{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3378", "width": "2431", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": ";:J^", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "x\u00c2\u00b0\u00c2\u00b0^. ^e^^:\\nS.V\\n.v^^", "height": "3263", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3263", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3263", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3263", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "p CI a m^^ m\\nmh\\nHISTORY\\nOF\\nCass County,\\nMICHIQAN\\nMlith inustvaticms and i^ioiivaphical J^hctchc;;\\nOf Some of its Prominent Men and Pioneers.\\nCHKAOO:\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Vy-AXE3RMAIT, -VSTATKHNS CO\\n18S2.\\nIBB^", "height": "3253", "width": "2264", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "V", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "PREFACE.\\nrr^HE undersigned, wlio entered a year ago upon the task of preparing an exhaustive and correct history of\\nCass County, place the result of their labors before their patrons, with a feeling of confidence that it will\\nbe fully indorsed by them, as it already has been by the Pioneer Society through its committees appointed for\\nthe purpose of revising it. The publishers believe that they have not only fulfilled, but exceeded the expecta-\\ntions of those who have taken a friendly interest in their work, and that the volume which has been produced\\nby them will receive the favorable criticism of all candid people qualified to judge of the character of its con-\\ntents. No pains nor expense have been spared to make the history all that it should be. Our writers have\\nlabored with well-directed diligence to rescue from oblivion all of the essential facts which should enter into a\\nwork upon the past of this region of country, and to group them in the most appropriate manner possible. In\\nthis labor, always a difficult one, they have received the willing and hearty co-operation of those people who\\nhave been the depositories of the desired information. While we rest assured that we and they have been the\\nfaithful stewards of the riches of historic lore bestowed by a thousand of the pioneers of the county, and that\\nthe facts they have furnished are returned to them in a form which will be acceptable, we are not so pre-\\nsumptuous as to think that the history of Cass County will be absolutely free from trivial errors. That a book\\nwhich contains at least ten thousand dates, and thrice ten thousand names can be accurate in every line, no\\nthinking person can expect. But we do believe such has been the care bestowed on the preparation of the\\npresent work, that its trivial errors are reduced to the minimum that the sins of omission and commission are\\nnot numerous. The publishers wish to return their most sincere thanks on their own behalf, and that of those\\nin their employ, to the pioneers of the county who have, often at much self-denial, assisted them in securing\\nthe data for this work. To mention the names of all of those whose courtesy and cordiality have been appre-\\nciated would be impossible, for their number is hundreds; but we cannot refrain from mentioning the names\\nof a few of this class, whose positions have enabled them to be of especial service. And first we may perhaps\\nplace the name of the venerable Capt. Joseph Harper. The Hon. George B. Turner has also been a valued\\nguide, philosopher and friend, and the store of his information has been largely drawn from. Others in\\nCassopolis, to whom thanks should be returned for favors rendered in the preparation of the work, are Messrs.\\nJohn Tietsort, Elias B. Sherman, S. T. Read, Hon. James M. Shepard, C. C. Allison, Judge Andrew J. Smith,\\nJudge William P. Bennett and L. H. Glovei-, Esq. Elsewhere in the county, the following may be mentioned\\nLa Grange Orlean Putnam, Hon. Jesse G. Beeson, Gamaliel Townsend, Isaac Shurte, Stephen D. Wright;\\nPokagon Robert J. Dickson, John Rodgers, Alexander Robertson, D. W. Ilurd, Rev. John Byrnes; Penn\\nJohn W. O Dell, Daniel Mcintosh, Dr. Leander Osborn, David M. Howell, W. E. Bogue, Hon. Amos Smith\\nOntwa Joseph L. Jacks, George Redfield, Moses II. Lee, J. C. Olrastead, Hon. John B. Sweetland Volinia\\nM. J. Gard, Hon. George Newton, John Huff, Hon. A. B. Copley. H. S. Rogers Marcellus\u00e2\u0080\u0094 W. 0. Mat-\\nthews, Abijah Iluyck, George W. Jones, George Savage; Porter Hon. George Meacham, Hon. J. II. Hitchcox,\\nF. C. Morton, Samuel Rinchart; Mason Henry Thompson, R. C. Ross, D. Bishop Jefferson S. C. Tharp,\\nJudge M. T. Garvey, .Jonathan Colyar Milton Wesley Smith, N. B. Dennis, Henry Aldrich Howard\\nHon. E. C. Smith, Hon. James Shaw Wayne Hon. II. B. Wells, Cyrus J. Gage, Lafayette Atwood\\nDowagiac Francis J. Mosher, B. W. Schermcrhorn, C. J. Grecnleaf, Joel II. Smith, Gideon Gibbs,\\nWilliam K. Palmer, G. C.Jones, Dr. H. S. McMaster, George W. Jones; Newberg\u00e2\u0080\u0094 J. M. Chapman,\\nE. H. Jones Calvin Jefferson Osborn, Levi J. Reynolds, Col. George T. Shaffer. We desire to\\nmake especial mention of the valuable writings of the late Judge Nathaniel Bacon, of Niles, which\\nhave been quoted in the chapter upon Pokagon. Written communications have been received in answer to\\nletters or circulars from many persons, resident and non-resident of the county. To all who have thus aided\\nin the compilation of the history we also tender thanks.\\nWATERMAN, W ATKINS CO.\\nCmcAoo, 111., June I, 1882.", "height": "3263", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "ru\\ni! \u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2-^1 J ^i,,,^ .,;-^jJ,J) GA^ t- -it", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "TABLE OF (CONTENTS.\\nTHE GKNEKAL HISTOUY.\\nlAITEK I\u00e2\u0080\u0094 IXTROUICTORY AND UK8CRIPTI VK.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plan and\\nScoi)e ol the. Work\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Region Represented In the History\\nDescribed\u00e2\u0080\u0094 TopoKraphy of Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Actual Land Areas\\nIn the Several Townships\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Varieties of Soil\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Dimensions of\\nReds and Mounds..\\nulorers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Huguenots Excluded from New France\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Rreben,\\nDaniel, Lalleniand- Raymbault and Jouges\u00e2\u0080\u0094 ClaudeAllouer\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nTere Marquette\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His Passage down the St. Joseph River 1\\n11 His Death on the Shore of Lake Michigan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I,a Salle\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nHe Builds Fort Miamis at the Mouth of St. Joseph in IGTS\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nHisJournevaci-oss the Michigan Peninsula in leso\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Frequent\\nSubsequent Visits to the St. Joseph\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Founding of Detroit by\\nDe la Motte Cadillac\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Mission of St. Joseph Established\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094A Mission near the Site of Nlles\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Miamis and the Pot-\\ntawatomies\\nAITER III.-( ONTEST FOR POSSF\\nr.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Oreat Britain Suc-\\nceeds France In Domination of the Northwest MIchlga\\nf th\\nEnmity by the French\u00e2\u0080\u0094 PnnWac s Couspiracy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Potta-\\nwatoniles join the League\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Siege of Detroit\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Massacre of the\\nGaiTlsun at Fort St. Joseph\u00e2\u0080\u0094 An Exploit of the Tribe of Top-\\n-Indians Propitiated by the British-The Quebec Bill\\nwest by George Rogers Clark\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Evacuation of Detroit\\nlAPTEK IV\u00e2\u0080\u0094 OnTLiNK OF Civil Hi.stoky. -Ordinance of 1787\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Its Authorship\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Michigan as a I art of the Northwest Ter-\\nrltoiy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 As Part of Indiana Territory Michigan Territory\\nOrganized\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Formation of Stale Government\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Dimrultles At-\\ntending Admission (othe Union\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Disputed Boundary\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Toledo\\nWar\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Michigan Receives the Upper Peninsula in lieu of the\\nMaiimee Swamp\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Removal of the Capital Constitutional\\nCimventlon of J85o\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Lists of Territorial and State Governors\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Population from 17% to 18\u00c2\u00ab0\\nI ITER\\nNorthw.\\nTheir\\nduce l ii\\nOtlK\\nLAND TiTLK AND SuRVKv.-Ownership of the\\n-TlieClaini.sof France and England-Of States\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n)n to tlie liiited States\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sy.stem of Survey Intro-\\n!n iHiiefli.H-Modlftcatlous for Michigan\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n1 V T.ands- Land Sales at White Pigeon\\nI II Michigan Lands\u00e2\u0080\u0094 School Lands\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nI :i il\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Treaty of Chicago in l\u00c2\u00ab21\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nIIAITER VI Thk I OTTAWATOMiK INDIANS.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 They Succeed\\nthe Mlami.s in the Occupation of the St. Joseph Country\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nHostilities in which tliev were Engaged\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Chicago .Mas-\\nsacre-Customs of the I ottawatomles\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Festival and Med-\\nicine Dance Described by the Rev. Isaac McCoy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bertrand s\\nStory of Saugana s Dream\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Modes of Burial\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Keligious Cer-\\nemonies\u00e2\u0080\u0094Evidences that Cannibalism was Practiced by the\\nPottawatoniies and Other Tribes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Deplorable Effectsof Ar-\\ndent Spirits\u00e2\u0080\u0094Seasons of Extreme Destitution :u\\nIIAITER VII Tim Pr TTA\u00c2\u00ab atomie Indians. (Cimtmueil).\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nIndian Villages\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Their l/ocatlons in Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I okagon s\\nProgressive Spirit-Indian Trails in Cass Countv-The Chi-\\ncago and Grand River Trails\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Network of Paths in Porter\\nTownship- Toplnabe\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Weesaw.theWarChief-Pokagon.the\\nSecond Clilef In Rank\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Shavehead\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His Enmltv to the Whiles\\n-Probable Manner of Ills Death\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Indian Murders\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Removal\\nof the Pottawatoniies to the West\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Exemption of Pokagon\\nand His Band\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Latter Days of the old Chief 44\\nMAI TEK VIII. Thf.Carkv .Mission.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Its KjitabiUhment near\\nthe Site lit Nlles In IsL-i- Its Effect on the Settlement of Ca\u00c2\u00abs\\nand Berrien Counties -The Rev. Isaac McCoy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Trials of the\\n.Mi.sslonarles Scarcityof Fond\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Succes.sfulnessof the School\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094How Regarded hv the Pottawatomles\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Necessity for Re-\\nmoval\u00e2\u0080\u0094Crowded Out by the Whites\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Improvements at Carey\\n.\\\\ppral9ed, in 1830, at over S. i.ooo S2\\nIIAITER IX.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 ADVKNT OK THE White Man as a Skttlfk.\\n-Indian Traders-Zaccheus Wooden, the Trapper\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His Visit\\nto CassC.mntv in 18i:i-15\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The White Man as a Permanent\\nSettler\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Settlement In the Interior of the State\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Earliest\\nSettlementIn Berrien County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Pioneers Enter Pokagon\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nHates of Earlv Settlements throughout Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Causes\\nOocratlng to Retard Immigratl. n-The Sauk or Black Hawk\\nWar Scare- The June Frost of 18,15 .iK\\nPA OK\\nCHAPTER X\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pioneer Like\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Beauty of the Country in a State\\notNature\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cabin Building Described\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Furniture and House-\\nhold Utensils\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Food\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Mill\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Occupations of the Pioneers\\nBreaking Women Spinning and Weaving Social\\nAmenities\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First General Pioneer Gathering at Elijah Co-\\nble s In 1837\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Character of the Pioneers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Two Classes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Job\\nWright, of Diamond Lake Island, as a Type of the Eccentric\\nHAPTEK XI.-Erkction and Organization or Cass\\nCoiNTV.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Earliest Counties EstablLshed\u00e2\u0080\u0094 St. Joseph\\nTownship\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cass County Erected in 1829\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Berrien Attached\\nunder the name of Nlles Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Political Divisions\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Public Buildings-Roster of Civil Officers 6\u00c2\u00ab\\nCHAITER XII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Internal Imi-rovk.ments.- Indian Trails\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe Chicago Road\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Territorial Legislative Council\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fos-\\ntering Internal Improvements\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Roads Ordered to be Opened\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Stage Routes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Old Stage Coach\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Canal or Railroad\\nProject\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Railroads 75\\n(\u00e2\u0096\u00a0H.\\\\PTER XIII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 llELiqioiis akdEdioational.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Character of\\nPioneer Preachers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Clergymen of Different Denomina-\\ntions in Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sketches of .Vdam Miller, John Byrns,\\nElder Jacob Price, Justus Gage and Others\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bishop Phi-\\nlander Chase\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Collins, the Boy Preacher \u00e2\u0080\u0094Educational In-\\nteresls of the County- School Laws\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Incorporation of an\\nAcademy- Present Method of Scliool Supervision- County\\nSupeiintendents- County School Examiners DO\\nCIIAITEK XIV.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Thk Bar ok Cass Bounty.- Alexander H.\\nRedlield\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ellas B. Sherman\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Old Time Non -Resident Law-\\nyen Sketched by one who knew Them\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Black Chip and\\nWhite Chip Biograpiilcal Sketch of James Sullivan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Eze-\\nkiel S.Sinith\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Henry H.CooIidge\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Clifford Shanahan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Daniel\\nBlackmail\u00e2\u0080\u0094 George B. Turner\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Andrew J. Smith\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Younger\\nAttorneys who have Practiced at the Cass County Bar\\nCIIAITKR XV.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Mkdh al Profession.- Practitioners In\\nCass County, Past and Present\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical Sketches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The\\nSuccession of Physicians in Cassopoli.s, Edwardsburg, Van\\ndalla, Dnwagiac, Pokagon and Sumnerville\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Physicians in La\\nGrange, Brownsville, Jones, .\\\\damsville, Williamsvllle and of\\nMarcellus\\nCHAITEU XVI.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Thk Press.- Firet ifewspaper Published in\\nCassopolis\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The NatinnaJ D .mnciat and tlie r\u00c2\u00abffilaril\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His-\\ntory of the Dowagiac Press\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Republican and the Times-\\nPapers in Edwardsburg\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Marcellus\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Vandalla io\u00c2\u00ab\\nCHAPTER XVII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Underground Railroad and the\\nKentucky Raid.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The two Lines of the Underground Rail-\\nroad which formed a Junction in Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Station\\nAgents and Conductors\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Their Methods\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Spies f\\nand other Friends\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Riot and Bloodshed narrowly Escaped\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nNigger Bill Jones, the Baptist Minister and the Negro\\nBaby-Excited Condition of the Public Mind\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Legal Proceed-\\nings In (Cassopolis- Negroes discharged from Custody and\\nSpirited away to Canada\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Suit against the Fugitives Frlcids\\nby tlieKentuckians\\nIIAPTER XVIII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cash County in the War of the Re-\\nIIKLLION.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The First Company of Soldiers raised In the\\nCounty\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Its Organlzatio\\n-Attached to the Forty-second II-\\nine rony-secona Il-\\nlinois Infantry- Brief History of that Reglmenr\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Roster of\\nthe Officers and Men of the Forty-second, from Cass County\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Other Full Companies from the County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Sixth Mich-\\nigan Infantry\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Brief Histories of the Twelfth and Nineteenth\\nInfantry Regiments, with Roster of Men from Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe First Michigan Cavalry l\\nIIAITKI! XIX\u00e2\u0080\u0094 (ASS COUNTY IN THK WaR of the RK-\\n,,n 1 I..V /irii/\u00e2\u0082\u00acd(\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Second. Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth,\\nNiiitii .11(1 I I. viiith Cavalry\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Light Artillery- Four-\\niK in Infantry Organizations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Nlntn, Elev-\\nI M. jii. Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seven-\\nin iiHi I I ii -fourth, Twenty-lllth, Twenty-eighth and\\nliuili. Ui Ih, One Hundred and Second V. S Colored In-\\nlaiilry- Cass I miiity Men In Miscellaneous Organizations 1\\nHAPTKR .\\\\X.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Pion err Sociktv. -Us Organization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Con-\\nstitution and Bv-Lawn\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Annual Picnics\u00e2\u0080\u0094 List of omcera frum\\n187.1 to 1881 Inclusive\u00e2\u0080\u0094 An Incident ol the Meeting of 1881\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ros-\\nFlourishing Condition of the Society.", "height": "3263", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "TABLE OF CONTEXT?\\niHAPTKK XXI.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A 5UK 1 l.TIRAI. ANII MisrKl.i.AXEtiv S Soi.T-\\nKTiRs.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Its Ocg iil/ation in Issi\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tlie First air Held\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A\\nSpeecJi by lleniaii KedlielU\u00e2\u0080\u0094 oadilion of the County Tliirty\\nYears Aso Horses, Cattle and slieep Ten Thousand\\nThiiiits by Wolverine Audaeilv Called Swine \u00e2\u0080\u0094Complete\\nPremium List of the Fair of IKil\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Urief .Suhse iumt History\\nof the Society\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cass County Bible Society Oi-ganlffld in iwi\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094County Medical Societies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Farniei-s Mutual Fire Insurance\\nCompany 14k\\nCHAI TER XXn.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 STATISTICS.- Population by Townships, 1837\\nto 1880- Vote on the Constitutions and for Presidents\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gub-\\nernatorial Vote of 1880, by Townships\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Valuation\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Produc-\\nIIAPTEK XXIII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cassopolis\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Foundiugof theVillage- ounty\\nSeat Contest\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Souvenir\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I^etter from Alexander H. Re lHeld\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094First Death, llirth and Marriage\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cassopolis as it Appeared\\nin 1835\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The CampaiffU of 1S40\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Job Wrighfs Prediction\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nTlie Only Ceneral iMilitia Muster\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Llttlejohn s Temperance\\nKevival of lj*4. i\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Corporation History\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Roster of illage OfB-\\ncials\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The I ulilic Souare Case\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mercantile and Manufactur-\\niiiB Matters-nankiUK- Hotels\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Post Olllce\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious His-\\ntory Pul)Iio Scliools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cemetery Societies\\nHAPTKI! XXIV.-TheCitvok\\nvelopment\u00e2\u0080\u0094 C;ni-f^ rcHiiMni\\nCity of Venirt-\\nOriginal Phil\\ntile and M.in\\nHce\u00e2\u0080\u0094 RailroM I\\nHistory-Tlif,\\nSecret and l;.-i.. ..n..!.\\nIncorpoialiou aul t ilj I lu\\nFire l)eparliiient\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The I.ari\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0places\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fair Association\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I!\\nlu to Cif.itf a Town- The Paper\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0r!v nnwaglac\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n-Merc;in-\\nI ostOf-\\nI\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Church\\ni I -.iihi I oachers-\\nl.iiH.iiy-Village\\n1 tci-uniccrs from l\u00c2\u00bb58 to 1881\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n;o Fires of 18M and 18ti(l-Biirial\\niogiaphlcal\\nCHAITKR XXV.-FOKAGON\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Arrival of Putnam\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Incidents of\\nhis Journey\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Baldwin Jenkins\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sgiiire Thompson\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I^wis\\nKdwards\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Alexander Rogeis\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Pioneer Plow and First\\nCnip\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Townseuds\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Markhams\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The First Religious Meeting\\n(Jrganization of the Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Marriage- FlrstRoads\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Early Postal Facilities- ,Sauk War\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Assessment of 1834\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nShakespeare State Hatchery\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Churches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List Land\\nEntries\\nTietsnrts and others Early Events\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Heath Fi ret\\nMarriage Mary Bonnell, the tirst child born The flrst\\nSchool and Teachers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Deer Killing\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Township Election\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Families of the Early Settlers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Complete List of l,and En-\\ntries\u00e2\u0080\u0094Principal OBlcere of La Grance from 1830 to 1S80\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nIIAITER XXVIl. Pkw\\nSoil, Lakes and Wat.-\\nEscape of Daniel Melni\\nitivc (irist-Mill\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Trii ^i\\nEntries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Stock iMaikv-\\nAlasoiiic\u00e2\u0080\u0094 (ieiievB. the l.os\\nAssessment Roll of l.iST\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nluilXand\\n./;itions\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n-Schools-\\nI Lisl\u00e2\u0080\u0094 liiosraiiliical..\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2HA ITER XXXIV.-Sii.vkhCkkkk.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Survey\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Topography\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mc-\\nDaniel the First Settler- Arrival of Barney, Suits, Treat and\\ntheirFamilies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Organization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First TownshipMeeting\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First\\nOltlcers- Pioneer Wedding\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pokagon and bis Band\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Erection\\nof the First Church\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Road\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Assessment Roll of 1858...\\nLand Entries- Uncle Tommy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Indian Sugar-Making\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First\\nSchool\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Later Settlers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Churches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\\nCHAITEK XXXV.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Jkkfbr\u00c2\u00abon.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Erection of Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Water-\\nCourses and Lakes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Settlement\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Economy of Pioneers\\nioneerHospitalitv\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Original Land Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Initial Events\\nL-IIAITEli XXXVI.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 CALVIN.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Unexpected ResulU of (Cindne.s. i\\nAbner Tliarp and John Ree l the First Settlers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Set-\\ntlen\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Pioneer Cabin\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tlie Shaffer Family\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The East Set-\\ntlement-Land Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Negro Settlement Saw Mill and\\nDistillery Sauk War .Scare\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious Organiza-\\ntions\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical\\nCHAPTER XXXVII\u00e2\u0080\u0094 MARCBLbU.H\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Retrospection\u00e2\u0080\u0094 View of the\\nTownship\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ye Olden and Present Time Contrasted\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early\\nSettlements\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Unexecuted Threats of Tah-Wab, an Indian-\\nLand Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil Organization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Post Offices\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Events\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Marcellus Village- Tllage of Wakelee Religious- Secret\\nSocieties\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools-Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical\\nCHAPTER XXXVIII\u00e2\u0080\u0094 M.\\\\so -.\u00e2\u0080\u0094Whv not settled earile^-Elani\\nBeardsley the First Settler-Sad Death of Darius Beardsley\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nTlie Ross Family\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Jotham Curtis\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Millers- Laud Entries\\n-Erection of Msison Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Keligious\u00e2\u0080\u0094Schools Initial\\nEvents\u00e2\u0080\u0094 CMvil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical\\nCHAITER XXXIX.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 NKwiiKH i.-John Balr. the First Settler-\\nThe Emigrants Trials- Land Sharks George Eoe\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The\\nRiidd Family- Early Settlement\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 f!ivil Or-\\nganization -iJewberg-Tax Roll f.r 18,18- Postal Servlcc-\\nSchools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious-Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical\\nII LlSsTRVnONb\\nAMrich Dr l(\\nAldrich Or It\\nVldrich Mr and Mrs Henry portraits ii\\nVsiiley, Rev James\\nBeeson Hon Jessie G\\nBucklin Mr tnd Mis. William I\\nlto\u00c2\u00bb.n( Sti I 1 u 111 I Htiin ih\\n;HAPTEIiXXVIll-ONTi\\\\^.-i:arlyHlstorlcIiitcrest-Edward.s\\nburg, the Enil.ivorn\\\\ -Thr ..untrv ms s.in I V i:/r:i r.iiinis-\\nley.tiieFirst--\\nniug of Kill-\\nSame\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ple:i\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Early Don I\\nof an Early\\nport-Original i.aim i-.iiini- lavnn i.i, ,.|ist\u00e2\u0080\u0094 \u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0.invar.iM..,,-,\\nUs Demise aud llcsuiici lion, inuliuliiig Laily .Meiulianis, I d-\\nritoriai Road, Stage Coach. etc.-Churches- Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Organ-\\nization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List-Biographical 2ii2\\nBtttlr Ml II I Ml\\n1I)LIIC^ Lit lolin\\nBisho|i Daniel and\\niss ount map\\nOr^M\\n.ITKK XXX.-PoKTKK.-Evidencesof a Preliistorii Itict-\\nEarlv Settlrmeiits, InrlMdiiig the Indians A .s lult upon Inhn\\nBaldwin\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Wolf and Wild Cat Story-Piintlicr scare-Pio-\\niieer Samaritanism\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Entries- Reminisi ences\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Or\u00e2\u0080\u009e an\\ni/alionnf Townshin\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Taverns- Coal Oil Specul itloii\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nReligious Organizations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools-Products\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil I is(\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bio-\\ngraphical\\nIIAlTEli \\\\X\\\\li\u00e2\u0080\u0094 ll..\u00c2\u00bb.Mii.-i;iiiiy b.:i.-f in iL I ii| loiliitlm\\nness\u00e2\u0080\u0094 William Kirk, the llrst Sclller-The Si ttk mcnl ini liid\\ning Social Aiimsenieiits\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Maiiufactureis-I o\\\\\\\\ Prno\\nof Farm Products\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cliaracteristics of Ploniers- 1 ind l-n\\nHies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Poll List of 1837\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Yankees vs. Hoosli rs- M Uistics and\\nProductions- Schools-Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 liiograpiiic il\\nHA ITER XXX 1 1 1 .M I i.ToN Beardslev s Prairie .iiid Ihe Town\\nship in Ye Olden Times \u00e2\u0080\u0094First .Setlkis and tarly Sit-\\nllement\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Liuid Entries Erection of Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 f oil and\\nProducts\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious Organizations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 lvll List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bl\\nographical", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "TABl.K OF rOXTKNTS.\\nry,\\n(I. Mr. and Mrs. James\\ni^}liri^ ,*!;S.? *-8\u00c2\u00bb :;;::::::betWeen:\\nliller, Itev. Adam\\nMcMaster, Dr. H. S\\nMaisb, Austin C\\nMorris, Samuel\\nMatthews, Warren O.\\n..laciug 2si\\n..facing 372\\n..facing .184\\n..faping 314\\nJjewton, Hon. Mr. and Mi-s. (icorge\\nNorton, Pleasant.\\nNorton, Levi D _\\nOn. George B., residence of\\nOlds, Mills\\nI utnam, Orle:in Vi\\nPiitiiam, Tzzicl\\nPrice, Kev. .Jacob 1!.\\nPrindle, l r. C. I\\nPrindle, l)r. c. P.. residence u. i..c ,,.,,,J .;S\\nPutnam, Hon. IzzicI, Jr fl!- e wl\\nPitcher, Mr. and Mrs. Silas A i ueen tS\\nPapsons, Mr. and Mrs. Beujamin failne im\\nKedlleld. Hon. Alexander H Uveen m\\nKft ublie:in,otHce of. ,yy\\nr portrnit and residence fai-ini, ifKi\\nMr. and Mrs. John, portraits an i residence facinc 2\\nr and Mrs. William A., portraits and residence-bet. 216, 217\\nHon.George between 264, aw\\ni- facins 27\u00c2\u00ab\\nfacinp: 3(U\\nKunklf\\nIt ltrothers..jt\\nMr. and Mrs. Cool\\ninner, Horatio W\\nIlot.iiisoii, Mr. and Mrs. Natli\\nKiekert, c. ..residence of..\\nKeynoids.Hon. Edwin W\\nSburte, Isaac-\\nSullivan.. lames\\nsimth, Judge Andrew J\\nSweiitland, Dr. John B., porlr.,.. -i.,;\\nS liool, Ca.ssopolis Union\\ni hermerhorn, B. W\\nSchool, nowaglac I nlon\\nMMipson, Mr. and Mrs. Moses W\\nSimpson, Mrs. .Sarah H.. residence of\\nShanafelt, William H., residence of..\\nSmith, Hon. Amos\\nSilver, Orren, residence of\\nS iuier, Mr. and Mrs. Daniel C\\nStorey. Mr. and Mrs. Ozlal\\nSpencer, E. 11 residence of\\nShaw, .Tames\\nSmith. .Mr. and Mrs. (ieorgt-\\nSavage, John\\nSchool, Marcelliis I nion\\nSutton, Mr. and Mrs. Polenion\\nTownsend, Gamaliel\\nTurner, Hon. George H\\nTompkins, l r. 1,. 1)\\nTlce, Isaac T\\nTownsend. George J\\npomaa. Sherwood, residence of\\nTaylor, K. O., residence of.\\nTniitt, Peter, portrait and residence.\\neen 344, :il5\\n...facing -.vii\\n...facing SiKi\\nRllderback, Win..\\nKradt. .John C\\nBIy, Henley W....\\nIlll 1!..\\nbetween u;i^,\\nfacing 33\\nfacing 352\\nbetween 392, 393\\nfacing 400\\nfacing 40 i\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2facing .111\\ntween 88, I\\nfacing 101)\\n.facing l! 2\\nfacing 2,%\\nfacing 314\\n..facing 3: il\\nT\u00e2\u0084\u00a2i\u00c2\u00ab; .\u00e2\u0096\u00a0.am;k M:, ;ii\\\\d7i?cr^J ,\u00e2\u0080\u009e.;;i^S5 I\\nTl;i;:^^iiraV;;iM^;:i:v,;;,.;;v;,- :::;;::::::::::::::::::Si Z\\nbetween 2011. 2 i i\\nfacing 22(1\\n.portraits and residence facing 22x\\nbetween .128.\\nlark,.l)r. William I\\nCurtis. Dr. Cyrus\\nCurtis, Dr. Eugene\\nCarbine, Dr. H\\nCasterllne, Thomas\\nCopley, Alexander.\\nCopley, Hon. Alexan\\nCondon, William\\nChapman, James M\\nl),.s ,i,. i! I:\\nDopp, Kansom\\nDyer, J. M\\nEaston, Dr. W W\\nEdwards, I^wis\\nEngle, B. F\\nEmei-son, Mathew II\\nFowler, Dr. Henry II\\nFlora, Dr. William..\\nFollett, Dr. Henry.\\nFlero, vVbram\\nFlero, Charlr^\\nField, Harvpv K\\nGagp,Rev. .Iiisiiis\\nGlover. Ixiw.-I I II\\nHolllM.r N\\nHowell, .Mai\\nHoward, Wi\\nHnllanil, lir\\nHow.ll. II.\\nu j\\nWells\\nWright, Stephen li., imi\\nWells, Mr. and .Mis. llo\\nWhitbeck, George, residence of..\\niminernian.\\niH..\\n.facing 318\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nA.iains, .lohii T\\n\\\\iwell. Freeman J\\n.vidrich. Dr. Levi\\n.Allen, Dr. .Tacob...\\nAllison, C. C\\n.\\\\dains, Tlionia.s W\\nAnderson, Samuel I\\nAndrews, G. W\\nAldrlfli. Henry\\nAshb-y, Key. .lami\\nByriics, Key .loliii\\nBradford, VImciii I\\nItlai kinan. Haiiirl\\nHick.-*, i;.\\nHull, Isaac\\nHuyck, Abijah\\nJewell, Kllas\\n.loiies. Horace\\nJenkins. Wiiiiiiis r.iM\\n,Tar\\\\is Xmiiii,..,\\nJom-,11\\nBliuly, .\\\\lr. anil .Mrs\\nBaooij, H(,n. Cvru.s\\nBacon, Cyrus, ,Ir., M\\nBeebe. AWI\\nBionson, o. P\\nIteaucliamp, Manliive i\\nBeaiiclianip, James H..", "height": "3263", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "TABLK OF CONTENTS.\\nNorton. Levi I)\\nOsborn. Dr. I-eauder..\\nOren, James\\nOsborn, Charles\\nOrr, George 1\\nOlds, MiUs\\nITice, Elder.i.i 1\\nI enwell, Dr. l.i.-\\nPhillips, Dr. II. n\\nPrindle, Dr. C. 1\\nPrlndle, Dr. E.C\\nPeck, William W\\nPeck, A. E\\nPalmer, Wm. K\\nPutnam, V/.i.u\\nParsons, liinj.mi;!:\\nKedSeld, AleNanilr-r I\\nKeshore, Frank H\\nKayniond. Dt.I.. K.\\nHepublican omce\\nUobertson Dr. John\\nKeed, S. T\\nKoot, Eber\\nK08S,FredH\\nKodgers, John\\nHodgers, William A\\nUedfleld.Hon. (ieory.\\nKodgers, George\\nKinehart Bros\\nKunkle, Cool\\nRider. Horatio W\\nKobinson. Nathan.\\nKickert, Charles C\\nKcynolds, Hon. hdwi;\\nKodgers. John\\nShurte, Isaac\\nSherman. Elias B\\nStuart, Charles E..\\nSullivan, James.\\nSmith, Ezekiel s\\nShanahan.Cliltord\\nSmith. Judge Andrw\\nSpencer, James M\\nSmith, Harsen D\\nbetween 408, 409 Thomas,\\n1....\\nSweetland. Dr. John B\\nStebbins, Dr. Edward Sa^\\nSmith, Joseph\\nShaw, John\\nShepard, James M.\\nShermerhom, B. W\\nSmith, Joel H......\\nSimpson, Moses W.\\nShanafelt, William H..\\nsmith, Hon Amos\\nSilver, Kev. Abiel\\nsilver, Orren Silver\\nSquier, Daniel C\\nStorey, Ozial\\nSpencer, Joseph\\nShaw, James\\nSmith, George\\n.Savage, John\\nSutton, Polemon\\nTownsend Gamaliel\\nTurner, Hon. George B\\nTalbot, John A\\nThompson, M. A\\nTompkins, Dr. I,. D\\nTreadwcll,Dr. A. B..\\nTreat, Dr. John\\nThorp, I r. A. 1\\nTaylor, Pr. James 1\\nTurner, .S. A\\nTietsort, John\\nTice, Isaac T\\nTownsend, George J\\nThomas. Sherwood\\nTavlor, Emery O\\nTruitt, Peter\\nTruitt, James M\\nTharp, S C\\nThomas, J. Hubbard\\nTownsend, George J\\nVan Riper, Jacob\\nWright,J\\nWooster, John\\nWheeler, Dr. J. H..^\\nWells, Dr. Charles P\\nWells,Hon. H.B\\nWells, Homer\\nWright, Stephen 1)\\nWhitbeck, George\\nZimmerman, Jacob H\\ni.eiween 184, 185\\nWi\\nfacing 212\\n213\\nfacing 260\\n.T.-\\n27 J\\n2!1S\\nnpson.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "HI8T0EY\\nCASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nBY ALFRED MATHEWS.\\nCHAPTER I.\\nINTRODUCTORY AND DESCRIPTIVE.\\nPlan and Scope of the Work\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tlie Region Kepreseuted in the History\\nDescribed\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Topography of Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Actual f,and Areas In the\\nSeveral Townships\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Varieties of Soil- Dimensions of the Principal\\nPrairies and Lakes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Pre-hlstonc Garden Beds and Mounds.\\nTHE pages of this volume are intended to present a\\ncomplete and exhaustive history of Cass County,*\\nand they contain incidentally many fragments of the\\nhistory of Michigan and of the West. An effort is\\nmade, in many instances, not only to chronicle facts,\\nbut to explain their relations as causes and effects in\\nthe great chain of events through which a wilderness\\nhas been reclaimed and added to the mighty realm of\\ncivilization. In the first few chapters of the book, a\\nchronological order of arrangement is maintained, but\\nin subsequent ones which treat of subjects in the\\nnarrower field, which is our especial province, the topical\\nform is resorted to for reasons which will be obvious to\\nevery reader. Following the brief description of the\\ncounty and of the traces of a pre-historic population,\\nwhich is given in this chapter, is a condensed account\\nof the French exploration of the Northwest, written\\n*Tlin countv was named in honor of Lewid Casn, Oitvernor nf Uicbigtin\\nfrom l\u00c2\u00bb\u00c2\u00bb13 lo 18:J1, who, in the lanKUHgp of a hi torlan, did more f. r (lie pioB-\\nI erity of MIchiiean than any otiier man HvjnK or dead. Cais was born in\\nExeter, N. H.. OcUilier 9. 1782. Ue settled In Mailetia, Ohio, about UVU; was a\\nmemtior of the Leglsla urv, and Manihal of the Slate; came to Michigan in\\n1812 as (;ol .nelof the Third Rrgiraent Ohio Vnlunleere; look a dislinKnlstaed\\nliart in the war, and was promoted to the rank of a Brigadiei. In Ocliibt-r.\\n1813, be was appointed Governor of Alk higHti Territory by Pr.-si(lent Madixon.\\nThis position Ue held for elehteen yeara advancing, by his wise and energetic\\nadmlniHtrallon, the material in:eresls of the Territory In a large degree. In\\nJuly, 18al. he was appointe.t, by President Jackson, Secretary of War. From\\nlg:i6 to 1842, ho was M.nitter to France. The Legislature of the State of Sllcli-\\nIgao elected him to the UnitrnJ Sutes Senate io 1845\u00e2\u0080\u0094 an office whi.h he re-\\nsigned three years later, when he became the candMate of the Democracy lor\\nthe Presidency. After his defeat, in 184U, the Leglslatura ie-p|ecied lihn to the\\nSenate lor the expiration of his original term lie was succeeded by Kacharlah\\nChandler, the KepiibllcaD parly having come Into the ascendency. Presi-\\ndent Buchanan, however, appointed him as Secretary or State, and he re-\\nmained in that position until the early part of 1860, when he resigned. For the\\nnext six years he resided In Detruit. where he owned a large property. Ue died\\nin July, 1886. Gen. Cass was an able lawyer, a polished and i-loquent orator and\\nergy of character. Ue ha l the conAdeuce and respect of the people, and his\\nfine social qualllles, his genial, courteous way and liberal hospitality, combined\\nwllh his intellectual worth aod illustrious services, made liim the must opular\\nman of his Ume In Michigan.\\nwith especial reference to the St. Joseph country,\\nwhich was the theater of many of the operations of\\nLa Salle and of other indomitable pioneers of France\\nin the New World. This chapter is supplemented by\\none upon the contest of France and England for su-\\npremacy in the West, and this in turn by one upon\\nMichigan, under American rule, as Territory and State.\\nTwo chapters are devoted to the Pottawatomie occu-\\npation of the country, and contain much curious\\ninformation in regard to this tribe, drawn from the\\nmost authentic sources. Then follows a chapter giving\\na synopsis of the titles to Michigan, an account of\\nthe survey and sale of lands and of the Indian treat-\\nies by which cessions of territory in Southwestern\\nMichigan were made. The Carey Mission, founded\\nnear the site of Niles, in 1822, is brought into prom-\\ninence as a cause and center of settlement. Succeed-\\ning this is a chapter entitled The Advent of the\\nWhite Man as a Settler, which, like each one of\\nthose that follow, pertains wholly to Cass County.\\nThe chapters preceding relate to the county only in\\npart. The chapter on settlement is followed by a\\ndescription of pioneer life, of cabin building, break-\\ning, the occupations of men and women, the perils\\nand the discomforts they endured. This is followed\\nby an account of the erection and organization of the\\ncounty, its division into townships, the establishment\\nof courts, the early meetings of the Supervisors and\\nthe erection of publio buildings. The chapter is sup-\\nplemented by a complete and carefully compiled roster\\nof civil officers. Religious and educational matters, the\\nCass County bar, the medical profession, the press\\nand internal improvements have each a place, and are\\nconsidered at length. The history of the Under-\\nground Railroad and the Kentucky Raid is given in", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ndetail. Two very valuable chapters show what Cass\\nCounty did in the war of the rebellion, and contain a\\nroster of the soldiers enlisted, together with important\\nfacts concerning them. The Cass County Pioneer\\nSociety, the Agricultural Society and a compilation of\\nstatistics upon population, politics and productions,\\nconstitute the concluding chapters of the general his-\\ntory. The history of the county is followed in its\\nminor details in seventeen voluminous chapters upon\\nthe townships, the village of Cassopolis and the city\\nof Dowagiat. In these will be found carefully made\\nrecords of the early settlement, and accounts of all\\nlocal institutions.\\nCASS COUNTY.\\nThe region of which this history treats is one fair to\\nlook upon beautiful alike to the eye of the husband-\\nman and the lover of nature. It is true there are\\nhere no scenes of grandeur or the rugged picturesque,\\nbut all of the elements of gentler beauty are present,\\nand they compose a panorama of varied and exquisite\\nloveliness. The sparkling lakes, the undulating ex-\\npanse of forest and cleared fields, the level prairies in\\nsummer clothed with luxuriant growth which proclaims\\nthe fertility of the soil combine to form a thousand\\nfresh and beautiful landscapes. Everywhere the\\nkindliness of nature to man is suggested.\\nNature s hand.\\nHas showered all blessings on this fruitful land.\\nThe county of Cass lies approximately between\\n41\u00c2\u00b0 49 5 and 42\u00c2\u00b0 7 north latitude and 8\u00c2\u00b0 48 and\\n9\u00c2\u00b0 16 longitude west from Washington. The latitude\\nof Cassopolis is approximately 41\u00c2\u00b0 50 and the longi-\\ntude 9\u00c2\u00b0 2 The county is bounded upon the north\\nby Van Buren County, on the east by St. Joseph\\nCounty, on the south by the counties of Elkhart and\\nSt. Joseph, in the State of Indiana, and upon the\\nwest by Berrien County.\\nThe county is composed of the Congressional town-\\nships Nos. 5, 6 and 7, and the fractional Town-\\nships 8, south of the base line, in Ranges 13, 14, 15\\nand 16 west, of the Principal Meridian. Were the\\nsouthern townships full, the county would be a quad-\\nrangle, measuring twenty-four miles upon each side,\\nand containing 576 square miles, or 368,640 square\\nacres. But the four southern townships are only a\\nlittle more than half townships, and the area of the\\ncounty is further lessened by the detachment of about\\ntwo and a half square miles lying east of the St\\nJoseph River. The actual area of the county is not\\nfar from 512 square miles. The area of a full Con-\\ngressional township is thirty-six square miles, or 23,-\\n040 acres, but the actual land area is in each much\\nless. The following is an accurate table* of the\\namount of lands in each township of the county, deduc-\\ntions being made for the lakes, etc.\\nActual Land Areas\\nTOWNSHIPS. in Acres.\\nNewberg 22,167.24\\nMarcellus 21,.S94.77\\nNorth Porter 21, 780. -S?\\nSouth Porter 10,917.40\\n(Porter, total 32,097.97)\\nVolinia 22,012.51\\nPenn 21,468.5.5\\nCaWin 22,007.82\\nMason 12,945.66\\nWayne 22,775.10\\nLa Grange 22,698.02\\nJefferson 22,126.16\\nOntwa 12,361.70\\nSilver Creek 21,463.14\\nPokagon 22,353.04\\nHoward 22,639.50\\nMilton 13,482.48\\nTotal, actual land area of county (in acres). ..3\\n.66\\nWhile exhibiting the general characteristics of a\\nj comparatively level region, the surface of the county\\npresents, nevertheless, considerable variety. It is for\\nthe most part gently undulating, and in the northeast-\\nI ern part reaches that degree of roughness which\\nmay be denominated as broken. The leading feat-\\nures may be classed under the headings of heavy\\ntimbered lands, oak openings and prairies. Three\\ndistinct varieties of soil are to be found in these divi-\\nj sions. That of the heavy timbered regions is a\\ngravelly soil often mixed with sand or clay. The soil\\nof the oak openings is usually light and sandy, but\\nhas proven far more productive under judicious culti-\\nvation than the pioneers anticipated. Richest and\\nj best is the soil of the prairies. It is a black, sticky\\nand soft soil, sometimes partaking of the character of\\nclay. The subsoil is sand or gravel. It is commonly\\nI believed that the fertile soil of the prairies has been\\nproduced by the accumulation of vegetable mold the\\nI product of centuries of annual growth and decay.\\nThere are various theories in regard to the causes\\nI which have produced the prairies or natural meadows\\nwhich are so numerous in Southern and Southwestern\\nI Michigan, but the scientific students of nature offer\\nI in their writings nothing that is conclusive upon the\\nI subject. Cass County is rich in prairie lands the\\nI mellow, warm soiled meadows which have for ages\\nbeen in readiness for man s cultivation. The approxi-\\nmate areas of the principal prairies are as follows\\nJ eardsley s 4410\\nYoung s 2880\\nLittle Praiiie Koride 1690\\nLa Grange 1580\\nPokagon 500\\nBaldwin s 600\\n.McKinnneys 400\\nand (Pokagon; 200\\nGurd s 100\\nShavehead 70\\nTotal (about).\\n.12,230", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF (JASS OOUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe foregoing are the areas as computed from the\\nGovernment survey. Since the country has become\\nthickly settled, and the timber lands surrounding the\\nprairies cleared and carefully cultivated, it is often\\nimpossible to distinguish the original line of demarka-\\ntion between timber land and prairie, and the size of\\nthe prairies has been consequently very commonly\\noverestimated.\\nCass County is beautified with a fair proportion of\\nthe five thousand lakes of Michigan. One hundred\\nand eighty lakes and ponds are designated upon the\\nmap in this work. The largest is Diamond Lake, the\\narea of which is 1,083 acres (minus the area of the\\nisland which is 40.79 acresj, and the most peculiar is\\nStone Lake so named from the fact that its shores\\nwere originally very thickly strewn with stone, in the\\nform of bowlders. This lake has no visible inlet or\\noutlet; its water is very fine and very soft. That of\\nDiamond Lake, only half a mile distant, is hard. It\\nis supposed by many people that Stone Lake is one of\\nthe surface spots of the great subterranean stream by\\nwhich Lake Superior is believed to discharge its waters\\ninto the Gulf of Mexico and, it is averred in support\\nof this theory, that the rise and fall in Stone Lake\\ncorresponds closely with that of the shining big\\nsea water. There is known to be a chain of soft-\\nwater lakes extending for a considerable distance\\nacross the country from north to south.\\nFollowing is a statement of the size of the principal\\nlakes in the county\\nBarren\\n255\\nBaldwin\\nBirch\\n302\\nDewey\\n239\\nDonell\\n274\\nEagle\\nFish\\nIndian\\nLilly and Flutchings (surveyed together)\\nLong and CloTerdale\\n267\\n295\\nMagician (less islands of twenty-five acres).\\nMud\\n492\\n186\\nShavehead\\n287\\nChief among the water-courses of the county are\\nthe Christianna Creek (so named by the Rev. Isaac\\nMcCoy, founder of Carey Mission, in honor of his\\nwife, in 1822), and the North and South Branches of\\nthe Dowagiac. The n*me of this stream is of Indian\\norigin, and its meaning is fishing water. The\\nNorth Branch of the Dowagiac rises in Van Buren\\nCounty and enters Cii-ss near the center of the north\\nline of Wayne Township. Its general course is south-\\nwesterly, and it flows through the townships of Silver\\nCreek and Pokagon, and, crossing the county line\\nnear the northwest corner of Howard Township, it\\nempties into the St. Joseph River near Niles, in Berrien\\nCounty. The stream is sluggish, and of little conse-\\nquence as a source of mill power. The country through\\nwhich it flows is low, flat, and a considerable portion\\nof it marshy. A very different stream is the south\\nbranch, which flows quite rapidly, and affords a valu-\\nable water-power. It has its source in Marcellus\\nTownship, flows through Volinia and the north part\\nof La Grange, makes short meanders in Pokagon and\\nSilver Creek, and forms a confluence with the North\\nFork near the dividing line of these townships. Chris-\\ntianna Creek rises in Penn, runs southwesterly through\\nCalvin into Jefferson Township, and thence southerly\\nnear the eastern line of Ontwa, beyond the southern\\nboundary of the county, and to the St. Joseph, which\\nit reaches near Elkhart, Ind. The drainage of the\\nentire county is into the St. Joseph River, which, in\\naddition to the streams we have described, receives\\nthe waters of two other small tributaries which rise in\\nCass County Rock Creek, of Marcellus, and Mud\\nRiver, of Porter.\\nGeologically, the county presents very little that is\\ninteresting. Its surface is composed entirely of\\ndrift the mass of debris consisting of loose stone,\\ngravel and sand, which covers nearly the whole of the\\nMichigan Lower Peninsula. It is undoubtedly true\\nthat in Cass County this deposit is several hundred\\nfeet in thickness. Nowhere have the streams cut their\\nway through this great diluvial deposit, and nowhere\\ndoes rock appear in situ. Minerals exist only in very\\nsmall quantities, and detached particles mingled with\\nthe drift.\\nANCIENT REMAINS.\\nA description of Cass County would not be com-\\nplete without an account of the pre-historic remains to\\nbe found within its limits the relics of those races\\nwhich passed away before the Indian came. The\\nancient works of Michigan may be classed as (1)\\ntumuli and inclosures, universally ascribed to the\\nrace known as the Mound-Builders, and (2) the gar-\\nden beds, which many students of archieology deem\\nthe work of another people.\\nThe former class of works are found in greatest\\nnumber, variety, size and perfection in the valleys of\\nthe Ohio, the Mississippi and their tributary rivers,\\nwhile in Michigan and the lake region generally,\\nthey are comparatively few, and as a rule small. On\\nthe other hand, the class of ancient remains, commonly\\ndesignated as garden beds, are found in Southern\\nMichigan in their greatest perfection, and are prac-\\ntically unknown in those parts of the country where\\nthe other forms of earthworks, the mounds and for-\\ntifications most abound. Unfortunately, the garden\\nbeds (so called from their close resemblance to the\\nbeds of modern gardens), have nearly all disappeared.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "12\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe slightness of their elevation, and the fact that\\nthey were nearly always upon the richest lands, were\\ncircumstances conducive to their destruction by the\\nplowshare.\\nWhen Cass County was first settled, various forms\\nof ancient garden plats were to be seen upon the sev-\\neral prairies and in the woods. Many have been\\nspared by the agriculturist until recent years, but at\\npresent there are few specimens remaining. As a\\nrule, the garden beds were not over eighteen inches\\nhigh, and sometimes they were much less. The\\nmost common form of platting, appears to have\\nbeen one similar to that now practiced in the\\nvegetable garden, viz., that by which parallel\\nbeds of uniform length and breadth, separated by\\nnarrow paths, were arranged in blocks or parallelo-\\ngrams. There were many other forms, however,\\namong them squares, circles, triangles and a wheel-\\nshaped plat, consisting of a circular bed, with beds of\\nuniform shape and size, radiating from it, all sepa-\\nrated by narrow paths. A garden bed of this kind\\nwas discovered in Pokagon Township by Lewis Ed-\\nwards, when he first came to the county.\\nThe area covered by the beds was usually not more\\nthan three to five acres, but according to Henry R.\\nSchoolcraft, who wrote of them as forming by far\\nthe most striking characteristic antiquarian monu-\\nments of this district of country, they have been\\nfound in some localities to extend over as many as\\nthree hundred acres of land.\\nBy whom the garden beds were made must forever\\nremain a mystery. There are many people who believe\\nthem to have been the work of some large and ad-\\nvanced tribe of Indians, who, centuries ago, occupied\\nthe Michigan Peninsula. The method of cultivation\\nwhich they would indicate, however, had no parallel\\nin the rude agriculture of the Indians known to his-\\ntory, and the Indians possessed no knowledge of the\\norigin of the ancient plats. The fact that the garden\\nbeds have seldom or never been observed in those\\nregions where are found the most stupendous earth-\\nworks in the forms of tumuli and fortifications, is\\nstrong presumptive evidence that they were not con-\\nstructed by the Mound-Builders.\\nThe tumuli or mounds in Cass County are of far\\ngreater interest, archiieologically, than the garden beds,\\nbecause of the character of their contents, which\\nthrow a faint light upon the nature of the lost race\\nwho reared them.\\nThe Mound-Builders are supposed to have passed\\naway from the region of the great lakes and the val-\\nleys of the Mississippi and Ohio at least a thousand\\nyears ago. Investigators have discovered facts which\\nsupport strongly that belief A great majority of the\\nI best authorities agree that the race, either pressed by\\nI a more warlike and powerful people or seeking a\\ni milder climate, emigrated, by a mighty movement,\\nfrom their vast Northern domain to the South, follow-\\ning the valley of the Father of Waters, and event-\\nually penetrated Mexico that they there reached the\\nheight of their civilization and greatness, and devel-\\noped into the magnificent nation of Montezuma. That\\nthey were, while they dwelt in the North, a semi-\\ncivilized people, is unquestionable. The great extent\\nof many of their works, their wide distribution geo-\\ngraphically and the contents of the mounds, in many\\ncases, amply testify to this. They had settled habi-\\ntations, carried on agriculture very extensively (as was\\na necessity with their vast population) and had a\\nknowledge of the ruder arts, such as the manufacture\\nof pottery and the making of cloth. There are evi-\\ndences that they were a homogeneous people, and it\\nis conjectured that they were under a single and a\\nstrong government.\\nAs has been said, the works of the Mound-Builders\\nare neither numerous nor extensive in the lake region.\\nThey are sufiicient, however, to identify the people\\nwho constructed them with the people who made the\\nmighty inclosures and reared the colossal temple\\nmounds which appear in great numbers farther south.\\nSmall mounds are to be found in almost every town-\\nship in Cass County. There are a number in Volinia,\\nmost of which are near the Dowagiac Creek, and\\nseveral in Porter Township, one of the best being on\\nthe farm of Samuel Rinehart. In Howard Town-\\nship, two mounds have been excavated. One of them,\\nin Section 21, a half mile east of Barren Lake, was\\nopened in 1834, in the presence of quite a number of\\npeople, the work being superintended by Dr. Winslow,\\nof Niles. This was undoubtedly the first mound ex-\\ncavated in Cass County. A quantity of human bones\\nwas discovered, fragments of coarse pottery and some\\nother articles. Another tumulus, on the farm of R.\\nEast, in this township, was excavated by Amasa Smith\\nand his sons, Ezekiel C. and Zenus. A large number\\nof human skeletons were found (over a hundred, it is\\nsaid), buried in a circle, with their heads toward a\\ncommon center. Many of the skulls bore the marks\\nof weapons, which indicated that death had ensued\\nfrom violence. Those who saw them inferred that the\\nskeletons were those of men who had died in battle.\\nAll had evidently been buried at the same time.\\nj Most interesting of the Mound-Builders works in\\nCass County are those in Pokagon. A cluster of five\\nmounds may be seen by the roadside a half mile east\\nof Sumnerville, and not far away, is a faintly-visible\\nI embankment inclosing nearly half an acre of ground.\\nI On a ridge running east and west on the farm of", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n13\\nWilliam G. Potter, a half mile north of Champagne\\nLake, are a number of excavations, somewhat resem-\\nbling rifle-pits, which are supposed to be of ancient\\nanJ artificial production. The largest mounds in the\\ncounty are those upon the farm of Joseph Walter.\\nThree beautiful and regular mounds occur here, situ-\\nated in a line from east to west. A short distance\\nsouth of them is a well defined ditch which forms a\\nperfect horseshoe, measuring about one hundred and i\\nsixty feet in length by one hundred feet in width. It\\nis flanked upon the north by a line of ditch extending j\\nparallel with its longest diameter, a distance of per-\\nhaps two hundred feet. There is no trace of embank-\\nment in connection with the excavations. For what\\npurpose the horseshoe-shaped inclosure was made by\\nthe ancient people can, of course, only be conjectured.\\nThere is no probability, however, that it was designed,\\nas many suppose it to have been, for a work of defense.\\nOne of the three large mounds which have been\\nmentioned was excavated in September, 1878, by Dr.\\nE. J. Bonine, of Niles, who operated under the aus-\\npices of the Smithsonian Institution. It was a mound\\nabout thirteen feet high (originally it must have been\\nof greater altitude), and the diameter of its base was\\nabout fifty feet. On the summit of the mound, within\\nthe memory of the settlers, stood a burr-oak tree four\\nfeet in diameter, and probably three hundred years\\nold. A shaft was sunk by the excavators into the center\\nof the mound, which was found to be composed\\nthroughout of the same soil as that of the surrounding\\nplain a rich black loam. Almost invariably the hu-\\nman remains found under the mounds rest upon the\\nnatural surface of the earth, the mounds simply being\\nheaped over tiiem, but in this case the interment was\\nseveral feet below the original level. Several skele-\\ntons were found, being those of men, women and\\nchildren, a number of fragments of pottery, a curious\\nbone or ivory ornament, bearing some resemblance to\\na walrus tooth, several amulets pierced with holes,\\nthrough which thongs had doubtless once been placed\\nto attach them to the person, several bone implements\\nand five copper hatchets of fine edge and good forma- I\\ntion. Portions of the skeletons were in a good state\\nof preservation. The femur, or thigh bone, of one of\\nthe males, which Dr. Bonine has now in his possession, i\\nis of great size and indicates that its owner must have\\nbeen at least seven feet in height. Curiously enough, I\\nin the same tomb were found the bones of a very small\\nchild, a child which could not have measured more i\\nthan eight or nine inches in height. They were more\\nperfectly preserved than those of the adults. j\\nThe mound from which these remains were taken,\\nafter their sepulture of perhaps a thousand years,\\nwas undoubtedly the monument and the grave of a\\nruler and the members of his family. Nearly all of\\nthe mounds in Cass County are of the class to which\\narchjeologists have given the name of sepulchral\\nmounds, although it is possible a few of them may\\nconceal the altars of the ancient people rude hearths\\nof clav or stone.\\nCHAPTER II.\\nFRENCH EXPLORATION AND OCCL PATION.\\nJ\u00c2\u00bbc iuea artier the rioneerof New France\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Chaniplain\u00e2\u0080\u0094 He Wins the\\nFriendship of the .Vlgonfinins and Trovnltes the Hatred ot the Iro-\\nquois\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Effect upon Future French Exploration and Colonization\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nI,e Caron\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious Zeal of French Explorers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Huguenots\\nExcluded from New France\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Breben, Daniel, Lalleniand\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Raym-\\nbault and Jouges\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Claude AUouez-Pere Marquette\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His I assage\\ndown the St. .Joseph Kiver in 1U75\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His Death on the Shore of Lake\\nMichigan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 l.a Salle\u00e2\u0080\u0094 He Builds Fort Mlainls at the Mouth of St.\\n.loseph in 1670\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His Journey across the Michigan I eninsula in liiSo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Frequent Subsequent Visits to the St. .Joseph\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Founding of De-\\ntroit by De la Motte Cadillac\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tlie Mission ot St. Joseph Estab-\\nlished\u00e2\u0080\u0094A Mission near the Site of Nlles\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Mianils and the Pot-\\ntawatomies.\\nIN 1534, Jacques Cartier, sailing from France,\\nentered and explored the Gulf and the River St.\\nLawrence to the former of which he gave the name\\nof his patron saint. Returning to France, he made\\nanother voyage to the New World in 1536, this time,\\nascending the great River of Canada to the site of\\nMontreal, which city, when it came into existence,\\ntook its name from the elevation near by, which Car-\\ntier called Mount Royal. In 1541, this explorer,\\nunder the patronage of Sieur de Roberval, a French\\nnobleman, attempted to plant a permanent colony upon\\nthe St. Lawrence, but the project failed.\\nFor nearly seventy years, no further attempt was\\nmade on the part of the French to colonize America,\\nor that part of it which Cartier had called New\\nFrance.\\nIn 1608,* however, Samuel de Champlain founded\\nthe settlement of Quebec.\\nAn episode in the career of Champlain (interesting\\nto those who are fond of tracing tremendous results to\\napparently insignificant causes) determined the direc-\\ntion of future French exploration. To secure and\\naugment the friendship of the Indians Algonquins)\\nby whom he found himself surrounded, Champlain,\\nduring the same year in which he arrived, joined them\\nin an expedition against their enemies, the Iroquois,\\nwho had a strong-hold upon the banks of the lake\\nwhich bears his name. In the battle which ensued,\\nthe allied forces were the victors. The event secured\\nfor three generations the alliance of the Algonquins\\nand the implacable hatred of the Iroquois. f\\nThin WM only on\u00c2\u00ab year latoi: tlian llio i-sUliliiilinient of the first prmiantnt\\nEnglldli Betllbfnf*nt npon tlid Atlntilic coast Jamralawn, Va and ualy forty-\\nthree yearn later than the foiindtng of the flnit Spiulsh settlomorit the oldest\\ncity ia America\u00e2\u0080\u0094 St. Augustloe, Kla.\\nt James R. Albscb s ADnalsofthe West.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "14\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe French would doubtless have entered zealously\\ninto the exploration of the region to the southward\\nhad not their implacable and powerful foe formed a\\nbarrier. Their alliance with the Algonquins, how-\\never, left often to them the vast interior lake country,\\noccupied principally by the western tribes of the Algon-\\nquin nation, and so this region became a field for their\\nexploration and colonization.\\nCharaplain, in 1611, established a trading-post on\\nthe site of Montreal, and, in 1615, he made an expe-\\ndition to the Georgian Bay of Lake Huron. In the\\nsame year he led an army of 2,500 Algonquin war-\\nriors against the Iroquois, and was compelled to retire\\nwithout gaining the conquest he had hoped to. The\\nbarrier interposed between the French and the south-\\nern region remained unbroken.\\nIn 1616, Le Caron, with two compani6ns, pene-\\ntrated the wilderness to Lake Huron, and for ten\\nyears they there labored as missionaries among the\\nIndians. They were Franciscans. The means, the\\ndevotion, and the discipline of this order proved in-\\nadequate to the carrying-on of its self-imposed task,\\nand the missions established under its authority ulti-\\nmately passed into the possession of the Jesuits.\\nThrough all the history of French discovery, ex-\\nploration and colonization in America runs the story\\nof religious zeal and martyrdom. Wherever the\\nBourbon lilies were planted as the standard of France,\\nthere was found also the cross of the Society of Jesus\\nand of the Holy Catholic Church. The indomitable\\npioneers of France in the New World were more\\nlargely actuated by religious motives than by personal\\nambition or commercial enterprise. Champlain re-\\ngarded the salvation of a soul worth more than the\\nconquest of an empire, and those who followed after\\nhim were sustained amidst their toils and privations\\nby the thought that they might Christianize a heathen\\nrace win the wild denizens of the dark forest con-\\ntinent to the Church of Rome. But the very zeal\\nwith which the explorers and pioneers of France were\\ninspired, and which furnished them the motive for\\npenetrating the wilderness of the northwest was\\ncoupled naturally with an intolerance which not im-\\nprobably prevented France from maintaining an\\nascendancy upon American soil. Cardinal Richelieu,\\nthe champion of absolutism in France, had turned his\\nattention as early as 1627 to the New France, and\\nunder his patronage a splendid and powerful organiza-\\ntion was formed for the purpose of colonizing on a\\ngrand scale the new possessions. Upon this company,\\nof the hundred associates was conferred sovereignty\\nover all the French territory in America. The colo-\\nnies to be planted by the hundred associates were\\nto be exclusively French in nationality, and Catholic\\nin religion. Champlain was made the civil and mili-\\ntary Governor of the colony, and the Jesuits were\\nchosen as the guardians of its spiritual welfare. Under-\\nj this arrangement the Huguenots were, of course,\\nrigorously excluded. They were the most enterprising\\nclass in France, and the most strongly inclined to im-\\nmigration. Had they been permitted to people the\\nshores of the New France, it is possible that the whole\\ndestiny of the French in America might have been\\nchanged. Francis Parkman gives it as his opinion that\\nhad New France been thrown open to Huguenot emi-\\ngration, Canada would never have become a British\\nprovince; that the field of Anglo-American settlement\\nwould have been greatly narrowed, and that large\\nportions of the United States would, at this day, have\\nbeen occupied by a vigorous and expansive French\\nI population.\\nIn 1634, Brebeuf and Daniel, and later Lallemand,\\nI passed, by way of the Ottawa River, Lake Huron\\nand the Sault Ste. Marie,* to Lake Superior, and es-\\ntablished missions in the country of the Hurons, which\\ntribe, at that time, according to Jesuit authorities,\\nnumbered 30,000 souls. Rayraebault and Jouges fol-\\nlowed in 1640, and were probably the first Europeans\\nwho set foot upon the soil now included within the\\nboundaries of Michigan. These Jesuit missionaries\\ncarried the tidings of salvation to the Western tribes\\nfive years before Elliott preached to the Indians within\\na few miles of Boston Harbor. In the following year,\\nJouges and one of his fellow-missionaries were capt-\\nured and tortured by the Iroquois. Daniel was killed\\nin 1648, and a year later the same savage enemy laid\\nwaste several of the missions and burned at the stake\\nthe two Jesuits, Brebeuf and Lallemand. In the en-\\nsuing Huron-Iroquois war, nearly all of the devoted\\napostles of Catholicism fell as martyrs of their faith.\\nThe advance of the French explorers was temporarily\\nchecked; but no obstacles could discourage and no\\nhorrors dismay the brave spirits who had entered upon\\nthe task of carrying to the inhabitants of the wilder-\\nness what they devoutly believed to be the only true\\nreligion. With the terrible fate of their brothers\\nfresh in their minds, the Jesuits pressed on, with al-\\nI most superhuman zeal, to plant the holy cross and the\\ngolden lilies upon the shores of the Western waters.\\nRene Menard (or Mesuard) wa3 probably the first\\nof the Jesuits who visited the West after the close of\\nthe Indian war. He founded a mission upon the south\\nshore of Lake Superior in 1660, and in the following\\nyear had fallen a victim to the Indians, or, at least,\\nsuch was the supposition, his breviary and cassock\\nafterward being f)und in the possession of the Sioux.\\nIn 1665, Claude Allouez was sent out to the far West.\\nFalls of the River St. Mary s, between Lakes Huron and Superior.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nHe visited the great fresh-water sea (called by the\\nIndians Gitchi Goinee, which Longfellow translates\\nBig Sea Water or Shining Big Sea Water and\\nnamed it, in honor of the new Viceroy of the French\\nprovince, Lac Tracy au Superieur. Landing at the\\nchief village of the Chlppewas, on the bay of Chego-\\nimegon, he established a mission, and, on behalf of the\\nFrench colony, made with the Chippewas, the Potta-\\nwatomies, Sacs, Foxes and the Illinois, an alliance\\nagainst the Iroquois. The next year, at the western\\nextremity of the lake, he came in contact with the\\nSioux, and received from them information of a vast\\nand mysterious river that flowed southward, which\\nthey called Messipi. Aliouez returned to Quebec,\\nfilled with wonder at the marvelous stories he had\\nheard of the Father of Waters, and dreaming, doubt-\\nless, of the splendor and vastness of the future French\\ndominion and Catholic triumph.\\nIn 1668, Jacques (or James) Marquette and Claude\\nDablon arrived at the Sault, and established the mis-\\nsion of St. Marie. Marquette advocated with enthu-\\nsiasm the exploration of the Mississippi, and the proj-\\nect was furthered by Talon, the Intendant under\\nTracy, who was ambitious to extend the power of\\nFrance. On the 13th of May, 1673, Marquette,\\nJoliet and five voyageurs, embarking in two birch-\\nbark canoes at Michilimackinac (or Mackinaw, as it is\\nnow called), made their way across Lac des Illinois,\\nor Lake Michigan, to Green Bay. From thence they\\npassed, by way of the Fox River, to a great Indian\\ntown, where dwelt together, in harmony, numbers of\\nthe Miami,* Mascoutin and Kickapoo nations. Al-\\niouez had preached here, but beyond the village no\\nexplorer had penetrated. Marquette and his compan-\\nions pressed on, through the wilderness, over lakes\\nand dismal marshes, until they reached the westward\\nflowing Wisconsin. Committing themselves to the\\ncurrent, they floated onward until, upon the 17th of\\nJune, their boat shot out athwart the broad bosom of\\nthe Mississippi. But we cannot follow the brave and\\npious voyageur in his inspiring and joyous journey.\\nHe went nearly as far South as the mouth of the\\nArkansas, and was the discoverer of the Des Moines,\\nIllinois, Missouri and Ohio Rivers. The party re-\\nturned, laboriously working their way against the\\ncurrent of the great river, to the mouth of the Illi-\\nnois, which they entered. At a village, which Mar-\\nquette called Kaskaskia (near the site of the present\\nvillage of Utica), an Indian chief offered to guide\\nthem to the lake of the Illinois (Michigan). The offer\\nwas accepted, and the voyageurs, passing up the Des-\\nfpv, of llie Minniin at tblx tII1bh\u00c2\u00ab. and tb\\nitump.l to tlK. ahurea of Lake Micliinan\\nwhich country, oa will bo hereafter aliov\\nplaines River and across the portage to the site of\\nChicago,* entered the lake and made their way to the\\nmission station on Green Bay, which was reached in\\nSeptember.\\nMarquette, ever on the alert to advance the cause of\\nhis religion, had determined to found a mission at the\\nIndian village on the Illinois, and had promised the\\nchiefs that he would soon return to them for that pur-\\npose. With this object in view he set out from\\nGreen Bay October 25, 1674, with a flotilla of ten\\ncanoes manned by Frenchmen and Illinois and Potta-\\nwatomie Indians. Following the west shore of the\\nlake, they entered the Chicago River, and had pro-\\nceeded up the stream but a few miles when Marquette\\nbecame so sick that he could go no further. The\\nlittle party went into camp, and the Father s illness\\ncontinuing unabated, they remained there through the\\nwinter, sustaining life upon the game which abounded\\nin that region. In the early spring of 1675, how-\\never, the missionary had so far recovered that he was\\nable to resume his journey, descending the Des-\\nplaines River, and reached the Illinois village by the\\nroute over which he and Joliet had returned from\\ntheir voyage to the Mississippi in 1673. Before a\\nvast concourse of the red men, Marquette unfolded the\\nplan of Christian salvation and laid the foundation of\\na mission which he named the Immaculate Conception.\\nThe missionary, however, felt that his malady must\\nsoon prove fatal, and he made preparations to return\\nto the North to St. Ignace. About the middle of\\nApril, he set out with his escort of Frenchmen and\\nIndians for Lake Michigan by a route which no white\\nman had ever traveled.\\nThe now dying priest, led by Indian guides, pro-\\nceeded up the Illinois to the mouth of a stream the\\nIndians called Teankakeek (the Kankakee of our\\nday), whioh they followed to a portage communicating\\nwith the stream now known as the St. Joseph. The\\npriest named this water-course the River of the\\nMiamis, t because he found the Indians of this\\nnation upon its banks, and one of their principal vil-\\nlages a few miles south of it upon the portage.\\nMarquette and his companions were the first white\\nmen who passed over the St. Joseph River. They\\ncame to it at, or very near, the site of South Bend,\\nand steered their canoes to its mouth upon Lake\\nMichigan, where the village of St. Joseph now stands,\\nand thence made their way northward along the east-\\nern shore of the lake, the priest hoping before his life\\nebbed away to reach the mission of St. Ignace.\\n*SoDie writ\u00c2\u00abra have atated that Marquette and Joliet returned to Laka\\nMichiitaii by way of the St. Joseph Ulver. Parknian ia the authority for the\\nttatement aburu given. It was while returnint from hia leooml Journey, In\\nI6r that [Hr iue(to piiu^ddown the St. Joaeph. IIiavl\u00c2\u00ablt to the aite of Chicago,\\nIn 107:1, w.ia uri loubtejly the first one made by a European.\\ntXhla name waa not auperaede.1 by the preaont one until about the year\\n17u:i.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "16\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nSlowly and patiently paddling their frail canoes along\\ntlie border of the lake, they reached a point about one\\nhundred and seventy-five miles from the mouth of the\\nSt. Joseph, within the bounds of the present county\\nof Leelenaw, and here, upon the wild and lonely coast,\\nsurrounded only by a few Indians and his fellow-voy-\\nagers, and distant a hundred miles from his beloved i\\nmission station, Marquette died. The time was even-\\ning, the day May 19, 1675. One account says\\nLeaving his men with the canoe he went a little\\nway apart to pray, they waiting for him. As much\\ntime passed and he did not return, they called to mind i\\nthat he had said something of his death being at hand, j\\nand anxiously went to seek him. They found him\\ndead where he had been praying he died. He was I\\nburied near the mouth of a little stream which was 1\\nafterward given, and, for many years, bore his name.\\nBut his bones were not to be long left in the desolate\\nsolitude where he died. They were disinterred in the\\nfollowing spring by some Ottawa Indians who had\\nbeen converted by him, and carried to St. Ignace,\\nwhere they were with due ceremony committed again\\nto the earth. The grave of the missionary and\\nexplorer long lost has been, in recent years, discovered\\nand marked with an appropriate monument, which\\nserves to remind the visitor to St. Ignace of the early\\nhistory of the Northwest, and of one of the foremost\\npioneers of France. The religious zeal and energy,\\nthe wonderful devotion and self-denial of the Jesuits,\\nwas finely exemplified in Father Marquette. He\\nsought nothing for himself; he dared all things for\\nthe church his whole being was merged in it. When\\nwarned of dangers that lay before him in the vast\\nwilderness, and urged to turn back, he replied that the\\nsalvation of souls was at stake, for which he would be\\noverjoyed to give his life. His mind was not influ-\\nenced by the important discovery of the Mississippi,\\nwhich opened up the great valley to the enterprise of\\nhis countrymen; but, said he, if ray perilous\\njourney had been attended with no other advantage\\nthan the salvation of one soul, I would think my\\nperil sufficiently rewarded.\\nFollowing Marquette carae two French explorers,\\ndiffering widely from him and from^ each other La\\nSalle and Hennepin.\\nRobert Chevalier Sieur de la Salle, the most\\nfamous explorer of the Northwest and of the\\nMississippi Valley, came to Canada in 1667, and en-\\ngaged in the fur trade. He had been educated under\\nthe Jesuits. He afterward publicly denounced and\\nwas very hostile toward the order, although he\\nremained a stanch supporter of the Catholic faith.\\nLa Salle s ambition was aroused by the discoveries\\nwhich Marquette and Joliet reported, and he resolved\\nto win renown for himself in the wild regions which\\nhad been the scenes of his predecessors exploits. He\\nheld to the quite popular opinion that the Mississippi\\nflowed west or southwest to the Pacific Ocean, afford-\\ning a passage by which China and Japan could be\\nconveniently reached from the New France. This\\noutlet of the great river he had an ambition to dis-\\ncover, and he w;is still further incited to become an\\nexplorer by visions of vast wealth, which he believed\\ncould be acquired in a monopoly of the fur trade with\\nthe Indian nations of the hitherto unknown interior.\\nObtaining the assistance of Frontenac, the Governor\\nGeneral of Canada, and the approval of his king,\\nhe immediately began preparations for his voyage.\\nIn September, 1678, La Salle met at Fort Fron-\\ntenac the Recollet Friar Hennepin, who was to be\\nhis co-laborer and rival, having received from his\\nsuperiors authority to take charge of the religious\\nconcerns of the expedition. On the 26th of January,\\n1679, at the mouth of the Cayuga Creek, on the\\nAmerican side of the Niagara, about six miles above\\nthe Falls, La S;ille laid the keel of the Griflin.*\\nUpon the 7th of August, 1679, the little barge was\\nready to sail, and with the singing of Te Beams and\\nthe discharge of arquebuses, she began her voyage.\\nHers was the first sail that cast a shadow upon the\\nwaters of Lake Erie, or that traversed the lakes be-\\nyond. Over the swelling billows of Erie, through\\nthe straits and the little lake, which La Salle named\\nSainte Claire,t and through Lake Huron to Michili-\\nraackinac, the voyagers sailed under pleasant skies\\nand with favoring winds, except during the last few\\non Huron, when they were troubled by a great\\nstorm, dreadful as those upon the sea.\\nLa Salle remained at Michilimackinac from the\\n27th of August until the latter part of September,\\nand founded there a fort. From Michilimackinac he\\nwent to Green Bay, and finding there a large quan-\\ntity of furs which had been collected by his men, he\\ndetermined to load the Griffin with them and send\\nher back to Niagara. L^pon the 18th of September,\\nthe little barque set sail for her return voyage, her\\ncrew having orders from La Salle to bring her back\\nwith all possible despatch, to meet him at the mouth\\nof the River of the Miamis (the St. Joseph). La Salle\\nhad now remaining a party of fourteen men, three\\nFriars, Hennepin, Membre and Ribourde. ten other\\nFrenchmen and a Mohican Indian, who had been em-\\nployed as a hunter. This little company, imme-\\ndiately after the departure of the Griffin, set out in\\ncanoes for the St. Joseph River, proceeding slowly\\n\u00e2\u0099\u00a6The name wm bestowed upon the veMel in honor of Frontenac In whoee\\ncrest the UrlOlu was a conspicuous 6]^ure. A carreJ Griffin adorned the prow\\nof the boat.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "IIISTOHV (\u00c2\u00bbK CASS CM)UNTY. MICIIKJAN.\\nsouthward along the western shore of Lake Michigan\\nthe same wild, deserted shore along which Mar-\\nquette had voyaged in 1675. Their progress was\\nslow as their canoes were heavily laden with merchan-\\ndise and provisions, arms, ammunition, implements of\\nlabor and a blacksmith s forge. At night, they\\nbivoucked on the bank of the lake. It was the mid-\\ndle of October before they reached the site of Chi-\\ncago, and the let of November when they arrived at\\nthe St. Joseph. Their journey had been made a\\nperilous one by the prevalance of storms, and once\\nthey met Indians who evinced hostility but they\\ncame in contact with others who were very friendly.\\nThey would doubtless have died of famine had it not\\nbeen for the liberality of the latter in supplying them\\nwith food. La Salle s men were anxious to push for-\\nward to the Illinois River, and it was with difBculty\\nthey could be restrained. The leader desired to make\\nthe mouth of the St. Joseph his base of operations\\non Lake Michigan, and there to await the coming of\\nTonti, his Lieutenant, from Michilimackinac, with a\\ncompany of twenty-one men. The same royal author-\\nity which had empowered him to prosecute his discov-\\neries, had given La Salle permission to build forts at\\nsuch points as he thought proper, in the country he\\nexplored. He decided to erect one at the mouth of\\nthe St. Joseph, while awaiting Tonti s arrival, and\\nimmediately began the work. The men who had at\\nfirst been mutinous, finally yielding to his will, when\\nthey found that neither persuasion nor threats could\\ninduce him to penetrate the country to the Illinois\\nvillages. The fort was a small stockade. La Salle\\nnamed it Fort Miamis, probably from the fact that the\\nMiami Indians were living in the region roundabout.\\nThis was the first French post established within the\\nlimits of the lower Peninsula of Michigan, although\\nseveral had been founded upon the opposite shores.\\nFort Miamis was nearly completed when, after the\\nlapse of three weeks from the time of La Salle s\\ncoming to the St. Joseph, Tonti arrived at the head\\nof a re-enforcing party. The entire force now con-\\nsisted of thirty-three men. On the 3d of December,\\nihey were mustered, ready for departure the fort was\\ndeserted, and the company embarking in canoes, made\\ntheir way slowly up the sinuous channel of the St.\\nJoseph, and thus was resumed the great voyage and\\nglorious undertaking of the ambitious La Salie. On\\nreaching the abrupt turn in the river near the s te of\\nSouth Bend, Ind., they crossed by way of the portage\\nwhich Marquette had traveled, to the Kankakee, and\\ndescending that stream, reached the Illinois. At the\\ncontiiience of the rivers, they found the clustering\\nvillages of the Illinois, but they were deserted, and\\nhence La Salle passed on to Peoria Lake. Here he\\nmet with many of the natives who received him with\\nfriendly manner. It was not long, however, before\\nthey grew suspicious, and threatened the safety of the\\nexplorers. It has been averred that Allouez, the\\nJesuit, who was then in the country, sent Ma.scou-\\ntin emissaries to them who prejudiced their minds\\nagainst La Salle by telling them that he was the\\nfriend of the Iroquois. His own men, too, become\\ndiscontented, and some of them deserted. Attempts\\nwere made to poison him. He was filled with anxiety\\nin regard to the fate of the Griffin, of which he had\\nreceived no intelligence since his departure from Green\\nBay, and he had a foreboding that he must soon turn\\nback and abandon for the time the prosecution of his\\ncherished plans. The fort which he built at the foot\\nof Peoria Lake he named Crevecceur (the Broken\\nHeart.)\\nBut in spite of the dangers, the difficulties and dis-\\ncouragements with which La Salle found himself sur-\\nrounded, it was very far from his purpose to relinquish\\nthe project of exploration. He set about building a\\nvessel to take the place of the Griffin, instructed Hen-\\nnepin to familiarize himself with the Illinois, left\\nTonti in command of the fort and started with a small\\nparty of men upon a journey of at least twelve hun-\\ndred miles on foot, through the wilderness, to Canada.\\nHe needed sails, rigging, and an anchor for the little\\nvessel of which he had laid the keel, and he had also\\nto procure additional means and enlist new men to\\naid him in carrying on his great project. This daring\\njourney of La Salle s led the indomitable explorer\\nthrough, or at least very near, to the territory now in-\\ncluded in the bounds of Cass County.\\nLa Salle, with four French companions and the\\nMohican hunter, who has been alluded to, left Fort\\nCrevecceur March 2, 1680, and arrived at Fort Miamis\\nthree weeks later. From this point they pursued as\\ndirect a route as possible to the Detroit River. They\\nwere the first white men who crossed the great penin-\\nsula from lake to lake. This stage of the now almost\\ninconceivable journey, made two hundred years ago,\\nis graphically described by Parkman, who translates\\nand paraphrases the French manuscript journal of La\\nSalle, entitled Relation des Decouverteg.\\nThey were detained, says he, till noon of the\\n2oth (of March) in making a raft to cross the St.\\nJoseph. Then they resumed their march, and as they\\nforced their way through the brambly thickets, their\\nclothes were torn, and their faces so covered with\\nblood, that they could hardly know each other,\\nGame was very scarce, and they grew faint with hun-\\nger. In two or three days, they reached a happier\\nregion. They shot deer, bears and turkeys in the\\nwoods, and fared sumptuously. But the reports of", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntheir guns fell on hostile ears. On the\\nevening of the 28th, as they lay around their fire,\\nunder the shelter of a forest, by the border of a prairie,\\nthe man on guard shouted an alarm. They sprang to\\ntheir feet, and each, with gun in hand, took his stand\\nbehind a tree, while yells and bowlings filled the s r-\\nrounding darkness. A band of Indians were urion\\nthem, but seeing them prepared, the cowardly assail-\\nants did not await to exchange a shot.\\nThe scene of this occurrence could not have been\\nfar from the northeast corner of Cass County. La\\nSalle had surely not progressed far from the mouth\\nof the St. Joseph in three and a half days. Allowing\\nthat he had made fifteen miles per day, which, consid-\\nering the season and the condition of the country, is a\\nliberal estimate, the explorer and his party would, by\\nthe time of this alarm, have penetrated the forest no\\nfurther than the dividing line of Cass and St. Joseph\\nCounties. It is not improbable that the prairie by\\nwhich the men were encamped, on the night of the\\n28th of March, was Prairie Ronde, in the southwest-\\nern corner of the present county of Kalamazoo, or it\\nmay possibly have been Little Prairie Ronde, in Vo-\\nlinia Township, Cass County.\\nParkman s account of the journey continues They\\ncrossed great meadows, overgrown with rank prairie\\ngrass, and set it on fire to hide the traces of their pass-\\nage. La Salle bethought himself of a device to keep\\ntheir skulking foes at a distance. On the trunks of\\ntrees, from which he had strippei the bark, he drew,\\nwith charcoal, the marks of an Iroquois war party,\\nwith the usual signs for prisoners and for scalps, hop-\\ning to delude his pursuers with the belief that he and\\nhis men were a band of those dreaded warriors. Tims\\nover snowy prairies and half frozen marshes, wading\\nsometimes to their waists in mud, water and bulrushes,\\nthey urged their way through the spongy, saturated\\nwilderness. During three successive days, they were\\naware that a party of savages were dogging their\\ntracks. They dared not make a fire at night, lest the\\nlight should betray them, but, hanging their wet clothes\\non the trees, they rolled themselves in their blankets\\nand slept together on piles of spruce and pine boughs.\\nBut the night of the 2d of April was excessively cold.\\nTheir clothes were hard frozen, and they were obliged\\nto kindle a fire to thaw and dry them. Scarcely had\\nthe light begun to glimmer through the gloom of the\\nevening when it was greeted from the distance by\\nmingled yells, and a troop of Mascoutin warriors\\nrushed toward them. They were stopped by a deep\\nstream, a hundred paces from the bivouac of the\\nFrench, and La Salle went forward to meet them.\\nNo sooner did they see him, and learn that he was a\\nFrenchman, than they cried that they were friends\\nand brothers, who had mistaken him and his men for\\nIroquois, and, abandoning their hostile purpose, they\\nwithdrew peacefully. Thus his device to avert danger\\nhad well-nigh proved the destruction of the whole\\nparty. Two days after this adventure, two of the\\nmen fell ill from fatigue and exposure, and sustained\\nthemselves with difficulty until they reached the banks\\nof a river, which was probably the Huron. Here the\\nsick men rested, and their companions made a canoe.\\nThere were no birch trees, and they were forced to\\nuse elm bark, which, at that early season, would not\\nslip freely from the wood until they loosened it with\\nhot water. Their canoe being made, they embarked\\nin it, and for a time floated prosperously down the\\nstream, when at length the way was barred by a\\nmatted barricade of trees fallen across the water.\\nThe sick men could now walk again, and pushing\\neastward through the forest, the party soon reached\\nthe banks of the Detroit.\\nCrossing the river upon a raft, the little company\\nmade their way through the woods to Lake Erie, along\\nthe north shore of which they passed, in a canoe, to\\nNiagara. From thence, with three fresh men. La\\n1 Salle proceeded to Fort Frontenac, where he arrived\\nj on the 6th of May. During sixty-five days (from the\\nj time he left Fort Crevecoeur, on Peoria Lake) he had\\ntraveled more than a thousand miles, through a wil-\\n1 derness inhabited only by wild beasts and wild men.\\nI At the foot of Lake Erie, on the spot where the Grif-\\nI fin was built, he learned of the loss of the vessel, with\\nI her cargo of furs, and also of the wreck of a ship from\\nFrance freighted with his merchandise. At Fron-\\nj tenac, he received other discouraging tidings. Pushing\\non to Montreal, additional misfortunes were thrust\\nJ upon his knowledge. His creditors had become im-\\nI patient and his property had been seized.\\nI The heart of La Salle remained resolute in spite of\\nI the complication of troubles which surrounded him.\\nI In spite of his impaired credit, he succeeded in\\nemyloying twenty-five men soldiers, voyageurs, ship-\\nbuilders and other mechanics and a surgeon, and was\\nable to purchase such supplies as he needed. Then he\\nset out upon the long, weary journey to the Illinois\\ncountry with the firm determination of now complet-\\ning the work he had been compelled to abandon in the\\nspring and of realizing the great project to which he\\nhad dedicated his energies and his life the explora-\\ntion of the Mississippi. At the very outset he received\\nnews of appalling nature. When he reached Fort\\nFrontenac, he found a letter from Tonti awaiting him,\\nin which the faithful Italian lieutenant stated that\\nnearly all the men left with him at Fort Crevecoeur\\nhad deserted, after destroying the fort, that they had\\ni Dlscoytrr of the Gr\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00abt West, pp. 179-181.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n19\\nalso razed to the ground Fort Miamis, and then going\\nto Michilimackinac had seized La Salle s property,\\nand left for the East with the avowed purpose of\\ntaking their master s life should they meet him upon\\nthe lakes. Almost any other heart than La Salle s\\nwould have been crushed by this last information, but\\nhe was not to be deterred from his purpose, even by\\nthe complete destruction of all that his past labors\\nhad accomplished. He set out upon Lake Ontario,\\nmet a party of the treacherous villains, boldly attacked\\nthem, killed several and took the others as prisoners\\nto Frontenac, there to await such sentence as the\\nGovernor should think proper to pronounce upon\\nthem. Again, he set his face toward the West. He left\\nFrontenac on the 10th of August, and, upon the ith of\\nNovember, was at the mouth of the St. Joseph. The\\nruins of the fort corroborated what Tonti had written\\nhim. He pressed forward, by way of the St. Joseph\\nand the Kan-ka-kee to the Illinois River. Passing\\nby the ruined Fort Crevecoeur, he followed the Illi-\\nnois to its mouth, and beheld for the first time the\\nmighty Father of Waters. But this moment which\\nLa Salle had looked forward to through all his trials\\nwith the liveliest anticipations, brought little of joy\\nto him. Ilis mind was filled with anxiety in regard\\nto Tonti and Hennepin. He conjectured that the\\nlatter was upon the Upper Mississippi (for he had\\ninstructed him to explore that river to the northward\\nas well as to traverse the Illinois), but Tonti, to whom\\nhe had been warmly attached, he feared had met with\\ndeath. Along the Illinois he had found terrible\\ndestruction. The Iroquois had made an invasion of\\nthe country, and the villages of their enemies were\\nnow only blackened ruins amidst which lay the bones\\nof hundreds of Illinois victims. He not unnaturally\\nsupposed that his lieutenant had met with the same\\nterrible fate which had overtaken his Indian friends.\\nTonti had, in fact, been captured by the fierce Iro-\\nquois, and, narrowly escaping death, and passing\\nthrough many vicissitudes, finally made his way to\\nMichilimackinac, where La Salle met him in June,\\n1681.\\nIn the meantime, however, the great explorer was\\nignorant of his whereabouts and even of his existence.\\nAgain we find La Salle upon the St. Joseph. He\\nreturned there from the Illinois in January, 1681. A\\nsmall party of men, whom he had left at the mouth of\\nthe river in charge of stores in November, re-enforced\\nby a number of the original force who had been left\\nat Michiliraacinac in all eighteen souls under\\ncommand of Sieur de la Forest, had rebuilt Fort\\nMiamis, cleared a considerable space around it for\\nplanting in the following spring, and had made a\\nsaw-pit from which they had turned out nearly all of\\nthe timber and planks necessary for the construction\\nof a vessel. Here, at the mouth of the St. Joseph,\\ntwo centuries ago, was presented the first well-defined\\npicture of civilization in what is now the Lower Penin-\\nsula of the State of Michigan the home of nearly a\\nmillion and a-half of people. The little stockade was\\nthe abiding-place of twenty-five white men during the\\nwinter of 1680-81. Near by was a group of Indian\\nwigwams occupied by Mohicans and Abenakis, who,\\ndriven from their ancestral lands near the Atlantic,\\nhad sought a refuge in the Far West, and located for\\nthe winter under the protection of the French fort.\\nThe winter months passed slowly and without notable\\nincident. Preparations were made for resuming ex-\\nploration in the spring. The master and leading\\nspirit of the company employed the days and nights\\nin devising plans for future action, and in speculating\\nupon the attainment of the end for which he had\\nstriven. He might, says Parkman, have brooded\\non the redoubled ruin that had befallen him the\\ndesponding friends, the exulting foes, the wasted\\nenergies, the crushing load of debt, the stormy past,\\nthe black and lowering future. But his mind was of\\na diff erent temper. He had no thought but to grap-\\nple with adversity, and out of the fragments of his\\nruin to rear the fabric of a triumphant success.\\nWhen the first of March came, although there waa\\nstill snow upon the ground, La Salle, with nineteen\\nmen, started on a mission to the Illinois Indians, to\\ninduce them to make peace with the other tribes and\\nto locate in the region about Fort Crevecoeur (or its\\nsite) under French protection. Accomplishing the\\nobject he sought, the party returned to Fort Miamis.\\nAn expedition for a similar purpose was made later\\nin the spring to the great village of the Miamis on\\nthe portage between the St. Joseph and the Kanka-\\nkee. The conference with the Miamis was success-\\nful, and La Salle congratulated himself on having\\nwon the friendship of the two most powerful tribes\\nthrough whose country he must pass to the Missis-\\nsippi. But before commencing his great undertaking\\nhe had to return again to Montreal. The long,\\nweary journey was made, and in November, 1681,\\nLa Salle returned to Fort Miamis, accompanied by\\nTonti, whom he had found in June at Michilimack-\\ninac. A month was spent at the mouth of the St.\\nJoseph in preparation for the great expedition.\\nThis spot must ever retain an interest as the scene\\nof La Salle s frequent visits, the place at which he\\npassed most of his time in the Northwest, and where\\nthis daring but unfortunate explorer, the chief of the\\npioneers of France in Americi matured the project\\nwhich led him to the mouth of the majestic river.\\nOn the 21st of December, the first detachment of", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthe exploring company commanded by Tonti left\\nFort Miamis, coasted along the south shore of the lake,\\nand landed at the mouth of the Chicago River. There\\nthey were joined in a few days by the remainder of the\\nforce under La Salle. They reached the Mississippi\\non the 6th of February, and on the 6th of April, 1682,\\nafter many adventures, La Salle discovered the three\\npassages by which the Father of Waters debouches\\ninto the Gulf of Mexico. On the 9th, in sight of the\\nblue expanse of the sea, with great pomp and cere-\\nmony, in the name of Louis XIV, King of France,\\nhe took possession of all the lands watered by the\\ngreat river, bestowing upon the vast region the name\\nof Louisiana.\\nLi September, La Salle reached and descended the\\nSt. Joseph River on his way to Montreal (as he\\nsupposed), it being his intention to return to IT ranee,\\nbut at Michilimackinac he received tidings which\\nturned him back to the Illinois country.\\nOnce more he ascended the St. Joseph late in\\nthe fall of 1682 and this was destined to be his last\\nview of the beautiful sinuous stream with whose gentle\\nmeanders and forest-clad banks he had become so\\nfamiliar. He returned to Lake Michigan in the fall\\nof 1683, but by way of the Chicago portage, journeyed\\nto Quebec, and from there sailed to France. He never\\nagain visited the northern region of America, but he\\nmade an expedition to the Gulf of Mexico, landed in\\nTexas, and was there basely assassinated by some of\\nhis own men on the 19th of March, 1687.\\nIt does not appear that Fort Miamis was regularly\\noccupied either as a military post or a base of supply\\nby the French, after La Salle s final departure.* Com-\\nparatively little is known of the history of the French\\nin this immediate region during the century following\\nLa Salle s explorations. In a subsequent chapter, we\\nahall lay before the reader what information we have\\nfrom various sources upon the mission of St. Joseph\\nlocated at Fort Miamis about the beginning of the\\neighteenth century, and in the meantime conclude this\\nchapter with a rapidly drawn outline of the French\\noccupation of Michigan.\\nThe Mission of St. Ignace was founded at the\\nStraits of Michilimackinac in 1671. The surround-\\ning region was known by the latter name, and the\\nsame appellation was given to the military post estab-\\nlished there in 1680 a post which became one of the\\nmost important in the whole lake region. Up to this\\ntime, no French garrison had been established upon\\nthe Detroit River, although the eligibility of the loca-\\ntion had long before been noted by explorers, and the\\nproject of founding a settlement discussed by several\\nof the Governors of New France. In 1686, Greysolon\\nde Lhut, at that time commandant of Michilimackinac,\\nwas ordered by Gov. Gen. Denonville to establish a\\nfortified post on d etroit, near Lake Erie. De\\nLhut, however, used his own discretion in so far that\\nhe located the post near the foot of Lake Huron\\n(where Fort Gratiot was built in 1814, by an Ameri-\\ncan officer). Two years after it was built, this fort,\\nwhich was named St. Joseph, f was evacuated and\\nburned by Baron La Hontan, who succeeded De Lhut\\nas its commandant. Soon after Fort Detroit was built\\nupon the eastern shore of the lake, but, like Fort St.\\nJoseph, it soon passed out of existence, and now no\\nman knows exactly where it stood.\\nIt is probable that about this time a few French-\\nmen located on the Detroit River, on or near the site\\nof the future city, but they were not permanent set-\\ntlers. If there was any structure like a fort there, it\\nmust have been merely a post of the Coureurs des bois\\nand not recognized by the government. One reason\\nwhy the French had not built a stockade and located\\na garrison at this commanding point was because they\\nhad, in the Ottawa River, a more direct] route from\\nMontreal to Michilimackinac, and the upper lakes than\\nthe Straits and Lake St. Clair afforded. Some time in\\nthe year 1700, Antoine de la Motte Cadillac, who\\nhad become, in 1694, the commandant at Michili-\\nmackinac, recognized the fact, as others had before\\nhim, that the Detroit was the gateway in the direct\\nroute between the English Colonies and the Iroquois\\ncountry on the one side, and the western lakes on the\\nother, and that, however little the French themselves\\nmight need the strait, it was necessary that they\\nshould guard it against their allied enemies. Cadillac\\nwent to France to procure the full measure of author-\\nity, which he wanted, and, obtaining it, returned to\\nCanada in March, 1701. On the 24th of July, in\\nthe same year, he arrived at the site of Detroit, then\\noccupied by an Indian village, t and there founded the\\nfirst permanent settlement in Michigan. It was the\\nplan of Cadillac to gather all of the Indians of the\\nlake region about Detroit, for purposes of trade, and\\nhe was largely successful, although his efforts were\\nstrongly opposed by the Jesuit influence. The com-\\npany which formed the settlement at Detroit con-\\nsisted of about fifty soldiers and as many Canadian\\nmerchants and mechanics, a Jesuit who went out as a\\nmissionary to the Indians, and a RecoUet priest who\\n*Sorao writers have stated that Fort Miamis was maintained as a French\\npost up to the time or the ReTuiutionarjr war. Tliis is a manifest error. There\\nWAS no ftarrison at the month of the St Joseph when Charlevoix visited the\\nspot in 17 1. II had been removed, s.ys Judge C.mpbeli in his OuUlnea of\\nqislory, to Soatb Be\\ntks year 1700.\\nSoatb Bead. The Jesuit mlsaion of St. Joseph\\nipbeli in\\nfounded about\\ndonbtlen to the fiict that the latter was on the St. Joseph River.\\nIThls wa a Buron village, and w u called Teuch a Orondie (or l^j agh.mgh-\\nron.diel. It was probabljr established as earl/ as 1659, hut not permanentljr\\noccupied.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n21\\nwas Chaplain. Under Cadillac, the principal officer\\nwas Alphonse de Tonti, a brother of Henri de Tonti,\\nthe companion of La Salle. A fort was erected and\\nnamed after the French Minister, Fort Pontchartrain.\\nDetroit immediately became, and long remained, a\\npost of large commercial consequence, and under the\\npatronage of the Company of the Colony of Can-\\nada, an organization which ha l, by royal authority,\\na monopoly of the fur trade, it was in fact the center\\nof commerce in the great Northwest. Five years\\nafter it was established, over two thousand Indians\\nwere living in the vicinity of Detroit. In 1712, it j\\nbecame the scene of terrible carnage. In the absence\\nof the friendly Indians, the Foxes and Mascoutins be-\\nsieged the garrison, which was, at that time, under\\ncommand of M. du Buisson, and were in turn be-\\nsieged by the allies of the French when they returned,\\nand upward of a thousand of their number killed, the\\nmassacre being attended with circumstances of the\\nmost horrible atrocity.\\nAbout the time that Detroit was settled, the mouth\\nof the St. Joseph, where La Salle and his followers\\nhad so often been, and where they passed one long,\\ndreary winter, again became the scene of French\\nactivity. The Miarais, who left the country in 1681,\\nreturned about ten years later, and the Jesuits, ever\\nzealous to make proselytes of the natives, soon after\\nestablished among them the mission of St. Joseph. It\\nis probable that, at the same time, the name St.\\nJoseph was bestowed upon the river which, in the\\nearlier period of French exploration, had been called\\nthe River of the Miamis. The exact date of the\\nfounding of the mission is not known, but most\\nwriters place it in the year 1700.* The earliest men-\\ntion of it that has been discovered occurs in a letter\\nfrom the Jesuit. Joseph T. Marest, to the Governor\\nGeneral of Canada, dated Michilimackinac, August\\n16, 1706. After mentioning a plot of the Ottawas\\n(which had been temporarily frustrated) for a joint\\nattack with the Sacs and Foxes upon the Miamis of\\nthe St. Joseph, the writer says I asked the savages\\nif I could send a canoe manned with Frenchman to\\nthe River St. Joseph with any degree of safety. They\\nreplied that I could, and urged me to do so, seeming\\nto take an interest in the fathers who are there. The\\ntruth is, they do not feel at liberty to make war upon\\nthe Miamis, while the rr.isionaries remain there, and\\nfor that reason would prefer that they should come to\\nus. I had previously engaged some Frenchmen to\\ncarry the news to the River St. Joseph, and to relieve\\nclearly Hn orror. LaStllri\\ntliftt he fuiind the placo hod ernr be\\nStiloi ImI tail fullowon and (1678) t\\nlainn wu OTtablldhed bj CUude Allonez\\ncountry as early as 17ii5. Thin l very\\n^e liny mention which wnuld indicate\\nh^lilled. Parlioian laya Here he La\\n1 fun, and here u afttr gtan the Jeeuila\\nI our fathers if they were in any difficulty but one of\\nI them has been so much intimidated by the represen-\\nI tations of his friends that he dare not trust himself\\namong the savages.\\nAs affairs areat present, I do not think the removal\\nof the fathers is advisable for that (St. Joseph) is the\\nmost important post in all this region, except Michili-\\nmackinac and if the Ottawas were relieved from the\\nexistence of the mission, they would unite so many\\ntribes against the Miamis that in a short time they\\nwould drive them from this fine country. j\\nhave at last found another Frenchman who is willing\\nto go to the River St. Joseph, and I hope the four will\\nnow depart immediately. We have reason to feel\\nanxious concerning the safety of the Fathers on\\naccount of so many war parties going down on that\\nside. At last we shall have news from St. Joseph\\nunless our men find too many dangers in the way.\\nThe Miamis abandoned the St. Joseph Valley and\\nthe country contiguous to the head of Lake Michigan\\nin 1707, and it is probable that the Pottawatomies\\nwho succeeded them in its occupation came very soon\\nafter their departure. The Jesuit mission was con-\\ntinued among the Pottawatomies. In 1712, it was\\nreported by Father Marest as being in a very flour-\\nishing condition and the most important mission on\\nthe lakes, except Michilimackinac. Its condition,. one\\nmight judge from these words, was as favorable in\\n1712 among the Pottawatomies as in 1706 among\\nthe Miamis. It had probably been continued without\\nany intermission. A military post, too, had by this\\ntime been established at St. Joseph, and a little colony\\nof Canadian traders had an existence under the pro-\\ntection of the soldiery, and its members doubtless did\\nmore toward degrading the Indians than the pious\\nJesuits did toward their elevation. The Pottawato-\\nmies, however, were as a nation more tractable and\\nmore inclined to profit by religious teachings than\\nwere the Miamis, or, for that matter, any of the other\\ntribes of the Northwest. Years after the Jesuits left\\nthem, and, in fact, down to the time when the tribe\\nemigrated to the far West, a large number of them,\\nincluding some of the chiefs, remained earnest adher-\\nents to the faith their ancestors had learned of the\\nJesuits at the old mission of St. Joseph.*\\nThe Jesuits had another mission upon the St. Jo-\\nseph River, near the southern limits of the city of\\nNiles. It was established prior to 1721, for Charle-\\nvoix mentions a visit which he made to it in that year.\\nFurther than this, there is no authentic information in\\nregard to this missionary station, although there are\\nsome quite circumstantial pretended accounts of it in\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Th PciltawatuniiM living io Can and Van Buren Cunnliea, and In\\nNorthern IndUna are, at Uiia day, with acarcely an excepUon, momben of the\\nBoman Caihulic Church.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nexistence, and many vague and entirely untrustworthy\\ntraditions afloat.* It is probable that the mission on\\nthe site of Niles was not continued for a very long\\nperiod. No allusions are made in the official docu-\\nments of the time to its existence, though the mission\\nof St. Joseph is frequently mentioned. But little\\nremains to be said of the French occupation of the\\nnorthern lake region. Nothing of great importance\\nconcerning the peninsula occurred during the period\\nembracing the first half of the eighteenth century.\\nThe several missions were zealously supported, a vast\\ntraffic with the Indians was carried on, and, in 1749,\\nquite a number of French agricultural settlers, en-\\ncouraged by grants of land, located on the banks of\\nthe Detroit. Their number did not, however, exceed\\ntwenty-five hundred in 1761 and there were no other\\npoints of settlement in the Lower Peninsula of\\nMichigan except the military establishments and\\nthe missions. These were merely minute dots of\\ncivilization upon the border of an unknown wilder-\\nness, in which the savage roamed free, as he had for\\ncenturies before. France had won a vast though a\\ntransient dominion. It was destined that the Briton\\nshould rule the land the Gaul had found that the\\nstandard of the lion should supplant the lilies and the\\ncross. Already the forces were in operation which\\nwere to eflect this result and to mold the future of a\\ncontinent.\\nCHAPTER in.\\nCONTEST FOR POSSESSION.\\nGreat Britain Succeeds France in Domination of tlie Nortliwest\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nMichigan Posts Occupied by tlie Britisli\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Treaty of 17G3\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hatred\\nof the Western Tribes Aroused\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tliey are Craftily Encouraged in\\ntlieir Enmity by tlie French\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pontiac s Conspiracy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Potta-\\nwatomies join the League\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Siege of Detroit\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Miissacre of the Gar-\\nrison at Fort St. .Joseph\u00e2\u0080\u0094 An Exploit of the Tribe of Topinabe\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nIndians Propitiated by the British\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Quebec Bill\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Little Ac-\\ncomplished During a Century of French and British Occupation\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe Revolutionary War\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Comiuest of the Northwest by George\\nRogers Clark\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Evacuation of Detroit.\\nnnHE contest between France and England for\\nJ- supremacy on American soil was appealed to\\nthe arbitrament of the sword and settled as have been\\n80 many other important issues, in blood.\\nThe two great powers had transferred their hatred\\nfrom the Old World to the New, and the course of\\ncircumstances was such as to develop an armed\\nhostility. The war of 1754-60 practically terminated\\nFrench dominion in America. Braddock s defeat\\nwas avenged by the British when Wolfe gained his\\ngreat victory over the French upon the Plains of\\nThe last inicM of a small circular earthwork are remiining at Niles, and\\nthe prevailinK l^cal npiniun is thai this au-called fori, which snmebrKly has\\ngiven the nsnit* of Fort Oola, was of French a^nstruction. The French bnilt\\nno earthworks in the Indian country their forts were all stockades. Fort\\nOola, of which the full outlines were plainly discernihie when the pioneers came\\ninto the country, undoubtedly belongs to the pre-historic period.\\nAbraham in 1759. Quebec fell in the same year,\\nand Montreal on the 8th of September, 1760. On\\nthe 29th of November, Detroit was surrendered to\\nCapt. Robert Rogers and the red cross of St. George\\nwas raised for the first time upon the soil of Michi-\\ngan.\\nThe French were not immediately called upon to\\nsurrender their other points of pos.session in the West\\nfor the reason that the weather became so cold that it\\nwas impracticable for the English troops to make thalr\\nway over Lake Huron. Early in August, 1761,\\nhowever, three hundred men of the Royal Ameri-\\nj cans His Majesty s Sixtieth Regiment command-\\nj ed by Lieutenant Leslie, reached Michilimackinac\\nand took possession in the name of the King of\\n1 England. A few days later a smaller detachment\\narrived at the St. Joseph River and occupied the fort\\nat its mouth, over which the Bourbon flag had floated\\nfor more than fifty years during the second period\\nI of French occupation at this point.\\nThe treaty by which France formally ceded to\\ni England all of her possessions in America was made\\nin Paris in 1763. The peace which it was hoped\\nthis instrument would secure to the scattered inhabit-\\ni ants of the Northwest was rudely broken even before\\nthe treaty was promulgated a fact for which the\\nFrench in the New World were in ;i large measure\\nI accountable.\\nThe change in the ownership of the soil was at-\\nI tended by no immediate good results, but on the\\nI contrary by many evil ones. Most of the French\\nj traders left the country with the French soldiers, and\\ntheir places were quickly filled by Englishmen.\\nNeither the English officers nor the commercial ad-\\nventurers who accompanied their march into the West\\nwere calculated to win the friendship of the savages.\\nj The soldiers treated them with rude contempt, and as\\nvagabonds. The same line of conduct which had\\nI estranged the Iroquois (the allies of the English since\\ni the time of Champlain) so that they refused to aid\\nBraddock in 1755, very soon aroused the hatred of\\nthe Western tribes. Whatever cause of grievance\\nthey omitted was supplied by the traders. Many\\nI of these, according to Parkman, were ruffians of the\\ncoarsest stamp, who vied with each other in rapacity,\\nviolence and profligacy. They cheated, cursed and\\nplundered the Indians, and outraged their families,\\noff ering, when compared with the French traders, a\\nmost unfavorable example of the character of their\\nnation.\\nThe seeds of disaffection were widely sown. The\\nPottawatomies, the Chippewas and the Ojibways, were\\nready and eager to enter into the conspiracy proposed\\nI by the crafty and powerful Ottawa Chief Pontiac, who", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwas also the leader and head of the confederacy, com-\\nposed of the several tribes mentioned. His plan was\\nto unite the several tribes of the Northwest, and, by a\\npreconcerted signal, fall upon all of the British posts\\nsimultaneously, massacre the garrisons and destroy the\\nforts, and so prepare for the return of the French, i\\nThe French Canadians craftily encouraged the savages i\\nby informing them that already the armies of King\\nLouis were advancing to reclaim their lost possession.\\nIn the autumn of 1762, Pontiac sent messengers to i\\nthe various nations, disclosing his plan, and inviting\\nthem to join the league. The Pottawatomies who,\\nat this time, had their principal population in the\\ncountry along the St. Joseph and Kalamazoo Rivers,\\nlent a willing assent to Pontiac s request. Emmissa-\\nries were dispatched to far-distant nations, and these,\\nin turn, sent representatives to a great council, ap-\\npointed by the leader, at the River Ecorces, near De- i\\ntroit, in April, 1763. The plan of the campaign in j\\ngeneral was here arranged, and the details were per- I\\nfected at a subsequent gathering, held at a Pottawato-\\nmie village. The posts to be assaulted were Niagara,\\nPresque Isle, Le Boeuf, Venango, Du Quesne (now\\nPittsburgh) Ouiatenon, Detroit, Michilimackinac,\\nSault Ste. Marie, Green Bay and St. Joseph, a chain\\nextending along more than twelve hundred miles of\\nfrontier. There was gathered together for this pur-\\npose a vast concourse of Indian warriors from the\\nMichigan Peninsulas, from Lake Superior, from the\\nregion beyond Lake Michigan, from the Ottawa\\nRiver of Canada, and even from the Lower Mississippi\\nValley. So perfect was Pontiac s plan, and so well\\ncarried out by the allied tribes, that nine of the posts\\nfell into their possession, and only three escaped\\nNiagara, Pittsburgh and Detroit. The time set for\\nthe attack was May. On the 7th of that month, Pon-\\ntiac and a number of lesser chiefs presented them-\\nselves at thd gates of Fort Detroit, and requested ad-\\nmission, saying that they had come to hold a council\\nwith the commandant. Under the blanket of each\\nwas concealed a tomahawk and a gun, the barrel of\\nwhich had been filed off short, that it might be more\\neffectually hid. It was arranged that at a precon-\\ncerted signal, the warriors in the council house were\\nto throw off their disguise and massacre the officers,\\nand that as soon as the first shot was heard, the Indians\\noutside the fort should rush in and massacre the\\nentire garrison. The chiefs were admitted, but they\\nwere chagrined to find that knowledge of their treacher-\\nous scheme had been communicated to the command-\\nant. Maj. Gladwyn, and that the most thorough\\npreparations had been made to prevent a surprise.\\nThe garrison was under arms, the cannoneers stood\\nby their guns, and the officers who met them in the\\ncouncil house had swords and pistols at their sides.\\nAfter a short and hollow harangue with Maj. Glad-\\nwyn, Pontiac and his companions, baffled in the accom-\\nplishment of their dastardly design withdrew. It is\\ntraditionally asserted that the British officer in charge\\nhad been warned of his danger by an Ojibway girl,\\nwho lived at the Pottawatomie village, where the\\nchiefs had been in conference.\\nThe rage of the discomfited Indians was unbounded.\\nThey resolved to make an oRea attack, and on the 10th\\nof May 800 warriors surrourtded the little fort, and\\nassaulted it with all of the fierceness of which they\\nwere capable. The battle raged from dawn to dark,\\nand it seemed as if the garrison must inevitably be\\novercome. The British, however, resisted success-\\nfully, and, thwarted again, Pontiac determined upon\\nbesieging the fort and compelling it* inmates to sur-\\nrender. The siege was continued five months, and\\nduring that time several assaults were made, which\\nthe garrison received as a great roek does the waves\\nof the sea.\\nThe Pottawatomies were present at the first attack\\nof Detroit, and during the early stage of the siege, in\\nlarge numbers. They fought under their chief, Ninav6,\\nand were given a post of honor in the battle. After\\nthe unsuccessful attack, they were assigned to the de-\\nstruction of Fort St. Joseph, in their own country,\\nand, with their thirst for blood intensified by their\\nrepulse at Detroit, the wolfish horde went trooping\\nthrough the wilderness to accomplish the destruction\\nof the weaker post. The day fixed upon for the mas-\\nsacre of the little garrison was the 25th of May. On\\nthe morning of that day, the commandment of St.\\nJoseph, Ensign Schlosser, was informed that a band\\nof Pottawatomies had arrived from Detroit upon a visit\\nto the members of the tribe in the vicinity. Probably\\nhe believed this story, and felt no uneasiness for the\\nsafety of the garrison. All accounts agree that he\\nwas taken completely by surprise. Not long after he\\nhad heard of the presence of the Indians in the neigh-\\nborhood, Schlosser was visited by the chief Washash^\\nand a few others of the tribe, who announced that they\\nhad come for a friendly talk with the white chief.\\nWhile he was engaged in conversation with them, a\\nCanadian (who lived in the little settlement founded,\\nunder the protection of the fort, in 1712) came to him\\nwith the startling intelligence that the stockade was\\nentirely surrounded with Indians, and that their man-\\nner indicated impending trouble. He quickly gave\\norders to his men to fall in instantly, with their arms,\\nand returned to the parade ground. During his brief\\nabsence, more Indians had assembled here, and quite\\na number of tho Canadians had also come in. The\\nlatter the commandant endeavored to press into his", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "HISTOHV OK CASS CtHNTV. MICHIGAN.\\nservice, but while he was talking to them, the dreadful\\nwar-whoop was heard, and a scene of carnage quickly\\nensueil. The garrison numbered only fourteen men,\\nand i\\\\ uld offer no adequate resistance to the horde of\\nsavages by which they were surrounded. Eleven men\\nwere killed and scalped, and the remaining three,\\nwith Schlosser, were taken prisoners, securely bound,\\nand afterward taken to Detroit, where they were finally\\ne.xchangeil for some Pottawatomies whom Maj. Glad-\\nwyn had captured at the commencement of the siege.\\nWith the massacre of its garrison in 1763, the history\\nof Fort St. Joseph ^originally Fort Miamis) is practi-\\ncally closeii. There is no proof that the British again\\noccupieil it as a military post, although the forts at\\nGreen Bay and Michilimackinac, which suftered the\\nsame fate during the conspiracy of Pontiac, were sub-\\nsequently re-established.\\nThe trading-post at Fort St. Joseph was, at the\\ntime of the m.issacre, owneil by one Richard Winston.\\nHe escaped death, as did also several others besides\\nthe Canadians. The trading-post passed out of exist-\\nence when the garrison fell, and was probably not\\nre-opened.*\\nThe massacre of the garrison at Fort St. Joseph,\\nthe only event of the Pontiac conspiracy in South-\\nwestern Michigan, was the chief exploit of the Potta-\\nwatomie Indians. Soon af^er, they, with the Wyan-\\ndots, pretended to withdraw from the league which\\nPontiac commanded, and suetl for peace, which was\\ngrantetl them by Maj. Gladwyn at Detroit. In ac-\\ncordance with their treacherous natures, however, they\\nstill continued inimical to the British, aided in the\\nattack on the force of Capt. Dalzell, which was march-\\ning to the relief of Detroit, took j art in the slaughter\\nat Blooiiy Run, on the last of July, and, a month\\nlater, were among the savages who made an assault\\non the schooner Gladwyn. In the last-mentioned\\nengagement they suffered severe loss, and it was prob-\\nably their last fight during the siege.\\nThe war had been a severe one for the British, but\\ndisastrous to the plans of Pontiac. At its close, the\\nEnglish endeavored to bring about such a condition of\\naffairs as would preclude the possibility of recurrence\\nof hostilities. The French settlers in the West who had\\nincited the Indians to war, and in some instances aided\\nthem in carrying it on, although they had sworn\\nallegiance to the British crown, were treated with\\nmuch greater magnanimity than their treachery merited.\\nA policy of pacification toward the Indians of the\\nNorthwest was adopted, and the friendship of most of\\ni*Miri rik\u00c2\u00abr\u00c2\u00abi\u00c2\u00ab\\nthe tribes was won by their late enemy. George\\nCroghan, a man familiar with Indian character, was\\nsent to the West to confer with representatives of the\\nseveral nations. He reached Detroit August 7,1765.\\nThe Indians were ready to accept the offers of peace,\\nand the propitiatory presents which the emissary of\\nSir William Johnson brought to them. Parkinan\\nspeaks particularly of a band of Pottawatomies who\\nwere present, and whose wise man, after hearing\\nCroghan s reasoning, (intended tosoften their antipathy\\nto the English, and to expose the falsehoods of the\\nFrench), thus delivered himself: We are no more\\nthan wild creatures to you, fathers in understanding\\ntherefore, we request you to forgive the past follies of\\nour young people, and receive us for your children.\\nSince you have thrown down our former father (the\\nFrench), upon his back, we have been wandering in\\nthe dark like blind people. Now you have dispersed\\nall this darkness which hung over the heads of the\\nseveral tribes, and have accepted them for your\\nchildren, we hope you will let us partake with them\\nthe light, that our women and children may enjoy\\npeace. We beg you to forget all that is past. By\\nthis belt we remove all evil thoughts that are in your\\nhearts. Fathers, when we formerly came to visit our\\nfathers, the French, they alwttys sent us home joyful,\\nand we hope that you fathers will have pity on our\\nwomen and young men who are in great want of\\nnecessaries, and not let us go home to our towns\\nashamed.\\nThis craven, begging speech, delivered by a chief\\nof the tribe which had massacred the garrison at St.\\nJoseph, and had an active hand in nearly all of the\\natrocities of the Pontiac war, serves well to illustrate\\none phase of the Indian character a phase exhibited\\nin common by the Pottawatomies and all other tribes.\\nFrom the time of the British accession until 1774,\\ncivil law had no existence in the western portion of\\nthe great territory the French had been forced to\\nrelinquish. Martial law was exercised, and Detroit\\nwas the seat of the ruling power. In 1774, however,\\nthe British Parliament passed what was known as the\\nQuebec Bill. By this act. Michigan and all of the\\nlands northwest of the Ohio, and between the great\\nlakes and the Mississippi, was made a part of Canada.\\nSir Henry Hamilton was made Lieutenant Governor,\\nand was in command at Detroit, which was the British\\nheadquarters for the Northwest from 1744 until 1779,\\nwhen he was captured by Gen. George Rogers Clark,\\nat Vincennes, on the Wabash.\\nOne hundred years of French and British domi-\\nnation witnessed little progress in the condition of\\nthe great Northwest. In 1780, it was essentially\\nwhat it had been a century b\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00bbfore in the time of La", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n25\\nSalle. It was to form a magnificent portion in the\\nheritage of, and to be developed bv, the young, strong,\\nexpansive nation born amidst the throes of the Revo-\\nlution. The period of the war from 1775 to 1783\\nwhile crowdef] with results of the most rital impor-\\ntance as affecting the future of this region, was not a\\nperiod rich in events within it. There was one, how-\\never, of immeasurable conse^juence. We refer to the\\nconquest of the countrj by Gen. George Rogers\\nClark, of Kentucky, under the authority of the Com-\\nmonwealth of Virginia. The man who was to take\\nso prominent a part in shaping the destiny of the\\ngreat West, was in 1774 an officer in the army of\\nLord Dunmore, which marched against the Indians in\\nOhio, and in 1776 was a pioneer settler in Kentucky.\\nHe was a realization of the ideal soldier cool, cour-\\nageous and sagacious, and perhaps at that time the\\nmost powerful and certainly the most picturesf^uc\\ncharacter in the West. It was his foresight and\\nprompt, efficient action, which, at the close of the\\nRevolutionary war. made the lands between the great\\nlakes, the Ohio and the Mississippi, a portion of the\\nUnited States instead of leaving it in the possession\\nof the British. He foresaw that even should the\\ncolonies be victorious in their war for independence,\\nthey might be confined to the Eastern side of the\\nAUeghanies, unless the West was made a special field\\nof conquest. He failed to interest the House of\\nBurgesses in his scheme, but obtained from Patrick\\nHenry, Governor of Virginia, the authority which he\\nneeded to carry out his plans, viz., commissions which\\nemjwwered him to raise seven companies of soldiers,\\nand to seize the British posts in the Northwest. In\\nJanuary, 1778. he was at Pittsburgh securing ammuni-\\ntion and provisions in June, he was marching through\\nan unbroken forest, at the head of a small, but valiant\\narmy, principally composed of his fellow pioneers\\nfrom Kentucky. His march was directed toward the\\nIllinois country. His able generalship and courige\\nsoon placed the garrisons of Cahokia, Kaskaskia\\nand St. Vincent in his possession, and his equally\\ngreat tact enabled him to win over the French inhabit,\\nants to the American cause, and make of them warm\\nallies. And thus the vast country afterward known\\nas the Northwest Territory was won. Its cession by\\ntreaty to the United States, or rather the old confed-\\neration on September 3, 1783, was due, says an\\neminent authority, mainly to the foresight, the\\ncourage and endurance of one man who never received\\nfrom his country an adequate recognition of his great\\nservice.\\nThe treaty was formally ratified by the American\\nCongress on the 14th of January, 1784.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2JuiM A. GarikeU in UMoricsl mUnrn d\u00c2\u00abliTn\u00c2\u00abd tn 1873.\\nNotwithstanding the nature of the treaty provis-\\nions, the British for a number of years retained pos-\\nsession of several posts within the ceded territory\\nOswegatchie Ogdensbnrg). Oswego. Niagara, Presque\\nIsle (Erie). Sandusky, Detroit and Macinac. They\\nrebuilt an old fort on the Maumee in 1794, and did\\nnot evacuate Detroit until July 12, 1796, when the\\nflag of the United States was first unfurled over the\\nsettlement which was to become the Michigan me-\\ntropolis.\\nCHAPTER IT.\\n\u00c2\u00bbrTLrVE OF CrVTL mSTORT\\nOniinaDceof Vorth-\\nwe\u00c2\u00ab Terr rritory\\nOrganiw nend-\\ning Admi-- War-\\nMichigan E -nvr- iLl U;^-jr iviil_^_j .h Ucu u; ihe Mvunee\\nS\u00c2\u00abam| B\u00c2\u00abmoTaJ of the Capital\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Coostlititional ConreDtion o(\\nIKoO\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Lists of Territorial and Slate GoTernois\u00e2\u0080\u0094 PopulatloD from\\n1T:\u00c2\u00ab to WeU.\\nS soon as the title to the Northwest was vested in\\nthe United States, Congress took measures to\\nclothe it with law. The first endeavor was futile. In\\n1794, acommittee, of which Thomas Jefferson was chair-\\nman, reported to Congress an ordinance for the establish-\\nment and maintenance of government in the North-\\nwest Territory. It contained an article prohibiting\\nslavery after the year 1800, which, however, was\\nstricken out before it came to its passage. The ordi-\\nnance remainei] practically inoperative, and the only\\ngood that was accomplished by its passage lay in the\\nfact that it paved the way for a subsequent act of national\\nlegislation. On May 20. 178.5, Congress oassed the or-\\ndinance providing for the survey and sale of Western\\nlands (which is spoken of at length in a subsequent\\nchapter).\\nIt was not until the passage of the famous act known\\nas the ordinance of 1787 that the civil law of the\\nrepublic had anything more than a nominal existence\\nin the region from which the States of Ohio, Indiana,\\nIllinois, Michigan and Wisconsin have 1 een formed.\\nEven in a work which gives the history of only a small\\nfragment of the great territory covered by the ordi-\\nnance of 1787, we deem it appropriate to say a few\\nwords concerning that great instrument. It was the\\nfoundation upon which five splendid commonwealths\\nwere to be built up. the fundamental law, the consti-\\ntution of the Northwest Territory, and a sacred com-\\npact between the old colonies and the yet uncreated\\nStat*^ to come into being under its benign influence.\\nIt forever proscribed slavery upon the soil of the ter-\\nritory it organized, and it is undoubtedly true that to\\nthis ordinance the people of the nation owe thanks for\\nthe final complete suppression of the peculiar insti-", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntution within its borders, for it is probable that had\\nthe system been allowed a foothold north of the Ohio,\\nit would have grown to such proportions as to have\\nsuccessfully resisted all measures for its overthrow.\\nBut when the ordinance is considered simply as an\\nact of legislation providing for the opening, develop-\\nment and government of the Territory, its value is not\\nless apparent or admirable. It provided for succes-\\nsive forms of Territorial government, and upon it were\\nbased all the Territorial enactments and much of the\\nsubsequent State legislation. It was so constructed\\nas to give the utmost encouragement to immigration,\\nand it offered the greatest protection to those who be-\\ncame settlers, for when they came into the wil-\\nderness, they found the law already there. It was im-\\npressed upon the soil while as yet it upbore nothing\\nbut the forest. Never, probably, in the history of the\\nworld, did a measure of legislation so accurately ful-\\nfill and yet so mightly exceed the anticipation of the\\nlegislators.\\nThe authorship of the important clauses of the\\nordinance and the causes which really led to its for-\\nmation, have, until very recently, been misunderstood.\\nThe authorship has been commonly ascribed to Nathan\\nDane, Congressman from Massachusetts, and some-\\ntimes accredited to Hufus King of the same State,\\nand to Thomas Jeiferson. And yet nothing is clearer\\nthan that the Rev. Manasseh Cutler, the pastor of a\\nCongregational Church, at Ipswich (now Hamilton),\\nMass., and agent of the Ohio company, was the\\ntrue author, at least of the great ideas embodied\\nin the ordinance. As agent of the New England\\nOhio Company, he went before Congress to purchase\\nan immense tract of land upon the Ohio River, that\\nwithin which Gen. Rufus Putnam and other Revolu-\\ntionary characters in the year 1788, made the first\\npermanent English settlement in the whole Northwest\\nTerritory. The ordinance represented and embodied\\nthe advanced thought of New England of Massachu-\\nsetts and yet this act, embracing a clause prohibit-\\ning slavery was passed by the votes of Southern mem-\\nbers of Congress. There were two inducements\\nwhich operated strongly on the minds of the legisla-\\ntors, influencing them to grant Dr. Cutler s applica-\\ntion for the purchase of a part of the public domain.\\nThe first was the urgent need of an increase in the\\npublic revenue. The second was the apparent need\\nof planting a strong colony of patriotic men in the\\nWest to bind it to the east, for it must be remembered\\nthat about that time it was seriously apprehended that\\nKentucky would embrace the first opportunity to\\nseparate from the Confederacy and join her fortunes\\nwith Spain.\\nChief Justice Salmon 1 Cbasc.\\nThe situation of affairs not only made it possible to\\nsecure the purchase for the Ohio Company, practically\\nat his own terms, but to so mold the organic law of\\nthe Territory in which the lands were situated, as to\\nmake that purchase desirable. It is only when the\\nOhio Company s purchase and the ordinance of 1787\\nare considered in connection with each other, that the\\nlatter can be properly understood.*\\nThe settlement of Marietta was made upon the 7th\\nof April, 1788. The Governor, Gen. Arthur St.\\nClair arrived there in July of that year, and during\\nthe same month the first territorial government in the\\nUnited States was formally established.\\nMichigan, as an integral part of the Northwest Ter-\\nritory, was under this government until the year 1800.\\nWayne County erected upon the 18th of August,\\n1796, by Winthrop Sargent, included the whole of\\nthe Lower Peninsula of Michigan, with portions of\\nOhio and Indiana. It was entitled to three members\\nin the Territorial Legislature, which met in Chilli-\\ncothe (Ohio).\\nIndiana Territory was erected by an act of Con-\\ngress passed on the 7th of May, l-sOO. It consisted\\nof that part of the Northwest Territory lying west of\\na line drawn from the Ohio, opposite the Kentucky\\nRiver, to Fort Recovery, and thence due north to the\\nline dividing the LTnited States from the British pos-\\nsession. This line divided the Lower Peninsula\\nalmost exactly in the center, crossing the Straits of\\nMackinac and meeting the international line above\\nthe Sault Ste. Marie. Cass County, being west of this\\nline, was in Indiana Territory, of which William\\nHenry Harrison was appointed Governor. Ohio\\nbeing organized as a State upon the 29th of Novem-\\nber, all of that part of Michigan, which lay east of\\nthe boundary line between the two Territories and which\\nhad remained in the Northwest Territory was added\\nto Indiana Territory. The capital was fixed at Vin-\\ncennes.\\nThe Territory of Michigan was erected by act of\\nCongress passed on the 11th of January, 1805,\\nwhich, however, did not take effect until June 30 of\\nthe same year. On the 26th of February, the Presi-\\ndent nominated the Territorial officers who were en-\\ndowed with legislative power. Gen. William Hull\\nwas nominated for Governor and Hon. A. B. Wood-\\nward for the office of Presiding Judge. Both\\nwere confirmed, and the officers proceeded to Detroit,\\nthe capital, Judge Woodward arriving there on the\\n29th of June, and Gov. Hull upon the Ist of\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Williitm F. Pool\u00c2\u00ab (Librarian of llie Cliicago Public Library), In an admir-\\naMe article In the Wortt Amtrieitm Htvieie, for April, 1878, on the ordinance and\\nDr. CutlerV ajsency in ita formation, says: The ordinance of 1787 and the\\nOhio purcliuse \u00c2\u00bber\u00c2\u00ab parts of one and the same transaction The purchase\\nteould not have been uuide without tlje ordinance, and the ordinance could no/\\nhave been except as an essential condition of (he purchase.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\n27\\nJuly. Upon the 2d, the Territorial government went\\ninto active operation. Its jurisdiction originally in-\\ncluded only the Lower Peninsula, but when Illinois\\nwas made a State in 1818, the. region now known as\\nWisconsin and the Upper Peninsula were added to\\nMichigan Territory, and in 1834 the far-away lands\\nof Iowa and Minnesota were attached temporarily.\\nThe war of 1812 was the most important event\\nwhich occurred during the existence of the Territorial\\ngovernment. It is beyond our province to speak of\\nthat struggle in this chapter, and we only allude to\\nit for the sake of making the observation that it\\nbrought about indirectly one great good for Michigan\\nthe appointment of Gen. Lewis Cass as Governor.\\nThe oflSce was given to him upon the 13th of October,\\n1813, and he held it until 1831. His administra-\\ntion was an able one and he did much to promote the\\nprosperity of the Territory by various wise measures.\\nIn 1819, Michigan was authorized to send a dele-\\ngate to represent her people in Congress. The first\\ndelegate chosen was William Woodbridge. In 1823, a\\nLegislative Council, consisting of nine members was\\nappointed by the President of the United States, and\\ntwo years later the number was increased to thirteen.\\nThis was a change which completely revolutionized\\nthe Territorial government, as it removed the legis-\\nlative power from the Judges.\\nThe period from 1820 to 1830 was one of great im-\\nprovement in Michigan. The introduction of steam\\nnavigation (1818) and the placing of lands in the\\nmarket had stimulated emigration. The white popu-\\nlation of the Territory which, in 1820, was less than\\n9,000 souls, had, by 1830, been increased to over\\n31,000. The advance in legislation and method of\\ngovernment kept apace with that of material improve-\\nment. A judiciary system was established and\\nmilitia organized. In 1827, the elective system was\\nresorted to for the choice of a body of as many mem-\\nbers as the Legislative Council contained, to act in\\nunion with that assemblage.\\nIn July, 1831, Gen. Cass resigned his office to\\ntake a seat in the cabinet of President Jackson, and\\nGen. George B. Porter, of Pennsylvania, was ap-\\npointed Governor in his place, entering upon the dis-\\ncharge of the duties of his office in September.\\nAs early as 1830, it had become apparent that\\nMichigan must soon pass from the Territorial to the\\nState form of government. The ordinance of 1787\\nmade provision for the erection of not less than three\\nnor more than five States from the Northwest Terri-\\ntory. Three had been formed prior to 1818, viz.,\\nOhio, Indiana and Illinois. Michigan was entitled\\nto knock at the door of the Union for admittance as a\\nState whenever her free white population should num-\\nber 60,000. On the 29th of June, 1832, a statute\\nwas passed to call an election on the first Tuesday of\\nOctober to determine whether it be expedient for the\\npeople of this territory to form a State government.\\nThe result of tiie election, says Judge Campbell\\n(in his Outlines of the Political History of Michigan)\\nwas a very decisive expression in favor of the\\nchange. This was the first action taken tending\\ntoward the establishment of the State, and it does not\\nappear that there was any other until 1834. In that\\nyear, the Territory contained a population of 87,273, as\\nwas shown by a census taken by order of the Legisla-\\ntive Council. The increase over the population of\\n1830 was 61,768. More people had come into\\nMichigan in four years than the 60,000 which entitled\\nher to become a State, and this did not include any\\npart of the emigration into that portion of the territory\\nwest of Lake Michigan (Wisconsin). At its session of\\nJanuary, 1835, the council passed an act authorizing\\nthe holding of a convention at Detroit on the second\\nMonday of May following, for the purpose of forming\\na State Constitution. This convention composed of\\neighty-nine delegates met upon the day specified and\\ncontinued in session until June 24. A constitution\\nwas formed which was submitted to the people upon\\nthe first Monday in October, at which time also a full\\nset of State officers, members of the Legislature and a\\nrepresentative to Congress were elected. The consti-\\ntution was ratified, Stevens T. Mison was elected\\nGovernor Edward Munday, Lieutenant Governor,\\nand Isaac E. Crary, Representative.\\nMichigan had now two governments, State and Ter-\\nritorial Gov. Mason at the head of the former,\\nwhich still lacked the recognition of Congress and\\nSecretary (Acting Governor) John S. Horner, who\\nhad been appointed just prior to the election, holding\\nhis place at the head of the Territorial Government.\\nThe heated controversy in regard to the Southern\\nor Ohio boundary line, which has gone into history\\nunder the sanguinary title of the Toledo war\\ndelayed the admission of Michigan into the Union.\\nThis was a contest between Michigan and Ohio, in\\nregard to the possession of a strip of land extending\\nfrom the Indiana line eastward to the mouth of the\\nMaumee River, embracing the site of Toledo. It was\\nalmost five miles wide at the west end, and eight at its\\neastern extremity. The land belonged in equity to\\nMichigan, the line which her people claimed being\\nthat established by the ordinance of 1787. Action\\nhad been taken at various times by the State of Ohio,\\nthe Territorial authorities of Michigan and the Con-\\ngress of the United States, looking toward a settle-\\nment of the rival claims, but nothing definite had\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2James V. CanipbeU s History of Michigan.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nbeen accomplished. On the 23d of February, 1835,\\nthe Ohio Legislature passed a resolution declaring the\\ndisputed strip to be the property of Ohio, and pro-\\nviding for the re-survey of the line and the marking of\\nthe strip into townships. Michigan had, at this time,\\nheld possession of the Territory for thirty years, sue- 1\\ncessfully opposing attempts to collect taxes under\\nOhiolaws,andtheLegislativeCouncil!ipprehendingtlie j\\naction of the Ohio Legislature passed an act on the 12th\\nof February, prohibiting any person or persons from\\nexercising official functions in the Territory of Michi- i\\ngan, except upon authority derived from the Territorial\\nGovernment, or from the United States. The people\\nof the tract in dispute were divided in allegiance 1\\nbetween the contesting authorities, some taking sides\\nwith Michigan and some with Ohio. On the 9th of\\nMarch, Gov. Mason ordered Gen. Joseph W. Brown,\\nin command of the Third Division of Michigan Militia?\\nto be ready to repel any invasion of the Territory.\\nGov. Lucas, of Ohio, with a party of surveyors and I\\nabout six hundred militia, approached the boundary\\nline about the last of the month. Simultaneously, or\\nnearly so, Gov. Mason marched into Toledo with a\\nforce of from eight hundred to twelve hundred men.\\nGov. Lucas made ready to attack the Michigan army,\\nand serious bloodshed was probably only avoided by\\nthe intervention of two Commissioners, sent from\\nWashington to settle the dispute. A truce was patched\\nup, but after a few weeks, Gov. Lucas surveyors\\nbeginning their work, were again attacked and put to\\nflight. The onslaught was a bloodless one. Nine\\nOhioans were taken prisoners. In Ohio a special\\nsession of the Legislature was called to take action\\nupon this insult. It met on the 8th of June, passed\\nan act to prevent the forcible abduction of Ohio citi- j\\nzens one to establish the country of Lucas in the\\ndisputed territory, with Toledo as its seat of justice\\nanother to hold a session of the Circuit Court there on\\nthe 7th of September following, and made an appro-\\npriation of $300,000 for carrying on the war. Ten\\nthousand volunteers were raised in short order.\\nMatters were becoming serious. President Jackson\\nadvised that the quasi agreement made by the Gov-\\nernors before the Commissioners be observed, and\\nthat the parties abstain from pressing their claims\\nuntil Congress could meet. Meanwhile the 7th of\\nSeptember approached, and to prevent the holding of\\nthe proposed court at Toledo, Gen. Brown repaired to\\nthe vicinity with a force of militia, estimated at over\\ntwelve hundred. It is said that the court was organ-\\nized in the night in spite of the watchfulness of the\\nsoldiery. However that may have been. Gen. Brown s\\nforce was soon after disbanded. In the meantime,\\nnumerous arrests had been made, a number of people\\nimprisoned, some small hostilities engaged in (personal\\nencounters) and a furious indignation aroused.\\nSuch was the condition of things (although actual\\nhostilities had ceased) when on June 15, 1836, Con-\\ngress accepted the Constitution of Michigan, and\\npassed an act, admitting her as a State on condition\\nthat she accede to the boundary claims of Ohio. In\\nSeptember, a convention of regularly elected delegates\\nwas held at Ann Arbor, to act upon the proposition of\\nCongress and rejected it. On the 14th of December,\\nanother convention was held, which was made up\\nentirely of delegates known to be in favor of accept-\\ning theproposition. This gathering was known from\\nthe cold nature of the weather at the time it was held,\\nand from the illegality of its action, as the Frost-\\nBitten Convention. The convention voted unani-\\nmously, and with much alacrity to accept the condi-\\ntions imposed by Congress, and that body acting upon\\nthe acceptance formally admitted Michigan as a State\\nupon the 26th of January, 1837- The principal\\nirregularity in the convention lay in the fact that it\\nwas not called by the Legislature. Its members and\\nthose who had favored it were, for several years, deri-\\nsively dubbed submissionists. Theirsubmission was,\\nhowever, an act of great value to Michigan. As an\\ninducement to Michigan to forego claim to the long-\\ndisputed strip of land along the southern border, she\\nwas given the Upper Peninsula, which has proven a\\ndomain of far greater value.\\nThe State, says Judge Campbell, was recog-\\nnized when admitted as having existed as such since\\nNovember, 1835, when the Senators and Repre-\\nsentatives, Governor and Legislature, came into\\noffice.\\nThe admission of Michigan into the Union, was\\nfurther complicated by being connected with the\\nadmission of Arkansas. The measure was thus made\\none of political character.\\nThe seat of government, by act of the Legislature\\napproved March 16, 1847, was removed from Detroit\\nto Lansing.\\nThe new constitution the one now in force was\\nadopted by a convention which met at Lansing June\\n3, 1850, and ratified by the people at the November\\nelection following.\\nAMERICAN GOVERNMENT OF MICHIGAN.\\nFollowing are the names of the Chief Executives,\\nwho have governed Michigan as a part of the North-\\nwest Territory, Indiana Territory, Michigan Terri-\\ntory, and as a State\\nNorthwest Territory\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gen. Arthur St. Clair\\n1787-1800. Winthrop Sargent (Secretary and Act-\\ning Governor), 1796-1800.\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n29\\nIndiana Territory Gen. William Henry Harrison\\n1800 to 1805.\\nMichigan Territory Gen. William Hull from\\nMarch 1, 1805, to August 16, 1812. Gen. Lewis\\nCass from October 13, 1813, to August 1, 1831.\\n(During his administration, William Woodbridge, the\\nSecretary, was Acting Governor at several periods.)\\nJames Witherell, Secretary and Acting Governor\\nfrom January 1, 1830, to April 2, 1830. Gen. John\\nT. Mason, Secretary and Acting Governor from Sep-\\ntember 24, 1830, to October 4, 1830, and from April\\n4 to May 27, 1831. Stevens Thomson Mason,\\nSecretary and Acting Governor from August 1,\\n1831, to September 17, 1831. Gen. George B.\\nPorter, Governor from August 6, lfe31, to death,\\nJuly 6, 1834. Stevens Thomson Mason, Secretary\\nand Acting Governor at various periods from\\nOctober 30, 1831, to February 7, 1834. Stevens\\nThomson Mason, exofficio Governor as Secretary\\nof the Territory, July 6, 1834, to August 29,\\n1835. Charles Shaler was appointed to succeed\\nMason as Secretary August 29, 1835, but declined.\\nJohn S. Horner, Secretary and Acting Governor,\\nSeptember 8, 1835, until after organization of State\\ngovernment.\\nState Governors under Constitution of 1835\\nStevens T. Mason, November 3, 1835, to April 13,\\n1838. Edward Mundy (Lieutenant Governor and\\nActing Governor), April 13 to June 12, 1838, and\\nSeptember 19 to December 9, 1838. William Wood-\\nbridge, January 7, 1840, to February 23, 1841. James\\nWiight Gordon (Lieutenant Governor and Acting\\nGovernor), February 24, 1841, to January 3, 1842.\\nJohn S. Barry, Governor, January 3, 1842, to Jan-\\nuary 5, 1846. Alpheus Felch, January 5, 1846, to\\nMarch 3, 1847. William L. Greenley (Lieutenant\\nGovernor and Acting Governor), March 4, 1847, to\\nJanuary 3, 1848. Epaphroditus Ransom, Governor,\\nJanuary 3, 1848, to January 7, 1850. John S.\\nBarry, Governor, January 7, 1850, to January 1,\\n1852.\\nUnder the Constitution of 1850\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Robert McClel-\\nland, January 1, 1852, to January 5, 1853. Andrew\\nParsons (Lieutenant Governor and Acting Governor),\\nMarch 8, 1853, to January 3, 1855. Kinsley S.\\nBingham, January 3, 1855, to January 5, 1859.\\nMoses Wisner, January 5, 1859, to January 2, 1861.\\nAustin Blair, January 2, 1861, to January 4, 1865.\\nHenry H. Crapo, January 4, 1865, to January 6,\\n1869. Henry P. Baldwin, January 6, 1869, to Jan-\\nuary 1, 1873. John J. Bagley, January 1, 1873, to\\nJanuary 3, 1877. Charles M. Crosswell, January 3,\\n1877, to January 1, 1879. David H. Jerome, Jan-\\nuary 1, 1881, to\\nPOPULATION.\\nThe population of Michigan (white) at various pe-\\nriods from 1796 to 1880, has been as follows\\n1796 (cstiinateJ) 3,000\\n1800 3,200\\n1810 4,762\\n1820 8,896\\n1830 31.6.S9\\n1834 87,273\\n1840 212,267\\n1850 397,6 4\\n1854 (Sittte census) 507.621\\n1860 (United Stales census) 749,113\\n1864 (State census) 803,661\\n1870 (United States census) 1,184,282\\n1874 (Slate census) 1,334,031\\n1880 (United States census) 1,636,885\\nClIAPTEE V.\\nLAND TITLE AND SURVEY.\\nOwnersliip of the Northwest\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Claims of France and EnRland\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nOf States\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Their Cession to the United States-System of Survey\\nIntroduced in ITSii- Its Benefits- Modifications for Michigan-\\nSurvey of Cass County Lands\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Sales at White Pigeon\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nI nfavorable Report on Michigan Lands\u00e2\u0080\u0094 School Lands\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Indian\\nTitle Extinguished\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Treaty of Chicago in 1821\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Other Nego-\\ntiations.\\nFRANCE, as we have seen, was the first civilized\\nnation that laid claim to the soil of the territory\\nnow included within the boundaries of the State of\\nMichigan, as an integral portion of the great Northwest\\nand the Mississippi Valley. Her claim was based\\nupon the discoveries of La Salle and Marquette, and\\nupon the provisions, subsequently, of several European\\ntreaties. The English claims rested on the priority\\nof their occupation of the Atlantic coast in latitude\\ncorresponding to the territory claimed, upon an oppo-\\nsite construction of the treaties upon which the French\\nrelied and upon alleged cession of the rights of the\\nIndians. The last was the principal ground of their\\nclaim. As has been heretofore shown in this volume,\\nFrance successfully resisted the claims of England,\\nand maintained control of the territory between the\\nOhio, the Mississippi and the lakes, by force of arms,\\nuntil the treaty of Paris was consummated in 1763.\\nBy the provisions of this treaty. Great Britain came\\ninto possession of the disputed lands, and retained it\\nuntil the ownership was vested in the United States\\nand confirmed by the treaty of 1783.\\nAll of England s charters to the colonies expressly\\nextended their grants from sea tq sea. From the na-\\nture of these charters, arose grave trouble when the\\nAmerican confederation was formed. The conflicting\\nclaims of States, or more properly colonies, threatened\\neven to disrupt the infant nation. Happily, however,\\nthey were ceded within a few years, and all rights and\\ntitles were consolidated and vested in the Genenil Gov-\\nernment. New York State, which had a charter ob-\\ntained from Charles II in March, 1664, embracing", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nterritory west of her borders (which had formerly been\\ngranted to Massachusetts and Connecticut) made ces-\\nsion of her claim in 1781. Virginia, with a far more\\nvalid title, followed in 1784, making, however, a large\\nreservation (in Ohio). Massachusetts ceded her claims,\\nwithout reservation, the same year, and Connecticut\\ngave up to Congress all her right, title, interest, jur-\\nisdiction and claim to the lands northwest of the Ohio,\\nexcepting the Connecticut Western Reserve (about\\n3,300,000 acres of land in Northeastern Ohio) in the\\nyear 1786.\\nMETHOD OF SURVEY.\\nEven before the last of the. .e measures had been\\nconsummated, Congress began the consideration of\\ntwo very important matters the extinguishment of\\nthe Indian title to the soil of the Territory Northwest\\nof the Ohio River, and a plan for surveying it, prepar-\\natory to sale and settlement of the lands. Passing,\\nfor the present, the former subject, we devote a small\\nspace to the consideration of the system of the gov-\\nernment survey.\\nThe provision under which the lands of the North-\\nwest Territory were surveyed into uniform sections\\nand townships was contained in an ordinance passed\\nby Congress May 20, 1785. Time has demonstrated\\nthe wisdom of its measures. They were undoubtedly\\nfirst suggested by Gen. Rufus Putnam, in a letter ad-\\ndressed to George Washington, in June, 1783, and\\nmodified in a small degree by William Henry Harri-\\nson when he was the Representative of the North-\\nwest Territory in Congress in 1800, but in all essen-\\ntial particulars the plan of survey prescribed by the\\nordinance of 1785 has remained unchanged down to\\nthe present time. The ordinance provided that the\\nsurveyors, as they are respectively qualified, shall pro-\\nceed to divide the said Territory into townships of six\\nmiles square, by lines running due north and south\\nand others crossing these at right angles as near as\\nmay be. The geographer shall desig-\\nnate the townships or fractional parts of townships by\\nnumbers, progressively from south to north, always\\nbeginning each range with number one and the\\nranges shall be distinguished by their progressive\\nnumbers to the westward, the first range, extending\\nfrom the Ohio to Lake Erie, being marked one. The\\nplats of the townships, respectively, shall be marked\\nby subdivisions into Ibts of one mile square, or 640\\nacres, in the same direction as the external lines, and\\nnumbered from one to thirty-six, always beginning\\nthe succeeding range of the lots with the number next\\nto that with which the preceding one concluded.\\nThe division of the land into townships of fixed\\nsize paved the way for the introduction of the admira-\\nble New England system of town or township organ-\\nization, of which political economists have had much\\nto say. In nearly all of the Southern States the\\ncounty is the unit of political organization, the\\ntownship being scarcely known. Many writers have\\nregarded the systems in vogue in the North and the\\nSouth as in a large measure affecting the condition of\\nthe two sections as regards their general advancement\\nand civilization.\\nBut considered in relation to its more immediate ef-\\nfects, the system of survey and township division\\nwhich has prevailed in the Northwest Territory has\\nbeen one of almost incalculable good. Daniel Wester,\\nspeaking in the Senate of the United States in 1830,\\nupon the two methods of disposing of the public do-\\nmain the Northern and the Southern said that the\\nlatter that of warrants and patents\u00e2\u0080\u0094 was one\\nwhich had shingled over the country in which it had\\nbeen applied with conflicting titles and claims,\\ncausing the two great evils in a new country of spec-\\nulation and litigation. From the system actually\\nestablished (in the North) said he, these evils are\\nbanished. I^ effecting this great system,\\nNew England acted with vigor and effect,\\nand the latest posterity of those who settled northwest\\nof the Ohio will have reason to remember with grat-\\nitude her patriotism and her wisdom. New England\\ngave the system to the West, and while it remains,\\nthere will be spread all over the West one monument\\nof her intelligence in matters of government and her\\npractical good sense.\\nThe first surveying under the new ordinance was\\ndone in 1786, in what was known as the seven\\nranges in Eastern Ohio. The first land surveys in\\nMichigan were made in 1816, in the vicinity of the\\nDetroit River.\\nIn the survey of the public lands of Michigan,\\nthere was a departure from some of the minor and\\nunimportant provisions of the ordinance of 1785. A\\nbase line and principal meridian were established, and\\nthe townships numbered north and south from the\\nformer, while the ranges were numbered east and\\nwest from the latter. The Michigan meridian was\\nthe first one located in the United States public lands,\\nand is called the First Principal Meridian. It\\npasses through the State (of course, in an axact north\\nnorth and south direction), from a point where the\\nboundaries of Ohio and of Hillsdale and Lenawee\\nCounties meet, to a point in Cheboygan County,\\nnearly south of Bois Blanc Island. The base line\\ncrosses the State from east to west, and forms the\\nnorthern boundaries of the Counties of Wayne,\\nWashtenaw, Jackson, Calhoun, Kalamazoo and Van\\nBuren.\\nIn the survey of the Territory, three lines were", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\n31\\nrun parallel with the base line, called auxiliary or\\ncorrection lines. They are about sixty miles\\napart and all north of the base line. Another pre-\\ncaution taken against errors was the establishment of\\nGuide Meridians, surveyed at convenient distances\\nusually forty-eight miles apart.\\nThe lands of Cass County Townships 5, 6, 7 and\\n8, south of the base line, in Ranges 13, 14, 15 and\\nIfi west of the Principal Meridian were surveyed in\\nthe years 1826 to 1830. Most of the boundary lines\\n(township and range divisions), were surveyed by\\nWilliam Brookfield in 1827, and it is probable that\\nhe was responsible for the work done in all. The\\nCounty Surveyor s book indicates, however, that the\\nboundaries of Township 8 south. Range 13 west,\\nwere run by Robert Clark, Jr. The earliest date\\nreported as that of the survey of any of the lands of\\nCass County is December, 1826. William Brookfield\\ncertifies that he finished running the boundaries of\\nTownship 7 south, Range 13 west, at that time. In\\nthe following year his company consisted of Orlean\\nPutnam and Chester Ball, chainmen Nathan\\nYoung (after whom Young s Prairie was named), ax-\\nman a packer, named Joel Wellman and Emory\\nStewart, who served in the capacity of cook. In\\n1828, Orlean Putnam s brother, Benjamin, took the\\nplace of Ball as chainman, a man named Bartlett was\\nax-man, and one George Claypole, cook. Of this\\ncompany of surveyors, Orlean Putnam, of La Grange\\nTownship, is believed to be the only one still living.\\nBrookfield died in Texas. Besides the surveyors\\nmentioned, there were engaged in running the sub-\\ndivisions (section lines) in Cass County and adjoining-\\nlands, John Mullett and Calvin Britain.\\nLAND SALES.\\nIn 1818, there was brought into market the first\\npublic lands sold under United States governmental\\nprovision in Michigan.* A land office had been es-\\ntablished in Detroit in 1801, and a few titles given,\\nwhich, although they may not have been strictly legal,\\nwere ccnfirmed by subsequent acts of Congress.\\nThe lands sold in 1818 were all in the vicinity of\\nDetroit. In 1823, the Detroit Land District was\\ndivided, and a land office established at Monroe, at\\nwhich all entries of lands west of the principal merid-\\nian were made up to 1831. All lands were at first\\noffered at public sale, and, after the bids were all in,\\nthe office was closed while they were being examined,\\ncausing a delay which greatly annoyed those i)ur-\\nchasers who were or intended to become settlers. The\\n*The earliest legal conveyance of land in Micliigati was in tlie time of tlie\\nFrench ocrnpnllon, in llie year 1707, l y Antoine do la Motte Cadllac, Ihe\\nFrench conimamJant, to Francis Falf-irde Delorme. In tlie American State\\npaper\u00c2\u00ab(Public Lands), it is stated that but eight legal titles to lands In Michigan\\nwere given during the French and English cccnpatlon.\\nplan was considered ailvantageous to the speculators,\\nand on account of that fact and some others the sys-\\ntem of public sales was finally abolished.\\nIn 1831, a land office was opened at White Pigeon\\n(St. Joseph County), for the entry of lands west of\\nthe principal meridian, and in 1834 it was removed\\nto Kalamazoo (then called Bronson), where it was con-\\ntinued until about 1858. Another office was estab-\\nlished at Ionia, in 1838. The sales, while the office\\nwas at White Pigeon, were comparatively small. At\\nKalamazoo they were extensive, and reached the max.\\nimum in 1836, when upward of $2,000,000 was re-\\nceived there. The amount of lands disposed of from\\n1831 to January, 1838, are shown in the subjoined\\ntable\\nEARS.\\n1882.,\\n179.93\\nAmt. Kec d.\\n117,12\u00c2\u00ab 26\\n.18,060 23\\n1833 9.5.980.25 123,466 25\\n1834 128,244.47 160,321 85\\n18.55 745,661.34 932,076 64\\n1836 1,634,511.82 2,048,866 87\\n1837 313,855.15 394,316 77\\nThe total amount of moneys received in the Kala-\\nmazoo Land District from 1831 to 1858, was about\\n$4,375,000, of which all but about $400,000 was re-\\nceived while the office was in Kalamazoo Village. The\\narea of the district was 118 townships, which would\\nhave included, had all been full Congressional town-\\nships, 4,248 square miles, or 2,718,720 acres. The\\nfractional townships along the Indiana line somewhat\\nreduces these estimates. The entire counties of Cass,\\nBerrien, St. Joseph, Branch, Calhoun, Kalamazoo\\nand Van Buren, and all of the counties of Barry and\\nAllegan, except the northern tier of townships in each,\\nwere included in this district. The Registers of the\\nKalamazoo Land Office were Maj. Abraham Edwards,\\nfrom 1831 to 1849 T. S. At Lee, from 1849 to 1857,\\nand Volney Ilascall in the years 1857 and 1858.\\nWhen the lands were first offered for sale in 1818,\\nthe price per acre was fixed at $2, one-fourth of which\\nwas required to be paid down, and the remainder in\\nthree annual payments. The lands bought were sub-\\nject to forfeiture if the payments were not met. The\\nI Government, however, did not choose to take the im-\\nI provements of those settlers who were delinquent,\\nand finally, about 1832, the credit system was abol-\\nished, and the price reduced to $1.25 per acre.\\nAn unfavorable report made upon Michigan lands\\nby a military board of survey, had a marked effect in\\nretarding the settlement of the Territory. An act of\\nCongress of May 6, 1812, authorized the survey of\\ntwo million acres of land in Michigan (and the same\\n1 amount in each of the Territories of Louisiana\\nand Illinois), to be set apart for the payment of\\nthe bounty_ awards of the Revolutionary soliiiers.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe surveyors reported, after an examination of\\nthe eastern part of the State, that there were no\\nlands there fit for cultivation, and that the character\\nof the country appeared to grow worse toward\\nthe interior of the State. Congress assuming the re-\\nport to be substantially correct, in April, 1816, passed\\nan act repealing so much of the law of 1812 as per-\\ntained to Michigan and ordering the location of a simi-\\nlar quantity of lands in Missouri and Arkansas. The\\nreport and the consequent action of Congress deterred\\nmany people from seeking homes in the Territory, and\\nit was not until after 1830 that the bad reputation of\\nMichigan lands was removed by the representations\\nof actual settlers and the tide of emigration which had\\nbeen flowing to the farther West was turned. The\\nreport was not, however, without its good efifect.\\nHad it been favorable to the location of the soldiers\\nlands, the Territory would doubtless have been over-\\nrun with speculators and land sharks, who would\\nhave bought up many of the warrants, and in that\\nevent great tracts of lands would have been held by\\nnon-residents.\\nCass is one of the seven counties in the. State in\\nwhich there are no public lands for sale, the others\\nbeing Hillsdale, Lenawee, Macomb, Shiawassee, AYash-\\ntenaw and Wayne. This argues well for the quality\\nof Cass County lands.\\nSCHOOL LANDS.\\nThe ordinance of 1785. for the survey of the terri-\\ntory of the United States, northwest of the River\\nOhio, provided that Section 16 of every township should\\nbe reserved for school purposes. One of the clauses\\nin the famous ordinance of 1787 declared that\\nschools and the means of education shall ever be\\nencouraged. The legislators of the old States laid\\nwell the foundations of the new. An act passed in\\n1804 providing for the sale of the lands in the Indiana\\nTerritory, from which was afterward carved the States\\nof Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin, reiter-\\nated the principles laid down in former instruments,\\nand expressly reserved the school sections from sale,\\nand the action taken by the Territory of Michigan,\\nwhen it was formed in 1805, was confirmatory.\\nWhen the State government was formed in 1835, it\\nwas provided that Section 16 should be granted to the\\nState for the use of schools. It had originally been\\ndesigned to give each township the section within its\\nown limits, but as it frequently was the case that the\\nsection was entirely worthless that plan would, had\\nit been carried out, have resulted in an unjust distri-\\nbution of benefit, which could only have been recti-\\nfied through an immense deal of trouble by making\\ngrants in lieu, and it is doubtful indeed whether such\\nproceeding could be resorted to._ As it is, all of the\\nschools of the State have shared alike in the school\\nfund. The number of acres, of school land in the\\nState is not far from 1,000,000, of which over one-\\nhalf has been sold. The fund derived from the sale\\nis upward of $2,500,000, and, when all the lands\\nare sold, it will probably reach \u00c2\u00a75,000,000.\\nINDIAN TREATIES.\\nWe have intentionally left for the conclusion of this\\nbrief chapter a review of those measures by which the\\nIndian title to the soil was extinguished, although some\\nof them belong chronologically to a period earlier than\\ntopics already treated of\\nThe National Congress, for a few years, acted upon\\nthe policy that the treaty of peace with Great Britain\\nin 1783, had invested the United States with the fee\\nsimple of all the Indian lands but, about 1787, tlie\\nGovernment came to regard the Indians as possessing\\na proprietary right in the soil, and all of its treaties\\nwith them subsequently were treaties of purchase, or\\ntreaties confirmatory of purchase. The various tribes\\nwere, of course, frequently forced to accept terms\\nwhich they bitterly repented. Especially was this\\nthe case, when they came to realize how fast they\\nwere being dispossessed of their old domain, and pushed\\ntoward the far West by the provisions of the treaties\\nwhich they had signed.\\nThe first treaty which bore directly upon the abro-\\ngation of aboriginal title to the soil, now included in\\nthe bounds of Michigan, was that which was concluded\\nat Greenville, Ohio, on the 3d of August, 1795, in\\nwhich the United States was represented by Gen,\\nAnthony Wayne. Among the many Indian tribes,\\nwhose chiefs and head men were present and signed this\\ntreaty, were the Pottawatomies, Ottawas and Chip-\\npewas, who had their homes in Michigan. They were\\nthe tribes chiefly affected by the cession to the Govern-\\nment of a strip of land six miles wide, extending along\\nthe west bank of the Detroit River, from the River\\nRaisin to Lake St. Clair, including, of course, the\\nmilitary post at Detroit. Appended to this treaty\\nwas the name of Thu-pe-ne-ba (Tofinab6), head chief\\nof the Pottawatomies.\\nAt the treaty of Detroit, negotiated in November,\\n1807, by Gov. William Hull, the Pottawatomie, Chip-\\npewa, Ottawa and Wyandot tribes ceded to the United\\nStates their claim to a region which may be best\\ndescribed as including the whole southeastern part of\\nMichigan, all east of the line on which the principal\\nmeridian was afterward established, and south of the\\npresent center of Shiawassee County.\\nInstead of enforcing the forfeiture of their lands,\\nof which it was considered the Pottawatomies, Ottawas", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "HISTOHV OF CASS COrXTY. MICHKiAN.\\nand Chippewas were deserving, because of their alliance\\nwith the British during the war of 1812, the Govern-\\nment adopted a friendly and conciliatory policy toward\\nthem. At the treaty of Springwells (near Detroit),\\nnegotiated by Gen. William Henry Harrison, Gen.\\nDuncan McArthur and John Graham, Esq., all of the\\npossessions, rights and privileges which these tribes\\nenjoyed before the war, were restored to them.\\nAn immense tract of Michigan territory was ceded\\nto the United States at the treaty of Saginaw, con-\\ncluded September 24, 1819. This treaty was brought\\nabout through the instrumentality of Gov. Cass,\\nex officio Indian Commissioner. The ceded land was\\na tract which extended from the boundary line of 1807\\nas far westward as the center of Kalamazoo County,\\nand northward to Thunder Bay River. The cession\\nwas made by the Chippewas and Ottawas, the Potta-\\nwatomies making no claim to the territory.\\nThe Chicago treaty of 1821 was the one at which\\nthe lands now contained in Cass County were ceded.\\nIt was negotiated upon the 29th of August, at Fort\\nDearborn, by Gov. Cass and Solomon Sibley, with the\\nPottawatomies, Chippewas and Ottawas, the first\\nnamed being the tribe principally interested, and the\\nothers signing the instrument as auxiliaries or friends.\\nThe boundary line of the ceded territory was described\\nas follows\\nBeginning at the south bank of the St. Joseph\\nRiver of Michigan, near Pare aiix Vaches (the cow\\npasture), thence south to a line running due east from\\nthe southern extremity of Lake Michigan thence\\nalong that line to the tract ceded by the treaty of\\nFort Meigs, in 1817, or if that tract should be found\\nto lie entirely south of the line, then to the tract ceded\\nby the treaty of Detroit in 1807 thence northward\\nalong that tract to a point due east of the source of\\nGrand River; thence west to the source of that river;\\nthence down that river on the north bank to its\\njunction with Lake Michigan thence southward along\\nthe east bank of the lake to the St. Joseph River\\nand thence up that river to the place of beginning.\\nThis tract contained nearly eight thousand square\\nmiles, and embraced the whole of the counties of Cass,\\nSt. Joseph, Branch, Hillsdale, Callioun, Kalamazoo,\\nVan Buren, Allegan, Barry and Eaton, large portions\\nof Berrien and Ottawa, and parts of Kent, Ionia,\\nJackson and Ingham. From these lands, five small\\ntracts were reserved. At least three-fourths of the\\ntract belonged to the Pottawatomies, and the United\\nStates, in consideration of their cession, agreed to\\npay the tribe yearly, for twenty years, the sum of\\n^5,000 in specie, and to make for them an annual\\nappropriation of $1,000 for fifteen years, for the sup-\\nport of a blacksmith and a teacher.\\nUpon the 19th of September, 1827, a treaty was\\nheld at the Carey Mission, by Gov. Cass, the object\\nof which was to gain the cession of a number of small\\nIndian reservations in order to consolidate some of the\\ndispersed lands of the Pottawatomie tribe in the Ter-\\nritory of Michigan, at a point removed from the road\\nleading from Detroit to Chicago, and as far as prac-\\nticable from the settlements of the whites.\\nA second treaty was held at Carey Mission by Cass\\nand Pierre Menard on the 20th of September, 1828,\\nat which the chiefs and head men of the Pottawatomies\\nceded all of their remaining lands in Michigan (they\\nhad already been confined to the region west of the\\nSt. Joseph), except a tract estimated to contain forty-\\nnine square miles, upon which their principal villages\\nwere situated. This unceded tract extended from the\\nSt. Joseph River, opposite Niles, to the South line of\\nBerrien County.\\nFive years later, this last foothold of the tribe, in\\nMichigan, was signed away, and the chiefs of the St.\\nJoseph band of the Pottawatomies agreed that they\\nand their people would remove from the country in\\n1836. This, the last cession of Indian title to the\\nsoil of Southwestern Michigan, was made at the\\nsecond treaty of Chicago, signed September 26, 1833,\\nand negotiated on the part of the government by\\nGeorge B. Porter, Thomas J. V. Owen and William\\nWeatherford.\\ni ii Country\\nMassacre\\nlue Dance\\nCHAPTER YI.\\nTHE POTTAWATOMIE INDIANS.\\nThey Succeed the Mlauiis in the Occupation of the St. .Ii\u00c2\u00bb\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Hostilities in which tliey were EnK:iui ^1 Ih. i\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Customs of the I ottawiitomies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A l r .1 i M\\nDeserihedby the Rev. IsaacMcCoy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1 1 i -i saugana s\\nDream- Modes of Burial\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Keligious r ir i i.iences that\\nCannibalism was Practiced by the I ottawatoinies and Other\\nTribes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Deplorable Effects of .\\\\rdent Spirits- Seasons of Extreme\\nDestitution.\\nAS has been shown in a previous chapter, the\\nMiamis were the occupants of the St. Joseph\\ncountry when it was first penetrated by white men\\nby the French explorers and missionaries in the\\nseventeenth century. They were succeeded by the\\nPottawatomies, who remained in possession until\\ncrowded out by the irresistible stream of emigration.\\nThe time when they entered this region is nQt\\ndefinitely known, but it was probably very early in\\nthe eighteenth century, and as they were not removed\\nuntil 1840, their residence here extended through a\\nperiod of more than a century and a quarter.\\nThe Pottawatomies were a fragment of the great\\nAlgonquin subdivision of the Indian race, wliich\\nincluded nearly all of the Northwestern tribes. They\\nwere cousins-german of the Ottawas and the Ojibwfvys", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "34\\nHISTOHV (IK CASS COUNTY. MICHIOrAN.\\n(more commonly known as the Chippewas), and were\\nleagued with them for a long period in a confedera-\\ntion.\\nThe earliest authentic information which the whites\\nreceived concerning this tribe was given by the French\\nCatholic missionaries, Charles Raymbault and Isaac\\nJouges, who found many of its members as well as\\nthe Ojibways in the country around the Sault Ste.\\nMarie. The seat of their greatest population at this\\ntime, however, was doubtless in the vicinity of Green\\nBay, and upon the islands at its opening into Lake\\nMichigan. The tribe was certainly settled on Green\\nBay and the northwest shore of Lake Michigan in\\n1669, when the mission of St. Francis Xavier was\\nfounded by Dablon and Allouez. At the great coun-\\ncil, held at the Sault Ste. Marie in 1671, when all of\\nthe Indians of the Northwest were formally declared\\nunder the protection of France, the Pottawatomies\\nwere represented by a very large delegation. They\\nwelcomed Marquette and Joliet when they were striv-\\ning to reach the Mississippi in 1673; many of them\\naccompanied the former to the country of the Illinois in\\nthe succeeding year, and they greeted La Salle in 1679,\\nwhen his unfortunate little vessel, the Griffin, sailed\\ninto Green Bay. They were the steadfast friends not\\nonly of La Salle, but of Hennepin, Tonti and other\\nexplorers.\\nOne of the Catholic Fathers Marest alludes in\\na letter written in 1706 to the formation of an alliance\\nbetween the Pottawatomies and Ottawas against the\\nMiamis, and it is probable that at this time was begun\\nthe movement which resulted in the displacement of\\nthe latter tribe and the occupation of their country by\\nthe Pottawatomies. The migration once begun, was\\ncarried on slowly until almost the entire tribe had\\nremoved from the northwestern to the southeastern\\nshore of the lake. Their territory extended to the\\nhead-waters of the St. Joseph, the Kalamazoo and\\nGrand Rivers. Upon the north their neighbors were\\nthe Ottawas still farther to the northward were the\\nOjibways. The three nations occupied, or called\\ntheirs, nearly the whole of the Lower Peninsula of\\nMichigan.\\nThe Pottawatomies at the time Pontiac organized\\nhis great confederation, placed themselves under his\\ncommand, and took a prominent part in the war\\nagainst the English. In 1764, at the council held\\nby Col. Bradstreet, at Detroit, they transferred their\\nallegiance from the French to the English. During\\nthe Revolution, and afterward, until Wayne s signal\\nvictory over the united tribes in 1794, they served the\\ninterests of the British, and were almost constantly\\nwaging war against the border settlements, either in\\nVirginia, Kentucky or Ohio.\\nAt Wayne s treaty held in 1795, at Greenville,\\nOhio (commonly called the Treaty of Greenville),\\nthis tribe, like the other important ones, received\\n$1,000 and the promise of a small annuity. This\\nwas chiefly in consideration of the cession to the\\nUnited States of a six-mile tract at Chicago, which\\nwas within the bounds of the territory the Pottawat-\\nomies clainjfd to own. In 1807, at a treaty made\\nwith Gov. Hull, they ceded their interest in lands\\nlying in the Southeastern part of the Territory of\\nMichigan, and in 1808 surrendered the claim which\\nthey assumed to certain lands along the south shore\\nof Lake Erie.\\nThe famous Shawanese chieftain Tecumseh visited\\nthe Pottawatomies in the autumn of 1810, to induce\\nthem to enter a league with the other Western tribes,\\nfor the purpose of driving the whites from the coun-\\ntry. He was successful in his mission, for a large\\nnumber of the St. Joseph band, with Topinabe at\\ntheir head, and some members of the tribe from the\\nsouthwestern shore of Lake Michigan, in all about\\nthree hundred warriors, promised to enter the confed-\\neracy. In the following year, they were present and\\nengaged fiercely in the battle of Tippecanoe, fought\\non the 7th of November a sharp engagement in\\nwhich Gen. Harrison s force of about seven hundred\\nsoldiers were opposed by upward of one thousand\\nIndians. The whites finally repulsed the Shawanese\\nand Pottawatomies, and they fled in all directions.\\nThe Pottawatomies returned to their vilhiges on the\\nSt. Joseph after this defeat, and from that time until\\nthe Chicago massacre upon the 15th of August, 1812,\\ntheir history exhibits no remarkable exploit.\\nTHE MASSACRE AT CHICAGO.\\nAllusion has already been made to a tract of land\\nsix miles square ceded to the United States by the\\nPottawatomies at the treaty of Greenville. Upon\\nthis land, where the city of Chicago now is. was per-\\npetrated the greatest atrocity upon the whites of\\nwhich the tribe was ever guilty. To the credit of the\\nSt. Joseph band of Pottawatomies, be it said that\\nonly a small number of their warriors were engaged\\nin the wholesale murder and that Topinabe, Winne-\\nmac (or Winneneg) and other chiefs made strenuous\\nendeavors to avert it.\\nAt the breaking-out of the war of 1812, Fort\\nDearborn (which had been built in 1804), and named\\nafter Gen. Henry Dearborn, at one time Commander-\\nin-Chief of the United States Army), was garrisoned\\nby about seventy-five soldiers under Capt. Heald.\\nThe same dispatch, from Gen. Hull at Detroit, which\\nannounced the declaration of war, contained instruc-\\ntions that Fort Dearborn should be evacuated, and", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "inSTOKY OF CASS COINTV. MICIIKiAN.\\nthat Capt. Heald s force should march to Fort Wayne\\nor Detroit. The bearer of the dispatch, the friendly\\nPottawatomie, Winnemac, finding the country be-\\ntween Detroit and Fort Dearborn swarming with\\nhostile savages, labored strongly to dissuade the com-\\nmandant from carrying out the order of his superior.\\nHe argued that a retreat would be extremely danger-\\nous, but that if made at all, it should be done at once,\\nand that the goods in the fort should be left undis-\\nturbed, in order that the Indians, while plundering\\nthem, might allow the fugitives a better start in their\\nflight. Mr. Kinzie, the post trader, gave advice simi-\\nlar to that of Winnemac, but Capt. Heald paid no\\nattention to his counsel, or to that of the subordinate\\nofficers.\\nThe Indians had, as soon as war was declared, at-\\ntached themselves to the British, thinking that they\\nsaw an opportunity to drive the whites j^beyond the\\nOhio. Every day they had become more bitter in\\ntheir hatred of the Americans. Before Capt. Heald\\nhad finished his preparations for evacuating the fort\\nthe Pottawatomies jn the vicinity, were aroused to\\ntlie highest pitch of war feeling. Those who were\\nfriendly to the trader Kinzie and a few other inmates\\nof the fort, were unable, as it proved, to restrain the\\ngreater number, who thirsted for blood. Upon the\\n12th of August, Capt. Heald met the Indians in\\ncouncil, telling them that it wa^ his intention to dis-\\ntribute among them all the goods in the storehouse\\nwith the provisions and ammunition, and requested\\nthe Pottawatomies to furnish him an escort to Fort\\nWayne, promising them a liberal reward on their ar-\\nrival there, in addition to the presents which he would\\ngive them before setting out. They were profuse in\\ntheir professions of friendship, and assented to all\\nthat was proposed. Mr. Kinzie endeavored to make\\nthe commander realize the danger of the course which\\nhe proposed to pursue, but in vain. Capt. Wells, a\\nbrave man, who had had much experience with the\\nIndians, arrived at the fort on the 14th, escorted by\\nfifteen friendly Miarais, with whom he had made a\\nforced march from Fort Wayne. He had heard of\\nGen. Hull s order for the evacuation of the fort, and\\nforesaw the danger to which its occupants must be ex-\\nposed. Mrs. Heald was his sister, and it was doubt-\\nless the hope of saving her life, which had led him\\nforward on his perilous journey. When he arrived,\\nthe goods had been distributed to the Indians, though\\nthe whisky, of which there had been a large quan-\\ntity in Mr. Kinzie s possession, was withheld, and\\nsubsequently poured into the river, and this fact com-\\ning to the knowledge of the Indians, had greatly\\nenraged them. It had been Capt. Wells intention to\\ndissuade the commander from leaving the fort, but\\nthe action already taken had rendered that plan\\nabsolutely impossible, and there was nothing before\\nthe garrison but the course on which Heald had stub-\\nbornly insisted. Seeing no alternative, Capt. Wells\\ndid what he could to hasten the departure. A second\\ncouncil was held on the afternoon of the 14th, at\\nwhich the Indians expressed great indignation at the\\ndestruction of the whisky. The ammunition had\\nbeen withheld from them and thrown down in an old\\nwell. Murmurs and threats were heard from every\\nquarter.\\nPreparations were made for the evacuation and\\nmarch. The reserved ammunition, twenty-five rounds\\nto a man, was distributed, the baggage-wagons and\\nwagons for the sick, the women and children were got\\nin readiness.\\nThe morning of the loth dawned, beautiful and\\nbright. The day that began as the sun rose from the\\nwaters of Lake Michigan was in strange contrast to\\nthe dark deeds of man to be enacted before the sun\\nwent down.\\nThe following graphic account of the massacre is\\nfrom -James R. Albach s Annals of the West:\\nEarly in the luorning, a message was received\\nby Mr. Kinzie, from To-pe-nee-be, a friendly chief\\nof the St. Joseph s band, informing him that the\\nPottawatomies, who had promised to be an escort\\nto the detachment, designed mischief Mr. Kinzie\\nhad placed his family under the protection of some\\nfriendly Indians. This party, in a boat, consisted of\\nMrs. Kinzie, four young children, a clerk of Mr. Kin-\\nzie s, two servants and the boatmen, or voyageurs,\\nwith two Indians as protectors. The boat was in-\\ntended to pass along the .southern end of the lake to\\nSt. Joseph s. Mr. Kinzie and his oldest son, a youth,\\nhad agreed to accompany Capt. Heald and the troops,\\na.s he thought his influence over the Indians would\\nenable him to restrain the fury of the savages, as they\\nwere \u00e2\u0096\u00a0much attached to him and his family.\\nTo-pe-nee-be urged him and his son to accompany\\nhis family in the boat, assuring him the hostile Indians\\nwould allow his boat to pass in safety to St. Joseph s.\\nThe boat had scarcely reached the lake, when\\nanother messenger from the friendly chief arrived to\\ndetain them where they were. The reader is left to\\nimagine the feelings of the mother. She was a\\nwoman of uncommon energy and strength of charac-\\nter, yet her heart died within her a.s she folded her\\narms around her helpless infants. And when she\\nheard the discharge of the guns, and the shrill, terrific\\nwar-whoop of the infuriated savages, and knew the\\nparty and most probably her beloved husband and\\nfirst-born son were doomed to destruction, language\\nhas not power to describe her agony.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIfiAN.\\nAt 9 o clock, the troops with the baggage-\\nwagons left the fort with martial music, and in mili-\\ntary array. Capt. Wells, at the head of his Miamis,\\nled the advance, with his face blackened after the\\nmanner of Indians. The troops, with the wagons,\\ncontaining the women and children, the sick and lame,\\nfollowed, while at a little distance behind were the\\nPottawatomies, about five hundred in number, who\\nhad pledged their honor to escort them in safety to\\nFort Wayne. The party took the road along the lake\\nshore.\\nOn reaching the point where a range of sand-hills\\ncommenced (within the present limits of Chicago City),\\nthe Pottawatomies defiled to the right into the prairie,\\nto bring the sand-hills between them and the Ameri-\\ncans. They had marched about a mile and a half\\nfrom the fort, when Capt. Wells, who, with his Miamis,\\nwas in advance, rode furiously back, and exclaimed\\nThey are about to attack us form instantly and\\ncharge upon them.\\nThe words were scarcely uttered, when a volley\\nof balls from Indian muskets behind the sand-hills\\nwere poured upon them. The troops were hastily\\nformed into lines, and charged up the bank. One\\nman, a veteran soldier of seventy, fell as they mounted\\nthe bank. The battle became general. The Miamis\\nfled at the outset, though Capt. Wells did his utmost\\nto induce them to stand their ground. Their chief\\nrode up to the Pottawatomies, charged them with\\ntreachery, and brandishing his tomahawk, declared\\nhe would be the first to head a party of Amer-\\nicans and punish them. He then turned his horse\\nand galloped after his companions over the prairie.\\nThe American troops behaved most gallantly,\\nand sold their lives dearly. Mrs. Helm, the wife of\\nLieut. Helm, who was in the action, behaved with\\nastonishing presence of mind (as did all the other\\nfemales), and furnished Mr. Kinzie with many thril-\\nling facts, from which are made the following ex-\\ntracts\\nOur horses pranced and bounded and could hardly\\nbe restrained, as the balls whistled around them. I\\ndrew ofi a little and gazed upon my husband and\\nfather, who were yet unharmed. I felt that my hour\\nwas come, and endeavored to forget those I loved, and\\nprepare myself for my approaching fate. While I\\nwas thus engaged, the Surgeon, Dr. V., came up; he\\nwas badly wounded. His horse had been shot under\\nhim, and he had received a ball in his leg. Every\\nmuscle of his countenance was quivering with the\\nagony of terror. He said to me, Do you think they\\nwill take our lives? I am badly wounded, but I\\nthink not mortally. Perhaps we might purchase our\\nlives by promising them a large reward. Do you\\nthink there is any chance? Doctor V., said I, do\\nnot let us waste the few moments that yet remain to\\nus, in such vain hopes. Our fate is inevitable. In a\\nfew moments we must appear before the bar of God.\\nLet us endeavor to make such preparation as is in our\\npower. Oh! I cannot die, exclaimed he I am not\\nfit to die if I had but a short time to prepare death\\nis awful. I pointed to Ensign Ronan, who, though\\nmortally wounded and nearly down, was still fighting\\nwith desperation upon one knee.\\nLook at that man, said I, at least he dies like\\na soldier.\\nYes, replied the unfortunate man, with a con-\\nvulsive gasp, but he has no terrors of the future he\\nis an unbeliever\\nAt this moment, a young Indian raised his toma-\\nhawk at me. By springing aside, I avoided the blow,\\nwhich was aimed at my skull, but which alighted on\\nmy shoulder. I seized him around the neck, and while\\nexerting my utmost efforts to get possession of his\\nscalping knife which hung in a scabbard over his\\nbreast, I was dragged from his grasp by another and\\nan older Indian.\\nThe latter bore me struggling and resisting toward\\nthe lake. Notwithstanding the rapidity with which I\\nwas hurried along, I recognized as I passed them,\\nthe lifeless remains of the unfortunate surgeon. Some\\nmurderous tomahawk had stretched him upon the\\nvery spot where I had last seen him.\\nI was immediately plunged into the water and\\nheld there with a forcible hand, notwithstanding my\\nresistance. I soon perceived, however, that the object\\nof my captor was not to drown me, as he held me\\nfirmly in such a position as to place my head above\\nthe water. This assured me, and .regarding him\\nattentively, I soon recognized, in spite of the paint\\nwith which he was disguised. The Black Partridge.\\nWhen the firing had somewhat subsided, my pre-\\nserver bore me from the water and conducted me up the\\nsand banks. It was a burning August morning, and\\nwalking through the sand in my drenched condition,\\nwas inexpressibly painful and fatiguing, I stopped\\nand took off my shoes, to free them from sand with\\nwhich they were nearly filled, -when a squaw seized\\nthem and carried them off and I was obliged to pro-\\nceed without them. When we had gained the prairie, I\\nwas met by my fiither, who told me that ray husband\\nwas safe, and but slightly wounded. They led me\\ngently back toward the Chicago River, along the\\nsouthern bank of which was the Pottawatomie en-\\ncampment. At one time I was placed upon a horse\\nwithout a saddle, but soon finding the motion insup-\\nportable, I sprang off. Supported partly by my kind\\nconductor and partly by another Indian, Pee-so-tum,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "lllSTOIiV OF CASS\\nwho held dangling in his hands the scalp of Capt.\\nWells, I dragged my fainting steps to one of the wig-\\nwams.\\nThe wife of Wau-bee-nee-mah, a chief from the\\nIllinois River, was standing near and seeing my ex-\\nhausted condition, she seized a kettle, dipped up some\\nwater from a little stream that flowed near, threw\\ninto it some maple sugar, and stirring it up with her\\nhand gave it to me to drink. This act of kindness\\nin the midst of so many atrocities touched me most\\nsensibly, but my attention was soon diverted to an-\\nother object. The fort had become a scene of\\nplunder to such as remained after the troops had\\nmarched out. The cattle had been shot down as\\nthey ran at large and lay dead or dying around.\\nAs noise of the firing grew gradually less, and\\nthe stragglers from the victorious party dropped in, I\\nreceived confirmation of what my father had hurrie lly\\ncommunicated in our rencontre on the lake shore,\\nnamely, that the whites had surrendered after the\\nloss of about two-thirds of their number. They had\\nstipulated for the preservation of their lives and those\\nof the remaining women and children, and for their\\ndelivery at some of the British posts, unless ransomed\\nby traders in the Indian country. It appears that\\nthe wounded prisoners were not considered as in- I\\neluded in the stipulation and a horrible scene occurred\\nupon their being brought into camp.\\nAn old squaw, infuriated by the loss of friends,\\nor excited by the sanguinary scenes around her,\\nseemed possessed by a demoniac ferocity. She seized\\na stable fork and assaulted one miserable victim who 1\\nlay groaning and writhing in the agony of his wounds, I\\naggravated by the scorching beams of the sun. With\\na delicacy of feeling scarcely to be expected under\\nsuch circumstances, Wau-be-nee-raah stretched a mat\\nacross two poles, between me and this dreadful scene.\\nI was thus spared in some degree a view of its horrors,\\nalthough I could not entirely close my ears to the\\ncries of the sufferer. The following night five more\\nof the wounded prisoners were tomahawked.\\nBut why dwell upon this painful subject i Why\\ndescribe the butchery of the children, twelve of\\nwhom, place! together in one baggage wagon, fell be-\\nneath the merciless tomahawk of one young savage j\\nThis atrocio IS act was committed after the whites,\\ntwenty-seven in number, had surrendereil. When\\nCapt. Wells beheld it, he exclaimed, Is that their\\ngame? Then I will kill too! So saying, he turned\\nhis horse s head and started for the Indian camp near\\nthe fort, where had been left their squaws and chii- j\\ndren.\\nSeveral Indians pursued him, firing at him as he\\ngalloped along. He laid himself flat on the neck of j\\nNTV MIClIKi.VN.\\n37\\nhis horse, loading and firing in that position. At\\nlength the balls of his pursuers took effect, killing his\\nhorse and severely wounding himself At this mo-\\nment he was met by Winnemac and Wau-ban-see,\\nwho endeavored to save him from the savages who had\\nnow overtaken him but as they supported him along\\nafter having disengaged him from his horse, he re-\\nceived his death blow from one of the party (Pee-so-\\ntum), who stabbed him in the back.\\nThe heroic resolution of one of the soldiers\\nwives deserves to be recorded. She had from the first\\nexpressed a determination never to fall into the hands\\nof the savages, believing that their prisoners were al-\\nways subjected to tortures, worse than death. When,\\ntherefore, a party came up to her to make her pris-\\noner, she fought with desperation, refusing to surren-\\nder, although assured of safe treatment, and lit-\\nerally suffered herself to be cut to pieces rather than\\nbecome their captive.\\nThe heart of Capt. Wells was taken out and cut\\ninto pieces and distributed among the tribes. His\\nmutilated remains remained unburied until the next\\nday, when Billy Caldwell gathered up his head in one\\nplace and mangled body in another, and buried them\\nin the sand.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2The family of Mr. Kinzie had been taken from\\nthe boat to their house, by friendly Indians, and there\\nstrictly guarded. Very soon a very hostile party of the\\nPottawatomie nation arrived from the Wabash, and it\\nrequired all the skill and bravery of Black Part-\\nridge, Wau-ban-see and Billy Caldwell (who arrived\\nat a critical moment), and other friendly Indians, to\\nprotect them. Runners had been sent by the hostile\\nchiefs to all of the Indian villages to apprise them of\\nthe intended evacuation of the fort and of their plan\\nof attacking the troops. In eager thirst to participate\\nin such a scene of blood, but arrived too late to par-\\nticipate in the massacre, they were infuriated at their\\ndisappointment, and sought to glut their vengeance\\non the wounded and prisoners.\\nOn the the third day after the massacre, the fam-\\nily of Mr. Kinzie, with the attaches of the establish-\\nment, under the care of Frangois, a half-breed inter-\\npreter, were taken to St. Joseph s in a boat, where\\nthey remained until the following November, under\\nthe protection of To-pe-nee-be and his band. They\\nwere then carried to Detroit, under the escort of Chan-\\ndonnai and a friendly chief by the name of Kec-po-\\ntah, and, with their servants, delivered up as prisoners\\nof war to the British commanding officer.\\nOf the other prisoners, Capt. Heald and Mrs.\\nHeald were sent across the lake to St. Joseph s the\\nday after the battle. Capt. Heald had received two\\nwounds and Mrs. Heald seven, the ball of one of", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "38\\nHISTORY OF ASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nwhich was cut from her arm by Mr. Kinzie, with a\\npenknife, after the engagement.\\nMrs. Heald was ransomed on the battle-field by\\nChandonnai, a half-breed from St. Joseph s, for a\\nmule he had just taken, and the promise of ten bottles\\nof whisky.\\nCapt. Heald was taken prisoner by an Indian\\nfrom the Kankakee, who, seeing the wounded and en-\\nfeebled state of Mrs. Heald, generously released his\\nprisoner, that he might accompany his wife.\\nBut when this Indian returned to his village on\\nthe Kankakee, he found that his generosity had ex-\\ncited so much dissatisfaction in his band that he\\nresolved to visit St. Joseph s and reclaim his prisoner.\\nNews of his intention having reached To-pe-nee-be,\\nKes-po-tah, Chandonnai and other friendly braves,\\nthey sent him, in a bark canoe, under the charge of\\nRobinson, a half-breed, along the eastern shore of\\nLake Michigan 300 miles, to Mackinac, where they\\nwere delivered over to the commanding officer.\\nLieut. Helm was wounded in the action and taken\\nprisoner, and afterward taken by some friendly Indians\\nto the Au Sable, and from thence to St. Louis, and\\nliberated from captivity through the agency of the\\nlate Thomas Forsythe, Esq.\\nMrs. Helm received a slight wound in her ankle,\\nhad her horse shot from under her, and, after passing\\nthe agonizing scenes described, went, with the family\\nof Mr. Kinzie, to Detroit.\\nThe soldiers, with their wives and children, were\\ndispersed among the different villages of the Potta-\\nwatomies upon the Illinois, Wabash, Rock River and\\nMilwaukie. The largest proportion were taken to\\nDetroit and ransomed the following spring. Some,\\nhowever, remained in captivity another year, and ex-\\nperienced more kindness than was expected from an\\nenemy so merciless.\\nThe Chicago massacre well illustrated the Indian\\ncharacter, the prominent traits of which were blood-\\nthirstiness and treachery. The occurrence affords one\\nof the strongest elements of opposition to the theory\\nheld by some persons that Indian hostilities were\\nalways commenced by the aggressions of the whites.\\nAlthough the St. Joseph Pottawatomies did not take\\na prominent part in the horrible affair at Fort Dear-\\nborn, and notwithstanding the fact that the chiefs\\nTopinabe and others endeavored to prevent the mas-\\nsacre, they almost immediately afterward engaged in\\nhostilities elsewhere. Capt. Heald, who, taken as a\\nprisoner to the St. Joseph, lived with Burnett, the\\ntrader, says: In a few days after our arrival there,\\nthe Indians all went off to take Fort Wayne.\\nThe Pottawatomies not only fought at Fort Wayne,\\nbut at Fort Harrison, where, in company with the\\nShawanese and other tribes, they were stoutly resisted\\nby a small but brave band, under Col. Zachary Tay-\\nlor. The tribe appeared in large force at the battle\\nof Frenchtown, on the River Raisin, in January, 1813,\\nand in the summer of the same year took part in the\\noperations under Proctor, opposite Fort Meigs, on the\\nMaumee, and on Sandusky Bay. They were, in fact,\\none of the most valuable and active allies of the\\nBritish throughout the war.\\nINDIAN CUSTOMS.\\nDuring the period intervening between the close of\\nthe war of 1*812 and the time when actual settlement\\nof their country was begun, the St. Joseph Pottawato-\\nmies led, so far as is known, a quiet and uneventful\\nexistence. The only outward influences brought to\\nbear upon them were those exercised by the traders,\\nand by the little band of missionaries which the Rev.\\nIsaac McCoy led among them. The pioneer of Chris-\\ntianity among the heathen (the founder of Carey\\nMission upon the site of West Niles in 1822), was a\\nclose observer of the people among whom he lived and\\nlabored for eight years. His book, A History of\\nBaptist Missions among the Indians, affords many\\ninteresting glimpses of Pottawatomie life and customs\\nas they appeared during his residence on the St.\\nJoseph, and we therefore make ample extracts from its\\npages.\\nIn one place he says, If we would form a correct\\nopinion of a people, we must notice small matters as\\nwell as great, and then he proceeds to give an ac-\\ncount of a social gathering among the Pottawato-\\nmies\\nIn the summer of 182.5, he says, I attended\\nan Indian festival, which, according to custom, they\\naccompanied with dancing. These festivals professedly\\npartake of a religious character, but in reality it seems\\notherwise. Different festivals have appropriate names.\\nThe seasons for some occur regularly, but most of them\\nare occasional, as circumstances are supposed to sug-\\ngest or re(iuire them. That which occurred at this\\ntime was one at which singular feats of legerdemain,\\nsuch as taking meat out of a boiling pot with their\\nnaked hand, drinking boiling hot broth, eating fire,\\netc., are attempted. Some ignorant whites who have\\nmingled with Indians, have reported that the latter\\nwere very dexterous in these feats, but we have never\\nseen anything of the kind attempted among them that\\nwas not very clumsily performed.\\nOn the present occasion a little tobacco prepared\\nfor the pipe, was placed in the center of the hall, on\\nthe bottom of a new moccasin (Indian shoe) with a\\nsmall bundle of cedar sticks, resembling candle\\nmatches. Three large kettles of meat, previously", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "lIlSTor.V OK CASS COUNTY. MI(!HICrAN.\\nboiled, were hanging over a small fire near the center\\nof the house.\\nThe aged chief Topinabe, led in the ceremonies.\\nHe delivered a speech of considerable length, without\\nrising from his seat, with a grave countenance, and his\\neyes almost closed. He then sat and drummed with\\none stick and sang at the same time, while his aid at\\nhis side rattled the gourd. At length four women\\nappeared before him and danced. A while after this\\nhe arose, delivered another speech, then drumming\\nand dancing, turned round, and moving slowly around\\nthe dancing hall, was followed by all the dancing party.\\nWhen he had performed his part in leading, others\\nwent through the same ceremonies, and these were\\nrepeated until every pair had twice led in the dance.\\nThese exercises were accompanied with many uncouth\\ngestures and strange noises. Occasionally, a man\\nwould stoop to the kettle and drink a little soup. One\\nfellow assuming a frantic air, attended with whooping,\\nlifted out of a kettle a deer s head, and holding it by\\nthe two horns, with the nose from him, presented it,\\nfirst upward, and afterward toward many of the by-\\nstanders, as he danced around, hallooing. The drop-\\npings of the broth were rather an improvement to the\\nfloor than an injury, it being the earth, and now be-\\ncoming pretty dusty. At length he tore asunder the\\ndeer s head, and distributed it to others, and jvhat\\nwas eatable was devoured with affected avidity.\\nAt the conclusion, which was after sun setting,\\neach brought his or her vessel, and received a portion\\nof the food. Chebass, a chief, sent to me and in-\\nvited me to eat with him, and I having consented, he\\nplaced his bowl on the earth beside me and said:\\nCome, let us eat in friendship. The same dish con-\\ntained both meat and soup. The chief took hold of\\nthe meat with one hand and with a knife in the other,\\nsevered his piece, and I followed his example. After\\neating, another speech was delivered, the music fol-\\nlowed, all joined in a dance with increased hilarity,\\nand most of them with their kettles of meat and broth\\nin their hands, and at length breaking off, each went\\nto his home.\\nTHE ME-TA-WUK, OR MEDICINE DANCB.\\nOne of the festivals most punctiliously observed by\\nthe Indians was the ^Me-ta-wuk or Medicine Dance.\\nMr. McCoy makes mention of one of these assem-\\nblages which occurreil on the 11th of October, 1824,\\nnear the Carey Mission, probably upon Pokagon Prai-\\nrie, and which was attended by a number of his peo-\\nple who wished to gratify their curiosity by witness-\\ning the curious exercises. He adds that Old\\nTopinabe, the principal chief, had a child lying a\\ncorpse, but he was so intent upon attending the festi-\\nval that he could not attend to its burial, but intrusted\\nthe management of the funeral to another.\\nElsewhere, McCoy gives in his valuable book a de-\\ntailed account of one of these medicine dances which\\nwe reproduce. He says\\nThe apartment in which the services were per-\\nformed had been specially constructed for such occa-\\nsions. Stakes were driven into the ground at proper\\ndistances, on which poles were tied horizontally, with\\nbark on the outside of these, grass mats were fast-\\nened, which raised a temporary wall about as high as\\na man s breast. The hall was about twenty feet wide\\nand sixty feet long. On three sides were spread mats\\nI and skins for the company to sit upon. Through\\nthe center, three posts were erected, ranging with each\\nother the longer way of the apartment, and extending\\nso much higher than the sides that a temporary roof,\\nin case of rain, might be made to rest upon poles that\\nlay along their tops.\\nOn our arrival, the chief was delivering to the\\nfew who were with him short speeches to which the\\nothers occasionally responded with 0-oh, in a more\\nplaintive tone than is commonly heard among Indians.\\nBetween speeches the chief drummed and all sung.\\nTwo of them held in their hands a gourd, to which\\nhad been fastened a wooden handle. Gravel or corn\\nj within the gourd made a rattle resembling a child s\\ntoy. The drum consisted of a skin stretched over the\\nend of a small keg, after the heading had been dis-\\nplaced, and was beaten with one stick only the\\nstrokes, without changing their force, occurred regu-\\nlarly at the rate of about one hundred and thirty a\\nminute. The gourds were shaken so as to make their\\nrattling in unison with the strokes of the drum.\\nAbout 11 o clock, thirty or forty persons, in-\\ncluding men, women and children, assembled about\\nI thirty yards from the dancing house, at which place\\nthey had loft most of their children and some of the\\nwomen. The others formed in single file and marched\\nuntil the leader reached the door of the dancing hall\\nand halted, the whole maintaining their order. The\\nleader stamped a few times with his foot, crying Ho!\\nho! ho! Those within responded with their Ho!\\nSeveral who were on the front end of the line sung\\nfor a few minutes and then all marched into the hall,\\nand around the room three times, halting and singing\\ntwice each time. Invariably through the whole day.\\nwhen they marched around the room, the circle was\\ndescribed by turning to the left so that if a person\\nseated near the door to the right desired to walk out,\\nhe never retraced his steps, but walked around the\\nroom with his left hand toward the center, until he\\nreached the door. All took their seats with their\\nbacks against the wall.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COrXTY. MICHiaAX.\\nA principal man then arose and addressed the\\ncompany in a speech of considerable length after\\nwhich one drummed, two rattled gourds, several sung,\\nand two women and one man danced. The musicians\\nand dancers then passed round the hall, severally\\npointing a finger to each one seated, as they passed,\\nand using words which I did not understand. The\\nperson pointed at responded each time with a mourn-\\nfiil groan, A-a-a then all took their seats. Another\\nman arose and made a speech two men held a short\\nprivate consultation in a low voice, and then mixed\\nsome powders which they called medicine. A little\\ntobacco, or rather the common mixture of tobacco and\\nthe leaves of some other plants which they use in\\nsmoking, made fine as if prepared for the pipe, was\\nsprinkled at the foot of the two posts of the door, and\\nof those planted along the center of the building, and\\na small quantity put into the fire. Another man\\narose and delivered a lengthy speech, which was fol-\\nlowed by drumming, singing and dancing. A little\\nrespite ensued, which the men employed in smoking\\nanother speech was made, and followed by the danc-\\ning of ten persons to music another turn of smoking\\nensued and the two men who had charge of the\\nmedicine allowed each person to take a little between\\nthe fingers and put it in an otter s skin, with which\\neach was furnished. These skins had been taken ofi\\nthe animals entire, including the bones of the head.\\nThe sack thus formed by a whole skin has an opening\\ninto it on the throat, which is generally the fashion of\\nan Indian s tobacco-pouch. These medicine-bags are\\nesteemed sacred, and are used for no other purpose\\nthan those belonging to this festival occasion, and to\\nhold the sacred medicine. Artificial eyes, usually of\\nmetal that will glisten, are inserted the teeth are\\ndisclosed by the drying of the skin, and the sides of\\nthe mouth are ornamented by soft feathers, dyed red,\\nextending along the sides of the jaws three or four\\ninches. The tails are ornamented with porcupine\\nquills, to the end of which, and also to the feet, small\\nbrass thimbles and bells are suspended, which make a\\ntinkling sound whenever the skin is moved. Each\\nkeeps his or her skin hanging upon the arm at all\\ntimes while in the house, during the festival, except-,\\ning when seated, when they are hung upon the wall\\nby the owner s seat.\\nAnother speech being delivered, four men and\\ntwo women marched out at the door of the hall with\\nho-ho s and gesticulations which cannot be described.\\nThey formed a semi-circle in front of the door, and\\none of the men delivered a speech which was followed\\nby singing. Their otter skins were held horizontally\\nin the two hands, with a tremulous motion that rattled\\nthe trinkets suspended to them, and which made the\\nskin assume the appearance of the living animal when\\nabout to leap forward. While thus shaking their\\nskins they ran around, now stooping toward the\\nearth, and then stretching upward and hallooing;\\nthey then marched into the hall again, severally point-\\ning a hand to each one seated as they passed, and\\neach person pointed at uttered an awful groan as be-\\nfore. They marched around the hall until they\\nreached the door again, when each of the four men\\npretended to swallow a small bullet, which apparently\\nalmost choked him, and gave him great uneasiness\\nat the moment but as he did not fall to the ground,\\nit was understood that he was wise and good, and an\\nexpert in the performance.\\nAll these fooleries were but preliminaries to the\\nregular course of exercises on which they were now\\nprepared to enter. Two principal men took the lead\\neach held in one hand a rattle, and in the other\\na piece of folded cloth to defend the hand against\\ninjury when the gourd should be struck against it.\\nThe leader delivered a speech, and all became seated\\nagain, when the drummer, and the gourd-men on each\\nside of him, beat in unison, and the leader sung alone.\\nThree or four persons presented themselves before the\\ndrum and danced when these dancers had retired to\\ntheir seats, the musicians rose and the leader delivered\\na brief speech. They then marched twice around the\\nhall with their instrumental music, stopping to sing a\\nfew minutes at the completion of each semi-circle.\\nThe drummer then facing the door, became seated by\\nthe middle post, with one of the rattlers in front and\\none behind the principal one delivered a speech at\\nthe conclusion of which they both commenced singing,\\nand then rattled, and were joined by the drummer.\\nNow all appeared to become inspired with new\\nlife. Some rose and danced in their places, then\\nothers, until all were on their feet and dancing to the\\nsound of the drum and the gourds. Suddenly, as if\\nmoved by supernatural impulse, one man stepped\\nfrom his place into the space left for them to pass in\\nsingle file around the room, which, as before observed,\\nis always with the left hand toward the center he\\nbends forward, whirls around (always to the left), ap-\\npears frantic, though not mad, shakes his otter skin,\\ncrying Ho-o-o-o in a quick, frightful tone. He falls\\ninto the rear of the music, now passing around the\\nroom, and somewhere in his circuit he becomes more\\nfrantic, gives a few louder Whoh-whohs, and suddenly\\npunches the nose of his otter skin against some one of\\nthe company, who are all standing with their backs to\\nthe wall. The person punched either drops to the\\nearth as if dead, like a butcher s beef, or bows and\\nstaggers back against the wall, uttering a horrid\\nshriek of 0-ho-ho, as if pierced to the vitals. He", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MTCIIIOAX.\\n41\\nnow kisses the nose of his otter skin with gestures\\nexpressive of profound respect and warm affections.\\nThese fond kisses counteract the electric shock just\\nreceived from the nose of his neighbor s otter skin,\\nand in half a minute he is restored and falls into the\\nrear of the company as they march around with the\\nmusic.\\nWhen a person fell apparently lifeless, I noticed\\nhe never hurt himself in falling. Each one invariably\\nfell in the same position. In about half a minute, he\\nwould recover and rise, and as in the other case, fall\\ninto the company of the music. Each one on recover-\\ning from the electric shock, before he went around the\\nroom once, would become frantic and Whoh- whoh oftener\\nand louder than usual, and punch his otter skin at the\\nnose of another person, after which he danced until he\\ncame around to his proper place, where he again took\\nhis station, with his back to the wall. In this manner\\nthey continued to go around the room, usually seven\\nor eight persons at a time, with their music, whooping\\nand dancing, and shaking their otter skins and punch-\\ning them at each other s faces. Sometimes a short\\npause is made, and again the vocal music strikes a\\nnew tune, and at the same instant many set up a\\nhideous whoop of Ho-ho-ho, until the ear is stunned\\nwith almost every frightful kind of noise that can be\\nimagined. Having proceeded in this way a sufficient\\nlength of time, the music ceased, and each took his or\\nher proper place against the wall. The principal\\nactor, followed by the other gourd man, with the\\ndrummer in the rear, went twice around the hall,\\nhalting and singing twice in performing each circuit\\nat length, halting at the man who was designed next\\nto use a gourd as the leader in the farce, they made an\\nuncommon ado in hallooing and in singular antics and\\ngesticulations, and finally laid down the gourds,\\ncushions and drums at his feet. They then continued\\naround the hall once more, each pointing a finger at\\nevery one as they passed, groaning each time, and\\nbeing answered by the person pointed at with a fright-\\nful groan.\\nAnother now takes the lead, and the same cere-\\nmonies are acted over again, and this round is repeated\\nuntil every male has once led in the exercises. If,\\ntherefore, the company be small, the exercises will\\nend the sooner. Sometimes the company is so large\\nthat the services continue until late in the night, and\\neven all night. The females follow in all the exer-\\ncises, but never lead. They carry their otter skins,\\nor medicine bags, sing, dance, blow, etc., and at this\\nmeeting one went so far as to deliver two short public\\nspeeches, but this was a rare occurrence. The males\\nhaving each led in a round of the regular ceremonies,\\nall became seated to rest, and the men smoked. On\\ncoming together, each had brought a kettle or bowl\\nseven or eight large kettles of boiled meat were now\\nbrought into the house, and every one s small kettle\\nor bowl was placed near the food. A man then arose\\nand delivered a speech. Next, the man who had sup-\\nerintended the cookery, distributed to each a. portion,\\nusing a sharpened stick for a fork and when a piece\\nwas not too hot lie took hold with his hand.\\nIt was now between sundown and dark they all\\nate, having nothing before them besides meat. An-\\nother speech was delivered, and when it was concluded,\\nevery one rose, vessel in hand, in which remained a\\nconsiderable portion of food. They marched once\\naround the room, and the leader halted at the door,\\nwhere he performed some antic feats, attended by\\nnoises of divers kinds, and then marched out of the\\nhouse, followed by all in single file and those who\\ndid not reside at the place marched directly off to\\ntheir homes, not stopping within sight to speak to\\nany one, or even to look back.\\nILLUSTRATION OF INDIAN SUPERSTITION.\\nThe following story, illustrating Indian superstition,\\nwas related by Bertrand, the half breed French trader.\\nThe episode occurred, as he related it, while a large\\nparty of Pottawatoraies were on their way to the treaty\\nof Wabash, in the autumn of 1826. he (Bertrand)\\naccompanying them\\nAfter their company was formed, said he, which\\nconsisted of four or five hundred souls, they set out\\nfor the treaty-ground, compelled by circumstances to\\ntravel slowly. Within the first three days journey,\\ntheir most expert hunters, to the number sometimes\\nof fifty, with their utmost vigilance, were unable to\\nkill a deer. They saw game, and often shot at it, but\\nkilled nothing. The consequence was that they began\\nto be distressed for want of food. Soon after, the\\ncompany halted to encamp on the eyening of the third\\nday, Saugana, a well-known chief, fell asleep and\\nslumbered soundly through the night. On the follow-\\ning morning, he informed the company that in a dream\\na person had acquainted him with the cause which had\\nrendered their hunting unsuccessful, which was an\\nerror in Chebass, a celebrated chief, who had been the\\nprincipal agent in prevailing them to set off on the\\njourney to atiend a place at which business of impor-\\ntance was to be transacted, and had neglected to make\\na sacrificial feast before they started. He had started\\non this important journey, the dreamer said, as a white\\nman would, without making any religious preparation,\\nand, for this dereliction of duty, the whole company\\nhad been rebuked by being left by the Great Spirit to\\nrealize the scarcity of food. In order to propitiate the\\nDeity, Chebass must fast that day twelve men, neither", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "42\\nHISTOKY OF OAfJ? COUNTY. MICHmAX.\\nmore nor fewer, with faces blacked, indicative of hunger i\\nand want, and of their devotion, must proceed to their\\nhunting, six of them on each side of the road, along\\nwhich the company had to travel. By the time the j\\nsun had risen to a height pointed out in the heavens\\n(we should say about 9 o clock), Saugana said they I\\nwould have killed four deer, and he assured them that\\nsuch would be the fact, because he had seen in the\\nvision four deer lying dead.\\nThe hunters set off according to instructions\\nkilled the four deer within the time spoken of, and\\nbrought them to the company. A general halt was\\ncalled. The four deer, including heads, legs, feet, etc.,\\nwere all boiled at the same time, and feasting immedi-\\nately followed, in which all participated, each receiving\\na portion meted out, excepting Chebass. The feast\\nwas considered his, and, on that account, it was neces-\\nsary for him to fast until the sun had gone down.\\nSeveral speeches were made during the festival. About\\nnoon of the same day, the company resumed their\\nmarch, and, on the following day, they killed five deer\\nand one bear, and, during the two or three remaining\\ndays of their journey, had plenty.\\nMODES OF BURIAL.\\nVarious modes of disposing of the dead were in vogue\\namong the Indians. Mr. McCoy gives descriptions\\nof several.\\nOn one occasion, when he was present with some\\nother missionaries at the death of a Pottawatomie\\nman, whom he says they had buried as decently as\\ntime would permit. He continues It is their\\ncustom to bury their dead as soon as possible. We\\nwere not allowed time to procure a coflBn but we\\nplaced boards about the corpse. They will not permit\\ntheir graves to be dug so deep as civilized people\\nusually inter their dead. Agreeably to their custom,\\na piece of tobacco was by them put into the grave at\\nthe head. The countenance of his wife indicated\\nmelancholy, and her sister shed tears. Before the\\nburial, a nephew of the deceased, who was somewhat\\nintoxicated, came running and hallooing like a madman.\\nHe set up a hideous lamentation, which resembled the\\nhowling of a wolf more than the expressions of grief\\nof a bereaved relative. After some foolish incantations,\\nsuch as blowing his breath into the nostrils of the corpse,\\netc., he declared that the deceased had been poisoned,\\nand hurried off, threatening to be avenged upon the\\nIndian whom he suspected of the crime. To us it was\\nevident that his death had been caused by intemper-\\nance and privation.\\nSometimes the corpse was inclosed in a hollow log.\\nThe position of the body was in most cases recum-\\nbent, but instances were common where the corpse\\nwas placed in a sitting posture, and occasionally\\nstanding erect. The same authority whom we have\\nbeen quoting says that in some instances the corpse\\nwas placed on the surface of the earth and inclosed\\nwith small poles, the walls either being laid up per-\\npendicularly or inclining inward. Frequently in the\\ngraves of men, a small wooden post extended a few\\nfeet above the tomb, on which were cut notches, each\\nsupposed to stand for a scalp which the deceased had\\ntaken. Over the graves of chiefs, tall poles were\\nusually erected, from the tops of which flags depended.\\nAlmost universally, food and various implements,\\nweapons and ornaments were placed in the graves of\\nthe dead. In cases where the body was placed above\\nground in an inclosure of poles or logs, a small aper-\\nture was made at one end to introduce food or tobacco\\nfrom time to time. McCoy mentions a Pottawatomie\\nwho had acquired the name of Tobacco from his\\nfondness for that article, and who desired to be buried\\nin a public place which travelers would frequently\\npass, in the hope that by this means he should fre-\\nquently receive a piece of tobacco, the use of which\\nhe could not think of discontinuing. Accordingly,\\nhe was buried in the forks of a road between Detroit\\nand Chicago.\\nDisposal of the dead by placing upon an elevated\\nplatform, supported by poles or the limbs of trees,\\nwas frequently practiced by the Northern tribes, but\\nseldom or never resorted to by the Pottawatomies or\\nother tribes in Southern Michigan.\\nAn Indian funeral is thus described I saw a\\ncompany of women carrying kettles of food to the\\ngrave of a child who had been buried a few weeks\\npreviously. The nature of this funeral rite, as it\\nwas described to me at the time, is as follows A few\\ndays after the burial of a child, the father or mother,\\nor if neither of these be living and present, another\\nof the near relatives of the deceased, makes a feast.\\nThe food is prepared and carried to the grave to\\nwhich the company of sympathizing friends repair.\\nIf the feast be prepared by a man, none but men\\nattend, and the same principle applies to the females.\\nWhen assembled at the grave, the ruler of the feast\\ndistributes to each of the attendants a portion of the\\nfood which has been prepared, and each, before eating\\nany, puts a small quantity on the head of the grave.\\nA small aperture is usually made in the poles or\\nboards which cover the dead, through which the food\\nis passed. If it be a company of females, and one of\\ntheir number be esteemed profligate, she is not per-\\nmitted to make the ofiiering to the dead from her own\\nhands, but another receives it at her own hand, and\\noflers it in her behalf. After the offerings are made\\nto the deceased, the remainder of the food is eaten by", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "IIISTOKV OF CASS COlM y. MlCHKiAN.\\n43\\nthe company. Similar feasts are prepared for adults\\nas well as for children, and when the party consists\\nof males, addresses are made to the deceased. These\\nfestivals are usually repeated once a year. On re-\\nturning from their wintering grounds to the villages,\\nin the spring of the year, the grass and weeds are\\ncarefully removed from about the graves of deceased\\nrelatives and none are permitted to grow there during\\nthe summer.\\nRELIGIOUS OBSERVANCE.\\nMcCoy says I found none who possessed distinct\\nideas on the subject of their religious ceremonies.\\nThere has been a time, no doubt, when something more\\nlike system was observed in the small amount of relig-\\nion embraced by their pretensions but changes in their\\noriginal ceremonies have been progressing ever since\\ntheir acquaintance with white people. Keeshwa, the\\naged Pottawatomie female, ^jj^\\nwas long an inmate of our family, has stated to us,\\nwith tears, that since her recollection there had\\nbeen great deterioration in the observance of religious\\nceremonies. Formerly, said she, on the return of\\nthe Indians to their villages in the spring, prepara-\\ntion was early made for a feast. This would require\\na day or more. At noon on the day appointed, men,\\nwomen and children would assemble, when an elderly\\nand respectable man would proclaim aloud, that the\\ntime for them to take their seats had arrived. All\\nbeing seated, he would make a speech to them, and\\nthey would sing a song to the Great Spirit. The\\nelderly leader would follow with a prayer in behalf of\\nthe company, in which thanks would be returned for\\ntheir preservation through the past winter, and for\\ntheir safe arrival at their villages, and prayer made\\nfor a blessing on their labors through the summer.\\nOn these occasions such language as the following was\\nemployed Oh Our Father, we want corn, we\\nwant beans, etc.; pity us and give us these things.\\nAfter the prayer, all would eat, and after a little\\nrespite they would again sing. Singing was repeated\\nfour times during the service. After the due observ-\\nance of this festival, all felt at liberty to commence\\npreparations for planting their fields. These meet-\\nings, said she, were affecting, and frequently I wept\\nall the time.\\nCANNIBALISM.\\nThe fact that the horrors of Cannibalism were occa-\\nsionally practiced among the Indians is well attested.\\nSchoolcraft, Parkman, Drake and various other\\nwriters, whose reliability is unquestionable, cite in-\\nstances of the commission of this revolting crime.\\nPokagon. the Pottawatomie chief, assured McCoy\\nthat the Sauks frequently killed their prisoners after\\nthey had been a considerable time captives and that\\nthey ate the flesh of their victims. He said that in\\n1825, while the Sauks were making their annual\\njourney to Canada, an Osage man who was a prisoner,\\nwhen sitting in his tent unconscious of danger, was\\napproached by two Sauks, who taking him by the two\\narms, conducted him out of the company and killed\\nhim. A woman afterward cut him to pieces and\\nboiled the flesh, and it was eaten by the party.\\nSuch deeds were not done on account of hunger,\\nbut through superstition, the Indians believing that\\nthey were thus endowed with greater strength and\\ncourage.\\nIt appears that the Pottawatomies had also practiced\\noccasionally the abomination of which Pokagon ac-\\ncused the Sauks. McCoy says we were compelled to\\nbelieve that it was such a people as this that we labored\\nto improve. From well-attested facts, the recital of\\nwhich was no less shocking than the above, we are\\nconstrained to believe that the Pottawatomies, Otta-\\nwas, Chippewas and Miamis, the tribes among whom\\nwe labored, have all been cjidlty of eannihalism.\\nIf the accounts of the Indians can be credited,\\nthe last war between England and the United States,\\nin which Indians were mercenaries on both sides,\\nwas disgraced by cannibalism the last instance of\\nwhich we have been informed occurred near Fort\\nMeigs, on the Maumee River, in 1813. Deeds, the\\nenormity of which cannot be described, we know have\\nbeen done in the country about us.\\nFIRE-WATER.\\nMany of the evil deeds of the Indians were directly\\ntraceable to the excessive use of ardent spirits. The\\ntraders who located in or traveled through the country\\nsold enormous quantities of whisky, and, in fact, de-\\nrived their principal support from a revenue which\\nproduced daily murders and a very general condition\\nof destitution. So eager were the Pottawatomies to\\nsecure their beloved fire-water that they would\\nsacrifice any article in their possession to secure a\\nsufficient quantity to make them drunk. An instance\\nis mentioned by a good authority in which an Indian\\ngave a trader a tine silver-mounted rifle, worth at least\\n|25, for 75 cents worth of whisky. Articles picked\\nup in this way by the traders were again given to the\\nIndians in exchange for furs.\\nWhen annuities were paid to the Indians by Gov-\\nernment agents the traders, who were sure to be pres-\\nent, would receive in a few days, and in some cases in\\nonly a few hours, almost every dollar of the red men s\\nmoney. Scenes of the wildest debauchery would fol-\\nlow, and be protracted for days or weeks. It was not\\nunusual, on such occasions, that murders would be\\nperpetrated, and those too under the most shocking", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "41\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncircumstances. Sometimes three or four or a half\\ndozen would be committed in one day.\\nThe utterly abject condition to which the Pottawat-\\nomies were degraded in the latter days of their resi-\\ndence in Michigan is vividly portrayed by the language\\nof one of their chiefs, used in answer to the expostu-\\nlation of Judge Lieb, a Government agent, and the\\nRev. Isaac McCoy. He spoke with great feeling,\\nsaying: They were all sensible of the deleterious\\neffects of whisky, and of the ravages it had made and\\nwas still making among them: that they did not seek\\nit, but it was brought to them that they could not pre-\\nvent it, nor could they possibly forbear from drinking it\\nwhen it was within their reach; that they had lost all\\ntheir manhood with their independence that they\\nwere a degraded and disgraced race that they now\\nlooked upon the whites as so much their superiors that\\nthey would not attempt to resist anything they did or\\nshould do. But. continued the chief, elevating his\\ndignified person, if our Great Father feels such an\\ninterest to preserve us as you mention, all powerful as\\nhe is, why does he not command his people to abstain\\nfrom seeking, in the ways you mention, our destruc-\\ntion. He has but to will it, and his will will be done.\\nHe can punish. He can save us from the ruin which\\nsurrounds us. We can do nothing ourselves. If\\nwhisky were not brought to us, we should soon cease\\nto think of it, and we should be happier and health-\\nier. And the missionary adds: AH this was said\\nwith so much feeling and truth that I blushed for my\\ncountry, and could find no apology for my Govern-\\nment in not devising means to restrain these licen-\\ntious traders, high and low individuals and companies,\\nwho, by every means, open and covert, are conveying\\nto the Indian the poison of his life and hopes.\\nElsewhere, McCoy says: Many of the Indians\\nmanifested a dislike to this trafiic in ardent spirits,\\nfraught with ruin to themselves, though they seldom\\npossessed fortitude to withstand the temptation to\\ndrink. On the 20th of August (1824), Pokagon. a\\nchief, and many others, came to inform us of liquor\\nin their country and expressed a wish to go and seize\\nit. We could not hope that Indians, in such cases,\\nwould be governed by sound discretion, and therefore\\ndissuaded them from their purpose. About this time\\nthey frequently applied to us for aid in securing their\\nlittle property and money received from the Govern-\\nment from the rapacity of lawless white people. But\\nwe could oftener pity than help them.\\nSE.^SONS OF DESTITUTION\\nIn May or June, the Indians usually returned to\\ntheir villages from their winter hunt for the purpose\\nof planting their fields. From this time on until their\\ncorn ripened or vegetables were grown was, with them,\\nthe most trying season of the year, because of the\\nscarcity of food. The Pottawatomies in this region\\nmade very frequent begging visits to the Carey Mis-\\nsion. Mr. McCoy, under date of July 17, 1824,\\nmade the following note in his journal The\\nIndians are so exceedingly pinched with hunger at\\nthis season of the year that swarms of them linger\\nabout us in hopes of getting a few crumbs or bones\\nfrom our table, or the liquor in which any food may\\nchance to have been boiled. We are continually\\ngrieved at witnessing their distresses we cannot feed\\nthem, and yet many cases present themselves, espe-\\ncially of women and children, too affecting to be wholly\\ndisregarded. Often on presenting a petition for the\\nrelief of hunger, they place a hand on the stomach to\\nshow how it is sunken for want of food. A few\\nhours ago a woman appeared in our house with moc-\\ncasins to exchange for powder and lead pleading that\\nshe and the family with which she lived were in a\\nmeasure starving. She had nephews who would hunt\\nfor wild meat, did they possess the means of taking\\nit. She was informed that we could not conveniently\\ngrant her the articles she needed, yet she continued\\nher importunity, entreating for a very little. Beg-\\nging like this occurs almost hourly through the day.\\nAt this time, eight or ten unfortunate women are\\nat our house begging for a morsel to eat. When we\\ngave the old woman alluded to above a little salt, she\\nsaid this will season the weeds on which I feed.\\nShe ileclared to us that for several days she and the\\nfamilies with which she was connected had not eaten\\na particle of any kind of food, except weeds boiled\\nwithout salt or grease. This is, at this time, the con-\\ndition of hundreds around us.\\nCHAPTER Til.\\nTHE POTTAW.\\\\TOMlE INDIANS\u00e2\u0080\u0094 [O.NTiNrEn].\\nIndian Villages\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Their Locations in Cas.s County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pokagon s Progres-\\nsive Spirit\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Indian Trails in Cj\u00c2\u00abss County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Chicago and Grand\\nRiver Trails\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Network of Patlis in Porter Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Topinabe\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nWee.saw, the War Chief\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pokagon. the Second Chief in Kank\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nShavehead\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His Enmity to the Whites\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Probable -Manner of His\\nDeath- Indian Murders\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Kenioval of the Pottawatomies to the\\nWest\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Exemption of Pokagon and His Band\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The I-atter Days of\\nthe old Chief.\\nINDIAN VILLAGES.\\nC^ ENERA LLY speaking, the term permanent In-\\nJ^ dian village, is a misnomer. Nearly all of the set-\\ntlements were abandoned in the fall or early winter, at\\nwhich time the Indians went on long hunting ex-\\npeditions, alternating the fields each season in order\\nchat the game might not be exhausted. The In-\\ndian method of agriculture contained nothing con-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "MISTOKY OF CASS COrNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nducive to permanency of location, and the construc-\\ntion of the lodges or wigwams was so crude and simple\\nas to make their removal or abandonment a matter of\\ncomparative indifference to the builders or possessors.\\nEncampment would, in the great majority of cases,\\nbe a better term than village for the habitation of a\\nband of Western Indians. They had, indeed, fiivorite\\nlocalities, but their villages in such spots had at the\\nmost but a few years duration. At the time the\\nwhites came among the Pottawatomies, they had,\\nwithin the present limits of Berrien and Cass Coun-\\nties, at least a dozen so-called villages, and it is prob-\\nable that within the first twenty-five years of the\\npresent century, they had occupied a hundred loca-\\ntions. Every chief of any note whatever had a vil-\\nlage, and, with a few exceptions, they were moved\\nevery two or three years. Besides the.se there were\\nsugar camps, which are often confused in tradition\\nwith the places of more permanent residence. A\\nPottawatomie village usually consisted of a group of\\na dozen to a score of bark huts or wigwams made of\\nflags, irregularly disposed in a locality offering some\\npecular advantages, such as water .supply, natural\\nshelter, ground suitable for the growing of corn, etc.\\nProximity to a stream navigable for canoes, and afford-\\ning a supply of fish, was also considered desirable,\\nand hence the most important villages in the region\\nof the St. Joseph River were immediately upon its\\nbanks. After the Carey Mission was established, and\\nas the result of its influence, the Indians in the vicin-\\nity began to make more valuable improvements than\\nthey had before attempted to build houses instead of\\nhuts and wigwams, to fence their fields, and otherwise\\nto imitate the methods of the whites.\\nPokagon appears to have been foremost in emulating\\nthe good example of his white brothers, and of im-\\nproving the condition of himself and his people.\\nMcCoy makes mention of the fact that this chief\\nand his band had commenced a village about six\\nmiles from the mission, and manifested a disposition\\nto make themselves more comfortable. (This village\\nwas undoubtedly west of the St. Joseph River in the\\nIndian reservation.) In the spring of 1826, con-\\ntinues the writer above quoted, we were about to\\nafford them some assistance in making improvements,\\nwhen one of those white men that are commonly hang-\\ning around the Indians for the purpose of flaying them,\\nlike crows around a carcass, interfered and made a\\ncontract for making improvements. This ended in\\ndisappointment to the Indians. Pokagon again ap-\\nplied to the missionaries, and in November they hired\\nwhite men to erect for the Indians three hewed log-\\nhouses and to fence twenty acres of prairie land. The\\nIndians promised to pay for the labor and the mission\\npeople became security for them, and saw that the\\nwork was properly performed. Subsequently they\\nsent over to the Indian village one of their teams in\\ncharge of men, who plowed up twenty acres of prairie\\nsoil, made them a present of some hogs and loaned\\n1 them a milch cow.\\nI Prior to this there seems to have been little ad-\\nvancement in the Indians mode of life. Pokagon s\\naction at this time was in accordance with prin-\\nciples of progress which actuated him during the\\nremainder of his life, and which won for him the\\nI respect of the old residents of Cass County among\\nwhom his latter years were spent.\\nThe first settlers in Cass County found within its\\ni limits about four or five hundred Indians, almost all\\nof whom were Pottawatomies. They were divided\\ninto three bands, each of which had a chief. Two of\\nthese chiefs Pokagon and Weesaw, who have already\\nbeen frequently mentioned in the previous chapter\\nwere prominent characters, reputable and represent-\\native men of their tribe, and the third Shavehead\\nseems to have been a renegade, who enjoyed little\\nI respect among the Indians, and found even less among\\nthe whites. He was, nevertheless, a man of sufficiently\\npowerful personality or active influence to hold the\\nposition of chief over a small band of rather\\ninferior Indians.\\nPokagon s band, which numbered over two hun-\\ndred persons, occupied originally the prairie in the\\nwestern part of the county, which retains the chiefs\\nname but, as we have shown in svn extract from Mr.\\nMcCoy s history of the Carey Mission, their principal\\nvillage was established in 1826 in Berrien County.\\nA large part of the band continued to reside in Cass\\nCounty, moving from place to place as the lands\\nwere taken up by settlers, and the latter years of the\\nchief were also passed in this county. Weesaw s home\\nappears to have been in the northeast portion of the\\ncounty, in Little Prairie Ronde, in Volinia Town-\\nship, and Shavehead s in the southeastern, within the\\npresent limits of Porter Township. The number of\\nmen, women and children in the band of the former\\nwas about one hundred and fifty, and that of the lat-\\nter was scarcely half as large.\\nINDIAN TRAILS IN CASS COUNTY.\\nThe following accurate description of the Indian\\ntrails in Cass County, as they appeared at the time\\nthe United States survey w:is made (1826-28) is fur-\\nnished by Amos Smith, the present County Surveyor:*\\n1 find that nearly every township, in the olden time,\\nhad its highways and its byways. Some of these seem\\non llic outHoe nmp of", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nto have beea of great importance, connecting localities\\nwidely separated from each other, while others of less\\nnote served only neighboring settlements.\\nIt is noticeable that the principal Indian trails, like\\nour own main thoroughfares, ran east and west, while\\nothers tributary to these came in from the north and\\nsouth. The Chicago trail, more important because\\nmore used than any of the others, coming from the\\neast, entered the county near the half-mile post on\\nthe east side of Section 1 in South Porter Township,\\nand run thence westerly, crossing Sections I, 2, 3, 4.\\n5, 8, 7 and 18 in South Porter Sections 13, 14, 15,\\n16, 21, 20, 17, 18 and 7 in Mason Sections 12, 11,\\n10, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in Ontwa and Sections 12, 11,\\n10, 15, 16, 17 and 18 in Milton. The Chicago road,\\nas it is now traveled, varies but little from the trail as\\nabove described. Near the corner of Sections 4, 5, 8\\nand 9, in South Porter, the Chicago trail was inter-\\nsected by the Shavehead trail, a branch from the\\nnorth. This trail, or rather system of trails, as more\\nthan a dozen different ones united to form it, had two\\nmain branches which came together on Section 29, in\\nNorth Porter, near the lower end of Shavehead Lake.\\nThe west branch, which commenced near the north\\nline of Penn Township, led southerly across Young s\\nPrairie, dividing on Section 28 in Penn. One trail\\ncontinued south and east to the west, and south of\\nMud Lake in Calvin, the other running between\\nDonell and Mud Lakes, the two uniting near Birch\\nLake in Porter. The last-mentioned trail was of\\ngreat service, later to the early white settlers, in pro-\\ncuring supplies from the old distillery, situated on the\\nEast Branch of the Christiana Creek, a little south of\\nDonell Lake. The east branch, coming from the\\ndirection of Big Prairie Ronde, crossed the county\\nline at the east line of Section 12 in Newberg, just\\nnorth of Long Lake, and ran southwesterly across\\nSections 12, 13, 23, 26, 27, 34 and 33, in Newberg,\\nand Sections 4, 9, 8, 17 and 20, in North Porter, and\\nunited with the west branch on Section 29, as before\\nstated. Another branch of the Shavehead trail, of.\\nless extent than either of those above described, com-\\nmenced at the Indian Sugar Works, near the half\\nmile post on the line between Sections 10 and II, in\\nNorth Porter, and ran thence southwesterly, crossing\\nShavehead Prairie in its course, and uniting with the\\nmain branch on Section 32.\\nBeside the three principal branches of the Shave-\\nhead trail above mentioned, there were many others.\\nIn fact, the whole township of Porter was a perfect\\nnetwork of trails a regular stamping ground of\\nthe Indians, so to speak, as the numerous sugar works,\\nIndian fields and villages, abundantly attest.\\nThe second branch of the Chicago trail commenced\\non Section 30, in Calvin, running thence southeast-\\nerly, crossing Sections 2 and 12, in Mason, very\\nnearly where the wagon road now runs, intersecting\\nthe Chicago trail at an Indian village, a few roads\\nwest of the present village of Union.\\nThe third branch commenced on Section 3, in\\nMason, and ran southwesterly, entering the Chicago\\ntrail near what is now Adamsville.\\n^The fourth and last branch of the Chicago trail,\\ncoming from Fort Wayne, Ind., intersected the county\\nand State line, near the southwest corner of Section\\n20, in Ontwa, and running thence northwesterly,\\nunited with the main trail on Section 16, in Milton.\\nThe trail from the Carey Mission to Grand River\\nMission, sometimes called the Grand River road,\\ncrossed the county line near the corner of Sections 6\\nand 7, in Howard, and running thence angling across\\nHoward, Pokagon, Silver Creek, Wayne and Volinia\\nTownships left the county at the north line of Section\\n2, in Volinia. It had no branches. The present ang-\\nling road running through the greater part of Poka-\\ngon Township, the northwest corner of Howard and a\\nportion of Wayne, occupies very nearly the same posi-\\ntion. In fact, we are indebted to the Indian, or it\\nmay be to his predecessor, for some of our best lines\\nof communication, and as many of these are trav-\\neled to-day, and probably will be for all time to come,\\nwhere they were marked out hundreds, and it may be\\nthousands of years ago, it shows that great skill and\\njudgment must have been exercised in their location.\\nPOTTAWATOMIE CHIEFS.\\nThe tribal chief the chief of all the Pottawato-\\nmies was Topinabe, who died near Niles, in the\\nsummer of 1826. Several local historians have com-\\nmitted the error of stating that the same Topinabe\\nwho was, in 1795. recognized as the head of his na-\\ntion, and who signed the treaty of Greenville in that\\nyear, was living in 1833. signed the treaty at Chicago\\nat that time and went WesFwith the tribe when they\\nwere removed, under authority of the Government, in\\n1838. No statement concerning Topinabe can be more\\nauthoritively made than that he died in 1826. At the\\ntime the missionary McCoy came into the St. Joseph\\ncountry (1822) the famous chief was upward of eighty\\nyears of age. He had been a man of much nobility\\nof character, had exerted a very potent influence in\\nhis tribe and had frequently given evidences of un-\\nusual friendship for the whites (as, for instance, at the\\nFort Dearborn massacre), but as early at least as 1821\\nhe had become hopelessly enslaved by alcohol. In the\\nyear mentioned, at the treaty of Chicago, he was urged\\nby Gen. Cass, the United States Commissioner, to\\nkeep sober, if possible, and make an advantageous", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "niSTORV OF CASS roiTXTV. .MHMIirJAX.\\nbargain for his people. His reply indicated the depth\\nof his degradation. He said: Father, we do not\\ncare for the land, nor the money, nor the goods. What\\nwe want is whisky. Give us whisky. In May, 1826,\\none of Mr. McCoy s missionary companions, writing\\nto him from Carey, says: Since last we wrote you,\\nI suppose the Indians have not passed a single day\\nwithout drinking. Poor old Topinabe (principal chief)\\nis said to be near his end from intoxication. McCoy\\nhimself writes: On the \u00e2\u0096\u00a027th of July, a poor, desti-\\ntute Indian woman was murdered about a mile and a\\nhalf from our house, under circumstances too shock-\\ning to be narrated. About the same time, Topinabe,\\nthe principal chief, fell from his horse, under the in-\\nfluence of ardent spirits, and received an injury of\\nwhich he died two days afterward. From this testi-\\nmony, which is unquestionable, being written by a\\nman who was intimately acquainted with the Potta-\\nwatomies, and who was living in their midst, it would\\nseem that Topinabe came to his death in the latter\\npart of July or early part of August, 1826. The fact\\nthat the name of Topinabe appears at the head of the\\nIndian signatures appended to the treaty of 1828,\\nmade at Carey Mission, and the treaty of 1833. made\\nat Chicago, does not tend to overthrow this evidence,\\nfor it is known there was another Topinabe in the\\ntribe, a much younger man than the chief of whom\\nwe write. The name was undoubtedly hereditary.\\nTopinabe, the valorous and cunning in warfare, the\\nsagamore of his tribe, in his latter years the friend of\\nthe whites, has not been honored by the application\\nof his name to any locality in the region where he\\ndwelt, though the lesser chiefs, Pokagon and Weesaw,\\nhave been thus given a place in the memory of the\\nrace which inhabits their old hunting ground.*\\nPokagon was second in rank among the Pottawato-\\nmies to Topinabe. and the most admirable character\\namong the St. Joseph band. One of the members of\\nthe Carey Mission family says He was the reality\\nof the noble red man of whom we read. He was a\\nman of considerable talent, and in his many business\\ntransactions with the early settlers was never known\\nto break his word. Various instances have been\\ngiven in the preceding chapter which support this\\nassertion, and prove Pokagon to have been the most\\nprogressive individual of his tribe. He probably owed\\nhis position of chief to the fact that he had a good\\ncommand of language, and that he married the daugh-\\nter of Topinabe s brother. Ilis name was originally\\nSagaquinick. He became a convert to the Roman\\nCatholic religion, and continued in the faith all of his\\nRecently the\\nthe Mackinnw Divigion of the 1\\nu|H n a summer roaort and embryo village i\\nutaMlshecl by noiiie gentlemen of Nilon.\\nlife. Pokagon and most of the members of his band\\nwere exempted from the removal to the West which\\nthe Government decreed for the tribe. His chief\\nobjection to departure seems to have arisen from his\\nfear that he and his people would lose the benefits of\\ntheir religion and partial civilization. After the other\\nIndians had been removed, Pokagon and his band set-\\ntled in Silver Creek Township, of Cass County, and\\nthere the good chief died in 1840. As we shall have\\noccasion to speak of the later history of Pokagon in\\nthe conclusion of this chapter, we will now pass to\\nsome of the other principal characters among the St.\\nJoseph Pottawatomies.\\nFirst among them (after those of whom we have\\nwritten), was Weesaw, the war chief. He had three\\nwives, of whom the favorite was a daughter of Topin-\\nabe. He had a village in Berrien County, just north\\nof Niles, and another (at a later period) in Volinia\\nI Township, Cass County, on Dowagiac Creek on the\\nfarm now owned by George Newton, where, with\\nabout twenty families composing his band, he spent\\nI several summers. In the spring, he would go to what\\nis now the B. G. Bueli farm on Little Prairie Ronde,\\nI and there raise corn and beans and a few other veg-\\netables. He also frequently visited the northwest\\nportion of the township, in proper season, to make\\nmaple sugar. He only visited his hunting grounds\\nI in Volinia every third year, allowing an interval for\\nthe restoration of game.\\nj Weesaw is described by the Hon. George B. Turner\\nwho, when a boy, frequently saw him, as being a\\nsuperb specimen of physical manhood, and a realiza-\\ntion of the ideal Indian warrior. He was fully six\\nfeet high, muscular, finely formed and of stately car-\\nriage. He had the appearance of one who deemed\\nhimself every inch a king. Fond of savage ornament\\nand gaudy attire, he was usually dressed in such man-\\nner as to enhance the natural picturesqueness of his\\nappearance. His leggings were bordered with little\\nbells which tinkled as he walked, his head adorned\\nwith a turban of brilliant material, and his waist\\nbound with a sash of the same, while upon his breast\\nhe always wore a huge silver amulet or gorget, bur-\\nnished to its utmost brightness. Heavy rings of\\nsilver depended from his ears and nose. Occasionally\\nhe left off this savage splendor, and appeared in a suit\\nof blue broadcloth. His favorite wife he adorned\\nwith a degree of Indian pomp and show, only inferior\\nto his own gorgeousness, and she was always allowed\\nto walk immediately behind him and ahead of the\\nother wives when they accompanied their proud lord\\nto the settlement of the whites. Weesaw was very\\nfriendly in his relations with the whites, and per-\\ni formed many favors for them. Orlean Putnam has", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\noccasion to remember him with pleasurable and kindly\\nfeeling. When the surveyors were at work north of\\nthe big swamp in 1827, they became very much\\nstraitened for provisions, the packer who was to\\nsupply them having lost his way. Mr. Putnam and\\nanother man in this contingency were detailed to pro-\\ncure such articles of food as were needed. There\\nwere no white settlers nearer than Pokagon Prairie,\\nbut knowing that Weesaw had an encampment on\\nLittle Prairie Ronde, they went there conjecturing,\\nand rightly as it turned out, that the chief could\\nsupply their wants. They arrived at the Indian\\ncamp at night, but the squaws, by Weesaw s direction\\nimmediately began preparing food to be taken to the\\nsurveying party, and in the morning the chief and his\\nfavorite wife accompanied Mr. Putnam and his com-\\npanion some distance on their way back, assisting\\nthem in carrying the liberal allowance .of provisions\\nwhich had been given them.\\nWeesaw removed from Cass County to Berrien in\\nin 1832, and died there not long after, being shot by\\nhis own son while the latter was in an almost crazed\\ncondition from the eflFects of drink.\\nOther chiefs among the St. Joseph Pottawatomies\\nwere Chebass and Saugana. The former, who was of\\nhigh rank, had his village within the present limits of\\nBerrien County. He is frequently mentioned in Mc-\\nCoy s history of the Carey Mission, but compar-\\natively little is known concerning him. Saugana\\nwas the chief whose remarkable dream (related in the\\npreceding chapter) was believed to have saved a large\\nparty of Pottawatomies from starvation when on their\\nway to attend a treaty at the Wabash in 1826.\\nShavehead appears rather to have been the renegade\\nhead of a miscellaneous group of ill-savored savages\\nthan a chief among the Pottawatomies. He was one\\nof the most notorious characters among the Indians of\\nCass County, and many anecdotes and traditions con-\\ncerning him have been handed down to the present\\ngeneration by early settlers who knew him. He was\\na sullen, treacherous, vindictive savage the ugliest\\nInjun of them all, according to almost universal tes-\\ntimony. His appearance was in accordance with his\\nevil nature. He had naturally a vicious and cruel\\nlook, which wa.s set off by a peculiar device that of\\nshaving nearly all the hair from his head. Only a\\nlock on the top and a strip down the back of his head\\nwas left, and this flowed down in a shape suggestive\\nof the mane of a lion, or perhaps of some lesser\\nbeast. Shavehead never ceased to regard the white\\nman as an enemy and an intruder upon the Western\\nsoil. It is probable that he enacted a bloody role in the\\ntragedy at Fort Dearborn and took part in most of the\\nhostilities against the Americans in which his tribe\\nwere engaged. He retained his hatred for the whites\\nwhen all of the Pottawatomies were living among\\nthem in peace. His feeling may perhaps be accounted\\nfor by the fact that he never signed any treaties and\\nconsequently received no annuities. He was always\\nsuspected of evil designs. Hon. George Meacham is\\nauthority for the statement that during the Sauk war\\nscare. Gen. Joseph Brown ordered Pokagon to take\\ncare of Shavehead, meaning that he should be\\nwatched or guarded so that he could not join the enemy\\nshould they penetrate the country.\\nThe old chief and his small band lived a part of the\\ntime on the prairie which bears his name, in Porter\\nTownship a part upon the St. Joseph River, in the\\nextreme southeastern portion of the county and\\nsometimes wintered east of Young s Prairie. He\\ncommitted many petty depredations, and was very\\ninsolent when he dared to be. On one occasion, he\\npresented himself suddenly before Mrs. Reuben Pegg,\\nof Penn Township, while her husband was away, and\\nimpudently insisted that she should give him some tal-\\nlow to grease his gun. Being refused very decidedly,\\nhe became violent, and threatened the lady s life.\\nSoon after, Mr. Pegg returned home, and, being told\\nof the occurrence, followed Shavehead with a stout\\nox-goad, and overtaking him, administered a terrible\\nthrashing. Mrs. Lydia Rudd, who was some distance\\nfrom this Indian defeat, remembers that she heard\\nvery distinctly the thud of the stalwart blows.\\nOne of Michigan s pioneers,* who has written\\nmuch, and is regarded as a good authority upon mat-\\nters of early history, relates the following concerning\\nShavehead s residence on the St. Joseph River, op-\\nposite Mottville, his custom of taking toll from those\\nwho crossed the stream, and a whipping he received\\nat the hands of Asahel Savary, of Centerville\\nThe old Chicago road where it crossed the St.\\nJoseph River at Mottville was called\\nGrand Traverse or Portage. This road was the great\\ntraveled route through the southern part of the terri-\\ntory to Chicago. Here at Mottville, the old chief\\nShavehead had stationed himself as the Charon to\\nferry travelers across the stream. There being no\\ngrist-mills nearer than Pokagon, the settlers in this\\npart of the country went by this route to get their\\ngrinding done. Standing with gun in hand, at this\\nportage, Shavehead was accustomed to demand toll of\\nevery one who wished to cross the stream. One day,\\nAsahel Savary, of Centerville, finding the old chief\\noff his guard, crossed over the St. Joseph free. But\\non his return, there the old Charon stood, gun in\\nhand, to demand his moiety. Savary stopped his\\nteam. Shavehead came up and looked into the", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n49\\nwagon, when the farmer seizing him by the scalp-\\nlock, drew him close to the wagon, and with his ox-\\nwhip gave him a sound flogging. Then seizing the\\nold chief s gun, he fired it ofi and drove on. Old\\nShavehead never took any more toll from a settler\\ncrossing the St. Joseph River at Mottville.\\nConcerning the death of the troublesome old chief\\n(if chief he was), there has always been some mys-\\ntery. Two accounts of his demise, agreeing in essen-\\ntials, are extant. Both belong in the shadowy border\\nland of history where it emerges in the broad uncer-\\ntain domain of tradition. The first, from the writer\\nwe have just quoted, is as follows\\nAn old frontiersman, who lived not far from\\nShavehead Prairie, was very fond of the woods, of\\nhunting and trapping. He and Shavehead were very\\ngreat friends, and often spent days together on the\\nhunt. Their friendship had continued so long that\\nthe settler had begun to be considered as a sort of\\nLeatherstocking companion to the old Indian. One\\nday a report reached his ears that Shavehead had said\\nDeer getting scarce white man (pointing toward\\nthe settler s home), kill too many Injun no get his\\npart. Me stop white man shoot deer. His old\\nfriend interpreted this he knew its meaning, but said\\nnothing. He and the old chief had another hunt\\ntogether after this. Time passed on, and one pleasant\\nday in autumn, the two old friends went out on a\\nhunt together, and at night the settler returned alone.\\nThe old Indian chief was never seen in that region\\nafterward. It was generally believed that the reason\\nShavehead did not return, was because he had crossed\\nthe river to the happy hunting-grounds on the other\\nside. And it was generally conceded that the settler\\nthought he or Shavehead would have to cross the river\\nthat day, and that he, the settler, concluded not to\\ngo-\\nThe second hypothesis of the death of Shavehead,\\nby the Hon. George B. Turner, involves the eccen-\\ntric Job Wright, the hermit of Diamond Lake Island,\\nand intimates that he may have been responsible for\\nthe exit of the chief from this world. Mr. Turner\\ndoes not vouch for the absolute truth of the story.\\nWe will say by way of preface that Job Wright is sup-\\nposed (in the narrative) to have been one of the little\\nband of soldiers attacked at Fort Dearborn by the\\nPottawatomies in 1812 that Shavehead took an\\nactive part in the massacre, and that in subsequent\\nyears he was suspected by Wright of burning down a\\ncabin which he (Wright) had built on Diamond Lake\\nIsland. These statements should be borne in mind by\\nhim who would read understandingly what follows\\nIt was late in the afternoon of a beautiful Sep-\\ntember day [1840] that\\nwe dragged our weary limbs into town [Cassopolis]\\nfrom a long stroll in the woods with dog and gun and\\nas we reached the public square we espied a con-\\nsiderable number of settlers from the country about,\\nwho had gathered in a compact circular body around\\nsome object in front of the village store that seemed\\nto deeply interest them.\\nWe were not long in reaching the spot there, in\\nthe center of the group stood Shavehead, the re-\\nnowned Pottawatomie chief His habitual reserve\\nand caution had left him, for he was gesticulating\\nwildly as he told of his feats of bravery in more than\\none border conflict. It was plain to see that his\\npeculiar weakness had taken possession of him in\\nother words, that corn whisky, of which he was very\\nfond, had overcome him. The men listened silent\\nand sullen as he told of the scalps he had taken of\\nthe battles in which he had been engaged. Some re-\\ngarded his talk as the bravado of a drunken Indian,\\nwhile a few old hunters, who hung about the outer\\ncircle, thought and felt otherwise. At last Shave-\\nhead closed his harangue by referring to the massacre\\nnear Chicago, at the same time exhibiting an English\\nmedal, in token of his bloody deeds of that eventful\\nday.\\nAs he closed and the crowd opened to let him\\npass, many were the curses hurled at him, many the\\nthreats we heard pronounced against him. Now for\\nthe first time we noticed the tall, gaunt form of the\\nold recluse leaning upon his rifle apart from the main\\nbody of listeners, but near enough to hear all that was\\nsaid. As the drunken chief stalked away. Job mut-\\ntered audibly to himself, Yes, it is him, we fought\\nby the wagons; he burned my cabin, curse him.\\nSuddenly shouldering his rifle, he disappeared from\\nthe village, evidently taking the route home. After\\nsunset a settler who came in, reported seeing Job on\\nthe track of something, and moving rapidly in a\\nsoutheasterly direction. Knowing glances were ex:\\nchanged among the little knot of villagers, to whom\\nthis story was told, they evidently believing that Job\\nhad gone to pay his old friend a visit. How far wrong\\nthey were in their conjectures, we do not pretend to\\nsay. One thing however, is certain after that day,\\nShavehead was never known to brag of the number of\\nwhite scalps he had taken. We do not pretend to say\\nthat he was shot by any of the settlers for those\\nwere peaceful times law and order prevailed all over\\nthe land the animosities engendered by the war of\\n1812 had nearly all passed away. But this we do\\nsay, if Job Wright, the scout, the recluse, went on the\\ntrail of Shavehead, in all probability he found him\\nmoreov\u00c2\u00a3r, if he did go, something more than an or-\\ndinary business transaction was uppermost in his", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "50\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nmind; and lastly, if he ever did draw a bead upon\\nhim across his rifle, a moment after there was one\\nPottawatomie chieftain less in Michigan.\\nAs a rule the Indians in Cass County were very\\nrespectful to the whites and seldom made any trouble.\\nAmong themselves they had many difliculties and sev-\\neral murders were committed. The white settlers\\npaid little or no attention to these crimes, and the\\nIndians themselves allowed them to pass unpunished.\\nShortly before the Pottawatomies were removed to\\nthe West, a murder occurred in Pokagon Township (on\\nSection 19), Schotaria, a medicine man, killing\\nhis squaw. The body of the dead woman was taken\\non a pony to Berti-and, on the St. Joseph River, and\\nthere interred in the Catholic burying-ground. About\\nthe same time a murder was committed in Howard\\nTownship, on the road that led from Summerville to\\nNiles. An Indian, named Wassatto, slew his brother-\\nin-law, Mashkuk, in a peculiarly brutal manner. The\\nonly cause known for either of these murders was the\\ndrunkenness of their perpetrators.\\nThe Indians came very near murdering a white\\nman soon after the first settlement of the county.\\nJohn Baldwin, who lived in what is now Porter\\nTownship, and after whom Baldwin s Prairie was\\nnamed, was assaulted in his cabin b} a party of\\nIndians who claimed to have been cheated by him in\\na bargain. They came to his cabin in the night,\\ngave him a terrible pounding with clubs, jumped\\nupon him, and when there was no longer any indica-\\ntion of life in his bruised and motionless body, left,\\nuttering the most exultant yells. A son of Baldwin s,\\na young man, mounting a horse, galloped to White\\nPigeon and summoned a doctor, having first found\\nthat his father s life was not quite extinct, and with\\ncareful medical treatment Baldwin was restored. He\\nsubsequently recovered from the Indian agent nearly\\n$3,000 damages, which was deducted from the\\nannuities of the ofi enders. It was asserted that\\nthe cause of the Indians grievance was that they\\nhad received in payment for some oxen they had sold\\nBaldwin a quantity of whisky which was so diluted\\nwith water as to render it entirely useless for the pur-\\npose of producing the intoxication they had fondly\\nanticipated.\\nREMOVAL OF THE IXDIANS.\\nBy the Chicago treaty of 1821, the Pottawatomies\\nhad ceded to the United States their right and claim to\\nall of the territory lying west and north of the St.\\nJoseph River. Still further cessions were made by\\nthe treaty of 1828, all of the possessions of the tribe\\nwithin the Territory of Michigan being at that time\\ntransferred to the Government, with the exception of\\na reservation of forty-nine square miles in Berrien\\nCounty, west of the St. Joseph, and bordered by it.\\nOn this tribal reservation were the chief villages of\\nthe Pottawatomies, and the larger part of their popu-\\nlation. Their last foothold was destined soon to be\\ntaken from them. On September 2H, 1833, at Chi-\\ncago, they ceded this reservation, and at the same\\ntime agreed to remove from the lands they occupied.\\nThe articles of the treaty were signed by George B.\\nPorter, Thomas J. V. Owen and William Weatherford,\\nCommissioners for the United States, and by Topina-\\nbe,* Pokagon, Weesaw, and forty-five other chiefs\\nand head men of the Pottawatomies. The ceded land\\nis described in the treaty as the tract of land on the\\nSt. Joseph River, opposite the town of Niles, and\\nextending to the line of the State of Indiana, on\\nwhich the villages of To-pe-ne-bee and Pokagon are\\nsituated, supposed to contain about forty-nine sec-\\ntions.\\nThe clause stipulating the removal of the Indi-\\nans was the third supplementary article which read as\\nfollows All the Indians residing on the said reserva-\\ntions (there were some other than the tract above\\ndescribed, smaller and farther east, but none of them\\nin Cass County), shall remove therefrom within three\\nyears from this date, during which time they shall not\\nbe disturbed in their possession, nor in hunting upon\\nthe lands as heretofore. In the meantime, no inter-\\nruption shall be offered to the survey and sale of the\\nsame by the United States. In case, however, the\\nsaid Indians shall sooner remove, the Government\\nmay take immediate possession thereof.\\nPokagon and some of the members of his band who\\nwere present at the treaty, refused to sign the instru-\\nment until they had received guarantees that they\\nshould be exempted from the obligation to remove.\\nThe Pottawatomies had no right to occupy the lands\\nnow included in Cass County after 1821. In 1833,\\nas we have seen, they were nominally restricted to the\\nreservation west of the St. Joseph, but until their de-\\nparture from the region, they roamed freely over the\\nadjacent country, and, indeed had a scattered popula-\\ntion in the territory now within this county. They\\nevinced considerable of an attachment for certain\\nlocalities, and visited them from year to year, or in\\nsmall bands held them continuously, until absolutely\\ncrowded out, not by the provisions of treaties, but by\\nthe actual settlement of the superior race.\\nThe time when the reservation was to be relinquished,\\nSeptember, 1836, arrived and passed, and the Potta-\\nwatomies still clung tenaciously to the little fraction\\nof their ancient domain. A considerable number had\\nscattered through the surrounding country through", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF I ASS COUNTY. MK HKiAN.\\n51\\nall the counties of Southwestern Michigan and were\\nliving in a state of serai-civilization, upon tracts of\\nland not entered or occupied by the white settlers.\\nPokagon, in pursuance of his plan of remaining in the j\\ncountry, began to enter land as early as 1835, taking\\nup a small tract in Silver Creek Township. In 1830,\\nhe bought still more, and in 1837 added to his I\\npossessions enough to make the total nearly a thou-\\nsand acres.\\nNo definite action tending toward the removal of\\nthe Indians was taken until two years after the e.xpira- j\\ntion of their privilege, and then, in the autumn of\\n1838, Government took steps for carrying out the\\nprovisions of the treaty of 1833. The preliminary to\\nthis removal, or more properly expulsion, was a 1\\ngathering of the Indians near Niles for a talk.\\nLong before the period had expired, during which\\nthey had been permitted to remain, the Indians had\\nrepented their acquiescence to the treaty, and now at\\nthe meeting many of them pleaded most earnestly\\nand touchingly that they might be suifered to remain\\nin the land of their fathers. But the great father to\\nwhom they addressed their prayers was inexorable. In\\nother words, the Government agents, Messrs. Godfrey\\nand Kercheval, were not to be moved, and peremp-\\ntorily insisted that they must be ready upon a certain\\nday to begin their westward journey. The agents\\nendeavored to bring together the scattered bands, but\\nwere not entirely successful. Many were determined\\nnot to leave the country, and fled to localities remote\\nfrom the surveillance of the Government s representa-\\ntives; some took refuge with the Ottawas in the Grand\\nRiver region, and not a few hid in the forest near\\ntheir homes. Some were assisted in secreting them-\\nselves by the white settlers, who felt sympathy for\\nthem. Upon the day appointed for the exodus, it is\\nprobable that about two-thirds of the St. Joseph Pot-\\ntawatoraies rendezvoused at Niles, and under the escort\\nof two companies of United States troops, detailed for\\nthe purpose by Gen. Brady, moved out on the Chicago\\nroad, destined for the land beyond the Father of\\nWaters. It was a sorrowful and dejected body of\\nhuman beings, this remnant of the once powerful tribe,\\nwhich slowly and wearily wended its way from Michi-\\ngan to Kansas, and their departure was no doubt\\nwitnessed with sincere regret by many who reflected\\nupon their situation, and realized what their feelings\\nmust be. During the journey some escaped, and\\nreturned to the St. Joseph country, and in 1839\\nthese, with most of those who had avoided removal in\\nthe preceding year, were collected by Alexis Coquil-\\nlard, and under his charge taken to their brethren in\\nKansas. The old trader, Bertrand, accompanied those\\nwho were removed in 1838,\\nAfter the departure of the other Indians, Pokagon\\nand his little band of Roman Catholics moved into the\\nlands they had bought in Sdver Creek Township.\\nThe old chief was thus near one of his old dwelling\\nplaces the prairie named after him. Although the\\nlands in Silver Creek, amounting to about a thousand\\nacres, were entered in Pokagon s name, most of the\\nother Indians in his band had contributed funds for\\nthe purchase, and the chief made deeds to each for\\ntracts proportionate in size to the amount of individual\\ninvestment. Pokagon exerted a benign influence over\\nhis fellows, setting them a good example in temper-\\nance and morality. He was a zealous Catholic, and\\nin 1839-40 built the first church in Silver Creek a\\nsubstantial log structure, which John G. A. Barney\\nand other white settlers helped him to raise. The\\ngood old chief was sadly victimized by the priest in\\ncharge of this church, when approaching his death.\\nThe holy father induced Pokagon when he was very\\nsick, in the autunm of 1839, to give him a deed for\\nforty acres of land as the price for receiving absolu-\\ntion. The deed proved to be for six hundred and\\nseventy-four acres instead of forty. It was received\\ntor record by Joseph Harper at 6 o clock A. M.,\\nupon the 10th of August, 1840, the day being Mon-\\nday. The priest came to Cassopolis in great haste\\non Sunday and urged that the document be immedi-\\nately filed, but the Register compelled him to wait\\nuntil the next day. Pokagon had died upon the\\nSaturday succeeding, and the news of his demise was\\nfirst brought to the county seat by the priest. The\\ndeed transferred two tracts of land; one consisting of\\nfour hundred and seventy-four acres, and the other of\\ntwo hundred, from Leopold Pokagon and his wife,\\nKetesse, to Stanislaus A. Bernier, providing for a\\nsmall reservation upon which Ketesse Pokagon and\\nher four children should be allowed to live. Very\\nsoon after the deed was recorded, Bernier deeded the\\nproperty to Celestine Guynemir de la Hislander, from\\nwhom it was subsequently recovered by the rightful\\nheirs through a verdict of the Court of Chancery\\nwhich sat at Kalamazoo, it being proved that the\\noriginal deed w;is procured through fraud.\\nThe descendants of Pokagon and the other Potta-\\nwatomies of his band nearly all live in Silver Creek\\nand number not more than seventy-five persons. The\\nwhole number of the tribe in Michigan does not ex-\\nceed two hundred and fifty. They are distributed in\\nthe Counties of Cass, Calhoun, St. Joseph, Berrien\\nand Van Buren, and until his death in February,\\n1882, their chief was Augustine Topash, who lived\\nin Silver Creek, near the suburbs of Dowagiac.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nUHAPTEE Ynr.\\nTHE CARET MISSION.\\nIts Establishment uear the Site of Nlles in 1R22\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Its Effect on the Set-\\ntlement of t ass and Berrien Counties\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Rev. Isaac McCoy-\\nTrials of the Missionaries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Scarcity of Food\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Success! ulness of the\\nSchool\u00e2\u0080\u0094 How Regarded by the Pottawatomies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Necessity for Re-\\nmoval\u00e2\u0080\u0094Crowded Out by the Whtte.s\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Improvements at Carey Ap-\\npraised, in 18:iO, at over .?5,OU0.\\nA N interesting book might be written on religious\\n-i^^ zeal as a factor in the development of new\\ncountries. We have had occasion, in this volume,\\nto remark upon the holy aspirations and ambitions\\nwhich led the French Roman Catholics to penetrate\\nthe Western wilderness two centuries ago, and now we\\ncall the attention of the reader to the history of the\\nBaptist Mission among the Pottawatomies, founded\\njust west of the site of Nilesin 1822, which very mate-\\nrially affected the settlement of Southwestern Mich-\\nigan. It was, indeed, the Mecca toward which jour-\\nneyed nearly all the pioneers who located in the\\nwestern portion of Cass and the eastern portion of\\nBerrien County. No sooner had the fact become\\ngenerally known that Isaac McCoy had pushed for-\\nward into the Indian country and there established a\\nreligious mission and a school than many adventurous\\nspirits in Ohio and Indiana prepared to follow in his\\nfootsteps, and the surrounding country was speedily\\nsettled.\\nThe man* who, underthe auspices of the Baptist Mis-\\nsionary Association, of Washington, founded the Carey\\nMission(so-called after a celebrated pioneer missionary\\nin Hindostan), was in many respects a remarkable man,\\nand his services in the cause of Baptist missions\\namong the Indians, extending through a long period,\\nwere very valuable. His labors were not confined to\\nthe propagation of Christianity among the Indians,\\nbut he materially advanced the temporal condition of\\nseveral tribes, and assisted in bringing about some of\\nthe most salutary measures of national legislation\\nupon the Indian question that were ever enacted.\\nMr. McCoy s first mission school among the Indi-\\nans was established in 1804, near Vincennes, Ind. In\\n1820, he removed to Fort Wayne, and from there to\\nthe St. Joseph River. It was in May, 1822, that the\\nmissionary made his first visit to the scene of his fut-\\nure labors. On the Kith, he writes, we reached\\nthe French trading-house (Bertrand s) at Parc-aux-\\nVaches (the cow pasture), by traveling through the\\nrain. I was sorry to hear that many of the chiefs,\\nwhom I wished to see in reference to our settlement in\\nthat country, had gone to Lake Michigan to engage\\nin a drunken frolic, a trader having arrived in that\\n*ThoKe\u00c2\u00bb. laaic McUoy wai liora Juno 1:!, 1788, near Oniont.iwn, P\u00c2\u00abin.;\\nremoved, with his parents, to J-fferson Connrv, Ky in 1794 wa8 married to\\n;liristiana Polke in October, 1803, and licensed to preach In March, 1804, when\\nhe Immediately began his serricea among the Indians. He died at Louisville,\\nKy., in 1S46.\\nlocality with a quantity of whisky. The effect of this\\ndiscouraging circumstance, however, wa.s in a iarge\\nmeasure counteracted by the utterances of those mem-\\nbers of the tribe whom McCoy did see, and who, he\\nsays appeared delighted with the prospect of our\\nsettling near them, and by many rude expressions of\\nfriendship, welcomed me to their country.\\nOn the 9th of October, Mr. McCoy, with Mr. Jack-\\nson and hi.s family, four hired men and a number of\\nIndian boys, old enough to make themselves useful\\nin all twenty persons set off from Fort Wayne for\\nthe purpose of erecting buildings at the site chosen\\nfor the new mission. On arriving there after a jour-\\nney full of privation, they immediately began cutting\\ndown trees, chopping out logs and preparing them to\\nbe laid up in house walls, Mr. McCoy himself taking\\nan active part in the work, although he was still suf-\\nfering from the effects of a serious fever. About the\\nmiddle of November, leaving his men to finish the\\nwork, he set out for Fort Wayne and arrived there\\nafter a three days ride, wet, cold, almost ftimished\\nwith hunger, weary and sick. There were many\\npreparations to be made before the final removal to\\nCarey could be accomplished, and the little company\\nwas not in readiness for the journey until the 9th of\\nDecember, 1822, on the morning of which day they\\nstarted from Fort Wayne into the woods destined\\nfor their new home. Mr. McCoy says in his History\\nof Baptist Indian Missions:* Our company con-\\nsisted of thirty-two persons, viz., Seven of ray own\\nfamily, Mr. Dusenberry (a teacher), six work hands\\nand eighteen of the Indian part of our family. The\\nhealth of many was by no means firm. One \u00e2\u0096\u00a0of our\\nchildren was still unwell with its late sickness. We\\nhad three wagons drawn by oxen and one by horses,\\nfifty hogs and five cows. On account of the ice, we\\nfound much difficulty in crossing the St. Mary s\\nRiver, and were able to make only about three miles\\nof our journey the first day. The. snow was about\\nthree inches deep, which we raked away with hoes,\\nuntil we found earth to make our beds upon, and\\nwhere we could kindle a fire. On the 10th, traveling\\nwas extremely difficult on account of snow and ice\\nand many deep quagmires, in a flat, wet country. I\\nlent my horse to enable some hands to go back after\\ncattle that had escaped on the preceding night, and\\nbeing compelled now to go on foot, became greatly\\nfatigued and not a little indisposed. I took a hand\\nand went ahead, and had a fire burning by the time\\nthe company came up at dark. Slowly and tediously\\nthe missionaries and their company made their way\\nthrough the woods, fording streams, crossing swamps\\nand encamping at night after the wearisome march\\nPublished in 1840; now very rare.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "mSTOKY OF CA88 COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nof the day in the most sheltered spots they could find.\\nVarious circumstances conspired to delay their pro-\\ngress. Their cattle strayed away and they had to\\nsear ch for them many hours at a time their wagons\\nbroke down and it was necessary to mend them before\\nthe company could proceed. The weather was dis-\\nagreeable and dreary; the journey full of vexation\\nand discomfort and peril. On the 12th, they passed\\nan encampment of Miamis who resided in the Potta-\\nwatomie country and with whom Mr. McCoy says he\\nhad previously little acquaintance. Mr. McCoy\\nhad by exposure contracted a serious cold, and on the\\n13th he was so ill that he could not ride on horse-\\nback and was compelled to get into a wagon. On the\\n14th, the company, after traveling all day through\\nthe fiilling snow, reached the bank of the Elkhart\\nRiver, where they encamped and butchered a hog,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2nvhich furnished them with supper and breakfast. On\\nthe following day, great difficulty was experienced\\nin crossing the river, the ice having to be first cut\\naway. On the morning of the 16th, McCoy left the\\ncamp early and wont on before the rest of the company\\nto the St. Joseph River, ten miles, to examine a\\ncrossing. On returning, he found that the company\\nhad not left camp on account of fifteen oxen having\\ngone astray. By night they were recovered.. On\\nthe morning of the 17th, McCoy, though quite sick,\\ntook two men with him ahead of the. company and\\nmade a large fire on each side of the St. Joseph, by\\nwhich the men might warm themselves occasionally\\nwhile the work of getting their wagons and stock\\nacross the icy stream was going on. All got\\nthrough safely but with much discomfort. On the\\nmorning of the 18th, says the missionary, our\\noxen were almost worn down and the company all ex-\\nceedingly anxious to terminate thejourney. We there-\\nfore made a vigorous effort to reach Bertrand s trading-\\nhouse, which we accomplished at dark. Here we\\nfound a shelter from the cold and freezing rain which\\nhad been falling on us half the day. On the follow-\\ning day, which was the eleventh of their journey, they\\nreached the mission, which was six miles from Bert-\\nrand s. They forded the river, says the late Judge\\nBacon, where is now the foot of Main street in Niles,\\ncrossing it diagonally, and handing near the rear of the\\ngarden of Mr. Colby. In an hour thereafter, they\\nreached their home in the woods. They found\\ntheir cabins unfinished, but they afforded a shelter so\\nmuch superior to what they had experienced on the\\nroad that, in the language of the patient pioneer of\\nChristianity, they were not inclined to complain.\\nMr. McCoy notes in his book that upon the 1st of\\nJanuary, they invited Topinabe and Chebass, prin-\\ncipal chiefs and some others, to partake of a frugal\\nmeal with us, some attention having generally been\\npaid to the 25th of December and the 1st of January,\\nby white men among them, most of whom have been\\nFrench Catholics, from whom the natives derived a\\nknowledge of these holidays. The Indians fully\\nappreciated the treatment they received from the mis-\\nsionaries, upon this and other occasions, and one of\\nthem said privately to the interpreter, that they\\ncould not think there were any more such good people\\namong the whites.\\nThe experience of the people at Carey, during the\\nfirst winter they spent there, was very severe. The\\nearth was covered with snow from the time they\\nreached the station until the 20th of March, and it\\nwas generally from ten to fifteen inches deep. The\\nweather continued cold, and the houses being unfin-\\nished, were very uncomfortable. For the comfort of\\nfifty people, there were but four fires, and one of them\\na kitchen fire. Out of doors, business went on slowly,\\non account of the severity of the weather, says the\\nhistorian, and he adds, our religious services ap-\\npeared to be attended with cold hearts as well as cold\\nfeet.\\nAdded to their other troubles during the winter of\\n1822-23, was the scarcity of food. The teams which\\nthey had dispatched to Ohio for a supply of Hour\\nsoon after they arrived at Carey, and which they sup-\\nposed would return within a month, were delayed, and\\nfrom the middle of January until the 13th of February,\\nwhen they finally did arrive, there was actual suffering\\nfor want of sufficient provisions. A few extracts from\\nthe mission journals show with painful plainness the\\nsituation of these isolated pioneers\\nFebruary 1st. Having eaten up our corn, and\\nhaving only flour enough for one meal, we sent five\\nof our stoutest Indian boys five miles to an Indian\\ntrader, and borrowed a barrel of flour and a bushel of\\ncorn. Our teams were absent and the boys carried it\\nhome on their backs. The flour was damaged\\nnevertheless it was very acceptable to us.\\nFebruary 7. Ate our last meal of bread for break-\\nfast, which was so scarce that we had to divide it\\ncarefully, that every one might have a little. We\\nhad saved a few pounds of Hour for the small children,\\nwhose necessities were increased by-the want of the\\nvaluable article of milk. Sent out an Indian to en-\\ndeavor to buy corn, who returned with about six\\nquarts, which was all he could get. We sent an In-\\ndian and a white man to Fort Wayne to see what was\\ndetaining our wagons and should they not meet the\\nteams on this si le, they are directed to hire horses and\\nfetch flour to us.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "54\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nFebruary 8. Breakfasted upon the corn we hail\\nprocured the preceding day. Blessed be God, we\\nhave not yet suflfered for want of food, because corn\\nis an excellent substitute for bread. But having now\\neaten our last corn, we cannot avoid feeling some un-\\neasiness about the next meal.\\nRegardless of the deep snow, and of his poor health,\\nMcCoy now set forth attended by an Indian, in quest\\nof corn. His thought was to procure some from the\\nIndians in the neighboring villages, who had small\\nquantities buried in caches, but scarcely as much as\\nthey would themselves need. The missionary says\\nMy own anxieties were very great. I could not\\ncontemplate the destitute condition of so many persons,\\namong whom were my wife and my children, when\\nthe probabilities of extreme suffering, not to say I\\nperishing, were thickening around us, without feelings\\nwhich can better be imagined than described.\\nHe was slowly working his way through the track-\\nless waste of snow when he met Bertrand, the trader, i\\nThe old Frenchman told McCoy that it was extremely\\nimprobable that the Indians were at their villages,\\nand that in their absence it would be impossible on\\naccount of the snow to discover the caches, but, said\\nhe generously, I got some corn, some flour; I give\\nyou half Suppose you die, I die too. McCoy\\nreturned with his horse heavily loaded with corn and\\nflour, anticipating as he laboriously made his way\\nhomeward, the joy that his success would cause at the\\nmission. Arriving there, he was not a little astonished\\nto find his people regaling themselves with a substan-\\ntial meal of sweet corn. He had scarcely ridden out\\nof sight of the mission in the morning when an aged\\nPottawatomie woman, a widow, their nearest neighbor,\\nwho herself had nothing on which to live except a\\nlimited supply of corn and beans, appeared at the\\nhouse with a sufficient supply of sweet corn to make a\\nliberal meal for the entire family. Thus, says\\nthe pious missionary, in chronicling an account of the\\nday, thus we had scarcely eaten our last meal, when\\nGod sent us another. On the same day, four other\\nPottawatomie women, whom the kind widow had told\\nof the condition of want at the mission, came in, bear-\\ning upon their backs about three bushels of potatoes.\\nOn the 10th of February, two Indians brought a\\nbushel of corn each, and two traders, who had received\\nnews of the scarcity, came into the mission a distance of\\nfifteen miles, bringing lialf of a pittance of flour\\nthey had. These instances of the kindness of human\\nnature would bear chronicling in letters of gold.\\nBut now that one immediate peril was escaped,\\nanother arose. McCoy, whose system had been\\nseverely worn by labor and exposure, privation and\\n9.nxiety, became very siok with a fever, suff ered oiuob\\nphysical pain, and for a time lay in delerium. His\\nlife was despaired of, but, after a number of days of\\nextreme illness, he began to improve upon the 20th\\nof February.\\nThe wagons with supplies which had been long ex-\\npected from Ohio, arrived on the 13th. Mr. John-\\nston Lykins, a valued assistant of Mr. McCoy s, ^yho\\nhad been long absent, arrived on the 21st. The re-\\nturn of this useful member of the family, the arrival\\nof food and other supplies and the approach of spring,\\nall combined to work an improvement at the mission,\\nand the hearts of the people, which had been very\\nsorrowful and full of foreboding during the winter,\\ngrew lighter. Mr. McCoy s convalescence was slow,\\nbut quite regular and assuring, and the future looked\\npromising and bright. Encouraging news was also\\nreceived about this time from an agent who had been\\nemployed to solicit aid for the Mission, and word came,\\nfrom various sources that benevolent people in Ohio\\nand the East had increased their liberality to the\\ncause and were taking a deep interest in the labors of\\nMr. McCoy and his companions among the Pottawat-\\nomies.\\nThe school had by this time thirty-six scholars. It\\nhad been opened on the 27th of January, 1823, in a\\nbuilding erected for the purpose, and finished at that\\ntime, with the important exceptions of laying a floor,\\nbuilding a chimney and hanging a door in the open-\\ning intended for one. It was used for some time be-\\nfore these elements, which would now be considered as\\nnecessities, were added, and teachers and pupils sat\\nabout a fire, built on the ground in the middle of the\\nroom, suffering greatly from the cold and smoke. All\\nwas prosperous with the Carey Mission in the spring\\nand summer of 1823, and Mr. McCoy was successful\\nin establishing another mission, which was known as\\nThomas, upon the Grand River, among the Ottawas.\\nIn June, 1828, Carey was visited by Maj. S. H.\\nLong and his party, who were on their way to the\\nheadwaters of the Mississippi. William H. Keating,\\nwho was one of the company, gave a very interesting\\ndescription of the mission in the first volume of Maj.\\nLong s report of the expedition. Passing from Fort\\nWayne to Chicago, he says There is in this neigh-\\nborhood an establishment which, by the philanthropic\\nviews which have led to its establishment, and by the\\nboundless charity with which it is administered, com-\\npensates, in a measure, for the insult offered to the\\nlaws of God and man by the traders.\\nThe Carey Mission House, so designated in honor of\\nthe late Mr. Carey, the indefatigable apostle of India,\\nis situated within half a mile of the River St. Joseph.\\nThe spot was covered with a very\\ndense forest seven months before the time we visited", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\n55\\nit; but by the great activity of the superintendent he\\nhas succeeded in the course of this short time in build-\\ning six good log houses, four of which afford com-\\nfortable residence to the inmates of the establishment\\na fifth is used as a school-room, and the sixth forms a\\ncommodious blacksmith shop. In addition to this,\\nthey have cleared about fifty acres of land, which are\\nnearly all inclosed by a substantial fence. Forty\\nacres have already been plowed and planted with\\nmaize, and every step has been taken to place the\\nestablishment upon an independent footing. The\\nschool consists of from forty to sixty children. The\\nplan adopted appears to be a very judicious one.\\nThe plan adopted in the school purposes to unite a\\npractical with an intellectual education. The boys\\nare instructed in the English language, in reading,\\nwriting and arithmetic they are made to attend the\\nusual avocations of a farm, and to perform every\\noperation connected with it, such as plowing, planting,\\nharrowing, etc., and in these pursuits they seem to\\ntake great delight. The system being well regulated,\\nthey find time for everything not only for study and\\nlabor, but also for innocent recreation, in which they\\nare encouraged to indulge and the hours allotted to\\nrecreation may, perhaps, be viewed as productive of\\nresults fully as important as those accruing from more\\nserious pursuits. The females receive in the school\\nthe same instruction which is given to the boys, and\\nare in addition to this taught spinning, weaving and\\nsewing, both plain and ornamental. They were just\\nbeginning to embroider an occupation which may, by\\nsome, be considered as unsuitable to the situation\\nwhich they are destined to hold in life, but which ap-\\npears to us very judiciously used as a reward and a\\nstimulus. They are likewise made to attend to the\\npursuits of the dairy, such as milking of cows, etc.\\nAll appear to be very happy and to make as rapid\\nprogress as white children of the same age would\\nmake. Their principal excellence rests in works of\\nimitation. They write astonishingly well, and many\\ndisplay great natural talent for drawing. The insti-\\ntution receives the countenance of the most rtspecta-\\nble among the Indians. There are in the school two\\nof the grandchildren of Topinabe, the great heredi-\\ntary chief of the Pottowatomies. The Indians visit\\nthe establishment occasionally and appear pleased with\\nit. The (mission) family have a flock of one hundred\\nsheep, collected in Tennessee, Kentucky and Ohio,\\nand are daily expecting two hundred head of cattle\\nfrom the same States. These contributions, together\\nwith the produce of their farm, will, it is thought,\\nprevent them from being exposed to suffer as much\\nfrom scarcity of provisions as they have already\\ndone.\\nDuring a portion of this summer, the mission people\\nwere again on very short allowance. One day in June,\\nthey sent out two men to purchase corn, if any could\\nbe found, as they had not enough to last through the\\nday. A small quantity was obtained from an Indian\\nand a little damaged flour from a trader. The In-\\ndian, says McCoy, had not the corn to spare with-\\nout risking his own comfort, and refused to sell it, but\\nsaid: It is too hard to be hungry. I will give my\\nfather that sackful. I believe I will lose nothing by\\nit. I think he will give me an equal quantity when\\nhe shall get corn.\\nTwo day days after that occurrence, a herd of 121\\ncattle arrived, a portion of the 200 which Mr. Keat-\\ning, in his report, said were expected. Some had been\\nleft at Fort Wayne.\\nMr. McCoy had contracted with the captain of a\\nvessel on the lakes to bring them a loaS of flour to\\nthe mouth of the St. Joseph River. It was to be de-\\nlivered by the middle of June,, but did not come to\\nhand, and the missionaries learned that the captain\\nhad violated his agreement, finding that he could dis-\\npose of his cargo at a better price than had been con-\\ntracted. This was a great disappointment and sub-\\njected the people to inconvenience and loss. Their\\nchief reliance for breadstuffs, until they could pro-\\nduce them at the mission, was to transport them, by\\nwagons, 200 miles. This was very expensive, but\\nnecessity induced the immediate sending off of teams\\nfor the purpose.\\nDuring the summer, Mr. McCoy was busied, a large\\nportion of his time, in agitating a scheme for coloniz-\\ning the Indians in the West, and carried on an exten-\\nsive correspondence with Lewis Cass, Governor of the\\nTerritory of Michigan, and several members of Con-\\ngress, as well as influential citizens of Ohio and Indi-\\nana. He also brought the matter to the attention of\\nthe Missionary Board.\\nAlthough the season had been one of general pros-\\nperity, there was a scarcity of breadstuffs at the mis-\\nsion 900 bushels of corn were gathered in the fall\\nand a large quantity of vegetables, but no wheat had\\nthus far been grown, and all the flour used was trans-\\nported overland from Ohio. The mission was in debt\\nseveral hundred dollars. To make matters worse, a com-\\nmunication was received from the agent of the Board\\nof Missions, saying that its funds were exhausted and\\nthat no more drafts could be drawn on the Treasurer.\\nThe mission had grown and its expenses had in-\\ncreased in proporti on. Miss Fanny Goodridge, of\\nLexington, Ky., had entered the mission as a teacher\\nin November, and a Miss Wright and a Miss Purchase,\\nof Ohio, and Mr. and Mrs. Polke, of Indiana, had\\neither arrived or were soon expected.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "56\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nToward the close of the year (1823), McCoy, urged\\nby the growing needs of the mission and the decreas\\ning flow of aid toward it, set out upon a journey East\\nin order to solicit contributions from the charitably\\ndisposed. He visited Washington, Philadelphia, Bos\\nton and New York and other places, making repre\\nsentations of the conditions and wants of the mission\\nand everywhere received liberal donations of clothing\\nfood supplies, books and over $2,000 in money.\\nOn the 25th of May, 1824, he embarked at Buffalo\\nupon a schooner, which he had chartered for the pur-\\npose of taking his goods directly to the mouth of the\\nSt. Joseph. He left the vessel at Detroit, and crossed\\nthe Peninsula on horseback, arriving at Carey June\\n11. There were at this time no inhabitants at the\\nmouth of the St. Joseph, and McCoy sent two young\\nIndians there, instructing them to keep a great fire\\nburning day Snd night to attract the attention of the\\nsailors upon the schooner to the point where the cargo\\nshould be landed. The arrival of the vessel was\\nlooked forward to with very pleasant anticipations\\nand with considerable impatience. There was no\\nflour at Carey, and the Indians who were sent down\\nto the shore of Lake Michigan were told to open the\\nfirst barrel landed from the schooner, and hasten back\\nwith as much as they could carry. Mr. McCoy says\\nAll except myself were in good spirits in regard to\\nfood, hourly expecting the arrival of the vessel. I\\nfeared that contrary winds or other hindrance might\\ncause us to sufi er, but I concealed my anxiety. On\\nthe 18th (of June) we had only corn enough for one\\nday, but our merciful God was still near us.\\nOn the evening of the 18th, to our great joy, and\\nmine in particular, one of the young men arrived with\\na mule packed with flour. Their ship had come in.\\nThe goods unloaded at the mouth of the river were\\nconveyed to Carey in pirogues (large canoes), Mr.\\nPolke superintending the labor, which occupied a con-\\nsiderable time, the articles to be transported, includ-\\ning a hundred barrels of flour, twenty-four barrels of\\nsalt and thirty bushels of wheat for seed, and many\\nboxes of miscellaneous supplies, clothing and books.\\nFrom this time forward the mission did not sufi er\\nfor want of bread, nor did the pecuniary wants ever\\nagain become so great as they had been. It is fur-\\nther stated that from this time until, by an arrange-\\nment with the Government in 1830, the affairs of the\\nmission were wound up, the people at Carey never\\nhad occasion to draw on the Board of Missions.\\nDuring the next two years, Mr. McCoy and his as-\\nsociates had much to be grateful for. The Superin-\\ntendent notes in his book, in the summer of 1824,\\nthat it was discovered that the prejudices of the\\nPottawatomies, with which they had to contend at\\nfirst, had almost wholly vanished from among those\\nwho were near us. We had never before seen a time\\nwhen our Indian neighbors manifested so much inter-\\nest in the mission. Applications to us to take their\\nchildren into our family were frequent, and their at-\\ntention to religious instruction appeared to increase.\\nOne or two of the neighboring Indian villages were\\nvisited every Sunday. The number of pupils in the\\nschool was considerably augmented. Materially, as\\nwell as religiously, the affairs of the mission were\\nprosperous. More than two hundred acres of land\\nwas inclosed with fence, and over three hundred bush-\\nels of wheat were harvested in each of the years 1824\\nand 1825. A horse-power flouring-mill was also\\nerected the first in Michigan west of Ann Arbor or\\nTecumseh.\\nJohn L. Leib, Esq., of Detroit, a Government\\nCommissioner appointed to examine the condition of\\naffairs at the mission, spent three days there in 1824\\nthe last day of October and the first two of No-\\nvember. His report to Gov. Cass was very compli-\\nmentary to the missionaries. One sentence from this\\npaper will convey an idea of the whole. He says\\nI beheld a colony firmly settled, numerous, uivilized\\nand happy, with every attendant blessing, flowing\\nfrom a well regulated, industrious and religious com-\\nmunity.\\nMr. Leib made a second visit, in the latter part of\\nAugust, 1826. We make liberal extracts from his\\nreport* to the Governor, describing the mission\\nOn the 15th of August, I proceeded to the Carey\\nestablishment, on the St. Joseph s, where I ar-\\nrived on the 21st, and was much gratified with its im-\\nprovement in all departments. It is a world in min-\\niature, and presents the most cheerful and consoling\\nappearance. It has become a familiar resort of the\\nnatives, and from the benefits which they derive from\\nit in various shapes, they begin to feel a dependence\\non and a resource in it at all times, and especially in\\ndifiicult and trying occasions. There is not a day I\\nmight almost say an hour in which new faces were\\nnot to \u00e2\u0099\u00a6e seen. The smithey afi ords them almost\\nincalculable facilities, and is constantly filled with ap-\\nplicants for some essential service. It is a touching\\nspectacle to see them, at the time of prayers, fall in\\nwith the members of the institution, which they do\\nspontaneously and cheerfully, and, with a certain\\nanimation depicted on their countenances exhibiting\\ntheir internal satisfaction.\\nThe missionaries permanently connected with this\\ninstitution, beside the superintendent and his wife,\\nare Robert Simmerwell and wife, Jonathan Meeker\\nand Johnston Lykins, who is now constituted the\\nThe documeat is published in Mr. McCoy s history.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "GAMALIEL TOJ^NfSEfslD.\\nGAMALIEL TOWNSEND.\\nThe subject of this sketch was born January 20,1802,\\nin Canada, and was the son of Abraham Townsend, the\\npioneer of La Grange Township. He removed with his\\nparents to Huron Co., Ohio, in 1815, where he married\\nin February, 1825, his first wife, Malinda Brown. In\\n1826, he emigrated to Michigan from Perrysburg,\\nOhio. He was in company with Israel Markham and\\nothers who had two yoke of oxen. Mr. Townsend s\\nteam consisted of a yoke of oxen with ahorse hitched\\nahead of them. The party left Perrysburg on June\\n10, and arrived at Uzziel Putnam s, on Pokagon\\nPrairie, upon July 4. It is probable that the anni-\\nversary of national independence was first celebrated\\nin Cass County upon that day in the enjoyable meeting\\nof these pioneers. Mr. Townsend s journey, occupy,\\ning nearly a month s time, was not as disagreeable as\\nthat of the majority of early emigrants to Southwest-\\nern Michigan, for it was made in a pleasant season of\\nthe year and with good company. They had cows\\nwith them and therefore plenty of milk to use with\\ntheir humble but substantia! fare. They made slow\\nprogress and encamped in the most favorable places\\nat night. While they were winding their way through\\nthe heavy woods between Monroe and Tecumseh,\\nIsrael Markham s wagon broke down and the whole\\ncompany was delayed three days awaiting its repair.\\nThe subject of our sketch worked during his first\\nsummer in Michigan for the Carey Mission people,\\ncutting with Abraham Loux forty tons of wild hay,\\nnear Barren Lake. The second season they cut in\\nthe same vicinity about eighty tons. In 1829, Mr.\\nTownsend moved to La Grange Township, settling\\nwhere he now lives. He kept the first post office in\\nthe township, in 1830, at his father s house. In 1832,\\nwhen the Sauk or Black Hawk war broke out, he\\nserved as a Lieutenant in the militia. His first wife\\ndying in 1838, Mr. Townsend married in November,\\n1841, Charlotte Hunter, whose family became settlers\\nin the vicinity in 1831. The children are Statta and\\nAbraham (deceased); Gamaliel, a resident of the towii-\\nsliip; John H., who died in California Otis, Clau-\\ndius, Agnes, Lewis, Candice and George. For the\\npast ten years, Mr. Townsend has sufi ered the affliction\\nof almost total blindness, but otherwise has enjoyed\\ngood health, considering his advanced age, and has been\\nthe deserving recipient of very many of the blessings\\nof life.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "LiZZIEL F\\\\JT\\\\4AfA.\\norleaN PiirNy^jvi", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nsuperintendent of a missionary station called Thomas,\\non Grand River, a ramification from the St. Joseph s.\\nThere are at present seventy scholars, forty-two\\nmales and twenty-eight females, in various stages of\\nimprovement. Eight of the alumni of\\nthis institution, who have completed the first rudi-\\nments of education, have been transferred to acade-\\nmies in New Jersey and New York. Two of the\\nboys at Carey are learning the trades of blacksmith\\nand shoemaker the remainder, of sufficient size,\\nare employed occasionally on the farm. The girls\\nare engaged in spinning, knitting and weaving, and\\nthe loom has produced 185 yards of cloth this year.\\nTwo hundred and three acres are now inclosed, of\\nwhich fifteen are in wheat, fifty in Indian corn,\\neight in potatoes, pumpkins and other vegetable pro-\\nducts. The residue is appropriated for pasture.\\nThere have been added to the buildings since my\\nlast visit a house and a most excellent grist-mill,\\nworked by horses. The usefulness of this mill can\\nscarcely be appreciated, as there is no other within\\n100 miles at least, of the establishment and here, as\\nbenevolence is the predominating principle, all the\\nsurrounding population is benefitted.\\nNumerous Ifldian families have since my last\\nvisit settled themselves around, and have, from the\\nencouragement, countenance and assistance of the\\nmissionary family, made considerable progress in\\nagriculture. Indeed, a whole village has been formed\\nwithin six miles of it, under its benevolent auspices\\nand fostering care. I visited them to witness myself\\nthe change in their condition. To good fences, with\\nwhich many of their grounds are inclosed, succeed\\ndomestic animals. You now see oxen, cows and\\nswine grazing around their dwellings, without the\\ndanger of destroying their crops. These are the\\nstrongest evidences of their improvement, and not\\nthe least of the benefits arising from the neighbor-\\nhood of this blessed abode of the virtuous inmates of\\nCarey.\\nIt is not in the immediate neighborhood alone\\nthat the efforts of missionary exertion are felt. In\\ndistant places, near the moutH of the St. Joseph, and\\non the Grand River, the most surprising changes\\nhave taken place. Strong and effective inclosures\\nare made and making, and stock acquired, and at the\\nlatter place the missionary family have erected several\\nspacious buildings, including a schoolhouse, and\\nimproved some lands.\\nIn September, 1827, the missionaries had the pleas-\\nure of entertaining a distinguished visitor, Gov. Cass,\\nwho had been from the first a warm friend of the\\nestablishment. The Governor was one of three com-\\nmissioners appointed by the United States to negotiate\\na treaty with the St. Joseph Pottawatomies. While\\nnegotiations were pending, Gov. Cass and the mem-\\nbers of his party carefully investigated the management\\nof the mission, and spoke of it in terms of approbation\\nand admiration.\\nCarey Mission had now been in existence about five\\nyears. Although many of the hopes entertained by\\nMr. McCoy and his helpers had been realized in the\\ninstitution, and notwithstanding the fact that it had\\nbeen in a general way successful, it was foreseen that\\nits usefulness could not long continue. It was known\\nfrom the beginning that when the Indian title to the\\nland had been extended, and the country occupied by\\nwhite settlers, the native people, and the religious in-\\nstitution planted in their midst, must inevitably be\\ncrowded out. Hence, for some time prior to 1827,\\nMr. McCoy had been devoting much attention to the\\nprojoct of removal. The stream of immigration over-\\nwhelmed the mission even sooner than its people had\\nexpected. One of the potent evils arising from the\\nproximity of the whites was the wholesale furnishing\\nof liquor to the Indians, and their terrible debauchery\\nthrough its use. The traders could not be restrained\\nfrom the traffic in whisky, and the missionaries felt\\nthat their strongest efforts were powerless to advance\\nthe condition of the Indian while they had to contend\\nwith it.\\nThe mission was not entirely suspended until 1830.\\nIn September of that year, Charles Noble, Esq., of\\nMichigan, and Mr. Simonson, of Indiana, made a\\nvaluation of the Carey property, appraising the im-\\nprovements at $5,080, and the growing crop at\\n$641.50. The total of these amounts was paid to\\nthe Board of Missions by Government, and was after-\\nwards applied in establishing a mission in the West.\\nThe school was discontinued at this time, with the\\nexception of a half dozen pupils, who remained a few\\nmonths in charge of two of the missionaries Mr. and\\nMrs. Simmerwell who remained in the country,\\nand subsequently located at a spot not far from\\nCarey.\\nThe establishment of Carey Mission, as we have\\nsaid at the outset of this chapter, was an important\\nevent in the history of Southwestern Michigan. It\\nwas the chief nucleus of early settlement. The con-\\ndition of many of the pioneers was ameliorated in a\\nlarge measure by their close proximity to this station.\\nSome of them earned money there, and made their\\nstart in life with the proceeds of labor performed for\\nMcCoy. Many of the early settlers of Cass County\\nfound the mission a convenient place from which to\\nprocure seed for planting and various necessary sup-\\nplies. The mill at Carey supplied them with flour and\\nmeal, and obviated the necessity of making long and", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\ntedious trips to remote settlements, or the alternative\\nof grinding by hand. In a score of ways the mission\\nwas advantageous to the people who located in the\\nregion surrounding it.\\nCHAPTEE IX.\\nADVENT OF THE WHITE MAN AS A SETTLER.\\nIndian Traders\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Zacclieus Wooden, the Trapper\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His Visit to Cass\\nCountyin 1814-15\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tlie White Man as a Permanent Settler\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First\\nSettlement in the Interior of the State\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Earliest Settlement in Ber-\\nrien County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Pioneers Enter Pokagon\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Dates of Early Settle-\\nments throughout Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Causes Operating to Ketard Immi-\\ngration\u00e2\u0080\u0094The Sauk or Black Hawk War Scare\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The .lune Frost of\\nIS. K.\\nTHE earliest white men in Southwestern Michigan\\nwere the adventurous characters who traded with\\nthe Indians. At Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, Bert-\\nrand and St. Joseph, in Michigan, and South Bend\\nand Elkhart, in Indiana, were important trading sta-\\ntions, some of which were maintained for long terms\\nof years. So far as is known, there was no station\\nwithin the present limits of Cass County. This region\\nwas tributary to the traders at St. Joseph, and upon\\nthe site of Bertrand and the Indians took the pel-\\ntries which they gathered in its woods and upon its\\nprairies, and upon the margins of its lakes, to one or\\nthe other of those localities.\\nA Frenchman named Le Clere was the first trader\\nlocated at Bertrand, and it is probable that he estab-\\nlished himself there as early as 1775. He was suc-\\nceeded by John Kinzie, and he by Joseph Bertrand,\\nafter whom the place was named, in 1814. In the\\nmeantime, Abraham Burnett had settled at the mouth\\nof the river. Both Bertrand and Burnett made im-\\nprovements, which indicated their intention to remain\\nas permanent settlers.\\nThe first well-authenticated visit of a white man to\\nthe region now known as Cass County was made by\\nZaccheus Wooden. He was a native of Saratoga\\nCounty, N. Y., and, in 1813, when nineteen years of\\nage, he went to Cuyahoga County, Ohio. In the fol-\\nlowing spring, being of an adventurous turn of mind,\\nin company with eleven others, he engaged to go on a\\ntrapping expedition for that king of fur-traders,\\nJohn Jacob Astor. The party proceeded through the\\nwoods from Cleveland to Monroe, Mich., where\\nthere was a small settlement, and there divided into\\npairs and penetrated the forest in various directions.\\nWooden and his companion went up the River Raisin,\\nand thence to Elkhart. Making this place a rendez-\\nvous, they followed the various water-courses, and vis-\\nited the lakes in the surrounding country, setting\\ntheir traps where the otter, beaver, mink, muskrat and\\nother fur-bearinp animals did most abound.\\nThe only white man Wooden saw after leaving\\nMonroe was a Frenchman named John Kabeau, who\\nlived with an Indian wife in a little hut on the bank\\nof Pleasant Lake, near the site of Edwardsburg. He\\nwas a trapper, and undoubtedly in the employ of\\nBertrand. Upon a little piece of poorly-cultivated\\nground near his cabin, he raised sufficient c rn to sup-\\nply the needs of himself and dusky partner, and he\\neven had a little to spare, which his visitor was glad\\nto buy on several occasions. During most of the time\\nthat Wooden was engaged in trapping in Cass\\nCounty, he was alone. He visited Diamond Lake and\\nStone Lake, spending two weeks upon the banks of the\\nlatter. Near Diamond Lake there was a beaver dam,\\nand he there secured quite a large number of skins.\\nHis food consisted of corn-meal cake, salt, and such\\ngame as he chanced to secure. Beaver livers, pre-\\npared by a peculiar process and dried, were consid-\\nered a great delicacy. The trapping was carried on\\nin Cass County from November to April in the years\\n1814-15, and, in subsequent seasons Mr. Wooden s\\navocation led him to other parts of the country.\\nThere is something quite engaging in the contem-\\nplation of the rude, free life of the trapper, and the\\njoys that must have been his in traversing so beautiful\\na region while it was still in a state of nature.\\nBut it is the advent of the white man as a perma-\\nnent settler which must most interest all of those per-\\nsons who now enjoy, or in the future shall enjoy,\\nthose blessings which the pioneers of Cass County,\\nhaving laboriously earned, left to them as a free but\\npriceless legacy.\\nThe first permanent settlement in the interior of\\nMichigan was made in Oakland County in the spring\\nof 1817.\\nIn the preceding chapter a full history has been\\ngiven of that guiding star of the pioneer, the Carey\\nMission, founded by the zealous McCoy in 1822. The\\neffect of that missionary station in the wilderness\\nhas been fully described. It was the center of settle-\\nment for Cass and Berrien Counties.\\nThe first actual settler in Berrien County was\\nS([uire Thompson, who located at Niles, in 1823, and\\nbrought his family there in the following year.\\nIn 1825, upon the 22d of November, Uzziel Put-\\nnam made the primal settlement in Cass County,\\nmoving onto Pokagon Prairie, where he lived until his\\ndeath, in the summer of 1881, witnessing that won-\\nderful work of development which in a half century\\nconverted the surrounding country from an uninhabited\\nand trackless expanse of woods and prairies into one of\\nthe best improved and most beautiful farming regions\\nof the West. Baldwin Jenkins was the second settler,\\nand arrived in less than a week from the time that Put-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "lllsroKY OF A?\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2OI .NTY, MICIIhJAN.\\nnam came into the country. In the spring of 18 27,\\nSquire Thompson removed from Niles to Pokagon.\\nThe settlement was further increased by the arrival of\\nIra Putnam and Lewis Edwards.\\nIn the meantime the southern part of the county\\nbecame the scene of pioneer beginnings, Ezra\\nBeardsley making his home, in 182 upon the prairie\\nin Ontwa, which bears his name.\\nIn the following year, the Pokagon settlement re-\\nreceived accessions to its population in the persons of\\nWilliam Garwood and Israel Markhara with his several\\nsons, and Beardsley was cheered by the arrival of sev-\\neral neighbors, among whom were George and Sylves-\\nter Meacham, George Crawford and Chester Sage.\\nVery naturally the earliest locations were made\\nupon the prairies, and the heavy timbered land from\\nwhich farms could only be hewn out by almost hercu-\\nlean toil were as a rule the last chosen by immigrants.\\nMany of the pioneers had already experienced a battle\\nwith the forest in Ohio or Indiana, and for such the\\nprairies possessed beauties which were hidden from\\nother eyes.\\nLa Grange Prairie was the scene of the next settle-\\nment, and Abraham Townsend was the first man who\\nbuilt a cabin there. His son, Gamaliel, and himself,\\nwith other members of the family, airived upon the\\n1st of March. Soon after, came Lawrence and James\\nCavanaugh and Abraham Loux, and in October Thomas\\nMcKenney and James Dickson settled on the prairie\\nwhich bears the name of the former. In the same\\nmonth, the family of William R. Wright located on\\nLa Grange Prairie.\\nPenn Township was permanently settled soon after\\nLa Grange and had some S(juatter residents at a prior\\ndate. Joseph Frakes, who arrived in 1827, was the\\nfirst of these. In 1828, after a short visit to Ohio,\\nhe returned, with his bride, and subsequently removed\\nto Kalamazoo County. He made the positive state-\\nment to the writer of his biography in the history of\\nthat county that he was the first settler in Penn. In\\n1828. settlements were also made by Rodney Hinkley,\\nDaniel Shaffer, John Reed and some others, all of\\nwhom, however, sold out their claims the following\\nseason, except Shaffer. John Reed conveyed his im-\\nprovement to Daniel Mcintosh. Other settlers of\\n1829 were George Jones and his sons, John Price,\\nJohn Rinehart and sons, Stephen Bogue, William\\nMcCleary and Martin Shields.\\nJefferson Township was settled in October, 1828,\\nby Nathan Norton, Abner Tharp, Moses and Will-\\niam Reames, all of whom made permanent locations\\nexcept Tharp. He removed to Calvin in the spring j\\nof 1829, and in 1830 returned to Jefferson. He\\nsoon after went to one of the Western States, but sub-\\nsequently returned and settled in Brownsville. John\\nReed moved into the township from Penn, in the fall\\nof 1829, and was the second settler there.\\nIn Porter, John Baldwin was the pioneer, locating\\non the prairie which bears his name, in 1828. Will-\\niam Tibbetts and Daniel Shellhammer settled in the\\nsouth part of the township in 1829, and John White\\nin the north part the same year.\\nVolinia was settled in 1829. Samuel and Dolphin\\nMorris arrived upon the 27th of March, and three\\ndays later Jonathan Gard settled on Gard s Prairie,\\nand Elijah Goble and Samuel Rich, on the western\\nside of Little Prairie Ronde. Both parties were\\nguided to their locations by Squire Thompson, of\\nPokagon. In the same season, Jacob Morland and\\nJacob Charles arrived, and in the following year\\nJosephus Gard, William Tietsort, John Curry and\\nSamuel and Alexander Fulton.\\nElara Beardsley was the first settler in Mason in\\n1830, and Denis Beardsley was the second settler,\\ncoming into the township in 1832.\\nHoward was settled some time prior to Mason, but\\nthe exact date is not known. The pioneer of this\\ntownship was William Kirk.\\nMilton Township was settled about the same time\\nas Mason, but it is not absolutely known who was the\\nfirst settler. The honor belongs either to John Hudson\\nor J. Mellville. The latter purchased land Septem-\\nber 24, 1829.\\nIn Newberg the first settlement was made by John.\\nBair, in 1831. He located in the southern part of\\nthe township. Daniel Driskell and George Poe ar-\\nrived in 1833. The township was settled slowly until\\nafter 1837.\\nWayne Township was settled in 1833, and Jacob\\nZimmerman was probably the pioneer.\\nIn Silver Creek the pioneer was James McDaniel,\\nwho located there in 1834. Jacob A. Suits became a\\nsettler in 1836, and there were but three other men\\nin the township when he arrived, viz., McDaniel,\\nJohn Barney and Jacob Van Horn.\\nMarcellus was the last township in the county to be\\nsettled. Joseph Haight, who arrived in 1836, was\\nthe earliest resident.*\\nThese whom we have named, their cotemporaries and\\nthose who followed closely after them were among the\\npioneers of one of the grandest armies earth ever knew\\nan army which came not to conquer with fire, antl\\nforce and carnage, but to hew away the forest, to till\\nthe prairie s pregnant soil, to make the wilderness\\nblossom as the ro.se the array of peace and civiliza-\\ntion. The pioneers were the valiant vanguard of such\\n*The Bflbject iif settlomoiit in vi-ry briefly In atfd hcrt iia it ri riuii Otc iiirRer\\nportion uf oiicU and ovcry chuptcr iil townsblp history.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "60\\nHTSTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nan army as this an array which, after the passing of\\nhalf a century, has not fully occupied the country\\nwhich it has conquered, but whose hosts are still fast\\nand irresistibly pressing onward.\\nThe settlement of Cass County did not proceed\\nuniformly or unbrokenly. Several disturbing in-\\nfluences had an effect upon the current of emigra-\\ntion.\\nThe first of these was the scare which the far-away\\nSauk or Black Hawk war created in 1832. The\\nscene of actual hostilities was in Western Illinois and\\nWisconsin but the inhabitants of the less remote West\\nwere, and not without some reason, very much\\nalarmed. There was no telegraph then as now to\\nconvey the news, and it came in the form of vague\\nrumors, and imagination picture! a hundred horrors\\nfor every one related. There were two grounds of fear\\nfirst that the terrible Sauks would invade the country,\\nand second that the Pottawatomies. scattered through\\nSouthwestern Michigan, would become inflamed by\\nnews of the hostilities and either join the force of\\nBlack Hawk or wage war independently. When the\\ndread tidings of the Sauk uprising were received at\\nChicago, the Government agent there sent an express\\nto Michigan asking for the aid of the militia of the\\nTerritory in defending that point. Gen. Joseph W.\\nBrown commanded his brigade to take the field, ap-\\npointing Niles as the place of rendezvous. Those\\nwho arrived there by the 24th of May were mustered\\nand marched out toward Chicago. Cass County\\nfurnished as many men as her small population would\\nallow. The news was brought to Cassopolis by Col.\\nA. Houston and communicated to Abram Tietsort,\\nJr., whose duty it was, as Sergeant of the company, to\\nnotify members of the order issued by their com-\\nmander. Isaac Shurte was Captain, and Gamaliel\\nTownsend, one of the Lieutenants. There was great\\nagitation in the scattered prairie settlements of the\\ncounty as the order to turn out was carried from\\nhouse to house, and still greater when the men started\\naway from their homes for what their wives and chil-\\ndren supposed was to be mortal combat with the fero-\\ncious Sauks and Foxes.\\nThe terror of those left unprotected Vas very real\\nand very intense, although when the actual condition\\nof affairs was learned, when it was found that there\\nhad been no hostile Indians within two or three hun-\\ndred miles of Michigan, some of the occurrences dur-\\ning the season of supposed danger appeared rather\\nridiculous. The few settlers in the central part of\\nthe county seriously considered the project of taking\\nrefuge upon the island in Diamond Lake and for-\\ntifying it against the enemy, and would undoujjtedly\\nhave done so had their suspense not been ended just\\nwhen it was. The plan was certainly a feasible one,\\nand it is altogether probable that in past ages the\\nisland has served exactly the same purpose to which\\nthe alarmed inhabitants proposed to put it in 1832.\\nIt is an admirable natural stronghold.\\nIn the Volinia settlement upon the farm of Elijah\\nGoble or possibly that of Jacob Charles, the women\\nbegan to erect a fortification, but had not made much\\nprogress with their work when Samuel Morris and\\nthe Rev. Mr. Pettit arrived with information which\\nallayed their fears.\\nDuring the absence of the militiamen from the\\nsettlements, it was a common thing for the few males\\nwho remained at home, and the women and children,\\nto abandon their cabins at night and sleep in such\\nhiding-places as they could find. They were in con-\\nstant fear that the war-whoop of the Indian would\\nassail their ears, and that their cabins would be fired\\nto light the scenes of butchery that would follow.\\nOne squad of the militia returning home in the\\nevening, when near Cassopolis, greatly alarmed a\\nfamily by the name of Parker, by firing off their\\nguns. The firing was intended to serve as the signal\\nof joyful home-coming, but Parker mistook it f)r the\\nnoise of battle and fled precipitately to the bank of\\nStone Lake, and throwing himself into his canoe,\\npaddled in great haste to the center of the little sheet\\nof water, where he remained until morning.\\nOne individual in La Grange Township, who was\\nprejudiced against labor, remonstrated against the\\nplanting of corn during the season of supposed danger.\\nWhy, said he, what is the use by harvest time\\nthere won t one of us have a scalp on our heads.\\nMany of the militiamen did not go farther from\\nhome than Niles, but they each received a full month s\\npay and a land warrant. But whatever of benefit ac-\\ncrued to individuals was more than counterbalanced\\nby the effect upon the country at large. Immigration\\nwas almost completely checked. Rumors of the\\nscare found their way East, and many who contem-\\nplated coming into the country either abandoned their\\nplans altogether and sought locations in Ohio, or de-\\nlayed their settlement in Michigan for a year or so.\\nInterviews with the pioneers of Cass County reveal\\nthe fact that very few of them arrived in 1832.\\nAnother cause which affected immigration to South-\\nwestern Michigan was nothing more or less than a\\nheavy frost which occurred in June, 1835. It created\\ngreat damage to the growing crops, and the impres-\\nsion went abroad that a land in which such a catas-\\ntrophe could come to the husbandman was not a\\ndesirable one to emigrate to. The reputation of the\\nclimate received a blow from which it did not fully\\nrecover for a number of years. Of course the frost", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "LEWIS EDWAF^DS.\\nM^S. LEWIS EDWAI^DS.\\nLEWIS EDWARDS.\\nLewis Edwards, or, Squire Edwards, as he was fa-\\nmiliarly known during his lifetime, was perhaps more\\nprominently connected with the initial events in the\\nhistory of Cass County than any one else.\\nHe witnessed its transition from a wilderness to a\\nhighly productive and fertile country, from a sparsely\\nsettled region to a busy and prosperous community,\\nand in his own person so typified the agencies that\\nwrought these changes that no history of Cass County\\nwould be complete without an extended and elaborate\\nsketch of his life and that of his worthy wife, who, per-\\nhaps, is entitled to almost as much prominence as he,\\nas she bore with him the trials, hardships and depri-\\nvations of the early days.\\nHe left an enviable name and an unspotted repu-\\ntation, and so long as anything is known of the history\\nof the county of which he was one of the founders,\\nthe name of Lewis Edwards will be held in grateful\\nremembrance by those who will be reaping the\\nbenefits of his self-sacrificing toil, and the many\\nthings he did to advance the interests of the county.\\nTo his son, Lewis, the patrons of this volume are\\nindebted for the portraits of this eminent couple, and\\nto his nephew, Joseph 11. Edwards, of Cassopolis, for\\nthe ably written sketch of his life, which will be found\\non another page in this history.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TASS COUNTY. MI( I1IC.AX.\\n61\\nin June was a phenomenal occurrence. It has never\\nbeen paralleled in Cass or the adjoining counties.\\nFarmers who were living in the county at the time\\nsuffered quite severe losses. Very little other than\\nprairie land was in cultivation at that time, and hence\\nthe loss was general. Corn and all other growing\\ncrops were cut to the ground. The wheat crop was\\nan almost total failure. Many of the settlers did not\\nhave enough for seed, and had to go long distances to\\nprocure sufficient quantities for sowing and it often\\nhappened, such was the scarcity of money in those\\ndays, that they were obliged to pay for it in labor.\\nThere is some dispute among old residents as to the\\nexact date of the occurrence of this frost of 1835 but\\ngood authority places it in the night of the 19-20th\\nof June.\\nNotwithstanding the effect of the frost in retarding\\nimmigration, the records show that the land sales of\\n18-36 were larger than those of any former or subse-\\nquent year. Just how much they would have ex-\\nceeded the amount actually reached, had not the frost\\noccurred, cannot of course be determined. That in\\nCass County at least, the entries would have been\\nfar more numerous is beyond dispute. It is probable,\\nhowever, that the report concerning climatic severity\\ndid not reach the full measure of its effect unMl 1837.\\nCHAPTER X.\\nPIONEER LIFE.\\nBeauty of the Country in aState of Nature\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cabin Buildins Described-\\nFurniture and Houseliold Utensils\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Food\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Mill\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Occupations\\nof the Pioneers- Breaking -Women Spinning and Weaving-\\nSocial Amenities\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First (teneral Pioneer Gathering at Eli,|ah\\nGoble s in 1837\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Character of the Pioneers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Two Classes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 .Tob\\nWright, of Diamond Lake Island, as a Type of the Eccentric Class.\\nTHE pioneers who penetrated Southwestern Michi-\\ngan found a land as fertile and as fair to look\\nupon as heart could wish. In the spring the woods\\nwere odorous with the spicy exhalations of bursting\\nbuds, and the prairies were jeweled with strange and\\nbrilliant flowers? the stars that in earth s firmament\\ndo shine while the luxuriant growth of tall, wav-\\ning grass gave evidence of the strength of the virgin\\nsoil which it clothed. One early settler (George Red-\\nfield, of Ontwa, whose eyes for the last ten years have\\nbeen closed to the beauties of nature which he so well\\nloved) gives an enthusiastic description of the loveli-\\nness of the scene which met his gaze when he first\\nvisited Cass County. The profusion and the variety\\nof the wild flowers was remarkable. They gleamed\\nthrough the cool, green grass in countless millions.\\nMr. Redfield owns seven or eight hundred acres of\\nBeardsley s Prairie, which has been for years in a su-\\nperb condition of cultivation and inclosed with miles\\nof living fence, but he says that the land has never\\nappeared so beautiful to his eyes as it did when in a\\nstate of nature.\\nThe long aisles of the forest led away into mazes of\\nvernal green and twilight shadow, where the swift\\ndeer bounded by or paused to hear the rolling echoes\\nof the woodman s ax. The underbrush nearly every-\\nwhere had been annually burned away by the Indians,\\nand where the ground was level the vistas stretched\\nfar away, there being nothing to obstruct the vision\\nI but the brown boles of the trees which appeared like\\ninnumerable pillars supporting the fretted ceiling of a\\nvast temple.\\nThe placid and pellucid waters of the little lakes\\nmirrored the overhanging boughs of the great trees\\nwhich lined their banks and lent brightness and\\nvariety to the view.\\nAll about were displayed the lavish bounties of\\nnature. Animate life abounded in forest and in lake.\\nGame was plenty. The waters teemed with fish.\\nWater fowl swans, geese and ducks were in their\\nseason present in great flocks.\\nBut the pioneers came not to enjoy a life of lotus-\\neating ease. They could admire the pristine beauty\\nof the scenes around them they could enjoy the\\nvernal green of the great forest and the loveliness of\\nall the works of nature; they could look forward with\\nhappy anticipation to the life they were to lead in the\\nmidst of all this beauty and to the rich reward that\\ni would be theirs for the cultivation of the mellow, fer-\\nI tile soil, but they had first to work.\\nThe pioneers arriving at their places of destination\\nj after long and tedious journeying over Indian trails\\nI or roads rudely improved by the whites, as a rule\\nbrought very little with them with which to begin the\\nI battle of life. They had brave hearts and strong\\nI arms, however, and possessed invincible determina-\\ntion. Sometimes the men came on without their\\nfamilies to make a beginning, but more often all came\\ntogether. The first thing done after a rude, tempo-\\nrary shelter had been provided, was to prepare a little\\nspot of ground for the growth of some kind of a crop.\\nIf the location was in the woods, this was done by\\ngirdling the trees, clearing away the under-brush (if\\nthere chanced to be any), and sweeping the surface\\nwith fire. Ten, fifteen, twenty, or even thirty acres\\nI of land might thus be prepared and planted the first\\nseason. In the autumn, the crop would be carefully\\ngathered and garnered with the least possible waste\\nfor it was the chief food supply of the pioneer and his\\nfamily, and life itself might possibly depend upon its\\nsafe preservation.\\nWhile the first crop was growing, the pioneer\\nbusied himself with the building of his cabin, which", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "62\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nmust answer as a shelter from the storms of the com-\\ning winter, and perhaps serve as a protection from the\\nravages of wild beasts. The pioneer who was com-\\npletely isolated from his fellow-men, occupied an\\nunenviable situation for, without assistance, he could\\nconstruct only a poor habitation. In such cases, the\\ncabin was generally made of light logs or poles, and\\nwas laid up roughly only to answer the purpose of\\ntemporary shelter, until other settlers should come\\nInto the vicinity, by whose help a more solid structure\\ncould be built. Usually a number of families came\\ninto the country together, and located within such\\ndistance of each other that they were enabled to per-\\nform many friendly and neighborly offices. After\\nthe first year or two had elapsed from the first settle-\\nment of the county, there was no difficulty experienced\\nin cabin- building. Assistance was always readily\\ngiven a pioneer by all of the scattered residents of the\\ncountry within a radius of several miles. The com- i\\nmonly-followed plan of erecting a log cabin was\\nthrough a union of labor. The site of the cabin\\nhome was generally selected with reference to a good\\nwater supply. It was often by a never-failing spring\\nof pure water, or if such could not be found in a\\nlocation otherwise desirable, it was not uncommon to\\nfirst dig a well. If water was reached, preparations\\nwere made for building near the well. When the\\ncabin was to be built, the few men in the neighbor-\\nhood gathered at the site and first cut down within as\\nclose proximity as possible the requisite number of\\ntrees, as nearly of a size as could be found, but rang-\\ning from a foot to fifteen inches in diameter. Logs i\\nwere chopped from these and rolled to the common j\\ncenter where they were to be used. Often this pre-\\nliminary part of the work was performed by the\\nprospective occupant of the cabin. If not, it would\\nconsume the greater part of the day. The entire\\nlabor of erecting the cabin would commonly occupy\\ntwo or three days. The logs were raised to their\\nposition by the use of hand-spikes and skid-poles,\\nand men standing at the corners with axes notched\\nthem as fast as they were laid in position. The place\\nof corner-man was one of honor.\\nWhen the cabin was built a few logs high, the work\\nbecame more difficult. The gables were formed by\\nbeveling the logs and making them shorter and\\nshorter, as each additional one was laid in place.\\nThese logs in the gables were held in position by\\npoles which extended across the cabin from end to\\nend, and which served also as rafters upon which to\\nlay the rived clapboard roof. The so-called\\nclapboards were five or six feet in length, and\\nwere split from oak or ash logs, and made as smooth\\nand flat as possible. They were laid side by side,\\nand other pieces of split stuff were laid over the cracks\\nso as to effectually keep out the rain. Upon these\\nwere laid logs to hold them in place, and the logs\\nwere held by blocks of wood placed between them.\\nAn important part of the structure was the chim-\\nney. In rare cases it was made of stone, but most\\ncommonly of logs and sticks laid up in a manner\\nsimilar to those which formed the cabin. It was in\\nnearly all cases built outside of the cabin, and at its\\nbase a huge opening was cut through the wall for a\\nfire-place. The sticks in the chimney were held in\\nplace and protected from fire by a plastering of mud.\\nFlat stones were procured for the back and jambs of\\nthe fire-place. An opening was chopped or sawed\\nin the logs on one side of the cabin for a doorway.\\nPieces of hewn timber, three or four inches thick,\\nwere fastened on each side by wooden pins to the\\nends of the logs, and the door (if there was one), was\\nfastened to one of these by wooden or leathern hinges.\\nThe door itself was a clumsy piece of woodwork. It\\nwas made of boards rived from an oak log, and held\\ntogether by heavy cross-pieces. There was a wooden\\nlatch upon the inside, raised from without by a string\\nwhich passed through a gimlet hole. From this mode\\nof construction arose the old and well-known hospita-\\nble sayijig, You will find the latch-string always\\nout. It was only pulled in at night, and the door\\nwas thus fastened. Some of the cabins of the pioneers\\nhad no door of the kind here described, but instead\\nmerely a blanket suspended at the opening.\\nThe window was a small opening, often devoid of\\nanything resembling a sash or glass. In lieu of the\\nlatter, greased paper was frequently used and some-\\ntimes an old garment constituted a curtain, which was\\nthe only protection from sun or rain.\\nThe floor of the cabin was made of puncheons\\npieees of timber split from trees about eighteen\\ninches in diameter, and hewed smooth with a broad\\nax. They were usually half the length of the floor.\\nSome of the cabins earliest erected in this part of the\\ncounty had nothing but earth floors. Occasionally\\nthere was a cabin which had a cellar, that is a small\\nexcavation under the floor, to which access was had\\nby removing a loose puncheon. Very commonly the\\ncabins were provided with lofts. The loft was used\\nfor various purposes, and among others as the guest\\nchamber. It was reached by a ladder, the sides of\\nwhich were split pieces of sapling.\\nWhile the labor of building a rough log cabin\\nwould be concluded in two or three days, the occu-\\npant was often employed for months in finishing and\\nfurnishing it. The walls had to be chinked and\\ndaubed, various conveniences provided and a few\\nrude articles of furniture manufactured.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "IIISTOltV (\u00c2\u00bbF CASS rOtlNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nK3\\nA forked stick set in the floor and supporting two\\npoles, the other ends of which rested upon the logs\\nat the end and side of the cabin, formed a bedstead.\\nA common form of table was a split slab supported by\\nfour rustic legs set in auger holes. Three-legged\\nstools were made in similar simple manner. Pegs\\ndriven in auger holes in the logs of the wall supported\\nshelves, and upon others was displayed the limited\\nwardrobe of the family. A few other pegs or perhaps\\na pair of deer horns formed a rack where hung the\\nrifle and powder horn which no cabin was without.\\nThese and a few other simple articles formed the\\nfurniture and furnishings of the pioneer s cabin. In\\ncontrast with the rude furniture fashioned by the j\\npioneer with his poor tools there was occasionally to\\nbe seen a few souvenirs of the old home.\\nThe utensils for cooking and the dishes for table\\nuse were few. The best of the latter were made of\\npewter, and the careful housewife of the olden time\\nkept them shining as brightly as the most pretentious\\nplate to be found in our later-day fine houses. Knives\\nand forks were few, crockery scarce and tinware by\\nno means abundant.\\nCorn was frequently ground or pounded into\\ncoarse meal at home by the family of the pioneer.\\nGoing to mill was considerable of a task when a man\\nhad to journey ten or twenty miles over a bad road or\\na mere trail with his grist loaded upon a horse. The\\nfirst mill to which the pioneers of Cass County went,\\nwas one built at Dowagiac Creek, near Niles, by Eli\\nFord, in the year 1827. In the following year was\\nbuilt the first grist-mill in Cass County. It was a\\nvery primitive affair indeed, but was a great conven-\\nience to the people. It was located near the site of\\nthe village of Vandalia, upon Christiana Creek, and\\nwas built and operated by a Mr. Carpenter. The\\nbuhrs and irons of this mill were brought from\\nOhio.\\nBread was commonly baked in a reflector a\\nhuge tin receptacle which was placed before the fire\\nor in a bake kettle. Sometimes when these conven-\\niences were not at hand, corn-cake was baked in the\\nashes or upon a board or large chip. Wild fruits were\\nmade use of when they could be procured. If the\\npioneer was a hunter, as was usually the case, he kept\\nthe larder supplied with venison, wild turkeys,\\nsquirrels, and the many varieties of small game. Oc-\\ncasionally bear meat varied the bill of fare. Salt\\npork was a greater rarity and lu.xury however than\\nthe choicest game. The food of the pioneers was\\nsimply cooked and served, but it was almost always of\\nthe most substantial and wholesome kind. j\\nThe men were engaged constantly in the varied\\navocations of pioneer life cutting away the forest,\\nburning the brush and debris, preparing the soil,\\nplanting, harvesting, and caring for the few animals\\nthey brought with them or soon procured.\\nBreaking was a distinctive feature of tlie pio-\\nneer s labor, and probably the most exhausting work\\nthat a man could perform. The turf on the prairies\\nwas very tough, and the ground in most places was\\nfilled with a network of the wire-like red-root. The\\nmost diflicult plowing, however, was in the openings\\nand timber land, where, although the underbrush had\\nbeen kept down by annual fires, the roots had grown\\nto great size. These were called stools. An\\nordibary plow-team would have been worthless among\\nthe stools and grubs, and a common plow would have\\nbeen quickly demolished. The plow used was a\\nmassive construction of wood and iron, and was known\\nas the bull plow. The share and coulter were of\\niron, and made very heavy and strong. The beam\\nwas long and of huge proportions, to resist the enor-\\nmous strain brought to bear upon it. Usually the\\nweight of one of these ponderous bull plows was\\nabout three hundred pounds, and there was one in\\nuse in Cass County which weighed 500 pounds. To\\nthe bull plow were attached ordinarily six or seven\\nyoke of oxen but instances have been known where\\ntwelve and even fourteen yoke have been used to\\nadvantage. With such a team, grubs as large around\\nas a man s arm or leg were cut off as if they were so\\nmany straws. The breaking-team and the bull plow\\nwas managed by two men, one holding the plow and\\nthe other moving backward and forward along the\\nline of the team, administering stimulative blows, and\\nshouting the loud gee, whoa, haw, to guide his oxen\\nas they draw.\\nBreaking was a regular business with some of\\nthe pioneers for several years, and was followed as\\nthreshing now is. The sum of $5 per acre was the\\ncustomary price for breaking land.\\nWhile the men were engaged in the heavy work of\\nthe field or forest, their helpmeets were busied with\\na multiplicity of household duties providing for the\\nday and for the year, cooking, making and mending\\nclothes, spinning and weaving. They were heroic in\\ntheir endurance of hardship and privation and loneli-\\nness. They were, as a rule, admirably fitted by\\nnature and experience to be the consorts of the brave,\\nstrong, industrious men who first came into the West-\\nern wilderness. Their cheerful industry was well\\ndirected and unceasing. Woman s work, like man s,\\nin pioneer times, was performed under many disad-\\nvantages, which have been removed by modern skill\\nand science, and the growth of new conditions. The\\npioneer woman had not only to perform what are now-\\na-days known as common household duties, but many", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "64\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nothers. It was frequently the case that she had not\\nonly to make the clothing for the family, but the\\nfabric for it. Money was scarce, and the markets in\\nwhich satisfactory purchases might be made were far\\naway. It was the policy of the pioneer (urged by\\nnecessity), to buy nothing which could be profitably\\nproduced by home industry and so it happened that\\nin many of the cabins of the earliest settlers was heard\\nthe sound of the softly-whirring wheel and the\\nrhythmic thud of the loom, and that women were there\\nengaged in that old, old occupation of spinning and\\nweaving an occupation which has been associated\\nwith woman s name in all history, but one of which\\nthe modern world knows little except what it has\\nheard from the lips of those who are grandmothers\\nnow an occupation which seems surrounded with the\\nglamour of romance as we look back upon it through\\ntradition and poetry, and which conjures up thoughts\\nof the graces and virtues of a generation of dames and\\ndamsels which is gone. The woman of pioneer times\\nwas like the woman described by Solomon She\\nseeketh wool and fla.x, and worketh willingly with\\nher hands; she layeth her hands to the spindle and\\nher hands hold the distaff.\\nThe earliest pioneers of Cass County suffered much\\nfrom apprehension of Indian hostilities. The alarm\\nwhich was felt at the time of the Sauk war has been\\nspoken of in the preceding chapter. There were\\nmany other occasions when the occupants of lonely\\nlog cabins, with their nearest neighbors miles away,\\nwere fearful that some roving band of savages might\\ninflict atrocities upon them. The women especially\\nwere filled with a feeling of insecurity. Wild animals\\ncaused much annoyance and created great damage by\\ntheir ravages. Wolves were very numerous for the\\nfirst fifteen or twenty years, and it was only by exer-\\ncise of the utmost care that the settlers were able to\\nraise sheep. The Board of Supervisors at their Octo-\\nber meeting in 1834 resolved to give a bounty of $2\\nfor scalps of the large species of wolves, and $1.50 for\\nthe scalps of pups and prairie wolves. In 1835, the\\nbounty was raised to $5 and later to $10. The\\nState also offered a bounty, and wolf-killing being\\nmade profitable the animals were finally exterminated.\\nThe great liability to sickness which always exists in.\\na new country was another source of dread. Still\\nanother trial which was endured by the men and\\nwomen who first dwelt in the Western country, and\\none that was greater than is generally imagined, was\\nthe sense of loneliness which could not be dispelled.\\nIn the midst of all the loveliness of their surround-\\nings, and in spite of the active life they led, the early\\nsettlers experienced a deep-seated, constantly recur- j\\nring feeling of isolation, which made many stout hearts\\nturn longingly back to the older settlements, the homes\\nand friends, the companionship and the sociability\\nthey had abandoned co take up their new life in the\\nwilderness. This feeling was perhaps in the majority\\nof cases harder to bear than the privations and toil\\nand hardship and rude living which were inseparable\\nfrom pioneer life.\\nAs the settlements increased, the sense of loneliness\\nand isolation was dispelled; the asperities of life were\\nsoftened, its amenities multiplied. Social gatherings\\nbecame more numerous and more enjoyable. Tlie log\\nrolling, harvesting and husking bees for the men and\\nthe apple-butter making and quilting parties for the\\nI women furnished frequent opportunities for social in-\\ntercourse. A wedding was the event of most impor-\\ntance in the sparsely settled new country, and when-\\never one was celebrated the whole neighborhood turned\\nout to make merry. The young people had every in-\\nducement to marry, and usually did so as soon as they\\nwere able to provide for themselves.\\nThe first social gathering in the county, which was\\ndistinctively a meeting of the pioneers and intended\\nto be such, was held in the year 1837 at Elijah\\nGoble s, in the village of Charlestown, Volinia Town-\\nship. The occasion was the completion by Mr.\\nj Goble of a tavern building. He resolved to have a\\nhouse warming and so exten led a general invitation\\nI to his fellow-pioneers to be present upon a certain\\nday with their wives and families. The day designated\\nwas a pleasant one and from seventy-five to one hun-\\ndred people, mostly residents of the north part of the\\ncounty, assembled and passed a most enjoyable season\\nof social converse, related their experiences during the\\nfirst years of settlement, sang old-time songs and par-\\ntook of a bountiful and substantial repast. A wandering\\nfiddl-er, happening opportunely to make his appearance,\\nwas pressed into service, and the pioneer party ended\\nwith a merry dance.\\nIn the period between 1836 and 1840, immigration\\nseemed to receive a new and powerful impetus and\\nthe country rapidly filled up with settlers. The era\\nof prosperity was fairly begun progress was slowly\\nbut surely made the log houses became more numer-\\nous in the clearings the forest shrank away before\\nthe woodman s ax. Soon more commodious structures\\ntook the places of the old log cabins frame houses\\nand barns appeared. The pioneers laid better plans\\nfor the future, enlarged their possessions, improved\\nthe means of cultivation, and resorted to new methods\\nand new industries. Society had begun to form itself,\\nthe schoolhouse and the church had appeared and ad-\\nvancement was noticeable in a score of ways. Still\\nthere remained a vast work to perform. The brunt\\nof the struggle, however, was past, and a way made in", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "ISAAC smJpje,\\nf/,P,5. ISAAC SHUrTE.\\nMR AND MRS. ISAAC SHURTE.\\nThere is on earth no spectacle more beautiful than\\nthat of two old people who have passed with honor\\nthrough storm and contest and retain to the last the\\nfreshness of feeling which adorned their youth. Such\\nis a true green old age, and such are a pleasure to\\nknow. There is a Southern winter in declining years\\nwhen the sunlight warms although the heat is gone.\\nThere are still living in La Grange two of the town-\\nship s first settlers. For over a half century they\\nhave observed the momentous changes which have\\nculminated in the present stage of advancement.\\nWhen they came to Cass County they found a wilder-\\nness, with here and there a clearing. Detroit had\\nhardly reached the distinction of a village, and Cassop-\\nolis and Dowagiac had not an existence. Beneath\\ntheir observation in a grand life panorama, Cass\\nCounty has been organized and developed into one of\\nthe foremost agricultural regions in Michigan. It is\\nin keeping with the self-abnegation of such people\\nthat they have retired to the background and quietly\\nlook on as the great and varied interests of which\\nthey iielped lay the foundation are seen to rise and\\nextend in prominence and utility. The father of\\nIsaac Shurte was of Dutch descent, and a soldier of\\nthe Revolution. He was a staid and industrious man,\\nand reared a large family, Isaac being one of the\\nyounger members. At tiie time of Isaac s birth (July\\n11, 1700). the family were living in New Jersey.\\nWhen a young man, he emigrated to Butler County,\\nOhio, where he married Miss Mary Wright. She\\nwas born in New Jersey, about thirty miles from New\\nYork City, June 11, 1801 her father was a farmer\\nand soldier in the war of 1812. From Ohio Mr. and\\nMrs. Shurte came to Cass County, where they have\\nsince resided. By reference to history of La Grange,\\nit will be seen that Mr. Shurte took a conspicuous\\npart in the early affairs of the county the first town\\nmeeting in La Grange was held at his house. When\\nthe little settlement had reason to believe their homes\\nwere to be despoiled and the lives of there families\\nplaced in jeopardy by the Indians, Mr. Shurte took\\ncommand of a company of men and reported for duty.\\nMr. and Mrs. Shurte have had ten children Sally M.\\nMary A., Elizabeth, Margaret, Francis M., Susan,\\nWilliam, Sarepta, Henry and Cynthia E. Of the\\nabove Sarepta (now Mrs. Fletcher), Margaret (Mrs.\\nHardenbrook), Francis M., William and Henry are\\nnow living, the latter on the old homestead. It is\\nquestioned what recourse is left to the aged when no\\nlonger able to pursue an accustomed round of labor.\\nMr. and Mrs. Shurte are qualified to reply. They\\nhave led a quite home life. They have marked out\\nand pursued a line of action whose goal has proved a\\nsatisfaction. They have enjoyed the quiet of home\\nand the retirement of the farm, and their long lives\\naffords a marked contrast to the brief existence of\\nthe votaries of pleasure.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHICtAX.\\nthe wilderness by the pioneers for the army of occu-\\npation that was to come.\\nThe pioneers of Cass County and of all the West-\\nern country were of two classes. The greater class\\nwas made up of those earnest, strong, sturdy charac-\\nacters who came into the wilderness with the settled\\nand definite purpose of hewing out homes by dint of\\npatient toil and of securing for their ftimilies the best\\npossible condition in life. As a rule, they were a\\npious, God-fearing class of men. Their habits of in-\\ndustry, frugality and sobriety, their patience, steadfast-\\nness and determination to succeed made them in time,\\nhowever humble their beginnings might have been,\\nsubstantial citizens. The memory of hundreds who\\nwere of this class is preserved in this volume.\\nBut there was another class of men among the early\\nsettlers well known in their day and generation, con-\\ncerning whom little information is now obtainable,\\nalthough some of their names have been made by\\nlegend and tradition almost as familiar as household\\nwords. We allude to those restless, migratory char-\\nacters who formed what may be called the floating\\npopulation of the frontier who were the human flot-\\nsam and jetsam of the ocean of life, borne onward,\\nand stranded here and there by the waves and surges\\nof emigration.\\nAmong these wandering, transient pioneers there\\nwere many strange, interesting characters who im-\\npressed themselves strongly on the minds of the steadier\\nand more solid denizens of the n vf country. A\\nmarked type of this element was the eccentric Job\\nWright, who lived for a number of years upon Dia-\\nmond Lake Island, and closed his strange existence in\\nCass County.\\nAs it would perhaps not be elsewhere presented, we\\nmake a place here for what little is definitely known\\nabout the apparently purposeless life of this erratic\\npioneer.\\nFrom the history of Ross and Highland Counties,\\nOhio, we learn that Job Wright was the first settler\\nat Greenfield, in the latter-named county, in the year\\n1799. We quote from the work mentioned. He\\nwas a native of North Carolina and had emigrated\\nwith his father s family to Ross County, and settled at\\nthe High Bank a few miles south of Chillicothe, but\\nnot liking that locality he removed to Greenfield,\\nwhile as yet that town had no existence save on paper.\\nHe made the first improvement in the village, build-\\ning a log cabin where the Harper House now stands.\\nHe was a hair sieve-maker, and as wire sieves were\\nthen unknown he derived quite\\nan income from his trade. Mak-\\ning hair sieves, however, did not monopolize Job s\\ntime or talent. His principal occupation was fishing,\\nand he followed it with a perseverance and patience\\nworthy of his Biblical protonym and with a degree of\\nsuccess of which even Isaak Walton might be proud.\\nHis little cabin became too\\npublic a place to suit Job s fancy, after a few families\\nhad removed to the town plat and he built another\\nin an isolated locality near his favorite fishing place\\nin Paint Creek, which is known to this day as Job s\\nHole. It was not long before\\ncivilization crowded Job farther west.\\nHe probably left Greenfield before 1807 or 1803.\\nHe is known to have taken part in the war of 1812.\\nWandering from one place to another, but always\\ngoing westward, keeping upon the outposts of civiliza-\\ntion, he made his appearance in Cass County in 1829.\\nVery naturally he selected as the place of his loca-\\ntion the island in Diamond Lak e, that being the most\\nsecluded situation he could find. He built a small\\nlog cabin near the north end of the island, and for\\nsome time lived there as a squatter, but finally\\nentered the land, when there appeared to be danger\\nthat it might pass into the possession of some one\\nelse.\\nAt his island home, Job led, the greater part of the\\ntime, a hermit s life. During a portion of the years\\nhe spent upon his little domain, however, his mother,\\nson and son s wife, whom he brought from Ohio, lived\\nwith him. Job Wright was tall and gaunt, but power-\\nful, red headed and long bearded. Upon one hand he\\nhad two thumbs, and claimed that this peculiar forma-\\ntion was the badge and token of the gift of prophecy\\nand other endowments of occult-power. His strange\\nappearance and habits, secluded life, remarkable reti-\\ncence, and, the mystery in which his past was shrouded\\nall combined to produce the impression that he was\\npossessed of abilities not bestowed on common mortals.\\nBy many persons he was said to have a knowledge\\nof witchcraft, and some people tell impressively at\\nthis day how he could stop the flowing of blood by\\nsimply learning the name and age of the person whose\\nlife was endangered, and pronouncing a brief incanta-\\ntion. Most of his time was spent in hunting and\\nfishing, but he cultivated a small part of the island,\\nraising a little corn and a few vegetables for his own\\nuse.\\nAs the country became more thickly settled, Job\\ngrew uneasy and sought the still farther west. After\\nseveral years of wandering, he returned to Diamond\\nLake Island, which was probably the home of the\\nrecluse pioneer for a greater period than any other\\nlocality. His sturdy constitution had begun to fail\\nunder the weight of years, when he returned to tlie\\nisland and he died not very long after, at the home of\\nhis daughter, Mrs. Cornelius Huff", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nA few friends and acquaintances among the settlers\\nof the neighborhood, not more than a dozen in all,\\nfollowed the remains of the old recluse to the Cas-\\nsopolis burying-ground. George B. Turner, passing,\\nand happening to notice the little knot of men gathered\\nabout an open grave, was led by curiosity to join\\nthem. There was no minister present. The prepara-\\ntions were all made and the rude whitewood coffin\\nwas about to be lowered into the ground when one of\\nthe men, a rough spoten but tender-hearted and\\nhumane old farmer uttered a suggestion to the effect\\nthat some remarks ought to be made before the remains\\nof a fellow-mortal were laid away to rest. He called\\nupon Mr. Turner, who, after a moment s hesitation,\\nstepping upon the little mound of fresh earth at the\\nside of the grave, delivered Job Wright s funeral ser-\\nmon.\\nThe secret of the cause which had driven the eccen-\\ntric pioneer to his life of seclusion was buried with\\nhim.\\nCHAPTER XI.\\nERECTION AND ORGANIZATION OF CASS COUNTY.\\nThe Earliest Counties Established\u00e2\u0080\u0094 St. Joseph Township-Cass County\\nErected in 182;i\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Berrien Attached under the name ol Niles Town-\\nship\u00e2\u0080\u0094Political Divisions\u00e2\u0080\u0094 County Seat Contest\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Meetings of\\nthe Supervisors\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Valuations of the Townships and Taxes Levied\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe Courts\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Public Buildings\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Koster of Civil Officers.\\nTHE first county erected within the territory now\\nincluded in the boundaries of Michigan was the\\ncounty of Wayne. It comprised a vast extent of ter-\\nritory the whole of the Lower Peninsula and also\\nportions of the present States of Ohio and Indiana.\\nIt was established in 1796, and named after Gen.\\nAnthony Wayne. Detroit was the county seat.\\nOther counties were erected as follows: Monroe, in\\n1817; Mackinac, in 1818; Oakland, in 1820; Wash-\\ntenaw, in 1826; Chippewa, in 1826; Lenawee (from\\nMonroe), in 1826. On the 20th of November in the\\nyear last named, the Legislative Council of the Terri-\\ntory of Michigan attached to Lenawee County all of\\nthe territory, the Indian title to which had been ex-\\ntinguished by the treaty of Chicago in 1821. All of\\nthis territory, including from seven to eight thousand\\nsquare miles of land, is now embraced in the counties\\nof Cass, St. Joseph, Branch, Hillsdale, Calhoun, Kala-\\nmazoo, Van Buren, Allegan, Barry and Eaton, and\\nconstitutes nearly all of Berrien and Ottawa, and parts\\nof Ionia, Ingham, Jackson and Kent.\\nUpon April 12, 1827, the whole of this territory\\nwas constituted and organized the township of St.\\nJoseph, and the first town meeting was ordered to be\\nheld at the house of Timothy S. Smith, which stood\\nvery near the site of the village of Niles. On Sep-\\ntember 22, 1828, the lands, of which the title was\\nceded by the Indians at the Carey Mission treaty of\\nthe same year, were attached to Lenawee County, and\\nadded to the enormous township of St. Joseph. It\\ndoes not appear that Government had any other than\\na merely nominal existence in St. Joseph Township,\\nand it is probable that no legal acts were performed\\nin or by it.\\nERECTION AND ORCfANIZATION OF CASS COONTY.\\nThe county of Cass was constituted very nearly as\\nit now exists by an act of the Legislative Council of\\nthe Territory of Michigan, approved October 29,\\n1829. By the same act were erected the counties of\\nIngham, Eaton, Barry, Jackson, Calhoun, Kalamazoo,\\nVan Buren, Hillsdale, Branch, Berrien and St. Jo-\\nseph. The section defining the boundaries of Cass\\nCounty provided That so much of the country as lies\\nwest of the line between Ranges 12 and 13 west of\\nthe meridian and east of the line between Ranges 16\\nand 17 west, and south of the line between Town-\\nships 4 and 5 south of the base line and north of the\\nboundary line between this Territory and the State of\\nIndiana, be, and the same is hereby set off into a\\nseparate county and the name thereof shall be Cass.\\nThe boundaries remained unchanged until March\\n3, 1831, when that portion of the country lying east\\nof the St. Josepli River (consisting of one whole .sec-\\ntion and fractions of four others) was by act of the\\nLegislative Council made a portion of St. Joseph\\nCounty. Since that time no alteration whatever has\\nbeen made in the territory of Cass County.\\nCass County was organized under an act passed\\nNovember -1, 1829, entitled An act to organize the\\ncounties of Cass and St. Joseph, and for establishing\\ncourts therein. Of this act, we reproduce the por-\\ntions having reference to Cass County.\\nACT OF ORGANIZATION.\\nBe it enacted by the Legislative Council of the Territory of Mich-\\nigan, That the counties of Cass and St. Joseph shall be organized\\nfrom and after the taking effect of this act, and the inhabitants\\nthereof entitled to all the rights and privileges to which by law\\nthe inhabitants of the other counties of this Territory are entitled.\\nSec. 2. That there shall be a County Court established in each\\nof said counties; and (he County Court of the county of Cass\\nshall be held on the last Tuesday of May and on the last Tuesday\\nof November in each year.\\nSeo. 3. That all suits, prosecutions and other matters now\\ndepending before the County Court of Lenawee County, or before\\nany .Justice of the I eace of said county of Lenawee, shall be\\nprosecuted to final judgment and execution and all taxes here-\\ntofore levied and now due shall be collected in the same manner\\nas though said counties of Cass and St. Joseph had not been or-\\nganized.\\nSec. 4. That the couties of Berrien and Van Buren, and all\\nthe country lying north of the game to Lake Michigan, shall be at-\\ntached to and compose a part of the county of Cass.\\ni\\\\", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "HISTORiT OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSec. 8. That there shall be Circuit Courts, to be held in the\\ncounties of Cass and St. Joseph, and that the several acts\\nconcerning the Supreme, Circuit and County Courts of the Ter-\\nritory of Michigan, defining their jurisdiction and powers, and\\ndirecting the pleadings and practice therein in certain cases,\\nbe and the same are hereby made applicable to the Circuit Courts\\nin said counties.\\nSbc. 9. That the said Circuit Court shall be held at the re-\\nspective county seals in said counties, at the respective court\\nhouses or other usual places of holding courts therein provided,\\nthat the first term of said court in the county of Cass shall be\\nholden at the schoolhouse near the house of Ezra Beardsley, in\\nsaid county.\\nSec. 10. That the county of Casa shall be one circuit, and the\\ncourt for the same shall be held hereafter on the second Tuesday\\nof August in each year.\\nSec. 11. For the purposes of this act, it is hereby\\nenacted and declared that the counties aforesaid shall be consid-\\nered to comprehend, respectively, all the counties not organized\\nand districts of country attached thereto by any law or executive\\nact.\\nSec. 12. That all acts now in force, and parts of acts contra-\\nvening the provisions of this act, be and the same are hereby re-\\npealed.*\\nApproved November 4, 1829.\\nPOLITICAL DIVISIONS.\\nOriginally the county was divitied into four town-\\nships :Pokagon, Penn, La Grange and Oncwa. This\\npolitical division was made by the Legislative Council\\nof the Territory by an act passed November 5, 1829.\\nSection 1 of this act provides that all that part of\\nthe county of Cass known and distinguished on\\nthe survey of the United States by Townships 5\\nand 6, and the north half of Township 7 south,\\nin Range 16 west (that is, the territory at pres-\\nent included in Silver Creek, Pokagon and the\\nnorth half of Howard) be a township by the name of\\nPokagon that all that part of the county of Cass\\nknown as Townships 5 and 6, and the north half of\\nTownship 7 south, in Range 15 west (the present\\nWayne, La Grange and north half of Jefferson), be a\\ntownship by the name of La Grange that all that\\npart of Cass County known as Townships 5 and 6\\nand the north half of Township 7 south, in Ranges\\n13 and 14 west (the present townships of Volinia,\\nMarcellus, Penn, Newberg and the north halves of\\nCalvin and North Porter), be a township by the name\\nof Penn that all that part of Cass County known as\\nthe south half of Township 7 ami Fractional Town-\\nship a south, in Ranges 13, 14, 1 and 16 west, be\\na township by the name of Ontwa. The township\\nlast named, a strip of territory six and one-half miles\\nwide, extending across the county from east to west,\\nand bounded on the south by the Indiana line, con-\\ntained nearly one hundred and fifty-six square miles.\\nThe original Townships of Pokagon and La Grange\\nLaws of llm Territory of\\neach contained ninety square miles and the enormous\\ntownship of Penn contained one hundred and eighty\\nsquare miles. But this was not all. The county of\\nVan Buren and other territory lying north of that\\ncounty having been attached to Cass County, was\\nmade a part of Penn Township and so remained until\\n1835. The county of Berrien, which had been at-\\ntached to Cass, was organized as one township under\\nthe name of Niles.\\nThe act of November 5, 1829, named the places\\nfor holding the first town meetings in the several\\ntownships as follows: In Pokagon, at the house of\\nBaldwin Jenkins in La Grange, at the house of\\nIsaac Shurte; in Penn, at the house of Martin Shields;\\nin Ontwa, at the house of Ezra Beardsley in Niles,\\nat the house of William Justus.\\nBy act of the Legislative Council of the Territory\\nof Michigan, passed March 29, 1833, the townships\\nof Porter, Jefferson and Volinia were organized, and\\nthe size of the original townships of La Grange,\\nOntwa and Penn was considerably decreased. The\\nact provided that all that part of Ontwa, situated in\\nRanges 13 and 14, west of the Principal Meridian,\\nshould compose a township by the name of Porter,\\nand that the first township meeting therein should\\nbe held at the house of Othni Beardsley that all that\\npart of the county of Cass, known and distinguished\\nas Township 7, south of the base line, and in Range\\n15 (the south part of La Grange), should compose a\\ntownship by the name of Jefferson, and that the first\\nelection should be held at the house of Moses Reams\\nthat all that part of the county distinguished as Town-\\nship 5, in Ranges 13 and 14 (the present townships\\nof Volinia and Marcellus), should compose a town-\\nship by the name of Volinia, and that the first elec-\\ntion therein should be held at the house of Josephus\\nGard. The county of Van Buren, which had been\\nattached to Penn, was now attached to Volinia, and\\nso remained until March 26, 1835, when it was organ-\\nized under the name of Lafayette Township. The\\ncounty was now divideil into seven townships.\\nIn the following year (1834), upon March 7, the\\ntownship of Howard was ordered into existence by an\\nact similar to those from which we have quoted. It\\nwas constituted as it now exists, being Township 7,\\nof Range 16, and was composed from territory\\nwhich had before this time been included in\\nOntwa and Pokagon. The first election was held at\\nthe house of George Fo.sdick.\\nThe townships of Calvin anil Wayne were erected\\nwith their present boundaries under the provisions of\\nan act approved March 17, 1835 the former from\\nterritory incluiled in Penn and Porter, and the latter\\nfrom La Grange. The first township meeting in Cal-", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "68\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nvin, it was provided, should be held at the dwelling\\nof John Reed, Sr., and the first in Wayne at that\\nof Joel C. Wright.\\nWhen the Territorial Government passed out of\\nexistence, Cass County consisted of ten townships.\\nUnder the authority of the State Legislature, ex-\\npressed from time to time in its acts, five other town-\\nships were established, viz.: Mason, Silver Creek,\\nNewberg, Milton and Marcellus. Mason was estab-\\nlished by an act passed March 23, 1836, and the first\\nelection was held at the house of Jotham Curtis. The\\norganization of Silver Creek was ordered March 20,\\n1837 Newburg, March 6, 1838 Milton, March 15,\\n1838; and Marcellus, March 9, 1843. The first\\ntownship election in Silver Creek was held at James\\nM. McDaniel s in NewbeVg, at John Bair s in Mil- j\\nton, at Peter Tniitt s; and in Marcellus, at Daniel\\nG. Rouse s. I\\nLOCATION OF COUNTY SEAT.*\\nJuly 31, 1830, the Legislative Council of the Ter- I\\nritory approved an act to provide for establishing\\nseats of justice. By the provision of this enactment, j\\nthe Governor was authorized to appoint commissioners\\nto locate the seats of justice in the several counties\\nwhere they had not already been located it was spec-\\nified that the commissioners, on being appointed,\\nshould duly qualify for their ofiice by taking oath\\nfaithfully and impartially to discharge their trust\\nthat having located the seat of justice of any county,\\nthey should report their proceedings to the Governor,\\nand if he approved of the same, he should issue a proc-\\nlamation causing the establishment of a seat of justice\\nagreeable to the report. It was further provided that\\nthe proclamation should be published in the several\\nnewspapers printed in the Territory.\\nGov. Porter, under the provisions of this act, ap-\\npointed Martin C. Whitman, Hart L. Stewart and J\\nCol. Sibley as Commissioners to locate the seat of\\njustice for Cass County, and they, after some delibera-\\ntion, decided upon Geneva, a village laid out on the\\nbank of Diamond Lake, by Dr. Henry H. Fowler,\\nas the proper location.\\nThe decision produced much dissatisfaction. It\\nwas alleged, and truly, that Sibley and Stewart de-\\nlayed the announcement of the location until they\\nhad been able to go to the land oflRce at White Pigeon\\nand enter tracts of land adjoining Geneva.\\nThose who were unfriendly to the location at Ge-\\nneva signed remonstrances which they addressed to\\nthe Territorial Council. They were effective.\\nMarch 4, 1831, the council passed an act to amend\\nthat of July 31, 1830, under which the seat of jus-\\ntice of Cass County had been located at Geneva.\\n9ee also chapter on tbe history of CaaBopolii.\\nSection 1 of this act provided that the Governor\\nshould, by and with the consent of the Council, ap-\\npoint three Commissioners to re-examine the proceed-\\nings which had taken place in relation to the estab-\\nlishment of the seats of justice of the counties of\\nBranch, St. Joseph and Cass, and to confirm the same\\nor make new locations, as the public interest might in\\ntheir opinion require. It was provided by Section\\n2 that the Commissioners should meet in Cass County\\non the third Monday in May, 1831, to examine the\\ncounty and determine where its seat of justice should\\nbe located. They were authorized to accept any do-\\nnations of land, money, labor or material that might\\nbe tendered to them for the use of the county. Sec-\\ntion 3 provided that the proceedings and decision of\\nthe Commissioners should be reported to the Governor\\nwithin thirty days after the termination of their serv-\\nices, and that a proclamation should be issued by\\nthe Governor announcing the decision and establish-\\ning such seat of justice as had been agreed upon, and\\nthat after the 1st day of January next ensuing, the\\nplaces selected in the respective counties should be-\\ncome seats of justice. This section contained the\\nproviso that in case it was made to appear to the satis-\\nfaction of the Governor that the Commissioners were\\nguilty of any improper conduct, tending to impair\\nthe fairness of their decision, it should be his duty to\\nsuspend any further proceedings. It was further pre-\\nscribed that the Commissioners be allowed $3 per\\nday for their services, to be paid out of the Ter-\\nritorial Treasury, with the proviso that the amount\\nthus paid should be refunded to the treasury in equal\\nproportion by the persons upon whose land the seats\\nof justice might be located. Section 9 read as fol-\\nlows:\\nThat the decisions of the Commissioners heretofore appointed\\nt3 locate the seats of justice in the counties of Branch, St.\\nJoseph and Cass shall be and the same are hereby set aside.\\nThomas Rowland, Henry Disbrow and George A.\\nO Keefe, were appointed Commissioners under the\\nprovisions of this act to relocate the county seats of\\nBranch, St. Joseph and Cass Counties. They located\\nthat of Cass County at a point- in the southeast quar-\\nter of Section 26, in La Grange Township, and their\\naction was confirmed and made authoritative by the\\nfollowing proclamation of Acting Gov. Mason, issued\\nDecember 19, 1831\\nWhereas, In pursuance of an act of the Legislative Council,\\nentitled An act to amend an act entitled .Vn act to provide for\\nestablishing seats of justice, Thomas Rowland, Henry Disbrow\\nand George A. O Keefe were appointed Commissioners to re-ex-\\namine the proceedings which had taken place in relation to the\\nestablishment of the seats of justice of the counties of Branch,\\nSt. .Joseph and Cass, and to confirm the same, and to make new\\nlocatioas, as the public s ioterest might in their opiaion require\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nAnd Whereas, The said Commissioners have proceeded to\\nperform the said duty, and by a report signed by them, have\\nlocated the seat of justice of the said county of Cass, at a point\\non the southeast quarter of Section J6, Town 6, Range 15 west,\\nforty rods from the southeast corner of said section, on the line\\nrunning west between Sections 26 and 36;\\nNow TiiEREFOKE, By virtue of the authority in me vested by\\nsaid act, and in conformity with said report, I do issue this\\nproclamation, establishing the seat of justice of the said county\\nof Cass at the said point described as aforesaid.\\nIn testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused\\nthe great seal of the Territory to be affixed, on this nineteenth\\nday of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight\\nhundred and thirty one, and of the Independence of the United\\nStates the fifty-sixth.\\n(Signed), Stevens T. .Mason,\\nSecretary and at present Acting Governor of the Territory of\\nMichigan.\\nEARLY TRANSACTIONS OF THE HOARD OF SUPER-\\nVISORS.\\nA majority of the Board of Supervisors of the\\ncounty of Cass and Territory of Michigan met for\\nthe first time pursuant to law, at the house of Ezra\\nBeardsley, in Edwardsburg, on October 4, 1831.\\nThose present were John Agard, Othni Beardsley and\\nJames Cavanagh. John Agard. was chosen as Presi-\\ndent and Alex H. Redfield was appointed Clerk of\\nthe Board. As two members were absent, the meet-\\ning was adjourned. On the 17th of October, the\\nSupervisors again assembled at Edwardsburg. After\\nexamination of the assessment rolls of the several\\ntownships and making various alterations therein, the\\nboard reported the first valuation and tax assessment\\nof Cass County as follows:\\nPokagon\\nNiles\\nLa Grange..\\nPenn\\nOntwa\\nTotal $1.56960 2\\n523364 00\\n38087 00\\n23321 00\\n37643 00\\n33634 27\\nL. Kdwards...\\nD. Wilson, .Ir\\nE. P. Bonnell\\nH. Langslon.\\nN. C. Tibbits.\\nPurpose*.\\n82 52\\n23 28\\n87 88\\n89 68\\n87 6-2\\n$370 98\\n\u00c2\u00bbr Township\\nPurposes.\\n31 00\\n1.5.5 61\\n31 00\\n92 60\\n80 55\\n$390 76\\nAt the time provided for the next meeting Jan-\\nuary 3, 1832 there was no quorum present, nor yet\\nupon the 5th of March, but upon the 31st of that\\nmonth, the board met at the house of Ira B. Hender-\\nson in Cassopolis. The Treasurer of the county was\\npresent and showed receipts of money as follows:\\nFrom Lewis Edwards, Collector of Pokagon, $82.52;\\nfrom E. P. Bonnell, Collector of La Grange, p7.88;\\nfrom Hardy Langston, Collector of Penn, $89.68\\nand from Nathan C. Tibbits, Collector of Ontwa, $87.-\\n62. It was shown that there was due from David\\nWilson, Jr., of Niles, the sum of $23.28, for which\\nsum a warrant was issued against the goods and\\nchattels, lands and tenements of the aforesaid David\\nWilson, and delivered to George Meacham, Sheriff of\\nthe county, on the 20th day of February, 1832.\\nFurther entry shows that the business was satisfac-\\ntorily adjusted.\\nThe following table shows the tax a.ssessmeut of\\nthe county for 1832:\\nASSESSMENT OF THB CollecMi-s\\nSEVERAL TOWNSHIPS.!\\nTax Laid\\nfor County\\nPurposes.\\nTax Laid\\nfor Township\\nPurposes.\\nPenn\\n$47304 00;S. Hunter\\n34260 00!e. p. Bonnell.\\n29194 00;L. Edwards...\\n40509 00. 1. Butler\\n70 80\\n51 39\\n43 79\\n60 76\\n70 80\\nLa Grange\\nPokagon\\n85 65\\n102 37\\n81 11\\nTotal\\n$151167 00\\n$226 74\\n$339 93\\nThe rate of tix for township purposes was In 1\\nupon the dollar; in Pokagon, 3J in Ontwa, 2.\\nThe tax laid in 1833 was as follows\\nVolinia\\nPenn\\nJefferson\\nPokagon\\nPorter\\nOntwa\\nLa Grange\\n$21334 00\\n44708 00\\n12063 00\\n33249 00\\n26685 00\\nTax Laid Tax Laid\\nCollectors. foj- Cou n tyjfor Township\\nriKises. I Purposes.\\nJ. B. Gard....\\nSam l Hunter.\\nL. D. Norton..\\nM. Robinson..\\nBeardsley.!\\n55208 00 J. L. Jacks...\\nP. Bonnell. I\\n53 33 I 53 33\\n111 72 135 00\\n31 11 6 03\\n83 12 63 12\\n66 51 jNo tax Claimed.\\n138 02 82 80\\nHI 39 I 66 75\\n$595 20 I $397 03\\nThe rate of tax this year for township purposes was In Penn,\\n3.! mills on the dollar; in Pokagon, 1] in Volinia, 2J in Ontwa,\\n4; in La Grange, and, in Jefferson, mill.\\nThe valuation of the townships, with amount of taxes\\nlevied by the Supervisors for county and township pur-\\nposes for the years 1834 to 1840 inclusive, is here\\nYEAU.S\\n1834\\n1835\\n1836\\n1837\\n1838\\n1839\\n1840\\nValuation.\\n293958\\n342.585\\n820978\\n1092893\\n1086234\\n1145620\\n881 87i\\n1027 (Jo\\n4105 02\\n5442 94 i\\n4098 34i\\n4344 95\\n6870 64\\n468 38\\n511 54^\\n985 32\\n1323 U\\n1349 70\\n1732 40\\n2132 67\\nCOURTS.\\nThe courts of record which now exercise jurisdiction\\nin Cass County are the Supreme Court of the United\\nStates, the United States District Court, the United\\nStates Cii cuit Court, the Supreme Court of Michigan,\\nthe Circuit Court of the Second Judicial Circuit of\\nMichigan and the Probate Court. The County Court\\nhad jurisdiction prior to April, 1833, and during the\\nperiod between 1846 and 1851. The Court of Chan-\\ncery had existence from 1836 to 1847. Cass County\\nwas within the jurisdiction of the Kalamazoo Circuit.\\nThe fii st court established in the Territory of\\nMichigan was the Supreme Court, consisting of one\\nSupreme Judge and two Associates, appointed by Presi-\\ndent Jefferson and confirmed by the United States\\nSenate. The Judges originally appointed in 1805\\nwere Augustus Brevoort Woodard, Samuel Hunting-\\nton and Frederick Bates. The oflSce was declined by", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "70\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nHuntington and his place was filled in 1806 by John\\nGriflBn.*\\nThe court was organized by Gov. Hull and\\nJudges Brevoort and Bates on the 24th of July, 1805.\\nOn the 25th of July, 1805, the same authority\\ncreated the District Courts. They had only a brief\\nexistence, being abolished in September, 1810.\\nThe next courts established (after the County Courts\\nin 1815) were the Circuit Courts, which were created\\nin the counties of the Territory by the Legislative\\nCouncil in August, 1824, and re-affirmed in April,\\n1825, the act to take effect in September.\\nUpon the 27th of April, 1827, the Council re-en-\\nacted former laws pertaining to the courts and re-es-\\ntablished the Probate Courts. Cass County was\\nthen attached to Lenawee for judicial purposes. The\\nact which erected it as a separate county contained\\nclauses establishing within it the Circuit County and\\nProbate Courts (see ante) and prescribing that the\\nfirst term of the Circuit Court should be held at\\nthe schoolhouse, near the house of Ezra Beardsley.\\nThis was the first court of any kind held in Cass\\nCounty, of which there is record.\\nThe first term of the Circuit Court opened upon the\\n9th of August, 1831, at the house of Ezra Beardsley\\n(instead of the schoolhouse) in Edwardsburg,t the\\nHon. William Woodbridge and the Hon. Solomon\\nSibley presiding.\\nThe records show, that the court being opened by\\nthe Sheriff (George Meacham), and organized accord-\\ning to law, and the venire having been previously\\nserved, there appeared the following grand jury, to\\nwit: Adam Miller, Moses Finch, Reuben N. Harri-\\nson, Jacob L. Kinzey, William Barlow, T. A. H.\\nEdwards, Isaac Williams, James Girt, Mulford Hulse,\\nNathan Tharp, Abner Tharp, Maxwell Zane, Abra-\\nham V. Tietsort, Garrett Waldron, Isaac Shurte,\\nEli P. Bonnell, Dennis Wright, Michael I. McKen-\\nney, Wilson Blackmore. John Bogart and Sylvester\\nMeacham. Adam Miller was appointed by the court\\nas foreman of the jury. Eli P. Bonnell was excused\\nfrom duty as a juror, and assigned to attend the court\\nas Constable. The jury being sworn, received their\\ncharge, and retired for consultation.\\nWilliam H. Welch and Columbia Lancaster made\\napplication to be admitted as counselors and attorneys\\nat law. The court appointed E. B. Sherman, Neal\\nMcGaffey, and J. Stetson, Esqs., a committee to\\nexamine the applicants, and they reported favorably\\nupon their admission.\\nTwo suits were brought before the court upon the\\n*CumpbeIl 8 Outlines of the Political History of Michigan.\\ntin H. S. Rodger s history of Cass County, it is slated that the first\\ncourt was held in the fall of 1832, under an oak tree just south of tne puMic\\nfirst day of the session, viz. Adam Salladay vs. G.\\nShurte, and John Agard vs. Sterling Adams.\\nThe jury returned into court, and presented one\\npresentment and one indictment, indorsed true bills.\\nThe District Attorney having no further cause for\\ntheir detention, they were discharged by the court.\\nIt appears from the fragment of the record of this\\ncourt that one of the presentments was relative to\\nthe laws of the Territory, and upon motion of E. B.\\nSherman, it was ordered that it be copied by the\\nClerk and sent to the Governor of the Territory, and\\nthat one copy be sent by said Clerk to the editor of\\nsome newspaper, published within the Territory, for\\npublication.\\nThe term of court lasted but two days, being ad-\\njourned upon the 10th of August.\\nThe County Courts were established by the Terri-\\ntorial Governor and Judges on the 24th of Octo-\\nber, 1815. The first term of the County Court in\\nCass County was like that of the Circuit Court Reld\\nat Edwardsburg, and in the house of Ezra Beardsley.\\nThe date was November 29, 1831. After the open-\\ning of the court by the Sheriff, the commission of\\nthe Hon. Joseph S. Barnard as Chief Justice was\\nread, and also the commissions of Hon. John Agard\\nand Hon. William Burke, Associate Justices. The\\nmen summoned to appear as jurors at this court were\\nJohn Kinzey, William Kirk, Calvin Sullivan, John\\nRay, Henry Denny, Joseph McPherson, Samuel\\nSpringer, John Donnel, Hiram Jewell, James H. C.\\nSmith, Dennis G. Wright, Thomas Smith, Moses\\nReames, Joel C. Wright, Micajah McKenney, Arm-\\nstrong Davidson. William Tibbitts, John Smith, Jacob\\nVirgil, William Morris, George Shultz, Ebenezer\\nThomas, Jacob Rinehart, and Nathan Norton. Of\\nI these, McPherson, Donnel, Kirk and Reames did not\\ni appear, and a capias was issued, summoning them to\\nappear before the next term of court, and show rea-\\nj son why they should not be dealt with as the law\\ndirects. Those jurors who were present were dis-\\ncharged, there being no business before the court\\ndemanding their presence. Only one case was upon\\nthe docket a criminal action for assault and battery\\nin which the defendant was discharged.\\nThe second term of the County Court was held at\\nCassopolis, opening November 27, 1832. The County\\nCourt consisted of a Chief Justice or Judge, and two\\nAssociate Justices. Various acts were passed by the\\n1 Legislative Council, restricting the jurisdiction of the\\nCounty Courts, and transferring their powers to the\\nI Circuit Courts, and finally, in April, 1833, they were\\nabolished altogether in all of the organized counties\\nof the Territory.\\nI In 1846 a revision of the judicial system of Michi-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "IllSTOKV OF CASS COITNTi MU HIOAN.\\ngan being made, the Countj Courts were again estab-\\nlished. A County Judge was elected for a term of\\nfour years, and at the same time a second Judge\\nwas chosen for a similar period. The County Court,\\nas re-constituted, had original and exclusive juris-\\ndiction of civil actions in the county, in which the\\ndemand did not exceed $500, excepting actions of\\nejectment, probate proceedings, and cases within a\\nJustice s jurisdiction. It also had appellate jurisdic-\\ntion over Justices. Cases were removable from the\\nCounty Court to the Circuit Court on certiorari\\nonly.\\nThe first term of the County Court of the second\\nperiod, held in Cass County, opened in Cassopolis\\nMarch 1, 1847, the Hon. Joseph N. Chipman on the\\nbench. There appearing to be no business, the\\ncourt adjourned sine die.\\nBy the Constitution of 1850, the judicial power\\nwas restricted to the Supreme, Circuit and Probate\\nCourts, courts of Justices of the Peace, and such Muni-\\ncipal Courts as might be established by the Legisla-\\nture in cities. The County Court passed finally and\\nforever out of existence in 1851.\\nThe last term held in Cass County commenced\\nAugust 5, 1851, Judge Cyrus Bacon upon the bench.\\nThe earliest record of the Probate Court of Cass\\nCounty, which can be found, appears upon the last\\npage of an early volume of the record of Mortgages in\\nthe Register s office, and the beginning reads as fol-\\nlows The Probate Court met agreeable to adjourn-\\nment on Saturday, April 14, 1832, at Edwardsburg,\\nE. B. Sherman, Judge presiding.\\nJohn Lybrook appeared and made application for\\nletters of administration on the goods, chattels and\\ncredit of John Ritter, deceased, died in the township\\nof La Grange on the 31st day of August, 1829.\\nThomas McKenney, after whom McKenney s Prai-\\nrie was named, was the first Judge of Probate appointed,\\nbut it is probable that he transacted no official\\nbusiness, and in fact it is not known that he quali-\\nfied. Elias B. Sherman was undoubtedly che first\\nJudge who filled the office. He was appointed March\\n4, 1831, and succeeded by H. B. Dunning in 1838.\\nThe early mention of the Probate Court, which has\\nbeen given, is a mere fi agment and irregularly record-\\ned. In the present Probate Jutlge s office is a very\\nsmall volume, labeled Liber A, which contains a\\nrecord of the court from 1835 to 1839. The first\\nentry is under date of April 18, 1835. It appears\\nthat Judge Sherman at that time held a court at Cas-\\nsopolis. One of the items of business was the proving\\nand recording of the last will and testament of Jona-\\nthan Hussey, of Howard Township.\\nWhile Mr. Sherman was Judge, the court was usu-\\nally held in Cassopolis, and during Mr. Dunning s\\nterm, which extended to 1839, the court nearly always\\nsat in Ontwa or the village of Edwardsburg.\\nThe regular terms of the Probate Court are now\\nheld upon the first Monday of every month, but the\\ncourt is in readiness to discharge the duties imposed\\nupon it upon all other days, when business may be\\nlegally transacted.\\nThe Court of Chancery, which has been spoken of\\nas having jurisdiction in Cass County for a term of\\nyears, was established by the Legislature in 1836,\\nimmediately after the admission of Michigan to the\\nUnion. Its powers were exercised by a Chancellor,\\nappointed by the Governor and holding office for seven\\nyears. The jurisdiction of the court was substan-\\ntially the same as that of the English Court of Chan-\\ncery. There were three circuits of the Chancery\\nCourt, and terms were held at Detroit, Ann Arbor\\nand Kalamazoo. Under this system, a Master of\\nChancery was appointed by the Governor, in each\\ncounty. When the judicial system of the State was\\nrevised in 1846, the Chancery Court was abolished\\nand its powers transferred to the Circuit Court. The\\nConstitution of 1850 prohibited the office of Masters\\nof Chancery and provided for the election of Circuit\\nCourt Commissioners, who were given a jurisdiction\\nin chancery matters.\\nPUBLIC BUILDINGS.\\nThe first public building erected was a jail. At the\\nmeeting of the Supervisors, held upon the 31st of\\nMarch, 1832, it was resolved that a gaol be built at\\nCassopolis, the county seat, to be completed on or be-\\nfore the 1st day of December next, and to cost at the\\nextent but $350, to be paid for out of the money sub-\\nscribed for the county seat. Alexander H. Redfield,\\nEsq., was appointed to make and let the contract for\\nthe building of the gaol and to collect the subscrip-\\ntion moneys. It was prescribed that the jail should be\\nmade of hewn logs, one foot square, of hard timber, and\\nthat the building should be thirty feet long by fifteen\\nin width and one story high. The contract was awar l-\\ned to Eber Root and John Flewwelling. Nathan\\nBaker and Andrew Woods were appointed as inspect-\\nors of the work. The jail was finished according to\\nspecifications, but not within the time originally speci-\\nfied, because of Mr. Root s ill health. In fact the\\nbuilding was not ready for use until the early part of\\n1834. In January, Henry H. Fowler (of Geneva)\\nSheriff of the county, presented a protest against the\\nacceptance of the jail, alleging that it was an unsafe\\nplace for the confinement of criminals and debtors.\\nThe building however was accepted. In March, 1834,\\nthe Supervisors recommended that it should be floored", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "72\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nand lined with plank. This was subsequently done,\\nand the logs under the plank were driven full of nails\\nand bound with strap iron to make it still more diflS-\\ncult for transgressors of the law to make their exit.\\nThe lock upon this log jail is one of the relics, which\\nhas lodgement in the museum of the Cass County Pio-\\nneer Society. It is a massive and curious piece of\\nmechanism. Its maker was George Fosdick, of Bar-\\nren Lake, who had a great reputation in early days\\nfor the construction of jail locks, and furnished many\\nthat were used in Southwestern Michigan and North\\nern Indiana. The old jail stood until very recent\\nyears in its original location, just south of the Lind-\\nsay planing-mill. It was used until a larger struct-\\nure was built in 1853.\\nSteps were taken toward the building of a court\\nhouse in the fall of 183.5. The first definite action\\nwas the passage of the following resolution on the 23d\\nof October by the Board of Supervisors.\\nResolved, That a wooden building be erected on Lot 4, in\\nBloclc 2 north, Range 1 west, in Cassopolis, .34 feet long by 24 feet\\nwide, and to be for a court house, cost not to exceed $4-50, and\\nto contain desks for the Judges and bar.\\nThe lot designated in this resolution is the one on\\nthe west side of Broadway, where John Boyd now\\nresides. The contract for building was awarded to\\nJoseph Harper, and he had the building in readiness\\nfor occupancy by May 1, 1835. It was used as a\\nplacefor holding courts and for various county purposes\\nuntil 1841, when the present court house was com-\\npleted.\\nThe structure now and for the past forty years in\\nuse was built by a number of men who associated\\nthemselves together under the name of the Court\\nHouse Company. Upon the 7th of August, 1839,\\nDavid Hopkins, Heni-y Jones and James W. GriflSn,\\nCounty Commissioners, who had succeeded to the\\nrights and powers of the Supervisors, entered into a\\ncontract with Darius Shaw, Joseph Harper, Jacob Sil-\\nver, Asa Kingsbury and A. H. Redfield the Court\\nHouse Company to build according to specifications\\na court house. The terms were \u00c2\u00a76,000, of which sum\\none-third was to be paid in cash and the remaindsr in\\nvillage lots, which had been donated to the county by\\nthe proprietors of the village in consideration of the\\nlocation of the seat of justice at Cassopolis. The pub-\\nlic square was also included in the consideration, the\\nCommissioners only reserving that portion (the north-\\neast quarter) on which it was proposed to build the\\ncourt house. The Commissioners made a deed of\\nbargain and sale to Messrs. Shaw, Hs^rper and their\\nassociates, and the grantees simultaneously gave to\\nthe Commissioners their bond in the sum of 812,000\\nfor the proper performance of their undertaking.\\nFollowing is the full text of the instrument, which\\ncontains the specifications upon which the present\\ncourt house was built\\nKnow all men by these presents, that we, Alexander H.\\nRedfield, Darius Shaw, Joseph Harper, Jacob Silver and Asa\\nKingsbury, all of Cassopolis, Cass County, Michigan, are held and\\nfirmly bound unto David Hopkins, Henry Jones and James W.\\nGritfin, Commissioners of said county of Cass, and to their sue-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2essors in office, in the penal sum of $12,000, which sum well and\\ntruly be paid we bind ourselves, our heirs, executors and admin-\\nistrators, firmly by these presents. In witness whereof we have\\nhereto set our hands and seals this 7th day of August, A. D.\\neighteen hundred and thirty-nine.\\nThe condition of the above bond is as follows Whereas,\\ncertain village lots in said village of Cassopolis, and certain\\nsums of money were formerly given to said county of Cass by the\\noriginal proprietors of said village and by others for the purpose\\nof erecting public buildings in said village for the use of the\\ncounty and whereas, the said Commissioners have this day\\ngiven to us a warranty deed for a certain part of said village lots\\nand property, and also one order upon the treasury of said\\ncounty for the sum of \u00c2\u00a72,000. Now, if we, the said Darius Shaw,\\nAsa Kingsbury. Jacob Silver, Joseph Harper and .ilexaader H.\\nRedfield shall erect or cause to be erected in said village within\\ntwo years from the date hereof, on such ground as the said\\nCommissioners shall select, a court house fifty-four feet in length\\nand forty-six feet in width and twenty-four feet high from sills to\\nthe eaves of the following general description, to wit It shall be\\na wood building, the frame shall be good and strong, made of\\ntimber of good size and quality, the building shall be placed on\\ngood and sufficient stone wall foundations, sufficiently sunk into\\nthe earth not to be afifected by the frost. Said building shall\\nhave built in it a brick safe sixteen (16 1 by seventeen i ITj feet,\\nwith two apartments therein the walls of said safe shall be\\neighteen inches in thickness it shall be completely arched over\\nwith brick, one arch over each apartment the partition wall shall\\nbe a brick the said safe shall have two iron doors, and two\\nwindows with iron shutters on the inside and a brick floor, and\\nshall be furnished with cases and shelving for the public books and\\npapers thi- said house shall be inclosed with good pine siding\\nneatly dressed, and covered with a good roof of pine shingles,\\nwith a suitable and proper cornice, principally of pine the\\nwhole house shall be well and neatly painted on the outside\\nwhite, and lighted with at least six hundred and twenty-\\nfour lights of 10 by 12 glass there shall be two good\\nentrance doors there shall be a hall lengthwise of the building\\n12 feet wide all the floors in the basement and second story\\nshall be neatly dressed and matched and laid down there shall\\nbe five rooms partitioned off and lathed and plastered and\\nfurnished with doors on basement story. In the second story, the\\ncourt room shall be lathed and plastered, and there nhall also be\\ntwo small rooms cut off, and also lathed and plastered for jury\\nrooms. The aforesaid safe shall be plastered the whole work\\nshall be done in a good and workmanlike manner, and of suitable\\nand proper materials. Then this obligation to be void, otherwise\\nto be and remain in full force and virtue.\\nSigned, sealed and delivered the day and year first above\\nwritten, in presence of H. C. Lybrook and J. Barnum.\\nA. H. Reiifieli [l. s.]\\nDxRtrs Shaw. [l. s.]\\nJoseph Harpkb. [l. s.]\\nAsa KiNosBrBY. [l. s.]\\nJacob Silver. [l. s.]\\nThe building erected in accordance with the speci-\\nfications included in the above document, was finished\\nt", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nand used in 1841, but not formally accepted until the\\nfollowing year.\\nIn 1851, th\u00c2\u00bb Board of Supervisors took steps to-\\nward the building of the second jail, and appointed\\nJames Taylor as Commissioner for carrying out their\\nplans. The jail was built by him and finished in the\\nfall of 1852. It stood upon ground just north of\\nthe present court house until the present jail was\\nbuilt, when it was removed.\\nThe county officers building was erected in 1860, by\\nJoseph Smith. It was designed to be and is a fire-\\nproof structure.\\nIn 1852, the matter of making systematic and ade-\\nquate provision for the poor was first effectually agi-\\ntated. Up to this time there had been upon the\\ncounty poor farm in Jefferson Township, bought of\\nAsa Kingsbury, only a small log house. Upon the\\n12th of October, 18.Jo, the Board of Supervisors re-\\nsolved to build a good, sufficient and convenient\\nhouse on the poor farm owned by the county, the ex-\\npense of which should not exceed $1,200. The\\nresolution was afterward amended to read \u00c2\u00a72,000 in\\nplace of $1,200. Pleasant Norton was appointed\\nagent to cause the erection of the building. Upon\\nthe 7th of January, 1854, the contract for building a\\nbrick structure was awarded to Lewis Clisbee Son,\\nat $1,795. The work was completed by them in No-\\nvember of the same year, under the direction and to\\nthe satisfaction of W. G. Beckwith and Joshua Lof-\\nland, who were appointed as a building committee.\\nIn 1868, the committee of the Board of Supervisors,\\nappointed to examine public buildings, reported that\\nthe poor house was entirely inadequate for the purpose\\ndesigned, and an utterly unfit habitation for the\\npaupers of the county, and the board recommended\\nthe raising of $15,000 in three equal annual assess-\\nments for the building of a new house. The matter\\nbeing put to vote before the people, it was found that\\nthere was an overwhelming popular majority against\\nthe levying of the special tax. The need of a new\\nhouse, however, was urgent, an l the Board being ad-\\nvised that they had the right to appropriate the sum\\nof $1,000 for improvements, resorted to that course\\nfor securing the desired end. This was the begin-\\nning of the measures which resulted in tiie erection\\nof the present fine home of the poor. The house\\nwas built in 1869 and 1870, by P. W. Silver, of\\nGoshen, Ind., who took the contract for $6,300. He\\nwas subsequently allowed between $1,100 and $1,200\\ne.xtra remuneration, and even then lost money upon\\nthe job. The work was performed under the direc-\\ntion of D. M. Howell, James Boyd amd Gideon Gibbs,\\nSuperintendents of the Poor, who were constituted\\nby the Supervisors as a building committee, and they\\ndeserve great credit for the thorough provisions they\\nhave made for the unfortunate. In 1871, an additional\\nbuilding was erected for the insane. This is called\\nthe asylum. It is two stories in height, and well\\nadapted for the purpose intended. The brick work\\nwas done by D. W. Smith, of Niles, and almost all of\\nthe other work by or under the direction of Daniel B.\\nSmith, of Cassopolis. Gideon Gibbs was the Super-\\nintendant of construction. The asylum, with the other\\nimprovements and the addition made to the farm, cost\\nas much, or perhaps a little more, than the poor house\\nbuilt in 1870. The whole outlay, within a period of\\nabout four years, was not less than $15,000. The\\ncounty has now, upon a good farm of 280 acres, as\\nfine accommodations for its pauper and insane popu-\\nlation as can be found in any county of equal size\\nand wealth in the West. There are but three or\\nfour finer or more convenient county houses in Michi-\\ngan, and those are in counties of much greater popu-\\nlation than Cass possesses.\\nIn 1878-79 was erected the present jail and Sheriffs\\nresidence, the newest, costliest and best of the public\\nbuildings in Cass County. The old jail had been\\nfound an unsafe place for the confinement of criminals\\nseveral years previous to 1877. One report of an ex-\\namining committee stated that the back door was\\nshrunk and could be opened from the outside with a\\nshingle. In 1877, the Supervisors spent much time\\nin planning the erection of a new building. Upon\\nDecember 14, they appointed William P. Bennett, Jo-\\nseph Smith and Charles L. Morton as a committee, and\\nauthorized them to advertise for bids for building a\\njail in accordance with the plans of T. J. Tolan\\nSon, of Fort Wayne, Ind., which had been accepted.\\nOn January, 1878, the bids were opened, and that of\\nW. H. Myers, of Fort Wayne, for $17,770, was ac-\\ncepted. Mr. Myers entered into contract for the per-\\nformance of the work and furnishing of materials.\\nThe erection of the jail was begun in the early spring\\nand completed in February, 1879. The building com-\\nmittee consisted of C. G. Banks, Charles L. Morton and\\nJoseph Smith. Daniel B. Smith was local superin-\\ntendent. When completed, the jail was formally\\naccepted by the building committee, acting in con-\\njunction with H. 11. Bement, J. H. East and R. II.\\nWiley, of the Board of Supervisors. The structure\\nis one of the strongest and most substantial to be\\nfound in the State.\\nCIVIL ROSTIOR OF CA.- S COUNTY.\\nFollowing is a list of the civil officials of Cass County,\\nand of men from the county holding at different periods\\nState offices:\\nState ,?t \u00c2\u00bbators\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1846, Alexander 11. Redfield", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "74\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n1852, Jessee G. Beeson; 1854, Jamea Sullivan; 185*^,\\nAlonzo Garwood 1858, George Meacham 1860, Gil-\\nman C. Jones 1862, Emmons Buell 1864, Levi Al-\\ndrich; 1866, Charles W. Clisbee; 1868, Amos Smith\\n1870, Uzziel Putnam, Jr.; 1874, Matthew T. Garvey;\\n1878, James M. Shepard.\\nRepresentatives James O Dell, Joseph Smith;\\n1836-38, James O Dell, William Burk; 1839-40,\\nJames Newton, Henry Coleman 1840-41, Myron\\nStrong, George Redfield 1841-42, S. F. Anderson\\n1842-43, S. F. Anderson; 1843-44, James W.\\nGrifiBn; 1844\u00e2\u0080\u009445, James Shaw; 1845-46, James L.\\nGlenn 1846-47, James L. Glenn, James Shaw\\n1847-49, George B. Turner, Milo Powell; 1849-50,\\nCyrus Bacon, George B. Turner; 1850-52, George\\nSherwood, William L. Clyborne; 1852-54, E. J.\\nBonine, Pleasant Norton 1854-56, Franklin Brow-\\nnell, Uriel Enos 1856-58, B. W. Schermerhorn, Ed-\\nwin Sutton; 1858-60, George Newton, E. W. Rey-\\nnolds 1860-62, Edward H. Jones, Edward Shanahan;\\n1862-64, H. B. Denman, Levi Aldrich 1864-66,\\nLucius Keeler, Alexander B. Copley; 1866-68, Henry\\nB. Wells, Leander D. Osboni; 1868-70, Uzziel Put-\\nnam, Jr., James Ashley; 1870-72, Alexander B.Cop-\\nley, John F. Coulter; 1872-74, Alexander Robertson,\\nThomas O Dell; 1874-76, John Struble, John B.\\nSweetland; 1878, Samuel Johnson, Hiram S. Chap-\\nman; 1880, James H. Hitchcox.\\nMembers of Constitutional Convention Detroit,\\nMay 11, 1835, James Newton, James O Dell, Bald-\\nwin Jenkins; First Convention of Assent, Ann\\nArbor, September 26, 1836, James Newton, James\\nO Dell Second Convention of Assent, Ann Ar-\\nbor, December 14, 1836, Edwin N. Bridge, Jacob\\nSilver, Joseph Smith, Abiel Silver; Lansing, June\\n3, 1850, George Redfield, Mitchell Robinson, James\\nSullivan Lansing, May 15, 1867, Levi Aldrich,\\nJacob J. Van Riper.\\nAttorney General 1875-77, Andrew J. Smith.\\nState Treasurer 1845-46, George Redfield.\\nCommissioner of State Land Office February,\\n1846-50, Abiel Silver.\\nCounty Court Judges 1831, Joseph S. Barnard,\\nChief Justice William Burke and John Agard, As-\\nsociate Justices; 1834, William A. Fletcher, Chief\\nJustice Abiel Silver and William Burke, Associate\\nJustices 1846, Joseph N. Chipman, first Mitchell\\nRobinson, second 1849, Ezekiel S. Smith, vice Chip-\\nman, resigned 1850, Cyrus Bacon, first Ezekiel S.\\nSmith, second.\\nCircuit Court Judges 1837, Epaphroditus Ran-\\nsom, Presiding Judge James Cavanaugh and Richard\\nV. V. Crane, Associate Judges; 1839, Myron Strong,\\nvice James Cavanaugh, resigned 1841, Epaphroditus\\nRansom, Presiding Judge John Barney and Thomas\\nT. Glenn, Associate Judges; 1845, Epaphroditus\\nRansom, Chief Justice Samuel F. Anderson and\\nWilliam H. Bacon, Associate Justices 1848, Charles\\nW. W ^hipple, Circuit Judge 1856, Nathaniel Bacon,\\nCircuit Judge 1864, Perrin W. Smith, Circuit\\nJudge; 1866, Nathaniel Bacon, Circuit Judge 1870,\\nDaniel Blackman, Circuit Judge; 1875, Henry H.\\nCoolidge, Circuit Judge 1878, Charles W. Clisbee,\\nCircuit Judge, vice H. H. Coolidge. resigned 1878,\\nAndrew J. Smith, present incumbent.\\nJudges of Probate 1831, Elias B. Sherman\\n1837-40, Horace B. Dunning; 1841-64, Clifford\\nShannahan; 1864-68, Matthew T. Garvey; 1868-\\n83, William P. Bennett.\\nCounty Clerks 1830 (appointed by Governor),\\nJoseph L. Jacks 1833, Martin C. Whitman 1835-\\n40, Henley C. Lybrook 1840-41, H. B. Dunning;\\n1842-43, H. C. Lybrook; 1844-49, George Sher-\\nwood; 1850-51, William Sears; 1852-55, E. B.\\nWarner; 1856-57, Benj. F. Rutter 1858-61,\\nCharles G. Lewis; 1862-65, Ira Brownell; 1866-\\n77, Charles L. Morton 1878-82, Joseph R. Edwards.\\nCircuit Court Commissioners 1852, Elias B. Sher-\\nman 1854, Henry H. Coolidge; 1856, James M.\\nSpencer; 1858-60. Charles W. Clisbee; 1862-64,\\nUzziel Putnam, Jr. 1866, George Miller 1868,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Joseph B. Clarke 1870, John R. Carr and N. B.\\nHollister; 1872, Joseph B. Clarke and George L.\\nLinder 1874-78, George Ketcham and Joseph B.\\nClarke 1880, George Ketcham and John F. Tryon.\\nProsecuting Attorneys 1831, Elias B. Sherman;\\n1840-42, Ezekiel S. Smith 1842-52, James Sulli-\\nvan 1852-54, H. H. Coolidge 1854-61, Andrew\\nJ. Smith 1862-64, Charles W. Clisbee 1864-68,\\nAndrew J. Smith 1868-70, George Miller 1870-\\n72, William G. Howard 1872-74, Spafford Tryon\\n1874-76, Marshall L. Howell: 1876-80, Harsen\\nD. Smith 1880-82, Joseph B. Clarke.\\nSheriffs\u00e2\u0080\u0094 im^-Z l, George Meacham; 1832-34,\\nHenry Fowler 1835-36, Eber Root 1836-40, M.\\nV. Hunter 1840-42, Walter G. Beckwith 1842-\\n44, James L. Glenn 1844-46, Walter G. Beckwith\\n1846-49, Barak Mead; 1850-52, Andrew Wood;\\n1852-54, Walter G. Beckwith 1854-56, Joseph\\nHarper 1856-1860, Joseph N. Marshall 1860-62,\\nB. W. Schermerhorn 1862-66, William K. Palmer\\n1866-70, Zacheus Aldrich 1870-72, Levi J. Rey-\\nj nolds 1872-74, William J. Merwin 1874-76, J.\\nBoyd Thomas 1877-80, James H. Stamp 1881,\\nJohn A. Jones (present incumbent).\\nCounty Commissioners 1838, David Hopkins,\\nHenry Jones, James W. Griffin 1840, William Burk,\\nJames O Dell 1841, William H. Bacon.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COTTNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n75\\nCounty Treasurers 1831, Andrew Grubb (appoint-\\ned) 1833, Jacob Silver (appointed); 1836, Eber\\nRoot; 1837, Joseph Harper; 1838, Isaac Sears;\\n1839, Joseph Harper; 1840-43, Amos Fuller 1843-\\n45, Asa Kingsbury 1846-49, Joshua Lofland 1850\\n-51, Henry R. Close; 1852-53, Henry Tietsort;\\n1854-57, Jefferson Osborn 1858-59, William W.\\nPeck 1860-61, Ira Brownell 1862-65, J. K. Ritter\\n1866-6l\\\\ Isaac Z. Edwards; 1870-73, Anson L.\\nDunn 1874-77, Hiram S. Hadsell 1878-82, R. L.\\nVanness.\\nRegister of Deeds\u00e2\u0080\u0094 ism, H. H.Edwards; 1835,\\nAlex H. Redfield; 1836-37, William Arrison 1838\\n-42, Joseph Harper 1842-54, David M. Howell\\n1854-64, Ariel E. Peck 1864-67, William L. Jak-\\nways.- 1868-71, Joel Cowgill 1872-76, Henry L.\\nBarney 1876-82, Stephen L. George.\\nCounty Surveyors 1831, E. B. Sherman 1834,\\nJohn Woolman 1838, J. C. Saxton 1840, Henry\\nWalton 1842-48, David P. Ward 1848-50, Charles\\nG. Banks; 1850-54, David P. Ward; 1854-56,\\nAmos Smith; 1856-60, Amos Smith; 1860-62,\\nH. 0. Banks 1862-64, Amos Smith 1864-70, H.\\n0. Banks; 1870-74, John C. Bradt 1874-76, Aus-\\ntin A. Bramer; 1876-82, Amos Smith.\\nCounty Superintendents of Schools April 1867,\\nChauncey L. Whitney (elected). He resigned in Oc-\\ntober, of the same year, and the vacancy was filled by\\nthe appointment of Albert H. Gaston, who held the\\noffice during 1868 1869-70, Irvin Clendenen\\n1871-72, Lewis R. Rinehart; 1873-74, Samuel\\nJohnson.\\nCounty School Examiners 1881, E. M. Stephen-\\nson, Michael Pemberton, Daniel B. Ferris (elected for\\nterms of one, two and three years respectively).\\nCHAPTEE Vn.\\nINTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.\\nIndian Trails\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Chicago Road\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Territorial Legislative Council\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Fostering Intenial Improvements\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Roads Ordered to be Opened\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Stage Routes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Old Stage Coach\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Canal or Railroad Pro-\\nject\u00e2\u0080\u0094Railroads.\\nEARLY ROADS.\\nTHE earliest roads in the territory to which this work\\nhas especial reference were the Indian trails, and\\nthe chief of these was the Chicago trail, from that\\npoint to Detroit. It was over this path that for time\\nimmemorial the tribes of the Northwest had passed\\neastward and returned to their homes. The Sauks,\\nthe Outagamies and the Winnebagoes coming down\\nthe western shore of Lake Michigan and rounding its\\nhead, had for ages traveled this great path. After\\n1815, they passed over it annually upon their way to\\nMaiden, Canada, where they received their annuities\\nfrom the British.\\nAnother Indian trail led from the Ottawa villages\\nin the region of Little Traverse Bay, southward to\\nthe place where the city of Grand Rapids now is, and\\nthence to the center of the Pottawatomie settlements\\nof the St. Joseph. Still another connected these vil-\\nlages with the Shiawassee and Saginaw Rivers. Lesser\\ntrails crossed the country in all directions.\\nIt was along the great Chicago trail that the Chi-\\ncago road was laid out, the first important thorough-\\nfare of the whites through Southern Michigan. The\\nIndians seemed almost by instinct to select the most\\ndirect routes that were compatible with the topogra-\\nphy of the county, and they always forded the streams\\nat the best places of crossing. Hence it was natural\\nthat the whites when they opened roads should follow\\nin their footsteps.\\nWhen the Chicago treaty of 1821 was made, a\\nclause was inserted especially stipulating that the\\nUnited States should have the privilege of making\\nand using a road through the Indian country from\\nDetroit and Fort Wayne, respectively, to Chicago.\\nThe first of the Congressional acts which led toward\\nthe construction of the Chicago road was passed April\\n30, 1824. It authorized the President of the United\\nStates to cause the necessary surveys, plans and\\nestimates to be made of the routes of such roads and\\ncanals as he may deem of national importance in a\\ncommercial or military point of view, or necessary for\\nthe transportation of the public mail.\\nThe sum of $30,000 was appropriated for the\\nsurveys and the President was authorized to appoint\\ntwo competent engineers.\\nThe route from Detroit to Chicago was one of those\\nwhich the Executive deemed of national impor-\\ntance, and the sura of $10,000 was set apart from the\\nappropriation for the survey.\\nIn 1825, work was commenced at the eastern end\\nof the road. The surveyor began on the plan of run-\\nning on nearly straight lines, but had progressed only\\na few miles when he came to the conclusion that if he\\ncarried out his original intention, the money apor-\\ntioned for the work would be exhausted long before\\nhe could reach the western terminus. He then re-\\nsolved to follow the old path of the Sauks and Foxes,\\nand in fact did so to the end. The road was never\\nstraightened, and the thousands of white men who\\nhave traveled over it have turned at every angle\\nand bend of the ancient trail. The flagmen were\\nsent in advance as far as they could be seen, the bear-\\nings taken by the compass and the distance chained and\\nmarked. The trees were blazed fifty feet on each sideof\\nthe trails, the requirement being that the road should", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "76\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nmeasure one hundred feet in width. It was surveyed\\nthrough Cass County in 1832, by Daniel G. Garnsey.\\nThe road was not worked through St. Joseph, Cass\\nand Berrien Counties by the Government until after\\nthe Sauk or Black Hawk war. Immigrants made\\nsuch improvements as they found necessary, and the\\nstage companies worked the road sufBciently to get\\ntheir coaches through, and built some bridges. In\\n1833, the Government made thorough work of build-\\ning the road through Branch County, and in 1834,\\nthrough St. Joseph and Cass Counties. It was\\ngrubbed out and leveled for a width of thirty feet,\\nand the timber was cut away on each side. The\\nfirst bridge over the St. Joseph was built in 1834, at\\nMottville, which crossing was designated as the\\nGrand Traverse.\\nThe Chicago road enters Cass County opposite\\nMottville, follows a generally southwesterly course\\nthrough South Porter, and nearly reaches the Indiana\\nline in Mason Township. It thence follows a north-\\nwesterly direction through Adamsville to Edwards-\\nburg, and from the latter point passes southwesterly\\nto the county line, and thence to Bertrand. Five\\nand a half miles west of the second crossing of the St.\\nJoseph River it crosses the State line into Indiana.\\nThis road was the great thoroughfare from East to\\nWest until about 1850, when its usefulness was super-\\nseded by the railroads. It still remains as originally\\nlaid, but is only used for local travel.\\nFrom the year 1829 (when Cass County was\\nerected) until Michigan became a State, the Territorial\\nLegislative Council seduously fostered internal im-\\nprovements. Acts authorizing the laying-out of roads\\nand appointing Commissioners to superintend the\\nwork were passed at every session, and sometimes\\nthis business equaled in importance as well as bulk\\nall other legislation.\\nBy act approved July 30, 1830, authority was\\ngranted for the laying-out of a road commencing\\nwhere the township road laid out by the Commis-\\nsioners of Ontwa Township, Cass County, from Pleas-\\nant Lake, in a direction to Pulaski, in Indiana, inter-\\nsects the southern boundary line between the Terri-\\ntory of Michigan and the State of Indiana thence\\non the road laid out as aforesaid until it intersects the\\nChicago road a few rods west of the post office, near\\nthe house of Ezra Beardsley, running thence on the\\nmost eligible and practicable route to the entrance of\\nthe St. Joseph River into Lake Michigan. George\\nMeacham, John Bogart and Squire Thompson were\\nthe Commissioners appointed to lay out and establish\\nthis road.\\nBy act of the Council in June, 1832, another Ter-\\nritorial road was authorized which was to pass through\\nCass County, viz., a road commencing at the\\ncounty seat of Branch County, running westerly on\\nthe most direct and eligible route through the seats of\\njustice of St. Joseph and Cass Counties to the mouth\\nof the St. Joseph River. The Commissioners ap-\\npointed to lay out the road were Squire Thompson,\\nC. K. Green and Alexander H. Redfield, Esq.\\nDuring the same season, an act was passed author-\\nizing the establishment of a road from White Pigeon\\nby Prairie Ronde and Kalamazoo to Grand Rapids,\\nand E. B. Sherman, Isaac N. Hurd and John S. Barry\\n(afterward Governor of the State), were appointed as\\nCommissioners to lay it out.\\nDuring the season of 1833, in March and April,\\nthe Council passed a large number of acts directing\\nthe making of roads. Among those authorized we\\nfind the following wholly or part in Cass County\\nA road from Adamsville, on the most direct and\\neligible route, to the Paw Paw River, at or near the\\ncenter of Van Buren County. Sterling Adams,\\nCharles Jones and Lyman J. Daniels were appointed\\nCommissioners.\\nGeorge Meacham, Elijah Lacey and Fowler Preston\\nwere appointed Commissioners to lay out a road from\\nEdwardsburg, through the village of Niles, to the\\nmouth of the. St. Joseph River, in Berrien County.\\nAn act passed March 7, 1834, appointed Henry\\nH. Fowler, John Woolman and Hart L. Stewart as\\nCommissioners to lay out a road from Mottville\\nthrough Cass and Berrien Counties to the mouth of\\nthe St. Joseph River.\\nAuthority was given by an act passed January 30,\\n1835, for the laying out of a road from Jacksonburg\\nthrough Cassopolis to the mouth of the St. Joseph,\\nJames Cowen, Michael Beedle and D. McCauley\\nbeing appointed Commissioners. The same act ap-\\npointed James Newton, Henry Jones and Elijah\\nLacey to lay out a road from Cassopolis to Galien\\nRiver. The work of improvement (by act), went on\\nunder the authority of the State very much as it had\\nunder the Territory. The first Legislature author-\\nized the establishment of a very large number of roads,\\namong which the following were ordered to be laid\\nout, wholly or in part, in Cass County.\\nA State road from Edwardsburg, via Cassopolis,\\nVolinia and Paw Paw Mills, to Allegan, in Allegan\\nCounty, for which David Crane, Jacob Silver and\\nJohn L. Sherer were appointed Commissioners.\\nA road from Schoolcraft, in Kalamazoo County,\\nto the village of St. Joseph, in Berrien County. For\\nthis road Alexander Copley, Nathaniel M. Thomas\\nand Albert E. Bull were appointed Commissioners.\\nThe following roads were authorized, by act ap-\\nproved July 26, 1886", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MlCIIKiAN.\\nA State road from French s Tavern, on the Chi-\\ncago road, at the crossing of Prairie River, to Con-\\nstantino, in St. Joseph County thence to Cassopolis,\\ncrossing the river at Bucic s Tavern, and from thence\\nto the mouth of the St. Joseph River. Thomas\\nLangley, George Buck and E. B. Sherman, Com-\\nmissioners.\\nA road from Constantine, in St. Joseph County,\\nthrough Berrien to New Buffalo Village. Wessel\\nVVhittaker, R. E. Ward and Thomas Charlton, Com-\\nmissioners.\\nA road from Constantine to Niles. William F.\\nHouse, H. W. Griswold and Robert S. GriflSn, Com-\\nmissioners.\\nA road from Centerville, in St. Joseph County,\\nthrough Cassopolis and through Berrien, to the\\nentrance of Galien River into Lake Michigan. H.\\nL. Stewart, John Withenmyer and E. P. Sanger,\\nCommissioners.\\nA road from Constantine, in St. Joseph County,\\nto the mouth of the St. Joseph River, by the most\\ndirect and eligible route. William F. House, James\\nOdell and Moody Emerson, Commissioners.\\nBy act of March 17, 1837, the following, among\\nmany other roads, were authorized\\nA State road from Whitmanville to the State\\nroad, at or near Bainbridge. Charles J. Martin, M.\\nC. Whitman, John P. Davis and Jehiel Enos, Com-\\nmissioners.\\nA State road from Whitmanville to St. Joseph,\\nEleazer Morton, John Wolver and E. H. Spaulding,\\nCommissioners.\\nA road from Cassopolis, through Berrien to New\\nBuffalo. Abiel Silver, Isaac Sumner and Pitt Brown,\\nCommissioners.\\nOn the 16th of February, 1838, an act was passed\\nauthorizing the laying out of a State road from Niles\\nto Kalamazoo. This \u00c2\u00bboad passed through Wayne and\\nPokagon Townships of Cass County.\\nApril 1, 1840, an act was passed authorizing the\\nestablishment of a road commencing at some point\\nat or near the north bank of the River St. Joseph, in\\nthe vicinity of the village of St. Joseph, thence run-\\nning in an easterly direction, on the most eligible\\nroute, to the village of La Grange, formerly called\\nWhitmanville, in Cass County. L. L. Johnson,\\nMorgan Enos and Jacob Allen were appointed Com-\\nmissioners. An act appropriating 3,000 acres of the\\ninternal improvement lands of the State for the pur-\\npose of opening and improving this road was ap\\nproved by the Legislature March 28, 1848. Seven\\ntliousand acres of the internal improvement lands of\\nthe State were appropriated by act of April 3, 184^\\nfor opening and improving the State road from Con-\\nstantine, in St. Joseph County, to Paw Paw, in Van\\nBuren County.\\nTo lay out and establish a road, and to open\\nand improve a road were two very different things. A\\nnumber of those authorized by the Territorial and\\nState Legislature were never made passable for\\nvehicles, and some were never opened at all other\\nroads which better suited the convenience of the pub-\\nlic being made in their stead.\\nA mania for plank roads originated about 1848,\\nand a very large number of companies were incor-\\nporated in the State within the next few years. The\\nonly one in Cass County of which we have any\\nknowledge was known as the Niles and Mottville\\nCompany. It was incorporated March 22, 1849, and\\nempowered to construct a plank road between Niles\\nand Mottville, by way of Edwardsburg, Adamsville\\nor Cassopolis. The persons named to receive sub-\\nscriptions were James L. Glenn, H. P. Mather, J.\\nM. Finley, H. B. Hoffman, Nathaniel Bacon, George\\nMeacham, Ezra Hatch, Moses Joy, Hiram HoUibard,\\nOrrin E. Thompson, H. Follett and Norman Sage.\\nThe capital stock authorized was $100,000. The\\ncompany built only about five miles of road between\\nNiles and Edwardsburg, which was used until nearly\\nworn out.\\nSTAGE ROUTES.\\nAlthough the Chicago road did not pass through\\nNiles, a branch was established from Edwardsburg to\\nthat place at a very early day, and much of the travel\\nwent that way.\\nThe first stage coaches in Cass County passed\\nthrough in the year 1830 upon the Chicago road and\\nthe above mentioned branch. The line was established\\nby Col. Alamanson Huston, and connected Niles with\\nDetroit. Messrs. Jones Savery, of White Pigeon,\\ncontinued to operate it until 1832, when travel was\\nsuspended on account of the Sauk war. It took about\\nseven days to make the journey from Niles to Detroit.\\nAt first, two stages went over the road each week, but\\ntrips were made tri-weekly before the cessation of the\\nbusiness in 1832.\\nIn 1833, Benjamin B. Kercheval, DeGarmo Jones\\nandMaj. Robert Forsythe, of Detroit, and Joseph W.\\nBrown,of Tecumseh, established a line of stages between\\nDetroit and Chicago. The route was from Detroit via\\nYpsilanti. Jonesville, Coldwater River, White Pigeon,\\nEdwardsburg and Niles. Teams were changed about\\nevery twelve miles. In 1834, Messrs. Saltmarsh,\\nOverton and Boardman purchased an interest in the\\nline, and the concern was known as the Western\\nStage Company. It was soon afterward divided in-\\nto sections, that extending from Jonesville to Chicago\\nbeing placed under the superintendency of Maj.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAiN.\\nWilliam Graves, who located at Niles in June,\\n1835.\\nIn the spring of this year, immigration having very\\nlargely increased and there being many land speculat-\\nors travelling through the country, it was found that\\ndaily stages were demanded. They were almost inva-\\nriably crowded, and the company was compelled to put\\non a double line before the season was over. Even\\nthen the agents were sometimes obliged to hire extra\\nteams and common wagons in which to convey pas-\\nsengers. The most desirable seats in the stages were\\nfrequently sold at a heavy premium by speculators.\\nThe stage companies upon this direct through line to\\nChicago were very liberally patronized and grew rich.\\nThey flourished finely until the iron horse and the\\nrailroad coach surpassed the Concord.\\nIn 1836, what was known as the Territorial road,\\nwas surveyed through Van Buren County, a line\\nof stages was put on it by John Allen, and the busi-\\nness was subsequently carried on by other parties.\\nWhen the Michigan Central Railroad was pushed\\nwestward across the State, the stage business began to\\ndecline, but it was continued as long as there was a\\ngap between the iron rail and Lake Michigan to be\\nfilled. When the road was built as far as Marshall,\\nstages were run from there to Kalamazoo and thence\\nto St. Joseph and New Buffalo. The line to the latter\\nplace passed through the northwest part of Cass Coun-\\nty. It was operated by D. Humphrey Co., and one\\nof the noted drivers was Ransom Dopp, of Wayne\\nTownship.\\nThe stage coach in use in Michigan during the pio-\\nneer days and until a generation ago, was the Con-\\ncord, probably so named from Concord, N. H., where\\nthe pattern was originated. They cost from $200 to\\npoo.\\nA REMINISCENCE OF THE STAGE.\\nThe following reminiscence by an old settler con-\\nveys a good idea of the stage coach and of stage travel\\nin Michigan in the olden time:\\nThe old stage coach was the fastest and best\\npublic conveyance by land forty-five years ago. Its\\nroute was along the main post roads and although a\\nthird of a century has elapsed since steam was har-\\nnessed to the flying car, and the whistle of the loco-\\nmotive usurped the place of the echoing stage-horn\\nthat heralded the coming of tlie four-wheeled\\nwonder, bearing the mail with the traveling public\\nand their baggage, yet along the byways and more\\nsecluded portions of our country, the old stage coach,\\nthe venerated relic of our past, is still the speediest\\nmode of travel, and the stage-horn yet gives notice of\\nits approach. Thus in this direction and in many\\nothers we carry the past with us.\\nAs one makes a pilgrimage, in imagination, along\\nthe old stage-route, the spirit of the past seems to\\nstart into life and clothes every object he meets with\\nan additional charm, bringing back the old associations\\nwithdrawn afar and mellowed by the light of other\\ndays.\\nReader, you can fancy this ancient vehicle a\\nblack painted and deck- roofed hulk starting out\\nfrom Detroit, with its load of passengers, swinging\\non its thorough-braces, attached to the fore and hind\\naxles, and crowded to its fullest capacity. There was\\na boot, projecting three or four feet behind, for luggage\\nan iron railing ran around the top of the coach where\\nextra baggage or passengers were stowed as occasion\\nrequired. The driver occupied a high seat in front\\nunder his feet was a place for his traps and the mail\\non each side of his seat was a lamp firmly fixed, to\\nlight his way by night inside of the coach were three\\nseats which would accommodate nine passengers. You\\ncan imagine the stage-coach thus loaded, starting out\\nat the get ape of the driver, as he cracks his whip\\nover the heads of the leaders, when all four horses\\nspring to their work, and away goes the lumbering\\nvehicle, soon lost to sight in the woods, struggling\\nalong the road, lurching from side to side into deep\\nruts and often into deeper mud holes.\\nFor bringing people to a common level and mak-\\ning them acquainted with each other and tolerant of\\neach other s opinions, give me the old stage-coach on\\nthe pioneer road. You can ride all day by the side\\nof a man in a railway car and he will not deign to\\nspeak to you. But in the old coach, silence found a\\ntongue and unsociability a voice common want\\nmade them companions and common hardships made\\nthem friends.\\nProbably this was the only place where the Demo-\\ncrat and Old-Line Whig ever were in quiet juxtaposition\\nwith that acrid, angular, intens^y earnest and cordially\\nhated ms^naiWeA ah Abolitionist. Spurned and tabooed\\nas an agitator, fanatic and disturber of the public\\npeace by both the old parties, his presence was as\\nmuch spurned and despised as were his political prin-\\nciples. But this man, thus hated, was found cheek\\nby jowl, with Democrat and Whig in the old stage.\\nWho shall say that these old politicians, sitting face\\nto face with a common enemy, and compelled to listen\\nto Abolition doctrines, were not benefited by it?\\nPerhaps this was the leaven cast into the Democracy\\nand Whiggery of the past, that finally leavened the\\nwhole lump.\\nWhen the roads were very bad, the mud-\\nwagon, on thorough-braces, drawn by two horses,\\nwas substituted for the regular coach. The verb trot\\nwas obsolete at such times, but the verb spatter was\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nconjugated in all its moods and tenses. The wagon,\\nthe horses, the driver and the passengers could testify\\nto this, for they were often covered with free soil.\\nThe driver sitting high up on the front, was monarch\\nof the road. Everything that could must get out of\\nhis way. If there was any opposition he had only to\\nslap his hand on the mail bag and say Uncle Sam\\ndon t want this little satchel detained. And thus\\non they go.\\nThe driver, as he nears a tavern, post office\\nat the roadside, or village, whips out the tin horn\\nfrom its sheath at his side, and sends forth a succes-\\nsion of pealing notes, that wake the slumbering echoes,\\nwhich reverberate and die away in the distant arcades\\nof the forest. The tavern or village, catching the\\nfirst note of the horn, is immediately awake. All are\\non the qui vine to witness the coming in of the\\nstage with its load of passengers, and to hear the news\\nfrom the outer world, contained in the old pad-locked\\nleathern mail-bag. The stage-coach of forty-five years\\nago was an important institution. Its coming was\\nalways an interesting event. It had all the enchant-\\nments about it that distance lends. The settlement\\nor village hailed its advent as a ship returning from\\na long cruise bringing relatives, friends and news\\nfrom a foreign land. It linked the woodland villages\\nwith each other, and kept them all in communication\\nwith the outside world.\\nCANAL OR RAILROAD PROJECT.\\nA meeting was held at Edwardsburg on February\\n2, 1836. to consider the project of constructing a\\ncanal from Constantine to Niles. A majority of those\\npresent favored the idea of a railroad rather than a\\ncanal, and the result was that the friends of the\\nenterprise secured the passage of an act by the\\nLegislature (March 26, 1836), incorporating the Con-\\nstantine and Niles Canal or Railroad Company\\nwith a capital stock fixed at $250;000. The com-\\npany was empowered to construct either a canal\\nor railroad between the termini mentioned in its name\\nand charter. The first Directors were William Meek,\\nGeorge W. Hoffman, Wells T. House, Watson Sum-\\nner, John G. Cathcart, Edward N. Bridge, J. C.\\nLanman, Jacob Beeson and Vincent L. Bradford. It\\nis possible that a survey was made of the proposed\\nline of the canal or railroad, but it is certain that no\\naction was taken beyond that step, and the financial\\ncrash of 1837, with its following period of depression,\\nput an end to the project. There were no further\\nattempts to build railroads or to open canals in this\\npart of the State for a number of years, but several\\nother abortive efforts were made simultaneously with\\nthat above described.\\nRAILROADS.\\nAnd now the iron trail traverses the country where\\nlittle more than a half century since there was naught\\nbut the Indian path, and where within the memory of\\nmen not old, the lumbering stage coach was the most\\nrapid medium of transportation.\\nA few brief notes upon the history of the three\\nlines of railroad which cross Cass County will not, we\\nthink, be without interest in this chapter.\\nThe first railroad in Cass County or Southeastern\\nMichigan was the Michigan Central. As early as\\n1832, the Territorial Council took steps toward the\\nbuilding of a railroad in Michigan, and upon the 29th\\nof June, passed an act incorporating the Detroit\\nSt. Joseph Railroad Company. The company organ-\\nized under this the first official movement toward\\nrailroad construction was the ancestor of the present\\ncorporation, the Michigan Central Railroad Company.\\nThe company was authorized to build a single or\\ndouble railroad from Detroit to St. Joseph by way of\\nthe village of Ypsilanti, and the county seats of Wash-\\ntenaw, Jackson, Calhoun and Kalamazoo Counties,\\nand to run cars on the same by the force of steam,\\nof animals, of any mechanical or other force, or of\\nany combination of these forces; was bound to\\nbegin work within two years from the passage of\\nthe act, to build thirty miles of track within six years,\\nto complete half of the road within fifteen years, and\\nto finish the whole of it within thirty years under\\npenalty of the forfeiture of its franchises.\\nThe route was surveyed by Lieut. Berrien, of the\\nregular army, and some work was done upon it near\\nthe eastern terminus to secure the franchise of the\\ncompany. Before the six years had expired in which\\nit was prescribed that thirty miles of road should be\\nbuilt, new and important official action was taken.\\nImmediately after the admission of Michigan as one\\nof the States of the Union, upon the 20th of March,\\n1837, an act of the Legislature was approved by the\\nGovernor, providing for the construction of three rail-\\nroads by the State government across the whole\\nbreadth of its territory, to be called the Northern,\\nCentral and Southern Railroads. The Central was\\nto run from Detroit to the mouth of the St. Joseph.\\nThe act also provided for the purchase of the rights\\nand property of companies already established,\\nand especially tiiose of tlie Detroit St. Joseph Com-\\npany. The sum of )50,000 was appropriated for\\nthe survey and making of the three roads, $400,000\\nof which was set apart for the Central. By anotlier\\nact passed March 21, 1837, the Legislature authorized\\na loan of $5,000,000. With the money obtained\\nfrom this and other sources, the Commissioners of\\nInternal Improvements proceeded with the construe-", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "80\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntion of the Central and Southern Uailroads. Owing\\nto the very slow method of carrying on the work in\\nthat pioneer era of railroads, the Central was not\\nbuilt to Kalamazoo until 1846. Upon March 28,\\n1846, an act was passed by the Legislature which\\nprovided for an entire change of system in railroad\\nbuilding. A body corporate by the name of the\\nMichigan Central Railroad Company was established.\\nIt was authorized to purchase and the State agreed to\\nsell all of its interest in the Central Railroad for f 2,-\\n000,000. The franchise of the company required it\\nto follow substantially the route originally decided\\nupon, but instead of specifying that the mouth of the\\nSt. Joseph should be the western terminus, allowed\\nthe company to build from Kalamazoo to some point\\nin the State of Michigan on or near Lake Michigan\\nwhich shall be accessible to steamboats on said lake,\\nand thence to some point on the southern boundary\\nline of Michigan, the men who composed the com-\\npany insisting on the latter provision in order that\\nthey might have a choice of destination. As soon as\\nthe company had made its payment and taken posses-\\nsion of the road it determined to take the nearest route\\nby which communication with Chicago could be pro-\\ncured, and began surveying a route to New Buffalo,\\nrunning through the northwest part of Cass County.\\nThis route was adopted, laborers employed and the\\nwork pushed forward at a rate of speed which for the\\ntime was remarkable. It was finished to Niles Octo-\\nber 7, 1848, and to New Buffalo in the spring of the\\nfollowing year. In the winter of 1851-52, the road\\nwas opened to Michigan City, and in the spring of\\nof 1852 completed to Chicago. Since that time the\\nbusiness of the Michigan Central has steadily increased,\\nand it has long been recognized as one of the princi-\\npal lines in the West.\\nThe Michigan Southern was originally intended to\\npass through the southern part of the county, and the\\nsame act which provided for the construction of the\\nCentral authorized its building, but the route was\\nsubsequently so changed as to run through Northern\\nIndiana.\\nThe Air Line Railroad was built to open to traffic\\na fertile region through the counties of Cass, St.\\nJoseph, Calhoun and Jackson, and to form a more\\ndirect line from Jackson to Niles than the Central\\nfurnished. It was opened to travel to Homer in the\\nsummer of 181 0, to Three Rivers in the autumn of the\\nsame year, and to Niles in February, 1871. The\\niron was laid to Cassopolis November 28, 1870. The\\nfirst regular passenger train commenced running on\\nthe road January 16, 1871. The Air Line was built\\nchiefly by parties living along the route. The road\\nis now leased and operated by the Michigan Central.\\nThe Grand Trunk Railroad was constructed through\\nCass County about the same time as the Air Line.\\nThe amount of subscriptions and donations of right of\\nway in the county amounted to about $100,000. To\\nS. T. Read, of Cassopolis, is doubtless due the credit\\nof having brought the line through Cassopolis. He\\ntook an active interest in the building of the road, and\\ncontributed liberally to the enterprise in money and\\ntime. Iron was laid to Cassopolis February 9, 1871,\\nand regular trains East were run for the first time in\\nJune of the same year. The road was completed to\\nValparaiso, Ind., in 1871. The origin of the Grand\\nTrunk dates back to June 30, 1847, when the Port\\nHuron k Lake Michigan Railroad Company was\\nchartered to construct a railroad from Port Huron to\\nsome point on Lake Michigan, at or near the mouth\\nof Grand River.\\nIn 1855, the Port Huron Milwaukee Rail-\\nroad Company was chartered, and not long after\\namalgamated with the first-named organization. The\\nPeninsular Railroad Company was chartered October\\n3, 1865, for the construction of a railroad between\\nLansing and Battle Creek, and January 3, 1868, the\\nPeninsular Railroad Extension Company was char-\\ntered for the extension of the line from Battle Creek\\nto the Indiana State line, and the two companies were\\nconsolidated into a corporation as the Peninsular\\nRailway Company, February 17, 1868. After numer-\\nous other consolidations and changes, the present or-\\nganization was consummated in April, 1880, under\\nthe name of the Chicago Grand Trunk Railway\\nCompany. The length of the line froin Port Huron\\nto Chicago is 330.40 miles.\\nCHAPTER Xni.\\nRELIGIOUS AND EDUCATIONAL.\\nCharicter ot T ioneer Preachers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Karl y Olergymeii of Different De-\\nnmniiiations in Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sketches ot Adam Miller, John\\nByrns, Elder Jacob I rice, Justus Gage and Others\u00e2\u0080\u0094 ISishop Phi-\\nlander Chiise\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Collins, the Boy Preacher \u00e2\u0080\u0094Educational Interests\\not the County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 School Laws\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Inoorporatlou ot an Academy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pres-\\nent Method ot School Supervision\u00e2\u0080\u0094 County Superintendents-\\nCounty School Examiners.\\nFROM an interesting and valuable paper on the\\nPioneer Clergy, by Hon. George B. Tur-\\nner, we extract the following paragraphs upon the\\ncharacter of those avant-couriers of Christianity, who\\nwere known to the early settlers of Southwestern\\nMichigan\\nIt is to be regretted that in the history of the\\nearly settlement of Southern Michigan so few facts\\n1\\\\w article was publistied iu the Cassopolis Nalional Democrat February S.\\n1874. Several selections fr. in it are iiicorpiratod in this chapter\u00e2\u0080\u0094 in fact, all of\\nthe matter which appears in quotation marks, the authorship of which is not\\notherwise indicated.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "F(EV:JAC0B PRICE.\\nf^E /.ADAj^ Ml LLEf^.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n81\\nhave been preserved in relation to the efforts of the\\nclergy of that period. As a class, none contributed\\nmore toward opening up the far West, as Michigan\\nwas called so late as 1837 none did more toward\\nspreading civilization and knowledge toward sowing\\nthe seed of practical religion and nursing the early\\nplants as they sprang up under their ministrations,\\nuntil churches were organized, Sunday schools\\nstarted, theological institutions founded, and a better\\ncivilization had taken the place of what they found\\namong the hardy backwoodsmen of this new country.\\nThe pionear clergy, with a self-sacrificing spirit j\\nworthy of the earlier days of Christianity, plunged\\ninto the wilderness, Bible and hymn-book in hand\\nsometimes astride a horse with saddle bags containing\\nbut a single change of raiment oftener on foot, with\\na bundle of clothes thrown over his shoulder on a\\nstick, he made his way from one settlement to another\\nalong deer paths or Indian trails, to preach the word\\nof life to the rough frontiersman and their fiimilies.\\nWherever the white man penetrated the wilds of an\\nAmerican forest, not far behind him followed the dar-\\ning Methodist circuit rider, the pains-taking and in-\\ndefatigable Baptist, or the stately and dignified Pres-\\nbyterian. If pulpit oratory, in those days, had less\\nof the polish of modern times in it, certainly it had,\\nas a general thing, more of the spirit of the great\\nMaster in it. The early preacher may have lacked\\nsomewhat of the book learning of the present day,\\nbut he more than made up for it by an earnest, per-\\nsistent, undoubting faith in the divine Word, and in\\nhis own mission to preach that Word to dying men\\nand women. He seldom failed to impress upon his j\\nhearers that hearty, enthusiastic love for the Re-\\ndeemer, or that dread of His retributive justice, which\\nhe seemed to feel and speak and act in this new and\\nwild theater of action. He may at times have ap-\\npeared severely personal sometimes intolerant and\\neven coarse in the demonstration of the Word but, it\\nmust be remembered, he lived and preached at a time\\nand under circumstances when a faithful, fearless\\ndenunciation of sin in all its forms was regarded as\\nthe highest possible qualification for a minister of the\\nGospel.\\nMost of the pioneer preachers were young men\\nsome mere youths who had been sent into this new\\nregion to cultivate a ministerial talent, preparatory to\\nengagement in other and more refined fields of labor.\\nSo far as the Methodist Church of Michigan is con-\\ncerned, its ablest and best men have been through\\nthis backwoods probation. For example, many years\\nago, there came into the circuit two mere boys, El-\\ndred and Collins. Both became eminent men. The\\nlatter, before his death, bid fair to reach the highest\\nposition in the church the former now holds high\\nrank in it. To write the history of Methodism in\\nMichigan, with either of these names left out, would\\nsimply be to give to the world a broken and unsatis-\\nfactory view of the church in Michigan, its power\\nand extent.\\nThe earliest minister of the Gospel in Cass County,\\nconcerning whom we have any authoritative informa-\\ntion, was the Rev. Adam Miller, a Baptist, who\\nsettled in Ontwa Township in 1830. Several Method-\\nist circuit riders had preached in the county prior to\\nthis time. Adam Miller was born in Pennsylvania\\nin the year 1781. At the age of twenty-three, he\\nmarried Sarah Prior, and settled as a farmer in the\\nneighborhood of his birthplace. About the same time,\\nhe began to preach, but with what success is not\\nknown. In 1815, he emigrated to Franklin County,\\nOhio, where he labored in his chosen fields, temporal\\nand spiritual, until the year 1880, when he removed\\nto Michigan. Many persons now living can remem-\\nber the emigrant wagon of fifty years ago its heavy,\\nunsightly, comfortless make-up, its roof of tent-cloth\\nsupported on hickory bows, its interior crow-ded with\\nbundles of bedding, clothes, boxes of edibles, babies,\\nboys and girls, pots, kettles, etc., etc. The wagon,\\nwith its heavy load, was drawn by one, two or three\\nyoke of oxen. In one of these cumberous vehicles\\nElder Miller and his family made the journey from\\nOhio to Southwestern Michigan, crossing the great\\nBlack Swamp, and following a tortuous trail through\\nthe heavy forest. The passage through the swamp\\nin the spring was anything but a pleasure trip. Many\\nstories have been told of it which would not read well\\nin the biography of a minister. After a wearisome\\njourney of from three to four weeks duration, Elder\\nMiller and family reached the northwest part of\\nBeardsley s Prairie, near Edwardsburg, where they\\nfound three cabins and a few settlers. The preacher\\nbought eighty acres of land of a Mr. Coan, or Coon,\\nwhich he immediately proceeded to plow and plant.\\nSoon afterward, he entered quite a large tract of land,\\nadjoining his original purchase, and lying partly in\\nMichigan and partly in Indiana. Elder Miller s\\ntime was divided between farming and preaching.\\nLaboring at agriculture through the week, he saddled\\nhis horse Saturday night, or early upon Sunday, and\\ntraveled often many miles to fill preaching appoint-\\nments, usually following Indian trails, .and occasionally\\nthe primitive roads cut through the woods by the\\nwhite settlers. His first sermon in the vicinity of\\nBrownsville. Calvin Township, was preached under a\\nburr-oak tree. The congregation was not a large one,\\nbut it is safe to say that not many in the surrounding\\ncountry, who had heard of the appointment, remained", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "HIST()RY OF CASS COtNTY, MICHIGAN.\\naway. Religious meetings were very frequently held\\nin the open air, but the settlers proffered the use of\\ntheir humble homes when the weather was such as to\\nforbid out-door gatherings. The field of Elder Mil\\nler s labors included Cass and Berrien Counties, and\\nthe counties of St- Joseph and Elkhart in Indiana.\\nHis simple, zealous style of preaching, and his per-\\nsonal persuasion, led many to embrace Christianity.\\nAmong his earliest converts was an Indian, whose\\nname is not now remembered. He was a very earnest\\nadherent of the faith, and died in its enjoyment. The\\npioneer preacher was present at his deathbed. The\\nIndian arose, and, with his eyes and arras raised\\nheavenward, exclaimed as if addressing a spiritual\\npersonage made visible to him, Come, Jesus then,\\nsinking back upon the couch, peacefully expired.\\nIt is said Elder Miller organized, or assisted in\\norganizing. Liberty Church, two and a half miles\\nsouth of Cassopolis also the Baptist Churches at\\nEdwardsburg, Niles, Mishawaka (Ind.), and a number\\nof others. Elder Miller had an education of only the\\nmerest rudimentary character in his early days, and\\nwhatever of usefulness characterized his after life was\\nthe result of self-improvement, native ability and force\\nof character, combined with goodness of heart, deep\\nsense of duty, and untiring zeal. He was a fair type\\nof the pioneer minister of the Gospel. He was a\\nman of genial temperament, and was full of kindness\\nand sympathy for all mankind. Notwithstanding the\\nfact that he had a large family, several poor boys, at\\ndifferent periods, found homes under his roof, and his\\nienevolence was exhibited in various deeds. He sup-\\nported himself upon the proceeds of his farm never\\nreceived a salary during his fifty years service in\\nthe cause of religion, and very rarely accepted a\\ndonation. He perceived at an early day the impro-\\npriety of a minister of the Gospel using intoxicating\\nliquors as a beverage in his family. He said that he\\nwanted none of his boys to become drunkards through\\nhis influence, and poured out his stock of whisky as\\na libation to the earth. His wife anticipated diflS-\\nculty in getting the neighbors to assist in raising a\\nbarn the following week, if they learned that liquor\\nwas not to be served. They were notified on being\\ninvited to the raising that the usual custom would\\nnot be observed, but turned out notwithstanding, and\\nthe barn was raised in as good shape as if the jug of\\nstimulating spirits had been present. Rev. Adam\\nMiller was rather singularly the seventh son of a\\nseventh son, and himself the father of seven sons.\\nHe was twice married. His sons were John P.,\\nAnthony, Samuel, David, Adam, Jacob and Henry.\\nThree of them, Anthony, Samuel and David, are\\nordained ministers two or three others are occasional\\nexhorters, and all church members. His daughters\\nwere, by his first wife, Sarah by his second, Mary,\\nMargaret, Elizabeth and Eliza, three of whom Sarah,\\nElizabeth and Eliza are now living. A grand-\\ndaughter, Mrs. Sarah K. Owen, resides in Cassopo-\\nlis. A few years before his death. Elder Miller re-\\nmoved from Cass County and settled a few miles from\\nMishawaka, Ind., where he died August 27, 1854.\\nIn 18.32, the county was visited by a pioneer of\\nEpiscopalianism who was no less a character than\\nBishop Philander Chase. He came out from Ohio\\nwith Bazaleel Wells, of Steubenville, who wished to\\nmake a visit to his sons in Kalamazoo County. The\\nBishop bought land in Branch County and made a\\ntemporary home there, to which, because of the pro-\\nductiveness of the land he gave the name of Gilead.\\nIn his published Reminiscences, Bishop Chase gives\\nthe following description of Southwestern Michigan\\nas it was when he first saw it The whole region\\nof the St. Joseph, embracing one hundred miles square\\nand more, never till now had an Episcopal minister\\nto ofiiciate in it. All was waste in regard to the\\nprimitive Protestant Church. Wherever the writer\\nwent, he invaded no man s diocese, parish or labors.\\nIn and throughout this country a circuit of duty was\\nplanned to be fulfilled in that and coming years. This\\nembraced Niles. South Bend, Beardsley s Prairie or\\nEdwardsburg, Cassopolis. White Pigeon, Mongoquinon,\\nEnglish Prairie and Coldwater, besides other places\\nafterward erected Constantineand Centerville. Some\\nof these appertained to Michigan and some to\\nIndiana.\\nBishop Chase married the first couple ever joined\\nin the bonds of wedlock at the county seat of Cass,\\nupon New Year s Day, 183-3, and performed the first\\nreligious services in the village afterward.\\nAn incident of some local interest is related as oc-\\ncurring in Cass County when the Bishop was on his\\nway with his family to Illinois, in 1836 At\\nEdwardsburg they were the guests of Abiel Silver.\\nThe Bishop s favorite horse, Cincinnatus, well along\\nin years, got quite lame, and he resorted to the fol-\\nlowing expedient to return him to his farm in\\nGilead. He tied a small piece of board to his\\nneck, upon which there was written, My name is\\nCincinnatus; I belong to P. Cha.\u00c2\u00abe, Gilead, now\\nBishop of Illinois; I am 18 years old and somewhat\\nlame. Let me pass on to Gilead, where I shall be taken\\ncare of through the winter as a reward for my past\\nservices. It is needless to say the old horse reached\\nhis destination and was well taken care of during the\\nwinter. Much of Bishop Chase s life was spent in\\nthe West, and he exerted a large influence in Chris-\\ntianizing it.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n83\\nElder Jacob Price, one of the foremost pioneers of\\nthe Baptist faith, came to Cass County in 1833.\\nProbably no minister who has lived in the county was\\nmore widely known or generally loved. He was\\nbrought to Michigan through the instrumentality of\\nMartin C. Whitman, a merchant of Whitmanville\\n(La Grange), who made his acquaintance in the city\\nof New York in the summer of 1833. He arrived in\\nDetroit on the 1st of September, and two Sundays\\nlater preached at Whitmanville, where he had taken\\nup his residence. He next preached at Geneva (on\\nthe banks of Diamond Lake), and upon the 27th of\\nSeptember at South Bend. While returning from\\nthat place, his wife was taken sick with a form of fever I\\ncommon to the new country, from which she died,\\nOctober 19. Elder Price resided at Whitmanville\\nabout three years, preaching regularly there, at Ed-\\nwardsburg, and at Bertrand (Berrien County), as well\\nas filling occasional appointments in all parts of Cass\\nCounty. In 1836, he came to Edwardsburg, where i\\nho lived until 1842, when he took up his residence at\\nCassopolis, which place he made his home until his\\ndeath, which occurred August 8, 1871 a period of\\ntwenty-nine years. He was, during the whole period\\nof his residence in Cass County, zealously engaged in\\npropagating the seed of Christian faith, and probably\\ndelivered more sermons than any other minister of\\nthe Gospel who ever had a residence in the county.\\nHe officiated at a very large number of funerals and\\nweddings during his ministry, being sent for from all\\nparts of the region around his home. Rev. Jacob\\nPrice was of Welsh nativity, being born in South\\nWales March 28, 179Q, and was the son of a Deacon\\nin the Baptist Church. He married his first wife.\\nMiss Ann Price, an English lady, in 1830, and sailed\\nfrom England to New York in 1831. Until he re-\\nmoved to Michigan, he was pastor of the Second Bap-\\ntist Church of Brooklyn. His second wife, whom he\\nmarried in 1836 and who still survives, was Miss\\nSarah Bennett.\\nHis children were: By his first wife, Anna, now\\nMrs. Carmichael, of Benton Harbor. By his second\\nwife, Sarah and Ellen, residents in Cassopolis; Mary\\n(Fletcher), now in Chautauqua County, N. Y.; Carrie\\n(Mrs. Orson Rudd) recently removed to Dakota;\\nJudson, in Kansas; and Alfred, at present a Professor\\nin Central University, of Pella, Iowa.\\nMr. Turner says of Elder Price Perhaps no\\nclergyman who ever ministered to our people was\\nmore universally and thoroughly known to them at the\\ntime of his death or more generally beloved, than this\\ntruly good man. He was not what would\\nbe called a great preacher; that is, one of those\\npossessed of the marvelous power to stir up at will\\nthe emotional in men and women, and promote wide-\\nspread revivals. But in one sense he was a great\\nman. His humble life, his uniform goodness of heart,\\nhis unvarying piety, which, taught every day, as well\\nby example as by precept, endeared him to our people,\\nand stamped him as a Christian of extraordinary\\npurity of character. In that sense, he was a great\\nman a profound preacher.\\nA beautiful monument in the Cassopolis Cemetery,\\nreared to the memory of Elder Price through the\\ncontributions of hundreds of citizens of the county,\\nwill bear testimony for centuries to the esteem in\\nwhich he was held.\\nUniversalism was preached in Cassopolis in the\\nyear 1836, by the Rev. George R. Brown, and he was\\nthe first settled pastor of any denomination in the\\ncounty seat.\\nThe Rev. Justus Gage who died in Dowagiac on the\\n21st of January, 1875, was, however, the best known\\nclergyman of the Universalis! faith in the county,\\nand has been commonly regarded as its pioneer\\npreacher. He settled in Wayne Township in 1837,\\ncoming from New York, in which State, the county\\nof Madison and village of De Ruyter, he was born on\\ntiie 13th of March, 1805. He became a Universal-\\nist in 1822, and was soon after licensed to preach.\\nUntil declining health forbade, he continued to exer-\\ncise his high calling. He was the organizer of the\\nDowagiac Universalist Church, which enjoyed his\\nministry for many years, and has been a flourishing\\nsociety. Mr. Gage was a man of much public spirit,\\nand took a deep interest in educational matters and\\nvarious secular subjects as well as religious. He was\\nprominently identified in the organization and build-\\ning up of the County Agricultural Society, and for\\neight years was a member of the State Board of\\nAgriculture.\\nAnother early preacher of Universalism in this\\ncounty was the Rev. J. P. Averill. He was re-\\ngarded as a young man of much promise, and during\\nhis short career in this vicinity made many warm\\nfriends. His early death deprived the church of a\\nstrong pillar and society of a genial, warm-hearted\\ngentleman.\\nAmong the early Methodist ministers of note who\\nresided for a long term of years in the county,\\nwere Father McCool and Rev. John Byrns, both\\nof whom settled in Pokagon. Of the first named, Mr.\\nTurner writes He was a man of large frame, of\\nstrong native ability, and possessed a fair amount of\\nbook-learning. As a preacher, he was not of the\\nsympathetic order. He rather held up the pains and\\npenalty of a violated law, and thundered anathemas\\nupon the heads of obdurate sinners and among that", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "84\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nclass in which fear of a hereafter was the main in- j\\ncentive to religious life, he was unusually successful.\\nCombativeness was a strong element in his character.\\nHe never, so far as I knew, declined a discussion with\\none of another denomination. His meetings in the\\nearly days of his ministry were remarkably orderly.\\nIf bis intellectual forces were not sufficient to reduce\\nthe refractory young men to order, his physical forces\\nwere, and when he did bring them into action, woe\\nwas it to the luckless sinner who felt his strong hand\\ngrasp him. Not long since (1874), this really good\\nand useful man passed to his reward. i\\nA man of quite different character in many essen-\\ntials is the Rev. John Byrns, who settled in Pokagon\\nin 1837. He is a native of Ireland was born in\\n1816, and came with his parents to America when he\\nwas six years of age. Prior to his emigration to\\nMichigan, he resided in Syracuse, N. Y. In\\n1840, he was converted, joined the Methodist Church,\\nand it was not long thereafter that he was licensed to\\nexhort. In 1841, he was licensed to preach. Since i\\nthat time, he has devoted himself unselfishly to the\\nchurch, and been very active in its service. Few men\\nhave done more for the advancement of Methodism in\\nSouthwestern Michigan than Mr. Byrns. He never\\njoined the Conference, but has been appointed to and\\nhas filled numerous circuits, and when not so em- j\\nployed has had charges nearer home. He has main-\\ntained himself by industrious farming, and his labors\\nfor the church have been performed through the most\\nstrenuous extra exertions. He has often been obliged\\nto travel from fifty to seventy-five miles upon horse-\\nback at the end of the week, besides doing his regular\\nwork upon the farm.\\nCollins, the Boy Preacher (afterward in the front\\nrank of Methodist divines) and the impression he pro-\\nduced in Cassopolis, in the fall of 1839, are described\\nby Mr. Turner, in his paper on The Pioneer Clergy,\\nvery happily\\nI naturally looked toward the speaker s stand.\\nThere, occupying his chair, sat a youth, who seemed\\nto be eighteen or nineteen years of age, yet he was\\nprobably several years older than his looks indicated.\\nHe was of good size, well proportioned, with a full,\\nfresh beardless face and flaxen hair. His garments,\\nwhich were of some dark gray material, seemed, in\\nevery way, too small for him, and evidently made him\\nfeel uncomfortable, for I noticed him occasionally try j\\nto lengthen out his pants by thrusting his thumbs just\\ninside of the pockets and pushing down on them.\\nThen he would pull at the bottom of his vest, so as to\\nclose up the open space between it and the waist-band\\nof his pani,s. Now and then he would catch, with his\\nfingers, the lower end of his coat sleeve and pull it\\ndown, in order to cover much of the wrist left exposed\\nby the extreme scantiness of the cloth. While sitting\\nthere, his eyes, the most of the time, were cast down\\nto the floor, but occasionally he would raise them for\\na moment, and take a glance at the congregation, as\\nif to take in its character and capacity, then let them\\nfall again.\\nThe time for service had come. He slowly raised\\nto his feet, and, in a tremulous, indistinct manner,\\nread a hymn, which having been sung, he knelt down\\nand made a brief but certainly not a powerful, prayer.\\nThen rising to his feet, he gave out his text, which\\nmay be found in the first epistle general of John\\nGod is love.\\nUp to this time, he had not made a very favorable\\nimpression upon bis audience. Indeed, some of the\\nold campaigners of the church began to hang their\\nheads, feeling that Methodism would suffer in the\\nhands of the Boy Preacher. His manner, his read-\\ning, his prayer all fell short of what was expected of\\none sent to take charge of so large and important a\\nfield of labor as Cass Circuit.\\nMy sympathies, however, were strongly enlisted\\nin his favor from the first. He was young and inex-\\nperienced. He must begin his career somewhere. The\\nConference, no doubt, regarded our circuit as a new\\nfield, comparatively, and eminently fit ground for a\\nyoung theologian to practice in. Then, as now, the\\nmost matured talent of the church was thrown into\\nthe cities and larger villages. But, notwithstanding\\nall the drawbacks that the boy had to contend with,\\nI felt, if there was any truth in physiognomy, he had\\nwithin him the germs of a noble manhood the indices\\nof a great mind. If he had disappointed his hearers\\nin the preliminary exercises of the morning, his slow,\\nhesitating words and awkward gestures at the opening\\nof his discourse, bid fair to intensify that feeling be-\\nfore its close. Yet, as he stumbled along, there was\\nsomething in his honest face, something in his clear,\\nblue eyes, that gradually attracted and fixed the at-\\ntention of his audience. It was a kind of magnetic\\ninfluence, such as some of our best public speakers\\npossess and often wield to control the masses on great\\nand important occasions.\\nBy degrees the embarrassment under which he\\nlabored wore off; his language and gestures im-\\nproved his Methodist friends began to look up\\nagain, and hope at least that he would not disgrace\\nthem. His slow, broken utterances gave way to a\\nstronger, better-connected and clearer train of thought.\\nHis eyes, which had before sought the floor, now\\nlooked confidently up, and his countenance beamed\\nwith an intelligence so grandly good as to rivet the\\nattention of every one who could see and hear him.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "IIISTOliV OK (WSS COUNTY. MICIIK! AN.\\n85\\nThe transformation from the uncouth, inexperienced,\\nstammering boy to the convincing, powerful minister\\nof God s word was now complete.\\nConcluding his discourse by a brief exhortation,\\nBrother Collins sat down, and for a time all was\\nwonderfully still in the house. That he had made a\\ndecidedly favorable impression was clearly apparent.\\nA satisfied and pleased expression lit up the faces of\\nmany, especially of church members. Others, un-\\nusually sympathetic in their feelings, wept freely\\nand not a few seemed thoughtful and solemn.\\nFrom that day we kept the young brother in\\nview. With each succeeding year, he grew in impor-\\ntance among the Methodists of Michigan and the\\npublic generally. His acknowledged ability placed\\nhim in the front rank of his denomination. He be-\\ncame a leader honors upon honors were showered\\nupon him, and had his life been spared, the crowning\\none of them all in the church militant would have\\nbeen his a Bishopric.\\nPresbyterian ism had among its leading early ex-\\nponents the Rev. Mr. Bryant, and the Rev. Mr.\\nMcClaren both eminent for piety, learning and\\nability. Perhaps none who preceeded them, and cer-\\ntainly none who came after them, exercised so great\\nan influence for good in the church as these pioneers.\\nThey were industrious and earnest in their advocacy\\nof the cause they had espoused.\\nRoman Catholicism was first preached in Cass\\nCounty to the Pottawatomie Indians. The Chief,\\nPokagon, and his followers, built a small log church\\nin Silver Creek Township, on the north bank of Long\\nLake, in 1838. The first priest who regularly visited\\nthem was the Rev. De Salle, who came from the Col-\\nlege of Notre Dame, at South Bend, Ind.*\\nEDUCATIONAL.f\\nThe ordinance of 1787 for the government of the\\nNorthwest Territory contained the declaration that\\nschools and the means of education shall forever be\\nencouraged. An ordinance for the sale of Western\\nlands, passed by Congress in 1785, provided that Sec-\\ntion 16 in every township should be reserved for the\\nuse of schools, and that wise and beneficent measure\\nhas been re-enacted and enforced by subsequent legis-\\nlation the acts for the sale of lands in the Indiana\\nTerritory, for the organization of Michigan Territory,\\nand the ordinance admitting the State of Michigan\\ninto the Union. The original and the present consti-\\ntutions of the State required that the proceeds of\\nthese lands should remain a perpetual fund for the\\n\u00c2\u00bbThe intercnting history of tho Silver Croek Catholic Church is given at\\nUiiKth In the chapter devoti-il to the townnhlp.\\nfli^iliicalionnl niiittera are here treated only in a eenernl way as per*\\ntjiining to tho county an a whole. Detailed hiatorieM of the principal achoola of\\ntho connty appear in their appropriate placm In liila work.\\npurpose originally designed. The measure was sub-\\nsequently modified to the advantage of the State as\\na whole.*\\nThe success of the sciiool system of the State is\\nvery largely due to the foresight and wise manage-\\nment of its organizers. Educational interests have\\nnowhere in the Union received more attention or been\\nmore enhanced by the people than in Michigan. School-\\nhouses everywhere dot the landscape. The cities and\\nvillages have vied with each other in erecting the best\\nschool edifices, and it is no rare thing to see in towns\\nof one, two or three thousand population schoolhouses\\nadmirable in architecture and arrangement, which\\nhave cost ten, twenty or thirty thousand dollars.\\nIn 1827 was enacted the first Territorial school law.\\nThis law ordained that the citizens of any township\\nhaving fifty householders should employ a school-\\nmaster of good morals to teach the children to read\\nand write, and that the citizens of any township hav-\\ning two hundred householders should secure the\\nservices of a schoolmaster competent to teach Latin,\\nFrench and English. The townships which neglected\\nto observe this law were liable to the payment of a\\nfine of not less than $50 or more than $150.\\nThis law gave place to another in 1833, which re-\\nenacted many of its leading provisions and placed the\\nschool lands which had formerly been under the super-\\nvision of the Governor and Legislative Council, un-\\nder the management of three Commissioners and\\nten Inspectors. The oflSce of Superintendent of Com-\\nmon Schools was also created.\\nIn 1837, a primary school law was enacted by the\\nState Legislature. This law, which was almost identical\\nwith that of New York, provided for the division of\\nthe State into districts, each containing a sufficient\\nnumber of inhabitants to support a school with a\\nsingle teacher. The districts were divided and sub-\\ndivided as the population increased.\\nThe union or graded schools followed by a natural\\nprocess of growth, and these liave been constantly\\ndeveloped until at present they are the glory of the\\nState.\\nDuring the later years of the Territorial and the\\nearly years of the State government, there was a pop-\\nular rage for the establishment of academies. Charters\\nwere secured for their organization in almost every\\ncounty in Southern Michigan. As a matter of course,\\nmany of them never progre.ssed beyond the stage of\\nincorporation.\\nAn act of the Territorial Legislative Council, ap-\\nproved April 19, 1833, incorporated the Cass County\\nAcademy. The corporators were Baldwin Jenkins,\\nWilliam Burke, Isaac Shurte, Jacob Silver, Martin\\nSee (ante thin volume) chapter on landn.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "86\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nShields, Abiel Silver, Alexander H. Redfield, Demster\\nBeatty and Elias B. Sherman. The charter granted\\nto the corporators the privilege of building an acad-\\nemy in Cassopolis, and stipulated that the amount\\nof property owned by the incorporation should not\\nexceed in value \u00c2\u00a720,000. No action was taken to-\\nward carrying out the objects for which this corpora-\\ntion was made.\\nAs the common schools were developed, it was uni-\\nversally recognized that they would supply very\\nnearly the same kind of education which the acade-\\nmies were designed to afford. There are now in the\\nState about three hundred graded schools doing the\\nwork of academies. Each of these has a board of six\\nTrustees, two of whom are elected annually for a term\\nof three years.\\nGeneral supervision of the work of education in the\\nState is exercised by the Superintendent of Public\\nInstruction.\\nLocal supervision has, during most of the years of\\nMichigan s history, been exercised by township or\\nvillage officers chosen for the purpose.\\nThe schools first came under county management\\nin 1867, through the operation of a law passed at the\\nsession of the Legislature for 1866-67. This was\\nentitled An act to provide for County Superintend-\\nents of Schools. It prescribed the election of a\\nCounty Superintendent in every organized county of\\nthe State having more than ten school districts. It\\nwas provided that the Superintendent should be\\nelected for a term of two years, and that the first elec-\\ntion should be held on the first Monday of April, 1867.\\nThe compensation was to be decided by the Board of\\nSupervisors. The duties of the County School Su-\\nperintendent were explicitly defined. Among others\\nwere those of examining all persons ofi ering them-\\nselves as teachers, attendance in each township at\\nleast once a year, the issuance of certificates of three\\ngrades to those applicants passing examinations, and\\nthe visitation of every school in the county. He was\\nalso required to examine into the condition of school\\nbuildings, suggest plans for new or repairs on old ones,\\nand to advance the interest in and efficiency of instruc-\\ntion by the holding of institutes, delivery of lectures\\nand other means in his power.\\nThe first County Superintendent of Schools elected\\nin Cass County was Chauney L. Whitney, elected\\nApril 1, 1867. He resigned the position in the fall\\nof the same year, and the Rev. Albert H. Gaston was,\\nupon October 22, appointed by Orimel Hosford, State\\nSuperintendent of Public Instruction, to fill the va-\\ncancy. In 1869, Irvin Clendenen was elected, and\\nin 1871 Lewis P. Rinehart. Samuel Johnson was\\nchosen in 1873, and filled the office until 1875, when\\nit was abolished. From 1875 to 1881, public instruc-\\ntion was managed by township authorities.\\nIn 1881, the examination of teachers and other\\ndetails of the supervision of educational interests was\\nvested in a County Board, provided for in each county\\nof the State by act of the Legislature. The board,\\nit was specified, should be composed of three persons\\nelected by the chairmen of the Township Boards of\\nSchool Inspectors. In accordance with statutory pro-\\nvision, a meeting was held at Cassopolis upon the 12th\\nof August. At this meeting E. M. Stephenson was\\nelected to serve for a term of one year, Michael Pem-\\nberton for two years and Daniel B. Ferris for three\\nyears. Mr. Stephenson was subsequently chosen\\nSecretary and Michael Pemberton Chairman of the\\nBoard.\\nCHAPTER XIY.\\nTHE BAR OF CASS COUNTY.\\nAlexander H. Kedfleld\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Elias B. Shennaa\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Old Time Non -Resident\\nLawyei-s Sketched by one who knew Them\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Black Chip\\nand White Chip Biographical Sketch of James Sullivan\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nEzekiel S. Smith\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Henry H. Coolidge\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Clifford Shanahan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Daniel\\nBlacknian\u00e2\u0080\u0094 George B. Turner\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Andrew J. Smith\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Younger At-\\ntorneys who have Practiced at the Cass County Bar.\\nTHE first lawyers in the county were Alexander\\nH. Redfield and Elias B. Sherman. They were\\nassociated together in the proprietorship of Cassopolis?\\nand it was principally through their influence that it\\nwas designated the county seat.\\nAlexander H. Redfield was the seventh son of\\nPeleg Redfield, and was born in Manchester, Ontario\\nCo., N. Y., October 24. 1805. He studied three\\nyears at Hamilton College, Clinton, N. T., but\\ngraduated from Union College, Schenectady, in 1829.\\nHe studied law with James R. and Grove Lawrence and\\nwith Hon. Samuel Hammond, and was admitted to\\npractice in the Supreme Court of New York in July,\\n1831. In August of the same year, he came to Cass\\nCounty. After assisting in laying out Cassopolis and\\nsecuring the location of the seat of justice, he for\\nmany years made the village his home. He assisted\\nin raising the first frame building in the town and\\nwas appointed the first Postmaster. In 1832. as a\\nColonel in the Michigan militia, during the Sauk or\\nBlack Hawk war, he went to Northern Illinois and\\nfor many days encamped on the site of Chicago.\\nDuring his residence in Cassopolis, he not only prac-\\nticed law but carried on a very extensive miscella-\\nneous business, of which, however, land speculation\\nformed the greater part. His office was the brick\\nbuilding, still standing upon Broadway, in Cassopolis,\\nnext door to Capt. Joseph Harper s residence. Mr.\\nRedfield was a man of very methodical business and", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\n87\\nprofessional habits. It is related by his friends that he\\ncould, in the darkest night, go to his oiSce and select\\nany book or package of papers he desired with abso-\\nlute certainty. He was noted for his love of order.\\nA cotemporary says that his chief excellence as a\\nlawyer consisted of his thorough knowledge of the\\nroutine of office business. He was an able and safe\\ncounselor, but did not possess remarkable oratorical\\ntalent. His social qualities marked him as a thor-\\nough gentleman and made him a most genial com-\\npanion. There was much of quiet humor in his\\ncomposition, and a uniformity of good nature, which,\\nwith his rare mental characteristics, made him very\\npopular as man and friend. His integrity was un-\\nquestioned, and he therefore possessed the almostuni-\\nversal respect of the people among whom he dwelt.\\nThose persons who entertained for him any other feel-\\nings than those of friendship, admiration and respect,\\nwere very few, and their coldness was, almost without\\nexception, of the kind that must arise occasionally\\nfrom political differences. Mr. Redfield s large land\\nbusiness withdrew his attention more and more, as\\ntime went by, from the law, and interfered materially\\nwith his professional success. He also entered the\\nfield of politics, which claimed and received much of\\nhis time and energy. In 1847, he was elected State\\nSenator from the Fourteenth District, and not long\\nafterward moved to Detroit. An able and useful\\nman was thus lost to Cass County. In 1856, he was\\nelected to the State Senate from Detroit. Prior to\\nthis time, he served several years as one of the Re-\\ngents of the State University. In 1857, he received\\nfrom the President a commission appointing him as an\\nagent among the Indians of the Upper Missouri. In\\nthis capacity, Mr. Redfield s services were responsible,\\narduous, and, to the Government, very valuable. Dur-\\ning the several years that he held the position, he\\nmade a number of expeditions through the region oc-\\ncupied by the tribes to whose charge he had been as-\\nsigned, which included the head-waters of the Yellow-\\nstone and the Missouri, and held councils with thou-\\nsands of the Indians, perfecting some beneficent meas-\\nures. In one journey he traveled 7,000 miles. On\\nthe expiration of his term of service as Indian Agent,\\nhe returned to Detroit and was soon afterward ap-\\npointed as Comptroller of the city, which office he\\nheld until failing health compelled him to resign it.\\nHe died November 24, 1869. It has been said that\\nin every public trust imposed upon him, he gave en-\\nlire satisfaction, and that of all the vast sums of pub-\\nlic money disbursed by him, every penny was faith-\\nfully accounted for. Mr. Redfield married, in 1842,\\nMiss Phebe C. Dean. Their children, four in num-\\nber, were all born in Cassapolis.\\nEiias B. Sherman was born in Oneida County, N.\\nY., in 1803, removed with his parents to Cayuga\\nCounty when four years of age, and there acquired his\\neducation. In 1825, he emigrated to Michigan, and\\nafter spending a season at Detroit went to Ann\\nArbor, where he was admitted to the bar in 1829. In\\nSeptember of that year, he first visited Cass County.\\nIn 1831, he took the leading part in the laying-out of\\nthe village of Cassopolis, and in securing the seat of\\njustice, the story of which is told in the appropriate\\nplace in this volume. Messrs. Sherman and Red-\\nfield appeared in the first court held in the county.\\nMr. Sherman was appointed by Gov. Cass, November\\n7, 1829, as the first Prosecuting Attorney of the\\ncounty, and held the position until 1836, when he\\nI was elected by the people. He was appointed Dis-\\ntrict Surveyor July 31, 1830, and held that office for\\nsix years. On March 4, 1831, he received appoint-\\nment to the office of Probate Judge, in which he\\nremained until 1840. Mr. Sherman never had an\\nextensive law practice. His time, during the earlier\\nyears of the history of the county, was devoted very\\nlargely to his official duties, and in later years he\\ndirected his attention entirely to farming. He has\\ndone much for the benefit of the village which he\\nfounded and for the county at large. Mr. Sherman\\nwas married to Sarah, daughter of Jacob Silver, on\\nJanuary 1, 1833, by Bishop Philander Chase, of the\\nEpiscopal Church, the ceremony being the first cele-\\nbrated in Cassopolis.\\nWhat we may call strictly the Cass County bar,\\nwas very small during the first ten or twelve years\\nafter settlement and the organization of the courts.\\nSeveral of the old attorneys of adjoining counties who\\nI practiced in the Cass court?, owing to the small num-\\nber of the resident lawyers, have been very nicely\\nsketched from memory by the Hon. George B.\\nTurner\\nFirst, there were the two Chipmans familiarly\\ncalled White Chip and Black Chip. Our im-\\npression is they were in no way related. The former,\\na resident of this county, was, we believe, a native of\\nNew England tall and straight as an arrow to a\\nstranger he st-emed rather pompous and distant in his\\n1 demeanor, yet he was as companionable and good-\\nI hearted as any attorney it was our lot to meet.\\nHe was regarded as a fair lawyer and an honest\\none. At one time he was a member of the State\\nSenate from our district, and was afterward elected\\nCounty Judge for Cass County. So far as we can\\nrecollect, he gave general satisfaction in both posi-\\ntions.\\nWhite Chip, Joseph N. Chipman above de-\\nscribed, had only a short residence in Cass County,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF (^ASS COUNTY, MICHK^AN.\\nand lived most of the time in Niles. He was born in\\nVermont in 1803, and descended from a family in\\nwhich were same of the most distinguished lawyers in\\nthat State. He settled in Niles in 1836, and died\\nthere in the year 1870.]\\nJohn S. Chipman Black Chip of Berrien\\nCounty, was, we think, a native of the State of New\\nYork. Like his namesake, he was tall and com-\\nmanding in person, but unlike him had raven black\\nhair and eyes to match, and a facial development gen-\\nerally, which rendered him always a terror to weak-\\nkneed and timid witnesses. Mr. Chipman was regarded\\nby many as one of the ablest lawyers in this judicial\\ndistrict, though we never believed him to be as deeply\\nlearned in the law as some others. He was a bold,\\nimpulsive and at all times an eloquent speaker pos-\\nsessing a rich, full voice over which he had perfect con-\\ntrol. More than once have we heard him use it with\\ndecided effect, either to build up or demolish the char-\\nacter of witnesses or suitor. His eloquence after all\\npartook more of the spread eagle character than\\nof that fascinating kind, which, while it electrifies,\\nimpresses one thoroughly with the speaker s deep and\\nscholarly attainments. He was never a favorite with\\nthe younger members of the bar, in consequence of\\nhis brusque manner of dealing with them. Toward\\nwitnesses, he was at times abusive but take him all\\nin all he was a good lawyer. Elected to Congress\\nfrom this district, he made a speech soon after reach-\\ning Washington, and, to use his own language\\nplanted himself on the ramparts of the Constitution\\nand doubtless would have remained there had not a\\nwicked and mischievous Southern gentleman reached\\nup and pulled all of the feathers out of his wings so\\nthat he came fluttering down to the level of his fellow-\\nmembers. His morals were bad in several respects\\nfinally he went to California and, report says, died there\\nan inebriate. With all his faults, John S. Chipman\\npossessed many qualities, which his intimate personal\\nfriends might havo-eolitrolled to his great advantage\\nto his final redemption from the principal evils\\nwhich beset him had they chosen to exert their power\\nover him in that direction.\\nCharles Dana, who practiced much in this county\\nduring early years, was a resident of Berrien, and died\\nat Niles many years ago. Mr. Turner has made the\\nsubjoined pen sketch of him He was a thin, dried\\nup little man, with a remarkable feminine voice, but\\nby all odds the best special pleader at the bar. Every-\\nbody liked Dana both for his goodness of heart and\\nhis unquestioned ability as a lawyer. In chancery\\npractice, where plethoric bills or answers were to be\\ndrawn up or their framework dissected, he was per-\\nfectly at home. As a speaker, he was dry and un-\\ninteresting to the masses, yet at the same time was a\\nclose, sharp, logical reasoner. He ranked among the\\nfirst lawyers of the State.\\n.Vincent L. Bradford was another practitioner well-\\nknown in Cass County. He settled in Niles in 1837,\\nand did not remain very long in the West, but re-\\nturned to Philadelphia from whence he had emigrated\\nto Michigan. The rough and ready manners of the\\nmajority of the law practitioners of the new county\\nand the social habits of the people were not tasteful to\\nhim. Mr. Turner considers him to have been one of\\nthe finest specimens of physical manhood he ever saw,\\nand describes him as always dressed with scrupulous\\nneatness, each particular hair, pleat and rufile being in\\nits proper place. Withal, he was refined, sociable,\\ngentlemanly, to an eminent degree. As a lawyer, he\\nwas thoroughly posted as a speaker, rapid and easy;\\nyet we cannot say he was always interesting on the\\ncontrary, somewhat tiresome his argument was\\nusually spread over too much ground.\\nCharles E. Stuart, says the writer we have\\nabove quoted, or Little Charley, as his ardent\\ncountry admirers used to call him, was a native of the\\nEmpire State, and in their estimation held the first\\nposition at the bar of Kalamazoo and its adjoining\\ncounties. As a jury lawyer, he was certainly very\\nsuccessful for nearly all of the elements which go to\\nmake an attorney invincible before such a body, he\\npossessed to a rare degree. Cool and self-possessed,\\nwith language smooth and insinuating, accompanied\\nwith an air of sincerity, and with a certain dignified\\nand polished manner, which well-trained rhetoricians\\nknow so well how to bring to bear upon their hearei S,\\nhis speeches always pleased and interested exer-\\ncising strong common sense, a pretty accurate knowl-\\nedge of the law, as well as human nature, we have the\\nkey to Mr. Stuart s success as a lawyer. He repre-\\nsented this district in Congress at one time, and\\nlater was United States Senator from Michigan.\\nSamuel Clark, also of Kalamazoo County, a mem-\\nber of Congress from New York State before he set-\\ntled in Michigan, was regarded by many as the peer\\nof Mr. Stuart at the bar, though differing from him\\nin more respects than one. He was tall, rather slen-\\nderly built, with black hair and eyes, always sustaining\\nhimself with a quiet, honest dignity of manner and\\nspeech, which won for him hosts of friends wherever\\nhe went. He was in truth a sound lawyer not really\\nbrilliant before a jury, but he possesseil the happy fac-\\nulty of convincing that body that he was honest in\\nthe advocacy of his client s cause, and had the law and\\nthe facts on his sidle to sustain him. We would not\\ndetract one iota from the solid or brilliant acquire-\\nments of any other member of the bar, when we say", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "^^^^cz^^^^/^^^i", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthat Samuel Clark was our beau ideal of the gentle-\\nman and lawyer combined.\\nAt a later day many other attorneys, not residents\\nof the county, have practiced in its courts, among the\\nearlier of whom were James Brown and Nathaniel\\nBacon, of Niles, and Henry H. Riley, of St. Joseph\\nCounty. In later years, the principal practitioner at\\nthe Cass bar, not residing in the county, was Frank-\\nlin Muzzy, of Niles, who was admitted to the bar in\\nBerrien County in 1842.\\nThe name of James Sullivan recalls to the minds\\nof those who knew him, a character in which was\\ncombined rare qualities of the mind and heart. In\\nevery sense of the word, except the chronological, he\\nwas unquestionably the first lawyer of the Cass\\nCounty bar. James Sullivan, practitioner at this bar\\nfrom 1838 to 1878, was born in Exeter, N. H\\nDecember 6, 1811. His ancestry was illustrious.\\nDarcey McGee, in his history of the Irish settlers of\\nNorth America, says In the year 1723, the Irish\\nsettlement of Belfast was established in Maine by a\\nfew families. Among them was a Limerick school-\\nmaster by the name of Sullivan. His sons, John\\nand James reached the height of civil and military\\nauthority. James was a Representative in Congress\\nand Governor of Massachusetts John (the grand-\\nfather of our subject), was the noted Gen. Sullivan,\\nof the Revolution, was a Representative in Congress\\nfrom New Hampshire, and Governor of the State from\\n1786 to 1789. His son, George, was for many years\\none of the most eminent members of the New Hamp-\\nshire bar. Attorney General and successively member\\nof the State Senate and of Congress. James Sulli-\\nvan had the fineness and the force of his fathers. It\\nwas not strange that with such an ancestry he should\\nhimself achieve eminence. He graduated from Dart-\\nmouth College at the age of eighteen, ranking high\\nin his class, and after practicing for a short time at\\nConcord, N. H., he came in 1837 to Niles. He re-\\nmoved soon after to Edwardsburg, Cass County, and\\nfrom there in less than a year to Cassopolis, where he\\nachieved great success.\\nIn 18.53, he took up his residence in Dowagiac,\\nwhere he resided until his death. His ability as a\\nlawyer was of the highest order. He was a man of\\nfine scholarship, of culture, and possessed a remark-\\nably clear and logical mind. He comprehended fully\\nwhatever subject he was considering, and seemed to\\nrecognize from the first the point upon which a case\\nmust ultimately turn. One of his brother members\\nof the law says His statements were clear and his\\nlanguage accurate, and we can all say his logic was\\nhonest. He would not usurp or misrepresent the law,\\nand he scorned the use of any trick or chicanery to\\nachieve a temporary triumph, and despised any one\\nwho would stoop to it. Another says That mag-\\nnetic fire of eloquence which sways the minds and\\nhearts and passions of men, despite their reason and in\\ndefiance of logic, Mr. Sullivan did not possess or,\\ncertainly if he did, disdained to employ it. His elo-\\nquence was of the higher and purer type, and was\\naddressed to the intellect alone. His was a close-knit,\\nlogical, skillful and vigorous statement, displayed in\\napt and nervous language.\\nIn moral character, Mr. Sullivan was all that the\\nallusions to his professional honor would imply. He\\nwas unsuspecting, frank, his nature as guileless as that\\nof a child. Some slight errors of conduct indeed ap-\\npeared, but they could always be imputed to the nerv-\\nous impulses of his nature, rather than to any wrong\\nintention. No man was ever more ready than he,\\nwhen convinced of error, to make ample acknowl-\\nedgement and reparation. He was eccentric and\\nerratic, nervous and intense, and yet no man of gen-\\ntler nature or kinder heart has been known to the old\\nresidents of Cass County. His nervousness was phe-\\nnomenal, a source of much annoyance to himself,\\nwonder to strangers and often of amusement to his\\nfriends. He seemed to have an instinctive dislike\\nand distrust of all animals, and his morbid fear of\\nriding behind a horse was often illustrated. The\\nleast irregularity in the gait of the animal, any slight\\nand unusual motion of the head or ears, would\\nthrow him into a state of painful uneasiness, and\\nsometimes a shying movement of the horse would\\ncause him to leap from the carriage. An unfortunate\\ndeafness caused him also considerable trouble, and\\nwas a disadvantage which undoubtedly had a marked\\neffect upon his life. It is probable that had it not\\nbeen for this physical disability, the highest judicial\\nhonors in the State would have been his. His in-\\nfirmities did not disqualify him for the ordinary duties\\nof his profession, but they contributed in no small\\ndegree to prevent his acceptance of positions which\\nhe could have well filled.\\nMr. Sullivan was for a long time Prosecuting At-\\ntorney of this county was a State Senator and\\na member of the Constitutional Convention of 1850.\\nWhile that body was in session he made a speech\\nupon the Grand Jury system, which at the time was\\nregarded as a master-piece of eloquence and logic, and\\ngave evidence of the most profound study. He died\\nin August, 1878.\\nJohn T. Adams came to the county about 1835,\\nand settled at Edwardsburg. He had a small practice\\nduring his brief residence in the county. In 1836,\\nhe was elected Probate Judge, but did not qualify for\\nthe oflSce. We have no biographical facts concerning", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nMr. Adams, and about the only thing which old resi-\\ndents remember concerning him is that he was a\\nremarkably fine looking man.\\nFrederick Lord was a resident of the county for a\\nshort time prior to 1839. in which year he removed\\nto Van Buren County, and settled at Paw Paw.\\nIn the year 1839, a young man named Masters,\\nfrom Albany, N. Y., became a practitioner at the\\nCass bar, but he soon disappeared, moving probably\\nto the farther West.\\nEzekiel S. Smith came to the county in 1840, with\\na commission from Gov. Woodbridge as Prosecuting\\nAttorney. After his term was served out, he prac-\\nticed law more or less, until about 1852, when he\\nremoved to Chicago, where he died in 1880. While\\nhere he followed successively the occupations of\\neditor and merchant, as well as that of the lawyer,\\nand found time to take a hand in politics. As a\\nlawyer, he is described as having been energetic, almost\\nwithout parallel, in getting evidence, but not so good\\nin the management of his cases in court. He was\\nbold and aggressive, but lacked ability as a logician.\\nMr. Smith was fertile in resources would take hold\\nof almost any project, and was always well provided\\nwith great plans for the future. He is said to have\\nbeen a man of very fine appearance.\\nJudge Henry H. Coolidge, now of Niles, resided in\\nCass County for a term of about fifteen years, and\\nhas practiced at the Cass bar and presided over its\\ncourt since his removal. He was born at Leominster,\\nMass., in August, 1811, and educated at Amherst\\nCollege. He came to Michigan and settled at Ed-\\nwardsburg in 1836. He was admitted to the bar in\\n1844, elected Prosecuting Attorney in 1850, and\\nremoved to Niles in 1859. He was elected Prosecut-\\ning Attorney for Berrien County in 1862, and a\\ndelegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1867.\\nIn 1872, he was appointed as Circuit Court Judge to\\nfill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Judge\\nDaniel Blackman. and in 1876 was elected to the\\nsame office, which he resigned about two years later.\\nHis son, Orville W., who was admitted to the bar in\\nCass County in 1865, now resides at Niles.\\nGeorge Brunt Turner, of Cassopolis, was one of\\nthe earliest resident practitioners at this bar. He\\nwas born in Franklin County, N. Y., March 1, 1822.\\nand was the youngest son of Ralph and Mary\\n(Thompson) Brunt, natives of the North of Ireland,\\nwho had emigrated to America a short time before his\\nbirth. When the subject of our sketch was three\\nyears old, both of his parents died of malarial fever,\\nand he was adopted by Sterling A. Turner, a Virginian,\\ntaking the name of his benefactor. He was educated\\nin the public schools of New York until thirteen\\nyears of age. In 1835, Sterling A. Turner emigrated\\nto Michigan, and as he passed through Detroit he\\nfound a place for his adopted son in an auction and\\ncommission house. Mr. Turner settled in Niles, to\\nwhich place George B. followed him, and, in July,\\n1836, they removed to Cassopolis. In this place,\\nwhich, as it proved, was to be his permanent home,\\nthe lad was occupied for the first four years, or until\\n1840, in attending school, teaching and clerking.\\nDuring the next four years, he studied law in the\\noffice of Alexander H. Redfield, Esq., and was admit-\\nted to the bar September 27, 1844, before Judge\\nEpaphroditus Ransom, the Examining Committee\\nbeing Ezekiel S. Smith, James Sullivan and Alexan-\\nder H. Redfield. In the meantime, he had by the\\naid of his preceptor and other gentlemen, who had\\ntaken an interest in him, acquired a knowledge of the\\nhigher mathematics and the languages, and pursued a\\nsystematic course of reading in history, acting under\\nthe advice of Nathaniel (afterward Judge) Bacon.\\nHe had also practiced in the justice courts, and thus\\nobtained not only a valuable experience, but some\\nremuneration. An event which occurred upon the\\nday he was admitted to the bar serves to illustrate one\\nphase of Mr. Turner s character, and in a certain\\ndegree the state of society at that time. He had not\\nlong before stabbed with a pocket knife and danger-\\nously wounded a notorious bully who had made an\\nunprovoked assault upon him to revenge a spite, Mr.\\nTurner having made efibrts to force the payment of a\\ndebt owed by the bully, which had been given to him\\nfor collection. The Sheriff who arrested him became\\nhis bondsman, and every member of the bar present\\nat the term of court volunteered his services free of\\ncharge in his defense. There were several counts\\nin the indictment, the first being assault with intent to\\nkill and murder, and another, simple assault. Mr.\\nTurner was acquitted of the more serious charge and\\nfound guilty upon the smaller offense. Public opin-\\nion was in favor of his entire acquittal, and the jury\\nwould doubtless have so decided had there not been a\\ncouple of Quakers in the body whose strong non-com-\\nbative principles urged them to bestow a slight repri-\\nmand. The same Judge before whom Mr. Turner\\nwas admitted to the bar heard the trial for murder and\\nimposed the lightest fine allowed by law for assault.\\nThe incident was used against him by Mr. Turner s\\npolitical opponents, when he was a candidate for\\nthe Legislature in 1848, but as a campaign gun it\\nproved ineffectual. He was elected and served so\\nsatisfactorily that he was returned in 1849. In 1850,\\nhe was compelled to abandon his profession by reason\\nof ill health, and removed to a farm in Jefferson Town-\\nship. In 1856, he was nominated upon the Demo-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n91\\ncratic ticket for State Senator, but the Republican\\nparty organized that year swept the State, and Mr.\\nTurner, like others of his party, was defeated. Mr.\\nTurner has been active in the affairs of his party, and\\na man always trusted and very frequently honored by\\nit. Twice he has been a camlidate for the office of\\nProbate Judge, and once for that of Prosecuting j\\nAttorney. He was nominated for Secretary of State\\nin 1866; was Presidential Elector on the Seymour\\nticket in 1868, and, in May, 1876, was a delegate to\\nthe National Democratic Convention at St. Louis,\\nwhich nominated Samuel J. Tilden for the Presidency.\\nHad he been a Republican he might have been\\nadvanced to distinguished positions, but he has pre-\\nferred to be loyal to his political convictions at the\\nprice of losing honored public place, and has enjoyed\\nprivate life in a degree which, perhaps, only one man\\nin a hundred is qualified for. Mr. Turner was for\\nseveral years editor of the first paper published in\\nCass County the Cass County Advocate, now the\\nNational Democrat, and has been a valued contributor\\nto the local press, the Jackson Patriot and other pub-\\nlications at periods during the past thirty years. He\\nhas been noted for his strict integrity, untiring indus-\\ntry, energy and earnestness. Politically, he has ever\\nbeen a Democrat of the Jeffersonian school, has vigor-\\nously asserted and supported what he has conscien-\\ntiously believed correct political principles, and, in\\nso doing, has made some bitter enemies, as well as\\nmany friends. In 1874, he returned to Cassopolis,\\nwhere he has since resided and carried on an exten-\\nsive business in real estate, insurance, etc. Mr. Tur-\\nner was married, in 1845, to Harriet, daughter of Allen\\nMunroe, who died in 1858. In 1863, he married the\\nwidow of John Tytherleigh, an English lady, who came\\nto this country in 1850. Mr. Turner had by his first\\nwife six children, two of whom died in infancy. Two\\ndaughters Mary (Bosworth) and Lotta (Banks) have\\ndied in recent years, and two sons are now living j\\nRalph B., located at Jackson, Mich., and Sterling B.,\\nat Bremen, Ind.\\nClifford Shanahan, although a member of the bar,\\nwas more generally known to the people through his\\nlong occupation of the office of Probate Judge. He\\nwas born in Sussex County, Delaware, February 4,\\n1801. His mother died when he was eleven years old,\\nand he was brought up by an uncle. After he was\\ntwenty-one years of age, he worked on a farm summers\\nand taught school winters, for three or four years. He\\nalso carried on for a time a cabinet shop and preached\\nquite frequently for the Methodist denomination, of\\nwhich he was a member. April 8, 1828, he married\\nMiss Mary Lowrey. In the spring of 1834, he moved\\nto Michigan, and settled at Edwardsburg, Cass County.\\nThere he worked at his trade of cabinet-making, served\\nas a Justice of the Peace and preached occasionally.\\nHe was elected Probate Judge, in 1840, upon the\\nWhig ticket, and served in that capacity until 1864,\\nthe extraordinary period of twenty-four years. In\\n1845, he removed from Edwardsburg to Cassopolis\\nand soon after that was admitted to practice. He died\\nAugust 1, 1865. He was the father of eight children,\\nthe oldest of whom, Sarah E., now deceased, was the\\nwife of Judge Andrew J. Smith. Another daughter,\\nHarriet (Pollock), now resides in Cassopolis.\\nNoel Byron Hollister came to the county in 1850\\nand was the first resident lawyer of Dowagiac. He\\nwas originally from Victor, Ontario County, N. Y.,\\nbut removed to Dowagiac from Clinton County, Mich.\\nMr. Hollister, besides practicing law, engaged in busi-\\nness as a druggist. His father, Joseph Hollister, who\\nwas also a lawyer, became a resident of Dowagiac, but\\ndid not long remain there. Noel B. Hollister, after a\\nfew years removed to Perryville, Ind.\\nSamuel N. Gannt, of Baltimore, Md., came to Do-\\nwagiac early in the fifties and obtained a small prac-\\ntice.\\nDaniel Blackman, one of the ablest lawyers and\\nmost marked characters of the county bar, resided at\\nCassopolis for a period of twenty-one years. He was\\nborn in Newtown, Conn., December 31, 1821 was ad-\\nmitted to the bar in December, 1845, and practiced\\nfive years in Danbury, Conn. In July, 1851, he\\nsettled in Cassopolis. He was elected Circuit Judge\\non the peoples ticket, in November, 1869 resigned\\nNovember 1, 1872, and removed to Chicago, where he\\nis now practicing law as a member of the firm of Fair-\\nchild Blackman. In politics, Mr. Blackman is, and\\nhas been, a Democrat. He is a man of large ability\\nand many peculiarities. While he lived in Cassopo-\\nlis, he was identified with a number of public meas-\\nures. In company with Joseph Harper, he located the\\nsite of the new schoolhouse he induced the building\\nupon the public square, and did much to bring the\\nPeninsular Railroad through the village.\\nJudge Andrew J. Smith, son of White B. and Arriette\\n(Brown) Smith, was born near Chillicothe, Ross County,\\nOhio, whither his parents had emigrated from Delaware,\\non the 2d of September, 1818. His mother died when he\\nwas nine months old, and his father, who was a house-\\njoiner and farmer, removed the family a few years\\nlater in the fall of 1826 to Rush County, Ind.\\nFrom there they went to Porter County, in the same\\nState, in 1835, and settled where the town of Valpa-\\nraiso has since been built. The subject of our sketch\\nenjoyed very limited educational advantages. He at-\\ntended the district school a few winter terras, but the\\ngreater portion of his time he was at work upon his", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "92\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nfather s farm, until he was twenty years old. In the\\nspring before he arrived at his majority, he was elected\\nConstable of Valparaiso. Soon after this time, he\\nresolved to abandon farming. He conceived a great\\nliking for study, and determined to improve himself\\nmentally. He began teaching the district school in\\nwinter arid studying in summer. In the summer and\\nfall Df 1840, he became much interested in politics,\\nattended the immense Whig Convention at Tippecanoe,\\nand rendered some services during the campaign in\\nthe neighborhood of his home. In December, 1840,\\nhe removed to Edwardsburg, Cass County, where he\\nattended school alternately as teacher and pupil, most\\nof the time for seven years. During this period, he\\nalso read law. Mr. Smith moved to Cassopolis in\\nJune, 1847, and taught school there in the fall and\\nwinter succeeding, after which he clerked in Uncle\\nJake Silver s store. Subsequently, he entered the\\nemploy of Asa and Charles Kingsbury, and was sent\\nby them, in 1851, to carry on a branch store in Van-\\ndalia. In the mean time, he had industriously pur-\\nsued the study of law. He was admitted to practice\\nin 1853, and elected Prosecuting Attorney in 1854.\\nIn the spring of 1856, he gave up the mercantile\\nbusiness, returned to Cassopolis and devoted himself\\nwholly to the practice of law, and the discharge of his\\nofficial duties. He was elected County Prosecutor five\\ntimes in succession, and served from 1854 to 1864.\\nAfter an interval of two years, he was again elected,\\nand thus served altogether in this capacity twelve\\nyears. In 1874, Mr. Smith was elected Attorney\\nGeneral of the State, and served in that capacity for\\ntwo years. In his official capacity as Prosecuting At-\\ntorney, he rigidly enforced the anti-liquor laws, and\\nbrought about a very salutary condition of things in Cass\\nCounty. The number of saloons in the county was\\ndecreased to the minimum, and there were none at all\\nin Cassopolis from 1857 until the license law came\\ninto force. While he was Attorney General, the con-\\nstitutionality of the liquor tax law was tested, and,\\nnotwithstanding the fact that he was personally op-\\nposed to such a law, and believed in prohibitory legis-\\nlation, he decided it admissible under the constitu-\\ntion. His briefs in favor of the law attracted atten-\\ntion not only in Michigan, but in all the States in\\nwhich similar questions were before the people. He\\ngained a reputation second to that of none who have\\nheld the position. In the fall of 1878, Mr. Smith\\nwas elected Circuit Judge in the Second Judicial Dis-\\ntrict, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of\\nJudge Coolidge, and in the spring of 1881, he was\\nre-elected without opposition. On that occasion he\\npublished the following card, which may very appro-\\npriately be inserted here\\nCassopolis, April 11, 1881.\\nI take this opportunity to return my thanks to the people of\\nthis Judicial Circuit for the unanimous support they have given\\nme for the office of Circuit J udge. It is certainly very gratifying to\\nme to be re-elected without opposition from any parly, and I\\nespecially tender my thanks to the people of Cass County for the\\nhearty support they have always given me whenever I have been\\na candidate for their suffrage and the unanimous indorsement\\nthe people of this circuit have given me at this time is the more\\ngratifying to me, as this is the last time I shall be a candidate for\\nany office. If I shall live to the close of this term, I shall have\\nserved the people nine years as Circuit Judge, two years as Attor-\\nney General of the State, and twelve years as Prosecuting Attor-\\nney of Cass County. This is certainly all that I could ask or de-\\nsire, and if I live to see that time, I shall retire from public life.\\nAgain thanking the people of this circuit for the confidence re-\\nposed in me, I assure them that I shall endeavor to discharge the\\nduties of the office impartially and to the best of my ability.\\n.A. J. Smith.\\nJudge Smith has held many positions of trust in\\nCassopolis; been active in promoting the welfare of\\nthe village, and a liberal supporter of all good institu-\\ntions. He has been a member of the Council for a\\nnumber of years, and has served twelve years on the\\nSchool Board. He joined the Presbyterian Church, of\\nwhich he has been a very influential member, in 1845, and\\nhasbeen a member of the Masonic fraternity since 1853.\\nJudge Smith s strict integrity, untiring industry and\\nstrong determination, have been the forces which have\\nmade his career one of success. He has always com-\\nmanded the respect of the people with whom he has\\ncome in contact, as being a conscientious man and one\\nof remarkable fidelity to fixed principles. In politics,\\nhe has been a Whig, a Free-Soiler and a Republican.\\nHe was married in 1844, to Sarah E. Shanahan,\\ndaughter of Cliiford Shanahan, who was Probate\\nJudge of Cass County for twenty-four years, and of\\nwhom a sketch appears in this chapter. Mrs. Smith\\ndied January 1, 1873, leaving a son and daughter of\\nmature age.\\nJames M. Spencer was born on board of a British\\nmerchantman, in British waters, on the 14th of Sep-\\ntember, 1833. His father was in command of the\\nship, and his mother accompanied her husband on\\nthe voyage. Not long after his birth, his parents re-\\nmoved to this country and located in New Orleans.\\nAfter carrying on a mercantile business there for a\\nyear or two, the father and family removed to Cincin-\\nnati, and in 1836 or 1837, to Monroe, Mich. He in-\\nvested his money in wild lands lying west of that\\nplace, and soon after died. The mother s death fol-\\nlowed a few years later, and the family of three boys\\nand two girls were left to care for themselves. The\\nsubject of this sketch worked his way upward in the\\nworld without any assistance (some defect in the title\\nto the estate purchased by his father causing it to be\\nlost to the children). He went in turn to Ypsilanti,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nAnn Arbor, Jackson, Kalamazoo and Dowagiac. In\\nSeptember, 1853, he was admitted to the bar at Cass-\\nopolis by the Hon. Nathaniel Bacon, then Circuit\\nJudge. From that time until August, 1865, he re-\\nsided and practiced in the county. He writes that\\nhe made many friends, and doubtless some enemies.\\nMy fourteen years sojourn in Cass County, as a\\nwhole, were pleasant and profitable to me. Mr.\\nSpencer was elected a Justice of the Peace in Po-\\nkagon Township, and discharged the duties of the\\noffice for four years; he was Circuit Court Com-\\nmissioner for two years, and subsequently Assessor\\nof Internal Revenue for the General Government\\nfor the district including Cass County. In 1862, he\\nwas appointed to a position in the War Department,\\nwhich he occupied for about eight months. In 1865,\\nMr. Spencer removed to Topeka, Kan., where he has\\nsince been engaged in the practice of his profession.\\nCharles W. Clisbee, son of Lewis and Hannah\\n(Farr) Clisbee, was born in Cleveland, Ohio, July 24,\\n1833. He moved to Cassopolis with his father s\\nfamily in 1838. In 1846, he went to Oberlin, Ohio, and\\nspent five years in preparing for college, maintaining\\nhimself in various ways during the whole period. He\\nentered Oberlin College in 1851, but left very soon\\nafterward to recruit his finances, and after teaching\\none year at Rochester, Oakland Co., Mich., entered,\\nin 1852, Williams College, Massachusetts, where he\\nspent three years. He passed his senior year at Ham-\\nilton College, New York, in order to enjoy the advan-\\ntages of its law school, and graduated in 1856. He\\nthen went to Cleveland, Ohio, and entered the law\\noffice of the Hon. John Crowell. In 1858, he was\\nadmitted to the bar and served the four years follow-\\ning as Circuit Court Commissioner. He was elected,\\nin 1862, as Prosecuting Attorney of Cass County. In\\n1864, he was a delegate at large from Michigan to the\\nNational Republican Convention, held at Baltimore,\\nwhich nominated Abraham Lincoln for the second\\nterm. He was elected State Senator from Cass\\nCounty in 1866. In 1868, he was a Presidential\\nElector from Michigan, and in the following year was\\nappointed Reading Clerk of the House of Represen-\\ntatives of the Fortieth Congress, which oflBce he held\\nuntil 1875. He then returned to Cassopolis and fol-\\nlowed his profession. He was Reading Secretary of\\nthe Republican National Convention, which assem-\\nbled in hicago in 1880, and in December, 1881, was\\nappointed to his old position as Reading Clerk of the\\nHouse, a place which he is eminently fitted to fill.\\nJoseph B. Clarke was born in Connecticut, edu-\\ncated at Pompey Academy, Onondaga County, N. Y.,\\nand at the Rennselaer Scientific School (now called\\ninstitute), at Troy, N. Y., of which he is a graduate.\\nHe studied his profession principally at Rochester,\\nN. Y., and has been admitted to the Supreme Court\\nof the United States, to the Federal, Circuit and Dis-\\ntrict Courts of several States and to the State Courts\\nof New York, Michigan and several other States as\\nhis business has required. Before his admission to the\\nbar, he was editor of daily newspapers at Rochester\\nand Buffalo, N. Y., Inspector of United States Cus-\\ntoms for the Genesee District, including the port of\\nRochester, in that State, and acted as Professor of\\nChemistry, botany and other branches of natural\\nscience in the Vermont Medical College, at Wood-\\nstock, Vt., and in several institutions in the State of\\nNew York. He commenced practice in this State at\\nColdwater, Branch County, in 1855, removed thence\\nto Dowagiac, in 1859, and has practiced there ever\\nsince, with the exception of three years during the\\nwar when he held positions in the War and Interior\\nDepartments at Washington, resigning in February,\\n1866. He has held the oflSce of Circuit Court Com-\\nmissioner in this and Branch County, eight years\\nis now and for fifteen years has been United States\\nCommissioner for the Western District of Michigan?\\nand is now the Prosecuting Attorney for this county.\\nWhilst at Washington, during the war, and when it\\nwas surprised by the appearance upon its northern\\nborder of Early s army of eighteen thousand in the\\nsummer of 1864, he, with others in the civil service,\\nvolunteered and was mustered into the military serv-\\nice of the United States, in a force extemporized for\\nthe defense of the national capital.\\nGeorge Miller came to this county from Preble\\nCounty, Ohio, in 1859. He had practiced law in\\nOhio two years prior to that time. He was admitted\\nto the bar of the several courts in this State at the\\nMarch terra of the Circuit Court in 1860, and at once\\nopened an office at Dowagiac, obtaining a fair share\\nof business. In 1861, he was elected Justice of the\\nPeace for a term of four years. He resigned the\\noffice, however, in February, 1862, for the reason\\nthat upon the 22d of the preceding month he had\\nbeen commissioned as Captain of Company L of the\\nNinth Regiment of Michigan Cavalry, which was\\nthen in camp at Coldwater. He remained in the\\narmy until March, 1865, when he returned home\\nand commenced the practice of his profession a\\nDowagiac. In the fall of 1866, he was elected Circui\\nCourt Commissioner, and in 1868 Prosecuting At-\\ntorney. In May, 1871, he removed to Berrien County\\nthree years later to La Salle, 111. in 1875, re\\nturned to Cass County, and in 1881 removed to\\nDakota.\\nLowell H. Glover was born in Orleans County, N.\\nY., February, 25, 1839, and removed with his parents", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthe same year to White Pigeon Prairie, St. Joseph\\nCounty, Mich. In the fall of 1840, the family\\nremoved to Edwardsburg, Cass County. The father\\nof the family died in 1852. The subject of our\\nsketch attended school for two years, and then took\\ncharge of a grocery belonging to his step-father, and\\npursued his law studies while carrying on the store.\\nIn the meantime, he had lost his right hand by the\\nbursting of a shot-gun. In April. 1861. Mr. Glover\\nremoved to Cassopolis and became a student in the\\noffice of Daniel Blackman. He was admitted to the\\nbar at the October term of the Circuit Court in 1862,\\nJudge Nathaniel Bacon presiding, and Henry H.\\nCoolidge. A. J. Smith and the late James Sullivan\\nconstituting the examining committee. In April. 1862,\\nhe was elected Justice of the Peace, and has held the\\noffice ever since with the exception of one year. He\\nwas married in October. 1865. to Maryette, youngest\\ndaughter of Joseph Harper.\\nJacob J. Van Riper, the present Attorney General\\nof the State of Michigan, was a practitioner in Cass\\nCounty for nearly nine years. He was born at Hav-\\nerstraw, Rockland Co., N. Y., March 8, 1838, and\\nwas the son of John and Leah Van Riper, who after-\\nward were settlers at La Grange Village. Cass County.\\nThe young man w:as reared in New York City, and\\nthere received a good academic education in the Con-\\nference Seminary and Collegiate Institute. He came\\nto La Grange in March, 1857, about six months after\\nhis parents located there. After teaching school for\\ntwo years in the village, he attended law lectures at\\nMichigan University in 1860 and 1861. He was ad-\\nmitted to the Cass County bar in January. 1863,\\nsubsequently to the bar of the Supreme Court of the\\nState and, in May, 1881, to the bar of the Supreme\\nCourt of the United States. He commenced practice\\nin 1863. taking up his residence at Dowagiac. His\\npractice was carried on, with only slight intermission,\\nuntil 1872, when he removed to Buchanan, Berrien\\nCo., where he has since lived. During the war, he\\nwas Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue for Cass\\nCounty. He was elected a member of the Constitu-\\ntional Convention of 1867. and was a member of the\\nJudiciary Committee and Committee on Bill of Rights.\\nHe was elected, in 1876, Prosecuting Attorney for\\nBerrien County, reelected in 1878, appointed to the\\nBoard of Regents of the State University in January,\\n1880, and, in the same year, was elected to the office\\nof Attorney General. Mr. Van Riper was married,\\nin 1858, to Miss Emma E. Brouner, of Y ork Mills,\\nN. Y.\\nFreeman J. Atwell was born in Orleans County, N.\\nY., December 24, 1831, where he was reared and ed\\nucated. taught school and read law. He went into\\nthe Union army May 21, 1861, and remained until\\n1863, serving in the Twenty-seventh Regiment New\\nYork Infantry, which had, perhaps, more heavy losses\\nthan any other from the State, coming out of the war\\nwith only 400 men of a total enlisted of 2,200. Mr.\\nAtwell was on detail duty most of the time. On his\\nreturn home, he was admitted to the bar, in 1863, at\\nthe Supreme Court, which sat in Buffalo. In 1864,\\nhe went to Memphis to join the forces of Gen. Slo-\\ncomb; but that officer having gone to Atlanta, Mr.\\nAtwell remained in Memphis and began the practice\\nof law. He remained there until 1868, when, becom-\\ning partially blind, he gave up his business and spent\\nnearly a year in wandering, his infirmity disabling\\nhim for close attentiou to professional duties. In 1869,\\nhe came to Dowagiac, with no definite intention of re-\\nmaining there; but his sight improving and business\\ncoming to him, he did so, and has since practiced un-\\ninterruptedly and with fine success. He is rejcognized\\nas the leading lawyer of Dowagiac and the equal of\\nany in the county. He married, in October, 1871,\\nMiss Ellen T. Clark.\\nJohn A. Talbot, son of Edward and Aseneth\\n(Green) Talbot, of Penn Township, was born Febru-\\nary 27. 1847. When only seventeen years of age. he\\nenlisted in the First Regiment of Michigan Sharp-\\nshooters, and went into active service. He was\\nobliged, at one time, to return home on account of\\nsickness, but when his health was sufficiently re-\\ncovered, again went into the army, and remained\\nuntil the war was nearly over. He graduated when\\nin his twenty-first year from the Law Department of\\nthe State University of Michigan, and began practice\\nin Cassopolis, continuing about ten years, or until\\nthe sickness which ended in his death, December 24,\\n1878, incapacitated him for labor. Mr. Talbot\\nwas a good lawyer, a man of fine qualities, almost\\nuniversally liked, and, had he been longer spared,\\nwould undoubtedly have made for himself more\\nthan a local reputation in the law. or some other\\nintellectual field. During the last three years of\\nhis life, he compiled Talbot s Tables of Cases, a\\nlaw book which has received high praise from mem-\\nbers of the profession.\\nThe law firm of Messrs. Howell i Carr, of Cass-\\nopolis, was formed May 10, 1870. At the start the\\nfirm possessed a library of ten volumes, and they now\\ntake a laudable pride in pointing to the complete re-\\nports of nine States, and about two hundred and fifty\\nvolumes of law text-books, costing not far from\\n\u00c2\u00a74.000. This firm, which has enjoyed a lucrative\\nand constantly increasing practice, is composed of\\nMarshall L. Howell and John R. Carr.\\n-Marshall L. Howell, son of David M. and Martha", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nA. Howell, was born in Cassopolis January 25, 1847.\\nHe received the degree of Bachelor of Science from\\nKalamazoo College June 17, 1867, and the degree of\\nBachelor of Laws from the University of Michigan in\\nMarch, 1870. His preceptor, with whom he read\\nlaw one year, was the Hon. Daniel Blackman. He\\nwas elected Prosecuting Attorney of Cass County in\\n1874, and defeated in 1876, when he was also candi-\\ndate for Presidential Elector on the Democratic ticket.\\nHe ran again for Prosecuting Attorney in 1880, but\\nmade no canvass, and was defeated by Joseph B.\\nClarke. Mr. Howell was married to Miss Emma\\nBanks October 11, 1870.\\nJohn R. Carr was born May 18, 1841, at North\\nSt. Eleanors, Prince Co., Prince Edward Island,\\nB. N. A. His father and mother, Hugh and Sophia\\n(Ramsey) Carr, both of whom were born upon the\\nIsland, are still living, and reside at the old home-\\nstead. They are- of Scotch and English descent.\\nJohn R. Carr came to Michigan at the close of the\\nwar taught school, studied law, entered the Law\\nDepartment of the University of Michigan in 1868, and\\ngraduated therefrom in March, 1870, receiving the de-\\ngree of Bachelor of Law. He was immediately after-\\nward formally admitted to the bar at Paw Paw, Mich.,\\nand was also admitted to the United States Courts at\\nGrand Rapids in May, 1873. Mr. Carr was called upon\\nin the summer of 1881 to defend a man charged with\\nmurder in Dakota, and appearing as his attorney in the\\ncourt at Fargo, cleared him. Upon October 10, 1868,\\nMr. Carr married Olive, only daughter of John and\\nAnn Lyie, of Dowagiac.\\nHarsen D. Smith was born near Albion, N. Y.,\\nMarch 17, 1842. He received an academic educa-\\ntion, and at the age of seventeen commenced teaching\\nschool. In 1863, he was Principal of the Union\\nSchool at Eldora, Iowa, and the following year be-\\ncame Assistant Professor of Mathematics in the Iowa\\nLutheran College at Albion, Iowa. In 1865, he re-\\nturned to New York and commenced the study of the\\nlaw in the office of Hon. George F. Danforth, of\\nRochester, now one of the Judges of the Court of\\nAppeals of that State. In 1867, he came to this State\\nand was admitted to the bar the same year at Cold-\\nwater, Branch County, by Hon. Nathanial Bacon,\\nCircuit Judge. He commenced practicing at Jack-\\nson, Mich., the following year, and remained there\\nuntil August, 1870, when he removed to Cassopolis\\nand formed a copartnership with Hon. Charles W.\\nClisbee for the practice of law. He remained in\\npartnersiiip with Mr. Clisbee until August, 1872, at\\nwhich time he opened an office by himself. October 16,\\n1873, he was married to Miss Sate Read, daughter of\\nS. T. Read, Es(j., of Cassopolis. January 1, 1875,\\nhe formed a law partnership with Hon. A. J. Smith,\\nunder the firm name of A. J. k, H. D. Smith, which\\ncontinued until the senior member was elected Circuit\\nJudge in the fall of 1878, since which time Mr. Smith\\nhas been practicing at Cassopolis without a partner\\nin business. In 1876, Mr. Smith was elected Prose-\\ncuting Attorney of Cass County, upon the Republi-\\ncan ticket, and was nominated and re-elected in 1878,\\nand in 1880 declined to be a candidate for re-nomina-\\ntion. In politics, Mr. Smith has always been a Re-\\npublican.\\nWilliam G. Howard was a native of Cass County,\\nbeing born in Milton Township, on the 18th of May,\\n1846. He was raised on a farm and lost his left hand,\\nit being cut off by a mowing machine, when he was\\nabout ten years of age. After attending district\\nschool and a higher school at Kalamazoo, he entered\\nin the year 1863 Olivet College, where he remained\\nuntil 1865. He then returned to Kalamazoo College,\\nfrom which he graduated in June, 1867, at the age of\\ntwenty-one. Commencing to read law in the fall of\\n1867 with Messrs. Balch, Smiley Balch, of Kala-\\nmazoo, he remained in their office continuously until\\nthe fall of 1869, with the exception of a term spent\\nat Ann Arbor Law School. He was admitted to the\\nbar at Kalamazoo in 1869, and on the 1st of Febru-\\nary, 1870, began the practice of law in Dowagiac, in\\npartnership with James Sullivan. At the election\\nthat fall he was elected Prosecuting Attorney, run-\\nning on the Democratic ticket. He remained in the\\npractice of law at Dowagiac until 1873, when he re-\\nmoved to Kalamazoo, and formed a partnership with\\nH^n. N. A. Balch, which existed until 1878. He\\nI then formed a partnership with Arthur Brown and\\nI Ebert S. Roos, under the firm name of Brown, How-\\ni ard Roos.\\nGeorge Ketcham was born in Mason Township,\\nCass County, January 9, 1850, a son of Samuel\\nand Abigail (Pullman) Ketcham. When eighteen\\nyears of age, he went to Hillsdale College, from which\\nhe graduated in 1873. He studied law with Judge\\nHenry H. Coolidge, at Niles, and was admitted to the\\nbar at Cassopolis, in 1874. In 1875, he was elected\\nCircuit Court Commissioner and has held the office\\nthree terms since.\\nMerritt Alonzo Thompson, who lived at Vandalia\\nand practiced law in the county from 1874 to 1881,\\nwas a native of Penn Township, and was born in the\\nold homestead, where his mother and sister still reside,\\nupon the 26th of April, 1847. He attended the com-\\nmon schools until he was sixteen years of age, and\\nworked at farming after that until he was twenty. In\\nthe spring of 1868, he entered the State Agricultural\\nCollege, which he attended two years. In 1870, he", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nentered the law department of the State University, i\\nfrom which he graduated in March, 1872. In June\\nof the same year, he was admitted to the bar at Cass-\\nopolis. In 1873, he began practice at Osceola City,\\nMich. but in 1874 returned to Cass County and\\nopened an office at Vandalia, in partnership with\\nGeorge L. Linden. In 1875, Mr. L. withdrew and\\nMr. Thompson continued alone until October, 1881,\\nwhen he removed to Little Valley, Kan.\\nJohn Wooster was born in Wheatland County,\\nMich., February 1, 1847. He graduated from Hills-\\ndale College in 1873, and spent the two years follow-\\ning in reading law in the office of the Hon. Henry\\nF. Severns, in Kalamazoo, being admitted to the bar\\nin that county December 30, 1875. In the following\\nyear, he opened an office in Constantine, but not find-\\ning the location a favorable one fo r a young lawyer,\\nremoved in the fall of the same year to Dowagiac, j\\nwhere he has since lived and carried on a general law i\\nbusiness. He was admitted to practice in the United i\\nStates, District and Circuit Courts in the fall of 1878. I\\nMr. Wooster is at present City Attorney of Dowagiac,\\nhaving been elected to that office in the spring of\\n1880, and re-elected in the spring of 1881.\\nJoseph L. Sturr, of Vandalia, was born in Bergen\\nCounty, N. J., in February, 1842, and lived there\\nuntil 1854, when he removed with his parents to this\\ncounty. He entered the army in July, 1861, and\\nwas in the service until September, 1864, when he\\nreceived an honorable discharge. Upon his return\\nhome, he went to Wexford County, Mich., of which\\nhe was several times elected Sheriff. He studied law\\nwith the Hon. N. A. Balch, of Kalamazoo was\\nadmitted to practice there, and located at Vandalm. I\\nL. B. Des Voignes, of Marcellus, was born at\\nMount Eaton, Wayne Co., Ohio, October 15, 1857. In\\n1861, he removed, with his parents, to Mendon, St.\\nJoseph Co., Mich., and, in 1875, entered the office\\nof 0. J. Fast, Esq. (then Prosecuting Attorney for i\\nthe above county), to read law. In 1876, he was ad-\\nmitted to practice at the bar of St. Joseph County,\\nand was the youngest attorney ever admitted there.\\nHe then entered the Law Department of the State\\nUniversity, from which he graduated in 1878. Upon\\nOctober 2 of that year, he located at Marcellus, where\\nhe has since followed his profession. He has been,\\nfor the past three years. City or Village Attorney.\\nFrank H. Reshore, of Dowagiac, was born in Ohio,\\nin 1853, and removed to Michigan, with his parents,\\nthe next year. He graduated from the Dowagiac pub-\\nlic schools in 1870. His father, Louis Reshore, who\\nwas an energetic Dowagiac merchant, dying that year,\\nthe young man took his place in the store, and man-\\naged it successfully for several years. While thus\\nengaged, he began reading law. He attended the\\nLaw Department of Michigan University from 1873\\nto 1875, graduating in the latter year. He was\\nobliged to give up his profession and engage, for a\\ntime, in business but resuming his law studies in the\\noffice of Spaffi^rd Tryon, he was admitted to the bar\\nin 1879, and in 1880 opened an office in Dowagiac.\\nW. J. Sampson was admitted to the bar in Cass\\nCounty August 7, 1880, and has since that time\\npracticed at Marcellus. He was born in Hillsdale\\nCounty, Mich., and received his education at Hills-\\ndale College.\\nOHAPTEE XT.\\nTHE MEDICAL PROFESSION.\\nPractitioners in Cass County, Past and Present\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical Sketches\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094The Succession of Physicians in Cassopolis, Edwaidsburg, Van-\\ndalia, Dnwagiac, Pokagon and Sumnerville\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Physicians of La\\nGrange, Brownsville, Jones, .^.damsville, Williamsville and Mar-\\ncellus.\\nCASSOPOLIS.\\nTHE first physician in the vicinity of Cassopolis,\\nor the central part of the county, was a Dr. Grant,\\nwho made his arrival in 1830 or 1831, and boarded\\nwith Judge Barnard, of La Grange Prairie. He re-\\nmoved some time before 1835, and left no mark.\\nLittle is known concerning his personality.\\nHenry II. Fowler settled at Geneva, on Dia-\\nmond Lake, in 1831, and in 1835 went to Bristol,\\nInd. He was not prominent professionally, but be-\\ncame well known through his establishment of the\\nvillage above named, and the manipulations by which\\nhe caused that place to be designated as the seat of\\njustice for the county.\\nIsaac Brown, a native of Virginia, settled in\\nCassopolis in the year 1835, and about two years\\nlater moved to Prairie Ronde, where he continued to\\npractice until his death.\\nCharles L. Clowes (pronounced Clews), a broth-\\ner-in-law of Dr. Brown, and also from Virginia,\\ncame to the county seat in 1835, and remained in\\nactive practice from that time until his death, in\\nMarch, 1850.\\nDavid E. Brown, a brother of Isaac Brown, prac-\\nticed in the village a short time at a period subse-\\nquent to the above.\\nBenjamin F. Gould, a native of New Hamp-\\nshire, born in 1804, came in 1837, and practiced\\nuntil his death, in November, 1844. Dr. Gould was\\na man of fine medical and general education, and a\\ngraduate of Dartmouth College.\\nDavid A. Clowes, son of Charles L. Clofres,\\ncame to Cassopolis with his father in 1835, and prac-\\nticed with him during the last few years of his life.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n97\\nSubsequently, he was associated for a short time with\\nDr. David E. Brown, and in 1854 he removed to\\nCalifornia.\\nJames Bloodgood came to Cassopolis in 1838,\\nand practiced for about ten years. He was born,\\nMay 1, 1813, in Albany, N. Y., and on first coming\\nto Michigan, in 1835, located at Niles. He was mar-\\nried, July 3, 1843, to Miss Louisa Beckwith, sister\\nof Walter G. Beckwith. Leaving Cassopolis about\\n1848, he went to Niles from that place not long\\nafter, to Chicago, and from that city to Dowagiac,\\nwhere he died quite suddenly, April 24, 1865.\\nE. J. Bonine, now of Niles, was one of the\\nearly and prominent practitioijers in Cassopolis. He\\nwas born in Richmond, Ind., September 10, 1821,\\nand was the son of Isaac and Sarah Bonine, who were\\nof Quaker descent, and emigrated from Tennessee to\\nIndiana at an early date. The young man entered the\\noffice of Dr. J. Prichet, of Centerville, Ind., and\\nremained there three years and #half. In 1844, he\\nremoved to Michigan and settled in Cassopolis. From\\nthat time, onward, until the breaking-out of the war\\nof the rebellion, he resided in this place and Vandalia,\\nand carried on an extensive practice.\\nHe was elected to represent Cass County in the\\nLower House of the State Legislature in 1852. The\\nDoctor became quite prominent in politics, and in his\\nlater years has held several offices by election and\\nappointment. He was originally a Whig, then a\\nmember of the Free-Soil party, and subsequently\\naided in the organization of the Republican party, of\\nwhich he has ever since been an adherent. On the\\nbreaking-out of the civil war, he enlisted as a private,\\nand was soon afterward appointed by Gov. Blair as\\nSurgeon of the Second Regiment of Michigan In-\\nfantry. He received steady promotion through the\\nvarious grades to the position of Surgeon-in-Chief for\\nthe Third Division of the Ninth Army Corps, which\\nconsisted of about 30,000 men. During his services,\\nhe participated in twenty-nine engagements, the prin-\\ncipal ones being the battles of Yorktown, Williams-\\nburg, Fair Oaks, the seven days fight before Rich-\\nmond, the second battle of Bull Run, Chantilly and\\nFredericksburg. In 1864, he returned to Michigan\\nand located at Niles. He was elected to the Legisla-\\nture, but preferred to accept the position of E.xamin-\\ning Surgeon on the Provost Marshal s Staff for the\\nWestern District of Michigan, with headquarters at\\nKalamazoo, where he remained until the close of the\\nwar.\\nHe was subsequently elected Mayor of Niles\\ntwo terms in 1873, was appointed Postmaster and\\nre-appointed in 1877 and 1881. He has been Vice\\nPresident of the State Medical Society, and for the\\npast twenty-five years a surgeon of the Michigan\\nCentral Railroad Company.\\nL. D. Tompkins, of Cassopolis, the oldest med-\\nical practitioner in the county, arrived in 1848,\\nand had a large experience of the pioneer physician s\\nlife. At the time he began practice in Cass County,\\nthe labors of physician were much more arduous than\\nthey now are, and involved not a little of hardship.\\nThe Doctor soon secured a very fair practice and had\\nan extended ride. During the first eight or ten years\\nof his residence in the county, he almost invariably\\ntraveled upon horseback. The roads were not then as\\nnumerous as now, and most of those which had been\\ncleared and improved were in a condition inferior to\\nthat of the present. Large bodies of land were\\nunfenced, and it was the universal custom among\\nthose persons familiar with the country when travel-\\ning in the saddle to save time by going across lots\\nby way of the numerous paths through the open-\\nings and the heavy timber. Dr. Tompkins rode\\nvery frequently upon these paths and often in the\\ndarkness of night was obliged to lean forward upon\\nhis horse s neck to avoid being brushed from the sad-\\ndle by overhanging limbs of the trees. Sometimes,\\nwearied with travel and loss of rest, he would fall\\nasleep in the saddle, but the trusty horse, plodding on\\nthrough the darkness along the winding, narrow path,\\nwould bring him safely home. Dr. Tompkins was\\nborn in Litchfield, Oneida County, N. Y., February\\n15, 1817. His parents, Elijah and Minerva (Barber)\\nTompkins, emigrated from New York to Trumbull\\nCounty, Ohio, in 1832, and there the subject of\\nour sketch learned the trade of cloth dressing and\\nwool-carding which he followed at Newton Falls\\nfor three years. He studied medicine three years\\nin Portage County, Ohio, practiced in North Bend,\\nColumbiana County, about one year another year\\nin Carroll; removed to Logan County, Ohio, in\\n1844, and from there to Cassopolis in May, 1848. He\\nhas since been in constant practice except during the\\ninterval when he attended the Rush Medical College\\nat Chicago, from which he graduated in the winter of\\n1851-52. Dr. Tompkins was married December 19,\\n1850, to Miss Frances S. Bostwick, who is still living.\\nAlonzo Garwood, son of Isaiah and Caroline\\n(Culver) Garwood, born October 15, 1824, in Logan\\nCounty, Ohio, came to Cassopolis in 1850, and is still\\nin practice in the village. His medical education\\nbegan in reading with Dr. James Hamilton in East\\nLiberty, in his native county, in the year 1847. He\\ncontinued under the preceptorship of Dr. Hamilton\\nfor one year ami a half, then went to Columbus, Ohio,\\nattended lectures at the Starling Medical College, and\\nstudied in the office of Dr. Howard, the Professor of", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "98\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSurgery, and an eminent member of the College Fac-\\nulty. He graduated from the institution above men-\\ntioned in 1850, and came directly to Cassopolis. Upon\\nthe 22d of October of the same year he returned to\\nOhio and married Miss Elvira E. Brown. Dr. Gar-\\nwood has taken a deep interest in the affairs of the\\ncommunity in which he has lived, has been promi-\\nnently identified with the management of the schools,\\nand in 1857, was honored with election to the State\\nSenate and filled that position satisfactorily to his\\nconstituents.\\nRichard M. Wilson came from Niles in 1854,\\nand practiced until 1864, when he returned to his\\nformer location. He was of the eclectic school, and\\na graduate of the college of Cincinnati.\\nAlonzo B. Treadwell, one of the prominent and\\nsuccessful physicians of the village and one of its most\\npopular citizens during his life, began practice here in\\n1864, and continued it until his death. Dr. Treadwell\\nwas born in Monroe County, N. Y., January 9, 1825.\\nHe obtained a good common school education mainly\\nthrough his own exertions, and in 1845 or 1846 came\\nwith his father s large family to Calhoun County, Mich.\\nSoon after their settlement, the young man left home\\nrather against his father s wishes, and entered Albion\\nCollege, and a year or so later went to Detroit to con-\\ntinue his study of medicine. In 1850, he commenced\\npractice in Hudson, Mich., in company with Dr. Buch,\\nand remained there about two years, when he was called\\nhome to see a sick brother, whom the attending physi-\\ncians had given up to die, but who was saved probably\\nthrough the Doctor s skillful treatment and nursing.\\nHe soon after formed a partnership with a physician at\\nBattle Creek, and while living in that place married\\nMiss Augusta Phillips, who was attending school there,\\nbut whose home was in Cortland County, N. Y. From\\nBattle Creek Dr. Treadwell went to Albion, and from\\nthere to Northville, Mich., where he remained five or\\nsix years, obtained a large practice and broke down j\\nunder hard work. The next four years he spent upon\\na farm. At the breaking-out of the civil war, he en- I\\nlisted in the army and was commissioned as a Second j\\nLieutenant, but, owing to an unfortunate accident, was\\nincapacitated for the service. In 1864, his health was\\nso far improved that he resolved to again commence\\nthe practice of his profession, and in the spring brought\\nhis family to Cassopolis. He was for a time in part- j\\nnership with Drs. Tompkins and Kelsey, and after-\\nward with Dr. F. F. Sovereign. He died April 21, 1\\n1874, universally lamented by those who knew him,\\nand highly regarded both as a generous and kindly\\nman and an able, conscientious physician.\\nWilliam J. Kelsey, of the firm of Tompkins\\nKelsey, was born in Niagara County, N. Y., August\\n20, 1839, and came to La Grange Township, Cass\\nCounty, the same year, with the family of his father,\\nJames Kelsey. He studied medicine with Dr. C. P.\\nPrindle, of Dowagaic, and attended the Rush Medical\\nCollege, of Chicago, from which he graduated in 1865.\\nIn February of that year, he came to Cassopolis, and\\nformed a partnership with Dr. L. D. Tompkins, which\\nhas existed uninterruptedly since. The firm has en-\\njoyed a very large practice.\\nRobert Patterson came from Edwardsburg in 1867,\\nand was a practitioner in the village for a period\\nof about two years after which he returned to Ed-\\nwardsburg. He is now located at Leonia, Jackson\\nCounty.\\nA little later than Dr. Patterson s time. Dr. Fred-\\nerick F. Sovereign, now of Three Oaks, Mich., prac-\\nticed in the village for a short time, and following him\\ncame Dr. M. C. McOmber, a homeopathic physician,\\nwho remained about two years.\\nFairfield Goodwill was born in Madison County,\\nN. Y., May 12, 1835. His father and his grand-\\nfather were both physicians. His father s family re-\\nmoved to Detroit when Fairfield was only a year old,\\nand the boy was reared in that city and there obtained\\na common-school education. He began the study of\\nmedicine in 1859, reading with Dr. D. Alden, in Pon-\\ntiac, Mich., for two years. Upon the breaking-out of\\nthe civil war, he enlisted in Taylor s Chicago Bat-\\ntery. He was promoted rapidly, and held every non-\\ncommissioned office below the rank of Captain. At\\nthe battle of Shiloh, he was seriously wounded and\\nwent home, being assigned to the recruiting service.\\nHe raised a company of men at Pontiac Company\\nC of the Eighth Regiment Michigan Cavalry and,\\nin January, 1862, was mustered as its Captain, in\\nwhich capacity he served until the close of the war.\\nUpon returning to Michigan, he clerked two years in\\nDetroit, then went back with his old preceptor, and,\\nupon his death, succeeded to his practice. In 1871,\\nhe went to Detroit, and entered the office of Dr. Will-\\niam Brodie, and, in the fall of the same year, began\\nattendance at the Medical Department of the State\\nUniversity. After taking three courses of lectures,\\nhe graduated in 1874, and, in the same year, located\\nin Cassopolis, where he has since practiced very suc-\\ncessfully. Dr. Goodwin has, in the comparatively\\nbrief period of his residence in the village, done much\\nto advance its interests. Few of its citizens have ex-\\nhibited an equal degree of enterprise and public spirit.\\nThe block on the east side of Broadway, in which is\\nGoodwin s Hall, is noteworthy as a single example of\\nthe Doctor s zeal in building. Dr. Goodwin was first\\nmarried December 25, 1861, in Pontiac, to Miss Mary\\nGordon, who died several years later. Upon January", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n15, 1879, he was united with his present wife, who\\nwas Miss Lida Wadsworth, of Lansing.\\nF. P. Hoy was born at Bellefonte, Centerton\\nCo., Penn., in 1854 graduated at the Hahnemann\\nMedical College in New York in 1870, and after\\ntaking extra courses of lectures, located in Cassopolis\\nin the fall of the same year.\\nWilliam E. Parker, born in Jefi erson Town-\\nship, Cass County, in 1854 a son of John and\\nSarah J. (Ingling) Parker graduated from the Rush\\nMedical College, of Chicago, in 1879, and located in\\nCassopolis in 1880, after practicing one year in the\\neastern part of the county.\\nJ. D. Mater, a graduate of the University of\\nVirginia, came to Cassopolis in 1881, from Parke\\nCounty, Ind., and formed a partnership with Dr.\\nGoodwin.\\nEDWARDSBURG.\\nThe first physician who practiced here was a Dr.\\nMartin, a young man who came to the village in 1829.\\nHe remained only a short time.\\nHenry H. Fowler, afterward of Geneva, practiced\\nin Edwardsburg a short time prior to 1830. He\\ncame from Connecticut a single man, and soon re-\\nturned there and married. When he came back to\\nthe village with his bride, they boarded at John\\nSibley s, on Pleasant Lake.\\nDr. Meacham, a cousin of George Meacham, was\\nanother early practitioner.\\nP. P. Barker located here as early as 1834 or 1835,\\nand died in the village. He was a man of much pro-\\nfessional ability, and had been a surgeon in the\\nregular army.\\nHenry Lockwood was one of the most prominent\\nand popular physicians ever in the village. He was\\nborn in Little Falls, N. Y., in 1803, read medicine\\nwith a Dr. Green of that place, graduated at the West-\\nern Medical College, located at Fairfield, Herkimer\\nCo., N. Y., and after practicing for several years in\\nthat region, emigrated to Michigan and settled in\\nEdwardsburg in 1837, or the following year. In\\n1862, he left Edwardsburg, spent the winter and\\nspring in New York State, and, returning, made a\\nWestern visit in the summer. On coming back to\\nMichigan he determined to locate in Dowagiac, but\\nhad not fairly settled there when his death occurred\\nupon the 17th of December, 1863. His remains\\nwere taken to Edwardsburg for interment. Dr.\\nLockwood was a leading member of the Odd Fellows\\nLodge.\\nIsr.ael G. Bugbee, another well-known practitioner\\nof Edwardsburg, was born in Putney, Vt., April 11,\\n1814. Some time in the thirties he came to Edwards-\\nburg, and soon after commenced the study of medi-\\ncine with Dr. John Treat. He afterward went to\\nthe State of New York and attended lectures at Fair-\\nfield Medical College. He practiced Medicine for a\\ntime in Livingston County, N. Y., and there married.\\nJune 16, 1839, Elizabeth Head. Shortly after his\\nmarriage, he returned to Michigan, at first locating in\\nOakland County. In 1840, he removed to Berrien\\nSprings, Berrien County. He remained there but a\\nfew months, and then went to Edwardsburg, where he\\nformed a partnership with Dr. Henry Lockwood.\\nWith Dr. Lockwood he organized Ontwa Lodge, No.\\n49, I. 0. 0. F., at Edwardsburg, and he was its\\nfirst chief officer. He was elected Grand Warden of\\nthe Grand Lodge of Michigan, in 1847, and Grand\\nMaster of the order in 1859. He was Representa-\\ntive of the Grand Lodge of Michigan to the Grand\\nLodge of the United States, for the years 1861-62.\\nIn 1852, he was Democratic candidate for the office\\nof Sheriff of Cass County, and was defeated by\\ntwelve votes. He was a successful business man and\\npractitioner in Edwardsburg, until the fall of 1869,\\nwhen he met with an accident which made him an in-\\nvalid for the remainder of his life. He died May 18,\\n1878.\\nDr. Alvord and Dr. John Treat practiced in the\\nvillage a portion of the period covered by the resi-\\ndence of Drs. Lockwood and Bugbee. The latter\\nsold out in 1839 or 1840, to Philogene P. Mallard,\\na West India man, who had received his medical edu-\\ncation at Philadelphia. He went from Edwardsburg\\nto Niles.\\nA Dr. Wheeler, a young man, was in partnership\\nwith Dr. Lockwood for a brief period, about 1845-46,\\nand a Dr. Sargent came to the village in 1847.\\nEnos Penwell, a man who became very prominent,\\nand gained a large practice, came to Edwardsburg in\\n1846, from the Medical College at La Porte, Ind. He\\nmoved away in 1854, and is now at Shelbyville, III.\\nDuring a portion of Dr. Penwell s practice in Ed-\\nwardsburg, he had as a partner. Dr. Edgar Reading,\\nwhose parents lived in the township of Ontwa. He\\nwas also a graduate of the college at La Porte. He\\nwent to Niles in 1853, built the Reading House\\nthere, and subsequently removed to Chicago.\\nJohn B. Sweetland came to Edwardsburg in 1861,\\nhaving graduated from the University of Buffalo in the\\nsame year. He was born in Tompkins County, N. Y.,\\nin 1834. He enlisted in the Fourth Regiment\\nMichigan Cavalry, in August, 1862. About a year\\nlater, he was made a surgeon in the regular army,\\nand sent to Louisville. In this position, he gained an\\nexperience which has been of great value to him in\\nsubsequent private practice. In 1875, he was sent to\\nthe Legislature as Representative of Cass County,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "100\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nbeing elected upon the Republican ticket. Latterly\\nhe has found time for journalistic labors in addition to\\nhis large medical practice, and has ably edited the\\nEdwardsburg Argus. Dr. Sweetland was married,\\nFebruary 19, 1868, to Frances E., daughter of Will-\\niam Bacon, one of the pioneers of Ontwa.\\nLevi Aldrich, born in Erie County, N. Y., Jan-\\nuary 27, 1820, was the son of James and Hannah\\nAldrich, who at an early day settled in Milton Town-\\nship, where Levi was reared. He studied with Dr.\\nJ. V. D. Sutphen, of Bertrand, for a year and a\\nhalf, and then went to Erie County, N. Y., and finished\\nunder the preceptorship of Dr. George Sweetland.\\nHe then took a course of lectures at Buffalo, another\\nat Albany, and the final one at Buffalo, graduating\\nthere in 1849. He practiced in Erie County and then\\ncame to Edwardsburg, where he has successfully\\npracticed ever since.\\nRobert S. Griffin was born in Erie County, N. Y.,\\nSeptember 25, 1828, and came with his parents to\\nCass County when quite young. The family located\\nnear Edwardsburg. Young Griffin read medicine\\nwith Dr. Henry Lockwood, and with Drs. Penwell\\nReading. He graduated from the Indiana Medi-\\ncal College at La Porte, in 1849 then practiced at\\nBaldwin s Prairie (where now is the village of Union);\\nremoved to Edwardsburg in 1853, and to Van Buren\\nCounty in 1855. Afterward, he spent one year at\\nSouth Bend, and in 1875 returned to Edwardsburg,\\nwhere he still resides.\\nFrank Sweetland has practiced in the village about\\nfour years, and James H. Williams for a short time.\\nMarion Holland, born in Oakland County, Mich.,\\ngraduated from the Medical Department of the State\\nUniversity in 1875, and from the Dental Department\\nin 1877. After his graduation, he located in Cassopo-\\nlis and practiced a short time then went to Grand\\nRapids, and in 1880 came to Edwardsburg, where\\nhe has since practiced and carried on a drug store.\\nWilliam I. Lusk was born in New Y^ork. He is a\\ngraduate of the Cincinnati Homeopathic College, and\\nthe only homoepathic physician in Edwardsburg.\\nVANDALIA.\\nDr. A. L. Thorp was the first physician who set-\\ntled in this village. He came in 1849, remained for\\ntwo years, and then, after an absence of two years,\\nreturned, and has since practiced continuously.\\nDr. E. J. Bonine practiced here for several years\\nsubsequent to 1851. (See Cassopolis).\\nDr. Leander Osborn was born December 27, 1825,\\nin Wayne County, Ind., and in 1835, removed with\\nthe family of his father, Josiah Osborn, to Cass\\nCounty, settling in Calvin Township, then an almost\\nunbroken wilderness. There were no schools in the\\nneighborhood, and he received the rudiments of an\\neducation at home, his mother being his teacher.\\nThe first occupation to which he devoted himself after\\narriving at his majority was teaching a district school.\\nHe was examined by and received a certificate from\\nDr. Taylor and the Rev. George Miner, who compli-\\nmented him highly upon his acquirements. His\\nschool was in what was known as the Shavehead\\nDistrict, in Porter Township. Shortly after this he\\nmade the acquaintance of Dr. E. J. Bonine, then a\\nyoung practitioner in Cassopolis, and determined to\\nstudy and follow the medical profession. He com-\\nmenced reading with Dr. Bonine in 1847 attended\\nthe usual course of lectures at the Rush Medical Col-\\nlege, of Chicago, in 1851 and 1852, and commenced\\nthe practice of his profession in Vandalia in 1853.\\nFor two years he was in partnership with Dr. Bonine.\\nIn 1856, he was elected Justice of the Peace, and has\\nsince occupied that ofiice continuously, with the ex-\\nception of an interval of two years. He had pre-\\nviously held the office of Supervisor of Calvin\\nTownship. In 1866, he was elected to the State\\nLegislature, served two years and had the pleasure of\\nvoting to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment to the\\nConstitution of the United States. Dr. Osborn was\\nmarried November 12, 1854, to Miss Helen M. Beall,\\nof Centerville, Wayne County, Ind.\\nH. H. Phillips was born in Scott, Cortland\\nCounty. N. Y., July 2, 1843, and removed with the\\nother members of the family to Minnesota in 1859.\\nHe enlisted when eighteen years old in the Fourth Regi-\\nment Minnesota Infantry, and served three years and\\ntwo months, the last two years in the medical depart-\\nment. He commenced studying medicine while in the\\narmy in 1863. He came to Cassopolis in the spring\\nof 1866, continued the study under the direction of\\nDrs. Tomkins, Kelsey and Treadwell subsequently at-\\ntended the State University and graduated from the\\nmedical department in 1868. He commenced the prac-\\ntice of medicine and surgery at Vandalia in the sum-\\nmer of the same year, and has since carried it on.\\nD. L. Flanders, of St. Joseph County, practiced\\nin the village from 1871 to 1873, and Dr. D. Teague,\\nof Wabash, Ind., from 1865 to 1868.\\nDOWAGIAC.\\nThere have been fifty phsicians in Dowagiac from\\nthe time of its establishment as a village to the present\\nwriting. The greater number of these have been\\ntransient residents concerning whom no extended men-\\ntion could be made even if it was desirable. A few\\nhave been men of high standing in their profession,\\nand have practiced long in the community. Of all", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "^/z^.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\n101\\nsuch, biographies are given whore it lias been pos-\\nsible to secure the data.\\nThomas Brayton was the first physician in the\\nplace and began practice in 1848 or 1849. He was\\na native of Steuben County, N. Y., and both as man\\nand physician, of good repute. His practice in Dowa-\\ngiac extended from the time of his arrival until his\\ndeath, which was caused by a railroad accident some\\ntime in the sixties. Dr. Brayton had some original\\nmethods of treatment. As an example, when Nicho-\\nlas Book s daughter (now Mrs. William Larzelere) was\\nvery sick with a fever and not expected to live, the\\nphysician brought Fred Werz, the village fiddler, to\\nthe bedside and commanded him to remain there day\\nand night and fiddle his most inspiriting tunes when\\nthe patient had sinking spells. The Doctor s orders\\nwere followed to the letter, and the patient recovered.\\nDr. Barnum came soon after Dr. Brayton, but left\\nin 1852.\\nA Dr. Jarviscame to the village about the time Dr.\\nBrayton left, and remained for a number of years. He\\nwas more noted as a drayman than a follower of the\\nhealing art, and for some time attracted attention by\\ndriving a bull or steer instead of a horse.\\nL. R. Raymond came to Dowagiac about 1851 and\\nleft five or six years later. He was from Evans, Erie\\nCounty, N. Y., and returned to that place. He was,\\nduring his stay, regarded as one of the leading physi-\\ncians of the county.\\nDr. Keables, now of Decatui-, practiced here a short\\ntime in the fifties.\\nC. W. Morse came to Dowagiac in 1851, and with\\nsome intervals has since lived here and enjoyed a large\\npractice. He was born in Orange County, Vt., June\\n26, 1827, but left there when twenty years of age.\\nHe read medicine with a brother, A. H. Morse, in\\nErie County, N. Y. After coming to Dowagiac, he\\nwent East, received a diploma from the University of\\nBuffalo, in 1864, and also took a course of lectures at\\nCincinnati. Soon after coming to Dowagiac, he bought\\nthe place where he now resides. For about four years\\nhe was in the drug business with N. B. Hollister.\\nHiram Crapper and a Dr. Richards practiced for\\nbrief periods from 1853 to 1856.\\nDr. C. P. Prindle had an extensive practice in\\nCass County, and followed it for a long term of years,\\nresiding at Dowagiac, of which community he was a\\nhighly valued citizen. He was born in Spafford,\\nOnondaga County, N. Y., May 25, 1825. His\\nboyhood days were passed in the usual manner of\\nwell-conditioned children. Under the supervision of\\nloving parents, in moderate though comfortable cir-\\ncumstances, he had little to mar his pleasures. He\\nwas light-hearted and merry, and made the most of\\nlife. When he was eleven years of age, however, his\\nfather died, leaving him, with other children, to the\\nguidance of his mother. Time passed on and at the\\nage of sixteen he commenced the study of medicine\\nin the office of Dr. Morrel, of Borodino, Onondaga\\nCounty. Passing through the required course of\\nreading and obtaining much practical knowledge in\\nthe office from other sources than books, he went to\\nGeneva College, from which institution he graduated\\nin 1846. He desired to gain further knowledge in\\nthe line of his chosen calling, and with that end in\\nview decided to go to New York and enter the great\\nBellevue Hospital, which has been a valuable school\\nfor hundreds of physicians. In order to pay his ex-\\npenses, he was first obliged to work for six months.\\nThis he did and then carried out his plan. He re-\\nmained for about a year at Bellevue, and also attended\\nlectures during that period. Returning from the city,\\nhe spent a year in the central part of New York\\nState. He had some thoughts of removing to the\\nWest, but it was with difficulty he made up his\\nmind to do so. At last he came, and for a short time\\nwas located in Sumnerville, Pokagon Township, Cass\\nCounty. Feeling that he could not have sufficient\\nlatitude at that place, he went to Lawrence, Van\\nBuren County. There his ride soon became very ex-\\ntensive and he felt that his labors as a physician had\\ncommenced in earnest. This was in 1850 and 1851.\\nIt was during his residence at the last-named place\\nthat he married Miss Adaline S. Case, of Onondaga\\nCounty, N. Y. The winter of 1854, he spent in New\\nYork City, attending lectures and ministering to the\\nneeds of a friend who was seriously ill. In the city,\\nhe was brought into close intercourse with his old\\npreceptor. Dr. Alonzo Clark, which he felt was a\\ngreat advantage to him, as a young physician. In\\nMarch, 1855, he came West again and located at\\nDowagiac, where he spent the remainder of his life.\\nHe practiced thirty years, and those the best years of\\nhis life. His death occurred August 2, 1876. He\\nbuilt several houses in Dowagiac, and was closely\\nidentified with its best interests but it was as a\\nphysician that he was best known and appreciated\\nthere and in the county. He was very much devoted\\nto his profession and nothing daunted him in his zeal\\nand determination to honor it. A writer in one of\\nthe local newspapers said of him at the time of his\\ndeath For twenty-one years, although often racked\\nwith pain and fatigue, such as few imagined, never in a\\nsingle instance when able to ride did he refuse to attend\\nthe call of suffering whether coming from friend or\\nfoe, rich or poor, it was all the same to him. He\\ndetested the professional quack in medicine, and\\nfew things hurt his feelings as much as did the often", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "102\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nsad results of their insincerity and ignorance. He\\ndisliked, too, anything like pretentiousness, or the\\nuse of high-flown language. On one occasion when\\nreturning from a long country ride, he observed as\\nhe drove into town quite a large gathering of men\\naround one of his cotemporaries, a young doctor who\\nwas giving his ideas of a case of illness, and ostenta-\\ntiously displaying his knowledge of the technicalities of\\nmedicine, using all the terms in the category of the\\nMateria Medica, and, for that matter, in the whole\\nrange of the literature of the healing art, which he\\ncould possibly find excuse for. After listening for a\\nfew moments, he stepped up to the young M. D., say-\\ning, in his outspoken manner, Young man, you are\\ndisgracing your Alma Mater. How do you expect\\nthese men to understand what you are trying to ex-\\nplain in your high-flown language Always use plain\\nand simple language then there will be no mistakes.\\nHe often spoke against professional bombast, and said\\nthat there should be no secrets in the true practice.\\nThe doctor was known as a strong, earnest, manly\\ncharacter, and was almost universally esteemed for\\nhis worth as a man and his qualities professionally.\\nHis death, continues the obituary notice, from\\nwhich we have already made one brief quotation,\\ncaused widespread sorrow in many homes, where\\nfor years he had been the trusted physician, the tried,\\ntrue friend. His funeral was very largely attended,\\nthe stores and business places in Dowagiac being\\nclosed by common consent.\\nDr. Prindle left at his death a wife and two chil-\\ndren. Flora H. Prindle. the elder, and Edward C.\\nPrindle, the younger, who is now a practicing physi-\\ncian, having graduated from Ann Arbor University\\nwith the class of 1876, and also from the Columbia\\nCollege of New York City in 1877.\\nA. B. Hall followed the profession here from 1854\\nto 1858 or 59.\\nWilliam E. Clarke, M. D., was formerly in practice\\nhere as physician and surgeon for some ten or twelve\\nyears prior to the breaking-out of the war. He is a\\nnative of Lebanon, Conn., was educated at the Roches-\\nter (N. Y.) Institute, and in his profession chiefly\\nunder the tuition of Prof Edward M. Moore and\\nFrank Hamilton, then of that city, with several courses\\nof lectures at the Williamstown (Mass.) and Vermont\\nMedical Colleges, of which they were professors. In\\nthe summer of 1861, and while in practice at Dowa-\\ngiac, he was commissioned Surgeon of the Fourth\\nRegiment of Michigan Infantry served with it in the\\nArmy of the Potomac, until after McCiellan s cam-\\npaigns of 1862 was transferred to the Nineteenth\\nInfantry, organized at Dowagiac, in the fall of 1862,\\nand thence, in 1863, to Carver General Hospital at\\nWashington, and thence, at the close of the war, to\\na regiment still on duty in North Carolina. After\\nhis discharge, he commenced and has since continued\\nthe practice of his profession at Chicago, where he has\\nbeen President of the Medical Society of the city.\\nMoses Porter came in 1854, and after practicing\\neight years, removed to Kalamazoo.\\nA. J. Leonard followed the profession for a short\\ntime, and then removed to Whitewater, Wis.\\nTheodore P. Seeley was, for a year or so, in part-\\nnership with William E. Clarke. He went into the\\narmy, and on his return settled in Chicago.\\nJ. H. Beals was for a short time associated with\\nDr. Brayton, afterward went into the army, and was\\na Lieutenant of cavalry.\\nJames Bloodgood came here in 1864 and died in\\n1865 (see Cassopolis).\\nDr. Odeil and Dr. Salter each practiced for a short\\ntime, as did also Dr. Martin, now of Berrien Springs.\\nCyrus J. Curtis was the pioneer Eclectic physician\\nof Dowagiac and of Cass County. He was born in\\nSt. Lawrence County, N. Y., January 31, 1819 re-\\nmoved with his father s family to Erie County, Penn.,\\nin eai-ly boyhood, and there received his education at\\nthe Waterford Academy. He studied medicine with\\na Dr. Smith, in Erie, and graduated at the Worthing-\\nton Medical College of Ohio. In 1844, he was mar-\\nried to Lucinda Brace, of Erie, Penn., and removed\\nto Adrian, Mich. Four years later, he returned to\\nErie County, Penn., where he practiced until 1860.\\nHis health failing that year, he removed to Berkeley\\nSprings, Va. At the outset of the war, he was obliged\\nto leave at a great personal sacrifice, and located in\\nPortage County, Ohio. His wife died there May 2,\\n1864. and in December of that year he removed to\\nMichigan and located at Dowagiac, bringing with him\\nhis children and Dr. S. T. McCandless, who was as-\\nsociated with him in practice. He married his second\\nwife, Lillie A. Mills, of New Milford, Ohio, in May,\\n1865. The labor of an extensive practice in Penn-\\nsylvania and Ohio had so impaired his health that he\\nwas unable to follow a general practice after coming\\nto Dowagiac, and devoted himself to the treatment of\\nchronic diseases, and soon established an enviable\\nreputation through his marked success. During most\\nof the time of his residence in Dowagiac. he had part-\\nners who gave their attention to the general practice.\\nDr. S. T. McCandless was with him from December,\\n1865, until January, 1867 D. B. Sturgis and Will-\\niam Flory from September 1, 1868, to March 10, 1869\\nLinus Daniels from May, 1869, to May, 1870 Dr.\\nH. S. McMaster from September, 1871, to Septem-\\nber, 1873, and his son, E. A. Curtis, from December,\\n1873, until his death, which occurred April 21, 1875.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "iX/z- C^^\\n0,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHICtAN.\\n103\\nDuring his early professional life, Dr. Curtis took an\\nactive part in public affairs, especially educational\\nmatters. He was a charter member of the Eclectic\\nMedical Society of Michigan, and its President a\\nmember of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and of\\nthe Masonic Order, The last year of his life was\\nspent in traveling in Colorado, in the vain hope of re-\\nstoring his health.\\nS. T. McCandless, a graduate of the Eclectic\\nMedical Institute of Cincinnati, came to Dowagiac\\nin 1864, associated as has been said, with C. J. j\\nCurtis. He removed to Alliance, Ohio, in January,\\n1867.\\nD. B. Sturgis came to Dowagiac in September,\\n1868 was associated with C. J. Curtis, under the i\\nfirm name of Curtis Sturgis until March 10, 1869,\\nwhen he removed to South Bend, Ind.\\nWilliam Flora was a partner of C. J. Curtis, and a\\nson-inlaw of D. B. Sturgis. He came to Dowagiac in\\n1868, having graduated from the Bennett Medical\\nCollege of Chicago.\\nLinus A. Daniels, also an Eclectic physician, came\\nto Dowagiac in May, 1869, and was in partnership\\nwith C. J. Curtis until May, 1870, when he removed\\nto Plainwell, Mich. He attended the Medical Depart-\\nment of the State University, but graduated from the\\nUniversity of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia.\\nHenry Lockwood practiced here a very short time.\\n(See Edwardsburg.)\\nA Dr. Barnes was here several years.\\nJames D. Taylor came to Dowagiac in 1858, and prac-\\nticed his profession until his death. February 11, 1871\\nHis wife (who waa Miss Elizabeth A. McMain) and\\ntwo children still reside in Dowagiac. Dr. Taylor\\nwas born near Elyria, Ohio, December 2, 1828, and\\nobtained his medical education in Cleveland and Chi-\\ncago, receiving his diploma from the Hahnemann\\nCollege of the latter city in 1868.\\nP. I. Mulvane was born in Newcomerstown, Tus-\\ncarawas Co., Ohio, December 13, 18-36. He was ed-\\nucated at the University of Michigan, and received\\nhis medical diploma from the Rush Medical College,\\nChicago, in 1870. He commenced practice in Illi-\\nnois in 1862, and in the same year entered the army.\\nIn 1865, he came to Dowagiac, and remained in prac-\\ntice there until 1873, when he removed to Topeka,\\nKan. At one time Dr. Mulvane was associated with\\nDr. C. P. Prindle, and again for two years or more\\nwas in partnership with Dr. C. W. Morse. He was\\nquite prominent as a physician, and had a large prac-\\ntice. Since residing in Kansas, he has been Presi-\\ndent of the State Eclectic Board of Medical Examiners,\\never since the new medical act has been in force.\\nDr. Whitehead, an Indian medicine man,\\ncame to the town in 1862, or about that time, and for\\na short time occupied an office near where Mosher\\nPalmer s store now is, and exercised the herb art\\nupon a few credulous people.\\nJ. H. Wheeler came to Dowagiac in 1867, and\\nsoon became one of the leading and influential physi-\\ncians of the town. He was born in Cheshire County,\\nN. H., October 17, 1812; removed with his father\\nand other members of the family to Western New\\nYork in 1821, and emigrated to Cass County in 1835.\\nHe was a practical surveyor, and in his leisure mo-\\nments studied medicine. He took his degree in Phil\\nadelphia in 1844, and in the same year began practice\\nin Edwardsburg; removed to Berrien County in 1847,\\nand from there, twenty years later, to Dowagiac. He\\ndied here, January 5, 1877, in his sixty-fifth year,\\nleaving a wife and three children.\\nDr. Sherwood was in partnership with Dr. Wheeler\\nfrom 1872 to 1874.\\nG. W. Fosdick practiced (homoeopathy) for a short\\ntime, and removed to a farm in Volinia in 1876.\\nL. V. Rouse came in the sixties, and still practices\\nin the city.\\nEdward Sawyer Stebbins settled here in 1868.\\nHe was born in the town of Norwich, Vt., January\\n17, 1820, and resided there until 1839, when he went\\nto Worcester, Mass. He began the study of medicine\\nin part for the purpose of curing himself of consump-\\ntion, with which he was then afflicted in its incipient\\nbut well marked stages. Succeeding in this, he at-\\ntended the prescribed courses of lectures in the New\\nEngland Botanical College, at Worcester, Mass., in\\n1845 and 1846. In 1844, he was united in marriage\\nwith Harriet Goddard, of that city. He continued to\\nres ide in Worcester until his removal to the West,\\nand in 1867 was el ected Representative to the Mas-\\nsachusetts Legislature, on the Republican ticket. In\\n1869, the year after the Doctor removed to Dowagiac,\\nhe lost his wife, a very estimable lady, who left four\\nchildren to mourn her loss. With the exception of\\na short interval when he was in business with his son-\\nin-law, L. E. Wing, he continued to follow his pro-\\nfession, until 1879, when he abandoned a lucrative\\npractice for a larger field, and removed to East Liver-\\npool, Ohio, where he now resides. Dr. Stebbins is a\\nscholarly man, a great reader and an untiring student\\nof specialties. In electrical therapeutics, he probably\\nhad no equal in Western Michigan.\\nHamilton Sheldon McMaster was born December\\n80, 1842, in West Sparta, Livingston Co., N. Y., in\\na log house, on the banks of the Genesee Valley\\nCanal, and was reared on a farm one mile from his\\nbirthplace until he was nineteen years of age, attend-\\ning district school in the winter. August 6, 1862,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "104\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nhe enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Thirti-\\neth Regiment New York Infantry, afterward changed\\nto the First New York Dragoons. He was AVard-\\nmaster eight months in Douglass Hospital, Washing-\\nton, D. C. (after getting up from a siege of typhoid\\nfever), in 1863-64, and his experience there has been\\nof value to him in subsequent practice. He served in\\nthe army two years and ten months, being discharged\\nJune 6, 1865. In October, 1867, he came to Michi-\\ngan. He received a good academic education at\\nDansville Seminary, in New York, Lima Seminary of\\nthe same State, and Albion College, Michigan. He\\ntaught school a couple of terms before coming to\\nMichigan, and four in this State, the last three (one\\nyear) being in a graded school at Blissfield. His sum-\\nmer vacations were spent upon a farm, and his even-\\nings occupied with study. He attended lectures at\\nthe Eclectic Medical Institute, Cincinnati, and at\\nBennett Medical College, Chicago, graduating from\\nthe latter in the class of 1871. He commenced prac-\\ntice in Onondaga, Mich., in 1870, and was there six\\nmonths before going to Chicago went to Battle\\nCreek in June, 1871, and came to Dowagiac in Sep-\\ntember of the same year, and has resided here ever\\nsince, with the exception of a little more than a year\\nspent in Grand Rapids. In 1872, he was married to\\nMiss Mary F. Stebbins, daughter of Dr. E. S. Steb-\\nbins. Dr. McMaster is well known in his profession\\nas a frequent contributor to the medical journals, such\\nas the Medical Times, of Chicago, the Eclectic Medi-\\ncal Journal, of Cincinnati, the Medical 7ribune, of\\nNew York, and the Therapeutical Gazette, of De-\\ntroit also as a defender of the liberal, non-sectarian\\nprinciples and ethics of the Eclectic school of practice,\\nand advocate for a high standard of qualifications for\\ngraduation in the colleges that are recognized by\\nthe National Society. He has prepared several\\npapers for the State and National Medical Societies.\\nHe was the first City Physician of Dowagiac is now\\na Trustee and Director of the schools President of\\nthe Ladies Library Association President of the\\nDowagiac Union Medical Society Secretary of the\\nState Eclectic Medical and Surgical Society the\\neditor of the report of its annual transactions, and I\\nthe Vice President of the National Eclectic Medical\\nAssociation. He is best known outside of his pro-\\nfessional practice as a persistent advocate of equal\\nrights for the Eclectic school of medicine, before\\nthe law, in the University, in the State Board of\\nHealth, and in other institutions of Michigan. Dr.\\nMcMaster has taken an active part in public affairs,\\nand been a leading spirit in temperance reform. His\\nheart is always on the right side. This is not merely\\na rhetorical figure true metaphorically but a phys-\\nical fact, and one which has been attested by various\\nexaminations by medical gentlemen.\\nE. B. Weed, a homoeopathic physician, came to\\nDowagiac in 1871, and remained until 1877, when he\\nwent to Grand Rapids. He now resides in Detroit.\\nEugene A. Curtis, an eclectic physician of Dowa-\\ngiac, was born in Waterford, Erie County, Penn.,\\nDecember 17, 1852, and came here in 1864 with his\\nfather. He studied medicine with his father. Dr. C.\\nJ. Curtis, and graduated from the Bennett Medical\\nCollege of Chicago in 1873. He began practice with\\nhis father and Dr. H. S. McMaster. He was asso-\\nciated with Dr. W. F. Ball during 1877, but termi-\\nnated the partnership to reside in Chicago. After\\nspending nearly two years there in attendance at the\\ncolleges and hospitals be returned to Dowagiac in the\\nsummer of 1879, and has since been in practice here.\\nW. L. Marr came to Dowagiac in 1874, having just\\ngraduated from the State University, and remained\\nuntil 1879, when he went to Chicago.\\nE. C. Prindle, son of Dr. C. P. Prindle, graduated\\nfrom the State University in 1876, and has since\\npracticed here.\\nTheodore Rudolphi has been in practice in the city\\nsince 1877.\\nJohn Robertson, now of Pokagon, was in practice\\nhere from 1877 to 1880.\\nW. F. Ball, an eclectic physician and a graduate of\\nthe Philadelphia Medical Institute, came here in\\n1877 and left in 1878, going to East Liverpool, Ohio.\\nHe was in partnership with Dr. E. A. Curtis.\\nE. W. Eldridge, a graduate of the Cincinnati Col-\\nlege of Medicine and Surgery was in the city in\\n1879-80.\\nJ. H. Ludwig, a homoeopathic physician, came\\nhere in 1879, and still remains.\\nW. W. Easton, eclectic, graduate of the Bennett\\nMedical College of Chicago, has been here since 1880.\\nHe is a son of Thomas Easton of Silver Creek.\\nD. W. Forsythe has been in practice in Dowagiac\\nsince 1880, coming directly from the Bennett Medical\\nCollege of Chicago. He was born in Canada in\\n1853.\\nW. J. Ketcham, for about six years a practitioner\\nin Volinia, has lately formed a partnership with Dr.\\nC. W. Morse. He studied with Dr. C. P. Prindle,\\nand is a graduate of the State University.\\nLA QRANfiE.\\nDr. Jacob Allen located in La Grange (then called\\nWhitmanville) in 1837, and practiced there with mod-\\nerate success until 1852, when, on account of failing\\nliealth, he went to California. He was afllicted with\\nasthma, but became entirely relieved of the disease", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "vVlLLlAjM J, K ELSE/ Jv(. D,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "(rvv\u00c2\u00bb.\\n\\\\X -sJ^\\n.^Lcu^i^^\\nI\\nF^ESIDENlCE OF ^OK. J0H,NI B.SWEETL/iKD fvl. D. EDW/M^DSBa^G, MICH", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "HI8T0RY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwhen lie readied the plains, and was free from it\\nuntil he came East upon a visit. He returned to the\\nPacific Slope, and now resides at Los Angelos, Cal.\\nPOKAGON AND SUMNERVILLE.\\nThe physicians at present residing at Pokagon are\\nDr. C. P. Wells, Dr. Charles A. Morgan and Dr.\\nJohn Robertson. Dr. Henry Leeder (now deceased)\\nformerly practiced in the vicinity, residing between\\nPokagon Village and Sumnerville. Dr. James Leeder\\nnow resides at the latter place.\\nDr. John Robertson was born in the town of Ar-\\ngyle, Washington Co., N. Y., September 25, 1820.\\nIn 1835, he moved, with his parents, to Onondaga\\nCounty, of the same State, and, in 1844, commenced\\nreading medicine with Dr. Isaac Morrell, in that\\ncounty. He attended the Medical Institution at Pitts-\\nfield, Mass., and graduated at Castlets, Vt. In the\\nsummer of 1848, he came to Michigan, and settled in\\nSumnerville, where he practiced his profession for ten\\nyears very successfully. In 1850, he bought property\\nin what is now the village of Pokagon, and built the\\nresidence where he still resides. He has had an ex-\\ntensive practice, but has been compelled recently to\\nabandon it, because of failing health. It has been\\nsaid of Dr. Robertson, by a friend: Whenever his\\npatrons or strangers required his aid, he never refused\\nto go, no matter how dark and stormy the night, how\\nbad the roads or whether the mercury stood a hundred\\ndegrees above or thirty below zero.\\nCharles P. Wells was born in Conquest, Cayuga\\nCo., N. Y., May 26, 1834, and came, with his parents,\\nJonathan and Sylvia P. Wells, to Niles, Mich., in June,\\n1835. They soon after purchased land previously\\nentered by Arthur Johnson, on which was four or five\\nacres of slashing, and a log cabin, situated one and\\na half miles east of Niles and near Yankee street,\\nin Section 31, Howard Township, Cass County.\\nThere they settled, and, in 1836, erected the third\\nframe dwelling in the township, and remained for\\nmany years. The subject of this sketch entered upon\\nthe study of medicine November 1, 1852, in the office\\nof the late Dr. Joel Loomis, of Niles, and completing\\nthe usual course of study under his preceptor and at\\nthe medical college, graduated at Cincinnati, Ohio^\\nMay 13, 1856, and during the following summer, en-\\ngaged in the practice of his profession at Plymouth,\\nInd., and, after several seasons of travel, mostly in the\\nNorthern States and Territories, came to Pokagon in\\nNovember, 1865, and, associated with. A. L. Abbott, a\\nmerchant of the place, opened the first drug store ever\\nkept in the village, of which he subsequently became\\nsole proprietor, and has continued the business unin-\\nterruptedly, in connection witli his practice, and may\\nbe counted the oldest and only dealer remaining in\\nany branch of trade that was here when he came.\\nMay 21, 1870, he was married to Josephine V.,\\ndaughter of Benjamin Curtis, of Berrien, Berrien\\nCo., Mich.\\nDr. Charles A. Morgan, born in Wales in the year\\n1841, came with his parents to Michigan in 1848,\\nand the family settled in Cass County, near its west-\\nern border. He worked upon his father s farm until\\n1861, when he entered the army. He served until the\\nclose of the war, and was taken prisoner at the battle\\nof Pittsburg Landing. Soon after the close of the\\nwar, he attended Kalamazoo College, where he studied\\nuntil 1868, in which year he entered the office of Drs.\\nBonine Dougan, in Niles, and began to read medi-\\ncine. He graduated from the Medical Department of\\nthe State University in 1871, and established himself\\nin practice at Sumnerville soon afterward.\\nADAMSVILLE.\\nHenry Follett, one of the earliest and most noted\\nmedical men of Cass County, was born in Eastern\\nNew York November 5, 1789 went to Cayuga\\nCounty at an early age studied medicine with Dr.\\nPitney, of Auburn, and served under him in the war\\nof 1812, as assistant surgeon, being stationed at\\nNiagara. He commenced the practice of medicine\\nafter the war, near Weedsport, Cayuga Co., N. Y.,\\nand soon afterward moved into Weedsport. He was\\nmarried on the 26th of February, 1816, to Mary\\nWells.\\nIn 1836, he started with the family, consist-\\ning of his wife and six children, for the far West,\\njourneying from Niagara through Upper Canada to\\nDetroit, and thence to Adamsville, in this county,\\narriving in the latter part of August. He at once\\ncommenced the practice of his profession in 1838,\\nmoved onto a farm a mile and a half east of Adams-\\nville, and there continued practice until his death,\\nwhich occurred December 14, 1849.\\nj BROWNSVILLE.\\nDr. Phineas Gregg, of Brownsville, was born in\\nj Ross County, Ohio, on the Slst of March, 1800. He\\nhas been a lifelong member of the Society of Friends.\\nIn 1812, the family moved to Knox County, in the\\nabove State, and Phineas was there married, in 1827, to\\nLydia Carpenter, who was born in Vermont in 1806.\\nThey moved to Logan County in 1834, and thence to\\nBrownsville, Cass Co., Mich., in the year 1848,\\nwhere they are both still living at this writing. The\\nDoctor commenced the practice of medicine on\\nbotanic principles in Ohio, but since coming to Michi-\\ngan took up the Eclectic system.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThomas L. Blakeley, of Newberg (Jones Station),\\nwas born in Niagara County, N. Y., July 5, 1839.\\nWhen a small boy, the family removed to Huntington\\nCounty, Ind., where his parents died. In 1857, he\\nremoved to Vandalia, Cass County, where he lived un-\\ntil 1861, when he enlisted in Company E, Eleventh\\nRegiment, Michigan Volunteer Infantry. In 1865, he\\nreturned from the war and located in Buchanan, Ber-\\nrien County, where he married, July 1, 1866, Mary J.\\nBatchelar. They removed to Nicholsville, in this\\ncounty, in 1869, and there the Doctor began the\\npractice of medicine in accordance with the Eclectic\\nsystem. In 1872, they removed to their present\\nhome, Jones Station. Dr. Blakley was the first\\nphysician who located there. In 1873, he opened a\\ndrug store, which he carries on in connection with his\\npractice. He was elected Justice of the Peace on the\\nticket of the National Greenback party in 1879.\\nWILLIAMSVILLE.\\nOtis Moor was born at St. Joseph, Mich., July 12,\\n1847. He moved with his parents to Chicago in\\n1852, married Miss Mary Conkey, of that city, in\\n1866 graduated from the Rush Medical College in\\n1872, moved to Williamsville, Cass County, in the\\nsame year, and has since continued to practice there.\\nDr. Moor has been twice elected as Justice of the\\nPeace, and is at present Superintendent of Schools of\\nPorter Township.\\nMARCELLUS.\\nH. Carbine has been in practice since 1871, when\\nhe came from Decatur, and has had considerable suc-\\ncess. In partnership with him is F. Grant, a gradu-\\nate of the State University, who has been in the\\nvillage about a year.\\nC. E. Davis came to Cass County in 1861, from\\nHuron County, Ohio, where he was born in 1846.\\nHis father s family settled in Howard Township. Dr.\\nDavis enlisted, February 22, 1864, in Company\\nA, of the Twelfth Michigan Infantry, in which he\\nserved two years. He studied medicine with Dr. A.\\nJ. Mead, of Niles, and began practice in the spring of\\n1869. In 1871, he went to Philadelphia, and took a\\ntwo years course of lectures in the University of\\nPennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1873. In\\nthe following year he located at Marcellus.\\nCHAPTER XVI.\\nFirst Newspaper Published in Cassopolis\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Xatimial Democrat\\nand the Fi{)ti!an(\u00e2\u0080\u0094 History of the Dowagiae Press\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The ReimhUcaii\\nand the Tinxx\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Papers in Kdwardsburg\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Marcellus-Vandalla.\\nCASSOPOLIS.\\nTHE first newspaper established in the county was\\nthe Cass County Advocate, the first number of\\nwhich was issued March 11, 1845. It was a small\\nbut well-printed sheet, issued as a weekly, and bore\\nat the column head the name of E. A. Graves, who\\nwas editor and proprietor. In politics it was Demo-\\ncratic. Abram Townsend purchased the paper in\\n1846, but failed to build it up to a prosperous condi-\\ntion. In 1850, it fell into the hands of Ezekiel S.\\nSmith, Esq., who removed it the same year to Do-\\nwagiae.\\nThe National Democrat was established by a stock\\ncompany in 1850, and the first number published\\nMarch 17. George B. Turner was the first editor\\nof this journal, and conducted it with ability, making\\na lively, spicy paper, which nevertheless did not lack\\nsolidity of character and dignity of journalistic tone.\\nH. C. Shurter was the publisher for the company.\\nIn the spring or summer of 1854, the paper was pur-\\nchased by G. S. Bouton, who sold out to W. W. Van\\nAntwerp upon September 5, of the same year.\\nWhile the paper was owned by Mr. Van Antwerp, it\\nwas edited by Daniel Blackman, Esq., now of Chicago.\\nIn 1858. the original stock company again became the\\nowners of the Democrat, and employed Blackman as\\neditor and H. B. Shurter as publisher. During the\\nnext three years, the oflBce was not in as prosperous\\ncondition as was desirable, and in 1861 it came under\\nthe Sheriff s hammer. The purchasers were Pleasant\\nNorton, D. M. Howell and Maj. Joseph Smith. It\\nwas transferred by them to L. D. Smith, who managed\\nit during the first two years of the war. In March,\\n1863, it again became the property of Messrs. Norton,\\nHowell Smith, and for a short time was edited by Maj.\\nSmith. C. C. Allison had been employed as publisher\\nin 1862, and upon May 5, 1863, bought the property.\\nHe has since been its owner, and has personally edited\\nthe paper and managed the office. The Democrat,\\nunder his control, has been enlarged and improved\\nfrom time to time, and made a valuable, local news;\\npaper, as well as a political factor of much influence.\\nThe Democrat has always been an advocate of those\\nprinciples which its name would indicate.\\nAn ephemeral and unremunerative journalistic en-\\nterprise was inaugurated in 1846, in the publication\\nof the Literary News. This paper was a small sheet,\\ndevoted, during its short existence, to social gossip and\\nhumor.\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n107\\nThe Cassopolis Vigilant was established as a Re-\\npublican newspaper on the 16th of May, 1H72, D. B.\\nHarrington and M. H. Barber being its projectors.\\nIt was purchased by C. L. Morton and W. H. Mans-\\nfield, on the 28th of February, 1873, and in July, of\\nthe same year, Mr. Mansfield became the sole pro-\\nprietor. He continued the publication alone until\\n1876, when he associated with himself James M.\\nShepard. This gentleman, in 1 S7S, purchased Mr.\\nMansfield s interest, and has since that time managed\\nthe paper alone. The Vigila7it, has been and is a\\nlive, cleanly, well edited newspaper, and it receives\\nthe hearty support of the people of Cass County.\\nDOWAGIAC*\\nThe first paper published in Dowagiac was one re-\\nmoved from Cassopolis, by the proprietor, Ezekiel S.\\nSmith, in 1850. It was called the Cass County Ad-\\nvocate. The building containing the office was situ-\\nated on Front street, nearly opposite the northern\\nterminus of Beeson street. Mr. Smith soon disposed\\nof his interest to L. P. Williams, who changed its\\ntitle to Dowagiac Times atid Cass County Republican.\\nIn 185-1, Mr. Williams returned from a short busi-\\nness trip to find the building containing the office de-\\nstroyed by fire. He made no effort to resurrect the\\npaper, and abandoned the field.\\nIn 1854, Mr. James L. Gantt established the\\nDowagiac Tribune, and continued its publication until\\n1859, when he sold the good will of the office to W.\\nH. Campbell. During the previous year, W. H.\\nCampbell and N. B. Jones hatl established another\\nnewspaper entitled the Republican, and the last-\\nnamed paper now occupied the field without op-\\nposition. Mr. Gantt removed his printing material\\nto Mackinaw, published a paper there a short time,\\nand finally removed to Baltimore, Md. The cause\\nwhich led to the establishment and final success of the\\nRepublican was, that the course of the Tribune be-\\ncame very distasteful to the Republicans of the\\ncounty, and in January, 1858, a meeting of the county\\nofficers and leading Republicans was called to con-\\nsider the matter. Overtures were made to Mr. Gantt\\nto either dispose of the paper or to allow a committee\\nto select an editor, in which case the expense would\\nbe paid, but all offers were rejected. It was then de-\\ncided to establish another paper which would more\\nclearly represent the views of the party. Thereupon,\\nnegotiations were entered into with Jones k Camp-\\nbell, of Jackson, Mich., and the Republican was es-\\ntablished. The co-partner.ship continued but three\\nmonths, when Mr. Jones retired. The committee\\nwhich was instrumental in establishing the Republican\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2The history of the Dowagiac prem ia by Mr. O. J. Oreenlcaf.\\nconsisted of Justus Gage, Jesse G. Beeson, W. G.\\nBeckwith, Jo.shua Lofland and William Sprague, of\\nKalamazoo. The last-named gentleman had pre-\\nviously represented the district in Congress, and was\\nthen engaged in business in Dowagiac. Mr. Camp-\\nbell continued the publication of the Republican until\\nJanuai-y, 1865, when Mr. Charles A. Smith pur-\\nchased the office and published the paper for a period\\nof about two years. While the paper was under Mr.\\nSmith s administration, it continued to prosper, was\\nably edited, and, being the official organ of the county,\\nwas well patronized. It still maintained the old-time\\nout-and-out Republican principles, and did every-\\nthing in its power to aid the Union cause during the\\ndark days of the rebellion. It was a journal of wide-\\nspread influence, and an advocate upon which the\\nparty could with safety depend. Mr. Smith was quite\\nyoung at the time, being but little more than twenty-\\none years of age, but having learned his trade in the\\nsame office, and having studied the desires and pecu-\\nliarities of the citizens of the county, and, being withal,\\na firm and unflinching advocate of Republican princi-\\nples, managed to furnish his readers with a good,\\nsound, local paper. Mr. Joseph B. Clarke, a promi-\\nnent lawyer, and yet a resident of the city, and\\na brother of Grace Greenwood, frequently con-\\ntributed political articles which were highly appre-\\nciated by the readers of the paper. He was a man of\\ngi-eat talent, and his writings always had the same\\npainstaking precision which characterize his legal\\npractice, in which profession he was a jurist wliom\\nfew equal and fewer excel. Mr. Smith, wishing to\\nengage in another branch of business, disposed of the\\noffice to Mr. Jesse J. Roe, of Buchaniin, Mich., who\\nretained the same but a few weeks, when he sold the", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "HISTOKT OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nconcern to its founder, Mr. Campbell. Mr. Roe was\\nnot a practical printer, and knew little about the\\nbusiness, whicli was doubtless the cause of his retire-\\nment after three weeks experience. Mr. Smith is at\\npresent, we understand, residing in Chicago, having\\nbeen a resident of that city some dozen years. Soon\\nafter his arrival in that city, he became editor of the\\nReal Estate and Building Journal, and in one year\\nbecame half-owner of the same concern. He was con-\\nnected with the Journal as its editor four years in all.\\nIt was a large twenty-four-page paper. He is, we\\nbelieve, now engaged as proof-reader for the large\\nprinting house of Culver, Page, Hoyne Co.\\nIn 1868, the paper was sold to H. C. Buffington,\\nunder whose management the name and politics\\nremained unchanged. Mr. Campbell later removed\\nto Minneapolis, Minn., where he still resides. He\\nwas a practical printer and formerly worked on the\\nLockport (N. Y.) Democrat.\\nMr. Buffington continued the publication of the\\nRepublican until September of 1875, when it was\\npurchased by Richard Holmes and C. J. Greenleaf\\nMr. Holmes was a practical printer of many years\\nexperience, he having once owned half-interest in the\\nLa Porte (Ind.) Herald, and he had also served Mr.\\nBuffington some years as foreman of the office. Mr.\\nGreenleaf had been a .resident of the village some\\nyears, and had acquired a local repute as a writer of\\nsome ability.\\nAbout a year after Mr. Buffington had retired from\\nthe Republican, he again entered the newspaper field\\nby the purchase of the Van Buren County Republican,\\nlocated at Decatur. By the influence of influential\\npoliticians, he was appointed Consul at Chatham, Can.,\\nwhich office he still holds. Under the management of\\nHolmes Greenleaf, the Republican paid much atten-\\ntion to purely local matters, and was fairly successful.\\nIn August, 1880, Mr. Holmes disposed of his interest\\nin the office to his partner, and in the next month Mr.\\nGreenleaf sold the office to Mr. R. N. Kellogg, of\\nEllsworth, Kan. Of the former proprietors, Mr.\\nHolmes formed a co-partnership with Mr. Kellogg,\\nunder the firm name of Kellogg k Holmes, but soon\\nretired, and again resumed work before the case as\\nforeman of an office. Mr. Greenleaf turned his\\nwhole attention to the photographic trade, in which he\\nhad been engaged many years. Mr. Kellogg had\\nbeen engaged for some years in the publication of\\nthe Ellsworth (Kan.) Times, but hearing of the lively\\nlittle city in Michigan, he sold out and determined to\\nlocate there. Under his management the name was\\nchanged from the Cass County Republican to the\\nDowagiac Republican, and the paper changed from a\\nseven-column folio to a six-column quarto. It has\\nrecently been changed back to a seven-celumn quarto.\\nI Mr. Buffington purchased the Van Buren Repub-\\nlican of Mr. W. M. Wooster, who then turned his\\neyes longingly on the journalistic field at Dowagiac.\\nHe therefore purchased the material of the Lawrence\\nAdvertiser, and removed it to Dowagiac. September\\nI 1, 1880, he issued the first number of the Dowagiac\\nTimes. The paper claimed to be independent in poli-\\ntics, but before the experiment became an assured\\nsuccess, Mr. Wooster met with a severe accident on\\nthe railroad, inflicting such injuries that he was forced\\nto abandon his work. On March 15, 1881, the mate-\\nrial and good will were purchased by Mr. A. M. Moon,\\nI of the Marcellus News. Mr. Moon had been pub-\\nlishing the Netvs for nearly four years, and, moving\\npart of the material to the Dowagiac office, he contin-\\nued the publication of the Times, changing its politics\\nfrom Independent to Democratic. Careful attention\\nis paid to local news, and the enterprise promises a\\nI fair degree of success. It is a five-column quarto in\\nsize.\\nI Among the more ephemeral ventures in the Dowa-\\ngiac journalistic field might be mentioned a paper\\ncalled the Herald, published by Samuel N. Gantt soon\\nafter the commencement of the rebellion. The sol-\\ndiers demanded its suppression, and its editor, deem-\\ning discretion the better part of valor, announced its\\nsuspension by order of Gen. Burnside.\\nThe Monitor, started in 1875 by C. W. Bailey,\\nhad a short and deservedly unsuccessful career of a\\nfew months only. The first daily ever issued here\\nwas, on Monday evening, April 22, 1861, by William\\nH. Campbell. Only a few numbers were issued.\\nNovember 11, 1879, Ward Brothers, of Port Huron,\\nstarted the Cass County Daily Netvs. It was a little\\nleaflet about 14x20 inches in size, and expired after a\\ntroubled existence of eighty-nine days.\\nEDWARDSBURG.\\nThe publication of a newspaper was commenced in\\nthis village, by M. M. Edminston, December 3, 1874.\\nIt was called the Edwardsburg Index, and the first\\nissue was printed in Mishawaka, Ind. This paper\\nwas suspended September 25, 1875, and the portable\\nproperty of the office, together with the proprietor,\\ndisappeared suddenly. The Index has been described\\nas neutral in politics and destitute of religion.\\nWilliam A. Shaw began the publication of the Ed-\\nwardsburg Argus October 5, 1875, and, not long\\nafter, H. B. Davis became its editor. He sold out to\\nF. M. Jerome. The paper continued to be neutral in\\npolitics until 1878, when Jerome formed a partnership\\nwith G. F. Bugbee, and it was made a supporter of\\nDemocracy. Dr. John B. Sweetland took charge", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nof the paper February 6, 1879, since which time it\\nhas been neutral in nothing, independent in every-\\nthing. It has been liberally sustained, both by sub-\\nscription and advertising patronage, and deservedly,\\nfor it has been a well-couducted local newspaper.\\nMARCELUJS.\\nThe first newspaper in this village was the Messen-\\nger, started, in 1874, by S. D. Perry. The paper was\\nnot remarkably successful, and the material used for\\nits printing and publication soon passed into the hands\\nof tiie Goodspeed Brothers, of Volinia. They re-\\nsumed the issuance of the paper, under the name of\\nthe Marcellus Standard, with R. C. Nash as manager.\\nThe Standard passed over to the silent majority of\\nlocal papers in August, 1876.\\nUpon July 13, 1879, A. M. Moon brought out the\\nfirst issue of the Marcellus News. It was established\\nas an independent journal, but, eight months later,\\nmade an organ of the Greenback party. In March,\\n1881, Mr. Moon removed to Dowagiac, taking the\\nmachinery and material of the News, and purchased\\nthe Dowagiac Times, which he has since conducted.\\nMr. Moon had quite a large experience in newspaper\\nmaking before coming to Cass County, having been\\nconnected with the Lawton (Mich.) Tribune, with the\\nBee Keepers Journal and Agriculturist, with his\\nfather, establishing Moon s Bee World at Rome, Ga.,\\nand holding a position, more recently, on the Bee\\nKeepers Journal, published by H. A. King, in New\\nYork.\\nThe Netvs, at present published in Marcellus, and\\na bright, newsy sheet, was established by C. C. Alli-\\nson, proprietor of the Cassopolis National Democrat,\\nupon December 24, 1881, and is now published by\\nMessrs. Allison Parker.\\nVANDALIA.\\nThe Vandalia Journal was first issued June 14,\\n1881, by William A. De Groot, an old and expe-\\nrienced printer, who had started a paper of the same\\nname at Constantine in 1876, and subsequently re-\\nmoved to White Pigeon, where he remained in busi-\\nness until coming here. The Vandalia Journal was\\nestablished as a six-column folio, and soon afterward\\nmade a five-column quarto.\\nCHAPTEE XVn.\\nTHE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD AND THE KENTUCKY\\nRAID.\\nThe two Lines of the Underground Kailroad which fi)rnied a .lunction\\nin Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Station Agents and tMiidnotors\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Their Methods-\\nSpies sent out from Kentucky Id lind liigitivc Slaves\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Kidnapers\\nfoiled in Calhoun County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Warniiik s sent by Friends to the Cass\\nCounty Colored Colonies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Raid cf the Kentucliians In August,\\n1847\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Incidents\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Raiders Plans frustrated by tlie Aboli-\\ntionists and other Friends\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Riot and Bloodshed narrowly Ks-\\ncaped\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Nigger Bill .Tones, the Baptist Minister and the Negro\\nBaby Excited Condition of the Public Mind Legal Pro-\\nceedings In Cassopolis\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Negroes discliarged from Custody and\\nSpirited away to Canada\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Suit against the Fugitives Friends by\\nthe KentucUians.\\nTHE so-called Kentucky raid, which grew out of\\nthe workings of the Underground Railroad,\\nwas a very unique and interesting episode in the his-\\ntory of Cass County, and one which produced some\\nfar-reaching results.\\nThe Underground Railroad, as it has been happily\\ncalled, from the dark, mysterious nature of its opera-\\ntions, was organized and carried on by a few hundred,\\nor perhaps thousands, of earnest philanthopists,\\nscattered through Ohio, Indiana, Illinois- and Michi-\\ngan. Its founders and operators were men who en-\\n1 tertained a firm conviction that human slavery was a\\nsin, and that it should, therefore, be combated. They\\nassisted many thousand fugitive slaves in their journey\\nj toward the north star and freedom. The railroad\\nj which afforded transportation to the poor blacks, was\\nI one of many ramifications, a vast system of routes,\\neach one of which exten,ded from some point on the\\nI border of the Slave States to the Canada line. Two\\nj of these routes, one from the Ohio River and the other\\nfrom the Mississippi, formed a junction in Cass County.\\nThe first of these was known as the Quaker line,\\nand the other as the Illinois line. Of the latter,\\nJohn Cross was the projector. It was put into opera-\\ntion in 1842. The Quaker line, so called because\\nI almost entirely managed by the Quaker settlers in\\nI Indiana and Michigan, was opened to travel prior to\\nj 1840. Every Quaker settlement along the line was\\na station. At all of them were afforded rest, refresh-\\nment and that retirement from publicity which was\\nalways grateful to the colored traveler.\\nIn Cass County, the houses of Ishmael Lee, Stephen\\nBogue, Zachariah Shugart and Josiah Osborn (all\\nQuakers), were stations of much importance. W. S.\\nElliott, conductor, brougiit fugitive slaves through to\\nthese men from L. P. Alexander, agent at Niles, and\\nthey were sent onward toward Canada by way of\\nFlowerfield, in St. Joseph County, and Schoolcraft,\\nin Kalamazoo County. William Wheeler was the\\nagent at the former, and Dr. Nathan M. Thomas at\\nthe latter station. William Jones, of Calvin, known\\nas Nigger Bill, and Wright Modlin, of Williams-", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "110\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nville, were famous nigger runners, and made fre-\\nquent trips to the Ohio River, and sometimes to\\nKentucky soil, for the purpose of assisting and guid-\\ning fugitives to freedom. The number of runaway\\nslaves who passed through Cass County, prior to\\n1848, and who were given aid in one way or another\\nby the Abolitionists, was probably not less than fifteen\\nhundred. Dr. Thomas, of Schoolcraft, estimated that\\nhe had assisted at least a thousand upon their way,\\nand he by no means received all who journeyed\\nthrough this county.\\nThe men engaged in nigger running, and those\\nwho gave the slaves food and shelter along the road\\nwere engaged in a business which made them amena-\\nble to law, and which placed their property, and even\\ntheir lives sometimes in jeopardy. Operations were,\\ntherefore, carried on with the utmost cunning and\\nstealth. The trains upon the Underground Railroad\\nwere usually run at night, and the human freight,\\nwhen unloaded at a station, was carefully concealed.\\nEach station agent knew the name of the next agent\\nahead of him, but was ignorant of the identity of the\\none behind, unless he learned it by accident. The\\nconductors, when applying for hospitality for their\\npassengers, either at regular stations, or occasional\\nstopping-places, to which they resorted in case of\\naccident on the road, invariably used as a password\\nthe query, Can you furnish entertainment for my-\\nself and another person The form of question\\nnever underwent the slightest change.\\nOften the owners of escaped slaves, or agents em-\\nployed by them, came through the country in search\\nof their property, and many amusing tales might be\\ntold of the manner in which they were sometimes\\nfoiled. Occasionally the fugitives were discovered,\\nand marched back to slavery ahead of their master s\\nAs time progressed, the slaves enjoyed greater im-\\nmunity from the danger of pursuit and recapture, and\\nmany of them finding occupation in Michigan, re-\\nmained here with friends, thinking that they would\\nbe nearly as safe as in Canada.\\nIn Cass County, in the beginning of the year 1847,\\nthere were at least fifty runaway slaves. The num-\\nber has been estimated as high as one hundred, but\\nthe former statement is nearer the truth. Most of\\nthem were in Penn and Calvin Townships, where\\nthe chief Quaker .settlements were located. All of\\nthe Quakers entertained Abolition sentiments, and\\nthere were many people in this vicinity who, as a\\nrule, sympathized with them. Another colony of\\ncolored people was formed in Calhoun County.\\nSome of the fugitives who had settled down in Cass\\nCounty owned small tracts of ground, for which they\\nwere about equally indebted to their own industry,\\nand the generosity of their white friends. All were\\nwilling to work and conducted themselves in an in-\\noffensive manner, gaining the respect of the people\\naround them. That they were not secure in their\\nnewly-found homes was soon made manifest. During\\nthe years 1846 and 1847, spies were sent out from\\nKentucky to hunt for fugitive slaves in various neigh-\\nborhoods in Ohio, Indiana and Michigan. One of\\nthem who came to Michigan, was in the employ of an\\nassociation of Bourbon County, Ky., planters, formed\\nfor the purpose of recovering their runaway slaves.\\nPerhaps no neighboroood in the whole South had\\nsuffered more losses than Bourbon County, and it so\\nhappened that a large proportion of the blacks who\\nhad colonized in Cass and Calhoun Counties, were\\nfrom that region.\\nEarly in 1847, a young man who gave his name as\\nCarpenter, arrived in Kalamazoo, and entered the\\nlaw office of Charles E. Stewart, for the alleged pur-\\npose of studying law. He represented himself as\\nfrom Worcester County, Mass., and professed to be a\\nstrong Abolitionist. He was in reality a spy sent\\nout by the planters of Bourbon County, Ky.\\nAfter remaining a short time in Mr. Stewart s\\noffice, and gaining some information in regard to the\\nlocation of the fugitives settlements, he started out to\\nvisit them, thus to obtain more minute and definite\\nknowledge. Still playing the role of the Yankee\\nAbolitionist, he went in turn to the Calhoun and Cass\\nCounty colonies, spending considerable time in each.\\nAdopting the shrewd device of canvassing for Eastern\\nAbolition journals, he readily obtained admission and\\nhospitable entertainment at the houses of the Quakers\\nand other friends of the negro, and easily received\\nsuch information as he desired. He ascertained the\\nnumber and the exact location of the fugitives, and\\nthe places from which they had emigrated in Ken-\\ntucky.\\nNot long after his visit to Calhoun County a party\\nof Kentuckians, led by one Francis Trautman, ap-\\npeared there and endeavored to kidnap the Crosswhite\\nfamily, former slaves. In this they were foiled by\\nthe neighbors who came to the defense of the negroes\\nsome two hundred strong. The slave-hunters returned\\nto Kentucky, and great excitement was aroused by\\nthe tales which they told of the Abolition outrage. In-\\ndignation meetings were held and a memorial presented\\nto the State Legislature setting forth in vigorous lan-\\nguage the wrongs which the would-be kidnapers* and\\nthe owners of the slaves had suffered. An appropriation\\nThe term kidnapers haa been commonly used in Michigan s an appetla\\ntion for the KentucltianB and appears; frecniently in this chapter, but as a mattel\\nof fact they were not in the eye of the United Slates law liidnapers at all\\nbut simply men engaged in the recovery of their legal property.\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY,. MICHIGAN.\\nIll\\nwas made by the State to aid her citizens in seeking re-\\ndress. Suit was brought by the owners of the slaves\\nagainst a number of the leading citizens of Calhoun\\nCounty to recover the value of their chattels and\\ndamages because of riot. The parties made defendants\\nto the suit were Dr. 0. C. Comstock, Charles T.\\nGorham (late United States Minister to the Hague)\\nand Jarvis Hurd, they being among the crowd as-\\nsembled on the occasion of the alleged riot, who were\\nknown to be responsible financially. The first trial\\nresulted in a divided jury, and the second, which\\ncame off in 1848, in a verdict against the defendants\\nfor $1,900 and costs. The late Zachariah Chandler\\nwas brought into political prominence indirectly by\\nthis suit. He headed a subscription paper with\\n$100 and succeeded in raising (principally in Detroit)\\nthe amount which the defendants were required to\\npay. His activity did much to make him popular\\namong the people who afterward gave him their suf-\\nfrages.\\nBefore the Calhoun County riot case was brought to\\na conclusion in the courts, another and similar one\\nwas commenced that which grew out of the Ken-\\ntucky raid in Cass County.\\nA party of thirteen Kentuckians driving fine hores\\nattached to comfortable covered wagons, arrived in\\nMichigan about the 1st of August, 1847. They\\nmade their first stop at Battle Creek, took lodgings at\\nthe hotel, and representing themselves to be engaged\\nin vending some kind of domestic machinery, made\\nexcursions into the country, ostensibly to conduct busi-\\nness with the farmers There were a number of fugi-\\ntive slaves living in the vicinity of Battle Creek, and\\nthe Kentuckians had doubtless gone there to capture\\nthem. Before their plans were perfected, however,\\ntheir mission was discovered. Erastus Hussey, gath-\\nering the strangers in the village tavern, told them\\nthat the citizens knew them to be slave-hunters and\\nthat they must depart immediately from the town and\\nits neighborhood. He further informed them that the\\npeople would not allow any of the negroes there to be\\nreturned into slavery, and intimated that those who\\ncontemplated seizing them for that purpose, were en-\\ndangering themselves by longer remaining in the\\nvicinity. The Kentuckians left.\\nImmediately after their departure, Mr. Hussey,\\nconceiving that they would visit the Cass County\\nnegro settlements, dispatched letters to Stephen Bogue\\nand Zachariah Shugart, to put them on their guard\\nagainst the invasion. It transpired subsequently that\\nMr. Hussey s kind intention failed in its object, be-\\ncause of the slowness of the mails. Another warning,\\nwhich had its source in Kentucky, also arrived too\\nlate. It was forwarded through the efl ortsof the late\\nLevi Coffin, the reputed President of the Under-\\nground Railroad, who, in his Reminiscences, has\\ntold the story as follows\\nSlaves often have friends living in Slave\\nStates people whose principles are unknown to the\\nslaveholders. One of this class, a man living in\\nthe neighborhood of the Kentucky slaveholders, became\\napprised of all their plans for capturing the fugitives\\nin Michigan, but was misinformed in regard to the\\ntime they were to start. He wrote to a confidential\\nfriend in Cincinnati, informing him of all the plans of\\nthe raiders, but stated the time of their starting incor-\\nrectly they started several days earlier. His friend\\ncame directly to me, and gave me all the information\\nhe had received. I at once set about to intercept their\\nplans. I was well acquainted at Young s Prairie,\\nMich. There was a settlement of friends there, many\\nof whom had emigrated from Wayne County, Ind.,\\nand were among the early settlers of the neighbor-\\nhood. Some had formerly been my neighbors in Ind-\\niana. I had been at Young s Prairie and visited sev-\\neral of the families of fugitives in that settlement.\\nFriends had established a school among them, and\\nthey seemed to be prospering. I decided to send a\\nmessenger at once to apprise them and their friends of\\nthe danger. At that day, letters were often eight or\\nten days in reaching Young s Prairie, and I knew it\\nwould not do to risk sending a message by mail it\\nwould not reach them in time.\\nA young man then boarding with us, an active\\nand energetic Abolitionist, volunteered to go if his\\nexpen.ses were paid. I agreed to pay his expenses,\\nand started him at once. As there were no railroads\\nor stage lines then, we had to depend on private con-\\nveyance for the journey. I gave the young man let-\\nters to my friends in the various neighborhoods in\\nIndiana, through which he would pass, requesting\\nthem to furnish him with fresh horses on the stages of\\nhis journey. This was promptly done on his way\\nthrough Wayne, Randolph and Grant Counties, Ind.,\\nand greatly facilitated his journey to Michigan. But\\nhis laborious effort proved too late; the raid was\\nover.\\nBut to return to the Kentuckians. Upon leaving\\nBattle Creek they had driven southward into Indiana,\\nand rendezvoused at Bristol. After remaining there\\na day or so, they moved northward after nightfall into\\nCass County, entering Porter Township, and travers-\\ning it until they reached a point near the southeast\\ncorner of Calvin, where a halt was made. It was\\ntheir intention to kidnap the negroes in Calvin and\\nPenn, and retreat as quickly as possible to Bristol.\\nThey had in their possession, as was afterward ascer-\\ntained, very accurately drawn maps upon which the", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "112\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nhouses which sheltered the fugitives were carefully\\ndesignated. These had undoubtedly been made by\\nCarpenter, the spy. They had little difficulty in fol-\\nlowing the roads which the maps exhibited, and made\\ntheir way quietly and without being observed, to the\\nvicinity of Josiah Osborn s dwelling, near the east\\nline of Calvin (Section 24). Their wagons had been\\nleft two miles down the road where the party had\\nhalted, and they were thus enabled to proceed more\\nrapidly and more stealthily. At Osborn s, several of\\nthe raiders stopped, but the larger number pushed on\\nto the other localities in which they knew their human\\nchattels were to be found. The plan was to divide,\\nseize them as nearly simultaneously as was possible,\\nhasten back to Osborn s, join the men left there, pro-\\nceed together to the point where the wagons were left,\\nand then drive rapidly southward a -little over three\\nmiles and cross the Indiana line. But the best laid\\nplans of mice and men gang aft aglee.\\nSeveral months before the time of which we write,\\na family of five fugitive slaves, tired, foot-sore and sick,\\nhad arrived at Mr. Osborn s, on their way to Canada,\\nand had been allowed to stop and rest. Subsequently,\\nas they were satisfied to remain, thinking they had\\ntraveled far enough north to be safe, they had been\\ngiven employment on the farm. The family consisted\\nof an old man, his wife, two sons and a daughter.\\nThey occupied a small house, a few rods from the one\\nin which the Osborn family lived. The three males\\nof this slave family were the first persons captured by\\nthe raiders. They were seized and handcuffed in bed,\\nmaking little or no resistance. The mother and\\ndaughter escaped by jumping from a window and\\nconcealing themselves. The men, manacled together,\\nwere marched out to the road. Josiah Osborn imme-\\ndiately sent out messengers, who apprised the farmers\\nin the neighborhood of the capture, and, in an almost\\nincredible short time, a large and excited company\\nhad gathered at his house.\\nThe party who made the arrest at Osborn s had in-\\ntended to await the return of their comrades from\\nYoung s Prairie, but finding themselves surrounded\\nby a throng of angry and threatening men, among\\nthem some free negroes, they became uneasy. They\\nwere annoyed, too, by the delay of their friends, and,\\nas the night wore away and they did not return, were\\nfilled with apprehension that they had met with the\\nsame kind of trouble experienced by themselves.\\nAfter anxious consultation, they moved off to the\\nnorthward, with their three captives, closely followed\\nby the crowd of men and boys who had assembled\\nabout them.\\nIn the meantime, the other company of slave hunt-\\ners had made captures in Penn Township, and met\\nwith a reception similar to that of the party at Os-\\nborn s.\\nThey went first to the East settlement in Calvin,\\nwhere William East and several sons, all members of\\nthe Society of Friend-, had their residence. Here\\nthey captured three men, a woman and a child. The\\nraiders were resisted by one of the male slaves, but\\nthey battered dowa the door of his cabin and over-\\npowered him. They found lying upon the bed a\\nchild about two years old, which one of the Kentuck-\\nians, the Rev. A. Stevens, a Baptist minister, claimed\\nas his property. He was the owner of the mother,\\nand although the child had been born on free soil, it\\nwas his, according to the principle of slave law, which\\ndeclared that a child followed the condition of its\\nmother. The mother had made her escape when the\\ncabin was attacked and could not be found. But the\\nRev. Mr. Stevens secured her by a stratagem. Tak-\\ning the babe in his arms and making it cry, he started\\ntoward the road. The voice of the infant reached the\\nmother, as was intended, and emerging from her hid-\\ning place she was made a captive.\\nThe raiders went next to the neighborhood of Zach-\\nariah Shugart s house, which stood where A^ andalia\\nnow is. One of the families of fugitives who lived\\nhere had leased a piece of land of Mr. Shugart, built a\\nsnug cabin upon it and were prospering finely. The\\ncabin was approached stealthily and suddenly entered.\\nA negro man was seized but his wife made her\\nescape unobserved through a window. She ran to\\nZachariah Shugart s, aroused the family, gave the\\nalarm and then secreted herself and managed to es-\\ncape capture.\\nImmediately upon being informed of the raid by\\nthe slave woman, Shugart mounted his horse and rode\\nas fast as he could to the house of Stephen Bogue,\\nwho lived about two miles west. Bogue had a very\\nfleet horse, which he saddled and rode at its utmost\\nspeed to Cassopolis, to give the alarm and to have the\\nproceedings of the kidnapers arrested.\\nPassing ou to Stephen Bogue a, the party secured\\na man who lived in a cabin upon his farm. Here\\nthey met with determined and vigorous resistance.\\nThe door of the cabin was securely fastened. The\\nnegro s master demanded admittance, but his voice\\nwas recognized and the occupant of the cabin refused\\nto throw open the door. It was soon battered down,\\nhowever, and the black man overpowered, though he\\nfought stoutly against his enemy. The blow which\\nfinally prostrated him was dealt with the butt-end of\\na heavy riding whip and it cut a terrible gash through\\nhis ear and across the side of his head.\\nThe company of raiders now turned southward to\\neffect a retreat into Indiana. A crowd of excited", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN\\n113\\nmen gathered about and followed tliem. The night\\nwas liow nearly gone. The alarna had been spread with\\namazing swiftness, and the throng rapidly increased\\nin numbers. At Odell s Mill, a short distance south\\nof the site of Vandalia, the company from the prairie\\nwith its undesired escort of Abolitionists, met the party\\nwho had kidnaped the negroes from Osborn s and\\nthe East settlement. About the same time and just\\nas daylight came on, a large number of people from\\nCassopolis, to whom Stephen Bogue had carried the\\nnews, arrived upon the scene. Their leader was\\nMoses Brown, a powerfully built blacksmith, and as\\nstaunch an Abolitionist as any in the land. Nigger\\nBill .Jones was also present and several other resolute\\ncharacters.\\nThe Kentuckians were now given to understand\\nthat they could not proceed further southward, unless\\nthey went without the negroes. They were all armed\\nwith pistols and bow^ie knives. Nearly every man\\namong their opponents had a stout club in his hand,\\nand tliere were doubtless some other weapons carried\\nless conspicuously. Angry words were exchanged,\\nviolent threats made, and it was evident that a feeling\\nexisted which might become- uncontrollable. A battle\\nwas imminent, and might at any moment have been\\nprecipitated by a single act of violence. But there\\nwere many Quakers present men like the Orsborns,\\nBogues, Shugarts and Easts, and their wise counsel\\nthat only peaceable and lawful measures should be em-\\nployed to attain the desired end, finally triumphed\\nover the sanguinary spirit exhibited by the larger\\npart of the mob.\\nIt was agreed, after much discusssion, that the\\nKentuckians should go to the county seat, submit\\ntheir case to a Justice of the Peace, and prove their\\nproperty, as the law required.\\nNigger Bill Jones particularly distinguished\\nhimself during the excited conference at Odell s Mill,\\nand upon the march to Cassopolis. It is said that he\\ndextrously disarmed a man who drew a pistol and\\nthreatened to shoot him, and several other similar\\nacts are reported of which he was the hero. Soon\\nafter the motley crowd started from Odell s Mill,\\nJones compelled Hubbard Buckner, one of the Ken-\\ntuckians, to dismount from his horse in order that one\\nof the negroes taken at Osborn s, who was sick, might\\nride. Having thus unhorsed one of the enemy,\\nJones playfully slipped the shackle which had bound\\nthe negro s wrist upon his own. It closed with a\\nsnap, and could not again be opened, the key being\\nlost. Consequently the wearer trudged along the\\nroad manacled to the remaining one of the original\\npair of chained chattels. The Rev. A. Stevens was\\ncompelled to carry the babe which he had captured.\\nAbout 9 o clock in the morning, the strange pro-\\ncession entered Cassopolis. It was composed of thir-\\nteen Kentuckians, their nine shackled captives and a\\ncrowd of at least three hundred citizens. During the\\ntime that had elapsed between the bringing of the\\nnews and the arrival of the concourse in town, it had\\nbeen constantly increasing in size, by reason of the\\naddition of various small parties met upon the road\\nami merged in its mass.\\nIn Cassopolis, the utmost excitement prevailed.\\nThe public square was thronged with people, the ma-\\njority of whom, though not Abolitionists, sympathized\\nwith the negroes and plainly indicated their intense\\ndisapprobation of the Kentuckians.\\nThe slaves were soon conducted to Joshua Bar-\\nnum s tavern and a guard stationed at the door of the\\nroom they occupied.\\nThe Kentuckians had not been long in Cassopolis\\nbefore they secured the services of George B. Turner,\\nat that time a young man and only the year before\\nadmitted to the bar. He told them very frankly that\\nalthough the law was up on their side, it would be almost\\nan absolute impossibility even if an order was secured\\nfrom any court in Cass County, remanding their\\nslaves, to take them from the county. Mr. Turner\\noffered nevertheless to take every legal step which\\nwas possible, and he did so.\\nPreparations were made to prove the ownership of\\nthe slaves and to recover possession of them, a writ of\\nrestitution being applied for before D. M. Howell, Jus-\\ntice of the Peace, under provisions of the law of 1793.\\nEzekielS. Smith, Esq., and James Sullivan, Esq., ap-\\npeared on behalf of the fugitives and obtained an ad-\\njournment of the case for three days.\\nSheriff Barak Mead immediately after the adjourn-\\nment was secured served a writ upon all of the Ken-\\ntuckians (except one Graves, whom the defense had in\\nhiding) for kidnaping, arrested four of them on\\nthe charge of trespassing upon the premises of Josiah\\nOsborn, and one upon the charge of assault and bat-\\ntery. Theirbail was fixed by Justice Howell at $2,600,\\nand Asa Kingsbury, Amos Dow and Daniel Mc-\\nintosh were accepted as sureties for the amount. The\\nnames of the raiders which have been preserved, in\\nthe memory of old residents, are nine in number, as\\nfollows Rev. A. Stevens, Hubbard Buckner, C.\\nB. Rust, John L. Graves (Sheriff of Bourbon County),\\nJames Scott, G. W. Brazier, Thornton Timberlake,\\nBristow and Lemon.\\nA. H. Redfield, Esq., who was at that time Circuit\\nCourt Commissioner of Cass County being absent, the\\nfriends of the fugitives sent to Niles to secure a writ\\nof hahe.ax corpus, under which tiiey might take them\\nto Berrien County. -James Brown, Esq., of Niles,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "114\\nHISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nvolunteered his services as assistant counsel for the\\nfugitives, with Messrs. Sullivan and Smith, and ad-\\nvised Mr. Mcllvain that he might legally go to Cass\\nCounty to try the case. He accordingly did so, and\\na writ of habeas corpus was sworn out, which required\\nthe Kentuckians to show cause why the alleged slaves\\nshould not be discharged from custody. The Com-\\nmissioner heard the case on Monday, and decided ad-\\nversely to the Kentuckians. Mr. Turner, their law-\\nyer, offered, first, the statutes of the State of Kentucky,\\nwhich included the State and National Constitutions,\\nas evidence that the institution of slavery existed in\\nthat State, and argued that the Commissioner, as well\\nas all the courts. State and National, were bound to\\nnotice judicially the existence of slavery in the States\\nwhere it was recognized by the Constitution or laws\\nof the United States. Upon this latter point, he\\nmade his strongest argument, but upon both was over-\\nruled by the Commissioner. In this connection, it\\nmay not be amiss to state that Mr. Turner offered\\noral testimony, as well as documentary evidence from\\ncourts of record in Kentucky, to show that slavery\\nhad a legal existence in that State, but he was, on all\\npoints, overruled. Mr. Turner then boldly charged\\nthe Commissioner with illegal and corrupt rulings;\\namongst other things, that he had no jurisdiction of\\nthe case and came to the county as the willing tool\\nof men bent on violating the laws of the State and\\nthe United States. It was generally acknowledged\\nthat Mr. Mcllvain did not have jurisdiction in Cass\\nCounty, and it was afterward so held by the United\\nStates District Court at Detroit, and further held that\\neven if the Commissioner had jurisdiction, he was\\nbound to recognize, officially, the existence of slavery\\nas a legal institution in States where recognized by\\nthe laws of the United States. But the Commission-\\ner s decision nevertheless liberated the nine fugitives.\\nThey were immediately taken to the house of Ishmael\\nLee, a mile south of Cassopolis, and a few days later,\\nwith more than forty others, left for Canada on a train\\nof the Underground Railroad, of which Zachariah\\nShugart was conductor.\\nThree days had elapsed between the time the raiders\\narrived in Cassopolis and the day when Commissioner\\nMcllvain rendered decision against them. During\\nthose three days, they had been angered almost be-\\nyond endurance by colloquys with various citizens,\\nand several times personal encounters seemed immi-\\nnent; but disgraceful scenes of that kind were, hap-\\npily, averted. When the Circuit Court Commission-\\ner s decision was rendered, and the fugitives renloved,\\nthere was no longer any object in prosecuting the\\nraiders, and the suits against them were dropped.\\nThey were crestfallen at the turn affairs had taken,\\nand their only recourse was to bring suit for recov-\\nery of the value of the slaves against citizen^ who\\nwere financially responsible, and this they made prep-\\narations to do. In the meantime, a single and small\\ngrain of comfort was left them. A runaway slave,\\nwhom one of them claimed as his property, had been\\nconvicted of some petty crime a short time before the\\nraid was made, and, being unable to pay the fine im-\\nposed upon him, was serving out a sentence in the\\ncounty jail. This man, at least, the Kentuckians\\nthought they had secure. He certainly could not be\\nspirited away to Canada. But lo when they looked\\nfor him at the jail, he was gone. Some ardent Ab-\\nolitionist had paid his fine and set him free.\\nAn incident of some interest, the particulars of\\nwhich have never yet been related in print, occurred\\njust after the Kentuckians started from Cassopolis\\nupon their return South. They were preceded upon\\nthe road by Josiah Osborn, who was going to his home\\nin Calvin and that was a very fortunate circumstance\\nindeed for the Kentuckians. Osborn had gone but\\na little way along the road in Calvin, when he espied\\nfour negroes in a cornfield. They were armed with\\nrifles, and a little questioning revealed the fact that\\nthey were lying in ambush for the purpose of firing\\nupon the slaveholders, whom they knew must soon\\npass by. They expressed a very firm determination\\nto carry out their design, and were laboring under\\nconsiderable excitement. It required all of the good\\nQuaker s power of argument and his most earnest\\nprotestation to prevail upon them to desist from their\\nmurderous purposes, but they finally promised to do\\nso and dispersed. A half hour later the raiders passed\\nsafely by the spot where, but for Osborn s lucky dis-\\ncovery, some of them must inevitably have met with\\ndeath. The negroes afterward denied that they had\\nintended to take life, but said their plan was for each\\nof them to take such aim as to break a man s leg and\\nkill the horse he rode. Then they intended to make\\ntheir escape to Canada. They said they wanted to\\ngive the slaveholders something to remember Michi-\\ngan by, and it is altogether probably that their\\nbitter hatred would have led them to shoot in such\\nmanner as to kill instead of wound their victims.\\nIn February, 1848, the Kentuckians brought suit\\nto recover the value of their slaves, in the United\\nStates Circuit Court, at Detroit. The defendants\\nwere D. T. Nicholson, Stephen Bogue, Josiah Osborn,\\nIshmael Lee, Zachariah Shugart, Jefferson Osborn,\\nWilliam Jones and Ebenezer Mcllvain. Abner Pratt,\\nof Marshall, and Francis Trautman (the Kentuckian\\nwho acted as leader in the Calhoun County raid) ap-\\npeared in behalf of the plaintiffs, and Jacob M. How-\\nard, of Detroit (afterward United States Senator)", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nJames L. Jerneygan, of South Bend, Ind., and Eze-\\nkiel S. Smith, were the attorneys for defendants, the\\nlast named being the attorney of record.\\nThe case was continued several times, and finally\\ncame to trial in the latter part of 1850. In January,\\n1851, it was concluded, the jury disagreeing. The\\nprincipal witness for the prosecution, Jonathan Cruise,\\nof South Bend, was arrested on the charge of perjury\\nas soon as he left the stand, and the jury before which\\nhe was tried, stood nine to three for his conviction.\\nAt the disagreement of the jury, D. T. Nicholson\\npaid th% sum of $1,000 to clear himself and Ishmael\\nLee. This virtually settled the cause of the Ken-\\ntucky slave-owners against the Michigan Abolitionists.\\nThe total costs of the case, which amounted to about\\n$3,000, were borne by the several defendants, Nichol-\\nson included. The number of witnesses subpoenaed by\\nboth sides was somewhere from forty to fifty, and\\nmany depositions were taken, especially by the plaint-\\niffs. The witnesses for the defense charged, as a\\nrule, only the amount of their actual expenses. Had\\nthey received the legal fees, the costs of the suit would\\nhave been much larger.\\nThe sum of $1,000 paid by Mr. Nicholson, was ac-\\ncording to rumor, appropriated by Abner Pratt, Esq., as\\nhis fee in the case, and the slave-owners never received\\nany portion of it. And so ended, as far as the Cas* County\\npeople were immediately interested, tliis celebrated\\ncase. The Kentucky raid, however, had other effects\\nthan those locally observable. With the Van Zant case\\nin Ohio, it had a strong bearing upon the passage of\\nthe fugitive slave law of 1850, which, in turn, brought\\nslavery into a more pronounced position as a political\\nissue, and powerfully influenced in one way or another\\nall subsequent legislation upon the peculiar institu-\\ntion.\\nCHAPTER XVIIT.\\nCASS COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.\\nThe First ompany of Soldiers raised in tlie County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Its Organization\\nAttaelied to tlie Forty-second liiinois Infantry\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Brief History of\\ntliat Keginient\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Koster of tlie Officers and Men of the Forty-\\nsecond, from (ass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Other Full Companies from the County\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094The Sixth Michigan Infantry\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Brief Histories of the Twelfth and\\nNineteenth Infantry -Kegiments, with Koster of Men from Cass\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe First Michigan Cavalry.\\nrpiHE first demonstration made in Cass County\\n-L toward taking a part in the armed protection of\\nthe .Union, was made at Dowagiac by the Cass County\\nGuards, upon the 22d of April, 18G1, at which time\\nthey elected officers, voted to drill every Saturday\\nafternoon until accepted in the service of the State,\\nand passed a resolution in favor of publishing the pro-\\nceedings of their meetings in the Dowagiac Daily\\nUnion and other papers in tlie county friendly to the\\nstars and stripes. The officers elected were Cap-\\ntain, D. McOmber; First Lieutenant, W. N. S.\\nTownsend Second Lieutenant, N. H. De Foe.\\nThe remainder of the officers chosen were as follows\\nL. Andrews, First Sergeant L. Roberts, Second\\nSergeant James Wiley, Third Sergeant Joseph\\nJohnson, Fourth Sergeant; L. H. Barney, First\\nCorporal; Charles Root, Second Corporal; B. F.\\nGriffin, Third Corporal; Edward Herson, Fourth\\nCorporal.\\nThis company singularly enough became a portion\\nof an Illinois regiment. The company was re-organ-\\nized upon the 18th of May, but without essential\\nchange of officers, and was then the twenty-seventh\\ncompany organized in the State. They remained in\\nbarracks at Dowagiac six weeks were assigned to\\nthe Fourth Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry,\\nwhich was in process of formation at Adrian subse-\\nquently changed to the Sixth, and before they could\\nreport, the officers were ordered to Detroit for military\\nschooling, and the privates ordered to disperse. An\\neffort was made to have these orders rescinded, but it\\nwas unavailing, and refusing to comply with the Gov-\\nernor s requirements, the members of the company,\\nby a unanimous vote, decided to proffer themselves for\\nenlistment in the Douglas Brigade, then organizing\\nin Chicago. This brigade was not accepted until\\nafter the first battle of Bull Run, and the company,\\nwhich had gone to Chicago in June, had returned\\nhome; but upon the 26th of July, 1861, they were\\nmustered in at Dowagiac by Capt. Webb, United\\nStates Mustering Officer, as Company E, of the\\nForty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and left for\\nChicago, where they remained ten weeks.\\nWe herewith present a condensed history of the\\nregiment\\nTHE FORTY-SECOND ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.!\\nj This regiment was mustered into service at Chi-\\nI cago, 111., July 22, 1861. Its first movement was\\nto St. Louis, Mo., September 21, 1861. October\\n18, it arrived at Tipton, Mo., and was assigned to\\nCol. Palmer s brigade. October 25, it was at War-\\nsaw, fro n whence it moved, November 1, to Spring-\\nfield, arriving there November 4, after a march of\\nninety-seven miles. December 13, they went into\\nwinter ([uarters at Smithton, Mo., where they re-\\nmained until February 3, 1862, when they marched\\nto St. Charles, Mo. February 20, they were at Fort\\nHolt, Kentucky Columbus was occupied March 4,\\nand March 10 saw them on their way to Island No.\\n10, where they were engaged until its surrender,\\nI April 11, 1862, at which date they joined Gen. Pope s\\n\u00e2\u0099\u00a6Dowaulac Umly Union, A|)rirz4, 18111.\\n1 t From report of the A^jutint Uonentl uf [lllnoirt.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\narmy, and moved to Fort Pillow the 14th. Hamburg,\\nTenn., was the next point in the march, arriving\\nthere April 22. They were engaged at the siege of\\nCorinth, Miss. May 19, 1862, we find them engaged\\nin battle at Farmington, Miss., where the regiment\\nlost two killed, twelve wounded, and three missing.\\nAfter this fight, they were in the advance, in pursuit\\nof the rebel army, under Beauregard. From July\\n25 to September 3, they were occupying Courtland,\\nAla., when they left for Nashville, Tenn., at which\\nplace they arrived September 13, having had on their\\nmarch a battle at Columbia, Tenn., in which they lost\\none man.\\nThey were in Nashville during the siege, and on\\nDecember 20, 1862, marched out on the Nolensville\\npike six miles. December 16, engaged in the Mur-\\nfreesboro campaign. December 31, 1862, they were\\nin the battle of Stone River, losing 22 killed, 116\\nwounded, and 85 prisoners.\\nMarch 5, 1863, engaged in the pursuit of Van\\nDorn to Columbia, returning to camp at Murfrees-\\nboro the 14th entered upon the Tullahoma campaign\\nJune 24 camped at Bridgeport, Ala., July 31.\\nSeptember 2, engaged in the Chattanooga campaign.\\nMarched to Alpine, Ga., thence to Trenton, and\\ncrossed Lookout Mountain was in the battle of\\nChickamauga, Ga., losing 28 killed, 128 wounded,\\nand 28 prisoners, and retreated to Chattanooga. At\\nthe battle of Mission Ridge, November 28, 1863, the\\nForty-second was on the skirmish line during the\\nwhole engagement, losing 5 killed and 40 wounded.\\nPursued the enemy to Chickamauga Creek and re-\\nturned.\\nThe East Tennessee campaign was entered upon\\nNovember 28, 1863. December 27, 1863, camped\\nat Stone s Mill.\\nJanuary 1, 1864, the regiment re-enlisted and be-\\ncame a veteran volunteer organization. Dandridge\\nwas the next point, arriving there January 15. Feb-\\nruary 2, arrived at Chattanooga. February 21,\\nmoved by rail for Chicago. March 2, the men re-\\nceived a thirty days furlough, returning April 2, and\\narriving in Chattanooga April 27, 1864. May 3,\\nthey began the Atlanta campaign and were engaged\\nin battles at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Adairs-\\nville. New Hope Church, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw\\nMountain, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Jonesboro and\\nLovejoy Station, encamping at Atlanta September 8.\\nTotal loss of the campaign, 20 killed, 89 wounded\\nand 7 prisoners.\\nMoved, September 25, by rail, to Bridgeport, Ala.,\\nand to Chattanooga October 19 then marched to Al-\\npine, Ga., and returned October 30.\\nMoved, by rail, to Athens, Ala., then marched to\\nPulaski, Tenn., arriving there November 5. Began\\nretreating for Nashville November 22, 1864, and on\\nthe march fighting the rebels at Spring Hill and\\nFranklin, and losing 24 killed, 95 wounded, and 30\\nprisoners. Arrived at Nashville December 1. The\\nbattle of Nashville occurring the 15th and 16th, the\\nregiment engaged and lost 2 killed and 11 wounded\\nthen pursued the enemy eighty-two miles, and camped\\nat Lexington, Ala.. December 31, 1864. January 6,\\n1865, they were in Decatur, Ala., remaining there-\\nuntil April 1, 1865. They went to Nashville, going\\nthrough Bull s Gap and Blue Springs. June 15,\\n1865, they went by rail to Johnsonville, Tenn., and\\nthence by water to New Orleans. July 18, they pro-\\nceeded to Port Lavaca, Tex and went on post duty.\\nDecember 16, 1865, they mustered out and left In-\\ndianola, Tex., the 20th. Left New Orleans the 24th\\nand arrived at Camp Butler January 3, 1866. Janu-\\nary 10, 1866, received final payment and discharge.\\nCompany E.\\nCapt. Daniel McOmber, Uowagiac.\\nCapt. William H. Colburn, Silver Creek; com. April 11, 1865;\\nm. 0. Dec. IG, I860; 1st Lieut. May 17, 1864; Sergt. vet.\\nJan. 1, 1864 Corp., July 26, 1861.\\nFirst Lieut. William H. Clark, Dowagiao, May 17, 1864; declined\\ncoin.\\nSecond Lieut. Nathan H. DeFoe, Uowagiac, Jan. 22, 1861 res.\\nMayjl, 1862.\\nFirst Sergt. William T. Codding, Dowagiac, July 22, 1861 m. 0.\\n.Sept. 16, 1864.\\nSergt. Jehiel Hall, Dowagiac, July 23, 1861 killed at Stone\\nRiver Dec. 31, 1862.\\nSergt. Cyrus Phillips, Dowagiao, July 22, 1861 vet. Jan. 1, 1864\\nprom. 1st Lieut. Co. F.\\nSergt. Leonard H. Norton, La Grange, Aug. 10, 1861 vet. Jan.\\n1, 1864 died of wounds March 5, 1864.\\nCorp. William H. Colburn, Silver Creek, July 26, 1861 vet. Jan.\\n1 1 864 prom. Ist Lieut, from Sergt.\\nCorp. Asher Huff, Dowagiac, July 26, 1861 dis for clisahility\\nMarch V?., 1863.\\nCorp. Comfort P. Estes, Dowagiac, July 26, 1861; vet. Jan. 1,\\n1864; killed at Kenesaw June 18, 1864.\\nCorp. Christopher Harmon, Dowagiac, July 26, 1861 vet. Jan. 1,\\n1864 m. 0. Sergt. Dec. 16, 1865.\\nCorp. Theo. De Camp, Silver Creek, July 26, 1861 dis. for dis-\\nability March 11, 1863.\\nCorp. William H. Clark. Dowagiac, July 26, 1861: vet. Jan. 1,\\n1864; m. 0. as Sergt. May 28, 1865.\\nCorp. Victor Wallace, Dowagiao, July 26, 1861; vet. Jan. I,\\n1864; ra. 0. as Sergt. Dec. 16, 1865f\\nArnold, Desire, Silver Creek, July 26, 1861 killed at Stone\\nRiver Dec. 31, 1862.\\nBrownell, Lorenzo D., Dowagiac, July 26, 1861 dis. for dis-\\nability Nov. 18, 1862.\\nBarrack, Jonathan A., Calvin, Aug. 1, 1S61 dis. for disability\\nAug 17, 1862.\\nBurling, Robert G., I okagou, July 26, 1861 dis. for disability\\nOct. 24, 1862.\\nBragg, Gustavus, Pokagon, Aug. 7, 1861 died of wounds at Tren-\\nton, Ga., Sept. 10, 1863.\\nCaston, Hiram. Jefferson, July 26, 1861 ra. 0., wounded, Sept.\\n16, 1864.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUiXTY, MICHIGAN.\\nCone, Hulett, Dowagiae, Aug. 31, 1861 died at Park Barracks\\nKy., Nov. 6, 1862.\\nCalhoun, .\\\\lbert, Aug. -SO, IS61 died in rebel hogp., Wilniinglon.\\nN. C, March 5, 186-5.\\nDay, Lucius C, Dowagiae, .July JG, 1861 vet. .I.an. 1, 1864; m.\\n0. July 15, 1865.\\nFinehart, Daniel P., Pokagon, .luly 26, 1861 died Feb. 8, 1862.\\nFleming, James H., Volinia, Aug. 1^61; died of wounds at\\nAtlanta, Ga., Dec. 25, 1863.\\nHeath, Edward C, Pokagon, July 26, 1861 Corp. died Aug. 2;-!,\\n1862.\\nHill, James, Dowagiae. July 26, 1861; vet. .Ian. 1, 1864; m. o.\\nDee. 16, 1865.\\nHanna, Nathaniel L., Dowagiae, Aug. 10, 1861 dis. for disability,\\nMarch 27, 186,3.\\nHover, John B., Calvin, Aug. 21, 18fil vet. Jan. 1, 1864; prom.\\nPrin. Mus.\\nHiggins, George W., Dowagiae. July 26, 1861 dis. for disability\\nMarch 27, 1862.\\nHenderson, George H., Dowagiae, July 26, 1861 m. o. July 15,\\n186-5.\\nHitsman, Sidney, Dowagiae, July 26, 1861; vet. Jan. 1, 1864;\\nm. 0. Dec. 16, 1865.\\nHiggins, Daniel, Dowagiae, Aug. 1, 1861 dis. Dec. 5, 1862.\\nKrisher, John, Jr., Calvin, Sept. 9, 1861 vet. Jan. 1, 1864; m.\\no. Dec. 16, 1865.\\nLc on.ard, William, Cassopolis, July 26, 1861 vet. Jan. 1, 1864;\\nm. 0. Dec. 16, 1865.\\nLucas, Henry, Newburg, July 31, 1861 vet. Jan. 1, 1864; de-\\ntached at m. 0.\\nLewis, Edwin H., Cassopolis, July 26, 1861; vet. Jan. 1, 1864;\\ndis. for disability April 18, 1862.\\nMiller, William H. H., Calvin, .luly 26, 1861 vet. Jan. 1, 1864\\nkilled at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864.\\nMunger, Charles A., Dowagiae, .July 26, 1861 vet. Jan. 1, 1864;\\nprom. 1st Lieut, from Sergt.\\nMomany, Oliver F., Dowagiae, July 26, 1861; wounded; trans-\\nferred to Vet. Res. Corps Feb. 16, 1864.\\nMcDonald, Alva, Pokagon, Aug. 1, 1864; m. o. Oct. .3, 1864.\\nNorthrup, Adoniram, Calvin, Aug. 1, 1864; killed at Stone River\\nDec. 31, 1862.\\nNevill, John G., Dowagiae, Aug. 1, 1864; wounded; transferred\\nto Vet. Res. Corps April 16, 1864.\\nOrange, Andrew, Dowagiae, Aug. 10, 1861 dis. Dec. 5, 1862.\\nPeters, John, Calvin, Aug. 1, 1861 dis. for disability May 26,\\n1862.\\nPicrson, Bartley, Calvin, Aug. 1, 1861 dis. for disability .May 3,\\n1862.\\nCorp. Peter Rummels, Silver Creek, July 26, 1861 vet. Jan. 1,\\n1864; m. o. Dec. 16, 186.5.\\nRea, Albert W., Calvin, Aug. 1, 1861 vet. Jan. I, 1864; died of\\nwounds Dec. 15, 1861.\\nSpieer, George G., Dowagiae, July 26, 1861; vet. Jan. 1, 1864;\\nm. 0. Dec. 16, 1865.\\nShanafelt, Albert A., Dowagiae. July 26, 1861 m. o. Sept. 28,\\n1864.\\nShan.afelt, Herbert R., Dowagiae, July 26, 1861 died of wounds\\nColumbia, .S. C.\\nShearer, James H., Dowagiae, Aug. 1, 18 )1 died at Smithlon,\\nMo., Jan. 29, 1862.\\nStevens, Joseph H., Dowagiae, Aug. 1, 1861 died of wounds .luly\\n7, 1864.\\nStevenson, Zimri, Calvin, Aug. 1, 1861 vet. Jan. 1, 1864; ni. o.\\nDec. 16, 1865.\\nSturr, Joseph L., Calvin, Aug. 1, 1861 m. o. Sept. 18, 1864.\\nTillotson, John D., Calvin, Aug. 1, 1861 m. o. Dec. 16, 1.865.\\nTrenholm, Benjamin, Calvin, Sept. 9, 1861 m. o. .Sept. 16, 1864.\\nWorden, Amasa P. R., Dowagiae, July 26, 1861 died of wounds\\nApril 7, 1864.\\nRKCKHITS.\\nMorse, Abel S.., Silver eek dis for disability Aug. 15, 1861.\\nRow, Ferd. P., Silver Creek dis. for disability, Sept. 10, 1861.\\nStage, William, transferred to .Sappers and Miners Sept 5, 1861.\\nSIXTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY.\\nThe second company, organized in the County, was\\nCompany D of the Sixth Michigan Infantry. This\\ncompany was organized at Dowagiae, with Charles E.\\nClarke, as Captain Frederick J. Clarke, First Lieu-\\ntenant James Ellis, Second Lieutenant, and William\\nH. Gage, Orderly Sergeant. The Captain of the com-\\npany arose to the position of Colonel,* James Ellis to\\nthe rank of Captain, and Orderly Sergeant Gage to\\nthat of Lieutenant. First Lieutenant Clarke became\\nacting Captain, and was killed at Port Hudson. f\\nThe history of the Sixth Regiment is briefly as\\nfollows\\nIt was what was known as a camp instruction regi-\\nment; was oi ganized in the summer of 1861, and\\nwas rendezvoused at Kalamazoo. The commissioned\\nofficers were selected by the Governor, and they in\\nturn selected the non-commissioned officers of their re-\\nspective companies, and both commissioned and non-\\ncommissioned officers then went into a camp of instruc-\\ntion at Detroit, where they were thoroughly drilled\\nfor nearly two months. The regiment left Kalamazoo\\nfor the East, August -SO, 1861, with 944 men, and\\nremained in Baltimore for nearly six months on\\ngarrison duty. On February 22, 1862, the regiment\\nwent to Newport News (Fortress Monroe), and, on\\nthe 4th of March, left with other regiments for New\\nOrleans, embarking just in time to encounter a ter-\\nrific gale off Cape Hatteras. The Sixth was the first\\nUnion regiment which occupied New Orleans in the\\nday time (a few had entered in the night). On the\\n9th of May, the regiment, with its brigade, proceeded\\nup the Mississippi, taking possession of various\\nplaces, but meeting with no opposition until it arrived\\nat Warrenton, a small place near Vicksburg. The\\n\u00e2\u0099\u00a6Colonel Charles E. Clarke, formerly of Dowagiao, is a native of Lebanon,\\nConn. For several years prior to liis residence at Dowagiae, be was Captain of\\nBteiimboats on tlioOhio and MissiHsippi Riv,-r.^. Tn ilie summer of 1861, ho was\\n(afterwanl made Heavy Artilt.M i i. .^,,vi. pr,.iii .ti..ri.. h.-rjime its\\nColonel. Ho served with hi\u00c2\u00bbn _)Mi,i.l li.iiil. imil.-r Gens.\\nBiitlorandB:4nks, in the Low.-i M v. .inm iniril tl,,. |,riiM ipal part\\nCnpLi\\nregiii\\nI n was mustered out with bis\\nwas soon aftercommissioned\\nV I milk of M^Jor, conferred for\\nI i!i III rrgutar army, chiefly as com-\\n,it]i. ami was transferred to the retired\\nt (and Acting Captain) Frederick J. Clarke, wasa native of\\nof .Toseph B. (Jlarke and nephew ofOol. Charles E. Clarke.\\nburied in the National Militory i;emetory at Baton llouge.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "118\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nenemy was fortified there and refused to surrender.\\nThey were not dislodged, and on the 5th of June the j\\nbrigade returned to Baton Rouge, where they en- I\\ncamped the next day. On the 20th of July, six\\ncompanies of the regiment, in command of Col.\\nClark (T. S.), made a raid in the direction of Camp\\nMoore, sixty miles eastward of Baton Rouge, for the\\npurpose of capturing Charles M. Conrad, who had\\nbeen Secretary of War under President Fillmore, and\\na number of other rebels. At Benton s Ferry, a rebel\\nforce was encountered, and a running fight ensued.\\nOn August 5, while Baton Rouge was being heavily\\natttacked by the rebel forces under Breckinridge, the\\nregiment, then under command of Col. Charles E.\\nClarke, received and repulsed the principal attack,\\nwhich, had it been successful, would have resulted in\\nthe loss of a large quantity of artillery and stores.\\nThe loss of the regiment was twenty killed, forty-three\\nwounded and six missing. Capt. Clarke, Acting Lieu-\\ntenant Colonel, and Lieut. Clarke, were especially men-\\ntioned for meritorious action in the reports of their\\nsuperior officers. After the evacuation of Baton Rouge\\nby the Union forces on the 20th of August, 1862, the i\\nSixth was stationed at Mettarie Ridge, guarding one of\\nthe approaches to New Orleans. Owing to the un-\\nhealthiness of the locality only 755 men were fit for\\nduty when they arrived at New Orleans December 6,\\nbut those sick soon recovered there. On the 14th of\\nJanuary, 1863, the regiment participated in an ex-\\npedition, under Gen. Weitzel, to Bayou Teche,\\nwhich destroyed the rebel gunboat Cotton. On the\\nthe 23d of March, it attacked the rebels at Poncha-\\ntoula was engaged with the enemy April 3, at\\nAmite River; at Tickfaw River on the 12th, and\\nagain at Araite River on the 12th of May. On a\\nlater date, the Sixth made a raid up the -Jackson Rail-\\nroad, destroying the enemy s camp at Pangipaho,\\ncapturing sixty prisoners and appropriating or destroy-\\ning property valued at ^400,000. The regiment i\\nthen returned to New Orleans, and upon the 23d, as\\na part of Gen. Banks force, arrived in front of Port\\nHudson, and was placed in one of the most exposed\\npositions. On the 27th, the Sixth was engaged in the\\ncelebrated and deadly assault on Port Hudson, in\\nwhich a third of its men were killed. The regiment\\nin this finely fought combat, was under the command\\nof Col. T. W. Sherman (who should not be confounded\\nwith Gen. William T.. Sherman). The siege of Port\\nHudson followed. On the 5th of June, the regiment\\ntook part in a less disastrous assault. The Sixth\\nwas stationed at Port Hudson until March 11, 1864,\\nwhere 247 men re-enlisted, a sufficient number of\\nveterans to preserve the organization. It started\\nfor Michigan under command of Col. Edward Bacon,\\nand after arriving at Kalamazoo, was furloughed for\\nthirty days. Having again re-assembled it returned to\\nthe South, arriving at Port Hudson on the 11th of May,\\nwith a large number of recruits. On the 6th of June,\\nit was ordered to Morganzia and remained there until\\nthe 24th, when it was ordered to Vicksburg. From\\nthat point it went to St. Charles, Ark. After the\\nsiege of Port Hudson, the Sixth had been made an artil-\\nlery regiment, but it was now attached to an infantry\\nregiment. Remaining but a short time at St. Charles,\\nthe regiment returned to Morganzia, where, for a\\nshort time, it was employed as engineers, but was soon\\nafter returned to duty as heavy artillery. The regi-\\nment was present at the bombardment and surrender\\nof Fort Morgan, Ala., but arrived too late to partici-\\npate. Almost the entire service of the Sixth was\\nrendered in the extreme Southern States. On the\\nthe 1st of November, 1864, Col. Charles E. Clarke,\\ncommanding, it was stationed in Alabama. Com-\\npanies A, B, D, G and K garrisoned Fort Morgan\\nand Fort Gaines, Dauphin Island, Mobile Bay, while\\nthe other companies were detached in December and\\njoined an expedition against Mobile. After a fine\\ncareer, the regiment came North at the close of the war,\\nand was paid off and discharged at Jackson, Mich.,\\nSeptember 5, 1865. The Sixth, during its term of serv-\\nice, met the enemy at Sewell s Point, Va., March 5,\\n1862 Fort Jackson, La., April 25, 1862 Vicks-\\nburg, Miss., May 20, 1862 Grand Gulf, Miss., May\\n27, 1862; Amite River, Miss., June 20, 1862;\\nBaton Rouge, La., August 5 and 7, 1862 Bayou\\nTeche, La., January 14, 1863 Ponchatoula, La.,\\nMarch 24, 25 and 26, 1863 Baratoria, La., April\\n7, 1863 Tickfaw River, La., April 12, 1863 Amite\\nRiver, Miss., May 7, 1863 Ponchatoula, La., May\\n16, 1863 siege of Port Hudson, May 23 to July 8,\\n1863; Tunica Bayou, La., November 8, 1863; Ash-\\nton, Ark., July 24, 1864 Fort Morgan, Ala., August\\n23, 1864; Spanish Fort, Ala., April, 1865; Fort\\nBlakely, Ala., April, 1865 Fort Huger, Ala.,\\nApril, 1865 Fort Traeey, Ala., April, 1865 siege\\nof Mobile, Ala., from March 20 to April 12, 1865.\\nThe total enrollment of the Sixth was 1,957 officers\\nand men its losses 542 of which 2 officers and 43\\nmen were killed in action died of wounds, 21 men\\nand of disease, 6 officers and 470 men.\\nField and Staff.\\nCol. Chas. E. Clarke, Dowagiac, com. October 16, 18G4 m. o. as\\nLieut. Col. Sept. 7, 1865; com. Lieut. Col. Feb. 1, 1864;\\nMaj. June 21, 1862; Capt. U. S. Army July 28, 1866 Brevet\\nMajor March 7, 1867, for gallant ami meritorious services in\\nthe siege of Port Huron, La. retired June 28, 1878.\\nNoN Commissioned Staff.\\nSergt. Maj. Henry W. Ellis, Pokagon, com. May 13, 1865; m. o.\\n.\\\\ug. 20, 1865.\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nPrincipal Musician Geo. L. Hazen, Calvin, e. .Ian. 1, 1862; vet.\\nFeb. 1, 1864 m. o. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nMusician John R. I.ee, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. by order Sept. 20,\\n1862.\\nCOMTANY A.\\nBriggs, George, Porter, e. Aug. 30, 1862 dis. by order July 22,\\n1865.\\nWoodard, Alvah, Porter, e. Aug. 30, 1862: died of disease at\\nFt. Morgan, Ala., Sept 24, 1864.\\nCompany C.\\nFirst Lieut. Jas. A. Ellis, Donagiac, com. Dec. 1, 1862; trans.\\n1st. Lieut, to Co. D. July 20, 1863.\\nAnderson, Andrew J., Calvin, e. Jan. 11, 1864; trans to 7th\\nU. S. Heavy Artillery June 1, 1864.\\nFreeman, Henry W., Porter, e. Jan. 20, 1864 trans, to Veteran\\nReserve Corps.\\nGilbert, Alson, Wayne, e. Dec. 21, 1863 died of disease at New\\nOrleans, La., Oct. 12, 1864.\\nHawks, Henry, Mason, e. Jan. 11, 1864; trans, to 7th U. S.\\nHeavy Artillery June 1, 1864.\\nTurnley, Hiram M., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability March\\n28, 1864.\\nCompany D.\\nCapt. Charles E. Clarke, Dowagiac, com. Aug. 20, 1861 prom.\\nMajor.\\nCapt. James A. Ellis, Dowagiac, com. Sept. 1, 1863 resigned July\\n19, 1864; trans. 1st Lieut, from Co. C, July 20, 1863; 2d\\nLieut. Co. D, Aug. 20, 1861.\\nFirst Lieut. Frederick J. Clarke, Dowagiac, com. Aug. 19, 1861\\nkilled in battle at Port Hudson, La., May 27, 1862.\\nFirst Lieut. William W. McIIvaine, Cassopolis, com. Sept. 1,\\n1863 com. 2d Lieut. Dec. 1, 1862 Sergt. Aug. 20, 1861 re-\\nsigned as 1st Lieut. July 20. 1864.\\nFirst Lieut. Charles St. John, Dowagiac, com. March 7, 1865 m.\\n0. July 20, 1865; 2d Lieut. Co. F; Sergt. Co. D; vet. Feb.\\n1, 1864.\\nSecond Lieut. John G. Allison, Porter, e. Sergt. Aug. 20, 1861\\nvet. Feb. 1, 1864 m. o. as Sergt. July 20, 1865.\\nSergt. Hiram Meacham, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Oct.\\n14, 1862.\\nSergt. William 0. Kellam, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability\\nApril 30, 1864.\\nSergt. Ira Coe, e. Aug. 20, 1861 prom. 2d Lieut. U. S. C. T.\\nCorp. Charles K. Weil, e. Aug. 20, 1861 prom. 1st Lieut. 1st\\nLa. Battery, Nov. 29, 1802.\\nCorp. Ira Coe, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug. 23,\\n1864.\\nCorp. Thomas M. Sears, La Grange, e. Nov. 21, 1862; vet. March 2,\\n1864: dis. by order Aug. 20, 1865.\\nCorp. James K. Train, e. Dec. 10, 1863 m. o. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nCorp. Theodore Perarle, Ontwa, e. Dec. 2, 1804; m. o. Aug. 20,\\n1865.\\nPRIVATES.\\nAikins, Alexander, Calvin, e. Oct. 7, 1863 m. o. Aug. 20,\\n1865.\\nBaker, Ferdinand, m. o. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nBell, James M., Jefferson, e. Aug. 20. 1861 vet. Feb. 1. 1864\\ndis. for disability Aug. 1, 1865.\\nBrown, Francis D., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of .service, Aug.\\n23, 1864.\\nCarter, Elijah H., Porter, e. Aug. 12, 1862 died at Port Hudson,\\nLa., of wounds, May 27, 1863.\\nCarter, John M, Calvin, e. Aug. 12, 1862; died of disease at\\nPort Hudson, Sept. 2, 1863.\\nChristie, Willard, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service, Aug.\\n23, 1864.\\nCurtis, Edward, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at New Orleans,\\nLa., Nov. 30, 1862.\\nCushing, James H., Silver Creek, e. April 12, 1864; dis. by\\norder, Sept. 5, 1865.\\nDorr, Peter, Penn, e. Aug. 20, 1861; vet. Feb. 1, 1864; m. o.\\nAug. 20, 1865.\\nEstabrook, Aaron L., e. .\\\\ug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service,\\nAug. 23, 1864.\\nEstabrook, George R., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability, Oct.\\n14, 1862,\\nFraker, Oliver P., Porter, e. Aug. 20, 1861 vet. Feb. 1, 1864\\ndis. for disability. May 18, 1865.\\nGannett, Lewis, e. .\\\\ug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug. 23,\\n1864.\\nGrennell, Oliver C, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Oct. 14,\\n1862,\\nGales, Jefferson, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Baltimore\\nOct. 8, 1861.\\nGilbert, Allison J.. Wayne, e. Dec. 21, 1863; dis. for disability\\nJune 2, 1865.\\nGoodrich, Noah, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis for disability Oct. 12,\\n1864.\\nGregg, James H., e. .\\\\ug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug.\\n23, 1864.\\nGreenman, James J., Porter, e. Aug. 12, 1862; m. o. July 21,\\n1865.\\nHall, George M., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Oct. 6,\\nHall, Philander W., e. Aug. 20, 1861 vet. Feb. 1, 1864; m. o.\\nAug. 20, 1865.\\nHarmon, Benjamin H., died at Port Hudson, La of wounds.\\nMay 27, 1863.\\nHarmon, James, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. by order March 28,\\n1864.\\nHarmon, Sylvester, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Port\\nHudson, La., Aug. 13, 1863.\\nHerrod, Francis M., Porter, e. Jan. 2, 1864; m. o. Aug. 20,\\n1866.\\nHorr, Calvin L., Calvin, e. Aug. 14, 1862 m. o. July 21, 1865.\\nHover, Evart, Silver Creek, e. March 31, 1864; m. o. Aug. 20,\\n1865.\\nJackson, J. J., Porter, e. Aug 27, 1862 dis. for disability March\\n10, 1863.\\nJohnston, Albert, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. by order Feb. 10, 1863.\\nKing, Edward, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug. 23,\\nKing, John, e. Jan. 1, 1862 vet. Feb. 1, 1864.\\nKidder, Norman C, e. Aug. 12, 1862 m. o. July 21, 1865.\\nKirk, George W., e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Camp\\nWilliams Nov. 21, 1862.\\nLake, William H., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug.\\n23, 1864.\\nLewis, Peter, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Port Hudson,\\nLa., Aug. 12, 1803.\\n.Mcintosh, Jacob M., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug.\\n23, 1864.\\nj Meacham, Cyrus, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Oct. 14,\\nI 1862.\\nj Meacham. William J., e. Jan. 1, 1862; dis. for disability Oct.\\n1 14, 1802.\\nMiller, James M. ;.di3. for disability Sept. 18, 1803.\\nMontgomery, .Milton, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Baton\\nRouge, La., Aug. 3, 1862.\\nMontgomery, Samuel, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Port\\nHudson, La., July 18, 1863.\\ni Myers, George R., e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at New\\nI Orleans, La., Aug. 12, 1862.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "120\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nNesbitl, William, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dig. for disabililj Ocl. 14,\\n1862.\\nNeville, Jerry, Silver Creek, e. Dec. 22, ISCS in. o. Aug. 20,\\n1865.\\nOsborn, Allen S., Calvin, e. Aug. 11, 1862 m. o. July 21, 1865.\\nOsborn, Arthur, e. Nov. 10, 1862 in. o. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nOsborn, Job E., Calvin, e. Aug. 14, 1862 died of disease at Port\\nHudson, La., Oct. 4, 1863.\\nO Neil, Timothy, Silver Creek, e. Nov. 21, 1863 ni. o. Aug. 20,\\nOvermeyer, Thomas J., e. Aug. 20, 18i;l dis. at end of service\\nAug. 23, 1864.\\nOwen, Andrew J., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of\\n23, 1864.\\nPatrick, Levi \\\\V., died of disease at Baton Rouge, La., July 3, Corp. John R. Lee, e. Aug\\n1862.\\nFirst Lieut. .John Jacks, Edwardsburg, com. Sept. 1, 1862; dis.\\nfor disability Oct. 27, 1863.\\nFirst Lieut. Edw.ard C. Beardsley, Dowagiac, com. Nov. 25,\\n1864.\\nSecond Lieut. .John Jacks, Ontwa, com. .\\\\ug. 20, 1863; prom.\\nFirst Lieut.\\nSecond Lieut. Edward C. Beardsley, Dowagiac, com. June 3,\\n1864 prom. First Lieut.\\nSergt. Charles Morgan, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service\\nAug. 23, 1864.\\nSergt. E. C. Beardsley, e. Aug. 20, 1801 prom. Second Lieut.\\nAug. j Sergt. John P. Carr, Jefferson, e. Aug. 20, 1861; vet. Feb. 1,\\n0. Aug. 26, 1865.\\nil trans, to regimental band.\\nCorp. Alouzo Benedict, e. Aug. 20, 1861; dis. for disability Oct.\\n26, 1862.\\nCorp. Leonard Sweet, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Oct.\\n26, 1802.\\n23, 1864. I Corp. David Ogden, e. Aug. 20, 1861; vet. Feb. 1, 1,864; m. o.\\nReynolds, Paul S., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug. i ^ug. 20, 1865.\\nRandall, Lorenzo D., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug.\\n23, 1864.\\nReynolds, George, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug.\\n23, 1864.\\nRinehart, Henry, e. Aug. 18, 1862 m. o. July 21, 1805.\\nRing, John. e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Oct. 14, 1862.\\nRobb, John, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Jan. 20, 1862.\\nRogers, Leroy, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. .at end of service Aug. 23,\\n1864.\\nSickles, George VV., e. Aug. 20, 1861 died in action at Port\\nHudson, La., June 30, 1863.\\nStarka, William, Silver Creek, e. April 12, 1864; m. o. Aug. 20,\\n1865.\\nShawl, Merrin, Silver Creek, e. April 12, 1864 ra. o. Aug. 20,\\n1865.\\nStockwell, John, e. Aug. 20, 1851 dis. for disability Oct. 14,\\n1862.\\nStone, Edmund, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at New Orleans,\\nLa., Aug. 12, 1862.\\nSt. John, Charles, Silver Creek, e. Aug. 2U, 1861 vet. Feb. 1,\\n1864; dis. for prom. 2d Lieut, this regt., Co. J, Nov. 1,\\n1864.\\nSwinehart, Lewis, Porter, e. Aug. 18, 1862; died of disease at\\nPort Hudson, La., Aug. 29, 1863.\\nTracy, Spencer, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Port Hudson,\\nLa., Sept. 22, 1863.\\nWallace, William, Wayne, e. Dec. 19, 1863 m. o. July 21, 1865.\\nWheeler, Thomas, Penu, e. Aug. 25, 1864 m. o. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nWicting, John, Silver Creek, e. March 31, 1864 dis. for disability\\nDee. 15, 1864.\\nWilsey, William H., e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Carrol-\\nton, La., March 6, 1863.\\nCOMl ANY E.\\nSecond Lieut. Charles St. John, Dowagiac, prom, from Sergt.\\nCo. D, July 18, 1864; prom. 1st Lieut., Co. I). March 7,\\n1865.\\nCompany F.\\nPRIVATE.\\nCorsclnian, Levi, Marcellus, c. March 1, 1862 dis. by order Sept.\\n14. 1865.\\nCompany G.\\nprivatks.\\nClark, (leorge 11., Wayne, e. Dec. 19, 1863; m. o. Aug. 20,\\n1865.\\nDewey, Enoch, Silver Creek, e. Dec. 21, 1863; m. o. Aug. 20,\\n1866.\\nStevens, Isaac R., Silver Creek, e. Oct. 20, 1864; m. o. Aug. 20,\\n1865.\\nCorp. James H. Smith, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Jan,\\n20, 1862\\nCorp. John Chatterdon, Howard, e. Aug. 20, 1861 vet. Feb. 1,\\n1864; m. o. Aug. 11, 1865.\\nPRIVATES.\\nBarrett, Ransom, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Port Hud-\\nson, La., June 25, 1862.\\nBramhall, Nathan W., e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Port\\nHudson, La., FeJ). 6, 1864.\\nBrunson, Perry, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. to enter Regular Army\\nDec. 23, 1862.\\nBump, Adolphus, Jefferson, e. Aug. 20, 1861 vet. Feb. 1, 1864;\\nm. 0. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nCoder, Willett G., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Oct. 26,\\n1861.\\nCole, Johnson B., e. Aug. 20, 1861; dis. for disability Oct. 29-\\n1862.\\nEby, George W. N., e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for disability Jan. 5,\\n1863.\\nHanson, Benjamin, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Ship\\nIsland, La., March 18, 1862.\\nHaskins, Calvin, Jefferson, e. Aug. 20, 1861 vet. Feb. 1, 1864;\\nm. 0. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nHeyde, Henry, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug. 23,\\n1864.\\nJoy, Elias W., Jefferson, e. Aug. 20, 1861 vet. Feb. 1, 1864 m.\\n0. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nKieffer, Jacob, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. at end of service Aug. 23,\\n1864.\\nLamson, Horace, dis. at end of service, Aug. 23, 1864.\\nLockwood. Henry P., e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at\\nBaton Rouge, La., July 24, 1863.\\nMcKinstry, Albert, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. by order March 9,\\n1864.\\nMott, Sylvester, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease at Camp Will-\\niams Oct. 8, 1862.\\nPutnam, Uzziel, Pokagon, e. .\\\\ug. 20, 1861 dig. for disability\\nJan. 26, 1864.\\nNiles, vet. Feb. 1, 1804 m. o. Aug. 20, 1865.\\nRourke, Patrick, e. Aug. 20, 1861 vet. Feb. 1, 1864 m. o. Aug.\\n20, 1865.\\nShiry, William, Baton Rouge, e. Aug. 20, 1861 died of disease\\nNew Orleans. La., Sept. 11, 1862.\\nSmith, Mathew, e. Aug. 20, 1862 died of disease at New Or-\\nleans Aug. 29, 1868.\\nSweet, Leonard, re-e. Dec. 6, 1863 m. o. Aug. 20, 1865.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "IIISTOIIY OK CASS COUNTY. MICllrCAN.\\nThayer, Kira, .lefferson, e. Aug. 20, 18lil vet. Feb. I, 18ti4; m.\\no. Aug. 20, I860.\\nWesifall. Mivrvin F., Jefferson, e. Aug. 2(1, 18(11 ve(. Feb. 1 1864\\n(lis. for disability .lune 18(55.\\nWilliams, George W., e. Aug. 20, 18( .l (lis. at end of service\\nAug. 23, 1864.\\nTHK TWELFTH MICHUiAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nA large number of Cass County men were in\\nthis regiment. Company A, raised by Capt. Joseph\\nHarper of Cassopolis, was composed almost entirely of\\nmen from this county. They were enlisted at Casso-\\npolis, in the fall of 18(31, and the company was orga-\\nnized at Niles, which place was selected as the place\\nof rendezvous for the Twelfth Regiment, in the spring\\nof 1862. Charles A. Van. Riper was First Lieutenant,\\nand David M. McLelland Second Lieutenant.\\nThe Twelfth completed its organization, and was\\nmustered into service, on March 5, 1862, with a\\nstrength of 1,000 officers and men. The regiment\\nmoved from Niles, on the 18th of March, taking the\\nroute to St. Louis, from whence it was hurried forward\\nby steamer, by the Mississippi. Ohio and Tennessee\\nRivers, reaching Pittsburg Landing in time to take\\npart in the important engagement, fought at that\\nplace on the 6th and 7th of April. The Colonel\\ncommanding was Francis Quinn, of Niles. The regi-\\nment was assigned to Col. Peabody s brigade of Uen.\\nPrentiss division, and was one of the first regiments\\nattacked by the enemy, sufi ering a severe loss. The\\nbattle of Shiloh was an important event in the history\\nof the Twelfth. During April and May, it remained\\nat Pittsburg Landing, and in June and July was in\\nJackson, Tenn. In August, it was stationed at Boli-\\nvar, in the same State. Under command of Col.\\nUraves, the regiment was on picket duty, near the\\nfield of action, at luka on September 2, and was in\\nthe battle of Metamora, on the Hatchie River, October\\nwith loss, and was complimented in the report of\\nGen. Hurlburt for efficiency and bravery in the action.\\nThe other engagements with the enemy, in which the\\nTwelfth took part, were at Middleburg, Tenn., De-\\ncember 24, 1862; Mechanicsville, Miss., June 4, 1868;\\nsiege of Vicksburg, Miss., June and July, 1863\\nsiege of Little Rock, Ark., August and September,\\nISO-]; Clarendon, Ark., June 26, 1S64; Gregory s\\nLanding, September 4, 1864.\\nThe regiment was, for some time after the close of\\nactive hostilities, engaged in guarding public property\\nin Arkan.sas, but came north, in February, 1866, and\\non the 6th of March, the men were paid off and dis-\\ncharged at Jackson, Mich. The total membership of\\nthe regiment was 2,32.^. and its losses 432, of which\\nnumber 1 officer and 23 men died of wounds 28 men\\nwere killed in action 3 oflicers and 377 men died of\\ndisease.\\nCdmpanv A.\\napt. .Foseph llarper, Ossopolis, com. .Sept. 26, 18(51 resigned\\nMay 7, 1862.\\nFirst Lieut. Charles A. Van Riper, La (irange, com. Oct. 4, 1861\\nresigned Feb. 28, 1863.\\nFirst Lieut. Austin L. Abbott, Pokagon, com. Feb. 23, 1863\\nresigned .luly 3, 1864.\\nSecond Lieut. David M. McLelland, Dowagiac, :oni. Oct. 14,\\n1861 resigned Nov. IG, 1862.\\n.Second Lieut. Robert .S. M. Fox, H(.ward, com. April 8, 1864\\nprom. 1st Lieut. Co. G.\\nSergt. Austin L. Abbott, Pokagon, e. .Sept. 28, 1861 prom. 1st\\nLieut. Co. A.\\nSergt. George B. Crane, Pokagon, e. Oct, 4, 1861 died of disease\\nat Little Rock, Ark., .July 23, ]8(i4.\\nSergt. 15en,iarain F. Dunham, (^assopolis, e. Oct. 4, 1861 prom.\\n(^m. Sergt. April 1, 1862; died of di8ea,se at St. Louis, .Mo.,\\nMay 24 1862\\n.Sergt. .James Hill, Cassopolis, e. Oct. 9, 1861 dis. for disability\\nMay 31, 1864.\\nSergt. Joseph R. Edwards, Pokagon, e. Sept. 28, 18C1 dis. at\\nend of service Jan. J, 1865.\\nSergt. Robert S. .M. Fox, Howard, e. Oct. 2, 1861 vet. Dec. 25,\\n1863; prom. 2d Lieut. Co. A.\\nSergt. Isaac D. Harrison, Pokagon, e. Sept. 28, 1861 vet. Dec.\\n25, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nCorp. Isaac D. Harrison,\\nt orp. William E. Stevens, Mason, e. Oct. 22, 1861 prom. 2d Lieut\\nCo. K.\\nCorp. Lewis Van Riper, La Grange, e. Oct. 4, 1861 dis. for .Usa-\\nbility Jan. 21, 1862.\\nCorp. William Lingual, Pokagon, e. .Sept. 31, 1861 dis. at end of\\nservice Feb. 14, 1865.\\nCorp. Almon W. Eck, Wayne, e. May 18, 186:5; vet. Feb. 2!J\\n1S64; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nMusician Wellman Blanchard, Pokagon, c. Oct. 15, 1861 dis. for\\nilisability Aug. 16, 1862.\\nAllen, Alonzo W., Pokagon, e. Sept. 28, 1861 died of disease at\\nMemphis, Tenn., Oct. 25, 1863.\\nAllen, Nelson K., Porter, e. .Ian. 30, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nBarker, George F., e. Dec. 15, 1861 vet. Dec. 5, 18(53; m. o. Feb,\\n16, 1866.\\nBilderback, Peter, .Silver reek, e. Oct. 31, 1861 dieil of wounds\\nat Pittsburg Landing, June 5, 1862.\\nBilderback, Wesley B., Silver Creek, e. Oct. 31, 1861 dis. for\\ndisability Nov. 14, 18(53.\\nBroniier, David, Penu, e. Oct. 18, 1861 died of disease .\\\\pril\\n1862.\\nBrown. Albert E.. Ontwa, e. March 2, 1865; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nBrown, Charles G., Dowagiac, e. Sept. 5, 1862; dis. at end of\\nservice .Sept. 9, 1865.\\nBuckley, Peter, Pokagon, e. March 18. 1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nBucklin, George S., Wayne, e. Nov. 12, 1861; dis. for disability\\nSept. 9, 1862.\\nHush, Asa L., Dowagiac, e. Feb. 18, 1862; died of disease at\\nMemphis, Tenn., Oct. 20, 1863.\\nBycrs, Charles F., La Grange, e. Aug. 19, 1864; dis. at end of\\nservice Sept 9, 1865.\\ni;arr, Allen .M., Ontwa, e. Feb. 25, 1864; dis. for disability May\\n22, 1865.\\nCaves, Samuel, died of disease at Niles, Mich., March 23, 1862.\\nChisby, James, La Grange, e. Feb. 18, 1862; dis. a( end of serv-\\nice Feb. 17, 1865.\\nCampbell. Daniel, Pokagon, e. March 18, 1863; died of wounils\\nai Cuniden, .\\\\rk., Oct. 6, IsCo.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "122\\nHISTORY OiF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nCleveland, Cliailes E., e. Jan. 27, 1\u00c2\u00ab02; dis. ai end of service\\nJan. 27, 1865.\\nColby, James, e. (Id. 14, 18iil died in action at ShUoh April\\n6, 1862.\\nColvin, James M., e. Oct. 29, 1861; vet. Dec. 25, 1863; acci-\\ndentally killed Sept. o, 1864,\\nCurtis, Franklin P., Mason, e. Feb. 14, 1864 m. o. Feb. 15, 1866,\\nDavis, Edson, Uowagiac, e, Oct. 5, 1861 vet. Dec. 25, 1863 m. o.\\nFeb. 15, 1866.\\nDelauey, Thomas, Cassopolis, e. Oct 9, 1861 vet. Dec, 25, 1863;\\ndis. by order Aug. 14, 1865.\\nDenison, Franklin, Cassopolis, e, Oct. 9, 1861 vet. Dec. 28,\\n1863; dis. for disability .May 11, 1865.\\nEggleston, William J., Mason, e. Feb 16, 1865; dis. by order\\nMay 22, 1865.\\nEmmons, Darius, Dowagiac, e. Feb. 22, 1864; dis, by order May\\n22, 1865.\\nEmmons, Jonathan, Dowagiac, e, Feb. 22, 1864; m, o, Feb. 15,\\n1866.\\nEmmons, Wm. A., Dowagiac, e. Feb. 22, 1864 m. o, eb. 16, 1866.\\nFoster, Francis M,, Penn,, e. Feb. 23, 1864; m. o. Feb, 15, 1866,\\nGallagher, James, Jefferson, e. Dec, 8, 1863; m, o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nGilbert, Samuel, Mason, e. Oct. 25, 1861 dis. by order Sept. 7,\\n1862,\\nGillespie, George, Dowagiac, e. Dec. 28, 1861 dis. by order April\\n25, 1863.\\nGoodrich, James, Jefferson, e. Feb. 22, 1864 m. o. Feb. 15, 1866,\\nGoff, Hiram, Wayne, e. Nov. 9, 1861 died at home,\\nGraham, Edward R., Cassopolis, e. Feb. 21, 1862; dis. at end of\\nservice Feb. 21, 1865,\\nGraham, Henry C, La Grange, e, Sept. 7, 1864 dis. al end of\\nservice Sept. 9, 1865.\\nHaas, Jacttb, Howard, e. Sept. 23, 1864; dis. at end of service\\nSept. 9, 1865.\\nHaines, Thomas L., Outwa, e. March 2, 1865; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nHartsel, Edward, Dowagiac, e. Oct. 5, 1861 died of disease at\\nColumbus, Ohio.\\nHatfield, Andrew V., dis. by order Jan, 24, 1866.\\nHauser, Michael B., Pokagon, e. Oct. 15, 1861 dis. for disability\\nAug. 28, 1862.\\nHeaton, Abram, Porter, e. Dec. 5, 1863 m. o. Feb 15, 1866.\\nHeaton, Lester iM,, Porter, e, Dec, 29, 1863; m, o, Feb, 15, 1866,\\nHiggins, Benjamin F,, Newburg, e. Oct. 12, 1861 dis. by order\\n.\\\\pril 21, 1863,\\nHiggim, James P,, e, Dec, 10, 1861 vet. Dec. 25, 1863; dis, for\\ndisability July 8, 1864.\\nHiggins, Jonn, Newburg, e. Dec. 11, 1861 vet. Dec. 25, 1\u00c2\u00bb63\\nm, 0. Feb, 15, 1866.\\nHigley, Solomon G., Ontwa, e. Dec. 29, 1863 m. o. Feb. 15, 1866,\\n.Higley, William, Ontwa, e. March 2, 1865; m, o, Feb, 15, 1866.\\nHill, Henry T., Cassopolis, e. Feb. 18, 1862 dis. at end of service\\nFeb. 17, 1865.\\nKibray, Jacob P., Newburg, e. Oct. 3, 1861 died of disease at\\nMontgomery, Ala., May I, 1862.\\nHitchcock, Lucius P., Porter, e. Feb. 5, 1864; m. o. Feb, 15, 1866\\nHolmes, Henry, Pokagon, e, .March 18, 1863; died of disease at\\nDowagiac Oct. 2(i, 1863.\\nHolmes, William, Silver Creek, e. Nov. 19, 1861 died of disease\\nat Dowagiac June lU, 1863,\\nHorner, James, La Grange, e. Oct. 18, 1861 vei. Dec. 28, 1863;\\nm. 0. Feb. I i, 1866.\\nHudson, James, Jefl erson, e. Dec. 16, 1863; m. o. Feb. 16, 1866.\\nHuff, Charles H,, La Grange, e. Jan. 17, 1866 dis. by order Jan.\\n24, 1866.\\nHunt, John H,. Jefferson, e. Nov. 11, 1861 vet. Dec. 26, 1863:\\nm. 0. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nIreland, Elon M., m, o. Feb. 16, 1866.\\nJackson, Erastus M., Porter, e. Feb. 7, 1864; m. o. Feb, 15, 1866.\\nJackson, George, Mason, e. Feb. 14, 1865; m o. Feb, 15, 1866.\\nJackson, John S., Porter, e. Feb. 7, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nJennings, Abram, Dowagiac, e. Oct. 15, 1861 dis. by order July\\n23, 1862.\\nJohns, Aaron, Mason, e. Oct. 18, 1861 m. o. Feb, 15, 1866,\\nKugan, Edward, Jefferson, e. Feb, 28, 1862: captured at Little\\nRock, Ark., Sept. 3, 1864; exchanged May 27, 1865; dis, at\\nend of servici July 8, 1865.\\nKelley, John H., Calvin, e. Feb. 7, 1866; died of disease at Wash-\\nington, Ark., July 2, 1865.\\nKelley, Joseph, Calvin, e. Peb. 26, 1864 dis. by order May 22,\\n186.J,\\nKeyes, John, Wayne, e, Nov, 9, 1861 j dia. by order July 16, 1862.\\nLandon, Edward, .Mason, e. Feb. 16, 1865; m, o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nLangley. Zachariah B\u00e2\u0080\u009e Pokagon, Oct 13, 1861 dia, at end of\\nservice Jan. 7, 1865.\\nLillie, John, La Orange, e, Dec. 28, 1861 dis. at end of service\\nJan. 7, 1865.\\nLiphart, George M,, La Grange, e. Oct. 31, 1861 died al Indian-\\nj apolis, Ind., April 17, 1865.\\nLewman, Simon, La Grange, e. Feb. 22, 1864; died of disease at\\ni Duval s Bluff, Ark., Dec. 16, 1804.\\nI Maloney, Lawrence, Pokagon, e. Feb. 3, 1864 died of disease at\\nI Camden, Ark., Dec, 9, 1865.\\n.Marsh, Benjamin, La Grange, e. Dec. 7, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15,\\n1866.\\nMarsh, Nathan, La Grange, e. March 16. 1865; m. o. Feb. 16,\\n1866,\\nMiner, William A., La Grange, e. Oct. 6, 1801 vet. Dec. 25,\\n1863 m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nMunson, Allen C, Volinia, e. Sept. 2, 1864 dis. at end of serv-\\nice, Sept. 9, 1865.\\n.Myers, George, Volinia, e. Feb. 18, 1864 died of disease al\\nCamden, Ark., Dec. 9, 1865.\\nNeft Aaron, Jefferson, e. Feb 22, 1864 ui. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nNiblett, James, Mason, e, Feb. 8, 1864 dis. by order .May 22,\\n1865.\\nNichols, Arthur. Penn, e. Dec. 11, 1\u00c2\u00bb61 dis. for disability\\nJuly 17, 1862.\\nNorton, Bela A., La Grange, e. Jan. 27, 1802; dis. at end of serv-\\nice, Jan. 27, 186-J.\\nOdell, Victor M e. Feb. 1, 1862: missing in battle al Shiloh.\\nApril 7, 1862.\\nPratt, Henry D., Pokagon, e. Nov. 17, 1801 died of disease al\\nSt. Louis, Mo,, June 5, 1862.\\nPratt, James i:.. La Grange, e. Oct. 21, 1801 vet. Jan. 2, 1864\\nm. 0. Feb. 16, 1866.\\nI hilips, William J.. .Mason, e. Jan. 18, 1864; died of ilisease at\\nDuval s Bluff, Ark.. Nov. 26, 1864.\\nPost, John H., Pokagon, e. Oct. 8, 1861 dis. al end of service,\\nJan. 27. 1865.\\nReams, Peter, Jefferson, e. Feb. 23, 1864; dis. for disabilily May\\n26, 1865.\\nRoberts, James H, Mason, e, Feb. 15, 180.5; m. o. Feb. 15,\\n1860.\\nRobinson, Levi, Pokagon, e. Oct. 15, 1861 vet. Dec. 25. 1863;\\ndis. by order March I. 1864.\\nRogers, .lesse. Potter, e, Dec 5, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1860.\\nRoot, Charles. La Grunge, e. Feb. 22, 1804; died of disease at\\nLittle Rock, Ark.. Aug. 8, 1864.\\nRoot, Josiah C, La Grange, e. t)ct. 31, 1801 dis. for disability\\nJuly 17. 1862.\\nRosburgh, Enos. Jefferson, e. Feb. 26, 1862; dis. by order Nov.\\n16, 1K62.\\nRost, John A., La Grange, e. Feb. 18, 1862; dis. for disabilily\\nJune 4, 1802.\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "itISTOKY OF OASS COUNTV, MICHIGAN\\nKeh.2H, 18li4\\n123\\nKussey. .lohn M., tji (irangc, e. Feb. 21, 1W2\\nm. o. Feb. lo, 1866.\\nSergt. .lames M. Savage, La Grange, e. Oct. 31, 18i l vet. Dec.\\no. 1863: m. o. Feb. 15, 18H0.\\nScotten, William, Ontwa, e. March 2, 1865: iii. o Feb. 15, 1866.\\nSecor, Isaac, La (irange, e. Oct. 28, 18^1 ilied at .laekson, Tenn.\\n(railroad accident,) .Sept. 24, 1862.\\nSecor, Joseph VV., La Grange, e. Oct. 24, 1861 dis. by order\\nSept. 1, 1862.\\nShanafelt, William H., e. Oct. 81, 1861 vet. Dec. 26, 1863; m.\\n0. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nShepard, Charles, Calvin, e. Feb. 25, 1864; died of disease at\\nNiles, Mich.\\nShuste, Thomas P La Grange, e. Nov. 11, 1861 dis. for disability\\nSept. 20, 1862.\\nSimpson, Thomas, La Grange, e. Oct. 20, 1861 vet. Dec. 25,\\n1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866\\nSoules, Peter, Pokagon, e. Oct. 15, 1861 vet. Dec. 38, 1863; m.\\no. Feb. 15, 1866.\\n.Stanage, Benton, La Grange, e. Feb. 20, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, (,\u00e2\u0080\u009ei,b, Albert T., Dowagiac, e. Dec-. 25, 1861; dis. for disability\\n1866.\\nUna.*, George, La Gran re, e. Dec. 1, 1863; ni. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nHaas. .lohn. La Grange, e. Dec. 1, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nHaas, .lohn A., La Grange, e. Dec. 1, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nHigby, Calvin .J., Newburg, e. Sept. 5, 1864 dis. at end of serv-\\nice, Sept. 9, 1865.\\nIlnyck, William D., dis. for disability, Nov. 9, 1865.\\n.Mosher, Isaac, Pokagon, e. Feb. 16, 1865 m. o. Feb. 15, 18ii5.\\nPalmer. Charles H., vet. .Ian. 2, 1864.\\nParkertdn. William, Dowagiac, e. Feb. 19, 1862; vet. Feb. 27,\\n1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nPeltus, Luther, La Grange, e. Dee. 1, 1863; died of disease at\\nCamden, Ark., Sept. 1, 1865.\\nRose, .lohn. Pokagon, e. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. at end of service,\\nSept. 9, 1865.\\nWheeler, Kdwin. Marcellus, e. Feb. 29, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nAshley, Horace, e. Dec. 31, 1861 discharged for disability .July\\n19, 1862.\\nBarmore, .lohn E., e. Dec. 5, 1861 vet. Dec. 29, 1868.\\nStephenson, .James B., .letTerson, e. Feb. 22, 1864; died of dis.\\nease at Little Rock, Ark., .lune 28, 1864.\\nSteere, William H., Wayne, e. Nov. I .l, 1861 dis. for disability\\nAug. 2, 1862.\\nStevens, Samuel. .Mason, e. Feb. 15. 1865; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nSmith. Nelson A., Porter, e. Oct. 13, 1861 il\\nJan. 7, 1865.\\nTemple, Franklin, Ontwa, e. March 2, 1865; m. o. Feb. 15.\\n1866.\\nThomas, Noble O., La Grange, e. Oct. 31. 1861 dis. at end of\\nservice, Jan. 7, 1865.\\nFeb. 25, 1862.\\nDoty, James H., Porter, e. Feb. 22, 1864; vet. Dec. 24, 1863.\\nDoty, William J., e. Dec. 7, 1861 vet. Dec. 24, 1868; m. o. Feb.\\n15, 1866.\\nGriffith, Samuel, Milton, e. Oct. 25, 1861; vet. Dec. 24, 1863;\\nm. 0. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nend of service (.^^p charies Hungerford, Dowagiac. e. Oct. 25, 1861; dis. by\\norder June 30, 1862.\\nKappelman, John, Pokagon, c. March 1, 1865; m. o. Feb. 15,\\n1866.\\nKing, Samuel P., Porter, e. Feb. 22, 1864 m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nKirk, William H., Porter, e. Feb. 22, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nhomas, Sherwood, La Grange, e. Oct. 31, 1861 dis. at end of ^^j^^^^ j^^^ Dowagiac, e. Feb. 15, 1862 vet. Feb. 25, 1864\\n.\\\\IcGee, Lemuel S., Dowagiac, e. Jan. 4, 1862; vet. J\\nservice, Jan. 7, 1865.\\nThompson, Smith, Marcellus,\\n864\\n)cl. 20, 1861 dis. at end of\\nservice, Jan. 7, 1865.\\nTownsend, William, La Grange, e. Oct. 31, 1801 died of disease\\nat St. Louis, Mo., Nov. II, 18ii3.\\nTubbs, Lester, Porter, e. Dec. 5, 1803; m. o. Feb 15, 1866.\\nUpham, George, La Grange, e Feb. 23, 1864 m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nVan Tuyl, Richard, Mason, e. Feb. 27, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nWhite, Seth, Wayne, e. Nov. 12, 1861 vet. Dec. 25, 18 ;3; ra. o.\\nFeb. 15, 1866.\\nWilcox. Henry, Pennsylvania, e. Feb. 4, 18t;2; killed in railroad\\naccident at Jackson, Tenn., Sept. 24, 1862.\\nWiltard, John, e March 3,1804; died of disease at St Louis,\\nMo., Oct. 20, 1863.\\nWilliams, Samuel, Jefterson, e. Feb. 23, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15,\\n1866.\\nWinfrey, George, Dowagiac. e. Dec. 15, 1861 dis. by order July\\n24, 1862.\\nWing, Orlaudo, Jefferson e.- Dec. 2, 1862; ni. o. Feb. 15, 1866_\\nm. 0. Feb. 15, 1860.\\nOlmstead, John, e. Feb. 8 1862 dis. by order March 18, 1\u00c2\u00ab62.\\n.Sergt. John H. Patterson, e. Nov. 25, 1861 vet. Dee. 24, 1863;\\nm. 0. Feb. 15, 1866\\nSanders, Daniel, Pokagon, e. Feb. 21, 1865; ni. o. Feb. 15,\\n1860.\\nStillwell, lidwiu C, Dowagiac, e. Jan. 6, 1802; vet. Dec. 31,\\n18C3.\\nTliompson, Reason, Porter, e. Feb. 23, 1864 died of disease at\\nCamden, Ark., Sept. 8, 1866.\\nWelch, John C, Dowagiac, e. Dec. 35, 1861 vet. Dec. 31, 1863;\\nprom. 2d Lieut. Co. 1 July 3, 1864.\\nCompany D.\\nSimmons, Peter W., Mason, e. .\\\\ug. 31, 1864; dis. at eml of ser-\\nvice Sept. 9 1865.\\nSirriue, Henry F., Volinia, e. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. at end of service\\nSept. 9, 1865.\\nWolfe, Franklin, e. Feb. 26, 1862; vet. Feb. 29, 1864 m. o. Feb. Springsteen, John W., Volinia, e. Sept. 6. 1864; dis. at end of\\n16, 1861;\\nWooUey. Lewis, La Grange, e. Oct. 4, 1861 died of disease at\\nCamp Logan, Tenn., May 21, 1862.\\nBsldwin, IMwin K., La Grange, e. Dec. 1, 1863; m. o. Feb.\\n1866.\\nBell, Richard H., Howard, e. March 29, 1862; vet. March\\n1864; m.o., Feb. 15, 1866.\\nBryant. Thomas G., Mason, e. .March 1, 1865; dis. at en\u00c2\u00ab\\nservice, Sept. 9, 1865.\\nDennis, John, Milton, e. .March 1, 1865; ni. o. Feb. 15, 1860.\\nDriscoU, Noah, Porter, e. Feb. 13, 1864; in. o. Feb. I l, 1806.\\nDunn. Ambrose, Cassopolis, e. Feb. 15, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1:\\nservice Sept. 9, 1865.\\ncoMP.tN^ i:.\\nBarton, Reuben. Pokagon, e. .Sept. 3, IS64 dis. by order Sept.\\n14, 1865.\\nBeebe, William H.,died of disease at St. Louis, Mo. June 1, 1862.\\nLeach, James M., Pokagon, e. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. by order June\\n20, 1865.\\nOJell, ,lo8eph, Pokagon, e. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. by order Sept. 14,\\n1865.\\nPerkins, Harvey W.. Howard, e. Oct. 18, 1864 dis. by order Oct.\\n24, 1865.\\nWalz, John, Silver Creek, e. Feb. 29, 1864; died of disease at\\nGrand Rapids, Mich.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "124\\nCOMPAMY t\\nSecond Lieut. William Horton, Jr., Dowagiac (Sergt. Co. I), re-\\nsigned June 12, 1865.\\n.Sergt. Philo H. Simmons, dis. for disability March IG, 1862.\\n.Sergt. aobert A. Walton, Howard, e. Oct. 12, 1861 vet. .Jan. 1,\\n1864; m. o. Feb. 1866.\\nPRIVATES.\\nAlbrecht, Jacob G., Torter, e. Feb. 22, 1864; m. o. Feb. ir,. 1866.\\nBellows, Job S., Ontwa, e. Sept. 2, 1864 dis, at end of service,\\nSept. 9, 1865.\\nBrown, Luman, Jefferson, e. Nov. 25, 1861 died .May I, 1862, of\\nwounds received at Shiloh April 6, 1862.\\nButler. Henry M., m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nDean, Thomas, Ontwa, e. Nov. 8, 1861 dis. at end of service\\nJan. 7, 1865.\\nDurstern, Michael, e. March 16, 1862; discharged by order July\\n1.5, 1862.\\nHawkins, Charles, Pokagoii, e. Dec. 30, 1863 m. o. Feb. 16, 1866.\\nHawkins, Benjamin, vet. Dec. 30, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nHawkins, Charles, discliarged by order June 17, 1865.\\nInman, Isaiah, La Grange, e. .\\\\ug. 31, 1864; m. o Feb 15, 1866.\\nLeich, Elias, Milton, e. Dec. 5, 18G1 trans, to Veteran Reserve\\nCorps Jan. 15, 1864.\\nLewis, George W., Jefferson, e. Nov. 22, 1861 vet. Dec. 30, 1863\\nm. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nLynch, William J., Milton, e. Oct. 15, 1861 died on hospital\\nboat May, 1862.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Markle, John, Milton, c. Feb. 22, 1862; vet. Feb. 24, 1864 m. o.\\nFeb. 15, 1866.\\nMcNitt, Charles W., Porter, e. Feb. 26, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15,\\n1866.\\nMitchell, Robert, Pokagon, e. Feb. 21, 1865; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nMorau, James, Jefferson, e. Dec. 2, 1861 vet. Dec. 30, 1863; m.\\n0. Feb. 15. 1866.\\nMorgan, Charles A., Milton, e. Oct. 15, 1861; vet. Jan. 1, 1864;\\nm. 0. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nNoble, James M., Milton, e. Dec. 3, 1861 dis. by order June 25,\\n1862; re e. March 8, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nO Keefe, Eugene, Silver Creek, e. Oct. 30, 1861 dis. at end of\\nservice, Jan. 7, 1865.\\nParks, Almenon, e. .March 7, 1862; vet. Marcli 8, 1864; m. o.\\nFeb. 15, 1866.\\nReigle, Goorge W., Porter, e. Feb. 22, 1864 m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nReynolds, Henry C, La Grange, e. Sept. 23, 1864 dis. at end of\\nservice Sept. 29, 1865.\\nRogers, Charles F., Pokagon, e. Nov. 19, 1861 trans, to Vet.\\nRes. Corps Jan. 15, 1864.\\nRogers, Hiram, Ontwa, e. Nov. 21, 1861 dis. for disability March\\n16, 1862.\\nRogers, Kiram L., Pokagon, e. Oct. 14, 1861 died of disease at\\nKeokuk, Iowa, May 6, 1862.\\nSimmons, Joseph, Jefferson, e. Dec. 2, 1861 dis. for disability\\nMarch 16, 1802.\\nSnow, William H., Jefferson, e. Nov. 22, 1861 dis. at end of\\nservice Jan. 7, 18115.\\nTuttle, Jacob, Milton, e. Oct. 15, 1861 dis. for disability March\\n16, 1862.\\nWhitmore, George A., La Grange, e. March 15, 1865; m. o. Feb.\\n15, 1866.\\nWilson, James, Ontwa, e. Dec. 13, 1861 vet. Dec. 3, 1863 m. o.\\nFeb. 15, 1866.\\nWilson, Joseph S., Outwa; e. Dec. 14, 1861 vet. Dec. 3. 1863;\\nm. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nWarden, George, R., Jefferson, e. Dec. 5, 1861 dis. by order\\nJuly 25, 1862.\\nWyant, James, Ontwa, e. Nov. 21, 1861 dis. by order July 8,\\n1862.\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nZeek, William F., Ontwa, e. Sept. 2, 1864 dis. by order Oct. 31,\\nCompany G.\\nFirst Lieut. Roberts. M. Fox, Howard, com. Oct. 19. 1864; re-\\nsigned .Sept. 18, 1865.\\nLawrence, Joseph, Silver Creek, e. Dec. 19, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15,\\n1866.-\\nNichols, Warren W., Marcellus, e. Sept. 27, 1864; dis. by order\\nSept. 30, 1865.\\nSchuh, Nicholas, La Grange, e. Dec. 3, 1803; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nShiwl, Alexander, Pokagon; e. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. at end of serv-\\nice, Sept. 9, 1865.\\nShiver, Walter, Ontwa; e. Dec. 24, 1863; m. o. Feb. 10, 1866.\\nStamp, David, Porter, e. Dec. 5, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nTies, Anton, La Grange, e. Dec. 3, 1863; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nCompany H.\\nBailey, James E., Silver Creek, e. Feb. 14, 1864; dis. by order\\nMay 22, 186.5.\\nBorn, Henry, Mason, e. Sept. 3, 1864 dis. at end of service Sept.\\n9, 1865.\\nConrad, Jacob, Volinia, e. Feb. 20, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1860.\\nEggleslon, Harvey, Porter, e. Aug. 11, 1862; vet. Dec. 26, 1863\\ndis. by order Sept. 30, 1865.\\nFranklin; Samuel W., Mason, e. Jan. 29, 1864 died of disease\\nat DuvhII s Bluff, Ark., Oct. 21, 1864.\\nSalyer, James, Mason, e.; died of ilisease at Duvall s Bluff, Ark.,\\nSept. 24. 1864.\\nCompany I.\\nSecond Lieut. John C. Welch, Dowagiac, com. July 3, 1864\\nprom. 1st Lieut, (^o. A, Jan. 7, 1865.\\nAllen, Israel M., Pokagon, e. Sept. 2, 1864; Ah. at end of\\nservice, Sept. 9, 1865.\\nAumack, Jacob, Pokagon, e. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. at end of service.\\nSept. 9, 1865.\\nCole, William L., La Grange, e. Jan. 17, 1864; m. o. Feb. IJ,\\n1866.\\nCorin Robert, Ontwa, e. Sept. 2, 1864 trans, to 5th U. S. Coloreil\\nInfantry, April 1, 1865.\\nCurtis, Thomas J., Mason, e. .\\\\ug. 31, 1864; died of disease at\\nDuvall s Bluff. Ark., Nov. 1, 1864.\\nFisher, John, Pokagon, e. Feb. 21, 1865; m. o. Feb. 15,1866.\\nHayden, Edward W., e. Dec. 25, 1861 dis. for disability July\\n26, 1862.\\nIloyt, Henry, Ma.son, e. .\\\\ug. 31, 1864; dis. at end of service,\\nSept. 9, 1865.\\nJohnson, Uriah, died of disease at Decatur, Mich., June 1, 1862.\\nJohnson, Egbert, Mason, e. Aug. 31, 1864 died of disease at\\nWashington, Ark., July 1, 1866.\\nLeader, Nathan H., Pokagon, Sept. 2, 1864 dis. by order .May 6,\\n1865.\\nHorton, William, Jr Dowagiac, e. Dec. 11, 1861 vet. Dec. 25,\\n1863 .Sergeant, prom. 2d Lieut. Co. I.\\nKnapp, Bruce, Silver Creek, e. Feb. 24, 1864 dis. for dis-\\nability Aug. 23, 1864.\\nTuttle, Royal J., Silver Creek, e. Feb. 1864; died of disease at\\nDuvall s Bluff, Ark., Aug. 12, 1864.\\nMcMichael, Albert, Ontwa, e. Feb. 24, 1862; vet. Feb. 26, 1864:\\nm. 0. Feb. 15,1866.\\nNye, Isaac, Jefferson, e. Sept. I, 1864; dis. at end of service,\\nSept. 9. 186...\\nOn, Adam, .Mason, e. .\\\\ug. 20, 1864; dis. at end of service, Sept.\\n9, 1865.\\nSearles, Henry M., Mason, e. Feb. 24. 1861 vet. Feb. 26, 1864;\\nm 0. Feb. 15, 1866.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS rOPNTY, MinilTGAN\\n.Smith, Hiram, La Grange, e. Aug. 20, 1864 dis. al end of ser-\\nvice, Sept. 9, 1865.\\nStephenson, Harvey, I okagon, c. Sept. 1, 18lU; dis. at end of\\nservice, Sept. il, 186-5.\\nSt. Joljn, John, Pokagon, Sept, 3, 1864 dis. at end of service,\\nSept. 9, 1865.\\nTibbits, Nathan, Porter, e. Dec. 15, 1863 died of disease :it\\nHunlersville, Ark., .July 2, 1864.\\nTreat, Horace .1., Silver Creek, e. Oct. 10, 1861 died in action at\\nPittsburg Landing, April 6, 1862.\\nVawkey. Amos, Howard, e. March 7, 1864; m. o. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nVetter, .loshua T., vet. Dec. 29, 1863.\\nWillard, William, iefferson, e. Dec. 3, 1863 died of disease at\\nDuval s Bluff, Ark., .Tan. 6, 1865.\\nCompany K.\\nSecond Lieut William E. Stevens, Mason, c. Oct. 22, 1861 vet.\\nDec. 25, I860 Sergeant Co. A, com. April 2, 1865 m. 0. Feb.\\n15, 1866.\\nBidlack. Charles E., Porter, e. Oct. 14, 1864; dis. by order, Oct.\\n27, 1865\\nI randall, Lewis, Wayne, e. Feb. 22, 1864 ni. 0. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nDrake, Lnri-nzo, dis. hv onler. Aug. 12, 1865.\\nKarnham, Erastus S., e. Dec. 9,1861 dis. at end of service, Sept.\\n7, lfS65.\\nFrench, Noah, Sergeant, e. Dct. HI, 1H61 dis. by order, .July 19,\\n1862.\\nHardy, Robert, Milton, e. Oct. 21, 1861 dis. by order, Oct. 17\\n1862.\\nNostrand, .lohn .1., Silver Creek, e. Nov. II, 1861 dis. at end of\\nservice, .Ian. 7, 1865.\\nKawson, Charles W., Volinia, c. Sept. 7, 1864; dis. at end of\\nservice, Sept. 9, 1865.\\n.layers, James, Pokagon, e. Feb. 24, 1863; dis. by order, June 1,\\n1865.\\nShepard, Caleb, Howard, e. Dec. 28, 1861 vet. Dec. 29, 1863\\ndis. by order, Aug. 12, 1865.\\nTappan, Harlow, Marcellus, e. Feb. 25, 1864; m. n. Feb. 15,\\n1866.\\nWeatherwax, John G., Porter, c. Feb. 13, 1864: died of dis-\\nease at Little Rock, Ark., June 13, 1864.\\nWebber, Geo. W., Ontwa, e. Feb. 29, 1864; m. 0. Feb. 15, 1866.\\nTHE NINETEENTH MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nGompany A of this regiment, Joel H. Smith,\\nCaptain, was compose i almost wholly of Cass County\\nmen, and there were many in other compjinies of tlie\\nregiment. The First Lieutenant, George T. Shaffer,\\nof Calvin, arose to the position of Colonel. The\\nSecond Lieutenant was Reuben B. Larzelere. The\\ncompany was organized in Dowagiac, in September,\\n186-2.\\nThe Nineteenth Regiment was assigned to the Sec-\\n(iinl Congressional District to be recruited in the\\ncounties of Branch, St. Joseph, Cass, Berrien, Kala-\\nmazoo, Van Buren and Allegan. Recruiting was\\ncommenced July 15, 1862. The camp of the Nine-\\nteenth was at Dowagiac, and the Hon. Henry C. Gil-\\nbert was its commandant and charged with the\\norganization of the regiment. The regiment broke\\ncamp September 14, and in command of Col. Gilbert,\\ntook its route To Cincinnati, its strength being W:\\nofficers and men. It was attached to the first division\\nof the Army of the Ohio, and was stationed in Ken-\\ntucky October, November and December. On the 1st\\nof January, 1868, the regiment was stationed at Dan-\\nville, and belonged to Col. Coburn s brigade, Baird s\\ndivision. Army of Kentucky. This army having\\nbeen transferred to the department of the Cumberland\\nas a reserve corps, the Ninetenth moved with its\\nbrigade to Nashville, where it arrived February 7,\\nproceeding thence to Franklin. On the 4th of March,\\nwith 600 Ciivalry and 200 additional infantry, it took\\npart with its brigade in a reconnaissance in force.\\nAfter a march of four miles, skirmishing began with\\nthe enemy s scouts and advanced pickets, but the\\nrebels retiring the brigade encamped, the Nineteenth\\nhaving lost in the skirmish one wounded. The march\\nhaving been resumed, the enemy was met upon the\\nfollowing day in force, at Thompson s Station, nine\\nmiles from Franklin. The Nineteenth with others\\nfought stubbornly, against iintnense odds, repulsing\\nattack after attack, struggling bravely but without\\nhope. Defeat being inevitable, they finally surren-\\ndered. The engagement was sanguinary. At times\\nthe contest was severe and the fighting terrific. Three\\ncharges were made by the enemy and gallantly\\nrepulsed. In one charge the Nineteenth captured the\\ncolors of the Fourth Mississippi and several prison-\\ners The surremler did not occur until after five\\nhours of fighting. The rebel force proved to be the\\nentire cavalry force of Bragg s army, 18,000 strong,\\nunder Gen. Van Dorn. The Nineteenth went into\\nthe action with 572 officers and men, of which num-\\nber 11-3 were killed and wounded. Such was the\\nbaptism of fire which this regiment received.\\nThe regiment was re-organized at Camp Chase, Ohio,\\nand on the 8th of June, 1863, left Columbus, arriv-\\ning at Nashville on the 11th. It took part in the\\nadvance on Tallahoma in June. On the 28d of July,\\nthe regiment was ordered to Murfreesboro, and went\\nupon garrison duty in the fortifications. From this\\ntime on till the close of its service, the Nineteenth\\ntook part in the following engagements Nashville iV\\nChattanooga Railroad, Tenn., October 5, 1863;\\nResaca. Ga., May 15, 1864 Cassville. Ga., May\\n10, 1864: New Hope Church. Ga., May 25, 1864;\\nGolgotha, Ga, June 15, 1864; Gulps Farm, (Ja.,\\nJune 22, 1864; Peach Tree Creek. Ga., July 20,\\n1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to September\\n2, 1864; Savannah, Ga., December 11, 18, 20, 21,\\n1S64; .\\\\verysborn, N. C, March 16, 1865; Benton-\\nville, N. C, March 10, 1865.\\nThe entire membership of the regiment was 1,288.\\nof which it lost 237 men, as follows 4 officers and 50\\nmen killed in action 3 officers and 38 men lied of\\nwounds, and 142 of disease.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nFIELD AND STAFF.\\n.Surgenn William E. Clarke, Dowagiac, Sui-geon 4th Mich. Infantry,\\ntrans. Surgeon to 19th Infantry Aug. 12, 18H2; resignefl\\nJuly 18, 1863.\\nAsst. Surgeon Leander D. Tompkins, Cassopolis. com. .\\\\ug. I J.\\n18H2 resigned for disability Sept. 7, I7H8.\\nNON COMMISSlllNEll STAFF.\\ni,;uariermaster Sergt .lohn M. Myers, Cassopolis, c. ,\\\\ug. .i, 1862:\\nappointed 1st Lieut, and Quartermaster m. o. .lune 10, 1865.\\nI ommissary Sergt. George S. Larzelere. Silver Creek, com. .Jan.\\n14, 186.3: ni. o. .June J5, 1865.\\nPrincipal Musician Kxekiel Owen, La Grange, e. Aug. 0, 1862;\\nm. 0. June Id, 1865.\\nCOMPANY A.\\napt. Joel H. .Smith, Dowagiac, com. July 22, 1862; resigned\\nJuly 11. 1864.\\nCapt. George T Shaffer, Calvin, com. May 15, 1864 promoted\\nMaj. 28th Mich. Inf.; wounded in action June 22, 1864.\\nFirst Lieut. George T. Shaffer, Calvin, com. August 2, 1861 pro-\\nmoted Capt.\\nFirst Lieut. Henry J. Ohls. Marcellus, com. May 8, 18ii5 Sergt.\\nAug. 8, 1862; m. o. June 10. 1865.\\n.Second Lieut. Reuben B. Larzelere, Dowagiac, com July 28,\\n1862; resigned Aug. 7, 1863.\\nSergt. Isaac Edwards, Pokagon, e. Aug. 6, 1862: promoted 2d\\nLieut. Co. E.\\nSergt. Norman B. Farnsworth, Silver Creek, e. .Vug. 2, 1864 dis.\\nfor disability Sept. 2, 186-3.\\nSergt. John S. Gritfis, Wayne, e. .\\\\ug. II, 1862 killed at Resaca,\\nGa., May 5, 1864\\nSergt. Barker F. Rudd, Newburg, e. Aug s, 1862 dis. for wound\\nOct. 23, 1863.\\nSergt. George S. Ltrzelere, Silver Creek, e. Aug. 1862: ap\\npointed Commissary Sergt.\\nCorp. George H. Batten, Penn, e. Aug. 9, 1862; died of disease\\nat Murfreeshoro, Tenn., Aug. 29, 1863.\\nCorp. Zach Aldrich, Newburg, e. Aug. .\\\\ug. 9, 1862: prom, sergt.\\ndis. for loss of an eye Feb. 9, 1864.\\nCorp. John Manning, Marcellus, e. .\\\\ug. 13, 1862; dis. forwnund,\\nlost hand, .May 9. 1863.\\nCorp. Alexander Kirkwood, Wayne, c. .\\\\ug. 9, 1862: prom. Ist\\nLieut. Co. I.\\nCorp. .\\\\mos D. Stocking, Pokagon, e. Aug. 2. 1862; dis. for dis-\\nability Feb. 1, 1863.\\nCorp. Albert T. Cobb, Wayne, e. Aug. 5, 1862 dis. for disability\\nFeb. 8, 1863.\\nCorp. William Slipper, Penn, e. Aug. 2, 1862; m. o. Sergt. .lune 10,\\n1865.\\nCorp. James S. Ciego, Silver Creek, e. Aug. 7, 1862: m. n. Sergt.\\nJune.\\nMusician Ezekiel Owen, La Grange, e. Aug. 9, 1862; prom Prin-\\ncipal Musician Sept. 1, 1863.\\n.Musician Franklin It, Sherman, Pokagon, e. July 31, 1862; m. o.\\nJune 22, 1865.\\nWagoner Isaac Hamlin, Pokagon, e. July 20, 1862: died of dis-\\nease at Washington, D C, Feb. 17, 1863.\\nTRIVATES.\\nAllen, Loren A., Pokagon, c. Aug. 16, 1862; m. o. June 10,\\nI860.\\nAllison. George W., Pi)kagon. e. .\\\\ugust 7, 1862; m. o June\\n10, 1865.\\n\\\\llisnn, Henry C., La Grange, e. Aug. 3, IS64: m. u. May I .i,\\n186--..\\n\\\\nderson, Jacob M., Newburg, e. Aug. 22, 1863; trans. |o V^i.\\nHes- Corps.\\ndied of disease at Nicho\\nBaker, .Albert, Mason, e. Aug.\\nlasville, Ky., Dec. 5, 1862.\\nBell, Simuel D., Silver Creek, e. Aug. 8, 1862; m. 0. .lune 10.\\n1865.\\nBenton, Elic, Pokagon, e. m. o. June 10, 1865.\\nBend, Thomas F., Wayne, e. Aug. 6, 1862; dis. for woun^l April\\n28. 1865.\\nBowerman, Addison, Newburg, e. Aug. 27, 1863; died of disease\\nat Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 25, 1864.\\nBridge, Daniel G., Marcellus, e. Aug. 8, 1862; m. 0. June 10,\\n186.5.\\nCorbit, James. Penn, e. Aug. 8, 1862: killed on picket before At-\\nlanta, Ga.. July 23, 1864.\\nCorwin, Amos B., Penn, c. Aug. 8, 1862; m. o. June 10, 1865.\\nCooper. Harley R., Jefferson, e. Dec. 15, 1863: m. 0. May 26,\\n1865.\\nCrawford, George, Pokagon e. Aug. 8, 1862 Sergt.; lu. o. June\\n10, 1865.\\nCrocker. Milford, .Silver Creek, e. Dec. 16. 1864 m. 0. June\\n10, 1\u00c2\u00bb65.\\nFos.lick, Franklin H., Penn, e. Feb. 27, 1864; .lis. for ilisabiliiy\\nJune 27. 1865.\\nDanahy, Timothy, Silver Creek, e. Aug. 9, 1K62 died of wounds\\nat Resaca, Ga., May 25, 1864.\\nDavis, Norman, Pokagon. e .-Vug. 7, 1862; dis. for disability Feb.\\n8, 1863.\\nDavis, Reason, Newburg. e. Aug. 13, 1862; m. o- June 10, 1865.\\nDavis, William, Penn, e. Aug. 9. 18. i2; m. 0. June 10, 1865.\\nEdwards, Henry, Pokagon, e .\\\\ug. 9, 1862; m. o. June 10,\\n1865.\\nEvans, John, Pokagon, e. Aug. 9. 1862; m. 0. June 10, 1865.\\nFreeman. .\\\\din. Silver I reek, e .Vug. 2. 1862; killed in action at\\nThompsons Station, Tenn., March 5, 1863.\\nFuller, Oren A., Penn, f Aug. 7, 1862 dis. for w..unds May 20,.\\n1863.\\nFuller, William R.. Wayne, e. Aug. 6. 1862; m. 0. June 10,\\n1865.\\nGarwood, Levi. Volinia, e. .4ug. 8, 1862; dis. for disability .Vug.\\n21, 1863.\\nGeorge, Stephen L., Silver Creek, e. Aug. 9, 1862; dis. for dis-\\nability Jan. 14, 1864.\\nGilbert, Jeremiah B., Penn, e. Feb. 27, 1864; m. 0. June 10,\\n1865.\\nGillon, Patrick I., Pokagon, c. Aug. 9, 1862; m. 0. June 10,\\n1865.\\nGleason, Charles H., P.ikagon, e. Aug. 9, 1862 m 0. June 10,\\n186.5.\\nGrinntll. Sylvester M., Penn. e. Feb. 27, 1864; m. 0. .lune 10,\\n1865.\\nHagerman, Noah D., Penn. e. .\\\\ug. 9, 1862: m. o. June 10,\\n1865.\\nHamilton, .lohn P., Wayne, e. -Vug. II, 1862; died in action at\\nThompson s Station, Tenn., March 5, 1863.\\nHannah, James -V., La Grange, e. Vug. 9, 1862 died in action at\\nThompson s Station, Tenn., March 3, 1863.\\nHawes, Jerome B., Pokagon. 0. Aug. II, 1862; m. 0. June 10,\\n1865.\\nHoover, Calvin, La Grange, e. .Vug. 8, 1862; m. June 10, 1865.\\nHungerford, Homer M., Wayne, e. .-Vug. 9, 1862: missing in ac-\\ntion near Dalton, Ga., I8l -4.\\nI.aylin, Oren, Wayne, e. Aug. 6, 1862; lu. o. June 10, 1865.\\nLilly. Aaron. Wayne, e. Aug. .s, 1862; m. 0. June 10, 1865.\\nLundy, Ira C, Penn. e. Aug. S, 1862; in. 0. June 10, 1865.\\nLun.ly, Robert. Penn. e. Aug. 11. 1862; .lis. for disability Feb. 8,\\n1863.\\nLundy, Thoniiu), Penn. e. .\\\\ug. 8. 1S62 died of dise^eat Annap.\\nolis. Md., April 13. 1863.\\nII", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MTCHIftAN.\\nl.ylle. William M., Marcellus, c. Jan. I. I\u00c2\u00bbii3; dis. for wound\\nNov. 12. iw;i.\\nMearl, Smilh. Silver Creek, c. .\\\\ug. 2. 18ii2; in. o. .lune 10. lxiir\\nMeans. Andrew. Pokagun. e. .\\\\ug. S, I8il2; dis. for disability\\nAug. IS. \\\\HiV.i.\\nMuncy. Nioirod. Wayne, e. Aug. 2. I. il2; m. o. .lune HI. IKii:;.\\nNicholas. Kzra W .Marcellus. e. .\\\\ng. 9, ISr,2; died of wounds at\\nVining s Station. Ga., Sept. 4. lS(i4.\\nNich(d8. William H., Marcellus, e. .Ian. 1. I81I8; died of wounds\\nat Chattanooga. Tenn.. June 20, 1804.\\nParker. Haynes i.. Calvin, e. Aug. 8, lHi 2; died of ilisease at\\nNashville. Tenn., July 13, 18li4.\\nParker. Roniaine. Pokagon, e. Aug. 4, 18ii2; ni 0. June 10. IWir).\\nParker. Thomas S.. Calvin, e. Aug. 8. lHti2; ni. 0. June 10. ISii.l.\\nPeters. John. Silver Creek, e. Dec. 22, IWi.S; died of wounds at\\nChattanooga. Tenn.. .lune 20. 18t;4.\\nT otter. Thomas, Jefferson, e .\\\\ug. 7, lHi i2; dieil nf disea.se at\\nLexington. Ky.. Nov. 13. 18(12.\\nReams. Caleb M.. Penn. e. Aug. 2i;, 18ti2; m. o July 10. ISiii.\\nReams. Isaiah G.. Penn. e. Sept. 12, 18ii2; m. 0. July in, 18(i5.\\nReams. Silas G.. Penn, e. .\\\\ug. 31, ]8ii3: m. 0. May 24. 18(15.\\nlavage. Henry B.. Marcellus. e. Aug. 12. 18(12; died in action at\\nThompson s Station. Tenn.. March 5. 18(13.\\nSchideler. John. Silver Creek, e. Aug. 7. 18(12; ilied in rebel prison.\\nat Richmond. Va.. March 18(13.\\nSchideler. Robert. Silver Creek, e. Aug. 18(12; dis. f lr disability.\\nShawl. Madison. Silver Creek, e. July 25. 18(12: m. 0. June 10.\\n18(15.\\nShepard, Purley, Silver Creek, e. Aug. 2. 18(12; dieii of disease\\nat Lookout Mountain. Tenn., Oct. 26, 18(14.\\nSherman. C. C, Pokagon. e. July 23, 1862; m. 0. June HI, 1865.\\nSpaulding. Joel. Xewburg. e. Aug. 9. 1862; m. 0. May 10, 1865.\\nSpencer. E.lward. Wayne, e. Aug. 9. 1862; m. o June 10. 1865.\\nSiedman. Livingston, Pokagon, e .\\\\ug. 8. 1862; m. 0. June 10.\\n18(16.\\nStuart. Salmon, Silver Creek, e. Aug. 9. 1862; m. 0. June 10,\\n1865.\\nSuits, Jacob, Wayne, e. Aug. 9, 1862 m. 0. June 10, 1866.\\nSuits. Solomon A., Silver Creek, e. Aug. 9. 1862; m. 0. June 10,\\n186.5.\\nSullivan. Solomon Wayne, e. Aug. 4, 1862; m. 0. June 10.\\n1865.\\nTaylor, John. Pokagon. c. Aug. 4. 1862; m. 0. June 10. 18(15.\\nThompson. Francis M.. Wayne, e. Aug. 11. 18(12; ni. o. June 10.\\nUnderwood. Enos. Newburg. e. Aug. 9. 18(12;\\nlune 10.\\nL nderwood. Stephen W.. Penn. e. Aug. 9. 1862; in. 0. July 11.\\n1865.\\nWickham, William C. Silver Creek, e. .\\\\ug. 13, 18(12; died of\\nilisease at Danville, Ky.. Dec. 1862.\\nWiggins. George E., Wayne, e. .\\\\ug. 11. 1862; died of wounds at\\nRichmond. Va.. March 1863.\\nWiggins. Lorenzo R.. Wayne, e. .-Vug. 7. 1862; died in rebel\\nprison. Richmond. Va.. .March 1863.\\nWinchell, Seneca W.. Pokigon. e. Aug. 2. 18(12: ra. 0. June 10.\\n18(15.\\nl)MrANT\\nPhillips. John II Newburg. clan. 17. 18(14; m 0. July 19. I,sil5-\\nCOMI-ANV D.\\nSecond Lieut. Isaac Z. Edwards. Pokagon. trans, from tlo. E July\\n27. 1863; prom Ist Lieut. June 1. 1864; resigned as 2d\\nLieut. Aug. (1. 18(14.\\nIlarrigan. Willi.im. Mnnellus. e. Sept. 15. 1864; in. 0. June 23.\\n1865.\\nWright, Giles, Newburg, c. Sept. 5, 1863; ni. o. July 19, 1865.\\nCompany E.\\nSecond Lieut. Isaac 7,. IMwards. Pokagon, com. May I. 1863;\\ntrans. 2d Lieut, to Co. D.\\nAshley, William H e. Aug. 1862; confined in Libby Prison;\\ndied at Annnpolis, Md.. April II, 1863.\\nBasley. Hiram E., .lefferson. e. Deo. 16, 1863, in 10th Infantry.\\nHollister, Albert E Penn, e. Sept. 29. 1864. in lOlh Infantry.\\nMahey. Martin. Silver Creek, e Dec. 22, 1863. in loth Infantry\\n(rans. to lOth Michigan Infantry.\\nMartin, George H., m. 0. Aug. 3, 18(15.\\nMiller. (Charles 7... c. Aug. 18(12; died at Nicholasville, Ky.,\\nDec. 13. 1862.\\nQwiy. William II., Newburg, e. .Ian. 23, 18(14; died of disease at\\n-Nashville. Tenn.. March 21. 1864.\\nQuay, Edward L.. Newburg, e. Dec. 21, 1863 m. 0. .luly 19, 1866.\\nWelch. Thomas C.. .lelferson. e. Dec 15. 18(13; m. o. July 19,\\nWhite. Knos H., Pokagon. e. No\\nluly\\n18(15.\\nBeaman. Alonzn P. Newburg. e. Jan. 5. 1864; m. 0. July 19,\\n1865.\\nBoghai-t. Peter C. Newburg. e. Jan. 5. ISH4; in V\\\\b Infintry\\ndied of disease March 3. 1864.\\nMadden, Michael. .Silver Creek, e. Dec. 23. 1863; m. o. July 19,\\n1865.\\nMcCoy. John, .Silver Creek, e. Dec. 23. 1863; m. o. July 19. 1865.\\nReams. Erastus. Dowagiac. e. Sept. 12. 1862 m. o. June 10. 1865.\\nReed. Henry S.. Newburg. e. Jan. 5. 1864 died of disease at Chat-\\ntanooga. Tenn.. June 30. 1864.\\nReed. William T., Newburg. e. Jan. 5. 1864; died of disease at\\nChattanooga. Tenn.. \\\\ug. 7, 1864.\\nTrattles, Daniel, Newburg. e. Aug. 11. 1862 m. 0. June 10, 1865\\nIIOMPANT II.\\nBair. Myron M.. New6urg. e. Jan. 20. 1864; m. 0. June 10.\\n1865.\\nHawkins. Isaac. Dowagiac. e. .\\\\ug. 13. 1862; m. 0. Jun6 10.\\n1865.\\nMusician George N. Rosebrock. Ontwa. e. .A.ug. 13. 1862; died\\nof disease at Covington. Ky., Oct. 21. 1862.\\nTeagen. Samuel. Porter, e. Aug. 13. 1862; dis. for disability\\nJuly 6. 1863.\\nFirst Lieut. Alexander Kirkwood. Wayne, com. Nov. 11. 1864;\\nm. 0. June 10. 1865.\\nBultrick. William, Wayne, e. Jan. 4. 1864; m. 0. June 24. 1865.\\n(Jarroll. Thomas. Wayne, e. Dec. I 18(13: m. o. July 19. 1866.\\n(hooper, .\\\\9bury. Jefferson, e. Dec. 15. 1863. in lOth Infantry;\\ntrans, to lOth Michigan Infantry.\\nHavens. .Vdam. Wayne, e. Jan. 4. 1864. in 10th Infantry; trans.\\nto 10th Michigan Infantry.\\nWhite. William L.. Wayne, e. Dec. 4. 1863: trans, to Vet.\\nRes. (^orps.\\nTHK FIRST RKGI.MKNT MICHKiAN CAVALRY.\\nCompany M, of this organization, was from this\\ncounty, and there were a considerable number of Cass\\nmen scattered through the regiment.\\nThe First Cavalry commenced recruiting August 21,\\n1861, at Camp Lyon, near Detroit, the work of organ-\\nization being carried on by Thornton F. Broadhead,\\nafterward Colonel of the regiment. The First was\\nmustered into service on the 13th of September, 1861,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "128\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHlfiAX.\\nwith 1,144 officers and men on the rolls. On the\\n29th, it left Ciirnp Lyon, under orders to proceed to\\nWashington lay in camp at Frederick, Md., a\\nconsiderable portion of the winter, and its principal\\nservice following was in the Shenandoah Valley, in the\\nUpper Potomac Valley and near the eastern slopes of\\nthe Blue Ridge. The regiment engaged with the\\nenemy at Winchester, Va., March 23, 1862 Middle-\\ntown, Va., March 25, 1862 Strassburg, Va., March\\n27. 1862; Harrisonburg, Va., April 22, 1862: Win-\\nchester, Va., May 24, 1862 Orange Court House,\\nVa., July 16, 1862 Cedar Mountain, Va., August\\n0, 1862 Bull Run (second). Va., August 30, 1862\\nOccoquan, Va., February 1863 Thoroughfare\\nGap, Va., May 21, 1863 Greenwich, Va., May 30,\\n1863. After a winter of grand guard duty in front\\nof Washington, the First was assigned to the Mich j\\nigan Cavalry Brigade, of which the gallant Custer\\nwas Commander, and its services were from that time\\nchiefly rendered with the brigade. I\\nSergt. Maj. .lames S. .VloEllieay, Dowagiac. e. Aug. lo. l.sill\\nprom. 2d Lieut. Co. G.\\nHosp. Steward James R. Leader, I okagon uj. o. Ucl. lxn:i.\\nCompany A.\\nFirst Lieuc. .Sidney G. Morse. Cassopolis. oum. June 18i i2; 1st.\\nSergt. Co. M. May 12. 18ii2; killed in battle at Second Bull\\nRun. Aug. 80, ISr,2\\nFirst Lieut. John H. Simmons, Dowagiac, com. March 7. 18ii.5\\nm. 0. Nov. T, 18ii5.\\nPrivate Richard L. Crawford. I eiin. e. Feb. 4, l sii4; m. o. Jan.\\n23, 18(16.\\nCo Ml A .NY B.\\nCapt. KoUin C, Deiiisou. Dowagi.ic, Iraus. from Co. M, ct. 18(11\\ntrans, to Co. M. November ISill.\\nCapt. William Heazelil, Dowagiac. Irans. from Co. K. ,luly IS.\\n18(;2: m. o. Oct. 30, 18(i4.\\nSecond Lieut. John immons, Dowagiac, prom. Ist Lieut. Co, X.\\nMarch 7. ISC-a\\nCOMI ANY C.\\nKaidall. Wesley C, .letferson. e, March IsCo m. o. May 1\\nISdC.\\nCompany I),\\nBugler, (Jeorge Krupp. I ok.agon. e. Dec. 30. I\u00c2\u00bb(i?. m. o. March\\n2.5, ISiiii.\\nShanafels, George. Calvin, e. Feb. li. I8(io; in. o. Dec. IHCa.\\nFirst Lieut. John Munson. Volinia. com. March 7. !8iij; 2d\\nLieut. Dec. 4, l.S(;4; m. o. trans, to Co. G. .March 10. 18(16.\\nCompany G.\\nFirst Lieut, James .S. .McKlhony. Dowagiac. com. .May IS. ISd.!;\\n2d Lieut, Nov, 12, 18(12: killed in action at Monterey. Md,,\\nJuly 4, 18(13.\\nFirst Lieut, John Munson. Volinia. Irans. from Co. D. Ist Lieut.\\nMarch Id, ISil. m. o. March 10, 18(1(1.\\nTrivate Warren Simpson, Jetterson, e, Feb, 8. 18(15; ni. o. Di-i-\\n5, 18(15,\\nCompany K,\\nCapt, William M. Hazelet. Dowagiac, com. Nov, 12, 18(12; L d\\nLieut, Co, M wounded in action at Gettysburg July 3, 18(13\\nand at Cold Harbor June 1, 18(i4 trans. Capt, to Co. B m.\\no. Oct. 30, 18(14.\\nPRIVATES.\\nApted. William, Volinia, e. Feb. 15. 18(15: m. o. Dec. 5, 18(15.\\nConner, Isaac B., Volinia, e. Feb. 17, 18(15 trans, to Co. G.\\nFonger. William. La Grange, e. Nov, 30, 18(13.\\nHanna, Hezekiah. Volinia. e. Nov. 2(1, 18(13 died at Washington.\\nD. July 11. 18(14.\\nHerbert. William 1 Corp.. Volinia. e. Dec, \\\\o. l.S(13 m. o. .March\\n10, 18(15.\\nJames, Lewis, Volinia, e, Dec. Id. ISI13: m. o. March 10. ISdti.\\nKenny. James, blacksmith, Volinia. e. Nov. oO, 18(1.!: m. o. Jan.\\n10, 18(15,\\nMunson, John, saddler, Volinia. i-. Nov :io, isii:?: prom. 2d Lieut.\\nCo. D, Dec, 4, 18(14.\\n.Myers. James W\u00e2\u0080\u009e Jefferson, e. Feb. 7. Isdo: m. o. Dec. s, 18(15.\\nSweet. George W.. Volinia. c. Dec. 1(1. ISd:; m. u. .Inly 1(1, I8(l.\\nWelcher. Nelson, Volinia, e. Nov. 3(l. IS(13 died .1 Detroit. Mich..\\nOct. 27. 18(14.\\nWinegarden. Abram S.. Voliua. e. Nov. .;o. 18d:i dis. by order\\nJuly 7. 18(15.\\nCOMI AXV L.\\nCorp. Albert Vincent. Volinia. e. Aug. 20, l.sdl died in rebel\\nprison.\\nIvooiise. Herbert. Mason, e. Jan. 2d, 18(14; m. o. .Sept. 25, 18(15.\\nKedman, ,1. W.. .Mason, c. Feb. 2(1. I.S(15 m. o. Dec. 5. lsi.5.\\nCompany M,\\nCapt. Kollin C. Deuison, Dowagiac, c im. .\\\\ug 12, isdl resigned\\nApril 23, 1863.\\nCapt. David W.Clemmer, Dowagiac, com. May 2, 1863; mounded\\nin action at Gettysburg, I enn., July 3, 1863 m, o. Dec. 1 I,\\n1864,\\nFirst Lieut. Charles H. Sprague, Dowagiac, com. .Vug. 12, 1861\\nprom, Capt. Co. A.\\nFirst Lieut, David W. Clemnier, Dowagiac, com. Nov. 12, 1862;\\nprom. Capt. May 2, 1863.\\nSecond Lieut, David W. Clemmer, Dowagiac, com. .M.iy 12, ISdJ\\nprom. 1st Lieut. Nov. 12, 1862,\\nSecond Lieut. William M. Ileazlit, Dowagiac, com Aug. 12, 1861\\nprom. Capt. Co. K, Nov. 12, 1862.\\nFirst .Sergt. David W. Clemmer, Dowagiac, c. .\\\\ug. 12, 1861\\nprom. 2d Lieut. May 12, 1862.\\n.Sergt. Sidney G. Morse, Cassopolis: 1st Sergt. May 12, 18i)2\\nCommissary Sergt. Aug. 16, 1801 prom. 1st Lieut. Co. A.\\nSergt. William Dickson, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 12, 1861 prom. 2d\\nLieut. May 12, 1862: dis. for disability January, 1864.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Sergt. .loseph L. Tice, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 22, 1861 vet. Dec. 21,\\n1863; dis. by order Aug. 1, 1865.\\nSergt. John H. .Simmons, Dowagiac; prom. 2d Lieut. Co. D.\\nSergt. Matthew B. Dopp, Dowagiac, e. Aug. lit, 1861 vet. Dec.\\n21, 1863; m. o, March 25, 1866,\\nSergt, Gilbert Vincent, Volinia, e. Aug. 20, 1861 dis. for dis-\\nability Nov. 1, 1862;\\nSergt. .lohn W. Robinson, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 22, 1861 vet. Dec.\\n21, 1863; in. o. March 25, 18(i6.\\nCorp. James S. .McElheny, Dowagiac, c. Aug. 15, 1861 prom.\\nSergt, January, 1862; Sergeant Maj, October, 1862.\\nCorp. Charles Allen, Dowagiac e. .Vug. 16, 1861 prom, Sergt.\\nOctober, 18(12; died in rebel prison at Florence, Ala.\\nMusician .lohn H. Simmons, Dowagiac, e. Aug. Id, 1861 vet.\\nDec. 21, 1863; promoted.\\nMusician (ieorge W. Pierson, Dowagiac, c. .\\\\ug. 1(1, l.Sdl vi^t,\\nDec. 2 .i, 1863; m. o. July 29, 18(1.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COrXTY. MICHIGAN\\nKanier Aliriiin K. Sigcrfoos, Uowagiac, c. Aug. 19, 18iil vcl.\\nDec. 21. IH6:?: m. o. July 31, lS(;r\\nWagoner Daniel Kummell, Dowagiac, e. Aug. Ifi, 18G1 vcl. Dec.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Jl. 1S63: m. o. Aug. S, 1865.\\nI ltlV.MES.\\n.lames K. Leailer, Tokagoii c. Aug. 20, ISOl pronioled llnsiiilal\\nvartl.\\nAug. IG, 1801 dis. for disaliilily\\nHenry W. Ellis, Dowa\\nNot. 1, 1862.\\nCliarlcs Wilco.\\\\, Uow.-igiac. c. .\\\\ug. 16, 1861 prom. Sergt.: ili;\\nat eud of service.\\n.)i)lin II. Simmons. Dowaginc, c. Aug. 16 1861 prom. ^ergt.\\nAlbert II. Lewis, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 16, 1861 vel Dec. 21, 186:;\\nm. o March 2 1866.\\n,\\\\1.\\nvet. Dec. 21. 1868;\\n.\\\\nglc, Philip, Wayne, e. .Vug. l\\n0. March 25. 1866.\\nliarualiy. .Vlvin 1 Voliniii, c. .Ian. 2o, IHiU; dis. by order May\\n8, 17I-.5.\\nliarney, William W.. I,a lirange. e. Feb. 1-5. 1864: died of disease\\nAprils, 1S64.\\nBecraft. William F.. Dowagiac. e. Aug. 20. isiil; vet. Dec. 21,\\nISCS; dis. by order May Ml. 18ii5.\\nItentley. Pardon F., Pokagon, e. Aug. 13, Isnl vet. Dec. 21,\\nI8i;3: died at Alexandria. Va. Nov. 22. lsr,4.\\nBilderback. John. Silver Creek, e. Aug. 20. 18r,l vet. Dec. 21,\\nlS(i3 prom. Sergt.: trans, to Co. D.\\nI .ulhand, Joseph L.. Kdwardsburg. e. Aug. 22, 18iil vet. Dec. 21,\\nISiiS: m. 0. March 2 1H6(;.\\nCables, Jerome I., Volinia. e. Aug. 17, 18i;l vet. Dec. 21. lf 63:\\nm. 0. Aug. 7, 1865.\\nChatterson. Joseph. Silver Creek, c. .\\\\ug. Hi, 1S61 vet. Dec. 21,\\nISC,:!; m. o. Nov. 24, lsc,5.\\nClock, Miles A., Porter, e. m. o. .Uig. 7, lsii5.\\nColby. Frank. Penn, e. Feb. 2, I8c,4: vet. Dec. 21. 18ii:i; m. o.\\nJuly 10. 1865.\\nCook, .\\\\lbert H., Dowagiac, e. Aug. 21. Isfil dis. at end of serv-\\nice, Sept. 24, 18114.\\nCrawford, Charles! I enn, e. Feb. 16, 1861: died in action Wil-\\nderness, Va.. May 6. 1864.\\nDay, James E.. I orler. e. Feb. H. 1S64: m. o. March 25, ISiiii.\\nDewilt. Isaac A.. Dowagiac, e. Aug. 19. ISlil vcl. Dec. 21, lH(i:3\\nm. 0. March 2. I8i;i;.\\nUrunimond, Alcius, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 22. IStil dis. for disability\\nApril 10, 186.3.\\nEllsworth, Andrew J.: ni. o. March 2 iscc.\\n.Ensign. Leroy. Pokagon, c. Aug. 13. IWil died in battle at Win-\\nchester. Va.. May 24, 1\u00c2\u00ab62.\\nfiates, Henry C, Dowagiac. e. Sept. 5, I81II died of disease at\\nAlexandria. Va., Sept. 24. 1S62.\\nCrush. John, Volinia, c. .\\\\ug. 16. IS61 vet. Dec. 21. 1863: ni. 0.\\nMarch 25, lHi;i;.\\nIlutson, Edward R.. Dowagiac, e. Aug. 12, I8I1I dis. for dis-\\nability.\\nHull Franklin, Dowagiac. e. Aug. 22, 1861 vel. Dec. 21,IMii3:\\ndis. at end of service. .Vug. 22. 18114.\\nKing. John R., e. Oct. 10. 1X62: died in rebel prison, Richmond,\\nVa., Feb. 3, 1X64.\\nLabadie. A. C, Dowagiac. e. Aug. HI, I81II dis. lor disabilily\\nApril 3, 18113.\\nLaniphere. Elias, Dowagiac. e. Aug. 12, 1861 dis. for disability\\nApril. 1862. wounded.\\nliillie, (ieorge, Dowagiac. e. Aug. 17. ixdl dis. fordisabilily .Ian.\\n13, 1863, wounded.\\nLyons, John. Dowagiac. e. Aug. 16, 1861 dis. for disability Sep-\\ntember. 1S(12.\\nMcCreevy, Hiram. Dowagiac. e. Aug 17. 1861: vet. Dec. 21, 1863\\ndis.by order July 31, 18ii.5.\\n.Meacham, Charles, Dowagiac. c. .Vug. Di, 18 11 vcl. Dec. 21\\n1863 m. 0. March 25, ISilH.\\nMorland, Joseph, Volinia, e. Jan. In. I,s(i4 ni. o. March 25,\\nIXHIi.\\n.Norton, Cassius M., Dowagiac. e. Oct. 21, 1S62; dis. by order\\nJune 19, 1865.\\nNiver, William C. Ontw.i. e. Vug. 22, isnl die.l of disease at\\nAnnapolis, Mil., Oct. 3, IS112.\\nOrnt. Eli, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 22, 18(11 dis. at end of service.\\nOlney, Darwin, Dowagifto, e. Aug. 19, 18111 yet. Dec. 21, 1X63:\\nkilled in battle at Gettysburg, Penn.. July 3, 1X(13.\\nOyler, John. Dowagiac, c. Aug. 22, I811I dis. for disability .luly.\\nPeck, Coleman C, Cassopolis, e. Aug. 19, 1X61 dis. at end of\\nservice.\\nI eltigrew, William M., Uowagiac. e. Aug. 22, ixr.l vet. Dec. 21,\\n1X63; m. 0. .May 11. Is6ii.\\nPierce, Thomas P., Dowagiac. e. Aug. 16. 1X61 died of disease at\\nRichmond. Va.\\nReimer. Henry, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 16. 1X61 dis. for disabilily\\nNov. 29, 1862.\\nRobinson. Richard M., Dowagiac. c. .Vug. 22. 1861 vet. Dec. 21,\\n1X(13; m. 0. Aug. 22, 1864.\\nRoberts. Luman C, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 12, 1861: vel. Dec. 21,\\n1863: m. 0. Nov. 24. 1865.\\nRose, Alexander, La Grange, e. Dec. 21, 18il3 in. o. Aug. s.\\n1X65.\\nRutter, Benjamin II., Dowagiac, e. Aug. 20, 1x61 dis. iit end of\\nservice, Sept. 6, 1X64.\\nRutter. Henry C, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 17. ix-il died of disease\\n.Vpril. 1862.\\nSerrine. Ezra, Dowagiac. e. Aug. Hi. 1x61 dis. fordisabilily May,\\n1862\\nDec.\\nDec.\\nStulls. Seth S., Dowagiac. e. Vug. 26. 1861\\nSergt.: trans, to Co. F.\\nShrackengast, George W., Dowagiac, e. .Vugust 22, 186\\n21. 1X63.\\nShaw, John N., Corp., Dowagiac, c. Aug. 16, 1861 ilis. at end of\\nservice.\\nSimons, Joseph R. Dowagiac. e. .Aug. 22. 1861 vet. Dec. 21.\\n1863: died at Ft. Bridger, Utah, Nov. 18, 1S6\\nSmyth, Daniel, Dowagiac, e. .Vug. 22. 1X61 dis. for disability\\nJan. 14. I8fj3.\\nSpillman, Jacob, Dowagiac, e. .Vug. 26, IXol dis. by order.\\nStone, George. Corp., Jefferson, e. Feb. 7, 1865; m. o. March 25,\\n1866.\\nSnydam, William II., Silver Creek, e. Dec. 36, 1X63; dis. by\\norder Vug. 3, 1865.\\nTaylor. Ilalbert R. Wayne, e. Dec. 28, isr,:!; m. o. .Much 25,\\n1866.\\nThomas. Cassius. Porter, e. Feb. 19. IsiU died of yellow lever\\nMay 6. IX(i4.\\nTinkler, George W.. Dowagiac. e. .Vug. 16. IXiil dis. at end of\\nservice.\\nTice. Myron C. Dowagiac. e. Aug. 19. Isr.l ni. o. .Inly I i. 18115.\\nWatson. Joseph H.. Dowagiac, e. Aug. 21. IXill taken prisoner\\nin aation at Kobh s Tavern. Va.\\nWilber. Oscar, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 22, IxiU died of disease .Vug.\\n29. 1X112.\\nWiley, James P.. Dowagiac. c. Aug. 17. 1861 vet. Dec 21. 1X113\\nm. 0. March 25. 1866.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MTCHTGAX.\\nCHAPTER XIX.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ASS roU.NTY IN THK WAR OF THE RRBELLION.\\n(CONTINUKD)\\njiiarterma3ler Sergl. S. .1. W. Thomas, e. 1862 killed at battle of\\nBear Rivei-, Feb. 29, 18fi3.\\nAndrews, James H., Mnson, e. Aug. 27, 18fi4: dis. by order .lu\\n.3, 1W5.\\n.sei-oiid, Thiril, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Ninth and Eleventh Cavalry\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Barker, John C\\n.ight Artillery\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fourteenth Biittery--Inf:iiitry Organizations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The\\nNinth. Kleventh, Thirtpnnth. In\\\\irtpeiith, Fifteenth, Sixteenth,\\nSpvpnteonth, Twenty-foin I h, 1 \u00c2\u00abr)ity-nftli, Twenty-eight and Thir-\\ntieth\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tlic One Hundred ami Se oinl r. S. Colored Infantry\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cass\\ne. Ilcl.\\n1865.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2A. Kes. Corps.\\n1864; ni. o. Aug.\\nion at Mossy Creek,\\nt 1864 m. o. Aug.\\nIN the foregoing chapter have been given the rosters\\nof ail of the full companies from Cass County, to-\\ngether with very brief histories of the regiments to\\nwhich they were assigned. In the present chapter\\nappears the roster of Cass County soldiers in miscella-\\nneous organizations of the infantry, cavalry and artil-\\nlery service. Great care has been exercised in the\\ncompilation of this roster. It contains every name\\nand fact procurable from the Adjucant Generals office, Griffith, John W., e. Sept\\nat Lansing. The lists have also been verified in all\\ncases where it was practicable by members of the com-\\npanies to which they have reference. If the roster as Hewitt. Henry W., e. Sept, Kl, 1861 dis. for disability May :iO,\\nhere presented is incomplete or inaccurate (as it\\nBurns, Lawrence, c. .Sept. 14, ISfil\\naction in Alabama Oct. 7, 18K4.\\nBurns, Roger, e. Sept. 14, 1861 vet.\\n186.5.\\nCarlisle. William, e. .Sept. 14, 1861 I\\nDailey, Hiram, e. .Nov. 14, 1861 ve\\n17, 18 i5.\\nKisele, Felix, e. Sept. 24, 1K61 died\\nnee. 27, 186:1.\\nKisele, Martin, e. Sept. 24. 1861 vet\\n17. 1SH.5.\\nGoodrich, J. T., e. Nov. 1, 1861 vet. Jan. 5, 1SH4\\n1864 m. 0. .Vug.\\n1. 1864; died in\\n864; m. o. Aug. 17,\\nan. 6, 1864; m. o. Aug.\\n186.5.\\nHanson, John, e. Sept. 16. 1861 dis. at end of service Oct. 22,\\n1864.\\ndoubtless is in some degree), the fact is attributable to\\nthe neglect of officers, whose iluty it was to return\\nfull and complete lists to the Adjutant General.\\nSECONli REUIMENT MICHKJAN VOLUNTEER CAVALRY-\\nFellows, Austin 1 Milton, Nov. 8, 186:^ m. o. Aug. 17, 18C,.-,\\nKelchnm, Alonzo,c. Sept. 14. IStil vet. Ja\\n1864 m. o. Aug.\\nFurrier, .John H. Ashley, .Mason, e\\norder June 20, 1865.\\nRix, Alfred, Mason, e. Aug. 24, 18ii4\\nCreek, Ala., Nov. 5, 1864.\\nStephens, George, Mason, e. .Vug 24,\\n20, 1865.\\nAug 24, 1864; dis. by\\ntaken prisoner at Shoal\\n1861; dis. by order .lune\\nora. Au\\n24, 1861 resigned\\nFirst Lieut. Andrew J. Fi\\nAug. 31, 1862.\\nFirst Lieut. John H. hution, com. Sept. 9, 1862; 2d Lieut. Au\\n24, 1861 resigned for disvhility April 0, 1864\\n(Juirtermaster Sergt. William P. Thomas, e. Sept 12, 186\\ndied of disease at Corinth, Miss., .lune 25, 1862.\\nSergt. .lay Blodgett, e. Sept. 16, 1861 dis f .r lis=ihiliiy Sept.\\nI.ayton, James L., Newhurg. m. o. Aug, 17, 1865.\\nLoveland, Andrew J., e. Sept. 21, 1861 vet. Jan. 5, 1864.\\nLowry, William S., e. Sept. IX, 1861 vet. Jan. 5, 1864; dis. by\\norder June 4, 1865.\\nLyhacher, I orter, Mason, e. Aug. 14, 1861 m. o. July 5, 1865.\\nMallory, Marquis D., e. Oct. 1, 1861 dis. at end of service Oct.\\n22, 1864.\\n.Manco, Theo., e. Sept. LS, 1861; vel. Jan. 5, 1864; in. o. Aug.\\n17, 1865.\\nMann, George H., Mason, e. Aug. 14, 1862; m. o. Aug. 17, 1865.\\nMannering, W. H., e. Oct. lo, 1861 dis. for disability Aug. 16,\\n1862.\\nMarshall, .lames M., Mason: c. Aug. Ml, 1862; dis. for disability\\nDec. 6, 1862.\\nMoore, Lorenzo D., e. Sept. 24, 1861 vet. Jan. 5, 1864 diedo f\\nwounds at Shoal Creek, Ala., Dec. I, 1864.\\nNelson, Edgar, e. Sept. 16, 1861 vet. Jan. 5, 1864 dis. by order\\nMay I .l, 18155.\\nI arker, Chandler, e. Nov. 1. l.Hiil vet. Jan. 5, 18(i4 m. o. Aug.\\n17. 18(i5.\\nShockley, Alfred, e. Sept. 14, 1861 vel. Jan. 5,1864 m. o. Aug.\\n17, 1865.\\n18iil dis. at end of service Oct. 22,\\norp. John K. Slark. e Sept. 17.18\\n14. 1862.\\n^)rp. Harvey L. Drew, e. .Sepi. 16. 1\\n2, 1861.\\norp. Albert I Anderson\\nSmith, Henry, e. Sept.\\n18114.\\nSmith, Waller, e. Sept. 17, ISiil dis. at end of service Oct. 22,\\n18114.\\nSiark, Edward, e. .Sept. 24, ISill dis. for disability Oct. 20, 18il2.\\nStilson, Hiram, mason, e. Aug. 14, 18il2; trans, lu Vet. Res.\\nCorps Feb. 15, 18ii5.\\nSept. 14, 18111 died of wounds Stilson, John, Mason, e. Sept. I, 18il4; m. o. Aug. 17, I8ii5.\\nfor disability Aug.\\nms. to au Cav. Nov.\\nnear Boonville .Miss., July 3, 1862\\nCorp. William H. Todd. e. .Sepl. 16,\\nDec. VI, 1862.\\nCorp. Samuel .Maxham, e. Sept. 18,\\nDec. 6, 1862.\\nCorp. Vbner I Slimp40u, e. Sept. I I, 1\\nm. o. Aug. :10, 1865\\nWagoner Robert Lingrell, e. Sept 8,\\nprom. Sergt,; m. o. .\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Vug. 17, 1865.\\nSlillson. Willi;\\nC, Ma\\ne. Aug. 24, 18H4:\\n0. Aug.\\n18111\\ndis for disability\\ndis. for disability\\nWelling, Jacob, dis. for disability March 25, ISilo.\\n^Villiams, Richard J., e. Sept. 14, ISHl vet. Jan. 5, 18il4; dis.\\nfor promotion Sept. 20, 18114.\\nWilliama. TUeodoie. e, Sepl. 18, 1861 killed by guerrilla-s at\\nMadisonville, Tenn., March 7, 18il4.\\nWooden, Timothy, e. Sept. 16, 1861 died of disease at St. Louis.\\nMo., Jan. 31, 1862.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CAS? rOT NTY. MICHIGAN.\\nTHIRD RE(UMENT MirHIGAN VOMJNTKER CAVALRY.\\nCOMPANV A.\\nSmith, George W Vi\\nFeb. 1ft, 18d4 m. o. Fch. 12, 186li.\\nSccoml Lieut. Morrel Wells, La tirange, e. Seyl. M), I8fil. corp\\nvet. .laji. 19, 1864; sergt prom. 2 l Lieut, i o. F; |iroin.\\n1st. Lieut 0. 1, Nov. 17, 18f,4: m. o. Feb. 12, ISfili.\\nSecond Lieut. Robert H. Carr, nowagiac, e. Sept. 26, ]St;i;\\nCorp., scrgt.. 2d Lieut, .luly 4, 1861 m. u. as sergt., Feb 2,\\n1866.\\nBeebe, BcDJaniin, F., Volinia, e. Feb. 24, ISill died ol disease\\nDuval s Bluff, Ark., .lul.y 29, 1864.\\nVance, William. I., Volinia, e. .Ian. 19, 1864; m. o. Feb. 12, 1866\\nWallace, .lohn I., Dowagiac, e. Sept. i), 1861 dis. for prom.,\\n.lunc 2(1. 186.5.\\nCompany I.\\nFirst Lieut. Morrel Wells, La Grange, com. Nov. 17, 1864; in. u.\\nFeb. 12, 1866.\\nCdMI .^NV M.\\nFoster, David, Pokagon, c. Dec. 29, 1868; m. Feb. 12, 1866.\\nFOURTH REGIMENT .MICHIGAN VllLUNTEKR CAVALRY.\\nCompany A.\\nMcManus, .lohn. La Grange, e. Nov. 1863 m. o. Aug. l- i,\\n1865.\\nCompany C.\\nMcCoy, William, D. P. R., Aug. 1. 1862; m. o. .luly 1, 186-5.\\nPartridge. Edwin l Pokagon, e. Dec. 5, 1863; m. o. Aug. \\\\o,\\n1 865.\\nKiggs, Rensselaer, P iter. e. Aug. 18 1864; ni. .luly 1, 1865.\\nShoemaker, .John H., Maroellus, e. .luly 15, 1862; ni. o. .July 1,\\n186.-..\\nCompany G.\\nCowles, David B., Howard, e. Nov, 3, 1863 trans, to Veteran\\nReserve Corps, Aug. 17, 1864.\\nCompany I.\\nBedwell, George W., Dowagiac, e. Aug. 11, 1862 in. o. .July 1,\\n1865.\\nCorp. Brown, Preston W., Dowagiac, e. .luly 29, 1862; ni. o. .luly\\n1, 1865.\\nDriskel, Noah, Porter, e. Aug. 11, 1862; dis. for disability April\\n2, 1863.\\nEaton, Frank P.. Dowagiac, e. .\\\\ug. 11, 18ii2; dis. for disability\\nMarch 3, 1863.\\nFetterly Charles, Dowagiac. e. Aug. 2, 1862 ni. o. .luly 1, 18t;5.\\n.loy, Franklin D., Penn, e. Aug. U, 1862 m. o. May 3, 1865.\\nKennedy, David A.. Penn, e. Aug. II, 1862; m. o. July 1, 1865.\\nPowers, Samuel (I., Dowagiac, e. Aug. 11, 1862; died of disease\\nat Nashville, Tenn.,. Ian. 12. 1863.\\nUober.son, .lohnathan S., corp.. e. .Vug. 2. 1862 trans, to et.\\nRes. Corps Sept. 1. 1863.\\nMatthews. William. Penn. e. Aug. 11. l. ;r,2; sick at Nashville\\nFirst Lieut, lliram F. Heals, Dowagiac. com. .Aug. l: 18ii2.\\n(.iuartci master Sergt. William H. Davis. Dowagiac. c. .luly 26,\\n18112; dis. by order May 19, 1865.\\nCommi-sary .Sergt. .lames W. .Vrgo. e. .July 2L I8ii2; m. o. .luly\\n1. 1865.\\nScrgl. .lames D. Dawson, e. .Vug. II. 18i;2; dis. fur disiibiliiy\\n.luly 8. 1863.\\nSergt. Edward Peaice. Wayne, c. Aug. 15. lKi,2; ni. o. .luly I.\\n18(15.\\nt orp. Truman P.ind. VVaync. e. Aug. 2. 1862; died of disease at\\nLouisville. Ky.. Oct. 27. 1 862.\\nCorp. George .Scott, Volinia, e, Aug. 5. I8il2; dis. for ilisahilily\\n.Ian. I. 1863,\\nCorp. .lohn Fo.\\\\. Milton, e. Aug. 7, 1862; dis. by order May I l.\\n18(15.\\nCorp. Elias Ingling, Dowagiac. c. Vug, 9. 18112; m, o, .luly 1.\\n18(i5.\\nCorp. .lohn W. Bowles. Volinia. e. .\\\\ug. 7, 18(12; absent sick at\\nm. o.\\nFarrier Henry Cooper. Dowagiac. e. .\\\\ug. 13. 1862; m. o. ,luly\\n1. 1865.\\nTeamster harles D. Northrup, Dowagiac. e. Aug. 5. 1862; m. o.\\n.luly 1. 1865.\\nWagoner, .Josiah I pes. e. Vu;. 2. 18(12 m. o. .luly I. I8(;5.\\ndisability\\nMorton, Charles L.. Porter, e. Aug. II. 18(12;\\nFeb. 27. 1863.\\nSigerfoos, Albertus. Porter, e. Aug. II. I8il2: sick at Na.shvillc\\nScrgt. Witherell. Ileury A.. Pokagon. e. Vug. II. 1862; died of\\ndisease at Nashville. Tenn.. April, 9. 1864.\\nLewis, .lames. Newburg, e. Vug. 11. 1862; killed in aelioii .it\\nStone River.\\nLewis. Franklin B., e. .Vug. 11, 1S(12 died of digease at Nash-\\nville.\\n.\\\\bbott, Hiram, .Milton, e. Aug. 16, 1862; m, o. .luly 1, 1865\\nAldrich, James M., e. Aug. 12, 1862; died nf oisease at Lebanon.\\nKy., Nov. 18, 1862.\\nArnold, Alvin, Newburg, e. .Vug. 13. 1862; trans, to Vol. Res.\\nCorps.\\nArnold, Robert, Volinia, e. Aug. II, 1862; m. o. .luly 1, 1865.\\nBaldwin, Thomas, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 5, 1862; ni. o. July 1, 1865.\\nDunbar, George W., Milton, e. Aug. 13, 1862; m. o. July 1865.\\nFinch, .Mathew, Volinia. e. Aug. 10, 1862; dis. for disability May\\n1, 1863.\\nFerris, Albert P., Volinia, e. Aug. 11, 1862; dis. by order .May 3,\\n1865.\\nGarwood, Levi J., Volinia. e. Aug. 2, 18(i2; dis by order .luiie\\n29, 1865.\\ni Higgins, George W., Dowagiac, e. .luly 26, 1862; ui. o. July 1,\\nI 1865.\\nI Haight, Horatio, Marcellus, e. Aug. 7, 1862; m. o. July 1, 1865.\\nHoyt, Henry, Dowagiac, e. .Vug. 2, 1862 died of disease at Nash-\\ni ville, Dec. 26, 1862\\nI Huft\\\\ Simon, Volinia, e. Aug. 15, 1862; m. o. July I, 1865.\\nj Humiston. Perry, e. Aug. 8, 1862; m. o. July 1, 1865.\\nj Jaquays. William, Volinia, e. Aug. 15, 1862; transferred lo\\nVet. Res. Corps Jan. 15, 1K64.\\nLittle, .lohn H., Volinia, e. Aug. 6, 1S62; dis. for disability Feb.\\nI 11, 18113.\\nNorthrup, Freeman G., Dowagiac, e. Aug. 6, 18(12 died of disease\\nat .Mitchellville, Tenn., Nov. 22, I8(i2.\\nParks, James, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 6. 1862; dis. by order .Vpril 2s,\\nj 1865.\\nPond, Wesley D., Dowagiac, e. Aug. 9, 18(12; ni. o. July I. IN(15.\\nQuick, Robert I., Dowagiac, c. Vug. (l, IS(l2; dis, for di-iahility\\nFeb, 4, 18113.\\nRankin, John E,, Dowagiac, e. Aug, 12. 1X62; ni, o. July I, 1.S65.\\nShanahan, Henry, e, Aug, 12, 18112; m, o, July 1, 1x65,\\nSouthworth, George M,, Volinia, e. Vug. II, l.X(i2; ni. n, .luly I,\\nLSdu.\\n.Sweelland. James ,M,, Dowagiac, c. ,Vu!;, 7, 1862; dis, lor ili.sa-\\nl)ility Jan, 7, 1863,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MTOHIGAX\\nSwcetland, John B., Edwardsburg, e. Aug. 12, lm2 dis. by order\\nto appointment as I nited States .Medical Cadet Sept. 20, 1W3.\\nTaylor, Nelson, m. o. .July 1, M lO.\\nThompson, Benjamin F., .Milton, e. Aug. 15, lS(i2; prom, to Corp.\\n1863, after the battle of t-tone River; dis. for disability\\nXov. 11, 1K(14.\\nTharp, John L., Penn e. Aug. 18ii2; dis. for disability March\\n25, lK(i4.\\nVan Tuyl, John, Dowagiac, e. Aug. hi, 18112; ni. o. July 1, 18115.\\nVaughn, Dewitt C, t alvin, e. Aug. H, 1K(12; died of disease in\\nIndiana March Is, 1,H(13.\\nWelch, Michael, La Grange, e. .\\\\ug. o, 1X62; died in rebel prison,\\nRichmond Va.. Dec. 18, 1W12.\\nWelcher. -Sherman B., Volinia, e. Aug. H, 18r,2; died of disease at\\nWoodsonville. Ky.. Dec. 18ii2.\\nWilson, Samuel, Dowagiac, e. Aug. H, 1,hii2; m. o. July 1, 18115.\\nRECRIITS UNASSIONEII.\\nBrown, Simeon, Wayne, e. Nov. 18, 18(13.\\nDay, Robert B., Wayne, e. Dec. 21, 18(13.\\nRigin. Thomas, Mason, e. Nov. 3, 18(13.\\nRoss, William, Silver Creeli, e. Dec. 23, 18(13.\\nRandall, Charles, Silver Creek, e. Aug. 30, 18(14.\\nShoemaker. Franklin Penn, e. Dec. 23, 18(l3.\\nWilliams, Leonard W.. Penn, e. Xov. 3, 18(13.\\nFIFTH REOIMENT MICHWAN VOLUNTEER CAVALRY.\\nPlELl) ANO STAFK.\\nSurg. Sylvester L. Morris, Dowagiac. Oct. 23, IK(13; A3\u00c2\u00abistau\\nSurgeon Sept. 3, 18(13; resigned July 28. 18(14.\\nDean. Kdw.ird, La (irange, e. Jan. 23, 18(15; transferred to Isl\\nMichigan Cavalry.\\nRandall. Wesley C, Jefferson, c. .March 13, 18(15; m. o. May 1\\niKdd.\\nShilling, Lemuel C, Voliiiia, e. March 15, 18(15; in. o. Jan. D,\\nCi Ml\\nKing. Franklin T., La Grange, c. Jan. (1, 18(15; tiansferred to\\nIst Michigan Cavalry.\\n0Mr\\\\.\\\\v K.\\nIluyck, Alva H., Volinia, e. March 15, IK(15; transferred to 7lh\\nMichigan Cavalry.\\nClIMCANV M.\\nHarrington, Silas. Silver Creek, e. Feb. 17, 18(15; transferred (o\\n7(h Michigan Cavalry.\\n.SIXTH KEdlMENT MICHIHAN VOLl NTEER AV.ALKY.\\nCOMI .A.NV K.\\nSavage. Frank Marcellus. e. .March -11, 18(15: ui. o. Feb. 1(1,\\n1866.\\nlll.MCA.NY G.\\nBranch, Arthur K. Silver Creek, c. .March 7, 1865; m. o. Feb.\\n16, 1866.\\nNearpass, Ira N, Newberp, c. .March 31, 1865; in. n. May 16,\\n1866.\\nCn.MCASV K.\\nPotts. Janice II., Silver Cicek, e. March 10. 1865; in.... March\\n31, 1866.\\nOMl ANV L.\\nBliss, Edwin S.. Newberg. o .Ian. 26, 1864; m. o. May :10.\\n18115.\\nDewey, Orlando, Marcellus; in. o. March 25. 1866.\\nKilmer, George P., I enii, e Feb 11, 1864; m. o. .Iiine 24. 1865.\\nMathers, William, Silver (reek, e. Feb. 17,1865; m. o. March\\n10, 1866.\\nCO.MI ANY M.\\nCole, Hiram G., JeHerson, e. Feb. 6, 1865; m. o. Feb. 8, 1866.\\nDeline, Frank H., Calvin, e. Feb. 6, 1865; died of disease at St.\\nLouis, Mo., June 24, 1865.\\nSEVENTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER CAVALRY.\\nCo-MCANY A.\\n.\\\\lexander, ^amuel, Jefferson, e. Sept. 1862; missing in ac-\\nti..n.\\nCrocker, William A., Jefferson, e. Sept. 0, 1862; tri^ns. to Invali.l\\nCorps Sept. 10, 1863.\\n(Jollins, Joseph E., Pokagon, e. Sept. 12, 1862; died at .\\\\lexan-\\ndria, Va., J.an. 12, 1864.\\nFoster, Zaoh trans, to Isl Mich. Cav.\\nHarrison, Jesse, Jefferson, e. Sept. J. 1862; trans, to Vet. Res.\\nCorps, April 10, 1864.\\nHenderson, William, Milton, e. Dec. 20, 1862; m. o. June 7, 1865.\\nHuyck, John.\\nMaloy, Thomas, Pokagon, e. Sept. 29, 1862; m. o. Dec. 15, 1865.\\nVlilliman, Samuel, Pokagon, e. Sept. 18, 1862.\\ni Nels.m, Walter, Pokagon, e. Sept. 29. 1862 died in battle at Get-\\ntysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863.\\nPeck, George P., Jefferson, e. Sept. 9, 1862; dis. for disability\\nNov. 25, 1862.\\nRichardson, Varnum, Pokagon, e. Sept. 15, 1862; dis. for dis.\\ni ability March 28, 1863.\\nI Smith, Thomas J., Milton, e Dec. 25, 1862; m. o. July 6, 1865.\\nI Stout, John, Milton; m. o. Dec. 15, 1865.\\ni Wortler, George A., Milton, c. Dec. 27, 1862.\\nIrwin, .Vndrcw m. o. Dec. 15, 18(35.\\nNINTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER CAVALRY.\\nFIKLO AND STAFF.\\nChaplain John Fletcher, Edwardsburg, Aug. 23, 1864 m. o. July\\n21, 1865.\\nCompany L.\\napt. George Miller, Pokagon. Nov. 3, 1862; resigne.l March 12,\\n1864.\\nCommissary Sergl. James F. Prater, Wayne, e. Dec. 12, 1862;\\nprom Regimental Commissary Sergt. May I. 1864 m. o July\\n21, 1865.\\nSergl. Henry L. Barney, Wayne, e. Dec. 1, 1S62; prom, in U. S.\\nCav. Troops.\\nSergt. (lagon Dunham, Volinia, e. Dec. 28, 1862; ni. o. June 30.\\n1863.\\nCorp. Martin Ijuinlan, Volinia, e. Jan. HI, 1863; m. o. .luly 21,\\n1865.\\nTeamster John Oyler, Pokagon. e. Nov. 12, 1862; m. o. Dec. 5,\\n1865.\\nBarrett, George, Wayne, e. Dec. 28, 1862; m. o. June 13, 1S65.\\nBlackman, Jerome, Dowagiac, e. March 24, 1863 in. o. July\\n21, 1865.\\nBrownell, William, Wayne, e. Dec. 27. 1862; m o. May 27. 1865.\\nEllsworth, Daniel, Howard, e. Jan. 1.1863; dis. for .Usability\\nJune 9, 1865.\\nElliott, Franklin, Jefferson, c. .Ian. 1, 1863: died in rebel prison\\nat Richmond, Va., Feb. 17, 1864.\\ntiarrigan, John, Volinia, e. Dec. 18, 1862: died in rebel |iris..n\\npen. Andersonville, Ga., June 19. 1864.\\nKelly. E.lgar D.. Waynf. e. Dec. 13. 1862: m July 21, 1865.\\nRose, .lolui H.; D. wagiac, e. April 28, 1863: dis. for disability\\nJune 9, 1865.\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "aiSTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSmiih, JuJson, Wayne, e. Jan. 12, 18H3: m. o. July 21, 18ii5.\\n.Siiiilli, Henry, Silver Creek, e. Jan. 12, 18i;:?; died of disease in\\nTennessee, Dec. 27, 18i;8.\\nTravis, I lzekiel, Wayne, e. Nov. 11, 18i;2: m. o, Dec. 18i ,.5.\\nOveiheck, Augustus, Volinia, e. .Ian 8, ISr,:!; died at Dandridge,\\nTennessee, Dec. 15, 18f,3.\\nWilli.ims, James A., Corp., Venn e. Dec. 2!l, 18(;2 in. o. July21,\\n18(15.\\nDavis, M. Barney.\\nWillis Barney.\\nELEVENTH REOIMKNT .MICHIOAN VOLITNTEER CAVALRY.\\nI OMl .KXY (.i.\\nCanning. George. Marcellus. e. Nov. 18(5. m. n. N ov. 2, 1865.\\nCOMI ANY I.\\nAllen, William H., I enn, e. ^epl. Ui I8i ,.3; m. o. May 17, 1805.\\nCanning, Tlionins, Miircellus, e. .Sept. Ifl, 18113; ni. o. Aug. 24,\\nI.etlick, Wil\\nLa Grange, e. Dec. 7, 18113 ni. o. Sept. 22, 18(15.\\nCompany K.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Sergl. Horace ft. Brown, Ontwa, e. Sept. 22, 1.^(18; died of dii\\nease at Le.\\\\iDgtiin, Ky., Jnly 8, 1,S(14.\\nBlackburn, Thomas, Ontwa, e. Nov. 2, 18(13;\\n22,\\nBlue. Krwin, Ontwa, e. Nov. 2, IWi killed by accident at Shel-\\nby ville, Ky., July 17, 18114.\\nBrown, Carlton, Ontwa, e. Sept. 30, 18i!3; ni.o. July 18, 18(1.-).\\nLofand, Joshua, Ontwa, e. Sept. 1, 18(13; ni. o. Sept. 22, 18(15.\\nFarrier William W. Marr, Ootwa, e. Sept. 22, 18(13; m. o. Seiil.\\n22; 18(16.\\nSaddler .\\\\lbert H. Raymond, Ontwa, e. Oc(. 18(13 m. o. Sept.\\nShideler, George, Ontwa, e. Oct. 2(1. 18(13; m. o. .Sept. 22. 18(15.\\nShiar, .\\\\lonzo S., Ontwa, e. Sept. 22, 18(13 died of disease at\\nAshland, Ky., July 11. 18(14.\\nStark, Edward, Silver Creek, e. Sept. 10, 18(1.!; m. o. Oct. 9,\\n18i 0.\\nSteele, John S. Ontwa, e. Oct. 14, 18(13 m. o. Sept. 22, 18(15.\\nFarrier Wieling, .lacob H., Silver Creek: e. Sept Id, 18(13; ni.\\n0. .Sept. 22, l.H(15.\\nFIRST MICHIGAN LIGHT ARTILLERY.\\nBattbkv\\nSecond Lieut. George J. .Nash, Vulinia, March (1, 18(l. i; m. o\\n28, 18115.\\n(lanning .Samuel m. o. July 28, 18(1).\\nIlickox, William If., La Grange, e. Dec. 30, 18(13; m. o.\\n28, 18(10.\\nMesler, William, La Grange, e. Dec. 25, 18(13; m.o. July 28,\\n(dy28, 18\\nWillianis. Levi P., I\\nFeb. 18(13\\nBattkhy I\\nAbliolt, .Seneca W., Ontwa, e. Sept. 18(14 ni. o. Aug. 30,\\nNorris, Webb m. o. .\\\\I\u00c2\u00ab\\nG.\\nSmith, Horace, .Sergl., Adamsville, e. Nov. 23, 18(11 dis. f\u00c2\u00ab\\nability Aug. 25, 18(1;;.\\nWickerly, David, e. Dec. 15, IHd\\n1802.\\nfor disability July\\nFOURTEENTH BATTERY.\\nI BIVATES.\\nArmstrong. Benjamin F., Fokagon, e. .Sept. 17, 18(13; dis. for dis-\\nability .May 15, 18(1.5.\\nArnold, Kdward R., Corp Volinia, e. Oct. 18(18 m. o. July 1,\\n1805.\\nBarney, Myron F., Newberg, e. Sept. 7, 1803; m. o. .Inly I,\\n1805.\\nlilanchard, George L., I okagon, e. Sept. 6, 1804; m. o. .luly I,\\n18(1. T.\\nBurnham, Charles M., Jetferson, e. Dec. 31, 1803 ni. o. .luly 1,\\n1805.\\nCanfield, Washington B., .Mircellus, e. Sept. 17, 1803; .lis. for\\ndisability Jan. 12, 1805.\\nCrane, Judson J., I okagon, e. Sept. 3, 1804 m. o. .July I, 1805.\\nDay, Alexander P., Volinia, e. Sept. 3, 1804 m. o. July 1, 1805\\nDavis, Charles J., Newburg, e. Sept. 7, 1803; m. o. July 1.\\n18(15.\\nDrake, George S., Newberg, e. Oct. 3, 1803: m. o. July I, 1805.\\nj Goff. William 11., Penn, e. Sept. 4, 1803 m. o. July 1, 1805.\\nGoff, Stephen C, Peun, e. SepL 3, 1804; m. o. July 1, 1805.\\nj Golf, Sylvester J., Volinia, e. Sept. 3, 1804; m. o. July 1, 1805.\\nGoodrich, George, Pokagon, e. Sept. 5, 1804; m. o. .luly I.\\n1805.\\nHarwood, William M., Penn, e. Aug. 2!l, 1804; m. o. July 1,\\n1805.\\nHolloway, Charles, Newberg, e. Sept. 12, 1803; m. o. Julyl,\\n1805.\\nHolloway, William, Penn, e. Aug. 25, 1804 m. o. July 1 1805.\\nHutchings, William W., Newberg, e. Sept. 2(1, 1803; dieil of dis-\\nease at Washington, I). C, March 21, 1804.\\nLemon, John F., Penn, e. Sept. 1, 1804; m. o. July I, 1805.\\nMartin, Robert N., Penn, e. Sept. 6, 1803; dis. for disability Nov.\\n23, 1804.\\nMurphy, William, Jefferson, e. .Ian. 2, 1804 m. o. July 1, 1805.\\nPatrick, Christopher, Corp., .Marcellus, e. Sept. 7, 1803; mo.\\nJuly 1, 1805.\\nPembcrton, Eliphalet, Marcellus, e. Oct. 3, 1863 m. o. July 1,\\n1805.\\nPound, Isaac S., Pokagon, e. Sept. 1. 1804; m. o. July 1, 1805.\\nRudd Baruk L., Newberg. e. Sept. 9, 1803; m. o. July 1, 1805.\\nShoemaker, Frank C, Pokagon, e. Aug. .30, 1804; m. o. July 1,\\n180.-..\\nSkinner, James R., Marcellus, e. Oct. 2, 1803; m. o. July 1,\\n1805.\\nSkinner, Harrison H., Marcellus, dis. for disability Dec. o. 1804.\\nTompkins, .Melvin R., Newberg, e. Sept. 20, 1863; ra. o. July I,\\n1805.\\nTurengo, Andrew, Jefferson, e. ,Ian. 4, 1804: m. o. July 1, 1805.\\nVincent, Henry, Volinia, e. Oct. 2, 1803 m. o. July 1, 1805.\\nWetherell, Smith D., Corp., Volinia. e. Nov. 5, 1803 m. o. July 1,\\n1805.\\nWilsey, Erasmus, Marcellus, e. Sept. 10, 1804; m. o. July 1,\\nFIRST REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nCOMI ANY F.\\nSergt. Frank Upson, Howard, e. July 17, 1801 died in aedon at\\nGaines Mills June 27, 1802.\\nSECOND REOIMENT MIOHIGAN VdLlINTEKK INFANTRY.\\nCOMI-ASY E.\\nCorp. .loel (Juwgill, Calvin, e. May 25, 1801 (rans. to Vet.\\nRes. Corps July I, 1803.\\nSergt. Johns. Gliddou, e. .May 21. 180! vet Dec .l, l.so:: .lis\\nby order Sept. 15. 1804.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "l:u\\nHTSTOIlY OF CASS COUNTY. MlCIlTCAN.\\nrrivate William Jackson, Jefferson, e. May 2r., l?in vet. Bee.\\nDec. 31, 18i;3 in. o. July 28, ISti.i.\\nSergt. Benjamin F. Lee, Ontwa, e. May 25, 18K1 died May, 18,\\nI8ii2, of wounds received at Williamsburg.\\nCorp. Henry Meacham, Ontwa, e. May 25, ISHl trans, to Vet.\\nRes. Corps Feb. 15, 18i 4.\\nCO.MP.*.NY 1.\\nColeman, Franci.* A., Wayne, e. Feb. 21, IMtio dig. by order June\\n15, 18ti5.\\nFIFTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nCompany A.\\nHaigh, William, e. Aug. 28, ISHl vet. Dec. 15, 18i)8.\\nCo.Mi-.\\\\!\u00c2\u00abv l).\\nStamp, F,. M., Porter, e. Sept. 18, 18112; m. o. June .3, 18i;.\\nSEVENTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\n.\\\\asistant Surgeon Cyrus Bacon, Ontwa, enrolled June HI, 18111,\\nat Fori Wayne (near Detroit), Mich mustered in Aug. 22,\\n18111: resigned May il, 18ti2; appointed Ass t Surgeon of\\nRegular Army July :J, 18il2; died .Sept. 1, 18(18.\\nTENTH RKGIMENT MICIIIGAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\n(lOMPANT C.\\n.\\\\yers, Tliuinas B., Porter, e. Oct. 27, 1864; m. o. July 19, 18il5.\\nBarker, Peter, Marcellus, e. Oct. 31. 18114; m. o. July 19, 18115.\\nBrown, William A., Calvin, e. Nov. 2, 1864: m. o. July 19, 8il5.\\nBaer, Westell, Marcellus. e. Oct. 2il, 18tl4:\\nJuly 111, 1811.-..\\nCom p.* XT K.\\nPhilips, John, NewI.erg. e. Jan. 17, 18K4; m. o. July 19, 18ij5.\\nELEVENTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER IN-\\nFANTRY (old).\\nCompany C.\\n.\\\\ngle, John A., Wayne, e. -\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Vug. 24. 18H1 died of disease ai\\nBardstown, Ky., March 20, 18H2.\\nBeardsley, Elisha L., e. Nov. 22, I81II died of disease at Bards-\\ntown. Ky.. June 31,181.2.\\nBirdgeit, John, e. Aug. 24. I81U dis. for disability Sept. 15,\\n1862.\\nParnham, John B., Ontwa, e. Ang. 24, ISill died of disease at\\nBardslown, Ky., Feb. 6. 18t;2.\\nEIGHTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nCompany A.\\nGrant, William, Pokagon, e. Dec. 21, 18t;3 died in aition near\\nPetersburg, Va., June 27, 1864.\\nLane, Thomas, Milton, e. Dec. 22, 1863; m. 0. July 30, 18i;5.\\nNINTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nCOMPASV A.\\nAyres, Sylvester B.. Howard, e. Oct. I. 1804; dis. by order June\\n20. IH115.\\nCoMPASV B.\\nUougherly, Thomas, Howard, e. Sept. 29, I8G4: ilis. by onler\\nJune 20, 1865.\\nMedger, Charles W., Pokagon, e. Feb. 9. 1^06; m. 0. Sept. 15,\\n1866.\\nKelly, Ethan, La Grange, e. March 17. 1865; dis. by onler Aug.\\n10, 1865.\\nMater, John, e. 1861 dis. 1862; re-e. in same company, and fi-\\nnally dis. Sept. 26, 1863.\\nFisher, Franeis. Porter, e. Oel. 1, 1864; ni. 0. June 20, IS65.\\nCompany It.\\nBender, .Joseph D., Newberg, e. April 5. 1865; m. o. .Se)U. 15,\\n1865.\\nHendricks, Clark, Pokagon, e. Sept. :l, 1864 m. o. June 20, 1865.\\nII iggins, Charles J.. Pokagon, e. Sept. 3, 1S(I4; m. o. .hine 20,\\n1865.\\nCompany 0.\\nCole, Brayton M., La Grange, e. March 25, 1865, in. 0. Sept. 15.\\n1865.\\nMyers, William, silver Creek, e. October 4, 1864 absent sick at\\nCompany H.\\ni^altsgiver, Henry, Porter, e. Oct. 3, 1864; m. n. Sept. 15, 1865.\\nCOMP.VNV I.\\nThompson, John K., Howard, e. Sept. 30, 1864; m. o. June 20,\\nHathaway, Henry C., e. Aug. 24, 1861 absent sick at m. 0.\\nLucas, William H., e. Aug. 24, 1861 killed al Stone River.\\nO(3onnor, Cyrus W., e. .\\\\ug. 24, 1861 dis. al end of service\\nSept. 30, 1864.\\nI iiilips, William J. e. .Aug. 24, 1861 dis. at eud of service Sept.\\n30. 1864.\\nCompany K.\\nCorp. Ilavid Klase.\\nPRIVATES.\\nBaldwin, Daniel, e. Aug. 24, 1861 died of wounds near Atlanta,\\nGa.. Aug. 7, 1864.\\nBlakely, Thomas L., e. Aug. 24. I8H| dis. for di.sabilily Aug. 4,\\n1862.\\nBooth, Zeivala, e. Aug. 24, 1861 ilis. al end of service Sept. 30,\\n1864.\\nChamberlain, William L., e. Aug. 24. 1861 dis. al en.l of service\\nSept. 3t), 1864.\\nHaines, James L., dis. at end of service.\\nLatham, Kneeland, e. .\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Vug. 24, 1861 dis. by order July I, 1863.\\nMilliman Bryant, dis. at end of service.\\nMiiHgn, Sidney S., e. .Aug. 24, 1861 dis. al end of service Sept.\\n.30, 1864.\\nNoilinghain, Jud.son, dis. at end of service, Sept. 30, 1864.\\nPoorman, John, e. .\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Vug. 24, 1861 dis. al end of service Sept.\\n30, 1864.\\ntjuay. George W., e. Aug. 24, 1861 died near .\\\\llanta. Ga., of\\nwounds, Aug. 7. 1864.\\nRyan, James X. C, e. Aug. 24, 1861 dis. at end of service Sept.\\n30, 1864.\\n.Schug, Emanuel, e. .Vug. 24, 1861 dis. at end of service .Sept.\\n30, 1864.\\nSchug, William F., e. Aug. 24, 1861 trans, to Vet. Res. Corps,\\nNov. 15, 1863.\\n.Shoemaker, Samuel S., dis. for ilisabilily.\\nSmith, Cyrus, e. Aug. 24, 1861 dis. at end of service Sept. 3o,\\n1864.\\nTayler, George, e. Aug. 24, 1861 died of disea.se at Bardslown,\\nKy.. Feb. 5, 1862.\\nThompson. Smith, e. Aug. 24. 1861 ,lis. for disability Sept.. 1861.\\nVanordslranil, John, e. Aug. 24, 1861; dis. at end of service\\nSept. 30. 18t,4.\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OV OASS rOUNTY, MICllKiAN\\nVan alkeiibuig. Ben.iaiiiii e. Aug. J4, IMil clis. al eml nf serv-\\nice Sept. :^0, \\\\SM.\\nVanordstranil. lerome 1 Sergl., e. Aug. 24, 1H61 dis. at end of\\nservice Sept. 311, l.Hr,4.\\nCO.MI ANV G.\\nBryan, .);imes, dis. at end of service Sept. 30, 1\u00c2\u00abS4.\\nBr_v;iu, Moses, died of wounds at Chaltanoogn, Tenn., Sept. 1^,\\nl.siiS.\\nGranger, Chauncey, dis. for disability .June 8, 18(54.\\nHaines, James L., dis. at end of service Sept. 36, 18t)4.\\nHiggins, Thomas W., died of disease March 18, 1862.\\nNichols, Charles N.. dis. at end of service Sept. 30, l8t)4.\\nNichols, James 0., died at Cbickamauga. Tenn., Sept. 20, 186:1.\\nScott, Lorenzo H., dis. at end of service Sept. 3li, 1864.\\nSkinner, Harrison H.. Corp., dis. for disability Feb. 15, 1.S62.\\nMoody. I.oren. 1)\\nm O.July 25\\nv.igiao, f. Oct. -12.\\n1865.\\nCompany G.\\nlendenning, James, e. Dec. 13, 18(11 dis. for disability Oct. 2 J,\\nI 1863.\\nI Roy. William G.. I enn. e. Oec. 12, Isi.l vet. Jan. Is, lHi-.4;\\nSergt: ra. o. July 2 1S65.\\nSalter. James, e. Dec. 12. 1K61 vet. Feb. 13. l.siU: .lis. by order\\nJune 20. 1865.\\nj Salter, Silas, e. Dec. 12, 1861 dis. for disability Sept. 12. 1862.\\ni Weist, William F., Dowagiac. e. Oct. 22, 1861 dis. for disability\\nNov. 23, 1863.\\nnOMP.4NV H.\\nClampbell. Seth R.. Silver Treek, e. Feb. 2 1.H65: ni. o. .luly 25,\\n1865.\\nWrisrht, Gilbert. Silver Creek, e. Feb. 27. 1865; m. o, July 25,\\nELEVKNTH RKOIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER INFAN-\\nTRY (NEW).\\nCompany E.\\nSergt. Joel Cowgill, Calvin, e. March .I, 1K65; m. o. Sept. 16,\\n1X6.5.\\nMusician Charles E. Deal, La Grange Co. F; e. March,\\nm. 0. Sept. 16, 1M65.\\n.Musician Elaui Dacy, La Grange Co. F.; e. m. o.\\nSept. 16, 1,S65.\\nTHIRTEENTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER\\nINFANTRY.\\nCompany A.\\nBeaman, .Marvin D., Penn, e. Feb. 29, 1864 m. o. July 25, 1865.\\nVVoliver, Philauder J., Marcellus, e. Dec. IW, Corp; in. o.\\nWail, Byron. Jellerso\\nville, Ky., July\\nof disease at L(\\nFOURTEENTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER IN\\nFANTRV.\\nCompany B.\\nAustin. Harvey H., e. Nov. 25, 1861 vet. Jan. 4. 1864.\\nCope, Jacob, e. Oct. 5, 1861 dis. at end of service.\\nEaton, -\\\\bner, e. Dec. 18, l!S6l dis. for disability .Ian. 10, 1863.\\nGarner, Henry, I orter, e. Nov. 28, isr.l vet. .(an. 4. I8i .4: m. o.\\nJuly 18, 1865.\\n.Moore, Jared C, m. o. .luly 18. 1S65.\\nMorse, Albert J., e. Jan. 2, 1862; vet. Jan. 4, 1864 m o July\\n18. 1865.\\nStewart, Jiuiiea A., vet. Jan. 4, 1864; m o July 18, 1865\\nBlood, Charles H. Voliua, e. Feb. 26, 1864 m. o. July 25, 1865.\\nBlood, George A., Volinia, e. Jan. 2, 186 J vet. Jan. IS, 1864;\\nm. o. July 25, 1865.\\nliailey, William S., Porter, e. Dec. 13, 1861 vet. Jan. 18, 1864\\nm. 0. July 25, 1865.\\n11 aefner, Christian G., Volinia, e. Feb. 27, 1864: m. o. July 25\\n1865.\\nJaciuays, Smith C, Volinia, Feb. 26, 1864 ilied of disease al\\nPhiladelphia, .May 20, 1865.\\nJohnson, Heniy .\\\\l., Porter, e. Dec. 13, 1861 .lied of liisease al\\nDanville, Ky.. Nov. 2(1. 1862.\\nCompany K.\\nBrown, William H., Pokagon, e. Feb. 2 .l, 1864 m. o.\\nCaldwell, William W., Pokagon, e. Oct. 22, 1861 vet. Jan Is\\n1864: m. o. July 25, 1865.\\nCrego, Hilance J., Pokagon, e. Oct. 22, 1861 .1\\n16, 1863.\\nFluallen, Simon K., Corp Sergt., e. Gel. 22, 1861 vei. Jan. 18,\\n1864; m. o. July 25, 1865.\\nllazeii, Charles, Dowagiac, e. Oct. 27, 1861; dis, for disability\\nSept. 20. 1862.\\nlIuDgerford, Calvin A., Dowagiac. e. Oct. 22, 1861 vet. Jan. Is,\\n1864; m. o. July 25. 1,S65.\\nIliingerford, Mason, Dowagiac. e. Oct. 22, 18(;i m. o. al end of\\nservice Jan 1( 18(i5.\\nIlutson. Edward R.. Dowagiac, e. Oct. 22. 1861 vet. Jan. Is,\\n1864; m. 0. July 25, 1865.\\nKegley. William, Dowagiac, e. Oct. 22, 1861 vet, Jan. 18, 1864;\\nm. 0. July 26, 1865.\\nLewis. Ephraiui, Dowagiac, e. Oct. 22. 1.861 vet. Jan. 18. 1864;\\nm. o July 26, 1865.\\nCalkins. I liomas J., Porter, e. Sept. 27, 1864 m. o July IS, 1865.\\nCompany F.\\nWilson, John, m. o. .luly 18, 1865,\\nZimmerman. Michael, Porter, e. Sept. 27, 1865; mo July 18. 1865\\nCompany 1.\\nRogers, (jeorge. Porter, e. Sept. 27, 1864; m. o. July 18. 1865.\\nFIFTEENTH REGIMEMT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER INFAN-\\nTRY.\\nCompany A.\\nFiel.ls, Alonzo, Porter, e. .Sept. 27, 1864; .lis. by or.ler May SH,\\nCompany H.\\nler April B\u00e2\u0080\u009eel, Leon, Volinia, e. May 27, 1865: m. o, Aug. 13, 18C5,\\nLeiti, Joel B, .Marcellus, e. Oct. 22, 1864; died of disease al\\nJan. 18, Alexandria, Va., June 3, 1805.\\nMowry, Jacob, Marcellus, e. Oct. 22, 1864; .lis. by or.ler Sept.\\n11, 1865.\\nCompany C.\\nMice, John, Volinia, e. March 18, 1865; m. o. Aug. 13, 1865.\\nPark, .John, (Mvin, e, Nov, ;{0, 1864; dis, by order Aug. 2, 1866.\\nParsons, E/.ra, Calvin, e. Oct. 22, 1864; m, o. Aug. 13. 1865.\\nKacey, Robert, Milt.ui, e, Oct. 22, 1864; dis. by or.ler June 25.\\n1865.\\nSampson, .lolin, Calvin, Ocl. 21, 1864; m. o. Aug. 13, 1865\\nId. 22, 1864, m. o. Aug. LI, 1865.\\nMarch 18, 1866; mo. Aug. 13, 1865,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nDunn, Anson L., Newberg, e. Nov. 4, 1861 ra. o. Aug. 13. 1865.\\nWagner, John, Calvin, e. Dec. 5, 1864; m. o. Aug. 13, 186-5.\\nCompany E.\\nDescartes, Peler, (lis. at end of service Jan. 28, 1865.\\nDe Witt, James, Dowagiac, e. Dec. 23, 1861 dis. for disabilily\\nMay 19, 1862.\\nDoherty, Charles, dis. at end of service Jan. 28, 1805.\\nDucat, Duffy, dis. by order July 21, 1865.\\nGee, Alexander, m. o. Aug. 9, 1865.\\nGirirdin, Richard, dis. by order Sept. 9, 1865.\\nGreenwood, Anthony, dis. for disability July 9, 1802.\\nJohnson, Fred., Dowagiac, e. Dec 21, 18C1; vel. Jan. 25, 18i!4;\\ndis. by order Aug. 5, 1805.\\nKfUy, John, m. o. Aug. 1?., 1865.\\nLiltlejohn, William, dis. for disability Aug. 3, 1802.\\nLogan, John, dis. for disability Aug. 3, 1802.\\nMcTaggart, Archibald, dis. for disability Aug. 3, 18o2.\\nNephew, Anthony, dis. foi disability Aug. 11, 1802.\\nNye, Theo., dis. at end of service Jan. 28, 18ri5.\\nWalustrand, Julius, Marcelliis, e. Oct. 22, 1804: m. o. Aug. 13,\\n1805.\\nCompany G.\\nEast. Alva, Porter, e. Oct. 10, 1804: died of disease at Baltimore.\\nMd., Feb. 21, 1805.\\nCompany H.\\nHarder, James E.. Howard, e. March 18, 1805: m. o. .\\\\ug. 13,\\n1866.\\nHoneywell, Newell, Howard, e. Oct. 6, 1804; m. o. Aug. 13, 1805.\\nHoward, John F., Howard, e. .April 1, 1805; m. o. Aug. 13,1805.\\nHudson, William, Howard, e. April 1, 1805; m. o. Aug. 13, 1805.\\n.lohnson, John S., m. o. Aug. 13, 1805.\\nKoot, John W., V.iliniv, e. March 18, 1865; dis. by order Sept 20,\\n1805.\\nCompany I.\\nBell, Edward 15., e. Feb. 5, 1802 .lied of .lisease at Griffith s\\nLanding, Miss.. Oct. 3, 1803.\\nJoslin, Hiram, Newhurg, e. Feh. 10, 1802; di^. for di^^ahilily Aug.\\n25, 1802.\\nI llMPASY K.\\nHogeboom, Cornelius 1 m. o. .\\\\ug. 13, 1805.\\nSIXTEENTH REUl.MENT .MICHKi.W VOLUNTEER INFAN-\\nTRY.\\nCompany C.\\nKapp. George. Volinia. e. Jan.. isi; m. n. Julys. l,si;5.\\nCompany K.\\nI rebanisky. Frank, Volinia. e. March 30. I8i;-. ra. o. July s. I.S05.\\nSEVENTEENTH RE(U,MENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER IN-\\nFANTRY.\\nCompany B.\\nHick. William M.. Howard, e. July 2. 1802; m. o. June 3. 1,S05.\\nDoau. Tlionms R., Howard, e. .\\\\ug. 3. 1802; killed on Mis.sissippi\\nRiver by explosion .\\\\pril 28. 1805.\\nEarl. Levi F.. Howard, e. Aug. 2, 1802.\\nFoote. John M.. Howard, e. Aug. 5. 1802; transferred to Vel. Res.\\nI orps Dec. 15. 1803.\\nHarder. Tunis J.. Howard, c. Aug. 5. 180 m. o. June 3. 1,805.\\nKenyon. Varnum. Howard, e. Aug. 0, 18(;2; ilied of disease at\\nFredericksburg. Va.. Feb. 5. 1803.\\nKenyon. Jesse Howard, e. Aug. 0. 1.SI12; died of woumls at\\nWashington Dec. 10. 1802.\\n.Schell. (ieorge I* Ktnv (rd. Aui^ 1 ls ;2: di* by oriler June\\n10. 1805.\\nTaylor. Fred. Howard, e. .Vug. 7. Isi;2; dis. for disability Dec. s,\\n1802.\\nTWENTY-FOURTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER\\nINFANTRY.\\nCompany A.\\nBowen. Henry H., Porter, e. Feb. 27, 1805; m. o. June 30, 1805.\\nGoldsmith, Henry, Porter, e. Feb. 27, 1805: m. o. June 30, l.Hi;5.\\nHunt, Henry H., Porter, e. March 9. 1805; m. o. June 30. 180.5.\\nLuhbow, William, Porter, e. March 7, 181)5; m. o. June 30, 1805.\\nPowers. William, Porier. e. March 1, 1805; m. o. June 3(\u00c2\u00bb, 1805.\\nPreston. Winfield S.. Porter, e. March 5. 1805; m. o. June 30,\\n1805.\\nRinehart. Nathan, Porter, e. Feb. 27. 1S05: m. o. .lunc 30, 1805.\\nStearns. Warren S., Porier. e. Feb. 27. l-iio; m. o. .lune 30. 1805.\\nStnry. Milton, Porier, e. Feb. 27, 1805; m. o. June 30, 1S05.\\nSlory, William A.. Porier, e. Feb. 27, 1805; m. o. June 30, 1805.\\nSloul. Stephen S., Porier, e. March 9. ]8r,5 m. o. June 30. 1805.\\nSutton. John W., Porter, e. Feb. 28, 1805; m. o. June 30, 1805.\\nSulton, Joshua L., Porter, e. Feb. 27, 1805; m. o. June 30. 1865.\\nWeaver. William H., .Milton, e. March 15, 1805; m. o. June 30.\\n18li5.\\nWilliams, Charles H.. Porter, e. Feb. 27, 1805; m. o. June .30,\\n1805.\\nCompany B.\\nBell, John P., Milioii. e. Aug. 25, 1804; ra. o. .lune 30. 1805.\\nAvery. Charles, Porier, e. March 5. 1805; m. o. June 30. 1805.\\nCalkins, Henry H.. Porier, e. Feb. 21, 1805; m. o. June 30. lsi,5.\\nHilton. Hiram, Porter, e. Feb. 27, 1805; ni. o. .lune 30, ISO.\\nJessup, A. H.. Porter, m. o. June 30. 1805.\\nKyle. J. C, Porter, ra. o. June 30. 1805.\\nKyle. A. R., Porier. ra. o. June 30. 1805.\\nCompany E.\\nAverill, Pliny T., Penn. e. March 10, 1865; m. o. June 30, 1805.\\nHlanchard. Bradford. Pokagon. e. .March 7. 1805; m. o. June 30,\\n1805.\\nCurtis. George, Ontwa, e. Sept. 5. 1804; died of disease al Chi-\\ncago, 111., March 15. 1865,\\nKenyon. Hiram. Pokagon. e. March 10. 1805 m. o. June 30. 1805.\\n.McKinstry, Charles. Pokagon, e. March 7, 1805; m. o. June 30.\\n1 805.\\nParker. Augustus N., Pokagon. e. March 13. 1805; ra o. June\\n30. 1865.\\nParker, William H.. Pokagon. e. March 7. 1805: m o, June 30,\\n1805.\\nPenrod, Nathan. Penn. e. March 10. 1805; m. o. June 30. IS05.\\nSteinbeck, Morgan. .Milton, c Aug. Hi. 1804; in. o, .lune :.0\\n1805.\\nWilherell. Diiane, Poka\u00c2\u00a3on, e. March 7. 1805 m. o. June 30, I8i;5.\\nVan Tuyl. George\\nJune 30. 180:\\nCompany H.\\nHodges. Benjamin. Penn. e. March 10, 1805; ra. o. June 30. 180.\\nRe I. John, Penn, e. March 10. 1805; m. o. June 30, 1805.\\nShare. Edwin. Milton, e. .8i-pt. 12. ISOl: m. n. June 30. 18i;5.\\nK.\\nAmes, Bela, m. o. June 30. 1805.\\nMeacham. Oliver (1.. Porier. e. Feb. 27, 1805; ra. o. Jii\\nJune 30, 1865\\n1", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "HIPTOHY OF (WSS COITNTY. MICIITGAN.\\nRceil. Dtis. m. o. June 30, I860.\\nReese, John M.. MiUon, e. Aug. 24, 1864; m. o. June 30, 1865.\\nTWEXTY-FIFTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER IN-\\nFANTRY.\\nCompany D.\\nSergl. Amos \\\\V. Poorman, Maroellus, e. Aug. 9, 18112; (lied of dis-\\nease at Nivsliville, Tenn., June 13, 1864.\\nCorp. Roswell Beebe, Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1802; killed at\\nTebbs Bend, Ky., July 4, 18il3.\\nPRIVATES.\\nBabe, Bruce, Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 18(;2; m. 0. June 24, 1865.\\nMusician Joseph Beck, Newberg, e. Aug. 16, 18G2 ni. o. June\\n24, 1865.\\nMusician Samuel P. Beck, Newberg, e. Aug. 15, 1862 dis. for\\ndisability Jan. 6, 1863.\\nBeebe, Gideon, Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1862; dis. for disability\\nMarch 4, 1865.\\nButler,- Ransom L., Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1862; dis. by order\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0July 26, 1863.\\nKent, Daniel, Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1862; dis. by onler March\\n19, 1863.\\nMcKibby, Daniel, Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1862; m. o. June 24,\\n1865.\\nMessenger, Edward, Marcellus, e. .\\\\ug. 11, 1864; dis. for dis\\nability Feb. 5, 1863.\\nNottingham, Horace M., Marcellus, e. Aug. 8, 18152; m. o.\\nNottingham, Oscar H., Marcellus, e. Aug. 8, 1862; died of dis-\\nease at Bowling Green, Ky., March 14, 1863.\\nPoorman, John A., Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1862; m. 0. June 24,\\n1865.\\nRoot, Jacob, Marcellus. e. Aug. 12, 1862; m. 0. June 24, 1865.\\nShears, Martin V., Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1862; m 0. June 24,\\n1865.\\nShoemaker, Samuel, Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1862; m. 0. June 28,\\n1865.\\nTaylor, Charles A., Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1865; m. o. June 24,\\n1865.\\nTaylor, Timothy A., Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1865; m. 0. May 13,\\n1865.\\nYoung, Simon, .Marcellus, e. Aug. 11, 1865; trans, to Vet. Res.\\nCorps Feb. 15, 1864.\\nCompany E.\\nBristol, Luther, Milton, e. Sept. 6, 1864; m. 0. June 24, lSi;5.\\nBows, William, Newberg, e. Aug. 21, 1.S62 trans, to Vet. Res.\\nCorps June 9, 1865.\\nBenman, William II., Newberg, e. Aug. 22, 1862 m. 0. June 24\\n1865.\\nBennett, John J., Porter, e. Aug. 12, 1862 m. o June 24, 1865.\\nBird, William, Newberg, e. Aug. 21, 1862; m. 0. June 24, 1865.\\nCook, Orlan P., Newberg, e. Aug. 22, 1862; dis. for disability\\nSept. 23, 1863.\\nCrump, William, Marcellus, e. Aug. 22, 1862 died of disease at\\nLebanon, Ky., April 24, 1863.\\nKenney, Fernando, Newberg, e. Aug. 22, 1862; m. 0. June 24;\\n1865.\\nNeumann, Louis, Newburg, e. Aug. 13, 1862; m. 0. June 24, 1865.\\nStickney, Sidney M., Marcellus, e. Aug. 22, 1862; died of dis-\\nease at Louisville, Ky., Oct. 30, 1862.\\nTWENTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER\\nINFANTRY.\\nFIELD AND STAFF.\\nLieut. Col. George T. Shaffer, Calvin, com. Dec. 10, 1864: Maj.\\ncom. Aug. 15, 1864.\\nBrevet Col. and Brevet Brig. Gen. S. S. Volunteers, March 13,\\n1866 for gallant and veritorious services at battles before\\nAtlanta, Ga., and at Wise Fork, N. C. m. 0. June 5, 1866.\\nSurg. Alonzo Garwood, Casaopolis, com. Aug. 15, 1864 m. 0.\\nJune 6, 1866.\\nCompany A,\\nSergt. Thomas J. Baunder, Voliuia, e. Sept. 1, 1864 m. o. June\\n7, 1865.\\nSchooley, Henry, Voliuia, e Sept. 8, 1864; m. 0. June 5, 1866.\\nCompany E.\\nAvery, David C, Voliuia, c. Sept. 7. 1864 m. o. May 4, 1865.\\nBaird, John, Howard, e. Oct. 18, 1864; m. 0. June 5, 1866.\\nBaird, William S., Howard, e. Oct. 17, 1864 m. 0. June 5, 1866.\\nDavis, Lowell, Pokagon, e. Sept. 3, 1864 m. 0. June 7, 1865.\\nEmery, Robert, Volinia, e. Sept. 12j 1864; dis. for wounds, June\\n30, 1865.\\nPope, Lyman A. m. o. .\\\\ug. 16, 1865.\\nRandall, William, MiUon, e. Sept. 3. 1864; m. 0. May 22, 1865.\\nCompany G.\\nBlackman, David R., Volinia, e. Sept. 15, 1864; m. o. June 5,\\nCompany F.\\nBement, George, Ontwa, e. Aug. 13, 1862; m. o. June 24, 1865.\\nBradbury, Benjamin P., Dowagiac, e. Aug. 13, 1H62; died of dis-\\nease at Bedford, Ky., June 7, 186\\nColby, Ira O.. Ontwa, e. Aug. 13, 1862; died of disease at Mum-\\nfordsviUe, Ky., Jan. 1, 1863.\\nDay, Perry U., Dowagiac, e. Aug. 9, 1862; died of wounds at\\nTunnel Hill, Ga., May 12, 1864.\\nGoodrich, Levi C, Dowagiac, m. 0. June 24, 1865.\\nHastings, Justus H Ontwa, e. Aug. 11, 1862; m. 0. June 24,\\n1865.\\nLoux, Edwin G., Ontwa, e. Aug. 13, 1862; m. o. June 24, 1865.\\nMcars, John, Dowagiac, e. Aug. 11, 1862; trans, to Vet. Res.\\nCorps Feb. 15, 1864.\\nMeredith, Nathaniel, Onlwa, e. Aug. 13,1862; m. 0. June 14,\\n1865.\\nMcFaren, Henry, Ontwa, e. Aug. 13, 1862; m. 0. June 24, 1865.\\nNioletl, William E., Ontwa, e. Aug. 19, 1862 m. 0. June 24, 1865.\\nKozelle, Joshua C, Ontwa; e. Aug. 13, 1862 died of disease at\\nBowling Green, Ky., Feb. 2 i. 1863.\\nDelong, Henry, Pokagon, e. Sept. 3, 1864; m. 0. June 5, 1866.\\nHill, Charles A., Jefferson, e. Sept. 29, 1864; m. 0. May 31,\\n1865.\\nNichols, Tyler, Volinia, e. Sept. 5, 1861 m. 0. June 19, 1865.\\nCompany H.\\nBates, Buel H., Penn, e. Aug. 22, 1864; m. 0. May 29, 1865.\\nBogert Cornelius, Penn, e. Aug. 20, 1864; dis. by order May 27,\\n1865.\\nClcndenning, H. M. T., Penn, e. Aug. 10, 1864; m. 0. June 8,\\n1865.\\nDeacon, Isaac, Volinia, Sept. 20, 1864; m. 0. June 5, 1866.\\nKinney, Nelson, Corp., Penn, e. Aug. 20,1864; m. 0. June 5,\\n1866.\\nNorth, Nathaniel, La Grange, e. Aug. 30, 1864; died of disease\\nat Charlotte, N. C, June 7, 1865.\\nNorth, Norman, La Grange, e. Aug. 30, 1864; m. o. June 6,\\n1866.\\nPatterson, James, 2d Lieut., Penn, e. Aug. 23, 1864; died of\\ndisease at Alexamlria, Va., Feb. 21, 1865.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "I3g\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nPemberton, Nathan, Peuu, e. Aug. 28, 1864; m. o. June o, 18(56.\\nRobinson, Edmund, died of disease at Davids Island, N. Y.,\\nApril 16, 1865.\\nTappan, William E., Penn, e. Aug. 29, 1864 died of disease at\\nAlexandria, Va., Feb. 4, 1865.\\nTrill, George, Pokagon, e. Sept. 1, 1804; died of disease at Alex-\\nandria, Va., Feb. 12, 1865.\\nCompany I.\\nBryant, James, Milton, e. Sept. 16, 1864; m. o. June, 5, 1866.\\nFreeman. Miles, Howard, Oct. 18, 1864; m. o. May 30, 1865.\\nMitchell, Alonzo J., Milton, e Sept. 14, 1864 m. o. Jan. 9,\\n1866.\\nCOMP.\\\\NI K.\\nHarris, Benjamin S., Poltagon, e. Feb. 10, 1805 m. o. May 30,\\n1805.\\nSmilh, Carlton, Pokagon, e. Feb. 16, 1805; m. o. Feb. 19, I860.\\nTHIRTIETH REGIMENT MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER IN-\\nFANTRY.\\nCompany H.\\nHarwood, Henry W., Ontwa, e. Dec. 2, 1864; m. o. June 30,\\n1865.\\nHarwood, Jacob W.. Jefferson, e. Dec. 6, 1864; m, o. June 30,\\n1865.\\nHirons, Oliver C, Jefferson, e. Dec. 2, 1864 ni. o June 30, 1865.\\nMassey, Robert D., Sergt., Ontwa, e. Nov. 28, 1864; m. o. June\\n30, 1865.\\nMassey, Peter, Corp., Ontwa, e. No. 28, 1864; m. o. June 30,\\n1865.\\nShaw. Edwin O., Corp., Ontwa, e. Nov. 30, 1864; m o. June 30,\\n1865.\\nSmith, Frank A., Corp., Ontwa, e. Dec. 2, 1864 m. o. June 30,\\n1865.\\nFIRST REGIMENT MICHIGAN SHARPSHOOTERS.\\nCompany B.\\nAllen, Nathan S.. Penn, e. Aug. 19, 1864 m. o. July 28, 1865.\\nCompany E.\\nSecond Lieut. Winfield S. Shanahan, Cassopolis, March 7, 1865;\\nCorp. March 6, 1863 m. o. July 28, 1865.\\nCompany I.\\nBeach, Myron W., Volinia, e. Sept. 7, 1863; dis. for disability.\\nBedford, William, Pokagon, e. Aug. 3, 1863; m. o. July 28. 1865.\\nFessenden, Clement, Volinia, e. Sept. 21, 1863; dis. for disability\\nApril 7, 1865.\\nGeorge, David L., Silver Creek, e. Aug. 25, 1863 died of wounds\\nreceived at Wilderness May 6, 1864.\\nHuff, Asher Silver Creek, e. Aug. 24, 1863 dis. by order Deo.\\n28, 1864.\\nHuff, Isaac, Volinia, e. Sept. 7, 1803 missing in action before\\nPetersburg, Va., June 17, 1864.\\nNash, Charles, Volinia, e. Sept. 21, 1803; m. o. July 28, 1805.\\nNash, Theodore, Volinia, e. Sept. 21, 1863 died near Petersburg,\\nVa., June 20, 1804.\\nWaterman, Charles, Silver Creek, e. July 28, 1803; died near\\nPetersburg, Va., June 28, 1864.\\nCompany K.\\nJohns, Dftvid, La Grange, e. Jan. 27, 1865; m. o. July 28, 1865.\\nS.)\\nBibbins, Charles, Ontwa, e. April 13, 1863; missing in action\\nat Cold Harbor June 12, 1864.\\nNichols, Alexander, Ontwa, e. April 12, 1863 m. o. July 25,\\n1865.\\nWyant, George, Ontwa, e. March 6, 1863 m. o. Aug. 7, 1865.\\nCompany F.\\nReigar, Daniel H., Sergt., Ontwa, e. May 4, 1803; m. o. July 28,\\n1865.\\nCompany G.\\nJackson, Henry H., Pokagon, e. Aug. 12. 1863 died of disease\\nat Chicago, 111., Oct. 3, 1863.\\nMcNeil, William B., Ontwa, e. Aug. 12, 1863 dis. for disability\\nMarch 9.2, 1864.\\nSmith, Wight D., Dowagiao, e. July 4, 1863 m. o. July 28, 1865.\\nCompany H.\\nNorthrop, William B (Mvin, e. Feb. 26, 1864; died of wounds in\\nGeneral Hospital.\\nNorthrop, Marion A., Penn, e. Feb. 20, 1864 died of disease at\\nChicago, III., April 17, 1864.\\nFIRST MICHIGAN (ONE HONORED AND SECOND\\nCOLORED INFANTRY.\\nCompany A.\\nHood, Philander, Pokagon, e. Aug. 17, 1864; m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1805.\\nCompany B.\\nAlexander, Jacob, Howard, e. Oct. 1, 1864; m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nBrown, John, Calvin, e. Oct. 20, 1863; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nBrown, Stuart, Calvin, e. Oct. 20, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nButcher, David, Calvin, e. Oct. 21. 1863; m. o Sept. 30, 1865.\\nCallaway, Giles, Porter, e. Oct. 21, 1863 m. o Sept. 30, 1865.\\nCoker, James, Calvin, e. Oct. 10, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nCoker, Michael, Calvin, e. Oct. 18, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nCurtis, George H Calvin, e. Dec. 4, 1863; m o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nDungie, John, Calvin, e. Oct. 7, 1803; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nGibbins, William, Jefferson, e. Aug. 24, 1804 m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1865.\\nHarris, Charles W., Howard, e. Oct. 1,\\n1865.\\nHawley, William, Calvin, e. Oct. 22, 1803\\n26, 1804.\\nHoward, William, Calvin, e. Oct. 5, 1864\\nLimus, John. Pokagon, e. Oct. 10, 1863\\nLittle, Stewart, Calvin, e. Sept. 23, 1864;\\nMathews, Allison L., Calvin, e. Sept. 23\\nat Orangeburg, S. C, Aug. 6, 1865.\\nNewman, William H Calvin, e. Oct. 7, 1863 m.\\n1865.\\nSeton, Joseph, La Grange, e. Oct. 18, 1803 m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nStewart, George W., Calvin, e. Nov. 20, 1863 died of disease at\\nBeaufort, S. C, July 27, 1864.\\nStewart, James M., Calvin, e. Oct. 18, 1863\\nStewart, John T., Calvin, e. Oct. 21, 1863\\nWade, Berry, Corp., Calvin, e. Oct. 7, 1863\\nBeaufort, S. Aug. 22, 1864.\\nWilliams, George W., Calvin, e. Oct. 21, 1863 died of disease at\\nColumbia, S. .Aug. 12, lf 65.\\nWood, John W., Calvin, e. Oct. 19, 1863 m. 0. Sept. 30, 1865.\\n1864; m. o. Sept. 30,\\ndis. for disability May\\nm. 0. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nn. 0. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nm. 0. Sept. 30, 1865.\\n1864; died of disease\\nSept. 30,\\nm. 0. Sept. 30, 1865.\\n1, 0. Sept. 30, 1865.\\ndied of disease at\\nCompany\\nFord, William, La Grange, e. Feb. 17, 1865\\nHill, Dennis R., Howard, e. Oct. 1, 186^;\\nRedman, Willis, Howard, e Oct. 1, 1864;\\nWallace, James H., Ontwa, e. Sept. 5, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nWilson, Nathaniel, Calvin, e. Oc(. 18, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nm. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\n0. Sept. 30, 1865.\\n0. Sept. 30, 1805.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nCompany D.\\nArtis, George, Calvin, e. Nov. 5, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nBarrister, Guatavus, Howard, e. Oct. 1, 1864; m. o, Sept. 30,\\n186.5.\\nCalloway, Creed, Porter, e. Nov. 18, 1863; m. o. Sept. 80, 1865.\\nHunt, Jordan P., Calvin, e. Oct. 23, 1863; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nMattock, Henry, Pokagon, e. Feb. 16, 1865 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nSimons, William H., Calvin, e. Nov. 17, 1863; m. o. Sept. 30,\\nI8i;5.\\nVaughn, James, Calvin, e. Sept. 23, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1.S65.\\nCompany F.\\nBrown, John, Howaid, e. Dec. 19, 1863; died (if disease Jan. IT,\\n1864.\\nBowden, John, La Grange, e. Nov. 28, 1803 died of disease at\\nBeaufort, S. C, Nov. 14, 1864.\\nBoyd, Anderson, Howard, e. Dec. 12, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30,\\n186-..\\nConner, William F., Sergt., Penn, e. Dec. 11, 1863; m. o. Sept.\\n30, 1865.\\nDungil, Wright, Penn. e. Aug. 22, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nFord, Edward, Milton, e.; died of disease at Beaufort, S. C, Jan.\\n14, 1865.\\nHarrison, Milford, Howard, e. Dec. 12, 1803; m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1865.\\nHays, Arick, Penn, e. Aug. 24. 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nHays, William H., Calvin, e. Oct. 4, 1864; absent sick at m. o.\\nHenry, Martin V Penn, e. Dec. 2, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nHill, Anthony, Pe-n., e. Sept 1, 1864; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nHoward, Ezekiel, Porter.e. Oct. 3, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nLett, Zach.,Corp. Penn. e. Dec. 14, 1863; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nMathews. Henry A., La Grange, e. Sept. 5, 1864 m o. Sept.\\nPlowden, William P., Howard,\\nDec.\\n0. Sept. 30,\\nKamsay, Joseph, Penn, e. Dec. 11. 1803; m. o. Sept. .30, 1805.\\nRoberts, John, Penn, e. Aug. 18, 1864; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nVan Dyke, Lewis, Sergt., Penn, e. Dec. 11. 1803; m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1865.\\nCOMPANV G\\nAshe, Joseph C, Calvin, e. Sept. 23, 1804 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865-\\nBricey. George, Howard, e. Dec. 19, 1803; dis. for disability May\\n26, 1864.\\nBoyd, Lawson, Calvin, e. Dec. 29, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nBird, James M., Calvin, e. Sept. 23, 1804 m. o. Sept. 30, 1806.\\nBird, Turner, Calvin, e. Sept 23, 18t;4 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nFarrar, Alfred, Corp., e. Dec. 21, 1803; absent sick at ra. o.\\nHeathcock, Bartlett, Porter, e. Dec. 29, 1803; died of disease\\nin Michigan April 5, 1864.\\nHeathcock, Berry, Porter, e. Dec. 29. 1863; dis. for disability\\nMay 28, 1866.\\nHill, Jackson, Penn, e. Sept. 1, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nHuston, John. Silver Creek, e. Dec. 26, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1865.\\nJefferson, Thomas, Pokagon, e. Dec. 30, 1803; m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1865.\\nLawrence, Alfred, Howard, e. Dec 12, 1803 m. o Sept. 31), 1865.\\nRussell, Henderson, Pokagan. e. Dec. 30, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1866.\\nRussell, Jacob, Pokagon, e. Dec. 30, 1863; dia. for ilisability\\nJune 8, 1865.\\nRussell, John, Pokagon, e. Dec. 30, 1863; dis. for woumls June\\n8, 1865.\\nStewart, John Calvin, e. Feb. 28, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30. 1866.\\nStewart, Sylvester, Ontwa, e. Dec. 28, 1863; dis. for disability\\nMay 30, 1865.\\nThornton, Henry, Calvin, e. Sept. 29, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nWindburn, George, Howard, e. Sept. 23, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1865.\\nWines, Ebenezer, Howard, e. Sept. 23, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nCompany H.\\nCorp. Aquilla R. Corey, Howard, e. Dec. 24, 1804 m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1805.\\nPRIVATES.\\nCousins, Ely, Porter, e. Dec. 26, 1863; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nCousins, David, Penn. e. Dec. 4. 1863 absent sick.\\nDorsey, James W., Howard, e. Dec. 24, 1863 m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1865.\\nGibson, Marquis, Penn, e. Aug. 19, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1866.\\nGriffin, Solomon, Penn, e. Dec. 21, 1863; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nHill, Allen, Penn, e. Sept. 1, 1864; m. o. Sept. 30, 1866.\\nSanders, Peter, Porter, e. Dec. 9, 1863; m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nWhite, Henry, Calvin, e. Dec. 13, 1K63; died of disease at Beau-\\nfort, S. C, Aug. 7, 1804.\\nWhile, Wright, Li Grange, e. Feb. 17, 1865; m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nWashington, George, Dowagiac, e. Dec. 18, 1863 m. o. Sept.\\n30, 1865.\\nSergt. James Wheeler, Wayne, e. Dec. 29, 1803 m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1805.\\nCompany I.\\nAnderson, Amos, Porter, e. Sept. 17, 1864; m. o. Sept. .30, 1865.\\nAnderson, Jefferson B., Porter, e. Jan. 11, 1804; m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1805.\\nGillan, Andrew, La Grange, e. Dec. 31, 1863; m. o. Sept. 30,\\n1865.\\nMorton, Henry, Calvin, e. Sept. 23, 1864 m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nSharpe, Joseph, Silver Creek, e. March 16, 1865 dis. by order\\nOct. 28, 1866.\\nWilson, Joel, Howard, e. Dec. 24, 1803 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nCompany K.\\nSergt. Abner R. Bird, Calvin, e. Jan. 10, 1804; m. o. Sept. 30,\\n186-5.\\nHarris, William, Calvin, e. Sept. 23, 1804 m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nMurphy, Percival, Calvin, e. Jan. 16, 1864; dis. by order Nov.\\n13, 1865.\\nStafford, James K., Porter, e. Aug. 24, 1801 m. o. Sept. 30, 1806.\\nTalbot, William H., Porter, e. Oct. 5, 1804 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865.\\nWilson, Giles B., Calvin, e. Sept. 23, 1864; m. o. Sept. 30, 1805.\\nFIRST REGIMENT ENGINEERS AND MECHANICS.\\n(Company C.\\nDickerson, Albert, died of disease at Louisville. Ky.. Feb. 24, 1804.\\nPeachey, Aaron, Marcellus, e. Aug. 23. 1804; died of disease at\\nNashville, Tenn., Nov. 21. 1804.\\nCompany D.\\nGaines. Franklin. Pokagon, e. Dec. 29. 1803; m. o. Sept. 22, 1805.\\nLittle, John H., Mircellu^, e. Aug. 23, 1804; dis. by order June\\nli, 1806.\\nCompany F.\\nWilliams, Isaac N.. Penn, e. Aug. 21, 1804 dis. by order June 0,\\n1805.\\nCompany G.\\nCramplon, Abel, Pokagon, e. Dec. 16, 1808; m. o. Sept. 22, 1805\\nGait, Freeman H.. Pokagon, e. Deo. 15. 1803; died of disease at\\nRingoold, Ga., Aug. 6. 1804.\\nRogers. Lucius, Ontwa, e. Jan. 4. 180.4 dis. by order June 0,\\n1805.\\nStanley, James S., Ontwa, e. Jan. 4, 1S04; ra. o. Sept. 22, 1806.\\nVan Tassell, David, Ontwa. e. Jan. 4. 1804; died of disease Feb,\\n10, 1804.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUiNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nCu,M\u00c2\u00a3-ANi- K.\\nIsham. William, Silver Creek, e. Dec. 21, 1803; m, o. Sept, 22,\\n1805.\\nWhite, William It., Silver Creek, m, o. Sept, 22, 18i;.5.\\nMICHIGAN PROVOST GUARD.\\nMershon, Andrew, dis. by order July 2, 1863,\\nFIRST UNITED STATES SHARPSHOOTERS.\\nCompany K.\\nFir.^t Lieut. Charles W. Thorp, Nicholasville, Nov. 27, 1803 Sec-\\nond Lieut. Oct, II, 1862; Corp., Aug 12, 1861; dis. for dis-\\nability May 24, 1864.\\nChristie, Walter T., Marcellus; die I of wounds at Washinglon,\\nD. C., May 12, 1863.\\nGoodspeed, Edwin C,\\nBeebe, George S.\\nMcClelland, William.\\nThoop, Sylvester A.\\nCompany I.\\nLieut. William Stesart, Sept. 1, 1802; m, o, at end of service at\\nend of war, Jan. 1, 1865.\\nCorp, Samuel Inling, Newberg, e. Sept, 1, 1802; trans, to 5th\\nMich. Inft.; m o.\\nSIXTY-Sl.XTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nCompany U.\\nBeekwith, Henry L e. Feb. 22 1864; vet. recruit; m. o. July\\n7, 1865.\\nTWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nCompany H.\\nGraham, S. J., Mason, e. April, 1861 dis. for disability 1861.\\nFORTY-NI^fTH REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nCompany E.\\nGraham, Sidney J., Mason, re-enl. Sept., 1861 vet. Feb. 1864 m.\\no. May 20, 1865 wounded in left arm at Rocky Ridge, May\\n9, 1865.\\nFORTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT INDIANA VOLUNTEER\\nINFANTRY.\\nCompany F.\\nWilliams, Henry, Mason.\\nOHIO INFANTRY.\\nTompkins, Newberg.\\nTWENTY-FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.\\nGraham, Sidney J e. April 17, 1861, in Co. H re-e. in o\\nE, 49th Ohio Vol. Inft. (See above).\\nCPIAPTER XX.\\nTHE PIONEER SOCIETY.\\nIts Organization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Constitution and ii.v-Laws\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Annual Picnics\u00e2\u0080\u0094 List of\\nOlflcers from 1873 to 1881 Inclusive\u00e2\u0080\u0094 An Incident of the Meeting of\\n18\u00c2\u00ab1\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Roster of Members\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Age, Nativity and Date of .Settlement\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nI Mourishini; Condition of the Society.\\nWE make no apology for presenting a very full\\nhistory of the Cass County Pioneer Society.\\nVery nearly 600 names have been subscribed to its\\nconstitution, and we say no more than what is obvious\\nto every reader when we state that its membership\\nexceeds, by a considerable number, that of any organ-\\nization in the county. It is moreover the largest and\\nmost flourishing pioneer society in the State of Mich-\\nigan, and the interest which is felt in its affairs is\\nattested by the immensity of the attendance at the\\nannual re-union picnics.\\nThe society was organized on the 9th of October,\\n1873, at a meeting, held in Cassopolis pursuant to\\ncall, at which about 200 persons were present. This\\nwas a large attendance, and indicated quite a remark-\\nable degree of interest. Over seventy pioneers put in\\nan appearance at the morning session. Hon. George\\nNewton, of Volinia, was made temporary Chairman,\\nand Hon. A. B. Copley, of the same Township, was\\nchosen as Secretary. Joseph Smith, of La Grange,\\nmoved the appointment of a committee, consisting of\\none gentleman from each township, to report on rules\\nof organization and order of business, and the follow-\\ning were elected, viz. A. B. Copley, of Volinia;\\nP. B. White, of Wayne J. A. Ruddick, of Silver\\nCreek Uzziel Putnam, Sr., of Pokagon Joseph\\nSmith, of La Grange John Nixon, of Penn B. F.\\nRudd, of Penn George Meacham, of Porter Amos\\nNorthrup, of Calvin George B. Turner, of Jefferson\\nJoseph L. Jacks, of Ontwa and David R. Stevens, of\\nMason. The Townships of Marcellus, Milton and\\nHoward were not represented. In the afternoon, when\\nthe attendance was increased to 200, the committee\\nreported for permanent Chairman Uzziel Putnam, Sr.,\\nof Pokagon (the first white settler of the county) and\\nfor Secretaries C. C. Allison and William H. Mans-\\nfield. They also recommended that a committee of\\none be appointed from each township, with leave to\\nsit during the winter, and adopt a constitution and\\nby-laws, which they should report at a picnic to be\\nheld in June of the following year, at the fair grounds\\nat Cassopolis. Subsequently, this action was amended,\\nit being moved that the committee should report\\nat an adjourned meeting to be helil four weeks later.\\nThe following gentlemen were appointed, viz.: Abijah\\nj Huyck, of Marcellus Reuben Henshaw, of Volinia\\nP. B. White, of Wayne J. A. Ruddick, of Silver\\nCreek Uzziel Putnam, Jr., of Pokagon Daniel S.\\nJones, of La Grange; John Nixon, of Penn E. H.\\nJones, of Newburg Horace Thompson, of Porter\\nGeorge T. Shaffer, of Calvin George B. Turner, of\\nJefferson William H. Doane, of Howard William\\nH. Olmstead, of Milton I. G. Bugbee, of Ontwa\\nD. R. Stevens, of Mason. A committee was also\\nappointed to gather the history of the county, and,\\nafter some interesting remarks by Uzziel Putnam, Sr.,\\nin which he related his experience as a pioneer, the\\nmeeting was adjourned.\\nThe adjourned nipoting was held November G. The", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CA SS COUNTY, MICHTOAN.\\nUl\\ncommittee on organization, appointed at the previous\\nmeeting, through its Chairman, Hon. George B.\\nTurner, reported a constitution, which, after sundry\\namendments had been made, was adopted, as follows:\\nCOSTITUTION.\\nPREAMBLE.\\nThe UDiiersigneil, residents of Cass County, being among the\\neiiiliest settlers of Southwestern Michigan, in order to perpetuate\\nthe facts, circumstances, recollections and anecdotes connected\\nwith the early settlement of that part of the State, and particu-\\nliir y of Cass County, do make and establish this constitution for\\nthe government of a society this day organized by us, to be called\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0096\u00a0The Society of the Pioneers of Cass County, Mich.\\n.Article 1. The officers of this society shall be a Presilent,\\nVice President, Secretary, Assistant Secretary and Treasurer, to\\nbe elected by ballot at each annual meeting by a majority of the\\nmembers present and voling.\\nAiiT. II. The President shall preside at all meetings of the\\nsociety; countersign all orlersforthe payment of moneys from\\nits funds. In case of his absence, or at his request, the Vice\\nPresident shall perform such duties.\\nArt. Ill The Secretary shall have charge of and keep ihe\\nrecords of the society, and shall also keeji the minutes of all\\nmeetings of Ihe same.\\nArt. IV.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 All books, papers, documents, mementoes or arti-\\ncles illustrating the physical geography of the county oY its state\\nand condition prior to 1S40, shall be deposited with the Secretary\\nand remain in his keeping until his successor is elected or ap-\\npointed, to whom the same shall be delivered over.\\nArt. V. The Secretary in person or by his assistant, .shall\\nkeep his books and all things appertaining to his office, at Cass-\\nopolis, where only records, articles, or mementoes, deposited for\\nthe use of the society may be copied or examined by any resident\\nof the county, under such rules as the Executive Committee may\\nadopt. He shall sign all orders for the payment of moneys from\\nIhe funds of this Society.\\n.Vht. VI. The Treasurer shall receive all moneys paid to or\\nfor Ihe use of the society, and shall pay out the same only on the\\norder of Ihe Secretary, counter.signed by the President.\\nArt. VII. The officers and committee elected under the con-\\nstitution sliall hold their respective offices until the firs annual\\nmeeting of the society, which shall be held on the third Wednes-\\nday of June, 1X74.\\nArt. VIII. An Executive Committee, consisting of one from\\neai-li township, shall be elected annually (viva voce), by a major-\\niiyofthe members present and voting, and the President and\\nSecretary of this organization shall be ex officio members of said\\nExecutive Committee.\\nArt. IX. The Executive Committee or a majority of those\\npresent shall h.ave power to make such by daws rules and regula-\\ntions for the convenience and government of the Society as they\\nmay deem proper, not inconsistent with this constitution and all\\npowers necessary to carry out the objects of this society, not\\ndelegated to other officers named, may he exercised by the Execu-\\ntive Committee.\\n.Vrt. X. All members of the Society who came into or resided\\nin (^888 County prior to 1840, shall be deemed Pioneers of Cnss\\nCounty.\\nArt. XI.* Every person (male or female), residing in this\\ncounty prior to 18. 0, may become members of this society by\\nsubscribing to this constitution, and the payment of 25 cents,\\neither in person or by proxy, and every person so becoming a\\nmember shall be deemed a voter, and be entitled to all the privi-\\nciirrcd Id the article.\\ntity\\nleges of the society, and that hereafter all persons having resided\\nin Ihe county twenty-five years shall in like manner become\\nmembers\\nArt. XII. A majority of the voters present at an annual\\nmeeting may alter or amend this constitution, notice thereof to be\\nfiled with the Secretary six weeks prior to said annual meeting.\\nUnder this constitution, and upon the same day it\\nwas adopted, the first officers of the society were elected\\nas follows: President, Uzziel Putnam, Sr. Vice\\nPresident, George Meacham Secretary, A. B. Cop-\\nley Assistant Secretary, John Tietsort Treasurer,\\nJoseph Smith. Executive Committee Abijah Huyck,\\nof Marcellus Georgt! Newton, of Volinia Philo B.\\nWhite, of Wayne Daniel Blish, of Silver Creek\\nUzziel Putnam, Jr., of Pokagon Daniel S. Jones,\\nof La Grange William Jones, of Penn. J. R.\\nGrennell, of Newberg Horace Thompsoft, of Porter\\nGeorge B. Turner, of Jefferson William H. Doane,\\nof Howard Richard V. Hicks, of Milton Israel G.\\nBugbee, of Ontwa James H. Graham, of Mason\\nand George T. Shaffer, of Calvin.\\nAt a meeting of the Executive Committee, held on\\nJanuary 21, 1874, the following by-laws were\\nadopted\\nBY-LAWS.\\nArticle 1. Elections under this constitution shall be held at\\n11 o clock A. M., on ihe third Wednesday of .June, in each year,\\nin the court house at Cassopolis. or some other convenient place\\nt be designated by the Secretary or his assistant.\\nArt. 2. The Secretary or his assistant shall give receipts for\\nall books, documents, relics, or other articles contributed or de-\\nposited in the museum of the society. He shall cause to be pub-\\nlished in the newspapers at the county seat an acknowledgment of\\nsuch contributions from time to time, and. in connection with the\\nTreasurer, make arrangements for a suitable place to deposit all\\ncolleclionH for the museum, and make out semi-annually, a cata-\\nlogue of Ihe same for publication.\\nArt. 3. Thi- members of the Executive Committee are severally\\ncharged, in their respective townships, with procuring and fir-\\nwarding names for membership, and the fees thereon, to the\\nTreasurer collecting books, maps, pictures, relics, and all articles\\nor things of interest for the museum, and forwarding the same to\\nthe Secretary. They shall also carefully prepare manuscript\\nstatements from the early settlers, in their respective towns, in\\nregard to the early settlement and progress of Ihe town previous\\n10 the year 1840. and report the same to the society at its annual\\nmeciings in each year.\\nArt. 4. The Executive Committee shall make suitable ar-\\nrangements for holding Ihe annual meeting of the Pioneers on the\\nthird Wednesday of June in each year. They shall arrange for\\ntaking proper care of Ihe Pioneers from abroad, while attending\\nsuch meetings, procure speakers, take up collections to aid in de-\\nfraying the exjienses of the society, if deemed nece,ssary. and\\nextend invitations to persons out of the county who have long\\nbeen residents of the State.\\nArt. .1 At the time of Ihe election of officers, the outgoing\\nofficers shall make their annual reports, and file the same with\\ntheir successors.\\nArt. ii All the laws or regulations necessary for the govern-\\nment of this society shall be made, altered or amended by the\\nExecutive Commiliec at any regular meeting thereof\\nArt. 7. The Secretary or his assistant, with the Treasurer", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "142\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nand President, may call a meeting of the Executive Committee\\nwhenever demanded by the interests of the society.\\nArt. 8.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Execulive Committee shall appoint one female\\nassistant in each township to aid them in the discharge of their\\nduties.\\nThe first festival or picnic of the Pioneer Society\\nwas held on the fair grounds at Cassopolis on the 17th\\nof June, 1874, and was a largely attended and very\\nenjoyable affair. Vice President George Meacham\\noccupied the chair, the President being indisposed.\\nThe Cassopolis Band was present, and played enliven-\\ning airs during the day. The substantial pioneer\\ndinner was supplemented by a feast of reason and a\\nHow of soul, and that in turn by the most enjoyable\\nsocial converse. Hon. James Ashley delivered a\\nspirited address, and remarks were made by Uzziel\\nPutnam, Jr., of Pokagon, Dr. I. G. Bugbee, of Ontwa,\\nHon. George B. Turner and Joseph Smith.\\nOfficers for the ensuing year were elected viva voce,\\nand all of those who had served the preceding year\\nwere retained. The Executive Committee was consti-\\ntuted as follows Abijah Huyck. of Marcellus\\nMilton J. Gard, of Volinia John S. Gage, of Wayne\\nWilliam Bilderback, of Silver Creek Uzziel Putnam,\\nJr., of Pokagon Daniel S. Jones, of La Grange\\nJohn Nixon, of Penn Edward H. Jones, of New-\\nberg; Hiram Meacham, of Porter; George T. Shaffer,\\nof Calvin Hiram R. Schutt, of Jefferson William\\nH. Doane, of Howard James M. Truitt, of Milton\\nJ. Boyd Thomas, of Ontwa David R. Stevens, of\\nMason.\\nIn 1875, the society had another large picnic meet-\\ning upon the 16th of June, on which occasion the\\nchief address of the day was delivered by the late Hon.\\nF. J. Littlejohn, of Allegan. An original poem on\\npioneer life, was read by Edwin Barnum, of Paw Paw,\\nVan Buren County, and short addresses made by E.\\n0. Briggs, of the same place by George B. Turner\\nJ. R. Monroe, President of the Van Buren County\\nSociety, and others. Many interesting relics were\\nexhibited, and many reminiscences related.\\nThe officers elected this year were President,\\nUzziel Putnam, Sr. Vice President, John Nixon\\nTreasurer, Asa Kingsbury Secretary, John T. Enos\\nAssistant Secretary, W. H. Mansfield Executive\\nCommittee John C. Bradt, Marcellus R. Henshaw,\\nVolinia L. Atwood, Wayne John Swisher, Silver\\nCreek Joseph E. Garwood, Pokagon G. B. Turner,\\nLa Grange J. E. Bonine, Penn Anson L. Dunn,\\nNewberg Harvey Hitchcock, Porter; Beniah Tharp,\\nCalvin James Loman, Sr., Jefferson E. C. Smith,\\nHoward U. Enos, Milton M. H. Lee, Ontwa\\nJ. H. Burns, Mason.\\nIn 1876, the pioneers were addressed by the late\\nHon. John J. Bagley, then Governor of Michigan.\\nwho delivered a very interesting and appropriat\u00c2\u00ae\\nspeech. Other speakers on this occasion were John\\nJenkins, of Indiana George Redfield, of Ontwa, and\\nRoyal T. Twombley. The meeting was held at the\\nfair grounds (as have been all of the other annual pic-\\nnics of the society) and the number of people assembled\\nwas larger than on former occasions, the society\\nreceiving many accessions to its roll of members.\\nThe annual election of officers resulted in the choice\\nof those who had served the year before, with the\\nexception that John Tietsort was made Treasurer.\\nThe Executive Committee was constituted as follows\\nJohn C. Bradt, Marcellus Reuben Henshaw, Volinia\\nJohn Green, Wayne A. Conklin, Silver Creek\\nJames E. Garwood, Pokagon G. B. Turner, La\\nGrange J. E. Bonine, Penn A. L. Dunn, Newberg\\nH. J. Hitchcock, Porter L. J. Reynohls, Calvin\\nJames Lowman, Jefferson E. C. Smith, Howard\\nJohn Barber, Milton M. H. Lee, Ontwa James\\nAshley, Mason.\\nThe annual picnic of 1877 was held on the 20th of\\nJune. The attendance was variously estimated at from\\n3.500 to 5,000. The meeting was called to order by\\nHon. George B. Turner, the President being unable\\nto preside. Mr. Turner made a very happy speech\\nof welcome, and the exercises of the day consisted of\\nthe customary readings, music and brief addresses,\\nthere being on this occasion no set speech delivered.\\nThe following officers were elected President, Uzziel\\nPutnam, Jr., Vice President, John Nixon Secre-\\ntary, Lowell H. Glover; Assistant Secretary, John\\nT. Enos; Treasurer, John Tietsort. Executive Com-\\nmittee John C. Bradt, Marcellus John Struble,\\nVolinia T. M. N. Tinkler, Wayne John T. Swisher,\\nSilver Creek Robert J. Dickson, Pokagon H. S.\\nHadsell, La Grange; Ebenezer Anderson, Penn;\\nAnson L. Dunn, Newberg: George Meacham, Porter\\nJames H. Graham, Mason B. A. L harp, Calvin\\nW. G. Beck with, Jefferson; James Shaw, Howard;\\nJohn M. Truitt, Milton; Joseph L. Jacks, Ontwa;\\nDaniel Blish, Dowagiac.\\nThe fifth annual picnic was held June 19. 1878,\\nand the following officers were elected for the year,\\nviz.\\nPresident, Uzziel Putnam, Jr Vice President,\\nJohn Nixon Secretary, Lowell H. Glover Assistant\\nSecretary, William W. Peck Treasurer, John\\nTietsort. Executive Committee George W. Jones,\\nMarcellus James Wright, Volinia James Laporte,\\nWayne William Bilderback, Silver Creek Robert\\nJ. Dickson, Pokagon; H. S. Hadsell, La Grange;\\nD. M. Howell, Penn Anson L. Dunn, Newberg\\nLucius Keeler, Porter; Herman Strong, Mason; B.\\nF. Beeson, Calvin: William Weaver, Jefferson;", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n143\\nRodney Van Ness, Howard Hiram Rodgers, Milton\\nM. H. Lee, Ontwa; Daniel Blish. Dowagiac.\\nThe principal speaker was the Hon. Salathaiel C.\\nCoffinberry, of Constantine. Remarks were made by\\nRev. E. P. Clisbee, Hon. George Meacham, Hon. E.\\nShanahan, Maj. Joseph Smith, A. D. Lothrop and\\nA. B. Copley, and the pioneer necrology was read by\\nC. W. Clisbee, Esq.\\nThe sixth re-union and picnic was held June 18,\\n1879. At this meeting, L. H. Glover introduced res-\\nolutions in memory of Uzziel Putnam, Sr. and William\\nW. Peck, the President and the Assistant Secretary\\nrespectively of the society, both -of -whom had passed\\naway since the last annual meeting. The orator of\\nthe day was the Hon. Levi Bishop, of Detroit, who\\nmade an admirable address. LTpon its conclusion, the\\nwhole society joined in singing to the tune of Old\\nHundred, an anthem composed by Mr. Bishop. This\\nmeeting was a very large one, and very enjoyable.\\nThe officers elected were President, George B.\\nTurner Vice Presidents, Joseph L. Jacks, George\\nMeacham, John Nixon, George Redfield and Milton\\nJ. Gard Treasurer, John Tietsort Secretary, Joseph\\nHarper Assistant Secretary, Irving V. Sherman\\n(Mr. Glover continued to serve as Secretary, the Sec-\\nretary elect not assuming the duties of the office).\\nExecutive Committee Abijah Huyck, Marcellus\\nElias Morris, Volinia George Laporte, Wayne;\\nHenry Keeler, Silver Creek Henry Michael, Do-\\nwagiac; Robert J. Dickson, Pokagon Jesse G. Beeson,\\nLa Grange Nathan Jones, Penn Anson L. Dunn,\\nNewberg James H. Hitchcox, Porter D. R. Stevens,\\nMason Eli Benjamin, Ontwa David T. Truitt,\\nMilton William H. Doane, Howard E. Shanahan,\\nJefferson Jefferson Osborn, Calvin.\\nOn the occason of the seventh annual picnic held\\nJune 16, 1880, the chief address was that by the\\nPresident, Hon. George B. Turner. The election of\\nofficers resulted as follows President, George B.\\nTurner; Secretary, Lowell H. Glover; Assistant\\nSecretary, Irving V. Sherman Treasurer, Jolin\\nTietsort. Executive Committee Abijah Huyck,\\nMarcellus Milton J. Gard, Volinia George La\\nPorte, Wayne Henry Keeler, Silver Creek Henry\\nMiciiael, Dowagiac; Robert J. Dickson, Pokagon;\\nJesse G. Beeson, La Grange John Nixon, Penn\\nJerry R. Grinnell, Newberg J. H. Hitchcox, Porter\\nJefferson Osborn, Calvin J. N. Marshall, Jefferson\\nMason Doane, Howard James H. Beauchamp, Mil-\\nton R. D. May, Ontwa D. R. Stevens, Mason.\\nLargest of all the meetings of the Cass County\\nPioneer Society was that of June 1 1881 the\\neighth annual meeting. Estimates of the attendance\\nplace it as high as ten thousand. At 3 o clock in the\\nafternoon, men were posted at the gates of the fair\\nground, who counted the teams and people who passed\\nout from that time until the grounds were entirely\\nvacated at night fail. They counted 1,327 teams and\\n5,796 persons, and it was estimated that of the former\\n300 had passed out, and of the latter over 1,500 before\\nthe count was commenced. It is probable that the\\nactual number of persons on the ground was 7,500 or\\nupward. We give the foregoing figures to show by\\nindisputable authority the great size of the gathering.\\nIt was undoubtedly the largest assemblage ever known\\nin Cass County. That so numerous a throng could\\nbe gathered togetlier, speaks volumes of praise for the\\nwise management of tlie officers of the society. It is\\nremarkable, that while contemperaneous societies in\\nadjoining counties have retrograded the Cass County\\nPioneer Society has steadily accumulated strength,\\nthe interest in its object developing from year to year.\\nIts annual meetings have exceeded in size and in\\nmerit those of any other similar organization in the\\nState, and it is to be hoped that the spirit of its mem-\\nbers will not be less when it becomes an historical\\nratiier than a pioneer society (as it inevitably must\\nat no very distant day). The address on the occasion\\nof which we have just spoken was delivered by Gov.\\nDavid H. Jerome, and was an unusually eloquent and\\ninteresting one. He paid a high tribute to the pio-\\nneers, and urged the youth of the land to emulate\\ntheir many sterling qualities. This meeting of the\\nsociety was the last which the pioneer of Cass County\\nUzziel Putnam attended. A few weeks later, he\\nwas laid away to rest, but at this meeting the old man\\nalmost fourscore years and ten sat on the platform\\nby the speaker, and was much moved by his words.\\nOne of the local newspapers, in closing its account of\\nthe meeting, and of Gov. Jerome s address, gave the\\nfollowing paragraph.\\nWe cannot forbear to mention an episode which took\\nplace on the stand at the conclusion of his speech. Uzziel Putnam,\\nthe first white settler of Cass County\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the man who turned the\\nfirst furrow in her virgin soil and chopped the first tree in its\\nlimits, so far as is known\u00e2\u0080\u0094 had been listening with deep interest\\nto the G ivernor g remarks. As he closed, the old pioneer, bent\\nwith many years of toil and hardship, arose to his feet, tears\\nstreaming down his wrinkled face, and tottering up to the Gov-\\nernor, grasping him by the hand, thanked bim fervently for the\\ng.)od words he had spoken for the pioneers, and. above all. for the\\nsound advice he had given the young. This scene, witnessed by\\nbut few on the crowde.l stand, made a marked impression upon\\nthose who did witness it.\\nThe officers elected in 1881 were: President, Jo-\\nseph Harper; Secretary, Lowell H. Glover; Assist-\\nant Secretary, C. C. Nelson Treasurer, John Tiet-\\n.sort. Executive Committee\u00e2\u0080\u0094 .\\\\bijah Huyck, Marcel-\\nlus M. J. Gard, Volinia Lafayette Atwood, Wayne;\\nW. M. Frost, Silver Creek Robert J. Dickson, Po-", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "144\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nkagon; B. W. Schermerhorn, Dowagiac; George B.\\nTurner, La Grange; W. E. Bogue, Penn; W. H. H.\\nPemberton, Newberg; James H. H. Ilitchcox, Por-\\nter; B. F. Beeson, Calvin; H. B. Davis, Jefferson;\\nJerome Wood, Howard J. H. Burns, Mason R. D.\\nMay, Ontwa; J. 11. Beaucharap, Milton.\\nMEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY.\\nIn conclusion, we give the full list of the members\\nof the Cass County Pioneer Society, together with\\ntheir ages at the time of signing the constitution, their\\nplaces of residence and nativity and date of settle-\\nment (or of birth, as the case may be). It will be\\nnoticed that prior to 1877, the year in which different\\nmembeis registered their names and age is not given,\\nand this fact should be borne in mind by the reader\\nwho examines the list. Otherwise, apparent discrep-\\nancies will appear in the column headed age. The\\nrecord has been made with great care from the jour-\\nnal of the society.\\nA. B. Copley .51 Volinia..\\n.Joseph Harper\\nD. M. H .well\\nIchabod Pierson.\\nG. W. Jones 49\\nLueinda Atwood.\\nAbijah Huyck 5 .Marcellus\\nLila Huyck 44 Marcellus\\nF M. Tinkler (i3 Wayne.\\nRobert Watson 71 Dowagiac\\nN. Bock 7.S Dowagiiic\\n.\\\\rlhur Graham 61 Dow.igiac\\nSilas A. Piicher 1(1 Wayne\\nAdam Smith ,1 Silver Creek.,\\n.Justus (i:igc ii i Howagiac\\nJacob Hurtle 1; I Downgiac\\nJ. A. Barney liii Dowagiac\\nS. T. Read.. ..VJCassopolis\\nOrson Rudd li l a.\u00c2\u00absopolis\\nWilliam Sears Ofjt assopolis\\nYork..\\nnnsyl\\nGeorge Redfield 77|ontwa\\nUzziel Putnam, Jr 48;Pokagon...\\nGeorge M acliam 75 Porter\\nPeter Shatler 88 Calvin\\nHenry Tielsort ifi La Grange\\nJohn Tietsort 47 Cassopolis.\\nConnecticut..\\nPokagon\\n.\\\\ew York....\\nVirginia\\nCtVPenn\\n70|Cassopolis.\\n66|l eiin\\n(i4iVolinia\\nOhio\\nOhio\\nXew York\\nNorth Carolina.\\n.^orth Carolina.\\nNorth Carolina..\\nLa Grange Ilmliana\\nCalvin lohio\\n.I.lTiTsoii Delaware\\nI ussnj, ,!is Virginia\\nI ^i-^.-^ il iilis I ass County\\nLatinu.gr Ohio\\nJfrterson JNew York...\\nWilliam Jones\\nElias B. Sherman...\\nJohn Nixon\\nReuben Henahaw...\\nAbijah Henshaw\\nMrs. C. .Messenger\\nGeorge T. Shafter 1\\nE. Shanahan i\\nJoseph Smith\\nL. D. Smith\\nD. S.Jones\\nG. B. Turner\\nJulia Fisher (wife ofl 1\\nHenry Tiet\u00c2\u00aborl 1.51 La Grange lOhio\\nH. Meicham pW;Porter jCnss County...\\nJ. R. Grenell 14!) Newberg (New York\\nCorrel Messenger j65iLa Grange Connecticut\\nG. J. Carmiehael (wife I\\nof Geo. T. Shatter). 4.5 Calvin ilhio\\nCharlotte Turner JSS Jefferson iTnunton, Eng....\\nEsther Ni.xon j.5!l Penn Ohio\\nMiss Hannah Ritter...|5.5JLa Grange Indiana\\nJames Boyd jrt7lLa Grange iNew York....\\nLafayette Atwoud IQlWayne New York....,\\nSarah Miller (wife of|\\nClias. Kingsbury).. .144 Cassopolis jOhio\\nCharles W. Clisbee 4(1 Cassopolis jOhio\\nR. V. Hicks |54!Milton lEngland.\\nPhilo IS. White 162^ Wayne New York\\nA. D. Northrup j.51|C,ilvin iVerraont\\n.\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\\\\mo8 Northrup 74 Calvin IVermont\\nMoses H. Lee j41 Ontwa New Hampsh\\nHenry L. Barney ISA Ciiasopolis Ohio,\\n.Tames E. Boninc |56Penn Ind\\nMaria 0. Jones i4!1 Penn |New York\\nSamuel Graham t7(;|Ca8sopolis jl enn.sylvania\\nJohn Strublc \u00e2\u0080\u00a250[ Volinia jl enn.sylvania\\n.laseph U. Graham 40Miison Ohio\\nSiUxa Marwood |45JNewberg INew York,\\n18:i4\\n1826\\n18-26\\n1828\\n1828\\n1828\\n182H\\n1820\\n1880\\n1830\\n1830\\n1831\\n1832\\n18.32\\n1832\\n1832\\n18.33\\n1836\\n18.34\\n1834\\n183-!\\n1843\\n18.30\\n1828\\n183H\\n1836\\n1838\\n1841\\n1841\\n183.-\\n1846\\n18^6\\n1837\\nJames Oxen\\nPleasant Norton\\nRachel Norton\\nRichard B. Norton...\\nJames Tiwnsend\\nEzraB. Warner\\nL. D. Wright\\nNathan Jones\\nIsaac Bonine\\nLowell H. Glover\\nThos. J. Casterline....\\nAsa Kingsbury\\nEli Green\\nSamuel Squires\\nLeander Haskins\\nMaria M, While\\nL. S. Henderson\\nI heodore Stebbios\\nMrs. Theo. Stebbins..\\nJohn S. Gage\\nMrs. John S. Gage....\\nMrs. Lucretia Gage\\nMrs. Thomas Tinkler.\\nChester C. Morton\\nMrs. C C. Morton\\nE. 0. Taylor\\nMrs. E. O.Taylor\\nEbenezer Copley\\nGeorge Whilbeck\\nMrs. Geo. Whitheck...\\nMrs. Ebenezer Copley.\\nWilliam G. Blair\\n.lonathan Olmstead....\\nHorace Vaughn\\nChauncey Kennedy\\nJohn S. Juchs\\nHorace Cooper\\nDavid Bemenf\\n(jharles Haney\\nB. F. Wilkinson\\nCharles Morgan\\nWilliam R. Sheldon\\nH. H. Bidwell....\\nR D. May\\nSatnuel H. Lee\\nJohn M. Brady\\nNoah S. Brady\\n.John Gill\\nValentine Noyes\\nI. G. Bugbee\\nElizabeth H. Bugbee..\\nAaron Shellhammer....\\nJohn Shellhammer\\nJames II. Hitchcox\\nHorace Thompson\\nMr.s. Horace Thompson\\nJoshua Brown\\nLucius Keeler\\nPenn Ohio\\nJefferson 1 1 1 i\\nMarcellus Ohio\\nW.ay n e 1 M iohigan\\nNew York\\nPennsylvania\\nNew York\\nOhio\\nBelgium...\\ni^cotland\\nOhio\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nOn the ocean..\\nPennsylvania\\nNew York\\nVermont\\nPennsylvania.\\nOhio..\\nCalvin\\nJefferson Virginia\\nJefferson Tennessee\\nJefferson ...Ohio\\nPenn lohio\\nLa Grange New York\\nLa Grange\\nPenn\\nPenn\\nPenn\\nLa Grange..\\nDowagiac\\nWayne\\nDowagiac\\nDowagiac\\nDowagiac\\nDowagiac\\nDowagiac\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nayne\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nJefferson\\nOnlwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOnlwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\n60 Onlwa\\nOniwa\\nPorter\\nPorter\\nPorter\\nPorter\\nPorter\\nPorter\\nOhio\\nOhio\\nIndiana\\nNew York\\nNew Y ork\\nMassachusetts\\nCass Co., Mich..\\nKentucky\\nNew York\\niohio\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nOhio\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nMassachusetts\\nCass Co., Mich..\\nOhio\\nConnecticut\\nBaden, German V\\nNew York\\nOhio\\nConnecti ut\\nNew Y ork\\nNew York\\nNew Hampshire\\nNew York....\\nVlichigan\\ne of Man.\\nNew York...,\\nVermont\\nDartmouth, Eng\\nPennsylvania\\nPennsylvania\\nNew York\\nMassachusetts...\\nNew York.;,\\niaua\\nPorter INew York,.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n145\\nDBtf of\\nSettl mt\\nDate ol\\nSettl mt\\nCaw Co.\\n(or of\\nbirth).\\nNAME.\\nRtSlPENCE.\\nWllEl.E BOIIN.\\nra^ Vo.\\nNAMK.\\nResiiiesck.\\nWUEEE BOEN.\\ni\\n(or of\\nbirth).\\n1\\nWillifira Trftltlcs\\n61\\nI orter\\nEngland\\n1838\\nGeorge Evans\\n50!\\nEngloTxi\\n1846\\nMrs. William Tratlles.\\n51\\nPorter\\nCanada East\\n1836\\nJames M. Dyer\\n40lNewberg\\nNew York\\n1834\\n.\\\\hel Ueebe\\nnf.\\nPorter\\nNew York\\n1840\\nPhebeC. Dyer\\n39Newberg\\nNew York\\n1849\\nMrs. .\\\\belBeebe\\n(it\\nPorter\\nPennsylvania\\n1840\\nRebecca Jones\\n64Newberg\\nNew York\\n1837\\n.lames Motley\\nlih\\nI orter\\nEngland\\n1 836\\nM..ry Driskell\\n46Newberg\\nOhio\\n1828\\nMrs. James Motley\\nm\\nPorter\\nNew York\\n1836\\nDennis Driskell\\n4|Newberg\\nOhio\\n1829\\nGeorge Whiled\\n31\\nPorter\\nMichigan\\n1842\\nEdward H. Jones\\nISNewberg\\nNew York\\n1837\\nMrs. George Whited...\\n24\\nPorter\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n185(1\\nSamuel Everhart\\n62:Newberg\\nPennsylvania\\n183 i\\nMrs. Betsey Whited\\n65\\nPorter\\n183)\\nMary Everhart\\n16|Newberg\\nNew York\\n1837\\nHall Beardsley\\n44\\nPorter\\n\\\\ii ch. Cass Co;\\n1838\\nThomas W. Ludwick..\\nKiNewberg\\nPennsylvania...\\n1845\\nMrs Hall Beardsley...\\n38\\nPorter\\nOhio\\n1840\\nJulia A. Ludwick\\n46lNewberg\\nOhio\\n1835\\nHenry Lang\\n48\\nPorter\\nMassachusetts\\n1844\\nAmos Cowgill\\n60 La Grange\\nOhio\\n\\\\no\\nEdward Lang\\nPorter\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1843\\nMrs. E. E. Cowgill\\n53 La Grange\\nNew York\\n1836\\nOscar Lang\\nHI\\nPorter\\nMassachusetts\\n1844\\nMrs. M. A. Bucklin...\\n5|La Grange\\nOhio\\n1836\\nMrs. Oscar Lang\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0)7\\nP.rter\\nNew York\\n1837\\nLaura S. Henr-erson...\\n5 Wayne\\nVi^gi-ia\\n1834\\nA. H. Ling\\nPorter\\n.Massachusetts\\n1838\\nLewis Kinehart\\n66!Porter\\nVirginia\\n1829\\nMrs. .-v. H. Lang\\nPorter\\nNew York\\n1837\\nAnna Rinehart\\n61 Porter\\nOhio\\n1830\\n.Incob Rinehart\\n7()\\nPorter\\nVirginia\\n1820\\nLeRoy Curtis\\n60il enn\\nNew Ynik\\n1837\\nMrs. .Iftcob Rinehart..\\nlit)\\nPorter\\nGermany\\n1842\\nHardy Langston\\n72 Berrien County.\\nNorth Carolina..\\n1830\\n.\\\\lbert Thompson\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0iS\\nPorter\\nIndiana\\n1850\\nMary Langston\\n59 Berrien County.\\nVirginia\\n1830\\n.Sa uuel Rinehart\\n(J4\\nPorter\\nVirginia\\n1829\\nWashburn Benedict...\\n53 La Grange\\nMassachusetts...\\n1846\\nMrs. Sam l Rinehart..\\n53\\nPorter\\nOhio\\n1830\\nL. Curtis\\neOiPenn\\nNew \\\\ork\\n1837\\nAhram Rinehart\\nVirginia\\n1829\\nAlbert Jones\\n46NewberK\\nNew York\\n1837\\nMrs. Abram Rinehart.\\n49\\nPorter\\nNew York\\n1836\\nH. D. Shellenbaiger..\\n45 Porter..\\nOhio\\n1845\\nT. A. llitchcox\\n44\\nPorter\\nNe.v York\\n1831\\nSarah Shellenbarger...\\n35 Porter\\ni^l ig\\n1839\\n(iideon Hebron\\n42\\nPorter\\nEngland\\n1883\\nWilliam Renesten\\n781 La Grange\\nPennsylvania...\\n1830\\n.Mrs. Gideon Hebron\\nPorter\\nEngland\\nC. C. Grant\\n61 Mason\\nNew York\\n1831\\nMarcus McHuran\\nan\\nPorter\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1841\\nMargaret Davidson\\n59 La Grange\\ng\\n1832\\nMis. Marcus MoHuran\\nPorter\\nCass Co.. Mich.\\nSarah Hebron\\niw;!penn\\nNorth Carolina..\\n1830\\n.lohn M. Fellows\\n.Vg\\nCalvin\\nPennsylvania...\\n1829\\nNathaniel Black. uore..\\nidOntwa\\nNew York\\n1828\\nAmos Huff.\\n75\\nVoliuia\\nNew York\\n1833\\nJohn Main, Jr\\nLa.i.ange\\nMichigan\\n1833\\nJames M. Wright\\n53\\nVolii.ia\\nOhio\\n1831\\nJesse G. Beeson\\n(KiLatiiange\\nIndiana\\n183U\\nMrs. J. M Wright\\n48\\nVolinia\\nOhio\\n1828\\nMary Beeson\\n59\\nLa Grange\\nPennsylvania...\\n1830\\nElizabeth Squires\\n72\\nVolinift\\nPennsylvania...\\n1831\\nIsaac A. Huff\\n74\\nLa Grange\\nKentucky.........\\n1830\\nGeorge 8picer\\n50\\nVolinia\\nKngland\\n1847\\nIsaac N. Gard\\n46\\nVolinia\\nIndiana\\n1829\\nMrs. George Spicer\\n58\\nVolinia\\nOhio\\n1837\\nDivid Hain\\n70\\nLa Grange\\nNorth Carolina..\\n1831\\nGeorge Newton\\n(i4\\nVolinia\\nOhio\\n1831\\nLeander Osborne\\n48 Penn\\nIndiana\\n1835\\nEsther Newton\\n55\\nVolinia\\nOhio\\nHarrison Strong\\n56;Mason\\nNew York\\n1844\\nMilton J. Gard\\n50\\nVolinia\\nOhio\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Fidelia A. Strong\\n55 Mason\\nNew York\\n1844\\nJavRudd\\n48\\nPenn\\nVermont\\n18.36\\n.Margaret Stevenson....\\n51 Mason\\nNew York\\n1849\\nJ.K. Riller\\n45\\nCassopolis\\nBerrien County.\\n1829\\nSamuel Patrick\\n64|Jifferson\\nOhio\\n1845\\nHenry Shanafelt\\n50\\nLa Grange\\nOhio\\n1835\\nMos.sN. Adams\\nr.lOnlwa\\nVermont\\n1837\\nMrs. H Shanafelt\\n40\\nLa Grange\\nPennsylvania...\\n1844\\nElenora E. Stephens....\\n47 Mason\\nNew York\\n1841\\nE. R. Warner\\n63\\nCassopolis\\nNew York\\n1846\\nWe-ley Hunt\\n(lOCalvin\\nVermont\\n1836\\nMrs. D. M. Warner....\\n52\\nCassopolis\\nH.A. Wiley\\n57 Oik wa\\nOhio\\n1836\\nZ. Termilleyer\\n50\\nVolinia\\nbhio;;;;;;;;;;;;:;;\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ls62\\nS C. Olmsted\\niMOntwa\\nConnecticut\\n1836\\nJoseph M. Truilt\\n3H\\nMilton\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1837\\nW. 11. Hain\\n34|La(iranj!e\\nLa Grange, Mich\\n1840\\nMargaret I Truitl....\\n:l(;\\nMilton\\nBerrien County.\\n1838\\nElmira Gilbert\\n76! Porter....\\nVermont\\n1835\\nCliarlotte Morris\\nv\\nVolinia\\nPennsylvania...\\n1836\\nL. Dickson\\n72|Dowagiac\\nNew York\\n1828\\nllattieC Bucll\\n38\\nVolinia\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1836\\nCalestaStratton\\n59lL.owagiac\\nOhio\\n1832\\n(i. J. Townsend\\n4:;\\nPenn\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1831\\nLucinda Davi,s\\n63 Pennsylvania...\\nOhio\\n1829\\n11. Townsend\\n41\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1833\\nDavid R Stephens\\n51 Mason\\nNew York\\n1835\\nJohn H Rich\\n44\\nVolinia\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1829\\nElias. Jewell\\ni3 Wayne\\nNew Jersey\\n1837\\nGeorge Lyon\\n54\\nPenn\\nOhio\\n1833\\nI. A. Shingledeckef...\\n5r|La Grange\\nOhio\\n1846\\nSelina Green\\n54\\nPenn\\nNorth Carolina..\\n1831\\nBarbiraShingledecker\\n48| La Grange\\nOhio\\n1846\\nTobias Riddle\\n62\\nBerrien Co\\nVirginia\\n1832\\nWilliam Weaver\\n44|Jtffersi)n\\nNew York\\n1841\\nAsahel Z. Copley\\n60\\nVolinia\\nNew York\\n1834\\nElizabeth Weaver\\n39;.Iefferson\\nMichigan\\n1835\\nLeonard Goodrich\\n65\\nJefferson\\nNew York\\n1835\\nL. II. Gilbert\\n30 Purler\\nNew York\\n1835\\nJohnSquiers\\n45\\nVolinia\\nOhio\\n1831\\nJohn (-.Chirk\\n60 La Grange\\nOhio\\n1838\\nJoiin Rinehart\\n60\\nPorter\\nVirginia\\n1829\\nJames P. Doty\\n1 Grange\\nNew York\\n1843\\nDaniel Vantuyl\\n78\\nJeffer.son\\nNew Jersey\\n1835\\nK. J. Dickson\\n31 Pokrtgon\\nMaryland\\n18-28\\nJames East\\n70\\nCalvin\\nVirginia\\n1833\\nHannah B. Dickson...\\n43iPokagon\\nNew York\\n1847\\nE. C Smith\\n63\\nHoward.;:!;::;;\\nNew York\\n1835\\nElizabeth Gaid\\n70IVolinia\\nOhio\\n1829\\nMrs. E. C. Smith\\n63\\nHoward\\n.New York\\n1835\\nJohn Hain\\n76|La Grange\\nNorth Carolina..\\n18-^9\\nKavid Histcd\\nCassopolis\\nNew York\\n1842\\nElizabeth Gilbert\\n45|Porler\\nEngland\\n1836\\nCharles Smith\\n52\\nMason\\nNew York\\n1845\\nWilliam Saulsbury\\nJliJeffeison\\nOhio\\n1833\\nHarriet Smith\\n51\\nMason\\nNew York\\n1845\\nPeter Huff\\n72|Wayne\\n^-^n oeky\\n1831\\nJames Shaw\\n61\\nHoward\\nNew York\\n1840\\nCool Runkle\\n56lMilton\\nNew York\\n1841\\nI eterSturr\\n77\\nNew Jersey 1845\\nMargaret Runkle\\n54iMillon\\nPennsylvania...\\n1841\\nWilliam Bilderbeclc\\nSilver Creek\\nNew Jersey 1846\\nMeriitt A.Thompson..\\n27|Vandalia\\nMichigan\\n1847\\n.Sarah Bilderbeck\\n57\\nSilver Creek\\nOhio\\n1845\\nJ. B.Thomas\\n36()ntwa\\nPenn jlvania\\n1843\\nlliram Rogers\\n72\\nMilton\\nNew Jersey\\n1831\\nMrs. J. B Thomas\\n34 0ntwa\\nOntwa, Mich\\n1840\\nS. M. GrinneU\\n40\\nNew Yoik\\n1834\\nB. R. .Jones\\n44!Nile8\\nOhio\\n1833\\nJane A. Grinnell\\n46\\nNcwberg;;;.;;;.;\\nNew York\\n183.-.\\nIsaac Wells\\n44 La Grange\\nOhio\\n1 8: .2\\nJ. Ered Mertitt\\n27\\nPorter\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1840\\nWilliam J. Hall\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a09;Volinia\\nOhio\\n1833\\nMary A. Merritt\\n28\\nPorter\\nCass Co., Mich.\\n1815\\nB. F. Kudd\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2H Ncwberg\\nVerm..nt\\n1834\\nMartha Warren\\n.18\\nNcwberg\\nNew York\\n18;;(i\\n1.0 mis li. Warren\\n47 Volinia\\nNew V..rk\\n1837\\nNelson A. Hulchings..\\n41\\nNewbcrg\\nOhio\\n1836\\nOrlcy Ann Warren\\n42iVoliiiia\\nCass County\\n1833", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSusan-vh Davis\\nReuben B. Davis\\nJohn Barber\\nMrs. KateE. Barber...\\nLeonard Koene\\nAlsey Keene\\nEbenezer Anderson....\\nGeorge Laporte\\nPeter Youngblood\\nJohn Rosebrough\\nJames W. Robinson....\\nO. L. Tiarp\\nJ. H. Thomas\\nG. A. Meacham\\nWilliam Llark\\nEdwin T. Dickson......\\nLahan Tharp\\nLydia Tharp\\nSanford Ashcrafi\\nAbigail .\\\\shcraft\\nR. Russell\\nE.Russell\\nB. Lincoln\\nAcacha Lincoln\\nWilliam D. Brownell...\\nJames L.Glenn\\nHei ry Kimmerle\\nM. J. Kimmerle\\nD. A. Squier\\nK. H. Wiley\\nH. S. Rodgers\\nM. A.Pullman\\nSpencer Williams\\nJ. Wood....;\\n0. C. Ellis\\nH. M. Osborn\\nSleph n Jones\\nElias P.ardee\\nC. C.Allison\\nJosi.ah Kinnison\\nHenry Michael\\nHir.vm Lee\\nDavid B. Copley\\nMrs. Abbey H.Copley\\nH. A Chapi.,\\nP. W. Southwonh\\nMrs. J. A. Southwonh\\nAsa Hnntingt.n\\nZeva A. Tyler\\nWilliam Allen\\nLyman B Spalding....\\nMrs. M. S. Robinson..\\nDavid Gawihrop\\nHenry W. Smith\\nMrs. Nancy J. Smith..\\nEli Benjamin\\n\\\\1 Ca vin\\n7-5 Pennsylvania\\n69 Wayne\\n63|La Grange\\n64 Jefferson\\n48!Niles\\n48\\n68\\n47\\nVanrtalia\\nMason\\nMason\\nCalvin\\nBerrien County\\neOJefferson\\nJefferson\\nPenn\\nPenn\\n6.5|Penn\\niSPenn\\n...I Jefferson\\n...I Jefferson.\\n^!i Milton....\\n:5.5 Milton\\nCalvin.\\nOhio\\nVirginia\\nPennsylvania..\\nMichigan\\nNorth Carolina.\\nOhio\\nNew Jersey\\nVirginia\\nVirginia\\nOhio\\nOhio\\nVermont\\nNew York\\nNorth Carolina\\nIndian.!\\nOhio\\nOhi.)\\nVew York\\nNew Vork\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^ew York\\nNiles..\\nLa Grange...\\nLa Grange....\\nDtcatur\\nLa Grange....\\nVolinia\\nMilton\\nMilton\\nHoward\\nWayne\\nPenn\\n52,La Grange\\ntniPokagon\\n34 La Grange\\n67lH..ward\\n49iSilver Creek.\\n57|Calvin\\nI enn\\nPenn\\nNiles\\nVolinia\\nVolinia\\nWayne\\nWayne\\nPorter\\nLa Grange-\\nNile-\\n:i!LaGr.mge..\\n-\u00e2\u0096\u00a0iSVolinia\\n43 Volinia\\n54|Ontwa\\nCaM Co.\\n(or of\\nbirth).\\nNew York.\\nN ew Vork\\nPennsylvania\\nMicliigaii\\nMichigan\\nMichigan\\nPennsylvania\\nDelaware\\nNew Y ork\\nNew Vork\\nndiana\\nOl.io\\nMaine\\nOhio\\nTennessee\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nMa sachuseiis.\\nVermont\\nVermont\\nVermont\\nNew York\\nOhio\\nLi Grange\\nVermont\\nMichigan\\nOhio.\\nOhio\\nMassachusetts.\\nNAM\\nJohn M. Tiuiit 1.58\\nAnn E. Truitt 47\\nZ. Tinkham 72\\nJohn T. Miller Ifi7\\nW. H.Smith 60\\nRobert D. Merrill 39\\nMrs Robert Merritt... 40\\nNathan Skinner 55\\nMrs. Nathan Skinner.. 53\\nW. G. Beckwilh 67\\nJ.M.Jewell... 42\\nElias Jewell |66\\nJames L. Odell 47\\nMrs. John L. OdcU 30\\nMrs. W. H. Smith !4-\\nJohn Williams !42\\nEmmelt Dunning |45\\nP. A. Tharp lo3\\nDyer Dunning |42\\nKmily Taylor l61\\nKS APDKI) IN \u00e2\u0096\u00a04 877.\\nMilton Delaware\\nMilton Delaware\\nPokagon New York\\nJefferson Pennsylvania\\nVolinia jOhio\\nPorter Michigan\\nPorter \\\\Hchigan\\nPorter Ohio\\nPorter Ohio\\nJefferson JNew York\\nW..yne Ohio\\nWayne New Jersey....\\nPorter Michigan\\nPorter :Ohio\\nolinia Ohio\\nJefferson Michigan\\nHoward Pennsylvania.\\nCalvin Ohio\\nMilton |Pennsylvania\\nWayne iNew York\\n1834\\n1840\\n1861\\n1840\\n1832\\n1832\\n1833\\n1883\\n1832\\n1832\\n1854\\n1840\\n1863\\n1863\\n1834\\n1815\\n18.54\\n183.T\\n183!\\n1837\\n18^4\\n1840\\n18.33\\n1836\\n1831\\n1836\\n1837\\n1847\\n1829\\n1844\\n184-\\n1835\\n1835\\n1836\\n18.3\\n1832\\n18.36\\n1854\\n1831\\n1835\\n18.52\\n18.30\\n1832\\nLife.\\nLifp.\\n1845\\n1815\\n1836\\n18\u00c2\u00abi\\n1837\\nLife.\\n1842\\n1836\\nLife.\\n183i\\n1843\\n1834\\n1846\\nC. M. Doane\\nEmory Doane\\nGreen Allen\\nIsaac Johnson\\nRussell Cook\\nMrs. KussellCook\\nM. Carpenter ,77\\nMrs. Eliza Carpenter...|7\\nP.ter Truitt 78\\nJ. S. Shaw [50\\nW. W. Smith\\nH. A. Parker\\nC. P. Wells\\nJames P. Smith..\\nSusan A.Smith..\\nJ. E.Garwood 45\\nMrs. J. E.Garwood.... 38\\nJoseph Kirkwood 66\\nHarrison Adams 6f\\nMrs. Harrison Adams. 4-.\\nSolomon Curtis 5\\nMrs. Louisa Curtis {56\\nAnn Coulter 67\\nAnn M. Hopkins....\\nMrs. Norton Buckl\\nMrs. J. J. Ritter....\\nWilliam R. Merritt. Jr.!43\\nWilliam Rot.bins....\\nMatilda P. Gr.ffith\\nLizzie E. Tewksbury...j48\\nHoward\\nPorter\\nCalvin\\nLa Grange..\\nPokagon...\\nMilton\\nMilton\\nMilton\\nVolinia\\nLa Grange\\nPokagon\\nPokagon\\nOntwa\\nOntwa\\nPokagon\\nPokagon\\nWayne\\nJefferson\\nJefferson\\nPenn\\nPenn\\nHoward\\nOntwa\\nMarcellus\\nLa Grange\\nPorter\\nPorter\\nMilton\\nOutwa\\nMilton\\nMilton\\nU. Joseph Co hd.\\nCass Co.\\n(or of\\nbirth).\\nMichigan\\niMichigan\\nNorth Caroli:\\nV irginia\\nNew York...\\nNew Hampshire\\nDelaware....\\nDelaware....\\nDelaware....\\nMichigan.\\nOhio\\nNew Y ork.\\nNew Y ork.\\nNew York.\\nMichigan\\nOhio\\nScotland....\\nMaine\\nMichigan...\\nNew York-\\nNew York..\\nOhio\\nDelaware...\\nPennsylvan\\nMichigan..\\nOhio\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Michigan...\\nDelaware...\\nNew York..\\nMichigan.\\nMichigan\\nNAMES ADDED IN 1878.\\nAmos Smith J48Penn Pennsylva\\nM illiam l, ondon 62 Jefferson Ireland....\\nMrs. L. Goodspeed J48JVolinia JNew Y ork\\nDaniel Blish 66 Dowagiac New Hampshire\\n.Mrs. Julia Blish 58!Dowasriac New Y oik\\nPennsylvania\\nNew Y ork\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew Jersey....\\nNew York\\nConnecticut.\\nVermont\\nMichigan\\nI atheiine Roof. 59 Porter...\\nHugh C. McNeil .55|Mason...\\nJoseph Spencer 66|Wayne..\\nLauraSpenccr 64 Wayne...\\nSamuel Decou ttfl PeiMi\\nli abella Batchelor l6|Milton...\\n-V. A. Goddard i72|Mason...\\nC. VI. Morse |5) Dowagiat\\nL. B. Patterson |40jPokagon,\\nHannah M. Patterson.. 33 Pokagon Cass County\\nWilliam Hicks 56|Miltou England\\nJacob Tittle :57|Milton jOhio\\nHenry Fred ricks fi6|Porter Pennsylvania\\nHenry Harmon uSiPorter !Ohio\\nHenry Bloodgood \u00e2\u0096\u00a0iOICnsfopolis New York\\nAsa B. Wetherbee 54[Newherg New York\\nAbram Fiero 5l|La Grange New Y ork\\nHannah Henshaw Volinia Indiana\\nEli Bump \u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0096\u00a0)9 Penn Ohio\\nJames Pollock idiPenu iOhio......\\nLeandcr Bridges ol|Marc llus iNew Y ork\\nHarriet A. Bridges*... 43 Newberg New Y ork\\nMary J. Kenmerle 40La Grange La Grange\\nIra J. Putnam 51 Pokagon jCass County.....\\n.lohn F. Dodge 66 Newberg New York\\nAvril Earl fiSLa Grange iNew York\\n(liimaliel Townsend.... 76 La Grange Canada West\\nJohn Hain, Sr 78 La Grange North Carolina..\\nP. P. Perkins 55 Howard New York\\nE. P. Clisbee .57,Oberlin jOhio\\nI) lean Putnam 70LaGrange New York.......\\nAureliaPutnam 62 La Grange New York..i..\\n.liimesA. Lee 62 Dowagiac New York....,.,j\\nPatience Lee 61 Dowagiac New Vork\\nJohn Bedford 73 Dowagiac England\\nNathan Phillips SSIPokngon New York\\nThe lirst y\\nchild t om in Newberg Township.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nGeorge Rogers 49 Ontwn New York\\nAbraham Rinehart 61 Porter Virjiinia\\nHannah E. Rinehart... 52 Porter New York\\nJohn Lybrook 8 |La Grange Virginia\\nJoseph Lybrook 33!La Grange Cass County...\\nEllen P. Hibrey IS.SiCassopolis Wales\\nAdelia T. Merritt 66lBrislol, Ind New York\\nDaniel Mcintosh 74,Penn Marylind\\nHugh P.Garrett -ISIU Grunge Ohio\\nJohn MePherson .54 Jelferson |Ohio\\nWilliam Young Rl Howard iVermont\\nJohn A. Jones oSCassopolis Pennsylvania\\nZora E. Jones 25; a?sopoIis\\nRoderick L. Van Ness.. 33 Cassopolis Howard\\nJulia E. Van Ness 26Ca*opoIis Volinia\\nJoseph L.Jacks TSEdwardsburg Pennsylvania.\\nDr. C. J. Boughton....66|Wakelee\\nbirth).\\n1844\\n1829\\n183H\\n1823\\n1846\\n1835\\n1830\\n1829\\n1848\\n18 ?9\\n1831\\n1846\\ni 845\\n18o2\\n1829\\n1836\\nN\\nAmos Jones\\nAMES A1.DKD IN 18\\n58 La Grange\\n71 Jefferson\\n79.\\nOhio\\nNorth Carolina.\\nOhio\\n1830\\nWilliam Reames\\n1828\\n1835\\n48Edwardsburg..\\n55 Volinia\\nSamuel Morris\\nOhio..\\n18 8\\nDavid Beardsley\\nMrs. Mary Dewey\\nValentine Dyer\\n55\\n62\\n54\\n75\\n52\\n51\\n3:^\\n69\\nMason\\nOhio\\n1832\\nEdwardsburg...\\nMilton\\nPurter\\nCalvin\\nNew York\\nPolly M. ^hellhammer\\nJames W East\\nOhio\\nIndiana\\n.Marcellus\\nNew York\\nRho e Island...\\nDelaware\\n1834\\n1832\\nMarcellus\\nNewberg\\nArchibald Dunn\\n1835\\nMilton\\nGeorge Smith\\n68Milton\\n1828\\nWilliam Lawson\\nEphraim Hanson\\nJonathan Colyer\\nSarah Atwo^d\\nCatherine Colyer\\n55\\n46\\n69\\n65\\n45\\n16\\n66\\nCalvin\\nOntwa\\nJeflfersun\\nDowagiac\\nNorth Carolina..\\nNew York\\nNorth Carolina.\\nI ennsylvani i\\nOhio\\nPennsylvania\\nNew York\\nNew Vork\\nNew York\\nNew York\\n1853\\n1835\\n1831\\n1831\\n1832\\nUowagiac\\nDowagiac\\nHoward\\nMary Jane Smith\\nSalicia Emmons\\n1837\\n1822\\n1834\\nOCalvin\\neelCalvin\\nNathan Norton\\nOhio\\n1H32\\nJohn A. Reynolds\\nLaura J. Koynolds....\\nJoshua Leaoh\\n65\\n61\\n67\\n53\\n72\\nin\\nJefferson\\nJefferson\\nPenn\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nVermont\\n1848\\n1849\\n1833\\nCharity Rich\\nU.S. Goodenough\\nGeorge Long^dnff....\\nMargaret Leaves\\nGeorge L. Stevens\\nElias Morris\\nCharlotte Morris\\nVolinia\\nNew York\\nPensylvania\\nMason\\nVanBur.uCo...\\nPennsylvania\\nOhio\\n1846\\n63\\n31\\n47\\n47\\nVandalift\\nLa Grange\\nMason\\nVolinia\\nVolinia\\nEliza Goble\\n66 Dowagiac\\n64:Wayne\\nTliPorter\\n69 Porter\\nOhio\\nLevi Springstine\\nBraddock Carter\\nCaroline Carter\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nVermont\\nlS3t\\n1844\\n1844\\n65\\n64\\nMefaitable Ross\\nMason\\nNew York\\nMichigan\\nIndiana\\n1829\\nElizabeth llilchcox\\n38 Mason\\n1848\\nGeorge BemenI\\n37\\n8H\\n53\\n53\\n53\\ni;9\\n\u00c2\u00ab5\\n59\\nOntwa\\nMason\\nNew York\\nDelaware\\nNew York\\nOhio\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\nNew York\\n1841\\nMrs. Betsey Gardner..\\nDavid T. Truitt\\nA J. Gardner\\nMason\\nMilton\\nMason\\nMason\\n1832\\n1831\\n1832\\nDavid Beardsley\\nMrs. Belinda Miller...\\nAnn C Miller\\n1833\\n18.35\\n1835\\nVirgil Turner\\nArietta Van Ness\\nOutwa\\nHoward\\n1851\\n1845\\nElizabeth D. ICeeler\\nJoshua Richardson\\nEveline E. Richanison.\\nThomas Slapleton\\nMrs. C. J. Greenleaf...\\nMaryette H. Glover...\\nThomas Odell\\nHenry J. Brown\\nSadie Huyck\\n.Jacob B. Breece\\nSarah M. Bieece\\nAaron J. Nash\\nMargaret R. Nash\\n59 Porter\\n1)0 Porter\\n49 Porter\\n45l(^as8opolis\\n...Dowagiac\\n33(;assopolis.\\nPorter\\nPorter\\nMarcellus\\nJefferson\\nJefferson...\\n6:\\nNew York\\nOhio\\nMichigan\\nIreland\\nDowagiac\\nCassoplis\\nPorter\\nMichigan\\nMichigan\\nP nnsylvania\\nPennsylvania\\nNew Vork\\nNew York\\nWilliam H. 01mstead..]57\\nSarah A. Olmsteail 50\\nJacob Suits\\nMary Reames\\nJohn E. Reames 48\\nLovinia Reames 8\\nSamuel Ingling jo\\nJane D. Ingling [4\\nJos. H. Burns 6\\nAnn E. Burns 5\\nJohn Bilderback 3\\nCynthia Bilderback. ...:3\\nEleazer Hammond\\nReason S. Pemherton\\nMargaret Pemberton\\nErastus Z. Morse\\nIsrael P. Hutton\\nJohn H. Hutton 46\\nAnne Moorlag 154\\nSarah Ann Moorlag.. .|20\\nWilliam Loupe 46\\nMary Loupe 36\\nlantha Wood 53\\nWilliam H. Doane 71\\nLois A. Doane 158\\nMilton jNew York\\nMilton New York\\nNew Vork\\nJefferson Ohio\\nJefferson Ohio\\nJefferson Kentucky\\nDowagiac Kentucky\\nDowagiac New York\\n.Mason New York\\nMason New York\\nSilver Creek Ohio\\nSilver Creel! .Mi-liigan\\nMilton New York\\nVandalia.. Indi.ina\\nv andalia Germany\\nBerrien County. Pennsylvania\\nPenn Holland\\nPenn Indiana\\nPorter Pennsylvania\\nPorter [Michigan\\nHowar New York\\nHoward New Vork\\nHoward JNew York\\n1838\\n18.54\\n1854\\n1845\\n1845\\n1847\\n18)4\\n1845\\nNAMKS Anl Ell\\nGabriel Eby 63 Porter...\\nCaroline Eby 54 Purler..\\nHiram N. Wocdin 54 Mason\\nMartha C. Wodin 47 Mason\\nH. H Poorman 64!Marcell\\n1881\\n.Ohio\\nGermany....\\nNew York.\\nNew Vork.\\nPennsylvan\\nHenry E. Hain J45| Edwardsburg.. ..Michigan..\\nWilliam M. Has- 48 La Grange Illinois\\nNancy Simpson 57lPokagon Virginia\\nJ. M. Huff 47|Vollnia Ohio\\nJosephine B Smith ...j47UMilton .Delaware..\\nPerry Curtiss 43 Silver Creek Michigan..\\nG. W. Smith SOMilton Delaware\\nAlfred Shockley 52 Milton Delaware\\n11. B. Shurter Jefferoi. New York.,\\nMartin Stamp 35 Pinn Michigan..\\nA. D. Thompson 48 Milton Delaware...\\nC. M. Odell 43;Howard Michigan\\nKinney Shanahan 27(Jntwa Michigan..\\nSamuel A. Breece 38 Newberg Michigan...\\nJacob Reese\\nMarcus Sherrell\\nH. D. Bowling\\nMrs. Mary Childs...\\nA. J. Ditz\\nWilliam W, CarpcnK\\nGeorge W. Willii\\n.59 Milt\\n41 .lefferson lefferson.\\n38 Pokagon Ohio\\n33 Calilornia Indiana\\n.jt9| Mason .New York\\n5IJMilton Delaware.\\n.!42i Howard [Delaware.\\nMichigan\\nJasper K. Aldrich l32 Milton\\nMrs. Emily Curtis [...JNewbcrg\\nlOnos Roseliraugli 41 Jefferson Michigan.\\nGeorge Tharp 38.1efferson |.Michigan\\nPeter Fox 42 Howard Delaware\\nJohn Hess lOJefferson Ohio\\nHenry D. Goodrich... 38 Jefferson Illinois\\n.Inhn O. Pollock 51 Penn Ohio\\nWilliam 1). Kox 38 Howard Delaware..\\nJulia A. Parsons |33;Vlilton [Michigan..\\n1842\\n1845\\n1846\\n1846\\n1844\\n1870\\n1833\\n1843\\n1841\\n1835\\n1832\\n1837\\n1848\\n1846\\n1847\\n1858\\n1836\\n1853\\n1827\\n1834\\n1834\\n1838\\n1854\\n1833\\n18.56\\n1845\\n1836\\n1837\\n1854\\n1842\\n1834\\n1840\\n1849\\n1847\\n1847\\n183tl\\n1838\\n1849\\n18.39\\n1842", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nNathaniel B. Crawford 61\\nByron H Cast\\nGeorge S. H:i-\\nDaviiJ l\u00c2\u00bb. ilt;!\\nHorace \\\\V:\u00e2\u0080\u009err\\nHarvey |i.-|h,\\nGeorge i;. i i;i\\nAsher .1, SI,:,.\\nKohert, N\\\\ Mmi\\nJohn R. Everl\\nSarah Driscol Everhart 59 Porler\\nJohn Manning 47 Porter Co.,\\nRichard M. Williams.. 40 L Gr.inge.\\nU Penn Michiga\\nM Dowagiao Ohio\\nMl Penn Ohi(\\n14 Newberg [Michigan\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0.4|Penn [New York\\n.-La Grange Ohio\\n.1 Howard Michigan\\niVPenn Ohio\\n57 Porler. Pennsylvania\\nOhi.\\n18.37\\n1851\\n1855\\n1847\\n1861\\n1832\\n1829\\nchigan\\nThe total number of naine.s registered is five hu\\ndreil and ninety-one.\\nCHAPTER XXL\\n.AGRICULTURAL AND MISCELLANEOU.S SOCtKTlES.\\nOrKanization of the Cass County Agricultural S.ciely in 1851\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The\\nFirst Fair Held\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Speech by llciuaii Keillield\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Condition of the\\nCounty Thirty Years Ago\u00e2\u0080\u0094 HorscN, I ;,,i[, :iii,i si,,,|,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ten Tliou-\\nsnnd Things by Wolvenne Aii,i iiie \u00e2\u0080\u0094Complete\\nPremium List of the Fair of is,.i i. i ,,1 History of the\\nSociety\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cass County Bible Society or^.uii,:,,: m i.- .,l\u00e2\u0080\u0094 County Med-\\nical Societies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Farmer s Mutual Fire Insurance Company.\\nTFJE Cass County Agricultural Society came into\\nexistence in the spring of 1851. and the first fair\\nwas held in the fall of the same year. The exact date\\nof organization cannot now be ascertained (the records\\nhaving been lost), but it was probably in March or\\nApril. The President was Justus Gage, and the Sec-\\nretary, George B. Turner.\\nIMay 13, the National Democrat made a strong ap-\\npeal to the farmers of the county to become members\\nof the society, and pay into its treasury the sum of\\n50 cents each, thus enabling the society to make out\\na good premium list.\\nOn the 24th, the E.xecutive Committee held a meet-\\ning in Cassopolis, at which Judges were appointed for\\nthe ilifferent departments of the proposed fair, and the\\nPresident, Justus Gage, was authorized to procure\\nsome suitable person to deliver an address, on the oc-\\ncasion.\\nIt was resolved thac the first annual fair be held at\\nCassopolis on the 18th day of September, 1851, pro-\\nvided the citizens of the place would, at their own ex-\\npense, prepare the grounds, pens, etc.. and, in case\\nthey should not accede to this arrangement, it was pro-\\nvided that the committee, having the matter in charge,\\nshould select some other place the citizens of which\\nwould be willing to make all of the necessary prepara-\\ntions free of charge.\\nThe following committees of arrangements were ap-\\npointed\\nGentlemen s Committee Asa Kingsbury, G. B.\\nTurner, James Sullivan, Joseph Smith, E. B. Sher-\\nman.\\nLadies Committee Mrs. James Sullivan, Mrs. W.\\nG. Beck with, Mrs. Jacob Silver, Miss. A. M. Redfield,\\nMiss. E. Sherman, Miss. Sarah Lindsey, Mrs. Barak\\nMead and Mr-t. S. F. Anderson.\\nThe fair was duly held, and in Cassopolis, hence it\\nis to be presumed that the people of the village ma de\\nsufficiently liberal preparations. The show grounds\\nfor stock were south of Joshua Lofland s premises\\nand east of Mr. Root s, and the hall of the court\\nhouse was used for the display of fruits, vegetables and\\narticles of domestic manufacture, and was under the\\ncharge of ladies. The attendance was quite large and\\nthe exhibition was generally pronounced a success.\\nThe National Democrat said it vastly exceeded\\nour expectations, not only in regard to quantity of\\nstock and number of articles exhibited, but in the\\nsuperior quality and excellence of both. We venture\\nthe assertion the writer continued, that no one\\ncounty in the State can bring forward as good stock\\nas Cass. This is saying much for her but no more\\nthan she is able to back up by an actual showing.\\nAn interesting feature in the programme of this\\nfirst fair was an address by Heman Redfield, delivered\\nbefore a large audience at the court house. The con-\\neluding portion of the speech makes interesting read-\\ning at the present day, and gives a good idea of the\\nagricultural condition of Cass County in 1851. Mr.\\nRedfield said\\nThat the experiment has been successful and that\\nour society is established upon a permanent founda-\\ntion has been most amply demonstrated. May we\\nnot now indulge the agreeable conviction that each\\nreturning exhibition will derive additional interest and\\nvalue, until our county shall assume that position to\\nwhich by nature it is entitled, as the first among the\\nagricultural districts of our beautiful State\\nThe variety and fertility of our soil, the abun-\\ndance of our water privileges and the unlimited mar-\\nkets almost surrounding us, in connection with the\\nenergy and enterprise of our population, as this day\\nwitnessed, would seem to indicate the possibility of\\nsuch an event at no distant period.\\nA reference to the statistical report of the Secre-\\ntary of State to the last Legislature, discloses the fact\\nthat few counties in the State in proportion to the\\nterritory ami number of population, produce an equal\\namount of wheat and other grain, and very few, if\\n.my, excel us in this respect.\\nNow we have in our county about tiO.OOO acres of\\nimproved land, something less than a quarter of our", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nterritory, and the total value of our property of all\\nkinds, is, as assessed, about $800,000, with a popula-\\ntion of 11,000. In 1849. we raised from 18,000\\nacres about 160,000 bushels of wheat, something over\\nthirteen bushels to each individual, and yet this was\\nonly an average of about ten bushels per acre, for a\\nsoil of the most productive character; not over half a\\ncrop at the best calculation. I believe it is gener-\\nally admitted that our .soil must be deepened before it\\ncan be permanently improved, and that one acre of\\nsoil twelve inches deep, is worth more to make money\\nfrom by cultivating it, than four acres six inches deep.\\nAdmitting that under the best circumstances an acre\\nof soil six inclies deep will produce fourteen bushels\\nof wheat, and that twelve bushels will pay the ex-\\npenses, and we have two bushels as profit. Now\\ndouble the depth of the soil and the amount of the\\ncrop, making the former twelve inches instead of ^ix\\nand the latter twenty-eight bushels instead of four-\\nteen fifteen bushels instead of twelve will now pay\\nall expenses and leave a net profit, not of two but\\nthirteen bushels to the acre. Manure well, plow\\ndeep, sow in good season, then trust in Providence\\nand instead of selling $60,000 worth of wheat we can\\nmarket three times that amount.\\nThere was raised in our county two years ago\\n600,000 bushels of other grain, of which at least one-\\nhalf was a surplus, worth as much as the wheat crop,\\nand susceptible by good husbandry of equal augmen-\\ntation in amount and value.\\nWe own three thousand horses, worth on an aver-\\nage say $40 or a total of $120,000. Now it costs\\nno more to raise a colt worth at four years old $80\\nthan one hard to jockey off at $40. And a little re-\\nflection will convince any one that the above value can\\nbe doubled in five years.\\nThe enterprise of a fellow-citizen offers you\\nstock of as good blood and reputation as can be found,\\nand which he has, I think safely, challenged the State\\nto equal. And there are several other excellent\\nbreeders of that noble animal among us. We certainly\\nshould exert ourselves to patronize and sustain them.\\nWe possess 8,000 head of cattle, generally of an\\ninferior size and quality, and are selling the average\\nof our young cows and steers at from $8 to $10.\\nwhen in good condition, and 1 am fully satisfied\\nthat the value of this stock can be easily doubled\\nby an importation of thoroughbreds, the judicious\\npatronage of those we have and a more general at-\\ntention to care and keeping.\\nWe have likewise 17,000 sheep, shearing in 184!l,\\n44,000 pounds of wool, about two and a half pounds\\nper head, and worth that year an average of 50\\ncents per pound, a gross value of about $14,000. We\\nhave in our limits as good stock sheep as can be found\\nin the country, and a general attention to this depa)t-\\nment of our industry will enable us to increase the\\nweight of the fleece to four pounds, worth 40 cents\\nper pound, and the value of the carcass proportionally.\\nIn addition to the above list, we have among our\\ngrubs and in our puddles, about ten thousand things\\nwhich Wolverine audacity has denominated swine\\nvariously known as Naragansetts, alligators, land\\nsharks, a.n^ flee breeders. In one sense indeed this\\nclass of our domestic animals has received much at-\\ntention, but that attention has resulted from wonder\\nand disgust, and has been expressed in unmeasured\\nridicule, sarcasm and invective. It is well known that\\na well-bred and well-kept hog can be easily made to\\nweigh, in eighteen months, 400 pounds, worth $3\\nper hundred weight, while it is a hard matter to make\\nthe critters I speak of ever weigh 200 pounds, and a\\nharder matter to dispose of the compound of acorns,\\nground nuts and carrion for %iper hundred iveiyht.\\nThere has been an improvement in Cass County\\nswine during the past thirty years.\\nFollowing is a complete list of the premiums awarded\\nat the fair of 1851\\ni CVTTLE.\\nB. W. Philips, La Grange, for best Durham bull, cash\\npremium.\\nJoseph Smith, .Jefferson, for second best Durham\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2bull, diploma.\\nJames E. Bonine, Penn, for best bull under two\\nyears, cash premium.\\nThomas Tinkler, Wayne, for best grade bull, di-\\nploma.\\nWilliam Jones, Pennsylvania, for best milch cow,\\ncash premium.\\nDavid Brady, La Grange, for best yoke work oxen,\\ncash premium.\\nB. Bullard, Mason, for second best work oxen, di-\\nploma.\\nJesse Jones, Mason, for third best work oxen,\\ndiploma.\\nHORSES.\\nB. W. Philips, La Grange, for best stallion, cash\\npremium.\\nLewis Riiiehart, Porter, for second best stallion,\\ncash premium.\\nArchibald Jewell, Wayne, for best brood mare, cash\\npremium.\\nA. J. Luther, Ontwa, for best span matched horses,\\ncash premium.\\nJames Townsend, Penn, for second best span\\nmatched liorses, cash premium.\\nIsaac A. Huff, La Grange, for best colt under two\\nyears, cash premium.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "150\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nDavid Finch, La Grange, for best colt under three\\nyears, cash premium.\\nM. Rudd, Penn, for best single horse in harness,\\ncash premium.\\nSWINE.\\nJoseph Smith, Jefferson, for largest hog, cash\\npremium.\\nJames E. Bonine, Penn, for best boar, cash pre-\\nmium.\\nJustus Grage, Wayne, for second best boar, diploma.\\nDaniel Mcintosh, Penn, for best breeding sow,\\ncash premium.\\nEdward Beech, La Grange, for second best breed-\\ning sow, diploma.\\nNathan Aldrich, Ontwa, for third best breeding\\nsow, diploma.\\nDaniel Mcintosh, Penn, for best lot of pigs,\\ndiploma.\\nNathan Aldrich, Ontwa, for second best lot of\\npigs, diploma.\\n(iRAIN AND VEGETABLES.\\nBenjamin Gage, Wayne, for best wheat, diploma.\\nArchibald Jewell, Wayne, for second best wheat,\\ndiploma.\\nWilliam Allen, Mason, best lot of beans, diploma.\\nD. T. Nicholson, Jefferson, for best lot of sweet\\npotatoes, diploma.\\nAGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, ETC.\\nMorris Custard, La Grange, for best two-horse\\nwagon, cash premium.\\nNathan Aldrich, Ontwa, for best two-horse plow,\\ncash premium.\\nHeman Redfield, Mason for best beehive, cash\\npremium.\\nHeman Redfield, for best straw cutter, cash pre-\\nmium.\\nC. Smith, Mason, for best cheese press, cash pre-\\nJohn Gage, Wayne, for best Spanish Merino buck,\\ncash premium.\\nJ. E. Bonine, Penn, for two best Spanish Merino\\nbucks, cash premium.\\nF. Brownell, Penn, for four best Merino yearlings,\\ndiploma.\\nMISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES.\\nDaniel Carlisle, La Grange, for best ten pounds of\\nmaple sugar, diploma.\\nAmos Northrup, Calvin, for best lot of honey,\\ncash premium.\\nPhilo White, Wayne, for second best lot of honey,\\ndiploma.\\nMrs. E. Thomas, Ontwa, for beat worsted work,\\ndiploma.\\nMrs. E. Thomas, Ontwa, for best paintings, di-\\nploma.\\nDOMESTIC .MANUFACTDKES.\\nH. Thompson, Ontwa, best embroidered shawl,\\ndiploma.\\nMrs. E. Thomas, Ontwa, for best linen hose,\\ndiploma.\\nMrs. E. Thomas, for best table spread, diploma.\\nMrs. Beckwith, Jefferson, for best quilt, diploma.\\nMrs. E. Thomas, best bureau cover, diploma.\\nMrs. Sullivan, La Grange, best hearth rug, diploma.\\nMrs. A. B. Copley, Volinia, best five yards of\\nflannel, diploma.\\nGeorge Meacham, Porter, for three best cheese,\\ndiploma.\\nPLOWING.\\nBenniah Tharp, Calvin, for best plowing with\\noxen, diploma.\\nFRUITS AND FLOWERS.\\nHeman Redfield, for best and largest variety of\\napples, thirty-four varieties, cash premium.\\nMiss Julia A. Redfield, Ontwa, for best ftill apple,\\ncash premium.\\nA. A. Goddard, Mason, for fourteen varieties of\\napples, diploma.\\nMiss Julia A. Redfield, Ontwa, for best winter apples,\\ndiploma.\\nD. T. Nicholson, Jefferson, for four varieties winter\\napples, diploma.\\nMrs. McKyes, Wayne, for best lot of peaches,\\ndiploma.\\nHeman Redfield, Mason, for three varieties of\\nquinces, cash premium.\\nThe Committee also noticed favorably fine speci-\\niftens of peaches offered by C. C. Landon and others\\nsome apples exhibited by D. T. Nicholson, and a\\nvariety of pears by Nathan Aldrich.\\nThe Committees of Judges who made the awards\\nwere constituted as follows:\\nOn Horses Arch. Jewell, P. Norton, Wm. Jones.\\nOn Cattle\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Moses Joy, Reuben Allen, B. W. Phil-\\nlips.\\nOn Sheep A. Redding, John Nixon, George Red-\\nfield.\\nOn Swine James Bonine, 0. Drew, Jonathan\\nGard.\\nOn Agricultural Implements Gideon Allen, Na-\\nthan Aldrich, Jesse G. Beeson.\\nOn Grain and Vegetables Hiram Jewell, M. Sher-\\nill. W. G. Beckwith.\\nOn Plowing Match David Brady, Joseph Carpen-\\nter, T. M. N. Tinkler.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n151\\nOn Miscellaneous Articles William Allen, B.\\nHathaway, S. T. Read.\\nOn Fruits and Flowers Heman Redfield, E. S.\\nSmith, D. Jewell, Mrs. E. S. Smith, Mrs. G. Sher-\\nwood, Mrs. J. Gage, Mrs. G. B. Turner.\\nOn Domestic Manufactures Lewis Edwards, A_\\nB. Copley. Cyrus Bacon, Mrs. G. Allen, Mrs. A.\\nRedding. Mrs. S. F. Anderson, Mrs. L. Edwards.\\nThe second annual meeting of the Cass County\\nAgricultural Society, for the election of officers, was\\nheld at the office of George B. Turner, Esq., in Cass,\\nopolis. on Monday, the Ist of March, 1852. The\\nfollowing officers were chosen for the year President,\\nJustus Gage, of Wayne; Treasurer, Joseph Smith, of\\nJeffiEjrson; Secretary, G. B. Turner, of La Grange;\\nCorresponding Secretary, D. M. Howell, of La\\nGrange; Vice Presidents John S. Gage, Wayne.\\nSullivan Treat, Silver Creels William L. Clyborne^\\nPokagon; Hiram Jewell, La Grange; John Nixon,\\nPenn; Ira Warren, Newberg; Oscar N. Long, Por.\\nter; J. S. Bennett, Mason; S. T. Read, Calvin;\\nPleasant Norton, Jefferson Henry Heath, Howard\\nA. Redding, Ontwa; Peter Truitt, Milton; H. Mc-\\nQuigg, Marcellus; B. Hathaway, Volinia.\\nThe history of the Cass County Agricultural So-\\nciety has not been one of either marked or uniform\\nsuccess. The fairs were held until 1857 on Samuel\\nGraham s land, but in that year the society bought\\nland, where the Air Line Railroad depot now is,\\nwhich the society was compelled to abandon, when\\nthe Peninsular (Grand Trunk) Railroad was con-\\nstructed. The next location was in the way of the\\nAir Line Railroad and that, too, had to be given up.\\nThe present grounds were purchased in 1871, of\\nSamuel Graham, at an expense of $3,000. The tract\\nincludes twenty acres of land finely adapted to the\\npurpose for which it is used. A considerable sum of\\nmoney has been expended in the erection of buildings\\nand in making other improvements.\\nMost of the exhibitions given by the society have\\nbeen very creditable; but the formation of other agri-\\ncultural associations in the county has of course been\\ndisadvantageous to the old organization.\\nTHE CASS COUNTY BIBLE SOCIETY.\\nThis was the first county society organized and had\\nits origin in 1831. It was recognizeii by the Ameri-\\ncan Bible Society as an auxiliary in February of that\\nyear. The officers were President, Elder Adam\\nMiller Corresponding Secretary, Rev. Luther Hum.\\nphrey Treasurer, Sylvester Meacham. Mr. Hum.\\nphrey seems to have served only a year, for in 1832,\\nAlexander H. Redfield appears as Corresponding\\nSecretary. Alfred R. Benedict held that position in\\n1834. In 1836, Martin C. Whitman was President;\\nRev. Luther Humphrey, Corresponding Secretary,\\nand Mr. Meacham continued as Treasurer. Samuel\\nF. Anderson was President in 1837, the other officers\\nremaining the same. Dr. John J. Treat was Presi-\\ndent in 1838, Azariah Rood was President in 1839\\nand Clark Olmsted, Treasurer, and they were still in\\noffice in 1841. In the first ten years of its existence\\nthe Cass County Bible Society remitted to the parent\\nsociety $151.30. There was no change in officers\\nuntil 1844, when Hon. Clifford Shanahan became\\nPresident. In 1846, Cyrus Bacon was President\\nand Alfred Bryant, Secretary, Mr. Olmsted still con-\\ntinuing as Treasurer.\\nOf the foregoing there is no record upon the local\\nsociety s books. The data was procured from the\\nSecretary of the parent society by Mr. Joseph K.\\nRitter.\\nIt appears that the society was re-organized in Janu-\\nary, 1861. Samuel F. Anderson was elected Presi-\\ndent James Boyd, Vice President Joseph K. Ritter,\\nTreasurer W. W. Peck, Secretary, and the Revs.\\nMiles and Hoag, Messrs. Joseph Harper, Joshua\\nLofland and S. T. Read as members of the Executive\\nCommittee.\\nFollowing are the present officers, viz. President,\\nJoseph Harper; Vice President, D. B. Smith Treas-\\nurer, C. G. Banks Secretary, Joseph K. Ritter.\\nExecutive Committee D. B. Ferris, Jesse Harrison,\\nW. W. Mcllvain.\\nCASS COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.\\nThe first medical society in the county was organ-\\nized in August, 1851. The officers elected were\\nPresident, Dr. D. E. Brown Vice President, Dr.\\nHenry Lockwood Secretary, Dr. Alonzo Garwood\\nTreasurer, Dr. E. Penwell Standing Committee,\\nDrs. I. G. Bugbee, J. Allen and B. Wells. The\\nobjects of this society were similar to those of the\\npresent organization, that is, the advancement of the\\nprofession, social intercourse, the establishment of a\\nschedule of charge s for professional services, etc.\\nBut possibly there was not a clear understanding\\nof the purposes of the society in the minds of the\\npeople at large. At any rate, one man seems to have\\nhad only a partially defined idea of them. George\\nP. Coffey, a resident of Mechanicsburg, and a log\\nhouse carpenter by occupation, when he contem-\\nplated going West, thought it would be well to join\\nthe society, that he might be able to show where he\\ndegraded from.\\nThe schedule of rates on which the society agreed,\\nplaced the amount of money to be charged for an\\nordinary visit in the village at 50 cents; raedi-", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "152\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncine and attention was to be charged for at the rate\\nof $1 per day medicine and visit, one mile, $1\\nvisit and medicine, from one to two miles, $1.25\\nvisit and medicine, from two to four miles, $1.50;\\neach additional mile 25 cents. Quinine and night\\nvisits were to be extra in all cases. Surgical opera-\\ntions, etc., were to be performed for $5 visit and\\nconsultation within three miles was to entitle the\\nphysician to a remuneration of $3, and the same\\nwithin a distance of from three to ten miles to f5\\nTHE PRESENT COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY\\nwas organized at a meeting held at Cassopolis June 26,\\n1877, Dr. C. W. Morse, of Dowagiac, in the Chair.\\nThe following officers were elected for the year 1 877-7 8\\nPresident, Dr. C. W. Morse; Vice Presidents, Drs.\\nA. Garwood, L. Osborn, R. Patterson Secretary, Dr.\\nW. J. Kelsey; Treasurer, J. B. Sweetland.\\nFollowing are the names and residences of the orig-\\ninal members of the society, viz.:\\nDr. C. W. Morse, Dowagiac; Dr. W. J. Kelsey,\\nCassopolis Drs. Robert Patterson and John B. Sweet-\\nland, Edwardsburg Drs. L. D. Tompkins, A. Gar-\\nwood and F. Goodwin, Cassopolis Dr. J. Robertson,\\nPokagon Dr. Edward Prindle, Dowagiac Drs. L.\\nOsborn, H. H. Phillips and Otis Moor, Vandalia\\nDr. W. J. Ketcham, Volinia Dr. 0. W. Hatch,\\nAdamsville.\\nSince the society was formed, the following persons\\nhave been added to the membership roll\\nDr. I. Bugbee (honorary), Edwardsburg Drs. Hor-\\nace Carbine and E. C. Davis, Marcellus Dr. Phineas\\nGregg (honorary), Brownsville Drs. Levi Aldrich,\\nFrank Sweetland and Fred W. Sweetland, Edwards-\\nburg Dr. J. M. Wright, Brownsville; Dr. William\\nE. Parker, Cassopolis Dr. A. J. Landis, Adamsville\\nDr. Reuben Schurtz, Jones.\\nThe following preamble to the constitution of the\\nsociety, sets forth its objects We, the undersigned,\\npractitioners of medicine and surgery in the county of\\nCass, for the mutual advancement in medical knowl-\\nedge, the elevation of professional character, the pro-\\ntection of the interests of its members, the extension\\nof the bounds of medical science, and the promotion\\nof all measures adapted to the relief of suffering, do\\nconstitute ourselves a Medical Society.\\nfarmers MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY OF\\nCASS COUNTY.\\nThis company, doing business in the counties of\\nCass, Van Buren and Berrien, was organized May 8,\\n1863, with the following as it officers: President,\\nJesse G. Beeson Treasurer, Archiablc Jewell, of\\nWayne Townsliip; Secretary, A. D. Stocking, of\\nDowagiac Directors, W. G. Beckwith, of Jefferson\\nIsrael Ball, of Wayne; William R. Fletcher, of\\nWayne Frank Brown, of Pokagon and Daniel\\nBlish, of Silver Creek. The object of the com-\\npany is the insurance of farm dwellings and out-\\nbuildings at a minimum price, and upon the mutual\\nplan, as the name implies. The present number of\\nmembers is about fifteen hundred, and the amount of\\nproperty at risk is valued at $2,500,000. The present\\nBoard of Officers and Directors is as follows Presi-\\ndent, John Cady Treasurer, Enoch Jessup Secre-\\ntary, Cyrus Tuthill Directors, Jerome Wood, James\\nH. Hitchcox, Lafayette Atwood, Milton J. Gard,\\nJohn A. Reynolds.\\nCHAPTER XXII.\\nSTATISTICS.\\nPopulation by Tovvnsliips, 1837 to 1K80\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Vote on the Constitutions and\\nfor Presirtents\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gubernatorial Vote of isso, by Tovvnsliips\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Valua-\\ntion\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Productions.\\nPOPULATION.\\nThe population of Cass County was, in 1830, 919\\nin 1834, 3,280; in 1837, 5,296; in 1840, 5,710;\\nin 1845, 8,073; in 1850, 10,907; in 1854, 12,411;\\nin 1860, 17,721 in 1864, 17,066 in 1870, 21,096\\nin 1874, 20,525; in 1880, 22,008.\\nThe following table presents the statistics of popula-\\ntion of Cass County, by townships, as taken at nine State\\nand National censuses, from 1837 to 1880, inclusive.\\nThe wide variations between the population given in\\ncertain townships at periods four or six years apart,\\nis occasioned by the inclusion of village population\\nin the statement for some years, and exclusion from\\nother statements. Other variations are attributable\\nto changes in boundary of townships. Thus Ontwa\\nappears to have had in 1837 1,012 residents, while in\\n1840 it contained but 543. Milton, however, which\\nwas a part of Ontwa in 1837, was made an indepen-\\ndent township prior to 1840, and by the census of\\nthat year is shown to have had a population of 439\\nCalvin\\nHoward\\n.JeflFerson\\nLa Grange\\nMarcellus...\\nMason\\nMilton\\nNewber^j....\\nOntwa\\nPenn\\nPokagon\\nPorler\\nSilver Creek\\nVolinia\\nWayne\\nTotals\\n6241\\n7661\\n8871\\n04r:\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2222\\n611\\n629\\n698\\n994\\n1259\\n491\\n607\\n682\\ni29Bi.- 710 10907 12411\\n1860\\n1864\\n1870\\n1874\\n1375\\n1485\\n1788\\n1627\\n1139\\n110^\\n1171\\n96f\\n1071\\n1112\\n1047\\n106S\\n1702\\n1761\\n1884\\n18H\\n753\\nK.^\\n1255\\n1652\\n768\\n719\\n809\\n851\\n575\\n62?\\n594\\n532\\n861\\n862\\n1314\\n1285\\n879\\n821\\n995\\n929\\n1303\\n1148\\n1421\\n146^\\n124 J\\n1624\\n1386\\n1941\\n1832\\n16i4\\n1933\\n1915\\nJ 102\\n1836\\n11.52\\n1709\\n99H\\n1137\\n1414\\n1446\\n938\\n1019\\n999\\n1431\\nI77-- 1\\n17666\\n21096\\n20525\\n1693\\n974\\n1014\\n2032\\n1829\\n889\\n535\\n1539\\n1145\\n1527\\n1323", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "|S}-nw^ ,,f\\nYjew or GassopoXxK^\\nFHOJVI THE ;^OtJTI-T KlDJC OF PONK li7 \\\\KE,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN\\n153\\no S a\\n03 3\\n5 II\\n2 s\\nI!\\na 2\\n1\u00e2\u0080\u009e^\\ni\\n1\\nj\\n1\\n^N\\nH\\nMM\\ni\\ni\\nW\\nsi^iiiigi^nM^\\nHi\\nw\\nHliiHi^i\\nmm\\nii\\n^55\\nifis^::T:.\\n^H\\ni\\n1\\niiiii^siiiiiiii\\nt\\n5\\nall\\ni\\n1749\\n2071\\n232.\\n2538\\n2159\\n1579\\n1145\\n1711\\n736\\n3752\\n1927\\n5866\\n2689\\ni\\n1\\nr\\ni\\n1\\n1\\n5\\nmmmpmm\\n1\\n1\\ni\\nrifps\\niisissiii\\ni\\nIPII\\n1\\n5\\niliiil^i^iiiSgi\\n3\\nII\\n1\\n1\\nl35l3ii|S5iii|g\\n3\\ni\\n1\\ni\\nisSglS5i\u00c2\u00bbHiSis\\ns\\nN\\n1\\niilliilPliiiil\\ni\\n1\\n1\\nigiiggiiiigiSii\\nif\\ni\\n16261\\n6726\\n8003\\n7053\\n3944\\n5970\\n7406\\n3376\\n9394\\n14669\\ni\\nflifsfifsiffgsg\\n1\\n1\\ni\\ni\\n1\\ns\\n1\\n1\\nS|S|S||g.S|S|||\\nj\\nSS|g2gS|SS||S|5\\ns\\n1\\ni\\n1\\n1\\n1\\niSiiilliSisiip\\n1\\n1\\nH\\n97404\\n73410\\n113766\\n164778\\n65279\\n79328\\n88215\\n74783\\n46650\\n108180\\n98616\\n116196\\n126356\\ni\\n1\\nmm\\nmm\\nmMim\\n1\\n1\\nill i\\n55=\\niiiiiiiii\\n1\\ns\\n1\\ni\\niiiiiiiiiiiiii\\n1\\ni\\nmMmmmm\\nS\\ni\\ni\\nIf J\\nmmmmmm\\n4\\ni\\n11160\\n1U91\\n12963\\n13293\\n10667\\n9140\\n8986\\n9982\\n8201\\n129^9\\n11207\\n19009\\n9723\\n13683\\n12278\\n5\\ni\\n1\\n1\\ni\\nii\\nii\\ni,\\nii\\ni\\nThe following exhibits the population of ten of the\\nprincipal villages of the county in 1850, 1860, 1870\\nand 1880:\\nVILLAGES.\\n1850\\n1860\\n1870\\n1880\\nCassopolis\\n379\\ni isi\\n241\\n122\\n129\\n104\\n728\\nl J32\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0297\\n228\\n184\\n104\\n912\\n2102\\n643\\nMarcellus\\n252\\n448\\n240\\nNewberg\\n118\\nGUBERNATORIAL VOTE OF 1880 BY TOWNSHIPS.\\nTOWNSHIPS.\\nPavid Jerome,\\nRepublican.\\nFred. M. Hol-\\nloway, Pem-\\nocrat.\\nDavid Wood-\\nTotal.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Sbl\\n255\\n92\\n111\\n230\\n212\\n-4\\n71\\n173\\n130\\n209\\n146\\n307\\n120\\n2\u00c2\u00ab2\\n128\\n54\\n228\\n143\\n1.58\\n288\\n152\\n142\\n69\\nl.SO\\n1.54\\n145\\n1.53\\n160\\n73\\n87\\n80\\n1\\n2\\n17\\n129\\n5\\n1\\n64\\n12\\n10\\n7\\n61\\n30\\n24\\nDowagiac City\\nHoward\\n496\\n237\\nLa Grange\\n.Marcllus\\n535\\n494\\nMilton\\n141\\nPorter\\n474\\nSilver Creek\\n244\\nWftvne\\n232\\nTotal\\n2841\\n2216\\n396\\n5458\\nIsaac McKeever. Prohibitionist, received four i\\n1 Calvin Township.\\nVOTES CAST FROM ISS-*) TO 1880.\\nThe following exhibits the number of votes cast in\\nthe county for and against the constitutions, and the\\nvotes cast by each party in Presidential elections\\nVOTE ON THE CONSTITUTIONS.\\n1835\u00e2\u0080\u0094 (November) Yes, 345 No, 20.\\n1850\u00e2\u0080\u0094 (November) Yes, 1,069 No, 323.\\n1867\u00e2\u0080\u0094 (Voted upon in April, 1868), Yes, 1,190\\nNo, 2,371.\\n1873\u00e2\u0080\u0094 (Submitted, November, 1874), Yes, 713;\\nNo, 2,697.\\nPRESIDENTIAL.\\n1840\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Harrison, Whig, 670; Van Buren, Demo-\\ncrat, 527.\\n1844\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Clay, Whig, 760 Polk, Democrat, 715.\\n1848\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Taylor, Whig, 783 Cass, Democrat, 901\\nVan Buren, F. S., 191.\\n1852\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Scott, Whig, 988 Pierce, Democrat, 984\\nHall, F. S., 95.\\n1856 Fremont, Republican, 1,703 Buchanan,\\nDemocrat, 1,165.\\n1860 Lincoln, Republican, 2,065 Douglas, Dem-\\nocrat, 1,624.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "154\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\niy64 Liucoln, Republican, i,7t55 McUlelian,\\nDemocrat, 1,435.\\n1868\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Grant, Republican, 2,471 Seymour, Dem-\\nocrat, 1,926.\\n1872\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Grant, Republican, 2,432; Greeley. D. and\\nL., 1,830; O Connor, Democrat. 24; Black, Prohi-\\nbition, 2.\\n1876 Hayes. Republican, 2,750 Tilden, Demo-\\ncrat, 2,336 Cooper, G. B., 173; Smith, Prohibition,\\n1880 Garfield, Republican, 2,859; Hancock,\\nDemocrat, 2,180 Weaver, G. B., 415 Dow, Pro-\\nhibition,\\nVALUATION.\\nThe following table exhibits the valuation of real\\nand personal property, as assessed and as equalized,\\nfor the year 1881*:\\nTOWNSHIPS AND\\nCITY OF DO-\\nWAGIAC.\\nsi\\nIII\\nf\\nL\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J\\nIf!\\n11!\\nMarcellue\\nNewberf-\\nPorter\\nVolinis\\nPenn\\nCalvin\\nMason\\nLa Graiige I\\nJffferson\\n2(1835\\n:;it-U\\n21283\\n21792\\n12630\\n20571\\n21984\\n22497\\n13458\\n1920\\nS582r,2n\\nli\u00c2\u00bb557tl\\nU9020O\\n736600\\n6S7026\\n6(]()040\\n904790\\n639755\\n470825\\n6125101\\n8\u00c2\u00ab42i\\n2363c\\n29866\\n23675\\n13410\\nfiS94 3\\n1213830\\n766365\\n740460\\n947120\\n713290\\n487800\\n499100\\nOJUIJU\\n1115557\\n316170\\n113645\\n136660\\n79550\\n162880\\n66710\\n320900\\nS7on;.,\u00c2\u00ab\\n1530000\\n880000\\n800000\\n140410\\n735:i5\\n16975\\nPokngon\\n1100000\\n7801100\\nMilt.m\\nDowaKiac\\n570000\\n820000\\nToUU\\n311M9\\nS11475340;j686933\\n$74636\\n$12097738\\n82192262\\n814280000\\nCHAPTER XXII 1.\\nCASSOPOLIS.\\nFounding of the Village\u00e2\u0080\u0094 County Seat Contest\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Souvenir\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Letter\\nfrom Alexander H. RedUeld\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Death, Biith and Marriage\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nCassopolis as it Appeared in 1835\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Campaign of 1840\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Joli\\nWrighfs Prediction\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Only General Militia Muster\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Little-\\njolin s Temperance Revival of 1845\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Corporation History\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Roster\\nof Village Ofiieials\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Public Squaie Case\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mercantile and\\nManufacturiug Matters\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Banking\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hotels\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Post Office\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious\\nHistory- Public Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cemetery-Societies.\\nFOUNDING OF THE VILLAGE.\\nIN 1830, Abram Tietsort, Jr.f (father of J5hn\\nTietsort), built a small log cabin on the east bank\\nof Stone Lake, near the spot where the bowl factory\\nnow stands, and he and his family became the pioneer\\nsettlers of Cassopolis.\\nTo this cabin, upon the bank of the lake, there came\\none day, a young man, a stranger, whom the Tietsorts\\nlearned a few days later was Elias B. Sherman.\\nHe was a lawyer by profession, but just then engaged\\nFor the T\u00c2\u00ab\\nBee Chapter XI\\nt See chai.te\\nring the early years of the e\\nin seeking profitable land investment and a location\\nin which he might settle permanently and grow up\\nwith the country. He had come from Detroit to\\nSouthwestern Michigan, in the fall of 1829, and\\nspent much time in looking over St. Joseph, Cass\\nand Berrien Counties. At first he had made a claim\\non Little Prairie Ronde (which he sold to Elijah Goble,\\nin 1830, for $65), and subsequently he had assisted\\nDr. Henry H. Fowler to procure the location of the\\ncounty seat at Geneva, the village which he had laid out\\nupon Diamond Lake. For his services in this matter\\nhe had expected to receive a village lot, but had been\\ndisappointed.\\nThere was much dissatisfaction in regard to the es-\\ntablishment of the seat of justice at Geneva, and Mr.\\nSherman was one of the many who believed that a\\nchange of location could be effected. He was more-\\nover one of those who proposed to bring about a\\nchange and to profit by it.\\nUpon the day when he was received as a caller at\\nAbram Tietsort s cabin, he had examined the south-\\neast quarter of Section 26 in La Grange Township\\n(the site of tlie villiige of Cassopolis), and had become\\nfavorably impressed with the advantages which it\\noffered. He considered the lay of the land\\nand its proximity to the geographical center of\\nthe county as the fulfillment of very necessary\\nrequisites, and resolved to enter a sufficient tract to\\ninclude the desirable village site. But how to effect\\nthis purchase with his limited means was a question\\nwhich required some thought. It was the question\\nupon which he was cogitating as he sat in the cabin\\nand as he ate supper at the simple board of his host\\nand hostess. His thoughts were given an impetus\\nduring this time by a conversation to which he was a\\nlistener. Three brothers, the Jewells, newly arrived\\nneighbors of the Tietsort family, who had put up a\\ncabin about where the Air Line Railroad depot now\\nis, dropped in to make a friendly visit, and some of\\ntheir remarks revealed the fact that they intended to\\nenter the very same piece of land which he had in\\nmind. This piece of information accelerated his\\nmovements toward the realization of the plan which\\nhad been forming itself in his mind. Mr. Sherman\\nsaid nothing of his own intentions, but as soon as he\\ncould do so started on foot for Edwardsburg. He\\nhad there a friend or an acquantance rather, for he\\nhad only met him a few days before at White Pigeon\\nwhom he decided to make his partner in the newly\\nconceived real estate project. This individual was\\nnone other than a young lawyer, named Alexander\\nH. Redfield, who was destined to take a prominent\\npart, not only in the affairs of Cassopolis and of the\\ncounty but in those of the State.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF OASS COUNTY. MICBIGAN.\\n155\\nMr. Redfielii warmly approved the plan which Mr.\\nSherman detailed to him. He was unable, however,\\nto furnish one-half of the cash capital which this\\nspeculation in land must absorb. The total amount of\\nmoney needed to make the purchase or entry at the\\nWhite Pigeon Land Office, was $100. Sherman had\\n$50 Redfield only $40. There was a way out\\nof this difficulty, however. Redfield gave Sher-\\nman a letter to a friend of his at White Pigeon,\\nrequesting a loan of $10, and the latter with this\\ndocument in his pocket, set out on foot for the land\\noffice. The night was dark and cold, and rain was\\nfalling. When he reached George Meacham s cabin,\\nhe was tired and chilled, but borrowing a horse he\\ncontinued upon his way, following the Chicago trail.\\nSomewhere in Porter Township he sought rest and\\nshelter from the storm in a deserted cabin. At day-\\ndawn he remounted his horse, soon crossed the St.\\nJoseph River at Mottville, and while it was still early\\nmorning, rode into White Pigeon, seven miles be-\\nyond. The loan was obtained of Mr. Redfield s\\nfriend, the coveted eighty acres of land duly entered,\\nthe money paid and Mr. Sherman now started on his\\nway back to Edwardsburg to receive the congratula-\\ntions of his partner.\\nHe had been none too diligent or expeditious in\\nattending to his business for he had proceeded but\\na few miles from White Pigeon, when he met the\\nJewell brothers bound upon the same errand which\\nhe had just accomplished.\\nMessrs. Sherman and Redfield now associated with\\nthemselves, the owners of the land adjoining the\\neighty acres which they had entered. The parties\\nwere Abram Tietsort, Jr., who added forty acres in\\nSection 35, Col. Oliver Johnson, who added twenty\\nfrom his lands in Section 25, and Ephraim McLeary,\\nwho added a similar amount from land which he had\\nentered in Section 36.\\nAn active fight was now begun for the county seat.\\nThere were many persons who were dissatisfied with\\nthe location of the seat of justice at Geneva, and they\\nurged the Legislative Council of the Territory to an-\\nnul the action of the Commissioners, and appoint a\\nnew Board of Commissioners, to whom authority\\nshould be given to make another location. Gross ir-\\nregularity in the proceedings of the Commissioners\\ninvalidated their decision. It was notorious that they\\nhad planned to profit unduly by their own official\\naction, and that they had withheld from the public\\ninformation concerning the locality they had decided\\nupon for the seat of justice, until they had themselves\\nentered at the land office adjoining tracts. This fact,\\nas attested in petitions, very numerously signed, was\\ndoubtless the chief cause of the reconsideration of the\\nCommissioners proceedings, under authority of the\\nCouncil the death of Geneva and the birth of Cass-\\nopolis.\\nUpon March 4, 1831, the Council passed an act*\\nproviding for the relocation of the seats of justice of\\nCass, Branch and St. Joseph Counties, and authoriz-\\ning the appointment of a new Commission.\\nThomas Rowland, Henry Disbrow and George A.\\nO Keefe were appointed Commissioners.\\nVarious parties now prepared to exhibit the advan-\\ntages which tiieir lands offered for the location of the\\nseat of justice, but when the Commissioners arrived,\\nthe only claims they had to consider were those made\\nby the persons interested in Geneva, and the proprie-\\ntors of Cassopolis.\\nMessrs. Sherman and Redfield and their associates\\nin the mean time had their land carefully surveyed,\\nand a town platted which they called Cassapolis.\\nThree of the streets were named in honor of the Com-\\nmissioners, and doubtless some other influences equally\\nsubtle were brought to bear upon those worthies to\\nmake them see the surpassing fitness of Cassopolis as\\nthe county seat. At any rate, the Commissioners de-\\ncided in their favor, and, upon the 19th of December,\\n1831, Cassopolis was formally proclaimedf by the\\nGovernor as the seat of justice of Cass County.\\nOne of the conditions on which the seat of justice\\nwas heated at Cassopolis, was the donation to the\\ncounty of one-half of all the lands in the village plat.\\nThe lots donated were disposed of afterward by agents\\nappointe l by the Supervisors.\\nUpon the 19th of November, 1831, the platj was\\nrecorded by the proprietors E. B. Sherman, A. H.\\nRedfield, Ephraim McLeary, Abram Tietsort, Jr., and\\nOliver Johnson (by his agent Mr. Sherman). The\\nacknowledgment was made before William R. Wright,\\nJustice of the Peace.\\nIn recent years the village has been enlarged by\\nseveral additions. The first was made by Henry\\nBloodgood, May 25, 1869. E. B. Sherman and\\nSamuel Graham made additions, respectively, upon the\\n*See synopsis of the a\\nter XI.\\ntThe proclmiiittii.ii in\\n^Following l8 II il- r\\nliigapart of Socii..nH\\nfrom which r-ngea nr- iii\\ntil other streetrt ht four\\nlic square i\\nr bearing upon this subject in Chap-\\njN iihi .li; Slatf street is made a base line, from\\nii li Hill] south; Broadway Is made a meridian,\\n.1..I .lust and west. They are both six rods wide;\\nepttiig Lake street which Is two rods wide The\\nMity-six ro IS, designed for buildings for public uses,\\nrhe Ids are five rods by eight, i-xceptlng Lots No. 7 and 14. in Ranges 2 W(\u00c2\u00abt\\nand 2, :t and 4 e;i8t, which are eight rods by nine. The same In Blocks 1 east\\nand 1 west are nine by eight and one-eighth. Nns. 4, 6, 6, 7, 8, U, II, 12, U and\\n14, ill Blocks No. 1 niirtb and south, lUng ^s I east and west, are four by eight.\\nNils. 1 anil :t in same blocks and ranges are three by ten. Nos. 2 are three and\\nthre i)uart4 rs by ten. Nos. I. 2, 3 and 4, in Blocks I north and south. Ranges 2\\nwest and 2, :i and 4 east, are four h, ten Irregular lots adjoining the lake are\\nof variiiiis \u00c2\u00bbi/.e\u00c2\u00bb. The whole plat is I19 by 1\u00c2\u00bb1 rods.\\nliliirkH No. 7, i:i and U, in Range 2 west\u00e2\u0080\u0094 7 and 14, in Ranges I west and\\neasl. HI... k J north the whole of Block 2 north, Hange 2 east Noe. 6, 7, 8, 9.\\n10 II, 12. I.I, 14, 15 and IG In Block 1 north. Range 2 east Nos 2,3,4,Gand6\\nin lil.ick 3 south 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, In Blocks 2 and 3 south, and S, 0, 7,8, 9,\\n10, II, 12, l:t, 14, 1. and 111, In Rlick I, south of Range2 east; Nos. 7 and 14, in\\nRange 3 east; 7, II, 12, 13 anil 14, Block 2 north. Range 4 east; Blocks 2 and 3\\nsouth. III Range 4 east, an- donated to the county, to be disposed of by their", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "156\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nocli and 9t,li of Decumber, 1 70, siuJ S. F. AnJeisoa\\nlaid out the villa of Andersonville upon lands adjoin-\\ning the town plat, August 20, 1871.\\nA SOUVENIR.\\nAn interesting memento of the founding of Cassop-\\nolis was received by the corporation officers in 1868,\\nand is carefully preserved. The relic is a cane made\\nfrom a pole cut on the site of the village in 1831, by\\nAlexander H. Redfield, and used by him and Mr.\\nSherman in measuring distances. Following is the\\ninteresting explanatory letter from Mr. Redfield\\nwhich accompanied the gift.\\nIn Sepiemher or (Ictoher, 1831, Elias B. Sherman, Esq of\\nCassopolis. and I, came on foot from Edwardsburg to the site of\\nCassopolis, and slopped at ihe house of Abram Tietsort, Jr.,\\nsitualed on the bank of ihe lake. We wished to determine whether\\nit was not a good place for the county seat. We htood upon the\\nbeautiful elevation, now the public square, and desired to know\\nthe distance from the ceuter of the hill to ihe first section corner\\neast. With my pocket knife 1 cut a hickory pole and with my\\nhands, measured off, as near as I could, one rod, and with that\\npole we measured up from the section corner west to the center\\nof the hill, and found the distance to be forty rods. We then j\\nplanted the pole in the ground at or near the present center of\\nthe public square. The Commissioners, Me: srs. Rowland, I)is-\\nhrow and OKeefe, appointed by the Territorial Legislature, soon\\nafter established the county seat at the point selected by us. The\\npole stood where we had planted it till the village plat was sur-\\nveyed and marked, and clearing and building began. Passing\\none day across the public square I found that a brush heap\\nhad been burned near where the pole stood and that the\\nwhole of it had been burned except a small piece from which this\\ncane has been made. I have cvrefuUy preserved the st:ck thirty-\\nseven years, as a memorial of early times and ol I friends and as o-\\nciations, and now respectfully request the corporation of Cassop-\\nolis to accept this cane with my warmest wishes that the beauti-\\nful village, in the founding of which and the building up I took\\nan humble but eirnest part during seventeen years in which it\\nwas my home, may be blessed and prosperous, and its citizens\\nhappy. A. H. Redfield.\\nDated Detroit, October 24, 1868.\\nINITIAL EVENTS.\\nWhen the plat of Cassopolis was recorded there\\nwas not within its bounds a single dwelling house,\\nbut very soon there appeared tangible tokens of the\\nvillage that was to be. Ira B. Henderson erected a\\nlog cabin on the ground in front of which Mcllvain,\\nPhelps Kingsbury s store now stands John\\nParker put up a hewed log house on Lot 5, Block 1\\nsouth, Range 1 west, and in the spring of 1832\\nMessrs. Sherman and Redfield put up a large, frame\\nhouse on the northwest side of the public square\\nwhich is still standing and the oldest house in Casso-\\npolis.\\nThe cabin of Abram Tietsort, Jr., was not included\\nin the original limits of the village, but its site is\\ninside of the present boundaries. Julia Ann Tiet-\\nort (now Mrs. Gates, of Orleans County, N. Y.)\\nwas born there July 3, 1830, and was the first\\nwhite child which had its nativity in Cassopolis.\\nThe first death was that of Jason R. Coates, and\\noccurred August 7, 1832. He was killed by being\\ndashed against the limb of a tree by a spirited saddle\\nhorse which became unmanageable and ran away with\\nhim. The funeral was attended from Henderson s\\ntavern, and the remains were interred where they now\\nrest in the cemetery. A portion of the ground in\\nthe burial-place was set apart at that lime by Mr.\\nSherman.\\nUpon January 1, 1833, was celebrated the first\\nwedding, the parlies to which were Elias B. Sherman,\\nand Sarah, daughter of Jacob Silver. Mr. Sherman\\nhad arrived at the realization of the great truth\\nthat is not good for man to be alone, and, having\\ninduced Miss Silver to believe that it was not alto-\\ngether good for woman to be alone, they set the day\\nfor the happy event which should make them one.\\nThere was no minister in Cassopolis at that time, and\\nnone in the immediate vicinity. Miss Silver s\\nespecial choice was to have the marriage ceremony\\nperformed by an Episcopalian, and learning that\\nBishop Philander Chase had just located at Gilead,\\nabout sixty or seventy miles east of Cassopolis, Mr.\\nSherman was sent out to secure, if possible, his serv-\\nices. Early one morning, mounting a trusty horse,\\nhe set out upon his journey and at nightfall arrived\\nat the Bishop s cabin. He was successful in his mis-\\nsion and upon the following morning started upon his\\nreturn trip. Miss Silver was delighted with the idea\\nof being married by a Bishop, and elaborate prepara-\\ntions were made for the ceremony. The morning of\\nthe 1st of January dawned auspiciously. The\\nsun shone brightly and the weather was as mild as\\nMay. The Bishop was on hand according to agree-\\nment, the people of the little hamlet and of the sur-\\nrounding country were filled with pleasurable excite-\\nment and all went merry as a marriage bell. The\\nguests assembled in the second story of the building\\nin which Jacob Silver sold goads since known as\\nthe old red store. The large room had been espe-\\ncially prepared for the occasion and made as pleasant\\nas was possible. The weather was so balmy and\\nwarm that the windows and doors were left open.\\nSpring-like breezes floated through the apartment,\\nand wild flowers picked in the morning upon Young s\\nprairie brightened the costumes of some of the maids\\nand matrons who were present. Benjamin F. Silver\\nand Charlotte Hastings acted respectively as grooms-\\nman and bridesraiiid. Not all of the names of those\\npresent can be remembered, but among the guests at\\nthis first social gathering in Cassopolis were Alexan-\\nder H. Reilfield. Dr. Henry H. Fowler, Benjamin F.\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "^7)- L.cy^^ y^i^c^^^^", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSilver. Ira B. Henderson, John Parker, Honley C.\\nLybrook, David Brady, George Jones, Peter and\\nDavid Shaffer, Robert Wilson, the Mcintosh and\\nShields families, Joel Wright, Isaac Shurte, Eli P.\\nBonnell, Job Davis and Abraham Townsend. Almost\\nall of these were accompanied by their wives and\\nfamilies and the company was, considering the time,\\na very large one. The pair joined in wedlock upon\\nthat bright, balmy New Year s Day are still living\\nand surrounded with a circle of warm friends who\\nhope to see them celebrate tlieir golden wedding and\\nmany succeeding anniversaries of their marriage.\\nCASSOPOLIS IN 1835.\\nThe infant Oassopolis attained the age of four years\\nin 1835. A few. a very few, gray-bearded men, look-\\ning through the picture galleries of their memory, can\\nfind a more or less faded representation of the seat of\\njustice of Cass County as it appeared forty-six years\\nago; but scrutinize the picture closely as he will, no\\none of them can detect suggestions or promise of the\\nbeautiful and thriving village of to-day.\\nThere was a little clearing in the wooils, which con.\\ntained a straggling group of perhaps a dozen houses\\nand log cabins. Through the forest surrounding this\\nsmall, new d)t of civilization, here and there paths or\\ntrails wound away t )ward other settlemunts. There was\\none e.Ktending to the southward to Edwardsburg, not\\nwhere the present road is, but over the hdl by Mrs.\\nAnderson s residence. Another led across the ground\\nnow used as a burial-place, and northwesterly to La-\\nGrange Prairie, from whence it bore southward to\\nPokagon. Nearly all the travel between the latter\\nsettlement and Cassopolis was by this round. ibout\\nroute. Bearing off from the La Grange Prairie road\\nto the nortiiward, was a trail to Whitinanville. Ex-\\ntending eastward from the little hamlet there was a\\npath by way of Diamoml Lake to Young s Prairie,\\nand beyond, and branching from it there was one\\nwhich led down to Mottville. The road to Niles in\\nthose days led through the woods on the high ground\\nwest of Stone Lake, where it may still be traced, and\\nforms indeed a beautiful woodland path.\\nTravelers (and there were many of them going about\\nthe country looking for land locitions in the time of\\nwhich we write), riding into Cassopolis on any one of\\nthe winding trails above mentioned, drew up at the\\ntavern kept by Eber Root. This was a framed build-\\ning, anil stood on the ground now occupied by the\\nCass House. Its exterior was not particularly allur-\\ning in appearance, but within was a genial landlord\\nand good cheer. The wayfarer and the stranger, if\\nthe season were winter, could warm himself before a\\ncrackling wood fire in the bar-room, and supplement\\nthe external comfort by internal, through the agency\\nof the honest whisky which Root sold for three cents\\na glass. One barrel and a few bottles usually con-\\ntained the whole of the liquid stock in trade, but the\\nsingle barrel was very frequently replenished from the\\nSilver s distillery down by the lake. Whisky was\\nalmost universally drank in those days, and Root sel-\\ndom kept any other form of spirits. When court sat,\\nhowever, there was demand for beverages either milder\\nor more aristocratic, and wines and brandies were im-\\nported for the occasion. The bar-room of the tavern,\\nhowever, was not suppi)rted entirely by the patronage\\nof the traveling people. The distillery was a home\\ninstitution, and at that time about the only manufact-\\nuring establishment in Cassopolis, and the drouthy\\nneebors of the village gave it a hearty support, even\\ngoing so far as to sit up nights and dispose of its pro-\\nducts, and that, too, very often, after devoting the\\nentire day to the same work.\\nIf the stranger who visited Cassopolis in 1835\\ndesired the services of a lawyer, he found Alexander\\nH. Redfield, who was boarding at the tavern, or Elias\\nB. Sherman, who lived in the frame house which still\\nstands on its original site, back of the county offices,\\nand is now owned by Mrs. Caroline Bisbee. This\\nhouse was built by Mr. Sherman for a hotel, but at\\nthe time of which we write, it was a private dwelling\\nhouse, occupied by M.r. Sherman and Uncle Jake\\nSilver.\\nRivaling in importance, as a social center, the tav-\\nern, there was Silver s store, the old red store,\\nwhich stood where is now the ware room occupied\\nwith a portion of French s hardware stock. Here\\nthe Silvers dispensed goods in small quantities and\\ngreat variety, to the few people of the village, and the\\nlarger number who dwelt in the region round about,\\nand here lawyer Redfield kept the post office.\\nUpan the lot back of the present place of business\\nof Mcllvain, Phelps Kingsbury, stood a little log\\nbuilding, originally built by Ira B. Henderson, for a\\nhotel, in one end of which the village smithy had his\\nforge, while the other end was occupied by a family.\\nNot far away from this building, on the lot now\\nbest described as south of the Lindsey plaaing-mill,\\nwas a small log building, with a big, formidable lock\\nupon its door, tiio county jail, which is elsewhere de-\\nscribed.\\nBesides these buihlings, Cassopolis contained, in\\n18-35. a half dozen others, or, to be exact, seven.\\nThere was, to begin the enumeration, the distillery,\\nto which allusion has been made a little house where\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2loel Cowgill now lives, in which resided Catherine\\nKimmerle, a widow one in which David Ro )t and\\nhis mother lived the house just west of Lindsey s", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "158\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nplaning-raill, now owned by James Boyd a story and\\na half frame house where Myers store is; the small\\nstructure still standing east of Joseph Graham s resi-\\ndence and down near the lake, a one story log\\ncabin, in which dwelt Deaf Dick and Aunt\\nPeggy, both of whom were deaf and dumb.\\nThe village looked very new and crude, stumps ap-\\npeared in all directions, and the huge trunks of trees\\nthat had been chopped down still lay prostrate on the\\nground along what is now Broadway, between Root s\\ntavern and the Silvers store. Where Joseph Harper\\nnow lives was a little vegetable garden, cultivated by\\nEber Root. North of this point, the street was not\\ncut through the timber, and, in fact, it bore little\\nsemblance to a street south of it, in the very center of\\nthe village, owing to the presence of the logs and\\nbrush, and the litter of the woodman s ax. Little\\nbrown paths, worn through the grass into the sandy\\nsoil, led hither and thither across the clearing, the\\ncenters of their convergence being the tavern and the\\nstore.\\nJust beyond the village limits, upon the bank of\\nthe lake, between the sites of the foundry and bowl\\nfactory, was the cabin of Abram Tietsort, Jr., and not\\nfar away was a log building in which he worked at\\nhis trade, cabinet making. Besides the rude but sub-\\nstantial articles of furniture, for which there was a\\ndemand among the pioneers, the solitary workman in\\nthe log cabin made occasionally a plain and simple\\ncoffin, for death had come already to the infant village,\\nand there were four graves in the little burying-ground\\nin 1835. I\\nSOME LOCAL INCIDENTS OF THE HARRISON CAMPAIGN.\\nOh! there never was a campaign like that, and\\nthere never will be another, never exclaims one\\nwho hurrahed for Harrison in 1840, and his face\\ngrows animated as he recalls the humors of the great\\npartisan contest, and, perhaps, fancies that he hears\\nthe faint reverberations of all those thunders of ap- I\\nplause and ringing cheers that so long ago made the i\\nwoods echo. In 1840, the West rose up in its might\\nto honor him to whom honor was due, the hero of\\nTippecanoe, and of the Thames, and soon the wave of i\\nenthusiasm inundated the whole land.\\nIt was a great campaign indeed, that of 1840, re-\\nmarkable alike for the heat of its partisanship and\\nthe quaint and humorous forms in which the super-\\nabundant zeal of the people was expressed. It was\\ninteresting as being the first shurj) political contest in\\nthe West, [n character as well as time, it was the\\ncampaign of the pioneers. Their enthusiasm was due\\nmore to the fact that William Henry Harrison was a\\nhigh type of their own class than a successful General\\nin tlTe war of 1812, although his military achievements\\nhad first brought him into prominence, and nearly all\\nof the electioneering devices used in the Western\\n.States were of such nature as to keep before them the\\nidea that the Whig candidate was one of them. Hence,\\nthe log cabin with the latch-string out, the barrel\\nof hard cider and the coon skin were in constant use,\\nand were painted on the banners under which Harri-\\nson s forces marched on to victory.\\nThe asperities of the campaign have been softened\\nby the flowing away of forty years, the bitter asper-\\nsions have been forgiven or forgotten, and the old\\nmen who shouted for Tippecanoe and Tyler, too,\\nlooking back upon the whole affair, regard it at a dis-\\ntance rather as a prolonged season of uproarious\\nmerry-making than as the bitter political contest it\\nreally was.\\nOne of the local incidents of the campaian of 1840,\\nis well worth recording in the history of Cassopolis.\\nWe refer to the great mass meeting the first political\\nassemblage of any consequence in the county and\\nthe largest of any kind, excepting only the meetings\\nof the past few years. We have secured the account\\nfrom an Old-Line Whig (the memory of the Whigs\\nbeing, it is thought, just a trifle more accurate con-\\ncerning the aifairs of 1840 than that of their op-\\nponents).\\nA brief digression to touch upon the great mass\\nmeeting held at Tippecanoe, Ind., will not be out\\nof place, as it was from the big fire which burne l on\\nthe old battle ground, that the most earnest Whigs\\nof Cass County, in common with those of Southern\\nMichigan, brought the brands to light their home\\nbonfires for the purpose of warming their colder\\nbrethren. The convention was held on the 29th of\\nMay, 1840. A sufficient number of men went from\\nCass County to employ six teams in their transporta-\\ntion. They were gone about a week, took provisions\\nwith them and encampeii nights along the way as the\\npioneers did when they came into the country.\\nFrom Cassopolis and its immediate vicinity, those\\nin attendance were Joseph Harper, Cornelius V.\\nTietsort, Abram Loux and William H. Brice, and\\nfrom Young s Prairie, Big Bill Jones, George\\nJones (father of the present Sheriff) and Ephraini\\narrd Samuel Alexander. They heard some very able\\nand eloquent speeches made by Henry S. Lane (mem-\\nber of Congress and afterward Governor of Indiana),\\nJames lirooks., of New York, and others saw an im-\\nmense concourse of people, a great many log cabins\\nand canoes; feasted at the big barbecue gazed on a\\ncolossal Johnny Cake, measuring about three by\\nsixteen feet, and came home even more enthusiastic\\nabout William Henry Harrison, than they had been", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n159\\nwhen they started upon their journey of more than a\\nhundred miles to attend the meeting.\\nThe memorable day of the campaign in Cass County\\nwas July 6. The morning was forbidding and the\\nday wet, but notwithstanding an immense crowd of\\npeople assembled and the rain did not seem to put a\\ndamper on tlieir ardor. They came from all parts of\\nCass and the adjoining counties and from Indiana, to\\nthe number, it is said, of 5,000, which for the time\\nwas certainly a great gathering. Inhabitants of dif-\\nferent localities and individuals of the same vied with\\neach other in getting up noticeable turnouts and big\\nteams. Several log cabins, one of them quite large\\nami very nicely made, were brought in from the coun-\\ntry, and there were a plentiful supply of canoes and\\nthe various other emblems of the party. The big cabin\\nwas hauled in by a team of five horses, Jonathan\\nGard riding upon the nigh wheel-horse. From the\\ncabin door dangled a conspicuous latch string, and\\nCol. James Newton, of Volinia (a member of Michi-\\ngan s First Constitutional Convention), rode on top of\\nthe cabin, astride of the ridge-pole, holding in his\\nembrace a fine fat coon. Another turnout which at-\\ntracted much attention was gotten up by E. H. Spald-\\ning and others in Whitmanville and its vicinity. It\\nconsisted of a team of twenty-six yoke of oxen, a pair\\nfor each State then in the Union, attached to a huge\\nwagon containing a very considerable portion of the\\npopulation of Whitmanville. W. G. Beckwith was\\nMarshal.\\nThe principal speaker of the day was George Daw-\\nson (for the past thirty-five years editor of the Albany\\nJournal), who held his audience for two hours and a\\nhalf with argument and wit. He spoke in the pres-\\nent court house which was then in process of con- j\\nstruction and had been roofed but not floored. The\\nspeaker occupied a stand erected for the occasion and\\nthe people in his audience stood closely crowded to-\\ngetiier on the ground inclosed by the temple of jus-\\ntice. Some disappointment was felt at the nonap- I\\npearance of Gov. Woodbridge and George C. Bates,\\nof Detroit, who had been expected, but several other\\nspeakers were present, and while Mr. Dawson was\\nholding forth to the audience in the court, they ad-\\ndressttd another in the Oak Grove, which then covered\\nthe lot now known as the Kingman property. The\\npeople dispersed at night in the best of humor and\\nfilled with a sense of conviction that they had done\\ntheir duty for the Whig cause.\\nLater in the season, a meeting was held at Edwards\\nburg, which was addressed by Jacob M. Howard, of\\nDetroit, candidate for Congress, and Joseph R. Will-\\niams, of Constantine, who was running for the State\\nSenate. The attendance was surprisingly large, but\\nthe meeting was not to be compared in point of size,\\nmerriment, enthusiasm and rude spectacular display\\nwith the Cassopolis rally.\\nThe log cabin brought into town by Jonathan Gard\\nand Col. Newton was presented to Joseph Harper, and\\nremained for a long time where it was deposited, in\\nYork street, east of Broadway. Mr. Harper, who was\\nthen Register of Deeds, had his office where Dr.\\nTompkins now resides. After the campaign was over,\\nthe cabin was moved back in the lot, and converted\\ninto a pig sty. After all of the activity of the Whigs\\nin Cass County, the great meeting and their wild en-\\nthusiasm, they gave their candidate a majority of 143\\nvotes Harrison received 670 and Van Buren 527.\\nCassopolis realized one benefit which was permanent,\\nfrom the excitement of the campaign. Joseph Harper\\nwagered a village lot with Jacob Silver on the issue\\nin Pennsylvania, and, winning, received a deed for Lot\\nNo. 8, in Block 1 north, Range 2 east, which, two\\nyears later, he gave to the district for school purposes.\\nUpon it was erected the first frame schoolhouse in\\nthe village.\\n.JOB Wright s prediction the eagle s flight.\\nWhat may be termed another incident of the cam-\\npaign of 1840 was the prediction of Harrison s early\\ndeath by Job Wright, the recluse of Diamond\\nLake Island, who, we will remark, had fought under\\nthe old General. The account here presented is from\\na sketch of Wright, by the Hon. George B. Turner.*\\nHarrison was elected by an overwhelm-\\ning majority. On the 4th of March following, the\\nWhigs of Cass County assembled at Cassopolis in great\\nforce to do honors to their chief on the day of his inau-\\nguration. Amongst the many devices to give eclat to\\nthe occasion was the letting loose, at a given time, of\\nan eagle that hail been captured a few days before. A\\nlarge crowd had gathered in front of the village tavern\\nto witness the flight of the proud bird. Just as they\\nwere about to let it go, the recluse of the Island\\ncame along the outskirts of the assembly, and was\\ntold how, in a few minutes, this eagle, emblematic of\\nour nation s power and freedom, would be released to\\nseek his mate in the rerie from which he was torn but\\na few days before.\\nNow be it known that the recluse possessed, or\\nsupposed he did, the power of divination, accruing\\nto hira by virtue of an extra thumb on the right\\nhand. He had two thumbs where ordinary mortals\\nhad but one. He could not only tell what the future\\nwould bring forth, but claimed to be able to read the\\npast with equal facility, though a century had elapsed\\nto bury it from the memory of man.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Publinbed in the Sational Democral August 21, 1873.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nAs the master of ceremonies was about to give\\nthe word which would set the eagle free, the old man,\\nin a solemn and impressive voice, was heard to say\\nSo many rods as that bird flies, so many weeks will\\nHarrison, my beloved General live, and no longer.\\nHe pulled his slouched hat over his eyes and soon\\npassed on toward his home, disregarding he taunt\\nand jeer that was flung at him by the overzealous\\nfriends of Harrison. The eagle was released. It\\nflew to a small, hickory tree, near where the Baptist\\nchurch now stands, and alighted upon one of its\\nbranches, remaining there twenty minutes or more,\\napparently bewildered by the sounds it heard and the\\nsights it saw.\\nSome boys soon came along and brought him\\ndown and gave him a prey to some dirty curs in the\\ncrowd who rended it in pieces. The distance it flew\\nwas some eight or ten rods. The student of Ameri-\\ncan history, as he compares this flight with the brief\\nweeks the General enjoyed his proud position, will\\nwonder how inspiration could prompt the old recluse\\nthus surely to name bounds for the life of our Chief\\nMagistrate.\\nA MILITIA MUSTER.\\nIn October, 1842, occurred the only general militia\\nmuster in the annals of Cass County. It was a\\npeculiarly interesting and amusing affair, in all essen-\\ntials equal to the trainings so happily and humor-\\nously described by Tom Corwin. of Ohio, in his reply\\nto Gen. Crary, of Michigan, upon the floor of the\\nHouse of Representatives.\\nThe able-bodied, white male citizens of the county,\\nbetween the ages of eighteen and forty-five, were\\nnotified to meet at Cassopolis in pursuance of a liw\\nenacted by the State Legislature in 1841. This act\\nspecified the purposes of the militia assemblage as\\ninspection, drill-service and martial exercise.\\nThese were precisely the elements of human action\\nwhich were lacking in the Cassopolis training of\\n1842. Upon the day designated for the gathering of\\nthe soldiery, nearly a thousand men assembled upon\\nthe public square to go through those military evolu-\\ntions calculated to prepare them for the trade of\\ndeath, which, by some remote possibility, they might\\nbe called upon to follow.\\nThe Colonel of the regiment was James L. Glenn\\nthe Lieutenant Colonel, Asa Kingsbury, and the\\nMajor, Joseph Smith. The latter was probably the i\\nonly oflicer who had any knowledge of the methods\\nof infantry drill or military discipline. He had served\\nin the Ohio militia in former years.\\nMaj. Smith labored lustily to educate his fellow-\\ncitizens in tho mysteries of military evolutions, but\\nfailed signally in the accomplishment of his object.\\nHe had, perhaps, the rawest raw material which ever\\nvexed a martial commander, and his failure could not\\nbe considered as casting any reproach upon his ability\\nas an oflicer The militia, privates and subaltern\\nofiicers, were attired in all imaginable fashions, and\\ntheir equipment was as varied as their clothing. Some\\ncarried rifles, some shotguns, others rake handles,\\nsticks or clubs, and not a few of them bore those\\nterribly effective bucolic weapons, the common employ-\\nment of which earned for the amateur soldiery of forty\\nyears ago the characteristic title of the Cornstalk\\nMilitia.\\nThe day was very disagreeable, the air being filled\\nwith mingled snow and rain, and the earth .saturated\\nwith water. The men, after tramping about in the\\nmud and becoming wet and cold, lost what little desire\\nfor a military education they might have had at the\\noutset, and became thoroughly demoralized. The\\nofficers could not evolve order from the chaos which\\nensued, and confusion was soon worse confounded by\\nreason of indulgence in liquor; whisky, that great\\nleveler of modern times, was here. The brave miliiia\\nmen did not literally follow the example of Tom\\nCorwin s militia, and drink it from the shells of water-\\nmelons, in imitation of the Scandinavian heroes, who\\nquaffed wine from the skulls of those whom they had\\nslain in battle, but used tin cups to convey the fiery\\nspirit to their lips. Judging from the effect produced,\\nthere were not many slips, on this occasion, between\\nthe cup and lip. A large quantity of the liquor was\\nconsumed. Barrels of it were rolled out upon the\\npublic square, and each Captain secured a pail, which\\nbeing filled with whisky, was carried up and down\\nthe lines until all of the men in each company were\\nliberally served. Afterward many helped themselves\\nfrom the barrels. Innocent hibirity, moderate banter\\nand friendly trials of strength were among the first\\nresults of their potations, but it was not long before\\nbad blood was aroused, and angry altercations took\\nthe place of harmless wrestling matches. Several\\ndisgraceful scenes followed. All idea of continuing\\nthe training was abandoned. The crowd gave itself\\nup completely to revelry, and it was continued until\\nnightfall. The debauch was general. There arc a\\nconsiderable number of individuals in Cass County,\\neach one of whom claims to have been the only sober\\nm:in in Cassopolis upon the day of the great militia\\nmuster. As a matter of fact, the labor of taking the\\ncensus of unintoxicated persons present upon that oc-\\ncasion would be very trivial.\\nTHE REMARKABLE TEMPERANCE AGITATION OF 1845.\\nOnly a few ripples of the temperance tide of 1840,\\nthe Washingtonian movement, reached Cassopolis, but", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "^^ye-\\nASA KINGSBURY.\\nThe subject of this sketch, probably the most suc-\\ncessful of the business men of Cass County, was born\\nat Newton Heights, near Boston, Mass., May 28,\\n1806. In 1830, he removed to Cleveland, Ohio,\\nwhere he was engaged for a period of about three\\nyears in the manuf:icture of glue. In 1833, he was\\ngiven an opportunity to go farther West, which he\\nembraced, after short reflection, and as his remark-\\nable success has demonstrated, very fortunately. A\\nbusiness man of Cleveland desired him to take his son,\\na wild, reckless young man, and in return for his\\ntrouble, volunteered to furnish him with whatever capital\\nhe might need for the enterprise in which he might en-\\ngage. Mr. Kingsbury chartered a schooner, and\\nloading her with about $3,000 worth of miscellaneous\\ngoods, started up the lakes, bound for any port where\\nhe could advantageously dispose of his cargo, or find\\nan opening for trade. While passing up the St.\\nClair River, Mr. Kingsbury was relieved from the\\ncare of his protege, the young man deserting the\\nvessel. Mr. Kingsbury went to Green Bay, but not\\nliking the location, sailed up the lake to St. Joseph,\\nwhere, after being long delayed from landing by rough\\nweather, and narrowly escaping shipwreck, he finally\\ndisembarked and had his goods unloaded. In pros-\\npecting for a good location for opening business, he\\nvisited Bertrand, which was then enjoying its palmiest\\ndays. Liking the appearance of the place, he had his\\ngoods brought up the river and went into business.\\nIn 1834, it became apparent to Mr. Kingsbury that\\nthe village, which had only the year before seemed so\\nprosperous, had begun to retrograde. Hence, he re-\\nmoved to Cassopolis, which was a promising hamlet.\\nHis first venture was the management of a distillery\\nand store, which he purchased of .John M. Barbour.\\nFrom that time on, Asa Kingsbury has been inti-\\nmately and extensively identified with the business\\ninterests of Cassopolis. In 1837, his brother Charles\\ncame to the village, and a general mercantile business\\nwas opened by the firm of Asa Charles Kingsbury,\\nwhich was carried on for a period of twenty years, or\\nuntil 1857. They also dealt extensively in real estate.\\nIn June, 18.55, Asa Kingsbury opened a private\\nbanking office, in which he did business until the\\nFirst National Bank was established in 1871. Of\\nthis institution, Mr. Kingsbury may be properly\\ntermed the founder. He has been its President from\\nthe time of its organization to the present. In politics,\\nMr. Kingsbury has been a Democrat. While taking a\\ncitizen s interest in political affairs, he has not been\\nan active office-seeker. He was once a candidate for\\nthe position of State Senator, and in 1842 was elected\\nCounty Treasurer. Mr. Kingsbury has been very\\nsuccessful in business, and accumulated a large property,\\nof which he has been a worthy steward. His benevo-\\nlence, never ostentatiously displayed, has been in pro-\\nportion to his ample means, and could be attested by\\nhundreds of worthy and needy men. His character\\nand ability are well known to the people among whom\\nhe has dwelt.\\nMr. Kingsbury has been three times married. His\\nfirst wife was Adaline M. Fisk, of Massachusetts.\\nThe children by this marriage were Charles H. and\\nAmanda (Mrs. J. K. Ritter). Mr. Kingsbury s\\nsecond wife was Emily, daughter of Allen Monroe.\\nAfter her decease he married Mary Jane Monroe. The\\noffspring of this marriage were Nancy E. (Hull), now\\nof Jackson, Mich., Asa, Allen M., Ruth T. (wife of\\nJames Hayden), Hattie J. (wife of Dr. Holland, of\\nEdwardsburg), George, Cyrus, Georgianna, David,\\nEmmeline, Blanche, Verna D. and Winnie May.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MTCHTCxAN.\\n161\\nin 1845, the village had a revival of peculiar character,\\nwhich was all its own an agitation which in some\\nrespects has had few if any parallels in Southwustern\\nMichigan. Its originator and conductor was Augus-\\ntus Littlejohn (a brother of the late Judge Flavius J.\\nLittlejohn). He was an independent, peripatetic, re-\\nligious exhorter, a man of very good education and of\\nfair native ability. He is sometimes described as a\\nman in whom there was a strong vein of eccentricity,\\nbut, to change the figure of speech, he seems rather to\\nhave been entirely woven of eccentricities the whole\\nwarp and woof of his nature made up of curious strands\\nof some very strange materials.\\nLittlejohn had been speaking in various localities in\\nthe southern part of the county upon the subject of\\ntemperance, and a number of the citizens of Cassopo-\\nlis thinking that he might accomplish some good in\\nthe seat of justice, prevailed upon him to visit the\\nplace in February, 1845 No church had been built\\nin Cassopolis up to that time, and the temperance re-\\nformer was granted the use of the court house.\\nHis first audience was one of fair size, and the meet-\\ning of perhaps more than ordinary interest. The\\nspeaker exhibited earnestness and eccentricity in about\\nequal proportions, and the impression produced was\\nsuch as to encourage the friends of teiirperancc that a\\nsucce.ssful revival could be carried on. Upon the\\nsecond night the audience was larger than upon the\\nfirst. The third was still greater, and the interest\\nseemed to increase in arithmetical, or perhaps geomet-\\nrical progression with the members of the meeting.\\nLittlejohn grew more fervid and vehement in his\\nstyle of oratory from night to night, and produced a\\nmarked eff ect upon his audiences. Many were in\\n(luced to sign the pledge of total abstinence. After the\\nlecturer had spoken nightly for about two weeks, such a\\nfuror was aroused that the court house was crowded\\nto its utmost capacity. Reports of the great revival,\\nand of the eccentricity of the conductor, spread through\\nthe country, and the farming population from that\\ntime onward formed a large element in the nightly\\ngatherings. .\\\\s evening approached, the streets were\\nfilled with teams and the village bore very much the\\nappearance that it now does upon fair days or when\\ngreat political meetings are held. Some attended\\nthrough friendship for the temperance cause and some\\nfrom mere curiosity. The manner and methods of\\ntiie lecturer were certainly such as to cause :i sensa-\\ntion. He usually spoke for a time from the platform,\\ndelivering a more or less argumentative address and\\ngradually working himself into a fervent heat he re\\nsorted to the style of the religious exhorter, better,\\nhowever, a generation ago than at present. He was\\na very small, spare niau, and it j^eenied at times as if\\nhe must be literally riven asunder by the force of his\\nown passion. As regards the physical man, this catas-\\ntrophe, as a matter of fact, never took place, but the\\ndemonstrations of the revivalist indicateil at least a\\nmental explosion. Leaving the platform, he would\\nwalk down the aisle, wildly gesticulating and shouting\\na frantic appeal to his auditors to sign the pledge. Oc-\\ncasionally he would suddenly cease from speaking and\\nbegin the singing of a hymn or of a temp ^rance song.\\nThe people were provided with pamphlets containing\\nthese songs, and from tlieir sale Mr. Littlejohn de-\\nrived the only revenue which rewarded his labors.\\nThe singing was conducted with much enthusiasm\\nand some eccentricity. Prayers were offered at the\\nbeginning and clo.se of each meeting and at intervals\\nduring the evening. Mr. Littlejohn s prayers were\\nnot less peculiar than his style of oratory and his\\nsinging. He was earnest even to vehemence, and had\\na way of introducing personal allusions which was\\noften anything but agreeable to the people whom he\\nmentioned.\\nWith all of his peculiarities the temperance lecturer\\nhad an honest desire to do good, to improve the con-\\ndition of his fellow-men, and lie labored to that end\\nwith a zeal which is seldo n paralleled and with much\\nability.\\nThe series of m^-etings held at Cassopolis continued\\nfor forty- two nights, and the interest of the people\\nshowed little abatement, even toward the close. The\\nexcitement was intense. Several hundred people\\nsigned the pledge and many of them faithfully kept\\nit. There was of course an clement which could not\\nbe held, but the back-sliders were, perhaps, no more\\nnumerous in proportion to the number of signers than in\\nother similarily conducted temperance revivals. Back-\\nsliding was certainly not so near a universal thing as\\nit was in the case of a certain religious revival carried\\non by the same Mr. Littlejohn once upon a time in\\nNewberg. A few months after the close of the gen-\\ntleman s season of labors in that locality, on being\\nasked how those people liehi out who had made a\\nconfession of faith and resolved to lead better lives,\\nhe said, 0, they are all going back. WeMl have to\\nconvert every blamed one of em over again next fail.\\nCORPORATK HISTORY.\\nCassopolis was incorporated in 18(5 i, under the\\nauthority of the Board of Supervisors of Ca,ss County,\\nand in accordance with the provisions of a general\\nAct to provide for the incorporation of villages\\napproved Feb. 17, 1857. The following petition,\\nsigned by a number of citizens, accompatiied liv a re-\\nport of a special census of Cassopolis, showing ihir\\npopulation to be 475 (exceeding the requirement], was", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "162\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nsubmitted to the board at its meeting of October\\nU:\\nTo the HmorahU Boird Su eri,istrs Cas^ County. Michigan\\nYonr appticiinlsand petitioners, residents in anJ legal voters of\\nthe territory hereinafter descrilieJ, would respecifcilly petition that\\nthe following described territory, of not more than one square\\nmile, he incorporated :n a village, to be known as the village of\\nCassopolis, according to the provisions of Chapter 72 of the com-\\npiled taws of Michigin and the acts amendatory thereto. Said\\nterritory to he so incorporited being kaowii and described as fol-\\nlows, to wit The southwesi quarter of Section twenty-five (2\\nthe southeast quarter of Section tweniy-^ix (2Ci). the northeast\\nquarter of Section thirty-five iiid the ,imrihwe=t quarter of\\nSection thiily-six (Slj) all in T..wnship six (11) .sou li. of Range\\nfifteen 15) west, in the county of (lass. etc.\\nViiur Tetilioners would respectfully represeni that they have\\ncaiiseil to he taken an accur iie cen-iiis of f e resident populat on\\nof said territory, above and herein efore de-cribeil and duly\\nverified by the affidavit ot Charles W. li bee. theicto annexed,\\nwhich said census contains and exhibits the name of every heail\\nof a family residing within said territory on the fourth day of Sep-\\ntember, in the yeir o oi.r Lord one thousand eig it hun Ired and\\nsixty-three and the number of jiersons then belonging to such\\nfamily therein named plaied opposite to the respective family\\nhead, and which svid census, so taken as aforesaid, in accord-\\nance with the provisions of Seitiou 2,liiil of ihe Compi ed Laws\\nof Michigan, so verified as aforesa^l. is her. i annexed, and\\nrespectfully submitted, your petitioners hivin; cau-e I the same\\ncrn-us to be taken as aforesaiil. by Ch irle W Clisbee.\\nAn 1 y.iur peiitioner^ would further repr.-sen of persons re-id-\\ning in such territory heretofore describe 1 accnnling to such cen-\\nsus is the number of four bun Ire 1 and seventy-five persons,\\nr.inl to which your petitioners nould respectliil y refer.\\nAnd your petitioners will ever pray. etc.\\nDated t AssiipoLTS, Cass County, Michigin, September 4, 18t)3.\\n.Joseph Smith.\\n.lac.ib Silver,\\nO.S. Custard.\\nl-aiah Inn.an,\\nJ. Tietsort,\\n.lohn McManus.\\nM. Graham.\\nEth.an Kely.\\nM. B. Custard,\\nDavid Histel.\\nJ. r. Osborn.\\n,lo eph Harper.\\nA. Smith,\\nThomas Stapleton\\n.lohn II. Powers.\\nL. II. Glover.\\nD. L. French.\\nBar holomew We\\nIsaac Brciwn.\\nL. wis Clisbee.\\n1 C. Allison.\\nIra Urownell.\\nBariik Mead.\\nHeniy Wal on.\\nII. K. McManus.\\n1. V. .Sherman.\\nM. B.ldwin,\\nCharl.s Hartfelte\\nM. .1. Baldwin,\\nII. 1,. King.\\nItyron Br.idley,\\nA. K. fleveland.\\nS. S. Chapma-n.\\nChaile- W. Hrott\\nE U. .Sherwood,\\nHiram Br wn.\\nCharles W. Clis .ee.\\n.lefierson Brown\\n.\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Sanfor.i Ashcr..fl.\\nPeter Snirr.\\nJ. K. Hitcr.\\nD. Blackman\\nA Garwood.\\nW. K. IMmer.\\nS. T. Head.\\nG. A F.ly,\\nGeorge W. Van Antwerp\\nDaniel li Smith.\\nL. U. Read.\\nR. M. Wilson.\\n.lames Norton.\\nS. Pl-yfor.1.\\nU. S. Jones.\\nL. I) Tompkins.\\nHenry Shaffer.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Joseph Graham.\\nB. Chapman,\\nCharles .V. Hill.\\n.lames Boyd.\\nelection of officers should be held at the court house\\non the second Monday of November (the 9th). and\\nappointed Joseph Smith, Henry Walton and Charles\\nW. Clisbee as Inspectors.\\nFollowing are the officers chosen on this occasion\\nPresident, Joseph Sraith; Trustees, Henry Wal-\\nton, Peter Sturr, Barak Mead. Charles W. Clisbee,\\nAlonzo Garwood, Charles G. Batiks Treasurer,\\nCharles H. Kingsbury; Clerk, Joseph Harper;\\nAssessors, John H. Powers, John Tietsort Street\\nCommissioners, David Histed, Sylvador T. Read,\\nIsaac Brown Marshal, William K. Palmer Fire\\nWanlens, Murray Baldwin, Joseph Graham, Lafa-\\nyette R. Reatl, Henry Shaffer, Arthur Smith.\\nBelow are given the officers who have served in\\neach of the subsequent years from 1864 to 1881\\ninclusive\\n1864 President, Joseph Smith Trustees, Daniel\\nBlackraan, Peter Sturr, Barak Mead, Charles G.\\nBanks, Charles W. Clisbee. Alonzo Garwood Treas-\\nurer. Charles H. Kingsbury Clerk. L. H. Glover\\nAssessor, Henry Walton Street Commissioner,\\nDavid Histed: Marshal. James Boyd Fire Wardens,\\nCharles W. Brown. Lafayette R. Read.\\n1866 President, Hiram Brown Trustees, Daniel\\nBlackman, Barak Mead, William W. Peck, Peter\\nSturr. Isaac Brown, S. T. Read Treasurer. Charles\\nH. Kingsbury Clerk. L. H. Glover Assessor,\\nHenry Walton Street Commissioners, John Tietsort,\\nJoseph Graham; .Marshal, Byron Bradley; Fire\\nWardens, Byron Bradley. Joseph Graham.\\n1866 President. Isaac Brown Trustees. Daniel\\nBlackman. Sylva.lor T. Read. William W. Peck. Ira\\nBrownell, Darius L. French Clerk, L. H. Glover\\nTreasurer, Charles H. Kingsbury Assessor, Daniel\\nS Jones Street Commissioners, Sylvador T. Reatl,\\nWilliam W. Peck; Marshal, James L. Norton; Fire\\nWardens, Ira Brownell, Alonzo B. Morley.\\n1867 President. Ibaac Brown Trustees, Daniel\\nBlackman, Sylva.lnr T. Read, William W. Peck,\\nElias B. Sherman, Charles H. Kingsbury, Darius L.\\nFrench; Clerk, L. H. Glover; Treasurer, Jeremiah\\nB. Chapman; Assessor, Henry Tietsort Street Com-\\ntnissioners. James Boyd. Charles G. Banks Mar-\\nshal. Daniel B. Smitlit; Fire Wtirdens, Eber Reyn-\\nolds, Henry Shaffer.\\n1868\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President. Joseph Harper; Trustees, Will-\\nI im W. Peck, .Andrew J. Smith. Eli.is B. Shermtm,\\nChristopher C. Allison. Sylvailor T. Reatl, Louis D.\\n^mith Clerk, L H. Glover Treasurer, Jeremiah\\nB. Chapman; Assessor, William L.Jakways Marshal,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Garwood resignwl and William W Perk was appointed Trustee to flit tlie\\nThe Boaril granted tlii petition, ordered that an", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nIti.i\\nJohn Shaw Street Commissioners, Charles W. Chis-\\nbee, Isaac Brown Fire Wardens, Charles G. Banks,\\nDarius L. French.\\n1869 President, Joseph Harper Trustees. C. C.\\nAllison, John Tietsort, Jordan P. Osborn. Daniel\\nBlHckman, Morris B. Custard, C. C. Nelson Clerk,\\nL. H. Glover; Treasurer, Barak Mead; Assessor,\\nAlonzo Garwood Marshal, Jsicob Mcintosh Street\\nCommissioners, David Histed. Charles Berry Fire\\nWardens, Wilson Kingman. Darius L. French.\\n1870\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President, William P. Bennett; Trustees,\\nJohn Tietsort, Morris B. Custard, Andrew Woods,\\nC. C. Nelson, Henry J. Webb, Alonzo B. Morley\\nClerk. Ellery C. Deyo Assessor, Andrew Woods\\nMarshal, Jacob Mcintosh Treasurer, Albert Magin-\\nnis Street Commissioners, Morris B. Custard, James\\nA. Fuller; Fire Wardens, Wilson Kingman, Darius\\nL. French.\\n1871 President, William P. Bennett; Trustees,\\nC. C. Nelson, Joel Cowgill. John A. Talbot. Zacheus\\nAldrich, Matthew T. Garvey Clerk. Ellery C.\\nDeyo; Treasurer, Albert Maginnis; As.sessor, Mor-\\nris B. Custard; Marshal. Daniel H.Rugar; Street\\nCommissioners, Orson Rudd, John Shaw; Fire\\nWardens, Jordan P. Osborn, Henry C. French.\\n1872\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President, L. H. Glover*; Trustees, W.\\nW. Mcllvain, Jordan P. 0.- born, Henry Shaffer^\\nAbijah Pegg, John R. Carr, William P. Bennett;\\nClerk, Eber Reynolds; Treasurer, Albert Maginnis\\nAssessor, L. H. Glover Marshal, Owen L. Allen\\nStreet Commissioners, Hiram Norton, Henry Blood-\\ngood Fire Wardens, Daniel B. Smith, Henry C.\\nFrench.\\n1873 President, John Tietsort; Trustees, Morris\\nB. Custard. William D. Reames, Marshall L. Howell.\\nW. W. Mcllvain, Jordan P. Osborn Clerk, Eber\\nReynolds Treasurer, Albert Maginnis Assessor,\\nCharles G. Banks; Marshal, Owen L. Allen; Streo^\\nCommissioners, Owen L. Allen, Zncheus Aldrich\\nFire Wardeiis, Jordan P. Osborn, William W. Peck.\\n1874 President, John Tietsort; Trustees, Orson\\nRudd, Andrew J. Smith, Jeremiah B, Chapman,\\nMorris B. Custard, William D Reames, Marshall L.\\nHowell Treasurer, William W. Peck Clerk, Wil\\nliam Jones Assessor, Joel Cowgill Marshal, Owen\\nL. Allen Street Commissioners, John Reynolds,\\nOwen L. Allen; Fire Wardens, Jordan P. Osborn,\\nSaniuel C. Van Matre.\\n1875 President, Jordan P. Osborn; Trustees.\\nWilliam D. Reames. W. W. Mcllvain, William P.\\nBennett, Orson Rudd, Andrew J. Smith, Jeremiah\\nB. Chapman; Clerk, William Jones; Assessor, D.\\nGlover resigned the office o\\nViifCUHt I J. Knd S. S. CliHimi i\\nB. Ferris; Treasurer, William W. Peck; Marshal,\\nA. B. Morley Street Commissioners, Charles G.\\nBanks, Jolin Tietsort Fire Wardens, S. C. Van\\nMatre, A. B. Morley.\\nUpon the 23d of April of this year, a special charter\\nwas obtained from the Legislature, which i now in\\nforce, and under which the administration of copora-\\ntion affairs has been considerably changed and largely\\nimproved. The corporation limits were extended, so\\nthat they now include all of the southwest quarter\\nand the south half of the northwest quarter of Section\\n25 the southeast quarter and south half of the north-\\neast quarter of Section 26 the northeast quarter and\\nnorth half of the southeast quarter of Section 35, and\\nthe northwest quarter and north half of the south-\\nwest quarter of Section 36.\\nThe officials elected in the spring of 1875, under\\nthe old corporation regulations, had only short terms\\nof service, being superseded by a new corps, chosen\\nat a special election, held May 4. Following are the\\nnames of the men elected\\nPresident, Jordan P. Osborn Trustees, W. W-.\\nMcllvain, Eber Reynolds, William D. Reames,\\nStephen Jones, S. C. Van Matre, James Boyd; Clerk,\\nWilliam Jones Treasurer, James H. Farnum\\nMarshal, Alonzo B. Morley Overseer of Streets and\\nHighways, Charles G. Banks Fire VVardens, Alonzo\\nB. Morley, Henry C. French Attorney, L. H.\\nGlover Deputy Marshal, Zacheus Aldrich.\\n1876\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President, Jordan P. Osborn; Trustees,\\nSamuel Graham, S. C. Van Matre, James Boyd, W.\\nW. Mcllvain, Eber Reynolds, William D. Reames;\\nClerk, William Jones Marshal, Avery S. Root\\nTreasurer, James H. Farnum Assessor, Daniel B.\\nFerris; Overseer of Streets, Charles G. Banks; Fire\\nWardens, Alonzo B. Morley, W. W. Peck Attorney,\\nL. H. Glover; Deputy Marshal, Zacheus Aldrich.\\n1877 President, Henry C. French Trustees,\\nAlonzo B. Morley, Abijah Pegg, W. W. Peck,\\nSamuel Graham, S. C. Van Matre, James Boyd;\\nClerk, William Jones; Marshal, Zacheus Aldrich;\\nTreasur.r, Romi W. Goucher Assessor. Daniel S.\\nJones; Overseer of Streets Charles G Banks; Fire\\nWardens, L. D. Tompkins, S. B. Thomas Attorney.\\nL. H. Glover; Deputy .Marshal. Ira J. Putnam.\\n1878 President, S. S. Chapman Trustees. Sam-\\nuel Graham. James Townsend, Joseph K. Ritter,\\nAlonzo B. Morley, Abijah Pegg, W. W. Peck Clerk.\\nThomas W. Smith; Marshal, John T. Enos Treas-\\nurer, Stephen L. George; Assessor, Daniel S.Jones;\\nOverseer of Streets, Charles G. Banks Fire Ward-\\nens, S. B Tliomas. L. D. Tompkins; Attorney. I-.\\nII. Glover; Deputy Marshals, William Emmon-.\\n.John 11. King.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\n1879\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President, H. S. Hadsell Trustees, S. S.\\nChapniiin. W. G. Watts. Henry Shaffer, Samuel\\nGraham. James Townsend, Joseph K. Ritter; Clerk,\\nWilliam Jones Treasurer, S. L. George .\\\\3sess0r,\\nDaniel S. Jones Mar ;hal, John H. Kcene Over-\\nseer of Streets, John H. Keene Fire Wardens, L.\\nB. Tompkins, S B. Thompson; Deputy Marshal,\\nHenry McCay.\\n1880 President, Kiram S. Hadsell; Trustee.\\nWilliam Davis, Thomas Stipleton. Lsaac H. Wolf, S.\\nS. Chapman, William G. Watts,* Henry Shaffer;\\nClerk, William Jones Assessor. Daniel S. Jones\\nTreasurer, Stephen L. George Marshal. John H.\\nKeene Overseer of Streets. John II. Keene Fire\\nWardens, John Tietsort and J. P. Osborn.\\n1881\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President, Henry J. Webb; Trustees.\\nHiram S. Hadsell, Darius L. French. William G.\\nWatts, William Davis, Thomas Stapleton, [saac H.\\nWolf; Clerk, Williani Jones; Treasurer, Stephen L.\\nGeorge; Assessor, C. C. Nelson: Marshal, John H.\\nKeene; Overseer of Streets, John H Keene: Fire\\nWardens, John Tietsort and J. P. Osbirn Health\\nOfficer, Dr. W. J. Kelsey.\\nIt may interest some persons to know tiiat nearly all\\nof the earliest ordinances for the government of the\\ncorporation were drawn by Charles W. Clisbee, Esq.,\\nand the larger number of the liter ones by L. H.\\nGlover, Esij.\\nTHE PUBLIC SQUARE OF CASSOPOMS.\\nThere is a somewhat remarkable chapter in a certain\\nhistory of Ireland which is entitled The Snakes of\\nIreland. and the chapter consists simply and solely\\nof the declaration, there are no snakes ui Ireland.\\nUnder the caption of the Public S(iuare of Cassopo\\nlis. it may be state^l. There is mj public square in\\nCassopolis. There was one once, however, and it\\nseems proper to show how it has come about that there\\nis none now.\\nWhen the village was platted in 18:31, the proprie-\\ntors donated a considerable number of lots to the\\ncounty, to be disposed of by their agent, and also a\\nsquare designateil as the C issopolis Public Square,\\nand declared to be designed for buihlings for public\\nuse. This square, the center of which was at the\\nintersection of Broadway an I State street, measured\\ntwenty-six by twenty rods, the greater distance being\\nthat from north to soutli. The square was for many\\nyears an open common, but eventually those portions\\nwhich were not occupieil by public buildings were\\ntaken possession of by individuals. These persons\\nthe Board of Supervisors of Cass County endeavored\\nby suit brought in the Circuit Court, March 12,\\n1879, to eject. Judge John B. Shipman decided\\nailversely to the county, ami the case was carried up\\nto the Supreme Court of the State of Michigan, and\\nheanl at the October term, 1880. Edward Bacon\\nappeare t for the plaintiffs, and Howell Carr for\\nthe defendents, viz., Charles G. Banks, John Tietsort,\\nSylvador T. Read, John L. Yost, Joseph Smith,\\nAndrew J. Smith, Stephen Harrington, Granville\\nSmith, Jeremiah B. Chapman, James H. Farnum,\\nAsa Kingsbury, Henry C. French, Darius L. French,\\nWilliam W. Mcllvain, Orlando Phelps and the\\nFirst National Bank of Cassopolis.\\nThe Supreme Court sustained the court below, the\\nopinion being delivered by Justice Cooley and so\\nemled a quite remarkable suit.\\nFrom the decision we condense in part, and in part\\nquote, the history of the Public Square of Cassopo-\\nlis.\\nIn October, 1835, the Board of Supervisors voted\\nto erect a court house on a lot designated, not the\\npublic square, and one was erected and used until\\n1841. when a new one was built. August 7, 1839,\\nthe County Commissioners of Cass County, who had\\nsucceeded to the rights and powers of the Supervisors,\\nfor the nominal consideration of $6,000 gave a deed\\nto Darius Shaw, Joseph Harper, Jacob Silver, Asa\\nKingsbury and A. H. Redfield of all that certain tract\\nor parcel of land in said village of Cassopolis, first,\\nthe public square and public grounds with their priv-\\nileges and appurtenances, for the uses and purposes\\nfor which said square and grounds were conveyed to\\nsaid county, reserving the privilege to erect a court\\nhouse on the north east quarter and, second, a large\\nnumber of other lots which had been donated to the\\ncounty. The deed was an ordinary deed of bargain\\nand sale, and contained the usual covenants. Simul-\\ntaneously, the grantees in this deed gave to the Com-\\nmissioners their bond in the penal sum of $12,000,\\nconditionetl as follows: Whereas, certain village lots\\nin said village of Cassopolis, and certain sums of money\\nwere formerly given to said county of Cass, by the\\noriginal proprietors of said village, and by others, for\\nthe purpose of erecting public buildings in said village\\nfor the use of the county, and whereas, the said Com-\\nmissioners have this day given to us a warranty deed\\nfir a certain part of said village lots and property, and\\n.ilso one onler upon the treasury of said county for the\\nsum of $2,000. Now, if we, the said Darius Shaw,\\n.Vsa Kingsbury, Jacob Silver, Joseph Harper and\\n.Vlexaiider H. Redfield, shall erect, or cause to be\\nelected in said village within two years from the date\\nhereof, on such ground as the said Commissioners shall\\nselect, a court house, 54 feet in length (etc., giving", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "CASSOPOLIS UNION SCHOOL", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nfull specifications), then this obligation to be voiil,\\notherwise to be and remain in full force and virtue.\\nThe court house was completed in accordance with\\nthis undertaking, the northeast quarter of the public\\nsquare having been designate as the location.\\n[n 1853, a new jail was erected by the county\\non the same quarter of the public square with the\\ncourt house, and, in 1860, a building for county officers\\nwas erected on the northwest quarter of the same\\nsquare. These are all the public buildings, which\\nhave ever been erected on the public square, and they\\nleft the south half of the square entirely unoccupied.\\nWhen the county ordered the erection of the build\\niiigs for county officers, on the northwest quarter of\\nthe square, the grantees in the deed from the County\\nCommissioners of August 7, 1839, protested against\\ntheir action, and notified the Supervisors that the\\ncounty did not own all of the public square, but their\\nprotest was not heeded It will be perceived that this\\naction took place twenty-nine years after the plat was\\nmade, an l after the square was dedicated to the public,\\nif any dedication was made by that plat.\\nThe condition of the square, then, in 1860, was\\nthis The county had placed two public buildings on\\nthe northeast quarter, and one on the northwest quar-\\nter. The other two quarters, which wore separated\\nfrom the occupied parts by streets, were not occupied\\nby the county in any manner, nor does it appear that\\nthere was any proposition by the county to make use\\nof them for any public purpose. A deed of the whole\\nsquare had been given by the County Commissioners\\nto the [larties wiio erected the court house, but what\\nidea respecting its ultimate disposition was in the\\nminds of the parties at the time, we are not advised.\\nThe uses for which the square was conveyed to the\\ncounty were alluded to, as if they were to be observed\\nand accomplished but. if the square was to be devoted\\nexclusively to public buildings for county use and\\noccupation, it seems a very idle ami absurd thing to\\ninclude it in the deed at all The other lots conveyed\\nwere for the benefit and enjoyment of the grantees, to\\ncompensate them for their expenditures in erecting\\nthe court house, and a strong inference arises that\\nsome personal advantage to the grantees from the con-\\nveyance of the square was expected also, or at least\\nwas looked upon as possible. It may perhaps have\\nbeen thought that only a part of the square would be\\nrequired for public buildings, and have been intenied\\nthat the remainder would belong to the grantees. It\\nis certain that as early as 1860, these parties began\\nto claim as their own all that had not been previously\\nappropriated by the county for a court house site.\\nIn 1886, Kingsbury commenced business as a\\nmerchant in a store situated immediately south of the\\nsouthwest quarter of the public square, and used in\\nconnection therewith, a part of that quarter for the\\nstorage of lumber, shingles, barrels and boxes and\\nwith a hitching rack for horses. In 1856, he built a\\nnew store seventy-two feet in length, with stone founda-\\ntion, one foot of which for the whole length was upon\\nthe square. The cellar-ways for the store were on the\\nsquare, and were walled up at the sides with stone.\\nThis store with the cellar-ways has since been occu-\\npied by Kingsbury and his lessees, and use has been\\nmade of the southwest quarter in connection there-\\nwith. From 1858 to 1869, a tenant had heavy scales\\non the square, set over a walled pit, near the center\\nof the quarter; he moved them this year last men-\\ntioned to another part of the same quarter where he\\ncontinued to use them.\\nIn 1865, Joseph Harper and Darius Shaw deeiled\\ntheir interest in the public square to Daniel Black-\\nman. Redfield also deeded to Blackraan in 1869. In\\n1870, Blackman deeded to Kingsbury the heirs of\\nTietsort gave him a deed in the same year, and Silver\\nanother in 1873. Blackman, it seems, had set up\\nsome claims of title to the southeast quarter of the\\nsquare in 1863, and had erected a building upon it\\nwhich he rented for a law office until 1878, when it\\nwas moved away and a brick store erected in its place.\\nThe Judge s finding states that the southeast quarter\\nis now built up and claimed by the occupants. In\\n1868, Kingsbury platted the southwest quarter of the\\nsquare into six lots, and sold five of them to persons\\nwho erected two-story brick stores thereon, which\\nthey now occupy and claim as owners. Kingsbury\\nalso erected a similar building for a banking-house.\\nThe value of these buildings is $35,500 the value of\\nthe six lots without the builiiings, $2,200. The build-\\nings were completed :n 1869-70 they have been\\ntaxed to the occupants and the taxes paid ever since\\n1868.\\nIn addition to the foregoing, it seems important to\\nmention only the following facts In 1842, the Board\\nof Supervisors by resolution lequesteil the prosecuting\\nattorney to examine the records of the county and\\nascertain whether there was on record any deed or\\ndeeds from the original proprietors of the village of\\nCassopolis conveying to the county the whole or any\\npart of the county square for the purpose of erecting\\nthe necessary county buildings, and if so, whether suffi-\\ncient or not. and if not, what means should be employed\\nto perfect the title. The records of the Board do not\\nappear to show any response to this resolution. In\\nMarch, 1865, the board passed a resolution reciting\\nthat certain individuals had put buildings or other fixt-\\nures on the public s(juare which the board had here-\\ntofore permitted to remain without rebuke; therefore,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nJohn and Samuel Jennings carried on business for\\nabout one year.\\nHenly C. Lybrook and Baltzer Lybrook formed a\\npartnership and began business about the same time\\nas the above. The former soon bought out his part-\\nner s interest and went in with W. G. Beckwith.\\nAbout 1845, H. C. Lybrook, B. F. Silver and Simeon\\nE. Dow formed a partnership and carried on business\\nfor a number of years.\\nIn 1846 or the following year, Ezekiel S. and Joel\\nH. Smith opened in business where L. D. Smith is\\nnow located, and from there moved to the Morse\\nproperty on the corner of Broadway and York streets.\\nSilver Dow sold out of the firm of Lybrook,\\nSilver Dow and Joshua Lofland bought in. In\\n1847, Lofland k Lybrook took as a partner Maj.\\nJoseph Smith. The brother of the latter, Henry\\nW., also had an interest in the store, and in 1850\\nLofland Lybrook sold out to the Smiths and\\nwent to Dowagiac, where they took as a partner G. C-\\nJones. The firm of Joseph Smith Co was dis-\\nsolved two or three years after its formation, Henry\\nW. retiring. Joseph Smith carried on the business\\nalone until 1855 when he sold out to S. T. L. R.\\nRead. The business was carried on in the brick\\nbuilding now occupied by Mr. Davis as a restaurant,\\nwhich was built by Mr. Smith in 1851. Not long\\nafter the Messrs. Read bought the stock of goods,\\nthey moved them to another building, and Mr. Smith\\nsome time afterward resumed business and followed\\nit with some intervals until within a few years of his\\ndeath in 1880. He built in 1869 the large, double\\nstore which his son, L. D., who was his partner and\\nsuccessor, now occupies.\\nIn 1851, a partnership was formed between the\\nDowagiac firm of Lofland, Lybrook Jones and J.\\nK. Ritter, of Cassopolis, for carrying on business in\\nthe latter place. The firm name was J. K. Ritter\\nCo., and the interest was divided equally between\\nMr. Ritter and the company. In 1855, Mr. Rilter\\nbought out his three partners and conducted the busi-\\nness alone from that time until 1858, when B. F.\\nBeeson became a partner. They discontinued in\\n1861.\\nM. B. Custard and Clark Bliss opened a store in\\n1855, but did not long remain in business.\\nIn this year, as has been said, S. T. k L. R.\\nRead bought out Maj. Smith. Mr. L. R. Read re-\\ntired from the store to his farm, however, in 1857.\\nThree years later, he ajrain went into partnership with\\nS. T. Read, and remained until 1865. His place in\\nthe firm was taken by W. W. McUvain. In 1871,\\nS. T. Read sold out to Orson Rudd, and the firm was\\nknown as Rudd Mcllvain. In 1873, Mr. Mcllvain\\nbecame the sole proprietor, but a short time after\\ntook in Orlando Phelps. In 1880, George Kings-\\nbury became the third partner.\\nM. B. Custard and Dr. A. Garwood bought out\\nMaj. Smith in 1862, and continued in business for two\\nor three years, selling out to a Mr. McKee, who in\\nturn sold to a Mr. Birney.\\nFrom 1856 to 1861, -lohn Tietsort carried on the\\nfirst store in which boots, shoes and clothing were\\nsold exclusive of other goods.\\nW. W. Peck, who came to Cassopolis in 185^, and\\nclerked for Lofland Ritter, went into business on\\nhis own account in 1860. A year later the firm was\\nBanks (Charles G.) Peck. In 1863, the firm sepa-\\nrated. John Tietsort formed a partnership with\\nBanks, and they carried on business together for ten\\nyears, or until 1873, when they closed out. On\\nclosing his partnership with Mr. Banks, in 1863, Mr.\\nPeck went into company with Albert P. Maginnis,\\nwith whom he remained until his death in 1879. A.\\nH. Myers was then associated with Mr. Maginnis,\\nj and the next change resulted in the establishment of\\nMyers Brothers.\\nJ. K. Ritter and A. E. Peck formed a business\\npartnership in 1865, but Mr. Ritter soon bought his\\npartner out, and continued the business alone until\\n1875.\\nOrlando Phelps and H. L. Cornwell began business\\nin 1870, in the store now occupied by L. D. Smith,\\nand continued for about four years.\\nThe various firms thus far mentioned carried on\\ngeneral stores, the earliest of them having the\\nmost comprehensive stocks of goods. The several\\nlines of trade have not had a separate line of existence\\nuntil comparatively recent years. Especially is this\\ntrue of the grocery line, in which the first store was\\nstarted by Charles E. Voorhis. S. B. Thomas and\\nA. Hilts followed him, the former in 1876 and the\\nlatter in 1879.\\nDrugs were kept by all of the merchants at an early\\nday, and were not made a specialty until about 1846,\\nwhen Alexander H. Redfield and George B. Turner\\nopened a store in the brick building which stands\\nnext to Capt. Harper s residence. The firm also sold\\nfine family groceries and books. They sold out to\\nHorace B. Dunning. He continued in business alone\\nuntil 1859, when he took A. B. Morley as a partner.\\nThey carried on business alone until Dunning died,\\nand then Morley continued it until his death. The\\nstock was then bought by Shelly k Banks, of whom\\nW. D. Shelly is the successor.\\nDr. L. D. Tompkins began selling drugs in 1S57.\\nJames Boyd became his partner in 1859, and in 1865\\nthe firm was Tompkins, Kelsey Treadwell. Dr.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": ".Ar^ i.L.^^c\\nDAVID M. HOWELL.\\nThe subject of tbiB sketch is a man ^Lose life has been prominently identi-\\nfied with the Interests of Cassopolie and of Cass County. He was born in\\nChampaign County, Ohio, May 27, 1817, and waetheson of Joshua and Cbriatina\\nHowell, who reared a family of six children, of whom the subject of our sketch\\nwas the youngest. Hie father was a Virginian by biith and his mother was\\nborn in Maryland, but reared in Virginia. In that State they were married in\\nthe year 1800, and ten years later emigrated to Ohio. Subsequent to the birtb\\nof D. M. Howell, the family moved to Darke County, and from there they came\\nto Michigan in 1834. They stopped for a short time with Joseph Barter, one\\nof the pioneers of Howard Township, whose wife was a daughter of Joshua\\nHowell but soon after their arrival the father located at Bertrand, Berrien\\nCounty, where be kept a hotel for a number of years. The son divided his time\\nbetween the house in Bertrand and bis brother-in-law s in Howard (spending\\nthe greater part in the latter place), and in 1842 both parents and son removed\\nto Cassopolie. Mrs. Howell died in 1866, and so were separated husband and\\nwife who had lived together for the extraordinary period of sixty-six years. She\\nwas eighty-eight years old at the time of her death. Mr. Howell removed to\\nDowagiac and made his home with a daughter until his death, which occuried\\nnpon the ninetieth anniversary of bis birth in 1869.\\nThe cause of the removal of the family to the county seat in 1842 was the\\nelection of David M. Howell to the office of Register of Deeds, in November of\\nthat 3 ear. Just here we may perhaps more appropriately than elsewhere al-\\nlude to the great misfortune under which the subject of our sketch labored.\\nWhen two years and a half of age he became a hopeless cripple, losing the use\\nof his lower limbs. His parents, however, not willing to admit the entire hope-\\nlessness of his case, continued for several years to seek a cure, visiting many\\neminent physicians and receiving varied counsel as to the treatment of the\\nlittle unfortunate, but all to no avail. The boy was given a good common-\\nschool education, and, being naturally bright and of quick perceptions, learned\\nrapidly in that other school in which the teachers are observation and experi-\\nence. I^pon arriving at manhood be was well equipped mentally for the work\\nof the world, but physically incapacitated from entering many of the callings\\nopen to others. His election to office was hence to him a greater boon than it\\nwould have been to most men. It gave him a etait in the world, and it was\\ngratifying besides es showing the good will of the people and their recognition\\nof bis intellectual capacity. He had before ttis been twice elected as Clerk\\nand once as Justice of the Peace of Howard Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 positions which were of\\nvery trifling value save for the compliment which was conveyed in its bestowal.\\nWhen he entered the cfl^ce of Register of Deeds, he was the possessor of just\\n95 cents in money. He retaintd the office by euccetsive elections for\\ntwelve years. During one-half of that period he was also a Justice of the Peace\\nand for a long term of years he did the business of Deputy County Cleik and of\\nTreasurer. In 1846, he bought the land in Penn Township, just east of Cassop-\\nolis, on which he has lived since 1S58. It was covered with timber when purchased\\nby Mr. Howell, and has been cleared and improved under his direction. Mr.\\nHowell, since his removal from the village, as before, has taken an active part\\nin business and public affairs. He has ever been a zealous advocate of improve-\\nment in educational methods, and a friend of almost every project for the ad-\\nvancement of the good interests of society. He took a prominent part in the\\norganization of the Cass County Agricultural Society and for many years was\\none of its officers. Be was one of the original stockholders of the First National\\nBank, was elected its first Vice President and has held that position continu-\\nously since. Three times he has been elected as CouLly Superintendent of the\\npoor, and he 6er\\\\ed in that capacity almost nine years.\\nMr. Howell has always desired in some public manner to express the senti-\\nment he has entertained toward the people of Case County irrespective of party\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094a sentiment of profound gratitude for the many favors be has enjoyed at\\ntheir hands and for the confidence they have reposed in him. To this he at-\\ntributes chiefly the successfulness of bis life. But it is due bim to say that he\\npossessed in himself the integrity, the industry and the ability which com-\\nmanded the respect of the people and which made it possible fur him to dis-\\ncharge the duties of those stations to which he has been called.\\nOn the Ibt of March, 1846, Mr. Howell was married to Miss Martha Ann\\nAnderson, of Pokagon Township, who lived with him until her death in 1869.\\nThe offspring of this union was one son, Marshall L., who occupied a prominent\\nposition at the bar of Cass County. Mr. Howell was married to hissecond wife,\\nMrs. Charlotte Reynolds, in 1870.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "History of cass county, Michigan.\\nA. B. Treadwell remained in the partnership but one\\nyear, and the firm has since been Tompkins Kelsey\\n(W. J.) H. J. Webb started in the drug business in\\n1870, sold out to Albert Gaston, but soon repurchased\\nthe store and has since carried on the business unin-\\nterruptedly.\\nIn the line of men s clothing, furnishing goods\\nand boots and shoes, the oldest of the present houses\\nis that of Read (S. T.) Yost (John L.), who began\\nbusiness in 1871. Chapman (J. B.) Farnum (J.\\nH.) have sold boots and shoes and furnishing goods\\nnearly as long, and Moses Stern since 1880.\\nHarrington Smith opened a large general store\\nin 1876.\\nThe first man who sold hardware exclusively was\\nD. L. French. He began business in 1862, coming\\nfrom Dowagiac, and bringing a very small stock of\\ngoods and a few implements for carrying on the\\ntinner s trade. He began alone, and three years later\\ntook his brother Samuel into partnership. This\\nbusiness relation did not last more than a couple of\\nyears, and two years after its expiration Mr. French\\nassociated with himself the Rev. William L. Jakways.\\nAfter a year and a half, they dissolved partnership\\nand Mr. French bought another stock of goods of\\nGeorge Berket, of Cassopolis, to which he added a\\nstock purchased in Buchanan of H. C. French, who\\nbecame associated with him under the firm name of\\nD. L. H. C. French. This was in 1869. The\\nfirm has carried on business since then until Novem-\\nber, 1881, when H. C. French withdrew.\\nRev. William L. Jakways continued in the hard-\\nware business only about a year and a half, a portion\\nof the time having a Mr. Codding as partner.\\nWilson Kingman and H. J. Webb began in this\\nbusiness in 1867 and carried it on for a year.\\nZaccheus Aldrich and A. N. Armstrong opened a\\nhardware store in 1877. Mr. Aldrich soon withdrew\\nand Mr. Armstrong carried on the business until\\nJanuary, 1882, when he sold to Wagor Reynolds.\\nMessrs. Sears Messenger have carried on a busi-\\nness in agricultural implements since 1879, and Mr.\\nWilliam Sears, the senior partner, has been in the\\nbusiness for a long term of years.\\nThickstun Beringer, dealers in lumber, coal, salt,\\netc., have been established since 1878. The business\\nhas been in the hands of D. C. Thickstun. This\\ncompany bought out McConnell Son. Orson Rudd\\nand a Mr. Granger have also had lumber yards in the\\nvillage.\\nHarness was first manufactured and sold by P. B.\\nOsborn as early as 1843. J. P. Osborn, his brother,\\nwent into business with him in 1844, and since 1847\\nhas carried on the business alone.\\nIn the line of manufacturing industry, the first vent-\\nure was made by the Silvers Jacob, Abiel and Ben-\\njamin F. in 1833. In the fall of that year, they\\nput up the distillery near Stone Lake, which has been\\nalluded to in this chapter. The frame was so large\\nand made of such massive timber that it required the\\nefforts of a very large number of men to raise it. The\\nraising occupied three days time, and was an episode\\nof great interest in the history of the settlement. Nearly\\nall of the male population of the central portion of\\nthe county assisted in the work, and each man was\\nwell rewarded by the Messrs. Silver. Each night\\nJacob Silver took two pans, one filled with dollars and\\nthe other filled with half dollars, and passing them\\naround through the crowd requested each man to help\\nhimself to whatever amount he considered himself\\nentitled to for his day s work. The raising was super-\\nintended by Amos Huff, of Volinia, the contractor,\\nEber Root, being sick at the time. The distillery\\nwas run to its utmost capacity for a number of years,\\nand the farmers in. the surrounding country received\\na great deal of money from its proprietors for their\\nsurplus corn. In 1836, the Silvers sold the property\\nto John M. Barber, who, in the following year, trans-\\nferred it to Asa Kingsbury. It was subsequently\\ncarried on by Samuel Graham, and he in turn trans-\\nferred it to Charles Kingsbury.\\nThe present manufacturing interests of Cassopolis\\nare comprised in the bowl factory of Aldrich, Yost,\\nCo. (Jesse Harrison and James H. Stamp) the foun-\\ndry of Messrs. Welling, Patch Welling the steam\\nsaw-mill of William and Joshua Berkey the Alden\\nDrier, carried on by Jones Snyder; the flouring\\nmills of ihe Messrs. Rudd and Matthew Lindsey the\\ncabinet and furniture shops of D. S. Jones Son\\nand Miles H. Barber; the ashery of Charles F. Shaw\\nand the steam gristmill, owned by Hopkins Sons.\\nThe bowl factory was started in 1876, by G. G.\\nWilliams, and the Alden Drying Works were put up\\nthe same year. The foundry, which antedates them\\nboth, was started by John Decker. The steam grist-\\nmill and the ashery were put in operation in the latter\\npart of 1881. An establishment of the latter kind\\nwas started prior to 1850, by J. C. Saxon, and for a\\ntime carried on by Samuel Graham, who did a large\\nbusiness. The Messrs. Rudd were actively engaged\\nfor a number of years during the seventies in manu-\\nfacturing a patent gate, which was extensively sold\\nin Cass County.\\nTHE FIRST NATIONAL BANK.\\nAsa and Charles Kingsbury began a private banking\\nbusiness in 1855, but dissolved partnership in 1857,\\nand Asa Kingsbury carried on the business alone until", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "170\\nHISTORYrOF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthe present National Bank was organized in Novem-\\nber, 1870. The incorporators and stockholders were\\nAsa Kingsbury, S. T. Read, Joseph K. Ritter, Isaac\\nZ. Edwards, David M. Howell, Charles W. Clisbee,\\nCharles H. Kingsbury, Joel Cowgill, E. B. Sherman,\\nAmanda F. Ritter and Daniel Wilson, of Cassopolis\\nDavid Lilley, of Dowagiac James E. Bonine, of\\nVandalia N. Boardman, of Three Rivers E. M.\\nIrvin, of South Bend D. C. Read, of Kalamazoo\\nand Henry F. Kellogg, of Elkhart. The first Direc-\\ntors chosen were Asa Kingsbury, Joseph K. Ritter,\\nDavid M. Howell, David Lilley, James E. Bonine\\nand E. B. Sherman. The officers have remained the\\nsame from the organization to the present, viz.: Presi-\\ndent, Asa Kingsbury Vice President, David M.\\nHowell Cashier, Charles H. Kingsbury. The capi-\\ntal of the bank is $50,000.\\nHOTELS.\\nIra B. Henderson was the first man who enter-\\ntained the wayfarer and the stranger in Cassopolis.\\nHe opened a hotel in a double log cabin in 1831. In\\nthe following year Eber Root and Allen Munroe were\\nlicensed as tavern-keepers by the township authorities,\\nwho considered taverns a necessity and the appli-\\ncants of good moral character and of sufiicient ability\\nto keep a tavern. Mr. Root erected a frame building\\nwhere the Cass House now stands, and Munroe became\\nlandlord of the house built by Elias B. Sherman,\\nwhich is still standing upon its original site back of\\nthe county offices. This was known as the Eagle\\nHouse. Root s hotel is at present the planing-mill of\\nMatthew Lindsey, and still bears in faded letters the\\nname, Union Hotel. It was moved away from its\\noriginal site in 1867, when the Cass House was built\\nby M. J. Baldwin.\\nEber Root built a second hotel upon the ground\\nwhere now stands the Baptist Church. It was\\ndestroyed by fire in 1859, at which time it had ceased\\nto be used for hotel purposes, and was occupied by a\\nnumber of families.\\nIn 1850, Samuel Graham put up the building now j\\noccupied by Myers Brothers with a stock of dry i\\ngoods, and carried on the hotel business in it for\\nabout seventeen years.\\nPOST OFFICE.\\nThe first Postmaster at Cassopolis was Alexander\\nH. Redfield, Esq., who served until the appointment\\nof George B. Turner, who was succeeded by Horace\\nB. Dunning. The succeeding Postmasters, in the\\norder named, have been F. A. Graves, Barak Mead,\\nHorace B. Dunning, Alonzo B. Morley, Joseph\\nHarper and the present incumbent, C. C. Nelson.\\nRELIGIOUS.\\nIn the winter of 1832-33, religious services were\\nheld in Cassopolis for the first time, the officiating\\ndivine on that occasion being no less a personage than\\nBishop Chase, of the Northwestern Episcopal Diocese.\\nThe small audience which the celebrated man of God\\naddressed assembled in a room over the Silvers store.\\nIt was not long before the Methodist circuit riders\\nvisited the village and filled regular appointments.\\nThe Methodists were the first denomination which\\neffected an organization.\\nThe Rev. George R. Brown is believed to have\\nbeen the first minister who took up residence in Cass-\\nopolis, but he could hardly be called a settled clergy-\\nman. He was a Universalist, and coming to Cassop-\\nolis in the winter of 1835-36, he labored zealously\\nj for about a year to awaken an interest in that faith.\\nHe was compelled, however, to abandon the field\\nbecause of meager support.\\nTHE METHODIST CHURCH.\\nThe Methodist Church of Cassopolis had its origin\\nin 1838. It was within the Edwardsburg Circuit,\\nwhich was established the same year. The early\\nrecords of the church have been lost, and it is there-\\nfore impossible to give a detailed history of the begin-\\nnings of this religious society. Meetings were held\\nin the court house and the schoolhouses until 1846.\\nIn that year, Jacob Silver and Joshua Lofland erected\\na small house of worship on Rowland street. Mr.\\nSilver was an Episcopalian, and Mr. Lofland a Method-\\nist, and the building was intended for the use and\\noccupation of their respective denominations, and as\\na place for general religious worship. This building\\nwas sold, in 1854, to the United Brethren, William\\nShanafelt becoming responsible to Mr. Silver for\\npayment for his share, and a mortgage being given to\\nMr. Lofland. The society was unable to pay for the\\nbuilding, and in January, 1855, Messrs. Lofland and\\nShanafelt presented it to the Methodist Society, who\\ncontinued to occupy it until 1874. At this time, it\\nwas moved away to make room for the handsome new\\nedifice which the society now occupies. This house of\\nworship arose through the labors of the Rev. J. P.\\nForce, who exerted himself unceasingly to secure the\\nnecessary funds, and did, in fact, raise about three-\\nquarters of the total amount which the church cost.\\nThe building committee were W. W. Peck, the Rev.\\nWilliam L. Jakways, D. B. Smith and John Boyd,\\nand the builder was Mr. Smith. On November 22,\\n1874, the building was dedicated, the Rev. A. J.\\nEldred presiding at the meeting, the indebtedness\\nwhich amounted to $1,600, being cleared on that occa-\\nsion. The total cost of the building was about $6,000.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nItl\\nThis church, with its furnishings and the parsonage\\non the corner of O Keefe and York streets, consti-\\ntutes a property worth not far from $8,000.\\nThe ministers who have preached for the Meth-\\nodists of Cassopolis, from 1838 to 1882, are the\\nfollowing: Knox and Williams, Knox and Harrison,\\nJones and Van Order, Meek and Tooker, Collins and\\nWorthington, Kellogg and Eldred, Cook and Granger,\\nShaw and Erkenbrack, John Erkenbrack, Horace\\nHall, J. W. Robinson, T. H. Bignal, V. G. Boynton,\\nIsaac Abbott, P. H. Johnson, E. L. Kelogg, G. W.\\nHoag, Isaac Bennett, Edgar Beard, A. G. Graham,\\nJ. Fowler, James Webster, J. P. Force, William M.\\nCoplin, J. W. H. Carlisle, William Prouty, H. H.\\nParker, J. M. Robinson and W. M. Colby.\\nA union Sunday school was conducted during the\\nsummer seasons until 1859, supported chiefly by\\nMethodists and Baptists. H. B. Dunning, Barak\\nMead and Joshua Lofland were usually the leaders or\\nsuperintendents. The school was however small in\\nnumbers, and consisted of about as many adults as\\nchildren. The Methodist Sunday school as a distinct-\\nive organization came into existence in 1859, when\\nthe Rev. E. Kellogg was sent to Cassopolis by the\\nM. E. Conference. It was organized under the in-\\nfluence of the wife of this minister, and Charles G.\\nBanks was elected Superintendent. He continued in\\ncharge of it for over nine years, or until April, 1865.\\nThe school opened with about twenty-five pupils, but\\nthe number was soon increased to three times its origi-\\nnal size.\\nIn 1866, the number enrolled, young and old,\\nincluding ofiicers, was one hundred and fifty. Rev.\\nG. W. Hoag and wife rendered able services to\\nthe school, in 1861, and 1862 Rev. Isaac Bennett\\nin 1863 and 1864; Rev. E. Beard in 1865 and 1866;\\nRev. A. Y. Graham in 1867 and 1868; Rev. J.\\nFowler in 1869 and 1870 Rev. J. Webster in 1871\\nRev. J. P. Force in 1872 and 1873 and until Sep-\\ntember, 1874. Mr. Banks successor as Superin-\\ntendent, elected in April, 1868, was the late William\\nW. Peck, who had as an assistant Mr. D. B. Smith.\\nMr. Peck remained in charge continuously from this\\ntime until 1874, with the exception of one year, when\\nRev. William L. Jakways was Superintendent. In Jan-\\nuary, 1875, Charles G. Banks was again chosen to\\nfill the place, and served until January, 1878, when\\nWilliam W. Peck succeeded him. D. B. Smith was\\nthe assistant of each of the above Superintendents.\\nMr. Peck was taken sick in November, 1878, and\\ndied April 5, 1879. Upon his death, Charles G.\\nBanks was elected to fill the vacancy, and re elected\\nin 1881, when he declined to serve. C. H. Funk\\nserved for a few months during the early part of the\\nyear, and Mrs. Charlotte S. Colby was elected in\\nSeptember, with Charles G. Banks as assistant. The\\nchief musicians have been John Tietsort and Henry\\nDeyo. The Sunday school, by the aid of John Tiet-\\nsort and Mr. Banks, made a purchase of a fine organ\\nin 1865, which is still in use.\\nPRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.\\nThis church was organized in 1842, under what\\nwas known as the accommodation plan. Its es-\\ntablishment was in a certain measure due to the\\nAmerican Home Missionary Society, and for several\\nyears it received a small amount of aid from that body.\\nThe Home Missionary Society consisted of Congrega-\\ntionalists and Presbyterians. One of its by-laws, or\\nrules, provided for the organization of churches under\\nits auspices which should not partake of the distin-\\nguishing characteristics of either. The church came\\ninto being under the name of the First Presbyterian\\nChurch of Cassopolis, upon the 19th of March, at\\nwhich time the Rev. Noah M. Wells delivered an ad-\\ndress before a small gathering of people who favored\\nthe organization. Its original members were Samuel\\nF. Anderson, Mahala P. Anderson, Carlos W. Bald-\\nwin, Amelia Fuller, Margaret Sears, Eliza Ann\\nBeckwith, Hervey Bigelow, Wells Crumb, Lucy Ann\\nCrumb and Susannah Hopkins. These persons were\\nreceived on presentation of letters from other churches\\nand the following (the same day), upon confession of\\nfaith, viz.: Joseph Harper, Caroline Harper, Will-\\niam F. Huyck and Lewis C. Curtis. On the follow-\\ning day Phebe Wheeler, Harriet Smith, Miss L. A.\\nHurlbut, Amos Fuller, Mathias Weaver and Catharine\\nWeaver were received by letter, and William and\\nMargaret A. Mansfield and William Sears on con-\\nfession of faith.\\nThe Rev. A. S. Kedzie was employed in Novem-\\nber as the first Pastor of the church. Samuel F.\\nAnderson and Hervey Bigelow were the first Deacons.\\nMr. Kedzie was only engaged for a period of six\\nmonths, and in July, 1843, the Rev. Alfred Bryant\\nwas employed as minister. The succeeding clergy-\\nmen, who have had charge of the flock, have been the\\nRevs. M. Harrison, James McLauren. M. Bacon,\\nThomas Jones, George 0. Overhiser, Eli W. Taylor,\\nGeorge H. Miles, E. B. Sherwood, A. H. Gaston,\\nTheodore B. Hascall. 0. H. Barnard Wilson\\nand M. Q. McFarland.\\nThe erection of the house of worship of this society\\nwas commenced in 1845. It remained unfinished,\\nhowever, until November, 1846, because of the lack\\nof funds to carry on the work. The parsonage\\nproperty upon the corner of O Keefe and State streets,\\nwas purchased June 13, 1855.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "172\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nA large and interesting Sunday school is carried\\non in connection with the church.\\nFIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.\\nThis church was organized on the 8th day of\\nMarch, 1862, with twelve constituent members, viz.\\nElder Jacob Price, Sarah B. Price, Sarah B. Price,\\nJr., Ellen Price, Mary Price, Carrie Price, P. A. Lee,\\nBarak Mead, Harriet E. Mead, Elizabeth A. Magin-\\nnis, Robert H. Trip, Jemima Smith. A council was\\ncalled, and met June 10, 1862. The prayer of recog.\\nnition was oifered by Rev. E. J. Fish sermon by\\nRev. J. L. McCloud address to the church by Rev.\\nS. H. D. Vaughn. The church was received into the\\nSt. Joseph River Association, which the following day\\nassembled at Niles. Elder Jacob Price, who had\\npreached and labored for the welfare of the church,\\nsoon after this took pastoral care of the same, preach-\\ning once in two weeks for two years.\\nAs early as June 28, 1862, efforts were made to\\nprocure a lot for the building of a house of worship.\\nThis purpose was never abandoned, although for five\\nyears the work was delayed. In the spring of 1867,\\na plan was procured and a lot decided on. The\\nhouse was built, and, upon the 16th of March, 1869,\\nformally dedicated. The dedicatory sermon was\\npreached by the Rev. Kendall Brooks, President of\\nKalamazoo College, from Job, xxi, 15. Rev. L. B.\\nFish, of Lansing, preached in the evening. The\\nchurch was built at a cost of $4,765, of which amount\\nall but $1,000 was paid when it was completed.\\nIn February, 1869, a call was extended to Rev. B.\\nP. Russell, then pastor of the Niles Church, to be-\\ncome pastor. This call was accepted, and Liberty\\nChurch, which united in making the call, divided with\\nthe Cassopolis Church in the maintenance of the min-\\nister. The ministers who have served the church\\nsince Mr. Russell removed have been the Rev. T. S.\\nWooden, E. H. Brooks, D. Morse and E. M. Ste-\\nphenson. A portion of the time the church has been\\nwithout a Pastor, and has been ministered to by sup-\\nply Pastors. The church is at present in a good con-\\ndition, and has a membership of about sixty. A\\nSunday school is conducted in connection with the\\nchurch which has a membership of about one hundred.\\nPUBLIC SCHOOLS.\\nThe first school teacher in Cassopolis was Mrs.\\nJane Beach, a widow. The schoolhouse was a little\\nlog cabin which stood where Joel Cowgill now lives.\\nA man named Harrison was the second teacher.\\nFrom the earliest settlement of the village, when\\nthe above named lady and gentleman taught until\\n1843, schools were held in various places by a number\\nof more or less successful teachers. In the year men-\\ntioned, the first frame building was erected which was\\nused exclusively as a schoolhouse. It was located on\\nLot 8, in Block 1 north, Range 2 east, donated to\\nthe district for the purpose by Joseph Harper. The\\nbuilding was a very good one for the time when it\\nwas built, and sufficiently commodious to accommo-\\ndate all of the children of the district. In\\n1857, however, it was found that a larger structure\\nwas needed, and the union schoolhouse was built on\\ncontract by Daniel S. Jones, at a cost of about $1,500.\\nSome additions and improvements were made in this\\nbuilding from time to time, and it remained in use\\nuntil April 29, 1878, when it was completely destroyed\\nby fire. The building was valued at that time at\\nabout $5,000, and was insured for $3,000, which\\namount (minus a slight deduction) was paid to the\\ndistrict officers. When the house burned, the trust-\\nees, with a promptness that was highly creditable to\\nthem, made preparations for the continuance of the\\nschools in other quarters, and soon the work of the\\nseveral departments was being carried on successfully\\nin Oren s Hall, the Reform Club rooms and D. B.\\nSmith s carpenter shop. The High School Depart-\\nment lost only two days time.\\nIt was decided to expend the sum of $10,000 in\\nbuilding a new schoolhouse, and upon the 21st of\\nMay, W. P. Bennett, A. Garwood, J. K. Ritter, S.\\nC. Van Matre, J. R. Carr and W. W. Peck were ap-\\npointed as a building committee. After examining\\nseveral architectural designs for the proposed building,\\nthe one presented by Messrs. Hopkins k Osgood, of\\nGrand Rapids, was chosen. Proposals were adver-\\ntised for, and on the day appointed for their examina-\\ntion, June 13, the contract was awarded to Messrs.\\nManning Smith, of Niles, for $9,000, exclusive of\\nseating. The work of construction was commenced\\nimmediately, and pushed so rapidly that the building\\nwas finished by the 1st of December. S. C. Van\\nMatre was the local superintendent. The building\\nhad still to be seated, but that work was completed\\nwithin a hionth, and upon the 9th of January, 1879,\\nthe new schoolhouse was ready for occupancy, and\\nthe winter term was begun upon that day.\\nThe total cost of the building was $10,619.86, of\\nwhich amount, $9,176.71 was paid to Messrs. Manning\\nSmith $800 for seats $146.66 for a bell $18.33\\nfor window shades; $66.05 for extra painting, etc.;\\n$64.05 for Local Superintendent s services, etc.\\n$22.52 forelocks; $73.82 for drainage; and $251.60\\nfor architect s plans.\\nThe building, which is of a modified gothic form\\nof architecture, and built of white brick with red\\ntrimmings, stand.i nearly in the center of grounds.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n173\\nthree acres in area, well adapted for the purpose they\\nserve. There is probably no more beautiful or sub-\\nstantial school building in Michigan which has been\\nerected for $10,000, and there are certainly many\\nwhich have cost more that do not e(iual its appearance\\nor practical advantages. It is two stories in height,\\nwith an eight-foot basement under the whole building.\\nThe dimensions are 78x62 feet. There are seven\\nrooms available for school purposes, not all of which\\nare now used. Upon the first floor there are four\\nrooms and upon the second three, the high school\\nroom occupying the entire front. The second floor is\\nreached by a broad, platform staircase. All of the\\nwood work is pine, oiled and varnished, and the\\nmellow hue of the natural wood produces a very\\npleasing effect. The rooms are supplied with the\\nbest blackboards, the most approved forms of seats\\nand desks and have all the requisites of model school-\\nrooms. Ample and convenient cloak-rooms adjoin\\neach. In the basement, a novel and excellent pro-\\nvision has been made for the younger pupils in two\\nlarge play rooms, where they can obtain needed rec-\\nreation and exercise without the discomfort or danger\\nto health, which in cold weather would attend their\\nout-door play. The arrangement of the building is\\nadmirable. The provisions for heat and ventilation\\nare perfect, and the rooms are all well lighted. In\\nshort, the Cassopolis school building is one of which\\nthe people may well feel proud, and a credit alike to\\nits architect and the committee under whose super-\\nvision it was erected.\\nThe following is believed to be a very nearly\\nperfect list of the principal teachers or superin-\\ntendents who have taught in Cassopolis during the\\npast thirty years (a period which extends back to the\\norigin of advanced school teaching in the village)\\nJohn 0. Banks began teaching in IS. JS or 1854,\\nand continued until Charles Ayer came in 1858. Ho\\nwas succeeded by a Mr. Miles in 1859, who taught\\nonly about two months, and he by G. M. Trowbridge,\\nwho remained until the fall of 1860. Since then\\nthe succession has been R. H. Tripp, two years\\nW. I. Baker, two years M. D. Ewell, one year\\nS. M. Burton, one year; Jason Newton, one year\\nF. A. Herring, two years H. C. Baggerley, one\\nyear Eugene Ketcham, one year J. F. Downey,\\none year J. C. Clark, one year Levi B. French,\\none year F. H. Bailey, two years H. C. Rankin,\\nthree years, and G. 0. Osinga since the fall of 1880.\\nCEMETERY.\\nImmediately after the death of Jason R. Coates\\nAugust 7, 1832 a village lot was chosen and set\\napart by Elias B. Sherman for a burial-place. Jn\\nthis lot, constituting a part of the present cemetery,\\nMr. Coates was buried. Not long after, graves were\\nmade to receive the mortal remains of a Mr. Shields\\nand of Charles Tarbos. The first woman interred in\\nthe little burying-ground was Mrs. Mary Root, who\\ndied August 22, 1834 (although the tombstone says\\n1835), and the second was Mrs. Allen Munroe.\\nThe burying-ground was enlarged subsequent to\\n1840, by the addition of several lots, donated by the\\nCourt House Company. In 1879, the cemetery\\ncame under the management of the corporation, and\\nin that year an addition of about three and a quarter\\nacres was made to its area, the land being purchased\\nfrom Ritner Graham.\\nMr. John Tietsort has for several years superin-\\ntended the improvements made in the cemetery, and\\nhas most of the time served without any remuneration.\\nTo him the public is indebted for very much of the\\nbeauty of these grounds, where rest the dead of a half\\ncentury. The old portion of the cemetery has been\\nplaced in excellent order, and the new very tastefully\\nplatted.\\nThe oldest person who has died in Cass County is\\nburied here. The tombstone bears the inscription,\\nMary, wife of C. Earnest, died June 25, 1871,\\naged 109 years and seven months.\\nNear by is the monument reared to the memory of\\nthe venerated Elder Price, upon which is inscribed\\nthe following\\nErected by the many friends of Elder Price as a\\ntoken of their high esteem of him as a man, and their\\nappreciation of his earnest, faithful and self-sacrificing\\nlabors among them for so many years as a minister of\\nthe Gospel of Christ.\\nCASi^OPOLIS REAIUNG ROOM AND LIBRARY AS.SOCIA-\\nTION.\\nAn organization was effected under this name\\nOctober 14, 1870, and incorporated February 11,\\n1871, under an act of the Legislature, by W. W.\\nPeck. William P. Bennett, Charles S. Wheaton, John\\nT. Stevens, A. Garwood, A. B. Morley, A. Magin-\\nnis, H. Norton, 0. Rudd, M. L. Howell, John Tiet-\\nsort, James M. Shepard, L. H. Glover and J. B.\\nBoyd. The objects for which the society^was incor-\\nporated were the establishment and maintenance of\\na library and reading room the procuring and fur-\\nnishing of lectures on literary and scientific subjects,\\nand the affording of such other means of literary,\\nscientific and intellectual improvement as the associa-\\ntion by its by-laws may provide. A, public reading\\nroom was established, but only kept^up six or eight\\nmonths. The library Jias been maintained uninter-\\nruptedly, and at present contains about seven hundred", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nwell-selected volumes. The ladies of Cassopolis have\\nbeen very active in supporting and managing the\\nlibrary.\\nTHE ANCIENT AND HONORABLE ORDER OF THE\\nECLAMPSUS VITUS.\\nThe first secret society of which there is any\\nrecord was a lodge of the Ancient and Honorable\\nOrder of Eclampsus Vitus, which was instituted in\\nthe spring of 1846 with Dr. E. J. Bonine, Laban\\nHarter, J. P. Osborn and Dr. L. O.sborn as charter\\nmembers.\\nThe order was in broadest burlesque of legiti-\\nmate secret organizations, and was afterward merged\\nin the Sons of Malta, which died from exposure\\n(by Frank Leslie) in the next decade.\\nThe candidates for admission were bound fast,\\nblindfolded and dragged into the hall by halters.\\nThey were placed in the most ludicrous positions and\\nrequired to pledge themselves to performances and\\ncourses of conduct which by a cunningly devised\\ndouble, entendre in the wording of the pledges were\\neither impossible or eminently ridiculous.\\nA peculiarity of human nature which renders the\\nvictim of a sell restless and unhappy until he has\\ninveigled others into the same meshes, insured the\\nrapid growth and financial prosperity of this mon-\\nstrous hoax. Numerous Neophites were found to\\nassuage the grief and soothe the wounded pride of the\\nearlier victims.\\nA grand ball \\\\tas given by the lodge in the winter\\nof 1846-47, at the Union Hotel, at which over two\\nhundred badges of the Ancient and Honorable\\nOrder were displayed, and that, too, by men who\\nstood the highest in popular esteem and respectability.\\nThe (dis)order collapsed in 1847, partly from lack\\nof raw material and partly from a growing satiety\\namounting to disgust on the part of the better pertion\\nof the members, but it was successfully resurrected in\\n1860 under the alias of the Brothers of Charity.\\nThe second edition, although enlarged and im-\\nproved, was of few days and full of trouble to all\\nexcept the charter members.\\nI. 0. 0. F.\\nThe first legitimate secret society organization\\neffected at Cassopolis was that of Cass County Lodge,\\nNo. 21, I. 0. 0. F. The dispensation authorizing\\nthe institution of the lodge was granted Grand Mas-\\nter Andrew J. Clark January 16, 1847. The lodge\\nwas instituted on February 18, following. On this\\noccasion the following officer.s were elected N. G.,\\nAlexander H. Redfield V. G.^ George B. Turner\\nJames M, Shep\u00c2\u00bbrd, In Rogor a History of C\u00c2\u00aba\u00c2\u00ab Coanty.\\nSecretary, George Sherwood Permanent Secretary,\\nHenry R. Close Treasurer, W. G. Beckwith. In\\n1849, the lodge purchased a portion of the lot upon\\nwhich the county jail now stands, and remodeled a\\nbuilding which stood upon it, making a very comfort-\\nable hall in which to hold their meetings. The prop-\\nerty passed into the hands of Henry Tietsort in 1854,\\nand he subsequently gave the lodge a perpetual lease\\nof the hall and its approaches. When the lot upon\\nwhich the building stood was sold to the county the\\nbuilding was moved to its present location on Broad-\\nway. The organization is at present in a flourishing\\ncondition, financially and otherwise.\\nCass Encampment, No. 74, L 0. 0. F., was organ-\\nized May 11, 1874, by G. P. Fayette S. Day, and\\nconsisted originally of seven members. The first\\nofficers elected were C. P., R. H. Wiley H. P., H.\\nH. Bidwell S. W., J. W. Argo J. w!, H. Dasher;\\nScribe, A. P. Gaston Treasurer, H. Tietsort.\\nThe first meeting of members of this fraternity was\\nheld June 12, 1852, in the Union Hotel. At this\\ngathering, a petition was drawn up, praying for a dis-\\npensation authorizing a local organization. July 9,\\n1852, the members met pursuant to the terms of the\\ndispensation, and organized under the name of Backus\\nLodge, that appellation being assumed in honor of\\nGrand Master Backus. The first officers elected were\\nW. M., James M. Spencer S. W., Asa Kingsbury\\nJ. W., Elias B. Sherman. The lodge held meetings at\\nOdd Fellows Hall until 1860; after that in Kingsbury s\\nHall until 1876, and since that time has occupied the\\nsecond floor of the Chapman building. The lodge\\nhas a membership of eighty, and owns $500 worth of\\nproperty. Its meetings are held Mondays, on or be-\\nfore the full moon.\\nKingsbury Chapter, No. 78, R. A. M. (named in\\nhonor of Asa Kingsbury), was organized March 10,\\n1871, with the election of the following officers, viz.:\\nH. P., Isaac A. Shingledecker K., Asa Kingsbury\\nS., Charles W. Clisbee C. of H., James H. Farnum\\nP. S., Henry Tietsort R. A. C, George T. Shaff er\\nM. 3d v., Samuel Stephenson; M. 2d V., Jonas\\nMechling; M. 1st V Amos Smith; Treasurer, Will-\\niam Condon Guard, L. D. Tompkins. The Chap-\\nter has a membership of thirty-three, and owns $400\\nworth of furniture, regalia, etc. Its meetings are on\\nTuesdays, on or after the full of the moon.\\nOrganizations of several other orders have had an\\nephemeral existence at various periods.\\nA division of the Sons of Temperance was instituted\\nin 1848, and, at the same time, or soon after, an au\\niliary union of the Daughters of Temperance.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n175\\nIn 1852, a lodge of the Independent Order of Good\\nTemplars was organized, which existed for several\\nyears. A second lodge of the same order was organ-\\nized in the summer of 1865, which remained active\\nfor about four years.\\n.lOSEPH HAHPEK.\\nMr. Harper was born December, I J, 1805, in\\nWashington County, Penn., upon a farm where\\nhis grandparents, immigrants from Belfast, Ireland,\\nhad settled soon after the Revolutionary war.\\nRobert, son of .John and Margaret Harper, married\\nTamar Johnson, who was of Scotch descent, and\\nbelonged to a family who settled at an early date\\nin Washington County. The subject of this sketch\\nwas the sixth child in a family of ten. He was reared\\nupon the home farm. After spending two years in\\nPittsburgh and a short period in the village of Wash-\\nington, he started for the then far West. It had been\\nhis intention to locate in Chicago, but, by one of those\\nseemingly inconsequential happenings, of which time\\ndevelops the importance, he became a resident of the\\nthen new village of Cassopolis. The exact date of\\nhis arrival was February 3, 1835. In Pennsylvania, he\\nhad learned the carpenter s trade, and he followed it\\nafter coming to Cassopolis for many years. He was\\nthe builder of the first court house, upon which he\\nbegan work in 1835, and also of the present court\\nhouse. Very soon after coming to Michigan he was\\nmade Deputy Sheriff of Cass County, under Eber\\nRoot, and remained in that capacity until the State\\nwas organized in 1836. While occupying this office,\\nhe served the first legal papers in Van Buren County,\\nthatcounty being attached to Cass forjudicial purposes.\\nIn 1836, he was elected Justice of the Peace, and took\\nthe office July 4. In the fall of 1838, he was elected\\nRegister of Deeds, and re-elected in 1840. In 1837,\\nhe was chosen County Treasurer to fill a vacancy,\\nand again in 1839, to fill another in the same office,\\ncaused by the death of Isaac Sears. Capt. Harper\\n(as he is commonly called) has been complimented by\\nthe bestowal upon him of a number of other offices of\\nhonor and trust. He was Superintendent of the\\nPoor for several years subsequent to 1847 has been\\nPresident of the corporation a number of times and\\nis now the President of the Cass County Pioneer So-\\nciety. In 1850, he went to California and followed\\nmining there for four years. Upon his return, in\\n1854, he was elected Sheriff upon the first Republican\\nticket. Prior to the organization of the Republican\\nparty he was a Whig, and was prominently identified\\nwith the famous campaign of 1840. When the war\\nbroke out, his popularity made it an easy matter for\\nhim to raise a company of men and did so, going to\\nthe front in September, 1861, as Captain of Company\\nA of the Michigan Twelfth Infantry. Upon May_^\\n27, 1862, he resigned and received a discharge for\\ndisability. His army experience was unfortunate in\\nthat it undermined his health and he was for two years a\\nsufferer with diseases which threatened very serious\\nconsec(uences. In 1864, with a view to the im-\\nprovement of his health, he went to Montana, and\\nfor three years followed mining. The experiment\\nwas successful, and he returned so benefited that he\\nis to-day as hale a man for his years as can be found\\nin the State. In the spring of 1869, Capt. Harper\\nwas appointed Postmaster of Cassopolis, an office\\nwhich he held until January, 1878. Since that\\ntime he has not been actively engaged either in pub-\\nlic or private employment. Capt. Harper now, at the\\nage of more than three score years and ten, as we have\\nimplied, preserves in a remarkable degree his physical\\npowers and mental faculties. His memory is wonder-\\nfully retentive a storehouse full of the facts accumu-\\nlated by the observation and reading of a long life-time.\\nHis accurate recollection of local affiiirs has been of\\npeculiar value in the preparation of this work, and it is\\nsafe to say that no one man in Cass County has been\\nable to contribute so much of reliable information for\\nthe benefit of the historian and for posterity. And\\nnow in the old age of a correct life, with family\\nand friends about him, he enjoys both the present and\\nthe past. Religiously, Capt. Harper has been an al-\\nmost life-long believer in the principles of Christianity,\\nand has striven to conform his daily life to them.\\nCapt. Harper was married October 25, 1836, to Miss\\nCaroline Guylford, a native of Massachusetts, born\\nSeptember 4, 1816. Her parents were early settlers of\\nCuyahoga County, Ohio, and came from there to\\nMichigan. The offspring of the marriage were four\\ngirls, of whom three are living in Cassopolis. Emily\\nS., the eldest, is the wife of J. B. Chapman Melissa\\nC, is Mrs. Joseph Graham Janette, Mrs. C. L.\\nMorton, died February 27, 1880 Maryette is the\\nwife of L. H. Glover. Esq.\\nWILLI. \u00e2\u0080\u00a2VM P. BENNETT.\\nWilliam P. Bennett, or Judge Bennett, as he is\\nfamiliarly known, was born in Maulmein, British East\\nIndia, October 17, 1831, and was the son of Cephas\\nand Stella (Kneeland) Bennett, both natives of the\\nState of New York. The elder Bennett was a printer\\nby occupation, and, in 1829, was sent out by the\\nAmerican Board of Foreign Missions with the first\\niron printing press over operated in Central Asia.\\nIn 1840, he returned to America with his family,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "176\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nand, after a stay of about a year and a half, returned\\nto India, leaving William P. at New Woodstock, N.\\nY., where he remained until 1845, when he came to\\nTecumseh, Mich., but subsequently returned to New\\nYork. He was educated at the Cortland, Woodstock\\nand Groton Academies and at the Oneida Conference\\nSchool at Cazenovia. October .5, 1850, he was mar-\\nried to Miss Louisa Brokaw, of Cayuga County, N.\\nY., and, in 1851, the young couple came to Michigan\\nand, in October of 1852, settled in Marcellus Town-\\nship, then a new country, and began the construction\\nof a home. His ability was soon recognized by the\\npeople, and for ten years he was their representative\\non the Board of Supervisors.\\nIn 1868, he was elected to the most important and\\nresponsible position in county affairs, that of Probate\\nJudge, and such has been the appreciation of the\\npeople of the manner in which he has discharged the\\nduties of the office that he has held the position unin-\\nterruptedly since. In politics, -ludge Bennett is an\\nunswerving Republican. He takes a deep interest in\\npolitical matters, using the term in its broadest and\\nbest sense, and has always been active in advancing\\nthe best interests of the community. He is a man\\nof large reading, and his acquaintance with general\\nliterature seems as intimate as his knowledge of the\\ntopics of the day. He is not a church member, but\\na man of good habits and morals and of sturdy char-\\nacter. His mode of thought is vigorous and his con-\\nversation plain and direct. He is a man in whom\\ndignity is finely tempered with kindness and affability,\\nand the pleasant vein of humor in his composition\\nrenders him engaging in his manner.\\nMr. and Mrs. Bennett have a family of three chil-\\ndren Alton W., a resident of Big Rapids, Mich.\\nFrank M., a graduate of the Naval School at Annap-\\nolis and Stella M., now Mrs. Lieut. Douglas Roben,\\nan officer on the retired list of the United States\\nNavy.\\n8YLVAD0R T. READ.\\nThe grandfather of the subject of this biography,\\nGilbert N. W^atkins, when the war of the Revolution\\nopened, was living in Massachusetts. He took up\\narms to defend the patriot cause, received a commis-\\nsion as Captain signed by John Hancock and was\\nassigned to report to Gen. Gates. He served through\\nthe whole war, a period of seven years and six months,\\nand was one of those who signed a receipt for the\\nfull amount of pay without receiving it. He was\\nafterward offered a land warrant but refused it, and\\nbefore his death made a codicil to his will enjoining his\\nheirs from receiving any bounty or pension from the\\nGovernment, on pain of being deprived of other\\nbenefits of the will. After the close of the war,\\nGilbert N. Watkins and his wife, Sarah, settled in\\nTompkins County, N. Y. There the former died in\\n1827. His wife survived, and emigrated to Michi-\\ngan. Esther, the fourth child of this couple, was\\nmarried in 1814 to Titus R. Read, a native of Peru,\\nMass. He was a soldier, and worthy of the daughter\\nof so gallant and patriotic a man of arms as Gilbert\\nN. Watkins. Mr. Read served in the war of 1812\\nas a First Lieutenant, being wounded at the battle of\\nQueenstown. He was one of the two-thirds of the\\nforce present who volunteered to go over the line and,\\nthe Captain being killed, led the company.\\nSylvador T. Read was born in Tompkins County,\\nN. Y., January 12, 1822, and was the third child\\nand first son of Titus R. and Esther (Watkins) Read.\\nThe family removed to Erie County, Penn., and from\\nthence, in 1831, to Michigan. While they were\\npassing through Ashtabula County. Ohio, Mrs. Read\\nwas taken sick and died. The bereaved husband\\njourneyed on to Michigan and located in Leonidas,\\nSt. Joseph County. He subsequently removed to\\nVolinia, Cass County, and put out a nursery on\\nLittle Prairie Ronde, grafting improved stock upon\\nthe roots of crab-apple trees. He was doubtless the\\nfirst man in the county who undertook this method of\\nfruit propagation. He was a resident of Cass County\\nuntil his death, which occurred January 6, 1863,\\nwhen he was in his seventy-third year.\\nBut to return to the immediate subject of our\\nsketch. Sylvador T. Read, upon the death of his\\nmother, returned to New York, and for a short period\\nlived in Ontario County. In 1832, he came to Michi-\\ngan with his grandmother and uncle, Nathan G.\\nWatkins. Subsequently he went to school for three\\nyears in Erie County, Penn., and there became\\nacquainted with the lady who was to be his wife\\nRhoda A. Hayden. They were married in 1843, and\\nthe same year settled in Calvin Township, where Mr.\\nRead, who had several times passed through the\\ncounty, had bought land. Farming was for a number\\nof years Mr. Read s chief occupation, but he also\\nfollowed breaking as a regular business, and\\nguided the great plow, weighing 500 pounds, through\\nmany acres of Cass County grubs. He dealt largely\\nin horses and cattle and other live stock. In 1848, he\\ntook a large drove of cattle to Chicago, and in the\\nfollowing year drove a fine lot of horses to Oswego,\\nN. Y. These were the first horses raised in Cass\\nCounty which went to an outside market. In 1854,\\nhe drove a herd of cattle, consisting of over a hundred\\nhead, to California, and disposed of them to good\\nadvantage. In 1855, he returned, located in Cassop-\\nolis, and immediately went into business. His first", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nstand was in the building latterly known as the Davis\\nrestaurant. He rented this of Maj. Joseph Smith,\\nbought the store fixtures, put in a new stock of goods.\\nFour years later, he moved to the store now occu.\\npied by Mr. French as a wareroom, and there\\nremained until January, 1870, when he sold out to\\nOrson Rudd and W. W. Mcllvain. In August, 1871,\\nhe opened his present store in company with John\\nYost. In addition to his other business, Mr. Read\\ncarried on extensively for about fifteen years, subse-\\nquent to 1857, the shipping of cattle, sheep and hogs\\nto New York, and he built for that purpose a shipping\\nyard at Dowagiac.\\nLarge as Mr. Read s private business has been, it i\\nhas not claimed all of his attention or activity. To\\nhim Cassopolis and Cass County are indebted beyond\\nany doubt for the Grand Trunk Railroad, a brief his-\\ntory of which is given in a chapter of this work. It\\nwas he who first suggested to the President of the\\nCanadian Railway, which had its terminus at Port\\nHuron, the scheme of crossing the Michigan Penin-\\nsula and reaching Chicago, and it was due almost\\nentirely to Mr. Read that, when that project was\\ndecided upon, the line was run through this county.\\nHe gave liberally both of his time and money to efi ect\\nthat end.\\nThe subject of our sketch has been an earnest\\nand energetic worker in every measure or project\\nin which he has engaged, and the people, recog-\\nnizing that quality in his nature, combined with\\nshrewd common sense, have frequently placed him in\\npositions where his energies might be of value to the\\npublic. He has served upon the Cassopolis School\\nBoard for twelve years and as a member of the Council\\nfor eight years. Before he took up his residence in\\nthe county seat, he held various ofiBces in the gift of\\nthe people of Calvin Township. While taking a deep\\ninterest in political affairs, he has never been an aspi-\\nrant for political oflSce. The oflBce of Sheriff might\\neasily have been his at one time had he not refused\\nthe nomination, and various other positions of honor\\nand trust would have been given to him had he cared\\nto accept them. His political affiliations have been\\nwith the Abolitionist and Republican parties.\\nMr. Read has been associated with the Presby-\\nterian Church for forty-two years, and is a member\\nof the organization of that denomination in Casso-\\npolis.\\nWe have already mentioned the fact that Mr. Read\\nwas married in 1843 to Rhoda A. Ilayden. Their\\nchildren are Helen Jane (Mrs. W. W. Mcllvain),\\nOphelia A. (Mrs. Orlando Phelps), Martha\\n(deceased), Sarah I. (Mrs. H. D. Smith), Frank\\n(deceased), and Nettie N.\\nJOSHUA LOFLAND.\\nMr. Lofland was born in Milford, Del., September\\n8, 1818. At the age of eighteen, he was placed in a\\nstore, and for several years remained in that position,\\ngaining the rudiments of a practical business educa-\\ntion. In 183(3, with his mother and the rest of the\\nfamily, he removed to Michigan. His first business\\nwas the management of a grocery store in Cassopolis,\\nwhich belonged to Lucius Hoyt, of Niles. When that\\nbusiness closed, he visited his old home in Delaware,\\nremaining there several montlis, during which time he\\nconnected himself with the M. E. Church. In 1840,\\nhe returned to Cassopolis, and was employed as a\\nclerk by Jacob Silver. In 1841, he formed a partner-\\nship with Mr. Silver, to continue five years, Mr. Sil-\\nver furnishing all of the capital. At the end of the\\ntime specified, the firm dissolved, and divided $16,000\\nequally. During this co-partnership, Mr. Lofland was\\nelected County Treasurer. In 1841, he married Lo-\\nretta, daughter of Josiah and Polly Silver. In April,\\n1847, Mr. Lofland formed a partnership with Henly\\nC. Lybrook, under the firm name of Lofland Ly-\\nbrook, in the dry goods business. In June, 1850,\\nthis firm began business in Dowagiac, and soon after\\ntook a half-interest in a dry goods store in Cassopolis,\\nwhich Mr. Lofland managed. In 1854, they closed\\nout their business in Dowagiac. Not long afterward,\\nMr. L. bought the Vanderhoof farm, on La Grange\\nPrairie, and lived there the rest of his life, making a\\nsuccessful farmer. He died February 27, 1862, after\\nlong suffering with consumption. Mr. Lofland was a\\nvery popular man among the people of Cassopolis and\\nothers with whom he was associated, and possessed the\\nrespect of all who knew him. His excellence of char-\\nacter is very fre(iuently spoken of by old residents.\\nJOSEPH SMITH.\\nThe late Joseph Smith, commonly spoken of by\\nold settlers as Maj. Smith, was born in Botetourt\\nCounty, Va., April 11, 1809. His parents, Henry\\nand Sarah (Shaff er) Smith, early removed to Clark\\nCounty, Ohio, and settled near Springfield, where his\\nfather engaged in farming. Joseph Smith obtained\\nonly the rudiments of a school education. At the\\nage of eighteen, he left home, and spent two years in\\nclearing for diff erent owners heavily timbered lands\\nin his own and adjacent counties. With a capital\\nof about $350, he removed, in 1829. to the locality\\nnow known as Northampton, Ohio, built the first\\nhouse there, and opened a small store. In 1832, he\\nremoved to Cass County, where he bought a saw-\\nmill, which he carried on for about two years. At\\nthe end of that time, he sold out and bought 1,000", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nacres of land in Jefferson Township. He then began\\nfarming, and continued it about eighteen years,\\ntoward the close of that period establishing a mercan-\\ntile business in Cassopolis. This he carried on very\\nsuccessfully until 1875. He bought large tracts of\\nland near the village, and became the owner of a\\nvery extensive property, which, as well as his mer-\\ncantile and general business, he managed with signal\\nability. He was a Captain of militia in Ohio, and\\nMajor of the regiment of militia organized in Cass\\nCounty in 1841. He was a member of the first\\nLegislature elected under the State Constitution in\\n1836, and was re elected in 1837. In local affairs, he\\ntook a prominent part, being several times elected to\\nsuch offices as Supervisor, Justice of the Peace, and\\nPresident of the village. In politics, he always acted\\nwith the Democratic party. His death occurred in\\nApril, 1880. Maj. Smith was married in February.\\n1830, to Jemima Lippincott, daughter of Obadiah\\nLippincott, of Clark County, Ohio, who still survives.\\nThey were the parents of eleven children, the first\\ntwo of whom died in infancy. The others are Lewis\\nDavis, merchant of Cassopolis; Eliza J. (widow of\\nJohn Shaw), also of Cassopolis John Henry and\\nEmily, deceased Margaret (wife of Lester Graham,\\nof Jefferson Township) Sarah (Bell), deceased\\nThomas J., Sabrina(Mr3. E. R. Graham), and James\\nP., of Cassopolis.\\nEBER ROOT.\\nMr. Eber Root was an early hotel-keeper of Cass-\\nopolis, whose name is frequently mentioned in\\nthe history of the village he came here in the\\nyear 1832, from Huron County, Ohio, and was\\nthe builder of the old log jail, or gaol, as it is\\ncalled in the Supervisors records, and was Sheriff in\\n1835. Mr. Root was a man of good character, and a\\ngenial, pleasant landlord. His first wife, Mary\\nGamble, who came with him from Ohio, died in 1834,\\nand hers was the second deatli which occurred in Cass-\\nopolis. His second wife, Eliza Wells, who came\\nfrom Edwardsburg, is still living. Mr. Root retired\\nto a farm in La Grange Township early in the fifties,\\nand died there June 19, 1862, aged sixty-three years.\\nHis children are Isabella (Mrs. J. P. Osborn), Mary\\n(Worthington) and Jane (wife of L. D. Smith).\\nS. A. TURNER.\\nThe subject of this sketch, one of the early resi-\\ndents of Cassopolis, was born in Northampton County,\\nN. C, July 5, 1791, and was reared in Southampton\\nCounty, Va. He was a soldier in the war of 1812,\\niind served under Gen. Wade Hampton. He was in\\nthe battle of Plattsburg, and one of the party engaged\\nin the retaking of the brig from the British in Bufi alo\\nHarbor. At the close of the war, he received an hon-\\norable discharge at Covington, Ky., and soon after\\nsettled in Franklin County, N. Y. In 1835, he came\\nto Michigan, and in 1836 to Cass County, locating at\\nthe county seat. He followed the trade of harness\\nmaking, and for many years lived in the house now\\noccupied by Capt. Joseph Harper. For a long period,\\nhe was a Justice of the Peace, being several times\\nre-elected. He died May 10, 1.851, mourned by a\\nlarge circle of friends. Mr. Turner was a man of fine\\ncharacter, and universally respected in the community\\nin which he dwelt.\\nJOHN TIETSORT.\\nMr. Tietsort was born in Miltonville, Butler\\nCounty, Ohio, November 22, 1826. and was the oldest\\nson of Abram Tietsort, Jr. (see history of La Grange\\nTownship). He came with his father to Niles, Mich.,\\nin April, 1828, and from there to what is now Cass-\\nopolis in the spring of 1830, the family being the\\nfirst settlers on the site of the village. Mr. Tietsort\\nhas ever since resided in Cassopolis, with the excep-\\ntion of two years spent in California, whither he went\\nin 1850, with Joseph Harper and others. He has\\nlived longer in the village than any other resident.\\nDuring the greater part of the period from 1846 to\\n1873, he was engaged in the mercantile business\\nHe has been one of the most useful and popular citi-\\nzens of the place. A man of generous impulses, and\\nalways having the best interests of the community at\\nheart, he has done much for the benefit of Cassopolis.\\nThe citizens are largely indebted to him for the beauti-\\nful arrangement of the village burying-ground and its\\nadmirable condition. His services have usually been\\nbestowed without the expectation of or the desire for\\nremuneration.\\nMr. Tietsort has been married three times. His\\nfirst wife, with whom he was joined November 25,\\n1852, was Ellen Silver Sherman, daughter of Elias\\nB. Sherman. She died August 26, 1862. He was\\nmarried to Eleanor Robinson, January 26, 1864.\\nHer death occurred October 27, 1869, and upon July\\n17, 1871, Mr. Tietsort married Addie Silver Robin-\\nson. He has three daughters and one son, all living\\nin Cassopolis.\\nCHARLES KINGSBIRY.\\nMr. Kingsbury was born, May 14, 1812, in Nor-\\nfolk County, Mass., and remained in the vicinity of\\nhis native place until he arrived at years of maturity,\\nwhen he went to Augusta, Me., with a small stock of", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "HT8T0KY OF CASS COUiNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nmiscellaneous goods, such as were then commonly\\nkept in general stores. After he had remained\\nthere a few years, he closed out, with the intention of\\ngoing to Chicago, and started on a journey for that\\npurpose. After long and wearisome travel, he stopped\\nat Cassopolis, to see his brother Asa. He gave up\\nhis original intention of going to Chicago, and re-\\nsolved to go into business with his brother in this\\nthen small village. This was in the M\\\\ of 1837.\\nHe purchased and cleared land just west of the vil-\\nlage, on the north side of State street, and built the\\nhouse still standing upon the hill, which was his home\\nfor about thirty years. He was married to Sarah\\nMiller, at the house of her father, J. P. Miller, in\\nJefferson Township, by Elder Jacob Price, March\\n12, 1851. His death occurred December 23, 1876.\\nCharles Kingsbury was a man of quiet habits, a great\\nreader and well informed in history, politics and gen-\\neral literature. During the whole of his mature life,\\nhe spent a portion of each day in reading the Bible,\\nand he considered its precepts man s best guide, spir-\\nitually and morally governing his life thereby. He\\nwas always kind to the poor and suffering, and never\\nrefused them aid when it was in his power to extend\\nit, often suffering financially by reason of his benevo-\\nlence. His attachments for home and friends were\\nvery strong. He had a large musical talent, was a\\ngood singer and played readily upon almost any\\ninstrument. Politically, he was a Whig and after-\\nward a Republican, adhering to the principles of the\\nlatter party until his death.\\nMOSES McII.VAIN.\\nMr. Mcllvain is of Scotch-Irish descent, his an-\\ncestors having emigrated from Scotland to Ireland\\nduring one of the turmoils that occurred in their\\ncountry in e.arly times. His grandfather emigrated\\nto America and settled in Pennsylvania, and, going to\\nKentucky soon after th^ settlement of that State, was\\ncaptured by a band of Indians who made a raid from\\nOhio, and kept in bondage by them for two and a\\nhalf years. He afterward made a permanent settle-\\nment near Lexington. It was in that locality that\\nthe subject of this sketch was born in 1802. When\\nhe was three years old, his parents moved to Cham-\\npaign County, Ohio, where he resided for thirty-one\\nyears, or until coming to Michigan in 1836. Mr.\\nMcllvain settled in Jefferson Township and lived there\\nuntil 1867, when he removed to Cassopolis, where he\\nhas since resided with his son. Mr. Mcllvain is a\\nquiet, unassuming man, who has always commanded\\nthe respect of the people among whom he has dwelt.\\nHe has held sever.il positions of honor and trust, He\\nwas married in Ohio to Charity Carmichael. Their\\nliving children are William W., Nancy J., the wife of\\nHenry W. Smith, and Mary E. (Gregg) the last\\nmentioned of whom is at present a resident of Rock-\\nwell City, Iowa.\\nWilliam W. Mcllvain, the well-known merchant of\\nCassopolis, has been in business here since the close\\nof the war. He served in tlic army nearly four years,\\nenlisting in Company D, of the Sixth Michigan In-\\nfantry as a private, and being promoted to the posi-\\ntion of First Lieutenant. He was wounded at the\\nsiege of Port Hudson.\\nJOSEPH K. KITTEK.\\nJoseph K. Ritter was born in Berrien County,\\nMich., May 7, 1829, and was the son of John and\\nSarah (Lybrook) Ritter, who came to Michigan in\\nOctober, 1828. They settled first at Niles but, in\\nAugust, 1829, removed to La Grange Township, Cass\\nCounty. John Ritter was killed by a- stroke of light-\\nning on the 31st of the same month. Joseph K., the\\nsubject of this brief sketch, came to Cassopolis in 1851,\\nand for the following ten years was engaged in the\\ndry goods business. During the first four years, he\\nwas in partnership with Joshua Lofland, Henly C.\\nLybrook and G. C. Jones, under the firm name of J.\\nK. Ritter Co., and afterward was alone until 1858,\\nwhen he took into partnership B. F. Beeson, who\\nremained with him until 1861. In 1862, Mr. Ritter\\nwas elected County Treasurer, and served in that\\ncapacity for four years. In 1865, he again went into\\nbusiness, having, as a partner, for a brief period. A\\nE. Peck. He continued in active mercantile life until\\n1875, and since that time has been engaged in buying\\ngrain. Mr. Ritter was married September 18, 1856,\\nto Amanda F., daughter of Asa Kingsbury.\\nTHE GRAHAM FAMILY.\\nSamuel and Edward Graham have been residents\\nof the village, respectively, since the years 1847\\nand 1850. Samuel Graham was born, in Erie\\nCounty, Penn. Since coming to Cass County, he\\nhas resided at the place which is now his home,\\nenjoying at once the advantages of farm and village\\nlife. His first wife was Anna Taylor; his second,\\nEmma Jane (Hancock). ni;e Deacon. He had by his\\nfirst wife nine children, of whom one, Marvin M.,\\nlives in Cassopolis and by his second, four, of whom\\nthree are living in town. Edward Graham was born Sep-\\ntember 11, 1810. His wife was Desire Ilisted. They\\nhave nine children, all of whom reside in Cassopolis,\\nor its vicinity, viz.: Henry C, Lester, William, E.\\nR., Raensallaer, Florence, Joseph, Frank and David,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "180\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nCHARLES G. BANKS.\\nMr. Banks was born in McDonough, Chenango Co.,\\nN. Y., in 1825. He came to Cassopolis in 1844.\\nHe followed surveying, taught school for four or five\\nyears, and clerked for S. T. L. R. Read. From\\n1863, in company with John Tietsort, he carried on a\\nsuccessful mercantile business. Mr. Banks has been\\nprominently identified with the best interests of the\\nvillage, and has taken an active part in educational\\naffairs. He was married to Amanda, daughter of\\nPleasant Norton. John C, Harlow and Aaron,\\nbrothers of Charles G. Banks, have resided at different\\nperiods in Cassopolis, and the first named was one of\\nthe prominent school teachers of the village.\\nHORACE B. DUNNING.\\nThe subject of this sketch was a son of Isaac Dun-\\nning, and was born near Sempronius, Cayuga Co.,\\nN. Y., September^ 18, 1802. In 1834, the family\\nemigrated to Cass County and settled near Edwards-\\nburg. Upon October 12, 1836, Horace B. was mar-\\nried to Sarah A. Camp, who lived six miles west of\\nBuffalo, N. Y. In 1837, he was elected Probate\\nJudge, in which office he served until January, 1841.\\nIn 1840, he was elected County Clerk began his\\nduties in that position in January, 1841, and soon\\nafter removed to Cassopolis. He was for several years\\nActing Treasurer. In 1844, he bought out the drug\\nbusiness of Alexander H. Redfield, which he carried\\non until his death. He was appointed Postmaster in\\n1861. Mr. Dunning s death occurred May 30, 1868.\\nHis children were Helen C. (Draper), now living in\\nBig Rapids Delia and Huldah (deceased), and Sarah\\nL., widow of the late A. B. Morley.\\nWILLI.VM W. PECK.\\nMr. Peck was born in Shelby County, Ohio, Sep-\\ntember 22, 1830, and came to Cassopolis in 1853.\\nHis first employment was as a clerk with Joshua Lof-\\nland and J. K. Ritter. In 1860, he went into themer-\\ncantile business for himself, and carried it on success-\\nfully for a number of years, during a portion of the\\ntime having Albert Magannis as partner. He was\\nelected and served acceptably as County Treasurer.\\nMr. Peck took an interest in public aft airs to the ad-\\nvantage of the community, and was especially active\\nin enhancing educational interests. He was a member\\nof the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Peck s\\ndeath occurred April 6, 1879, after a long and ex-\\nceedingly painful illness. He was married, December\\n27, 1853, to Elizabeth, daughter of Pleasant Norton,\\nwho survives him.\\nJOHN SHAW.\\nMr. Shaw was born in Westfield, Chautauqua Co., N.\\nY., March 10, 1824. He learned at an early age the\\ntrade of cabinet-making. In 1853, he went to Cali-\\nfornia where he remained two years. The steamer\\nin which he took passage for his return trip was the\\nill-fated Yankee Blade, which was totally wrecked\\nnear Lookout Point on the Mexican coast, a great\\nmany of the passengers losing their lives. He was\\none of the survivors. In 1856, he came to Cassopo-\\nlis to visit relatives, and while here became acquainted\\nwith Miss Eliza, daughter of Maj. Joseph Smith, to\\nwhom he was married the same year. He took his\\nwife to his old home, Westfield, N. Y., and remained\\nthere one year, when he returned to Cassopolis,\\nwhere he lived until his death, which occurred June\\n25, 1878. His wife and only son, Charles W., survive\\nhim.\\nC. C. ALLISON.\\nC. C. Allison, editor of the National Democrat,\\nwas born in Blackberry, 111., about thirty miles west\\nof Chicago, in September, 1840. He came to Cass-\\nopolis in 1818, and has since resided here. In 1855,\\nhe obtained his introduction to the printing business,\\nentering the Democrat office as an apprentice. It was\\nin this school that he obtained the principal part of\\nhis education, picking it out of the case. He\\nworked for about one year in Dowagiac on the Cass\\nCounty Tribune, under James L. Gannt, and on the\\npresent Dowagiac Republican at the time it was\\nfounded by Messrs. Jones Campbell. In 1862, he\\ntook charge of the National Democrat as publisher,\\nand, as a matter of fact, as editor, for he did all of the\\nwriting except an occasional article from Maj. Jo-\\nseph Smith. When Mr. Allison first became identi-\\nfied with the Democrat, it was owned by a company of\\nstockholders; but, in 1864, he purchased the paper.\\nSince then he has edited and published it and with\\nfine success.\\n.lAMES M. SHEPARl)\\nMr. Shcpard was born in North Brookfield. Mass.,\\nNovember, 24, 1840, and at a very early age removed\\nto Boston. He is the youngest son of Lucy (Bush)\\nand Jiev. James Shepard, of the New England Method-\\nist Episcopal Conference, andgramlson of Gen. James\\nShepard, of the army of the Revolution. After\\npreparatory study at the Wilbraham Academy, he\\nentered the Wesleyan University at Middletown,\\nConn., and there received a thorough classical educa-\\ntion. Subsequently he studied medicine and dental\\nsurgery at Boston. During the war, he served in the\\nmedical department of the United States Navy. Upon", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "Y,^a1u.\u00e2\u0082\u00ac^^^\\nF^ESlDEjviCE OF S.T. F^Ey\\\\D; cy\\\\SSO PO L I S. [Vl I C |H", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthe 3d of September, 1868, he located in Cassopolis,\\nwhere he has since resided, following, until 1876, the\\nprofession of dental surgery, and since then journal-\\nism. He has been sole proprietor of the Vigilant\\nsince 1878. Mr. Shepard was elected as a Repub-\\nlican to the State Senate from the Twelfth District\\n(Cass and Van Buren Counties), in 1878, receiving\\n5,257 votes against 1,208 for Josiah R. Hendryxi\\nDemocrat, and 4,230 for Aaron S. Dyckman, National\\nHe served acceptably to his constituency and was a\\nvalued member of the Senate. He was Chairman on\\nthe Standing Committees on the Liquor Traffic, and\\non Printing, and a member of the committees on\\nEducation and Public Schools, Mechanical Interests\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2and Engrossment and Enrollment. In 1870, Mr.\\nShepard was united in marriage with Alice, eldest\\ndaughter of Hiram and Margaret Silver Martin. They\\nhave two children.\\nA. E. PECK.\\nMr. A. E. Peck was, for many years, a resident\\nand prominent man of Cassopolis. He was born\\nin Jefferson County, N. Y., in 1819. He moved\\nto Ohio in 1840 to Livingston County, Mich.,\\nin 1842, and to Cassopolis in 1846. In 1854,\\nMr. Peck was elected Register of Deeds, and\\nentering upon the duties of that office in January,\\n1855, served until 1865. filling the position to the\\nentire satisfaction of the public. For some time sub-\\nsequent to the latter date, he was engaged in business\\nin Cassopolis, and in October, 1874, removed to\\nGentry County, Mo., where he died July 16 of the\\nfollowing year. Mr. Peck was a very worthy man,\\nand enjoyed the esteem of all who knew him during\\nhis long residence in Cassopolis.\\n.lAMES OREN.\\nJames Oren, of Cassopolis, came to the county April\\n11, 1848, and is, therefore, an eleventh-hour pioneer,\\naccording to the rules of the Pioneer Society. He\\nwas born in Clinton County, Ohio, January 29, 1825.\\nIn the winter of 1848-49, he taught school in what was\\ncalled the brick schoolhouse, two and a half miles\\nsouth of Cassopolis, and for five or six years following\\nhe continued to teach during the winters in the schools\\nof Calvin Township. He soon afterward made an\\nunfortunate investment in a mill property. In the\\nfall of 1X51, he married Angeline Osborn, daughter\\nof Josiah and Mary Osborn. Both were at the time\\nmembers of the Society of Friends but, being mar-\\nried by a Baptist minister, contrary to the discipline\\nof the church, they were disowned and deprived of\\nthe privilege of membership. Their sympathies, how-\\never, remained with the Quakers, and the policy of\\nthe society being changed in some respects, they were.\\nnearly twenty years afterward, invited and welcomed\\nback into the church. One son, James Albert Oren,\\nwas the offspring of their union. After his marriage,\\nMr. Oren settled in Calvin and cleared up a fine farm.\\nHe was quite prominently identified with the affairs\\nof the township, being .several times elected to the\\noffices of School Inspector, Clerk and Supervisor.\\nBoth his son and wife died in 1873, the former upon\\nJune 30 and the latter on August 23. Not long after\\nthese sad occurrences, Mr. Oren removed to Cassop-\\nolis. and, a year later, married Sarah, widow of Charles\\nKingsbury and daughter of John Miller.\\nCHAPTER XXIV.\\nTHE CITF OF DOWAGIAC.\\nBeginning and Development\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Causes Combining to Create a Town\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe Paper City o\u00c2\u00a3 Venice\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Grace Greenwood upon Early Dowa-\\ngiac\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Original Plat and Additions\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Some Initial Events Mercan-\\ntile and Maiuifacturing History\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Banking\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hotels\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Post Office-\\nRailroad Statioji-Amount ol Freight Shipped\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Church History\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe Public Schools- Lists of Trustees and Teachers-Secret and\\nBenevolent Societies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ladies Library\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Village Incorporation and\\nCity Charter\u00e2\u0080\u0094 omcers from 1858 to 1881\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fire Uepartment\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The\\nLarge Fires of 18G4 and 1866\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Burial Places -Fair Association\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Biographical.\\nBEGINNING AND GROWTH.\\nVILLAGES and cities do not come into existence\\nand flourish except through definite cause a de-\\nmand and a need for their being on the part of the\\npeople who occupy the contiguous country, or perhaps\\na broader commercial necessity. Towns may be pro-\\njected and established where these conditions do not\\nexist, but they fail to develop unless there is natural\\nreason for development, and either remain as unnour-\\nished germs or pass entirely out of existence. Their\\ngrowth cannot be arbitrarily forced.\\nThese general remarks might be illustrated by many\\nexatnples, but there is one which is particularly ap-\\npropriate.\\nThe site of the flourishing city of Dowagiac was\\nselected at an early day for a village by one of the\\npioneer proprietors of the land. As early as 1836,\\nthe village of Venice was laid off, by Orlando Craine,\\non the southwest quarter of Section 31, in Wayne\\nTownship. The plat was extensive, occupying fully\\n160 acres of land, and it was .admirably arranged.\\nThe ground was well adapted to the building -of a\\nhamlet or village, and the proprietor was a popular\\nman, who offered his land to the people at very rea-\\nsonable terms. But, notwithstanding these facts, not\\na single house was built, the lands remained under\\nfarm cultivation and there was no mark established to\\nindicate the ambition its owner had once cherished.\\nThe village of Venice had no existence save on paper\\nin the County Register s office and in the imagination", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "182\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nof Mr. Craine. There was, in 1836, no need or de-\\nmand for a village at this point. The sparse popula-\\ntion illy sustained the few centers of trade which\\nalready existed, and the scanty products of the country\\nrequired no new outlets or markets.\\nBut in a dozen years the conditions had changed,\\nand a village Dowagiac sprang up and flourished\\non the soil which had proven barren before.\\nThe country had become more thickly settled, and\\nthe farms better improved and more productive, but\\nthese facts were not sufficient alone to cause the\\ngrowth of a village in the northwestern part of Cass\\nCounty. A new force came into operation the rail-\\nroad and all along its line through the fertile farm-\\ning region of Southern Michigan, there were formed\\nnew clusters of dwellings, and new places of trade and\\ncommerce.\\nNicholas Cheesborough (quite widely known through\\nhis connection with the Morgan abduction case) had\\nbeen engaged in 1847 in the purchase of right of way\\nfor the Michigan Central Railroad from Kalamazoo\\nto Niles. As soon as it was decided to locate one\\nof the stations of the line at the point now known\\nas Dowagiac, he associated with himself Jacob Beeson,\\nof Niles, and they together purchased from Patrick\\nHamilton (of whom we shall have much to say in this\\nchapter) a tract of land consisting of eighty acres in\\nthe northeastern corner of the Township of Pokagon.\\nUpon a portion of this land they proceeded to plat and\\nlay out the village of Dowagiac, of which they made\\na record at the Register s office, in Cassopolis, Feb-\\nruary 16, 1848.* The land was bought and the plat\\nof the village recorded in the name of Mr. Beeson.\\nThis gentleman, although he never became a resident\\nof the village, did much for the welfare of the place\\nin various ways, not the least of which was his gener-\\nosity or shrewd policy in making various donations\\nof land for the use of churches and schools (as speci-\\nfied in the note) and his grant to the railroad\\nof the Dorth\\nODe hundred\\n;t ths place of beginning. The\\nIndiana street, Michigan\\npumllel\\n1 Township, running thence v\\n1 street is fiv\\nby lands belonging t\\nstreet and Chestnut street, art\\nMain street is one hundred and eight feet wide, and HigUt street\\nwide, both running parallel with IJomniercial street. The alleys i\\nwith Front street, and all are sixteen and a half feet wide.\\nThe plat consisted of ten whole squares or blocks, and fractious of twelve\\nothers, the whole blocks being twenty-four rods long and thirteen rods wide,\\nand euch divided into twelve lotj^. The entire number of lots was one hundred\\nand fifilily-fnin, miA tli.- wli .1.- tul-s iii H Ui-il four by six rods each.\\nTit.- i.iMjirift.r nttij.- Vera! -I -irtti-.i,- nti certain specified conditions as fol-\\nlows 111. n. 11,1 l.ni N., 11 In i!,,. lir-i K|iiwopal Society; fractional Lot No.\\nItoili. FiiM M.ihn.li^t l ,pi-i I s.irj.ty. luid fractional Lots No. 7 and 61 tu\\ntb.- Iir-1 il..[i uiii, 111 .fi i.th. r ih:i!, iliun.- iitiint-d, who should first erect buildings\\nu(K,[, tIm 111 Til ii!i. r i,r ihr iinildings to be worthless than ^00. It was provided\\ntbiit Mil i!li. 1 iif thr Kits designated were to revert to the proprietor, bis\\nheirs III ii-sit;ii-. ii[i III the contracting of or existence for one year of a debt\\nagiiiii-i wi 1 1 i!ii i-ongregattons or societies. Fractional Lot No. 62 was\\ngiven li\\\\ il.i- in ij.i iri.ir ti the citizens of tile village for the erection of a school-\\nliouse, \u00c2\u00bbn.i lor tlieir perpetual use for a boys school.und fracilonal Lot No. 83 for\\na girls school, and fur perpetual use as such, and it was provided that prior to\\nthe ye ir 185.5, either of the lots might be used for both sexes.\\nof depot site and adjoining grounds, the latter of\\nwhich, by an agreement with the railroad company, is\\nforever to remain a park. The railroad, projected by\\nthe State, was originally intended to have as its\\nwestern terminus the town of St. Joseph, but the\\nMichigan Central Railroad Company, by whom it\\nwas purchased, greatly increased its value, and pro-\\nmoted the growth of the villages along the line by\\npushing it around the end of the lake to Chicago.\\nThe little village laid out by Jacob Beeson quickly\\nreceived population. Enterprising men readily saw\\nthat a town, situated upon a railroad, in the midst of\\na rich agricultural region, and with no important\\nstations near it, must become not only a good place\\nfor mercantile business, but a shipping-point of con-\\nsiderable consequence.\\nFrom the very beginning of its life, the success of\\nDowagiac was assured. Within two years, merchants\\nand tradesmen had assembled in considerable number,\\nand the infant village contained nearly all of the\\nsimpler elements of industrial life. It was so clearly\\nperceived that the village was destined to grow and\\nthrive, that men who owned land adjoining the plat\\nproceeded to lay out additions to accommodate its\\nexpansion, and profit by it. The first of these was\\nPatrick Hamilton, who owned and resided on a farm\\nin the southeast corner of Silver Creek Township.\\nHe laid out what was known as Hamilton s First\\nAddition to the village of Dowagiac, in the spring of\\n1849, the plat being recorded upon the 14th of April.\\nThis addition included the lots along ihe west side of\\nDivision street, extending from Nicholas Bock s Hotel\\nnorth, and as far northwest as Spruce street. Jacob\\nBeeson made a small addition to the village March 13,\\n18-50, from the Pokagon tract of land, which he had\\npurchased, and Jay W. McOmber added a number of\\nlots from his land in Wayne Township February 19,\\n1851, while Mr. Hamilton made his second addition\\nto the town plat upon the 5th of the same month, and\\nErastus H. Spalding enlarged the area of the town by\\nlaying off streets and lots from his possessions in the\\nsummer of this year. Thus the limits of the town\\nwere gradually extended, as the actual or prospective\\ngrowth of population demanded. From time to time\\nother additions* have been made, until at present the\\noriginal plat forms only a small fraction of the whole\\ncity.\\nTh I llii ii II t iiii-ntioned above are the following:\\nI l.ir Thinl Addition, recorded December 12, 1864.\\n.Iii\\\\ M iid Addition, recorded June 2, 1854.\\nI ll! II 1 ill Ih Addition, recorued October 14, 1850.\\nDaniel .Mci mUer s .\\\\.lditim recorded January 20. 1858.\\nJustus tiage s Addition, recorded November 8, 1858.\\nTiitbill and Sturgis Addition, recorded March 24, 1858.\\nJay W. and Daniel M. McOmber s Addition, recorded June 30, 1869.\\nSarah E. Sullivan s Addition, recorded June 19, 1863.\\nJoel H. Smith s Addition, recorded October 2, 1865.\\nAn addition, platted by Elam Barter, Joel Andrews and Williuni i\\nrecorded January 8, 1867.\\n1", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n183\\nThe town has had, during its thirty-three years of\\nexistence, quite an even growth, although in some\\nyears the increase of population has been retarded by\\nvarious causes. Chief among these, perhaps, was the\\nprevalence of typhoid fever in 1852, only four years\\nafter the founding of the village, which led many per-\\nsons to think the locality dangerously unwholesome.\\nAs a matter of fact, the disease was imported. Lorane\\nMcArthur came home from Jackson not feeling well,\\nand a Mr. Coan returned sick from a visit to New\\nYork. The first two cases of the fever were in the\\nDowagiac House. The disease rapidly spread, and\\nmany were afflicted. Some people moved away, and\\nothers who were stricken down were obliged to send\\nabroad for friends to take care of them. At one time\\nthere were scarcely enough well persons in the place\\nto attend the sick. Mr. Coan and his wife and sister\\ndied the entire family. Of thirteen persons attacked,\\nsoon after the disease made its first appearance,\\neleven died Henry Michael and a Mrs. Bull escap-\\ning. In the winter of 1857-58, and in the year\\n1870, there were epidemics of scarlet fever, which\\ncarried off many children. The unhealthiness of\\nDowagiac, however, has probably been no greater\\nthan that of the average of towns of its class in South-\\nwestern Michigan, and the unenviable reputation\\nwhich it temporarily bore after the epidemic of 1852,\\nhas not since attached to it.\\nThe two large fires of 1864 and 1866, which are\\nelsewhere spoken of in detail, caused serious losses\\nbut they cannot be considered as untoward events,\\nviewed in the light of the great improvements they\\nmade possible.\\nAs young as is Dowagiac, it has entered upon what\\nmay be called the second era of its life. At first all\\nadvancement was in the hard, straight line of utility.\\nThere was time for none but the sternly-practical\\nduties of life. Necessities were provided luxury\\nand elegance little thought of The village, when it\\nwas ten years old, appeared undoubtedly very crude\\nand painfully new. There was no special natural\\nattractiveness in the site on which it was built, and its\\nresidents had not yet devoted their attention to beauti-\\nfying their homes. About the year 1858, the well-\\nknown writer, Grace Greenwood (Mrs. Lippincott),\\npaid a visit to her brother. Dr. William E. Clarke,\\nwho had settled here a short time before, and during\\nher stay sent to that famous old literary paper of\\nPhiladelphia, the Evening Post, a description of the\\nvillage which considerably incensed some of its peo-\\nple. The letter was undoubtedly a racy and graphic\\npen-picture of the Dowagiac of those days, colored all\\ntoo correctly. The bare, white houses reminded the\\nwriter of rocs eggs lying on the desert sand. She\\ncomplained that the people did not plant shade trees\\nin their door yards or the streets, and that the burn-\\ning sun shone down pitilessly on the grassless ground\\nand unprotected dwellings. The letter, as we have\\nsaid, caused some ill feeling at the time it appeared,\\nbut it had the good eflect of setting people at work to\\nbeautify the village by planting trees and cultivating\\ngrass plats. A very general improvement was\\nnoticable in a short time. The village authorities, as\\nwell as individuals, took up the work of which they\\nhad been rather sharply reminded, and one result of\\ntheir action we find chronicled in the records under\\ndate of 1859, in the item, Ordered that\\nbe paid 25 cents each for removing eighty-three\\nstumps from the streets. The planting of shade\\ntrees was carried on for several years, until the village\\nwas well provided with them, and now, having attained\\na good growth, they make the streets and private\\ngrounds very attractive. If that person is a bene-\\nfactor who causes two blades of grass to grow where\\nbut one had grown before, how much greater a bene-\\nfactor is Grace Greenwood who indirectly caused the\\ngrowth of several hundred beautiful trees where none\\n(or at least a very few\\\\ grew before.\\nSOME OF THE FIRST HAPPENINGS, ETC.\\nThe first preaching in the village was by the Rev.\\nJacob Price (Baptist), of Cassopolis, who, in July, 1848,\\naddressed an audience assembled in the old freight\\nhouse. The Rev. Richard C. Meek, a Methodist\\ncircuit rider, was probably the next minister who\\ndelivered a sermon in Dowagiac, and the Rev. S. H.\\nD. Vaughn, of the Baptist Church, was the first\\nsettled pastor.\\nNoel Byron HoUister was the first resident lawyer.\\nThe first couple married were Joel H. Smith and\\nSylvia Van Antwerp. This marriage was solemnized\\nby the Rev. James McLarren, a Presbyterian minis-\\nter then located at Cassopolis.\\nThe first death was that of Bogue Williams.\\nA son born to Mr. and Mrs. Hulemisky, was the\\nfirst child which had its nativity in the town. His\\nfather was a laborer for the railroad. A village lot\\nwas deeded to this young pioneer. The first girl child\\nwas a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Wares, now\\nMrs. C. J. Greenleaf She did not receive any\\ndonation of real estate from the proprietors of the\\ntown.\\nThe first Justice of the Peace was M. T. Garvey,\\nthe first Postmaster, A. C. Balch, and the first rail-\\nroad agent, Charles Wood.\\nIn 1850 occurred the first Fourth of July celebra-\\ntion in the new village. This brought the first great\\ncrowd which was gathered in the streets of Dowagiac,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "184\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHlftAN.\\nand the first band of music. The latter came from\\nElkhart, and made the village musical during the two\\nnights they remained there. The celebration of Inde-\\npendence Day was quite a success. M. T. Garvey\\nwas President of the Day, the Rev. Justus Gage the\\norator, and George B. Turner, of Cassopolis, the\\nreader of the Declaration.\\nMERCANTILE BUSINESS.\\nPrior to the building of the railroad, A. C. Balch\\nkept a small stock of goods in a house which stood\\nwhere Mrs. Stoff now lives. Kendall Fettiplace\\nopened a store principally for the purpose of supply-\\ning with goods the hands they employed in building\\nthe freight house. Their store was in Ira D.\\nMosher s house, which is still standing and owned by\\nFrancis J. Mosher. Both of these stocks were small.\\nA much larger was opened in January, 1848, by\\nEzekiel S. and Joel H. Smith. This store was in the\\nbuilding in which John Foster now keeps a shoe\\nstore, and was under the management of Joel H.\\nSmith. The store was soon moved into a larger\\nbuilding, but after conducting the business for about\\na year, Mr. Smith sold out and went to California.\\nWells H. Atwood, the purchaser, carried on the store\\nfor about six years, took in a Mr. Carlin as partner,\\nand finally sold his own interest to Dr. Hale.\\nG. W. Clark opened a store and carried on business\\nfor two or three years, on the corner of Front and\\nCommercial streets.\\nIn 1850, Joshua Lofland built a large brick store\\non the northwest side of Front street, facing the pas-\\nsenger depot, and in this building Mr. Lofland,\\nHenly C. Lybrook and G. C. Jones began a general\\nmercantile business. After five years, Mr. Lybrook\\nsold out and the business was continued by Lofland\\nJones.\\nBallengej;, Wagner Co. began business in 1851,\\nbut were unsuccessful, and after three or four years\\nhad elapsed closed out.\\nAbout this time also Tuthill Sturgis, H. E.\\nEllis, Becraft Bowling and A. Van Uxen were\\nengaged in the dry goods business, and Azro Jones\\nopened a store in 1855 and carried on a miscellaneous\\nbusiness for twenty years.\\nF. G. Larzelere Co. (the company was Daniel\\nLarzelere and Babbitt) established themselves also in\\n1855 and remained in business about twelv^e years,\\nbeing succeeded by Archibald Jewell Co.\\nGideon Gibbs, who began selling groceries in 1851,\\nwith Abram Townsend, established himself in the\\ndry goods trade in 18G3. With hira were associated\\nG. C. and Azro Jones, under the firm name of Jones\\nGibbs, until 1869, and after that time G. C. and\\nHorace C. Jones. In 1873, the firm became Jones,\\nGibbs Co., the company being a Mr. Greene.\\nA. M. Dickon Co. and Thorp Greene were in\\nbusiness for a short time.\\nOppenheim Bros, opened their dry goods and cloth-\\ning store in 1871; Dewey (B. L.), Defendorf (Mar-\\nvin) Lyle (Daniel) in 1873, and George H. Lyle\\nCo. at a subsequent date.\\nIn all of the foregoing houses dry goods formed the\\nprincipal part of the stock.\\nMr. Hirsch, now of Chicago, began selling clothing\\nin 1850. In 1859, the firm became Hirsch Jacob,\\nand in 1875 Hirsch Phillipson, as it now remains.\\nThe senior partner retiring from active management,\\nestablished the wliolesale clothing firm of Hirsch k\\nMeyer in Chicago.\\nWilliam Houser opened and still carries on a large\\nbusiness in this line.\\nIn the line of hardware, J. C. and George W.\\nAndrews were the pioneers, beginning in 1850, in\\nthe basement of the old American House and subse-\\nquently building on Division street. J. C. Andrews\\nsold out in 1853, and George W. carried on the busi-\\nness until 1877. He moved his building to Front\\nstreet in 1854 was burnt out in 1864 and rebuilt a\\nfine block on the same ground.\\nF. H. Ross opened a stock of hardware in 1860,\\nwhere the Republican oflice now is. He moved to\\nFront street in 1864, and in 1874 first occupied the\\nlarge store in which he now does business.\\nIra Brownell was engaged in the hardware trade\\nfor a number of years following 1850.\\nH. C. Lybrook, G. C. Jones and T. McKinnon\\nHull, established themselves in this business in 1867.\\nThey were succeeded by C. W. Vrooman Son\\n(under the name of W. E. Vrooman k Co.), and this\\nfirm in turn by Bishop Higginson, who are still\\ncarrying on the trade.\\nProbably the first store in which groceries were\\nexclusively sold or formed the principal part of the\\nstock was that of Benjamin Cooper and Francis J.\\nMosher. Gideon Gibbs, as has been said, sold gro-\\nceries in 1851.\\nTheodore Stebbins and A. G. Ramsey began in\\nthis line in 1857. Mr. Ramsey soon after died and\\nthe firm became Stebbins k Son, as it now exists.\\nOther grocers have entered the business very nearly\\nin the order here named Carl Geoding, L. Brewer\\nCo., Louis Reshore, the Lee Brothers, Henry and\\nFred, W. D. Jones, Azro Jones, Adams Hopkins,\\nJacob Sturr and G. I. Peck.\\nDrugs were first sold by .\\\\sa Huntington, and sub-\\nsequently N. B. HoUister, Cady Richards, John\\nC. Howard. C. L. Sherwood and Lee Brothers, em-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "HON. BARTHOLOMEW W. SCHERMEKHORN.\\nThe subject of this sketch is descended from one of\\nthe old families in the colonial history of the State of\\nNew York.\\nSome time previous to the old French war, the pro-\\ngenitors of the family earae from Rotterdam, Holland,\\nand settled in Schenectady, where many of their de-\\nscendants still reside. They were a staid, sober and\\nindustrious people, and devotedly attached to home\\nand country. Bartholomew Schermerhorn, grand-\\nfather of the subject of this memoir, was a Revolu-\\ntionary patriot and served during the continuance of\\nthat sanguinary struggle. His son, William B., was\\na native of Schenectady, and married Miss Sarah\\nTaylor Kelly. She was of Scotch extraction and a\\nwoman of many ennobling qualities. They reared a\\nfamily of nine children, Bartholomew W. being the\\nthird. He was born December 7, 1823, and received\\nan academical education, and a^ the age of eighteen\\nwent to learn the trade of a carpenter and joiner. In\\n1848, he embarked in company with his father in the\\ngrocery business in Schenectady. He was engaged\\nin this business about two years, during which time\\nhe was married to Almera W.. daughter of Isaac\\nTice, of Albany. In 1850, he made his first visit to\\nMichigan, on business for his father-in-law, who had\\nextensive landed interests in Cass and Berrien Coun-\\nties. After the completion of his business he returned\\nto New York, and in 1851 came back with his family\\nand settled in Niles, where he remained until the\\nspring of 1852, when he removed to Silver Creek and\\nengaged in farming.\\nMr. Schermerhorn immediately took an active in-\\nterest in township matters and in 1854 was elected\\nSupervisor, which position he held until 1857. Since\\ni this time he has been continuously before the people\\nin some official capacity, and it can be said to his\\ncredit that in a career as a public officer extending\\nover a period of over twenty-five years, that in no\\nj instance has he done aught to mar his record as an\\noflBcial or a citizen. In 1858, he was elected to the\\nI Representative branch of the Legislature, which posi-\\ntion he filled with credit to himself and to the satis-\\nfaction of his constituents. On his return to Silver\\nCreek, he was again elected Supervisor, and in 1860\\nwas elected Sheriff. Upon the expiration of his term\\nof office he returned to his farm, which he sold in\\nI 1866, and moved to Dowagiac, and shortly after he\\nI received the appointment of Assistant Assessor of\\nInternal Revenue. In 1869, he was elected Magis-\\ntrate, which position he has held continuously to the\\npresent, and during six years of the time he has rep-\\nresented Pokagon upon the Board of Supervisors.\\nIn his political affiliations he was originally a Whig,\\nand made his debut on that ticket when twenty-five\\nyears of age as Alderman of the Fourth Ward of the\\ncity of Schenectaily. Upon the formation of the\\nRepublican party he joined its ranks and was an\\nardent supporter of the principles of that organiza-\\ntion until about 1863, when in common with many\\nothers lie became a Democrat.\\nHe has been prominently identified with the growth\\nand development of the city of Dowagiac and in many\\nways has left his name indelibly stamped on its his-\\nI tory.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "Jilo (x^fmcs^^^^,^^\\nCiA^u^\\nHON. MATTHEW T. GARVEY.\\nMatthew Garvey was born in North Ireland, near the bor-\\nders of Scotland, emigrated to Virginia about 1763, and settled\\nin Rockbridge County, near Lexington, where his son, also\\nnamed Matthew, was born in 1787. The brothers engaged in\\nthe business of manufacturing hats and dealing in furs, in\\nwhich they continued until the last year of the war of 1813,\\nwhen they enlisted and served with honor until its close.\\nSoon after the close of the war, Matthew married Miss Jane\\nCaven, daughter of George Caven, a native of Scotland, who\\nhad emigrated to this country. Soon after his marriage, he\\nemigrated to Ohio, with his family, accompanied by his\\nbrother John, his father-in-law and several relatives. Matthew\\nGarvey located in the village of Monroe, Clark County,\\nwhere Matthew T. Garvey, the subject of this memoir, was\\nborn May 13, 1831. For services rendered in the war of 1812,\\nJohn Garvey received a pension from the Government until\\nhis death, which occurred a few years since in Piqua, Ohio,\\nwhere he had lived since ISl.i. Two sons survive him\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nSamuel B., wlio resides in Piqua. Ohio; and William M., of\\nthe United States Land Offloc. in Cheyenne, Wyoming Terri-\\ntory. As neitlier they or Mattlicw T. have any sous, the name\\nof Garvey becomes e xtinct witli this generation.\\nMatlhew Garvey, not liking liis location, changed his resi-\\ndenc to Miami Counlj and in about si.\\\\ years located perma-\\nnently in Sidney, Shelby County, where he resumed his old\\nbusiniss (the manufacture of hats), which waa continued up\\nto the time of his death, which occurred in 1837. Although\\ncnlitlcd to a pension, he never applied for one. His wife,\\nJane, ilcceased in 1833. Matthew T. Garvey, having received\\na coiiitnon school education, engaged for a time as scliool-\\ntcaclicr and in working at his trade, that of a cabinet-maker.\\nHaving li;arned of the attractions for enterprising young men\\nat Klkhart, Ind.. he, in 1844, started for that place with his\\nwardrobe tied up in a red bandana handkerchief. A portion\\nof the distance was performed on foot, he walking forty\\nmiles the la.st day of the journey. He ceased working at his\\ntrade about the 1st of August, to make political speeches in\\nbehalf of Clay and Frelinghuysen, in the Presidential cam-\\npaign of this year. In 1846, he came to Cassopolis, and the\\nfollowing winter taught school in the now extinct village of\\nGeneva.\\nAbout the 1st of March, 1848, he, in company with Ezekiel\\nS. Smith, drew the first load of goods to where the village of\\nDowagiac now is, and commenced mi rtli;niilis;in2: in tlic store\\nnow owned by .John Foster. In 184H. In was ilninl Justice\\nof the Peace, and not long after was :i|i|hiiiii( .l I usiniaster.\\nand shortly after surrendered his position .is clnk tu att n(i\\nto the duties of his office, to which was added that of Super-\\nvisor for Pokagon in 18.51. This latter office he held for five\\nyears, and in 1853. he removed to Pokagon Township, and\\nengaged in farming. He was elected to the office of Judge of\\nProbate in 1864, and two years after the expiration of his\\nterm of office removed to Jefferson, where he now resides.\\nIn addition to the many offices of honor and trust to which\\nhe had been elected, he was, in 1874, elected by the Republi-\\ncans as State Senator for llir lounlics of Cass and St. Joseph,\\nand discharged the duiirs of ilii- oilice faithfully and to the\\ncredit of himself ami hi- ronsiiiurnts, as he had all other\\noffices to which he was clciliMi. As an evidence of his public\\nspirit and progressiveness, he is cnMlited with giving more, in\\nproportion to his means, for the Air Line and Grand Trunk\\nRailroad tlian any other resident of Cassopolis.\\n.Mr. Garvey exemplifies in his own life what can be accom-\\nplished by those who rely entirely on their own exertions,\\nand aim high in life; commencing life in a new country, with-\\nout money or friends, he arose by his own efforts, to some of\\nthe hij^he st positions in the gift of the people among whom\\nhe resided.\\nMr. Garvey has been twice married\u00e2\u0080\u0094 fli-st to Mrs. Mary M.\\nBruce, November 25, 1851, who died in Cassopolis September\\n18, 1867. and by whom he had one child\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Rowena G., now\\nMrs. William L. Jones, who has three children. He was\\nnext married, December 8, 1869, to Mrs. Sarah E. Vary. Mrs.\\nVary was born in Massachusetts, January 18. 1828. For two\\nyears she attended tlie justly celebrated Mount Holyoke\\nSeminary, of whicli Mi.ss Mary Lyon was princii)al. August\\n30, 1848, she married W. L. Jones, and they came from\\nRensselaer County, N. Y., and settled on the farm where she\\nnow resides. Mr. Jones died July 8, 1851, leaving one son.\\nWilliam L., above-mentioned. Slie returned to New York\\nState, and February 21, 18.54, married 3. C. Vary, who died in\\n1860, leaving one son\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Willit T.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COTTNTY, MICHICrAN.\\n185\\nbarked in the trade. Mr. HoUister remained at the\\nbusiness but a short time, beginning as early as 1858.\\nThe other two houses still exist and flourish.\\nBooks were sold by Ira Starkweather as early as\\n1851 or 1852, and by A.N. Alward and N. B.\\nHollister a few years later.\\nH. B. Denman opened a private banking office in\\nthe village as early as 1856, and in 1865 was the\\nleading spirit in establishing the First National Bank.\\nDaniel Lyle and Joseph Rodgers started a banking\\noffice in 1865, and remained in partnership until 1868,\\nwhen Mr. Rodgers retired. Mr. Lyle continued the\\nbusiness alone for one year. Up to this time Mr.\\nDenman had retained the controlling interest in the\\nFirst National Bank, but, in 1869, Mr. Lyle became\\nthe principal stockholder and the President of the in-\\nstitution. Silas Ireland was chosen Vice President,\\nand N. F. Choate, Cashier. All three of these officers\\nhave remained in place since 1869, and not a dollar s\\nworth of stock has changed hands. The amount of\\ncapital is $.50,000.\\nC. T. Lee began the business of a broker in 1867,\\nand opened an exchange bank in 18^5, which he still\\ncarries on.\\nMANUFACTURINCi.\\nThe most important mechanical industry carried on\\nin Dowagiac, and for that matter in Cass County, is\\nthe foundry of P. D. Beckwith, at which is manufact-\\nured the round oak stove and the roller drill. Mr.\\nBeckwith came to Dowagiac in 1854 from Niles (he\\nhad become a resident of the State ten years before)?\\nand started a small foundry in which he cast plows,\\nrepaired mill machinery and did a variety of light\\nwork. He employed only one man at first, but he\\nsteadily enlarged his business, until after a period of\\nfifteen years he had perhaps ten men engaged in fill-\\ning his miscellaneous orders. He at first occupied a\\nsmall building opposite the Continental Hotel, removed\\nin 1858 to the spot where the Warner Drill Works\\nare now located, and ten years later bought two acres\\nof the land which he now owns, southeast of the rail-\\nroad, and built two large brick buildings, which form\\na portion of his present manufactory. From time to\\ntime he has purchased more land and erected addi-\\ntional buildings, and he now has six, which are fully\\noccupied either as work rooms or store houses. The\\ngreatest increase in the business has been made since\\n1876. Up to 1870, there was a very slow and even\\nprogression in Mr. Beckwith s property, but in that\\nyear he came very near being ruined by the deprecia-\\ntion of values and the general stagnation of business.\\nIn the years intervening between 1870 and 1876, he\\nhad all he could do to hold his own and pull through\\na veritable slough of despond. In 1876, however, he\\nfelt solid ground beneath his feet, and his success\\nsince then has been phenomenal. IJe now gives em\\nployment to about sixty men, and his foundry is run\\nat its fullest capacity the year round. The round\\ni oak stove, which is the principal article manufactured,\\nwas patented by Mr. Beckwith in the fall of 1870,\\nand an apparatus, or appliance, for coal burning, in-\\nvented in 1880, which is now manufactured exten-\\nsively. Mr. Beckwith has also manufactured for marty\\ni years the roller grain drill, and latterly F. E. Loe\\nhas been associated with him in this department of\\nthe business. This drill was first designed and\\npatented by John S. Gage, of Wayne 1 wnship. Ile-\\ni made a rude machine for himself, and veral for his\\nneighbors. When Mr. Beckwith bough an interest\\nin it, he improved, perfected and again patented it,\\nand introduced it to the Northwestern States.\\nOne of the most interesting features in the manu-\\nfacturing interests of Dowagiac, commencing as far\\nback as 1857, and running up to a late period, was\\nwhat was popularly known as the Basket Factory.\\nBasket-making was first introduced here by Mr. H. C.\\nJones, who removed to this place from New Hamp-\\nshire in 1857. He was assisted by his brother, G. C.\\ni Jones, whobecame with him interested in the business.\\nBasket-making began in a very small way. First the\\nold-fashioned splint basket was made, and only a few\\ndozen at first, because it was uncertain whether they\\nwould sell, so as to furnish a profit then more were\\nmade and still more, a ready sale being found for all\\nthat could be manufactured under the very slow and\\ntedious process of making by hand, this mode of\\nmanufacture continued up to 1S62 when a steam\\nI engine was procured and an entire new style of basket\\nwas made, the one commonly known as the stave\\nbasket. The manufacture of this basket was pro-\\ntected by patents, one of which was held by parties\\nat Milwaukee, Wis., who set up the claim of infringe-\\ni ment, and, after much vexation of spirit, the Milwau-\\nkee folks were appeased by Dowagiac paying them the\\nnice little sura of $6,000. A party i the northeast\\npart of this State also cried infringer-ent it took just\\n$1,000 to settle him. The business kept steadily\\nincreasing; more men and more machinery were\\ndemanded patents, one after another were secured\\nat great expense. Lawyers were employed, not only\\nhere but in Chicago and in the city of Washington,\\nto whom large sums of money were paid still the\\nbusiness went on increasing month by month and\\nyear by year thirty-four patents in all were secured\\nduring the space of fifteen years. The business now\\nhad become very large. Canvassers were sent all", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthrough the Western States, likewise into Canada, also\\ninto New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania.\\n100,000 feet of lumber were now being consumed\\nyearly the works were enlarged and gave employ-\\nment to forty or fifty men besides a large number of\\nboys. In the spring of 1878, a sale was made to\\none Fiska, of patents, machinery, good-will every-\\nthing the company had, and he removed the manu-\\nfactory to jQhicagQ.\\nThe manufacture of the Warner shoe grain-drill\\nand the spring^ootbed harrow and cultivator com-\\nbined is and has been a large business in Dowagiac.\\nThe shoe drill was patented February 5, 1867, by\\nWilliam Tuttle and S. H. Wheeler, in Decatur.\\nChoffell Brothers began to manufacture them upon a\\nroyalty in Dowagiac in 1868. Their factory was\\nburned out in 1872, with the exception of the mold-\\ning room.\\nThe business soon came into the hands of\\nJ. P. Warner Co. (Tobias Byers), by whom the\\nbusiness has since been carried on until the fall of\\n1881. Of late the principal manufacture has been\\nthat of the spring-tooth harrow, an implement on\\nwheels that does the work of a cultivator and seeder\\ncombined, and can be used either with one or two\\nhorses. This was invented and patented in 1880, by\\nJ. P. Warner. In November, 1881, a stock company\\nwith $50,000 capital, was formed for the manufacture\\nof the harrow and shoe grain-drill the first stock\\ncompany in the county organized to carry on manu-\\nfacturing. The company has erected new buildings\\nand designs to push its business vigorously. The com-\\npany is officered as follows M. E. Morse, Presi-\\ndent C. W. Vrooman, Vice President R. F. Kel-\\nlogg, Secretary D. Lyle, Treasurer; J. P. Warner,\\nSuperintendent of Works.\\nColby s two mills do a thriving business. What\\nis known as the Upper Mill, located on the west\\nline of the corporation, is the old Spalding Mill, which\\nhas been elsewhere spoken of. It is now called\\nthe Crown Mill, and has been since 1868, when H.\\nF. Colby purchased it of E. H. Spalding and rebuilt\\nit. It contains three runs of stones and turns out from\\nsix CO eight thousand barrels of flour per year. It is\\nconducted as an exchange or custom mill. What is\\nknown as Colby s Lower Mill wsis built by G. A. Colby\\nin 1857, and after passing through various owner-\\nships, came, in 1879, into the hands of H. F. Colby\\nand H. S. Buskirk, who rebuilt and still operate it.\\nIt contains five run of stones, rolls, grinders, purifiers,\\netc., of the most improved design, and is run as a\\nmerchant mill. About twenty-five thousand barrels\\nof flour are manufactured per annum, most of which\\nis shipped direct to special customers in New York\\nand New England. A cooper shop is carried on in\\nconnection with this mill in which are made all of the\\nbarrels used by the Messrs. Colby Buskirk.\\nThe planing-mill and sash and door factory of\\nMark Judd is an establishment of considerable impor-\\ntance. It was built in 1860, by Ashley, Kays Co.,\\nand has successively been the property of Kays\\nJudd, Judd Cady, Judd Harwood, and, since 1872,\\nof Mr. Judd alone. Another planing-mill is operated\\nby H. Defendorf and H. Armstrong. It was built in\\n1866 by Starrett, Defendorf Mason, and has been\\noperated by its present owners since 1878.\\nThesteam saw-mill, owned by Frederick Hedrick,was\\nbuilt by Reed Van Uxum, in 1860. About the\\nsame time the brewery of Vincent Harder was put in\\noperation. In the same year, Amos Rouse began the\\nmanufacture of chairs in a little factory on the creek\\njust below Dowagiac. He was burned out in 1875,\\nbut did not discontinue the business. Hervey Bige-\\nlow has carried on the manufacture of furniture since\\n18.52.\\nThe first dealer in marble and maker of monuments\\nwas M. Pettingill. He carried on the business in\\nNiles, and his branch shop in Dowagiac was the first\\nin Cass County. It was purchased in IS ^O, by T. J.\\nEdwards, who has, since that time, carried on a large\\nbusiness, and placed many beautiful monuments in\\nthe cemeteries throughout Cass and contiguous coun-\\nties.\\nHOTELS.\\nThe first hotel built in the village was the Dowagiac\\nHouse, which, with a large accumulation of additions,\\nis now the Coiitinental. It was built by A. J. Wares,\\nin 1849. Prior to t le laying-out of the town, James\\nMcOmber had entertained the wayfarer and the\\nstranger at his house, and the Humphrey line of\\nstages stopped there.\\nNicholas Bock built the American House in 184!\\nor the following year, and has since then been its\\nlandlord most of the time.\\nThe Railroad House was kept as early as 1850, by\\nIsaac L. Bull. It was the building on the corner\\nwhere John T. Foster s store now is.\\nThe Exchange Hotel, which stood where Lee s\\nBank and the Post oflBce now are, was built by Mr.\\nTurner and John Rodgers, in 1851.\\nAnother hotel, and one built earlier than that last\\nmentioned was the Cataract House.\\nPOST OFFICE.\\nA post ofiice was established in November, 1848.\\nA. C. Balch was the first Postmaster. He was suc-\\nceeded by M. T. Garvey in July, 1849. During a\\nportion of Mr. Garvey s occupancy of the office,\\nStrawther Bowling was Deputy, and he was the first\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "ht5- i^5\\n^i ^l", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIOtAN.\\n18?\\nman who ever held that position in the village. Noel\\nB. HoUister was appointed Postmaster, vice Garvey,\\nin 1853. Since his time the following persons have\\nserved in the order named, viz. James A. Lee. Will-\\niam H. Campbell, William M. Heazlitt, William H.\\nCampbell, Henry B. Wells, David W. Clemmer artd\\nC. L. Sherwood, the present incumbent. Julius 0.\\nBecraft has been Deputy under Mr. Sherwood s admin-\\nistration of the office.\\nRAILROAD STATION AHENTS BUSINESS.\\nThe agents of the Michigan Central Railroad at\\nDowagiac Station from its establishment to the pres-\\nent have been, in the order named, the following:\\nCharles Wood, William Bannard, Elias Pardee, S. R.\\nWheeler, S. C. Gibbs, Clark .Johnson, R. C. Osborne,\\nJulius 0. Becraft, and W. H. Argabright since 1875.\\nDowagiac is commercially one of the most important\\nstations on the Michigan Central Railroad. Its ship-\\nments have in some years exceeded those of any other\\npoint on the line. The amount of business transacted\\nat this station in 1878, the last year for which the\\nstatistics are available, is set forth in the following\\nFREIGHT FOHWARUED AND RECEIVED. pounds.\\n171 cars flour rf,420,000\\n226 cars grain 4,972,000\\n113 cars stock 4,260,000\\n269 cars lumber 6,380,000\\n15 cars polatoes 300,000\\n3626 barrels apples 543,900\\nWool 70,087\\nMiscellaneous merchandise 1 109,004\\nTotal 20,0- )4,991\\nFreight received 6,788,245\\nTotal amount of freight handled at Dowagiac 26,843,236\\nThere was prepaid at Dowagiac $907 04\\nToUected on freiglit received 12,559 36\\nReceived for tickets 6,053 79\\n19,.520 19\\nCharges on freight forwarded and collected at other\\nstations $24,939 01\\nCharges on freight forwarded and received, including\\nticket sales $44,309 80\\nThe amount of freight handled at Dowagiac in\\n1878 required for its transportation about 880 cars, or\\nthree per day for the entire year.\\nCONOREOATIONAL CHURCH.\\nThe Congregational Church owes its existence to\\nthe action of a force far away. It was organized by\\na missionary sent out by the Connecticut Domestic\\nMissionary Society, to look after the religious welfare\\nof various new settlements in Michigan and the West\\ngenerally. He was in Dowagiac in the early summer\\nof 1849, and through his preaching succeeded in\\narousing a very considerable interest, both among\\nthose who had been church members elsewhere, and\\nthose who had never been identified with a religious\\nbody. In the summer of the year following, it was\\ndecided to effect an organization. This was accom-\\nplished at a meeting held July 0, at the house of\\nPatrick Hamilton. The missionary, to whom allusion\\nhas been made, the Rev. S. S. Brown, presided, and\\nwitnessed with satisfaction the results of his labors.\\nOf about a dozen members who composed this church,\\nthe last resident in the village was Deacon Milton\\nHull. We have a record of the Trustees elected\\nJune 16, 1851, nearly a year after the church came\\ninto being, which shows the following names, doubt-\\nless of those who were leading members of the society,\\nviz., H. C. Hills, Hervey Bigelow, L. R. Raymond,\\nJ, S. Becraft, Gilman C. Jones, Patrick Hamilton,\\nMilton Hull, Asa Dow and N. B. Hollister. Of the\\nabove list, Hervey Bigelow is the only one now iden-\\ntified with the church.\\nThe first persons received into the church after its\\norganization were William K. Palmer and wife, and\\nthe wife of Deacon Hull. All three are still living,\\nand connected with the church, although Mrs. Hull\\nhas not been a resident of Dowagiac for the past year.\\nNext to these three Hervey Bigelow is the oldest\\nmember of the organization.\\nThe first death among the members of the Congre-\\ngational Church was that of Mrs. Pamelia Hamilton,\\nsecond wife of Patrick Hamilton, which occurred\\nMay 1, 1851.\\nShortly after the organization of the church, the\\nRev. Thomas Jones became its pastor, Rev. Mr.\\nBrown having no intention of remaining in that\\ncapacity, but going on to other fields of labor as rep-\\nresentative of the Missionary Society. The first\\npastor was followed by a succession of ministers, in\\nthe order here given, viz.: L. F. Waldo, N. H.\\nBarnes, T. C. Hill, T. W. Jones, H. Cherry, E. H.\\nRice, D. W. Comstock, E. F. Strickland, H. H.\\nMorgan, A. S. Kedzie and 0. H. Spoor. Mr. Jones,\\nhowever, served a second term as pastor, and Rev. T.\\nW. Jones was also twice in charge of the flock. The\\npulpit has at various times been vacant, as it is at the\\npresent writing.\\nThe first Deacons of the church were Milton Hull\\nand Edward Cowles. These have been followed by\\nDeacons Patrick Hamilton, Levi Kerkham, B. F.\\nMonroe, George Bassett. Leonard Whitney, Hervey\\nBigelow, T. T. Stebbins, A. W. Bu.slmell and A.\\nGraham.\\nA Sunday .school was organized in 1860, which\\n.soon became and has ever since been a very flourish-\\ning adjunct of the church. Its first Superintendent\\nwas Deacon Milton Hull. L. Whitney was his sue-", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncessor. The others have been Richard Stebbins, H.\\nF. Colby and Hervey Bigelow, who at present fills\\nthe oflSce.\\nThe first place of meeting of the Congregational\\nSociety, other than Patrick Hamilton s house, was\\nthe old schoolhouse, which stood on the ground now\\noccupied by the Methodist Church. Subsequently,\\nmeetings were held in the Methodist Church and\\nother places until the spring of 1856, when the\\nstructure now in use by the Congregational ists was\\nfinished and dedicated.\\nTHE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nThe name Dowagiac does not appear in the pub-\\nlished records of the Methodist Church until about\\nthe year 1852. But that does not say that Method-\\nism was not introduced into the town until that year.\\nThe Rev. Richard C. Meek preached the first sermon\\nin the city in the Cataract House and afterward in\\nthe Railroad House. Mr. Meek was one of the pioneers\\nof Methodism in this part of the State and did much\\nservice. As early as 1841, he preached at Center-\\nville. In the year 1843, he was appointed to Prairie\\nRonde Circuit, and in 1844 to Buchanan. The\\nofficial records of the Dowagiac Church show that it\\nwas included in a wide circuit, the Stewards being as\\nfollows Franklin Brownell, Sumnerville John\\nEmmons, Peavine James Boyd, Cassopolis Peter\\nTietsort, Wayne Dolphin Morris, Little Prairie\\nRonde Joseph Spencer, North Wayne^, Charles T.\\nTucker, Decatur. The work was sustained previous\\nto the regular conference appointees by the following\\nlay preachers Harvey Barker, L. D., Porter Milo\\nConey, L. D., Indian Lake Robert Watson, L. D.,\\nCalifornia John Byron, Sumnerville W. L. Jak-\\nways, Brooklyn Philo Simons, La Grange. The\\nterritory was thus mapped out before the village of\\nDowagiac was laid out, which was in the year 1845.\\nAs near as we can ascertain, Mr. Meek preached at\\nthis place in the year 1849, and at that time organized\\nthe church by instituting a class meeting, though\\nbefore that the area of the village was traversed as\\nearly probably as 1843 by the circuit preachers, from\\nPrairie Ronde orSilver Creek. In 1850, it was known\\nas the Wayne Circuit, the Rev. George King, pastor.\\nIn 1851, Rev. L. W. Earl was Pastor of Wayne Cir-\\ncuit. The next year the name was changed to Do-\\nwagiac, which, because of its growth, became the\\nhead of the circuit. Rev. Robert Watson, L. D.,\\nwas the first resident supply. As a lay preacher, Mr.\\nWatson resided in the vicinity. The community\\nlamented the death of this venerable minister in the\\nyear 1881. The first class leader was Strawther\\nBowling.\\nThe following _ ministers have indirect succession\\nbeen appointed pastors Revs. T. H. Jacokes, 1853;\\nT. H. Bignett, 1854; I. W. Robinson, 1855-56 E.\\nHouse, 1858; E. H. Day, 1859-60; H. Worthing-\\nton, 1861-64; J. I. Buell, 1864-65; S. C. Wood-\\nward, 1865-66 Levi Tarr, 1866-67 G. C. Elliott,\\n1868; V. G. Boynton and G. D. Lee, 1869-70; N.\\nL. Brockway, 1871-72 I. B. Tallmau, 1874-76\\nD. D. Gellett, 1876-77; A. Rolfe, 1877-78; T. H.\\nJacokes, 1878-79 H. Worthington, 1879-81. The\\npresent incumbent is Rev. W. H. Thompson. The\\nfirst trustees were appointed in 1852, by Rev. L. W.\\nEarl, Strawther Bowling, Aaron Henwood, Robert\\nWatson, Samuel Bell, Benjamin Bell, John Huff Eli\\nBeach. In 1856, the following were appointed I.\\nS. Becraft, H. Harwood, Daniel Bates, Philo 1).\\nBeckwith, James H. Lee, William R. Sturges, John\\nHawkes.\\nThe trustees at present are Daniel Lyle, Peter\\nHardy, William Griswold, H. S. McMaster and\\nSamuel Johnson. The present substantial house of\\nworship was built in 1859, under the labors of the\\nRev. E. H. Day, now pastor at Cadillac. The society\\nis in a prosperous condition the Sunday school is a\\nvery interesting feature of the work. Mr. ferry\\nCurtis is Superintendent Miss Myra Starkes, Secre-\\ntary. A new library of interesting books has been\\nrecently added; Mrs. Byrns is Librarian. The offi-\\ncers of the church at present are Daniel Lyle, Jacob\\nSturr, W. Griswold, H. S. McMaster, W. B. Nichols,\\nC. S. Rouse, Charles Northrup, 0. B. Peck, Perry\\nCurtis. The ladies have recently added a new pulpit\\nset to the furniture of the church and take an active\\ninterest in making the house tasteful and attractive.\\nDowagiac Station grew out of the circuit system and\\nfrom the commencement, by the peculiar itinerant\\nsystem, has had its pulpit supplied without intermis-\\nsion except for two months of 1881, when the la-\\nmented Henry Worthington, who was for the second\\ntime serving the church, was suddenly stricken down\\nwith paralysis. His death occurring two months before\\nconference, the pulpit was vacant for that period. Mr.\\nWorthington was beloved by all who knew him, and\\nas one of the early, active ministers of tlie State, was\\nquite generally known, and very highly esteemed for\\nhis many amiable qualities. His funeral called forth\\na very general mourning in the community. He\\nwas one of those ministers whose names had become\\nassociated with the history of the State.\\nTHE BAPTIST CHURCH.\\nIn the summer of 1851, a Baptist Church was\\norganized under the labors of the Rev. S. H. D.\\nVaughn. The early records of the church having been\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "PyVTF^IChC \\\\^/^fA\\\\LJ0]4.\\nPATRICK HAMILTON.\\nPatrick Hamilton, one of the founders of Dowagiac,\\nand a good man whose name is frequently mentioned\\nin its history, was born July 29, 1794, in the town of\\nStockbridge, Berkshire Co., Mass. His first settle-\\nment in Michigan was in Lenawee County, on the\\nsite of the present city of Adrian, in the year 1825.\\nHe came to Cass County in 1835, and settled on lands\\nin Silver Creek Township, now in the corporate limits\\nof Dowagiac, where he resided until his death, which\\noccurred August 27, 1870, carrying on until not far\\nfrom that time the avocation of farming. He was a\\nman of much energy and force of character, positive\\nand clear in his views, and of excellent judgment. He\\ndid much to aid and build up the village, which in\\npart he laid out. He was first married to Rosanah\\nPerry, at Lockport, N. Y., May 6, 1824. She died\\nSeptember 10, 1843, in Silver Creek Township. His\\nsecond marriage was to Pamelia xray, June 2, 1844.\\nHer death occurreil May 1, 1851, and in the following\\nyear, December 25, he was united with Mrs. Lovinia\\nTaylor. She died September 5, 1867, and Mr. Ham-\\nilton took as his fourth wife, October 1, 1868, Mrs.\\nMary Haight, who still survives. Mr. Hamilton was\\nthe father of four children, all by his second wife, two\\nsons and two daughters. One son and one daughter\\nstill survive, both of whom live in Dowagiac.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ndestroyed it is impossible to give a full history of this\\norganization.\\nIt is remembered that Bruce McConnell and\\nwife, Isaac Cross and wife and Archibald Jewell\\nwere among the original members. The first Trust-\\nees, as given in the county records, were I. S.\\nBecraft Daniel M. Heazlett, Archibald Jewell, A. H.\\nReed, E. Ballenge, Jacob Allen, Simeon E. Dow, Isaac\\nCross and Hendrick B. Miller. A house of worship\\nwas begun in the summer, when the church was formed,\\nand completed in 1852. The Rev. L. H. D. Vaughn\\nwas the first pastor and continued to serve the church\\nuntil 1861. His successors have been the Revs. But-\\nler, Waldron, Van Buren, Portman, Dean, Barnes,\\nReed, McKendrick, C. D. Gregory, Ithmar Chapman,\\nand the present incumbent, Rev. E. D. Rundell.\\nThe church has now a membership of about sixty and\\nhas had as many as 150 communicants. During Mr.\\nVaughn s pastorate there was a notable revival which\\ngave the church great strength.\\ndisciples church.\\nThe Disciples Church was organized under the\\npreaching of Elder William M. Roe, upon the 27th of\\nMay, 1875. Following are the names of the original\\nmembers James Finley, Eunice Finley, Jasper P.\\nWarner, Urilla Warner, Samuel Ingling, Jane D.\\nIngling, Uriah F. Ingling (died July 5, 1881),\\nAmelia G. Suits, Charles Smith, Frances Smith,\\nKate E. Brunner, Sarah Wixan, Thomas J. Caster-\\nline, Rachel M. Casterline, Theodore T. Winchell,\\nLouisa M. Winchell, Elias M. Ingling, Rachel Ing-\\nling, Mary Stoff, Lambert B. Dewey, Amy Dewy,\\nEliza Clark, Jennie Buckley (died December 16,\\n1876), Charles Gardner, Mary Miller and Reason\\nWilliams.\\nThe first Elders chosen were Jonas Finley and Lam-\\nbert B. Dewey the first Deacons, Jasper P. Warner\\nand Samuel Ingling. On the organization of the\\nchurch, Uriah F. Ingling was chosen Clerk, and he\\nserved in that capacity until his death.\\nThe pastors who have served the church from its\\norigin to the present, have been Revs. Elias Sias,\\nGeorge Clendening and William M. Roe.\\nThe year after its organization the society built, at\\nan expense of about $3,000, its present tasteful house\\nof worship.\\nUNIVERSALISM.\\nOrganized Universalism had no existence in Dowa-\\ngiac previous to the fall of 1858, although occasional\\nmeetings had been held by the friends of that faith\\nfor two or three years before that time.\\nA series of meetings of a deeply religious character,\\nconducted by Rev. Justus Gage and Rev. D. P.\\nLivermore, in the fall of 1828, culminated in the fol-\\nlowing action\\nWe the undersigned do hereby associate ourselves\\ntogether for the purpose of forming a religious society,\\nto be known and designated as the first Universalist\\nSociety of the village of Dowagiac for the purpose of\\ncorrect Biblical instruction; and for moral, religious\\nand social improvement. In witness whereof we have\\nhereunto set our hands this 18th day of December,\\nA. D., 1858 Justus Gage, C. P. Prindle, Mrs. A.\\nS. Prindle, W. P. Bucklin, Mrs. Mary Ann Bucklin,\\nGideon S. Wilbur, G. C. Jones, Azro Jones and sixty\\nothers.\\nThe Trustees were elected on the 5th day of Janu-\\nary following, and consisted of the following named\\npersons: Justus Gage, D. M. Heazlitt, Gideon S.\\nWilbur, Joel II. Smith, J. S. Gage, Gilman C. Jones.\\nThe first meeting of the Trustees was held at the\\noffice of Justus Gage, on the 10th day of January,\\n1859, and organized by the election of Daniel M.\\nHeazlit, Chairman Justus Gage, Clerk and G. C.\\nJones, Treasurer.\\nAt this meeting, measures were inagurated looking\\nto the establishment of regular preaching, and like-\\nwise for the erection of a church building for the ac-\\ncommodation of the rapidly growing society. The\\nefforts put forth by the society in support of the recom-\\nmendation of its trustees were crowned with entire\\nsuccess during the year 1859. A minister had been\\nsettled, the church had been built and dedicated, a\\nwoman s aid society had been inaugurated, a Sabbath\\nschool formed, and the society was actively at work in\\nall its departments, and a bright future loomed up in\\nthe distance.\\nA committee had been chosen for the purpose of\\nsubmitting a form of a church organization, and, on\\nNovember 20, 1859, they reported one which was\\nadopted, and of which the following is a part\\nARTICLE I NAMK AND OOVERNMENT.\\nThis church shall be culled the First Universalist Church of\\nDowagiac, its fo.-m of government shall be Congregational, and it\\nshall consist of all those who unite together in its covenants of\\nfaith in Jesus Christ as the son of God and of obedience to His\\nGospel.\\nAKTIOI.E II FAITH.\\nIts only profession of faith shall be the simple declaration of\\nthe primitive Christians: I believe that .lesus Christ is the Son\\nof God and the Savior of the world that God is the common\\nFather of the whole human rac3, and that all mankind are\\nbrethren, sharinc with us the love of God and entitled to our\\nlove and fraternal regards, and that ultimately all shall by the\\ngrace of God through Christ attain to conditions of holiness and\\nhappiness.\\nIn respect to these and all other moral and spiritual truths,\\ncontained in the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures, there shall be\\nentire freedom of interpretation and private judgment, according\\nto the understanding and private judgment of the believer.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "190\\nHI8T0RY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nARTICLE III WORKS.\\nWorks of justice, mercy and truth, obedience to the mora\\nlaw and the precepts of the Gnspel the formation of a Christ-\\nlike character the spread of Christianity and the salvation of our\\nfellow-man shall be considered the objects for which this church\\nexists; the preaching of the Gospel the assembling ourselves\\ntogether for worship the observance of Christian rites and the\\npractice of Christian duties being regarded as means thereto.\\nIn this view, it is expected that the members of this church\\nwill be faithful to their opportunities, doing good to their fellow,\\nmen, relieving the poor, the injured and oppressed according to\\ntheir abilities, doing justly, loving mercy and walking humbly\\nbefore God that they will take an interest in the welfare of the\\nchurch, and in its meetings for conference and prayer, and for\\nsocial, moral and religious improvement, and that they will\\nengage with a hearty Christian zeal in every good word and work.\\nARTICLE IV CHURCH MEMBERSHIP.\\nWhen any persons wish to become members of this church\\nthey may do so by signifying their desire to the pastor or either\\nof the church Deacons, and if there be no objection to their\\nmoral and religious character by signifying the following cove-\\nnant in the book of church records, or in the records of the pas-\\ntor. But if there be objection, all further proceedings shall be\\nsuspended until such objections shall have been fully examined\\nby a committee of three members, appointed by the pastor (or\\nminister for the time being), and a report made therson that said\\nobjections have been satisfactorily explained or removed.\\nOn January 4, 1860, the church was dedicated\\naccording to the usual custom of the denomination.\\nRevs. D. P. Livermore, Otis A. Skinner. and A. G.\\nHibbard assisted in the services of the dedication.\\nThe following-named ministers have been pastors\\nof the society in the order in which they are named\\nA. G. Hibbard, Jacob Straub, A. W. Bruce, Asa\\nCountryman, Harvey Hersey, A. G. Harmon, Henry\\nSlade, I. S. Fall and N. T. Glover.\\nThe Universalists of Dowagiac owe very much to\\nJustus Gage for his zeal, energy and good manage-\\nment of matters pertaining to the society and church\\nand also for his deep interest in and sacrifices for the\\nSunday school.\\nThe church building just at present presents a\\nrough exterior, needing paint badly. But inside it is\\nvery comfortable and quite pretty. The names of the\\npresent Board of Trustees are as follows President,\\nG. C. Jones; Clerk, Hiram Bowling; Treasurer;\\nC. T. Lee; Trustees, P. D. Beck with, Richard Heddon,\\nGideon Gibbs.\\nROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH.\\nIn 1872, the Roman Catholics of Dowagiac erected\\na small but substantial and neat house of worship,\\nwhich is now known as the Church of the Holy\\nMaternity. It was dedicated August 30, 1876, by\\nBishop C. H. Borgess, D. D., of Detroit. Father\\nJohn Cappou, of Niles, was the first priest who\\nadministered to the spiritual needs of the society and\\nhe was succeeded in January, 1877, by Father\\nChristopher J. Roeper, of the Silver Creek Mission.\\nThe church has about fifty members, among whom are\\ntwo Indian families.\\nPUBLIC SCHOOLS OF DOWAGIAC*\\nThere is not a scrap of record of the Dowagiac\\nschools or of the School Board back of 1867, the\\nschool records and board records either having been\\neither destroyed in the fire of 1\u00c2\u00bb61, or otherwise lost.\\nAs the files of the local papers up to a still more recent\\ndate are missing, the history of the schools and the\\nlists of school officers are necessarily fragmentary.\\nThe following history is as accurate and as complete\\nas we have been able to make it, with the resources\\nat hand.\\nThe first schoolhouse ever erected within the limits\\nof the present city of Dowagiac was a log edifice\\nrudely constructed of oak logs, within what was known\\nas the old cemetery, land then owned by Patrick\\nHamilton. This was built about the year 1840 or\\n1841. The first teacher who taught here was a Miss\\nHannah Compton, afterward Mrs. Elias Jewell, long\\nsince deceased. Tradition says that she was a good\\nteacher, and spared not the rod, as D. M. and Jay\\nMcOmber, and Emmett Hamilton may testify. One\\nother teacher who taught here was a Miss Melvina\\nEdmunds, of Sumnerville.\\nBut few terms of school, however, were taught in\\nthis primitive schoolhouse. Dissatisfaction arose in\\nregard to the morals of the pupils, some insisting that\\npublic schools bred rascality and immorality rather\\nthan virtue, withdrew their children until the school\\nwas broken up.\\nWhen this school was finally closed, some of the\\npupils went to the school kept in the then new small\\nframe schoolhouse in Wayne Township, just outside the\\npresent city limits, and known as No. 9. Others at-\\ntended a select school started by Mrs. Henry C. Hills,\\nthen living on the farm in Silver Creek, now owned\\nby William Moore, a half mile from the city limits.\\nHer sister. Miss Cheesborough, attended to iier house-\\nhold and domestic affairs while .she kept the school.\\nThe log schoolhouse, a few years after, was pulled\\ndown, and reconstructed in another place by Patrick\\nHamilton, to serve as a barn for a number of years\\nthereafter.\\nFrom the time the village began its growth in 1847,\\nuntil the next schoolhouse was constructed in 1850,\\nselect schools were kept in two or more places. A\\nMiss Copley taught one of them in what was known\\nas the Cataract House (now standing on the\\nStoff place, a part serving still as a dwelling house\\nThe hiatory of the achoola has bfen chiefly cumpilod by H. S. McMaater,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nand the rest as a barn, on the back part of the lot)\\nanother was taught in 1854 and 1856, by a Miss\\nMary Buell, in the house now owned by Miss Harriett\\nBeckwith, just west of the Baptist church.\\nIn 1850, a small one-story frame schoolhouse was\\nbuilt on the ground now occupied by the First Meth-\\nodist Episcopal Church.\\nAt first and for a number of terms only one teacher\\nwas employed, but as the town grew and the number\\nof pupils increased, it became necessary to employ\\ntwo teachers, especially for the winter term.\\nAmong the many teachers employed in this build-\\ning we have learned the names of a few, which we give\\nas follows, without attempting to place them in any\\norder, as that is impossible from the data we have\\nMrs. Dr. Keables, now of Decatur, Mich.; Mr. Van\\nBuren, now of Galesburg, Mich.; Mr. Orrin T. Welch\\nand Miss Abbie Simmons, afterward Mrs. O. T. Welch,\\nnow of Topeka, Kan., taught together. Miss Louisa\\nFuller, now Mrs. Turner J. Tuttle, of Kansas Miss\\nNellie Thomas, now Mrs. F. J. Atwell, of Dowagiac.\\nThe last teachers employed together were Miss Lucinda\\nHotchkiss, of Niles, and Miss Anna Lee (now deceased),\\ndaughter of J. A. Lee. In 1858 or 1859, this old school\\nproperty was sold to the Methodist society, and\\nthe building moved to its present site on New York\\nstreet, near the Harwood property, where it may now\\nbe seen well propped up to keep the wind from blowing\\nit down.\\nIn 1856, a two-story frame schoolhouse was built,\\nand in it was organized the graded school in the fall\\nof the same year, by Prof. H. S. Jones, now Superin-\\ntendent of the public schools of the city of Erie, Penn.\\nHe had at first three assistants, two of whom were his\\nsisters. Prof. Jones was followed in the fall of 1858\\nby Prof. Munson, who was assisted by a Miss Jones,\\nsister of Prof. H. S. Jones, and two other lady teachers,\\nwhose names we are not able to learn. Prof. Munson\\nremained but one year, and was followed by Prof.\\nWells in the fall of 1859. School had been in session\\nbut a week or two, when the building took fire upon a\\nFriday evening and burned down. In 1861, the pres-\\nent fine brick Union School building was constructed\\nupon the same site, the builder being Joel H. Smith.\\nIn the meantime, the school for nearly two years occu-\\npied temporary quarters in various buildings. One\\ndepartment (High School) was in the Reshore build-\\ning, afterward burned, where now stand Mrs. Reshore s\\nstore building. The Intermediate was in Mr. Daniels\\ncooper-shop, which was the old schoolhouse on New\\nYork street; this was kept the second year (1860-61)\\nby the Misses McArthur, one of whom is now Mrs.\\nD. M. McOmber, and the other Mrs. W. P. Stock-\\ning. The Primary Department was kept on the south\\nside of Commercial street, in a building occupied for\\nmany years by the post office, and afterward burned\\ndown. Another department was taught on Front\\nstreet, in a building that stood where now stands the\\nresidence of James At wood. This was taught by the\\nlady who is now Mrs. Fayette Atwood.\\nProf. Wells remained two years, and was followed\\nby Prof. J. A. Banfield, of Ohio, who organized the\\nUnion School in the new brick building in the fall of\\n1861.\\nIn 1864, the Ward School building, standing in the\\nThird Ward of the city, was built by George Spencer.\\nThe cost of the main school building was $7,000,\\nand of the Ward building about $5,000.\\nUnder the old pro rata school system the following\\ngentlemen served as trustees at different periods, viz.\\nG. C. Jones, Ira Starkweather, Dr. L. R. Raymond,\\nHenry C. Hills, Daniel M. Heazlitt, I. S. Becraft,\\nR. C. Denison and Joel H. Smith. The board of\\nthree trustees at the time the first union school build-\\ning was projected in 1856, consisted of Messrs. Den-\\nison, Starkweather and Smith. Mr. Denison re-\\nsigned his position to build the schoolhouse, and W.\\nK. Palmer was elected to fill the vacancy.\\nAs has been already said, many of the books con-\\ntaining the records of the Dowagiac schools are miss-\\ning. It is, therefore, difficult to present full and per-\\nfect lists of trustees and instructors for all of the years\\nbut the following is believed to be essentially correct\\nfor the period extending from 1861 to 1868. For\\nthe years from 1861 to 1868, we present the names of\\nthe two new members elected each year\\n1861\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Daniel Lyle, Justus Gage.\\n1862\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Enos H. Rice, Gideon Gibbs.\\n1863\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Daniel Larzelere, H. F. Colby.\\n1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Justus Gage, D. Lyle.\\n1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Jacob J. Van Riper, P. D. Beckwith.\\n1866\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Joel H. Smith, B. L. Van Buren.\\n1867 D. Lyle, Azro Jones.\\nThe records being perfect from 1868 to 1881, we\\nare enabled to present the full lists of members of the\\nboard for the years embraced in that period. They\\nare as follows\\n1868\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, Joel H. Smith, B. L. Van Buren\\ntwo years, Daniel Lyle, Azro Jones three years, P.\\nD. Beckwith, G. D. Jones. Officers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Moderator, P. D.\\nBeckwith; Director, Joel H. Smith; Treasurer, Daniel\\nLyle.\\n1869 One year, Daniel Lyle, Azro Jones two\\nyears, P. D. Beckwith, G. D. Jones three years,\\nJoel H. Smith, William K. Palmer. Officers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mode-\\nrator, P. D. Beckwith Director, Joel H. Smith\\nTreasurer, Daniel Lyle.\\n1870\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, P. D. Beckwith, G. D. Jones", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "HI8T0KY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntwo years, Joel H. Smith, William K. Palmer three\\nyears, Daniel Lyle, Azi-o Jones. Officers Modera-\\ntor, P. D. Beckwith, Director, Joel H. Smith Treas-\\nurer, Daniel Lyle.\\n1871\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, Joel H. Smith, William K. Pal-\\nmer two years, Daniel Lyle, Azro Jones three\\nyears, Thaddeus Hampton, Henry B. Wells. Officers\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Moderator, H. B. Wells; Director, J. H. Smith;\\nTreasurer, Daniel Lyle.\\n1872 One year, Daniel Lyle, Azro Jones two\\nyears, Thaddeus Hampton, H. B. Wells; three years.\\nFreeman J. Atwell, William K. Palmer. Officers\\nModerator, H. B. Wells; Director, Thaddeus Hamp-\\nton Treasurer, Daniel Lyle.\\n1873\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, Thaddeus Hampton, H. B. Wells,\\ntwo years, F. J. Atwell, William K. Palmer three\\nyears, Justus Gage, D. Lyle. Officers Moderator,\\nH. B. Wells Director, T. Hampton Treasurer,\\nDaniel Lyle.\\n1874\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, F. J. Atwell, William K. Palmer;\\ntwo years, J. Coney, Daniel Lyle three years, Mrs.\\nM. L. Foster, Mrs. A. Reshore. Officers Modera-\\ntor, William K. Palmer Director, F. J. Atwell\\nTreasurer, D. Lyle.\\n1875 One year, J. Coney, D. Lyle two years,\\nMrs. M. L. Foster, Mrs. A. Reshore three years,\\nWilliam K. Palmer, Gideon Gibhs. Officers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mod-\\nerator, Gideon Gibbs Director, William K. Palmer\\nTreasurer, D. Lyle.\\n1876\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, Mrs. M. L. Foster, Mrs. A.\\nReshore two years, W. K. Palmer, G. Gibbs threp\\nyears, Cyrus Tuthill, D. Lyle. Officers Moderator,\\nGideon Gibbs; Director, W. K. Palmer; Treasurer,\\nD. Lyle.\\n1877\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, W. K. Palmer, Gideon Gibbs\\ntwo years, Cyrus Tuthill, D. Lyle three years, B.\\nL. Dewey, Thomas W. Adams. Officers Modera-\\ntor, Gideon Gibbs Director, W. K. Palmer Treas-\\nurer, D. Lyle.\\n1878 One year, Cyrus Tutliill, D. Lyle two\\nyears, B. L. Dewey, Thomas W. Adams three\\nyears, W. K. Palmer, Gideon Gibbs. Officers Mod-\\nerator, Gideon Gibbs Director, W. K. Palmer\\nTreasurer, D. Lyle.\\n1879 One year, B. L. Dewey, Thomas W. Adams\\ntwo years, W. K. Palmer, Gideon Gibbs three\\nyears, Daniel Lyle, Hamilton S. McMaster. Officers\\nModerator, Gideon Gibbs Director, W. K.\\nPalmer Treasurer, D. Lyle.\\n1880\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, W. K. Palmer, Gideon Gibbs\\ntwo years, D. Lyle, H. S. McMaster three years,\\nRichard Heddon, B. L. Dewey. Officers Moder-\\nator, Gideon Gibbs Director, W. K. Palmer\\nTreasurer, D. Lyle.\\n1881\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One year, D. Lyle, H. S. McMaster two\\nyears, Richard Heddon, B. L. Dewey three years,\\nGideon Gibbs, Arthur Smith. Officers Moderator,\\nGideon Gibbs Director, H. S. McMaster Treas-\\nurer, D. Lyle.\\nThe Principals or Superintendents of the schools\\nhave been numerous, as the following list will show\\nThe first was Henry S. Jones, who taught during\\n1856 and 1857. He is now Superintendent of the\\nschools of Erie, Penn. Mr. Prince taught during\\nthe fall of 1857 and the greater part of 1858, and\\nwas followed by Mr. Munson, whose term extended\\nfrom 1858 to 1860, and he by Mr. Wells, who taught\\nuntil the fall of 1861. Since that time the following\\ngentlemen have served 1861-62, J. A. Banfield\\n1862-63, J. A. Banfield and C. L. Whitney 1863-67,\\nC. L. Whitney; 1867-68, D. E. Wilbur, Daniel\\nThomas 1868-69, Daniel Thomas, D. P. Simmons\\n1869-70, D. P. Simmons; 1870-71, John C. Magill\\n1871-73, Thomas F. Shields 1873-74, H. M. Fish\\n1874-77, Edwin C. Thompson 1877-80, Cyrus 0.\\nTower; 1880, M. W. Smith.\\nI. 0. 0. F.\\nThe first organization of this order, and, indeed,\\nthe earliest secret society of any kind in the town was\\nthat of Dowagiac Lodge, No. 57, which was instituted\\nSeptember 12, 1851. The organizing officer was G.\\nB. Turner, Deputy Grand Master, and he was assisted\\nby Henry Tietsort, A. Wood, D. A. Clews and L. V.\\nTietsort of Cass County Lodge, No. 21, of Cassopolis.\\nThe charter members, eight in number, were J. W.\\nMaitland, W. G. Wiley, E. Ballengee, D. H. Wagner,\\nE. A. Allen, C. A. Mills, M. L. Pond and K. B.\\nMiller.\\nThe following were the first officers: N. G., J.\\nW. Maitland V. G., K. B. Miller Secretary, W.\\nG. Wiley Treasurer, E. Ballengee Warden, D. H.\\nWagner; Conductor, M. L. Pond.\\nThe lodge owns the hall in which its meetings are\\nheld together with very fine furnishings, regalia, etc.,\\nand is in a prosperous condition.\\nOlive Wreath Encampment, No. 50 (I. 0. 0. F.),\\nwas instituted April 13, 1871, with the following as\\nits charter members, viz. Henry Michael, R. H.\\nWiley, B. E. Coon, J. H. Cullom, N. B. Crawford,\\nW. 0. Van Hise and W. H. Debolt. The institution\\nwas conducted by D. G. Palmer, G. P., and F. S. Day,\\nG. S., assisted by J. H. Hollenbeck and J. McKin-\\nney, from Monitor Encampment of Lawton. The\\nfirst officers elected C. P., Henry Michael H. P.,\\nR. H. Wiley; S. W., N. B. Crawford; Scribe, J. H.\\nCullom Treasurer, W. 0. Van Hise J. W., B. E-\\nCoon J. S., W. H. Debolt.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "ISAAC T. Tl CE\\nISAAC T. TICE.\\nIsaac T. Tice, for many years a resident of Silver\\nCreek Township, was born in Pine Bush, Orange\\nCounty, N. Y., August 2, 1796. His father, Henry\\nTice, was of German birth and parentage and came\\nto this country when a child. But little is known of\\nhis history further than that he was a soldier in the\\nwar of 1812. He reared a family of eleven children,\\nIsaac T. being the seventh son.\\nIsaac was thrown upon his own resources at an\\nearly age, and in his boyhood learned in the bitter\\nschool of experience those lessons of economy and\\nperseverance that afterward became the salient points\\nin his character. He acquired the trade of a black-\\nsmith, which avocation he followed in Orange County\\nuntil 1821, at which time he was married to Miss\\nSarah, a daughter of Samuel Lockwood, one of the\\nesteemed citizens of Pine Bush. Shortly after his\\nmarriage, he removed to New York City. There he\\nfollowed his trade until his removal to Albany in\\n1829, where, for many years, he prosecuted a success-\\nful business in the manufacture of iron doors, railings.\\nbank vaults, locks, etc. About 1844, he purchased\\nof Erastus Corning, of Albany, a large tract of land\\nin Cass and Berrien Counties, to which he removed\\nwith his family in 1851, settling in Silver Creek, near\\nIndian Lake, where he resided until his removal to\\nDowagiac in 1871, where he died in June of the fol-\\nlowing year. Mrs. Tice, who was born in 1803, died\\nin Silver Creek in 1855. She was an estimable\\nwoman, and the mother of ten children Samuel,\\nWilliam, Mary, Almera, Isaac, Joseph, Charles, Mar-\\ngaret, Myron and Susan all but two are now living.\\nIn 1856, Mr. Tice was again married to Sarah A.,\\ndaughter of Moses and Sarah Buncombe, of Van\\nBuren County. She was born in Canada in 1820.\\nBy this marriage there was one son, Talmadge, now-\\nresiding in Dowagiac.\\nMr. Tice was emphatically a man of affairs, and by\\na long life of industry, economy and honorable deal-\\ning accumulated a fine competency. In his religious\\nbelief he was at one time a Presbyterian, but later in\\nlife became an Adventist, in which faith he died.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n193\\nMAf ONIC.\\nThe first Masonic oi-ganization in the town was\\nDowagiac Lodge, No. 10, F. A. M., the organ-\\nization of which was effected January 11, 1855, with\\na small number of members exactly how many or\\nwho they were does not now appear. Following are the\\nnames of the first officers M., A. M. Worden S.\\nW., George Shrackenhast J. W., E. H. Foster;\\nSecretary, D. H. Wagner; Treasurer, S. M. Spencer;\\nS. D., Dickson J. D., P. B. Holmes.\\nKeystone Chapter, No. 36, R. A. M., was organ-\\nized (under a dispensation) November 12, 1864, and\\nthe following-named gentlemen were elected as its\\nfirst officers H. P., I. A. Shingledecker K., James\\nM. Spencer Scribe, Hubbell Warner C. H., A. N.\\nAlward P. S., Henry Tietsort R. A. C, William\\nHouser M. 3d V., Joel Andrews M. 2d V., D. C.\\nMarsh; M. 1st V., H. C. Parker; Sentinel, A. M.\\nAlward.\\nPeninsular Lodge, No. 214, F. A. M., was\\norganized November 19, 1836. The first officers\\nelected were: M., Arthur Smith; S. W., E. 0.\\nAdams J. W., Thomas Shidler Treasurer, Thomas\\nAmbrose; Secretary, Charles Fletcher; S. D., D.\\nW. Clemmer; J. D., C. R. Miller; Tiler, A. H.\\nReed.\\nDowagiac Council, No. 28, was organized January\\n17, 1870, with the election of the following officers,\\nviz.: T. L G. M., Rev. J. Boynton Deputy T. L\\nG. M., E. T. Avery; P. C. 0. W., D. W. Clemmer;\\nTreasurer, R. C. Osborne Recorder, C. L. Sher-\\nwood C. 0. G., George Miller C. 0. W., Charles\\nStarrett; Sentinel, A. H. Reed.\\nANCIENT ORDER OF UNITED WORKMEN.\\nHope Lodge, No. 40, of this order, was organized\\nin Dowagiac March 8, 1878, by George R. Penning-\\nton, of Detroit, with thirty-eight charter members.\\nThe following were elected officers for the first year\\nP. M. W., C. 0. Tower; M. W., E. 0. Adams;\\nForeman, C. L. Sherwood Overseer, A. H. Mason\\nRecorder, C. H. Bigelow Receiver, F. H. Ross\\nFinancier, F. E. Burked Guide, Hiram Scoville\\nI. W., Samuel Ingling; 0. W., William Bedell;\\nMedical Examiner, Dr. H. S. McMaster; Trustees,\\nArthur Smith, Richard Holmes, Imman Andrews.\\nThe lodge has now a membership of about seventy\\npersons.\\nThe object of this order is to furnish a cheap\\nand reliable insurance. The family of any member\\nupon his or her death receives the sum of $2,000.\\nSince the organization of Hope Lodge there have been\\nbut two deaths among its members, those of 0. M.\\nSherwood and U. F. Ingling.\\nKNIGHTS OF HONOR.\\nThe lodge of this order was instituted December 18,\\n1877, with the following charter members, viz. C.\\nL. Sherwood, Dr. Thomas Rix, Dr. H. S. McMaster,\\nA. J. Rouse, E. 0. Adams, T. W. Adams, H. A.\\nFarwell, W. H. Argabright, H. M. Argabright, J. 0.\\nBecraft, Dr. M. 1). Jewell, Thomas J. Rice, Rev.\\nElias Sias, E. B. Jewell, C. F. Clark, A. Thorp, H.\\nD. Bowling, Eli Green, F. M. Sanders, C. H. Chase,\\nDr. W. L. Marr, Dr. E. C Prindle, 0. J. Parker,\\nEdward Wells, P. Oppenheim, G. B. Sullivan, L. A.\\nAndrews. Following are the names of the first offi-\\ncers Dictator, Thomas Rix V. Dictator, M. D.\\nJewell A. Dictator, J. 0. Becraft Reporter, H. D.\\nBowling; F. Reporter, T. W. Adams; Treasurer,\\nH. S. McMaster Chaplain, A. J. Rouse Guide,\\nE. 0. Adams; Guardian, H. A. Farwell; Sentinel,\\nC. F. Clark Past Dictator, C. L. Sherwood Trustees,\\nEli Green, F. M. Sanders and W. H. Argabright.\\nAMERICAN LEGION OF HONOR.\\nDowagiac Council, No. 116, of this order (the first\\norganized in the State) was established March 11,\\n1880, by Henry H. Porter. The following is a list\\nof the charter members Henry H. Porter, William\\nW. Easton, Edward C. Prindle, E. Whitney Jewell,\\nCornelia B. Jewell, Nellie E. Jewell, M. D. Jewell,\\nE. Barlow Jewell, Georgianna Porter, Marion Bowl-\\ning, James E. Clark, Abigail Thompson, M. A. Wheeler,\\nRowena Morton, Constant S. Rouse, Ann Rouse, Susan\\nA. Rouse, Margaret Jarvis, James M. Somers, Jasper\\nP. Warner, Ziralda Warner, Thomas Rix, Hattie Rix,\\nElla E.Clark, C. Fred Clark, Ninrod Monsy, Alma A.\\nEaston, Frank M. Sanders, Hattie C. Sprague, Al-\\nmira Peck, Homer D. Nash, Gilbert I. Peck, Martha\\nR. Farwell, Mary L. Banker, Frank Morton, Jane\\nB. Clark. The first officers elected were P. C,\\nHenry H. Porter C, William W. Easton V. C,\\nJasper P. Warner Orator, Hattie C, Sprague Sec-\\nretary, E. Barald Jewell Treasurer, Thomas Rix\\nCollector, Georgianna Porter Chaplain, E. Whitney\\nJewell Guide. Nellie E. Jewell Warden, James M.\\nSomers Sentry, James E. Clark Medical Examiner,\\nDr. William W. Easton.\\nTHE DOWAGIAC UNION MEDICAL SOCIETY.\\nThe Dowagiac Union Medical Society was organ-\\nized in August, 1871; Dr. C. J. Curtis,* Presi-\\ndent; Dr. A. W. Morse, Vice President; Dr. J. H.\\nWheeler, Secretary aud Treasurer.\\nThe other members were Drs. L. V. Rouse,t\\nP. I. Mulvanc, George W. Fosdick,| H. S. Mc-\\nMaster,* E. B. Weed,t and T. Rix, dentist.\\n\u00e2\u0099\u00a6Eclectic. tHorooopath.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe Society held monthly meetings, and continued\\nthem for a year and a half or more.\\nDuring the winter of 1871 and 1872, there were\\nseveral medical students in Dowagiac. F. Clen-\\ndening, William Morris, E. A. Curtis, Edward\\nGale and Guy S. Mulvane and some others who de-\\nsired to pursue the study of anatomy, as C. J. Green-\\nleaf, the artist, and Drs. T. and John llix, dentists,\\njoined with the students, and, procuring subjects\\nfrom Chicago, dissected three or four. This dissect-\\ning business was carried on quietly evenings, in a\\nbuilding then vacant, on Beeson street. Dr. G. W.\\nFosdick, of the medical society, was instructor or\\ndemonstrator of anatomy, a part of the time.\\nAt times it was difficult to procure the necessary\\ndissecting material, and once when a subject\\nhad been properly prepared, paid for, boxed and\\ndirected to a medical firm in Dowagiac, a curious\\ndrayman intentionally burst it open in the depot in\\nChicago and delivered it over to the police authorities.\\nThis furnished material for many columns of sensa-\\ntional matter for the Chicago dailies. The students\\ndemanded their subject, but without avail. Others\\nhad to be procured, and these were obtained under\\ntribulations by the agents of the Dowagiac students in\\nChicago.\\nThe Union Medical Society was revived and re-or-\\nganized in 1881, with Dr. C. D. Morse as President,\\nDr. H. S. McMaster, Vice President, and Dr. W. W.\\nEaston as Secretary and Treasurer.\\nMonthly meetings are still held, in which papers\\nare read and discussions held upon subjects that are\\nof interest to the profession.\\nThe present officers are Drs. H. S. McMasters,*\\nPresident; William Ketcbam, Vice President; W.\\nW. Easton,* Secretary and Treasurer.\\nThe other members are Drs. C. W. Morse, L. V.\\nRouse,t E. A. Curtis,* E. C. Prindle, J. H. Lud-\\nwig,t and D. W. Forsyth.*\\nTHE LIBERAL LE.4GUE OF DOWAGIAC.\\nThe liberal element of the city associated themselves\\ntogether in an organized form in March, 1870. The\\nfirst meeting was held at the office of Dr. Rix, where\\nConstitution and By-Laws were presented and adopted.\\nThe preamble to the constitution set forth the follow-\\ning objects of organization The objects which the\\nmembers of this society have in view in organizing are\\nin general terms to stimulate free thought and inves-\\ntigation among the people in relation to their civil,\\nreligious and political rights, and encourage the inves-\\ntigation of questions relating to religion, science and\\nreform, and to that end sustain free-thought speakers,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2EclecticB. tHomeojiathn.\\nhold liberal meetings, and circulate liberal, scientific\\nand reformatory papers and periodicals.\\nAbout fifty signed the constitution and articles of\\nassociation, and the following officers were elected\\nPresident, Henry Straub Vice President, Abram\\nFiero; Secretary, C. J. Greenleaf; Treasurer, Mrs.\\nR. Heddon. An Executive Committee, consisted of\\nP. D. Beckwith, James Heddon and Mrs. Abbie\\nKnapp.\\nAs the organization progressed, lecturers were pro-\\ncured, a library was formed, meetings were held each\\nSunday, when questions of general interest were dis-\\ncussed, essays, poems and selections read. Occasion-\\nally, miscellaneous meetings were held where any\\nmember read whatever they thought would be accept-\\nable, or spoke on any subject they wished. The pres-\\nent officers are President, R. Heddon Vice Presi-\\ndent, T. J. Foster Secretary, Dr. Thomas Rix.\\nTHE ladies library ASSOCIATION.\\nFor several years the need of a public library was\\nfelt by the citizens, which culminated in a meeting\\nheld at Young Men s Hall in the city of Dowagiac,\\nApril 9, 1872. A Constitution and By-Laws were\\npresented and adopted, which provided for the election\\nof a board of nine Directors, three members of said\\nboard to be elected each succeeding year.\\nThe following Board of Directors were elected at\\nthis meeting Mrs. G. C. Jones, Mrs. Samuel John-\\nson, Mrs. F. J. Atwell, Mrs. W. K. Palmer, Mrs. S.\\nTryon, Mrs Dr. Mulvane, Mrs. E. C. Chappell, Mrs.\\nP. D. Beckwith and Miss Florence Cushman. From\\nthis board the following officers of the association were\\nchosen President, Mrs. G. C. Jones Vice Presi-\\ndent, Mrs. S. Johnson Corresponding Secretary,\\nMrs. Tryon Recording Secretary, Mrs. F. J. Atwell\\nTreasurer, Mrs. Mulvane; Librarian, Miss Florence\\nCushman.\\nThe following names appear signed to the constitu-\\ntion as charter members Mrs. Maria Palmer, Aman-\\nda W. Jones, Mrs. Mary E. Lyle, Mrs. H. D. Bowl-\\ning, Mrs. Lurany B. Dickson, Mary W. Sherwood,\\nMrs. Emma E. Van Riper, Miss Gertrude Reshore,\\nMrs. Jerusia E. Bailey, Caroline J. Mulvane, Lillie\\nA. Curtis. The city was then canvassed for subscribers\\nto the capital stock, the amount of which was fixed at\\n$1,000, divided into 500 shares at $2. About two\\nhundred sliares were sold, and the enterprise was fairly\\nstarted. Books were loaned under proper regulations,\\nand citizens began to feel an interest in the movement.\\nAt the second annual meeting, Mrs. S. Johnson was\\nelected President, Mrs. A. S. Prindle, Vice President\\n(she having been elected to fill vacancy by removal of\\nMrs. Mulvme) Recording Secretary, Mrs. F. J. At-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n195\\nwell Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Tryon Treas-\\nurer, Mrs. Palmer. It was decided that other than\\none of the Board of Directors was eligible to the office\\nof Librarian, and Miss Kate Kenney was elected to\\nthis office. The present officers are President, Dr.\\nH. S. McMaster; Vice President, Mrs. A. Reshore;\\nSecretary, Mrs. C. J. Greenleaf; Treasurer, Miss\\nDeda Adams Librarian, Miss Grace Reshore.\\nBoard of Directors, Dr. McMaster, Mrs. Reshore,\\nMrs. C. J. Greenleaf, Miss Deda Adams, Mr. D.\\nLyle, Mrs. F. J. Atwell, Mrs. W. M. Farr, Mrs. H.\\nD. Bowling, Mrs. Hattie Sprague.\\nThe library now contains about eight hundred vol-\\numes, to which additions are constantly being made.\\nAt the annual meeting held in April, 1881, the report\\nshowed that 2,268 volumes had been drawn during\\nthe year. The number drawn during the last quar-\\nter of 1881, was 915, and the number in January,\\n1882, was 248.\\nINCORPORATION OFFICERS FROM 1858 TO 1881.\\nThe first step taken toward the incorporation of\\nDowagiac as a village was the serving of a notice that\\napplication would be made for such purpose, to the\\nBoard of Supervisors of Cass County. This notice\\nwas dated Dowagiac, December 22, 1857, and\\nwas signed by James Sullivan, Moses Porter, A.\\nJones, Daniel Larzelere, F. J. Mosher, S. Bowling,\\nJ. H. Smith, Jolin Hawks, Noel B. Hollister, A.\\nTownsend, D. H. Wagner, George H. Andrews, R.\\nC. Denison, Gideon Gibbs, A. M. Dickson, James\\nPatton, T. T. Stebbins and James A. Lee.\\nOn the 1st day of February, 1858, the petition was\\ngranted, and an election was ordered to be held on\\nTuesday, the second day of March, at the public\\nhouse of Nicholas Buck, which was the American\\nIlouse, now known as the Commercial.\\nIn pursuance of the order of the Board of Super-\\nvisors, the election was duly held, Daniel Larzelere,\\nJames A. Lee and A. Townsend acting as inspectors.\\nThe officers balloted for were a President (Mayor),\\nsi.K Trustees, two Assessors, a Marshal, Treasurer,\\nClerk, three Street Commissioners, a Pound Master\\nand Fire Wardens. The total number of votes cast\\nfor President was 197. Of these Justus Gage re-\\nceived 127, and Ira Brownell sixty-nine. The highest\\nnumber of ballots recorded was 202.\\nThe officers chosen at this the first corporation\\nelection in Dowagiac were as follows\\nPresident, Justus Gage Trustees, Harvey Bige-\\nlow, Azro Jones, Joel H. Smith, Daniel Larzelere,\\nA. Townsend, Ira Brownell Assessors, RoUin C.\\nDenison, Elias Jewell Treasurer, Henly C. Lybrook\\nClerk, David H. Wagner Marshal, John Letts\\nStreet Commissioners, Francis G. Larzelere, James A.\\nLee, Charles B. Foster Pound Master, Moses Ami-\\ndon.\\nIn 1859, the whole number of votes polled in the\\nvillage election was two hundred and fifty-five a gain\\nof fifty-three over the total vote of the preceding year.\\nFollowing are the names of those who were elected\\n1859 President, Joel H. Smith Trustees, Azro\\nJones, Daniel Larzelere, Daniel Lyle, Ira Brownell,\\nSilas Ireland, Daniel M. Hazelitt .Marshal, James\\nA. Lee Treasurer, Francis J. Mosher Clerk\\nStrawther Bowling; Assessors, Rollin C. Denison,\\nGideon Gibbs Street Commissioners, Daniel Bates,\\nDaniel McOmber, Henry Michaels Fire Wardens,\\nWilliam K. Palmer, Isaiah S. Becraft, J. C. Squier,\\nNoel B. Hollister, Asa Huntington.\\n1860 For this year the officers were President,\\nJames Sullivan Trustees, Silas Ireland, Charles B.\\nFoster, Hubbell Warner, John D. Olney, Morris S.\\nCobb, David H. Wagner Treasurer, William H.\\nCampbell Assessor, Ira Brownell Marshal, Peter\\nHannan Street Commissioner, William K. Palmer\\nFire Wardens, John Hawks, Daniel Bates Pound\\nMaster, Nicholas Bock.\\n1861 ^President, Joel H. Smith Trustees, Gideon\\nGibbs, P. D. Beckwith, William Griswold, William\\nR. Sturges, William K. Palmer, Azro Jones Clerk,\\nStrawther Bowling; Treasurer, Daniel Lyle;\\nMarshal, Henry Michael Assessor, George W.\\nAndrews; Street Commissioner, Hubbell Warner;\\nFire Wardens, C. Squier, John Hawks.\\n1862 President, Henely C. Lybrook Trustees,\\nAbel Townsend, Fredrick H. Ross, Hervey Bigelow,\\nJohn G. Howard, Elias Pardee, Patrick Hamilton\\nAssessor, Joel H. Smith Marshal, Ebenezer M.\\nTaylor; Treasurer, Daniel Lyle; Street Commis-\\nsioner, William K. Palmer Fire Wardens, John\\nHawks, Asa Huntington, Abel Townsend.\\n1863 President, Daniel Lyle; Trustees, Daniel\\nSanders, Philo D. Beckwith, Fredrick H. Ross,\\nC. P. Prindle, Azro Jones, Daniel Larzelere\\nClerk, Strawther Bowling Treasurer, Albert N.\\nAlward Marshal. John I. Dennison Assessor,\\nElias Pardee Street Commissioner, Isaiah S.\\nBecraft Fire Wardens, John Hawks, Theodore\\nStebbins.\\n1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President, Daniel Lyle Trustees, Philo D.\\nBeckwith, Joel Andrews, Francis J. Mosher, Evan P.\\nTownsend, Daniel Henderson, Frederick H. Ross;\\nMarshal, Peter Hannan Assessor, Elias Pardee\\nTreasurer, Albert N. Alward Street Commissioner,\\nJames A. Lee; Fire Wardens, Gideon Gibbs, John C.\\nComstock. The record of the election of 1865 has\\nnot been preserved.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n1866 President, Joel H. Smith Trustees, Austin\\nM. Dickson, Gideon Gibbs, Daniel McOmber, Alex-\\nander H. Mason, Philo D. Beckwith, Daniel Hender-\\nson Treasurer, Archibald Jewell Assessor, Elias\\nPardee Marshal, Peter Hannan Street Commis-\\nsioner, A. H. Reed; five Wardens, Richard Heddon,\\nGeorge Lyle. The officers for 1S67 are not recorded.\\nIt appears, however, that the clerk, during 1864-65-\\n66 and 67, was Strawther Bowling and that G. C.\\nJones was elected President in the last-mentioned\\nyear.\\n1868\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President, Philo D. Beckwith; Trustees,\\nGeorge D. Jones, Gideon Gibbs, Henry B. Wells,\\nAustin M. Dickson, Daniel Lyle, Frederick H. Ross;\\nTreasurer, Daniel Lyle Assessor, Elias Pardee\\nMarshal, Charles M. Fletcher Street Commissioner,\\nCharles M. Fletcher; Fire Wardens, Theodore S.\\nStebbins, Thomas W. Adams.\\n1869\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President, Joel H. Smith Trustees, Alex-\\nander H. Mason, Edwin F. Avery, Williard Wells,\\nFrancis 0. Van Antwerp, Mark Judd, Daniel S.\\nSanders; Clerk, Henry Michael; Assessor, Elias\\nPardee; Treasurer, John C. Comstock Marshal,\\nPeter Hannan; Street Commissioner, Peter Hannan\\nFire Wardens, Charles H. Bigelow, Daniel R. Marr.\\n1870 President, Elias Pardee Trustees, Alex-\\nander H. Mason, Francis 0. Van Antwerp and Will-\\niam C. Gardner for two years Thomas W. Adams,\\nJacob J. Van Riper and George D. Jones for one\\nyear Treasurer, John C. Comstock Assessor, John\\nPatton Marshal, Levi S. Henderson; Street Com-\\nmissioner, Levi S. Henderson Fire Wardens, Daniel\\nR. Marr, Gideon Gibbs.\\n1871 President, Lewis E. Wing Trustees,\\nThomas Rix, Jacob J. Van Riper and James Atwood\\nfor two years Clerk, David W. Cleramer Treas-\\nurer, William G. Howard Assessor, Elias Pardee\\nMarshal, Levi S. Henderson Street Commissioner,\\nLevi S. Henderson Fire Wardens, Daniel R. Marr,\\nCharles Bigelow.\\n1872 President, Lewis E. Wing Trustees, Zadoc\\nJarvis (to fill vacancy), Francis E. Warner, B. W.\\nSchermerhorn and Frederick H. Ross, for full term\\nTreasurer, Alexander H. Mason Assessor, Elias\\nPardee Marshal, Charles H. Brownell Street Com-\\nmissioner, Charles H. Brownell Fire Wardens,\\nGeorge D. Jones, Charles Larzelere.\\n1873 President, Alexander H. Mason Trustees,\\nEdwin F. Avery, Eli Green and Willard Wells, for\\ntwo years; Clerk, David W. Clemmer; Treasurer,\\nRollin C. Osborne Assessor. Elias Pardee Marshal\\nand Street Commissioner, Levi S. Henderson.\\n1874 President, B. W. Schermerhorn Trustees,\\nF. J. Mosher, Samuel Ingling, Daniel McOmber;\\nClerk, David W. Clemmer Treasurer,\\nAssessor, W. K. Palmer Marshal and Street Com-\\nmissioner, Levi S. Henderson.\\n1875 President, B. W. Schermerhorn; Trustees,\\nHiram Scoville, Daniel Henderson, Daniel Smith\\nClerk, Charles H. Bigelow Treasurer, Burgett L.\\nDewey Assessor, George W. Andrews Marshal\\nand Street Commissioner, Levi S. Henderson Fire\\nWardens, Orson Buttrick, Edward Wells.\\n1876 President, Aldis L. Rich Trustees, Azro\\nJones, George W. Adams, Philo D. Beckwith Clerk,\\nCharles H. Bigelow Treasurer, Burgett L. Dewey\\nAssessor, Henry Michael Marshal and Street Com-\\nmissioner, Peter Hannan Fire Wardens, George\\nH. Genung, Silas C. Doolittle.\\n1877 President, David W. Clemmer; Trustees,\\nThomas W. Adams, George D. Jones, Daniel Mc-\\nOmber; Clerk, Frank W. Jones; Treasurer. Bur-\\ngett L. Dewey Assessor, Henry Michael Marshal\\nand Street Commissioner, Orlando J. Parker Fire\\nWardens, Daniel Rummel, Levi S. Henderson. These\\noflicers remained in service less than a month. The\\nlast village corporation election was held March 6 of\\nthis year (1877), and on the 3d day of the following\\nApril was held the first election of officers for the\\ncity of Dowagiac, which resulted as follows Mayor,\\nFreeman J. Atwell Aldermen, Philo D. Beckwith,\\nGeorge W. Adams, Hiram Scovill, Daniel Blish,\\nFrancis 0. Van Antwerp, Alexander H. Mason Re-\\ncorder, Frank W. Jones Treasurer, Hiram D. Bowl-\\ning Supervisor, Arthur Smith Justice of the Peace,\\nB. W. Schermerhorn Collector, Richard Heddon\\nMarshal, Orlando J. Parker Constables, Levi Gray,\\nFrank E. Peck, Alexander W. Duff, Levi S. Hender-\\nson.\\n1878 Mayor, Thomas W. Adams; Aldermen,\\nTheodore N. Winchell, Lorenzo Dillingham, Thomas\\nJ. Edwards Recorder, Julius 0. Becraft Super-\\nvisor, Arthur Smith; Treasurer, Burgett L. Dewey;\\nCollector, Richard Heddon Marshal, Orlando J.\\nParker Constables, Alexander W. Duff, Alexander\\nS. Hubbard, Levi S. Henderson, Orlando J. Parker.\\n1879 Mayor, Burgett L. Dewey Aldermen,\\nGideon Gibbs, Willard Wells, William P. Grannis\\nRecorder, Julius 0. Becraft Treasurer, Tiiomas VV.\\nAdams Supervisor, Arthur Smith Collector, Rich-\\nard Heddon Justice of the Peace, George W. An-\\ndrews; Marshal, Alexander W. Duff; Constables,\\nAlexander W. Duff, Orlando J. Parker, William\\nLarzelere, Levi S. Henderson.\\n1880\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mayor, Hiram Scovill; Aldermen, Willis\\nM. Farr, Mark Judd, Silas Doolittle; Recorder,\\nJulius 0. Becraft Treasurer, Thomas W. Adams\\nSupervisor, Arthur Smith Collector, Richard Hed-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "D0VV/\\\\GIAC UNION SCHOOL,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ndon Marshal, Charles H. Dawes Constables, Charles i\\nH. Dawes, George B. Moore, William Larzelere,\\nAlexander W. DufF.\\n1881\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mayor, Philo D. Beckwith; Aldermen,\\nThomas J. Edwards, Myron Stark, Thomas Harwood\\nRecorder, Julius 0. Becraft; Treasurer, William Gris-\\nwold Supervisor, Arthur Smith; Collector, Ephraim\\nC. Adams; Justice of the Peace, B. W. Schermerhorn\\nMarshal, Alexander W. Duff; Constables, Alexander\\nH. Hubbard, Alexander W. Duff, William Larzelere,\\nLevi S. Henderson.\\nFIRE DEPARTJIENT.\\nIt is probable that the earliest action in regard to\\nthe prevention or control of fires in the village was\\ntaken in the year 1854. On the 18th of December\\nof that year, a meeting of citizens was held for the\\npurpose of effecting some sort of an organization for\\nthe protection of property from the most dreaded of\\nthe elements. L S. Becraft was chosen President of\\nthis meeting and E. D. Morley, Secretary. A com-\\nmittee was appointed, consisting of R. C. Denison,\\nGideon Gibbs and Daniel Lyle, who were authorized\\nto examine the stores, shops and other buildings of\\nthe village, and ascertain whether proper precautions\\nhad been observed by their owners and occupants to\\nguard against the outbreak of fire within them. It\\nwas resolved that ladders should be procured and held\\nin readiness for use should an emergency require.\\nAfter making a few other provisions for the common\\nsafety the meeting was adjourned and there does not\\nappear to have been a very active interest in the\\nmatter from this time until the year 1858. Under\\nvarious dates of this year, the corporation records\\ncontain mention of such matters as the procurement\\nof buckets and the building and repairing of cisterns.\\nIt was finally decided best to purchase an engine,\\nand on the 10th of November the Council appointed\\nMessrs. Hervey Bigelow, Ira Brownell and Joel H.\\nSmith as a committee to carry into execution\\nthese designs. In the following winter, there was\\nbought of Messrs. Corning Co., of Seneca Falls,\\nN. Y., the excellent hand engine still in use, together\\nwith all of the necessary appliances. The total cost\\nwas nearly $1,200, as is shown by the fact that an\\norder drawn January 18, 18G0, for one-half of the\\nsum due the manufacturers amounted to $592.50.\\nThe present engine house was built at the time the\\napparatus was procured, and an organization was per-\\nfected, having the name of the Hamilton Fire Com-\\npany No. 1, of Dowagiac. It was named after\\nPatrick Hamilton, one of the proprietors of the\\nvillage. About the time it was organized, there was a\\ngreat Fireman s Tournament at Battle Creek, in\\nwhich the Hamilton boys took part. The excellence\\nof the machine and the company who worked it was\\nattested by a triumph in this contest. The first prize\\nwas fairly won by the Dowagiac company but for\\nsome reason bestowed upon another organization.\\nThe second prize was offered to, but indignantly\\nrefused by, the Hamiltons, and some time afterward\\nthe Messrs. Corning, who manufactured their engine,\\ngave the company a handsome silver trumpet, in com-\\nmemoration of the victory they had won and the\\nspirit they had exhibited in declining to accept the\\nsecond prize when they had honorably earned the\\nfirst. This trumpet is now in the possession of Peter\\nHannan, who was the Chief Engineer of Hamilton\\nFire Company. The company has maintained an\\nalmost unbroken existence until very recently. In\\nthe winter of 1879-80, a new company was organized,\\nbearing the old name, however, and using the same\\nengine and apparatus that has served the village for\\nover twenty years. Uniforms were procured for the\\nmembers of the new volunteer organization at a cost\\nof about $250.\\nTHE DISASTROUS FIRES OF 1864 AND 1866.\\nOn the 2d day of January, 1864 during one of\\nthe severest and coldest snow-storms ever known in\\nthis latitude a devastating fire occurred, destroying\\nover one-half of the business portion of the town.\\nIt was first discovered in a two-story frame build-\\ning owned by Wells II. Atwood. The lower story\\nwas occupied by Andrews k Cooper as a grocery\\nstore, the upper by T. J. Martin, as a barber shop.\\nHere the fire was first seen, and it was supposed to\\nhave originated from a defective chimney. The wind\\nwas blowing a gale at the time, and the flames soon\\nspread to the adjoining buildings. The property de-\\nstroyed by the fire was estimated at from $30,000 to\\n$35,000. The fire engine was rendered almost use-\\nless from freezing, and before it could be put in work-\\ning order every building between the southeast corner\\nof Commercial- and Front streets and Huntington s\\ndrug store, at the intersection of Beeson street, were\\nburned to the ground. The buildings destroyed were\\ni as follows The building in which the fire originated\\ntwo-story frame a two-story frame building owned\\nand occupied by D. Larzelere Co., with dry goods,\\ngroceries, etc. buihling valued at $3,000; no insur-\\nance a two-story building occupied by Mr. Sturgis\\ni as a dry goods store, building owned by a gentleman\\nin New York valued at $3,500 no insurance.\\nNext door north of Mr. Sturgis store was a small\\nstructure, occupied by Henry Michael as a gun shop.\\nThis was pulled down as was also a small structure\\nnext door north. The razing of these two buildings", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "198\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nand active exertions of the citizens with wet blankets\\nprevented the further spreading of the flames in this\\ndirection. The building next south of where the fire\\nstarted was owned and occupied by William Griswold\\nas a grocery store building and goods valued at\\n$5,500 no insurance. The next was a two-story\\nframe building, owned by John Denniston, and occu-\\npied by A. G. Townsend Bro. as a bakery. Goods\\nsaved no insurance. South of this was a building\\nowned by J. Denniston and occupied by D. Pond as a\\nconfectionery shop. Then came a building owned by\\nEastern parties and occupied by A. N. Alward as a\\nbook store and T. Campbell as a jewelry store, from\\nwhich the goods were partially saved. The next was\\na two-story frame structure owned by J. G. Howard,\\nwho occupied the lower floor with a drug and book\\nstock. In the second story was a saloon kept by E.\\nPattison. Then came N. B. Hollister s twostory\\nbuilding, the lower portion being occupied with a\\nstock of drugs owned by Mr. H., and the upper story\\nof which was used by S. Bowling as a Justice s ofiice.\\nTo the north of this, on the corner of Commercial\\nand Front streets, was a two-story structure, owned\\nby Gideon Gibbs, the occupants were Jones Gibbs,\\ndealers in dry goods, in the rear, on Commercial\\nstreet, being the post oSice. The upper story was\\noccupied by Dr. Armstrong, dentist J. J. Van\\nRiper, lawyer, and 0. B. Dunning, photographer.\\nThis building was insured for $1,200, being the only\\none insured out of the twelve destroyed.\\nThe fire broke out about 8 o clock Saturday morn-\\ning, January 2, and raged with fury all day, and until\\nno more material was left on the north side of Front\\nstreet to be consumed.\\nThe fire of January, 1866, occurred upon the\\n7th of the month, which was Sunday. It was dis-\\ncovered at a little before 3 o clock in the morn-\\ning after it had been burning at least half an\\nhour. The fire had evidently broken out in the\\nstore of the Messrs. Stebbins, but within a very\\nbrief time extended north to Lyle Co. s store,\\nwhich it consumed, and then made its way across the\\nalley to Jones k Flinn s, sweeping out of existence\\nthe whole block of frame buildings on Commercial\\nstreet, from which most of the goods, however, were\\nsaved. The flames also spread from Stebbins store\\nwesterly, along Front street down to Harley s gro-\\ncery, where it was arrested by pulling down Denman s\\nBank building, and by throwing water on Harley s\\nbuilding with pails. The engine was worked unceas-\\ningly and well, but the torrent of water was not judi-\\nciously directed, and was wasted on buildings which\\nthere was no hope of saving. Men, boys, and even a\\nfew ladies worked to extinguish the flames, and to\\nsave goods from the burning buildings. It is remem-\\nbered that among others, William Patton, James Hed\\ndon, James A. Lee, Joel H. Andrews, Thomas Foster\\nand Dr. C. P. Prindle, rendered valuable services.\\nAs is usual in fires of similar extent occurring in the\\nnight, there were several exciting incidents. No lives\\nwere lost but a number of persons who had their\\nplaces of dwelling in what was known as the Ex-\\nchange Building, owned by Messrs. Jewell, Comstock,\\nDickinson, Hirsh and Lybrook, narrowly escaped\\nbeing enveloped in the flames.\\nSo far as can be ascertained, the losses occasioned\\nby this fire were as follows On Front street, Messrs.\\nStebbins store and goods, $10,000 insured for\\n$3,000; F. H. Ross store, $2,500; insured for\\n$1,100; Daniel Lyle Co., goods, $6,000; no\\ninsurance; F. M. Smith, merchant, loss, $6,000; no\\ninsurance McEwin, saloon keeper, $800 no insur-\\nance Messrs. Lombard, boots and shoes, loss, $7,000\\ninsured for $4,500 Stephens Co., grocers, loss,\\n$2,500 insured for $1,000 Exchange Building,\\nowned by Jewell, Comstock, Dickenson, Hirsh and\\nLybrook, $3,000 Lyle Rogers, banking house,\\n$500; Howard s store, loss, $3,000, insured for\\n$1,000; loss on goods about $8,000, insured for\\n$4,000; B. Cooper s store, loss $800: insured for\\n$500 Cooper Johnson, grocers, loss small cov-\\nered by insurance Arthur Smith s harness-shop loss\\nabout $250 fully insured. Mrs. King, who owned\\nthe building, lost about $800 Munger and Dewitt\\nlost on their saloons about $800 Mr. Denman s loss\\non the old Stebbins store, and the bank building\\nwas about $800.\\nOn Commercial street, the principal losses were E.\\nJones, of the firm of Jones Flinn, store, $1,200,\\ninsured for $800 loss on goods, $400 fully insured\\nW. McNab, billiard saloon, loss, $800 no insurance\\nPeck Co., grocers loss on building, $900 in-\\nsured for $800 loss on goods, $300 fully insured\\nMerwin Coney, loss on building, $700 insured.\\nThe total amount of the direct losses was not far\\nfrom $50,000, and the insurance did not greatly\\nexceed one-third of that sum, or, in other words, was\\nabout $17,000.\\nTiDRIAL PLACES.\\nVery early in the history of the village, a piece of\\nground, near where the Union Schoolhouse now stands,\\nwas set apart for a burying ground. It was in this\\nlot that the remains of Bogue Williams, the first per-\\nson who died in the community, were interred. Sev-\\neral other persons were buried there, but after the\\nelap.se of a few months, the fast growth of the village\\nmade it obvious that a larger burial ground, farther\\nremoved from the nucleus of the settlement, would", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n199\\nvery soon be needed, and, accordingly, Patrick Hamil-\\nton, the ever beneficent proprietor of the northern\\npart of the town, donated the piece of land now known\\nas the old cemetery. The Dowagiac Cemetery\\nAssociation, organized in accordance with the law,\\nFebruary 21, 1851, had the control of this burial-\\nplace, and divided it into 210 lots, nearly all of which\\nhave been disposed of and occupied by the mortal\\nremains of those who have passed over to the silent\\nmajority. The first deed of the society recorded in\\nthe books conveyed a burial lot to Patrick Hamilton.\\nThis was upon the 8th of March, 1852. Upon the\\nsame day deeds were made out to M. T. Garvey, Dr.\\nL. R. Raymond, David H. Wagner, Philip Tlardman,\\nJ. W. Maitland, Silas T. Howell and Thomas Bray-\\nton. Shortly after this time, the remains of several\\npersons which had been interred in the first burying-\\nground were removed to the new one.\\nThe association had as its oiBcers, in 1851, the fol-\\nlowing persons, viz.: President, S. R. Henderson;\\nTreasurer, I. S. Becraft Collector, Strawther Bowl-\\ning Sexton. H. C. Hills, and Clerk, Dr. L. R. Ray-\\nmond. The organization has been maintained, and,\\neven now, remains in existence, although it has but\\nfew duties to fulfill.\\nThe new Riverside Cemetery was laid out in 1870,\\nthe first deed of a lot being given in November of that\\nyear, and the first interment made upon the 6th of the\\nsame month the body of Louis Reshore, removed\\nfrom the old cemetery. In 1879, the whole number\\nof interments in Riverside Cemetery was 3.34, of which\\n151 were re-interments of remains originally deposited\\nelsewhere, principally in the old village burying-\\nground.\\nRiverside Cemetery consists of a tract of land in\\nthe southern or southeastern part of the corporation,\\nwhich will be ample for the purpose intended for many\\nyears to come. It was platted and arranged by Mr.\\nHale, of Niles, and originally divided into 1,400 lots.\\nThe larger divisions are denominated blocks and\\nparks. There are ninety-eight of the former, and\\ntwenty-one of the latter. The natural charm of the\\nlocation has been supplemented by very tasteful work\\nof the landscape gardener, and the cemetery is one of\\nthe most appropriate and beautiful resting-places of\\nthe dead possessed by any similar town in Michigan.\\nDOWAGI.AC UNION FAIR ASSOCIATION.\\nThe Dowagiac Union Fair Association was organ-\\nized in 1879 with the following officers and Directors,\\nviz. President, Daniel Lyle, of Dowagiac First\\nVice President, Abram Fiero, La Grange Second\\nVice President, George Bedford, Silver Creek Treas-\\nurer, John Cady, Pokagon; Secretary, John F. Tryon;\\nDowagiac. Directors, James A. Lee, Dowagiac C.\\nW. Vrooman, Dowagiac Baltzer Lybrook, Silver\\nCreek Samuel Johnson, Wayne Henry Richards,\\nPokagon Gideon L. Wilbur, La Grange James\\nAtwood, Dowagiac.\\nThe society was successful from the very start.\\nThe grounds at present in use, consisting of twenty-\\none and a half acres, situated on Division street, or\\nthe Cassopolis road, were purchased of the heirs of\\nJames Andrews, for about $55 per acre, and fitted\\nup for the holding of the first fair, which was a very\\ncreditable exhibition, and attended with pecuniary\\nsuccess. The grounds and buildings cost the society\\n$5,150, and the premiums and miscellaneous expenses\\namounted to $1,000 more. To meet this outlay, the\\nstockholders paid in the first year $6,000.\\nThe second year, about $1,100 was laid out on the\\ngrounds and buildings, and paid premiums, amounting\\nto $1,900. The total receipts of the fair were $3,-\\n282.85, and the Treasurer had a balance left of over\\n$300\\nThe society is, at present, composed of about two\\nhundred and seventy-five stockholders, and the amount\\nof stock is over $3,300. The grounds and buildings\\nare now estimated to be worth from $12,000 to\\n$15,000. An excellent half mile track is one of\\nthe features notable among the improvements. The\\nbuildings are well arranged and tastefully built.\\nFloral Hall, in the form of a cross, measures one hun-\\ndred and five feet each way. The other structures\\nare of a similar scale of commodiousness, but the\\nsociety has not yet all of the accommodations in this\\nline which it needs, and additional buildings are soon\\nto be erected.\\nThe officers for the year 1881 were the following:\\nPresident, Daniel Lyle, Dowagiac Vice President,\\nElias Pardee, Dowagiac Treasurer, John Cady,\\nPokagon Secretary, John F. Tryon, Dowagiac.\\nDirectors, Abram Fiero, La Grange C. W. Vroo-\\nman, Dowagiac R. J. Dickson, Pokagon Erastus\\nOsborn, Hamilton Henry Richards, Pokagon\\nGideon S. Wilbur, La Grange James Atwood, Do-\\nwagiac.\\nThe following are the by-laws of the society\\nSection 1. This association 8ha1l be known as the Dowagiac\\nUnion Fiiir .Society.\\nSei?. 2. The object of tliis association shall be the encourage-\\nment of Agriculture, Horticulture, the Mechanic and Household\\nArts.\\nSeo. 3. The officers of this society shall consist of a President,\\nVice President, a Treasurer and Secretary, who shall be elected\\nannually seven Directors, who shall hereafter be elected for two\\nyears, and until their successors shall have been duly elected and\\nsignified their acceptance.\\nSkc. 4. The election of officers shall be held al the anuual\\nmeeting on the last Saturday of October in each year, at 2 o clock", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "200\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\np. M., in the city of Dowagiac. The President, Secretary and\\nDirectors, or a majority of them, shall conduct the election, whicli\\nshall be by ballot.\\nSec. 5. The official term of the officers so elected shall com-\\nmence on the first Monday of January following, and all officers\\nso elected shall signify their acceptance, in writing, to the Secre-\\ntary, prior to that time, otherwise the board may assume the office\\nto be vacant.\\nSec. 6. When any office shall become vacant by non-acceptance,\\nor by the death, resignation or removal of the incumbent, the\\nBoard of Directors may appoint to fill vacancy for the unexpired\\nterm\\nSec. 7. An annual fair shall be held by this society at such\\ntime as may be designated by the Board of Directors.\\nSec. 8. There shall be regular meetings of the Board of Directors\\non the first Saturday of June and the last Saturday of October in\\neach year, at 10 o clock A. M. The Board of Directors may call\\nspecial meetings upon giving ten days notice.\\nSec. 9. The President shall annually, at a meeting in October,\\nappoint from the Directors an Executive Committee, a Committee\\non Premiums, and Judges, aad a Committee on Rules and Regu-\\nlations, each composed of three members, who shall be standing\\ncommittees, and discharge the usual duties, and such other as\\nmay be reiiuired by the Board of l irectors, and the President\\nshall be ex officio a member of these several committees, and assist\\nthem in the performance of their duties.\\nSbc. 10. The President and Secretary of the society shall per-\\nform the duties which usually appertain to their respective offices,\\nand such as may be required by the Board of Directors. The\\nTreasurer shall receive all moneys of the society, and pay out the\\nsame only on orders signed by the President and Secretary. He\\nshall annually, at the meeting in October, submit to the Board of\\nDirectors a detailed financial report for the preceding year; and,\\nat the time of the annual election, he shall furnish the Secretary\\nwith the names of the members entitled to vote.\\nSec. 11. At the meeting in June, the President shall classify\\nthe business by departments, and assign to each department such\\nsuperintendent and assi.stants as he may think proper, and the\\nboard shall adopt the rules and regulations to be observed during\\nthe succeeding fair.\\nSec. 12. One dollar entitles any person to the privilege of an\\nexhibitor, without which they cannot make an entry for a pre-\\nmium. The exhibitor s ticket is not of itself a card of admission,\\nbut the purchaser will receive with it four admission tickets, or\\none s ason ticket good for one person only. Admission tickets\\nwill be sold for 2-5 cents each\\nSec. 13. Exhibitors will be required to pay 2.5 cents as an entry\\nfee on each additional entry over the first, provided no person\\nshall be required lo pay an additional entry fee on any article in\\ncase the premium offered on said article be $1 or less. Such\\nentrance fee must be paid at the Secretary s office at the time\\nof entry.\\nSec. 14. No officer of the society shall be entitled to compen-\\nsation for his services, except the Secretary, who shall receive a\\nsalary of J. JO per annum, and his necessary disbursements.\\nSec. 15. The Viewing Committees shall be assigned by the\\nBoard of Directors at the meeting in June. Should vacancies\\noccur, they may be supplied l)y the Superintendent of Divisions.\\nSec. 1G. A majority of the Board of Directors shall constitute\\na quorum to transact the ordinary business of the society.\\nSec. 17. These By-Laws may be amended only by a vote of\\ntwo-thirds of the members present at an annual meeting of the\\nsociety.\\nPHILO D. BECKWITH.\\nPhilo D. Beckwith was born in the Township of\\nPike, Allegany County, N. Y., March 6, 1825.\\nThis section was at this time a new country and was\\na portion of the Holland purchase. His father,\\nStephen Beckwith, was a cooper by trade. He mar-\\nried Miss Narcissa, daughter of Daniel Beach, an\\nearly settler in an adjoining township. The elder\\nBeckwith died at the age of forty, his wife at the age\\nof fifty. At the age of nineteen, Philo D. was mar-\\nried to Miss Catherine M. Scott, who was three years\\nhis junior. Five years subsequent to their marriage,\\nthe young couple decided to come West, and the autumn\\nof 1844 found them in Detroit with stout hearts but\\nslender purses in fact, Mr. Beckwith was obliged to\\ndispose of a small quantity of cloth in order to liqui-\\ndate his indebtedness at the hotel and pay his fare to\\nYpsilanti. The winter of 1844-45, he spent in\\nYysilanti and in the spring went to Battle Creek,\\nwhere he found employment in a woolen factory.\\nHere he remained four years, when he went to work\\nin a machine shop. In 1851, he removed to Michi-\\ngan City, where he was engaged in the shops of the\\nMichigan Central Railroad. The following year he\\ncame to Niles, and after a few months came to Dowa-\\ngiac and built a small iron foundry, which he opera-\\nted with the assistance of one man. In 1858, he\\nbought a small tract of land on the creek, of Justus\\nGage, and built a foundry which he ran for nine\\nyears, and when he commenced the manufacture of\\nThe Roller Grain Drill during this time, it was\\nonly by the most rigid economy and untiring energy\\nand industry that he was able to avert financial ruin.\\nIn 1858, he invented and commenced the manufact-\\nure of The Round Oak Stove, in connection with\\nthe drills. The stoves soon found an extended sale\\nin this and ailjoining States, and in 1868, he built the\\nnucleus of the works as they now exist. From this\\ntime he began to reap the reward of his years of toil\\nand persistent effort, and he now gives employment to\\nabout sixty men. Mr. Beckwith is a gentlemen of\\nwhom the Latin phrase, Faher suce fortumv is emi-\\nnently applicable. Commencing life with only his\\nnatural resources for his capital, he has conquered\\nsuccess in all departments of life. Mr. Beckwith\\nhas identified himself largely with the best interests\\nof Dowagiac. He was President of the village before\\nits incorporation, and in 1881 was elected Mayor.\\nFKED H. KOSS.\\nFred II. Ross was born in Essex, Essex County,\\nN. Y., .\\\\ugust 3, 1834. He was the son of Henry\\nH. and Susannah Ross, who reared a family of eight", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "fHON .M- B.WELLS.\\njMF^S.h.B.V/ELLS.\\nIIOX. IIKNKY 11. WELLS.\\nIlonry B. Wells was born in Hartwick, Otsego\\nCounty, N. Y., February 4. I8ili His parents.\\nWorden and Julia (Baker) Wells, were natives of Rhode\\nIsland, and reared a family of nine cinldreu, si.x boys\\nand three girls. The elder Wells in early life fol-\\nlowed the vocation of a saddler and harness maker,\\nbut later became an extensive manufacturer of lasts\\nand boot trees; he was successful in his business op-\\nerations, and was possessetl of many admirsible traits\\nof character. He wivs an Abolitionist of the old\\nschool, and a man of decided opinions in everything.\\nIn 1835, he c\u00c2\u00abme to Michigan with his family, and\\nsettled in the town of Charleston, Kalamazoo County,\\nwhere he still resides. Henry was at this time six\\nyeai-s of age he i-eceived such advantages for educa-\\ntion as were afforded by the log schoolhouse of the\\nearly days, and remained at home until the death of\\nhis mother, which occurred when he was fourteen\\nyears of age. when he went to live with a man by the\\nname of Tubbs, witii whom he remained two years,\\nwhen he commenced life as a fiirm hand, working dur-\\ning the summer and attending the district school in\\nwinter. In 1848. he came to Cass County, and the\\nfi^llowing year made his first investment in land in\\nWayne Township, wiiere he has since resided. He\\nh.os identified hini.self prominently with the best inter-\\nests of his township, and has occupied many positions\\nof trust and responsibility. In 1860, he was elected\\nSupervisor, and continued to serve his fellow-towns-\\nmen in that capacity until 18(i6. when he was elected\\nto the Representative branch of the Legislature, which\\nposition he filled with credit to himself and to the\\nentire satisfaction of his constituents, who recognized\\nin him an able exponent of Republican principles.\\nFor fifteen years he was a resident of Dowagiac, where\\nfor a short time he wivs engaged in merchandising.\\nIn company with Mr. Z. Jarvis, he built the present\\ngrain elevator, and for several years was extensively\\nengaged in the produce business.\\nIn 1854, he was married to Miss Phebe E., daugh-\\nter of Gary Carr. of Wayne. Mi-s. Wells is a native\\nof Yates County. N. Y., where she was born in the\\ntown of Barrington October 1837; four children\\nhave been born to them, two of whom are living\\n.\\\\lice, wife of H. B. Tuttle, of Michigan City, Ind..\\nand Elbtrt C. Both Mr. and Mrs. Wtlls are consist-\\nent members of the Congregational Church of Dowa-\\ngiac. and among the representative families of Wayne\u00c2\u00bb\\nthey hold a prominent position.\\n1", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "ELIAS JEWELL.\\nIvIRS. ELI^S JEW ELL.\\nKLIAS JEWELL. 1\\nThe family from which Mr. Jewell is descended\\nwas originally from Holland, and according to family\\ntradition the progenitors were three brothers, who\\nemigrated from Holland to this country about the\\ntime of the Revolutionary war. One of the brothers,\\nwhose name was John, was the grandfather of Elias\\nhe reared a family of three boys and three girls, the\\neldest of whom, the father of Elias, bore the patro-\\nnymic of his father he was born near Monmouth, N.\\nJ., where his father had settled shortly after his arrival\\nin this country. Here, in a region made historic by\\none of the decisive battles of the Revolution, he grew\\nto manhood s estate, imbibing, as it were, from the very\\natmosphere, those principles that distinguished the\\nmen of those days. About 17U8, he was married to\\na Miss Catherine Reed, and in 1811 Elias was born.\\nSix years subsequent to this event (1817), the family\\nremoved to Butler County, Ohio, then a new country,\\nand settled in the vicinity of Middletown, where the\\nelder Jewell purchased a farm, and where he resided\\nuntil his decease, which occurred in his seventy-first\\nyear. Elias received such advantages for education\\nas were afforded by the primitive schools of that day,\\nand remained with his father until 1837, at which\\ntime he started for Michigan. A brother, Iliram.\\n(me of the first settlers of La Grange, had emigrated\\nin 1830, and the fall of this year found Mr. Jewell a\\nmember of his brother s family, with whom he resided\\nseveral years he purchased a new farm on McKen-\\nney s Prairie. In 1843, he was married to Miss\\nHannah Compton, of Niagara County, N. Y., where\\nshe was born in 1821. Mr. Jewell lived in La\\nGrange many years, and was intimately connected\\nwith its development. In 1854, he was called upon\\nto mourn the loss of his wife, who had been the part-\\nner of his joys and sorrows, and had shared with him\\nthe privations and hardships of his pioneer days.\\nTwo children had been born to them Osee and\\nAugustus the former of whom died in 1862, in\\nwhich year he was again married to Mrs. Cordelia\\n(Lampson) Hough, daughter of Solomon Lampson,\\nof Washington County, N. Y., where she was born\\n1831. Six years subsequent to her birth, the family\\nremoved to Wayne County, N. Y., and in 1844 came\\nto Cass County and settled in La Grange. By this\\nunion there have been two children Carrie and Ar-\\nthur. Two years after his last marriage, Mr. Jewell\\ndisposed of the farm which had been his home for so\\nmany years, and removed to Dowagiac, but city life\\nwas not congenial, and in 1860, he removed to his\\npresent residence, in Wayne. The life of Mr. Jewell\\nhas been an active one, his early surroundings were\\nsuch as to develop habits of industry, perseverance\\nand economy these qualifications, coupled with a\\nfirm desire to succeed and correct habits, have been\\nproductive of a rich reward, and Mr. Jewell is enjoy-\\ning, in the evening of his days, a well-earned compe-\\ntency and the respect and esteem of all those with\\nwhom he has been brought in contact.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n201\\nchildren. The elder Ross was a lawyer of marked I\\nability, a contemporary of Silas Wright, and occupied\\nmany prominent positions. Fred H. received a colle-\\ngiate education, graduating at Burlington College in\\n18 2. After his graduation, he entered the office of\\nhis father, and commenced the study of the law, but\\nwas obliged to abandon it on account of his eyes. In\\n1854, he came West, stopping at Detroit, where he\\nentered a large hardware house as porter. From De-\\ntroit, he came to Kalamazoo, where he remained but a\\nshort time, when he removed to Dowagiac in the\\nautumn of 1860, and engaged in the hardware trade.\\nMr. Ross is emphatically a self-made man, and his\\nsuccess is attributable wholly to his own efforts. He\\nhas identified himself prominently with the growth\\nand development of Dowagiac, and for many years\\nhas been one of its most prominent merchants. In\\n1859, he was married to Miss Francis J., daughter of\\nF. L. Dixon, of Burlington, Vt. Two daughters\\nhave been born to them Francis M and Susannah\\nD. In his religious affiliations, he is an Episcopalian,\\nand in politics a Republican.\\nTHOMAS W ADAMS.\\nThomas W. Adams was born in Buffalo, N. Y.,\\nMarch 6, 1832. His parents, John and Lilly (Shank-\\nland) Adams, were natives of Scotland, and came to\\nthis county in 1826. The elder Adams was a manu-\\nfacturer of Paisley shawls in the old country, but\\nestablished himself here in the wholesale and retail\\ndry goods business, which he carried on extensively\\nfor many years. Thomas W. received a liberal com-\\nmon school education and at the age of sixteen com-\\nmenced life as a clerk in a hardware store in Palmyra,\\nN. Y. After several changes of location, he came to\\nDowagiac in 1868, where, with the exception of a\\nfew intervals, he has since resided. He first engaged\\nin the grocery business, but that class of merchandis-\\ning not proving congenial, he engaged in the express\\nbusiness, and after a brief connection with a hardware\\nhouse in Chicago, he returned to Dowagiac, and asso-\\nciated himself with the hardware firm of Ross Co.\\nIn 1868, he bought into the firm, and has since been\\na member. Mr. Adams has not only connected him-\\nself prominently with the business interests of this\\ncity, but has in all matters of public import taken a\\nprominent part. He has filled acceptably several\\npositions of trust and responsibility. In 1879, was\\nMayor of the city. In 1854, Mr. Adams was united\\nin marriage with Miss Adelia, daughter of Asa Lyon,\\nof Van Buren County. She was born in Catherine,\\nSchuyler County, N. Y., April 15, 1832. They\\nhave a family of four children Adelia, George,\\nThomas W., Jr., and Charles W.\\nSTHAWTHER BOWJ^ING.\\nStrawther Bowling was one of the early comers to\\nDowagiac, who was well and favorably known to its\\npeople as a good citizen and most worthy man. He\\nwas a native of Virginia, and emigrated from there to\\nOhio, and thence to Michigan, locating in Dowagiac in\\n1848. He lived in the town until his death at the\\nage of fifty-six years, in 1870. He was a shoemaker,\\nand carried on that tradi^ during his entire term of\\nresidence in Dowagiac, except when filling the office\\nof Justice of the Peace. With him, or at later\\nperiods, came to Michigan several of his brothers\\nBenjamin F., who is now in Marcellus Township;\\nThomas, who afterward removed to Indiana, and\\nseveral others. Mrs. F. M. Sanders, a daughter of\\nthe latter, and H. D., a son of Strawther Bowling,\\nnow reside in Dowagiac.\\nTHE McOMBER FAMILY.\\nThe McOmber family became residents of the south-\\nwest corner (Section 30) of Wayne Township in the\\nyear 1837, and a portion of the village of Dowagiac\\nwas subsequently built upon their land. James Mc-\\nOmber was born in the town of Berkley, Mass., Feb-\\nruary 28, 1801. His father died before he was born,\\nand his mother still a widow, in 1805, removed with\\nher children to Vermont. James was there married\\nin 1824, to Nancy Mc Arthur, and the pair took up\\ntheir residence in Castleton. To them were born\\nseveral children. In 1832, they removed to New\\nYork, and in 1834 to Michigan. They stopped in\\nAdrian one winter, removed to Jackson in the spring\\nof 1835, and, as we have said, to Wayne Township\\nin 1837. They settled on the farm now owned by\\nDavid McOmber (and owned also a part of the Jay\\nMcOmber farm). They had some trials in coming to\\ntheir new home, that part of the journey between\\nKalamazoo and the site of Dowagiac alone occupying\\nfour days. Mr. McOmber was a surveyor, and spent\\nmuch of his time in seeking locations for those who\\nintended to become settlers, or who had a speculative\\ninterest in seeking purchases. He surveyed the\\nroad through the swamp by the Watson settlement,\\nassisted by his sons, Patrick Hamilton, the Hills and\\nthe Watsons. Mr. McOmber continued to reside on\\nhis Wayne farm until his death (with the exception of\\ntwo years spent in Kalamazoo), and was once elected\\nSupervisor of the township. He entertained in his\\nlittle log cabin many men who were passing through\\nthe country in the early forties, and five years after\\nhe made his settlement he built a larger house, in\\n1 which he kept hotel. The stages of the Humphrey\\n1 line stopped there until the railroad was built and the\\nI old-fashioned means of travel superseded by the iron", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nhorse. A store was also kept in a portion of the\\nhouse before the village was laid out, by Messrs. Goas\\nDarling. James McOmber died in December,\\n1848, and his wife in May, 1851. Their children\\nwere Susan N., born in April, 1825 Jay W., in\\n1826; Daniel M., in 1828; Angeline S., in 1830,\\nand Marietta. The last named died in 1839. Susan\\nN. married A. J. Wares in 1S41, and built the\\nDowagiac House soon after the village was laid out.\\nTheir daughter Frankie, now Mrs. C. J. Geenleaf, j\\nwas the first girl child born in Dowagiac. Jay W. Mc-\\nOmber was married in 1861, and still lives in Dowagiac;\\nDaniel M. still claims Cass County as his home\\nAngeline S. was married to Charles Northrup in 1847,\\nand died in 1861 Mrs. Wares is still living, a resi-\\ndent of Fargo, D. T.\\nG. C, HORACE C. AND AZRO .JONES.\\nThe Jones brothers, G. C, Horace C. and Azro,\\nwere from Hopkinton, Merrimack County, N. H. G.\\nC. was the first to emigrate to the West. He located\\nin Cassopolis in 1846, and in 1850 removed to Dowa-\\ngiac and went into business with Joshua Lofland and\\nHenley Lybrook, for whom he had clerked two years\\nin Cassopolis. He has been actively engaged in busi-\\nness until very recently when he was succeeded by\\nhis son, W. D. Azro Jones came to Dowagiac in\\n1855, and Horace C. in 1857. Both have been\\nprominently identified with the mercantile and gen-\\neral business interests ofthe town.\\nTHE MOSHER FAMILY.\\nIra D. Mosher and family settled on the site of\\nDowagiac in the fall of 1847, before the railroad was\\nbuilt. Mr. Mosher was one of the pioneers of the\\ncounty, having located in Wayne Township in 1837.\\nHe was born in Saratoga County, N. Y., October 26,\\n1802. He married Fanny Johnson (who was born\\nJune 24, 1800), upon the 22d of May, 1822. They\\nemigrated to Michigan in 1828, and settled in Wash-\\ntenaw County, where they remained until they re-\\nmoved to Cass County in 1837. They were the\\nparents of seven children, viz., Harriet D., born July\\n2,1823; Zebedee, born July 13, 1825; Francis J.,\\nborn March 22, 1828 Elizabeth S., born December\\n20, 1831 Marinda J., born September 18, 1833\\nEthan, born November -8, 1838, and Elmer E., born\\nJune 12, 1842. Of these there now living Zebedee,\\nwho resides in Iowa Ethan, a resident of the north-\\nern part of the State, and Francis J., the well-known\\ngrocer of Dowagiac. Elmer E. Mosher died in the\\nservice of his country. He enlisted in August, 1861,\\nin Bustead s Battery of the Chicago Light Artillery,\\nand was very soon afterward transferred to Battery\\nG, of the First New York Artillery. He died in the\\nMill Creek Hospital at Fortress Monroe, on the 15th\\nof September, 1862. He possessed and deserved the\\nreputation of being a brave soldier. Ira D. Mosher\\nthe pioneer and father of this family, died November\\n27, 1880, aged seventy-eight years. His wife, Fanny\\nJ. Mosher, died October 5, 1851.\\nI. S. BECRAFT.\\nIn 1849, I. S. Becraft and family became settlers\\nhere. They boarded with the McOmbers until Mr.\\nBecraft built, near the Methodist Church, a comfort-\\nable dwelling (the first house in Dowagiac having an\\nL or wing.) Mr. Becraft was a carpenter and builder,\\nand, in connection with Daniel Heazlett, reared the\\nBaptist Church and many other buildings in Dowagiac.\\nHe was born in Orange County, N. Y., in 1811, and\\ndied in 1865. His widow and a son, Julius 0.\\nBecraft, Deputy Postmaster, still reside in Dowagiac.\\nJOEL H. SMITH.\\nCapt. Joel H. Smith, who came into the embryo\\nvillage from Cassopolis in January, 1848, with the\\nfirst stock of goods, was born in 1820, in Oneida\\nCounty, N. Y. He became a resident of Cassopolis\\nin 1846. During the war of the rebellion, he organ-\\nized and commanded Company A, of the Nineteenth\\nRegiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry.\\nHENLEY C. LYBROOK.\\nMr. Lybrook has been a resident of Dowagiac since\\n1850, and one of the heaviest merchants and general\\nbusiness men of the place during a long term of years.\\nFew men in Cass County have had a wider acquaint-\\nance or a larger number of friends among its people.\\nPerhaps none have enjojed a fuller or better merited\\nconfidence than has he. For many years wher there\\nwas no bank in the village, and even after one had\\nbeen established, it is said that it was a common thing\\nfor the farmers of the surrounding country who had\\na few hundred dollars they did not want to use, to\\ndeposit the same for safe keeping with Mr. Lybrook.\\nAlthough his business was quite successful and he\\naccumulated considerable property, his later years\\nhave brought reverses which have left him consider-\\nably poorer in worldly goods than in reputation and\\ncharacter. He was a native of Giles County, Va.,\\nand born November 28, 1802. He came to Cass\\nCounty in 1830, and located in the southwest por-\\ntion of Pokagon Township, where he taught school\\nfar a short time. In 1832, he moved to Cassopolis,\\nwhere he resided until coming to Dowagiac, eighteen\\nyears\\nlater.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.,\\nNICHOLAS BOCK.\\nMr. Bock was one of the earliest arrivals in the\\ninfant village, coming in the year 1848. He was\\nborn in Belgium, in May, 1800 came to American in\\n1832. He lived for a time in Missouri, and moved\\nfrom that State to Michigan in 1840. He was thus\\na pioneer beyond the Mississippi before he became a\\npioneer in the Wolverine State. Shortly after his\\narrival in Dowagiac, he built the American House\\n(now the Commercial), which he still owns, and of\\nwhich he has been most of the time landlord. He has\\naccumulated considerable property and recently built\\na fine brick residence, which is known as the Bock\\nHouse, where he entertains the wayfarer and the\\nstranger as he did in earlier years at the American.\\nGEOP.GE W. ANDREWS.\\nIn 1850, came to the new village George W. and\\nJulius C. Andrews, moving from Portage County,\\nOhio, whither the family had emigrated from Ver-\\nmont. They opened the first hardware and tinning\\nestablishment in Dowagiac, occupying at the start the\\nbasement of the old American (now the Commercial)\\nHouse. Julius C. Andrews removed in 185.3, to Cali-\\nfornia. George W. Andrews, who brought with him\\nto the village his wife, Sarah A. (Jones), and two\\nchildren, has ever since resided in Dowagiac and been\\none of its leading citizens. Soon after coming to the\\nplace, he was elected Justice of the Peace and has\\nserved most of the time since in that capacity. His\\nbrother, Luman, came to the State also in 1850, and\\nto Dowagiac three or four years later.\\nCYRUS TUTHILL.\\nCyrus Tuthill came into the county in 1855, from\\nMiddletown, Orange County, N. Y. (where he was\\nborn in the year 1827), and began the mercantile\\nbusiness in Dowagiac, which he followed for about\\nsix years. For fifteen years, or thereabouts, farming\\nengaged his sole attention, but for the past six he has\\nbeen Secretary of the Cass County Farmers Mutual\\nInsurance Company.\\nWILLIaM K. PALMER.\\nWilliam K. Palmer came to Dowagiac in 1854.\\nHe was born in Livingston County, N. Y., in\\n1825, and came to Tecumseh, Mich., with his parents\\nwhen a boy; in 18-37, removed with them to Wayne\\nTownship, Cass County, and subsequently to La\\nGrange. He has been engaged in woolen manufact-\\nure, the dry goods and livery business, and is at\\npresent, a grocer (of the firm of Mosher Palmer.)\\nHe was Sheriff of Cass County from 1861 to 1865,\\nand has held several appointive Federal offices.\\nGIDEON GIBBS.\\nOne of the most enterprising and well-to-do of\\nDowagiac s old residents is Gideon Gibbs. He has\\nprobably done more for the material improvement of\\nthe town erected more substantial buildings within\\nit than any other one man. He now owns, among\\notlier property, several fine business blocks which are\\nornaments to Front street. Mr. Gibbs and his wife,\\nMartha (Hilton), whom he married in 1846, came into\\nthe village in 1851, and have resided in it ever since.\\nMr. Gibbs came into the county in 1841, with his\\nfather, David Gibbs, and removed to La Grange in\\n1843, where he resided until coming to Dowagiac.\\nHe was born in Litchfield County, Conn., September\\n16, 1820.\\nDANIEL LYLE.\\nDaniel Lyle, who is perhaps the most successful\\ncitizen of Dowagiac, came to the village in 1853, and\\nbegan on a very small scale the harness and boot and\\nshoe business. In 1865, he went into the hanking\\nbusiness, which has since engrossed his attention. In\\n1869, he bought a controlling interest in the First\\nNational Bank, and has since then been its President.\\nHe was born in England in 1830, and came to this\\ncountry with his parents when a child. His bi-other,\\nG. H. Lyle, was born in Van Buren County, and\\nlocated here in 1857.\\nBRIEF PERSONAL NOTES.\\nThomas H. Adams, of the F. H- fioss hardware\\nhouse, came to Dowagiac in 1861, from Steuben\\nCounty, N. Y.\\nDr. Thomas Rix has practiced dentistry in Dowagiac\\nsince 1864. He came from Clinton, Mich., but was\\noriginally from Vermont, where he was born in 1834.\\nWilliam Griswold came to the village in 1857,\\nfrom Battle Creek, where he had located in 1842.\\nHe came to Michigan in 1838, from Genesee County,\\nN. Y.\\nWilliam Houser, whose parents were early settlers\\nin Pokagon Township, has resided in the town since\\n1862, and has been engaged in his present bnsiness\\nsince 1876.\\nRichard Ileddon came here in 1860, from Keeler\\nTownship, Van Buren County, to which place he\\ncame from Genesee County, N. Y., in 1849. He\\nwas born in Devonshire, England, in 1820. For two\\nyears he was connected with the Basket Manufactur-\\ning Company of Dowagiac, and since the removal of\\nthe works to Chicago, has been traveling for the\\nhouse operating. His son James, who also lives in\\nDowagiac, is a noted bee culturist.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nJ. G. Defendorf and family arrived in 1857. His\\nsons are well known business, men in the community,\\nMarvin, in the dry goods business, a member of the\\nfirm of Dewey, Defendorf Lyle, and Harmon the\\nproprietor of a planing mill.\\nLouis Reshore, a native of France, a man who took\\na leading part in the business of the town, was an\\narrival of 1857 from Huron County, Ohio. He died\\nin 1870, and the business which he established has\\nsince been carried on by the family.\\nHenry, a son of Adam Michael, of Virginia (who\\nsettled in Pokagon in 1830, and afterward removed to\\nBerrien County, where he died in 1838), came to\\nDowagiac in 1851, and has ever since been a resident\\nof the town, following the trade of a gunsmith.\\nSamuel Ingling (connected with the F. H. Ross\\nhardware house) has been a resident of Dowagiac since\\n1864, at which time he left the array. He came to\\nMichigan in 1847 from Ohio, and located at Browns-\\nville, Calvin Township, from which place he removed\\nto Newberg Township.\\nHervey Bigelow came to Dowagiac in 1851, from\\nLa Grange village and began the furniture business\\nwhich he still carries on. He was from Connecticut\\noriginally and settled in La Grange as early as 1837.\\nIn the same year as the above came Abram Town-\\nsend, from Flowerfield.\\nThe Larzeleres, Daniel, F. G. and William, came\\nto the village in 1855 from Clinton, Lenawee County,\\nMich., where their parents were early settlers. Will-\\niam, who now resides in Dowagiac, has carried on the\\nlivery business since 1875. F. G. Larzelere, it will\\nbe remembered, was shot by a burglar in Carlin s\\nstore about twenty years ago, and quite seriously\\nhurt.\\nArthur Smith has been a resident of Dowagiac\\nsince 1863, and since 1877 has represented the town\\nin the Board of Supervisors. He was born in Penn-\\nsylvania in 1834; came to St. Joseph County, Mich.,\\nin 1857, and soon after removed to Cassopolis, where\\nhe was in business for five and a half years, most of\\nthe time with J. P. Osborne. He carried on harness-\\nmaking for a number of years after his removal to\\nDowagiac, but was compelled to abandon it on account\\nof poor health.\\nCHAPTER XXV.\\nPOKAGOX.\\nArrival ot Putnam\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Incidents of his J jiirney\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Baldwin Jenliins\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nSfjuire Thompson\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Lewis Edwards\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Alexander Rogers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Pio-\\nneer Plow and First Crop- Townsends\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Marltharas- The First\\nReligious Meeting\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Organization of the Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Marriage\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094First Roads\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Postal Facilities\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sauk War\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Assessment of\\n1R34\u00e2\u0080\u0094Shakspeare State Hatchery Churches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land\\nEntries.\\nIn the history of Cass County an especial interest\\nattaches to Pokagon Township. It was the cherished\\ndwelling-place of the last, lingering remnant of a once\\npowerful Indian tribe, the name of whose good\\nchief it perpetuates. The corn fields of the Potta-\\nwotamies spread their verdure over the prairie for\\nmany summers, before the white man disputed posses-\\nsion of the rich domain, and the region abounds in the\\nlegends and traditions of the race that has well-nigh\\npassed away. But while the red man s occupation of\\nthe country affords romantic material for the imagina-\\ntion, and is a fascinating field for the research and\\nspeculation of the antiquarian student, it is the fact\\nthat here was made the first white settlement which\\nconstitutes Pokagon as the classic ground of Cass\\nCounty. Here came the vanguard of the pioneers\\nUzziel Putnam. Here the little beginning was made\\nof that development which, in half a century, has\\ncompletely conquered the wilderness^ and added it to\\nthe mighty realm of civilization. In its primeval\\ncondition, the region now known as Pokagon was a\\nbeautiful one, and this circumstance, which had made\\nit one of the favorite localities of the Indians, in-\\nfluenced the white settler to choose it for his future\\nhome. The beauty of the scene was supplemented by\\nthe promise of rich reward for the husbandman s toil.\\nThe fertile prairie was ready for the plow, and the\\nluxuriance of the lofty forest trees attested the wealth\\nof the soil which upbore them. The aspect of nature\\nwas kindly and inviting. And yet it was only through\\ntoil, privation and suffering, and incessant little acts\\nof every day life, humble in themselves, but making\\nup an aggregate of noble heroism that the soil was\\nwon by the pioneers and wrought into a splendid\\nheritage for their children.\\nIt is our purpose in this chapter to give some idea\\nof the trials of Putnam, the pioneer, and to show who\\nand what manner of men were those who followed\\nhim into Pokagon Township.\\nAs early as 1821, the fame of the valley of St.\\nJoseph had been carried by Indian traders and\\ntrappers to the frontier settlements in Ohio, and it\\nexcited in the minds of many adventurous individuals\\na desire to explore the region and to substantiate the\\nrepresentations made of its beauty, fertility and\\nnatural resources. Among the number was Baldwin", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": ";^^^|SP\\nr\\\\\\nU\\n(tP.\\n(fi)\\nTi.^cj.^-X^ ^r^ytzza^i^i-H,\\nHON. UZZIEL PUTNAM, JR.\\nThe late Hon. Uzziel Putnam, Jr., was the flrat white child b. rn ;fa Casa\\n^ounty, and be thus seemed to rightfully inherit the privilege of always\\nbeing closely identified with its histiry. H4 wiis the son of the earliest\\npioneers of thf county and the descendant of the old Green Mountain stock\\nwhich from time to time made the name of Putnam famous in tlie history of\\nthe country.\\nThe subject ot our sketch was born in P.)kagon Township August 12, 182G.\\nconsiderably less than a year from the time when his parents Uz /.iel and Anna\\n(Chapmin) Putnam built their first little cabin upon the prairie. A friend says\\nof him: He early manifested a thirst for knowledge, but in tint primitive\\nd^y his home advantages for schooling were very limited. He made the most\\nhowever, of such opportunities as he had, and early in his teens attended school\\nfor two years in Niles. Then he went to Keysville, N. Y., where lie remained\\na year; afterward he went to .Albion and sp-^nt two years in study, and finally\\nto Anil Arbir University, from which institution he graduated with high\\nhinors, aft\u00c2\u00abr a four years course, in ISjIi. Mr. Putnam then read law for two\\nyears with Messrs. E. C. A C. I. Walker, a prominent firm in Detroit. In July,\\nK5.5, ho was admitted to the bir, but he never made very strenuous attempts\\nto gain a practice, and devoted himself to the profo^^ion for only a brief period.\\nHe opened a biwoftinw in the then newly platted village of Pokagon, but soon\\nabandoned it for the quiet home life upon the farm, to which he wss accustomed\\nand warmly attacheii.\\nMr. Putnam s strong native ability, his fine education and th unwavering\\nintegrity of his nUiire comnaanded the respect anil conftienceof thr proile,\\nand they called him to assume various public trusts. Ho was School Inspector\\na numberof years, Jurtico of the Peace for twelve years and was Circuit Court\\n1 onimlBsioner for one or two terms. The higher olBc M which he filled, like the\\nliumble ones, came to him unsought, simply through the recognition and lui\\nthe rewirds f his m inliness of character. Ho was a life-long Bepubllcm\\nWhile he took a deep Interest In public measures and in the success of party, he\\nwas not ill any sense a politician. He was elected, in ISli. i, n Ri-preaentutive to\\nthe Lower House of the Legislative Assembly, and in 1870,choaeu as State Senator\\nWhile in the Senate, in 1871-72, he served upon three committees those on\\nAgriculiure, on Enrolled Bills, and on State Library, being chairman of the\\nlast named. He eerv.d his constituency with ability and faithtulness, at the\\nsame time keeping in consideration alt of the broader duties which he owed to the\\npeople at large. In January, 1874. he was appointed by Gov. Bagley a member\\nof the Board of State Commissioners for the supervision of charitable, penab\\npauper and reformatory institutions, and in January, 1S77, was re-appointed by\\nGov. Cro.iwell, and held the position until his death. He was also President of\\nthe Casa County Pioneer Society, a position for which he seemed peculiarly\\nfitted, not alone Irom the fact that he was the oldest native of the county, but\\nbecause of the lively interest which he exhibited in all matters of early history\\nand pioneer experience.\\nMr. Putnatl was twice married. His first wife was Jane, daughter of Lewis\\nClyborne, one of the pioneers of Pokagon\u00e2\u0080\u0094 though at the lime of the marriage.\\nJanuary 9, 1862\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the family resided at Galesburg, 111. Mrs. Putnam died\\nFebruary 14, 1871, leaving one child, Mabel, born April 8, 1809. Upon the 16th\\noi February, 187.0, after remaining four yeai-s single, Mr. Putnam was united\\nwith Miss Lizzie Finch, daughter of Col. Calob Finch, who was one of the early\\nsettleis of Knox County, 111. The offspring of this union was one child, Hilda\\nL.. born November 29, 187.0.\\nSurrounded liy the blessings of family life, enjoying the friendship of thou-\\nsands, possessing the respect of all who knew him. when Uzziel Putnam had\\nscarcely passed he.vond the prime of life he was taken from life. His death oc.\\ncurred February 1(1, 1879.\\nOne who know him very Intimately, writes: He was a friend to the poor,\\na friend of education, of good morals and of everything that would elevate and\\nenoblo his fellows. His character rested on a granite basis and sustained a\\nhigh public virtue and private integrity that nothing could corrupt. He has\\nleft streaming behind the bright effulgence of hn ch iractor, to illumine the\\nway for others, and to lighten and soothe the aorrou S of bereavement. Ills life", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0272.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nJenkins, who, in company with five others, left his\\nhotne in Ohio for a tour of exploration in October of\\n1824. On their arrival at the trading-post at Fort\\nWayne, his companions declined to go any further\\ninto the unbroken wilderness. Sending a hasty dis-\\npatch to his wife, and taking a pack of provisions on\\nhis back, he started alone, taking the direction of the\\nWabash River, and followed it down to a trading post,\\nwhere the present city of La Fayette now stands.\\nRetracing his steps to a French trading post, on\\nthe present site of the city of Logansport, he struck\\nnorth toward the St. Joseph River, reaching it where\\nSouth Bend nowstands, and following down the south\\nbank to Gary Mission, one mile west of the present\\ncity of Niles.\\nAfter exploring the southeastern part of Cass and\\nBerrien Counties, he returned up the St. Joseph\\nRiver to mouth of the Elkhart, and, after following the\\ncourse of that stream some distance, he took a south-\\neasterly direction to Fort Wayne, and from thence to\\nhis home in Ohio.\\nIn the same year, Abram Townsend, who then re-\\nsided in Sandusky County, Ohio, visited the St.\\nJoseph country for the purpose of exploration. On\\nhis return home, he gave a most flattering account of\\nwhat he had seen, and prepared to remove with his\\nfamily to Pokagon Prairie his statements were cor-\\nroborated by an Indian trader by the name of An-\\ndrus Parker, who had also explored the valley of St.\\nJoseph.\\nThe neighbors of Townsend listened with interest\\nto his narratives they were convinced that beautiful\\nhomes, located in a rich and fertile valley, and easily\\nwon competences were within their reach. Public\\nmeetings were held for consultation, and it was re-\\nsolved that they would emigrate as a colony with\\nhim to the beautiful region which he had explored.\\nAmong those who attended this meeting was Uzziel\\nPutnam, then thirty-two years of age and in the prime\\nof his strength. The glowing accounts of fertile prai-\\nries, extensive meadows luxuriant with native grasses,\\naffording hay and pasturage in prodigal abundance;\\nof its belts of majestic timber, its oak openings car-\\npeted with flowers, and offering a broad and unob-\\nstructed highway, awakened in him a spirit of advent-\\nure, and he was thoroughly convinced that it was a\\nfavored spot for one commencing the world with only\\nhis natural resources for his capital.\\nHaving made up his mind to emigrate to Michigan,\\nlie at once commenced to dispose of his effects, and to\\nget ready for the long and difficult journey. His wife,\\nequally ardent, and resolute as himself, cordially co-\\noperated with her husband in the work of preparation.\\nOn the 17th day of May, 1825, all preparations being\\ncomplete, Putnam with his wife and child, a little\\ndaughter two years of age, now Mrs. Ziltha Jones,\\nbegan their journey. They had a wagon to which\\nwere attached three yoke of oxen, a horse, and had sev-\\nenteen head of cattle. Aside from himself, wife and\\nchild, the party consisted of Abram Townsend and\\nhis son Ephraim, and Israel Markham. There had\\nbeen continual rains, and the roads through the heavi-\\nly-timbered lands were nearly impassable, and although\\nthe oxen were fresh and strong, they only accomplished\\nseven miles the first day. At night a fire was built,\\nand Mrs. Putnam soon had a comfortable supper for\\nthe whole party. The oxen were unyoked, and, while\\nthey were turned loose to feed, the travelers made their\\nbeds under the wagon, and, after the fatigue of the\\nday, all slept soundly during the night. Mrs. Put-\\nnam was up early in the morning and had breakfast\\nready by the time the cattle were collected and the\\noxen yoked, and, at 8 o clock, were ready to resume\\ntheir journey. The rain, which had fallen all day,\\nincreased to a violent storm they had made about a\\nhalf-dozen miles and then the whole party, chilled and\\nwet, took refuge from the storm in the wagon. The\\nnext morning, Mrs. Putnam was the first to be moving.\\nShe built the fire and prepared a warm breakfast for\\nthe wet and hungry people. Refreshed by their meal\\nof good coffee, hot bread and fried bacon, in good spir-\\nits, and, full of hope, they started again on their jour-\\nney through the mud. After a halt at noon, to rest\\nthe weary oxen and to take their own dinner, they\\ntoiled on through the wet clay till night, when they\\nencamped by a blazing fire. The next day was but a\\nrepetition of the preceding one, and, at night, they put\\nup at the house of a frontiersman, by the name of\\nJohnson, who had settled in the wilderness and was\\nbeginning a new farm.\\nAfter four or five days of diligent labor and constant\\nstruggle, they reached the then very small town of\\nUrbana. The road from this place to Fort St. Mary,\\non the river of that name, runs across a flat country,\\nlow, heavily timbered with beach and elm. Owing to\\nthe heavy spring rains, it was in a terrible condition\\nmuch of it was miry but few settlers, as yet, had ven-\\ntured to locate in this forbidding locality. There was\\nno way of getting round it, the only course led across\\nit, and so our travelers set out again on their journey,\\nand at night camped in the woods. The next day\\nwas cold, gloomy and rainy, an l when about half way\\nto the fort, they had to descend a short but steep hill,\\nand Mrs. Putnam and child, for safety, got out. When\\nnear the bottom of the hill, the wagon, in its rapid\\ndescent, struck a log, which was almost concealed in\\nthe mud, the axle broke and the wagon, a complete", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0273.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwreck, settled down to the ground. This was late in\\nthe afternoon, and Mr. Putnam, being aware that a\\nsettler s house was within two miles, placed hfs wife\\nand child on the horse, and set out through the driv-\\ning rain, hoping to reach the cabin of the settler before\\nit became dark. This they did, and drying their\\ndripping clothes before a fire of logs burning in a fire-\\nplace, without a chimney, and occupying the entire\\nside of the cabin, and after partaking of a comforta-\\nble supper, they forgot, in sweet slumber on their\\nrude beds, all the cares of the day.\\nEarly in the morning, Putnam returned to the scene\\nof disaster, and set about repairing the broken axle.\\nA suitable tree was selected and cut, and from it the\\nbroken part was replaced by a new axle, and by night\\nthe whole party were at the cabin, where Mrs. Put-\\nnam was waiting. Despite their ill-fortune, not a\\nmurmur was heard, or a regret expressed their ardor\\nwas not at all dampened by the unfortunate mishap\\nthey only talked of the success in repairing the wagon,\\nand consoled themselves with the fact that it was un-\\ndoubtedly stronger than before, and would stand the\\nheavy test that awaited it in the Black Swamp, that\\nmost appalling and impassable of all the thoroughfares\\nof the West. The next morning, Mrs. Putnam again\\nhad the party ready for an early start. The mud was\\nup to the bellies of the oxen, and the wagon often\\nsunk to the axle, they dragged themselves wearily\\nalong until night, and camped by a cheerful fire and\\nate their frugal meal with a relish which perhaps\\nthey had not known at home.\\nThe next day, they reached what was then known\\nas Old Fort St. Marys. It consisted of ar-few\\nscattered buildings, and though small, was a town\\nwhere travelers could find shelter and rest. It now be-\\ncame evident to the Putnams that the wagon was over-\\nloaded, and that it could not be hauled to Fort Wayne,\\nas the oxen s feet had become sore a Shawnee In-\\ndian, who could speak English, happened to fall in\\nwith the travelers, and from them learned of their\\ndifficulty. He told them that in one day, he could\\nmake a bark canoe that would carry the entire party,\\nwith all tlieir goods, in which they could float down\\nthe St. Mary s to Fort Wayne, a distance of sixty or\\neighty miles. He was so confident of being able to\\nsuccessfully carry out his proposition, and the plan\\nappearing feasible, two of the party accompanied the\\nIndian to the woods, cut down a large elm tree, and\\nfrom it took the bark to the length of twenty-five or\\nthirty feet. The ends were carefully shaved down to\\na proper thickness, and were then brought together\\nand tied with a strong rope made of bark before\\nthis was fully done, and while the work was in prog-\\nress, the rude vessel was kept in proper shape by\\nmeans of transverse sticks, giving the whole the form of\\na large canoe seven or eight feet wide, and two feet\\ndeep. It required but a day for the construction and\\nlaunching of the craft, and, after being laden, it\\nproved the statement of the Indian that it would carry\\nall they had, and more, too, to be correct.\\nThe next morning, Townsend, accompanied by his\\nson, embarked in the canoe and floated off down the\\nriver, leaving Putnam and Markham to pursue their\\njourney alone. They set out with the wagon and cat-\\ntle, and after a tedious journey of five or six days\\nover the low, flat country, with its clayey soil, arrived\\nin Fort Wayne on the 4th day of June. Here they\\nfound Townsend, who had arrived safely some days\\nbefore, and who was anxiously watching some miles\\nout of town for the arrival of his friends. They put\\nup at the house of William Rockhill the goods were\\ncarefully stored away, and the cattle turned loose to\\nfeed and recruit, it being evident that it was not pru-\\ndent to attempt to pursue the journey further, owing\\nto the condition of the cattle s feet they agreed to\\nstop until the 1st of August, giving the cattle time\\nto recover before proceeding further. Townsend had\\nsome business at Sandusky, which he now wished to\\nattend to, and he proposed that he and his son and\\nMarkham should return, leaving Putnam and his wife\\nto care for the cattle, and pledging his word to return\\nby the 1st of August, and proceed on their way to\\nMichigan. Accordingly, the three embarked in a\\ncanoe and went down the Maumee River to Fort\\nMeigs, and from thence on foot to Sandusky. Put-\\nnam, not desiring to remain idle in the interim, tended\\na field of corn, for his host. Rockhill.\\nHe next made a trip to the Wabash River, at a\\npoint about thirty miles distant from Fort Wayne, to\\ntransport thither two adventurous hunters by the\\nnames of Slate and Calloway, with their traps, fishing\\ntackle, canvas and provisions. They were setting out\\nfor a long excursion, expecting to be gone until the\\nfollowing spring, and for this service agreed to send\\nPutnam a barrel of flour by the way of the lakes and\\nSt. Joseph. The last of July they commenced mak-\\ning preparations for their final departure, the first of\\nAugust being the time appointed by Townsend for his\\nreturn. From day to day, he anxiously waited, but in\\nvain, and at last, on the morning of the 9th of Au-\\ngust, wearied with delay, and knowing that the season\\nfor cutting hay for the cattle was rapidly pa.ssing\\naway, by resolved to wait no longer. He had gone\\nbut a short distance, however, before he was delighted\\nto hear the well-known ?oice of Townsend, hallooing\\nfor him to stop. After a brief consultation and\\nexplanation, they returned and gathered their cattle\\ntogether, and once more resumed their journey.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0274.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n207\\nThey crossed the St. Joseph at the mouth of the Elk-\\nhart, and following the track by the way of Cobert s\\nCreek and Beardsley s Prairie, they reached in safety\\nthe cabin of William Kirk, which then stood about\\nsixty rods east of the present railroad depot at Niles.\\nOn the following day, Baldwin Jenkins and Mr.\\nKirk piloted Putnam and Townsend through the\\nwoods to Pokagon Prairie, a distance of six miles,\\nwhere they examined the ground and selected places\\nfor farms. They found small bands of the Pottawato-\\nmies living on the prairie, where they cultivated, in\\ntheir rude way, small patches of corn and beans.\\nAmong them was Pokagon himself, one of their prin-\\ncipal chiefs. They explained to him their wish to\\nsettle there and cultivate land. He objected to this,\\nsaying that his corn would be destroyed by their\\ncattle, that they would move oflf in the fall to their\\nhunting grounds, and then the whites could come on\\nand build their houses.\\nThe whole party returned, and, upon consultation?\\nPutnam and Townsend concluded to drive their cattle\\nback to Cobert s Creek, a mile east of the place where\\nEdwardsburg now is, and there cut hay and winter\\nthem.\\nPutnam now returned with his wagon and oxen to\\nF rt Wayne, and in a few days thereafter, all arrange-\\nments begin made for the final removal, he left Fort\\nWayne with his family on the 16th day of October.\\nAllowing himself to rest for a week, Putnam, with a\\nyoke of fresh oxen, which he borrowed from Mr.\\nKirk, and accompanied by Edward Smith, set out\\nagain for Fort Wayne in search of his cattle that had\\nstrayed away. He found them near South Bend.\\nHe purchased a barrel of flour and ten bushels of\\ncorn, and, after a brief delay, again set out to return,\\nand reached Mr. Kirk s safely after a week s travel.\\nHe remained with Mr. Kirk until the 18th day of\\nNovember he then moved to a shanty twelve feet\\nsquare, covered with bark, and without floor or chim-\\nney, which Mr. Markham had put up for his conven-\\nience while cutting hay during the summer. Poor\\nand uncomfortable as was this hut, they remained in\\nit until the 22d of January, 1826, when they removed\\nto the new and more comfortable cabin which Putnam\\nhad built. The new one, however, was not a paragon\\nof convenience, as it had neither floor, door nor\\nwindows. These were afterward supplied, the material\\nfor the floor and door having been hewed from a log,\\nand cut with a saw, as at that time there was not a\\nsaw-mill in the Territory. The cabin, however, was\\nmade comfortable and warmed by a huge fire, which\\nwas kept going day and night.\\nEarly in the spring of 1825, Baldwin Jenkins, in\\ncompany with Benjamin Potter and his wife, who\\nwas a niece of Mrs. Jenkins, started for the new\\ncountry. After a tedious journey they arrived near\\nthe site of the present city of Niles. Mr. Potter\\nsettled one mile north, on the Sumnerville road. Mr.\\nJenkins succeeded in putting in a small patch of corn\\nin what was then known as the Old Indian Fields,\\nhis only implement being a hoe. After getting in\\nhis corn, he, in company with a man by the name of\\nCoon, started down the St. Joseph River in a canoe\\nto ascertain the navigability of the stream.\\nDuring the season, he cultivated his corn and cut a\\nquantity of hay on the present site of Niles. In the\\nfall he returned to Ohio, rented his property, and, on\\nthe 1st day of November, with his family, which con-\\nsisted of his wife and seven children, started for his\\nfuture home in Pokagon. His equipment consisted\\nof thirty-five head of cattle, including three yoke of\\nworking oxen, five hogs, a wagon, household goods,\\netc., etc. On the 10th they arrived in Fort Wayne,\\nInd where he laid in an extra stock of provisions,\\nand pushed on, arriving at Wolf Lake on the 15th\\nday of November.\\nOn the night of their arrival at this place, the snow\\nfell to the depth of ten inches, in consequence of\\nwhich Mrs. Jenkins got into the wagon to ride for\\nthe first time, she insisting upon walking, in order\\nthat more of the necessary articles for their future\\nhome might be carried. They arrived at Squire\\nThompson s on the I8th, and the following day\\nreached Mr. Potter s when he learned that the Indian\\nponies were destroying the corn he had planted in the\\nspring. Here he remained until the crop was secured.\\nThis detention deferred his arrival in Pokagon until\\nthe 24th, six days later than that of Putnam.\\nThe location of Mi*. Jenkins was a short distance\\nnorth of Sumnerville, where he utilized an Indian\\nwigwam as a place of abode during the winter.\\nAt this time there were but nine families in Cass\\nand Berrien Counties, excepting the mission two in\\nthe former and seven the latter, and comprising a\\npopulation of about sixty persons.\\nThe winter of 182. 3-26 was replete with privations\\nand hardships for the families of Putnam and Jenkins.\\nThe hay which Jenkins had made in the summer was\\nburned by the Indians while he was gone for his\\nfamily, leaving nothing on which to winter his cattle,\\nand meeting one of the Mark hams, who wished to\\nmove out in the spring, he made an arrangement with\\nhim to take his oxen back to Ohio, using them on his\\nreturn in the spring. Putnam was better supplied\\nwith hay, and from him Jenkins obtained a quantity,\\nand by felling timber for them to brouse on, most of\\nthem lived through the winter, which was a severe\\none, the snow falling to the depth of two feet. He", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0275.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwas obliged to carry all the grain for their breadstuff\\non his back to the mission, a distance of nine miles,\\nwhere it was ground in a hand-mill, with the exception\\nof what was pounded at home in a wooden mortar.\\nThe trip during the severe weather required two days.\\nThe family of Putnam was scantily supplied with\\nprovisions their stock of flour was soon exhausted,\\nthey could get but few vegetables of any kind and they\\nhad but little meat. Their food consisted chiefly of\\nboiled corn, and for weeks in succession they subsisted\\nmainly on this scanty fare. A little parched corn\\npounded in a mortar, and thus reduced to flour and\\nmade into a Johnny cake, was a luxury. Now and\\nthen a fish was caught, or wild game obtained from\\nthe Indians.\\nDuring the winter, the Putnams and Jenkins con-\\nducted a vigorous campaign against the wolves, and\\nthirteen of these ferocious animals were killed. The\\nfat obtained from the carcasses was used in making\\nsoap.\\nThe winter, while it was quite severe for a time,\\nwas fortunately of short duration. Early in March,\\nthe snows disappeared, and the balmy air indicated the\\nnear approach of spring.\\nImmediate and vigorous preparations were made for\\nsugar-making. Both families manufactured a large j\\nquantity which materially added to their comfort, j\\nPutnam obtained a supply of bacon and cornmeal\\nfrom the Mission, and the family regarded the win- j\\nter of their discontent as having passed.\\nOn the 28th of March, an accession to the family j\\nwas made in the person of Isaac Duckett, who, by a\\nprevious arrangement, had come to assist Putnam in\\nputting in a crop. He brought a yoke of oxen and\\nsome provisions, and, shortly after his arrival, they\\ncommenced making rails and soon had a sufficient\\nnumber to inclose forty acres.\\nPutnam had brought from Ohio the iron portion of\\na plow, Duckett made the wood work and attached it\\nto the fore-wheels of a wagon. Five yoke of oxen\\nwere used as a team, and some time in the latter part\\nof April the first plowing was done. The plow worked\\nadmirably, and in two weeks six acres had been broken.\\nPioneer plowing was attended with much difliculty, the\\nroots of the prairie grasses were tough and strong, and\\nsoon dulled the shear. Putnam had foreseen this diflS-\\nculty, and had brought with him from Ohio a small\\ngrindstone; on this the irons were sharpened. The\\noperation was a tedious one, as it required a half day\\nof diligent labor to complete the work, but, when done,\\nit was, as Putnam afterward remarked, as good as\\nnew.\\nA small piece near the cabin was plowed for a gar-\\nden which Mrs. Putnam fenced and cultivated with\\nher own hands; like a thrifty housewife she had not\\nneglected to bring her seeds. The corn and potatoes\\nfor planting they obtained from the people of the mis-\\nsion, for Mr. McCoy most readily assisted them, giving\\nthem credit until they found it convenient to pay.\\nThe season was favorable; nothing untoward happened.\\nThe Indians were peaceable, and, by the month of June,\\nthey had vegetables of the earlier kinds, and by Au-\\ngust they had a full supply of the products of the gar-\\nden. Their cows had supplied them with milk and\\nj butter, and, before the end of September, Putnam had\\n350 bushels of corn ripe in the field, and his cattle and\\nhogs were fat in fact, he was a full-handed farmer.\\nIn the meantime, his neighbor Jenkins had not been\\nidle; he had made substantial improvements, and had\\nraised a bountiful crop, and, with that liberality which\\nwas one of the salient points in his character, was\\nready to assist those who needed his aid. The pioneer\\nsummer was prolific of events. Squire Thompson, the\\npioneer farmer of the St. Joseph Valley, had joined\\nthe little settlement he was the advance guard of the\\nhost that in a few years filled this part of the State.\\nIn the fall of 1822, he visited the region in the vicin-\\nity of the Carey Mission; arriving before the comple-\\ntion of the buildings, he spent a few days in examin-\\nj ing the country, and returned to Union County, Ind.,\\nj from whence he came. In the spring of 1823, he\\nreturned to the mission, and, after a few days survey,\\nj made clioice of a location and built a cabin on the\\nbanks of the river. He cleared and planted several\\nacres of land, and returned for his family, which con-\\nsisted of his wife and four children. They remained\\nwithout neighbors during the winter, but early in the\\nspring of 1824, William Kirk, an old acquaintance of\\nhis, emigrated from Indiana, and, for a time, lived in\\nthe cabin with Thompson from this place, Thompson\\nremoved, as before stated, to Pokagon, settling on Sec-\\ntion 20. where he resided until his removal to Califor-\\nnia about 1850.\\nIn April, Abram Townsend returned from Ohio,\\nand the July following, Gamaliel and his family, in\\ncompany with the Markhams, Israel, Sr, Israel, Jr.,\\nSamuel, Lane and Ira Putnam arrived. Townsend\\nbuilt a cabin on his land which adjoined that of Put-\\nnam s, and during the larger part of the summer was\\nengaged at the mission. During the winter he\\nfenced forty acres and in the season following, planted\\ntwenty acres of corn. Israel Markhara and his son,\\nIsrael, Jr., settled in land adjoining that owned by\\nUzziel Putnam. The elder Markhara was a black-\\nsmith by trade, and the first one that carried on a\\nshop in the county. It is related, that, on one occa-\\nsion, a man came from Beardsley s Prairie with a\\nplowshare to be sharpened, for which Markham", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0276.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "johK rodgef^s\\n]v1F^S.J0H,nI F^ODGER^S.\\n,\u00e2\u0080\u009e.,\u00c2\u00bb,.1tS fi^\\nifn m(\\nJ\\nf\\nl\\\\ESlDEI\\\\fOE OF JOHj^ RODGER^S, POK/^GOJsf, fvllCH.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0277.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0278.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncharged STJ cents, which he objected to as being too\\nmuch. Markham admitted that the price was high,\\nbut told him that it was a necessity, as he was obliged\\nto have money to buy seed wheat. Ira Putnam also\\nlocated in the immediate vicinity.\\nThere was now (juite a little settlement, and Poka-\\ngon Prairie was rising rapidly in prominence as one of\\nthe favored localities of the West. Immigration con-\\ntinued even during midsummer, for, on the 12th of\\nAugust. 1826, Uzziel Putnam, Jr., came to town, I\\nbeing the first white child born within the present\\nlimits of Cass County. The first summer in Poka-\\ngon s history passed pleasantly. Nature seemed dis-\\nposed to render all the assistance in her power, the\\nIndiatis were kindly disposed, and the small plantings\\nin the spring had yielded ample returns, and the\\nautumn found the settlers amply supplied with pro-\\nvisions for the subsistence of their families and with\\ncomfortable cabins.\\nThe success of those who had settled in the vicinity\\nof the Mission and on the prairie, had been carried\\nEast, and many, on the strength of the representations\\nmade, came to investigate for themselves. During I\\nthe summer, several had visited the township; among\\nthe number was Lewis Edwards, from Warren County,\\nOhio. He made a location on the south side of the\\nprairie, being the one previously occupied by Pokagon\\nfor garden purposes. He hired Gamaliel Townsend\\nto build a cabin upon his land, and during harvest\\ntime was employed at Carey Mission. For his services\\nthere, he received three bushels of wheat, which\\nUzziel Putnam put in for him on shares. From this,\\nsixty bushels of excellent wheat was harvested the\\nnext season, and which was the first crop of wheat\\ngrown in Cass County. In the fall, he returned to\\nOhio to make final preparations for the removal of\\nhis family, and on the 18th of January, 1827, left\\nhis old home in Warren County. His household\\ngoods were loaded in a covered wagon, and drawn by\\nby a yoke of oxen and span of horses.\\nOwing to the cold weather and deep snow, the\\njourney was attended with much inconvenience and\\nprivation. At Fort Wayne, he was joined by\\nWilliam and Jesse Garwood; the track was unbro-\\nken and their progress was difficult, as the snow was\\ntwo feet deep and the weather extremely cold. To\\nMrs. Edwards it was a trying time her little daugh-\\nter was a babe of one year, and it was with some\\ndifficulty that they kept from freezing. In crossing the\\nElkhart Bottoms, the hounds of one of the wagons\\nwas broken. A rude sled was constructed, upon\\nwhich the contents of the wagon were placed. The\\nfollowing morning the Garwoods started with the\\nwagon, Mr. Edwai-ds going to the river in search of I\\ncorn, leaving Mrs. Edwards in charge of the sled,\\nwith no companion but their trusty dog. Previous to\\nhis return, she was startled by the growling of the\\ndog, and looking up beheld three Indians. One drew\\na long knife, and sticking it into a coal from the camp\\nfire, lit his pipe. Seeing that she was not intimi-\\ndated in the least, they took their departure. The\\njourney from Elkhart to where Edwardsburg now is,\\na distance of ten miles, occupied two days. On their\\narrival at the cabin of Mr. Beardsley, who was the\\nonly settler in that portion of the county, they con-\\ncluded to wait for better weather, and with him they\\nremained four weeks. Their arrival was a fortunate\\noccurrence for Beardsley, as he was entirely out of\\nfuel, and as his boys were gone to Ohio with the\\nteams for goods, had no means of obtaining a supply,\\nowing to the deep snow. They arrived in Pokagon\\nthe last of March, and for two weeks were the guests\\nof Mr. Putnam, when they moved into the cabin\\nbuilt the previous summer. Mr. Edwards immedi-\\nately entered into the improvement of his home and\\nthe development of the township, with that energy\\nand determination that was prominent in all his opera-\\ntions. He resided in Pokagon until his decease, and\\nduring his lifetime was one of the successful farmers\\nof the township. He was the first Collector and the\\nfirst Justice of Cass County. An amusing story is\\ntold in connection with his first term as Magistrate,\\nthat goes to show something of the character of the\\nman. Shortly after receiving his appointment, he\\nwas called upon to officiate at a wedding, and in order\\nthat he might be able to perform the ceremony with\\ncredit to himself, he undertook to commit his part of\\nthe programme to memory, but fearing that it might\\nfail him at a critical time, made a copy of the cere-\\nmony, which he placed in his pocket. Arriving at\\nthe house, he found the parties waiting for the knot\\nto be tied, and acting on the princi[)le that business\\nshould precede pleasure, he ordered them to take their\\npositions. Everything progressed favorably until his\\ntreacherous memory faded to respond, much to his\\ndiscomfiture, the bewilderment of the bride and\\ngroom, and to the amusement of the wedding guests;\\nbut he was soon master of the situation, for, drawing\\nthe copy from the depths of his pants pocket, he com\\nmenced where ho had left off, and read in a loud tone\\nof voice the remainder of the ceremony.\\nIn June, 1827, the elder Townsend came with his\\nfamily, which consisted of his wife and daughters,\\nMary, Eliza and Amy, and his son-in-law, Abram\\nLoukes. He lived with his son, Gamaliel, until the\\nfollowing yeir, 1828, when he moved to La Grange,\\nand located upon the prairie which for many years\\nbore his name.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0279.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "210\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe pioneers of Pokagon were not negligent of that\\nfirst care of all thoughtful American citizens, the\\nschoolhouse. In the fall of 1828, they procured the\\ncabin built by Potter, and in it Mrs. Gamaliel Town-\\nsend taught the first school that was held in that\\nState west of Detroit and Monroe, with the exception\\nof the mission school at Carey. The first religious\\nmeeting in Cass County was probably held about this\\ntime at the residence of Uzziel Putnam. The Rev.\\nLuther Humphrey was undoubteiUy the first clergy-\\nman who administered to their spiritual wanes. He\\nwas sent out by the Presbyterian Church of New En-\\ngland as a missionary, and labored for several years\\nthrough Cass and Berrien Counties. He was an\\neccentric man, and held many peculiar ideas, one of\\nwhich was that every family should consume as nearly\\nas possible all that they raised. Hi^^ prejudice against\\nslavery was of the most ultra character, and he would\\nnot buy, nor use anything that was the product of\\nslave labor.\\nPokagon Prairie had now become the center of a\\nthriving and busy settlement, capable of sustaining its\\npeople and furnishing supplies to new-comers. Its\\nhistory from this time to the present is not marked\\nby many remarkable reminiscences. It only presents\\nthe ordinary trials and incidents common to new set-\\ntlements, remote from the comforts and conveniences\\nof older portions of the country. Looking back from\\nto-day to those pioneer times, we can but faintly picture\\nin our minds the contrast existing between the beauti-\\nful homes and fertile fields of to-day, and those rude\\nlog cabins of the forefathers in the wilderness. At\\nthe time of which we write, the nearest mill was at\\nFort Wayne, with the exception of the mill at the\\nCarey Mission, which was a very primitive affair, i\\noperated by horses or oxen. It was a decided im-\\nprovement, however, upon the hand-mills, which were\\nquite common, a description of which is given in the\\ngeneral history. One feature of the mill at the mi.ssion\\nis still vivid in the recollections of the pioneer, the\\nexcessive toll, by some stated to be one half, notwith-\\nstanding the fact, that its customers were obliged to\\nfurnish the motive power and do all the work.\\nThe pioneer plow also deserves special mention.\\nThe land side and shire was the only part made of\\niron, the mold-board was of wood, worked from a piece\\nof winding timber, in order to give it its concavity.\\nThe handles were made from the roots of trees, the\\nlower portion of which run into the body of the tree.\\nThese plows, rude as they were, did good service,\\nand were in use up to about 1840. Grain was har-\\nvested with cradles, although sickles were in occasional\\nuse. The grain was either tramped out with horses\\nor oxen, or thrashed with flails; it was winnowed\\nwith hand fans, or by pouring it from one blanket to\\nanother on a windy day. The graia thus obtained\\nwas fre(iuently drawn long distances to market, and\\nthe price received was frequently as low as 50\\ncents per bushel for wheat, and 75 cents was considered\\nto be a fair compensation for the labor expended.\\nNotwithstanding the extremely low prices of farm\\nproduce, when compared with those of to-day, few\\nwere so poor as to need aid. There were many who\\nstruggled along in their conflict with the wilderness,\\nsubmitting with true American grit and pride, to the\\nseverest pressure of fortune, rather than call on others\\nfor assistance. There was generally something to eat,\\nand every farmer s family calculated to make their\\nown clothing; but money was scarcer than people can\\nwell comprehend at the present day, even in the\\nhardest of hard times. Your taxes are 75 cents,\\nsaid the collector to a Pokagon farmer in the early\\ndays.\\nBless my soul, sir, I haven t got 75 cents in the\\nworld, and I don t know where I can get it, or when\\nI can get it. Well, now, that is bad, replied the\\nofficial, but you will have to manage it in some way.\\nWe have got to have the taxes sure. After much\\nnegotiation, it was agreed that the collector should\\ntake two bushels of wheat and assume the taxes him-\\nself.\\nIn the latter part of September of 1828, Alexander\\nRodgers and his family, which consisted of his wife\\nand eight children Samuel, Alexander, Jr., John,\\nThomas, William, Rebecca, Margaret and Isabel left\\nPreble County, Ohio, for Pokagon. He had previ-\\nously made two trips of exploration to the new coun-\\ntry, traveling on foot. With hira came John McKinsey\\nand his family, and John Morton and family,\\nmaking a party of twenty-five, exclusive of a\\nman by the name of Adny, who had been hired\\nto assist them in their removal. Their route lay\\nthrough a dense wilderness occasionally they came\\nto the cabin of some adventurous Frenchman, who\\nhad commenced the construction of a farm. Their\\njourney was devoid of any incident worthy of record,\\nand soon after their arrival, Rodgers settled on the\\nnortii half of Section 31, on land now owned by W. A.\\nand Thomas Rodgers. The elder Rodgers soon took a\\nprominent part in the affairs of the little settlement,\\nand his name is connected with nearly all of the\\nimportant events in its pioneer history. He was\\nprobably the first Supervisor, or at least the first of\\nwhom we have any positive knowledge, being elected\\nin 1831, but for reasons stated elsewhere, did not\\nrepresent the township at the meeting of the first\\nBoard of Supervisors held in October, 1831. He was\\nan athletic man, industrious and energetic, and it is", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0280.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nstated that he could wield the ax with much dex-\\nterity and execution, an important qualification in the\\nmake-up of a pioneer, and one in which they took a\\nlaudable pride. He was also fond of the chase, an\\nexcellent shot and a successful trapper. Four of his\\nsons are now prominent residents of the town John\\nand Alexander in the north and Thomas and W. A.\\nin the southern portion of the township.\\nMcKinsey settled on Section 61, but removed to\\nBerrien County about 1830.\\nThe Burks were also a prominent family they came\\nfrom Giles County, Va., in the autumn of 1828, and\\nsettled on Section 19,just north of the location of Rod-\\ngers the family consisted of eight children William,\\nThomas, Andrew L., Nancy, Polly, Rebecca, Rachael\\nand Margaret. William filled many positions of trust,\\nand responsibility, and his name is found among those\\nwho have represented the county in the Legislature.\\nWith the Burks came Mrs. Lybrook, and her two\\nsons, Baltzer and Isaac. She was a woman of much\\nforce of character and energy, and was endowed with\\nmore business ability than most women. With her\\nneedle she earned a sum sufficient to purchase 120\\nacres of land in Berrien County, where the family re-\\nmoved in 1810, where Isaac now resides. Baltzer\\nis a prominent farmer and early settler in tlie town-\\nship of Silver Creek.\\nArchibald Clyborn and family, consisting of his\\nwife and three children Louisa, William L. and\\nThomas K., came from Giles County, Va., in Novem-\\nber of 1828. He stayed with Squire Edwards during\\nthe winter, and in the spring bought the improvements\\nof Gamaliel Townsend, who removed to La Grange.\\nHe died in Pokagon in 1846. He was one of the\\nleading spirits in the early times, and was prominent\\nin all the initial enterprises of the pioneer days.\\nIn common with the organization of the county was\\nthe erection of the four original townsiiips Pokagon,\\nLa Grange, Ontwa anil Penn. The act by which\\nPokagon .was erected was approved November l;3,\\n1829, and reads as follows That all that part of\\nthe county of Cass, known and distinguished on the\\nsurvey of the United States as Townships numbered\\n5 and 6, and the north half of Township 7, south of\\nRange 16 west, be a township by the name of Poka-\\ngon, and the first township meeting therein shall be\\nheld at the house of Baldwin Jenkins. There is no\\nrecord of a township meeting being held in the spring\\nof 1830, but there is strong presumptive evidence\\nthat the latter clause in the organic act was complied\\nwith, and an election held, as the township had an\\nAssessor and Collector in that year, and undoubtedly\\na full complement of officials. H. C. Lybrook relates,\\nthat shortly after his arrival in Pokagon, in May,\\n1830, he was called upon by Ashbill W. McCollum,\\nwho assessed his horse, saddle and bridle, and that in\\nthe fall of 1830, he paid to Lewis Edwards a tax of\\n6 cents.\\nIn 1831, the following officers were elected: Alex-\\nander Rodgers, Supervisor; Joseph Gardner, Township\\nClerk; Uzziel Putnam. William Boon and Ashbill\\nW. McCollum, Assessors; Squire Thompson, Joseph\\nGardner and Joseph Garwood, Commissioners of\\nHighways; Samuel Morton and Calvin Sullivan,\\nConstables; Uzziel Putnam, Pound Master; Isaac\\nDuckett and Archibald Clyborn, Fence Viewers;\\nJohn Ray and Samuel Markham, Overseers of High-\\nways; Lewis Edwards, Collector.\\nBy reference to the proceedings of the first Board\\nof Supervisors, in October, 1831, it will be seen that\\nSquire Thompson represented Pokagon. The history\\nof the matter is that Rodgers was elected and (jualified,\\nand in August was taken seriously ill, and Squire\\nThompson was appointed in his place by the Township\\nBoard.\\nMarch 20, 1837, Silver Creek was set oflf, and the\\nfollowing year, 1838, the north half of Township 7\\nwas detached, and with the south half of the same\\ntownship the present town of Howard was erected.\\nThe most important event of this year, aside from\\nthe organization of the county and its four townships,\\nwere the land sales, which at that time were held at\\nMonroe. The United States law required that every\\npiece of land should be put up at auction, after which,\\nif not bid off, it was subject to private entry, at $1.25\\nper acre. To avoid competition and the risk of losing\\nthe improvements they had made, each one quietly\\nkept his own counsel, and after the land had been\\noffered, made application and received his certificate-\\nAlexander Rodgers, Squire Thompson, Samuel and\\nIsrael Markham, Baldwin Jenkins, Archibald Cly-\\nborn, Lewis Edwards, Joseph Gardner, Jesse Toney,\\nUzziel Putnam, Isaac W. Duckett and N. Haines\\nwere the only ones who made entries in this year.\\nThe following comprises the names of all who made\\nthe original entries in Pokagon, giving the section,\\nnumber of acres, date of entry and residence of the\\nparties.\\nIt will be noticed that the residences of those who\\nentered these lands in June, 1820, is given as Len-\\nawee County this is accounted for in the fact, that, at\\nthis time, the present county of Cass was a part of\\nthe township of St. Joseph, which included all terri-\\ntory lying west of Lenawee, to which the Indian\\ntitles had been extinguished by the treaty of Chi-\\ncago. Thi.s township was created by act of the Ter-\\nritorial Legislature, approved April 12, 1827, and\\nattached to Lenawee County for judical purposes,", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0281.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSkctio.n 1.\\nACRES.\\nJesse G. Beeson, Berrien County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1833 40\\nWilliam Sheldoa. Niagara County, N. Y. Aug. 11, 183.5 80\\nAaron M. Collins. Wayne County, Ind.. Oct. 14, 1835 80\\nGeorge Hamilton, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 4, 1835 80\\nJacob Silver, March 14, 1836 100\\nA. H. Edwirdi, Berrien County, Mich,, July 18,\\nTitus Hustei, C*ss County, Mich., .\\\\pril 23, 1836\\nSection 2.\\nHenry Salladay, Cass County, Mich., June 21, 1832\\nJ. G. Beeson. Berrien County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1833\\nNathan Wells, July 21, 1835\\nJoshua Sheldon, Nov. 4, 1835\\nJohn Mufley. St. Joseph County, Mich, Jan. 21. 1836\\nHirim Dodge, Lenawee County, .Mich., March 14. 1836\\nWilliam Mosher, Washington County. N. Y., July 13, 1836..\\nHenry Albert, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 9, 1857\\n59\\nSection 3.\\nThomas H. Davis. Erie County, N. Y., Nov 27, 1835\\nJames Davis, Jr., Erie County. N. Y.. Nov. 12, 1835..\\nChester Comings, Worcester t^unty, .Mass., March 1, 1837\\nJames L. Glenn, Berrien County, Mich., March 3, 1837\\nJackson Myers. Cass County, Mich., April 7, 1818\\nSbction 4.\\nSamuel Markham, Ciss County, Mich., Jan 4, 1836\\nIsaac Mills. Cass County, Mich., April 29, 1836\\nThomas A. H Edwards, Berrien County, .Mich., July 18,\\n1836 v-\\nChester Comings, Worcester County. Mass.. March 1, 1837...\\nJacob S. Everding. Cass County, Mich.. March 3. 1848\\nMichael Dewey, Berrien County, Mich., March 7, 1850\\nSection 5.\\nAlexander Rodgers, Sr.. Cass County, Mich., April 10, 1834.\\nIsaac Williams, C ws County, Mich.. Dec. 29, 1835\\nSamuel Rodgers, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1835\\nJohn Kingrey, St. Joseph County, Ind., Jan. 29, 1836\\nJesse Mills, Cass County, Mich.. April 29, 1836\\nIsaac Williams, C*ss County, Mich., June 28, 1837\\nIsaac Williams, Cass County, Mich.. March 1, 1847\\nSection 6.\\nAlexander Rodgers, Sr., Cass County, Mich., March 3, 1834..\\nAlexander Rodgers, Sr., Cass County, Mich., July 1, 1834....\\nJames Herron, Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 6, 1834\\nPeabody Cook Cass County. Mich. Feb. 4, 183 1.\\n.Jacob Silver, Cass C junty. Mich.. March 14, 1836\\nDelonson Curtis, Cass County. Mich., April 29. 1836\\nWalter G Beckwith, Ontario County, N. V.. Ju\\n8. IS\\nSbction 7.\\nJames Herron. Berrien County. Mich.. Nov. 6, 1835\\nJacob Barnharl. Cass County. Mich.. Dec. 2, 1835\\nJacob Barnhart, Cass County, Mich.. July 7, 1836\\nThomas A. H. Edwards. Berrien County, Mich., July 18,\\n1836\\nJacob Simmons, Cass County, Mich., April 29. 1837\\nSection 8.\\nCass County, Mich., Aug. 2, 1832....\\nAshbiU Ward McColl\\nIsaac Smith, Berrien County, Mich., April 10, 1884\\nIsaac Smith, Berrien County, Mich., May 9, 1834 40\\nIsaac Smith, Berrien County, Mich., April 10, 1834 120\\nJonathan Brown.\\nIsaac Smith. Berrien County, Mich.. May 20, 1836 40\\nAlexander Rodgers, Sr., Cass County, Mich., July 1. 1836... 80\\nThomas A. H. Edwards, Berrien County, Mich., July 28,\\n1836 120\\nEdwards Gill, New York Ciiy, July 28, 1836 80\\nSection 9.\\nJohn Witter, Cass County, Mich., May 30, 18.30 8tl\\nElias Brewster Sherman, Cass County, Mich.. Dec. 24, 1833.. 40\\nFrederick VeJder, Monroe County, N. Y., Nov. 25, 1836 80\\nJames Devoe, Berrien County. Mich., Nov. 25, 1835 160\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 27, 1836 40\\nGill Edwards, New York City, July 18, 1836 240\\nSection 10.\\nSamuel Markham, Cass County, .Mich., Feb. 11, 1834 40\\nJames Emmons. Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 10, 1834 80\\nJohn Emmons, Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 10, 1834 40\\nWilliam True, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 16, 1835 40\\nJames Emmons, La Purte, Ind., July 20, 1835 40\\nJames Devoe, Berrien County. .Mich., Nov. 25, 1835 80\\nHiram Dodge. Lenawee County. Mich., March 14, 1835 160\\nThomas A. H. Edwards, Berrien County, Mich July 18,\\n1835 160\\nSection 11.\\nJonatJian Dewey, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1835 40\\nHiram Dodge, Lenawee County, Mich., March 14, 1836 240\\nWilliam Mosher. Washington County. N. Y., July 13, 1836.... 160\\nTheophilas A. Gill, Cass County. Mich., Jan. 15, 1842 80\\nRichard McCoy, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 26, 1847 40\\nRichard McCoy, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 21, 1848 40\\nSectio.n 12.\\nJohn Simpson, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 17, 1835 40\\nAndrew Y. Moore. Kalamazoo County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1835. 80\\nWilliam Duncan, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1835... 80\\nElias Simpson, Cass County, Mich. Jan. 9, 1831) 40\\nJohn aifion, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 14, 183G 40\\nWilliam Thompson, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 183t; 40\\nThomas A. H. Edwards, Berrien County. Mich., July 18,\\n1836 320\\nGeorge N. Warner. Erie County, N. Y., March 10, 1837 80\\nSection 13.\\nHenry Dewey. Union County, Ind., Oct. 16, 1830 160\\nIsaac Dewey, Union County. Ind., Oct. Ill, 1830 80\\nJames A. Woods, Ross County, Ohio Nov. 22, 1830 80\\nSolomon Dewey. Cass County, Mich.. Dec. 14, 1835 40\\nJohn J. Chasteer, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 2, 1837 40\\nJohn Heath, Cass County, Mich., March 2, 1837 DiO\\nSection 14.\\ni Joseph Stretch. Cass County. Mich.. July 29. 1831 80\\nHiram Dodge, Lenawee County. Mich., March 14, 1831; 80\\n.lames Husted, Ca\u00c2\u00abs County, .Mich.. March 30, 1837 80\\nTitus Husted, Cass County, Mich., March 30, 1837 40\\nJohn Heath, Cass County, Mich., April 6, 1837 80\\nNathan Wells, Cass County. Mich.. Aug. 19, 1837 40\\nJohn Stretch Cass County. Mich., Oct. 23, 1846 40\\nRichard McCoy, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 26, 1847 40\\nHenry Stretch, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 21, 1848 40", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0282.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "JVIOSES W. SIJ^PSO^I.\\n|/1FIS.^0SES W. SIMPSO^f.\\nMOSES W. SIMPSON.\\nMoses VV. Simpson, one of the pioneers of Poka-\\ngon, was born in Pembroke, N. H., May 16, 1808.\\nHe was the eldest in the family of Samuel and Re-\\nbecca (Dickerman) Simpson, which consisted of seven\\nchildren, four boys and three girls. The elder Simp-\\nson was a farmer, and possessed of those elements of\\ncharacter that have always distinguished the sons of\\nthe Granite State. Moses was reared on the farm,\\nand the rugged hills and sterile soil aided in the de-\\nvelopment of a robust constitution and many admir-\\nable traits of character that might perhaps have\\nremained dormant under other circumstances. He\\nearly evidenced a desire for books, which was fostered\\nby his parents, and he received a liberal academical\\neducation. He remained under the parental roof un-\\ntil he was twenty-five years of age, at which time he\\nwas married to Miss Sarah H. Blaisdell, of Hopkin-\\nton, N. H., where she was born September 8, 1811.\\nHer parents, Samuel and Dorotha (Straw) Blaisdell,\\nwere of English parentage and New England birth.\\nMr. Blaisdell resided in New Hampshire until his\\ndeath, which occurred in 1841. His wife came to\\nMichigan, where she died at the home of her daugh-\\nter, in 1859. In 1\u00c2\u00bb.36, Mr. Simpson and his family\\ncame to Pokagon and settled on the farm which was\\never afterward his home he purchased 380 acres of\\nnew land on Section 20, and with that energy which\\nwas one of the salient points of his character, com-\\nmanded the development of his home. He took an\\nactive interest in all matters pertaining to the advance-\\nment of the township, and largely identified himself\\nwith its growth and prosperity his ability was soon\\nrecognized by his fellow-townsmen, and he filled\\nmany positions of trust and responsibility, with credit\\nto himself and to the satisfaction of all although\\nnot a politician, according to the present definition of\\nthe term, he was prominently connected with county\\nand State politics. His death occurred on June 16,\\n1849. He had been to Cassopolis as a delegate to a\\npolitical convention, and as he was near his home his\\nhorses became frightened, by the breaking of the har-\\nness, and ran away; he was thrown from the wagon and\\ninstantly killed his death was a serious loss to the\\ncounty, and although he had only been a resident\\nthirteen years, he had attained a prominent position,\\nand was a recognized leader in matters both social\\nand political. In the accumulation of property, Mr.\\nSimpson was successful he was possessed of more\\nthan an ordinary amount of energy, which, coupled\\nwith good judgment and keen discrimination, assured\\nhis success in every department of life. His social\\nqualities were of a high order, and his generosity and\\nhospitality were proverbial. He left two daughters\\nRebecca, now Mrs. Edwin Austin, and Lydia T.\\nAfter the death of her husband, Mrs. Simpson as-\\nsumed the management of the estate, which she con-\\nducted successfully until 18.50, when she was again\\nmarried to John H. Simpson, brother of her first\\nhusband. He was a native of New Hampshire, and\\na man universally esteemed he died August 19,\\n1879, in the fifty-sixth year of his age. Mrs. Simp-\\nson is still living upon the old homestead. She has\\npassed apparently unscathed through the pioneer\\ntimes, and is enjoying in the evening of her days\\nthe fruition of a well-spent life, surrounded by her\\nfamily and a large circle of appreciative friends.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0283.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0284.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSbction 15.\\n1CRI8.\\nJonathan Goble, Franklin County, Ind., Aug. 28, 1835 120\\nAndrew Y. Moore, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1835 IdO\\nWilliam Duncan, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1835... KIO\\nHiram Dodge. Lenawee County, Mich., March 14, 183U 320\\nMitcbell Robinson, Cass County, .Mich., May 12, 1836 40\\nSkction 17.\\nBaldwin Jenkins, Cass County, Mich. March 11, 1830 80\\nAlexander Rodgers, Sr., Cass County, Mich., Nov. 5, 1831... 148\\nAlexander Rodgers, Jr., Cass County, Mich., June 5, 1835..\\nSamuel Rodgers, Cass County, Mich., June 5, 1835\\nJonithan Hartsell, St. Joseph County, Ind., Dec. 12, 1835..\\nSamuel Rodgers, Berrien County, Mich. Jan. 29, 183(;\\nJonathan Brown, Berrien County, Mich., April 21, 183tj\\nSoplironia Sherman, Berrien County, Mich., May 21, 183li..\\nJosiah B. ScoviU, Orwell bounty, Vt., July 21, 18.3tj\\nEbenezer Runnell, Ontario County Vt., July 25, 1830\\nSamuel I. Rodgers, Cass County, Vt., March Hi, 18-52\\nSection 18.\\nAlexander Rodgers, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 2, 1832 IGfi\\nJehiel Luddington, Cass County, Mich., March 25, 1836 72\\nLewis Edw.irds, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 1, 1837 GO\\nJoseph Gardner, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 2, 1837 104\\nPeabody Cook, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 2, 1837 104\\nWilliam Beach, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 3, 1842....\\nWilliiim Beach, Cass County, .Mich., Aug. 3, 184lj...\\nWilliam Beach, Cass County, Mich., April 11, 1848.,\\n40\\nSection 23.\\nRobert Farris, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 7, 1832\\nJames C. Farris, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 12, 1832\\nJoseph Garwood, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 7, 1833\\nGeorge Van Vlear, Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 19, 1833.\\nSolomon Dewey, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 31, 1833\\nRichard McCoy, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 15, 1835\\nJesse G. Beeson, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 12, 183G\\nHenry Sifford, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 25, 1836\\nJoseph Garwood, Cass County, Mich., March 25, 1836...\\nRichard McCoy, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 20, 1836\\nJohn Collins, Cass County, Mich., April 6, 1836\\nSection 24.\\nMinerva Barnaby, Wayne County, Ind., Nov. 30, 183i;.\\nWilliam Taylor, Ross County, Ohio, Jan. 8, 1831\\nHenry Dewey, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 9, 1831\\nRobert Farris, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 7, 1832\\nJohn Clifton, (^ass County, ^Hch., Feb. 23, 1833\\nGeorge Van Vlear, Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 19, 1833.\\nThomas Simpson, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 16, 1833....\\nWilliam Taylor, llass County, Mich., Jan. 29, 1834\\nJohn Collins, Wayne County, Ind., Oct. 14, 1835\\nJohn Clifton, Wayne County, Ind., Dec. 7, 1835\\nSection 19.\\nAlexander Rodgers, Lenawee County, Mich., June 20, 1829.. 80\\nWilliam Burk, Cass County, Mich., April 13, 1830 120\\nThomas Burk, Cass County, .Mich., Nov. 16, 1830 66\\nThomas Burk, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 20, 1830 40\\nWilliam Burk, Cass County, Mich., July 24, 1835 40\\nThomas A. H. Edwards, Berrien County, Mich., July 18,\\n1836 120\\nTheresa A. Bertrand, Berrien County. Micb., April 27, 1836 78\\nThomas Burk, Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 28, 1836 40\\nSection 20.\\nSquire Thompson, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829.... 306\\nSquire Thompson, Cass County, Mich., June 23, 1834 60\\nJoseph Bertrand, Berrien County, Mich., March 30, 1836.... 81\\nSection 21.\\nSquire Thompson, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829.... 80\\nH. McGwin, Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 2^, 1830 59\\nJohuCurran, Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 29, 1830 59\\nJames Hopkins Hatch, New York City, June 27, 1836 154\\nEli W. Veach, Case County, Mich.. Aug. 3, 18.35 40\\nAndrew Y. Moore, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1835. 80\\nWilliam Duncan, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1835... 80\\nDaniel Pringle, Stark County, Ohio, Dec. 12, 1836 80\\nJonathan Hartsell, St. Joseph County, Mich., Dec. 12, 183 80\\nJonathan Hartsell, St. Joseph County, Mich., Dec. 12, 1835.. 40\\nSection 22.\\n.Samuel Markham, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 2, 1832 80\\nJames Hopkins Hatch, New York City, Jan. 27, 1836 80\\nJohn B. Gohle, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 24, 1835 120\\nJohn B. Goble, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 11, 1835 IGO\\nHiram Dodge, Lenawee County, Mich., March 14, 1836 40\\nJohn B. Goble, Cass County, .Mich., Feb. 27, 1837 40\\nHenry Albert, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 28, 1837 120\\nSection 25.\\nJesse Garwood, St. Joseph County, Ind., May 13,1832..\\nRobert Farris, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 13, 1832\\nJesse Garwood, Cass County. Mich., Feb. 7, 1833\\nJoseph Gardner, Cass County, Mich., July 23, 1835\\nJacob Silver, tiass County, Mich., Sept. 28, 1835\\nAaron M. Collins, Wayne ounty, Ind., Oct. 14, 1835..\\nJames Dickson, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1835\\nSection 26.\\n1 William W. Welch, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 15, 1832.\\nj Richard McCoy, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 12, 1832....\\nI C. B. Tucker, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 17, 1832\\nC. A. Fletcher, Chautauqua County, N. Y., Aug. 1, 1831\\nJohn Collins, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 28, 1835\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 28, 1835\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 28, 1835\\nMoses W. Simpson, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 30, 1836.\\nJames Dickson, Cass County, .Mich., Oct. 28, 1835\\nW. G. Straw, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31, 1835\\nAmos Dow, Cass County, Mich., July 16, 1836\\nSection 27.\\nRichard Mc(?oy, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 9, 1832\\nLane Markham, Cass County, i\\\\Hch Oct. 2, 1832\\nThomas Clyborn, Cass County, Mich., April 23,1833\\n.Tames Hopkins Hatch, New York City, April 8, 1834\\nStephen Paine, Butler County, Ohio, Oct. 12, 1835\\nW. G. Straw, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31, 1835\\nWelthy Hartwell, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1835\\nReuben Haynes, Worcester County, Mass., Nov. 29, 1836...,\\nSamuel Markham, Worcester (^unty. Mass Feb. 2, 1837..\\nJames Husted, Worcester County, Mass., March, 1887\\nSection 28.\\nSamuel Markham, Lenawee County, .Mich., June 19, 1829..\\nIsrael Markham, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829....\\nSquire Thompson, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829....\\n.Samuel Markham, t!as8 County, Mich., May 11, 1830\\nDavis Sink, (Xsa County, .Mich., Nov. 14, 1830\\nI James Hopkins Hatch, New York City, June 27, 1835", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0285.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "214\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSection 29.\\nACEE8,\\nIsrael Markham. Jr., Lenawee County, Mich., June 22, 1829 80\\nSamuel Markham, Lenawee County, Mich., .Tune 29, 1829... 80\\nBaldwin Jenkins, Len.awee County Mich., June 29, 1829 320\\nIsrael Markham, Jr., Lenawee County. Mich., July 16, 1829 80\\nSamuel Markham, Lenawee County, Mich., July 27, 1829 80\\nSection 30.\\nAlex Rodgers, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 144\\nArchibald Clyborn, Lenawee County, Mich., Nov. 5, 1829 183\\nBaldwin Jenkins, Cass County, Mich., March 11, 1830 45\\nAlex Rodgers, Cass County, Mich., April 13, 1830 42\\nDelonson Curtis, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 4, 1830 65\\nIsaac Sumner, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 4, 1830 80\\nSection 31.\\nAlex Rorlgers, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829......... 212\\nLewis Edwards, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 104\\nJoseph Gardner, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 98\\nJesse Toney, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 83\\nSamuel Morton, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 25, 1831 7i\\nSection 32.\\nU. Putnam, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 80\\nA. Clyborn, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 80\\nUzziel Putnam, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 80\\nArchibald Clyborn, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829... 80\\nIsaac W. Duckett, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829.... 80\\nL. Edwards, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 80\\nJ. Gardner, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 80\\nJ. Gardner, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 80\\nJ. W. Duckett, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 80\\nNathan Haines, Cass County, .Mich., Oct. 6, 1829 80\\nJonas Rible, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 7, 1832 80\\nSection 33.\\nJoseph Garwood, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 160\\nUzziel Putnam, Cass County, Mich., April 10, 1830 80\\nJoseph Garwood, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 19, 1831 80\\nSamuel Markham, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 5, 1832 40\\nHenry Sifford, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 19, 1832 40\\nJames Beverly Hobart, Cass County, Mich., May, 11, 1833... 80\\nLewis Edwards, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 2, 1834 120\\nHenry Sifford, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 11, 1836 40\\nSection 34.\\nNehemiah C. Sanford, Litchfield County, Conn., .Tune 25, 1835. 160\\nWilliam L. Clyborn, Cass County, Mich., July 13. 1835 40\\nJohn Collins, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31, 1835 160\\nNathan McCoy, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1835 40\\nCharles Barton, Cass County, Mich., Nov. .30, 1836 80\\nGiUman Wilherell, New York State, Nov. 30, 1836 160\\nSection 35.\\nNehemiah C. Sanford, Litchfield County, Conn., June 25, 1836. 400\\nJohn Collins, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 28, 1835 240\\nSection 36.\\nElizabeth Lowe, C.ss County, Mich., Nov. 1, 1830 80\\nJoseph McPherson, t^ass County, Mich., Nov. 1, 1830 80\\nJohn Boon, Cass County, Mich., April 24, 1835 40\\nNehemiah C. Sanford, Litchfield County, Conn., June 26, 1836. 160\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Midi., Sept. 28, 1835 120\\nJohn Collins, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 28, 183.5...., 80\\nThere is a diversity of opinion as to who the par-\\nties were to the first marriage contract. The records\\nin the office of the County Clerk show that in May,\\n1830, Mr. Lane Markham was united in marriage to\\nMiss Margaret Griifen. They were undoubtedly the\\nfirst couple to enter the hymenial state from Pokagan,\\nand the second in Cass County. James Kavanaugh\\nand Miss Amy Townsend, of La Grange, being the\\nfirst. One of the first matters to receive the attention\\nof the pioneers was the construction of roads. This\\nwas especially the case where the land was heavily\\ntimbered. On the prairies and oak openings, there\\nwas, of course, not the necessity, for regular thorough-\\nfares, and the roads in such districts ran wherever the\\nconvenience of the pioneers could best be subserved.\\nThe Indians had direct routes of travel from one point\\nto another, and many of the first roads followed these\\ntrails for their general direction. There were two of\\nthese Indian roads in Pokagon in the early days, that\\nin railroad parlance might be called trunk lines. One\\nwas called the Kankakee Trail, and entered the town-\\nship on Section 31, and took a northerly course\\nthrough the western part of the township, and entered\\nthe present township of Silver Creek on Section 31\\nfrom this point it bore to the northeast, and intersected\\nthe Territorial road in Van Buren County. The\\nother entered the township about two miles further\\neast, and traversed the township diagonally from\\nsouthwest to northeast. The old stage route from\\nNiles to Kalamazoo followed this trail very nearly in\\nits course through Pokagon.\\nFor nearly ten years Niles was the market town for\\nPokagon people, and a road from Suranerville to this\\npoint was opened about 1831. The next road of\\nimportance was that running from Cassopolis to Ber-\\nrien, which was laid out the following year. None of\\nthese early roads are in existence as they were origi-\\nnally surveyed, the location of villages and the\\ndemands of settlers necessitating continued changes.\\nThe angling road from Dowagiac to Pokagon was sur-\\nveyed in 1833, and cutout in 1834. Two years later,\\nit became a part of the stage route from Niles to Kal-\\namazoo, which was one of the prominent advantages\\nof the township until it was superseded by the main\\nline of the Michigan Central Railroad. The follow-\\ning embraces the names of all who were assessed for\\nroad tax in 1831. As Pokagon at that time embraced\\nthe north part of Howard, many of the names given\\nresided south of the present southern boundary.\\nJoseph Gardner, Joseph Garwood and Sijuire Thomp-\\nson were Commissioners of Highways, and John Ray\\nand Samuel Markham, Overseers\\nWilliam Boon, John Clark, William Morris, Joseph\\nHarter, Peter Barnhart, Jacob Kinsey, Solomon", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0286.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n215\\nLandes, John L. Kinsey, Jacob L. Kinsey, Adam\\nMichael, Isaac Murphy, Joseph Garwood, Isaac W.\\nDuckett and Uzziel Putnam, Archibald Clyborn,\\nHenry SiflFord, Samuel Morton. Alexander Rogers,\\nJerre Toney, William Garwood, Lewis Edwards,\\nJacob Landes, Joseph Gardner, Martin Reed, Edward\\nMarkham, Jacob Nye, John Pool, Thomas Phillips,\\nWilliam Kirk, James Kirk, John McUaniel, John\\nWoolman, William Griffis, Phillip Baltimore, William\\nFarris and George Holloway.\\nPostal facilities, like everything else, have passed\\nthrough successive changes, commensurate with the\\ndevelopment of the county, and the demands of the\\npeople. The mails were first carried by a man on\\nfoot, then came the post-boy, the stage coach, and the\\nrailway train. The first post office was an exceedingly\\nprimitive affair. It was never required, excepting\\nwhen there was no settler s house central enough to\\naccommodate the inhabitants. It consisted of a small\\nbox, with two parts inside and lid on top, and nailed\\nto a tree located as stated above. In this box the boy\\nleft the mail, and took the letters to be sent away.\\nThis box was never tampered with, which is evidence\\nof the good character of the people of those days.\\nThe first Postmaster in Pokagon was Samuel Mark-\\nham. He received his mail at Niles, and carried it to\\nhis house where the office was kept. About 1832,\\nthe Government established a post route, and for\\nabout four years the mails were carried by an English\\nboy, by the name of George Cook, who is still remem-\\nbered by the early settler as a character he rode\\none hundred miles of the route and was as brave as he\\nwas hardy. Letters were a luxury in the pioneer\\ntimes they were written on foolscap paper, and so\\nfolded that one side was left blank, so as to form its\\nown envelope, and they were sealed with wax or a\\nwafer. The postage was invariable 25 cents,\\nand many a letter from the old folks at home was\\nkept for weeks in the office, for the single reason that\\nfhe party to whom it was addressed was unable to pay\\nthe postage. The first post office was established at\\nand called Pokagon, and subsequently one was estab-\\nlished at Sumnerville. In April of 18.32, the people\\nwere startled by the report that the Indians had\\nbegun a war of extermination, and that all Western\\nsettlements were in imminent danger of annihilation.\\nOne report was that Chicago had been burned, and\\nits settlers ma.ssacred and that three or four thou-\\nsand Indians were on the march eastward, with torch\\nand tomahawk, destroying everything on their route.\\nand slaughtering the inhabitants. The news sprcail\\nwith lightning rapidity, and the excitement that fol-\\nlowed was indeed terrible. The settlers were called\\nout with orders to rendezvous at Niles, and to !)ring\\nsuch arms as were attainable. Among those who\\nreported for duty were Joseph Gardner, Joseph Gar-\\nwood, Samuel Rodgers, Jesse Garwood, W. S. Clyborn,\\nHenry Sifford, Solomon Landes, Jonathan Dewev,\\nand a number of others whose names we have not\\nbeen able to obtain.\\nThe people of Pokagon, from their close proximity\\nto the Indian reservation at Niles, where there were\\nseveral thousand Pottawatomies, would have been in\\ngreater danger perhaps than any other portion of the\\ncounty, and this fact, no doubt, added to the intense\\nexcitement that prevailed for about two weeks, when\\nfirst reports were contradicted and people returned to\\ni their business. For a detailed history of this event,\\nwhich might be designated as a scare, as the hostile\\nIndians did not come within a hundred miles of Chi-\\ncago, we refer the reader to the general history.\\nMitchell Robinson was a Virginian by birth he\\nremoved to Kentucky with his parents when a young\\nman, where he married a Miss Maria Caldwell after\\na residence of five years in Kentucky, he removed to\\nGreene County, Ohio, where he lived eight years. In\\nI April, 1832, he came to Cass County in company\\nwith Edward Powers and son, and Joseph Caldwell,\\nhis wife s brother. He located about one mile north\\nof the present village of Pokagon, where he resided\\nmany years. But few men left a better record, or\\nidentified themselves more prominently with Poka-\\ngon s history than he.\\nThe first settlers in the east central part of the\\ntownship were Henry Dewey and Joseph Stretch.\\nDewey entered 160 acres on Section 13 in October,\\n1830, and in July of the following year. Stretch\\nlocated eighty acres on Section 14. The family of\\nMr. Stretch consisted of his wife and four sons John,\\nWilliam, Henry and Isaac. He first stopped on\\nMcKinney s Prairie, where he built a cabin and put\\nin a crop. In the fall, he removed to Pokagon, and,\\ni during a portion of the winter, occupied a cabin built\\nby Mr. Dewey in the spring. The winter following\\nwas extremely cold, and the family suffered many\\nprivations and hardships. The land was heavily\\ntimbered, and for two or three years he was obliged\\nto raise crops onthe prairie. He was a Pennsylvanian\\nby birth, but was reared in Virginia he lived several\\nyears in Ohio, and from thence removed to Wayne\\nCounty, Ind., where he lived until his removal to\\nCass County in April of 1831, in company with Mr.\\nDewey and his family, consisting of his wife and\\neleven children Isaac, Jonathan, Solomon, Aaron,\\nNathan, David, Enoch, Eliza, Rebecca, Nancy and\\nj Lucinda.\\nIn 1832, Mr. Dewey went to La Grange, where he\\nremained a short time, when he returned to Pokagon.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0287.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "216\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN,\\nSome time after, several of his old neighbors from\\nWayne County came to look at the country, and with\\nthem he visited the northwest part of the township\\nof Silver Creek. He was so well pleased with the\\nland in the vicinity of the lake that now bears his\\nname, that he concluded to make it his home. He\\naccordingly purchased 160 acres on Section 8, to\\nwhich he removed with his family, with the exception\\nof Isaac and Jonathan. Jonathan resided on the\\nland entered by his father on Section 13 until his\\ndecease, which occurred in 1878. Jonathan had four\\nchildren Albina, now Mrs. John Mater; Lucina,\\nnow Mrs. Hiram Dillman Levi and Henry the\\nlatter lives on his grandfather s original purchase.\\nJohn Stretch, now one of the prominent farmers of\\nthe township, was a lad of seven years at the time of\\nhis father s emigration to the county, and now resides\\njust north of the place where his father first settled.\\nHenry is dead; Isaac went to California and William\\nlives in Pokagon, on Section 29. Henry married\\nMary E. McCoy, and moved to the farm where his\\nwidow now resides, which was then unimproved. He\\ndied in 1871.\\nThe first settler on Section 27 was Richard McCoy.\\nHe arrived on Pokagon Prairie in June of 1832,\\nwhere he spent the summer. In the fall he went on\\nto his purchase where he built a cabin. His family\\nwas composed of his wife and three children Emily,\\nMary and W. H. McCoy. John Sifi ord, a brother-\\nin-law, came with them; also his brother, Henry Mc-\\nCoy, who subsequently returned to Virginia. Mrs.\\nMcCoy lives on the old farm, and refers with evident\\npleasure to the early days. Her husband was a great\\nhunter. In 1852, he started for his old home in Vir-\\nginia, and died before reaching his destination. Four\\nof his sons are residents of the township George A.,\\nW. H., Richard and Delavan.\\nThe early settlers did not escape the usual diseases\\nconsequent upon opening the lands to the sun, the\\ndecomposition of vegetable matters, and the existence\\nof miasmatic swamps. Previous to 1833, the general\\nhealth had been excellent, but this season was\\nprolific of an unusual amount of sickness, especially\\nfever and ague, and malarial diseases generally, and\\n1833 is remembered by old settlers as the sickly\\nseason.\\nOctober 18, 1833, David True, Spencer Robinson\\nand Eli W. Veach, arrived in Pokagon from Warren\\nCounty, Ohio. They came with horse teams, and the\\njourney occupied eighteen days. Mr. True was a boy\\nof sixteen, and for a few months made his home with\\na brother-in-law, Whipple Carpenter, who at that\\ntime was living in a cabin near the present residence\\nof William Baldwin. In 1844, he bought one hun-\\ndred and sixty acres of land on Section 15. He\\nremoved to his present farm in 1865.\\nSamuel Marr was a pioneer, and emphatically a\\ngentleman of the old school. He was one of the\\nearly Justices, and very zealous in the performance of\\nhis duties. He evidently believed in the enforcement\\nof all the laws on the statute books, as we find by ref-\\nerence to the proceedings of the Board of Supervisors\\nof 1834, that he informed the board that as Justice of\\nthe Peace he had fined three persons $6 for Sabbath\\nbreaking, and had collected the money which awaited\\ntheir order.\\nIn 1835, James Dickson, one of the prominent\\npioneers of La Grange Township, and whose history\\nis there recorded, entered two hundred acres of land\\non Sections 25 and 26. He settled on Section 26,\\nabout one-half mile west of where his son, Robinson J.\\nDickson, now resides. He was an extensive and suc-\\ncessful fiirraer, and widely known for his liberality\\nand hospitality. He did much to forward the devel-\\nopment of this section of the township, and he will\\nlong be remembered as one of the prominent charac-\\nters in its history. Robinson J. Dickson was a lad of\\nabout ten years of age at the time of his father s\\nremoval to Pokagon, and his recollection of early\\ntimes is vivid and accurate, and to him the historian\\nis indebted for much valuable data. Perhaps but few\\nmen have interested themselves more largely in mat-\\nters of public interest than he. Coming into Pokagon\\nwhen a mere lad, he has been identified with its his-\\ntory for nearly a half century.\\nGiles County, Va., furnished its quota of the\\nearly settlers of Pokagon. Archibald Clyborn was\\nthe first to emigrate from that State, and among the\\nfamilies from the county of Giles were the Emmonses,\\nJohn K., James and their parents. The family of\\nJames consisted of his wife and four children Eliza-\\nbeth, John I., James E. and Charles W. They arrived\\nin September of 1834, and built a cabin on land\\nowned by William Kirk. James remained about a\\nyear, when he removed to Section 10. Of his family,\\nthere are still living in Pokagon Charles W., Wesley,\\nMartin L. and Frank P. One son, James E., lives in\\nIowa. John K. resided on the Kirk place nearly a\\nyear, when he removed to the place where he now\\nresides. The day after their arrival in Pokagon, a\\ndaughter, now Mrs. Myers, was born to them, and in\\nhonor of the place of the nativity of her parents,\\nwas named Virginia. In the spring succeeding their\\narrival, Mr. and Mrs. Emmons made sugar on the\\nland they had entered the November previous. Mr.\\nEmmons made the troughs for catching the sap, one\\nof which was appropriated by Mrs. Emmons, as a\\ncradle in which she rocked her baby while at work.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0288.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0289.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "W;V. F^ODGLT^S.\\nl \\\\p;S.\\\\vK F^ODGERS.\\nWILLIAM A. KOIHJKHS.\\nAmong tht pi.Mioor families of Pokagon, ptrhiips\\nno one is more dosorving of spooial mention than that\\nof Alexander Rmlgers. who se historv in Cass County\\ndates back to 1S28. The elder Rodgers was of Scotch\\nparentage, his father liaving enjigrated from Scotland\\nand settled in lliekbridge County. Va.. where Al-\\nexander was born. The progenitor of the family\\nwas a typical Scotchman, determined, resolute, and\\npossessed of that keen judgment and discrimination\\nthat is one of the prominent characteristics of the fam-\\nily, lie Wiis a physician, and was in active practice\\nfor many yeai-s, Alexander was reared in Virginia,\\nwhere he was married, in lSOi\\\\ to Miss Peggv* Culton.\\nof his native town. The following year he. with\\nhis young wife, emigrated to Preble County. Ohio,\\nwhere William, the imiueiUate subject of this sketch,\\nwas born. October 27, 18 2T. and was therefore a babe\\nof one year at the time of the family s emigration to\\nPokagon in 1828. Ilis boyhood days weri\u00c2\u00bb spent on\\nhis father s farm, alternating the summers work by a\\nfew weeks at the log schoolhouse in winter, where\\nhe received such advantages as were oft ered by the\\nfirst schoi l in Csiss County. He remained with his\\nfather and bivthers, whose interests were in common.\\nuntil the death of the former, which occurred in 1867.\\nlie owns 400 acres of the original purchase of his\\nfather, which comprised 700 acres. His farm, a view\\nof which we present on another page, is evidence of\\nhis success and enterprise. In 1857. he was married\\nto Miss Hannah C. daughter of Franklin and Eliza-\\nbeth Shaler. She was born near Sidney. Shelby\\nCounty. Ohio, October 11, 1884 her father was a\\nnative of Massachusetts her mother was born in Penn-\\nsylvania, where they were married. They reared a\\nfamily of si.\\\\ children, five daughters and one son.\\nMrs. Rodgers received an academical education, and\\nfor some time was engstged in teaching, which voca-\\ntion she followed after the families emigrated to Mich-\\nigan in 185r Mr. and Mrs. Rodgers have been\\nblessed with four children Ella V.. Ida May. Schuy-\\nler C. and Mabel. The life of Mr. Rodgers has been\\ncomparatively uneventful and marked by few inci-\\ndents, save such as occur in the lives of mo tt success-\\nful business men. While taking a proper interest\\nin political matters, he has never sought office, but\\nhas devoted his energies and talents to his business,\\nin which he has been highly successful. He has iden-\\ntified himself with the best interests of Pokagon, and\\nhas perfectetl a valuable reconl as a citiien.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0290.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "-.tt*", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0291.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0292.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nMrs. Myers is the only one of the children now living\\nin Pokagon. Mrs. Nancy Crandall resides in Silver\\nCreek Charles W., the only son, lives near Cassopo-\\nlis the eldest daughter resides in Iowa. William\\nEmmons arrived in the spring of 1834, with his\\nfamily of five children. He was also from Giles\\nCounty, Va., and settled on the northeast corner\\nof Section 9, where his son, William L., now lives.\\nHenry Houser came in August of 1834, from\\nPreble County, Ohio, and settled on Section 36, on\\nlands bought the previous year of John Boon. His\\nfamily consisted of his wife and three sons, Solomon\\nN., Michael B. and Eli. Mr. Houser occupied a\\nprominent position in the early aflfairs of the town-\\nship. He took a lively interest in political matters\\nand in 1837 was a member of the county Legislature,\\nand was re-elected the following year. He was a suc-\\ncessful farmer and acquired a comfortable competency.\\nHe died in Dowagiac in 1879, in the seventy-seventh\\nyear of his age.\\nThe following is a copy of the assessment roll of\\n1834, and gives the names of all resident taxpayers\\nin that year, their assessment followed by the tax.\\nFrom it the reader gets a very correct idea of the\\nstatus of things at that time, and the advancement\\nmade in eight years.\\nThomas 1 McCool\\nThomas P. ilcCool, adminiatrator of the estate\\nGeorge Cherbert\\nJames B. Herbert\\nWilliam Kmmons\\nJohn Pollock\\nCharles Thoroughman\\nThomas Clyborn\\nRichard McCoy\\nCharles B. Tucker\\nJames Dickson\\nWilliam W. Welch\\nJoseph Stretch\\nJohn Clifton\\nWilliam Taylor\\nHenry Dewey\\nUzziel Putnam\\n1,000\\n87\\n92\\n2 02\\n1 00\\n1 12\\n3 50\\n7 40\\nJoseph Garwood\\nfl.-Wl\\n7 95\\nJesse Garwood\\n506\\n2 52\\nIsaac W. Duckett\\n1.418\\n7 09\\nLouis Edwards\\n1,590\\n7 98\\n.Samuel Morton\\n341\\n1 70\\nGehial Ludington\\nlOO\\n50\\nArchibald Clyborn\\n1,458\\n7 29\\nAnn Robinson\\n40\\n20\\nEdward Powers\\n1 068\\n6 34\\nJohn Powers\\nSamuel Markham\\n1 254\\n27\\nJohn Van Vlear\\nBaldwin Jenkins\\n1 519\\n7 59\\nSquire Thompson\\n2,400\\n12 00\\nWhipple Carpenter\\n117\\n52\\nDavid Sink\\n1 58\\n2 42\\nHenry Sifford\\n484\\nMitchell Robinson\\n2 15\\nIsrael Markham, Sr\\n350\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a01 75\\nNathan McCoy\\n37\\nJoseph Caldwell\\n05\\n32\\n20\\n10\\n1 42\\nAdamSalladay\\n285\\nHenry Salladay...\\n105\\n52\\n100\\n60\\nDaniel Youngblood\\n100\\n.50\\nAlexander Rogers\\n1,400\\n7 30\\nWilliam Burk\\n290\\n1 45\\nAndrew L.Burk\\n240\\n1 20\\nThomas Burk\\n450\\n2 25\\nSamuel Kodgera\\n107\\n63\\nJonathan Hartsell came from Stark County, Ohio,\\nin 1826, and settled in Elkhart County, Ind., where\\nhe remained until he came to Pokagon, and he bought\\nthe betterments of Eli W. Veach, and, in Decem-\\nber of 1835, entered eighty acres on Section 21. He\\nresided in Pokagon until his decease, which occurred\\nin 1865. Of the nine children who came with him,\\neight are now living in the county, five of whom are\\nin the township of Pokagon.\\nOne of the first settlers on Section 23 was George\\nVan Vlear. He came in 1833, and, after locating his\\nland, returned to his home, near Dayton, Ohio. The\\nfollowing year, 1834, he returned with his family,\\nwhich consisted of his wife and three children John,\\nPhebe A. andCatherine. The Farrises Robert, Will-\\niam, James and Phebe also came with the party. In\\n1835, he built a cabin on his land, where he has since\\nresided. John lives on a part of his father s original\\npurchase.\\nOn the 17th of June, 1836, the village of Shakes-\\npeare was laid out by Jonathan Brown and E. B.\\nSherman on Sections 8, 9 and 17. Brown was a sort\\nof an adventurer, a book-binder by trade, and at the\\ntime resided in Niles. At this date the land office\\nwas located in Kalamazoo, and Sherman and Brown\\nearly in the month went there for the transaction of\\nbusiness. On their return they fell in company, and\\nas they were riding along the conversation naturally\\nturned upon the country, its development and the\\nprobable location of villages. Sherman owned forty\\nacres of land in Pokagon, and alluded to its natural\\nadvantages, its fine water-power, and suggested it as a\\nfine location for an embryo village. Brown coincided\\nin his opinion, and Sherman suggested that Brown\\npurchase forty acres adjoining, and that they should\\nlay out a town his proposition was accepted, and a\\nsurveyor by the name of Starr platted the new vil-\\nlage with broad streets, two avenues six rods in width,\\nnumerous public parks, and a contemplated canal\\nfrom one point of the Dowagiac River, as it was", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0293.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "218\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncalled, to another, with a number of reserved lots on\\nthe water front for manufacturing purposes. A litho-\\ngraphic view was made of the prospective town, rep-\\nresenting vessels lying at the wharf, and many of\\nthem were sent to distant points for the purpose of\\nselling lots. A large spring was named after the\\nchief, Topennebec, and was represented as being\\npowerful enough to furnish an ample supply of water\\nfor two-thirds of the town. After the completion of\\nthe plat and the views, Sherman and the Browns went\\nto Chicago to sell lots. The representations of the\\nBrowns in regard to the property were so far from the\\nactual facts that Sherman became disgusted with the\\nwhole scheme. The Browns made him a proposition\\nfor his interest which he accepted, the consideration\\nbeing two shares in the Lockport Manufacturing Com-\\npany at Three Rivers, another wild-eat specula-\\ntion in which the Browns were largely interested.\\nNothing was ever done in the development of the\\npaper town further than the survey, although lots\\nwere sold in every direction, and for many years after-\\nward the County Clerk was continually receiving let-\\nters from parties who had bought lots asking informa-\\ntion in regard to their investments in the city of\\nShakespeare.\\nAmong the early settlers of La Grange was Thomas\\nSimpson, who came from Piqua County, Ohio, in May,\\n1828. He spent the summer on Pokagon Prairie,\\nand in the autumn of that year removed to La Grange,\\nwhere he entered land, and where he resided many\\nyears. In 1883, he entered land on Section 24, in\\nthe township of Pokagon. James Simpson, at the\\ntime of his father s emigration, was a lad of seven\\nyears he lived in La Grange until 1836, when he\\nmoved to the place where he now resides.\\nThe following includes the names of all designated\\nas resident tax-payers for the year 1837, and is taken\\nfrom the assessment roll of that year. The amount\\nassessed for township purposes was $94.22 the State\\nand county tax was $376.90 the total valuation was\\n$75,381.00 the buildings of the township were esti-\\nmated at $1,460:\\nThomas Youngblood, Spencer Robinson, James\\nEmmons, John Emmons, William Emmons, James\\nEmmons, Jr., Elias Simpson, William Sheldon, Joshua\\nSheldon, George Hamilton, Jacob Mufley, John Muf-\\nley, William Taylor, John B. Goble, James Dickson,\\nJohn Collins. Henry Hauser, Ruhan McCoy, Jackson\\nTrue, James W. Robinson, Isaac Mufley, George\\nMufley, Leray H. Reman, Amos Dane, George Van-\\nvlear, Cliarles Barton, Moses Simpson, James Streator,\\nNathan McCoy, Justin Stearns, Joseph Stretch, John\\nB. Redick, Isaac W. Duckett, Isaac Sumner, Thomas\\nP. McCool, Alexander Rodgers, Sr., William Maddox,\\nHamilton J. McCool, Alexander B. Davis, Peabody\\nCook, Delanson Custis, Stephen Curtis, Whipple\\nCarpenter, Archibald Clyborn, William L. Clyborn,\\nThomas K. Clyborn, Jehelaiel Luddington, Caleb\\nSmith, Joseph Gardner, Curtis Morris, Sumner,\\nDavis Co., Lewis Edwards, Sumner, Hatch Co..\\nDavid True, William True, Fiddon Emmons, Alex-\\nander Rodgers, Jr., John Rodgers, Coonrad Clipfield,\\nJohn Putnam, Henry Sifford, David Sink, Samuel\\nMarkham, Baldwin Jenkins, Squire Thompson, David\\nRobinson, Thomas True, Thomas Burk, John B.\\nTimmons, William Burk, Peter Youngblood, Aaron\\nJenkins, L zziel Putnam, James B. Herbert, Joseph\\nGarwood, Jesse Garwood, Alva Benton, Solomon\\nVeach, Eli W. Veach, Jonathan Hartsell, Isaac Will-\\niams, Samuel Rodgers, Titus Husted, Warner Osgood,\\nGeorge Benton, Neahmiah Morton, Hubbel H. Rood,\\nJames Husted, Thomas Sherman, Charles Thorough-\\nman, Mitchel Robinson and W. G. Strawn.\\nSamuel Morris was one of the pioneers of Kalama-\\nzoo County, where he settled in 1834, emigrating\\nfrom Otsego County, N. Y. He bought land on\\nGourdneck Prairie, and returned to the State of New\\nYork. In the spring of 1836, he was married in\\nMadison County, and in April of that year returned\\nto his farm in Kalamazoo County. After a residence\\nof three years he moved to Pokagon, where he has\\nsince resided. Samuel resides on the old place.\\nJohn Byrnes came from Syracuse, N. Y., in 1837,\\nand settled in Niles, where he followed his trade,\\nthat of a carpenter and joiner, for several years. In\\n1839, he came to Sumnerville, and in 1846 bought\\nthe farm where he now resides. He has in many\\nways been instrumental in advancing the best inter-\\nests of Pokagon, and his name is found connected\\nwith many important intei ests.\\nDaniel Oyler, although not a pioneer, is one of the\\nold residents, having been in Pokagon over thirty\\nyears. He was originally from Cuyhoga County,\\nOhio, from which place he emigrated with his parents\\nand brother John in 1848.\\nAndrew J. Myers came to Volinia in 1831, in com-\\npany with his mother and two brothers, George and\\nAaron. After a residence of some years the family\\nwent to Illinois. In 1845, Andrew returned, and in\\n1848 purchased the property he now owns.\\nDeodatus W. Hurd was originally from Rensselaer\\nCounty, N. Y., from whence he emigrated to Iowa in\\n1859. In 1862, he came to Cass County, and re-\\nsided in Jefferson until his removal to Pokagon\\nVillage in 1862.\\nB. C. Ames was born in Wyoming County, New\\nYork, whence be emigrated to Illinois. Here he was\\nmarried, in 1855. Mrs. Ames was born on Buck", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0294.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n219\\nHorn Island, in the Niagara River. In 1861, they\\ncame to Cass County and settled in Pokagon four\\nyears later they moved to the farm where they now\\nreside.\\nThe First Free- Will Baptist Church of Pokagon\\nwas organized in 1854, with the following members:\\nZ. Tinkham and wife, L. Tinkham, J. H. Darling\\nand wife, Melissa and Martha Tinkham and a Miss\\nPotter. The first pastor was J. H. Darling, of New\\nYork, who preached two years previous to the organ-\\nization. The succession of pastors has been Revs. E.\\nRoot, James Ashley, and L. Jones, who is the present\\npastor. The first Deacon was Z. Tinkham. In 1860,\\nthe society built a church edifice at a cost of $1,500,\\nwhich was dedicated in February, 1861, Rev. D. L.\\nRice, of Hillsdale, preaching the dedicatory sermon.\\nThe present membership is eighty-two, with the fol-\\nlowing ofiicers Deacons, Z. Tinkham, E. C. Smith,\\nM. Hoover Trustees, J. P. Hutten, M. Hoover\\nand Alexander Cooper. The society started under\\nvery adverse circumstances, but is at present in a very\\nflourishing condition.\\nTHE STATE FISH HATCHERY.\\nIn 1873, the Legislature passed an act for the estab-\\nlishment of a board of Fish Commissioners, consisting\\nof John G. Bagley, A. D. Kellogg and George Clark,\\nwith power to locate a State hatchery for the artificial\\npropagation of fish. By the same act $15,000 was\\nappropriated, and in 1873 the board passed a resolu-\\ntion, locating the hatchery at Crystal Springs, on the\\ngrounds of the Methodist Camp Meeting Association,\\nin Pokagon. George H. Jerome, of Niles, was ap-\\npointed Superintendent, and Charles Michael, Assist-\\nant. In October of the same year, a lease was\\nexecuted and work was immediately commenced a\\nhouse was constructed with a hatching capacity of\\n1,000,000 eggs. In 1877, Henry H. Porter, who\\nhad had an extended experience in the propagation of\\nfish, was appointed Assistant Superintendent he put\\nin new apparatus and remodeled the whole thing, but\\nsoon became satisfied that it was not a proper location,\\nowing to the uneven temperature and impurity of the\\nwater, besides there being a very inadequate supply.\\nFrom 3,500,000 eggs deposited in fall of 1877, only\\n500,000 fish were obtained. In the spring of 1881,\\nthe board removed the hatchery to Paris, where it is\\nnow being successfully operated under the superin-\\ntendency of James C. Portman.\\nThe little hamlet of Sumnerville dates back to 1836.\\nIts proprietors were Isaac Sumner and J. H. Hatch.\\nSumner built a saw-mill at this place in 1835, and\\ntwo years after erected a grist-mill. About this time,\\nAlexander Davis, the first merchant, commenced to\\nsell goods. In 1848, Russel Cook and John R.\\nConnine opened a store in the building now occupied\\nby Mr. Frost. Peabody Cook was the first tavern-\\nkeeper, commencing about 1835.\\nPokagon Village was laid out in January, 1858, by\\nWilliam Baldwin. In the same year, Joel Andrews\\nand Hoke Stansel, commenced merchandising. The\\npresent grist-mill was built by Kelley Brothers\\nin 1856. The business interests of the village are\\nnow vested in a hotel, a drug store, two dry good\\nstores, a steam saw-mill, a boot and shoe shop, and a\\nblacksmith shop.\\nTHE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF SUMNER-\\nVILLE.\\nThe first class was formed in the spring of 1840.\\nThere had been preaching before this time under the\\nauspices of the Indiana Conference, but principally by\\nlocal ministers, prominent among the number being\\nT. P. McCool, Richard Meek and Braxton Robinson.\\nIn the autumn of 1839, the Michigan Conference\\ntook in the southwest part of the State as a mission,\\nand sent Rev. Franklin Gage as a missionary. The\\ndistrict embraced all the territory west of School-\\ncraft, south to the State line, and north to the lake,\\nexcepting Niles. The result of his ministrations was\\na powerful revival, known in Methodist annals as the\\ngreat revival of Sumneiville. The class above spoken\\nof was one of the results of this revival, and was the\\nfirst in this part of the State. Up to 1850, the\\nsociety had held their meetings in a schoolhouse,\\nwhich, after a time, became almost sacred from its\\nassociations, but became so dilapidated that they de-\\ncided to erect a comfortable church structure. A\\nBoard of Trustees was formed, composed of T. P. Mc-\\nCool, John Byrnes, W. W. Maloy, Daniel Bates and\\nFranklin Brownell. The church was completed in\\n1854. In the summer of 1876, the Trustees of the\\nMethodist Episcopal Church of Pokagon purchased of\\nRussell Cook a structure which was remodeled, and\\nfitted up as a church. The minister in charge was\\nDavid Burns. The Trustees were, Jacob White,\\nJohn Byrnes, William Lewis, H. S. Norton, John\\nBurnett, Jerome Wood, Russel Cook and Henry and\\nDavid White. There had been a class formed several\\nyears previous to tiiis time, and regular meetings were\\nheld in Union Church.\\nMarch 15, 1861, the Trustees of the McKindrey\\nChapel purchased of John Barnett the ground known\\nas the Crystal Spring.s Camp-ground. The Trust-\\nees were John Byrnes, Franklin Brownell, John R.\\nConnine, Stephen Curtis and W. W. Malloy. In\\n1877, it was transferred to the Niles District, and was\\nincorporated under a general act of the Legislature.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0295.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nPokagon Grange, No. 42, P. of. H., was organized\\nAugust 1, 1873, by C. S. King, Deputy of State\\nGrange, and the following officers elected Russel\\nCook, Master; Jerome Wood, Overseer; D. W. Hard,\\nSecretary, who, with the following persons comprised\\nthe charter members William Sti-etch, William E.\\nWilliams, William Lewis, T. WitherelL J. W. Blake,\\nG. D. Jones, F. Emmons, J. H. Simpson, William\\nWood, Jacob White, Catharine Stretch, Charlotte W.\\nWilliams, Hannah C. Cook, Mary E. Lewis, Flora\\nH. Hurd, Anna L. Witherell, Maria Emmons, lantha\\nWood, Sarah Simpson, Cynthia Wood.\\nSince organization, the grange has been in a flour-\\nishing condition, and the knowledge acquired in dis-\\ncussing live questions has inured to the benefits of\\nits members. Present membership thirty. The present\\nofiicers are Jerome Wood, Master R. J. Dickson,\\nOverseer Mrs. R. J. Dickson, lecturer L. B. Patti-\\nson. Steward Wesley Emmons, Assistant Steward\\nJames Emmons, Chaplain John Hain, Treasurer\\nJoel S. Moore, Gatekeeper lantha Wood, Ceres\\nCatharine Stretch, Pomona Mrs. John Hain, Flora\\nMrs. H. B. Pattison, Lady Assistant.\\nPOKAGON LODGE NO. 136, F. A. M.\\nThis society held its first meeting under a charter j\\nissued by the Grand Lodge at its annual session at\\nDetroit, January 9, 1862. The officers elected were\\nCalvin Benton, W. M. William McAfi ee. S. W.\\nJoseph E. Garwood, J. W. Joel Andrews, Secretary\\nElam Harter, Treasurer John Byrnes, S. D.; George\\nW. Benton, J. D. Henry C. Parker, Tiler. Previ-\\nous to their organization they had met under a special\\ndispensation granted by the Grand Lodge of the State\\nto George W. Benton, John McAllister, Joseph E.\\nGarwood, Franklin Shaler, John Byrnes, George W.\\nConklin, Joel Andrews and Edgar Waltar, to organize\\na lodge with John Byrnes, W. M., George W. Benton,\\nS. W. and Joseph E. Garwood, J. W. The first\\nmeeting was held July 29, 1859, E. .Waltar, Sec-\\nretary. January 13, 1860, the dispensation was ex-\\ntended until the meeting of the Grand Lodge in\\nJanuary of 1861, and meetings were held until Decem-\\nber 24, 1860. The dispensation expired soon after\\nthis date, and, no proceedings being instituted to se- j\\ncure a charter, no meetings were held until February 18,\\n1861, at which time the lodge met under a new dispen-\\nsation with Edgar Waltar, W. M.; John H. Mutton, S.\\nW. Joseph E. Garwood, J. W., and Joel Andrews,\\nSecretary. The society owns a well furnished hall\\nand are in a flourishing condition.\\nCIVIL LIST SUPERVISORS.\\n1831, Squire Thompson; 1832, John Clark;\\n1833, Samuel Marrs 18-34-36, Lewis Edwards;\\n1837-38, Henry Houser 1839-41, County Commis-\\nsioner, Henry Houser 1842-43, Squire Thompson\\n1844, William Burke; 1845-46, Henry Houser;\\n1847, William L. Clyborn 1848, M. Robinson;\\n1849-50, William L. Clyborn; 1851-52, M. T.\\nGarvey 1853, Frank Brownell 1854, M. Robin-\\nson 1855, Lewis Clyborn 1856, M. T. Garvey\\n1857, William L. Clyborn 1858, M. T. Garvey\\n1859, D. H. Wagner; 1860, M. Robinson; 1861,\\nM. T. Garvey 1862-69, Alexander Robinson\\n1870, David W. Clemmer 1871-76, B. W. Scher-\\nmerhorn 1877, M. V. Gray 1878, Joseph Waltar\\n1879-80, H. W. Richards 1881, Alexander Robin-\\nson.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1831-34, Lewis Edwards 1835-37, Mitchell Rob-\\ninson 1838, William L. Clyborn; 1839, Zurin\\nGarwood; 1840-41, Squire Thompson; 1842,\\nWilliam L. Clyborn 1843-46, Moses W. Simpson\\n1847-49, John Collins 1850, Franklin Brownell\\n1851, Robinson J. Dickson; 1852, Amos D.\\nMcCool 1853, Robinson J. Dickson 1854, William\\nG. Straw 1855, John Collins 1856, John Bates\\n1857, John Collins; 18.58, Gideon Gibbs; 1859,\\nJohn Bates; 1860-61, Archibald Robertson; 1862,\\nMitchell Robinson; 1863, Gideon Gibbs; 1864,\\nAugustus Allen 1865, Abner G. Townsend; 1866,\\nStephen W. Tinkham 1867, Albert G. Ramsey;\\n1868-69, Elam Harter -1870-71, Daniel M. Heaz-\\nlett 1872-73, Samuel Miller 1874-76, Moses V.\\nGray; 1877, William Stretch; 1878-79, H. P.\\nCook 1880-81, J. E. Garwood.\\nCLERKS.\\n1831-35, Joseph Gardner; 1836-41, Eli W.\\nVeach 1842, Mitchell Robinson 1843-46, William\\nL. Clyborn; 1847, David Long; 1848, Charles G.\\nMoore; 1849-50, Lewis Edwards 1851-52, Clark\\nF. Johnson 1853, Ira Starkweather 1854, Samuel\\nR. Wheeler 1855, Ira Starkweather 1856, Rollin\\nC. Dennison; 1857, Joseph E. Garwood; 1858,\\nStrawther Bowling; 1859, Theodore Stebbins; 1860,\\nStrawther Bowling; 1861, Philo D. Beckwith 1862,\\nGeorge Miller; 1863, Elias Pardee; 1864-68,\\nStrawther Bowling; 1869, Rollin C. Osborne; 1870,\\nB. W. Schermerhorn 1871, John Rix 1872-74\\nRollin C. Osborne; 1875, Edwin W. Beckwith;\\n1876-78, R. Allen: 1879, J. F. Willis; 1880-81,\\nR. Allen.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0296.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "\\\\y-\\n4##t -::::i\\n#11\\ni.i.0\\n^;.*jSi^ ,si", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0297.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0298.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nUZZIEL rUTNAM, Sit.\\nThe pioneer of Cass County, the late Uzziel Put-\\nnam, Sr., of Pokagon Township, was born in Wards-\\nboro, Vt., March 17, 1793. When three years of\\nage, he went with his parents, Uzziel and Polly\\n(Trask) Putnam, to Oneida County, N. Y., and in\\n1801, to New Salem, Mass., where he lived with an\\nuncle, Joseph Putnam, until the fall of 1807. He\\nthen returned to his parents, who had, in the mean-\\ntime, located in Adams, Jefferson Co., N. Y., and was\\napprenticed to Simon Whitecomb, a clothier, with\\nwhom he remained for five seasons, the business being\\ncarried on at that day chiefly in the winter months.\\nHis father, with others, went to Sackett s Harbor\\nand built a boat, with which they conveyed their fam-\\nilies to Detroit, where they spent the winter of 1811-\\n12. Uzziel Putnam s brother David, with Samuel and\\nHorace Markham, having emigrated to Ohio, his par-\\nents decided to make their future home in that State.\\nThe young man Uzziel having served the full period of his\\napprenticeship, resolved to be in the neighborhood of\\nhis father s family, and started on foot for Colt Creek\\nin the township of Margaretta, Huron (now Erie)\\nCounty, Ohio, about seven miles from the site of the\\ncity of Sandusky. This journey of 500 miles he\\nmade on foot, in fifteen days, excepting a ride of 140\\nmiles east of Canandaigua. In Ohio, the neighbors\\nof the Putnams, within a radius of several miles, were\\nthree families. The young man Uzziel began life in\\nthe woods under as great disadvantages as any of the\\npioneers of the West. He was poor, but worked hard\\nto better his condition. Prior to and during the war\\nof 1812, the Indians committed many murders in\\nNorthwestern Ohio, and bands of the hostile savages\\nwere constantly prowling through the woods in search\\nof lonely victims. He had considerable experience of\\nan unpleasant kind with them, and probably only\\nescaped being murdered by extreme caution and\\nwatchfulness. He remained in the vicinity of his\\nparents home, and performed such work as he could\\nfind to do, until October 19, 1812, when he met with\\nElias Murray, wagon-master of the United States\\nArmy, and enlisted as a teamster for three months.\\nAfter the time of his enlistment had expired, he went\\ninto the army as a substitute for a drafted man, and\\nserved until after Gen. Winchester s defeat. For his\\nservice, which he has said was the hardest he ever\\nendured, he received a Government warrant for 160\\nacres of land. In 1813, Uzziel Putnam was in the\\nvicinity of Colt Creek, when the Indian massacre oc-\\ncurred (of which an account is given in the biograph-\\nical sketch of his brother Orlean). Afterward he went\\nto Waterford, Penn., where he worked for his Uncle\\nRufus Trask, hauling powder and salt and flour be-\\nj tween the latter place and Erie. After the burning\\nof Buflfalo, the man by whom he was employed was\\ndrafted, and Uzziel went into the army as his substi-\\ntute, being stationed at Erie. Not long after the close\\nof the war, he returned to Ohio, and there was married,\\nSeptember 12, 1822, to Ann Chapman, who was born\\nin Connecticut, January 19, 1792. In 1825, the\\nsettlers in the Putnam neighborhood having heard\\ni much of the St. Joseph Country in Michigan from An-\\ndrew Parker, an Indian trader who had traveled\\nthrough it, several of them resolved to journey to it.\\nIn company with Abram Townsend and Israel Mark-\\nham, Uzziel Putnam left the Ohio home for a Michigan\\nhome on May 7. The story of their journey is told\\nin the history of the township at length and graphically,\\nand it is, therefore, unnecessary to repeat it here.\\nUpon the 22d of November, Putnam became the first\\nsettler in Cass County, locating upon Pokagon\\nPrairie, in this township, and there he lived to see\\nI Cass County and all of Southwestern Michigan filled\\nI with happy homes, and made one vast fruitful field by\\nhis brother pioneers and their descendants. He died\\nJuly 15, 1881, in the eighty-ninth year of his age. His\\naged helpmeet passed away only nine months previous\\nOctober 15, 1880. The faculties of both were pre-\\nserved almost unimpaired to the last, and they were\\nrewarded in their old age with peace, plenty and hap-\\npiness, for the struggles and privations of their early\\ndays.\\nLEWLS EDWARDS.\\nLewis Edwards, son of Joseph and Clarisa Edwards,\\nwas born at Lumberton, Burlington Co., N. J., May\\n29, 1799. He was of Welsh descent. Joseph Ed-\\nI wards, the father of Lewis, the subject of this sketch,\\nwas born in Maryland, May 10, 1754, and died July\\n22, 1838. The first twenty-one years of his life Lewis\\npassed with his father at Lumberton, assisting in the\\nstore and working the farm. He very early in life\\nevinced an adventurous tendency and repeatedly ex-\\npressed to his parents his discontent of home and his\\neagerness to go West, and as soon as he attained his\\nmajority he at once made preparations to journey\\nwestward. In October, 1820, Lewis, accompanied by\\na friend, Thomas Brown, started on foot for Pittsburgh,\\nPenn., by the way of Philadelphia and Harrisburg,\\ncarrying his little bundle with a stick upon his\\nshoulder. From Pittsburgh they went to Cincinnati\\nby boat. Upon arriving at Cincinnati, Mr. Edwards\\nfell in with a wood-speculator who was in search of\\nchoppers; to him he hired to chop wood; while\\nen route to the chopping-camp on board of a steam-\\nboat, he voluntarily assisted the hands in running the\\nvessel, and the Captain observing his aptitude and\\nskill ill that kind of labor, and becoming prepossessed", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0299.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "222\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwith his appearance, persuaded him to remain aboard,\\nand Mr. Edwards abandoned his chopping enterprise\\nand hired out to the Captain, and made one trip to\\nNew Orleans and back. This kind of business not\\nbeing congenial to his tastes, he went to Warren\\nCounty, Ohio, and went to work at the carpenter s\\ntrade for John Garwood, with whom he remained for\\nabout three years, making his home with William\\nGarwood. While here he formed the acquaintance of\\nPatience, daughter of William and Elizabeth Gar-\\nwood, whom he married in the latter part of the sum-\\nmer of 1825. She was born January 18, 1807, near\\nLebanon, Warren Co., Ohio. She shared with her\\nhusband in all his early pioneer struggles, and for the\\nlong period of fifty-three years, was his faithful com-\\npanion and counselor; truly and justly can it be said\\nof her, she fulfilled her duty to her family and to her\\nGod. This venerable and Christian lady is now liv-\\ning (1882), with her son, Lewis, Jr., at Pokagon\\nVillage, in the enjoyment of excellent health, the\\npatient angel of her nature quietly waiting to take\\nits departure.\\nAfter Mr. Edwards marriage, he remained with\\nhis father-in-law one year, and early in the spring of\\n1825, having been deeply impressed by the favorable\\nreports of the St. Joseph Valley, he determined on\\nanother Western adventure and, leaving his young\\nwife with her parents in Ohio, started for the St.\\nJoseph El Dorado. He remained in Michigan until\\nlate in the fall, making his home the greater portion\\nof the time with a Mr. Kirk, at Niles. Being favor-\\nably impressed with the country, he determined to\\nmake it his future home, and the whole season was\\ndiligently an l intelligently spent preparatory thereto.\\nHappening to form the acquaintance of a young\\nman near Niles, who had planted a piece of corn and\\nhad subsequently become discouraged and home sick,\\nMr. Edwards bought him out and completed the rais-\\ning and harvesting of the crop. During harvest, he\\nassisted the Carey Mission in gathering their\\ncrops, and took his pay in wheat, furnishing this same\\nwheat to Uzziel Putnam on Pokagon Prairie in the\\nfall, for seed. He also cut and stacked a sufficient\\nquantity of marsh hay on Uzziel Putnam s meadow,\\nalong the Pokagon Creek. After viewing the country\\nover carefully, he located his land on Pokagon Prairie,\\nwhich now forms a part of Sections 31 and 32, wisely\\nselecting it so as to have an abundance of good timber,\\nespecially an excellent maple sugar camp. After\\nselecting his land, he employed Gamaliel Townsend\\nto cut logs and erect a log house, paying him therefor\\n$25. After all this provident care and foresight,\\nsecuring hay. corn and locating his land and con-\\nstructing his log house, and obtaining a full and\\naccurate knowledge of the country, route, streams and\\nfords, he prepared to return to Ohio for his family.\\nAlone he walked the whole distance, and carried a\\npackage weighing thirty pounds. The country be-\\ntween Elkhart and Fort Wayne was a wilderness, and\\ngood water scarce. Mr. Edwards often spoke in his\\nlifetime of his extreme suffering for the want of good\\nwater, being often compelled to blow the scum away\\nand drink from stagnant pools. He was immediately\\ntaken sick after arriving home with fever and ague,\\nthe result of drinking impure water, and was sick for\\nabout two months, greatly delaying his return to\\nMichigan with his family. After having fully re-\\ncovered from his illness, and his preparations being\\ncompleted, he started on the 18th day of January,\\n1827, with his family, consisting of his wife and one\\nyoung child (now Mrs. Jane Heath, of Santa Cruz,\\nCa!.), for his new home. His outfit consisted of one\\ncovered wagon, yoke of cattle at the tongue and span\\nof horses on the lead. They came by the way of Center-\\nville and Dayton to Fort Wayne, Ind. At this place\\nthey were joined by William and Jesse Garwood,\\ncousins of Mrs. Edwards, and they were similiarly\\nequipped with wagon, yoke of cattle and span of\\nhorses. They also brought with them a few head of\\nhogs and cattle.\\nThe journey from Fort Wayne to Elkhart was\\nthrough an unbroken forest, in the midst of a cold,\\nsnowy winter, a crust on the snow, and the road\\nunbroken, and their route only traced by the blazed\\nforest trees. Arriving at Elkhart, the St. Joseph\\nRiver had to be forded. Mr. Edwards had, during his\\nformer trip, carefully examined the river bed, and\\nnoted the proper fording place. Jesse Garwood ex-\\npressed his fears for the safety of Mrs. Edwards and\\nchild, in case the wagon should upset in crossing, but\\nMr. Edwards promptly replied in his determined and\\nconfident way, that there was no danger to follow\\nhim, and he would soon have them safe on the other\\nside, and suiting the action to the word, mounted\\none of the lead horses and conducted both teams across\\nin safety.\\nFinding the snow so deep and the crust on the same\\nfrozen so hard, and the road unbroken, the Garwoods\\nleft their wagon at this place, and put both yoke of\\ncattle and both span of horses to Mr. Edward s wagon,\\nand started for Edwardsburg, making only eight miles\\nthe first day, it taking all the next day to reach Ed-\\nwardsburg, the balance of the distance being two\\nmiles. It was with great difficulty this ten miles of\\ntheir journey was made; the lead horses had to break\\nthe crust, and the route could be traced by blood\\nfrom their bleeding legs.\\nMr. Ezra Beardsley had settled at Edwardsburg", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0300.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthe previous year, on the banks of Pleasant Lake his\\nteam had been sent to Ohio after the balance of his\\ngoods, and was delayed on account of the severity of\\nthe winter, and he had not seen a white person, other\\nthan his family, for several months, and was afflicted\\nwith the additional hardship of having no wood-pile,\\nbeing compelled to carry all his fuel from the woods.\\nThe new-comers received that warm and cordial\\nreception and generous hospitality as only our worthy\\npioneers were capable of extending, and remained\\nwith Mr. Beardsley about three weeks, not daring to\\nventure out to Pokagon Prairie. Mr. Beardsley had\\nthe previous season raised plenty of vegetables, such\\nas cabbage, potatoes and turnips; they had sufficient\\npork and beef, milk and butter, and the new-comers\\nhad brought tea, coffee, dried fruit, etc., and, in the\\nlanguage of Mrs. Edwards, they fared sumptuously\\nevery day. Before leaving, Mr. Beardsley was pro-\\nvided with an ample wood-pile.\\nSome time in March, Mr. Edwards proceeded to\\nUzziel Putnam s, on Pokagon Prairie, and remained\\nat his home three or four weeks, while he built his log\\nhouse, on Pokagon Prairie, ready for occupation. He\\nbrought along a set of carpenter s tools, and being\\nskillful with them, he soon had the windows and doors,\\netc., in the house, and bedsteads and furniture impro-\\nvised, and his little family domiciled in his rude but\\ncomfortable home. He brought in the bottom of his\\nwagon four iron kettles sap troughs and spiles were\\nreadily prepared, and a sugar camp started, and plenty\\nof maple syrup and sugar made for family use. He\\nalso brought out a peck of apple seed, and planted a\\nnursery. He made several trips back to Ohio, and\\nbrought out fruit trees, stock, farming utensils, dried\\nfruit, etc., for himself and neighbors. He always took a\\ndeep interest in fruit culture, and at an early day ob-\\ntained grafts of his father in New Jersey, of some of\\nthe finest fruit in that State. He undoubtedly had\\nfor many years the finest and greatest variety of apples\\nof any man in the county. In pears, he was equally\\nas successful.\\nThe raising of stock, especially of horses and cattle,\\nreceived a due share of his attention, and he expended\\nconsiderable time and money in securing good breeds,\\nand was successful in raising some fine specimens.\\nHe remained on his farm, extending his improve-\\nments, raising his family, witnessing the constantly\\nincreasing settlements around him, the building of\\nrailroads, the growth and development of the country,\\nuntil 1852, when he determined on another Western\\nadventure.\\nHis daughter, Mrs. Lucien Heath, of Niles, being\\nin ill health, Mr. Heath had determined to make the\\noverland trip to Oregon with family. Mr. Edwards\\nentertaining fears that they would not be able to make\\nthe long and perilous journey alone, and being greatly\\nattached to his noble daughter his eldest born\\nconcluded to accompany them. The outfit consisted\\nof one four-hoi se team, one two-horse spring wagon,\\nthree extra horses, two cows and young cattle, thirteen\\nhead in all, with an ample supply of provisions, etc.,\\nand they started on their journey on the 23d day of\\nMarch, 1852. After encountering the usual difficul-\\nties, hardships and deprivations incident to the over-\\nland trip, and a long and wearisome journey of six\\nmonths, they arrived in King s Valley, Polk County,\\nOregon Territory, on the 25th of October, 1852.\\nHere Mr. Edwards met his son, Joseph, who had pre-\\nceded him. Mr. Heath and family settled in Oregon.\\nMr. Edwards remained until June, 1854, when he\\nstarted for his home in Michigan, in company with\\nJoseph Harper, arriving June 29, 1854.\\nMr. Edwards remained on his farm the balance of\\nhis life and lived to see his family of nine children all\\nmarried and settled. He died on the 24th day of\\nJune, 1878, of hemorrhage of the bowels and typhoid\\nfever, in the eightieth year of his age, leaving eight\\nchildren, four sons, Joseph, Lewis, Jr., William and\\nHenry, and four daughters, Jane, Clarisa, Patience\\nand Martha.\\nHe served several terms as Justice of the Peace,\\nand in that capacity displayed his usual good common\\nsense and probity that characterized him in all his\\nother duties of life, always exercising a just regard to\\nthe right or claim of each party, advising an equitable\\nsettlement rather than encouraging litigation between\\nhis neighbors. He received the sobriquet of Squire\\nEdwards, and was generally known by that name.\\nMrs. Edwards relates two amusing anecdotes of his\\njudicial life, one of which is given in the history of\\nPokagon. On his return home from a journey, his\\nwife informed him that a young couple desired him to\\ntie for them the nuptial knot. He was very much\\nindisposed and Mrs. Edwards entered an emphatic\\nprotest against his going, but knowing that it would\\nbe a serious disappointment to the young people, he\\nconcluded to go. On arriving at the home of the\\nbride, he found that no license had been procured,\\nand informed them of the fact that the marriage under\\nsuch circumstances would be illegal. They proposed\\nto make it a subsequent matter, but as he was inex-\\norable, the wedding feast was partaken of and the\\nparties went to Cassopolis, where the license was pro-\\ncured and they were married. On his return, Mrs.\\nEdwards asked if he had performed the ceremony.\\nHe replied that he had not, but had partaken of the\\nsupper and had given the entire company the mumps.\\nMr. Edwards was an honest, industrious, energetic", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0301.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "224\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nand conscientious man, always temperate in his habits,\\ntotally abstaining during his long life from the use of\\ntobacco and spirituous liquors. He was endowed\\nwith a remarkable memory, an agreeable conversation-\\nalist, a generous and hospitable neighbor, a kind and\\nfaithful husband, and a provident and indulgent\\nparent.\\nHis memory will always be revered as the peer of\\nany among that great host of pioneers that have\\nalready gone.\\nWILLIAM BALDWIN JENKINS.\\nWilliam Baldwin Jenkins, son of Aaron and Re-\\nbecca Baldwin Jenkins, was born Oct. 4, 1783, at\\nFort Jenkins, Greene County, Penn. In 1799, his\\nfather emigrated to Middle Tennessee, his mother\\ndying while en route. Here he lived in the wilder,\\nness the following winter with three brothers and a\\nsister, twelve years of age, to do the household work,\\ntheir father having returned to Pennsylvania. They\\ncleared twelve acres of heavy timber during the win-\\nter. As they killed fifty-two black bears during the\\nwinter, some idea regarding the newness can be ob-\\ntained from this fact alone. To avoid the institution\\nof slavery, he, in 1804, removed to Greene County\\nOhio,- where he deceased four years later, leaving 900\\nacres of land to his children, and on the portion given\\nBaldwin was a saw and grist mill, which he conducted\\nin connection with his farm. He made frequent\\njourneys down the Mississippi to Natchez and New\\nOrleans to dispose of his products, making the return\\njourney home on foot or on horseback, as circum-\\nstances favored, and while so doing encountered many\\ndangers and hardships. In 1824, he came West on\\nan exploring expedition, visiting Indiana and this\\nState, and then for the first time visited this county.\\nThe following year he came here in company with several\\nothers, and selected a site one-half mile north of the\\npresent village of Sumnerville, where an Indian wig-\\nwam was prepared for a winter s residence, to which\\nplace he in November brought his fiimily from Ohio,\\nconsisting of his wife and seven children and a bound\\nboy, Nathaniel Young, and an interesting account of\\nhis pioneer life will be found in the township history.\\nHe purchased some 2,000 acres of land, which was\\nultimately divided among his children. His home\\nwas near the bridge that crossed the Dowagiac\\nCreek, which was on the direct line of emigration and\\nhis house became a noted stopping-place for travelers\\nand emigrants, from whom he would receive no com-\\npensation. He carried this hospitality to such an ex-\\ntent that the products of his farm and labor were largely\\nconsumed by the public. He placed great confidence\\nin his pioneer compeers, loaning them money, selling\\nthem stock and farm products on time, without re-\\nquiring written obligations, and charging no interest.\\nIn 1809, he united in marriage to Mary, daughter\\nof Aaron and Hannah Hackney, in Pennsylvania.\\nShe deceased in 1840. His death occurred June\\n1(5, 1845, at the residence of his daughter, Eliza\\nMurphy, at Berrien Center, and was interred in\\nI the cemetery at that place. He was a devout mem-\\nj ber of the Baptist Church. He was possessed of a\\nremarkable retentive memory, a great reader, and\\nj could remember every event of any importance for\\nI forty years. His mind was an encyclopedia of local\\nj knowledge, for he could not only tell the names but\\nalso the ages of nearly all of his neighbors. He was\\none of the first Justices of the Peace in Western\\nMichigan, having been appointed by Gov. Cass for\\nthe township of St. Joseph, which comprised all the\\nj territory west of Lenawee County. He was also the\\nfirst Road Commissioner in the county, and one of the\\nfirst Associate Judges appointed under the territorial\\nI government, and one of the delegates to the first con-\\nstitutional convention of the State. His name will\\nbe transmitted to posterity in connection with the\\nnoble band of pioneers who performed the initial\\nlabors necessary to the development of this county.\\nOf his family, his wife, one son and a daughter lie\\nburied with him in the cemetery, and one son is interred\\nin California; three children Eliza (Murphy), Re-\\nbecca (Lybrook) and Silas Jenkins, reside at Berrien\\nCenter Nimrod in Berrien County, and John resides\\nat Lake Village, Ind.\\nCHAPTER XXVI.\\nLA GRANGE.\\nJxperience of the Pioneers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Townsends. Wriglits, Shurtes, I.y-\\nbrooks, McKenneys, Tietsorts and others\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Events\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First\\nDeatli\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Marriage\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mary Bonnell tlie lirst child born\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The\\nfirst School and Teachers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Deer Killing\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Township Election\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Families of the Early Settlers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Complete List of Land Entries-\\nPrincipal Officers of La Grange from 1830 to 18S0\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Churches Living\\nand Defunct Burial riaces The Village of Whitmanville\\nMechanicsburg.\\nTHE history of La Grange begins with the spring\\nof the year 1828, at which time Abraham Town-\\nsend made the pioneer settlement of the township,\\nnear the spot where his son Gamaliel now resides, in\\nthe northeast corner of Section 21, and upon the bor-\\nder of the beautiful La Grange Prairie, originally\\nknown as Townsend s Prairie. The man who made\\nthis the first settlement in the township was a typical\\npioneer, well qualified for the life tiiat was before him,\\nand he lived long years in the home he here estab-\\nlished, enjoying in his old age the fruits of his early\\nindustry. He had seen much of pioneer life prior\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0i", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0302.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "fHOJ^.JESSE G.BEESOK\\nHOX. JESSE G. BEESON.\\nJesse G. Beeson was born December 10, 1807, in\\nWayne County, Inrl., where his parents, who were\\nboth natives of North Carolina, settled at an early\\n(lay. In 1828, Jesse G. Beeson was married to Anna\\nllencsten, who was the mother of his eight children.\\nIn 1830, he made a tour of inspection through South-\\nwestern Michigan, visiting the Carey Mission during\\nliis stay, and in 1833, with his wife and three chil-\\ndren, came to La Grange Township, Cass County,\\nwhich has ever since been his home. He first located\\non the farm now owned by Abram Fiero, and there\\nbuilt a small log cabin. After five years of pioneer-\\ning experience at this place, he removed, in l8- 7, to\\ntiie farm he now lives upon, which he bought of\\n.James Cavanaugh. Mr. Beeson has devoted his ener-\\ngies principally to farming and has been very success-\\nful. He is widely known in the county and univers-\\nally respected. In politics, he is a Republican. He\\nhas been honored with election to various local ofiSces,\\nand in 1853 was chosen to represent the people of his\\ncounty in the State Senate, which he did with credit\\nto himself and his constituency. Now, at the age of\\nseventy-five years, he is a hale, well-preserved man,\\nboth mentally and physically, and his vigorous health\\nattests the correctness of his life.\\nThe children of Jesse G. and Anna (Renesten) Bee-\\nson, eight in number, are all living. They are\\nWilliam H., of La Grange; Isaac N., of Three\\nRivers B. F., of Calvin Mary Jane (Huff), of Lin-\\ncoln, Neb.; Lorana (Dickson), of Wisconsin Laura\\nE. (Cammeron), of the same State, and Anderson G.,\\nof Lincoln, Neb.\\nMr. Beeson s first wife died in 1870, and in 187-\\nhe married his present wife.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0303.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0304.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nliis arrival in La Grange. Born in New York State\\nin 1771, he had gone, while very young, to Upper\\nCanada, and in 1815 he became a settler in Huron\\nCounty, Ohio, a region which was then in the front-\\nier. After a very brief stay there, he moved west-\\nward into Sandusky County (where a township was\\nnamed after him), and there he resided until 1825.\\nIn this year we find him in Pokagon Township of\\nCass County, with Uzziel Putnam, but without his\\nfamily. He had visited Michigan in 1824, and be-\\ncame favorably impressed with the country. In 1826,\\nhe came early in the spring, and planted with corn a\\npiece of ground on Pokagon Prairie. His son\\nGamaliel, came in July of that year, and in the year\\nfollowing, Abraham Townsend brought out his family,\\nconsisting of his wife, Statta (Kinney), and two un-\\nmarried daughters. Amy and Eliza. This was the\\nfamily which, with a full knowledge of pioneer life, its\\npains and privations and hardships and its simple\\npleasures, (a knowledge gained through sojourns in\\nseveral localities in the West,) that found, finally, a\\npermanent home on La Grange Prairie.\\nTownsend, as has been said, arrived upon the Ist of\\nMarch. The season was a favorable one for the flow-\\ning of sap in the maples, and the first work of the\\nfamily was the making of sugar to supply their own\\nwants and to barter, should opportunity off er, for\\nother articles. The first building erected in the town-\\nship was a rude shanty which Mr. Townsend put up\\nfor shelter while he was engaged in sugar boiling. It\\nstood west of the present residence of Ga maliel\\nTownsend. After the pioneer had planted his corn,\\nhe had leisure to build a good, snug log cabin. This\\nwas located on the land now owned by Orlean Put\\nnam. In the year following (1829), Mr. Townsend\\nbuilt a still better cabin, where Gamaliel Townsend s\\nbarn now stands.\\nMr. Townsend was not long without neighbors.\\nLawrence Cavanaugh and wife, and their son James,\\ncame to the township the same spring, and, for a\\ntime, lived with him, though the father soon after\\nlocated on Section 22, and the son where Jesse G.\\nBeeson now resides. The former removed to Berrien\\nCounty in 18.30.\\nAbraham Loux, of Sandusky County, Oliio, a son- j\\nin-law of Townsend s, and his wife Mary, came also\\nin the spring of 1828, and located on Section 2S.\\nIn the autumn, Thomas McKenney (after whom\\nthe northwestern part of the prairie was named), and\\nJames Dickson, his son-in-law, came to the township\\nand located on Section 17.\\nIn the month of October, the Wright family arrived,\\nand located on Section 21, where Stephen D. Wright j\\nnow lives and about the same time* came Eli P. Bon-\\nnell and his wife (Elizabeth Wright). William R.\\nWright and his wife Sarah (Baldwin) were from\\nButler County, Ohio, and had come there in 1808,\\nfrom New Jersey. They came across the country\\nfrom Southwestern Ohio in wagons, and had a dreary\\nride, which, perhaps, prepared them for a season full\\nof trials in their new abiding-place. After leaving\\nFort Wayne, Ind., they saw no human beings, until\\nIhey arrived at Edwardsburg but encamped nights\\nin the most favorable places they could find in the dreary\\nwoods. On arriving at their destination, they bought\\ntwo acres of standing corn from Abraham Loux, and\\nthis was all they had with which to feed five horses\\nand twelve head of cattle they had brought with them.\\nMr. Wright had made a trip to the scene of his settle-\\nment in the summer, and cut twelve acres of hay, but\\nthat gave out, and they were obliged to browse their\\nstock on the sweet inner bark of the hackberry trees\\nwhich chanced to be quite abundant in the vicinity.\\nThey cut the trees down and split them into rails for\\nconvenience in carrying and removing them to their\\ncabin, hewed the rough bark from them, and then\\nstripped off the spongy nether layer, which was\\nusually half an inch thick, and fed it to the hungry\\nhorses. In the absence of better food it was readily\\neaten both by cattle and horses, and it proved suf-\\nficiently nourishing to keep them alive through the\\nwinter, though they were much reduced. During a\\nlarge part of the season, the ground was thickly covered\\nwith snow, and Mr. Wright and his sons had to break\\npaths through it for the weakened cattle. Some of\\nthe animals were so weak that when they got down it\\nwas impossible for them to arise, and they required\\nconstant watching and tending.\\nThe family fared during this first winter almost as\\npoorly as did their stock. It was very difficult to\\nprocure breadstuffs. Corn meal and potatoes were\\nmore easily obtainable, and were the principal sup-\\nporters of life.\\nSpring brought relief and a vast burden of labor.\\nThe prairie lands had to be prepared for planting.\\nJoining forces, the few families of pioneers, with huge\\nteams attached to rough, strong plows, broke up the\\nsoil, which was held together by the rope-like red\\nroot. In later years, this plant gave less trouble, as\\nthe plows which came into use cut the roots off farther\\nbelow the surface, where they were, of course much\\nsmaller, but to the early settlers upon La Grange and\\nmost of the other prairies, it was a very serious annoy-\\nance.\\nIn 1829, the settlement was increased by the arri-\\nval of the Lybrooks, Isaac Shurte s family, the Rit-\\nters, the Simpsons, R)bert Wilson, Thomas Vander-\\nhoof, David Brady and Abram Tietsort, Sr.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0305.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nIsaac Shurte, who was a native of New Jersey, had\\nmoved with his parents at an early day to Butler\\nCounty, Ohio, and from there to Niles in 1828. He\\nwas one of the many who tarried for a aeason at that\\nMichigan Mecca of the pioneers. On arriving at La\\nGrange, he stopped over night with Abraham Loux,\\nand in the morning bought out his betterments, or\\nimprovements, for a horse, saddle and bridle. He\\nsoon sold this, however, for $100, with which he pur-\\nchased eighty acres of land, upon which he still\\nJohn Lybrook was another settler of this year who\\nhad gained a pioneering experience at Niles or in that\\nvicinity. He was a native of Virginia, but removed\\nto Preble County, Ohio, in 1811, with his parents.\\nAs early as 1823, he came to Michigan, assisting\\nSquire Thompson to move his family and goods.\\nAfter seeing them safe at their destination he returned\\nhome, traveling day after day on foot through the\\nseemingly interminable forests in which the snow lay\\nknee deep. He had intended to go only a two days\\njourney with Thompson, and his parents had given\\nhim up as lost. In the spring of 1825, accompanied\\nby his sisters Annie and Mary and three young\\nmen, he came out again, and built a cabin and planted\\nsome corn on the Indian fields on the Dowagiac\\nRiver, a short distance above its confluence with the\\nSt. Joseph, near the site of Niles. In the fall, he\\nreturned to Ohio and brought out his father and mother\\nHenly and Hannah (Hankey) Lybrook and four\\nsisters. On his return from this trip, he brought with\\nhim some seed wheat, which was sown on the Indian\\nfields, and believed to be the first in the St. Joseph\\ncountry. The same season he brought on horseback\\nfrom Detroit a small grindstone, which was used at\\nNiles by many settlers who came twenty, thirty, and\\neven forty miles for the e.\\\\:pre3S purpose of sharpening\\ntheir axes and other implements. On coming into\\nLa Grange, Mr. Lybrook bought out the claim of\\nLawrence Cavanaugh on Section 22, on the east side\\nof the prairie, and here he lived the remainder of his\\ndays.\\nIt has been already stated that the Ritters were\\nsettlers of this year. John Ritter was a sonin-law\\nof Henly Lybrook, having married his daughter,\\nSarah, in Preble County, Ohio, whither he had come\\nfrom Virginia, in 1809 or 1810, with his mother and\\nstep-father. Shortly after their marriage, in 1816,\\nthe couple moved to Union County, Ind., and in 1828\\nthey journeyed to Michigan, locating at a point about\\ntwo and a half miles north of the site of Niles, where\\nMr. Ritter entered land. Upon the morning of the\\nlast day of their journey, October 21, their daughter.\\nEve, died. The funeral was held at Henly Lybrook s.\\nA year later they came to La Grange, bringing with\\nthem their four young children. The experience of the\\nfamily was very sad and bitter. The time of their coming\\nwas about the 1st of August, and they had bright an-\\nticipations of building up a happy home, but, upon\\nthe last day of the month, John Ritter, the husband\\nand father, was suddenly taken from this life. The\\nfamily was living at the cabin of John Lybrook, hav-\\ning been unable to build one for themselves, when,\\nupon August 31, a storm arose, accompanied by fre-\\nquent flashes of lightning. A bolt struck the little\\nlog house, stunning and scaring all of its inmates, and\\ninstantly killing John Ritter. Mrs. Ritter was pros-\\ntrated by the lightning, but recovered from the shock.\\nStrangely enough, no other inmate of the cabin was\\ninjured.\\nIn the year 1830 came Hiram Jewell, William\\nRenesten, the Hass family, Abram V. Tietsort (known\\nas Big Abe Abram Tietsort, Jr. (son of the settler\\nof 1829), James Petticrew and several others, of whom\\nwe shall make extended mention in another portion of\\nthis chapter.\\nAbram Tietsort, Jr., who built his cabin upon tho\\neast bank of Stone Lake, about where the bowl fac-\\ntory now stands, in Cassopolis, was considerable of a\\nhunter, and his long-barreled rifle brought down many\\nI a deer in La Grange Township, and upon the site of\\nthe present county seat. His wife was a woman of\\nnerve, and occasionally was able to assist her husband\\nin supplying the larder from forest and lake. One\\nof her adventures was the capture of a superb deer in\\nthe middle of Stone Lake. Her husband had scared\\nit out of the woods on the opposite side of the lake,\\nand perhaps had wounded it. At any rate, the af-\\nfrighted animal took to the water, and swam straight\\nout. Mrs. Tietsort seeing the head and antlers of the\\nanimal across the smooth surface of the lake, sprang\\ninto a canoe, moored conveniently near the cabin, and\\npaddled fearlessly toward the animal. She succeeded\\nin holding its head under water with the canoe paddle\\nuntil the deer was drowned, and then towed the car-\\ncass to the shore. It proved to be in fine condition,\\nand the venison supplied the table of the Tietsort\\nftimily and those of two or three of their neighbors for\\nseveral days. Venison was a very common food\\namong the pioneers far more so than pork or beef\\nfor a number of years. A good marksman like Tiet-\\nsort or David Brady could at almost any time bring\\nin a deer carcass after an hour s hunt. Often the an-\\nimals were seen in herds of twenty or thirty, or even\\nlarger numbers.\\nWhile the early settlement was making while the\\ndots of human habitation were increasing in number\\non the prairie, and the little patches of sunshine were", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0306.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "STEPH EN D. V/F(IGHT.\\nF^ESIDEI^CE OF STEPH EK D.V/RlbH i. u/. K r i. i- fvl I C M.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0307.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0308.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n227\\ngrowing larger around the cabins of tiie pioneers in\\nthe forest, the various events of life were occurring.\\nChildren were born, men and women died, ami\\nmaidens were given in marriage. The old, old drama\\nof life and love and death was being enacted upon\\nvirgin soil.\\nThe first sad event and a very sad one it was, too,\\nwas the death of David L. Wright, son of William\\nR. Wright, upon the 30th of December, 1828. He\\nwas a young man twenty-three years of age born\\nNovember 10, 1805. He was the first person who\\nwas laid to rest in the little burying-ground on the\\nfarm of Isaac Shurte.\\nThe second death occurring in the township was\\nthat of Mrs. Mary Loux, a daughter of Abraham\\nTownsend. This death was early in 1829, and upon\\nAugust 31 of the same year the settlement was\\nshocked and grieved by the sudden taking off of John\\nRitter, of which an account has already been given.\\nThe first couple wedded in La Grange were James\\nCavanaugh and Amy Townsend. They were united\\nin marriage in 1829 by Squire William R. Wright,\\nat the house of Abraham Townsend, who was the\\nfather of the bride. The groom was a son of Law-\\nrence Cavanaugh. Mrs. Cavanaugh is now living in\\nIowa City, where her husband died in 1880.\\nMary Bonnell, a daughter of Eli P. and Elizabeth\\n(Wright) Bonnell, was born January 6th, 1830, and\\nwas the first white child born in the township. She\\nwas the first wife of J. N. Webster (now resident in\\nJefferson Township) and died July I, 1867.\\nJulia Ann Tietsort, who has been commonly con-\\nsidered as the first child born in La Grange, was born\\nfive months and twenty-seven days later than the\\nBonnell infant, or upon July 3, 1830. She was the\\ndaughter of Abram (Jr.) and Rachel (Thompson)\\nTietsort. She married John Gates, and is now living\\nin Orleans County, N. Y.\\nIn the summer of 1830 the first school was taught\\nby Miss Arlantha Jane Brown (a sister of Gamaliel\\nTownsend s first wife), who is said by her old pupils to\\nhave been a good teacher for that day. The\\nfollowing is believed to be a very nearly, if not quite\\ncomplete, list of the girls and boys who attended the\\nschool Henry Tietsort, Daniel Wilson, Martha\\nWilson, Betsy Wilson, Hiram Townsend, Abram\\nTownsend, Jr., Wilson Henderson, Thomas M. Chit-\\ntenden, Harriet Chittenden, Elizabeth Shurte, Eliza\\nWhitman, Adeline Whitman, Harriet Whitman, Sally\\nAnn Whitman, Rosette Whitman, Olivia Whitman,\\nRuth Davis, Mahlon Davis, Cornelius Tietsort, Squire\\nTietsort, Otis Whitman, Nancy Davis, Peter Brady,\\nPolly Brady, E. T. Dickson, R. J. Dickson, Dorcas\\nA. Dickson, Hannah Ritter, Henry Ritter, David\\nRitter, John M. Wright, Clara Wright. The school\\nwas held in a cabin a few rods south of the spot\\nwhere Gamaliel Townsend s house now stands.\\nHenly C. Lybrook taught the second school in a log\\n.house on the east side of the prairie on the John\\nRitter farm. Another early teacher was an individual\\nrejoicing in the name of James Harvey Cornelius\\nSmith.\\nIt is worthy of note that the settlers soon took\\nmeasures to provide themselves with fruit. As early\\nas 1831 the Townsends, Isaac Shurte and William R.\\nWright, set out apple orchards near their respective\\ncabins. Their trees were procured of John Jones,\\nwho brought trees from Niagara County, N. Y., and\\nplanted them on the place where Gamaliel Townsend\\nnow lives. This nursery was, not long afterward,\\nremoved to White Pigeon. The same season that\\nthese orchards were planted Thomas McKenney and\\nAsa Sherwood planted apple seeds from which fine\\ntrees were grown.\\nThe settlement had become so considerable by the\\nyear 1880, that a trading-place was deemed a neces-\\nsity and so Martin C. Whitman erected a building\\njust west of where Orlean Putnam s house now stands,\\nin which he opened a store. This, the first frame\\nstructure in La Grange Township, now forms a part\\nof Gamaliel Townsend s dwelling.\\nIn the same year the settlement was granted the\\nboon of a post office. Gamaliel Township was the\\nfirst Postmaster. Other needs were met as they\\narose. Among them was that of religious communion.\\nIt is probable that the first meetings were held in the\\nyear above mentioned, at the house of Thomas Simp-\\nson, on the west side of McKenney s Prairie. They\\nwere led by Martin Baker, a Baptist preacher. After\\nMartin C. Whitman removed his stock of goods, in\\n1832, to the place now known as La Grange Village,\\nthe vacated store building was used for religious\\ngatherings for a number of years.\\nFIRST ELECTION OF TOWNSHIP OFFICERS.\\nCivil organization was effected in the spring of 1830.\\nThe tract of country of which this chapter treats, to-\\ngether with the whole of the present township of\\nWayne and the north half of Jefferson had been by\\nact of the Legislative Council of the Territory of\\nMichigan, passed November 5, 1829, erected, as one\\nof the four original townships of the county, under\\nthe present name, which, by the way, was that of La\\nFayette s country place in France. In pursuance of\\nthe act which has been cited, the first election was\\nheld at the house of Isaac Shurte, on April 5, on\\nwhich occasion there were present eighteen voters-\\nAs a preliminary of the election, Thomas McKenney", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0309.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwas chosen Moderator Martin C. Whitman, Clerk\\nJames Petticrew, Assistant Clerk, and Abraham\\nTownsend and William R. Wright, Judges. The\\nofficers elected were the following Supervisor, Joseph\\nS. Barnard Clerk, ^lartin C. Whitman Assessors,\\nWilliam R. Wright, James Dickson and Ira H.\\nPutnam Collector, Eli P. Bonnell Commissioners\\nof Highways. James Petticrew, Isaac Shurte and\\nAbraham Townsend; Constables, Eli P. Bonnell,\\nMichael T. McKenney Commissioners and In-\\nspectors of Common Schools, Abraham Townsend,\\nAbraham Tietsort, William R. Wright Overseers of\\nHighways, John Lybrook and Thomas McKenney\\nPound Keeper, Gamaliel Townsend Fence Viewers,\\nAbraham Townsend and James Dickson.\\nThe territory now known as Wayne remained a\\npart of La Grange until 1835, and the north half of\\nthe present township of Jefferson was not detached\\nuntil March 29, 1833.\\nFive elections subsequent to the first were held at\\nIsaac Shurte s house but, by 1836, the settlement\\nhad become so large, and the voters increased to such\\na number, that it was thought best to make a change,\\nand the election of that year was held at the school-\\nhouse, on Abraham Townsend s farm.\\nA novel spectacle was afforded the settlers on La\\nGrange Prairie in the spring of 1832, by Joseph Bar-\\nnard. Many miles from navigable water, he built a\\nboat, the keel of which afterward and for several years\\nplowed the billows of Lake Michigan. It was capable\\nof carrying a cargo of about fifteen tons. When the\\nboat was completed, Mr. Barnard and his son took it\\nto the St. Joseph River upon a wagon drawn by oxen,\\nand successfully launched it. The first trip which\\nthe little craft made to Chicago netted the owners\\nabout $250.\\nE.ARLT RESIDENTS OF LA ORANGE.\\nAfter 1830, the settlement of the township in-\\ncreased (juite rapidly. Of many of the families which\\nemigrated subsequent to the year mentioned we shall\\ngive an account, but first, however, let us return to\\nthose who .have already been merely mentioned, and\\npresent a few facts in regard to them and their im-\\nmediate descendants.\\nReverting to Abraiiain Townsend, the first settler\\nof the township, we may state that he died at his home\\nin La Grange, Rafter a long and useful life, in June,\\n1855. The only unmarried children who came to the\\ntownship with Mr. and Mrs. Townsend were two\\ndaughters Amy, who, as has been stated, married\\nJames Cavanaugh, and Elizi, who mirriel Michael\\nI. McKenney, and now resides in Iowa. Townsend s\\nson-in-law, Loux, did not long remain in the township.\\nWilliam R. Wright and his wife, Sarah (Baldwin),\\nboth lived to a good old age, and ended their days on\\nthe place where they originally settled, the former in the\\nsummer of 1850 and the latter in 1868. The dates of\\ntheir births were, respectively, 1755 and 1777. Their\\neldest daughter, Susan (who was married first to a Web-\\nster, and after his death to a Mr. Vail), did not come to\\nMichigan when her parents did, but emigrated in\\nlater years. The next oldest was Mary (wife of\\nIsaac Shurte), who still resides in the township, and\\nis one of the oldest persons in it, having been born in\\n1801. The other children were Dennis, David L..\\nElizabeth (wife of Eli P. Bonnell), Lucinda, Rachel,\\nStephen D., Clarissa (wife of Stephen Ball) and John\\nMiller. Of these all are deceased, save Stephen D.,\\nwho lives upon the old homestead.\\nDavid Bonnell died in 1857, and his wife in 1881.\\nThey had five children Mary, Sarah, Angeline,\\nEmma and David. All are deceased but the last\\nnamed, and he is a resident of Kansas.\\nWe have heretofore mentioned the fact that the\\nMcKenneyand Dickson families settled on McKenney s\\nPrairie in the fall of 1828. The exact date was Octo-\\nber 25. Mr. McKenney had come out (from Pokagon)\\nin the spring and built a cabin, and in August broke\\nup five acres of ground in which he sowed wheat.\\nCapt. Joseph Barnard, for the use of the cabin until\\nsuch time as the owner should need it, had agreed to\\nmud and chink it, and when the families arrived\\nthey found him very comfortably domiciled. Barnard\\nmoved out and took shelter in a tent (until he built\\nhimself a house), and both families and two young\\nmen, sixteen persons in all, moved into the little cabin.\\nMr. McKenney and his wife Dorcas (Inman) with\\ntheir six children came to Michigan from Wayne\\nCounty, Ind. A portion of the way they drove\\ntheir teams along the trail made by the Rev. Isaac\\nMcCoy, when he came to the site of Niles in 1822, to\\nestablish the Carey Mission. Mr. McKenney, after\\nmaking his preliminary trip to Cass County, in 1827,\\nreported so favorably upon the country that a number\\nof his neighbors were induced to follow him in his emi-\\ngration. He was one of the best known citizens of\\nthe county, and a man universally liked and respected.\\nHe received appointment as the first Judge of\\nProbate, but did not qualify. In 1850, he re-\\nremoved to Council Bluffs, ai d died there in June,\\n1852. He was born in Washington County, N. Y.,\\nin the year 1781, and removed to Cayuga County,\\nwhen sixteen years old, where he remained until 1813.\\nDuring the war of 1812, he acted as a home guard\\nand was at Sodus Bay when that place was surren-\\ndered by the British. From New York he removed\\nto Huron County, Ohio, and from there to Wayne", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0310.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": ")^Of\\\\/ER WETLLS.\\nJVIf^S- H0/V1ER Wk. LLS.\\nt\\nRESlDEN CLOF jHOfv/IER WELlS, LA GF?ANGE, )V1 I C H", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0311.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0312.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n229\\nCounty, Ind. Mrs. McKeiiney died at the home on\\nthe prairie in 1845. Their children are all deceased\\nexcept Micajah B.. who resides in California. Michael\\nI. died in Iowa, 1858; Lyllis, the wife of James Dick-\\nson, died September, 1881. The other children were\\nLaura, wife of James Cuppe Lovina Esther, wife of\\nD.ivid Brown Jane (Loomis) and Julia.\\nJames Dickson, son-in-law of Thomas McKenney,\\nwas born in Washington County, Penn., in 1794.\\nHe emigrated to Huron County, Ohio, in 1811, and\\nfrom there to Wayne County, Ind., where he was\\nmarried. He died September 16, 1866, in Dowagiac.\\nTheir children are Edwin T., a resident of Berrien\\nCounty since 1849; Robert J., of Pokagon Township\\nDorcas A., wife of Ira Brownell, of Dowagiac Laura,\\nwife of G. C. Jones, of Dowagiac, (deceased); Levi, in\\nCalifornia; A. M., in Wisconsin; Hannah A., wife\\nof Henry Snyder, and Jane, wife of William Houser,\\nboth in Dowagiac; and William in Nebraska.\\nIsaac Shurte and his wife Mary (Wright) are still\\nliving where they settled in 1829. The former was\\nborn in 1796, and is consequently five years older\\nthan his wife, of whom we have already spoken.\\nTheir descendants are mostly living. Elizabeth, the\\neldest (Mrs. Henry Ritter), is deceased. Margaret\\n(Hardenbrook) resides in Wayne Township Francis\\nis in Oregon Susan, deceased, William, Sarepta (wife\\nof Don A. Fletcher), and Henry are all residents of\\nthis township.\\nThe members of the Ritter family, the tragic death\\nof whose head has already been mentioned, continued\\nto reside in Cass County. Hannah, the eldest, and\\nJoseph K. still live in Cassopolis. Three others are\\ndeceased Henry L., who died in 1872 David M. in\\n1865, and Eve, who died as an infant when the\\nfamily first came to the State. John Ritter, the\\nfather, was born in Virginia in the year 1793.\\nJohn Lybrook, of whose experiences we have given\\na somewhat extended account, lived until May 25,\\n1881. He was married March 26, 1840, to Mary\\nHurd, who, with three children Henry Lybrook, now\\na resident of Texas, Joseph and Arminda Lybrook,\\nof this township survive him. He was born in Giles\\nCounty, Va., October 25, 1798. His father, Henry\\nLybrook, who was born in Pennsylvania, April 2,\\n1755, died in 1839, at the age of eighty-four, and his\\nmother in 1849.\\nThomas, John and Elias Simpson, sons of John\\nSimpson, of Scotland (who came to America before\\nthe Revolutionary war, and fought in that struggle on\\nthe side of the Colonies), emigrated from Ohio and\\nsettled near each other on McKenney s Prairie, in\\n1828. Thomas, the eldest, died in recent years, at\\nan advanced age. His wife was Elizabeth Baker, and\\ntheir children were Elias, deceased; Sarah (Mrs.\\nLilley, a resident of this township) James and Cath-\\nerine (True), in Pokagon Thomas, who was a soldier\\nin the late war. Company A, Twelfth Michigan In-\\nfantry, now resident in the State Martin, in Iowa\\nMary (Shurte), and Matilda (Piatt), in Oregon\\nMalinda, deceased Harriett (Morris), and Andrew,\\nboth now living in Volinia.\\nJohn Simpson removed to Missouri and died there.\\nHe had a large family of children, one of whom,\\nAnne (Mrs. P. Dewey), now lives in Pokagon.\\nElias Simpson died in 1841, aged forty years, and\\nhis wife Rachel (Taylor) in 1860. Their children\\nliving, are Margaret (wife of Norman Jarvis, of this\\ntownship); Thomas, in California; and Elizabeth\\n(Crowell), in Indiana. Four of their descendants\\nJohn, William, Rebecca and Catherine, are deceased.\\nOne of the settlers of 1829, on Section 21, was\\nRobert Wilson, an emigrant from Ohio, born in Penn-\\nsylvania in 1771. His wife s name was Rebecca\\nHenderson. Their children were Margaret, John,\\nSamuel, James II., Robert W., Daniel, Martha,\\nElizabeth. The father of this family died on his\\nfarm in La Grange in 1852.\\nA well-known character who arrived in the ^town-\\nship this year was David Brady, a hard rider and\\ngreat hunter, noted for his fondness of pursuing Rey-\\nnard and other game. His pack of hounds did much\\nto clear the county of wolves and the various other\\nanimals which were pests to the pioneer farmers, and\\nwere usually designated as varmints. He rode a\\nhorse which could clear any fence in the country.\\nBrady, who was originally from New Jersey, and born\\nin 1785, went into the war of 1812, and in 1816\\nsettled in Marion County, Ohio, from whence he\\ncame to Michigan. He stopped for a short time in\\nKalamazoo County and a township was there named\\nafter him. He lived in La Grange, on Section 21,\\nuntil his death in 1878, at the age of ninety-three.\\nHe had many eccentricities, some of which might be\\nemulated to the good advantage of the people in gen-\\neral and others not. Among the former class we\\nmay cite his kindly treatment of -the poor and his\\nliberality to them, a trait which is very often spoken\\nof by the old settlers who knew him. It is related\\nthat when corn was very scarce and high priced and\\nmany poor farmers in want of a sufficient quantity to\\ncarry them through the winter, he refused to sell out\\nhis crop to speculators or to let any of his applicants\\nhave large lots, but sold to those who were in need at\\nhalf price. It was a common thing for him to send\\nprovisions to poor widows in his neighborhood and to\\nassist deserving young men. There were few men of\\nkinder iieart than David Brady and few of rougher", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0313.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "230\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nexterior or manners. He was a man of great native\\nintellectual ability, but uneducated. His natural\\nshrewdness, wit and strength of mind drew around\\nhim many admirers from other walks of life than that\\nwhich he followed. Nearly all of the eminent\\nlawyers of the State who had business in Cassopolis\\nwere in the custom of paying Brady a visit before\\nthey departed for their homes, and the best of them\\nfound a congenial companion in the rough, unlettered\\npioneer farmer. He was a man whom education\\nwould undoubtedly have developed into as great a\\ngiant intellectually as nature had made him physically.\\nMr. Brady was married several times and reared a\\nvery large family of children over twenty of\\nwhom, however, only one, Mrs. Phebe Merwin, is now\\nliving in La Grange. His widow married Thomas\\nMoore, and is a resident of this township.\\nAbrara Tietsort, Sr., who has been mentioned as\\na settler of 1829, came in December and located where\\nHiram Jewell now lives. He exchanged farms after-\\nward with Mr. Jewell, and until his death in 1847,\\nresided where the Air Line depot now is. He was\\nborn in New Jersey in 1777, was in the war of 1812\\nand soon after its close, settled in Butler County,\\nOhio, from whence he and his family came to Michi-\\ngan, and located on the site of the city of Niles in\\nMarch, 1828, where he remained until coming to\\nCass County. He and his eldest son, Abram Tiet-\\nsort, Jr., among other occupations, ran flat-boats upon\\nthe St. Joseph River. The family of Mr. Tietsort\\nconsisted of his wife, Margaret (Banta), who survived\\nhim seven years, and his sons, Abram, Levi, Henry,\\nCornelius B. and Squire V. Of these, one only is\\nliving, Henry, who is in this township. He has fol-\\nlowed all his life the trade of a mason, has been very\\nindustrious and numerous examples of his handiwork\\nappear in Cassopolis and its vicinity. Abram, the\\neldest son (of whom we have already had considerable\\nto say), died in 1842; Levi, in 1865 Cornelius B., in\\n1870 and Squire V., upon the old homestead in 1852.\\nThe Vanderhoofs Thomas and his wife, Rebecca\\n(Furguson) came into the township in 1829, locating\\nwhere Asa Kingsbury, Jr., now lives. Mrs. Vander-\\nhoof died a number of years before her husband, and he\\nmarried as his second wife, Mrs. Silvia Van Antwerp.\\nHe died in 1851, aged sixty-two years. His children\\nby his first wife were Amelia (wife of Orlean Put-\\nnam), who died in November, 1881 Arminda, also\\ndeceased David, resident in Iowa Darinda, Julia\\nAnn and Perry, all three deceased Thomas F. and\\nJacob, in Iowa; Ann (Ball), in Wayne Township;\\nand Henry, deceased. By his second wife, Mr. Van-\\nderhoof had two children Hannah (Beckwith) and\\nEmma (Sherwood), both now resident in Dowagiac.\\nYoakley Griflin,of Wayne County, Ind., was among\\nthe settlers of 1830. He located on McKenney s\\nPrairie, where he had previously purchased eighty\\nacres of land. With him came his family, consisting\\nof his wife and their children Melinda, Margaret,\\nZadoc, Perlina, Elizabeth, Mary, John and Elethe.\\nMr. Griffin resided in the township until his decease.\\nHis daughter Mary, in 1838, married Jonathan\\nDewey, who was one of the early settlers of Pokagon\\nTownship, where he died in 1878. Mrs. Dewey is\\nstill living, and resides with her son, Henry C. Dewey,\\nin Pokagon.\\nAt the same time Griffin made his settlement, his\\nson-in-law, Jonathan Prather and his wife Rebecca\\narrived, bringing with them their children William,\\nJames, Fanny, Lovinia, Elizabeth and Eli.\\nIra H. Putnam (a brother of Uzziel Putnam, the\\npioneer of the county) and his wife Polly (Markham),\\nwho had settled in Pokagon in 1826, moved into this\\ntownship in 1830. They went to Jefferson in 1834,\\nand Mr. Putnam died there in the summer of 1847.\\nTheir son, Ira J. Putnam, who is undoubtedly the\\noldest native-born resident of the county, now resides\\nin Cassopolis. He was born in Pokagon Township,\\non the place where J. McAllister now lives, Septem-\\nber 21, 1827.\\nWilliam Renesten and his wife Elizabeth (Harter)\\ncame to the township in 1830, and located in the\\nnorthwest corner, near the site of Dowagiac, or at\\nwhat has since been known as the Spalding Mill\\nproperty. Here Mr. Renesten set up a carding ma-\\nchine, and subsequently a grist mill, but he sold out\\nto Erastus H. Spalding in 1834, and removed to a\\nfarm in Section 17, where he lived until recent years,\\nwhen he removed to Berrien County, where he now\\nlives with his daughter. He has been noted for his\\nindustry and economy, and was a good farmer. He\\nfollowed that occupation steadily from the time he sold\\nhis mill property. He was born in Mifflin, Penn., in\\n1796. He settled in Southern Indiana in 1818, and\\nlived there until he removed to Michigan. His chil-\\ndren are Melinda (the widow of David Ritter), now\\nliving in Berrien County, and Mary E. (Mrs. E.\\nSpalding), of La Grange Township.\\nHiram Jewell, born in 1805 in Monmouth County, N.\\nJ., five miles from the famous battle-field a settler in\\nButler County, Ohio, in 1817, arrived in La Grange\\nin September, 1830, and located where the Air Line\\ndepot now is in Cassopolis, which farm he exchanged\\nwith Abram Tietsort, Sr., for the one he now lives\\nupon, in 1837. His wife s name is Martha (Waldron).\\nTheir children are Miriam (Mrs. Quick) and Eldridge,\\nwho live in this township, and Edith (wife of Henry\\nGoodrich) in Jefferson. Several of Mr. Jewell s", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0314.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "F^ESIDENCE/ND FB^UIT F^Rjvl OF B. F. ENGLE.lA 3RANGl,CAoS CO.MiCH.\\nB. F. ENGLE.\\nB. F. Engle was born in Allegany County, N. Y.,\\nApril 5, 1833, and was the fifth child of a family of\\nseven, the children of Silas and Mercy Engle. In\\nJune, 1844, he removed with his parents to Van Buren\\nCounty, Mich., where he grew to manhood s estate,\\nand where the opportunities afforded him for obtaining\\nan education were very meager, because the necessities\\nof the family required that he devote his youthful\\nenergies in obtaining a livelihood. He, however,\\nacquired habits of industry, perseverance, and a spirit\\nof hopefulness, which have been put to a severe test,\\nfor upon two occasions the fruits of his patient and\\nintelligent labors have been swept away, and he left\\nunaided to retrieve his fortunes, burdened with fam-\\nily sickness and other obstacles wliicli would have\\ndisoourageil many. While the major portion of\\nhis life has been spent in agricultural pursuits, they\\nhave nut coiiiniauiled his entire attention, for he\\ndevoted five years to mercantile business in Lawton,\\nand from there removed to Whitmanville in 1865,\\nand engaged in trade, and one year subse(iuent re-\\nmoved to the farm on which he now resides, and\\ncommenced for the third time to build himself a home,\\nbeing at this time below the bottom round of the lad-\\nder of fortune. In addition to farming, he devoted\\nmuch attention to fruit culture, and to this latter fact\\nhe is indebted for his financial success, for from this\\nmoment misfortune ceased to follow him, and in this\\ninstance the Latin phrase, Fortes fortuna j uvat, is\\napplicable.\\nMr. Engle is now the most extensive and successful\\nfruit-grower in the county, and notwithstanding the\\nfact that he lost one liundred peach trees during the\\npast year by disease, will set out one thousand four\\nhundred this season (1882).\\nThe above illustration of his place shows in a meas-\\nure what he has accomplished. On the 23d of De-\\ncember, 1855, he was united in marriage to Mary\\nLovina, daughter of Jonathan Elliott, who was born\\nin Ludlow, Vt., January 22, 1834. They have been\\nblessed with five children, four of whom, Franklin,\\nMay, Silas and Hattie, are living, and Laura, de-\\nceased.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0315.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0316.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nbrothers came to Cass County at dates subsequent to\\nhis own settlement, James and William W., who came\\nrespectively in 1831 and 1832, are both deceased.\\nElias is in Wayne Township, and Archibald, who set-\\ntled in the same township, while Daniel resides in\\nKansas.\\nAbram V. Tietsort (Big Abe), who came also in\\nthis year, located on land adjoining Hiram Jewell s\\npresent farm, in Section 2(3. He removed soon to\\nWayne Township, and from there to Iowa, where he\\ndied. He was from Butler County, Ohio, from\\nwhence it will be observed came very many of the\\nLa Grange pioneers, and, for that matter, those of vari-\\nous other townships in the county.\\nAnother family which made its advent this year\\nwas the Hass family Henry and his two sons, Charles\\nand Henry. They were from Germany, but came to\\nMichigan from Butler County, Ohio. The father\\nlocated where William Shurte now lives, on Section\\n15. His son Henry, who afterward married Polly\\nLybrook and removed to Pokagon Township, lived\\nwith him. Charles Hass settled on land now owned\\nby Samuel Graham, in the present limits of Cassopo-\\nlis, and spent the remainder of his life there.\\nThe Petticrew and Hain families were prominent\\narrivals in 1831, and at least one member of the\\nformer family, James Petticrew, came to the township\\nin 1830. John F. Petticrew, the patriarch of this\\nfamily of pioneers, was one of those characters whom\\nall have delighted to honor a Revolutionary soldier,\\nand fought through the whole seven years. He had\\nemigrated from Pennsylvania to Rockbridge County,\\nVa., and from there to Clark County, Ohio, before\\ncoming to Michigan. After the settlement in La\\nGrange, he made his home with his children until\\nhis death in 1837. His sons, James and John F.,\\nlived on Section 30. A nephew, John Petticrew,\\nwho was a soldier in the war of 1812, located over\\nthe line in Jefferson Township. Joseph McPherson,\\na son-in-law of the senior Petticrew, located on Sec-\\ntion 31, but moved away to Indiana. His son John,\\nhowever, lives in Jefferson. At the same time as\\nthe above, Mrs. Elizabetl^ Lowe, a widow, daughter\\nof John F. Petticrew, settled over the line in Pokagon\\nTownship.\\nThe Hains were closely connected with the Petti-\\ncrews two of them being sons-in-law. John and\\nDavid Hain were born in Lincoln County, N. C.\\ncame from there to Clark County, Ohio, with their\\nparents and from there to this township, locating on\\nSection 31. Their brother, Jacob, who came on in\\n1846, is now living in Iowa. Both of the early emi-\\ngrants of this family had experience in the Sauk war\\nthat is, they obeyed several calls to Niles when\\nit was feared the Indians were approaching. David\\nwas a blacksmith and opened a shop the year after he\\narrived, which was probably the first one in the town-\\nship. His plows were much sought for by the\\npioneer farmers, and he had customers from the region\\nround about extending ten to twenty miles. In 1837,\\nhe made for Daniel Wilson the first steel plow manufact-\\nured in the county. -John Hain was an active and\\nenterprising farmer. In the year 1837, he set out an\\napple orchard, which was one of the earliest planted\\nin this part of La Grange. The trees are still stand-\\ning and bear excellent natural fruit. From the apples\\nof this orchard was made the first cider in the town-\\nship. Both of the Hains reared families, and John\\nHain quite a large one. His wife was Jane Petti-\\ncrew. Of the five children who came with them to\\nMichigan, Elizabeth is deceased. Rosannah (Con-\\ndon) resides in Jefferson Township Margaret (La-\\nthrop) and Sarah (White) are in California, and John\\nlives upon the old homestead. The father died in\\n1879, in his eightieth year, and Mrs. Hain in 1860.\\nDavid Hain, who died in 1878, and his wife Mar-\\ngaret (Petticrew), who died in 1845, left two children\\nwho reside in the township, viz., William H. and\\nMary J. (Kimmerle).\\nJason R. Coates and his wife, Jane (Barney), from\\nGenesee County, N. Y., settled on the farm where\\nJason B. Coates their son now lives, in the year 1831.\\nThey arrived late in the fall, and Mr. Coates was\\nkilled August 17th of the following year, his horse\\ndashing him against the limb of a tree in the village\\nof Cassopolis. His widow, who at first thought of\\nreturning to their old home in New York, concluded\\nto remain in Michigan, for the sake of her children,\\nand brought up her family upon the farm her husband\\nhad purchased. She died in 1844, leaving five chil-\\ndren, viz. Laura (Arrison), now resident in Iowa\\nJason B., who lives upon the homestead farm Jane\\n(Allen), formerly the wife of Dr. B. F. Gould, in\\nCassopolis Eliza, the widow of John Powers (who\\nwas killed by Indians in Idaho, in 1864), also in\\nCassopolis, and Harriet (Sharpe) in Iowa.\\nIn 1832, came Catherine Kimmerle, from Butler\\nCounty, Ohio a sister of the Hass brothers above\\nmentioned. She brought with her three children\\nMary (Maulsley), now in Iowa Henry, a well-known\\nfarmer of the township, who has resided at his present\\nplace on the Niles road for eighteen years, and\\nAmanda (Van Cleve), who resides in Kansas. The\\nwidowed mother of these children located on La\\nGrange Prairie when she first came to the county\\nafterward lived in Cassopolis, and died at the home\\nof her brother in Pokagon, in 1845.\\nJesse G. Beeson became a settler in 1833, and", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0317.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "232\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHTGAN.\\nexamined the country as early as 1830. He located\\noriginally on the farm now occupied by Abraham\\nFiero, building his cabin on Section 9. In 1837, he\\nmoved to the place where he still lives, buying out\\nJames Cavanaugh. Mr. Beeson is one of the sub-\\nstantial men of the county. He was elected to the\\nState Senate in 1853, and has held various minor\\noffices. His parents were early emigrants from North\\nCarolina to Wayne County, Ind., where he was born\\nin the year 1807. He was accompanied to his new\\nhome by his wife, Anna (Renesten), and three chil-\\ndren, and subsequently others were- born. He has\\neight children now living, viz. William H., in La\\nGrange Isaac N., in Three Rivers B. F., in Calvin\\nTownship; Mary Jane (HuflF), in Lincoln, Neb.;\\nLurana (Dixon), in Wisconsin Eliza Ann (Dufoe),\\nand Laura E. (Cammeron), in Iowa, and Anderson\\nG., in Lincoln, Neb.\\nErastus H. Spalding was another prominent arrival\\nof the year 1833. He came from Scipio, N. Y.,\\nwhere he was born in 1801. He was largely inter-\\nested in affairs of value to the township and surround-\\ning county, especially milling. He built no less than\\nthree mills in La Grange, which are elsewhere spoken\\nof. Mr. Spalding died in 1869. His first wife was\\nAurelia Alvord, of New York State. After her death\\nhe married (in 1836), Mai-y Aurelia Barker, of Cass-\\nopolis, by whom he had three children, Lyman\\nBarker, Erastus H. and Frederick E. Erastus H.\\ndied November 19, 1877.\\nIn the same year as the above came Correl Messen-\\ngers arriving in April. In the following year, he\\nbought land in Section 33, where he has since lived.\\nIn addition to clearing up his own farm, he performed\\nlarge service with the breaking plow for other\\nearly settlers. He was born in Litchfield County,\\nConn., in 1809, and removed with his parents three\\nyeai s later to Marietta, Ohio, and from thence, about\\n1831, to Marion County, in the same State. He\\nmarried Lorena Young. They have had nine chil-\\ndren all except one of whom, the eldest, Antha, are\\nliving. Following are their names and residences.\\nOrrin, in Calvin; Evart, in Iowa; Lemuel, in Ohio;\\nSarah (Zane), in Calvin Elizabeth (Collins), in Cass-\\nopolis George, in Iowa K. E., at home and\\nHenry, in Cassopolis.\\nIn 1834, Shepherd Wheeler and wife, from New\\nYork State, located where William Shurte now lives,\\nand in the following year Lemuel Sifert, of Ohio,\\ncame into the township. He removed soon afterward\\nto Indiana and died there about 1840.\\nWilliam G. Wiley arrived in 1835. He was origi-\\nnally from New York City emigrated from there to\\nNew Jersey, from there to Ohio, and from thence to\\nMichigan. He followed coopering. Afterward bought\\na farm in Wayne Township, and in 1854 returned to\\nLa Grange Township. He married, in Cassopolis,\\nHarriet Sifert, and died in 1865 at the age of fifty-six\\nyears, leaving four children, viz. Robert II., of\\nLa Grange Township, who for a number of years past\\nhas been Supervisor Mary E. (Malloy), in Edwards-\\nburg; Emily (Mrs. William H. Hain), of this town-\\nship, and John, who resides in Volinia. John B.\\nWiley, grandfather of William, and his wife Hannah\\nM. (Fryer), came to Cassopolis about 1838, and it is\\nprobable that Mr. Wiley was the first cooper in the\\nvillage.\\nSettlement was also made this year by Isaac Scares\\nwith his wife and eleven children. Mr. Scares died\\nthree years later, in the fall of 1839, being at the\\ntime of his decease. County Treasurer. He was born\\nin Connecticut in 1795 moved with his parents to\\nCayuga County, N. Y., while quite young, and from\\nthence, in 1809, to Erie County, in Pennsylvania.\\nHe served in the war of 1812, under Commodore\\nPerry. His wife Polly (Custard) long survived him,\\ndying in 1870. The children are William, a much\\nrespected farmer of this township Abram, deceased\\nAndrew, in Texas John, a resident of the township\\nPhebe and Sarah, deceased Susan (Walker), in Illi-\\nnois Charity (Byers and Philena Baughara), in Iowa\\nRichard, deceased, and Mary (Swartout) in Cassopolis.\\nZadoc Jarvia came to the township in the spring of\\n1836, and brought his family in the same year. He\\nrented the property where his son, Norman, now lives,\\nfor three years, and then removed to Pokagon Town-\\nship, where he died in 1852. He was born in Roanoke\\nCounty, N. C, in 1785, and about 1825, removed to\\nWayne County, Ind., where he lived until coming to\\nMichigan. His wife was Lucy Owens. The oldest\\nson, Burton, who came to the State a year earlier\\nthan his father, now lives in Berrien County Sarah\\n(wife of James Moore), resides in Pokagon Township\\nPolly (wife of Joseph Sparks) is deceased Norman\\nhas, after residence in several other localities, been a\\ncitizen of La Grange for the past twenty-six years\\nBenjamin and Edith are deceased; Zadoc is a resident\\nof the township.\\nHenry Springstine and his wife, Eleanor (Clark),\\ncame in the spring of 1837, from Niagara County, N.\\nY., and located where Abram Fiero now lives. Mr.\\nSpringstine died the following year, aged fifty-eight.\\nHis oldest son, John, was married when the family\\ncame to the West, his wife being Romelia Colby. A\\nson of this couple, B. M. Springstine, now lives in the\\ntownship. The other children of Henry Springstine\\nand wife are Matthew, now living in St. Joseph\\nJarah (Cronkhite), deceased Eliza and Catherine,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0318.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0319.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "f\\nI^OT^MAf^ jy\\\\F^N/ is,\\n|/If^S.f40F^MAI^ JARViS.\\nNOEMAN JAKVIS.\\nNorman Jarvis, one of the pioneers and prominent\\nfarmers of La Grange, was born in Roan County,\\nN. C, April 14, 1821. His father, Zaddock I\\nJarvis, was also a native of North Carolina, and\\na planter in medium circumstances he married i\\nLucy Owens, by whom he had seven children, four\\nboys and three girls. In 1819, he emigrated to Indi-\\nana with his family, where he remained until 1833,\\nwhen he came to La Grange, and settled on the place\\nnow owned by his son; in the fall, he returned to\\nIndiana for his family. Norman was at this time\\ntwelve years of age, and his recollections of the\\ntrials, hardships, and privations of the early days are\\nstill vivid. The elder Jarvis was a fine type of the\\nearly settler he lived in La Grange until his decease,\\n.which occurred in 1851 his wife is still living, hale\\nand hearty, at the advanced age of ninety years.\\nNorman lived under the parental roof until he was\\neighteen years of age, when he began life as a boatman\\nand farmer, devoting the summer months to the for-\\nmer avocation and working as a farm hand during the\\nwinter. In this way he accumulated a sum sufficient\\nfor the purchase of eighty acres of land in Pipestone,\\nBerrien County after several changes, he bought the\\nfarm where he now resides, in 1865, and which he has\\nimproved, with the exception of tJO acres. The\\nfarm, a view of which we present on another page,\\nconsists of 270 acres of fertile land under a high\\nstate of cultivation. In 1842, Mr. Jarvis was mar-\\nried to Miss Margaret, daughter of Elias Simpson,\\none of the pioneers of the county, having removed\\nfrom Ohio in 1830. She was born near Chillicothe,\\nOhio, February 28, 1824, and was six years of age\\nat the time of the family s emigration to Pokagon,\\nwhere her father died in 1841, and her mother in\\n1860. Coming into the country in the early days of\\nits settlement, Mr. Jarvis was denied the advantages\\nof education, which the youth of to-day are in posses-\\nsion of, and his education has been confined to that\\nother school in which the teachers are observation\\nand experience. He is emphatically a self-made\\nman, and the architect of his own fortune. The\\nsalient points in his character are industry and\\nhonesty, by which means he has attained the position\\nhe holds among the representative men of Cass Coun-\\nty. This biography would be incomplete without\\nsome mention of Mrs. Jarvis, who has shared his joys\\nand sorrows. She has been to him a helpmeet in\\nall that the name implies, and is a woman of many\\nestimable qualities of mind and heart. The two\\nreared a family of ten children Mary, William,\\nLoramie, Rachael, Franklin, Jennie, Jasper, Ella,\\nLucy and Mertie, all of whom are living.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0320.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "u\\no\\no\\n1\\n-.WvV$\u00c2\u00bb*\\ni If", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0321.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0322.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "filSTORY OF CASS COUiNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n233\\nresidents of the township; Miriam (Compton), de-\\nceased Levi, living in Wayne Township, and Henry,\\nwho died in this township in 1850.\\nAndrew Jackson Mosher located at the village of\\nLa Grange in 1840.\\nThe year following, Erastus Palmer and his wife,\\nAbigail (Hungerford), came into the northwest part\\nof the township from Wayne. They were originally\\nfrom Livingston County, N. Y., and Mr. Palmer was\\nborn there in the closing years of the last century.\\nHe died at his home in this township in 1850. He was\\nthe father of eight children, viz.: William K., now\\nand for many years a resident of Dowagiac John W.,\\nin Illinois Cordelia and Ann Maria, deceased\\nGeorge C, a resident of this State Jane and Benja-\\nmin F., now in Iowa, and Elizabeth, deceased.\\nJames Kelsey became a settler upon Section 2 in\\n1839, emigrating from New York State. He is still\\nliving, and a resident of the township. He was born\\nin 1810. A sketch of his son, Dr. William J. Kelsey,\\nof Cassopolis, appears elsewhere in this work.\\nGabriel Hathaway, a carpenter from Allegany\\nCounty, N. Y., settled on the edge of Young s Prairie,\\nin Penn Township, in 1844, and not long afterward\\nremoved to this township, and located where his\\nson Orrin now lives, near the Jones Mill. The family\\nconsisted of his wife, Mary Masters, and seven chil-\\ndren, and after their arrival in Michigan two others\\nwere born. Lydia, Maria (Roundtree), John and\\nSilas are deceased Orrin and Josiah are residents of\\nthis township Leonard and Joseph are in Iowa, and\\nFrederick and Charles (deceased). Gabriel Hatha-\\nway died in 1877, at the age of eighty-four years.\\nCharles Fiero and his wife, Laura Ann (Clark),\\nmoved in from Sandusky County, Ohio, in 1847.\\nThey have two children, Frances (Hathaway) and\\nArminda. Mr. Fiero bought land in the township in\\n1843, but purchased his present place of Peter Brady\\nin 1849.\\nA brother of the above, Abram Fiero, came to the\\ntownship in 1853, and settled where he now resides,\\nbuying his farm of Frank and Isaac Beeson. Mr.\\nFiero and wife, Fannie A. (Thorpe), have had six\\nchildren, and have three sons living, John, Byron and\\nWilliam.\\nThe early settlers of the Hass family have already\\nbeen mentioned. Their brother Jacob, and his wife,\\nMary (Karr), made their settlement in 1853, in the\\nsouthwestern part of the township. Mr. Hass was\\nfrom New Jersey, and was married in Darke County,\\nOhio, and moved to Michigan from Randolph County,\\nInd. He died in 1873, aged seventy. His oldest\\nson, Henry, moved to Missouri, entered the army\\nthere, and is now dead. William lives on the old\\nhomestead James is in Elkhart, and Catherine\\n(Curtiss) resides in Jefferson Township.\\nG. S. Wilbur and his wife, Louisa N. (Hause),\\ncame from Seneca County, N. Y., to Wayne Town-\\nship in 1854, and to their present location, on the\\nwest line of La Grange, near Dowagiac, in the follow-\\ning year. Mr. Wilbur has been Superintendent of\\nthe Poor in Cass County for ten years\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1871 to 1881.\\nHe has five children Fanny C. (Wares), at Barren\\nLake Theodore F. and E. Parsons, in Dowagiac\\nNathan P., in Texas, and Lloyd E., at home.\\nThe Van Riper family, of New Jersey, came into\\nthe township in 1854 and 1856, purchased about six\\nhundred acres of land,- including the water power privi-\\nlege at La Grange Village, and began a large business\\nin milling and manufacturing, which is elsewhere\\nnoticed. The first members of the family who arrived\\nwere the brothers Charles, Garro and William. The\\nfirst named was a soldier of Company A, Twelfth\\nMichigan Infantry, and being taken prisoner at Shiloh,\\nspent some months at Southern prisons. He subse-\\nquently moved to Nebraska. William and Garry\\nVan Riper are both still residents of La Grange Vil-\\nlage, and carry on business there, the former being\\nengaged in the manufacture of baskets. In 1856, the\\nparentsoftheVan Riper brothers, Abram and Catherine\\n(Mickler) Van Riper came out, and with them came\\nI another son, John A., Who, with his son, J. J. (the\\nI Attorney General of the State) now lives at Buchanan.\\nTunis Van Riper came about the same time as the above,\\nand now lives upon a farm near the village. The\\nparents of the Van Ripers are both deceased. Abram,\\nthe father, died in 1873, at the ripe age of eighty-four\\nyears.\\nAmong the comparatively recent settlers we may\\nmention Homer Wells and William R. Miller, both\\nrepresentative farmers, who arrived in 1865. The\\nformer located on the old Fletcher farm, in Section\\n10. He came with his parents to Kalamazoo County\\nfrom New York in 1840, and about 1860 moved to\\nWayne Township, Cass County, and from there came\\nto his present place. He has been twice married, the\\nfirst time to Laura Ann Reed, by whom he had two\\nchildren Leslie C, a resident of the township, and\\nMaria, deceased. His present wife is Fannie Bever-\\nstock. She has had five children Alma Maria,\\nFred B., Clarence, Daniel (deceased) and Blanche.\\nWilliam R. Miller, of Erie County, Penn., bought\\nthe farm on which he resides, in Section 34, of Henry\\nPells. He has been three times married. His present\\nwife is Mary (Baldwin). He had, by a former wife,\\nfour childen, one of whom is in Pennsylvania. Helen\\nM. and Lizzie re ide at home, and a married daugh-\\nter, Alice (Decou) lives in Penn Township.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0323.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "234\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nORIGINAL OWNERS OF THE LAND.\\nFollowing is a list of the land entries in the town-\\nship, arranged by sections, showing the date of entry,\\nthe number of acres taken up, together with the names\\nand residences of the owners\\nSection 1.\\nGabriel Nixon, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 3, 1831 79\\nGabriel Nixon, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 2, 1832 80\\nStephen Bogue, Cass County, Mich., March 24, 1832 79\\nJacob T. East, Cass County, Mich., March 24, 1832 80\\nElihu C. Quick, Cass County, Mich., April 23, 1836 80\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 28, 1836 160\\nAllen Ayrault, Livingston County, N. V., Dec. 6, 1836 80\\nSection 2.\\nIsaac Jones, Butler County, Ohio, April 26, 1833 40\\nJohn P. Wade, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1835 80\\nLyman A. Spalding, Niagara County, N. Y., Oct. 28, 1835.... 117\\nLyman A. Spalding, Niagara County, N. Y., Nov. 16, 1835... 318\\nFrancis J. Wayland, Cass County, Mich., Feb 1, 1836 40\\nSection 3.\\nAdam Gunckell, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 27, 183\\nJacob Price, Caas County, Mich., April 16, 1835\\nErastus H. Spalding, (Jass County, Mich., June 15,\\nLyman A. Spalding, Oct. 28, 1836\\nIsaac S. Bull, Cass County, Mich April 12, 1845...\\nSection 4.\\nErastus H. Spalding, June 15, 1835\\nLyman A. Spalding, Nov. 16, 1835....;\\nJohn S. Trumbull, Jackson County, Miclf., Feb. 1, 183\\nDennis Wright, Cass County, Mich., April 7, 1837\\nStephen D. Wright, Cass County, Mich., April 7, 1837.,\\nIsaac S. Bull, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 12, 1846\\nEliza Root, Cass County, Mich., May 3, 1853\\nSection 5.\\nErastus H. Spalding, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 17, 1835\\nSolomon Dunham, Niagara County, N. Y., Sept. 17, 1835....\\nLyman A. Spalding, Niagara County, N. Y., April 21, 1836..\\nLyman A. Spalding, Niagara County, N. Y., May 10, 1836..\\nJohn S. Trumbull, Jackson County, Mich., Feb. 1, 1837\\nDavid Lilly, Cass County, Mich., March 2 and 10, 1837\\nSamuel R. Henderson, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 2, 1837\\nSection 6.\\nReneston Hunt, Cass County, Mich., May 11, 1830 65\\nAaron M. Collins, Wayne County, Ind., Oct. 14, 1835 79\\nLyman A. Spalding, Nov. 16, 1835 160\\nLyman A. Spalding, April 21, 1836 143\\nAllen Ayrault, Livingston County, N. Y., Deo. 6, 1836 160\\nSection 7.\\nFrederick Reichert, Pickaway Counly, Ohio, Nov. 30, 1830... 80\\nWilliam Reneston, Cass County, Mich., May 10, 1886\\nAllen Ayrault, Dec. 6, 1836\\nSection 8.\\nJames Dickson, Ind., June 18, 1829\\nZ. Z. J. Griffin. May 29, 1830\\nAbsolom Colvin, Sept. 15, 1830\\nIsaac Dewey, Union County, Ind., Oct. 16, 1830..\\nThomas J. Patrick, May 8, 1833 40\\nJonathan Prater, July 7, 1830 80\\nChristian Barr, July 29, 1835 40\\nChristian Barr, Dec. 23, 1836 40\\nNathan M. Shepard, May 20, 1862 40\\nSection 9.\\nJohn Brown, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 22, 1832 80\\nCharles Wells, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 6, 1834 40\\nJesse G. Beeson, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 17, 1835 40\\nJesse G. Beeson, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 12, 1885 80\\nLevi Godfrey, Cass County, Mich., April 15, 1836 40\\nErastus H. Spalding, Cass County, Mich., June 16, 1836 280\\nRice High, Niagara County, N. Y., Sept. 17, 1885 80\\nSection 10.\\nSquire Thompson, Lenawee County, July 8, 1829 80\\nJesse Palmer, May 24, 1834 80\\nC. and T. Earle, Chittenden County, Vt., May 27, 1834 80\\nErastus H. Spalding, Cass Connty, Mich., June 15, 1835 80\\nJohn B. Wade, Cass County, Mich June 22, 1835 40\\nJared Palmer, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1836 40\\nJacob R. Hall, Cass County, Mich., July 3, 1835 80\\nSamuel Burbanks, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1835 80\\nSection 11.\\nGeorge Jones, Cass County, Mich Jan. 4, 1830 80\\nErastus H. Spalding, Cass County, Mich., June 16, 1885 80\\nErastus H. Spalding, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1835 120\\nJohn B Wade, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1835 80\\nJared Palmer, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1835 40\\nJacob R. Hall, Cass County, Mich., July 3, 1835 80\\nLuzerne 0. Bryan, Kalamazoo County, Mich., July 15, 1836. 80\\nGeorge W. Peterson, New York City, Jan. 30, 1887 80\\nSection 12.\\nWilliam McCleary, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 28, 1830 80\\nFrancis J. Wayland, Casa County, Mich., Jan. 30, 1837 80\\nWalter Clark, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Jan. 30, 1837 80\\nAurelius Howard, Ionia County, Mich., Jan. 30, 1837 240\\nThomas Stutterd, Niagara County, N. Y., Feb. 2, 1837 40\\nThomas Muncy, Cass County, Mich., March 1, 1837 40\\nGerhard H. Schliep, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 14. 1849 80\\nSection 13.\\nJames and Ann Henderson, New York City, Jan. 30, 1837... 160\\nHenry Jones, Casa County, Mich., Feb. 16, 1846 160\\nPhilo B. White, Cass Counly, Mich., Nov. 15, 1848 80\\nG. H. Schliep, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 14, 1849 80\\nFrederick H. Tholke. Cincinnati, Ohio, May 14, 1849 80\\nSection 14.\\nJohn De .Maranville 2d, Cass Counly, Mich., July 28, 1831...\\nJacob R. Hall, Cass County, Mich., July 3, 1836\\nShepherd Wheeler, Cass County. Mich., July 11, 1835\\nLewis E. Glover, Orleans County, N. Y., May 4, 1836\\nHenry Hass, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1836\\nIsaac McCleary, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1836\\nJacob R. Hall, Logan County, Ohio, July 6, 1839\\nPhilo B. White, Dec. 15, 1848\\nFrederick H. Tholke, May 14, 1849\\nSection 15.\\nIsaac Shurte, Lenawee County, Mich., Jan. 18, 1829 80\\nSamuel Shurte, Cass County, Mich., July 27, 1829 80\\nIra H. Putman, Caas County, .Mich., March 3, 1830 80", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0324.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "W lLLly^,M P. BUCKLiM,\\n|yiRS. William p. buckliM.\\nWILLIAM P. BUCKLIN.\\nAmong the pioneers whose memory it is well to\\nperpetuate, because of fidelity to his family and other\\nnoble traits, is William P. Bucklin, who was born in\\nPennsylvania December 20, 1816. When two years\\nof age, he removed with his parents to Sandusky\\nCounty, Ohio, and when fourteen years of age, ac-\\ncompanied them to Mottville, St. Joseph County,\\nwhere his father died in the fall of their removal, leav-\\ning a large family of children dependent upon their\\nown and mother s exertions for a livelihood. With a\\nmanliness far beyond his years, he being the eldest\\nson, he labored hard and successfully to maintain the\\nfamily circle unbroken, devoting the whole of his\\nearnings to this object.\\nWhen one takes into consideration the hard labor\\nand small remuneration received at this time, and that\\nhe could look forward to nothing but the hardest labor\\nto advance his own interest, and he an ambitious\\nyoung man, the noble sacrifices made for his brothers\\nand sisters can be, in a measure, realized, for he never\\nthought of self until his marriage, January 20, 1839,\\nto Mary A. Lilly, daughter of David and Mary Lilly.\\nHe then purchased a small farm of forty acres, and\\ncommenced life on his own account, and eight years\\nlater, moved on the farm of his father-in-law, in La\\nGrange township, where he deceased August 30, 1864,\\nhaving the esteem and respect of the community in\\nwhich he resided.\\nHis widow, who retains the old homestead, is a\\nresident of Marcellus, where she resides in luxurious\\nquiet. Of their ten children Ranson, Margaret,\\nAlbert, Estella and Laura L., are deceased. While\\nNorton W.; Thursey A., now Mrs. Boyd Cynthia\\nA., now Mrs. J. J. Ritter Josephine D., now Mrs.\\nB. R. Beebe, and Florence A., now Mrs. L M.\\nSmith, all reside in this county.", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0325.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0326.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nJ. DeMaranville 2d, Cass County, Mich., July 28, 1831 80\\nMartin C. Whitman, Cass County, Mioh.. Jan 14, 1832 80\\nC. T. Earle, Chittenden County, Vt., May 27, 1834 80\\nJacob R. Hall, July 3, 1835 40\\nSelah Whitman, .\\\\pril 10, 183.5 40\\nSection 16.\\nSchool Lands.\\nSection 17.\\nThomas McKinney, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829.. 80\\nJames Dickson, Cass County, Mich., May 31, 1830 80\\nMichael J. McKinney, Cass County, Mich, May 31, 1830 HO\\n.lohn Jones, Niagara County, N. Y., Sept. 24, 1830 80\\nHenry Dewey, Union County, Ind., Oct. 16, 1830 80\\nWilliam Garwood, Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 29, 1830 80\\nMartin C. Whitman, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 12, 1831 80\\nKrastus H. Spalding, ass County, Mich., June 15, 1835 80\\nSection 18.\\nJohn Simpson, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 80\\nJohn Simpson, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 18. 1830 82\\nThomas Simpson, June 18, 1829 80\\nThomas Simpson, May 11, 1830 80\\nElias Simpson, Jan. 29, 1831 80\\nLawrence Kavanaugh, April 22, 1830 80\\nMartin C. Whitman, May 29, 1830 80\\nAlexander H. Redfield, Dec. 12, 1835 82\\nSection 19.\\nThomas Simpson, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 22, 1830 83\\nJames Kavanaugh, Cass County, Mich., May 26, 1832 80\\nGamaliel Townsend, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 16, 1835 160\\nGamaliel Townsend, Cass County, Mich., March 30, 1836 80\\nThompson Simpson, Cass County. Mich.. Nov. 17, 1836 120\\nJonathan Prater, Cass County, Mich., iMay 14, 18J6 40\\nDavid Hain, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 17, 1837 85\\nSection 20.\\nAbram Loux, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 80\\nLyman T. Earl, Niagara County, N. Y., June 19, 1830 80\\nJames Dickson, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 16, 18S0 80\\nThomas McKinney, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 20, 1831 80\\nDavid Brady, Cass County, Mich June 7, 1831 80\\nMica,iah B. McKinney, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 5, 1832 40\\nMary DeWolf, Casa County, Mich.. Sept. 19, 1833 40\\nMichael J. McKinney, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 28, 1836 40\\nGamaliel Townsend, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 12, 1836 40\\nGamaliel Townsend, Dec. 13, 1836 80\\nSection 21.\\nAbram Townsend, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 160\\nDennis Wright, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 80\\nDavid Brady, Marion County, Ohio, July 7, 1829 80\\nDavid Brady, Marion County, Ohio, Dec. 22, 1829 80\\nDavid Brady, Marion County, Ohio, Oct. 29, 1830 80\\nNathan B. Nichols, Cuyahoga (bounty, Ohio, Sept. 3, 1829 80\\nRobert Wilson, Cass County. Mich., June 3, 18.30 80\\nSf;cTioN 22.\\nJohn Ritter, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 160\\nJohn Ritter, Lenawee County, Mich., Aug 14,1829 HO\\nJohn Lybrook, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 160\\nHenry Lybrook, Lenawee County, .Mich., July 13, 1829 80\\nShurte Putman, Cass County, Mich., March 11, 1830 80\\nRobert Wilson, Cass County, Mich., June 8, 1880 80\\nSection 23.\\nDavid Brady, ass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1834 40\\nHenry Lybrook, Cass County, Mich., May 11, 1830 80\\nHenry Lybrook. Cass County, Mich., Nov. 3, 1831 160\\nSally Ritter, Cass County, Mich., May 31, 1830 80\\nDavid McCIeary, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 18, 1830 160\\nWilliam McCIeary, Cass (!ounty, Mich., June 18, 1831 -80\\nElizabeth Thomas, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 28, 1835 40\\nLevi Godfrey, Cass t^ounty, Mich., April 15, 1835 40\\nSection 24.\\nGeorge Jones, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 19, 1832 80\\nWilliam Tarbox, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 31, 1832 40\\nAmanda, Rebecca, Robert, Harmon and Eveline Painter,\\nHolmes County, Ohio, Oct. 15, 1832 40\\nHenry Hass. Cass County, Mich., Oct. 29, 1832 40\\nHenry Hass, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 7, 1834 120\\nHenry Hass, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1836 40\\nHannibal G. Rice, Genesee (bounty, N. Y., July 23, 1833 160\\nHenry Jones, Cass Jounty, Mich., Jan. 4, 1836 80\\nSection 25.\\nRobert Clark, Jr., St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 1, 1831 160\\nOliver Johnson, Monroe County, Mich., Jan. 1, 1831..- 160\\nC. H. Hass, Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 23, 1831 240\\nIsaac Thompson, Cass County, Ohio, Aug. 15, 1832 80\\nSection 26.\\nAbram V. Tietsorl, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 18, 1830 80\\nHenry P. Voorhees, Montgomery County, N. Y., June 29,\\n1835 160\\nA. H. Redfield and E. B. Sherman, Cass County, Mich., Sept.\\n22, 1831 80\\nJohn Jewell, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 26, 18?1 160\\nGarrett Waldren, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 11, 1831 80\\nEdwards Walton, Cass County, Mich., Oct 21, 1831 80\\nSection 27.\\nAbram Tietsort, Cass County, Mich., May 11, 1830 80\\nAbram Tietsorl, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 1, 1831 80\\nThomas Vanderhoof, Cass County, Mich.. July 1, 1830 80\\nThomas Vanderhoof, Cass I ounty, Mich., June 7, 1831........ 80\\nJohn Fluallen, Cass County, Mich., May 16, 1833 80\\nDarius Clark, Montgomery ounty, N. Y., June 29, 1835 240\\nSection 28.\\nRobert Wilson, Franklin County, Ohio, June 18, 1829 240\\nRobert Wilson, Cass County, Mich., June 3, 1830 80\\nRobert Wilson, Lass (bounty, .Mich., Sept. 27, 1832 40\\nJason R. Coats, Nov. 26, 1831 80\\nJohn Gowthrop, Dec. 10, 1832 40\\nJohn Gowthrop, Dec. 12, 1833 40\\nJohn Fluallen, May 16, 1833 80\\nChester Stevens, Dec. 12, 1833 40\\nSection 29.\\nAbram Huff, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 16, 1830 80\\nA. and C. Huff, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 11, 1831 80\\nJ. V. and I. A. Huff, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 11, 1831 80\\nJason R. Coats, Cass County, Mich Nov. 28, 1831 80\\nAbram H. Tietsort, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 17, 1832 40\\nJohn Fluallen, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 20, 1832 40\\nJohn Gawthrop, Cass County, Mich., May 22, 1833 80\\nEber Root, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1834 40\\nThomas Vanderhoof, Cass County, Mich., April 6, 1834 40\\nThomas Vanderhoof, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 27, 1835 40", "height": "3273", "width": "2211", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0327.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSection 30.\\nJames Petticrew, Cass County, Mich., July 7, 1830 80\\nJames Petticrew, Cass County, Mich., June 24, 1831 80\\nJames Petticrew, Cass County, Mich., March 3, 1832 80\\nJonathan Prater, ass County, Mich., Jan. 29, 1831 80\\nThomas Ware, Butler County, Ohio, Oct. 13, 1831 80\\nRobert Faries, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 7, 1832 89\\nAzial Smith, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 24, 1835 40\\nTitus Husted, Otsego County, N. Y., Oct. 29, 1836 40\\nElizabeth Lowe, (^ass County, Mich., Feb. 15, 1836 87\\nSection 31.\\nJohn Hain, Clark County, Ohio, April 21, 1834 40\\nJohn Hain, Claris County, Ohio, Nov. 1, 18.30 90\\nMargaret Petticrew, Cass County, Mich June 7, 1831 80\\nJoseph .McPherson, Cass County, Mich., July 4, 1831 100\\nJonathan W. Roberson, Butler County, Ohio, Oct. 13, 1831... 80\\nDavid Hain, f .ass County, Mich., Feb. 2, 1833 40\\nElizabeth Lowe, Cass County, Sept. 27, 1833 40\\nRobert Nixon, Cass County, Mich., Not. 24, 1835 131\\nSection 32.\\nJohn Lybrook, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 6, 1830 80\\nFrederick Rickert, Cass County, Mich., March 24, 1832 80\\nAbram Loux, Cass County, Mich., March 24. 1832 160\\nEli P. Bonnel, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 17, 1832 80\\nLevi Tietsort, Cass County, Mich., May 20, 1833 40\\nSylvanus Loux Cass County, Mich., Feb. 6, 1834 80\\nIsaac Shurtc, Cass County, Mich., March 1, 1834 40\\nWilliam Arrison, Cass County, Mich., July 19, 1834 40\\nSection 33.\\nGamaliel Tosr\u00c2\u00bbgend, Cass County, Mich., July 12, 183] 80\\nJohn Gawthrop, Cass County, Mich., May 22, 1833 80\\nLevi Tietsort, Cass County, Mich., June 1, 1833 40\\nIra B. Henderson, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1833 40\\nThomas W. Sherman, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 13, 1834 40\\nCorrell Messenger. Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31, 1834 40\\nWilliam B. Shurte, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1834 120\\nIsaac Sears, Cass County, Mich., June 17, 1835 120\\nElias B. Sherman, Cass County, Mich., July 15, 1836 40\\nSection 34.\\nDavid Vanhouter, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31, 1834 40\\nJohn Vandeventer, St. Joseph County, Mich., June 17, 1835, 320\\nIsaac Sears, Erie County, Penn., June 17, 1835 280\\nSection 35.\\nAbram Tietsort, Cass County, Mich., July 7, 1830 78\\nDavid T. Nicholson, Cass (bounty, Jan. 1, 1881 112\\nChester Stevens, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 24, 1834 66\\nOliver Johnson, Monroe County, Mich., June 8, 1835 76\\nNehemiah Case, Erie County, N. Y., June 13, 1836 119\\nSection 36.\\nHenry H. Fowler, (lass County, Mich., May 19, 1830 65\\nEphraim McCleary, (Jass County, Mich., Oct. 14, 1830 160\\nHiram Jewell, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 16, 1830 80\\nE. Thomas, Jr., and Thomas Clark, .Monroe County, Mich.,\\n.Ian. 1, 1831 80\\nE. Thomas, Jr., and Thomas Clark, Monroe County, Mich.,\\nJan. 1, 1831 48\\nJohn HuiT, Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 28, 1831 80\\nFollowing are the principal officers of the township,\\nSupervisors, Clerks and Treasurers, elected up to 1880:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1830, Joseph S. Barnard 1831-33, James Kava-\\nnaugh 1834, Jesse Palmer; 1835, John Fluallen\\n1836, Jesse G. Beeson 1887-38, John Fluallen\\n1839-41, County Commissioners; 1842, Elias B.\\nSherman 1843-46, Eli P. Bonnell 1847, George\\nB. Turner 1848-49, Henry Tietsort, Jr. 1850,\\nSimeon E. Dow 1851-52, Henry Tietsort, Jr.\\n1853-54, Daniel S. Jones; 1855, C. B. Tietsort;\\n1856, Henry Walton; 1857, William G. Wiley;\\n1858-60, Daniel S. Jones; 1861, William R.\\nFletcher; 1862-66, Daniel S. Jones 1867, William\\nT. Tinney 1868, Daniel S. Jones 1869, L. H.\\nGlover 1870, Abram Fiero 1871-73, Daniel S.\\nJones; 1874-78, Robert Wiley; 1879, Daniel S.\\nJones 1880-81, Robert H. Wiley.\\n1830, Martin C. Whitman 1831, Samuel Wilson;\\n1832, James Harvey Cornelius Smith 1833, M. J.\\nMcKenney; 1834-38, William Arrison; 1839, Ben-\\njamin Gould; 1840, T. Barnum; 1841, Benjamin\\nGould 1842-45, no record of election; 1846, David\\nHisted; 1847-50, Daniel S. Jones; 1851, D. S.\\nKingsbury; 1852, Daniel S. Jones; 1853, F. A.\\nGraves; 1854-64, Charles G. Banks; 1865-68,\\nLowell H. Glover; 1869, Eber Reynolds; 1870, E.\\nC. Deyo 1871-73, Eber Reynolds 1874, Henry J.\\nWebb; 1875-77, Charles G. Banks; 1878-81,\\nWilliam Jones.\\nTREASURERS.*\\n1830-33, Eli P. Bonnell; 1834, J. B. Wade;\\n1835, Thomas W. Sherman 1836-45, no record of\\nelection 1846, Levi Tietsort 1847-54, Elias Simp-\\nson 1855, Edward Graham 1856-57, Elias Simp-\\nson 1858-60, S. S. Chapman 1861, A. Tietsort\\n1862, Edward Graham 1863-64, A. Tietsort; 1865,\\nByron Bradley; 1866-68, Joseph Graham; 1869,\\nJosiah Hathaway; 1870-74, Isaac Wells; 1875-76,\\nA. Tietsort 1877-78, George B. Crawford 1879,\\nWilliam H. Hain 1880, Rodney R. Perkins 1881,\\nGeorge B. Crawford.\\nBAPTIST CHURCH AT OAK GROVE.\\nIn answer to the query What s in a name? it\\nmay be said there is sometimes a great deal, as for\\ninstance in the original appellation of this church, which\\nin full was The Old School Regular Primitive\\nBaptist Church of La Grange by the name of Con-\\ncord.\\nOriginally the office was designated aa that of Collector.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0328.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "y", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0329.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0330.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n237\\nThis was one of the early religious organizations\\nof the township and came into existence in 1843. It\\nwas formed by Elder William Jackson at a meeting\\nheld at the house of Yorkeley Griffin, February 25.\\nThe original members, Johnathan VV. Roberson,\\nRachel Roberson, Mary GriflSn, Sally Huflf and\\nSusan Ball. At a meeting held March 18, 1843,\\nYorkely Griffin and Solomon Dewey and wife were\\nreceived as members, and subsequently, at various\\ntimes, the following persons, viz. Obediah Potter,\\nDorothy Ann Potter, Stephen B. Clark, Elizabeth\\nClark, Joshua Howell, Christiana Howell, Johnson\\nPatrick, Peter Hess, Julia Hess, Rebecca Hess,\\nWilliam Jackson, Mary Jackson, Thomas B. Huff.\\nRev. William Jackson was the first and only\\npreacher of the church Stephen Clark, and, after\\nhim. Peter Hess and Thomas B. Huff were Church\\nClerks. The church held some peculiar doctrinal\\nviews and odd rules of discipline. It never had a\\nlarge membership, and yet the organization was kept\\nup and was in (juite a flourishing condition until\\n185(3. After that, the life of the church was spas-\\nmodic, and there is no mention of its meetings in the\\nold record book later than 1863. The early meetings\\nwere held at Yorkeley Griffin s, at Solomon Dewey s,\\nat the schoolhouse in District No. 5, and occasionally\\nat Joshua Howell s in Cassopolis. In 1848, the first\\nsteps were taken toward the purchase of a suitable\\nsite and the erection of a church building. A lot was\\nbought on the corner diagonally opposite the Oak\\nGrove Schoolhouse, and a house of worship erected\\nwhich still stands there and serves the Christian\\nChurch as a meeting-place.\\nJuly 26, 1881, Elder William Jackson relinquished\\nin favor of the Christian Church all of his claim upon\\nthe property, and it passed from his hands into the\\npossession of the organization named. Several con-\\nditions were stipulated that the church should be open\\nto all ministers of good standing in the Baptist\\nChurch open to people of all denominations for the\\nholding of funerals that the Christian Church\\nshould hold regular services in the building that\\nthey should paint it, keep it in good repair, etc.\\nBAPTIST CHURCH AT WHITMAN VILLK.\\nAbout the time that Martin C. Whitman laid out\\nthe village which bore his name (now La Grange), a\\nBaptist Church was organized, and he donated a lot\\non which the society, or a few individuals, erected a\\nsmall house of worship. The church had a feeble begin-\\nning, never obtained much strength, and after the lapse\\nof a few years became defunct. The edifice which\\nthe society erected rotted down, or became so out of\\nrepair that it was removed. There were not a suffi-\\ncient number of Baptists in the village or its vicinity\\nto maintain either society or building. The lines of\\nthe old hymn,\\nExcept lUe Lord doth build the house\\nTho builder.H build in vain,\\nand the other lines, improvised on a certain occasion,\\nby Pierpont Edwards,\\nAnd except the Lord doth finish it\\nTwill tumble down again.\\napply very appropriately to this old church of Whit-\\nman ville.\\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF LA GRANGE.\\nThis church was organized on the 10th of Novem-\\nber, 1858, at the house of Charles Van Riper, in the\\nvillage of La Grange, by the Rev. E. H. Day. The\\nfirst Trustees were Charles Van Riper, John A. Van\\nRiper, Washburn Benedict, Abram Van Riper, Jacob\\nZimmerman, John S. Secor, Joshua Lofland and\\nJoseph W. Sturr. The Rev. E. H. Day was the first\\npastor. The society erected soon after its organiza-\\ntion a comfortable and neat house of worship, which\\nstill serves the church as a meeting-place.\\nCEMETERIES.\\nThe burials, as has been said, were made in the little\\ncemetery set off by Isaac Shurte from his farm soon\\nafter the settlement was begun.\\nAnother burial-place was laid off in the southwest\\nportion of the township, on the Jefferson line, by\\nJoseph McPherson. It was intended as a private\\nburying-ground, and interments were made there by\\npermission until Mr. McPherson removed from the\\ntownship, when he deeded the land to the Board of\\nHealth of La Grange. The first person buried here\\nwas John F. Petticrew, a Revolutionary soldier, who\\ndied in 1837.\\nOther than these two burial-places there are none\\nin the township, except those of Dowagiac, Cassopolis\\nand La Grange.\\nEARLY MANUFACTURING.\\nThe saw-mill built by Job Davis in 1829, which\\nwas undoubtedly the scene of the first introduction of\\nmechanical industry in the township, has already been\\nspoken of.\\nHenry Jones and Hardy Langston built another\\nsaw- mill in 1830, upon the outlet of Jones Lake, in\\nthe northeast part of the township. Jones soon be-\\ncame the sole owner, and put in carding machinery,\\nwhich he operated until the Van Ripers opened their\\nj mill in La Grange Village. The same mill is now\\n1 ran (in connection with a furniture manufactory) by\\nDaniel S. Jones.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0331.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe next effort in the manufacturing line must be\\ncredited to William Renesten. He located in 1830,\\non the Dowagiac Creek, on the north line of the town-\\nship, and near the present western limits of Dowagiac\\nCity, and built there, the same year, a woolen mill,\\nthe machinery for which he brought from Southern\\nIndiana on wagons. Three years later, he built a\\ngrist-mill at the same place, the iron work for which\\nhe had made in Cincinnati, while the stones were\\nquarried and dressed in Elkhart, Ind. In 1834, he\\nsold the property to Erastus H. Spalding. Mr. Spald-\\ning bought the property for his brother, Lyman A.\\nSpalding, and Jonathan Thorne, of New York. The\\nproperty subsequently passed into the possession of\\nMr. Thorne, and Joseph Harper, as his agent, sold it\\nto Erastus H. Spalding, who built a new mill the\\none now standing which was a great improvement\\nupon the old one. He ran the mill until 1868, when\\nhe sold out to the present owner, H. F. Colby, who\\nmade material improvements in it.\\nEli P. Bonnell engaged in the manufacture of the\\nsimpler forms of pottery in 1881, the shop in which\\nhe began being located upon the farm north of that\\non which Stephen D. Wright now resides. He sub-\\nsequently removed his pottery to a point three miles\\nwest of Cassopolis, and there continued the business\\nfor a number of years.\\nThese are all of the manufacturing industries, either\\nearly or late, of any importance, except those in La\\nGrange Village and Cassopolis.\\nFISH HATCHERY.\\nIn 1877, Dr. Alonzo Garwood began the propaga-\\ntion of brook trout on his farm, two miles north of\\nCassopolis, where there are abundant springs of clear,\\ncold water, such as these aristocrats of the finny tribes\\ndelight to desport themselves in. He stocked one\\nsmall pond with young trout, and the experiment\\nproving successful, added to his facilities for growing\\nthem from time to time, until at present he has a\\nvery fine fish farm, in which he takes a great\\namount of pleasure. He has now five ponds artificially\\nformed, and a hatching house, provided with appliances\\nby which 100,000 eggs may be developed into fish at\\none time.\\nOf late the Doctor has procured a few German\\ncarp, which are thriving as well as the trout, but\\nhis attention has been principally devoted to the\\npropagation of the latter variety offish. He has now\\nin one pond upward of a thousand of the speckled\\nbeauties, some of which those four years old weigh\\na pound and a half. Dr. Garwood thinks that his\\nsuccessful propagation of trout in La Grange and the\\nfailure of the State hatchery at Pokagon may be at-\\ntributed almost entirely to the superiority of the water\\nupon his farm over that upon the Dowagiac Creek.\\nTHE VILLAGE OF WHITMANVILLE.\\nWhitmanville was laid out by Martin C. Whitman,\\nin 1834, the village plat being recorded on the 4th of\\nAugust. It was described as being in the northern\\nhalf of the east half of the northwest quarter of Sec-\\ntion 15, and consisted originally of four blocks and\\neighty lots. Lot 65 was reserved for the Baptist\\nChurch Lots 3 to 37 were promised to Joseph Sker-\\nritt Lot 5, to Jesse Palmer Lot 6, to Jared Palmer\\nLot 7, to J. J. Draper Lot 8, to Luther Whitman\\nLots 11 and 12, to J. B. Wade Lots 13 and 14, to\\nLevi Godfrey and Lots 24 and 38 to Stephen\\nPeck.\\nA village plat, which was called La Grange, was\\nlaid out in the southwest quarter of Section 10, by\\nErastus H. Spalding, in April, 1836, the surveying\\nbeing done by John Woolman. It was really an\\naddition to Whitmanville. Martin C. Whitman laid\\nout an addition to La Grange in July, 1836, and in\\nSeptember of the same year made an addition to\\nWhitmanville, which included a provision reserving\\nland for a burying-ground.\\nThe village was commonly known as Whitmanville\\nuntil its name was changed to La Grange by act of\\nthe Legislature of February 12, 1838.\\nA saw-mill stood on the site of the town, which had\\nbeen built in 1829, by Job Davis, and which was\\nbought by Mr. Whitman in 1831. This gentleman\\nrecognizing the value of the water-power, probably\\nconceived at that time the project of building up a\\nlarge manufacturing business and a village. In 1832,\\nhe erected a grist-mill, which he operated for a term\\nof years, and then sold to Goddard Wells, who, in\\nturn, were succeeded by Erastus H. Spalding. East-\\nern capitalists, who held a mortgage on the property,\\ncame into its possession through the failure of Mr.\\nSpalding, and sold it to Perry, Root Co. Soon\\nafter this transfer, the mill was burned, and there was\\nno further manufacturing of importance in the village\\nuntil the Van Ripers purchased the land and the\\nwater-power, in 1856, and not only rebuilt the mill,\\nbut instituted various other industrial enterprises.\\nThe new mill was built by Abram Van Riper, and his\\nsons Charles and Garry. It subsequently passed\\ninto the hands of the father alone, and was by him\\nsold, about 1867, to its present owner, H. F. Colby,\\nof Dowagiac.\\nThe woolen-millestablished by the Van Ripers was\\nmore especially the enterprise of John A., but was\\nsome time afterward owned by Garry and J. J. Van\\nRiper. Afterward, a stock company, of which Daniel\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0332.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "^^^f.^: ^r", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0333.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0334.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nLyle, of Dowagiac, was President, bought the mill,\\nand operated it until 1876, when it was bought by\\nWilliam Pickett, of Chicago. In 1878, a stock\\ncompany was formed, with $50,000 capital, of which\\nW. S. George, of Lansing, was President, under the\\ntitle of the La Grange Knitting Mills Company.\\nThe weaving machinery was taken out, knitting\\nmachinery of an improved kind put in, and the com-\\npany has since carried on a large business in the\\nmanufacture of underwear.\\nBasket-making is now carried on by William Van\\nRiper, and has been since 1868. In that year, he put\\nhis machinery into a building which had been built\\nfor a distillery by a Mr. Wilson, and subsequently\\noccupied by Perry, Root Co. A small foundry is\\nalso in operation.\\nOne of the earliest industries carried on in La\\nGrange, or Whitmanville as it was then called, was\\nthe manufacture of furniture, begun in 1836, by\\nHervey Bigelow, and continued until 1851, when he\\nremoved to Dowagiac.\\nThe village was for a number of years in a very\\nthriving condition, and its founder indulged for a time\\nthe aspiration that it might be made the seat of justice\\nof the county. As late as 1836-37, there were four\\nlarge stores in the place. From various causes, how-\\never, the village declined. Chief among the disad-\\nvantages was, perhaps, that of unhealthiness. The\\nlarge shallow pond, extending over several hundred\\nacres of land the set-back caused by damning up\\nthe Dowagiac Creek to secure water-power has un-\\nquestionably been a sourse of much sickness. Many\\nof the inhabitants, loo, were led to cast their fortunes\\nwith other villages in the county as they obtained\\nrailroad advantages. La Grange has now a popula-\\ntion of about one hundred and twenty.\\nMECHANICSBCJRG.\\nA village was platted in the spring of 1837, by\\nJohn F. Petticrew, which he gave the name of\\nMechanicsburg. It consisted of sixteen lots, and was\\nsituated four miles and a half directly west of the\\ncourt house in Cassopolis, on the north side of the\\nroad, in Section 30, where now stands a district\\nschoolhouse. There now remains no mark to indicate\\nthat a village was laid out at this place, and in fact\\nMechanicsburg never passed very far beyond the em-\\nbryotic stage of existence. Two or three buildings\\nonly were erected. Henry Roof kept a store for a\\nshort time, and John Kinzie proposed to engage in\\nbusiness and began the erection of a building, but\\nnever finished it. A .small tannery was established\\nby John F. Petticrew, and carried on for a few years,\\nsubsequent to the year 1840.\\nHOMER WELLS.\\nHomer Wells, son of Worden and Julia (Baker)\\nWells, was born in Hartwick, Otsego Co., N. Y.,\\nDecember 12, 1830. The parents were natives of\\nRhode Island, and reared a family of nine children,\\nsix boys and three girls. The elder Wells was a sad-\\nler and harness-maker in early life, but became an\\nextensive manufacturer of lasts and boot trees. He\\nwas a man of much force of character and decided\\nopinions. He was an ultra abolutionist in the early\\ndays of anti-slavery agitation, and although a stanch\\nWhig, he did not vote for Henry Clay for the Presi-\\ndency for the reason that he was a slaveholder. He\\nemigrated to Michigan with his family in 1836,\\nand settled in the town of Charleston, Kalamazoo\\nCounty, where he still resides. Homer received\\nsuch opportunities for education as were afforded\\nby the district school of those days. At the age\\nof thirteen, he met with that irreparable loss,\\nthe death of his mother, by which event he was\\nthrown upon his own resources. In 1849, he\\ncame to Cass County, being at the time nineteen\\nyears of age for two years he resided in Silver\\nCreek, where he was engaged in farming. In 1852,\\nhe went to California, where he remained until\\n1854, when he returned and purchased a farm in\\nWayne, where he resided until 1866, when he moved\\nto the farm he now owns in La Grange Township.\\nIn February, 1855, he was married to Miss Laura A.,\\ndaughter of A. H. Reed, of Wayne she died in\\nMarch, 1858, and in December of that year, he was\\nagain married to Miss Fanny Beverstock. She was\\nborn in Vermont, March 20, 1829.\\nMr. Wells is a man to whom the latin phrase,\\nFaber sure fortimce is eminently applicable, starting\\nin life with only his natural resources for his capital,\\nhe has secured a competency, and is prominent among\\nthe representative farmers of the county. He has\\nidentified himself largely with its best interests, and\\nhas occupied many positions of trust. We present on\\nanother page a view of his home in connection with\\nportraits of himself and wife.\\nSTEPHEN I) WRIGHT.\\nStephen D. Wright was born in Butler County,\\nOhio, in a little hamlet called Miltonville, April 4,\\n1816. He~ was the son of William R. and Sarah\\nWright; both were natives of New Jersey, where the\\nformer was born in March, of 1775, the latter in May,\\nof 1877, they were prominent among the pioneers of\\nLa Grange Township, where they settled in 1828.\\nWilliam was a lad of twelve years at the time of\\nfamily s emigration to Michigan, and is a pioneer in", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0335.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "240\\nHISTORY OF GASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthe strictest sense of the term. He has witnessed\\nthe transition of a wilderness to a fertile and produc-\\ntive region of a thin settlement to a busy and pros-\\nperous community and in his own person typifies many\\nof the agencies that have wrought these changes.\\nHis life has been comparatively uneventful and\\nmarked but by few changes, save such as occur in the\\nlives of most people. His life has been devoted to\\nagricultural pursuits, in which he has been successful.\\nHis home, a view of which is presented on another\\npage, is the result of his own industry, and attests his\\nthrift and enterprise. He has been three times\\nmarried first, to Miss Clarissa Wheeler, in 1842,\\nwho died the same year. His second marriage was to\\nMartha Wheeler, in 1854. She died in 1856, and in\\n1858 he was married to Miss Louisa S., daughter of\\nJackson Mosher, By his second marriage there was\\none child which reached maturity William, deceased;\\nby the third two Clara A. and Charles E. Mr.\\nWright is now in his sixty-sixth year, well preserved\\nand enjoying the reward of a well-spent life. The\\nelder Wright died in 1850, aged seventy-five years.\\nHis wife lived to the remarkable age of ninety years.\\nORLE.VX PITXAM.\\nVery few of the pioneers of Michigan have passed\\nthrough more varied or romantic lives than that which\\nlies behind Orlean Putnam, of La Grange Township,\\nand the day is fast approaching when such experiences\\nas his will be forever impossible in the whole length\\nand breadth of the land.\\nOrlean Putnam, son of Uzziel and Mary (Trask)\\nPutnam, was born in the town of Adams, Jefferson\\nCounty, N. Y., May 7, 1808. When he was perhaps\\nthree years old the family moved to the then distant\\nWest, almost to the farthest confines of civilization\\nto what was then Huron, but now Erie County, Ohio.\\nThey came on the lake to Detroit, and stopped there\\nseveral months before locating in Northern Ohio, and\\nthis circumstance, as it afterward transpired, was a\\nvery fortuitous one for the child, Orlean. The pio-\\nneers were soon disturbed by the breaking-out of the\\nwar of 1812, and the feeling of safety they had\\nenjoyed in their new home was destroyed, a vague\\nfear taking its place, which assumed more definite\\nshape as they thought of the employment of Indians\\nin the strife, and the opportunity that would be\\noflFered them for the commission of atrocities. As\\ntime passed on, however, and the war progressed\\nwithout bringing danger into their immediate neigh-\\nborhood, the inhabitants of the sparsely settled region\\nthrew off the slight restraint they had subjected them-\\nselves to and fell into tnat careless, fearless mode of\\nlife, which has rendered so many of the early settlers\\nof the West victims of their savage enemy. Men\\nwent to their work of hewing farms out of the forest\\nor tilling their crops, their wives spun flax and wove\\nand toiled alone in the cabins, or occasionally visited\\neach other that they might enjoy companionship as\\nthey carried on their rude domestic industry, and the\\nchildren played in the little clearings about the doors\\nof the houses, or wandered in the woods beyond.\\nBut danger was present when they dreaded it not.\\nOne pleasant, peaceful day in the summer of 1813,\\nthe 20th of June, Mrs. Putnam went half a mile\\nthrough the woods to the cabin of one of the neigh-\\nbors, the Snow family, to spin some yarn, taking with\\nher the boy Orlean and two other children. A Mrs.\\nButler had also gone there to visit, accompanied by\\nher three children. A young woman, Hannah Page,\\nwho lived with the Snow family, was in the cabin, as\\nwere also two daughters of Mrs. Snow girls just\\nentering womanhood. Two boys of this family, one\\nsix years old the other three, were playing with the\\nvisiting children in some underbrush near the cabin.\\nMr. Snow and Mr. Putnam were some distance away,\\nengaged at work. The only person near the cabin to\\nwhom the women and children could look for defense\\nin the event of an attack, was a young man named\\nHenry Grass, an employe of Mr. Butler s, who was,\\non this particular afternoon, engaged in putting some\\nhides to soak in a little pond. Suddenly the children\\nat their play were startled by the appearance of strange\\nforms which emerged from the leafy coverts. A band of\\nhostile Indians had come upon them, and the children,\\nwho had been taught to fear them, scattered and fled\\nas young partridges do when scared. The flight of the\\nlittle ones was, of course, useless. They were very\\nquickly overtaken and led away through the woods\\nby their captors, while others of the marauding party\\nrushed into the cabin and made the frightened women\\nprisoners, and caught the young man, Henry Grass.\\nIn all, there were thirteen persons captured. Two\\nof the children of the Snow and Butler families, were\\nkilled as soon as the party had crossed the creek, a\\nfew rods away from where they were captured, the\\nIndians, after tomahawking and scalping them, dash-\\ning their brains out against a tree. Resuming their\\nway, the other party having in charge the women and\\nyoung Grass, was soon met. Mrs. Snow recognized\\nthe scalp of her little boy hanging at the belt of his\\nmurderer. Her agony was soon over, for annoyed by\\nher wailings and lamentations, one of the Indians dis-\\npatched her with a stroke of his tomahawk. The\\nnext victim was a little daughter of Mrs. Butler.\\nFour bleeding, disfigured bodies were now left along\\nthe path of the retreating savages. A tomahawk was\\nraised to brain the boy Orlean, and in an instant", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0336.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "j^l^ .i:\\nIk\\nf l", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0337.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0338.jp2"}, "339": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\n241\\nwould have fallen, but the chief of the band for whom\\nthe others seemed to have a great respect, interposed\\nand saved his life. Me save him me make him\\nchief, said the warrior, and swinging the little fellow\\non his shoulder, he tramped on, giving orders that no\\nmore of the prisoners should be slain. In spite of this\\ncommand, however, another child, the remaining\\nButler boy, aged six years, was killed, a few minutes\\nlater making the fifth victim. The life of Henry\\nGrass was spared undoubtedly that he might carry\\nthe surviving Snow boy. The place where the\\ncapture was made was on Cold Creek, about three\\nmiles from Sandusky Bay, toward which the In-\\ndians, with their eight prisoners, rapidly made\\ntheir retreat. The party embarked in birch canoes,\\nand made their way across the narrow body of water\\nto a peninsula. Traversing this at a point where it\\nwas not over three quarters of a mile wide, and drag-\\nging their canoes, the party soon reached the shore of\\nthe open lake. Here the Indians were much alarmed\\nat finding numerous foot-prints along the beach, and\\nhalting, sent out scouts to ascertain if there were\\nwhite people near at hand, in the mean time keeping\\nthe pioneers huddled together and covered with blan-\\nkets, for the purpose, as they supposed, of more\\nreadily taking their lives, should they find an enemy\\nin the vicinity before whom they would be compelled\\nmake an unimpeded flight. The spies returned with\\naccounts which seemed to ally any fear that might\\nhave existed, and after raising a large dug-out, which\\nhad been filled with sand and sunk in the lake, the\\nIndians and their captives embarked and proceeded\\ntoward Detroit. They stopped at Maiden and at\\nBrownstown, and at the latter settlement, Mrs. Put-\\nnam was placed in the family of a half-breed French\\ntrader, known as Ironsides. Orlean Putnam was\\ntaken by the chief, who had adopted him, to Detroit.\\nThis chief proved to be no other than the great Pon-\\ntiac who, in his time, wielded more power than any\\nother Indian in the West.\\nMr. Putnam remembers perfectly the tall, com-\\nmanding form of the celebrated warrior, although he\\nwas but five years old when in his custody, and he\\nhas a vivid recollection of the capture on Cold Creek,\\nOhio, and the horrible fate of his little companions.\\nAt Detroit, a Judge May, who had known the\\nPutnam family when they were in Detroit two or\\nthree years before, prior to settling in Ohio, recognized\\nOrlean, and interceded with Pontiac in his behalf,\\ntelling him that he must return the boy to his mother.\\nHe objected, saying that he was going to raise hira as\\na chief, but finally the nobler impulses of his nature\\ngot the better of him and he allowed his little prisoner\\nto be taken to Mrs. Putnam, who was still in the\\nfamily of the half-breed trader. Several times, how-\\never, when Pontiac was under the influence of liquor\\nhe would demand the return of the boy. At length\\nhe entirely surrendered his claim in consideration of\\nreceiving from Mr. Ironsides thirty quart bottles of\\nwhisky. Liquor was perhaps never put to better\\nuse than it subserved in this bargain and sale.\\nAfter remaining in Detroit about three months, the\\nIndian captives were all returned to iheir homes. Mrs.\\nPutnam and Mr. Snow, coming to meet them and\\nsecuring their passage down the lake on a schooner\\nsailed by Capt. Ramsdell. Mr. Putnam s joy on find-\\ning his wife and child safe and well was overwhelming.\\nThe boy wai generally known in the vicinity of his\\nhome by the nick-name of Pontiac, and retained it\\nuntil he grew up and emigrated to the farther west.\\nIn 1825, he first came to Michigan and spent the\\nwinter with his elder brother, Uzziel, the pioneer of\\nPokagon. The following summer, he worked for\\nWilliam Kirk near Niles, and in 1827 was employed\\nas one of a surveying party under charge of William\\nBrookfield, who was then engaged in laying South-\\nwestern Michigan oft into townships, as provided by\\nCongress. His position was what is known as rear\\nchainman. In this capacity, he traversed Cass County\\nwhile as yet there was no settlers within its limits ex-\\ncept a very few in the township of Pokagon. He\\nwas with the party when they discovered Young s\\nPrairie, in Penn Township, and the same season en-\\ncamped two weeks on the bank of Diamond Lake,\\nwhen the snow was so heavy as to make surveying\\nimpracticable. After following various lines of em-\\nployment, young Putnam, in 1832, again joined a\\nsurveying party which was engaged in running the\\nlines in the Grand River region. While they were\\nat the mouth of the river, their pack horses strayed\\naway one night, and news of the outbreak of the Sauk\\nwar having been received only a day or two before\\nfrom a vessel which stopped at the harbor, the men\\ncould not be induced to go in search of them, their\\nimaginations picturing the forest as swarming with\\nhostile Indians. Putnam and another at last under-\\ntook the job of finding the anim.als, being offered a\\ndollar a day extra remuneration for their services.\\nThey followed the Grand River up to the point where\\nGrand Rapids has since been built, and there in the\\nneighborhood of a great Pottawatomie village found\\ntheir horses and were assisted in catching them.\\nAfter returning from this trip, Mr. Putnam oft ered\\n(first having taken his chance in the draft and being\\ncleared) to go into the Sauk war as a substitute for a\\ndrafted man, named Godfrey, if he would furnish him\\na saddle horse. The off er was accepted by the sub-\\nstitute-searcher and Putnam served as a volunteer", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0339.jp2"}, "340": {"fulltext": "242\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nsoldier until he was discharged. Godfrey, however,\\nkept both the horse and the Government pay.\\nMr. Putnam was married April 15, 1834, to\\nAmelia, daughter of Thomas Vanderhoof, one of the\\nearliest pioneers of La Grange, and four or five years\\nlater he became a resident of the same township, lo-\\ncating west of his present home, and upon the north\\nside of the road. The farm on which he now resides\\nwas purchased in 1853. The married life of Mr.\\nand Mrs. Putnam extended over a period of more\\nthan forty-seven years, and terminated on the death\\nof his wife on the 5th of November, 1881. They\\nwere the parents of nine children, seven of whom are\\nliving and two deceased. Alvira, the first born, and\\nMary, the third child, are dead. Those living are\\nJulia Ann (the widow of John Reynolds), is in Dakota,\\nas is also Maribee (wife of Levi Hain) Susan (Mrs.\\nHenry G. Myers), is in Iowa Sarah (Mrs. Elias\\nJewell), in La Grange Township Charles, upon the\\nhome farm Eva, in Dowagiac, and Joseph W., in\\nDakota.\\nABRAM FIERO\\nThe progenitor of the Fiero family was Christian\\nFiero, who came from Holland about 1776, and set-\\ntled in Greene County, N. Y., where he resided until\\nhis decease, and where he was married to Miss Maria\\nMyers, by whom he reared a family of six children,\\nthree boys and three girls, Peter C, father of the\\nsubject of this sketch, being the second son. He was\\nborn in Greene County, N. Y., where he married Miss\\nHannah Post. Shortly after their marriage, they\\nremoved to the town of Gorhara, Ontario Co., N. Y\\nwhere Abram Fiero was born February 22, 1827. In\\n1832, the family removed to Sandusky County, Ohio,\\nwhere the elder Fiero resided until 1878, when he\\ncame to Branch County, Mich., where he died the\\nfollowing year. He was a man of more than ordinary\\nintelligence and ability, and highly esteemed for the\\npossession of many admirable traits of character. In\\n1880, his wife died, they having lived together for the\\nextraordinary period of sixty-two years. Abram re-\\nsided in Sandusky County until he was twenty-five\\nyears of age, when he came to La Grange Township\\nwith his family, which consisted of his wife and one\\nchild, John, who was born in Ohio. He purchased\\nthe farm now owned by Norman Jarvis, where he\\nresided until his removal to the farm he now owns, in\\n1855. Mr. Fiero has devoted his life to agricultural\\npursuits, in which he has been successful. His farm,\\na view of which we present on another page, is evi-\\ndence of thrift and prosperity. Although not a\\npioneer, Mr. Fiero has witnessed the larger part of\\nthe development of La Grange, and has identified\\nhimself with all its material interests. In his political\\naffiliations he was formerly a Republican, and a stanch\\nsupporter of Horace Greeley, whom he supported for\\nthe presidency. Since that time, he has not connected\\nhimself with any political organization. In 1869, he\\nrepresented La Grange upon the Board of Supervisors,\\nand while not wholly eschewing politics, he has never\\nbeen an office-seeker, preferring the cares of business\\nto the perplexities and annoyances of political strife.\\nOctober 4, 1849, Mr. Fiero was married to Miss\\nFanny, daughter of John Thorp, of Sandusky County,\\nOhio. She was born in Ontario County, N. Y., in\\n1824.\\nThey have reared a family of three sons John,\\nByron and William. Coming into the county in its\\nearly days of settlement, Mr. Fiero has watched the\\nprogress of improvement in the various branches of\\nindustry in the county a man of strong personal\\ncharacter, and ambitious in all business operations.\\nLiberal in his views, he is also liberal in his assist-\\nance in every enterprise looking to the building-up of\\ngood society, and the support of churches and schools.\\nHe has always taken a deep interest in the agricultural\\ninterests of the county, and was one of the founders\\nof the Dowagiac Union Fair Association.\\nSAMUEL FINLEY ANDERSON.\\nThe subject of this sketch, for many years a resident\\nof La Grange Township, was intimately identified with\\nthe affairs of Cassopolis, living where his widow still\\nresides, jn the suburbs of the village. He was born,\\nFebruary 19, 1803, in Ira, Rutland Co., Vt., and was\\na descendant of the Anderson family, of Londonderry,\\nN. H., Scotch-Irish, who emigrated to America at an\\nearly day, for the purpose of enjoying religion- liberty.\\nJohn Anderson, the father of the subject of this sketch,\\nwas a notable man, and served with honor in the\\nRevolutionary war. He was a member of the Vermont\\nLegislature for eleven terms. Samuel was the\\nyoungest son. About the time he came to maturity,\\nhe emigrated to Western New York, and cleared a\\nfarm of eighty acres. At the age of thirty-three,\\nbeing attacked by the Western fever, he made a tour\\nthrough Illinois, Indiana and Miciiigan. He located,\\nin 1835, just south. of Stone Lake, buying 200 acres\\nof land. In May, 1836, he married Mahala Phipps,\\nwho was born in Lee, Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1807,\\nthe descendant of a Puritan family, among whose an-\\ncestors was Sir William Phipps, Governor of Massa-\\nchusetts in colonial times. Soon after the young\\ncouple had become settled in their new home, Mr.\\nAnderson was instrumental in forming the first Meth-\\nodist Episcopal class in Cassopolis. In 1842, he took\\na leading part in the organization of the Presbyterian\\nChurch, and was elected to the office of Elder, which", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0340.jp2"}, "341": {"fulltext": "ip\\nisica riuijiiy-^\\n/l-IvSliS^J\\nRESIDENCE OF ASA KlNGSBUf^Y J R. LA GI^ANGE jvl ICH.\\nKESIDEMOE OF JA^1ES G.HAYDEN. LA GR/ NlGE fvl I CH-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0341.jp2"}, "342": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0342.jp2"}, "343": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CAS.S COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nhe held until his death. In the same year, he was\\nelected on the Democratic ticket as a member of the\\nState Legislature. He held the position of Associate\\nJudge in 1845 and 1846. Until the enactment of\\nthe fugitive slave law, he was a firm Democrat, but\\nthen joined the Free-Soil party. When the war broke\\nout, he was not capable of bearing arms, but two of\\nhis sons Albert P. and Thomas VV. Anderson went\\ninto the service. The first named lost his life in\\naction. Samuel F. Anderson, of whom this is a brief\\nand imperfect sketch, died at his home April 14,\\n1877, mourned by a very wide circle of friends.\\nCHARLES FIERO.\\nCharles Fiero, one of the early settlers and success-\\nful agriculturists of La Grange, was born in Catskill,\\nGreene Co., N. Y., January 13, 1820. He was the\\nson of Peter C. and Hannah (Post) Fiero. In 1822,\\nthe family removed to the town of Gorham, Ontario\\nCo., N. Y.. where they resided ten years. He was\\nreared to the life of a farmer, and received a good\\ncommon-school education, and when twenty-three\\nyears of age came to La Grange, then comparatively\\nundeveloped, and purchased a portion of the farm on\\nwhich he now resides. After a short stay, he returned\\nEast, where he remained until 1847, when he came\\nback and commenced the improvement of his farm.\\nIn November, 1850, he was married to Laura A., a\\ndaughter of Jonas Clark, of Washington County, Vt.,\\nwhere Mrs. Fiero was born, January 29, 1828. Her\\npeople were originally from Massachusetts. From\\nVermont they came to Sandusky County, Ohio, at\\nwhich place Mr. and Mrs. Fiero were married. They\\nhave two children Mary Francis, now Mrs. A. C.\\nHathaway, and Sarah A.\\nThe life of Mr. Fiero has been devoted solely to\\nagriculture, and his pleasant home and fine farm (a\\nview of which we present on another page) attest his\\nsuccess, and both he and Mrs. Fiero are enjoying the\\nresults of a long life of industry and economy.\\nWILLIAM H. SHANEFELT.\\nWilliam H. Shanefelt. son of William and Eliza-\\nbeth (Earnest) Shanefelt, who were among the first\\nsettlers of Cassopolis, was born near Circleville, Pick-\\naway County, Ohio, December 7, 1824. In 1835,\\nthe family came to Michigan, and first stopped in\\nCassopolis where they remained about a year when\\nhe removed to the farm now owned by his son Will-\\niam H. The elder Shanefelt was a potter by trade,\\nand he is also recollected by many as a local preacher.\\nHe died in his sixty-seventh year, his wife in her\\nfifty ninth. In 1847, William was married to Miss\\nSusan, daughter of David Bleacher, of La Grange.\\nShe was born in Pennsylvania, in June of 1828, and\\ncame to Michigan with her parents in 1845. After\\ntheir marriage they came to the place where they now\\nreside, which consisted of eighty acres of new land,\\nto which he has added 100 acres. His farm, a view\\nof which is given on another page, attests his thrift\\nand prosperity.\\nCHAPTER XXV J.\\nPENN.\\nWhy so Named\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Organization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Soil, Lakes and Watei-C ourses\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First\\nSettlements\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Narrow Escape of Daniel Mcintosh from Freezing\\nto Death\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Primitive (irist-Mill\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tragic Death of an Indian-\\nOriginal Land Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Stock Marks\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Vandalia\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious Organi.\\nzations Masonic Geneva, the Lost Village Early Roads\\nSchools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Assessment Roll of iRi Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical.\\nON the 4th of March, 1681, the celebrated Quaker,\\nWilliam Penn, received letters patent from\\nCharles II, to a certain tract of land now known as\\nthe State of Pennsylvania, and, in 1682, consummated\\nhis celebrated treaty with the Indian nation, which,\\nfor a period of forty if not fifty years, remained un-\\nbroken, and the land of Penn was thus preserved\\nduring all that time from the reeking scalping-knife\\nand deadly tomahawk of the wily savage.\\nThis great Apostle of Peace, who can appropri-\\nately be called the promulgator of his peculiar religious\\nbelief in this country, builded stronger than he knew,\\nand his descendants, ever noticeable for their adher-\\nence to the sterling principles of peace, integrity and\\nhonesty as enunciated by him, have ever been ready\\nto commemorate his memoi-y by naming localities after\\nhim, and it was this feeling of love and affection for\\nthe great exponent of their religious belief that caused\\nthe early settlers of the portion of the county of Cass,\\nof which we write, to name it Penn and, surely, no\\nname could have been selected which would more\\nnearly have typified the peaceful pastoral people who\\nhave ever since its formation been its inhabitants.\\nWhile other portions of the county have at divers\\ntimes been thrilled by horrid deeds, perpetrated by its\\ninhabitants, this township has been phenomenally free\\nfrom everything of the kind, and no descendant of\\nthat Biblical personage, Cain, has ever taken that\\nwhich he could not restore.\\nAs will appear farther on in the history, quite a\\nlarge percentage of the first settlers emigrated from\\nthe States of Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia and the\\nCarolinas, and what caused them to leave a warm, de-\\nlightful climate and seek the wilds of Michigan, more\\nthan any one thing else, was their utter abhorence of\\nthe system of human slavery.\\nUnrequited toil, with all the social degradation that", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0343.jp2"}, "344": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nit necessarily entailed, was so repugnant to the kindly\\nfeelings of the Quakers that a desire to go where they\\nwould not come in contact with those who practiced it,\\nand their subjects, was the primal cause which resulted\\nin so many of these estimable people settling in this\\ncounty.\\nBy an act of the Territorial Government, approved\\nNovember 5, 1829, we learn that all that part of\\nsaid, county (Cass) known as Townships 5, 6, and the\\nnorth half of Township?, in Ranges 13, U, west, and\\nthe county of Van Buren, and all the country lying\\nnorth of the same, which is attached to and comprises\\na part of the county of Cass, shall form a township by\\nthe name of Penn, and the first township meeting shall\\nbe held at the house of iMartin Shields in said town-\\nship. Thus the township, as first laid out, comprises\\nwhat is now Marcellus, Volinia, Newberg, the north\\nhalf of Porter, the north half of Calvin and Penn\\nTownship as now bounded. The portion of terri-\\ntory attached to Penn was from that time erected into\\nother townships until it now comprises that portion of\\nterritory embraced between Volinia on the north, Cal-\\nvin on the south, and Newberg and La Grange on the\\neast and west respectively, and includes 15,872 acres\\nof land, now embraced in farms.\\nAlthough an election was ordered in 1830, the rec-\\nords do not show that any was held until 1831, and\\nthe most careful inquiry among the oldest inhabitants,\\nand who were residents of the township at that time,\\nfails to elicit any information regarding one taking\\nplace at an earlier period, or that any one acted in any\\nofl5cial capacity whatever previous to that time.\\nAt the first election the following officers were duly\\nelected Supervisor, John Agard Assesors, Lewis\\nRinehart, Jonathan Gard Collector, Hardy Lang-\\nston Treasurer, Hardy Langston Clerk, Ira Nash\\nConstable, Lewis Rinehart School Inspectors, John\\nTownsend, John Agard, Thomas England, William\\nH. Brice, Jacob Rinehart Highway Commissioners,\\nSamuel Crosson, Jonathan Gard, Henry Jones.\\nCorporations, the same as individuals, cannot exist\\nwithout incurring expenses, and the first money raised\\nfor incidental expenses was $75, which in those early\\ndays was no doubt judiciously expended, as frugality\\nin public as well as private life was then noticeable.\\nThe boundaries of Penn Township were surveyed by\\nWilliam Brookfield in 1827, and the subdivisions by\\nCalvin Britain, D. S., who completed them July 22,\\n1828, and his description of the land in a majority\\nof cases was first-class. On the east the land is\\ngently undulating and hilly, and was originally cov-\\nered with thick woods, the soil being in a measure\\nsandy, while on the west it is more of a clayey loam,\\nthe center being, to a limited extent, occupied by a\\nprairie which has the dark alluvial soil found in most\\nof the prairies of this State.\\nElm, sugar (maple), beech, poplar, linden, oak and\\nwalnut timber was originally scattered over the town-\\nship, while pawpaw and spice bushes flourished amain\\nthese comprising the principal deciduous trees, tama-\\nrack only being found in limited quantities.\\nThe prairie, of which mention has been made, cen-\\nters in about Section 21, extending north and south\\nabout three and one-half and east and west two and a\\nhalf miles, and is a very productive tract of land,\\nyielding ample returns to the husbandman. Its name,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Young s, was acquired, as is many of the places\\nin the West, by being named in honor of its discov-\\nerer. Accompanying a surveying party was a man\\nnamed Nathan Young, who attended to the cuisine\\ndepartment; from a gentle eminence could be seen\\nwhat the others in the party called a lake, and it cer-\\ntainly presented such an appearence, as the tall\\nprairie grass n added to and fro and rose and fell in\\nthe autumnal breeze, much resembling the rising and\\nfalling of the waves as they seek the shore, as it\\nbowed in meek obeisance to the wind while the gentle\\nI sun as it glistened o er the seed-filled blades of grass\\ngave it that silvery appearance and deceived all ex-\\ncept the trained eyesight of Mr. Young, who persisted,\\nnotwithstanding the derision of his companions, in\\ncalling it a prairie, until the proof became apparent\\nas they emerged from its woody skirting and beheld\\nj it filled with native verdure. For services rendered\\nthe surveying party Young was given one-fourth a\\nsection of land, and selected it in close proximity to\\nwhat is now the village of Brownsville, which he\\nj to a great measure cleared up. Being of an invent-\\nive turn of mind, he conceived the idea of improving\\nthe primitive thrashing machine, and inventing a\\n1 straw-carrier. Becoming wholly engrossed in his new\\nenterprise, he finally removed to Mishawaka, Ind.,\\nwhere he could enjoy better facilities to prosecute his\\nwork. He labored most assiduously to perfect his\\nmachinery and had just demonstrated the feasibility\\nof his plans when they were appropriated and\\npatented by an argus-eyed individual, who derived\\nthe benefit therefrom. While prosecuting his labors,\\nheavy drafts were necessarily made upon his capital,\\nand he dispoeed of his farm, which was ultimately\\nswallowed up, until to-day, he is an old man seventy-\\nfive years of age, and in very indifferent circum-\\nstances.\\nThis town is not devoid of ancient mounds and\\ngarden-beds, evidences of former habitation, although\\nthe latter, once so plainly visible on certain portions\\nof the prairie, particularly on the farm now owned by\\nI. Bonine, have long since been obliterated by the", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0344.jp2"}, "345": {"fulltext": "STEPHE^ BOGLIe\\n|VIK,S,STEPHEI 4 BOSlIE.\\nSTEPHEN BOGUE.\\nThe progenitor of the family to which this pioneer of Penn belongs waa Josiah\\nBogue, a Scotchman and a member of the Society of Friends, who sailed for\\nAmerica some time in the early part of the eighteenth century, and settled ttt\\nKdenton, N. C. He bad a family of five children, Jesse, Joseph, Job, Mary,\\nand Lydia. Joseph, the father of Stephen Bogue, was born in Perqiii-\\nmane, N. C, where he was reared to, and successfully followed, the life of a\\nplanter. He married Mary Newby. They were the parents of fifteen childrent\\nthe youngest of whom, Stephen Bogue, was born October 17, 1790. His father\\ndied wiien he was quite young, and the boy succeeded to the management o*^\\nhis small estate. Owing to the arduous duties thus thrust upon him, to feeble\\nhealth when a child, and to the scarcity of good schools, he obtained only an\\nimperfect education, but he had a vigorous, inquiring mind which made him an\\napt pupil in the lite schools of observation and experience.\\nThe prohibition of slavery in the States of the old Northwest drew to them the\\nsalt of the .South a vast immigration of the best elements of population from the\\nCarolinas, Georgia, Virginia, Tennessee and Kentucky In 1811, when Stephen\\nBogiie was twenty-one years of age, the family emigrated to Preble County\\nOhio. Their abhorence of alavt-rj was perhaps the chief influence which operated\\ntoil duce this changu of locution. Their estate, however, small at the time of\\nthe father and husband s death, was materially reduced by the demands of the\\nlarge family which subsisted upon it, and their comparatively poor cootiition\\nwas another consideration which had actuated them in removing to a new\\ncountry. On arriving at Preble County they had but 820O left with which to\\npurchase land. With this sum, however, one hundred and twenty acres waa\\nsecured, which by dint of the utmost toil waa cleared and converted into a\\nfarm. Stephen Bogue was one of the earliest pioneers of the county, and endured\\nlu January, 1822, he was united in marriage witl\\nCounty, Ind. Three children were the offspring of th\\n{nuw Mrs. J. E. Bonine), and Joseph and Benjamin who died\\nMrs. Bogue died in 1828.\\nIn 1829, Stephen Bogue came to the St. Joseph count r ili.\\nhad gone abroad through the more Eastern States, and of u ln h !i\\nfavorable reports from his sister, Mrs, Charles Jones, ati.l h r Im-\\nlocated in Penn in 1828. Mr. Bogue entered a tract of IuihI in i\\nship, and then returned to Ohio, journeying, as he had on tin\\nhorseback along the Indian trails.\\nHe married in March, 1831, Mrs. Hiinnah Bonine, mother of\\nBonine. By this union there were four children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Elvira, now Mrs. Silai\\nThomas, Susannah, William E. and Stephen A. Her maiden name was East,\\nnative of Grayson Counly, Va., born in December, 1798, She had gont\\nwith her parents to Tennessee in 1S07, and from there to Wayne County, Ind.\\nin 1810, where blie was married to James Bonine In 1824. In October, IS. U, Mr\\nBogue and his wife removed t.. Michigan and settled in Ptnn Township, on th.\\nElliott, of Wayne\\nz.: Sarah\\nchildhood.\\nfarm now owned by their son Stephen A. Bogue\\nuntilhia death, which occurred October 11, 1808.\\nresident of Vaodalia.\\nThe subject of our sketch was by birth, by inclination, and by education a\\nFriend. Therefore he was an advocate of the abolition of slavery, and a very\\nstanch and consistent one. He lived to witness the final complete triumph of\\nhis cherished and once unpopular principles, in the overthrow of the peculiar\\ninstitution. He was one of the founders of the Friends Anti-Slavery Society,\\nand during the existence of that wonderful organization known as the Under-\\nground Railroad, he aided a very large number of fugitive slaves in their\\nflight to Canada. In 1847, the zeal of his friendship for the bondsman made\\nhim a leading character among those who resisted the Kentucky Raid (of\\nwhich an account is given in Chapter XVII) when the Kentuckians brought\\nsuitagainst a number of citizens of Cass County to recover the value of the\\nslaves they had kidnaped and been prevented from carrying back with them,\\nseveral of the defendants compromised the case, so far as they were individually\\nconcerned, but Mr. Bogue, from principle, resolutely refused all offers to com-\\npromise, regarding any payments that might be made under such offers as\\nblood money. He would have occupied this position alone, save for the\\ncompany of Josiah and Jefferson Osborn. Politically, he affiliated with the\\nWhig, Free-Soil and Republican parties. Although from principle opposed\\nto war, ho gave the whole weight of his influence for the suppression of the\\nSouthern rebelli. n.\\nA devoted incrM^n nt ili,- s... j, ty of Friends, he was instrumental in effect-\\ning the organi/.Lti ri nf I .irili I, ikr Monthly Meeting. He was one of its origi-\\nnal members, and tb fn t nil eiiiig WHS held at hia house. All church enter-\\nprises received from him encouragement and support.\\nIn the conduct of his affairs, he was successful beyond the common measure,\\nand secured a competency. He was a man of much enterprise. One of hia proj-\\nects which resulted most favorably was the platting and establishment of the\\nvillage of Vandalia,\\nThe subject of our sketch possessed a very happy combination of the good\\nqualities of mind and heart. He waa very strongly attached to hia family and\\nfriends, and a man of great marked social qualifications, always genial and\\nkindly in intercourse with his fellow-men, whatever might be their condition\\nin life. He was judiciously benevolent and the worthy poor of his neighborhod\\nand township had no better friend.\\nMorally he was above reproach. Hin sense of justice was very keen. Fafth\\nin his honesty and fair-mindedness waa universal, and ho was veiy frequently\\ncalled upon to act as arbitrator in settling business difiicuUiea or as a peace-\\nmaker where violent differences ot opinion arose. He was an upright, pure,\\nhigh-minded man. His unswerving integrity, his devotion to principle, hie\\nsinglenesB of purpose and simplicity of character won the respect of all who\\nknew him. His example and counsel were a constant and an active force for\\ngood during his life.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0345.jp2"}, "346": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0346.jp2"}, "347": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n245\\nplowman. Two mounds are still in good preservation,\\nand can be seen in Section 23. Various persons have\\nmade excavations in them, and exhumed therefrom\\nhuman bones. The jaw of a man was found of such\\ncapacious size as to fit readily over the largest man s\\njaw, while some of it still remained intact, thus\\ndefying the ravages of time for many centuries,\\nas trees quite large in size derive their sustenance\\nfrom roots imbedded in these sepulchers of an ancient\\nrace.\\nIt is no matter of surprise that this township was\\nso soon occupied by bona fide settlers, for, in addition\\nto numerous other attractions, can be found beautiful\\ncrystal lakes and streams, in the waters of which those\\npiscatorially inclined can reap a rich reward, while\\ntraversing the ambient fluid which three-quarters of a\\ncentury since was only pierced by the birch canoe of\\nthe dusky savage.\\nThe largest of these lakes, bearing the name of\\nDiamond Lake, which was conferred upon it by Dr.\\nHenry H. Fowler, in commemoration of one left by him\\nin the far East, lies nearly two-thirds in this town-\\nship, it nearly occupying the whole of Sections 31\\nand 32, near the center of which rises a tract of land\\ncontaining about seventy acres, known as Diamond\\nLake Island. This island has an interesting history,\\nwhich will be appropriately recorded.\\nDonnel s Lake, in Sections 35 and 36, is about one\\nand a quarter miles in length, east and west, and\\ntakes its name from an old settler, John Donnel, who,\\nin years long since gone by, was wont to convert into\\nwhat the Indians called fire-water certain products\\nof the husbandman. Bela and Kirk s Lakes, lying\\nnearly wholly in Section 24, were also named in\\nhonor of early settlers Lincoln being the surname\\nof the one from whom the first-mentioned lake derived\\nits name.\\nIn Section 2, is a lake bearing the significant nom-\\nenclature of Fish, which does honor not only to the\\nfinny tribes that disport in its limpid waters, but also\\nto a certain widow lady, formerly a resident of the\\nnow extinct village of Geneva.\\nThe Christiana Creek, which is formed in Section\\n22 by the confluence of three streams which find\\ntheir source in lakes, and flow from nearly opposite\\ndirections, flows in a southerly direction through\\nCalvin, Jeff erson and Ontwa Townships, emptying\\ninto the St. Jo.seph River near Elkhart, Ind., is a\\nrapid stream, and has been harnessed by man at Van-\\ndalia, Wright s Mills, Redfield s Mills and Adams-\\nville, in which places it does .service in the interest of\\nvariou.s manufacturing enterprises, but principally\\nthat of milling. The stream was named by Rev.\\nIsaac McCoy, in honor of hi.s wife.\\nFIRST SETTLERS.\\nIt is a very difficult matter, to determine, beyond\\na shadow of doubt, who was the first person that\\nentered this township with the intention of becoming\\na permanent settler. There is quite a conflict of\\nstatements among those best qualified by reason of\\nlong residence to decide the question, and the difli-\\nculty is augmented by the fact that several of those\\nfirst in the township sold out their claims and moved\\naway, the land not being subject to entry at that early\\ndate, 1827.\\nIn 1827 or 1828, David Shafi er wended his way\\nfrom Butler County, Ohio, with his family, settled on\\nYoung s prairie, and erected what some erroneously\\nsuppose to be the first house. That fall he went back\\nto Ohio because his wife could not endure the isola-\\ntion incident to a winter in the new county, and before\\nhe returned some one jumped his claim.\\nJohn Read came from Clark County, Ohio, in 1827\\nor 1828, and commenced making some improvement in\\nthis township, and when Peter Shafi er came to the\\ncounty, in 1828, in search of a home, he became\\ncharmed with the surroundings and purchased Read s\\nbetterments, paying a certain portion down, the\\nbalance to be paid when he took possession. Shaffer\\nreturned to his home in Ohio and had made all pre-\\nparations to move to this county when his son, George\\nT., accidentally broke his leg, and the journey was tem-\\nporarily abandoned. John Read, in the meantime,\\nI went to Ohio, called on Mr. Shafi er and requested to\\nbe released from the bargain, as he had received a\\nmuch better offer. This proposition met the approval\\nof Mr. Shaffer, who could not well make the journey\\nat this time, and his money was refunded him. It is\\nsupposed that Read sowed the first wheat in the town-\\nship. His possession of the land, however, was of\\nshort duration, for in the fall of 1829, he sold out his\\nbetterments to Daniel Mcintosh, for $210, which\\nsum was to be paid when the land was struck off to\\nhim at the land sales. Mr. Mcintosh emigrated from\\nScotland in 1800, and settled in Baltimore, Md., and\\n1 twenty years later removed to Wayne County, Ohio,\\nI where they resided until coming to Michigan in 1829.\\nI There were nine in the family, viz. James, William,\\nMary, Daniel, John, Elizabeth, Margaret, Duncan\\nand Jane. John, James and Elizabeth removed to\\nIllinois, and are all dead Mary and Jane, to Iowa, the\\nformer now deceased Margaret also deceased. Dun-\\ncan and Daniel now live in Penn, the former on the old\\nhomestead, while Daniel resides on land located by\\nhim in 1829, on Sections 29 and 32, and he still\\nrecalls most vividly the early scenes and incidents\\nthrough which they passed, and is possessed of much\\nvaluable information of those times, which he cheer-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0347.jp2"}, "348": {"fulltext": "246\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nfully imparts. He was married to Amanda Benson,\\nand of their seven children, Mary Jane (Mathews),\\nthe only one now living, resides in Missouri. William,\\nwho died in May, 1877, entered the land now owned\\nby his son Jacob. William was in the Sauk war four-\\nteen days and drew a pension of $150, for services\\nrendered.\\nWhen emigrating to Michigan, Daniel Mcintosh,\\nSr., camped for the night about six miles from Tecum-\\nseh. During the night, five of his six head of horses\\nbecame so frightened by the howling of the wolves\\nthat they broke loose from their fastenings and dashed\\ninto the woods. Instructing his son Daniel to pursue\\ntheir journey, with the family, in an ox wagon, he\\nstarted under the escort of a man named Dorrel, who\\nwas to pilot him through the woods, in search of his\\nproperty. He was soon deserted by Dorrel, and, los-\\ning his way, wandered through the woods for five days\\nand nights, subsisting on wild fruits and berries. The\\nweather was extremely cold, it being late in Novem-\\nber, and his hands and feet became so badly frozen as\\nto be almost useless, and while in this pitiable state,\\non hands and knees, he crawled to a house, where he\\nremained for fifteen days before he was in condition\\nto be moved home. While fording a stream on his way\\nhome with his father, Daniel was obliged to place his\\nback to the dash board of the old Pennsylvania wagon,\\nwhich was hollowed out to keep the water from flow-\\ning in and drowning his father the weather being\\nvery cold, he suffered intensely with his wet clothing\\nbefore reaching home. Mortification having set in,\\nand no physician being attainable, his son Daniel un-\\njointed one foot at the instep with a carving knife,\\nthe only surgical instrument attainable. One foot and\\nheel were subsequently amputated, in which deplorable\\ncondition the remainder of his life was passed, his feet\\nnever healing, his death not occurring until July 2,\\n1851. Physically, he was a powerfully-formed man,\\nand for many years could be seen making his way on\\nhis hands and knees, the latter were encased in leather.\\nHe could not brook idleness, and would work at wood-\\nchopping, rail-splitting, sawing with a cross-cut saw,\\nin fact, any farm labor his condition would enable him\\nto perform. The horses came in of their own accord,\\nthey having been secreted by some evil-disposed per-\\nsons who were vainly waiting for a reward.\\nRodney Hinkley was one of the first to locate on\\nYoung s Prairie, on the land now owned by James E.\\nBonine; was obliged to go to Fort Wayne, Ind., eighty\\nmiles distant, to mill with an ox team. He sold out\\nhis claim for $25 to John Rinehart, who entered it\\n160 acres, June 27, 1829. Four or five years subse-\\nquently, he sold to a Mr. Collins and removed to\\nPorter Township, when he remained until the time of\\nhis death, 1858. Of the ten children born to them,\\nJohn W., who married Lydia E. James, alone lives in\\nPenn Township, on Section 16. Joseph Frakes, who\\nwas born in Fairfield County, Ohio, left the Uuckeye\\nState in 1827 and came to Cass County, locating in\\nthis township. In his autobiography, published in\\nthe history of Kalamazoo County, it is stated, at\\nthat time there were no settlers in that section, but\\nIndians were quite numerous. In 1828, he went to\\nOhio and returned with his bride, the bridal equipage\\nconsisting of a lumber wagon, driven by oxen, the\\njourney here consuming one month. The above would\\nindicate that he was the first settler in the township.\\nHe sold his interest in land in Section 28 in 1829, to\\nCharles Jones, who came from Preble County, Ohio,\\nand removed to Schoolcraft, in Kalamazoo County,\\nwhere he died in 1880, being at that time the possessor\\nof 1,000 acres of land, on Gourdneck Prairie.\\nCharles Jones married Anna Bogue, sister of Stephen,\\nand they were blessed with eight children William,\\nMary, Betsey, George, Charles, Anna, now Mrs. J.\\nTrattles, in Iowa. Joseph and Keziah. the latter\\nnow Mrs. D. Bordie, with whom her sister Betsey\\nlives. Joseph lives in Iowa, while Mary, George\\nand Charles are deceased. William, the eldest, still\\nlives on the old homestead. When Charles Jones\\ncame from Ohio, he brought with him some fruit\\ntrees, which were planted on his farm that spring,\\n1830. Daniel Mcintosh and Thomas England also\\nset out some fruit trees that spring, they being the first\\nplanted. Job Davis commenced the life of a pioneer\\nin Section 29, in 1827-28, and had only just nicely\\ncommenced to make improvements when he disposed\\nof his squatter s right in the land to Stephen Bogue,\\nin 1829, at which time Mr. Bogue entered it, to-\\ngether with enough other lands, so that, with subse-\\nquent purchases, he owned nearly 1,000 acres. Davis\\nremoved to what was subsequently Whitraanville, in\\nLa Grange Township, and there erected a saw-mill,\\nwhich was in turn disposed of, he removing to Texas,\\nwhere he subsequently died.\\nHaving completed his purchases, Mr. Bogue re-\\nturned to Ohio, and not until the fall of 1831 did he\\nremove with his family from Preble County, hia home,\\nthe journey occupying twenty-one days. Horses,\\ncattle and hogs were brought by him, so that they\\ncommenced pioneer life with more than many \u00c2\u00a9f their\\nneighbors. A biographical sketch appears elsewhere.\\nMen of all avocations penetrated the then Western\\nwilds, and among them was Martin Shields, a saddler\\nby trade, who came from Logan County, Ohio, in the\\nfall of 1828, and June 17, 1829, located 160 acres of\\nland in Section 20. The first election was held at his\\nhouse, and he was the first postmaster in the town-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0348.jp2"}, "349": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n247\\nship. Mrs. J. Nixon recalls the time when he\\nShields, after attending a series of revival meetings,\\nthought he was called to preach, and, agreeably to\\nnotice promulgated by himself, those spiritually in- j\\nclined assembled at his house, but he failed to proclaim j\\nthe Gospel, for, after a long search with the pioneers\\nstanding around, he could not find the text that in. I\\nspired him. He eventually sold his property, and I\\nwent West. Duncan Mcintosh recalls the time when\\nowing to the land being cultivated before it was sur. i\\nveyed, Martin Shields first discovered that his wheat\\nfields encroached on the land they had purchased of\\nJ. Reed. It was good-naturedly surrendered, but the\\nfence rails taken in each of several similar cases. The\\nfollowing year, Mr. Mcintosh harvested ten bushels\\nof wheat per acre from the land surrendered, enough\\nwheat having dropped from the ripened heads to self-\\nsow the ground. Among the early settlers to leave\\nwas Mr. Boyles, who, with Mcintosh, purchased\\neighty acres in Section 29, in 1829.\\nJohn and Mary Pollock came from Ireland, and\\nsettleil in Pokagon Township he departed this life in\\n1864, and she in 1848. John 0. Pollock, one of\\ntheir seven children, now lives on Section 7, and is\\nthe father of six children, all at home, the elder boys\\nhelping cultivate the farm of 150 acres, which has\\nbeen converted from a state of wilderness to one of\\nfertility by the industry of Mr. Pollock.\\nAmos Green was born December lU, 1789, in Sa-\\nvannah, Ga. While young, he removed to North Caro-\\nlina, thence to Preble County, Ohio, where he married\\nSarah Jones, who came from North Carolina, and\\nthey came to Michigan in 1830, settling on Young s\\nPrairie, where he died August 6, 1854, and she De-\\ncember 13, 1863. Their children were Hannah, Lydia,\\nGeorge, Rebecca, Esther, Asenath, Sarah (Mrs. Davis,\\nin California), Amos, Enoch, Kesiah, Elizabeth (now\\nMrs. I. Bonine), Mary Ann (now Mrs. Stephen Jones,\\nof Battle Creek), Solomon and Phtebe (now Mrs. H.\\nWarren). George is in Vandalia, Solomon out west;\\nall the rest being deceased, except Lydia, widow of\\nStephen Rudd, Stephen being one of four brothers\\nMarvick, Jeremiah, Barker F. and Stephen who were\\nborn near the Green Mountains, Vermont, Stephen\\ncoming here in 1836, his death occurring in 1860.\\nMrs. Rudd now lives on the farm she helped make,\\nand distinctly recalls the trying scenes when they\\nfirst came into the county, a pile of stones doing duty\\nin the house as fire-place. Mr. Rudd entered 120\\nacres in Section 25, in 1836, but subsequently sold,\\nand purchased in Section 17. He was a carpenter by\\ntrade, and built, or assisted in building, all the early\\nbuildings in that section. Her four children all live\\nin the township, viz., Olivia, Eveline, Alonzo B. and\\nElla. Jeremiah Rudd, one of the above-mentioned\\nbrothers, was a good Baptist Deacon, always solicitous\\nfor the poor, and died in 1855, nineteen years after\\ncoming to the county, and his wife Orphia died in\\nMinnesota. Of their three children, Helen is de-\\nceased, Orson in Dakota, and Jay, a farmer in Section\\n9, he being a widower, his wife having died in 1861.\\nJoseph Pemberton, who was born near Charleston,\\nS. C, removed to St. Joseph County, Ind., and from\\nthere to Cass County in January, 1835. He located\\n240 acres in Section 23, and died in three months\\nafter coming here, or March 16, 1836, leaving his\\nwife Elener, who was originally from Hardin County,\\nKy., in charge of seven children, the oldest being\\nfourteen years of age (some of the older children hav-\\ning married). Although she was left with some\\nnioney, being kind and generous, and unaccustomed\\nto conducting business, she soon disposed of the major\\nportion of it, and was obliged to support her chil-\\ndren by running the loom, manufacturing cloth. She\\nwould labor until 9 o clock at night, and 3 o clock the\\nnext morning would find her industriously laboring\\nover the loom, anxiously counting each yard as it\\ngrew under her skillful hands, while thinking of the\\nmouths to feed, and the many necessaries she must\\nprovide. Such parental love shows the devotion of\\nwoman, and no wonder her children revere her mem-\\nory as they contemplate the numerous hours of weari-\\nsome toil and deprivations she endured for them, Mr.\\nJoseph M. Pemberton, who resides on Section 23, be-\\ning one of the three children. Thomas England was\\none of those who act as the forerunners of civilization.\\nComing from Virginia in June, 1829, he located eighty\\nacres of land in Section 22, and, in 1831, eighty more\\nin Section 15, which was disposed of to I. Bonine, he\\nstarting for the much-praised territory of Iowa. Con-\\ntemporaneous with Mr. England was William Mc-\\nCleary, who came from Virginia in 1829, and in 1830\\nsold to John Nixon the 160 acres he had located, and\\nremoved to Indiana, in which State he died. Mr.\\nNixon, who is now enjoying the evening of life, for\\nhe was born in Randolph County, N. C, in 1806, and\\nstill resides on the first land he purchased for $4 per\\nacre.\\nUp to this period, 1831, a large number of those\\nwho came into the country acted as avant- couriers to\\nthe tide of civilization then pouring westward, and\\nhaving spied out the western paradise turned their\\nfaces toward the setting sun for new fields to explore, the\\nrestraints of civilization being uncongenial to them.\\nTheir stay, however, was so transitory that it was\\nLike the snow-fall in the river,\\nA moment white then melts forever.\\nIt is extremely difficult to obtain anything authen-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0349.jp2"}, "350": {"fulltext": "248\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntic regarding them. At this period, the people began to\\nturn their attention to township affairs and held the\\nelection ordered nearly three years previous, and\\naffairs began to assume a more permanent shape both\\nof individuals and the community religious serv-\\nvices were held by itinerant ministers of various\\ndenominations in private houses, and Martin Shields\\nhad built a frame barn on his farm, the first in the\\ntownship. The first school was taught by Lousia\\nGedding, in the log house of Daniel Mcintosh. A\\nblacksmith shop had been established by a man\\nnamed Peck in 1828, near what is now Jamestown,\\nand although he took his departure this year, 1831, he\\nwas soon followed by others. That much needed\\nmanufactory a grist-mill the first in the county\\nhad been built in 1828, by David Carpenter, on the\\nChristiana Creek, and, although a most primitive\\naffair, it did duty for the settlers even as far as forty\\nmiles distant in some instances. This enterprise is\\nworthy of more than a secluded corner in the history,\\nboth on account of the importance it assumed in the\\ncommunity, and the ingenuity displayed in its con-\\nstruction by Carpenter, who had almost nothing at\\nhand now considered indispensable in such enter-\\nprises. With all his ingenuity the builder made a\\nserious mistake, for he first located it on Donnel s Lake,\\nand when completed turned the water into the flume,\\nwhich from the natural construction of the ground\\nwas so high that only a few inches of water, not\\nnearly enough for practical purposes, would run into\\nit. It being impossible to correct matters there it was\\nimmediately torn down and placed on Christiana\\nCreek. In simplicity it would rank with the mills of\\nthe ancient Egyptians, while for effectiveness it far\\nsurpassed them, its capacity being forty bushels of\\ncorn per day. Not a foot of lumber was used in its\\nconstruction, except for the bolting chest, and it to-\\ngether with the buhrs and irons were brought from\\nOhio in wagons drawn by oxen.\\nA hollow sycamore log was inserted in a horizontal\\nposition in the dam into which the water flowed and\\nfrom that into an upright sycamore log, through\\nauger holes, and from thence onto the wheel that in\\nturn, by means of belts, drove the stone which were two\\nfeet and seven inches in diameter. This mill, which\\nexists only in history, did eflBcient service for many\\nyears and was run by James O Dell after 1832.\\nIn 1830 or 1831, John Donnel constructed a distill-\\nery on Section 35, and sold whisky at 25 cents per gal-\\nlon. In early days, it was not considered disreputable\\nto drink whisky, and no raising, log-rolling, chopping\\nor husking bee was considered complete without this\\nfavorite beverage was freely dispensed, and a failure\\nto provide it would be considered not only a breach of\\netiquette but an act of penuriousness none could brook;\\nin fact its use was considered appropriate at all times\\nand under all circumstances, hence the distiller WE^s an\\nimportant factor in the community in which he re-\\nsided and was frequently as strenuous for the mainte-\\nnance of the moral and other laws as the most puritan-\\nical. Donnel removed to Illinois and from there to\\nOregon, where he died some ten years since, reputed\\nto be worth $100,000. His successor, T. R. Johnson,\\nwas considerable of a sporting character, and his fav-\\norite race-horse, Blue Buck, was the recipient of\\nmany encomiums from his neighbors, who had a settler s\\nright or interest in him. Blue Buck was taken on\\nnumerous expeditions outside of the county to exhibit\\nhis speed and win dollars for his owner. The story\\ngoes that Johnson s son won $10 of some merchants,\\nwho were in Chicago purchasing goods, and they re-\\nfused to pay. The old gentleman on being informed\\ncounseled his son to keep quiet for he would see that\\nthey paid roundly for their duplicity. Accordingly, he\\nhad his son attach his horses to their wagons, full of\\ngoods just purchased, and as the midnight hour ap-\\nproached started for home with them, traveling by\\nnight and hiding in the impenetrable forests by day\\nwhether this is true or not, certain it is that they\\nbrought home a stock of goods, but as to whether he\\nprocured them without giving value received is doubt-\\nful, as Johnson was fond of telling a good story.\\nAbout this time, 1833, an affair occurred that caused\\nquite a commotion among the inhabitants, and was the\\ntopic of discussion for many years. Martin Hollis\\nand Thomas Kirk were engaged in erecting a saw-mill\\non the Christiana Creek, in Section 23, when a num-\\nber of Indians repaired to the house of Mr. Kirk and\\nflourished their weapons in a rather suggestive man-\\nner, in view of the fact that there was a feud existing\\nbetween them and Kirk finally a gun was thrust\\nthrough the door the barrel to which was caught\\nby Mr. Hollis when it was discharged, the contents\\nentering the person of an Indian named Pokagon,\\nwho died in about four weeks. The Indian was ar-\\nrested, but released after an examination, to be tried\\nby the Indians (who did nothing with him), he claim-\\ning that the discharge was purely accidental, not being\\naware that the gun was cocked. Those most conversant\\nwith the affair incline to the opinion that they went\\nthere on a mission of death, which was only prevented\\nfrom being consummated in the manner intended, by\\nthe timely interference of Mr. Hollis.\\nBeing desirous of ridding the country of wolves,\\nwhich were very numerous and destructive of stock,\\nthe records show that a bounty* of $2 per head for\\nlarge wolves, and $1 for whelps and prairie wolves,\\nwas allowed. These pests continued in such large", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0350.jp2"}, "351": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0351.jp2"}, "352": {"fulltext": "THOMAS J. Cy^STE FELINE.\\nJVIRS. THOMAS J.CASTERLIME.\\nf;eside!^ice of dh-thom/^s j. caste rlNe pe^([s(, iviich.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0352.jp2"}, "353": {"fulltext": "johK j^/ixoM\\njviKS.joHN NixofJ.\\nJOHN NIXON.\\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Randolph\\nCounty, N. C, November 15, 1808. He was the\\nson of Phineas and Millicent Nixon, who reared a\\nfamily of twelve children. The elder Nixon was born\\nin Perquimans County, N. C. of his ancestors but\\nlittle is known further than they were English Quakers.\\nHe wiis a physician and a man of marked ability, and\\nwas sent to Congress in the interest of a colonization\\nscheme for the negroes of North Carolina. In his\\nreligious ideas he was a Quaker, and exemplified in\\nhis life the teachings of that remarkable faith. He\\ndied in North Carolina. John, in his boyhood days,\\nevidenced many traits of character that have since\\nbecome his distinguishing characteristics he believed\\nthat the time to be happy was in the present, and that\\nsuiBcient unto the day is the evil thereof. His\\nhappy disposition rendered him somewhat unmindful\\nof the importance of education, and he received what\\nmight be called a limited common-school education.\\nHe learned the trade of a tanner and currier, which\\navocation he followed for a short time. In 1830, he\\nstarted for Michigan, arriving at Richmond, Ind.,\\nwhere his brother Gabriel resided he induced him to\\naccompany him, and the two brothers arrived in Penn\\nin October of that year. John found employment at\\ndifferent vocations until February, 1831, when he\\njoined a surveying party, and for a number of months\\nwas engaged in the northern part of the State.\\nIn 1832, he was married to Miss Esther, daughter\\nof Henry and Hannah Jones, whose biography can\\nbe found on another page. Mrs. Nixon was born\\nin Preble County, Ohio, in January of 1814. After\\nhis marriage, Mr. Nixon bought an interest in a saw-\\nmill owned by his father-in-law, which he operated\\nfor three years, when he bought a farm of eighty\\nacres on Section 18, where he lived until his removal\\nto the place where he now resides. Mr. Nixon has\\nbeen intimately connected with the affairs of Penn\\nTownship, and has served his fellow-citizens in vari-\\nous capacities. He may appropriately be called the\\nfather of the Cass County Pioneer Society, having\\nmade the initial movement for its establishment, and\\nof which he has been President, and has done much\\nto promote its growth and prosperity.\\nThis sketch would be incomplete without special\\nmention of Mrs. Nixon, who has been the mother of\\neleven children, nine of whom are living. She in-\\nherits many of the prominent characteristics of her\\nfather, and has been a devoted wife, a kind mother,\\nand a valued friend.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0353.jp2"}, "354": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0354.jp2"}, "355": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nnumbers, notwithstanding their large slaughter, that\\nthe township in April, 1833, appropriated ^50 to help\\npay for their exte.mination, the payment per head to\\nbe the same as tha offered by the county, which really\\nraised the price to that the settlers were amply re-\\nwarded for the labor spent in securing the coveted\\npelts.\\nJames B. Bonine, although not born in this coun-\\nty, has spent nearly his wholelife here, being but six\\nyears of age when, with his mother and step-father\\n(Stephen Bogue), he came here, and was raised by the\\nkindly Quaker gentleman who had assumed the posi-\\ntion offaJ;her, his own father passing away the first\\nyear of his marriage, in the county of Wayne, In-\\ndiana. Although so long in the county, his recollec-\\ntion of pioneer history is necessarily limited, owing to\\nhis extreme youth, when settlements were being made.\\nMrs. Bonine (daughter of that grand old Quaker di-\\nvine, Charles Osborn), is with her husband, now en-\\njoying the fruits of a well-spent life on a farm, in the\\ncorporation of Vandalia.\\nThomas Kirk came in as a young man and worked\\nfor others several years, until February 5, 1836, at\\nwhich time he located eighty acres of land in Section\\n24, and getting married about this time, henceforth\\nlabored for himself until his death.\\nIndiana was the stopping-place, for a short time, of\\nmany from the South and East, who ultimately came\\nto this county and became permanent settlers. Among\\nthis number was John Alexander, who was born in\\nBurke County, N. C, in 1780, who, with his\\nwife, who was born in 1785, made their way to the\\nabove-named State on horseback, carrying two chil-\\ndren and all their worldly effects. In the spring of\\n1831, this county was reached and a farm purchased.\\nThe house in which they lived for several months was\\nnothing but a shanty covered with basswood bark. He\\npassed away June 15, 1850, and his wife February\\n16, 1845. As illustrative of his character, it is stated\\nthat one year, when grain of all kinds was very\\nscarce and high, oats and corn bringing from 75 cents\\nto ?1 per bushel, he having an abundance, placed the\\nprice at 25 cents per bushel, and would take no more,\\nlimiting his sales to settlers only. His family con-\\nsisted of nine children Sophronia, Mrs. J. Irving\\nSophia, Mrs. Alpheas Ireland, in Oregon Caroline,\\nMrs. H. Copley, in Northern Michigan Samuel and\\nMargaret, deceased; Leah, now with her son-in-law,\\nJ. A. Jones, Sheriff in Cassopolis Ephraim, in Da-\\nkota John, in Vandalia and Peter, the youngest,\\nwho lives in Section 8, is the possessor of 240 acres\\nof land. His first wife, by whom he had one son, B.\\nFrank, died some years since, and two children bless\\nhis second marriage with Hannah Haines.\\nHon. James O Dell was a Virginian by birth, his\\nbirthday being on the 20th of July, 1779. At the age\\nof twenty-one, he moved to Highland County, Ohio,\\nwhere he remained until 1831, when he came to Mich-\\nigan, first settling in St. Joseph County, where he\\nraised one crop on Pigeon Prairie, and in 1832 came\\nto this county and purchased the farm which he owned\\nat the time of his death, which occurred August 23,\\n1845, and on which still resides one of his sons, John\\nW. O Dell. Their journey to this State was a long\\nand laborious one, as with all their household goods\\nstowed away in the capacious wagon, with stock driven\\nalong the unfenced highway, or what was dignified by\\nsuch a name, it being almost impassable in many cases.\\nThis was particularly the case in what was known as\\nthe Black, or Twelve-mile Swamp, through which they\\nneeded a guide to prevent losing their way, there being\\nnothing to keep them from taking a trail and passing\\ninto the impenetrable bogs, mire and woods, with\\nwhich they were surrounded. Even then they were\\nnot wholly exempt from casualties, for some having\\npassed along with a portion of the stock, John W.\\nO Dell and others, who were driving the hogs, took the\\nwrong forks in the trail. The hallooing of the men in\\nthe advance as it reverberated through the swamp, de-\\nceived them, and it was not until the voices waned so as\\nto become nearly inaudible, that their mistake was dis-\\ncovered. Night was upon them and their steps could\\nnotbe retraced, and they stopped at a cabin overnight.\\nNo inclosure being at hand, their swine scattered in\\nso many directions that it was several days be-\\nI fore they were secured and again started westward.\\nI A miller by occupation, he ran the Carpenter Mill,\\nI which he purchased, for several years. In township\\naffairs, Mr. O Dell was very prominent, hoMing the\\noffice of Supervisor six years and tho ofiices of School\\nInspector and Highway Commissioner for several years,\\nwas also a member of the Constitutional Convention\\nin 1835, and represented his district in the State Leg-\\nislature. All of his oflScial actions were a credit not\\nonly to himself but the people he so ably represented.\\nHis public spirit led him often to neglect his private\\naffairs, in the interest of the public particularly was\\n1 this the case, when, in 1834, he visited Buffalo and\\nhelped secure commissioners, who had a railroad sur-\\nveyed from Detroit to Lake Michigan, which survey\\nwas afterward followed by the Michigan Central Rail-\\nroad at almost every point. His integrity was unim-\\npeachable and offers of Buffalo speculators to pay him\\nliberally to locate the land along the prospective rail-\\nroad was quickly rejected.\\nMr. O Dell served his township in oflScial affairs for\\nmany years, holding the oflSces of Collector, Consta-\\nble and Highway Commissioner, his numerous re-elec-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0355.jp2"}, "356": {"fulltext": "250\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntions bearing witness to his efficiency in a public\\ncapacity.\\nThe first physician that settled among these people\\nwas Dr. Henry H. Fowler, who came from Connecti-\\ncut and located 91 acres in Section 31, where the\\nembryo village of Geneva once had an existence. He\\nimmediately came into prominence, being elected sec-\\nond Sheriff of the county while he did duty as School\\nInspector, and Treaurer for the township. His East-\\nern education rather unfitted him for his Western\\nassociates, who described him as being somewhat aris-\\ntocratic. About 1836, he removed to Bristol, Ind.,\\nwhere he died, the failure to secure the much coveted\\ncounty seat at his place in a measure curtailing his\\nstay. These early settlers, while enduring the many\\ninconveniences and deprivations incidental to the set-\\ntling of any new country, did not experience the\\nhardships which those in some less favored portions\\nwere called upon to undergo. They always had\\nenough to sustain life, the fertile prairie yielding\\nenough to maintain life, while the woody portions\\nwere being cleared up. The wild plums, cherries,\\ngrapes, strawberries, whortleberries and other fruits\\nthat grew in abundance extended the bill of fare,\\nwhich, with the palatable meat of the wild turkey and\\ndeer, furnished a living by no means despicable. The\\npeople had many enjoyments in those early days, and\\nthe marriage feast was occasionally celebrated, the\\nfirst one in honor of the marriage of George Meacham\\nto Miss Catherine Rinehart, which took place on\\nYoung s Prairie, October 6, 182it. The first death\\nalso occurred this year, the deceased being a stranger.\\nThe coffin used was made out of boards, or slabs, split\\nout of a cherry tree by John Reed.\\nLATER SETTLERS.\\nFrom this time on settlers came in very rapidly,\\nand the development became quite general all over\\nthe township, and substantial buildings began to\\ngive place to those hastily erected when first com-\\ning in the county. The first land entries were made\\nin June, 1829, and continued until May 2, 1853, on\\nwhich day Amos Smith located forty acres in Section\\n28, and Jacob Keen thirty-six acres in Section 13.\\nThe settlers who came in subsequent to those recorded,\\nformed the nucleus for the present wealth and develop-\\nment of the county already established, still a great\\nmany entered upon land as found in a state of nature,\\nand with the exception of having better facilities for\\nprocuring the necessaries of life, and disposing of their\\nproducts, passed through the same hardships as those\\nwho came at a somewhat earlier date. Among those\\nwho came in at this period (1839) was Joseph D.\\nDodge, who is now with his son in Vandalia, previous\\nto which he improved a farm of 200 acres. Mr.\\nDodge was born in Montgomery County, N. Y.,\\nand came from Baldwinsville here. He was engaged\\nin the Patriot war, and was taken prisoner at the\\nbattle of the Wind Mill, fought opposite Ogdensburg.\\nHe with 124 others crossed into Canada with muni-\\ntions of war, under the leadership of a Polander named\\nBen Schultz, and while there the boat that conveyed\\nthem over was taken away. The Canadians failed\\nto come and get the supplies as agreed upon, and they\\nwere very unexpectedly forced to give battle to 1,500\\nBritish soldiers, who bore down upon them, their force\\nnumbering but sixty, sixty-four having been detailed\\nto care for the supplies. From behind their barricade\\nthey killed and wounded a large number before the\\nBritish retired, and then with re-enforcements amount-\\ning, in all, to 3,000 men, they captured the hindful of\\nadventurers and carried them prisoners April 9,\\n1839 to Fort Henry, at Kingston, where thirteen\\nwere hung, and seventy transported to Van Diemen s\\nLand for life. By dint of the neatest strategy, Mr.\\nDodge was freed and thus his life saved, but the 200\\nacres of land promised by the weak-kneed Canadi-\\nans for supplies, was never secured.\\nAmong the prominent families are numbered the\\nBonines, they having done much to forward the in-\\nterests of the township and enhance its value. Isaac\\nBonine, who was born in Virginia, removed to Ten-\\nnessee, from there to Indiana, and then to Michigan,\\nsettling on Young s Prairie, on the place now owned\\nby Mr. N. Jones, in 1842. Born of Quaker parents,\\nhe accepted their religious faith, and could not tolerate\\nslavery, else it is doubtful if he ever left the South.\\nHe was the father of eleven children seven boys and\\nfive girls, as follows: Susan, Daniel, James E., Sam-\\nuel, Evan J., Jacob, Lot, Lydia, Isaac, Sarah and\\nJonathan. Daniel, Jonathan, Susan and Jacob are\\ndeceased, the first two when quite young, and Susan\\nis the wife of Isaac P. James Evan J. is a practicing\\nphysician in Niles Lydia is the wife of Nathan Jones,\\nin Penn Samuel, a Quaker divine in Kansas the\\nother sons are farmers in Penn. Having farmed it\\nlargely in Indiana, and in the most approved fashion,\\nhe taking particular pride in blooded stock, he brought\\nwith him fine stock of all kinds, including Berkshire\\nhogs, Blakewell and merino sheep. He passed away\\nat the ripe old age of eighty-three years, beloved and\\nrespected by all, and his children look back with much\\npride to the time when, becoming involved to such an\\nextent by going security as to nearly sweep away the\\nfine fortune he had accumulated in Indiana, he liqui-\\ndated every indebtedness, although it necessitated his\\nmoving to the then comparatively new country of\\nMichigan. His son. Lot, has a farm in Section 34,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0356.jp2"}, "357": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OV CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n251\\nand takes much pride in fine stock, and now possesses,\\nas he claims, the only Saxony sheep in the State.\\nTheir wool is of silky fineness, and brings double\\nprice in the market. When a young man, he trapped\\nas long as it was remunerative. Another son, Isaac,\\nalso in this township, is a successful farmer he also\\ndevoting considerable attention to stock. Being of a\\nprogressive nature, he was the first man in his section\\nto adopt the use of that great labor-saving machine,\\nthe mower. James E. Bonine came in one year sub-\\nsequent to his father, and purchased eighty acres of\\nland, and now is the possessor of 1,600 acres, contain\\ning five houses and eight barns. Everything around\\nhim betokens the man of thrift and cultivated taste,\\nfrom the elegant brick house, with fine fountain and\\nattractive surroundings to the farthermost field.\\nOn his farm is a beautiful grove, twelve acres of\\nwhich are included in an elk and deer park, established\\nsome twenty years since by procuring one pair of elk\\nfrom Iowa, and one pair of deer, also from the West.\\nSince that time he has sold $1,000 worth of elk, seven\\nof which were sold to King Emmanuel, of Italy, who\\nsent a war vessel for them and numerous other animals\\nof this country, he had purchased for his park of\\nfifteen hundred acres, where they doubtless are to this\\nday. The park is surrounded partially with a higli\\npicket and the balance with a rail fence. It is most\\nbeautifully sodded, and is supplied with water from a\\nspring, and it is an attractive sight to see these deni-\\nzens of the wild roaming around at pleasure with\\ntheir young capering at their side. Nearly opposite\\nhis residence is a chestnut orchard of 100 trees, set\\nout regularly, which is now bearing finely, the nuts\\nbeing larger and finer than the seed procured some\\ntwelve years since from East Tennessee, they com-\\nmencing to bear at the age of nine years. Thirty\\nacres of fruit trees much more than supplies the\\nnecessities of the household. Around his residence is\\nplanted a row of native pines which although only\\nfifteen inches high when set out, now measure more\\nthan thirty-two feet across the tops. They not only\\ntell their age, but do service as a yearly barometer,\\nplainly indiciting the wet and dry seasons for each\\nyear is sent forth a row of limbs encircling the trunk,\\nand if the season is wet the growth may exceed two\\nfeet to the next years outshoots, bat if dry, or very\\ndry, the growth is proportionately small. Very\\nfine stock of all kinds can be found grazing over the\\nfarm, while among the bovines, grazing as quietly as if\\nupon the wild prairies of the West, will be found several\\nbuffalo, which adds a certain picturesqueness to the\\nscene.\\nExactly opposite his residence, which is on a\\ncorner, is the finely-built storehouse, from which radi-\\nate two rows of arbor vita-. We doubt if Michigan can\\nproduce another farm that can compare with this.\\nI. A. Bonine, son of J. E., possesses a farm south\\nof his father s, and completes the list of Bonines,\\nthey possessing in the aggregate a very large amount\\nof real estate.\\nS. S. Ashcraft came in in 1840, from Berrien\\nCounty, and purchased one of the old farms, on\\nSection 20, while Samuel Thomas, of whom mention\\nhas been made, came in in 18-12, and removed to St.\\nJoseph County in 18.50, where he died in 1856,\\nhis son, Silas H., residing on Section 34. Harmon\\nBelong, who came from Steuben County, N. Y., in\\n1847, is the husband of Caroline (James), her father\\ncoming here in about 1840. When in the fall of\\n1846, Mr. George Longsdaft came from Logan\\nCounty, Ohio, Vandalia, his present residence, had\\nno existence at that time, and having worked to\\nobtain the money by chopping wood, he purchased a\\nnew farm and cleared up the same. He cut the tail\\nrace to the first mill erected in Vandalia, and now is\\nPresident of this village. John Hollister came from\\nLivingston County the same year and purchased the\\nfarm on which he now lives, it being at that time all\\nwoods, and he knows what it is to haul wheat to Con-\\nstantino at 50 cents per bushel. Forty-four years\\nago, John N. Jones came from Ohio and settled in\\nPorter Township. His daughter Emily, married S.\\nCurtis, whose father came in one year previous. After\\na short residence in Porter, they moved to Penn, and\\nin 1866 Mr. Curtis died, leaving his wife with two\\nsmall children on a farm with but forty acres cleared,\\nan unfinished house, no barn, and an incumbrance of\\n$1,900. With a brave heart, she set to work, and to-\\nday has a farm in good shape, with good buildings\\nand no incumbrance. Her son, J. N. Curtis, who\\nworks the farm, assisted his mother soon as old\\nenough, her daughter having married some time\\nsince.\\nIn 1848, Amos Smith came from Erie County,\\nPenn. Twenty of the last thirty years he has spent\\nas school teacher, and is now, and has been for a\\nnumber of years. County Surveyor. The first land\\nhe possessed was eighty acres in Kent County, which\\nwas given in payment for forty days work, making\\na road through the marsji west of Vandalia. Being\\nunusually expert as a driver of oxen he was given\\nmore wages than ordinary hands. He now possesses\\na farm in this township and makes a specialty of\\nfruits, having 1,000 apple trees, 100 peach, 50\\npears, 125 chestnut trees, all in fine condition.\\nI Reason L. Pemberton and his brother Joseph came\\nI toCassCounty with their uncle in December, 1885, and,\\n1 staying less than one year, he went to Henry Coun-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0357.jp2"}, "358": {"fulltext": "252\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nty, Ind., returning, however, in 1840. Since that time,\\nhe has been officially identified with the township as\\nSupervisor, Treasurer, Clerk and Justice of the\\nPeace, which office he now holds, while fulfilling the\\npart of mine hoste to the Vandalia House at j\\nVandalia.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Jacob Mplntosh, son of William, went to the rescue\\nof our country in the time of her distress, and enlisted\\nAugust 7, 1861, in the Sixth Michigan Infantry was\\nafterward transferred to the heavy artillery, and served\\nfor three years, when he was honorably discharged,\\nhaving been promoted to Sergeant, May 27, 1863;\\nwas wounded by a minie ball above his right knee,\\nbut not severely enough to disable him. He was at\\nthe siege of Port Hudson, battle of Baton Rouge, etc.\\nRichard Stewart, a successful farmer, was born in\\nVirginia, and, when ten years old, went with his par-\\nents to Tennessee in 1824, to Ohio, and, 1860, to\\nCass County. He had five sons in the army, two of\\nwhom died there.\\nGeorge Moon, father of B. Franklin, came into the\\ncounty in 1846, and died in 1878. B. F., who is on\\nthe old homestead, is now living with his third wife, for-\\nmerly U. H. Overmyers. He had one son by first\\nwife, John F., and four children by his second, of\\nwhom Reuben J. is at home.\\nThomas J. Casterline was one of the first settlers in\\nthe timber lands bordering on the northwest corner of\\nYoung s Prairie, only four families preceding him a\\nwidow lady named Mary Hunter, who had been there\\nsome time, and came from Ohio, Albert White and Na-\\nthaniel Casterline, the latter came from Allegany\\nCounty, N. in 1843, and Hiram Wyatt; and, in\\nthe fall of 1844, two additional families a Mr. Van-\\nwart and Gabriel Hathaway both building their log\\ncabins in the woods the former was a blacksmith, and\\nthe latter a carpenter and joiner by trade, each being\\nquite an acquisition to the settlement. Mr. Caster-\\nline first mentioned came from Seneca County, N. Y.,\\nin the fall of 1844, and settled where he now resides.\\nIn the spring, he erected a log cabin, and commenced\\nto clear his land, at the same time abandoning the\\npractice of medicine, excepting in cases of urgent ne-\\ncessity. Even at this late date, they were accustomed\\nto go to Niles, twenty miles distant, and St. Joseph,\\nabout forty miles, to do their principal marketing\\nox teams being the most used notwithstanding it had\\nbeen many years since the settlement of Young s Prai-\\nrie and the erection of the county seat at Cassopolis\\nthe principal market then in the county.\\nIn 1829, George Jones and his wife Lydia (Hob-\\nson) became settlers on Young s Prairie. Their sons\\nHenry, Charles, Nathan and George, and two daugh-\\nters, also came to the township. The old gentleman\\ndied at his home in Penn, in 1834. He was born in\\nGeorgia in 1770. He was an early settler in South-\\neastern Ohio Preble and Butler Counties and it\\nwas from the latter county that the family emigrated to\\nMichigan. Henry, the oldest son, was married when\\nhe came to the State, his wife being Hannah (Greene).\\nHe died in 1850, in his sixty-first year. His children\\nwere Esther (Nixon), now in Penn Lydia, Rebecca\\nand Elizabeth (all three of whom are deceased) Amos,\\na resident since 1853 of La Grange Township Phebe,\\n(deceased); George, in Marcel 1 us Hannah and\\nAbigail (deceased) Henry, in Oregon Jesse, in\\nPenn and Phineas in Cassopolis.\\nJesse Kelsey and his wife Mary (Decou), from\\nWarren County, Ohio, settled in Jamestown, Penn\\nTownship, in 1837. They were married in 1831.\\nAfter residing in Michigan eight or ten years, they\\nmoved back to Ohio, and from there went in 1853 to\\nIowa, where the husband died in 1869. The widow\\nreturned to Cass County in 1872, and married George\\nMoon, and after his decease was united with her pres-\\nent husband, Hiram Warner.\\nChristopher J. Stamp and his wife, Caroline (Slor-\\nrow), now deceased, came from Steuben County, N.\\nY., and settled in Porter in 1844, their children at\\nthat time being John, Mary J., James H., Caroline,\\nMaria and Nancy. Since then, Martin, Martha and\\nEugene have been born. Their son, James H., moved\\nto Penn Townshipjn 1854, and represented his town-\\nship as Supervisor in 1875-76. He was elected\\nSherifi in 1876, on the Republican ticket. Although\\nretaining his farm in Penn, he resides in Cassopolis.\\nC. M. Osborn, formerly a resident of Chautauqua\\nCounty, N. Y., but later of Berrien County, this State,\\ncame to Penn Village in 1860, and is conducting a\\nmercantile business. While a resident of Berrien\\nCounty, he was traveling salesman for marble and\\nsewing machines. His first wife, Harriet L. Mont-\\ngomery, died in Wisconsin. Sophia Tibbetts was the\\nmaiden name of his present wife. He is the father of\\ntwo children Lela, at home, and Mrs. Potter, of\\nNiles. Both his grandparents were old Revolutionary\\nsoldiers, and lived to a ripe old age, ninety-six\\nbeing the age of Daniel Osborn at the time of his\\ndeath.\\nJoshua G. Johnson came in the township in 1852,\\nfrom New York State. His wife s (Emiline Hinshaw)\\nfather was an old pioneer, coming in 1832.\\nDr. L. Osborn, son of Josiali Osborn, formerly of\\nKnox County, Tenn., is now a practicing physician\\nin Vandalia, and one of its prominent men. He is\\nidentified with every good work, besides being officially\\nconnected with the village, of which he has been a\\nresident since 1852.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0358.jp2"}, "359": {"fulltext": "V/fA. JO^lES-\\nfApi^ -A/JA. JO,kJES,\\ni\u00c2\u00aeS2giM^5:\u00c2\u00bb:\u00e2\u0080\u00a2 ^^\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00ab-as JS^^\\n^f -J-T^-^\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0mi :^.VJ*i\\nI t\\nI^ES I D E [vj C E OF v/lLLIAj^ J0^ ES, PE N( M, MiCM\\ntOiiff ..t -y^", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0359.jp2"}, "360": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0360.jp2"}, "361": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nIn 1857, L. F. Williams came from St. Joseph\\nCounty, and settled in this county. He is now en-\\ngaged in agricultural pursuits.\\nThe following embraces the original land entries\\nSection 1.\\nRobert Meek, St. Joseph County, Mich., July 13, 183r, 119\\nWilliam Meek, St Joseph County, Mich., July 13, 1836 78\\nAbijah Hinshaw, Cass County, Mich., Deo. 10, 1836 80\\nJohn R. Keller, Cass County, Mich Deo. 18, 1848 40\\nSection 2.\\nJames Martin, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 24, 1836 40\\nHankinson Ashby, St. Joseph County, Mich., March 7, 1836, 120\\nJeremiah Rudd, Rutland County, Vt., July 13, 1836 80\\nZebedee Mosher, Cass County, Mich., March 1, 1837 66\\nHarling Bixby, Cass County, Mich., May 28, 1846 137\\nBhoby Fish, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 3, 1848 30\\nHiram Emory, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 5, 18.50 40\\nSection 3.\\nMarverick Rudd, Cass County, Mich., July 13, 1836 80\\nSamuel C. Olmsted, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 15, 1837 76\\nSylvester Olmsted, Cass County, Mich Feb. 15, 1837 80\\nNathan Caswell New York City, April 6, 1837 76\\nElias Whitcomb, Cass County, Mich., June 17, 1837 80\\nJason Thursten, St. Joseph County, Mich., Sept. 4, 1837 80\\nDavid M. Howell and Joshua Lofiand, Cass County, Mich.,\\nOct. 2, 1848 80\\nSection 4.\\nAmus Northrop, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 12, 1836 160\\nHorace Nicholson, Cass County, Mich., March 6, 1837 40\\nOramel Griffin, Allegany County, N. Y., April 3, 1837 430\\nSection 5.\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., May 28, 1836 316\\nJames Phelps, Calhoun County, Mich., Jan. 28, 1837 160\\nHorace Nicholson, Cass County, Mich., March 6, 1837 40\\nAllen Ayrault, Livingston County, N. Y., July 25, 1837 115\\nSection 6.\\nDavid Brooks, Cass County, Mich., June 30, 1831 137\\nLawrence, Imlay Beach, Onondaga County, N. Y., May 30,\\n1836 453\\nSection 7.\\nWilliam McCleary, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 14, 1830 160\\nLawrence, Imlay Beach, May 28, 1836 297\\nIsaiah Atkins, Washington County, Vt., July 23, 1836 80\\nWalter Clark, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Jan. 30, 1837 57\\nSf.i-tiojj 8.\\nGeorge Jones, Jr.. Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 17, 1829 80\\nEzra Hinchey, Cass County, Mich., July 7, 18.30 160\\nJohn Townsend, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 9, 1834 80\\nMartha Townsend, Cass County, Mich., .March 7, 1836 40\\nEpaphro Ransom, Kalamazoo County, Mich., May 28, 1836... 240\\nJames Phelps, Calhoun County, Mich., Jan. 28, 1837 40\\nSection 9.\\nHenry Whited, Lenawee County, Mich., July 2, 1829 160\\nGeorge .lones, Jr., Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 17, 1829 160\\nJohn Townsend, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 4, 1833 80\\nThompson Smith, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 11, 1835 40\\nAmos Green, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1835 40\\nTomlinson Booth, New York City, May 27, 1836 160\\nSection 10.\\nAmos Green, Cass County, Mich., Deo. 29, 1835 80\\nJames Price, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 5, 1836 40\\nTomlinson Booth, New York City, May 27, 1836 480\\nJeremiah Rudd, Rutland County, Vt., July 13, 1836 40\\nSection 11.\\nDavid Tomlinson, Schenectady County, N. Y., July 13, 1836. 320\\nDe Forest Manice, New York City, July 13, 1836 320\\nSection 12.\\nD. Tomlinson, July 13, 183(i, entire 638\\nSection 13.\\nSamuel Thompson, Cass (^unty, Mich., Nov. 18, 1835 40\\nJames Martin, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 24, 1836 40\\nStephen Rudd, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 24, 1836 40\\nChristopher R. Roberts, New York City, July 13, 1836 240\\nChristopher R. Roberts, New York City, July 13, 1836 229\\nJacob Keen, Cass County, Mich., May 2, 1863 36\\nSection 14.\\nMichael Collins, Cais County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1835 40\\nMichael Collins, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 13, 1836 40\\nDe Forest Manice, New York City, July 13, 1836 560\\nSection 15.\\nThomas England, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 5, 1831 80\\nGeorge Jones, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 12, 1831 80\\nCharlotte Lamb, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 24, 1836 40\\nBoyd Byron, Highland County, Ohio, April 28, 1836 120\\nTomlinson Booth, New York City, May 27, 1836 320\\nSection 16.\\nSchool Lands.\\nSection 17.\\nGeorge Jones, Butler County, Ohio, June 17, 1829, entire 640\\nSection 18.\\nWilliam McCleary, Tuscarawas County, Ohio, June 17, 1829, 80\\nGeorge Jones, Butler County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 139\\nWilliam Justice, Lenawee County, Mich,, July 13, 1829 160\\nTomlinson Booth, New York City, May 27, 1836 57\\nEpaphro. Ransom, Kalamazoo County, Mich., May 28, 1836.. 160\\nSection 19.\\nJohn Nicholson, Wayne County, Ind., June 17, 1829 160\\nCharles .Tones, Preble County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 300\\nJacob Miller, Lenawee County, Mich., July 13, 1829 140\\nSection 20.\\nCharles Jones, Preble County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 80\\nCharles Jones, Preble County, Ohio, Aug. 17, 1829 160\\nGeorge Jones, Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 17, 1829 80\\nMirtin Shields, Lenawee (bounty, Mich., June 17, 1829 160\\nIsaac Commons, Wayne County, Ind., June 17, 1829 80\\nJohn Nicholson, Wayne County, Ind., June 17, 1829 80\\nSection 21.\\nJohn N. Dimald, Lenawee County, Mich., June 17, 1829 160\\nThomas England, Warren County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 160\\nGeorge Jones, Jr., Butler (Jounty, Ohio, Aug. 17, 1829 80\\nGeorge Jones, Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 17, 1829 240\\nSection 22.\\nThomas England, June 17, 1829 80\\nJohn N. Donald, Aug. 17, 1829 80\\nJohn Price, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 27, 1830 80\\nGeorge Shaffer, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1834 40", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0361.jp2"}, "362": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nMartin Harle83, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1834 40\\nB. A. Pemberton, .St. Joseph County, Mich., Nov. 2-3, 183-5... 80\\nDrury .Jones, Cass County, Mich., .Ian. 31, 1837 40\\nGeorge Goodman, Berrien County, Mich., Jan. 31, 1837 40\\nSamuel H. Whipple, Washtenaw County, Mich., March 9,\\n1837 160\\nSection 23.\\nThomas Kirk, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 1, 1832 40\\nThomas Kirk, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 5, 183(1 40\\nMartin Harless, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 4, 1833 40\\nWilliam Bacon. Ontario County, N. Y., Sept. 5, 1835 160\\nJoseph Pemberton. St. Joseph County, Mich., Nov. 23, 183-5, 240\\nAbram Ashby, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 16, 183.5 40\\nJames Price, Cass County, Mich., March 13, 1837 40\\nTimothy Straw, Hopkinton, N. H., May 24, 1837 40\\nSection 24.\\nThomas Kirk, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 5, 1836 80\\nHankenson Ashby, St. Joseph County, March 7, 1836 40\\nJason Powell. Calhoun County, Dec. 10, 1836 47\\nWilliam A. Mills. Livingstone County, N Y., Feb. 1, 1837.... 113\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Feb. 1, 1837 224\\nSection 25.\\nMartin Shields, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 6, 1836 80\\nStephen Rudd, Cass County, .Mich., Feb. 6, 1836 80\\nStephen Rudd, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 24, 1836 40\\nEphraim Rogers, Rutland County, N. T July 17, 1836 ICO\\nJason Powell, Calhoun County, Dec. 10, 1836 80\\nBarker F. Rudd, Cass County. Mich.. Dec. 14, 1836 80\\nLorenzo Little, Cayuga County, N. Y., Feb. 1, 1837 120\\nSection 26.\\nThomas E. O Dell. Cass I ounty, Mich., March 2, 1833 40\\nThomas E. O Dell, Cass County, Mich., July 10. 1834 40\\nEdward Byram. Highland County, Ohio, Dec. 14, 1833 160\\nAbram Ashby, Cass County. Mich., Dec. 16 1835 80\\nDaniel Mcintosh. Cass County, Mi.h., Feb. 6, 1836 80\\nBarker F. Rudd, Cass County. Mich., Feb. 8, 1836 80\\nBarker F. Rudd, Cass County, Mich.. Feb. 18, 1836 40\\nCharles Jones, Cass County, Mich,, Aug. 31, 1835 80\\nTimothy Straw, Hopkinton, N. H., May 24, 1837 40\\nSection 27.\\nJohn Rinehart, Lenawee County, June 17, 1829 ICO\\nGeorge Jones, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 4, 1830 160\\nBenjamin Bogue, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 18, 18.30 80\\nLewis Boon, Oass County, Mich., June 7, 1831 80\\nJones Bogue, Cass County, .Mich., Dec. 28, 18 11 80\\nDrury Jones, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 9, 1837 80\\nSection 28.\\nJohn Rinehart, Lenawee County, June 17, 1829 IBO\\nJohn N. Donald, Lenawee County. June 17, 1829 80\\nSamuel Boyles, Wayne County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 80\\nCharles Jones, Preble County, Ohio, Aug. 17, 1829 80\\nGeorge Jones, Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 17,1829 80\\nJoseph Frakes, diss County, Mich., March 1, 1830 80\\nWilliam Jones, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 21, 1835 40\\nAmos Smith, Cass County. Mich., May 2, 1853 40\\nSection 29.\\nDaniel Mcintosh, Wayne County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 160\\nBoyles Mcintosh, Wayne County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 80\\nStephen Bogne, Preble County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 160\\nStephen Bogue, PrebleCounty, Ohio, Sept. .5, 1829 80\\nMartin Shields, Ciss County, Mich., .March U, 1829 80\\nDaniel Mcintosh, Jr., Cass County. Mich., .May 10. 1830 SO\\nSeption 30.\\nIsaac Commons, Wayne County, Ind., June 17, 1829.\\nGeorge Jones. Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 17, 1829 78\\nEbenezer S. Sibley, Wayne County, Mich., June 2, 1830 17\\nAbel I. McCleary, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 14, 1830. 80\\nRobert Clark, Jr., .St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 1, 1831.... 61\\nH. L. A. C. Stewart, St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 1,\\n1831 80\\nAlexander D. Anderson, Monroe County, Mich., Jan. 1, 1831 61\\nSection 31.\\nSamuel Boyles, Wayne County, Ohio, June 17, 1829...\\nHenry H. Fowler, Cass County, Mich, May 10, 1830.\\n40\\n91\\nLevi F. Arnold, St. Joseph County, Ind., Nov. 10, 1830 17\\nJob Wright Cass County, Mich., Island in Diamond Lake,\\nMay 1.5, 1832 ,39\\nSection 32.\\nBoyles .Mclnlosh, Wayne ounty, Ohio, June 17, 1829 54\\nDaniel McInto,sh, Jr., Cass County, Mich May 10, 1830 46\\nWilliam Mcintosh, Cass County, Mich June 21, 1831 Ill\\nWilliam Mcintosh, Cass County, Mich.. July 8, 1831 74\\nJohn McDaniel, Cass County, Mich., July 8, 1835 61\\nSection 33.\\nJesse Gardner, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 18, 1830 160\\nJonathan Colyar, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 1, 18-36 80\\nWilliam .Mcintosh, Cass County, .Mich., Feb. 1, 1836 80\\nWilliam Hannahs. Otsego County, N. Y., July 25, 1830 320\\nSection 34.\\nJohn Carpenter, Logan County, Ohio, June 17, 1829 80\\nThomas E. O Dell, Cass County, .Mich.. March 8, 1832 80\\nJohn Kelsey, Cass County, Mich.. April 8. 1833 40\\nThomas E. O Dell, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 25, 1834 40\\nSandford L. Collins, Monroe County, Jan, 8, 18.36 120\\nEdward Byram, Highland County, Ohio, Feb. 25, 1836 40\\nJohn W. Odell, Cass County, Mich., .March 16, 1836 40\\n.Spencer Nicholson, Rutland County, Vt., July 6, 1836 80\\nTruman Kilborn, Rutland County, Vt., July 25, 1836 80\\nJames Mcintosh, Rutland County, Vt., Dec. 14, 1836 40\\nSection 35.\\nJonathan Donnel, Cass County, Mich., May 26, 1830 80\\nAndrew riohnson, Cass County, Mich,, April 29, 1835 40\\nThomas E. O Dell, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 17, 1835 48\\nJames O Dell, Cass County, Mich., .-Vpril 28, 1836 64\\nRoUaT. Cushing, Washtenaw County, Jan. 28, 1837 118\\nJames O Dell, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 1, 1836 159\\nSection 36.\\nRobt. E. Ward, Berrien County, Feb. 23, 1836 25\\nEphraim Rogers, Rutland County, Vt., July 7, 1836 59\\nMicajah Grennell. Cass County. Mich.. Dec. 14. 1836 157\\nIshmael Lee, Cass County. Mich., Jan. 21, 1837 71\\nRoUa T. Cushing, Washtenaw County, Jan. 23. 1837 84\\nMicajah Grennell, Cass County, June 8, 1837 45\\nSTOCK MARKS.\\nMany of the early settlers were possessed of more\\nstock than could find sustenance in their fenced fields,\\nand as they were allowed to run at large, it was\\nnecessary to have some marks by which they could be\\nrecognized.\\nThe devices for marking stock were many and in-\\ngenious, yet the ears of the poor animals were badly", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0362.jp2"}, "363": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nmutilated, and the society for the prevention of\\ncruelty to animals would, in the new settlements,\\nhave found an ample field for work. Fortunately, the\\ncustom of cropping, splitting and punching\\nthe ears of sheep, hogs and cattle has nearly gone out\\nof date, and is only known to the pages of the records,\\nwhere can be found a description of them, it being\\nnecessary to record them so that two individuals\\nwould not adopt the same device. The following\\ndescription of some of the marks adopted will be read\\nwith interest by future generations\\nJune 13, 1835. Samuel Coxe s mark a slit in\\neach ear.\\nDecember 21, 1835. Neahmiah Dunn s mark a\\ncrop off the left ear, and slit in each ear.\\nApril 6, 1833. Henry H. Fowler s mark a hole\\nin the right ear.\\nMarch 22, 1834. Amos Green s mark a crop oflf\\nthe right ear, and slit in left ear.\\nDecember 21, 1835. Jacob Hill s mark square\\ncrop off the left ear, and swallow fork in the right ear.\\nJanuary 13, 1836. Martin Harris mark\u00e2\u0080\u0094 two\\ncrops, two under-bita in each ear.\\nOctober 2-4, 1853. .John Hollister s mark half\\ncircle in the forward part of the right ear.\\nFebruary 14, 1848. George W. Jones mark a\\nround hole in each ear.\\nAugust 26, 1847. Joshua Leaches mark a\\nsquare crop off the left ear, swallow fork in right ear,\\nand under-bit in the same.\\nSeptember 16, 1834. James O Dell s mark a\\nswallow fork in right ear.\\nMarch 15, 1836. B. A. Pemberton s mark a\\nhalf crop out of the under side of the right ear, and\\nupper-bit out of the same.\\nJanuary 18, 1844. Charles 0. Lamb s mark a\\ncrop off and slit and under-bit in right ear.\\nVANDALIA.\\nThe present site of the village of Vandalia was\\nowned by Stephen Bogue, and he and G. P. Ball built\\na grist-mill here in 1848-49, and January 3, 1857,\\nlaid out the village.\\nAbraham Sigerfoos was the first settler and became\\nthe village blacksmith. Asa Kingsbury was the first\\nmerchant, and T. J. Wilcox the first Postmaster. It\\nis located on the Air Line Division of the Michigan\\nCentral Railroad, and is a pleasant little village of 439\\ninhabitants and has its share of the business of this\\nportion of the county. It now contains two general\\nstores, one drug store, three drug and grocery stores,\\none dry goods and clothing store, one clothing store,\\ntwo hardware stores, two millinery establishments, one\\nurniture and one stationery store one harness, one\\ncooper, two blacksmith, one wagon, one shoemaker,\\nand one butcher shop; one foundry and one grist-mill,\\ntwo hotels, viz., the Townsend House, kept by C. R.\\nDodge, and the Vandalia House, kept by R. S. Pem-\\nberton one livery, kept by G. R. Anderson one\\nprivate banking house, conducted by G. J. Townsend.\\nThe professions are represented by five physicians\\nand one attorney. It contains three churches and one\\nMasonic Lodge hereinafter mentioned. The village\\nwas incorporated in 1875, and the following officers\\nfirst elected President, George J. Townsend Trust-\\nees, J. B. Lutz, George Longsduff, Gideon Osborn,\\nJohn H. East, Leander Osborn, W. F. Boot Mar-\\nshal, N. J. Crosby Clerk, J. L. Sturr. The presen offi-\\ncers (1882) are President, George Longsduff; Trust-\\nees, George J. Townsend, Peter Snyder, 0. C. Gren-\\nnell, Leander Osborn, George W. Van Antwerp, Will-\\niam Mulrira Clerk, J. L. Sturr Marshal, Steven\\nA. Bogue.\\nJune 14, 1881, William A. DeGroot established\\nthe Vandalia Journal, a five column quarto, as will\\nappear in the general history.\\nFRIEND.S MONTHLY MEETING.\\nNearly all the members of this meeting were former\\nmembers of the Monthly Meeting, established on\\nYoung s Prairie in 1841, and they retained their\\nmembership there until the present edifice was com-\\npleted they, however, held meetings on the grounds\\nnow occupied by the present meeting for three years.\\nIn July, 1879, James E. Bonine, Silas H. Thomas,\\nHenry Coat, W. E. Bogue and S. A. Bogue, were ap-\\npointed a building committee. The meeting house was\\ncompleted and dedicated December 28, 1879, by\\nRobert W. Douglass, of Wilmington, Ohio, and the\\nbuilding committee appointed trustees. The building\\nis of brick, 34x57, with a twenty feet ceiling, sur-\\nmounted by a belfry, and presents a very fine appear-\\nance, the cost of construction being $5,250.\\nHeni-y Coate, the present minister, has been with\\nthe church since its first informal organization. The\\nchurch officials are\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Elders, J. E. Bonine, Sarah A.\\nBonine, Silas H. Thomas, Elvira B. Thomas. Over-\\nseers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 S. A. Bogue, Ira East, Mary Russey, Mabel\\nEast. Clerk VV. E. Bogue Treasurer\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Peter Sny-\\nder. The Sunday school contains 100 scholars,\\ntaught by eight teachers, and is officered as followed\\nSuperintendent, Henry Coat Secretary. S. A.\\nBogue Treasurer, Lot Bonine.\\nCHRISTIAN CHURCH.\\nFor about fifteen years member.s of this religious\\ndenomination held religious services, first, in private\\nhouses, and later in the schoolhouse, until April 7, 18.54,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0363.jp2"}, "364": {"fulltext": "256\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwhen they were regularly organized by Rev. David\\nMiller, with Ephraim Alexander and Julius E. Nich-\\nolson as Elders, John Alexander as Deacon, and that\\nsame year built their present church edifice, which\\nfrom time to time has been improved, until now its value\\nis estimated to be $2,.500. The county records show\\nits legal organization to have been perfected March\\n15, 1855, with Ephraim Alexander, John Hurd,\\nStephen Jones, John Hcllister, Reason S. Pemberton\\nand John Alexander as Trustees. The present\\nofficers are, Elders, John Hollister and John Alexan-\\nder Deacons, George Green and George Wilson\\nClerk, Mary S. Hollister, and now has a membership\\nof 100, while a flourishing Sunday school of seventy\\nscholars and has, as Superintendent, G. J. Townsend-\\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nIn 1831, a Methodist minister named Felton\\nerected a house on the ground now occupied for\\nthat purpose by John Moon, and commenced preach-\\ning. Since that time, services have been held\\nat irregular intervals at private and school houses,\\nwith no regular place of worship. The schoolhouse\\nat Vandalia long did service in this capacity, for many\\nyears the minister in charge at Cassopolis serving\\nthem as pastor. In the fall of 1876, the church was\\nre-organized by Rev. J. W. H. Carlyle, the first\\nTrustees elected being John Lutes, A. Bristol, Will-\\niam F. Bort, Isaac ReifT, L. Osborn. In 1877, the\\ncorner-stone to the present building was laid by Rev.\\nMr. Joy, of Niles, and the edifice completed that\\nyear, and the dedicatory sermon preached by Rev.\\nMr. Eldred, and the congregation rejoiced in the pos-\\nsession of a church home. The church now has a\\nmembership of about forty.\\nThe present Board of Trustees is composed of A.\\nBristol, H. H. Phillips, Eli Bump, L. Osborn, and\\n1. Reiff. Rev. Mr. Robinson was their pastor\\nfor 1881. The church was first legally, organized\\nJune 17, 1858, with M. P. Grennell, David J. Whit-\\nney, Harrison Launburgh, Joseph Jones and William\\nRussay as Trustees.\\nA flourishing Sunday school of sixty members has\\nas Superintendent E. Reed. Through the influence\\nof the Red Ribbon Society, organized some four years\\nsince, who have simply enforced the laws, the liquor\\ntraffic has been driven from Vandalia. It has a mem- j\\nbership of 100, who have selected Dr. L. Osborn as\\nPresident. They now have no active work to perform, i\\nbut keep up the organization against a time of need.\\nThe society possesses a fine organ.\\nMASONIC.\\nVandalia Masonic Lodge, No. 290, was chartered\\nin 1871, the charter members being Amos Smith,\\nPeter Snyder, George Longsduff, E. C. Cobb, Leander\\nOsborn, G. S. Osborn, J. B. Lutes, John Lutes,\\nCharles F. Smith, John H. East, R. S. Pemberton,\\nJohn Klyne, George Green, William H. H. Pember-\\nton, William Muline. The first officers were: Amos\\nSmith, W. M.; George Longsduff S. W.; Charles F.\\nSmith, J. W.; G. S. Osborn, Treasurer; J. B. Lutes,\\nSecretary J. H. East, S. D.; R. S. Pemberton, J.\\nD.; William Muline, Tiler. The lodge now numbers\\nforty-eight members, and is in good working order,\\nwith the following officers George Longsduff W. M.\\nLeander Osborn, S. W.; George L. Duff y, J. W.\\nPeter Snyder, Treasurer; H. A. Snyder, Secretary\\nJ. H. East, S. D.; F. M. Dennison, J. D.; James\\nSalpan, Tiler. The hall is very tastefully furnished\\nwith a Masonic emblem carpet and other necessary\\nadjuncts to the fraternity. The present Master has\\nheld that ancient and honorable position since the\\norganization of the lodge, except three years, which\\nspeaks volumes for his efficiency. The present Treas-\\nurer has held that position, with the exception of one\\nyear, since the organization of the lodge, while the\\nSecretary, Mr. Snyder, has for five out of six years\\nrecorded the proceedings of the lodge.\\nGENEVA, THE LOST VILLAGE.\\nGeneva, the embryo village, now exists only in the\\nimagination of the oldest pioneers of the county. Its\\nephemeral existence was signalized by the great activ-\\nity of its inhabitants, who had ambitions great and\\nlofty concerning its future all of which were doomed\\nto be blasted, and the traveler, as he wends his way\\npast Diamond Lake, would never imagine that he was\\npassing by land once platted for a city, and what was\\nonce the county seat of Cass County.\\nIn 1830, Martin C. Whitman, Hart L. Stewart and\\nCol. Sibley, Commissioners, appointed by Gov. Por-\\nter, located the county seat at Geneva on the bank of\\nDiamond Lake, which had previously been laid out\\nand platted by Abner Kelsey, Mr. Silsby, Dr. H. H.\\nFowler, Mr. Hartwell and Alanson Stewart, who sold\\nlots from $10 to $25, and gave away others to actual\\nsettlers. A spirit of envy was generated by others,\\nwho had land for sale, and, the following year, a new\\nBoard of Commissioners were appointed, who by shrewd\\nmanagement were induced to locate the county seat at\\nCassopolis, where it now is. The first store was opened\\nin 1830, by Mr. Agard, the goods for which were\\nbrought by Daniel Mcintosh and George Meacham\\nfrom Detroit to Edwardsburg, and then removed to\\nGeneva. The time occupied in procuring the goods was\\none month, three yoke of oxen being attached to each\\nwagon, that driven by Mr. Mcintosh weighing 66,000\\npounds coming to a very steep hill, the oxen abso-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0364.jp2"}, "365": {"fulltext": "GEORGE J. TOVV^^fSE^JD.\\n^ffji ^^m^\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0f*\\nf\\\\ES|DFf. CE OF JESSE G. JOKE S, PElsIK; JVIICH.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0365.jp2"}, "366": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0366.jp2"}, "367": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n257\\nlutely refused to ascend it a little strategy was resorted\\nto, which accomplished the purpose. A bag of corn\\nwas spilled on the ground on top of the hill, and the\\no.xen allowed to eat about one-half, when, on being at-\\ntached to the wagons, they settled into their yokes\\nand drew the loads readily, so anxious were they to\\nfinish their repast. The St. Joseph River offered an-\\nother impediment, but by laying logs along the bol-\\nsters and with jack-screws raising the loads upon them\\nthey were enabled to ford the river, the cattle swim-\\nming, without injuring the goods.\\nIn the fall of 1830, Nathan Baker opened a\\nblacksmith-shop, and, in 1833 or 1834, commenced\\nthe manufacture of cast-plows, which was the first\\nfurnace in the county. The iron used in the black-\\nsmith-shop and foundry was brought in wagons from\\nOhio.\\nSoon after Mr. Baker, his son-inlaw, John White,\\ncame, who was a blacksmith, and worked at the busi-\\nness with his father-in-law. Their business proved a\\ndecided success, and its development kept pace with\\nthe growth and wants of the country. For nearly\\ntwenty years, the Baker plow was the only one in\\nuse in the county, excepting the Bull plow, which\\nit superseded.. They added, also, in time, the manu-\\nfacture of cultivators, shovel-plows, and other agricult-\\nural implements.\\nUpon the decline of Geneva, the shops were moved\\nto Cassopolis, and formed a leading feature of her pros-\\nperity. In 1832, Mr. Agard was succeeded by Ira\\nNash, who carried on the business for a number of\\nyears Daniel and Abner Kelsey also sold goods for\\na time. A tailor, by the name of King, followed his\\navocation for a time. Nelson Shields worked at cabi-\\nnetmaking, and William Williams at carpenter work.\\nThe place never contained a church or schoolhouse,\\nbut a school was taught in a private house. The at-\\ntractions of Cassopolis, however, proved disasterous to\\nthe future of Geneva, and it commenced to dwindle\\naway until after a time nothing remained to colii-\\nmemorate its rise and fall. Ira Nash, who was one\\nof its prominent merchants, died in Kalamazoo in\\n1880. Baker went Westand died. White was kicked\\nin the stomach by a horse and killed at a vendue, held\\nat the Alexander place now owned by James Dowels;\\nand so all of those who were prominently identified\\nwith the lost village have died or moved away.\\nPENN.\\nUpon the completion of the Grand Trunk Railroad,\\nParker James, son of Isaac James, built a store and com-\\nmenced the sale of groceries, his father, on whose land\\nthe village is located, having laid it out November 12,\\nH. S. Kogeni, History of Caes County.\\n1869. This store has changed hands several times,\\nand now is owned by C. M. Osborn, who carries a\\ngeneral stock of goods, and does considerable business.\\nHe is also Postmaster of the village, which originally\\nbore the name of Jamestown, in honor of Mr. James,\\nbut which has been changed to Penn. The post\\noffice since its establishment has been known as\\nPenn. According to the last census, it contained a\\npopulation of 100, not having gained any for several\\nyears, its location preventing its ever being more\\nthan a side station. It contains a shoe shop, wagon\\nshop, blacksmith shop and saw-mill. It contains one\\nchurch edifice\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the Friends The Friends meet-\\nings were first held at the house of George Jones, a\\nMr. Benjamin Cox, of Indiana, sometimes officiating.\\nAt the house of Stephen Bogue could frequently have\\nbeen seen religious assemblages, and the first business\\nmeeting of the Friends, in this township, was held in\\nhis house.\\nThe first house of worship was built at Burch Lake,\\nthe Friends of Penn attending there until they built one\\non the prairie, called the Prairie Grove Church, when\\nmonthly meetings were held in these two churches\\nalternately.\\nThe Prairie Meeting House has been abandoned\\nfor a much more commodious and modern structure,\\nerected in the village of Penn in 1880, at an expense\\nof $1,700. The following gentlemen composed the\\nBuilding Committee I. Bonine, J. W. Rinehart, M.\\nJ. Wright and Nathan Jones. There is now settled\\nwithin the church limits a most able and efficient\\nminister, Myron T. Hartley.\\nIt being contrary to the tenets of the Friends\\nmeeting to employ religious instructors, we have no\\nsuccession of pastors to record. The meeting at Penn\\nnow numbers about eighty members, and is in a\\nvery flourishing condition. The present officers\\nare: Clerk, Evan J. East; Overseers, Garret-\\nson and Nathan Wright; Trustees, Isaac Bonine, M.\\nJ. Wright and Nathan Jones. The county records\\ncontain the following record of the first legally organ-\\nized meeting Young s Prairie Monthly Meeting of\\nthe religious Society of Anti-slavery Friends, held\\n10th month, 11th, 1845, unites with and appoints\\nZachariah Shugart, Ashmael Lee and Samuel Thomas,\\nTrustees for said meeting, who are to receive and hold\\nall deeds or titles to meeting houses and burial\\ngrounds, or other estate which may be vested in them\\nand their succes.sors in office, for the use and of the\\nSociety at large. Extracts from meeting of\\naforesaid Society. Subscribing witnes.ses, Stephen\\nBogue and Peter Marmon.\\nThe Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in\\nJanuary, 1880, by Rev. J. Hoyt, with a membership", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0367.jp2"}, "368": {"fulltext": "258\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUiNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nof sixteen. The oflBcers are C. M. Osborn and Joel\\nCross, Stewards; C. M. Osborn, District Steward.\\nThe church now has a membership of twenty. They\\nhave no church building, and worship in the Friends\\nChurch.\\nEARLY ROADS.\\nThe first roads through this new country were those\\nformed by the Indians, and are denominated trails.\\nThese are nearly all obliterated, one being still dis-\\ncernable near Donnel s Lake. The first Road Com-\\nmissioners were H. H. Fowler, Andrew Grubb and J.\\nGard, elected in 1831. They met and declared all\\nsection lines on prairie and openings roads, but they\\nwere not surveyed or formally opened. The first road\\nsurveyed through the township was from Mottville\\nto Cassopolis in June, 1832, John Woolman being the\\nsurveyor, John W. O Dell carrying the chain. This\\nwas known as the old Territorial road and has been\\nnearly all taken up. The next road was from Van-\\ndalia to Constantine. The Road Commissioners next\\nran a road from Young s Prairie to Jones Mill, when\\nothers followed in rapid succession. In 1846, when\\nHenry Jones, David Mcintosh, Isaac Bonine were\\nCommissioners, the roads were nearly all remodeled\\nand located as at present, but it was many years sub-\\nsequent before they were brought to their present state\\nof perfection.\\nCongress appropriated certain lands for the con-\\nstruction of mud roads, and it was placed in the hands\\nof Commissioners to designate the improvements to\\nbe made. In 1848, Joseph Harper took, by sealed\\nbid against all competitors, of David Histed, the Com-\\nmissioner, the contract for constructing about 100\\nrods of road through the marsh on the Constantine\\nand Paw Paw road about two miles west of what is\\nnow Vandalia, for which he was to receive 1,100 acres\\nof land. The contract called for one foot of logs, one\\nfoot of brush and one foot of dirt, there being several\\nfeet of water on the marsh at that time. Mr. Harper\\ntook in, as partner, Daniel Mcintosh, and they sublet\\nit to Richard Lake Bro., who failed to fulfill, and\\nthe contract reverted to Messrs. Harper Mcintosh,\\nwho agreed to raise it six inches higher than the origi-\\nnal contract, and received therefor 320 additional\\nacres of land. The water was so deep that brush was\\nconveyed by boat from the island. Among the first\\nbridges was one constructed by Joseph Harper, across\\nthe Christiana Creek at Vandalia, its place now being\\nsupplied by another structure. Since that period two\\nrailroads have been constructed through the township,\\nknown as the Air Line and Grand Trunk, to\\nboth of which the citizens gave quite liberally, both\\nby donating right of way and private subscriptions.\\nTo the Air Line, of which he was Superintendent,\\nMr. J. E. Bonine devoted three years time, $6,000 right\\nof way, and |6,000 cash. Mr. S. T. Reed devoted his\\nattention especially to the Air Line, to which Nathan\\nJones subscribed $3,000 and paid it, which is an\\nindex of the public spirit of the town, those above\\nmentioned, however, being much the larger subscrib-\\ners, and the right of way, in several cases, it was nec-\\nessary to purchase.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nAlmost simultaneous with the advent of the pioneers\\nwere schools established for the instruction of the\\nyoung. First in private houses, and a more incon-\\nvenient place could not readily be selected, for a house\\nwith one room, in which the household duties of the\\nday were being performed, presented many distracting\\nscenes. Still, necessity made it compulsory, no other\\nplace being available. These soon gave place to the\\nlog schoolhouse, and these were in turn superseded by\\nmore commodious and finer looking structures of wood\\nand brick. Louisa Gedding doubtless taught the first\\nschool in 1830, in the house of Daniel Mcintosh, Sr.,\\nat $1.50 per week and board. She is now living with\\nher husband on Gull Prairie. William P. Gedding\\ntaught in the same house in the fall and winter of\\n1830, receiving as compensation $10 per month and\\nboard.\\nJames O Dell and Thomas Kirk built in 1835, on\\nSection 26, the first frame schoolhouse of which we\\nhave any record. Joseph White taught in 1832 in a\\nlog schoolhouse on Young s Prairie. The schools at\\nthis early period were sustained by voluntary sub-\\nscriptions, and when we consider the limited means at\\nthe command of these sturdy pioneers, we feel almost\\na veneration for the wisdom they displayed in securing\\nan education for their children in preference to all\\nthings else. A school district was organized in the\\nCasterline settlement in 1844, a log house erected\\nand school taught that winter. Various changes of\\nschool districts were made, until there are now seven.\\nDistricts No. 5, 8 and 9 being fractional (two num-\\nI bers are omitted in numbering districts), and No. 4,\\na graded school at Vandalia. According to the\\nSuperintendent s report for 1S80, there are 512 chil-\\ndren between the ages of five and twenty years 133\\nvolumes in the various libraries value of school prop\\nerty, $10,200 wages paid male teacliers, $1,150\\nfemales, $991 bonded debt of the graded school,\\nj $1,800, six frame and one brick schoolhouse.\\nDistrict No. 4 of Vandalia was organized in\\n1865, but the old schooliiouse was used until 1873,\\nwhen a fine brick structure, costing $6,500, was erected,\\nG. J. Townsend, P. Snyder and Amos Smith being\\nthe building committee. Jesse P. Borton, who taught\\nthe school for five years, is credited with raising the\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0368.jp2"}, "369": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nstandard of scholarship and much improving the\\nbchool. In 1879, Mr. M. Pemberton, the present\\nPrincipal, established a course of study, and they now\\nhave a very fine school under his directorship, his\\nassistants being Miss M. R. Thurston, Miss Lydia\\nBurnham and Miss Rose L. Mears. The present\\nBoard of Education is C. E. Carrier, Director H. H.\\nPhillips, Moderator; Peter Snyder, Assessor; J. B.\\nBonine, John Alexander and George Lnngsduff.\\nEARLY ASSESSMENT ROLL.\\nThe following is a copy of the first assessment roll\\nobtainable, it being for the year 1837, and includes\\nthe tax on both real and personal property\\nAmos Green, 320 acres, real, $12.80, personal,\\n$2.35; John Price, 160 acres, real, $4.80, personal,\\n$2.25; John Donals, 240 acres, real, $7.60 Jacob\\nT. East, personal, $1.70; Elizabeth Cox, forty acres,\\nassessment, $1.20; John A. Ferguson, personal,\\n$1.40; Hiram Cox, personal, 60 cents; William\\nLindsley, 400 acres, .real, $12, personal, $1.60;\\nMarverick Rudd, 160 acres, real, $4.80, personal,\\n$1.50; Ezra Hindhaw, 160 acres, real, $4.80, per-\\nsonal, $2.25; Reubin Hinshaw, personal, $2 Abijah\\nHinshaw, eighty acres, real, $2.40, personal, 90 cents\\nMary Jones, 160 acres, real, $11.20, personal, $2.60;\\nLydia Jones, forty acres, real, $2.80 Jesse Beeson,\\npersonal, $1.10 Joshua Leach, personal, $1 Nathan\\nJones, 440 acres, real, $13.20, personal, $2.40 John\\nLamb, forty acres, real, $1.20 John Cays, personal,\\n80 cents; John Nixon, eighty acres, real, $2.40,\\npersonal, 90 cents; Moses McLeary, personal, 60\\ncents Henry Jones, acres, real, $9.60, per-\\nsonal, $4.70 Ishmael Lee, 110 acres, real, $3.30,\\npersonal, 90 cents Christopher Bordes, personal, 95\\ncents; Alpheus Ireland, sixty acres, real, $4.20,\\npersonal, $1.75; Drury Jones, sixty acres, real,\\n$4.20, per.sonal, $1.20; Samuel Thompson, forty\\nacres, real, $1.20, personal, $3.20.\\nThe above assessment roll forms the subject for an\\ninteresting study, as exhibiting the individual wealth\\nat that early period, and, as compared with the report\\nof the Secretary of State for 1880, presents a\\nmarked contrast, viz., 142 farms on which had been\\nraised 74,238 bushels of wheat, 27,609 bushels of\\ncorn, 420 bushels of clover seed, 320 bushels of peas,\\n8,085 bushels of potatoes, 1,598 tons of hay, 466\\nhead of horses, 953 head of cattle, 1.958 hogs, 2,943\\nsheep, and there was sold in 1879 5,394 bushels of\\napples, 4,500 pounds of grapes, and sixty one bushels\\nof cherries, currants, plumbs and berries, which\\nshows the resources of the town in the line of produc-\\ntions. Evidences of wealth, culture and refinement\\nare seen on every hand as farm after farm passes\\nbefore our view, nearly all provided with fine and\\nappropriate farm buildings.\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1831, John Agard; 1832-36, James O Dell 1837,\\nAlpheus Ireland 1838, Daniel Kelsey 1839, Dan-\\niel Kelsey 1840, James O Dell 1841, Henry Jones;\\n1842-45, Ira Kelsey; 1846-48, Elias Carrier; 1849,\\nIsaac L. Seely 1850-1, Alpheus Ireland 1852, R.\\nS. Pemberton; 1853, Barker F. Rudd; 1854, R.\\nPemberton 1855, R. S. Pemberton; 1856-58, Geo.\\nD. Jones; 1859, E. Alexander; 1860, Amos Smith;\\n1861, R. S. Pemberton; 1862, E. C. Collins; 1863,\\nC. C. Nelson; 1864-65, Nathan Jones 1866-67,\\nAmos Smith 1868, R. S. Pemberton 1869-70,\\nJohn Alexander 1871, Reason S. Pemberton\\n1872-74, John Alexander; 1875-76, James H.\\nStamp; 1877, Stephen Jones; 1878, John H. East;\\n1879, Lucius D. Gleason 1880, Joseph H. Johnson;\\n1881, Cliarles F. Smith.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1831, Hardy Langston 1832-33, Samuel Hunter;\\n1834, Daniel Mcintosh (H. H. Fowler was elected\\nsuccessor in October) 1835, Thomas E. O Dell; 1836-\\n37, Daniel Mcintosh, Jr.; 1838, A. R. Lamb 1839,\\nDaniel Kelsey 1840, John Alexander; 1841, John\\nAlexander; 1842-48, Stephen /Rudd* 1849-50,\\nR. S. Pemberton; 1851, Stephen Rudd; 1852, J. E.\\nNicholson 1853-54, Edward Talbot 1855-56, M.\\nRudd 1857-59, John Alexander 1860, J. S. East\\n1861, G. W. Jones 1862, J. W. O Dell; 1863-65,\\nA. W. Davis; 1866-67, R. S. Pemberton 1868-69,\\nW. H. H. Pemberton 1870-72, John A. Jones\\n1873-74. W. E. Bogue 1875, Charles F. Smith\\n1876, H. East 1877-78, Joseph 11. Johnson 1879,\\nStephen Jones; 1880-81, Harmon Delong.\\nCLERKS.\\n1831-41, Ira Nash 1842-44, Allen W. Davis;\\n1845, Elias Carrier; 1846, Ira Kelsey; 1847-48,\\nAllen W. Davis 1849, Elias Carrier 1850-52,\\nGeorge D. Jones; 1853-54, John Hurd, Jr. 1855,\\nJ. B. Mcintosh 1856-58, A. L. Thorp 1859, J.\\nE. Nicholson 1860-61, W. H. Sullivan 1862, N.\\nMonroe; 1863, A. J. Foster; 1864-65, A. L. Thorp;\\n1866, G. Clendenan, refused to qualify, succeeded by\\nA. L. Thorp; 1867, H. C. Walker; 1868, H. Fran-\\ncis; 1869-71, A. L. Thorp: 1872, W. E. Bogue;\\n1873-74, A. L. Thorp; 1875, J. W. Bartlett 1876,\\nJohn King: 1877, H. S. Cone; 1878, George W.\\nVanantwerp; 1879, Albert^ H. Snyder; 1880, Rea-\\nson S. Pemberton 1881, Leslie Green.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a21854, E. Tiilboot died and S. Biidd appointed to fill vacancy.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0369.jp2"}, "370": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nHENRY JONES.\\nHenry Jones, the eldest son of George and Lydia\\n(Hobson) Jones, was born in Randolph County, N.\\nC, in 1790. The elder Jones was a Friend, and\\nhis abhorrence of the relic of barbarism was\\nso strong that, rather than rear his family under its\\ndemoralizing influences, he decided to remove to the\\nthen new country of Ohio. Here we find the family\\nin 1807, in a sparsely settled region, bravely endur-\\ning the privations and hardships incident to life in a\\nnew country, but happy in the thought that they were\\nfree from the contaminating influences of human slav-\\nery.\\nIn 1813, Henry was married to Miss Hannah\\nGreen, a native of Georgia, and a most estimable\\nwoman, by whom he reared a family of twelve chil-\\ndren. During his residence in Ohio, he was engaged\\nin farming and merchandising and in both vocations\\nwas successful. In 1829, his father removed to Cass\\nCounty and purchased a large tract of land in the town-\\nship of Penn. With him came two men, employed\\nby Henry to make the preliminary arrangements for\\nthe emigration of his family. They were equipped\\nwith four yoke of oxen and the necessary implements\\nfor putting in a crop. The autumn of 1830 witnessed\\ntheir departure for their new home. It was quite an\\nevent in the neighborhood, and was not wholly unlike\\nthe emigration of some of the patriarchs of old in many\\nparticulars. First were two four-horse teams loaded\\nwith household efi ects then one two-horse team, fol-\\nlowed by four yoke of oxen, the cattle, sheep and hogs\\nbringing up the rear. The journey was devoid of inci-\\ndents worthy of mention. On arriving in Penn, he\\nbought a lease on the school section, where he re-\\nmained four years ultimately he located on the west\\nside of the prairie, where John Nixon now resides,\\nand for the second time commenced the erection of a\\nhome and the development of a new country.\\nMr. Jones resided in Penn until his decease, which\\noccurred in 1851, in the sixty -first year of his age.\\nMrs. Jones died in March of 1864, aged seventy-two.\\nHe was recognized as a man of ability and unques-\\ntioned integrity, and was selected for many important\\npositions of trust and responsibility, notably among\\nthe number that of County Commissioner, which po-\\nsition he filled until the office was abolished by act of\\nthe Legislature. His benevolence and hospitality was\\nproverbial and he endeared himself to the entire com-\\nmunity by his many acts of kindness, and, among the\\npioneers of the county, it is but justice to say that no\\none held a larger portion of public esteem than he.\\nOf the family, six are now living in the county Mrs.\\nNixon, Amos, George VV., Henry, Finney and Jesse.\\nAmos was born in Ohio, and is now living in La\\nGrange. Henry was also born in Ohio and has been\\na resident of Oregon for thirty years. Finney resides\\nin Cassopolis. Jesse was born in Penn December\\n13, 1832. On the death of his father, which occurred\\nwhen he was eighteen years of age, he started in life\\nfor himself. He is one of the largest and most suc-\\ncessful farmers in the county.\\nHe married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Abram V.\\nand Mary Huff, of Wayne, December 29, 1861.\\nMrs. Jones was born July 2, 1843, in Wayne, Cass\\nCounty. Of a family of six children, four are living\\nMary Belle, Jesse, George W. and Walter G.\\nAVII.LIAM JONES.\\nWilliam Jones, one of the early settlers and promi-\\nnent farmers of Penn Township, was born in Preble\\nCounty, Ohio, March 8, 1813. He is the son of\\nCharles Jones, a native of Georgia, who was born\\nJanuary 20, 1792, and where he remained until the\\nemigration of the family into Preble County. As has\\nbeen stated elsewhere, the progenitor of the family\\nwas an English Quaker, who came to this country\\nabout the middle of the last century, and settled in\\nNorth Carolina, and from thence removed to Georgia.\\nThe family have always remaiined true to the traits of\\ntheir faith, and their detestation of human slavery\\nwas the prime cause of their removal to Ohio, then on\\nthe extreme frontier. In 1812, the elder Jones,\\nCharles, was married to Anna Bogue, who was born\\nin North Carolina, in January of 1789. The boyhood\\ndays of William were spent in this then sparcely\\nsettled region, sharing the privation of a pioneer\\nfamily, but laying the foundation for a robust consti-\\ntution, and developing those habits of industry and\\nperseverance which became, in later years, the salient\\npoints in his character. In the spring of 1829, the\\nelder Jones came to Cass County, then known as the\\nSt. Joseph country, and located a large tract of\\nland in the township of Penn returning for his family,\\nhe made permanent settlement in November of that\\nyear. He built a cabin 20x30 feet, on land now\\nowned by his son William, which was occupied by the\\nfamily, which consisted of seventefn persons, and in\\nwhich they were obliged to remain for some time.\\nThe elder Jones became one of the prominent farmers\\nof this township, and at one time owned over 1,000\\nacres of land. He was an estimable man, and highly\\nesteemed by all who knew him for his moral worth\\nand social qualities. In 1852, Mrs. Jones died, and\\nin 1853, he was again married to Prudy Pemberton.\\nBv the first marriasre there were ten children Will-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0370.jp2"}, "371": {"fulltext": "4 -kII^^w\\nH0^ /\\\\M :5 Sf./i ITH.\\nAMOS SMITH.\\nThe present County Surveyor and ex-Representa-\\ntive of Cass County in the Legislature, was born in\\nErie County, Penn., August 7, 1829, and was the son\\nof Charles F. and Emily (Leach) Smith. One of his\\nancestors, his mother s father, James Leach, was a\\nbrave soldier in the war of 1812, and was killed at\\nthe battle of Niagara Falls, which occurred July 25,\\n1814. The subject of our sketch obtained an academ-\\nical education in Erie County, and in the year 1848\\ncame to Michigan with his uncle, Joshua Leach, who\\nwas one of the pioneers of Penn Township. The first\\nemployment of the young man was teaching school.\\nHe taught two terms on Young s Prairie or more\\nproperly at the locality known as Geneva, and there\\nworked for Joseph Harper and Daniel Mcintosh, who\\nhad the contract for building a road across the marsh\\nin Penn Township. In 1849, he went back to Penn-\\nsylvania, and from there journeyed to Yazoo County,\\nMiss., in the same year. He there taught school\\nuntil June, 1850, when he returned to his old home.\\nHe had gained many ideas in regard to the Southern\\ncountry and people, and it was his intention to re-\\nvisit the Yazoo region, but obtaining a good offer to\\nresume teaching in his old school in Michigan, he\\nagain journeyed here, in 1852. He taught occa-\\nsionally for a considerable time, but having, in 185-3,\\ncommenced surveying, he made that his principal\\nwork, and, for the next twelve years, was continu-\\nously in occupation of the office, either as County\\nSurveyor or Deputy Surveyor. In 1855, Mr. Smith\\nbought forty acres of land, the beginning of his pres-\\nent fine farm of nearly two hundred and fifty acres.\\nCass County sent Amos Smith as its Representative\\nto the State Legislature, in 1868. He was elected\\nupon the ticket of the Republican party, to which\\nhe has been attached since its organization. In 1875,\\nhe was appointed County Surveyor, to fill a vacancy\\ncaused by death, and has since occupied the ofSce,\\nby virtue of successive elections. He has been Super-\\nvisor of Penn Township three times, and held other\\npositions of honor and trust. A man of much pub-\\nlic spirit, he has endeavored to advance all of the\\nbest local interests, and perhaps has labored for no\\nother cause more efficiently than for the public schools\\nof Vandalia. He taught in them for two years\\nsubsequent to the time when they were graded, and\\nhas been, for nine years, a School Director. Mr.\\nSmith was married, in 1855, to Martha J. East,\\ndaughter of James and Anna East, an old family of\\nthe county. Their children are Charles F., born\\nSeptember 29, 1856; Frederick E., born August 7,\\n1858 and George D., born June 24, 1864.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0371.jp2"}, "372": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0372.jp2"}, "373": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\niaiii, Stephen, Mary, Elizabeth, George, Charles,\\nAnna M., Joseph, Lydia and Keziah by the latter\\nthere were two, Merrill and liodema. He died in\\n1832, in a good old age, full of days, riches and\\nhonor. William was a member of his father s family\\nuntil he attained his twenty-second year, at which\\ntime he was married to Miss Lydia, daughter of Henry\\nJones. After their marriage, the young couple com-\\nmenced life for themselves on the old homestead,\\nwhere he has since resided. In 1845, Mrs. Jones\\ndied, and in 1857 he was again married to Miss Maria,\\ndaughter of Benjamin Parish, of Kalamazoo County.\\nShe was born in Clarkson, Monroe Co., N. Y., March\\n29, 1824, and came to Michigan with her parents in\\n1841. By the first marriage there were six children,\\nthree of whom Anna, Hannah and Elizabeth are\\nliving, by the second, one child, William L., is living; j\\nthree are deceased. In 1856, Mr. Jones purchased\\nthe old homestead, a view of which we present in this\\nchapter. Mr. Jones is one of the largest and most\\nsuccessful farmers in the county, and his farm now\\nconsists of 970 acres, 500 of which is under cultiva-\\ntion. His life has been devoted to agricultui-al pur-\\nsuits, and few men have applied themselves more\\nassiduously than he, or have been more successful, not\\nonly in the accumulation of property, but in the per-\\nfection of an honorable record. Politically, he affili-\\nates with the Democratic party, and both he and his\\nwife are worthy members of the Friends Meeting.\\nDR. THOMAS J. CASTERLINE.\\nThomas J. Casterline, or Doctor Casterline as he is\\nfamiliarly known, was born in Romulus, Seneca\\nCounty, N. Y., January 3, 1813. His parents, Bar-\\nreabas and Rhoda Casterline, were natives of Orange\\nCounty, from whence they removed in the early part\\nof 1800 to Seneca County. The mother was one of\\nthose noble women, who seem to be the personification\\nof all the cardinal virtues. At the age of eleven\\nyears, Thomas went to live with a farmer by the name\\nof Jonas Seely, with whom he remained four years,\\nwhen he returned home and shortly after was pros-\\ntrated by sickness his life was spared, but he left his\\nbed a cripple for life. His education was confined\\nto the common schools of his native town, but what\\nhe failed to acquire from books he learned from obser-\\nvation and experience. On arriving at that age when\\nmost young men realize the fact that the time has\\narrived when they are to do for themselves, and know-\\ning that his success in life was dependent upon his\\nown exertions, and being physically incapacitated for\\nmany of the vocations in life, he resolved to make\\nthe profession of medicine his life-work. He com-\\nmenced its study with Dr. Champlain, of Allegany\\nCounty, N. Y., and afterward studied with Dr. Alfred\\nGriffin. In 1840, he established himself in the prac-\\ntice of his profession in the village of Cuba. About\\nthis time, he met his destiny in the person of Miss\\nRachael M., daughter of Ralph and Mary Hurlburt,\\nof Litchfield, Conn., whom he married in 1\u00c2\u00bb41.\\nMrs. Casterline was born in Canaan, Conn., January\\n4, 1818. After their marriage, the young couple\\nmade a brief visit to the home of Mrs. Casterline,\\nand during the time decided to come to Michigan,\\nwhere they arrived in October, 1844. His first loca-\\ntion was the place which has since been his home,\\nand which was at the time in a state of nature. By\\nindustry and economy, he has made repeated addi-\\ntions to the little beginning of fifty-five acres, and his\\nfarm is one of the most valuable ones in that portion\\nof the township in which it is situated. The Doctor\\nhas been successful, not only in securing a well-earned\\ncompetency, but in the building-up of an enviable\\nreputation. Both he and his wife are exemplary\\nmembers of the Disciple Church, and in them all\\nchurch enterprises find liberal supporters. Although\\nnot a politician, he has pronounced ideas on all polit-\\nical matters. He affiliates with the Democratic party\\nand dates his conversion to its principles to the time\\nof Andrew Jackson. Mr. and Mrs. Casterline have\\nbeen blessed with three children Rhoda M., who\\nmarried James M. Huey, in 1870; Mary E., now Mrs.\\nGeorge W. Paul, and Byron H.\\nCHARLES OSBORN.\\nCharles Osborn was born in Guilford County, N.\\nC, in 1776, and commenced the ministry in the\\nFriends Church about 1800 or 1808. He traveled\\nand preached wherever there were Quakers for thirty\\nyears. A copy of his diary, as published, shows that\\nhis journeys in the interest of his religious belief ex-\\ntended to the British Isles and nearly all continental\\nEurope, as well as the United States. He was ac-\\ncorded a head seat wherever he was, even Joseph John\\nGruney refusing to take a seat above him, and was\\nheld in esteem wherever the name of Quaker was\\nknown. He was one of the earliest and most extreme\\nof the abolition preachers, and devoted much of the\\nenergies of the best portion of his life in promoting\\nthe interests of the cause he so heartily espoused.\\nThere was a controversy on this subject within the\\nRichmond Yearly Meeting (Indiana), which proscribed\\nOsborn and several others for their zeal in the cause\\nof anti-slavery, but refused to state the cause in those\\nwords, but said they were disqualified for their posi-\\ntion. This resulted in a separation, and Osborn died\\nin 1850, before the two wings came together. They\\ndid come together, however, and the testimonial of his", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0373.jp2"}, "374": {"fulltext": "262\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN\\nchurch, written soon after his death, shows that, hav-\\ning at an early period of his life seen the injustice and\\ncruelty of slavery, he engaged in the formation of\\nassociations for the relief of its victims, under the\\ndenomination of Manumission Societies. His diary\\nshows that he began their formation in 1815 in Ten-\\nnessee, the first society being organized with six mem-\\nbers. He endeavored not only to enlist the feelings\\nand the secure the co-operation of members of his own\\nsociety, but also all others, and at that early day advo-\\ncated and maintained the only true and Christian\\ngrounds immediate and unconditional emancipation.\\nIn 1816, the Colonization Society was formed, which\\nhe promptly and energetically opposed.\\nThe first paper ever published which advocated the\\ndoctrine of immediate and unconditional emancipation,\\nwas issued by Charles Osborn, at Mount Pleasant,\\nJefferson Co., Ohio, in 1816, entitled the Philanthro-\\npist, which was published about one year. He was one\\nof the first, if not the very first, in the United States\\nwho advocated the doctrine of the impropriety of using\\nthe products of slave labor. Benjamin Lundy, who\\nwas also a Quaker preacher, became imbued with\\nOsborn s doctrines, worked in the oiEce and occasion-\\nally wrote for the paper, and it was here that was origi-\\nnated the germ of Lundy s subsequent operations.\\nMr. Embree commenced the publication of a paper\\ncalled the Emancipator at Jonesboro, Tenn. Lundy\\npurchased the material for the paper, and in 1821 is-\\nsued the Genius of Universal Emancipation, which\\nwas a successor to the Philanthropist, established at\\nMount Pleasant by Charles Osborn. Lundy has been\\nerroneously credited in all histories hitherto published\\nwith having published the first anti-slavery paper,\\nwhereas he was simply an occasional contributor to its\\ncolumns.\\nIn 1833, he was chosen as Indiana s delegate to\\nthe World s Anti-slavery Convention, which was held\\nin London, England, and started to attend the con-\\nvention, but was forced to return home* on account of\\npoor health. Let honor be accorded to whom honor\\nis due, and no more fitting tribute can be paid his\\nmemory than that paid by William Lloyd Garrison,\\nwho, on meeting in Cleveland in 1847, a friend of\\nOsborn s who mentioned his name, said Charles\\nOsborn is the father of all us Abolitionists.\\nFrom 1842 to 1847, Charles Osborn was a resident\\nof Penn, owning a farm opposite James E. Bonine s.\\nHis death occurred in Indiana, to which place he re-\\nmoved at the latter date. He was twice married,\\nhaving by his first wife, nee Neuman, seven children,\\nonly one of whom, Elijah, in Calvin, is still living.\\nJefferson, of Calvin, and Dr. Leander Osborn, of\\nVandalia, both sons of Josiah Osborn, are his grand-\\nchildren. By his second wife, nee Hannah Swain,\\nhe had nine children, five of whom are still living;\\ntwo in this county Jordan P., who is a resident of\\nCassopolis, and Mrs. James B. Bonine, of Penn, at\\nwhose residence her mother died, some three years\\nsince.\\nOHAPTEE XXVII.\\nONTWA.\\nEarly Historic Interest\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Edwaidslniig, tlie Embryo City\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tlie Country\\nas seen by Ezra Beardsley, the First Settler\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Advent of the Meach-\\nanis, ft Beginning of f;niigration\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Monroe Land Sales, Inci-\\ndents at the Same\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pleasures of Pioneering\u00e2\u0080\u0094 July 4tli Celebration\\nin 1829\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Double Wedding\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Queer Character\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Philanthropy\\nof an Early Settler\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pen Pictures of Ontwa in 1831\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Adamsport\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nOriginal Land Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tavern License\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Edwardsburg, its Demise\\nand Resurrection, including Early Merchants. Territorial Road,\\nStage Coach, etc.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Churches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Organization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List-\\nBiographical.\\nTHE written history of the American continent\\ndates back scarcely four centuries, yet within\\nthat comparatively short period its pages have garnered\\nfrom her hills and mountains, from her grand rivers\\nand mighty inland seas, valuable additions to the\\nworld s stock of knowledge.\\nEvery State and every county has its historic\\npoints, its neuclei around which cluster the memories\\nof initial events, attending its settlement and the\\nsettlement of adjacent territory, greater or less in\\nextent. In the early settlement of this county,\\nEdwardsburg was the point from which the settlers\\nradiated into the adjacent towns. Here it was that\\nthey centered for information regarding desirable\\nlocations, and the impetus thus given caused many to\\nlook upon it as an embryo city, which, in the near\\nfuture, would be the seat of a teeming populace,\\nactively engaged in trade and manufacture but fate\\nordained it otherwise.\\nWe have only to take a retrospective glance, em-\\nbracing a period of fifty-six years, and there could\\nhave been seen an individual accompanied by his sons\\npassing in at the eastern portion of the township, who\\nwas slowly making his way toward the West, ever\\nand anon stopping to admire this and that attractive\\npoint, as with the eye of a connoisseur he noted the\\nproductive soil lying at his feet in all its virgin purity.\\nArriving near the western boundary, the attractions\\nbecame irresistible, for here, spread out before him,\\nwas a beautiful sheet of water, while the broad prairie,\\ncovered with luxuriant herbage, invited cultivation\\nconsequently, Ezra Beardsley unloaded his few simple\\nhousehold utensils, and commenced the life of a\\npioneer, and, like Selkirk s hero of the Pacific island,\\nwas monarch of all he surveyed.\\nHere it was that with that primitive agricultural\\nimplement, the wooden mold-board plow, that he\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0374.jp2"}, "375": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MTCHTGAN.\\nturned over tlie first furrow, while the dusky Indian\\nmaiden looked on in wonder and admiration, evidently\\ncontemplating the immense labor saved her white\\nsisters by this wonderful invention.\\nHaving sown the first crop of wheat and erected a\\nrude cabin for the reception of his family, Ezra\\nBeardsley returned to his home in Butler ,County,\\nOhio, and in the spring of 1826 removed his family\\nto their new home and commenced in earnest the life\\nof a pioneer, all alone in the midst of a vast, unculti-\\nvated region, uninhabited except by the wild Indians\\nand their still wilder companions, the denizens of the\\nforest. He remained the sole white inhabitant of\\nthis beautiful country until the spring of 1827, when\\nGeorge and Sylvester Meacham, George Crawford\\nand Chester Sage arrived April 11, on the prairie,\\nnow designated Beardsley s Prairie out of respect to\\nthe man who first made it his abode. This company\\nerected their log cabin on the south bank of Pleasant\\nLake, near where the residence of Dr. John B. Sweet-\\nland now stands.\\nThey left Ann Arbor in the eastern part of the\\nState with an outfit which consisted of three yoke of\\ncattle, a heavy lumber wagon, a good supply of pro-\\nvisions, camp equipage, ammunition and a plow, intend-\\ning to traflic with the Indians, in the meantime\\nraising sufficient grain for their sustenance.\\nNot long after their arrival, the tide of emigration\\nwhich had already taken its way to this and other\\npoints in Illinois, Wisconsin and Iowa, which was\\nthen on the outer verge of civilization, became so ex-\\ntensive that they were obliged to abandon their first\\nplans and commenced in earnest to cultivate the soil\\nand make their squatters claim, and in 1829, as soon\\nas opportunity offered itself, they entered land in\\nSection 17. George and Sylvester Meacham, ac-\\ncording to previous agreement, taking the land they\\nwere entitled to, and George Meacham remained\\nhere until 1836, when, disposing of hi.s property, he\\nremoved to Porter, where he still resides. In 1830,\\nGeorge Crawford, who married Ann Beardsley, daugh-\\nter of Ezra, removed to Elkhart, Ind., where he,\\nin company with Mr. Sage, built a log grist-mill, at\\nwhich place they afterward built a hotel.\\nIt was during this year, 1829, that the famous land\\nsales occurred, at Monroe, where certificates were\\ngiven for a large portion of the land in the township\\nalthough no patents were issued by the Government\\nuntil November, 1831. At these sales the rights of\\nsquatters, or preeraptors, were respected, no settler\\nbidding on another s claim, but occasionally an Eastern\\nman, unaccustomed to the ways in the West, essayed\\nto bid on the home of a settler, but soon deemed it pru-\\ndent to desist, as was the case with one young man at j\\nthe sales at White Pigeon, which were held subsequent\\nto the Monroe sales, who insisted on the right to bid\\non any land offered for sale, but only made one bid,\\nwhen he was suddenly felled to the floor, which instantly\\ninspired him with respect for settlers claims, and oth-\\ners, similarly inclined, profited by this example. About\\nthis time Ezra Beardsley commenced keeping a tavern,\\nwhich was the first in the county, to accommodate the\\nlarge number of emigrants and land-lookers passing\\nthrough the country, but was unable to accommodate\\nthem all, even with a bed spread upon the floor, and\\nthey repaired to Bachelor s Hall, as the Meacham\\ncabin was denominated, where they were given a\\nhearty welcome and always found sufficient food,\\nand that which was palatable, although served in a\\nvery primitive fashion. We have yet to learn of the\\nindividual who suftered for lack of food in the early\\nsettlement of this township, which possessed many\\nsalient features not to be found in others less favored:\\nThe broad prairie yielded ample returns to the hus-\\nbandman, and afforded facilities for obtaining a living\\nnot to be found in heavily-timbered countries. The\\nearly settlers were proverbial for their hospitality, and\\ncases of sickness, or distress, received the immediate\\nattention of a philanthropic community, who regarded\\neach new-comer in the light of a friend, who by their\\nmutual improvements would render valuable their new\\nhabitations; therefore, the tales of trials, privations,\\nhardships and even suffering related by settlers in some\\nsections are wanting here. It is no uncommon thing\\nto hear old veterans wish to live the old times over\\nagain, claiming that life was much more enjoyable\\nthen than now, although deprived of many of its luxu-\\nries. They loved the freedom from conventionalities,\\nthe kindly courtesy, and deep interest each neighbor\\nevinced in the other s welfare, which is now wanting,\\nbecause less dependent upon each other than for-\\nmerly.\\nJohn Bogart, who was a native of New York State,\\nmoved to Richland County, Ohio, and, after remain-\\ning there eleven years, in 1828 moved to Edwardsburg\\nand settled on Beardsley s Prairie, one-half mile dis-\\ntant. He assisted in the organization of the township\\nand performed many of the initial events of its history.\\nIn 1833, he went to Ohio on a visit, where he\\ndeceased, his wife s death not occurring until 1863.\\nHis immediate descendants reside in Mason.\\nJoel Knapp settled in an parly day on the farm\\nnow owned by George T. Howard, and by hard labor\\nand close economy amassed a competency, at the\\nsame time assisting in maintaining the Baptist Church\\nof wliich he was Deacon. He returned to New York,\\nwhere he died in 1873. In 1828, Thomas H.\\nEdwards, from whom Edwardsburg was named, com-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0375.jp2"}, "376": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nmenced selling goods in this place, in a pole shanty\\non Lake street, and was the first merchant in the\\ncounty. While his stock was not large, his enterprise\\nin disposing of his goods was commendable, and in\\n1829 he employed Joseph L. Jacks to peddle goods\\nfrom a wagon over the country, and to collect\\naccounts. He continued in business until the fall of\\n1831, when he disposed of his stock and village lots\\nto Jacob and Abiel Silver, left the country, and is\\nnow supposed to reside in Wisconsin. In 1828, John\\nSilsbee came from Chautauqua County, N. Y., and\\npurchased Othni Beardsley s betterments and grain\u00c2\u00bb\\non the farm now owned by C. D. Hadden, and then\\nreturned East in the fall, for his family, who came\\nback with him the following spring, 1829, arriving in\\nthe month of April. The latter part of this month\\nhe went to Detroit to meet his son-in-law, Joseph L.\\nJacks, who married his daughter Susanah the year\\nprevious. He waited patiently for their arrival for\\nnearly two weeks, and then took boat for Erie, Penn.,\\nwhere Mr. Jacks had been patiently waiting for a\\nboat, and finally procured passage on one, passing Mr.\\nSilsbee on the lake, but they finally got together in\\nDetroit and made the journey to Edwardsburg, reach-\\ning there July 4, in the afternoon, but still in time\\nto join in the celebration then in progress, which was\\nbeing enjoyed by nearly all the early settlers, who\\njoined together in a picnic, patriotism being one of\\ntheir marked characteristics. To an American citizen,\\nthe celebration of July 4, would be a tame affair with-\\nout the stars and stripes that grand insignia of in-\\ndependence and freedom, floated o er him in the\\nbreeze but they, unfortunately, did not possess a flag.\\nJuly 2, Wilson Blackmar arrived with his family at\\nthe settlement, and Mrs. Blackmar, who was present\\nand participating in the festivities, volunteered to\\nmake one, and, being very expert, in one hour s time j\\nmanufactured one out of a sheet and two red and one\\nblue bandanna handkerchiefs. It was then fastened\\nto a pole, and William Bogart volunteered to climb a\\nlarge tree on the south bank of Pleasant Lake and j\\nlash the flag-pole to the center limb, which he pro-\\nceeded at once to do, and when accomplished, three\\nrousing cheers were given by the proud settlers.\\nJohn Silsbee subsequently sold out and removed to\\nJackson County, Iowa, where he deceased in 1879. A\\nbiographical sketch of Joseph L. Jacks, who was a very\\nprominent settler, appears elsewhere. j\\nSylvester Meacham came to this State from Jeffer-\\nson County, N. Y., in 1825, and packed for a sur- j\\nveyor near Pontiac, and then worked for Maynard\\nMills, in Ann Arbor, until coming to this county in j\\n1827. In 1864 or 1865, he ,reraoved to Grinnell,\\nIowa, where he died.\\nThe marriage bells, had there been any, would have\\nfirst rung in this township in the winter of 1828-29,\\nto celebrate a double wedding, the high contracting\\nparties being Thomas H. Edwards, who married Lovica,\\ndaughter of Ezra Beardsley, and Sylvester Meacham,\\nwho married Hannah Neblick, Mrs. Beardsley s\\ndaughter by a former husband. There was a little\\nrivalry between the girls as regards personal adorn-\\nment, and Hannah quietly made arrangements with\\nthe wife of Sterling Adams for her silk dress, and\\nappeared before the assembled company in garments\\nthat surprised them all, and Mr. Meacham often\\nrecalled the incident in a laughing manner.\\nF. Garver, a native Virginian, who moved his family\\ninto this township in 1827 or 1828, was possessed of\\nmany of the superstitious and idiosyncrasies possessed\\nby our forefathers. He lived in his log cabin for\\nnearly a month without any roof, subject to the rain\\nand inclemencies of the weather, waiting for the moon\\nto be in the right position in the zodiac before shin-\\ngling his cabin, so that the shakes would not warp\\nup. In 1834, he disposed of his farm of nine\\neighty-acre lots, to Cyrus Bacon, for $6,000, and\\nmoved to the thick wood in Indiana, miles away from\\nany habitation, for he loved solitude, and the numer-\\nous neighbors in this township, coupled with the fact\\nthat a road was surveyed past his dwelling, was so\\ndistasteful to him that he sold out. One house within\\nfive miles, and that a tavern, where whisky could be\\nobtained, constituted his idea of a paradise. Cyrus\\nBacon became quite a prominent man, and was, at\\none time. Associate Judge, as will be seen elsewhere.\\nCharles Haney, who was born in Baden, Germany,\\ncame to Philadelphia, Penn., in 1831, and engaged in\\npeddling clocks until coming to this county, in 1833,\\nwhen he, one year later, purchased his present farm,\\nwhich he has improved, it containing at that time but an\\nold log cabin. Mrs. Haney is daughter of the well-\\nknown pioneer, Jacob Smith, who deceased in 1849,\\nwho came into the county from Pennsylvania, in 1829,\\nwhen she was but twelve years of age, and purchased\\nJ. White s betterments. At this time, the houses of\\nS. Meacham and F. Garver were the only ones this\\nside of Edwardsburg, and they were pioneers in the\\nfull acceptation of this term. Mrs. Haney and Mrs.\\nWilliams are the only descendants of tiie Smith family\\nnow in the county. Mr. Haney built two frame barns\\nin 1835, which were among the first in the township.\\nHe is the father of five children.\\nIn 1834, Abner Van Namee came from Saratoga\\nCounty, N. Y., and lived for a time on Beardsley s\\nPrairie, and then moved to Indiana. His daughter,\\nElizabeth M., became the wife of -W. H. Bacon, and\\nafter his decease, married Samuel Starr. She now", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0376.jp2"}, "377": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0377.jp2"}, "378": {"fulltext": "HI\\nwJP\\nJOSEPh L.J_y\\\\CKS.\\n^f\\ny\\\\asTl^f c.jvi/\\\\F^sh-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0378.jp2"}, "379": {"fulltext": "Jz\u00c2\u00a3*r7^\u00c2\u00ab^ t/i. \u00c2\u00a3j::pt ^^l^^a^", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0379.jp2"}, "380": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0380.jp2"}, "381": {"fulltext": "IIISTOIJV OF CASS COUNTY, MICHir.AN.\\nresides in Section 17. The attractions of this country\\nwere such as to induce Daniel Folmer to come on a\\nprospecting tour in 1884, and he became so favorably\\nimpressed with the country that he purchased a farm\\nin Section 13. Milton Township, and the year follow-\\ning returned to his former home in Columbia County,\\nPenn., and was united in marriage to Miss Margaret\\nA. Anderson. He was withal shrewd at a bargain,\\nand long before his death in 1864, accumulated\\nhandsome competency. His widow, who now resides\\nnear Edwardsburg, contrasts her elegant home with\\nthe humble structure which greeted her after a long\\nand laborious journey performed forty-six years ago.\\nThe pioneers were not confined to those of any\\nnationality, the land being, by liberal provision of our\\nGovernment, opened for settlement at the mini-\\nmum price formerly asked, and among those\\ncf foreign birth was James L. Brady, who was\\nborn in Ulster, county of Cavan, Ireland, March\\n1, 1802. At the early age of sixteen, he, in\\ncompany with a sister, came to the New World, and\\nlanded in Quebec, Canada, and shortly thereafter\\nremoved to Wayne County, N. Y., where, in December\\n3, 1828, at Wolcott, he was united in wedlock to\\nMarian, and seven years later moved here and\\nwas one of the successful agriculturists of the town-\\nship, being the arbiter of his own fortune. In Octo-\\nber, 1870, he removed to Elkhart, Ind., where he died\\nin April, 1881, and where his widow still resides.\\nThey were the parents of seven children, of whom\\nJohn M. resides on a portion of the old farm N. S.\\nalso occupies a portion of the old homestead, where\\nhe is now engaged in agriculture, having spent from\\n1859 to 1868 in California; Marian E., now M-s.\\nA. J. Moody, in Mason Ophilia J., Mrs. Knick-\\nerbocker, in Indiana while William J., Thomas L.\u00c2\u00bb\\nand Mary Jane are deceased.\\nEzra Miller is one of those quiet, unostentatious\\nmen who perform their allotted part in life in courted\\nquiet. In 1834, he moved to Detroit from Erie\\nCounty, N. Y., and dates his residence in this county\\nfrom May, 1885, in which month he visited Cassopo-\\nlis and was charged sixpence by the landlord who gave\\nhim a drink ef water, which forever turned him\\nagainst that place. Forty-eight dollars comprised his\\nworldly wealth at this time, but he entered eighty\\nacres of land in Section 4, which he still retains,\\nalthough a resident of Edwardsburg.\\nIn the fall of 1835, William Hanson came from\\nMontgomery County, N. Y., with his parents, and\\nsettled in Jefferson Township. He now possesses 560\\nacres of land in this township, and is one of the\\nprosperous farmers, which is due entirely to his own\\nexertions. Two of his five children, Henry and\\nCharles, reside on his farms, he having retired to\\nEdwardsburg.\\nIn^ 1835, Reuben Allen and his wife, Gamarias\\n(Cloys), started for the West from Rutland County.\\nVt., with their household effects carefully packed\\naway in the capacious wagon. A journey of one\\nmonth brought them to Adarasville, where a rough\\nframe building which had been used as a corn-\\ncracker mill was occupied by them as a home until\\nsomething better could be provided. He purchased\\neighty acres of land of the Government in Section 18,\\nMason Township, and continued to farm it until his\\ndeath in 1863. His widow now resides with her\\ndaughter, Mrs. J. Fred Emerson, in Ontwa. When\\nthe surveyors laid through the road near his place, he\\nhitched up his horses and followed close behind, so as\\nto be the first one that traversed that portion of the\\nroad in his vicinity. J. Fred Emerson is a son of\\nM. H. Emerson, also a native Vermonter, who came\\nto Ontwa in 1839, and purchased the farm in Section\\n13, on which his son resides, his death occurring in\\n1877. His widow, Alzina R., was a daughter of\\nReuben Allen, the old pioneer. And thus does the\\nhistorian find these old families sadly dismembered,\\ndeath having severed the ranks so that but few now re-\\nmain of the noble men and women whose memories\\nwe revere, who underwent many privations and labored\\ndiligently under many discouraging circumstances\\nthat their descendants might reap the benefit of their\\nlabors. From 1833 to 1838, there was a very large\\nemigration to this township, and there remained, after\\n1838, but very little land subject to entry. Among\\nthose who came to this county in 1836, was Joseph\\nW. Lee, from the historic State of New Hampshire,\\nwith his family, consisting of his wife, Maria (Hast-\\nings), and three children, the journey occupying six\\nweeks, the only method of conveyance then being by\\nwagons, and it was in one of these white covered\\nvehicles, at that period so common, drawn by two\\nhorses, that the journey was accomplished. Mr. Lee\\nwas a fine model of the active, energetic, wide-awake,\\nversatile Yankee, and could readily adapt himself to\\nthe circumstances with which he found himself sur-\\nrounded, and having purchased 160 acres of land in\\nSection 8, removed on it the block-house built by\\nEzra Beardsley, which had done duty as court house\\nand hotel. Having successfully engaged in farming\\non the comparatively sterile soil of New Hampshire,\\nas compared with the rich alluvial soil of his new\\nhome, his success became assured, and long before his\\ndeath, which occurred August 24, 1874, he had accu-\\nmulated a competancy, which was enjoyed by himself\\nand family, his wife s death not occurring until Feb-\\nruary 3, 1875. His influence was given on the side", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0381.jp2"}, "382": {"fulltext": "266\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nof right and justice. As a Methodist, he zealously\\nadvocated and supported his religious belief. He was\\nthe father of five children, viz.: Samuel H., who re-\\nsides on the old homestead; Ednah S., now Mrs.\\nEdminston, in California Mary E., now Mrs. J. M.\\nEdminston, in Nebraska; Abiel S., deceased, while\\nMoses H., the second son, resides in Edwardsburg,\\nand holds the responsible position of Postmaster, and\\nis therefore an active, energetic Republican. He has\\nbeen identified with its interests since reaching his\\nmajority, believing it to be the exponent of good gov-\\nernment and liberal ideas, and therefore takes a work-\\ning interest in the party, having many times repre-\\nsented it in county conventions. Having come in\\nthe county when a boy, and first attended the schools\\nof early times, and subsequently taught them after\\nthey had made very material progress, he quite natur-\\nally takes a deep interest in educational aifairs, and\\nhas filled the oflSce of School Inspector and been a\\nmember of the School Board has been Notary Public\\nfor twelve years, and in addition has represented the\\ntownship as Supervisor four terms. Mr. Lee s filial\\nlove and veneration of the early settlers causes him to\\ntake a great interest in perpetuating the memory of\\nthe pioneers, and the historian is indebted to him for\\nmany courtesies extended and facts garnered from his\\naddress delivered July 4, 1876, at a celebration held\\nat Edwardsburg, to commemorate the 100th anniver-\\nsary of our national existence. He and his wife,\\nMary L. Van Antwerp), are the parents of five chil-\\ndren, viz.: Linnie M., Russell H., Harley H., Jay\\nW., Ernie, of whom Linnie M. is a teacher in the Ed-\\nwardsburg Graded School.\\nWhen Eliakim Roberts reached this county in the\\nwinter of 1836, after a long journey through Canada\\nfrom New York, he was in very destitute circum-\\nstances. Even the rickety old wagon that brought\\nhim through, like the Deacon s chaise, went into a\\nthousand pieces. Not having the advantages of an\\nearly education, he was unabled to read or write but\\nhe found a good friend and counselor in George Red-\\nfield, who not only extended many practical favors,\\nbut advanced the money and entered 120 acres of\\nland for him in Mason, and allowed Roberts to pay\\nfor it at the original purchase price, after he earned\\nthe money to do so with, which is an act of philan-\\nthropy seldom equaled, and caused J. E. Roberts,\\nthe youngest of his family of six children, and who\\nnow resides in Ontwa, to revere the memory of him\\nwho assisted his father, who died in 1854, in his\\ntime of extreme need.\\nThe journey from Chautauqua County, N. Y., in\\n1836, especially if performed with an ox team, was as\\ngreat an undertaking as a trip to Mexico to-day but\\nthe many favorable accounts Samuel C. Olmsted and\\nhis wife Eunice M. (Jackson) heard respecting this\\nregion, caused them to perform the journey, accom-\\npanied by his father and mother, Sylvester and Sally\\nOlmsted, the former of whom deceased February 3,\\n1861, and the latter September 22, 18-54. Mr.\\nOlmsted made a trip into Wayne Township, but the\\nheavy timber and swamp he encountered caused him to\\nreturn and purchase, in 1837, at $8 per acre, twenty-\\neight acres of land of John Vradenburg, the same\\nhe to-day possesses. The influx of emigrants at\\nthis time, and great demand for land, caused much\\nspeculation and several years later the same property\\ncould have been purchased at a less figure. The\\ncountry was, even then, in a comparatively unde-\\nveloped state no fences extending along the terri-\\ntorial road, which then ran over the spot now occupied\\nby his house. No doors or windows sheltered them\\nfrom the chilling cold of the fall, when first moving\\ninto their house, but such inconveniences were con-\\nsidered but trifles, and were soon forgotten amid the\\nbusy cares attending their settlement, and are only\\nnow recollected as among the novel experiences of\\npioneer life, and related for the diversion of inquiring\\nfriends. J. S. and Lucy M., who came through with\\ntheir parents, deceased in 1854 and 1851, respectively,\\nwhile J. C, another son who also accompanied them,\\nresides on the old homestead, coming back from\\nIllinois in 1870, to take care of the family, his\\nmother s death occurring in 1854. This family have\\nbeen prominently connected with the Presbyterian\\nChurch of Edwardsburg, and, taking the right side of\\nevery moral cause, have exerted a salutary influence\\non the community.\\nElijah Kingsley emigrated from Franklin County,\\nMass., in 1838, located in Mason, and thirty years\\nsince purchased his present farm, now conducted by\\nhis son C. R., the old gentleman being eightj-six\\nyears of age, and his aged partner seventy-nine, and\\nare, therefore, representatives of a former generation.\\nAs will be seen in various portions of this history,\\npart of the Silver family came to Cass County at a\\nvery early day and were prominently identified with\\nmany of its initial industries. On the 19th day of\\nOctober, 1835, Orrin Silver, accompanied by his\\nwife and son, George, reached Edwardsburg from\\nNew Hampshire, and for six or seven years kept\\ntavern in this place, and subsequently moved on his\\nfarm, now supplied with fine buildings, which indicate\\nthe successful farmer. His father, John, Jr., followed\\nhis son, coming in 1844. Had it not have been for\\nthe pressing claims Mrs. Silver, who was ill, he could\\ndoubtless have furnished the historian with many\\ninteresting facts concerning the Silver family.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0382.jp2"}, "383": {"fulltext": "JAjMES T. BF^/D/.\\njvlP^S-JAjvlEST. BF^^fKDY,\\nJAMES T. BRADY.\\nJames T. Brady, one of the pioneers and well-known\\neharacters of Ontwa Township, was born March 1, 1802, in\\nthe parish of Druralane, county of Caviu and provint-e of\\nUlster, Ireland. His father, Michael Brady, who was born in\\n1774, died in 1806, when James was four years old, and his\\nmother, Katharine (Leddy) Brady, who was a little younger\\nthan her husband, died in 1832. The subject of our sketch\\nand his sister Rose came to America in the year 1818. landing\\nill (inihic. In Canada, James followed various callings.\\nWhile working at Quebec, sorting timber for the British Gov-\\neinment, he was one day seized by a press gang, and, although\\nmaking a desperate resistance, in which he received several\\nbayonet wounds, was carried away and taken on board of an\\nEnglish war vessel, commanded by a certain Capt. Hours. He\\nwas given |40 in money and a suit of marine s clothes, and\\nthen told that the vessel was about to start on a seven years\\ncruise. He resolved to escape or die in the attempt. One\\nevening lie managed to elude the guards of the vessel, lowered\\nhimself by a rope into the river, and the tide being in his\\nfavor, managed to reacli the wharf. liesolving to leave so\\ndangerous a locality, he went to Wayne County, N. Y. For\\na lime he and his sister, who also went to Wayne County ,_\\nworked for the father of Joe Smith, the Mormon Prophet,\\nwith whom they became well acquainted. In 1824, young\\nBrady became acquainted with Miss Mary Ann Jones, to\\nw hom he was married December 3, 1828, by the Rev. William\\nPowell, in the town of Wolcott. In the spring of 1832, he\\nremoved to Rochester, N. Y., and in November of the same\\nyear to Albion, Orleans Comity, where he remained until the\\nfall of 1835, when he came to Michigan. After making a stay\\nof a little more than a year at Lodi Plains, about forty miles\\nwest of Detroit, he settled in Ontwa. Cass County, in the fall\\nof 1S86, and there resided until 1S70. when he removed to\\nElkhart, lud. Upon the 3d of December. 1878, Mr. and Mrs.\\nBrady celebrated their golden wedding, all of their living\\nchildren and many of their old friends being present. Mr.\\nBrady died at his home in Elkhart, December 19, 1881. and\\nhis remains were buried at the cemetery in Adamsville. He\\nwas a man who was imiversally respected. In politics he\\nwas a life-long Democrat, and voted at fifteen Presidential\\nelections. In rrli^iimis views he was liberal, and tolerant of\\nthe opinions of otlicrs.\\nThe family of Mr. ami Mrs. Brady consisted of four sons\\nand three daughters, as follows: William J. Brady, born in\\nWayne County, N. Y., April 28, 1830, died August 1, 1878, in\\nElko. Nev. Thomas C. Brady, born August 29, 1833, in Mon-\\nroe County, N. Y., died in Steptor Valley, Nev., December\\n23, 1873; John M. Brady, born June 14, 1835, in Orleans\\nCounty, N. Y.. now resident upon the old homestead in Ont-\\nwa, married in 1869 to Miss Dora McNeil; Noah S. Brady,\\nborn March 17, 1839, in Ontwa, where he has since resided,\\nmarried 1866, to Miss Maria E. McNeil Marion E. Brady,\\nborn September 22. 1843, in Cass County, married in 1866 to\\nAndrew J. Moody, and now resides in Mason; Mary J. Brady,\\nborn May 7, 1846, in C^ass County, died October 12, 18.50\\nOphelia J. Brady, born May 30, 1852, in Cass County, married\\nAugust 5, 1879, to Clarence Knickerbocker, of Elkhart, where\\nshe now resides.\\nMrs. Mary Ann CJones) Brady, widow of James T. Brady,\\nstill resides at the house in Elkhart, Ind., and retains her\\nfaculties in a remarkable degree of perfection. She wsis born\\nJune 13, 1809, in Newtown, Gloucester County, N. J., and\\nemigrated in 1824 with her parents to Wayne Comity, N. Y.,\\nwhere .she met and married James T. Brady, the subject of\\nthis sketch.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0383.jp2"}, "384": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0384.jp2"}, "385": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n26t\\nMilton B. Robbins, a native of Massachusetts,\\nremoved to Mason Township from Ohio in 1836, but\\ntwo years later changed his residence to Sturgis, and\\nin 1848 purchased the farm in Section 10 where he\\ndeceased in December, 1879, and where his son\\nDavid H. now resides. He served as Township\\nTreasurer for two years, and filled several school dis-\\ntrict offices, being among its prominent members.\\nIn June, 1831, Hon. George Redfield, in company\\nwith eleven other young men, came to Michigan on a\\nprospecting tour. The trip from Detroit was made\\non foot, the land-lookers carrying their provisions,\\ncamp utensils, clothes and a small tent on their back,\\ncamping out wherever night overtook them. At\\nYpsilanti they separated, Mr. Redfield, Sands McCaw-\\nley, afterward one of the leading men and a miller at\\nBattle Creek, and Nathan Pierce, an embryo thou-\\nsand-acre farmer of Calhoun County, being among\\nthose who took a westerly course and became infatuat-\\ned with the country, and as the beautiful scene is\\nrecalled to the memory of Mr. Redfield, no language\\nwould seem extravagant in its praise. The natural\\npicturesqueness of the country, its surface so charm-\\ningly diversified with prairie, forest land and opening,\\nlake and stream, was sufficient to charm them to the\\nspot. The timber was dense, but, when the openings\\nwere reached, everything was changed. The trees\\nwere large and grew widely apart, and the sward\\nbetween them, kept clear of underbrush by the annual\\nfires kindled by the Indian hunters, was smooth and\\ngreen. The prairie, spread out so temptingly to view,\\nwas covered with wild flowers of bright colors and\\nbeautiful forms and loaded the air with their fragrance.\\nThey fain would not step for fear of crushing them,\\nor the luscious strawberry, half buried in a sweet\\nseclusion of leaf and blossom, blushing and red, invit-\\ning to an epicurian feast, while the half-matured\\nfruit, delicately tinged with green, white and red, which\\nlay in prodigal profusion, extended an invitation for\\nanother day. Before the grass grew high enough to\\nobstruct the view, the eye could glance down the aisles\\nand passages of the forest and note the varied colors\\nof the flowers, the verdant herbage, the flitting birds,\\nthe graceful deer, and chattering, frisking squirrel,\\nand the ear could listen to the thousand voices of the\\nwoods, while the nostrils drank in the perfume-laden\\nair, and the soul revel in the soft, mysterious delight\\nafi orded by so much beauty, sweet concord and\\nharmony. To add to the picturesqueness of the\\nscene, soon after the advent of the white man, dotted\\nhere and there over the smiling prairie and opening\\ncould be seen the blue smoke curling upward from the\\nrustic house of the settler, whose little improvement\\npresaged so much in the future, while in the near\\ndistance could be seen the busy little mart of Edwards-\\nburg. Such was the situation soon after these lands\\nwere thrown open for settlement, and the rapidly\\nswelling tide of emigration was sweeping onward from\\nthe East, and it is no matter of surprise that Mr.\\nRedfield decided to make it his home, as will be seen\\nin another place in this history.\\nJesse Quimby made his way from StafiFord\\nCounty, N. H., in 1836, and settled in Ontwa, and\\nhis son, N. L., then a boy twelve years of age, resides\\non the old homestead. His father, passing away in\\n1838, Mrs. Quimby married a Mr. Blackmar. N.\\nL. Quimby followed threshing for twenty-two conse-\\ncutive years, commencing with the old open cylinder\\nmachines, which were destitute of straw carriers, and\\ndid not separate the chaff from the wheat. He pur-\\nsued the business through all the gradations of\\nmachines until the. present steam thresher came in\\nvogue, and the first one of which was brought into\\nthe township by Moses H. Lee in 1862.\\nIt would seem that $2 per bushel for oats was an\\nextortionate price, but this was what Russel G. May\\npaid in Mottville, St. Joseph County, in 1837, when\\npassing through that place, on his way to Beardsley s\\nPrairie, from Canandaigua County, N. Y. The\\nemigration had been so immense that nearly every\\nthing had been consumed, and arbitrary prices\\nwere asked and received for what remained. After a\\nstay of four years on the prairie, he moved to his pres-\\nent farm, where his wife, Hannah S., died in 1871.\\nOf their four children two are deceased, and only one,\\nR. D. May, who resides on the old homestead, lives\\nin the county. When Nathaniel Hopkins reached\\nMilton Township from Kent County, Del., in 1844,\\nthe farm he purchased contained no buildings, except\\na log house; but long before his death, in May, 1865,\\nit presented a changed appearance, owing to the im-\\nprovements placed upon it. His widow Ann (Brown)\\nnow resides in Edwardsburg, with her son William K.\\nOn Section 22, but a short remove from the Indiana\\nline, can be found the farm of J. B. Thomas, of 415\\nacres its external appearance indicates the model\\nfarmer. They were not among the earliest settlers,\\nas Evan Thomas, father of J. B., emigrated from\\nPennsylvania in 1843, and, like many of his prede-\\ncessors, lived for a time on Beardsley s Prairie. He\\ndeceased in 1862, his wife, Nancy E., passing\\naway many years previous. Although a Democrat,\\nand this a Republican county, Mr. J. B. was elected\\nSheriff having a majority of ninety votes, and is to-\\nday one of the reputable farmers of Ontwa. G. T.\\nHoward recalls, with marked distinctness, the prices\\nof labor and provisions when he came in the county\\nin 1845 from Delaware. He chopped wood at 25", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0385.jp2"}, "386": {"fulltext": "268\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncents per cord, and frequently put in one of the\\nold-fashioned farmer s day s work, from sun to sun,\\nfor two bushels of corn, which sold in the market at\\nfrom 18 to 20 cents per.bushel, one-half cash and one\\nhalf store pay, while a man and team was paid $1 per\\nday, and the wages thought to be ample. But he\\nenjoyed good health, and possessed largely the quali-\\nties of industry and perseverance, which, coupled with\\ncommendable ambition, secured him a competency.\\nGeorge Rogers settled in Section 12 in 1853, and\\naside from farming, purchased produce and solicited fire\\ninsurance. He was honored with several offices, in-\\ncluding Justice of the Peace, and was a prominent\\nman up to this death, in December, 1879. He was\\nthe father of two children, Manning and Charles.\\nHis widow, Mrs. E. M. Rogers, resides in Adamsville.\\nWilliam H. Starr resides on Section 14, on a farm\\nwhich, with its buildings, is a credit to the township.\\nHis wife, Mary F., is a daughter of the pioneer, An-\\ndrew Foster.\\nAmong the early settlers was Sterling Adams, who\\nlocated where Adamsport now is, and which he laid\\nout as a village in March, 18-33, with seventy-nine\\nlots, while Christiana, across the creek, was platted\\nby Moses Sage, in May, 1831, with forty-eight village\\nlots and a public square, to which was added fifty lots\\nby George Stevens, in April, 1836, and a second ad-\\ndition by L. Johnson in June of this year. The first\\ngrist-mill was erected here in 1835 by Moses Sage,\\nand ran night and day for several years, he paying\\nfrom 44 to 50 cents per bushel for wheat, flour bring-\\n$2.50 per barrel. In the winter of 1843-44, speecu-\\nlators ran the price of flour up to $6.00 per barrel,\\nand Mr. Sage disposed of 6,000 barrels he had stored\\nat Niles, at this price, which enabled him to extricate\\nhimself from financial embarrassment. Adamsport has\\na population of 133, and contains a hotel, blacksmith-\\nshop, general store and grist-mill.\\nDuring the time the wild-cat banks were at\\ntheir height, the farmers of this section called a\\nmeeting to devise some means to procure money\\nfor their surplus grain, they at the time receiving their\\npay in this worthless trash, called, out of courtesy,\\nmoney. They duly organized themselves into a\\nsociety, and concluded to store their wheat at the\\nmouth of the river, and when a sufficient quantity was\\naccumulated, to send a special agent to New York\\nwith it, to dispose of for them, and Hon. George Red-\\nfield was selected as their agent, but the grain pur-\\nchasers finally concluded to not only pay a remunera-\\ntive price, but to pay it in gold and silver. This\\npractice once established, banished the worthless paper\\ntrash from the market, and inaugurated a new system\\nof doing business, for the farmers received the price of\\ntheir grain all in good money, and not a portion in\\nstore pay and the balance in Michigan money, as\\nhad been the custom for some time previous.\\nEDWARDSBURG.\\nEdwardsburg was laid out by Alexander H. Ed-\\nwards, and a plat of the same, recorded August 12,\\n1831, shows that it comprised forty-four lots. It was\\nsurveyed by George Crawford. Abiel Silver made\\nan addition of 46 lots June 2, 1834, and a second ad-\\ndition of 112 lots March 24, 1836. As before noticed,\\nJacob and Abiel Silver purchased the mercantile\\nestablishment of Thomas H. Edwards, in the fall of\\n1831, and the next year erected a frame store on the\\nground now occupied by John Shook, on Chicago\\nstreet. They procured the posts, beams, studding,\\nand most of their lumber from Pine Lake Island, in\\nJeiferson Township, which, strange enough, was\\ncovered with pine timber. In 1832, they opened a\\nbranch store at Cassopolis, where Jacob removed with\\nhis family and eventually disposed of his interests here\\nto Abiel. Henry Vanderhoof, who came from Ohio,\\nstarted a store where Squire Hewitt now lives, and in\\na short time, disposed of his interests to Clifibrd\\nShanahan and Jesse Smith. In 1834, Shanahan sold\\nout to his partner, and in 1844 was elected Judge of\\nProbate, which office he filled until 1864. Mr. Smith\\ncontinued in the mercantile business for many years,\\nand then engaged in farming, his death occurring\\nsome ten years since. George W. Hoffman, of Niles,\\ntaking cognizance of this thriving place, which then\\nbid fair to reach a city of considerable dimensions,\\nbrought in a stock of goods in 1835, and placed H.\\nH. Coolidge in charge as agent after a time, he\\nbuilt where is now the furniture store of Dr. Aldrich.\\nIn the forties, Mr. Coolidge and P. P. AYillard en-\\ngaged in business as copartners, and were succeeded\\nby Mr. Millard, who, in about 1848, closed out his\\nstock and went to Niles. H. A. Chapin engaged in\\nbusiness in 1837 or 1838, and afterward took in Samuel\\nGriffin as partner.\\nEven as early as 1836, the price of property had\\nbeen forced to an extravagant price, and A. C. Marsh,\\nwho came from Dutchess County, N. Y., in this year,\\npurchased the lot where he now resides for \u00c2\u00a7500, and\\nrun one of the first blacksmith shops in the place. In\\n1839, he established a foundry, which he conducted\\nuntil 1875. A biography of him appears elsewhere.\\nWilliam Sherwood came to Edwardsburg from\\nAmenia, Dutchess Co., N. Y., with a family of four\\nsons, who assumed considerable importance in an early\\nday. B. D. acted in the public capacity of Notary\\nPublic, Town Clerk and Postmaster, and conducted\\nthe mercantile business for a time, but in 1849, re-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0386.jp2"}, "387": {"fulltext": "P :/^^fM M^^Wr^^f\\n%t\\nH\\nM pMIJJ l iiL ^^iiP ^IPiil\\nRLSIC MCE OF FVI AlORCH K V-\\n.f 1\\nOil!\\nteim\\n3T ~r j?=^\\nr:T..^^- y!\\nPESIDE_ ^iCE OF Jf^f^EN a i L L r( E U W li; D S B U K.(3 ,MIUH,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0387.jp2"}, "388": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0388.jp2"}, "389": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n269\\nmoved to Elkhart, Ind., where he resumed his business\\nand acted as express agent for twenty years. His son,\\nHenry, now fills the position of express agent, his\\nfather having retired from active business. George\\nSherwood engaged in the mercantile business with his\\nbrother. B. D., in Edwardsburg and Elkhart. He\\nwas elected and served as Township Clerk here, and\\nCounty Treasurer in Elkhart County, Ind., from which\\nplace he removed to Chicago, and is now a prominent\\nbusiness man of that city.\\nSeth Sherwood removed to Calvin Township on a\\nfarm, and from there to Vandalia, where he conducted\\na hotel for some years, and then deceased. Charles\\nSherwood, a printer by occupation, removed to Cass-\\nopolis, and from there to Mishawaka, Ind., where he\\nstill resides.\\nMrs. Vradenburg, wife of John, an early settler,\\nmoved to the West also her sister, Mrs. Powers.\\nBenjamin Sweeney, a former resident of Edwards-\\nburg, was a wheelwright and civil engineer. He sur-\\nveyed and platted Silver s Addition to Edwardsburg,\\nand numerous highways in the county. He removed\\nto Illinois, and from there to California, during the\\nearly mining excitement of that State. He surveyed\\nand platted the city of Sacramento, Cal., and after-\\nward returned to Illinois, where he died, respected by\\nall. He was a whole-souled, genial and exceedingly\\nhumorous man, and a remarkable caricaturist a\\nsecond Nast and used his talents to the edification\\nof the people of those days. Mr. Sweeney s fertile\\nbrain was quick to perceive the eccentricities and\\npeculiarities of an individual, and many a morning\\ncould be seen posted in a conspicuous place the results\\nof his labors, which would convulse all with laughter.\\nOne individual threatened dire vengence should he be\\nthe butt of ridicule, and the day following he was\\nfound in the threatening and ludricous attitude in\\nwhich he uttered his words of warning, which com-\\npletely unmanned him.\\nMr. Keeler, who came to Edwardsburg about 1837,\\nwas a basket and sugar-box maker, and, not possess-\\ning a horse, used to peddle his wares with an ox\\nnamed Bright hitched to a cart, and his strange\\noutfit, coupled with his humorous remarks, never failed\\nto draw a crowd. He was a poet of considerable\\nability, and gave a champaign supper to which a large\\nnumber were invited, and, when all were assembled\\naround the festive board, he recited a piece of original\\npoetry caricaturing each one of his guests, which\\nwas productive of much merriment. He attended a\\nDemocratic meeting at Niles, driving his favorite,\\nBright, whose yoke was profusely decorated with\\nflowers. He went West about 1845, and was lost\\nsight of.\\nDr. Treat came from New York during the thirties,\\nand was a son-in-law of Myron Strong. He was an\\nable practitioner, and was respected by all.\\nDr. I. G. Bugbee came from Vermont to Cass\\nCounty in 1839, and read with Dr. Treat, and then\\nwent to Oakland to practice his profession, but re-\\nturned in 1849. where he remained until his death in\\n1880. He was one of the charter members of Ontwa\\nLodge, No. 47, I. 0. 0. F., and was an honored\\nmember of the fraternity, having been Grand Master\\nof the State Grand Lodge and Representative to the\\nGrand Lodge of the United States. He was an ar-\\ndent Democrat, a lover of education and a respected\\ncitizen. He was a man of ideas, and was free to ex-\\npress them.\\nDethic Hewett was born in Pittston, Luzerne Co.,\\nPenn., December 26, 1795, and removed with his\\nmother (his father having died) to Pike County in\\n1812, and while there oflBciated as Postmaster and\\nJustice of the Peace.\\nIn 1836, he emigrated to Calhoun County, Mich.,\\nand in 1847 to Edward.sburg. where he followed his\\ntrade, that of a blacksmith, until elected to the ofiice\\nof Justice of the Peace in 1850, which office he is\\nnow holding and has filled continuously ever since.\\nHis ofiice has been sought by hundreds matrimonially\\ninclined from Indiana, for they could be united in\\nmarriage here without a license. Although in his\\neighty-seventh year, he still possesses much vigor and\\neasily discharges the duties of his oSice. No more\\nfitting tribute to his honor and integrity can be given\\nthan to mention his long retention in office. His\\nhome is with his son-in-law Dr. R. E. Griffin.\\nHenry Walton, of Saratoga County, N. Y., came\\nto Cass County in 1831, and remained one year,\\nafter which he went back to New York. In 1887,\\nhe settled in Edwardsburg and married Jane Orr, of\\nthat place, in the following year. He was elected\\nCounty Surveyor in 1840, and in 1841 removed to\\nCassopolis, where he died in 1865, and where his\\nwidow now resides. Eleven years of his life were\\nspent in Jefferson Township.\\nJames Boyd came to Edwardsburg from Ogdensburg,\\nN. Y., in 1837, and established a hat shop for the\\nmanufacturing of hats, which industry he conducted\\nfor six yeiirs and it was the only establishment of the\\nkind ever carried on in the county. He did a very\\nlarge business, selling goods in Cassopolis and all the\\ncountry round about. This was a very common busi-\\nness in more eastern settlements in early times. He\\ncarried on his trade in other places for several years\\nand settled in Cassopolis in 1853, where he now\\nresides, and where, for four years from 1861 he\\nengaged in business with Dr. Tompkins.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0389.jp2"}, "390": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe following comprises a complete list of\\nORIGINAL LAND ENTRIES,\\nand this includes the names of many regarding whom\\nno data could be obtained, as neither they nor any\\nrepresentatives of their family now reside in the-\\ncounty\\nSection 1.\\nHavilah Beardsley, Highland County, Ohio, June 29, 183(1... 102\\nSeth Gates, Ashtabula County, Ohio, May 7, 1834 69\\nHenry Smith, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 17, 1844 40\\nHenry W, Smith, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 17, 1844 34\\nSection 2.\\nHenry H, Fowler, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 1, 1830 97\\nAndrew Spear, Chautauqua County, N. Y., May 9, 1832 99\\nLuther Ward, Cass County, Mich., June 29, 1835 -57\\nHenry P. Voorhees, Montgomery County, N. Y., June 29,\\n1835 32\\nMathias Weaver Cass County, Mich., July 2, 1846 86\\nSECfflON 3.\\nPhilander B. Dunning, Erie County, N. Y., May 28, 1832 79\\nCalvin Bibhop, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 16, 1883 36\\nCalvin Bishop, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 16, 1833 79\\nBarrack Mead, Dutchess County, N. Y,, Oct. 21, 1833 75\\nHazard Andrews. Cass County, Mich., .July 11, 1835 80\\nJoel Brown, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1835 80\\nSilas Baldwin, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 3, 1836 112\\nSection 4.\\nLathrop Johnson, Chautauqua County, N. Y., March 2, 1830, 63\\nJohn Garwood, Warren County, Ohio, June 7, 1830 80\\nHiram Rogers and L. Chapin, Niagara County, N. Y., Sept.\\n27,1830 80\\nEzra Miller, Wayne County, Mich., June 4, 183-5 40\\nEzra Miller, Wayne County, Mich., Oct. 5, 1835 40\\nHenry Dwight, Seneca County, N. Y., June 10, 1835 80\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 27, 1836 79\\nA. H. Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 3, 1836 52\\nSection 5.\\nEzra Beardsley, Lenawee (Jounty, Mich., June 18, 1829 57\\nJohn Garwood, Warren County, Ohio, May 15, 1830.. 71\\nHenry Whiling, Wayne County. Mich., Oct. 27, 1830 SO\\nAbiel Silver, Cass County, Mich., May 16, 1835 40\\n.lohn H. Stanley, Livingston County, N. Y., May 16, 1835... 120\\nHenry Dwight, Seneca County, N. Y., June 10, 1835 80\\nWilliam Sage, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 23, 1835 40\\nEdwin Morse, Cass County, Mich., Deo. 12, 1835 40\\nClifford Shanahan, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 17, 1835 40\\nVincent L. Bradford, Cash County, Mich., Jan. 6, 1836 40\\nSection 6.\\nJohn E. Hunt, Wood County, Ohio, June 18, 1829 .59\\nJohn Silsbee, Lenawee County. Mich., June 18, 182 J 77\\nJohn Silsh, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 182 87\\nJohn Silsh, Lenawee (bounty, Mich., June 18, 1829 167\\nEzra Beardsley, Cass County, Mich., June 18, 1829 53\\n.lames Gillespie, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 19, 1829 80\\nJohn Silsbee 86\\nSection 7.\\nEzra Beardsley, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 80\\nJohn E. Schwarz, Wayne County, Mich., Feb. 4, 1831 86\\nWiUon Blackmar, Huron County, Ohio, July 17, 1831 SO\\n.lolin E. Hunt. Wood County. Ohio, Aug. 7, 1831 SO\\nACBE6.\\nHenry J. H. Edwards, May 12, 1830 80\\nJohn Garwood, Warren County, Ohio, May 15, 1830 85\\nIchiel Enos, June 24, 1830 80\\nAsahel Kimbal, Erie County, Penn., Sept. 27, 1830 80\\nSection 8.\\nJohn E. Hunt, June 18, 1829 80\\nWilson Blackmar, July 17, 1829 80\\nWilson Blackmar, Cass County. Mich., June 18, 1830 80\\nCatharine Schwarz, by Trustee, Wayne County, Mich., Oct.\\n26, 1829 80\\nAbiel Silver, May 29, 1835 160\\nJoel Brown, July 18, 18H5 68\\nLuther Humphrey, Oct. 28, 1835 50\\nSection 9.\\nAndrew Jackson, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 1, 1832 40\\nAndrew Jackson. Cass County, Mich., Nov. 9, 1835 40\\nEzra Beardsley, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 8, 1832 40\\nSylvester Meacham, Cass County, Mich., March 28, 1834 40\\nHenry Dwight, June 10, 1835 71\\nHenry Dwight, July 25, 1835 80\\nEzra Miller, July 18, 1835 40\\nIsrael Keed, Wayne County, Mich., July 24, 1835 40\\nCogswell K. Green, Berrien County, .Mich., Oct. 10, 1835 80\\nSection 10.\\nRoswell W. Acres, Chautauqua County, N. Y., Sept. 26, 1831. 80\\nP. B. Dunning, Erie County, N. Y.. May 38, 1832 80\\nBarnabas Eddy, Washtenaw County, Mich., June 30, 1834... 80\\nJasper Eddy, Washtenaw County, Mich., June 23, 1835 80\\nMiles D. Plumb, Cass County, Mich., May 25, 1835 80\\nJohn S. Brown, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1835 80\\nOrrin Silver, Cass County, Mich., March 19, 1836 80\\nHorace Eastman, Ontario County, N. Y., April 21, 1836 80\\nSection 11.\\nJohn Vanatta, Erie County, Penn., Jan. 22, 1831 80\\nBenjamin B. Gates, Chautauqua County, N. Y., July 5, 1831 80\\nR. W. Acres, Chautauqua County, N. Y., Sept. 26, 1831 80\\nA. Spear, Chautauqua County, N. Y., May 9, 1832 80\\nJuno Amelia Adams, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 30, 1832 40\\nJohn Mcintosh, Cass County, Mich., April 27, 1833 80\\nElijah Mowry, Cass County, Mich., .\\\\ug. 28, 1834 80\\nElijah Mowry, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 21, 1835 40\\n.lasper Eddy, Washtenaw County, June 23, 1835 80\\nSection 12.\\nStirling Adams, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 160\\nStirling Adams, July 21, 1831 80\\nStirling Adams, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 26, 1834 120\\nHavilah Beardsley, Highland County, Ohio, June 29, 18.30... 80\\nCharles Kennedy, Saratoga ounty, N. Y., Sept. 3, 1831 80\\nNoah D. Snow, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 6, 1833 80\\nEdward Worth. Case County, Mich., May 14, 1836 40\\nSection 13,\\nGeorge Stevens, Cass County, N. Y., July 31, 1832 40\\nWilliam Eddy, Washtenaw County, Mich., June -30, 1834 280\\nGeorge Redfield, Ontario County, N. Y., Aug. 6, 1834 160\\nGeorge Redfield, t^ass County, Mich., Nov. 6, 1835 40\\nJames Benedict, Cass County, Mich., April 10, 1835 40\\nAsa Griffith, Otsego County, N. Y., June 20, 1835 40\\nSection 14.\\nW. and D. Eddy, Washtenaw County, -Mich., June 30, 1834.. 320\\nElijih Beardsley, Cass County, Mich., July .30, 1834 320\\n1", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0390.jp2"}, "391": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n271\\nSection 15.\\nBarnabas Eddy, June 30, 1834 80\\nElijah Beardsley, July 30, 1831 514\\nSection 16.\\nSchool Lands.\\nSkction 17.\\nG. and S. Meacham, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 18 20 80\\nGeorge Boone, Lenawee County, Mich., July 3, 1829 80\\nJoseph Poole, Wayne, July 5, 1830 80\\nDempster Beatty, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 28, 1830 80\\nDempster Beatty, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 13, 1834 40\\nFred. Garver, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1834 40\\nBarrack Mead, Cass County Mich., Oct. 29, 1835 80\\nAbiel Silver, Cass County, Mich., July 1-5. 183f 160\\nSection 18.\\nJacob Smith, Lenawee County, Mich., June 18, 1829 80\\nG. and S. Meacham, Lenawee County, Mich., Aug. 26, 1829.. 80\\nFred. Garver, Lenawee County, Mich., Sej^- 16, 1829 160\\nGabriel O Dell, Randolph County, Ind., Oct. 26. 1829 80\\nAdam Miller, Franklin County, Ohio, June 7, 1830 87\\nGeorge Crawford, Cass County, Mich., June 24, 1830 80\\nPhilip Shintaffer, Greene County, Ind., Sept. 1, 1830 86\\nSection 19.\\nFred, (iarver, June 18, 1829 154\\nFred. Garver, Sept. 15, 1829 67\\nJoseph Coe, Oct. 26, 1829 84\\nSection 20.\\nNathan C. Tibbits. Cass County, Mich., Sept. 10, 1830 80\\nJacob Smith, Cass County, Mich Sept. 10, 1830 66\\nJacob Graumlich, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 1, 1830 69\\nFred. Garver, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 6, 1834 80\\nSection 21.\\nJacob Graumlich, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 1, 1831 71\\nGeorge Redfield, Ontario County, N. Y., July 6, 1833 70\\nPeleg Redfield, Ontario County, N. Y., July 21, 1834 40\\nA. H. Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 18, 1833 40\\nCharles Hanny, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1834 80\\nSection 22.\\nA. H. ReJfield, March 27, 1833 40\\nGeorge Redfield, March 27, 1833 71\\nPeleg Redfield, July 21, 1834 40\\nHenry Judson, Columbia County, N. Y., April 8, 18.33 71\\nElijah Beardsley, July .30, 1834 80\\nSection 23.\\nPeleg Redfield, July 21. 1834 71\\nElijah Beardsley, .July 30, 18.34 80\\nGeorge Redfield, Aug. 6, 1834 151\\nSection 24.\\nStirling Adams, Feb. 12,1834 40\\nGeorge Redfield, Aug. 6, 1834 l.-)4\\nGeorge Redfield, Aug. 6, 1834 40\\nJames Benedict, April 10,1835 40\\nJohns. Worth, June 20,1835 42\\nThe following interesting document shows that red\\ntape is not a modern invention and that ye landlord\\nof ye olden time must not only be possessed of a good\\nmoral character, but of sufficient ability to keep\\ntavern before he could procure a license to do so\\nMichigan, Cass County: At a township board\\nheld for the township of Ontwa, convened at the house\\nof T. A. H. Edwards in said township, on the second\\nday of January, present: Othni Beardsley, Supervisor,\\nand T. A. H. Edwards, Clerk, and John Bogart,\\nSterling Adams, Sylvester Meacham, Justices of the\\nPeace, all of whom are officers of said township, resid-\\ning therein, and now forming a Township Board, up-\\non the application of T. A. H. Edwards, of the said\\ntownship, for a permit to keep a tavern, in which he now\\nresides, in said township, having duly considered the\\nsaid, it is therefore resolved that T. A. H. Edwards\\nis of good moral character and sufficient ability to keep\\na tavern, that he has accommodations to entertain\\ntravelers, and that a tavern is absolutely necessary at\\nthat place for the actual accommodation of travelers.\\nWe, the undersigned, having satisfactory evidence of\\nthe same, in testimony whereof we have hereunto sub-\\nscribed our names on the day and year and at the\\ntownship named as aforesaid. Onthni Beardsley,\\nSupervisor Sterling Adams, Justice of the Peace\\nJohn Bogart, Justice of the Peace Ezra Beardsley,\\nJustice of the Peace. (Probable date, 1830.)\\nTHE TERRITORIAL ROAD.\\nOne important factor in the early and rapid growth\\nof Edwardsburg was the Territorial road, so-called,\\nwhich passed through it on its way from Detroit to\\nChicago. This road was commenced at its eastern\\nextremity in 1823, but it was many years before\\ncompleted to Lake Michigan.\\nOne peculiarity regarding it was its crookedness,\\nand it used to be said that it was surveyed by a flag\\nand horn, and that the surveyor got far too many\\nhorns. Certain it is that for some consideration the\\nroad was deflected from its course in many instances\\nin order to pass by the door of a settler, and it is\\nclaimed that the brown jug exerted a most potent in-\\nfluence in the case.\\nFrom 1832 to 1840, this road was literally lined\\nwith emigrants who were making their way to the\\nElysian fields of the West, in all manner of convey-\\nances but the canvas-covered Pennsylvania lumber\\nwagon was the favorite vehicle with emigrants, both\\non account of its strength and capaciousness.\\nNeither must we omit the stage coach, which, forty-\\nfive years ago, was an important institution, for it was\\nthe fastest and best public conveyance by land. A\\nline of stage coaches plied between Detroit and\\nChicago, and day after day did they traverse the\\nterritorial road, loaded to the top with passengers and\\nfreight westward bound. It linked the woodland\\nvillages with each other, and kept them all in com-\\nmunication with the outside world. Its coming.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0391.jp2"}, "392": {"fulltext": "272\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwhich was heralded by the stage horn, was always an\\ninteresting event, and the settlement and village\\nhailed its advent as a welcome messenger, bringing\\nrelatives and friends and news from foreign lands.\\nThis was the condition of this place, when the first\\nBoard of Supervisors met, and when was held the first\\ncourt, of which Joseph L. Jacks was Clerk, and to which\\nGeorge Meacham summoned the jury, taking all those\\nqualified, except five, in the territory north and west\\nof St. Joseph County, which was then embraced in\\nthis circuit, as nothing less than the payment of a 50-\\ncent ta.x would qualify them.\\nEDWARDSBURG,\\nSituated as it is in the midst of a magnificent agri-\\ncultural country, with the Territorial road running\\npast its door, acting as a substitute for river naviga-\\ntion, was, at this period (1848) in the height of its\\nglory for it contained a population of about three\\nhundred, three churches, good school and business\\nhouses, and all the necessary adjuncts of a thriving\\nvillage when railroads on either side cut it off from\\nthe outside world. Then the stage coach stopped run-\\nning, and other places, on the line of the railroads, were\\nused .as shipping-points, therefore its business dwin-\\ndled down, merchants packed up their stocks and left,\\nuntil, in 1851 it contained but one small business house,\\nkept by C. Kennedy.\\nBut Edwardsburg, phoenix-like, is redeeming her-\\nself; for when, in 1871, the present Grand Trunk\\nrailroad was completed, it commenceii to rebuild, and\\nnow has a population of 500. It contains three\\ngeneral stores, and, prominent among them, is one\\nkept by C. W. Smith, son of the pioneer merchant,\\nJesse Smith, who has been in business five years. Dyer\\nDunning, son of Allen, the pioneer, is proprietor of one\\nof the three hardware stores. It also contains two drug,\\none grocery, three confectionery, one furniture, three\\nboot and shoe stores, two blacksmith and one harness\\nshop, one undertaker, two wagon makers, two paint-\\ners, three carpenters and builders, one grist-mill, two\\nhotels, one lumber dealer, seven physicians, three\\nchurches, one weekly paper, the Edwardsburg Argus,\\na record of which appears in the general history, and\\none grain elevator, run by H. H. Birdwell, as agent,\\nwhich has a capacity of 16,000 bushels, and from j\\nwhich was shipped for the fiscal year ending July 1.\\n1881, some 89,600 bushels of wheat, 46.100 bushels\\nof corn, 13,400 bushels of oats. They also purchased i\\n1,500 bushels of clover seed, and 500 bushels of rye, j\\nwhicli shows this to be quite a point for grain ship- j\\nments.\\nIt can be said to the credit of this place that no I\\nilrinking saloon can be found within its limits, which\\npresents a wonderful revolution in public sentiment,\\nfor in early days dram drinking was so common that\\nit was found impossible to raise the Baptist Church\\nwithout liquor, which the men demanded, and all\\nlabor ceased until some one procured a jug of whisky,\\nwhich was thrown from bent to bent, until all were\\nsatisfied, when the building was raised without diffi-\\nculty. In these days it was thought necessary to use\\nimmense timbers even in the construction of a house,\\nand many men were required to raise the bents and\\nwhen George Redfield, who was a temperance man,\\nannounced that his house should be raised without\\nliquor, people predicted a failure but he did succeed,\\nand it was the first building in the township raised\\nwithout stimulants. The Edwardsburg Reform Club,\\nwhich was organized March 18, 1877, claim the\\ncredit of closing the saloons, two in number. It has\\na membership of 150, and holds weekly meetings, and\\nis ofiicered at present as follows: President, H. H.\\nBidwell First Vice President, Rev. J. E. King\\nSecond Vice President, J. C. Carmichael Secretary,\\nMrs. Elsie Crandell Assistant Secretary, Miss Kittie\\nVaughn Financial Secretary, Mark Olmsted Treas-\\nurer, Rev. J. B. Fowler Sergeant at Arms, A. J.\\nCurtiss. Edwardsburg also contains the following\\nsecret organizations\\nMASONIC LODGE.\\nSt. Peter s Lodge, No. 106, Free and Accepted\\nMasons, was instituted January 14, 1858, with Israel\\nG. Bugbee, as W. M. George Bignall, S. W.\\nAmasa S. Cook, J. W., as charter officers, and the\\nbalance of the first officers were Cyrus Bacon, Treas-\\nurer Thomas Head, Secretary Uri Case, S. D.\\nAndrew Longstreet, J. D. Isaac Dumbleton, Tiler.\\nThe lodge is in a flourishing condition and has a\\nmembership of sixty-eight. Its regular communica-\\ntions are on last Tuesday on or before the full of the\\nmoon.\\nThe present officers are: J. Boyd Thomas, W-\\nM. Eli Benjamin, S. W. Marion Holland, J. W.\\nAsa Jones, Treasurer Edwin Case, Secretary Orson\\nS. Lothridge, S. D. N. L. Quimby, J. D. A. J.\\nCurtiss, Tiler.\\nODD FELLOWS.\\nCass Encampment, No. 74, was instituted in Cass-\\nopolis February 11, 1874, and removed to Edwards-\\nburg in 1880. The charter officers were R. H.\\nWiley, C. P. H. H. Bidwell, H. P. J. W. Argo,\\nS. W. C. C. Allison, Scribe Henry Tietsort,\\nTreasurer Charles Morgan, Secretary H. Dasher,\\nGuide. It now has seventeen members and regular\\nmeetings are on the second and fourth Tuesday of\\neach month. The present officers are H. Dasher,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0392.jp2"}, "393": {"fulltext": "^w^-y ^^S^\\nfl/THEW H. Ej^AE^SOfJ.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0393.jp2"}, "394": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0394.jp2"}, "395": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n273\\nC. P. Henry Tietsort, H. P. J. B. Sweetknd, S.\\nAV. W. W. Sweetland, Scribe; H. H. Bidwell,\\nTreasurer A. C. Cook, Guide C. Colby, J. S.\\nOntwa Lodge, No. 49, I. 0. 0. F., had a charter\\ngranted them July 18, 1850. The first ofiicers were\\nHenry Lockwood, N. G. A. Reading, V. G. I. G-\\nBugbee, Secretary who has been Grand Master of\\nthe State J. B. Cooper, Treasurer. This lodge is in\\na very flourishing condition owns the property where\\nthey meet, valued at $2,500 has a fine regalia and\\nfifty-eight members. The present officers are: W-\\nW. Sweetland, N. G. B. 0. Purt, V. G. E. D\\nBement, R. Sec. H. Dasher, F. Secretary H. H.\\nBidwell, Treasurer. Regular meetings every Saturday\\nnight.\\nPRESBYTEKIAN CHURCH.\\nRev. Luther Humphrey was sent as a missionary\\nto Cass County from New England, by the American\\nHome Missionary Society, and arrived at Edwards-\\nburg October 2, 1830. The following day he preached\\nto a small congregation in the house of Jacob Smith,\\nand continued to hold services in various places,\\nwhen March 4, 1831, Sylvester Meachani, Mrs. Har-\\nriet Meacham, and Sarah Humphrey, wife of Luther\\nHumphrey, decided to organize a church and adopted\\na resolution to admit no one to membership who\\nwould not abstain from the use of ardent spirits as an\\narticle of drink. March 6, 1831, the above-named\\npersons were solemnly constituted a Church of Christ,\\nand two infants were baptized and the Lord s Supper\\nadministered.\\nSeptember 4, 1832, they adopted the Congrega-\\ntional mode of church government, agreeable to a\\nplan of union proposed by the General Assembly of\\nthe Presbyterian Church, as neither the Presbyterians\\nnor Congregatio nalists were strong enough to maintain\\na church. Sylvester Meachara was chosen the first\\nDeacon and Silas Meacham the first Clerk. The\\nrecords do not show when the first church was erected,\\nbut the second one was constructed in 1855, and\\ndedicated April 7, 1856.\\nApril 18, 1877, the church members, by a majority\\nvote, decided to join the Kalamazoo Presbytery, and\\nelected Elders on the rotary plan, and the church\\nnow belongs to the Presbyterian denomination.\\nThe church, which now has a pastor, Rev. J. B.\\nFowler, has a membership of seventy-six, and the\\nDeacons are S. B. Hadden, George M. Hadden, C.\\nS. Olmsted, W. H. Starr and R. S. Griffin.\\nElder Rev. Humphrey, before referred to, returned\\nEast where he deceased. He was a rank Abolitionist\\nand would use nothing the result of slave labor neither\\nwould he use wine at the sacrament, using the juice\\nof grapes as a substitute.\\nBAPTIST CHUKCH.\\nElder Jacob Price was one of the pioneer ministers\\nof the Gospel, coming here in 1833 to promulgate the\\nprinciples of the Baptist Church, of which he was a\\nmember. He preached in Edwardsburg and Cassopo-\\nlis each alternate Sabbath until 1836. when he locat-\\ned on the land now owned by Edward Shanahan, in\\nJeflFerson, and preached regularly in Edwardsburg until\\n1842, when he removed to Cassopolis. It was under\\nhis ministrations that the Baptist Church was organ-\\nized. May 14, 1834 and Myron Strong, Luther\\nChapin and Barak Mead were elected Trustees. The\\nchurch was at one time in a very flourishiag condition,\\nbut now hardly numbers twenty-five members. They\\nhave a frame house of worship.\\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nThe Methodist Episcopal Church was organized\\nFebruary 13, 1837, the first Trustees being Hiram\\nRogers, Clifibrd Shanahan, Leonard Hains, H. A.\\nChapman and Asa Smith.\\nIt now has a membership of ninety-two, a comforta-\\nble brick church and substantial parsonage. D. Strat-\\nton is Superintendent of the Sunday school, which\\nnumbers 105 scholars, who draw reading matter from\\na library of 150 volumes. The following list of pas-\\ntors has been furnished us Revs. Knox, Williams,\\nJones, Van Order, Meek, Tooker, Collins, Worthing-\\nton, Kellogg, Stanley, Shaw, Erkenbrack, Eldred,\\nGranger, Hall, Pitezelt, Robinson, Ringold, Boynton,\\nJohnson, George, Miller, Smith, Burns, Hicks, Bell,\\nRobison and Iloyt.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nClearly recognizing the importance of education,\\nthe pioneer fathers, as early as 1829 or 1830, organ-\\nized a school, which was taught by Ann Wood, in\\none part of the double log house of Wilson Blackmar,\\nbelow the present residence of Orrin Silver. The\\nnext school of which we learn was taught by Angeline\\nByrd, in a house on Main street, in Edwardsburg,\\nwhich was no departure from the prevailing style of\\narchitecture in those primitive times, for it was built\\nof logs, and the scholars were subjected to all the dis-\\ncomforts incident to so rude and unfinished a struct-\\nures.\\nIt appears that several buildings were utilized for\\nthe purpose of holding school, and in which religious\\nservices were also held, for several years, and not un-\\ntil the summer of 1836 was the first schoolhouse erect-\\ned in the village and on a lot donated for this purpose\\nby Abiel Silver. After a time, this house was found\\ninadequate to accommodate the numerous scholars,\\nand by a great effort the workers in the cause of edu-\\ncation succeeded in causing to be erected a building", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0395.jp2"}, "396": {"fulltext": "274\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNT?, MICHIGAN.\\nnow known as the old brick, which was built in\\n1845 or 1846, which is now occupied by Joel Case.\\nThis building, 24x30 feet, did good service in the in-\\nterests of education, and within its four walls 115\\nscholars were taught, in 1856 and 1857, by Moses H.\\nLee, who extended, for a time, the school hours to from\\nten to twelve hours, and even then was unable to\\nhear the large classes more than twice a week, the\\nsmaller ones receiving instructions four times a day\\nIn 1861, the present schoolhouse was erected at an\\nexpense of ^3,000, with a seating capacity of 200.\\nWith additional improvements, the property is now\\nvalued at $4,000. This is known as District No. 3,\\nand is a graded school, employing three teachers, one\\nmale and two females, who were paid the last fiscal\\nyear $1,090.\\nThere are 185 scholars between the ages of five and\\ntwenty years in this district. The first school district\\ncreated was nine miles square in extent, one-half of\\nwhich was within the limits of the present town of\\nJefferson. Ontwa now has five school districts, with\\na school population of 407. District No. 1 has a\\nframe building, valued at $100 the value placed on\\nit by the School Board with a seating capacity of\\nthirty No. 2, brick building, value $600, seating\\ncapacity forty No. 4, frame building, value $450,\\nseating capacity forty No. 5, brick building, value\\n$500, seating capacity sixty No. 6, frame building,\\nvalue $200, seating capacity twenty-four. The aggregate\\namount paid teachers the last fiscal year was $1,736,\\nonly $550 of which was paid for male teachers.\\nAmong some of the early teachers, could be men-\\ntioned Charlotte Hastings, Sebina Straw, Emma\\nCleveland, Mr. Rogers, Samuel Adams and ex-Judge\\nH. H. Coolidge, now of Niles, Berrien County, who\\ntaught in the winters of 1839, 1840-41. He subse-\\nquently rented rooms in the building now occupied\\nH. B. Mead, as a hardware store, and for six years\\nconducted one of the most successful select schools\\never taught in the county. It became very celebrated,\\nand attracted scholars from all parts of the county,\\nmany of whom are now living, and refer with pride to\\nthis school, which closed in 1846.\\nThere is quite a difference of opinion regarding\\nsome of the early school teachers, and we therefore\\npresent a list specially prepared by J. C. Olmsted,\\nwhich differs somewhat from those above given\\nWinter of 1829-30, Thomas H. Edwards, in his\\nhouse on Main street winter 1830- \u00e2\u0096\u00a0I, Henry Wal-\\nton, in the house of Ezra Beardsley, on the bank of\\nPleasant Lake; summer 1831, Ann Wood, in Wilson\\nBlackmar s house; summer 1832, Charlotte Hastings,\\nin a log house near John Bogart s, on the prairie.\\nThis same building was used for school purposes.\\nwith teachers as follows; winter 1832-83, Mary\\nMeacham summer 1833, A. G. Jones winter 1833-\\n34, Erastus Geary.\\nIn the winter of 1834-35, Myron F. Barber taught\\nI school in a log house in Edwardsburg, followed by\\nj Angeline Byrd, in 1835-36, and Sylvanus Trask, who\\nj taught in the winter of 1836-37, in a house south of\\nI Main street. On the completion of the schoolhouse, the\\nI following teachers taught in succession Seba Straw,\\nSamuel Adams, Cynthia Silver, Samuel T. Rogers.\\nI Other teachers are mentioned as follows Mills Hum\\nj phry, A. J. Smith, 0. M. Dunning, Rhemus Cook,\\nLouisa Dean, Ruth Mead, Ebenezer Farewell, A. J.\\nDean, C. D. Thomas, Mr. Petitt, Ruth Mead, Mary\\nAnn Smith, Alice Hewett, Ednah S. Lee et al.\\nThis township was named after an Indian maiden, who\\nwas in the household of Abraham Edwards, of Detroit for\\nj several years, and was organized by an act of the Territo-\\nrial government, approved November 5, 1829, the enact-\\ning clause reading: That all that part of the county\\nof Cass known as the south half of Township No. 7,\\nand fractional Township No. 8 south, in Ranges No.\\nI 13. 14, 15 and 16 west, be a township by the name of\\nj Ontwa, and the first township meeting shall be held\\nat the house of Ezra Beardsley, in said township.\\nThe other townships were erected from this until re-\\nduced to its present size, as will appear in the general\\nhistory.\\nThe boundaries were surveyed by William Brook-\\nfield, and also the subdivisions, the latter being com-\\npleted July 11, 1828, and it was on the bank of\\nPleasant Lake that an observation was taken, which\\nestablished a base for the survey of southwestern\\nMichigan.\\nAlmost the entire surface of this township is a rich\\nsandy loam, and highly productive, and as it lies very\\nlevel, is easily tilled, producing large crops of the\\ncereals of this State.\\nTwelve lakes dot its surface, six of which are digni-\\nfied with names as follows Pleasant, Spring, Co-\\nbert s, Garver s, Eagle and Christianna, the latter only\\npartially lying in this township.\\nPleasant Lake is one of the many delightful and\\nattractive sheets of water to be found all over the State,\\nand affords to the people of Edwardsburg and vicinity,\\nan opportunity for recreation and sport which is\\n1 largely embraced.\\ni There are in Ontwa ninety-two farms, having a\\ntotal of 9,915 acres, 8,060 of which is improved, and\\ncould Ezra Beardsley, who went West in 1833, again\\nrevisit the scenes of his early labors and note the fine\\nfarm buildings and cultivated fields, it would appear\\nas if some Alladin hand had wrought the wonderful\\ntransformation, but the presence of a population of", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0396.jp2"}, "397": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n1,145 active, energetic, intelligent people would show\\nhim that it was not a myth, but a startling revelation\\nof what has been accomplished in fifty-six short years.\\nThe following comprises a list of the principal town-\\nship ofiicers up to 1881\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1881, Ezra Beardsley 1832-34, Dempster Real-\\nty 1835, George Meacham 1836-38, Joel Brown;\\nl 839-40-41, C. W. Denton, James L. Glenn 1842,\\nAVilliam Bacon 1843, Myron Strong; 1844, James\\nW. Griffin 1845, George Redfield 1846, Myron\\nStrong 1847-48, Cyrus Bacon 1849, Joseph L.\\nJacks 1850, James W. Griffiin 1851, N. Aldrich\\n1852, Cyrus Bacon 1853-54, Charles Haney 1855,\\nA. Longstreet; 1856, Charles Haney; 1857, Aaron\\nLisle 1858-60, Charles Haney 1861, Moses H.\\nLee 1862-64, Charles Haney 1865, George F. Sil-\\nver 1866-67. Charles Haney; 1868-72, J. B.\\nThomas; 1873-75, Moses H. Lee; 1876-77, Noah\\nS. Beardsley 1878-80, William K. Hopkins 1881,\\nDavis S. Minier.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1831, George Meacham 1832-33, Eber Root;\\n1834, Ariel Robertson 1835, Joseph L. Jacks 1836,\\nSilas Baldwin 1837, W. H. Vandeventer 1838-40,\\nJoseph L. Jacks 1841, H. A. Chapin 1842, Edwin\\nClark; 1843, E. Taylor; 1844-45, Abiel Silver;\\n1846, N. Aldrich 1847, J. S. Brady 1848, S. Van\\nAntwerp 1849, D. S. Kenson 1850, William R.\\nSheldon 1851, Kellogg Allen 1852, JohnL. Brown\\n1853-54, J. Silver 1855, Kellogg Allen 1856,\\nDavid Bement 1857, F. Wilkinson 1858, A. B.\\nPatmer 1859, S. Van Antwerp 1860-61, M. B.\\nRobbing 1862-63, Joseph L. Jacks 1864-65, A.\\nS. Cook 1866-67, N. S. Brady 1868, 0. H. San-\\nford 1869-72, George Rogers 1873, J. W. Argo;\\n1874, J. A. Howard 1875, H. H. Bedwell 1876-\\n77, George F. Silver 1878-79, George Bement\\n1880-81, Henry Van Tilberg.\\n1831-38, T. A. H. Edwards 1834, Luther Chapin;\\n1835-36, B. F. Silver 1837-39, H. H. Coolidge\\n1840, H. Eastman 1841, George Sherwood 1842,\\nMyron Strong 1843, T. T. Glenn 1844-45, Harvey\\nOlds 1846-47, B. D. Sherwood 1848, E. M. Cur-\\ntis 1849-50, B. D. Sherwood; 1851, H. Van\\nAntwerp; 1852, E. Shaw; 1853, S. F. Ward;\\n1854, Isaac Brown; 1855, 0. M. Dunning; 1856\\n-57, J. Silver; 1858-59, Moses H. Lee; 1860,\\nL. H. Glover 1861, C. Kennedy 1862-64, S. H.\\nLee 1865-66, George F. Silver 1867-70, J. C.\\nSchock; 1871-72, William K. Hopkins; 1873,\\nStephen Bacon 1874, J. A. Luckenbach 1875, G.\\nF. Bugbee; 1876, William H. Shaw; 1877, Manjuis\\nD. Mealoy 1878, Percy Head 1879, Charles A.\\nBugbee 1880-81, Daniel Stratton.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nHON. GEORGE REDFIELD.\\nThe venerable pioneer and patriarch who is the\\nsubject of this sketch was born at Suffield, Conn.,\\nOctober 6, 1796. He is a descendant of one of the\\nold and notable families of New England, the founder\\nof which in America was William Redfield (or Redfen)\\nwho emigrated from England and settled in Vermont\\nabout 1639. The name was spelled in various ways\\nuntil the third generation when it became fixed in the\\npresent form. Theophilus Redfield, grandson of\\nWilliam, was the great-grandfather of the man whose\\nname stands at the head of this article. His son\\nGeorge had eight sons, of whom Peleg, the youngest,\\nwas the father of our subject. The mother of George\\nRedfield was Polly Judd, a descendant of the Judd\\nwho is famous as the man who first moved the ques-\\ntion of a State Constitution for Connecticut. In the\\nyear 1800, Peleg Redfield removed with his family to\\nClifton Springs, N. Y., and there began the life of\\npioneer, enduring hardships even greater than those\\nborne by the pioneers of the next generation in the\\nfarther West. It was there in the thick woods that\\nGeorge Redfield was reared and obtained the very\\nlimited education aS orded by the primitive schools of\\nthe time, which were sustained by two or three neigh-\\nboring families and conducted by teachers whose qual-\\nifications did not enable them to give instruction\\nexcept in the rudiments of reading, writing and\\narithmetic. Until he was twenty-four years old, he\\nhad no other than those opportunities for obtaining\\nan education. In the year 1820, however, he was\\nenabled to spend a brief season in the Middleburg\\n(N. Y.) Academy, and that was the conclusion of his\\nschool days. When he was twenty-five years of age\\nhe had a good farm under cultivation but in 1822 left\\nit under the charge of a tenant and went to Georgia,\\nwhere he spent nearly or perhaps quite four years, as\\na teacher in the families of the large planters in\\nBaldwin County. He had among his pupils many\\nwho were afterward men of note in the State. He\\ngained a very intimate knowleilge of Southern life\\nand the character of the people, and predicted even\\nthen, when slavery was in its palmiest stage of exist-\\nence, its ultimate overthrow. In July, 1826, he\\nreturneil to New York and resumeil farming. In\\n1 ^31, he made a trip through Southern Michigan,\\nthe fame of which hail but a short time before reached", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0397.jp2"}, "398": {"fulltext": "276\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthe East. He was very favorably impressed with the\\ncountry, and, after one or two more tours of inspection,\\nbought, in 1834, eight hundred acres of fine land\\nwhere he now resides. After spending about three\\nmonths in visiting his brother Alexander H. RedBeld,\\nEsq., in Cassopolis, he returned to New York. He\\nwas married June 9, 1835, to Julia Augusta Mason,\\ndaughter of Samuel and Martha (Lee) Mason, of\\nPalmyra. She was his valued helpmeet until her\\ndeath August 29, 1848. Immediately after his mar-\\nriage Mr. Redfield removed to Michigan, but did not\\ndispose of his New York farm until several years\\nlater, when the success of his Western venture was\\nbeyond doubt. In 1836, he bought of Government\\n3,000 acres of land in Calvin Township 1,000 in\\nJefferson, and 1,000 in Mason, besides other and\\nsmaller tracts purchased at different periods later,\\nmaking a total of nearly 10,000 acres. In 1837, he\\nbought the only water-power saw-mill in Jeflerson\\nTownship, rebuilt it in 1850, and again in 18t)2, after\\nit was burned, in connection with a grist-mill which\\nis still carried on.\\nMr. Redfield never sought nor desired public office,\\nenjoying the quiet of home life, reading and the man- i\\nagement of his extensive farm but honors have\\ncrowded thickly upon him. He evinced a high order\\nof executive ability, and many other qualities of mind\\nwhich fitted him for the occupation of places of trust\\nand responsibility in the service of the people, and\\nthese, combined with his popularity, made it impossi-\\nble that he should remain in private life. He was\\nelected a Representative to the State Legislature in\\n1841, and served in the State Senate the three suc-\\nceeding years. During this period, his influence and\\nexertions were the chief instruments in securing the\\nliberal exemption laws, which have since been copied\\nby the Legislatures of most of the Western States,\\nand have done much to prevent the oppression of poor\\ndebtors, to diminish pauperism and encourage those\\nwho are struggling with adversity. In 1844, he was\\nelected Presidential Elector on the Democratic ticket.\\nIn 1845, he was appointed by Gov. Barry to the\\noffice of State Treasurer, and in the following year\\ndeclined a re-election. In 1850, he was nominated by\\nGov. Barry, who was then serving his third term, to\\nthe position of Secretary of State, and, being con-\\nfirmed by the Senate, accepted the office, and dis-\\ncharged its duties until the adjournment of the Legis-\\nlature, when he resigned. The same year, he was\\nelected a member of tlie convention which framed the\\npresent constitution of Michigan. His influence in\\nthe convention was strong, and he left its impress\\nupon the instrument then formed. He labored par-\\nticularly for the incorporation of the exemption laws,\\nwhich he had a hand in framing, when he was in the\\nSenate. The provision for the free-school system also\\nreceived his hearty support. After the adjournment\\nof this Convention, he returned to his farm, and has\\nsince refused to hold public office.\\nOn the 14th of September, 1854,. Mr. Redfield mar-\\nried his second wife, Jane E., daughter of Hon. Gid-\\neon Hammond, of Essex County, N. Y., who lived\\nwith him until her death in November, 1865. She\\nleft one son and three daughters.\\nPolitically, Mr. Redfield is a Jeffersonian Democrat,\\nand sti-ong in his convictions. During the four years\\nhe spent in the South, he gained a very thorough\\nknowledge of the institution of slavery and of the\\ncharacter of its adherents. Although heartily desir-\\ning the discontinuance of slavery, he never adopted\\nextreme abolition views. It is his belief that had it\\nbeen let alone it would have suffered gradual decay,\\nand the benefits of freedom would have been secured\\nto the blacks without the terrible political convulsion,\\nbloodshed and sectional animosity which attended its\\nforcible abolition. His practical friendship for the\\ncolored people has been demonstrated very fully by\\nthe nature of his dealings with them. A large pro\\nportion of the negro settlers in Calvin, who bought\\ntheir lands of him, are indebted to his magnanimity\\nand lenience for their present prosperity. In a num-\\nber of instances payments have been deferred for a\\nperiod of twenty years, the value of the lands in that\\nperiod increasing many times. And so it happens, that\\nalthough of the opposite political party, no man in the\\ncounty is looked upon with more gratitude and confi-\\ndence by the colored people than he. They have con-\\nstantly gone to him for favors and help, and never have\\nturned away without some assistance. His generosity\\nis really proverbial.\\nThe furegoing narrative of his life shows the prom-\\ninent features of George Redfield s character. To\\nsum up in the language of another, lie is steady, in-\\ndustrious, of unswerving integrity, and is possessed of\\nmore than ordinary business ability he is without\\npolitical ambition or greed of gain, and is possessed\\nof sound. common sense and good insight into char-\\nacter, which guides the exercise of his generous prac-\\ntical pliilanthropy domestic in disposition, yet a\\nleader among his neighbors in public enterprise.\\nSince 1871, Mr. Redfield has been almost totally\\nblind, and while that infirmity has been a great re-\\nstraint in some directions, it has increased his mental\\nactivity and developed a richness and subtlety of\\nthought which prove the fineness of his mental fiber.\\nHis affliction has been borne with the sublimest pa-\\ntience and submission. His motto, we are told, is,\\nbe temperate, and lie illustrates not only in abstain-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0398.jp2"}, "399": {"fulltext": "GEORGE F^OGEF^S.\\nGEORGE ROGERS.\\nThe subject of this memoir, George Rogers, was\\nborn in Palmyra. Wayne County, N. Y., June 7,\\n1829, and is a son of John and Mary (Mason) Rog-\\ners. The elder Rogers was known to all where he\\nresided as honest John Rogers, which title was most\\nworthily bestowed.\\nHaving arrived at manhood s estate, George decided\\nto visit the West, and cast his lot with the enterpris-\\ning people there to be found, and accordingly, in 1852,\\ncame to Michigan and for one year acted in the capac-\\nity of clerk at Coldwater, and then removed to Elk-\\nhart, Ind., where he clerked in the post office one\\nyear, and in 1854 moved on the farm of 165 acres in\\nMason, which he had purchased the year previous,\\nand where he remained until his death, December 28,\\n1879. Not being a man of much physical strength,\\nin addition to farming, which he conducted successful-\\nly, he devoted considerable attention to fire insurance,\\nand, in the capacity of agent, insured nearly all the\\nproperty in the southern portion of the county. He\\nalso purchased large quantities of fruit for shipment.\\nHis business kept his time fully occupied, so that\\nlittle attention was paid to politics, he affiliating with\\nthe Democratic party still, he filled the office of Jus-\\ntice of the Peace two terms. Township Treasurer, etc.\\nHis public and private business was conducted in a\\nmanner to win the confidence and esteem of all, for the\\nmantle of honesty worn by the father had descended\\nto the son.\\nHe was married October 1, 1854, to Elizabeth,\\ndaughter of Elias and Sarah (Frost) Manning, who\\nwas born in Miami County, Ohio, November 21,\\n1831, and who when two years old removed to Indi-\\nana with her parents.\\nHer father in the war of 1812 was under Gen.\\nHarrison at the siege of Fort Wayne, and was pressed\\ninto the service to carry provisions at the time of\\nHull s surrender at Detroit. Her grandfather, John,\\nwas one of the pioneers of Ohio, and built the first\\ngrist-mill where Cincinnati now stands, when a small\\nhuddle of houses constituted the embryo city. In\\n1798, he went to Piqua, Miami County, Ohio, where\\nhe built a grist-mill, and where his son Elias, the first\\nwhite child in the county, was born.\\nWilliam Frost left his native State, North Caroli-\\nna, to escape the demoralizing efiects of slavery, and\\nwhen entering the now State of Ohio was obliged to\\ncut his own roads through the almost impenetrable\\nforests. Mrs. Rogers resides on the old homestead\\nwith her two sons. Manning E., born April 27, 1857,\\nand Charles M., born September 28, 1862.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0399.jp2"}, "400": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0400.jp2"}, "401": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n277\\ning from the use of spirituous liquors and tobacco, but\\nin every habit of his life and in every arrangement of\\nhis househohl. Peace, order and quiet contentment\\nare about him, and the special tenderness and regard\\nwhich his affliction has called forth show the strong\\naftection of his family and friends. He is connected\\nwith no society whatever and while not deprecating\\nbenevolent and religious organizations, believes that\\nas the race advances toward the practical recognition\\nof universal brotherhood and obedience to true spirit-\\nual philosophy, sects and societies now the works\\nchiefly of controversies and divisions will disap-\\npear, and all humanity be merged in one universal\\nchurch, needing neither canons nor bishops, creeds nor\\nceremonials.\\nMr. Redfield is now in his eighty-sixth year, and\\nhis faculties are in a wonderful slate of preserva-\\ntion, while his physical health is far superior to\\nthe condition which might be expected in one of his\\nyears. His old age has been passed in serene con-\\ntentment at his home upon his large and beautiful\\nfarm, inclosed and partitioned with seven miles of liv-\\ning fence as fair an agricultural domain as can be\\nseen in the State. His remaining years can at the\\nbest be very few, and when the end of the earth-chap-\\nter of life shall be reached, the eyes, closed for the\\npast ten years to the beauties of nature which he once\\nlooked upon so fondly, will be opened to more lovely\\nsights.\\nThe Redfields are, by his first wife Ann Maria,\\nJulia Augusta and Lewis H., the latter deceased\\nand by his second wife George Hammond, Bertha,\\nMyra J. and Abbie.\\nREV. ARIEL SILVER.\\nThe subject of this sketch, by inherent force of\\ncharacter, superior educational advantages and favor-\\nable environments, exercised, perhaps, as large an\\ninfluence, socially, morally and politically, upon the\\ncharacter of society in the southern portion of Cass\\nCounty, during the first twenty years of its settle-\\nment, as any individual could exercise in that era of\\npersonal independence.\\nHe was born in Hopkinton, N. H., April 3, 1797,\\nand yas the fifth son of -John and Mary (Buell) Silver.\\nThe family included six sons and two daughters all of\\nwhom, finally, became pioneers and residents of this\\ncounty. The boys received a common school educa-\\ntion and were taught their father s trade, that of brick\\nand stone masonry.\\nJohn Silver, the father, died in Elkhart County.\\nInd., in 1843, aged eighty years, his wife surviving\\nhim five years. Jacob died in Cossopolis in 1872, aged\\neighty-six years John returned to New Hampshire\\nand died in 1864, aged seventy years Jeremiah died\\nin Pokagon in 1876, aged eighty-six years Josiah\\ndied in Pokagon in 1870, aged seventy years; Mar-\\ngaret died in Elkhart, Ind., in 1878, aged seventy-\\nnine years; Joan is living in Elkhart and Benjamin F.\\nin Pokagon, aged respectively eighty and seventy-four\\nyears.\\nIn 1825, Abiel migrated to St. Lawrence County,\\nN. Y., where he engaged in teaching, met and married\\nEdna Hastings, and afterward engaged in mercantile\\npursuits. One child, a daughter, was born to them\\nwho, with his wife, survive him.\\nIn 1830, he removed to Chautauqua County, and in\\ncompany with his youngest brother, Benjamin F.,\\nopened a stock of goods, but they caught the far-\\nwestern fever of the day and, after enlarging their\\ncapital by including Jacob in the firm, determined to\\nship their wares to Chicago or Ottawa, the precise\\nlocation to be determined after their arrival at the\\nformer port.\\nBenjamin remained temporarily to close up their\\ncollections Jacob embarked with the goods and Abiel\\nstarted overland for health, pleasure and observation.\\nWhile journeying along the military road between\\nDetroit and Chicago, he was so impressed by the\\nbeauty and fertility of Beardsley s Prairie and the\\nglowing prospects of the thriving village of Eilwards-\\nburg, that he halted and wrote Jacob to at once reship\\nthe goods to that point, via the St. Joseph River.\\nVarious causes served to delay until so late in the fall\\nof 1831 that the last boat load was frozen in the\\nriver, thus necessitating a long and expensive portage,\\nbut all was finally received and displayed for sale,\\nor barter, in a large log storeroom, and the business\\nof the Silver Brothers fairly launched.\\nIn 1832, upon the location of the county seat at\\nCassopolis, the Silvers opened a branch there which\\nwas under the management of Jacob.\\nDuring the Sauk war panic, Abiel was drafted into\\nCapt. Butler s company, and marched with the Mich-\\nigan contingent to Chicago, declining the offer of his\\nunmarried brother, Benjamin, to serve as his substi-\\ntute.\\nIn 1835, the partnership of the brothers terminat-\\ned, Jacob retaining the Cassopolis plant (which then\\nincluded a distillery and a well-filled store), Benjamin\\nthe Edwardsburg stock, and Abiel embarking his\\nwithdrawn capital in real estate speculations, until, in\\n1838, he repurchased Benjamin s business and (in\\ncompany with a Mr. Emerson, who died the following\\nyear) resumed trade. In 1839, a cargo of merchan-\\ndise, valued at $20,000, consigned to him, was lost in\\nLake Erie, and his reimbursement from salvage and\\ninsurance was only partial. This loss, with the gen*", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0401.jp2"}, "402": {"fulltext": "2 78\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\neral stringency of the wild-cat panic days, caused\\nhis failure. He assigned his property to his creditors\\n(who showed their appreciation of his integrity by\\nplacing it back in his hands for realization) and went\\nthrough bankruptcy, obtaining a release on an honor-\\nable compromise. In after years he paid the balances\\nin full, although under no legal obligation to do so.\\nAt about this time his residence, a fine brick build-\\ning on the bank of the lake, noted in those days for\\nits elegance and hospitality, was burned, and a small-\\ner one built by his brothers on the bee plan.\\nFrom the beginning of his stay in Edwardsburg, he\\nwas acknowledged leader in every good work. He gave\\ngave the sites of each of the three churches there, and\\ncontributed largely to their building and support. He\\nwas an Associate Judge of the county and a member\\nof the second Convention of Assent to the terms of\\nadmission to the Union, held at Ann Arbor Decem-\\nber 14, 1836. He voted for Adams in 1824, but for\\nJackson in 1828, and subsequently identified himself\\nwith the Democratic party.\\nIn 1846, he was appointed Commissioner of the\\nState Land Office, by Gov. Felch, and was re-appointed\\nby Govs. Greenly and Ransom, serving until 1850.\\nDuring this service the State Capitol was removed,\\nand its location on a school section in Lansing,\\nwas largely due to his persistent efforts, instigated by\\na zeal for the welfare of the State School Fund.\\nThrough the malpractice of a drunken surgeon, in\\n1834, he lost an arm, and was led through specula-\\ntion upon the sensation of feeling it still in its place,\\nafter its removal, to examine the theories and doc-\\ntrines of Swedenborg, which investigation resulted, in\\nJanuary, 1844, in his adopting the New Church be-\\nlief, and entering upon a course of study preparatory to\\nits advocacy.\\nIn 1850, he closed up his affairs in this county and\\ncommenced preaching at Marshall, whence he removed\\nto Detroit. He afterward established a Seminary,\\nunder Swedenborgian auspicies, at Con-too-cook-ville,\\nN. H., which is still flourishing and upon a firm basis.\\nThe remainder of his life was spent in this ministry,\\nat Wilmington, Del., New York City, Hopkington,\\nN. H., Salem, Mass., and in 1867 he was finally set-\\ntled over the church at Boston Highlands.\\nHe was a successful preacher and vigorous writer,\\npublishing a very large number of books, pamphlets\\nand tracts, in defense of his faith.\\nOn Sunday evening, March 27, 1881, while return\\ning from an exchange, at Salem, where he had\\npreached that day, he stepped off the train, while it\\nwas stopped on a bridge over the harles River, fell\\nthrough the ties, and was drowned. He was univer-\\nsally respected and widely mourned.\\n-JOSEPH L. .JACKS.\\nj Joseph L. Jacks was born in Harbor Creek, Erie\\nI County, Penn., May 18, 1804. He was the son of\\nRobert and Ann (Robinson) .Jacks, who reared a fam-\\nily of ten children, six boys and four girls. The elder\\nJacks was a farmer, honest and upright,and one of\\nthe first settlers of Erie County. Both died on the\\nfarm they improved, the father in 1883, in the sixty-\\nseventh year of his age, and the mother in 1868, in\\nher eighty-sixth year. Joseph L. shared the priva-\\ntions and hardships of a pioneer family and received\\nsuch an education as was afforded by the district school\\nof that early day. He remained under the parental\\nroof until 1827, when he went to Chautauqua County,\\nN. Y., where he remained two years, when he decided\\nto emigrate to Michigan. In September of 1827, he\\nwas married to Miss Susannah Silsbee, and the follow-\\ning year Mr. Silsbee came to Ontwa and located on\\nI the southwest side of Pleasant Lake. In 1829, Mr.\\nI Jacks and his young wife followed them, and with\\nthem remained five years.\\nI Very soon after Mr. Jack s emigration he took a\\nI prominent part in the affairs of the little settlement.\\nIn 1830, he was appointed by Gov. Cass as County\\nClerk.\\nIn 1831, he was Assessor of Ontwa under its first\\norganization, which embraced an area of about 144\\nsquare miles, he made the assessment in just five days.\\nThe following year came the Sauk war, and Mr.\\nJacks was one of the number who went to defend the\\nI homes of the pioneers. He was afterward commis-\\nI sioned by the Governor as a Lieutenant. In 1848-49,\\nhe represented Ontwa in the Board of Supervisors.\\nThe life of Mr. Jacks has been almost wholly de-\\nvoted to agricultural pursuits, and the farm which he\\npurchased in 1840 was his home until 1874, when he\\nretired from active business, and removed to Edwards-\\nburg.\\nMr. Jacks has been twice married, the last time to\\nAlvira Penwell she was born in Indiana in 1824,\\nand died in 1872.\\nBy the first marriage there were two children John\\nS. and Mrs. T. J. Jordan, of Marcellus; by the second\\nthree Mrs. Harwood, of Jefferson Mrs. K. Shan-\\nahan, of Ontwa and Miss Belle, a young lady of\\nmuch promise, who died in 1879, in her twentieth\\nyear.\\nIn his political convictions, Mr. Jacks is a Demo-\\ncrat, in his religious views he is liberal, according to\\nall the right to be guided by the dictates of con-\\nscience.\\nHe is now in his seventy-eighth year, hale and\\nhearty, and enjoying the fruition of a well-spent life.\\nSocially, he is genial and pleasant, winning the regard", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0402.jp2"}, "403": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n279\\nof all with whom he comes in contact. He is always\\ndisposed to look upon the better side of life, and has\\nan unlimited fund of anecdote and jokes, with which\\nhe regales his friends. He has been closely identi-\\nfied with the interests of Ontwa for over half a cen-\\ntury, and among the founders of the county holds a\\nprominent position.\\n.TAMES L. GLENN.\\nJames L., or Col. Glenn, as he was commonly\\ncalled, was one of the early residents and prominent\\nmen of Cass County. He was a native of Pennsyl-\\nvania, and most of his early life was spent in Phila-\\ndelphia. He acquired a good education, and adopted\\nthe profession of a civil engineer, which he followed\\nsuccessfully upon public works until he came West in\\n1834. He first located at Niles, but soon afterward\\nremoved to Cass County, and settled upon a farm on\\nthe south side of Beardsley s Prairie. He was elected\\nSheriff and Representative in the State Legislature.\\nHe was not a political aspirant, and held no other\\nelective offices than these, but was several times ap-\\npointed to honorable positions. In 1847, he was ap-\\npointed a commissioner to plan and survey the city of\\nLansing, the then newly located capital of Michigan,\\nand to erect a State House in time for the ensuing\\nsession of the Legislature. The appointment was in\\nthe line of his profession, and he accepted it with\\nalacrity. Although the time allowed for the work\\nwas short. Col. Glenn accomplished his task in due\\nseason, and to the satisfaction of the State. The\\nSault Ste. Marie Canal is another monument of his\\nengineering skill, of which there are several in the\\nState.\\nCol. Glenn died after a short illness January 1,\\n1876. He seemed almost to the last to be hale and\\nstrong. He was a man of fine social qualities, led a\\nblameless life and occupies an enviable position in the\\nmemory of a very large number of Cass and Berrien\\nCounty people, having been associated with the latter\\nalmost as intimately as with the former.\\nORREN SILVER.\\nProbably no one family were more prominently\\nidentified with the early history of the southern por-\\ntion of Cass County than the Silvers. Orren Silver,\\nthe subject of this memoir, was born in Hopkinton,\\nMerrimack County, N. H., December 8, 1812, and is\\na son of John, Jr., who was born in the same place\\nMay 30, 1788, and Julia (Colby) Silver, who was\\nborn in 1785.\\nJohn, Jr., was taught the mason s trade by his\\nfather (John), but in 1827 commenced keeping a tav-\\nern, and also became proprietor of a stage route in\\nNewport, which business he pursued for many years.\\nAfter his first wife s death in 1821, he married Susan\\nRussell, who accompanied him to Cass County in\\n1846, and who some two years subsequent departed\\nthis life. About ten years after this event, he re-\\nturned to New Hampshire, where he died August 22,\\n1864.\\nOrren Silver, who was raised on a farm, had no op-\\nportunity for scholastic attainments other than those\\nafforded by the common schools. He removed with\\nhis father to Newport when fifteen years of age,\\nwhere he remained until coming to Cass County in\\nOctober, 183.5.\\nBeing conversant with the business of hotel life, on\\nreaching Edwardsburg he commenced keeping a tav-\\nern on the Thomas H. Edwards stand, where he re-\\nmained for two years, and after three years spent in\\nfarming, he disposed of his property and returned\\nEast, but returned one year subsequently, and after a\\nfew changes purchased his present farm, and has since\\nbeen prominently identified with the agricultural in-\\nterests of Ontwa. As his business has been man-\\naged with prudence and sagacity, coupled with\\nmarked industry, success has crowned his efforts, as\\nwill be indicated by a view of his fine farm residence\\nto be found on another page.\\nIn politics he is a Democrat, but has eschewed\\nactive political life nevertheless, has filled several\\nimportant township ofiices, and is accounted among\\nthe substantial and honored residents of Ontwa.\\nIn October, 1833, he was united in marriage to\\nAbigail, daughter of Jonathan and Hannah (Thomp-\\nson) Fifield, who was born in Salisbury, N. H., April\\n8, 1815, near the birthplace of Daniel Webster. In\\nMay, 1845, Mr. and Mrs. Silver united with the\\nSwedenborgian Church, of which they have since been\\nconsistent members. They are the parents of one\\nchild, George F., who was born in Newport, N. H.,\\nJanuary 9, 1835, and has filled the offices of Town-\\nship Treasurer and Clerk of Ontwa. He was united\\nin marriage May 6, 1863, to Miss Sarah J. Haney,\\nand they are blessed with five children, viz.: Mary,\\nRay, Isabelle, Dora and Benjamin. The two first\\nnamed are deceased.\\nAUSTIN C. MARSH.\\nAustin C. Marsh, son of Jesse and Althea (Foster)\\nMarsh, was born in Sharon Township, Litchfield\\nCounty, Conn., July 15, 1793. The family is of\\nEnglish extraction, and Jesse acted in the capacity of\\nteamster during that sanguinary struggle, the Revo-\\nlutionary war.\\nHaving received u common school education, Austin\\nC. went to Armenia, Dutchess County, N. Y., in", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0403.jp2"}, "404": {"fulltext": "IIISTOKV OK (lASS COIIXTV. MICIIIOAN.\\n1809, to learn the scjthe-maker s trade, which at this\\ntime was an important industry, and there, in 1824,\\nmarried Miss Zade (Case), who was born in 1796,\\nand died in February, 1831. They became the parents\\nof three children, Rufus, Walter and Emmott, the\\ntwo former of whom died in that State.\\nHaving married Abigail Darling in April, 1.834,\\nwho was born in Armenia, Dutchess County, N. Y.,\\nin the year 1794, he, in June, 1836, came to Edwards-\\nburg to carve out for himself a home, and purchased\\nthe village lots on which he now resides and which\\nsince that time have been his home.\\nOwing to Eastern competition, there was no possible\\nopening for pursuing his trade, and for two years he\\nturned his attention to blacksmithing, and then, in\\ncompany with Abiel Silver, H. H. Cooledge and E.\\nTaylor, established a foundry of which he shortly\\nbecame the sole proprietor, and to which his son\\nEmmott was admitted as a partner when arriving at\\nmanhood s estate. This business was conducted until\\n1875 and then discontinued, owing to the death of his\\nson the year previous. In 1840, he cast a cannon\\nwhich did duty for the Whigs during the memorable\\ncampaign of this year. Mr. Marsh has been an\\nactive, energetic and successful business man, and\\nduring his long residence in this place of nearly half\\na century has won and maintained the esteem and\\nrespect of the community of which he has been an\\nhonored member. Although he-has long since passed\\nhis threescore years and ten he is in the possession of\\nall his faculties, and bids fair to enjoy many more\\nyears. He is now the sole survivor of his father s\\nfamily of nine children. I\\nAlthough an ardent Republican, Mr. Marsh has\\nnot taken an active part in politics, but has held\\nseveral township offices.\\nHis second wife having died October 1, 1839, he\\nmarried Sarah S. Lofland May 1, 1845. She was\\nborn in Milford, Kent County, Del., February 6,\\n1812, and departed this life January 6, 1879, leaving\\none daughter, Althea M., now Mrs. Thomas, a widow\\nlady, who now resides with her father on the old\\nhome he purchased so many years ago.\\nMATTHEW II. EMERSON.\\nThe pioneers who settled in Cass County were\\nnoted for their honesty and integrity, and none more\\nso than Matthew H. Emerson, in whose veins flowed\\nthe commingled blood of the honest, high-minded\\nScotchmen and the sturdy, methodical and progressive\\nEnglishmen. He was born in Hopkinton, N. H.,\\nDecember 11, 1808, and was one of a family of six\\nthe children of Joseph and Susanna (Harvey) Emerson.\\nIn 1829, he went to Rensselaer County, N. Y., and\\ntwo years later, to Albany County, where for eight\\nyears he clerked in a hardware store, and then came\\nto Edwardsburg in 1839, his brother, Jeremiah, hav-\\ning preceded him. At this time, he possessed but\\n$6.50, and was obliged to rely on his own industry\\nand natural resources to farther his financial interests\\nand they brought their sure reward, for, before his de-\\nmise, which occurred March 17, 1877, he had accu-\\nmulated a competency.\\nIn the spring of 1841, he purchased eighty acres of\\nthe farm in Ontwa, where his widow now resides, to\\nwhich forty acres was subsequently added. His whole\\nattention was not given to agricultural pursuits, for\\nfive years was spent working in the store for the Sages,\\nwho ran a grist-mill at Adamsville.\\nIn politics, Mr. Emerson was a stanch Democrat,\\nand was by this party elevated to various township\\noffices including that of Justice of the Peace, and held\\nthis office for twenty-eight consecutive years, which is\\na most fitting tribute to his ability and integrity, for,\\nin early times, this was a most important office. So\\ngreat was the confidence reposed in him that he was\\nmade the custodian of money belonging to others, for\\nwhom he did a large amount of business.\\nWhile a resident of New Hampshire, he was a mem-\\nber of the State Militia and held the offices of Ensign,\\nLieutenant and Captain, which latter office he resigned\\nwhen moving to New York. March 25, 1841, he mar-\\nried Alzina R., daughter of Reuben and Damarias\\n(Cloys) Allen, who was born in Anderson County,\\nVt., January 29, 1823, and who came to Cass County\\nin 1885, with her parents, who are numbered among\\nthe pioneers. Reuben Allen died February 23, 1863,\\nand his widow is still surviving at the advanced age of\\neighty-four years. The Aliens are descendants of the\\nsame paternal stock as the historical Ethan Allen.\\nMr. and Mrs. Emerson were blessed with two chil-\\ndren J. Fred, who is married to Delia A. (Thomas),\\nand resides on the old homestead, and is at present\\nholding the office of Justice of the Peace and Reuben\\nA., a resident of Buchanan, Mich.\\nGEORGE T. HOWARD.\\nGeorge T. Howard was born in Kent County, Md.,\\nMay 21, 1816, and is a son of Stephen Howard, who\\nwas born in Delaware September 12, 1791, and Mar-\\ngaret (Lamb) Howard. The Howard family consisted of\\nseven children, who grew to manhood s estate, and his\\nfather being in very moderate circumstances, George,\\nas soon as able, was necessitated to labor in behalf of\\nhis own support, and at the tender age of seven years\\nwas placed out for three years, and when quite a lad\\nworked three years at $9 per annum, his board and\\nhis clothing, which it is needless to say were raanu-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0404.jp2"}, "405": {"fulltext": "//IF^S.CH AISLES HAInIeY.\\nGEOF^SE T. HO///.RD\\nJVIF^S. GtOF^GE T rlOv//\\\\f^D,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0405.jp2"}, "406": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0406.jp2"}, "407": {"fulltext": "Il\\nI l\\n01\\no\\n%:l\\nff\\ni\\nK\\nZ\\n^^\u00e2\u0080\u00a2i\\no\\nC r\\nM;\\n.iv^-\\nUJ\\n,i-^\\nQ\\nD\\n\u00c2\u00abt.\\nX\\n^il^^\\nd\\nUJ\\n.\u00c2\u00bbv\\n-1\\nIT\\n31\\no\\n,6^^;\\n.jr~\\n^p", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0407.jp2"}, "408": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0408.jp2"}, "409": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nfactured of the most simple and inexpensive material.\\nThe $27 thus earned was passed over to his father to\\nassist in maintaining the younger children, as was all\\nthe money he earned, until he attained the age of\\ntwenty-one years, which was an act of filial duty all\\nwould expect of Mr. Howard. Having been, by the\\nforce of circumstances, deprived of the opportunities\\nof obtaining an education, he started out on the uncer-\\ntain voyage of life under adverse circumstances, but\\nbeing possessed of great bodily vigor and a resolute\\nheart, he commenced life for himself as a farm hand,\\nfirmly resolved to succeed, and success has crowned\\nhis efforts.\\nSeptember 5, 1843, he was married to Eliza, daugh-\\nter of Benjamin Parsons, who was born at Milford\\nNeck, Kent County, Del., February 28, 1827. In\\nthe fall of 1845, they started for Cass County, and\\narrived here in September, and money being very\\nscarce, he received, but 60 cents per day for his labor,\\nand frequently worked for two bushels of corn per\\nday, the corn being worth from 18 to 20 cents per\\nbushel, one-half store pay.\\nHe soon purchased 103 acres of land and com-\\nmenced farming for himself, and has succeeded admir-\\nably, for he now possesses the farms taken up by\\nGeorge and Sylvester Meacham, having in all 310\\nacres, and great credit is due Mr. Howard for his suc-\\ncess. Mrs. Howard, who departed this life September\\ny, 1880, after an illness of seventeen years, was a most\\nestimable lady and did her full share in the matri-\\nmonial voyage of life.\\nThey became the parents of three children Mar-\\ngaret S., now Mrs. B. F. Thompson, in Ontwa, who\\nwas born August 11, 1844 William G., an attorney\\nin Kalamazoo, where he graduated, and former Prose-\\ncuting Attorney of Cass County, who was born May\\n18, 1846 John A., born December 14, 1848, died\\nJune 8, 1874, and who was Treasurer of the town\\nand an adopted daughter, Ann May, who was born\\nNovember 14, 1856. His fether Stephen, came to\\nCass County, and died here December 26, 1863, his\\nmother s death occurring East, April 13, 1845.\\nCHARLES HANEY.\\nAmong the prominent representatives of the German\\nrace in the township of Ontwa can be mentioned\\nCharles Haney, who was born in Baden, Germany,\\nJanuary 29, 1809. Although his youthful days were\\nspent on a farm, he became somewhat conversant with\\nthe watchmaker s trade, and after coming to America\\nin 1831 he engaged in peddling and repairing clocks,\\nand while so engaged came to Cass County in 1833.\\nHe here formed the acquaintance of, and March 27,\\n1834, married Miss Jane, daughter of Jacob and\\nElizabeth (Sponsler) Smith, who was born in North\\nMiddleton Township. Cumberland Co., Penn., August\\n24, 1817, and when twelve years of age, accompanied\\nher parents to Cass County, and they settled on the\\nfarm now owned by John Adams, having purchased\\nthe betterments of two men, one of them named\\nWhite, where they remained until their deaths.\\nAfter marriage, they settled on the farm where they\\nnow reside, and here erected one of the first frame\\nbarns in the township.\\nThe life of Mr. Haney has been a quiet, uneventful\\none, unmarked by many of the vicissitudes that over-\\ntake those in mercantile or manufacturing enterprises,\\nor who are actively engaged in public life.\\nBy the exercise of those sterling qualities charac-\\nteristic of his race economy and industry aided by\\ntheeff orts of his life s partner, he has amassed a compe-\\ntency, and has won the esteem of those with whom he\\nhas associated so long.\\nThe fruits of their marriage have been five chil-\\ndren, of whom Lewis C, the eldest, gave up his life\\nin defense of his country, for he was killed at the\\nbattle of luka. Miss., September 19, 1862. He was\\na member of Company A, Forty-eighth Indiana Vol-\\nunteers. Sarah J., now Mrs. George F. Silver\\nLovina, now Mrs. Boyd Thomas Albert and Vol-\\nenti ne 0., all of Ontwa.\\nCH.\\\\RLES D HADDEN.\\nCharles D. Hadden wa^ born in Westchester\\nCounty, N. Y., January 31, 1811, and is a son of\\nGilbert and Deborah (Barton) Hadden, who were of\\nScotch descent.\\nHe removed with his mother to Auburn, of that\\nState, his father dying when he was two years of\\nage. He received a common school education, and\\nwas early cast upon his own resources for a livelihood,\\nthere being a family of eleven children who were left\\nin very moderate circumstances. He commenced life\\nas a farmer boy, working for a relative in Ithaca.\\nHe first purchased a new farm in Savannah Town-\\nship, Wayne County, and moved on it in the fall of\\n1835, and some four years later moved to a farm in\\nButler Township, and some twelve years subsequent\\non another farm, on which he resided until coming to\\nCass County in 1867, at which time he purchased\\n400 acres just west of Edw ardsburg, where he resided\\nuntil his death, January 26, 1878. He erected on\\nthis farm fine farm buildings, a view of which will be\\nfound on another page. He was a very successful\\nfarmer and before his death accumulated a fine com-\\npetency, which was the result of his own unaided\\nefforts.\\nPolitically, he was a Republican, and while a resi-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0409.jp2"}, "410": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ndent of New York State was repeatedly elected to\\nthe highest township offices but he eschewed politics\\nafter coming to this county. Mr Hadden was a\\nmember of the Presbyterian Church and a very char-\\nitable man. He was possessed of many estimable\\nqualities and was a man of sterling integrity. He\\nwas married, November 11, 1835, to Nancy (Blythe),\\ndaughter of Samuel and Margaret Gilmore, who was\\nborn October 31, 1809, and she has born well her\\npart in the active scenes of matrimonial life. They\\nwere blessed with six children, viz. Samuel, Mary,\\nGeorge, Alonzo, Elizabeth and James, all of whom\\nreside in this county e.xcept Alonzo, who is deceased.\\nMrs. Hadden resides on the old homestead together\\nwith her daughter, Mrs. Mary Harris.\\nHON. CYRUS BACON.\\nThis gentleman, who for so many years was one of\\nthe prominent and esteemed citizens of Cass County,\\nwas of English descent. According to family tradi.\\ntion, the progenitors of the Bacon family in this coun-\\ntry were two brothers who came from England at a\\nvery early day, and settled in Hebron, Conn. from\\nthis place the family from which our subject is de-\\nscended removed to Ballston, Saratoga Co., N. Y.,\\nwhere Cyrus Bacon was born October 26, 1796. He\\nwas the son of David and Hannah (Tarbox) Bacon,\\nthe former of whom was born in 1766, the latter\\nin 1768. They were farmers, and possessed of those\\nsturdy qualities of mind and heart that characterized\\nthe people of those days. The father of Mrs. Bacon\\n(Capt. Tarbox) followed the sea for a livelihood, and\\nit is said that he knew the notorious Capt. Kidd, who\\nat one time attempted the capture of his vessel, but\\non learning who was in command left him to pursue\\nhis course unmolested. Cyrus was reared on the\\nfarm, and acquired what was considered in those days\\na good education he studied surveying, and when a\\nyoung man removed to Chautauqua County, where he\\npurchased a farm, but his services as a surveyor were\\nin such demand that he devoted but little time to agri-\\ncultural operations he surveyed a large portion of\\nChautauqua County, and many others in that portion\\nof the State. In 1828, became to Michigan, and lo-\\ncated a large tract of land near the present site of\\nAdrian, Lenawee Co., and returned to New York.\\nHe held a captain s commission in the New York State\\nMilitia from 1822-24. There he remained until the\\ndeath of his father, and, in 1834, he again came\\nwest in company with his brother William. It\\nwas his intention to settle upon his purchase in\\nLenawee County, but through the efforts of his\\nbrother (the late Judge Bacon, of Niles) who had\\npreceded him, and had located in Berrien, he was in-\\nduced to change his plans and settle in Ontwa, where\\nhe purchased from F. Garver nine hundred and eighty\\nacres of land, where his son, James G. Bacon, now\\nresides. Mr. Bacon immediately entered upon the im-\\nprovement of his purchase and the development of the\\ntownship, with that energy and zeal that characterized\\nhis subsequent career his farming operations were\\nextensive. The first season he grew a crop of nearly\\nnine thousand bushels of oats, which, owing to the great\\ndemand for coarse grain, and the cheap currency of\\nthat period, were sold for one dollar per bushel. Al-\\nthough deeply engrossed in business, he took a deep\\ninterest in political and social matters, and the people,\\nrecognizing his ability and integrity, called upon him\\nto represent them in various positions of trust and re-\\nsponsibility for many years he represented Ontwa\\nupon the Board of Supervisors, and in 1849 was\\nelected to the representative branch of the State Leg-\\nislature, and his constituency were so well pleased\\nwith the able manner in which he represented their\\ninterests, that they placed him at the succeeding elec-\\ntion on the ticket for the State Senate, but, owing to\\nthe organization of the Know Nothing party, and the\\nconsequent defection from the Democratic ranks, he\\nwas defeated by a small majority. The path to public\\nfavor was at that time guarded by the broad expres-\\nsion of popular will, and an election could not be\\nsecured by mere force of party control as now, and,\\nalthough defeated, his nomination for that important\\noffice was no small compliment to his general char-\\nacter.\\nFor twenty years he was a magistrate, doing a large\\nlegal business his advice and opinions were marked\\nby sound judgment and erudition. He was an Asso-\\nciate Judge, and held the office until it was abolished\\nby act of the Legislature. In April of 1882, he was\\nmarried to Miss Melinda, daughter of James and\\nSarah (Roe) Guernsey they were also of English\\ndescent. Mrs. Bacon was a native of Ballston, Sara-\\ntoga Co., N. Y., and was born March 15, 1802. She\\nis still living (1882), with her son, James G. They\\nreared a family of five children David, an attorney\\ndoing business at Niles James G., one of the sub-\\nstantial farmers of Ontwa Stephen, an attorney, now\\nliving in Wisconsin Sarah H. (Mrs. Rev. J. Boon),\\nand Cyrus J., a short sketch of whose life will be\\nfound on another page. The elder Bacon died\\nOctober 4, 1873. and in his decease the people of Caas\\nCounty met with an irreparable loss. One who knew\\nhim intimately in his lifetime says of him He was\\na plain, unostentatious gentleman, who, by a long life\\nof industry, and a conscientious discharge of his\\nduties, both public and private, endeared himself to\\nall.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0410.jp2"}, "411": {"fulltext": "filSTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n283\\nPolitically, he affiliated with the Democratic party.\\nPatriotism was inherent in his natiire, and during the\\nwar of the rebellion he was an ardent supporter of the\\nUnion cause.\\nSocially, he was genial and pleasant, courteous to\\nall, and in his intercourse with the people impressed\\nevery one with the fact that he was far above the\\naverage man in intelligence and true nobility of char-\\nacter.\\nCYRUS BACON, ,Tii., M. D.*\\nDr. Bacon was born in Ontwa, in 1837. and\\nstudied medicine with Dr. I. G. Bugbee, of Edwards-\\nburg, At the age of twenty-one, he graduated with\\nhonors at the Medical College, Washington, D. C.\\nAfter his graduation, he established himself in the\\npractice of his profession _at Mishawaka, Ind. In\\n1861, he was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the\\nSeventh Michigan Volunteer Infantry, and after a\\nfew months service in this regiment he was promoted\\nto the position of Surgeon General in the regular\\narmy, which position he held at the time of his death.\\nAt the close of the war, he was breveted Major for\\nmeritorious services in the field, the highest honor\\nthat a soldier could ask. At the time of Leo s sur-\\nrender, he was stationed in Texas, where he remained\\nuntil about 1867, when he was ordered to Baton\\nRouge, La,, where he remained until September,\\n1868, when he resolved to visit his parents and make\\nan effort to recover his health, which had been failing\\nfor some time. Arriving at St. Louis, he was obliged\\nto lie over for a day, but anxious to reach home he\\nagain started, but died before reaching his destination.\\nOne of the local papers, in speaking of him, says\\nHe was a young man of brilliant talents, a fine,\\ncultivated mind, excellent social qualities, justly emi-\\nnent for one of his age in his profession, and above all\\na sincere, devoted Christian, honored and respected\\nby the soldier, loved by all. He was buried in Niles\\nwith military honors.\\nCHAPTER XXIX.\\nVOLINIA.\\nCharacteristics of Pioneers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tour of Inspection\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Prophecy of .Jona-\\nthan (iard Fiiiailed\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Settlement\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Narrow Escape of Miss\\nAnn Newton from the Wolves\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Pioneer Picnic\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Original\\nI^and Entries Legal Organization Schools Early Uoads\\nCharleston PLeniiniscenccs Voliiiia Fanners Cluli\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Biographical.\\n~l TISTORY knows of no worthier theme than that\\n-L-L of those pioneers in a primal forest, by whose\\ntoil the wilderness was cleared for cultivation, at whose\\nwill the heavy, dark woods gave way to fields of grain,\\n*Data fiirnitibed by Jaoies G. BacoD.\\nlog cabins and initial industries. Where sixty-three\\nyears ago no sound was heard but that of nature in her\\nwildest phase, and the council fires of thePottawatomies\\nillumed the prairie and forests, can now be found the\\nmodern highway, finely cultivated fields, the civilizing\\nschoolhouse, and the happy homes of an industrious\\nand progressive people. The pioneers who made their\\njourney thitherward were men of fearless character,\\nwho came to improve their condition and carve out for\\nthemselves and families a future home. Their inter-\\ncourse was unaffected, and they were bound together\\nby ties of interest, like experience, friendship and re-\\nlationship and, by their united efforts, not only suc-\\nceeded in their endeavor, but have impressed their\\ncharacter upon the manners, customs and fashions, not\\nalone upon the succeeding generation, but upon all\\nfuture generations. From necessity, the earliest pio-\\nneer was a tiller of the soil, and if possessed of a trade\\npursued it to meet the immediate and pressing neces-\\nsities of themselves and neighbors, and in the interval\\nof labor on the clearing and prairie.\\nEARLY SETTLEMENTS.\\nThe entire career of an individual, and the fate of\\ncommunities, and even nations, are ofttimes shaped\\nfrom the smallest incidents, circumstances or remarks\\ndropped by an uninterested person, and the early set-\\ntlement of this township was, in a measure, no excep-\\ntion. In 1826, Elijah Goble incidentally met George\\nClaypool, who had been to Michigan, and who extolled\\nthe new territory in terms of the highest praise. The\\nremarks thus hastily dropped were carefully cher-\\nished by their recipient, who determined to ex-\\nplore the almost unknown wild for himself, but not\\nuntil October, 1828, did opportunity present itself.\\nIn this month, Elijah Gobel, Jesse and Nathaniel\\nWinchell all started afoot, with knapsacks on their\\nback, from Fort Wayne, Ind., for Pigeon Prairie,\\neighty miles distant, where they stopped over night\\nin a house for the first tiine since starting on their\\njourney. Here the Winchells decided to pitch their\\ntent and pursue their searchings no farther, but their\\ncompanion pushed on to the house of Henry Lybrook,\\nnear Niles. Here he met Jonathan Gard, who had\\nleft Union County, Ind., to look for a location, and,\\nbeing inspired by the same desire, they decided to\\nunite in their search and, in company with James\\nToney, who was also on a tour of inspection, they\\nwent to the residence of Squire Thompson on Poka-\\ngon Prairie. Thompson was so elated to see them,\\nthey being old acquaintances, that he not only agreed\\nto assist them in all ways possible, but killed a heifer\\nto provide them a feast. After a much needed rest\\nof a few days, during which time one-half bushel of", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0411.jp2"}, "412": {"fulltext": "284\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncorn was haskeJ, ground bj hand, and baked in suit-\\nable sized loaves for their journey, these three, with\\nSquire Thompson as a guide, started for what is now\\ncalled Volinia, where tbey ate their first meal with an\\nIndian Chief, named Weesaw, on the present farm of\\nB. G. Buell. Little Prairie Pond presented such an\\nattractive appearance that Elijah Gobel immediately\\ndecided to make his claim, the date being October 16,\\n1828. Mr. J. Gard also selected a farm on this\\nprairie. They camped for the night near the foot of\\nBunker s Lake, and the next day pursued their way\\nto the spot now known as Gard s Prairie, which was\\nselected by J. Toney. The party then returned to\\nSquire Thompson s, and from there the explorers\\nwended their way home.\\nMarch 3, 1829, Jonathan Gard, Elijah Gobel and\\nSamuel Rich started from Union County, Ind. for\\ntheir new home. Reaching the residence of Squire\\nThompson, they remained there for several days because\\nof a severe snow-storm, but on the 30th of this month\\nreached the location selected by J. Toney, which was\\ntaken by J. Gard, because Mr. Toney, being unable to\\ndispose of his property, could not come. When they\\nreached a gentle eminence, J. Gard said, pointing with\\nhis index finger, there I will build a two-story sixty-\\nfoot barn, andsjli^Bre I will build my house.\\nWhen we realize that he was 800 miles from his\\nold home, on a small prairie of one hundred acres, sur-\\nrounded by heavy timber that railroads aud swift\\ntransportation were unknown, markets far distant, and\\nhe a man of limited means even for that early day, we\\ncan, in a measure, appreciate the true heroism and\\nbrave and hopeful spirit that could thus enable him to\\nforecast the future amid obstacles that would appear\\nalmost unsurmountable to the present generation.\\nHe seemed almost inspired with a spirit of prophecy,\\nfor certain it is that he lived to see his predictions ful-\\nfilled to the very letter.\\nThey, in conformity to advice given by Mr. Thomp-\\nson, decided to work together the first season, and ac-\\ncordingly soon erected a log cabin, which they all\\nused in common, and commenced tilling the prairie\\nsoil, splitting rails, and performing the first labors so\\nnecessary in the development of any new country.\\nForty acres of land was fenced and fifteen put into corn,\\npotatoes, etc., and a cabin was also erected on the farm\\nselected by J. Gard, which was taken by Mr. Rich.\\nJuly 6, 1829, they started back to bring their fami-\\nlies and effects, and were only enabled to obtain one-\\nhalf bushel of musty corn, which was duly ground at\\na mill near Niles, to sustain life while returning. A\\nchip, clipped from a tree, served as a bake-tin for their\\ncorn-bread, and as the bread, while baking, necessarily\\nabsorbed much of the sap from the chip, its flavor was\\nby no means desirable, in fact hardly palatable, and\\nthe three were overjoyed to again reach their home.\\nThe family of Mr. Gard consisted of nine children\\nMilton J., who resides on the old homestead Reu-\\nben F., a resident of Van Buren County; Isaac N.,\\nBenjamin F., Eliza, now Mrs. Whitam, and Almira,\\nnow Mrs. Welcher, all being residents ofVolina. Em-\\nily, now Mrs. J. Huff, resides in California, and\\nEsther, Mrs. Eli Green, resides in Dakota Mary is\\ndeceased.\\nAt a club meeting held for this especial purpose,\\nby old residents in 1869, it was decided that Samuel\\nMorris, Sr., J. Morelan, H. D. Swift and Dolphin\\nMorris reached Little Prairie Ronde on the evening\\nof March 26, 1829, and Samuel Morris commenced\\nbuilding a log cabin on Section 1, on the farm now\\nowned by Elias Morris, on the morning of the 27th,\\nthis being the first building erected in the township.\\nDolphin Morris located in Van Buren County. So\\nmany people entered this township almost simultane-\\nously, each claiming the precedence of a few days, that\\nit is difficult to decide the point as to priority to the\\nsatisfaction of all, but as a preponderance of the evi-\\ndence corroborates the above statements also Elisha\\nGoble, one of the first settlers and now a resident of\\nDecatur, who has been consulted, confirms it we\\nincline to the opinion that it is absolutely correct.\\nDolphin Morris made his claim in La Grange\\nTownship on the farm now owned by J. K. Ritter,\\nand went back to Ohio after his family, where he was\\ndetained by sickness, and on his return in the fall of\\n1828, finding Mr. Ritter had jumped his claim, he\\nwent to Van Buren County and located on Section\\n35, in 1829. His family consisted of his wife, Nancy\\n(Beaver), and three children Samuel, then five years\\nold Amos, who resides at Lawton, and Zerilda,\\ndeceased. Dolphin Morris died January 7, 1870,\\nand his wife October 14, 1877. Samuel Morris, Sr.,\\nbought considerable stock, which was wintered in\\nPokagon before moving on his farm in the spring, and\\nas it was an unusually, late season, the snow covering\\nthe ground, they were obliged to feed the straw in\\ntheir bedticks to their stock to keep them alive. In\\nthose days, wolves were very thick and, as they were\\nunmolested by the Indians, very bold, and would fre-\\nquently rush from the woods in the daytime, seize a\\nsheep or lamb and make off with it before the settlers\\nwho were working, and at the same time keeping watch\\nwith their guns, could come to the rescue. At night,\\nit was necessary to secure the stock so the wild animals\\ncould not obtain access to them. Samuel Morris,\\nSr., died in 1848, and his wife Rebecca, in 1849,\\nthus laying aside the armor of life almost simultane-\\nouslv.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0412.jp2"}, "413": {"fulltext": "HOX. GEOROE N EWTON.\\nProminent among those who settled in Volinia in\\na very early day and endured the hardships of pio-\\nneer life is Hon. George Newton, who is of English\\nextraction, his father. Col. James Newton, who ^was\\nborn in England in 1777, coming to this country\\nwhile a youth. Col. Ja^es Newton resided succes-\\nsively in New Jersey, Penn.sylvania and Ohio, to which\\nlatter State he removed in 1801, and settled on Seven\\nMile Creek, about forty miles north of Cincinnati.\\nMr. Newton, who died in Volinia September 20,\\n1844, acquired the title of Colonel from commanding\\na regiment of militia in Ohio. During the war ol\\n1812, he served as Orderly Sergeant under Gen.\\nHarrison. He commanded at Fort Black, north of\\nGreenville, for a time, and afterward at Fort Meigs,\\nhis term of service expiring a few days before the\\nbattle of Mackinac. After coming to Cass County,\\nhe became prominently engaged in political affairs,\\nand was a member of the convention that framed the\\nState Constitution, and was also a member of the\\nHouse of Representatives for this and Van Burcn\\nCounties in the winters of 1887-38 and 1838-39.\\nHe was commissioned as a Judge by Gov. Mason,\\nbut never accepted.\\nOne-half century has passed away, as will be seen\\nby the history of Volinia, since Hon. George Newton\\nwho was born in Preble County. Ohio. Au-ust lo\\n/vll^S.GEOf^GE ^fEV/TOjsf.\\n1810, became a resident of this township, and he has\\nmade an impress on its physical aspect which does\\ncredit to his more than ordinary measure of energy\\nand industry. He is numbered among the prominent\\nand successful agriculturists of the county, and one\\nwho has honored the people with whom he has spent\\nthe major portion of his life. He has been promi-\\nnently connected with all the matters of public inter-\\nest in his township, and the people, recognizing his\\nintegrity and ability, have honored him with the\\nhighest oflBces in their gift, including Supervisor, etc.,\\nand in addition, he was selected to represent his dis-\\ntrict in the State Legislature in the legislative session\\nof 1858-59, being elected by the Republican party,\\nwith which he affiliates, and of whose principles he is\\na stanch supporter.\\nAlthough not a member of any Christian church,\\nhe has always contributed liberally to the support of\\nthe Gospel, and to assist along all commendable en-\\nterprises.\\nHe was married, December 14, 1837, to Esther\\nGreen, daughter of the pioneer, Jesse Green, who\\nwas born March 25, 1819, and they have been blessed\\nwith two children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John M. and Mary J., both of\\nwhom reside at home. Mr. Newton and his estimable\\nwife are now enjoying the fruits of a well-spent life,\\nhonored and respected by all their acquaintances.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0413.jp2"}, "414": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0414.jp2"}, "415": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nJacob Morelan, of whom mention has been made,\\ncame to the county in 1828, and stayed in Pokagon\\nthe first winter. He die in 1854. His wife Sarah,\\nborn in 1805, deceased December 24, 1881. They\\nwere the parents of thirteen children, only two of\\nwhom died in childhood.\\nJacob Charles was one of the first settlers, coraintr\\nto the township in 1829, and built his house in some\\nhazel shes. It was constructed in the most primitive\\nmanii of rails and logs, and it was so small that some\\nof h neighbors, who went to visit him one Sunday,\\nS( irci.ed for it in vain. He entered land in Sec-\\ntion 3.\\nIn 1830, Jacob Morelan, D. Morris and Jacob\\nCharles went to Niles for their winter supplies, and\\nr,n their way back stopped with Col. Joseph Gardner,\\nof Pokagon, and in the morning found the ground\\ncovered with snow and the snow still descending. It\\ncontinued to snow for several days, interspersed with\\nrain, which formed a thick crust, and when it ceased\\nthe snow was three feet deep and it was found impos-\\nsible to get along with their loads, and, so fastening to\\ntheir oxen as much meal as they could, the long, labo-\\nrious undertaking of breaking the crust was under-\\ngone and home at last reached, but not until spring did\\nthey obtain their supplies, the winter was so severe,\\nowing to the fall of snow. The family of Mr. Gard\\nwere provided thirty pounds of wheat flour, which\\nwas carefully saved for sickness, while they pounded\\ncorn in a kettle and sifted it by hand for the family\\nuse, as did the others who fared no better.\\nJohn Curry came from Indiana in 1830, and located\\nland in Section 11, now owned by B. Hathaway.\\nSix years later, he disposed of the same and went to\\nIowa. This same season, William Tietsort came from i\\nButler County, Ohio, and in 1832 located forty acres\\nin Section IS. He died in 1840, in his eighty-sixth\\nyear, and none of the family now remain here.\\nJosephus Gard was born in Morris County, N. J.,\\nAugust 24, 1774. They then moved to Ohio and\\nfrom there he removed to Union County, Ind., and in\\n1831 to Volinia, and located on the farm now owned\\nby Loorais H. Warner, and in a few years sold out\\nand removed to Berrien County, where he did in 1840.\\nHe was the father of Jonathan Gard, and therefore\\nthe progenitor of this family, wno have ever borne\\nan important part in the history of this township.\\nIn these early days, friction matches were unknown,\\nand if one got out of fire, which was seldom, for the\\nhuge fireplaces were the receptacles of immense logs\\nof wood, they usually sent their children to the neigh-\\nbors for some as the most expeditious method of ob-\\ntaining it. Reuben F. Gard was sent on such an\\nerrand one frosty morning to the house of George\\nNewton, and when there remarked that he saw an im-\\nmense cat, crouched on a tree that leaned over the\\npath he passed along. A panther at once suggested\\nitself, and a search showed where the monster had\\nkilled a colt belonging to D. C. Squires, and sucked\\nits blood. It was a narrow escape.\\nReuben Hinshaw can be counted among the old\\npioneers who endured the privations incident to the\\nsettling of a new country, as he moved with his\\nparents from Preble County, Ohio, to Young s Prairie\\nin 1829-30, and in 1841 the land in Section 36 he\\nhad purchased of Government five years previous,\\nand where his death occurred in 1877.\\nIn 1836, George Newton was out of health, and in\\nconformity to instructions from his physicians for\\nj horseback exercise, made detours over the country,\\nfollowing Indian trails and water-courses wherever his\\nfancy might dictate, and it was on one of these excur-\\nsions that he found the land Mr. Hinshaw located, on\\nwhich was a clearing of four or five acres made by the\\nIndians. Mr. Hinshaw had by his first wife, Mary\\n(Newton), four children, only two of whom survive\\nMrs. Phiiebe Crego and Emily Hinshaw. After his\\nfirst wife s death, he married Mrs. Hannah White, who\\nnow lives at Wakely.\\nIn September, 1830, Col. James Newton came from\\nPreble County, Ohio, accompanied by his son-in-law,\\nJacob H. Zimmerman, on a prospecting tour, and\\nwere so favorably impressed with the country that the\\nspring following, his son, Hon. George Newton, his\\nsister Ann and J. H. Zimmerman started April 6.\\n1831, for the Western Elysium, and the difBculties on\\ntheir journey here are but what nearly all encountered\\nwho came in the spring or fall when the water was\\nhigh. Arriving at the Stillwater River, all perishable\\ngoods were placed on top of the load, lashed down, and the\\nthree yoke of oxen started across with Mr. Newton as\\ndriver, and when beyond his depth, he caught hold of\\nthe ox yoke, mounted the nigh steer, and rode across\\nwith all the dignity the novel situation would admit\\nof The third night, they encamped on the battle-\\nground of Fort Recovery, and inspected the graves\\nof the fallen brave, which were marked by posts that\\nthe Indians had severely hacked with their tomahawks.\\nThe Wabash River was crossed in a pirogue, while the\\nwagon was taken to pieces, and it and the household\\ngoods, etc., taken across in parcels as the size of the\\npirogue would admit of; other streams were crossed\\nin the same manner, or forded, as the nature of the\\ncase admitted. A sucking colt was taken into the\\npirouge and held down by force while crossing; the\\ndam swimming beside it. Elkhart, Ind., as seen at\\nthis time, consisted of one log cabin just completed.\\nHaving overcome all obstacles, they reached the", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0415.jp2"}, "416": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF -CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nChristiana Creek, which was followed up until the\\nschool section was reache 1. and here they halted near\\nwhat is now Jamestown or Penn, when they raised a crop\\nof corn and oats. The first person Mr. Newton met\\nin his new home was J. Rinehart, Sr., who informed\\nhim that he would be called upon in a few days to\\nwork on the road from J. E. Bonine s to Vandalia.\\nIn August, they returned to Ohio to get the remainder\\nof their effects, and came back accompanied by Col.\\nJames Newton and wife, and the family of Zimmer-\\nman. They spent the winter in Penn, and in the\\nspring moved on to the farm now owned by Mr.\\nNewton in this township, and to which they cut the\\nfirst road through the thick wood once their wagon\\nbecame so jainmed in between two trees that it could\\nnot be extricated, which necessitated cutting one tree\\ndown. They occupied the temporarily deserted wig-\\nwam of Chief Weesaw until their house was com-\\npleted, which was constructed of hewn logs in the\\nshape of the letter L, contained three rooms, and was\\nundoubtedly the best house of the kind erected in the\\ncounty, and it would doubtless have endured until- this\\ntime but for its accidental destruction by fire. Newton\\nand Zimmerman started early one morning for La\\nGrange after boards to be used as flooring in the\\nhouse, leaving Ann Newton the sole occupant of the\\npartially constructed building, which had neither doors,\\nfloor or roof. They had not been gone long before a\\nlarge drove of ferocious wolves, attracted by the savory\\nsmell of the morning meal, put in an appearance, howl-\\ning in a frightful manner. Miss Newton climbed upon\\nthe logs, where the ravenous animals endeavored to\\nreach her by jumping up, at the same time showing\\ntheir teeth and growling most savagely none can tell\\nwhat her fate might have been had it not have been\\nfor the faithful watch dog left behind, who seemed\\npossessed with the knowledge that he was the sole\\nprotector of the defenseless, for he attacked them with\\nall the ferocity of the canine breed, and fought so val-\\niantly that they were after a time driven from the\\nhouse, and slunk away into the woods. Although he\\nwas punished severely, one side being literally torn\\nopen, exposing his vitals, by most judicious nurs-\\ning he recovered. This section, now so attractive, was\\nat this time an unbroken wilderness, there being no\\nroads, mills, markets, and but few neighbors but in-\\ndustry has accomplished wonders, for this section, in\\ncommon with those surrounding, has been brought\\nby patient labor to present almost irresistible attrac-\\ntions, for fine farms, buildings and cultivated fields are\\nseen on every side.\\nWhen John Echenberger came through from Ross\\nCounty, Ohio, in 1881, his earthly possessions, aside\\nfrom his wife and two children, consisted of an ancient\\nmare on which was strapped a feather bed, and on\\nwhich his wife and children rode; two harnesses and\\nan old shot-gun. He prevailed upon Elijah Goble to\\ngive him ^65 and his note for $15, for his horse and\\nharnesses, and with this he was enabled to start in the\\nworld by taking up some Government land.\\nSamuel Morris, Jr., on his arrival, made a pre-emp-\\ntion claim in Section 11, but being unable to make\\nthe necessary payments, disposed of the same to John\\nShaw in 1831, for \u00c2\u00a7300, and located some land in\\nSection 1 now owned by W. B. Rosewarne. He was\\nan ingenious man, and. being unable to buy boots, went\\nto Niles, purchased some leather, ijnd, having whittled\\nout a last with his jack-knife, set himself up as a gen-\\nuine Crispin, and with remarkably good success util-\\nity and durability, rather than beauty, being the chief\\nmerits of his handiwork.\\nAmong those who played an important part in the\\nearly history of the county was John Shaw, who came\\nfrom Pickaway County, Ohio, and purchased the land\\nas given above. He was a man of more than ordinary\\nability, and served in the capacity of Justice of the\\nPeace for many years, taking an active interest in the\\npublic affairs of his township and county. His decis-\\nions, as Justice, were sometimes at variance with the\\nlaw, his motto being equity first and law technicali-\\nties afterward and many were the neighborhood dis-\\nputes he amicably settled, thereby curtailing his own\\nfees. His methods were sometimes more effective than\\nlogical. As an illustration, he once consented to try\\na case for Capt. Harper in Cassopolis, who had issued\\nwarrants for the arrest of five or six parties who lived\\nnear Whitmanville, who had engaged in a fistic con-\\ntroversy over some chickens. When the case came on\\nfor trial, the Captain quietly withdrew to the court\\nhouse, where he made business with the Board of Su-\\npervisors, of whom he was a member, that body being\\nin session, and when he thought matters had reached\\nan interesting status repaired there just in time to see\\nSquire Shaw kicking the last contestant from the ofiice\\nwith the remark, more forcible than elegant or relig-\\nious, Go to with your chicken case, and\\nthis was the end of the affair. Two attorneys, who\\nwere trying a case before him, became very abu-\\nsive in their language toward each other, and one ap-\\nplied to the court for protection, but was quietly in-\\nformed that court adjourned when they commenced\\nmaligning each other. His generosity and kindness\\nwas proverbial, and was frequently exercised against\\nhis own pecuniary interest, and this, coupled with his\\nintemperance in later years, so impoverished him that\\nhe was obliged to part with his farm, and eventually\\nhis entire worldly possessions, so that he passed his\\nlater years in the county infirmary, where he died a sad", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0416.jp2"}, "417": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n287\\ncommentary on what intoxicating liquors will do for\\nmen who indulge in their free use.\\nDaniel C. Squire was born in Pennsylvania in 1800,\\nand moved to Butler County, Ohio, with his parents,\\nwhere he married Elizabeth Case, and in 1831 they\\nremoved with their two children, John and William,\\nto Cassopolis, and the spring following to this township,\\nwhere he had purchased a farm in Sections 18 and 19.\\nTheir log cabin was constructed when the snow .was\\non the ground, and when it disappeared were sur-\\nprised to find they had erected it on a huge log which\\nprojected into the solitary room. Mr. Squire drove\\nthe stakes for John Woolman when he surveyd Cass-\\nopolis. He, in common with many others, participated\\nin the Sauk war. He lived to see the county changed\\nfrom a wilderness to fine farms, his death not occur-\\nring until 1873, and he was interred in the cemetery\\nhe donated to public use and in which his father,\\nWilliam, was buried in, in 1832, his being the first\\ndeath in the township. His son, John, above referred\\nto, now lives on Section 10, and his wife is a daughter\\nof Jacob Morelan, who, as has been recorded, came\\ninto the township in 1829. Joel C. and his brother,\\nElijah Wright, came through with Mr. Squire, but did\\nnot remain long in this township, eventually going West.\\nRichard Shaw, a native Virginian, removed to Picka-\\nway County, Ohio, where J. S. Shaw, the eldest of\\nsix children, was born. In 1831, he moved to Penn\\nTownship, but while en route was taken sick at Fort\\nWayne, Ind., and before his recovery had spent the\\nmoney with which he intended starting in his new\\nhome. In 1837, he removed to Volinia although a shoe-\\nmaker by trade, he engaged in agriculture, and used\\nto manufacture his own plows and drags, the latter\\nhaving wooden teeth, and found it necessary to prac\\ntise the most rigid economy and industry to commence\\nlife again in a new country. His death occurred in\\n1874, and that of his wife, Julia A. (Saunders), in\\n1856. Their son, above referred to, now lives in Sec-\\ntion 21, which farm he purchased when but thirteen\\nacres were cleared.\\nDavid Huff was born in 1811, and raised\\nin Butler County, Ohio. His father, Lewis, was\\nkilled in the Indian war at Fort Wayne, when\\nhe, David, was a babe. In 1828, he came to this\\nState, and cleared five acres of land where Niles now\\nstands, but forfeited this claim, for he went home and\\ndid not return until 1832, when he located land in\\nWayne Township, which was exchanged for the farm\\nhe now owns in Volinia. He recalls the time when\\nbuttermilk and potatoes composed his entire menu,\\nbut these hard times have long since passed away.\\nHe participated in the Black Hawk war, but not until\\n1881 did he receive his pensiort of $160 for services\\nthen rendered. His son. Squire Huff, now resides on\\nthe old homestead and with whom the old gentleman\\nlives, his wife dying in 1845.\\nLevi Lawrence was a man of genius and a nat-\\nural mechanic. Like most geniuses, he was a rov-\\ning star and never appeared quite so happy as\\nwhen making or contemplating a change of business\\nor location. Novelty was something for which he\\nwas ever seeking, and his readiness to adapt- him-\\nself to existing circumstances was almost phenome-\\nnal as a blacksmith he excelled, and made the cele-\\nbrated Waters Scythes, once so famous with the\\nfarmers, which were used previous to the advent of\\nmowing machines. While working in the United\\nStates armory at Springfield, Mass., he and his part-\\nner were the only men who could make swedges and\\ndies with which to swedge out musket locks. On the\\n4th of September, 1832, he reached Volinia with his\\nfamily, where he contemplated farming and where, in\\nreality, he did pursue this avocation for a time, but\\nsubsequently went to Missouri, and, returning, died in\\nCharleston, his wife s death occurring in Cincinnati,\\nOhio. On their first arrival, they purchased wheat of\\nSquire Shaw at 40 cents per bushel, which was then\\nconsidered a remunerative price, and took it to Niles\\nto get it ground, which shows the inconvenience to\\nwhich early settlers were subject. The first grist-mill\\nwas erected by Harry George in 1851, and the mill-\\nstones for the same were procured in Milwaukee, by\\nMr. Lawrence, who donated his time. This was such\\nan important adjunct to the settlement that all the\\nneighbors assisted in its erection and charged nothing\\nfor their services. L. B. Lawrence, the fifth child,\\nMr. Lawrence having seven children, is now one of\\nthe prominent, successful farmers of this township.\\nHis fine residence, surrounded by fertile fields, is very\\nattractive, and indicative of the financial success which\\nhas crowned his efforts.\\nIn 1836, Joseph M. Goodspeed drove from Auburn,\\nN. Y., with his family of seven children and house-\\nhold effects stowed away in the huge canvas-covered\\nwagon then so common, bringing with him some fruit\\ntrees to be planted in his Western home. After a\\nstay of one month in Niles, he came to Volinia and\\nwas hospitably received by Alex. Copley until his log\\ncabin was ready for occupancy. Being a frugal, in-\\ndustrious man, he acquired a competency before his\\ndeath, which occurred in 1850 his wife, Sarah B.,\\nsurviving until 1877. E. C. Goodspeed, one of his\\nsons, is a prosperous farmer in this township, while\\nanother, J. M., is engaged in merchandising in Nich-\\nolsville.\\nRichard J. Huyck came to Volinia in 1837,\\nfrom Kalamazoo. His father, John, had preceded", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0417.jp2"}, "418": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nhim one year. He commenced merchandising in the\\nvillage of Huycksville, then called, with a man named\\nDaniels this business was abandoned after five years,\\nand his attention has since been directed to farming.\\nThe village of Huycksville was laid out in 1836, and\\nlots sold for $33, but it was not properly located for\\na metropolis, consequently its business declined in a\\nfew years the stores and shops disappeared, and\\nwhere the embryo village once stood can be found\\nfinely cultivated fields. Richard J. served as Town-\\nship Clerk for many years. John Huyck disposed of\\nhis property and removed to Marcellus, where his son,\\nAbijah, still resides, and to the Marcellus history\\nthe reader is referred.\\nJohn Mulford moved on the farm he now occupies\\nwhen in a state of nature, and by the assistance of his\\nwife, who helped roll many a log heap, cleared\\nthe farm on which he now resides.\\nWhen Eli W. Dixon moved on his present farm, in\\n1842, it presented the same appearance as when trav-\\nersed by the Iniiians. A log cabin erected by himself\\nwas first occupied, then commenced the laborious task\\nof cutting down the monarchs of the forest and clear-\\ning the land ready for tilling; but this he has accom-\\nplished, and on all sides can now be seen fine farms\\noccupied by industrious farmers.\\nHe served his people as Justice of the Peace for\\nsixteen years, with ability.\\nHenry A. Crego, the youngest of ten children, was\\nbut two years of age when his father, R. D. Crego,\\nmoved into Newberg, in 1841. At that time, this\\ntownship possessed but nineteen voters, and was, con-\\nsequently, very new, and lie grew up with the country,\\nbecoming a man whom the people chose to hold vari-\\nous township offices, including that of Justice of the\\nPeace for ten years. About three years since, he re-\\nmoved to the farm originally possessed by R. Hinshaw\\nin Volinia, and was immediately elected Justice, which\\noffice he now holds.\\nAmong those who came in at a later period, when\\nroads had been to a certain extent laid out and neigh-\\nbors become more plentiful, was Joseph Goodenough,\\nwho died in 1871, on the farm now occupied by his\\nwidow and conducted by his son, N. B. Goodenough;\\nalso P. W. Southworth, who, when he commenced on\\nhis farm in 1854, but twenty acres had been cleared,\\nand he dependent upon his own exertions, but success\\nhas crowned his efforts. This same year, Mr. B. G.\\nBuell and his brother, Emmons, purchased the John\\nShaw farm, which farm has ever been noted for its\\nbeauty and fertility, and contains the largest orchard\\nin the township.\\nA willow tree planted by Mr. Buell in 1863 has\\n^rown over two inches in diameter every year, and its\\nbranches encircle a space of four rods in diameter, a\\ngrowth that seems almost incredible.\\nTraces of garden beds and mounds can still be seen\\non this farm, and it also contains the ancient burial\\nplaces of the Pottowattomies, and for many years after\\nMr. Shaw commenced cultivating the soil would bands\\nof Indians make annual excursions and perform their\\nincantations, strange religious ceremonies, dances and\\nwierd performances, over a certain spot of ground\\nwhich contained the remains of a noted chief, all the\\ntime uttering deep guttural and still plaintive sounds,\\nas if their grief was so great as to be unbearable. Mr.\\nBuell, who purchased his brother s interest in the farm,\\nhas ever taken an active part in everything to further\\nthe best interests of his township.\\nDreams have, in all ages and countries, been be-\\nlieved as indications of the future and of all forms\\nof superstition, this is perhaps the most excusable.\\nWhatever is mysterious as to cause, and beyond the\\npower of will, appears as supernatural, and what more\\nso than dreams Grave philosophers have written\\ntreatises on the interpretation of dreams as they did\\non astrology. In modern times, and among European\\nnations, dreams are seldom heeded; still their repeti-\\ntion and ultimate fulfillment are sometimes remark-\\nI able, as was the case with Oliver Hight, who,\\nwhile a resident of Ohio, dreamed three times of com-\\ning West and finding a peice of land that exactly\\nsuited him. It made such a vivid impression on his\\nmind that he disposed of his property and started\\nWest and had almost despaired of finding the coveted\\nspot, after an extensive journey through Indiana and\\nthis State, but on seeing his present farm, in Section\\n4, which corresponded exactly in description to the\\nfarm as seen in his visions, he immediately purchased\\nit and has been prosperous ever since.\\nEven as late as 1853, when W. J. Eaton purchased\\nhis present farm, it was a solid forest. Three years\\nlater, A. Brown came from Steuben County, N. Y.,\\nand four years later purchased the farm where he\\nnow resides.\\nWm. V. Rosewarn, who was born in England, al-\\nthough coming to this township in 1853, did not clear\\nup his farm as did many at this period, for he pur-\\nchased in an old settled part of the same, and mar-\\nried Martha, daughter of Samuel Morris, the old\\npioneer.\\nThomas Stennett left England when twenty-seven\\nyears of age, and came to Constantine, St. Joseph\\nCounty, and in 1863 to this township. When reach-\\ning this State, he was almost penniless, but has by in-\\ndustry acquired a competency. Mr. Stennett is a\\nuuiet man, and is deeply impressed with his religious\\nduties, which he practices daily. Having no children.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0418.jp2"}, "419": {"fulltext": "MILTON J. G-AP^D.\\nMILTON J. (JAKD.\\nThe Gard family have been identified with Volinia\\never since, and even before, it had an existence as a\\ntownship of Cass County, as will be seen by reference\\nto the history of Volinia. Jonathan Gard was among\\nthe first to decide upon it as a place of habitation\\nthe year being 1828, when no white man claimed it\\nas his home. Jonathan Gard, the father of the sub-\\nject of this sketch, was born in New Jersey, April 6,\\n1799. He removed to Ohio in 1801, with his father,\\nJosephus Gard, and settled within eight miles of Cin-\\ncinnati, and six years later removed to Union County,\\nInd., when he married Elizabeth Bishop, and where\\nMilton J. Gard was born, March 11, 1824.\\nJonathan Gard was a fine type of the pioneers\\nwho settled up this Western country being generous,\\nhis home was sought by the settlers as they made\\ntheir way into the country, and they were always\\ngiven a hearty welcome, and the needy assisted. As\\nno worthy applicant for assistance was ever turned\\nfrom his door without aid, he became noted for his\\ngenerosity and neighborly kindness. He died in\\n1854, leaving a record of which his descendants\\nmay well be proud, for he was manifestly honorable,\\nupright, prudent and kind. His widow still survives\\nhim, and is passing the eventide of her declining\\ndays in peaceful quiet with her daughter, Mrs. A.\\nWelcher, in this township.\\nWhen he came to this township in 1829, with his\\nparents, Milton J. Gard was but six years of age, and\\nas it has been his home ever since he is thoroughly\\nconversant with the sum total of pioneer life. Being\\nreared in this new county, his opportunities for obtain-\\ning an education were very meager, but were fully\\nimproved, and a system of self education entered\\nupon, which resulted in his becoming much interested\\nin the cause of education, and aside from teaching\\ndistrict school he established a grammar school, which\\nwas taught for four years arithmetic and other\\nbranches were added, and this school was eventually\\nmerged into a debating society, which formed the\\ngerm for the justly celebrated farmers club of\\nthis township, in the establishing and maintaining of\\nwhich Mr. Gard has formed a very important factor.\\nHe has been prominently identified with every in-\\nterest of Volinia since attaining his majority, particu-\\nlarly in contributing to its intellectual advancement\\nand has filled every office in the gift of the people of\\nhis township, with one minor exception was one of\\nthe charter members of the Masonic Lodge, and has\\npresided as W. M., and as a member of the Anti-\\nHorse Thief Society has been its chief ofiicer. He\\nhas also officiated as President of the Cass County\\nAgricultural Society, and served for six years as a\\nmember of the State Board of Agriculture, and is a\\nsuccessful and progressive farmer, residing on the old\\nhomestead. He is one of those men whose identifica-\\ntion with any township or organization is always pro-\\nductive of good. He was married March 4, 1847\\nto Olive Green, daughter of Jesse Green, who died\\nJanuary 4, 18.52, leaving one son, George.\\nFebruary 23, 1854, he was united in marriaore to\\nSusan Forand, and they have been blessed with seven\\nchildren, as follows josephene, deceased Ezra C,\\nIda E., Lincoln P., Jemima L., Nellie and Bertha.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0419.jp2"}, "420": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0420.jp2"}, "421": {"fulltext": "he adopted John M. Roach, and did for him aU that a\\nfather could he graduated at Albion College, and is\\nnow engaged in teaching in Arkansas. Some nine\\nyears ago, Mr. Stennett cut down a black walnut tree\\nin which was found imbedded a bullet, outside of\\nwhich were rings showing that one hundred and sixty-\\nfive years had elapjeJ since it had been deposited\\nthere. The curious can speculate as regards this, but\\nit was doubtless sped there from the musket of some\\nadventurous Frenchman, hundreds of whom penetrated\\nthese woods cotemporaneous with and subsequent to\\nthe time La Salle coursed up and down the Lake\\nMichigan, and crossed this section, if not this county,\\nwhile en route to Detroit. The reader is referred to\\nthe general history for a record of this important\\nepoch, and any other topic of interest pertaining to\\nthe history of this township, not treated of here.\\nD. D. Judie, who came from St. Joseph County,\\nIndiana, in 1867. has so changed the appearance of\\nhis farm that one could not recognize it as once cov-\\nered with girdled trees, and a log cabin with shanty\\nbarn. He is Treasurer of the Volinia Farmers Club,\\nand a progressive farmer.\\nThe present Township Clerk is W. R, Kirby, son of\\nJohn Kirby, former pastor of Baptist Church. Al-\\nthough comparatively a young man, he interests him-\\nself in public affairs, and it is such men who eventu-\\nally come to the front, and upon whom the people can\\ndepend to further local and more important interests.\\nMyron Robinson, son of Nathan Robinson, one of the\\npioneers in Jefferson, is a resident of Volinia.\\nMr. H. S. Rogers, who perhaps is as well known in\\nCass County, because of his History of the same,\\nwhich was issued in 1875, as any other person, has\\nbeen a resident of this township since 1852. In 1866\\nor 1867, he erected a store at Volinia, and followed\\nmerchandising for nearly twelve years, and it was\\nwhile thus engaged that he first conceived the project\\nof writing the history of the county. Mr. Rogers is\\nthoroughly alive to agricultural interests, he being\\nnow engaged in that avocation, and has performed the\\nlaborious duties of Secretary of the Volinia Farmers\\nClub, with the exception of one or two years, since its\\norganization, and has assisted very materially in its\\nsuccess.\\nAbram Gary, who ofl^ciated as Town Clerk for sev-\\neral years, made a most efficient officer, and is num-\\nbered among the rising young men of this town-\\nship.\\nJ. M. Gebhard, a native Bavarian, lives in the\\nsouthern tier of sections; there is, however, but\\nlittle foreign element in this township, but quite a\\nsettlement of negroes in the middle eastern portion\\nof It.\\nHISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN\\nWe here append a list of\\nORIGINAL LAND ENTRIE.S,\\nthus showing all of those who entered land in the\\nhistory of the township:\\nearly\\nSamuel Morris, Cass County, Mich, Oct. 15, IH.SO TfiO\\nSamuel Morris, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 18.il fi.3\\n.Samuel Morris, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 14, 1832 40\\nSamuel Morris, Casa County, Mich., .Ian. 24, 1833 40\\nStephen Bunker. Cass County, Mich., June 27, 1833 80\\nJohn Morris, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 23, 1833 40\\n.Samuel Morris, Jr., Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31, 1885 .59\\n.lames Morris, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 28, 183.5 80\\nChapman Howard, Winilham County, Vt., .\\\\pril 24, 1837 40\\nSectio.n 2.\\nJohn Morris, Cass County, .Mich., Oct. 15, 1830 80\\nSamuel Morris, Jr., Cass County, Mich., Aug. 14. 1831 160\\n.fohu S. Barry. St. Joseph County, Sept. 1, 1832 80\\nDaniels Bull, ,Kt. Joseph County, Mich., Sept. 1, 1832 226\\nAlbert E. Bull, St. Joseph County, Mich., Sept. 3, 1832 65\\nSectio-n 3.\\nJacob Charles, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 15, 1830 160\\nElijah Goble, Giss County, Mich, June 22, 1831 160\\nJohn B. Goble, Cass County. Mich.. June 22, 1831 146\\nJacob Charles, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1831 80\\nJacob Charles, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 8, 1831 67\\nSection 4.\\nChristian Charles. Cass County, Mich., Aug. 12, 1831 80\\nChristian Grant, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 12, 1831 80\\nJacob Charles, Cass County, Mich., July, 5, 1834 40\\nJacob Charles, Cass County, Mich., March 3, 1836 68\\nJacob Gant, Cass County, Mich., May 16, 1836 40\\nThomas A. Smith, Cas.* County, .Mich., Nov. 25, 1835 40\\nThomas T. Lewis. Cass County, Mich., July 23, 1836 120\\nBenoni Young, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Dec. 12, 1836 40\\nWhitcomb k Howard, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Dec 15\\n1*^36 ^s\\nSamuel Rich, Kalamazoo County, Feb. 4, 1837 40\\nSection 5.\\nBenoni V -ung, Kalamazoo County, Dec. 12, 1836 40\\nAsa C. Briggs, Kalamazoo County, Dec. 12, 1836 40\\nWalter V. Wheaton, Wayne County. Jan. 28, 1837 379\\nThomas Kearnes, Cass County, Mich., July 4. 1848 40\\nSection 6.\\nHorace Butler, Oneida County, N. Y., May 20, 183fi 136\\nMary Cuddy, Washington D. C, Deo. 10, 1836 280\\nW. V. Wheaton, Wayne County, Jan. 28, 1837 160\\nSection 7.\\nWilliam (iriflis, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 3, 1832 40\\nWilliam Griffis, Cass County, Mich., March 11, 18i4 40\\nWilliam Squier, Cass County, Mich., March 26. 1833 80\\nLevi Hall, Cass (.;.)unly, Mich., Feb. 24, 1834 96\\nLevi Hall, Cass County, .Mich., March 1, 1834 40\\nHorace Butler, Oneida County, N. Y., May 21. 1836 181;\\nEpaphroditus Ransom, Kalamazoo County, May 26, 183t) 160", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0421.jp2"}, "422": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nDaniel Goodman, Madison County, N. Y., July 13, 1836.\\nSamuel Blackwell.New York City, July 13, 1836\\nDeforest Manice, New York City, July 13, 1836\\nSection 9.\\nJosephus Gard, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 10, 1830.\\nJosephus Gard, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 3, 1832...\\nJohn B. Gard, Cass County, Mich., June 2, 1835....\\nSamuel Rich, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 16, 1830\\nEnoch Buck, Cass County, Mich.. April 25, 1836...\\nHorace Butler, Oneida County, N. Y., May 20, 1836\\nSection 10.\\nJacob Morlan, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 14, 1830.\\nSamuel Fulion, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 14, 1830.\\nAbby Fulton, Cass County, Mich., .Sept. 3, 1832\\nJosephus Gard, Cas3 County, Mich., Sept. 3, 1832..\\nJacob Morlan, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 4, 1832....\\nJacob Morlan, Cass County, Mich., March 3, 1836.,\\nSection 11.\\nJohn Morris, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 15, 1830\\nJohn Shaw, Cass County, Mich., .June 22, 1831\\nJohn Cuny, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1831\\nAlexander Copley, Cass County, Mich., July 11, 1831\\nAurelius C. Howard, Windham County, Vt., Dec. 31, 1835...\\nSection 12.\\nLawrence Al Crane, Butler County, Ohio, Oct. 15, 1831\\nLevi Lawrence, Cass County, .Mich., Sept. 7, 1832\\nLevi Lawrence, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 17, 1835\\nLevi Lawrence, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 12,1836\\nAlexander Copley, Montgomery County, Ohio, Sept. 7, 1832..\\nJohn Morris, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 27, 1832\\nJohn Morris, Cass County. iVlich., Dec. 10, 1836\\nSection 13.\\nJo\u00c2\u00abephus Gard, Cass County, Mich., April 27, 1836...\\nEverett Holly, Addison County, Vt., May 3, 1836\\nJohn Ladd, Oneida County, N. Y., May 27, 1836\\nJohn N. Copley, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 10, 1836\\nAurelius Howard, Ionia County, Mich., Dec. 13, 1836.\\nF.benezer Copley, Cass County Mich., Dec. 16, 1836...\\nDayton Thorp, Cass County, Mich., June 15, 1838\\nSection 14.\\nHonry Stevens, Kalamazoo County, Nov. 30, 1835..!.\\nAurelius Howard, Dec. 1, 1835\\nLeicester Olds, Cayuga County, N. Y., March 2, 18!\\nJosephus Gard, Cass County, Mich., April 27, 1836.\\nSection 15.\\nJohn Hu8, Cass County, Mich Aug. 27, 1835\\nA. D. Fulton, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 11, 1835\\nAurelius C. Howard, Wiudham County. Vt., Dec. 1, 1835..\\nWilliam Law, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 10, 1836\\nJesse Buck, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 13, 18.36\\nEdward Legg. I ass County, Mich., Dec. 16, 1836\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Jo.seph County, Feb. 1, 1837\\n35\\n104\\n318\\n160\\nSection 16.\\nSchool Lands\\nSection 17.\\nJonathan Gard, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1831\\nJonathan Gard, Cass County, Mich., Dec. f,, 1832..\\n.lohn r Gard, Cos s ounty, Mich., June 28, 183:1..\\nDavid Crtine, Butler County, Ohio, Oct. 15, 1831\\nJoel C. Wright, Cass County, Mich., April 6, 1833....\\nElijah W. Wright, Cass County, Mich., .\\\\pril 6, 1833\\nAmos Huff, Clark County, Ohio, Sept. 25, 1833\\nWilliam F. Huyck, Lenawee County, May, 3, 1836...\\nTheo. P. Sheldon, Kalamazoo County, May 24, 1836.\\nCatharine Myers, Cass County, Mich. Dec. 12, 1836.\\nSection 18.\\nDaniel C. Squier, Butler County, Ohio, Oct. 16, 1831.\\nWilliam Griffis, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 17, 1831\\nWilliam Griffis, Cass County, Mich., March 14, 1834.\\nLevi Hall, Butler County, Ohio., Nov. 7, 1831\\nWilliam Tietsort, Ciss County, Mich., Aug. 27, 1832.\\nDaniel C. Squier,. Cass County, Mich., Feb. 18, 1833...\\nJoseph Miller, Kalamazoo County, July, 5, 1836\\nSection 19.\\nPeter Tietsort, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 5, 1834\\nJohn Tietsort, Cass County, Mich., March 15, 1834\\nWilliam Case, Cass County, Mich., .Ian. 12, 1836\\nCharles Morris, Cass County, .Mich., March 18, 1836\\nJay R. Monroe, Van Buren County, May 24, 1830\\nH. N. Monroe, Van Buren County. Jan. 12, 1837\\nEpaphrii Ransom, Kalamazoo I ounty, Mich., May 24, 1836..\\nTheo P. Sheldon. Kalamazoo County. Mich., May 24, 1836...\\nSection 20.\\nJonathan Gard, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 14, i830....\\n.lonathan Gard, Cass County. Mich., June 22. 1831...\\nJames Newton, Cass County, Mich., March 23, 1832..\\nHenry Myers, Cass County, Mich.. Sept. 23, 1833\\nDavid Crane, Cass County. Mich.. Jan. 7. 1836\\nJohn Buck, Van Buren County, May 14, 1836\\nThomas J. Lewis, Cass County, Mich., July 23, 1836\\nJohn Buck, Cass County. Mich., Jan. 28, 1837\\nThomas Statler, Niagara County, N. Y Feb. 2, 1837..\\nSection 21.\\nJonathan Gard, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1831\\nJonathan Gard, Cass County, Mich., April 27, 1836\\nDavid Hopkins, Berrien County, May 14, 1836\\nThomas T. Lewis, Cass County, Mich., .May 14, 1836\\nEpaphro Ransom. Kalamazoo County, Mich., May 24, 183-5...\\nHubbard, Homer aud Patrick. Hampshire Couuty, Mass.,\\nJuly 5, 1836\\nSection 22.\\nThomas T. Lewis, Cass County, Mich., May 14. 1856\\nLawrence, Imlay and B., May 28. 1836\\nKelsey Saunders, Genesee County, N. Y., Dec. 12, 1836...\\nJesse Buck, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 28, 1837\\nJosephus Gard, Jan. 28, 1837\\nIsa:u; N. James, Kalamazoo County. Mich., Jan. 2X, 1837\\nSection 23.\\nLeicester Olds, t ayuga County. N. Y;, March 2, 1836\\n.loseph S. Wiseman, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Dec. 12, 1836.\\nJoseph S.Wiseman, Dec. 14, 1836\\nWilliam Mulford, Wayne County, Dec. 14, 1836\\nEdward Legg, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Dec. 17, 1836\\nI\\nSection 24.\\n8( Henry Newberry, Wayne Couuty, Dec.\\n40 Thomas N. Copley. Cass County, Mich.\\n40 William Mulford, Wayne County, .Ian.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0422.jp2"}, "423": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n.lolin 0. Ladd, Oneida County, May 27, 1836 80\\nEdward Carroll, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 10, 1847 40\\nSEcrioN 2o.\\nChapin Howard, Windham County, Vt., April 24, 1837 H J\\nWilliam Mulford, Wayne County, Mich Dec. 9, 1843 104\\n.lohn F. Goff, Cass County, Mich., Sept 10, 1844 50\\nBillingham Co.. Dec. 13, 1S47 70.\\nCalvin Goodrich, JcflFerson County, N. V.. April 22, 18-52 40\\n.lohn F. Goff, Cass County, .Mich., May 11, 18-53 40\\nSect I O.N 26.\\nWalter V. Wheaton, Wayne County, Jan. 28, 1887 160\\nWilliam M. McCutcheon, New York City, .Jan. 28, 1837 154\\nHugh McCutcheon, New York City, Jan. 28, 1837 160\\nOrmand S. Howard, Windham County, Vt., Jan. 28, 1837 160\\nSection 27.\\nGeorge W. More l Wayne County, Dec. 10, 1836 160\\nElias Whitcomb, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Dec. 15, 1836 160\\nJosephus Gard, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 28, 1839 80\\nDavid T. Harris. New York City, Jan. 28, 18-39 80\\n.Samuel W. Goodrich. .New York City, Jan. 28, 1839 160\\nSection 28.\\nDavid Hopkins, lierrien County, May 14, 1836 200\\nHorace Butler, Oneida County, May 20, 1836 40\\nGeorge Uedfield, Cass County, Mich., May 28, 1836 80\\nLawrence, Inilay Co., Onondaga County, N. Y., May 28,\\n1836 160\\nWilliam Burtis, New York City, Jan. 28, 1837 80\\nSection 29.\\nJames Newton, (Jass County, Mich., March 23, 1832 160\\nHenry Myers, Cass County, Mich., June 6, 1833 80\\nPhilip Myers, Cass County, Mich., May 14, 1836 40\\nHenry Myers, Cass County, Mich., May 14, 1836 80\\nGeorge Newton, Cass County, Mich., May 16, 1836 160\\nHorace Butler, Oneida County, N. Y., May 20, 1886 120\\nSection 30\\nJames Newton, Cass County, Mich March 23, 1832 80\\nWilliam Tietsort, Casi County, Mich., Aug. 15, 1832 217\\nIsaac Huff, Butler County, Ohio, March 26, 1833 137\\nPeter Huff, Cass County, Mich., April 6, 1833 40\\nCornelius Huff, Cass County, Mich., Jun% 6, 1834 40\\nHenry P. Voorhees, Montgomery County, N. Y., .April 26,\\n18;;6 80\\nSection 31.\\nHenry 1 Voorhees, April 26, 1836 80\\nGideon H. Horton, Cayuga County, N. Y,, May 14, 1836 176\\nLawrence, Imlay Co., May 14, 1836 298\\nJohn Huff, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 25, 1830 40\\nSection 32.\\nGideon H. Horton, May 14, 1836 80\\nLawrence, Imlay Co., May 28, 1886 400\\nRobert H. Maclay, New York City, Jan. 28, 1837 160\\nSection 33.\\nJohn M. Labatut, New York City, Jan. 28, 1837, entire 640\\nSection 34.\\nLevi Higgius, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 10, 1836 40\\nKdward KicharJson, New York City, Jan. 28, 1837 HO\\nHenry Clossey, New York City, Jan. 28, 1837 160\\nFidelia D. Cushing, Onondaga County, N. Y., Jan. 28, 1837... 80\\nHenry H. Gale, Windham County, Vt., Jan. 28, 1H37 80\\nIsaiah Goodrich, Windham County, Vt., Jan. 28, 1837 195\\nSection 35.\\nThomas WiUiamj, Ojtario County, N. Y., Dec. 13, 1836 155\\nBraddock Bailey, Kalamazoo ounty, Mich., Dec. 17, 1836... 198\\nIsaac A. Briggs, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Jan. 28, 1837 7\\nGeorge C. Germond, New York City, Jan. 28, 1837 80\\nWilliam Meek, St. Joseph County, July 13, 1836 85\\nSection 36.\\nRobert Meek, St. Joseph County, July 13, 183ii 40\\nThomas Williams, Ontario County, N. Y., Dec. 13, 1836 129\\nReuben Hiushaw, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 13, 1836 160\\nWilliam Meek, St. Joseph County, July 13, 1836 80\\nWilliam Duncan, tiass County, Mich., May 27, 1848 80\\nLevi Garwood, Cass County, Mich., June 2, 1849 40\\nJosephus Gard, having a predilection for a province\\nin Poland, named Volhynia, called this township by\\nthe same name, but the orthography was subsequently\\nchanged until it is now spelled Volinia, which conforms\\nto the modern idea of things. This township was\\nformed by an act of the Territorial Government,\\napproved March 29, 1833, the text of which is as\\nfollows: That all that part of the county of Cass\\nknown and distinguished as Township 5 south, in\\nRange .13 and 14 west, of the principal meridian,\\ncompose a township by the name of Volinia and that\\nthe first township meeting be held at the house of\\nJosephus Gard in said township. It was further\\nenacted that the county of Van Buren shall be\\nattached to the township of Volinia, in the county of\\nCass, for all purposes whatsoever, and thus con-\\ntinued until March 26, 1835, when it was detached.\\nTown 5 south, 14 west, was detached March 9, 1843,\\nand erected in a township called Marcellus.\\nThe boundaries to Volinia were surveyed by William\\nBrookfield, who completed them March 20, 1827,\\nand the subdivisions by John Mullett, D. S., who\\ncompleted them April 24, 1830, as per contract with\\nWilliam Lytle, Surveyor General of the United\\nStates.\\nWithin its boundaries can be found six small lakes\\nand the Christiana Creek, so that it is very well\\nwatered.\\nEmbraced within a strip of country extending\\nnortheast and southwest can be found the best portion\\nof the township, as it includes Gard s Prairie and\\nLittle Prairie Ronde. The other portions can only\\nbe called fair agricultural land, and are in some\\ninstances quite rolling. We have only to take a\\nretrospective view of a trifle over half a century to\\nfind this township in a state of nature, undisturbed\\nby the woodman s ax or the farmer s plow, the Indians\\nand wild animals contending with each other for the", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0423.jp2"}, "424": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nrights of possession. What a wonderful transforma-\\ntion does the country now exhibit On every\\nhand are seen the civilizing hands of the\\nwhite man, the Indians and the wild denizens of the\\nforests have entirely disappeared from the land; fine\\nhouses grace the place where stood the wigwam, from\\nwhence arose to heaven s blue vault the curling smoke\\nfertile fields and productive orchards vie with each\\nother in contributing to the comfort and happiness\\nof a teeming, industrious people, who may well feel\\nproud of the noble heritage left them by their self-\\ndenying progenitors, nearly all of whom have passed\\naway.\\nAll honor is due those brave people who left their\\nhomes in the far East and the comforts of civilization,\\nand with their white-winged wagons, without even an\\nIndian trail to guide them, started for the unbroken\\nwilderness, preceding canals, steamboats, grist-mills,\\nand all the necessary adjuncts of a civilized commu-\\nnity, hardly waiting for an extinguishment of the\\nIndian title, exchanging a life of comfort for one of\\nweary privations, where indefatigable labor was nec-\\nessary to secure even a bare existence. They are the\\nones who laid the basis for the present wealth and\\nprosperity we now enjoy, and their memories should\\nnot only be revered, but inscribed on the ever endur-\\ning tablets of history. One can hardly realize the\\ninconveniences to which early settlers were subject\\nand the length of time consumed in marketing\\ntheir crops at St. Joseph, which was then headquar-\\nters for the people of this township. The actual trip\\nfrom Little Prairie Ronde, in the northern portion\\nof the township, occupied seven days as late as 18B4,\\nas follows First day to Paw Paw, where Mr. D. 0.\\nDodge had just put up a small house for a tavern\\nsecond to Emerson s or Freeman s, Christie s Lake\\nthird half way from there to St. .Joseph fourth\\nreached river and crossed fifth sold load and back\\nten miles to John B. Rulo s, a Frenchman, at that\\ntime the only inhabitant between Paw Paw and\\nSt. Joseph sixth, back to Paw Paw and seventh\\nhome.\\nVolinia has 19,637 acres in farms, 13,384 of which\\nare improved, and in 187U produced from 4,325 acres\\n82,388 bushels of wheat; 124,961 bushels of ears of\\ncorn from 2,619 acres 26,078 bushels of oats from\\n804 acres 763 bushels of clover seed 11,939\\nbushels of potatoes 1,625 tons of hay in 1880\\npossessed 589 head of horses: 571 head of cattle;\\n2,307 hogs 3,832 head of sheep, that produced\\n20,394 pounds of wool 411 acres in orchards, from\\nwhich was sold in 1879, 9,975 bu.shels of apples,\\nwhile small fruits and vegetables were produced in\\ngreat quantity and variety.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThe first schoolhouse was constructed of logs in\\n18-32 or 1833, on the land owned by David Crane, in\\nSection 17, ami was taught by Michael V. V. Crane.\\nThere being no public school money, each scholar paid\\na tuition varying in price. In 1833, Miss Charlotte\\nCopley, daughter of Alexander Copley, taught school\\nin her father s house, receiving as compensation $2 per\\nscholar for a term of three months. In 1834, a log\\nschoolhouse was erected, and the first school in it was\\ntaught by Edw. T. Jacobs. Since then the school\\ninterest has very materially increased, keeping pace\\nwith the increase in wealth and population, until now\\nthe township is divided into eight districts, each sup-\\nplied with a comfortable schoolhouse, seven of which\\nare frame and one brick, having a total valuation of\\n$5,900. There are 390 school children, and there\\nwas paid for their instruction, in one year (1880),\\n$1,288. The township library contains 993 volumes,\\nthe districts possessing no libraries.\\nEARLY ROADS.\\nIt has been said that a nation s wealth and prosper-\\nity can be determined by the number and magnificence\\nof her highways, and it certainly can be so ascertained\\nwith a certain degree of accuracy in an agricultural\\ndistrict. The first Highway Commissioners in 1833,\\nwere David Crane, Josephus Gard and William\\nMoreland and the first road was surveyed by Samuel\\nMarrs and John Woolman, and commenced on the\\nwest line, of Section 19, and run northeast where the\\nschoolhouse was and thence east one mile, and then\\nnorth between Sections 16 and 17. In December, same\\nyear, a road was surveyed From Charleston to connect\\nwith the first one which led to Pokagon. In 1834,\\nwhen Van Buren County was attached to Volinia for\\ntownship purposes, the settlers were required to work\\nout their road tax on the swamp where Lawton now\\nstands. Although the distance some were obliged to\\ntravel was considerable, all were reijuired to put in\\neight hours work for a day.\\nIn 1836, Charleston, on Little Prairie Ronde, was\\nlaid out by Jacob Morelan, Jacob Charles, Alexander\\nand Samuel Fulton, comprising thirty-two lots. The\\nfirst house was built by James Huff At one time it\\npromised to be a place of considerable importance.\\nA daily line of stages passed from Kalamazoo toNiles,\\nbut, on the completion of the Michigan Central Rail-\\nroad, its business began to wane until now only a few\\nhouses remain to mark the spot. It was here that the\\nveteran pioneer and landlord, Elijah Goble, first flung\\nto the breeze, in 1837, the cheering sign of the Brown\\nEagle, which greeted the weary traveler and which\\nswung to and fro in the breeze for thirty years.\\n4", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0424.jp2"}, "425": {"fulltext": "D/\\\\jvIl ZL c. sqJi ER..\\n|V|RS.D/\\\\)v/lEL CSQlilER.\\nOLIV EK MIGH.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0425.jp2"}, "426": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0426.jp2"}, "427": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n293\\nHardly had the house been completed before he\\nagreed to furnish a dinner for the settlers to the num-\\nber of twenty or thirty, and he fortunately made im-\\nmense preparations, for they came from far and near,\\nand seventy-five people sat down to the well-filled\\nboard. A more jolly and happy set of people it would\\nhave been difficult to 6nd, for sociability was a marked\\ncharacteristic of the early pioneer, and their sociabil\\nity was increased by frequent libations of whisky, which\\nwas set out free, where every one could help themselves,\\nsuch a thing. as a temperance society being then un-\\nknown to them and thus was celebrated the first pio-\\nneer picnic in Cass County, forty-five years ago. A\\nwandering fiddler, who had lost his way, strayed\\nupon the happy company, and he was immediately\\nengaged by the young people, who, to the number of\\ntwenty-two couples, tripped the light fantastic toe,\\nthe young men in coarse boots, and the rosy-cheeked\\nlasses in bright calico dresses, and one and all were as\\nhappy as if clad in the finest raiment. Elijah Goble\\nand his wife who now live in Decatur, Van Buren\\nCounty are the only surviving couple of the older\\npioneers. Mrs. Goble s maiden name was Eliza Tittle,\\nand they had journeyed together in a matrimonial\\nstate forty-eight years, the 28th of last September.\\nNicholasville, which contains a population of about\\none hundred, possessed two stores, a drug and general\\nstore, the latter being owned by Mr. J. M. Goodspeed,\\na blacksmith, wagon-shop and a grist-mill. The first\\nstore was conducted by Mr. Goodspeed, and the hotel\\nby Jonathan Nichols, who came from New York State,\\nand the place took its name from the Nichols Bros.\\nVolinia contains one grist-mill, general store, black-\\nsmith-shop, etc., and has a population of about fifty.\\nREMINISCENCES.\\nIn an early day, two trees growing close together\\nwere utilized by Mr. George Newton as a cheese press,\\nby boring a hole through one into the other, into\\nwhich was inserted a kingbolt, which also passed\\nthrough the lever between the trees. The trees now\\nmeasure six and one-half feet in circumference. Mr.\\nGeorge Newton made his wife s first clothes-line of a\\nlong slim pole, by supporting one end in a crotched\\ntree, while the other end was supported by twisting\\ntogether two saplings, growing side by side, and the\\nremarkable part of it is that they grew together and\\nnow appear to be but one tree, branching out about\\nseven feet up into two, as they frequently do, while\\nthe body of the two trees thus formed, although two feet\\nin circumference, plainly indicates, by its spiral, auger-\\nlike appearance, where they were twisted together.\\nIn the Spring of 1832, the first marriages in the\\ntownship took place, the contracting parties being\\nDavid Curry and Alexander Fulton, to Sarah and\\nElizabeth, daughters of Josephus Gard, both couples\\nbeing married by the same ceremony.\\nIn 1832, the Sauk war frightened people terribly,\\nas rumors of terrible atrocities perpetrated by the\\nwily savages reached their ears. Twenty-six men were\\ndrafted from this township and were commanded by\\nJohn Curry as Captain and Elijah Goble as First\\nLieutenant. They were drilled by Hon. George New-\\nton, who possessed considerable knowledge of military\\ntactics. They never went farther than Niles, and\\nonly four of the twenty-six are now alive. The\\nwomen around Charleston, being alone, became ter-\\nribly frightened, and, in their vivid imagination, could\\nalmost feel their scalp-locks raising, and they con-\\ncluded to fortify. They accordingly made a rail fort\\nand covered it with straw and, as implements of war,\\ntook inside several axes, hoes, shovels, etc., and a\\nchurn, with which to blockade the entrance. They\\nnever occupied it, however, for Rev. Petty and Sam-\\nuel Morris, Sr., appeared on the scene of imaginary\\nactive hostilities and allayed their fears.\\nIn 1835, Hon. George Newton was appointed by\\nSheriff Henry H. Fowler as census taker, and his\\nduties took him over the whole of Van Buren County,\\nwhich was then attached to Volinia, and for which\\nlabor he never received any compensation.\\nThe following copy of a tax receipt shows that taxes\\nwere not very high at that date: Volinia, Cass Co.,\\nMich. T.,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Rec d of Samuel Morris, $1.75 in full\\nfor state, co., and town tax, for 1832. E. J. Jacobs,\\nCollector M. T.\\nVOLINIA farmers CLUB.\\nIt is a lamentable fact that there has been, and still\\nis, a great lack of uniformity of action on the part of\\nfarmers and the general difi usion of practical knowl-\\nedge which can be obtained in no other way than\\nmeeting together and discussing every subject relating\\nto their business interests for many are possessed of\\nvaluable information which would be imparted in no\\nother manner. The Grange has, in a measure, met\\nthis desideratum still farmers clubs, if properly con-\\nducted, are much more desirable. Great credit has\\nbeen accorded Volinia, because of her Farmers Club,\\nwhich has been one of the means of placing her among\\nthe foremost townships in the county and State, and\\nthe great good accomplished by this organization can\\nnever be fully determined. The history of this town-\\nship would be incomplete without an extended notice\\nof this organization.\\nThe Volinia Farmers Club was organized in\\n1865, its object being, as stated in the constitution,\\nto increase the knowledge in agriculture and horti-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0427.jp2"}, "428": {"fulltext": "294\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nculture of its members. It was officered as follows:\\nB. G. Buell, President A. B. Copley and John Stru-\\nble, Vice Presidents F. E. Warner, Treasurer and\\nH. S. Rogers, Secretary. Several meetings were held\\nthis year, and in January of the succeeding year a\\nsystem of laying out the year s business, and announc-\\ning the topics to be discussed, and promulgating them\\nby means of programs, was adopted, which has been\\nadhered to ever since.\\nIn 1867, the Club held its first fair, which has been\\nheld annually ever since, except two years, the rain ef-\\nfectively preventing an exhibition last year. Although\\ncharging no admission fee and awarding no money\\npremiums, the fair has been a grand success, at times\\nrivaling the county fair, there being immense crowds\\nin attendance and fine exhibits in agricultural prod-\\nucts, stock and machinery. The only award secured\\nby the successful competitor was a ribbon, which he\\nseemed to prize more highly than money the names\\nof those receiving premiums being published in the\\ncounty papers was another incentive that drew exhib-\\nitors together. The expenses which were kept down\\nto tiie minimum, were met by the annual dues of mem-\\nbers fifty cents per annum and the rental of booths.\\nNo restrictions as to locality was placed upon exhibit-\\nors, consequently the fame of this Farmers Club Fair\\nhas extended farther than the borders of this State.\\nThe conducting of a fair in this manner is without\\nprecedent, and its success demonstrates the wisdom of\\nits bold projectors. Members of the club have, under\\nits direction, made many experiments, which have ac-\\ncrued to its advantage, being a practical demonstra-\\ntion of the truth or falsity of theories advanced.\\nImpliment trials have been participated in by large\\nEastern manufacturers, and th-e value of their inven-\\ntions determined. The sheep-shearing festivals have\\nbeen productive of much good, while the annual wheat\\nmeeting, where this important cereal is discussed in\\nall its bearings, draws people from many surrounding\\ncounties to derive the benefit of its deliberations. The\\nclub has been instrumental in exposing and disgrac-\\ning grain purchasers, who were swindling its mem-\\nbers by a system of short weights, and thus at least\\nchecking this evil. Commencing without experience,\\nnot a member having belonged to a similar organiza-\\ntion, the club has steadily improved and increased in\\nimportance until now it has a State reputation, and\\nthe great good that it has accomplished by the\\ndiffusion of practical knowledge, the expansion of\\nideas and the benefits socially and financially, can\\nnever be even approximated, and the members of this\\nclub, the township, county, and even State, are deep-\\nly indebted to those who have been the prime movers\\nand supporters of it since its organization.\\nIn 1874, the $25 premium offered by the Michi-\\ngan State Agricultural Society for the most success-\\nful township farmers club in the State was awarded\\nthis club, the history of the same being prepared by\\nH. S. Rogers, its Secretary, and it now antedates any\\nsimilar organization in the State. The present offi-\\ncers are N. B. Goodenough, President G. G. Wood-\\nmansee, M. B. Welsher, John Kirby, Vice Presidents\\nH. S. Rogers, Secretary.\\nANTI-HORSE-THIEF SOCIETY.\\nProtection of person and property is one of nature s\\nfirst laws, and the necessity of protecting their equine\\nproperty called into being the above-named society\\nwhich was organized in 1852 with eleven members, the\\nofficers being as follows Isaac Waldron, Chairman\\nGeorge Newton, Secretary Jonathan Gard, Treas-\\nurer. Each member presented his horses to a fore-\\nI man, George Newton being the first, who records a\\ndescription of them, so that when stolen they can\\nreadily be described, and also to estimate their worth\\nwhich will be paid to the owner unless recovered.\\nThere are in the organization what are termed in-\\nriders and out-riders, twelve of each, the latter\\nbeing provided with pistols, who can be called out at\\na moment s notice to pursue a horse-thief, and they\\nare so thoroughly organized, having grips, tokens and\\npass-words, that no thief has yet escaped detection,\\nand they have even procured horses for parties outside\\ntheir organization, charging therefor. The horses of\\nwidows, whose husbands died in full membership, are\\nprotected. The organization became so popular that\\nits jurisdiction was extended as to include Wayne\\nTownship. The present officers are: M. J. Gard,\\nChairman; G. W. Gard, Treasurer; John Huff, Sec-\\nretary; L. H. Warner, Foreman.\\nMASONIC.\\nVolinia Lodge, No. 227, Free and Accepted\\nMasons, was chartered January 9, 1868. The first\\nofficers were John Struble, W. M.; Milton J. Gard,\\nS. W.; B. F. Gard, J. W.; Amos Green, Treasurer\\npro tern. L. H. Warner, Secretary ^^ro tern. William\\nR. Kirby, S. D., pro fern.; C. G. Harford, J. D. pro\\ntern., and, including George Newton, the charter mem-\\nbers. The lodge owns the room in which they con-\\nvene, and for which they paid $600. Friendship,\\nbrotherly love and zeal in the good cause must be\\nprominent traits in the members of this lotlge, who,\\nwith a membership of only twenty-eight, have not\\nonly purchased their room, but have it well fur-\\nnished, possess a fine regalia, and have money in\\ntheir treasury. Regular communications are held on\\nthe first Thursday on or before the full of the moon.\\n1", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0428.jp2"}, "429": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n295\\nIts officers uow are: William F. Kirby, W. M.; M.\\nB. Welcher, S. W.; F. M. Thompson, J. W.; G.\\nW. Gard, Secretary; James M. Wright, Treasurer;\\nAbram Gary, S. D.; M. D. Wethrell, J. D.; Jasper\\nColeman, Tiler.\\nVOLINIA CORNET BAND.\\nVolinia Cornet Band was organized November 13,\\n1877, and the following officers elected on the 24th\\nWilliam W. Patrick, President Edward Goodenough,\\nVice President; Edgar C. Everett, Secretary Milton\\nJ. Gard, Treasurer. They commenced practicing\\nvery faithfully, and were soon able to produce music\\nin which they and their friends took a justifiable\\npride. They possess a good set of instruments. The\\npresent officers are M. B. Welcher, President Charles\\nWarner, Vice President E. C. Everett, Secre-\\ntary; E. J. Gard, Treasurer; the other members of\\nthe band being G. W. Gard, E. Thompson, A. C.\\nKirby, A. Hathaway, William Wright, William\\nHart, L. P. Gard, Clark Finch and Abram Cary,\\nwho is the leader.\\nThe Volinia Neat Stock Improvement Company\\nwas organized some four years since for purposes pat-\\nent in its name. It has not a large membership, and\\nits operations are small, still they are directed in the\\nright direction and will inure to the benefit of its\\nmembers, who have as officers M. J. Gard, Purchas-\\ning Agent and Herdsman; M. B. Welcher, Presi-\\ndent; D. D. Judie, Treasurer; William R. Kirby,\\nSecretary.\\nRELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS.\\nThe first Regular Baptist Church of Wayne and\\nVolinia was constituted January 9, 1858, as a branch\\nof the Dowagiac Baptist Church, consisting of eight\\nmembers, viz.: James Churchill and his wife Lorisa,\\nLevi and Margaret Churchill, Isaac and Harriet.\\nCross, Josiah and Emily Bond the same day six\\nmore members were received. Under the ministra-\\ntions of Rev. S. H. D. Vaughn, their numbers were\\nincreased to forty-six in the space of three weeks, and\\non the 22d of April, 1858, they were organized into\\nan independent body, and recognized by a council\\nconvened at the Methodist Chapel in the township of\\nWayne from the churches of Edwardsburg, Liberty,\\nDowagiac, Niles and Paw Paw. Rev. S. H. D.\\nVaughn continued as pastor for three years, succeeded\\nby Rev. G. W. Miner one year. Rev. John Kirby\\nwas its pastor for twelve years, with intervals, and\\nduring those intervals Rev. R. S. Dean presided as\\npastor one year; William Reed, one year, and C. D.\\nGregory eight months. The church, which has a\\nmembership of forty -six, is now without a pastor, and\\nhas, as Deacons, J. W. Churchill and G. Hammond.\\nPreparations are being made to erect a fifteen hun-\\ndred dollar church edifice on the northwest corner of\\nSection 28, in the spring of 1882, school and private\\nhouses having been used until this date. According\\nto a resolution unanimously passed April 16, 1881, the\\nchurch will hereafter be designated as the Baptist\\nChurch of Christ of Volinia.\\nVolinia Chapel Methodist Episcopal Church (Col-\\nored) was erected in Section 36 in 1872, at an expense\\nof about $500. It was organized in 1871, with R.\\nJcflfers, William Walden and Henry Lucas as trust-\\nees. It has about thirty-two members.\\nNewton Grove Church which was so named by the\\nDunkards, because the ground on which the neat church\\nbuilding was erected in 1877 was leased them, free, by\\nHon. George Newton, as long as used for church pur-\\nposes, was only formally set aside, as at present in\\n1881. They employ no salaried pastor, and have a\\nmembership of about sixty. The Deacons are A.\\nClark, James E. Gould and Andrew and Jacob She-\\nline.\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1833-36, James Newton 1837, David Hopkins\\n1838, Hubbell Warner; 1839, Amos Huff; 1842-44,\\nHubbell Warner; 1845, Joseph Warner; 1846-48,\\nDavid Hopkins 1849-50, James Fulton; 1851-52,\\nGeorge Newton 1853-54, Hubbell Warner 1855,\\nEmmos Buell 1856-58, Alexander B. Copley\\n1859-60, Milton J. Gard 1861-63, W. L. Dixon\\n1864, A. B. Copley; 1865-66, Milton J. Gard;\\n1867, A. B. Copley; 1868-70, John Huff; 1871,\\nJohn Struble 1872, A. B. Copley 1873, John\\nStruble; 1874-77, John Kirby; 1878-81, John\\nHuff\\nTREASURERS.\\n1837-38, James Huff; 1839, Hubbell Warner;\\n1842, Joseph Goodspeed; 1843, Hubbell Warner;\\n1844-50, Joseph Goodspeed 1851-55, Peter Sturr\\n1856-60, W. L. Dixon 1861-63, W. L. Goodspeed\\n1864-67, John Huff; 1868-73, L. H. Warner:\\n1874-77, E. C. Good.speed 1878-79, William R.\\nKirby 1880-81, Manly B. Welcher.\\nCLERKS.\\n1833-34, David Crane; 1835-43, Daniel C.\\nSquire; 1844-53, R. J. Huyck 1854-56, M.J.\\nGard; 1857, Joseph Warner; 1858, R. J. Huyck;\\n1859, P. W. Southworth; 1860, H. T. Wing;\\n1861-62, P. W. Southworth 1863, E. S. Parker\\n1864-65, P. W. Southworth 1866, R. J. Huyck\\n1867-68, J. M. Goodspeed; 1869, C. E. Good-\\nenough 1870, I. N. Gard 1871, J. N. Root 1872,\\nG. W. Gard; 1873, J. N. Root; 1874-76, S. L.\\nGeorge; 1877-80, Abram Cary 1881, William R.\\nKirby.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0429.jp2"}, "430": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nBIOGEAPHIOAI. SKETCHES.\\nAMOS HUFF.\\nProminent among the pioneers of Volinia was\\nAmos Huff, the eldest son of James and Sarah Huff,\\nwho was born in the State of New Jersey January\\n30,1799. His death occurred July 4, 1881, on the farm\\non which he settled forty-seven years previous, and\\nwhich he had redeemed from a state of nature. He\\nmoved with his father to Northumberland County,\\nPenn., while quite young, and from there to Clark\\nCounty, Ohio. His father s family consisted of seven\\nchildren one daughter and six sons two of whom\\nsurvive, James, of Maroa, 111., and Wesley, of Wayne\\nTownship, Cass County, Mich.\\nHe came to this county in 1833, on a prospecting\\ntour, and located land in Volinia, to which he re-\\nmoved his family the year following, at which time\\nMichigan was a Territory, and Cass County in a com-\\nparatively undeveloped state, and, during his residence\\nhere of forty-seven years, he did his full share in fit-\\nting the county for the habitation of man. He was\\nan industrious, hard-working man, and as a mechanic\\nstood at the head of his profession, in his day and\\ntime, and many evidences of his handiwork can now\\nbe found in this and adjoining townships. He was\\nan honest, straightforward man, and bore the respect\\nand esteem of the people with whom he had lived so\\nmany years, for he was kind-hearted, honest and gen-\\nerous. He was a consistent member of the Methodist\\nChurch, of which he became a member many years\\nbefore his death. In politics, he was a Republican.\\nHe was the father of nine children, as follows Will-\\niam, deceased; James, in California; John, a prom-\\ninent farmer in Volinia Newton, also in Volinia\\nSarah, now Mrs. Dine; Margaret, Jay and Clark, all\\nresidents of Volinia, and Nancy, deceased.\\nApril 13, 1829, Mr. Huff was married to Mar-\\ngaret, daughter of John and Nancy Case, who was\\nborn in Northumberland County, Penn., March 1,\\n1804. Her death occurred April 19, 1881, but a\\nfew months previous to her husband s. Mrs. Huff is\\nnumbered among the noble band of pioneer mothers\\nwho did well their part in the settlement of this\\nWestern country. She was an affectionate wife and\\nmother, kind and charitable to all, and is now reap-\\ning the reward of the just.\\n.JOHN HUFF.\\nJohn Huff, son of Amos and Margaret Huff, was\\nborn in Clark County, Ohio, August 3, 1833, and\\nwhen but one year old, removed, with his parents, to\\nVolinia, Cass County, Mich., which place has since\\nbeen his home.\\nMr. Huff grew to youth and manhood in this new\\ncountry, and has not only witnessed its transition from\\na wild state to one fitted for intelligent cultivation,\\nbut has also assisted in performing his share of the\\nhard labor, for pioneer farmers sons were required to\\nperform manual labor as soon as their strength would\\npermit and many a log heap and brush pile have\\nvanished into thin smoke through his industry. His\\nopportunities for scholastic attainments were confined\\nto the primary schools of his district, but were so\\nwell improved and supplemented with study and close\\napplication out of school, that he soon assumed the role\\nof school-teacher, and in the district where he re-\\nceived instruction as a scholar.\\nHaving been reared to agricultural pursuits, Mr.\\nHuff is well versed in his chosen occupation, farming,\\nand ranks among the most intelligent and enterpris-\\ning farmers of the county, he now having a farm of\\n180 acres.\\nRecognizing in him one eminently well qualified for\\nthe position, he has been elected, by his people, to the\\noffice of School Inspector for ten years, and in 1864\\nwas elected to the office of Township Treasurer, which\\noffice he held for four successive years, until elected to\\nthe office of Supervisor in 1868 the following year\\nhe was chosen Chairman of the Board of Supervisors,\\nfor he held this office for three years in succession, when\\nhe declined a renomination. Although not an aspir-\\nant for the office, preferring to attend to his private\\nbusiness, he was, in 1878, again chosen as Supervisor,\\nwhich office he has held for the past four years, and\\nagain, the last year, was elected as Chairman of the\\nBoard, an honor most worthily conferred.\\nThe chief characteristics of Mr. Huff are hon-\\nesty and integrity, which, coupled with much na-\\ntive ability, have won hira an enviable reputation\\namong those who know him best. In politics, he is a\\nRepublican, and takes an active interest in all town-\\nship affairs that will accrue to the general weal, al-\\nways giving his influence on the side of right.\\nMay 12, 1872, he married Miss Eliza Wright, of\\nVolinia, oldest daughter of James and Sarah Wright,\\nwho was born January 24, 1847, and Mr. Huff has\\nfound in her a most worthy companion. They are the\\nparents of two children Amy, born May 18, 1873,\\nand Otis, born August 1, 1875.\\nWe present the readers of this work the portraits\\nof Mr. and Mrs. John Huff; also the portraits of his\\nfather and mother, which he inserts as a tribute of love\\nand respect to his deceased parents.\\nALEXANDEU COPLEY.\\nAlexander Copley was born November 22, 1790, at\\nGranby, Hartford County, Conn., being the youngest\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0430.jp2"}, "431": {"fulltext": "/\\\\)vios mJff.\\nJV1F(S.^AM0S I-! Jff.\\njoh, nI hl/ff.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0431.jp2"}, "432": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0432.jp2"}, "433": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MIOHKJAN.\\n297\\nof seven children he was of English descent, his\\ngrandfather emigrated from England in the early part\\nof the eighteenth century, and settled in Suffield,\\nConn. His mother was left a widow with five sons\\nand two daughters, the eldest eighteen, the youngest\\nsix years of age, but bravely managed to keep the\\nfamily together till able to care for themselves, with\\nthe meager assistance afforded I)y thirty acres of rocky,\\nsterile soil, one-fourth of a small grist-mill and one-\\nhalf of a saw-mill, where there was but little to saw\\nand less to grind. The writer of this has heard the\\nbrothers speak of saving the tolls of wheat till\\nThanksgiving Day, so that they could have a short-cake\\nof wheat flour, rye and corn being the principal bread-\\nstuff. In April, 1805, the older brothers sold the\\nproperty in Connecticut and removed the family to\\nWorcester, Otsego County, N. Y., a newly settled\\ncountry at that time, with but limited school privileges.\\nWhatever of education young Copley acquired was in\\nthe primary schools of Connecticut, attending only\\nthe winter terms, his school days ending with his fif-\\nteenth year; not so with his education, as he studied at\\nhome when not at work, as a well-worn copy of Love s\\nArt of Surveying, mastered in his sixteenth winter,\\nattests. In 1809, he was apprenticed to his brother\\nWilliam to learn the carpenter s trade in Jefferson\\nCounty, N. Y., and from 1811 to 1814 worked with\\nhis brother as a journeyman. In 1814, September\\n25, he was married to Esther Nott, at the village of\\nChampion, Jefferson County, N. Y., where he resided,\\nworking at his trade until June, 1822, with varied\\nsuccess, as during the depression existing after the\\nclose of the war of 1812 there were hard times for\\nhim as well as many others, so much so that in the\\nsummer of 1817 he made a trip through Western New\\nYork, and as far as Cleveland, Ohio, looking for work,\\nspending part of the summer at Fredonia, N. Y., at\\nwork, but without materially bettering his condition.\\nLeaving Champion in 1822, he removed to New\\nHartford, Oneida County, where his brother William\\nhad preceded him, and in the manufacturing villages\\nnear Utica the next two years were spent in the man-\\nufacture of cotton machinery for the various compa-\\nnies therein located. Leaving New York Mills in 1824,\\nhe removed with his brother to Walden, twelve miles\\nwest of Newburgh, on the Hudson, where the next two\\nyears were spent in the manufacture of spinning and\\nweaving machinery on their own account. In 1826, he\\nwent to Matteawan, a village opposite Newburgh, tak-\\ning a position as Superintendent of the machine shops\\nof the company at that place, wliich he held for three\\nyears, leaving September 12, 1829, for the West,\\ngoing up the Hudson in a sloop to Albany, thence to\\nBuffalo by the Erie Canal and steamboat on Lake\\nErie, designing to settle in the Wabash County, Ind.;\\nI a cross steamboat Captain changed his mind, and in-\\nstead of Sandusky, he landed at Cleveland, going by\\ncanal to Massillon, its terminus, thence coming by\\nwagons to Wellsville on the Ohio River, and down by\\nsteamboat to Cincinnati, and to Dayton by canal,\\nwhere he arrived November 18, 1829.\\nHere he prospected the country some, worked in the\\nmachine-shop, putting in operation the machinery for\\nthe first cotton-mill of that place previously made at\\nthe Matteawan Company s works experimenting on\\nthe culture of silk, buying a small place of fifteen\\ni acres of timbered land near the village, now in\\nthe city, being engaged in these various occupations\\ntill the autumn of 1832, when he came to Mich-\\nigan, locating the land on the present site of Nichols-\\nville, Volinia Township. Returning, he spent the\\nwinter making preparations for removal, which, being\\ncompleted, he left Dayton June 9, 1833, with two\\nwagons, three yoke of oxen, one span of horses, four\\ncows, and several other head of neat cattle, poultry,\\netc. The horses were soon disabled in the swamps of\\nthe St. Mary s, and were replaced by the purchase of\\nan additional yoke of oxen, arriving at Little Prairie\\nRonde July 1, 1833, after a tedious trip of twenty-one\\ndays, a distance of 234 miles, averaging eleven miles\\na day some days only three, however. He had three\\nyoung men to help him on the trip besides his oldest\\nson of sixteen. In many places, all the teams would\\nbe attached to one wagon, which would be taken\\nthrough bad places, and then return for the other.\\nPart of the goods were unloaded and taken up the\\nMaumee to Fort Wayne, then reloaded. The family\\ncamped out during the trip, except one night spent in\\na deserted cabin on Sugar Hill, in the Elkhart bot-\\ntoms. Mr. Copley built the saw-mill at Nicholsville,\\nbeing the first in the township, starting December 20,\\n1835, at a cost of $449.07. He subsequently had a\\nturning shop attached, where materials for chairs, bed-\\nsteads, tables, etc., were prepared and sent off for fin-\\nishing elsewhere. He was always enthusiastic in\\nregard to new enterprises and improvements. When\\nleaving New York, he contemplated silk manufacturing\\nand grape culture for two seasons, at Dayton, he\\nraised silk-worms, made ingenious machinery for reel-\\ning the silk experimented with morm multicallis.\\nFrom Ohio, he brought to Michigan two choice Dur-\\nhams, the castings for three sizes, of Wood s plow (the\\nfirst introduced in Western Michigan, if not in the\\nTerritory), Isabella grape vines, pie plant (one root of\\nwhich was brought from New York); experimented\\nwith new varieties of crops and modes of culture.\\nj Among other things, he built a revolving hay rake from\\na description furnished by a land looker, long before they", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0433.jp2"}, "434": {"fulltext": "2\u00c2\u00bb8\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwere generally introduced. In political matters, Mr.\\nC. had neither taste nor ambition, yet served his town-\\nship as Road Commissioner and Asssessor, and his\\nschool district occasionally, building the first school-\\nhouse in his district at his own expense, which was\\nsubsequently burned while so occupied, and the school\\ntransferred to the log cabin he first built for his\\nfamily. In connection with Dr. Thomas and A. E.\\nBull, he acted as Commissioner in laying out a State\\nroad from Schoolcraft to St. Joseph Village, in May,\\n1837. At the age of twenty-two, he joined the Free-\\nmasons, and, during his early manhood, was zealously\\nattached to their principles later, he became an en-\\nthusiastic believer in the doctrines of the New Church\\nas tiiught by Emanuel Swedenborg, and endeavored to\\nconform his life in accordance therewith. For the last\\nthree years of his life he was in ill health, consumption\\nhaving developed itself beyond the control of medical,\\naid, terminating in his death January 6, 1842, leav-\\ning nine children, six daughters and three sons (four\\nchildren having previously died) and his widow, who\\njoined him May 1 2, 1852.\\nThis gentleman, for many years prominently identi-\\nfied with the history of Volinia Township, is of En-\\nglish descent and was born in Champion, Jefferson\\nCounty, N. Y., March 11, 1822. After various\\nchanges of location, the family emigrated from Day-\\nton, Ohio, to Volinia in 1833, where tiie elder Copley\\npurchased a farm and where he resided until his de\\ncease, which occurred in 1842. Alexander B. was at\\nthis time twenty years of age, with a widowed mother\\nand one brother and five sisters younger than himself\\nto care for. The responsibilities thus thrust upon him\\nwere such as to discourage most young men, but he\\nproved himself equal to the task, and for many years\\nwas the head of the family and the director of its af-\\nfairs. He received such advantages as were afforded\\nby the ordinary district school of that day, but com-\\npleted his education in that other school in which the\\nteachers are observation and experience. Mr. Copley\\nhas always been a practical farmer and has taken a\\ndeep interest in all agricultural experiments and im-\\nprovements, and his Volinia farm is one of the finest\\nin Cass County.\\nIn 1874, he moved to the village of Decatur. He\\nwas one of the original stockholders of the First Na-\\ntional Bank of Decatur, of which he is President.\\nAlthough not a politician in the ordinary acceptation\\nof the term, he has always taken a deep interest in\\npolitical affairs and has occupied many positions of\\ntrust and responsibility, the duties of which he has\\ndischarged with credit to himself and to the satisfac-\\ntion of his constituency.\\nFor six years he represented Volinia upon the\\nBoard of Supervisors. In 1865, he was elected to\\nthe representative branch of Legislature from the\\nnorthern district of Cass County, and re-elected for\\nthe session of 1871-72. In 1875, he represented the\\neastern district of Van Buren County, and was re-elected\\nin 1881.\\nMr. Copley s attention has not been wholly engrossed\\nby business and political matters he has devoted\\nmuch time to public improvements, prominent among\\nwhich is the magnificent road across the swamp\\nsoutheast of Decatur, which was constructed and\\nbrought into successful operation largely through his\\nindividual efforts he is now actively interested in the\\nfurtherance of a project for draining the Dowagiac\\nswamp.\\nIn 1850, Mr. Copley was married to Miss Jane H.,\\nsister of B. Hathaway, of Volinia his family con-\\nsists of his wife and two sons; the elder is married and\\nmanages the old farm.\\nSAMUEL MORRIS.\\nThe Morris family trace their ancestry back to\\nScotland, from which country the progenitor of the\\nAmerican branch emigrated many years ago. Samuel,\\nthe great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch,\\nparticipated in the Revolutionary war. His son,\\nSamuel, was a resident of Loudoun County, Va., and\\nit was here, August 16, 1798, that his son, Dolphin\\nMorris, was born. As noted in the township history.\\nDolphin and his wife, Nancy (Beaver) Morris, came to\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0434.jp2"}, "435": {"fulltext": "History of cass c!0Ux\\\\t\\\\\\\\ .Michigan.\\n2!1!\u00c2\u00bb\\nCass County in 1828. They came from Ross County,\\nOhio, when their son Samuel was born, August 17,\\n1824, and who accompanied his parents to this coun-\\ntry at the time indicated.\\nThe following biography of Samuel is from the\\nBerrien and Van Buren County history His\\neducation was obtained at the district school in the\\nvicinity of his father s, on the north side of Little\\nPrairie Ronde, with the exception of four months at\\na select school at Paw Paw, taught by Prof. Jesse\\nVose, now deceased. He being the oldest child of\\nhis father s family, was, at an early age, taught to\\nassist in all the different departments on the farm as\\noccasion seemed to demand. One of his duties was to\\nwatch his father s sheep during the day-time to\\nprevent the wolves from killing and devouring the\\nyoung lambs but despite his efforts, sometimes the\\nhungry beasts would ignore his presence, seize upon\\na lamb and run off with it. On one occasion, seven\\nwolves made their appearance at the same time, but,\\nowing to his courage and skill, were prevented from\\ndoing serious damage.\\nIndians were frequently his play-fellows, with whom\\nhe often joined in their sports. So familiar did he\\nbecome with them that he learned to speak their lan-\\nguage, and often joined them in target-shooting with\\nbow and arrow, with which he became an expert, many\\ntimes vanquishing his opponents, to their great cha-\\ngrin. Indeed, so great was his skill that he could\\nshoot a bird at a distance of fifteen rods with great\\nprecision. He also became skilled in the use of the\\nrifle, with which he took delight in hunting deer and\\nother game. In fact he furnished the family with\\nmeat a greater portion of the time. He married.\\nOctober 3, 1852, Harriet C, daughter of Thomas\\nSimpson, of Cass County, Mich., and immediately\\ncommenced housekeeping on his farm on Little\\nPrairie Ronde, Cass County. He has always been\\nengaged in farming, in which he has been very suc-\\ncessful. He has also been a stockholder and director\\nin the First National Bank of Decatur since its\\norganization, and for a period of ten years a director\\nof the same. He is a living witness of the growth\\nand prosperity of Western Michigan, having shared\\nin many of the hardships incident to pioneer life. In\\npolitics, he is a National Greenbacker. He bore one-\\nhalf the expense of inserting the portraits of his\\nfather and mother, his deceased brother, Charles H.,\\nand his wife, with a view of their residence, in the\\nBerrien and Van Buren County history, in which\\nvolume the whole credit is erroneously given another\\nbrother.\\nOLIVER HICxH.\\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Carlisle,\\nPenn., May 28, 1810, and is the son of Abraham and\\nHettie Ann (Whistler). When an infant, he moved\\nwith his parents to Cumberland County of that\\nState, and when ten years of age removed to Wayne\\nCounty, Ohio. When about twenty-one years of age,\\nhe moved to Medina County, the same State, and\\nthere worked at the blacksmith trade four years, and\\nhere married Electa Parmeter, by whom he had seven\\nchildren, only two of whom, David and Henry, sur-\\nvive. Mrs. High s death occurred in February, 1843,\\nand May 4 of this year he married Maria M.\\nLittle, they have been blessed with eight children,\\nseven of whom survive, as follows: Hettie A., James\\nA., Daniel W., Nelson A., Martha 0., Phoebe M.,\\nEzekiel M. Mr. High moved to Ashland County,\\nwhere he purchased thirty acres of land, which he\\ndisposed of, and in 1854 moved on to his present\\nfarm, when in a state of nature, in conformity\\nto a dream, as will be seen elsewhere in the his-\\ntory of Volinia. Mr. High has not only cleared up his\\nfirst purchase, 80 acres, but added to it until he now\\npossesses 120 acres of valuable land, all of which is\\nthe result of hard labor and economy, he having to\\ndepend upon his own exertions to further his financial\\ninterests. Mr. High is a good citizen and neighbor,\\nand has lived a quiet, uneventful life, and is now\\nenjoying the fruits of his industry.\\nDANIEL CONKLIN SQUIEK.\\nDaniel C. Squier, one of the early pioneers\\nof Volinia, was born in Allegheny County, Penn.,\\nMarch 23, 1800. He was the son of William and\\nSarah Squier, who were natives of New Jersey. When", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0435.jp2"}, "436": {"fulltext": "300\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nDaniel was three years of age, the family moved to\\nOhio, where Mrs. Squier died in April of 1823. The\\nelder Squier was a farmer, and Daniel C. was reared\\nto the same avocation. He received a good common\\nschool education, .which he made practically useful to\\nhimself and others by teaching. In the autumn of 1831,\\nhe started with his family for Michigan with an ox\\nteam, the journey occupying twenty-three days, and\\nwithout anything occurring out of the usual experi-\\nences of those who came at that time. The winter was\\npassed at Cassopolis, during which time he assisted in\\nthe survey and platting of the town. In March, 1832,\\nhe moved to the farm which he had located on Section\\n18, in the township of Volinia, which was in a state\\nof nature this farm he improved and it was his home\\nuntil his decease, which occurred July 28, 1873, in\\nthe seventy-fourth year of his age. March 30, 1828,\\nhe was married in Butler County, Ohio, to Miss Eliz-\\nabeth Case, who was born in Pennsylvania, from\\nwhence her father removed when she was a child to\\nButler County, Ohio. From Butler County they emi-\\ngrated to Cass County, settling in Volina, where they\\npassed the remainder of their lives they were exem-\\nplary people and died in Volinia at an advanced age,\\nfull of days and honor. Mr. and Mrs. Squier had\\nnine children born to them John, the eldest, was a\\nnative of Ohio, and is now one of the valued citizens\\nof the township of Volinia William resides on the\\nold homestead Charlotte, Elizabeth, Sarah and Dan-\\niel F., died in childhood of that terrible disease, scarlet\\nfever David A. lives in Decatur Susannah (Mrs.\\nJacob J. Morlan), resides in Volinia Mary (Mrs. W.\\nD. Rich), died May 6, 1863.\\nMr. Squier was a man of strict integrity, and\\nhighly thought of by those who knew him best he\\nfilled several political positions in township matters,\\nnotably among the number that of Township Treas-\\nurer, which office he filled with credit for nine con-\\nsecutive years. During the Black Hawk war, he held\\na Lieutenant s commission, and for his services received\\na land warrant of 160 acres of land. He was a man\\npossessed of a generous sympathetic nature he had\\na heart full of kindness, and while he was not a mem-\\nber of any church, he believed in a God of love and\\njustice, who, having made man in his own image and\\nin his own likeness, would not consign him to eternal\\nperdition. His hospitality was only equaled by his\\ngenerosity, and he was in every way worthy of the posi-\\ntion he held in the community in which he resided.\\nCHAPTER XXX.\\nPORTER.\\nEvidences of a Pre-Historic Race\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Settlements, Including the\\nIndians Assault upon John Baldwin\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Wolf and Wild Cat Story\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Panther Scare\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pioneer Samaritanism\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Reminis-\\ncences Organization of Township Early Taverns Coal Oil\\nSpeculation\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Reli gions Organizations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools Products Civil\\nList\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical\\nFROM the ancient days in the dim and shadowy\\npast, when the human race first arrived at a\\nstate of intelligence sufficient to enable them to\\ntransmit a traditionary or written account of them-\\nselves, all along down the turning ages, our progeni-\\ntors have left in various ways and by different means,\\ninformation more or less mythical of the age and\\ngeneration in which they played their ephemeral part\\non the world s ever-changing theater of action.\\nBy some, the world is accounted a drama in which\\nindividuals, communities, tribes and nations play\\ntheir part, and then disappear from the scene of\\naction, soon to be lost entirely from view, and the\\nhistory of this State, and even this township, would\\nseem to prove this true, for there are ample evidences\\nof its having been inhabited by a race of people whose\\nvery name has long since been forgotten, and whose only\\nremembrance is insignificant heaps of earth to be\\nfound scattered promiscuously around.\\nSuperior intelligence enables us, however, to trans-\\nmit to posterity written evidences of our existence,\\nand in the history of Cass County, Porter Township\\nbears no unimportant part. Geographically, it is\\nlarger in extent than any township in the county, and\\nin point of progress, dating from its settlement, com-\\npares in no unfavorable light with its sister townships.\\nEARLY SETTLEMENT.\\nIn the settlement of every township there are cer-\\ntain ones who act as the avant-couriers to those who\\nfollow. They are quick to discern favorable localities\\nand do not hesitate to avail themselves of their choice\\nof locations, and then to dilate upon the fertility of\\nthe land and its peculiar adaptability for farming, as\\nregards location, productiveness, etc., to all desirable\\nemigrants, so that they seldom long remain in an en-\\ntirely isolated condition, for neighbors become quite\\nplentiful in a few years. This was the case re-\\ngarding John Baldwin, a Southerner, who came into\\nthe township from Indiana, in 1828, and settled on\\nland now owned by George Meacham. Mr. Baldwin\\nwas a characteristic pioneer of the frontier type, natu\\nrally averse to hard labor he never made many im-\\nprovements, relying, in a great measure, on the income\\nfrom his tavern and his genius for traffic and dicker\\nfor a livelihood. A series of misfortunes seemed to\\nawait his arrival, for hardly had he made a settlement\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0436.jp2"}, "437": {"fulltext": "--Uh--\\nHON. GEORGE MEACHAM.\\nThe history of Cass County would be incomplete without a\\nsketch of the life of Hon. George Meacham, who has been inti-\\nmately identified with it ever since and even before it had its\\npresent political existence Simeon, father of George, was born\\nAugust 28, 177G, and died August 2\u00c2\u00ab, 1836.\\nGeorge Meacham was born in Paris, Oneida Co., N. Y., June\\n18, 1709, from which place he removed with his parents to Jeffer-\\nson County, of that State. At the age of nearly four years, he\\nmet with that irreparable loss, the death of his mother, by which\\nevent he was obliged to face the stern realities of life and to per-\\nform labor far in advance of his years. In his tenth year, he\\nwent to live with a man by the name of Merrill, with whom he\\nremained four years. His advantages for education were meager\\nindeed, and when seventeen, at which time his school days ended,\\nhe had received but twelve months schooling. But despite the\\nobstacles which beset his path, he has risen superior to adverse\\ncircumstances and has conquered success in every department of\\nlife. At the age of nineteen, his father gave him his time, and\\nhe commenced life for himself, working as a farm-hand and in\\nlumber camps. In 1826, he disposed of his property and started\\nfor .Michigan, arriving in Detroit on the 26th of September of\\nthat year; the winter was spent in Ann Arbor, where he found\\nemployment in a grist-mill. Early in the spring of 1827, in\\ncompany with his brother Sylvester, George Crawford and Ches-\\nter Sage, he started West with an outfit which consisted of three\\nyoke of cattle, attached to a heavy lumber-wagon, camp equipage,\\na stock of provisions and ammunition, and a plow. On the 11th\\nof April they reached Beardsley s Prairie, where they erected a\\nlog cabin, which soon became known as Bachelor s Hall, and\\nto which hunters, trappers, land-lookers, any one and every one,\\nwere always welcome. It was the original intention of the com-\\npany to select a location where they could raise grain sufficient\\nfor their own consumption and traffic with the Indians. As soon\\nas the location had been decided upon, George Crawford started\\nfor Ohio for goods, but learning that Bachelor s Hall had been\\nbroken up, returned without them, and, as there was every rea-\\nson to believe that the country would soon be occupied with\\nactual settlers, the original project was abandoned, and the\\nMeachams turned their attention to agricultural pursuits. George\\ncommencing on land now owned by George Howard, in Ontwa\\nTownship, which he purchased when offered for sale by the Gov-\\nernment. Mr. .Meacham remained here until 1836, when he\\nremoved to Porter, having purchased the John Baldwin farm,\\nand to which he has added from time to time until he now\\nwU-^\\nnr^\\npossesses 420 acres of fine fertile land, and has always been ac-\\ncounted among the foremost, most successful and progressive\\nfarmers in the township.\\nHe had constructed for his use the first threshing machine\\nused in this section of the country, which was known as an open\\ncylinder, it being destitue of a straw-carrier. He devoted much\\nattention to the propagation of superior stock, and the value of\\nhis example and influence in this direction, on the township, it\\nwould be dilBcult to estimate.\\nIn 1830, he was appointed the first Sheriff in the county, by\\nGov. Cass, which office he filled for six consecutive years. The\\njudicial circuit at this time embraced all the territory north and\\nwest of St. Joseph County, and in summoning a jury of twenty-\\nfour he took all but five of the legally qualified jurors in this\\nscope of territory, the payment of a tax of 50 cents being one\\nof the qualifications, which excluded a large number.\\nMr. Meacham, although not a politician, has always given\\nt. :inl although\\nproper consideration to matters of public\\nnot an aspirant for office has occupied tin- -i -inons in\\nthe gift of the citizens of the county. In I n i .k cted to\\nthe Representative branch of th I.b.jwI i d ml iu is.j j and\\n1860, occupied a seat in the Stni- f i lir .luties of both\\npositions were discharged with cir i r and to the satis-\\nfaction of his constituents, lu lu-iii 111 I |M I -iverance are per-\\nhaps the most prominent points iu .\\\\lr. MeiiDham s composition,\\nthe possession of which despite the unfavorable surroundings of his\\nformer days, have given him an enviable position among the lead-\\ning agriculturists of the county.\\nHe has not only been successful in the accummulation of a\\nvaluable property but in the building-up of an unspotted reputa-\\ntion. October 6, 1829, he was united iu marriage to .Mi.ss Cathe-\\nrine Rinehart, who has shared his joys and sorrows auJ the trials\\nand adversities of a long and eventful life. They have been\\nblessed with eight children Elizabeth E., wife of 3. Richardson,\\nof Porter; Cyrus Hiram, one of the proiiinent farmers of the\\ntownship, and for many years its representative on the Board of\\nSupervisors -Mary, now Mrs. T. A. Hitchcox Harriet E. and\\nJulia A., wives of T. T. Sheldon and 13. Rinehart, respectively;\\nMariUa A. and Oliver G.\\nMr. Meacham is in his eighty-third year, and for forty-seven\\nyears has been a resident of the county. And while the length-\\nened shadows proclaim an advancing old age, he lives in quiet\\nand serenity, surrounded by the comforts of life, the products of\\nhis untiring industry and enjoying the respect and esteem of the\\npeople with whom he has been associated for one-half a century.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0437.jp2"}, "438": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0438.jp2"}, "439": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nbefore he lost, by death, his wife, who was interred on\\nhis farm, and was the first white person who died in\\nthe township, it being in 1828. The following year,\\nhe had a very narrow escape from death, caused by\\nincurring the displeasure of the Indians, who were\\nquite numerous in this section at this time. It ap-\\npears that Mr. Baldwin had been trafficking with the\\nIndians, and, in payment, had given them a fjuantity\\nof fire-water, and they being unable to get drunk\\nenough on it to suit their savage nature, for it had\\nbeen treated to several water baths, or. as the Indians\\nexpressed it, it contained heap too much bish\\n(water). It was doubtless while under the exhilerat-\\ning influence of this same whisky that they one night\\nrepaired to his cabin, and, arming themselves with\\nshakes pulled from the door, forced an entrance, and,\\npulling him out of bed, proceeded to beat him about\\nthe head and shoulders in a most merciless manner,\\nfor they were bound to be revenged. Joel, son of\\nMr. Baldwin, then a young man, was powerless to re-\\nsist them, being unarmed, and jumping out of the\\nwindow, went to the wood-pile for the ax, but was un-\\nable to find it, for the Indians had evidently taken the\\nprecaution to hide it. Nothing daunted, however, he\\narmed himself with a billet of wood, and proceeded\\nto make an onslaught on the enemy, when they sud-\\ndenly left, and, doubtless, under the impression that\\nthe life of their victim was extinct, for he lay on the\\nfloor weltering in his blood in an insensible condition,\\nwith a portion of his scalp beaten loose and hanging\\nto his head, while the rude furniture and walls were\\nspattered with his blood, and presented a ghastly sight\\ntheir revenge was terrible.\\nJoel placed his father on the bed, and started for\\nWhite Pigeon, twelve miles distant, to procure Dr.\\nLoomis, the nearest physician, not knowing but what\\nthe Indians might return and complete their work of\\ndestruction by burning the cabin. It was a long time\\nbefore Mr. Baldwin was enabled to proceed with his\\nbusiness and this event was the subject of much\\ncomment among the settlers for many years. No ar-\\nrests were made, but the Pottowatomie tride paid\\ndearly for this assault, for Mr. Baldwin filed a bill\\nwith the Territorial government, claiming and receiv-\\ning over $1,000 damages, which was retained from\\ntheir annuities.\\nMr. Baldwin purchased and sold quite a number of\\nfarms, but finally disposed of his property, and removed\\nto Indiana about 1836 to 1838.\\nIn 1829, quite a number of settlers found their\\nway into this immediate neighborhood, including\\nWilliam Tibbetts, who settled in Section 8, also\\nDaniel Shellhammer.\\nIn 1828, Caleb Calkins came from Monroe County,\\nN. Y., on a prospecting tour, and, being pleased with\\nthe country, returned after his family, reaching Bald-\\nwin s Prairie with them in January, 1829. He pur-\\nj chased land now owned by Mr. J. Richardson, in\\nSection 5. Being a carpenter and joiner by trade,\\nhe went to Pigeon Prairie and built the first frame\\nhouse and barn in that section in order to fill his\\nI depleted exchecjuer. The family, in common with\\nothers, suffered much from sickness, and, in the spring\\nof 1829 buried a two-year old daughter named\\nFlorilla, and this was probably the second death in\\nj the township. Their daughter, Catharine, is now the\\nwife of 0. P. Bronson, who resides in Section 32.\\nMr. Bronson is a pioneer of St. Joseph County, com-\\ning in there with his parents in 1830, and has been\\na resident of this township since 1852, when he\\nreturned from a trip to California.\\nThe heaviest real estate owner in Porter is Samuel\\nKing, who, in the fall of 1829, when a boy fourteen\\nyears of age, accompanied his mother and step-father,\\nGeorge P. Schultz, from Crawford County, Ohio, to\\nthis then wild portion of Michigan. Mr. Schultz\\nhad been out the spring previous and put in some\\nspring crops above Mottville, in St. Joseph County,\\nbut in coming through sold out to Mr. Rickert and\\nselected land on heavily timbered land in this township,\\nwhich was then considered vastly superior in point of\\nfertility to openings or prairie. Thirty dollars per\\nannum appears like small compensation for one year s\\nlabor, but this was what Mr. King received: it however\\nformed the nucleus for his present large farm of 784\\nacres. His first wife, Sarah, having deceased, by\\nwhom he had two children, he married Barbara\\nHartman, and they have been blessed with eight chil-\\ndren.\\nNathan G. O Dell and his wife Sarah (Drake)\\ncame to Porter Township in 1829 and settled in Sec-\\ntion 1, Town 8, on the farni now owned by Mrs.\\nRickert. In common with other pioneers, they com-\\nmenced life in the typical log cabin, but death claim-\\ning Mrs. O Dell the family .soon scattered. Their\\nson, James S. O Dell, who was born January 10,\\n1830, was probably the first white child born in the\\ntownship. Thbmas, another son, now a prominent\\nfarmer in Town 7 (who married Lovina Traverse,\\ndaughter of the pioneers Robert and Lovica Traverse,\\nwho settled on the farm now owned by Mr. HoUoway,\\nin 1834 or 1835.) commenced on his farm when in a\\nstate of nature, and is therefore conversant with\\nalmost everything pertaining to pioneer life. Another\\nson, John, whose farm lies opposite his brother s, is also\\na prosperous farmer, and his wife, Jane, is daughter\\nof Philo Smith, who came in at an early day.\\nAnother son, David, is deceased, while their daughter,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0439.jp2"}, "440": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nMargaret, is the wife of H. J. Brown, also a resident\\nof Porter.\\nJacob Charles was one of the pioneers who came in\\nthe county in 1829 or 1830, and settled on land now\\nowned by Mrs. Fidelia Nutting. He deceased about\\n1835. and his son Rufu? conducted the farm until\\nabout fifteen years since, and then moved away.\\nThe products of the country at this time were not\\nsufficient to meet the demands of emigrants, and those\\nresiding at Constantine and other places asked and\\nreceived from \u00c2\u00a72 to S3 per bushel for oats and wheat,\\nthey making no distinction regarding the kind of\\ngrain. In 1832. just before emigrants began to pour\\nthrough the country in such immense numbers, the\\nsettlers reversed the order of things, and raised more\\ngrain than was consumed, and prices fell so low that\\nfarmers obtained almost nothing for their labor.\\nGeorge Meacham, as Sheriff of the county, called a\\nmeeting of the farmers at Cassopolis to take into con-\\nsideration the devising of some means for disposing of\\ntheir grain, either by building a warehouse at the mouth\\nof St. Joseph River, or otherwise. At a second meet-\\ning held. Abiel Silver addressed the farmers, and\\nstated that it was their province to raise grain, and\\nnot to act in the capacity of shippers, and, as he agreed\\nto purchase their surplus, the matter was dropped,\\nand soon emigrants came into the country in such\\nnumbers that remunerative prices were obtained.\\nIn the early settlement of this country, the Rine-\\nharts played quite an important part John Rinehart,\\nthe progenitor of the family, was born in the Shenan-\\n-loah Valley. Va., in 1779, and, in 1823. emigrated\\nto Ohio, when his wife. Christina (Hashbaurgher).\\ndeceased, and having married again February 8, 1829,\\nhe. with his worldly goods and wife and ten children\\nstowed away in two wagons, drawn by four yoke of\\noxen and two span of horses, started, in company with\\na Mr. Donalds and his family, for Cass County. They\\npassed but one house between Elkhart and Edwards\\nburg, there then being but two between these inter-\\nmediate points. They reached Young s Prairie, their\\ndestination, the 27th of this month, and purchased,\\nfor #25. the betterments of a Mr. Hinkley, the farm\\nnow owned by J. E. Bonine, and moved ihto a log-house\\nsixteen feet square, which boasted of a puncheon floor,\\nwhile the room was lighted by six diminutive panes of\\nglass. But eight families resided on the prairie at\\nthis time.\\nNot long after their arrival, a premium having been\\noffered for wolf pelts, they constructed a pen, and\\ncaptured une, which was bound, and then carried alive\\non horseback to their home by Samuel Rinehart. He\\nwas chained to a tree, and when attacked by two pow-\\nerful dogs belonging to Charles Jones, fouglit them so\\nvaliantly that they were completely routed, and only\\nwhen re-enforced bv two others did they vanquish this\\nanimal, which is usually considered cowardly and in-\\noffensive. After thia episode, Mr. Rinehart was\\ntaken very sick, and in compliance with the sage\\nprescription given by David Shaffer, who denominated\\nit wolf-sickness. took a copious dose of spider-\\nweb tea, which marvelously effected a cure. Mr.\\nSamuel Rinehart is the hero of another encounter.\\nAfter becoming a resident of Porter, he saw what at\\nfirst appeared like a dog, but closer inspection re-\\nvealed that it was an immense wild-cat, and, picking\\nup a hand-spike, he attacked and killed this most\\ntreacherous and active of wild animals, from which\\nmost men would flee with all possible celerity. In a\\nfew years, Mr. Rinehart disposed of his farm of five\\nlots, which he had entered June 27, 1829, and fol-\\nlowed his sons into Porter Township, where he re-\\nmained until his death, in 1856. His family consisted\\nof Jacob, who is a farmer in Porter Catharine, now\\nMrs. George Meacham Lewis, now deceased Samuel\\nJohn Christina, now Mrs. W. Stevens, in Mason\\nAbraham: Ann (Mrs. M. Hall, and afterward Mrs. D.\\nSullivan) Susan, deceased and Simon, a farmer in\\nthis township.\\nWhile residents of Penn, Jacob and Lewis be-\\ncame dissatisfied with the prospects in this new\\ncountry, and being mechanics, sought and obtained\\nwork in the construction of a steamboat in Cincinnati,\\nbut receiving information concerning the immense\\nemigration to this section, which, coupled with the\\nfact that their father had been offered S -2,000 for five\\nlots of land, they concluded to come back, and reached\\ntheir old place in Ohio in time to return with their\\nfather, and Samuel, who had returned after supplies\\nand to obtain an outfit for his daughter, just mar-\\nried to Geoige Meacham, which outfit would\\nhardly be accepted by the young people of to-day as\\nworthy any consideration. The roads at this time\\nwere in an execrable condition, and seven yoke of\\ncattle were found necessary to pull their load through\\nsome of the soft, yielding and almost liquid mud,\\nwhich was at times rendered doubly treacherous by\\nreason of a frozen surface.\\nIn 1831, Lewis, Samuel and Jacob Rinehart pur-\\nchased of Othni Beardsley the site and his interest\\nin a saw-mill he had commenced in Section 32, and\\ncompleted it the year following. This was the first\\nmill in Porter, and was an important factor in the set-\\ntlement of this portion of the township. Samuel has\\nbeen a resident of Porter since 1831, and during all\\nthis time has not missed a township election. He is\\none of the prosperous fartners, having resided on his\\npresent farm since 1847, and he and his wife Eliza-\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0440.jp2"}, "441": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n303\\nbeth (Hunt) are the parents of ten daughters, and all\\nbut one, who is too young, having taught school. Of\\nfour sons born to them, only one is living. Lewis\\nRinehart, when a resident of Penn, raised 100 acres\\nof wheat, and there being no machine extant in that\\nsection for thrashing wheat, horses and cattle were\\nused to tramp it out on an earthen floor, after the\\nmanner of the ancient Egyptians.\\nAbraham Rinehart has been a farmer in Section 17,\\nTown 8, since 1840. Mrs. Rinehart nee Ann E.\\nDenton, is the daughter of Cornelius W. Denton, who\\nemigrated to Ontwa from Chautauqua County, N. Y.,\\nand in 1856 to Porter, where he deceased in 1878. He\\nhad a local prominence as an anti-slavery man, and,\\nin the homely but appropriate aphorism, was honest\\nto a penny.\\nThe pluck and true heroism of many of the pioneer\\nwomen was worthy of admiration, and among this\\nnumber must be included Parthena (Lawson), wife of\\nJohn Rinehart, who, when but sixteen years of age,\\nsettled in the woods, in Section 19, with no neighbors\\nnearer than two miles. As her husband was head\\nsawyer in his brother s saw-mill, he was away from\\nearly morn until late at night, and the care of the farm\\nprincipally devolved on her, and as she, in common\\nwith others, manufactured cloth for ordinary use, her\\nlife was no idle, holiday affair. The cows were\\nbrought by her from the fenceless woods, when wolves\\nwere plenty, with an Indian pony. Mr. Rinehart\\nmanufactured considerable maple sugar near where\\nWilliamsville now stands, and. not returning home one\\nnight, Mrs. Rinehart became very much frightened\\nregarding his safety, as a lynx was heard crying\\nthrough the wood. His brother Abraham, and Joshua\\nKerk, who were present, would not consent to go in\\nsearch of him until she expressed her determination\\nof going if they did not. They found him busily\\nengaged in boiling down sap which had run profusely\\nduring the day. One of them climbed on the shanty\\nhe was in, and imitated the cry of the lynx so nearly\\nthat had it not have been for the word of warning\\nfrom the other, he would have been shot by Mr. Rine-\\nhart.\\nWhile returning home from religious services\\nin Newberg, Mr. and Mrs. Rinehart were followed for\\nseveral miles by a panther, who encircled them while\\nemitting hisblood-curdlingcries, which frightened their\\nhorse so that he was almost uncontrollable, and they\\nwere momentarily in fear of an attack, but he left them\\nwhen near Birch Lake. These episodes, although termi-\\nnating harmlessly, show, in a measure, the opposite side\\nof the pleasures of pioneering. Mr. Rinehart deceased\\nin 1881, and his widow still resides on the old farm.\\nThey were the parents of six children, of whom\\nWellington C, the eldest, is a blacksmith at Will-\\niamsville.\\nAmong the prominent settlers of South Porter was\\nJames Hitchcock, who, in 1830, came here, selected\\nand entered eighty acres of land, and moved in his\\nfamily the year following, arriving May 10, 1831, the\\njourney from their home in Erie County. N. being\\nby schooner to Detroit, and from there by team.\\nTheir family at this time consisted of Harriet, Eliza\\n(both now deceased); James H., who resides on the\\nold homestead Caroline, now Mrs. Charles, in Iowa\\nand Thomas A., a farmer in Porter. After their ar-\\nrival, five more children were born, as follows Ann\\nM. and Henry W., now deceased William, now a res-\\nident of Kansas and Loana, now Mrs. French, in\\nIllinois and Lucius Q., a farmer in Section 16, and\\nwho, during the late war, as will be seen by the mili-\\ntary record, served in the union army. Soon after\\nerecting his log cabin, being a stone and brick mason\\nby trade, he went to White Pigeon to obtain employ-\\nment, and subsequently built many of the brick\\nhouses in this vicinity, building the John Miller\\nhouse, the first brick one erected in Mason Township.\\nAt the time of their settlement, wolves were very nu-\\nmerous and destructive of sheep, and the settlers were\\nobliged to exercise great care in protecting their small\\nflocks to prevent their annihilation.\\nMr. Hitchcock, who deceased April 14, 1850, was\\nprominent in township affairs, and served as Justice of\\nthe Peace for many years. His wife, Loana (Blake-\\nley), deceased July 4, 1870. James H. Hitchcock,\\never since attaining his majority, has been the recipi-\\nent of various township offices, which attest his popu-\\nlarity where best known, and in addition, represented\\nhis district in the State Legislature in 1881, and is\\nalways ready to advocate and sustain measures promot-\\ning the interests of his people. His first wife, Louisa\\n(Baldwin), by whom he had one child, having deceased\\nin January, 1862, he united in marriage with Emorett\\n(Thompson).\\nPorter was principally settled by people from Ohio\\nand the Eastern States, yet among the pioneers can be\\nfound some who emigrated from the thickly-settled\\ncountries of Europe, plunged into the wilderness, and\\nadapted themselves to an entirely new order of exist-\\nence. Among this number was William Hebron, who\\nemigrated from Westerdale, Yorkshire Co., England,\\nand landed in Buffalo. In the spring of 1832, lie\\nemigrated to Porter, and successfully coped with his\\nneighbors in clearing the land and bringing it under a\\nstate of cultivation. He added at various times to\\nhis original purchase acre after acre, until he at one\\ntime possessed between seven and eight hundred acres\\nof land. He resided here until his death, October 27,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0441.jp2"}, "442": {"fulltext": "304\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nli^.57, in his sixty-ninth year. Mr. Hebron was mar-\\nried three times, and was the father of a large family,\\none of whom, Gideon, resides in Section 22, on land\\nformerly owned by his father, but on which he and his\\nwife Elizabeth (Trattles) moved when in a state of nat-\\nure, and where once stood the raonarchs of the forest\\ncan now be found fertile fields that respond nobly to\\nthe skilled husbandman. Mr. Hebron is present Mas-\\nter of the Grange of his township.\\nLike many other enterprising young men, William\\nNutting, who was a native of Vermont, started West,\\nand in 1834 reached this county and commenced\\nworking for Mr. Sage at Adamsville. After a time,\\nhe purchased the land in Section 17, on which he\\nmoved in 1852, and where his son, Moses J., now\\nresides.\\nIn 1834, John King located in the now defunct vil-\\nlage of Geneva, on the banks of Diamond Lake, and\\nthere plied the tailor s trade, while this busy little\\nmart was flourishing. Whitraanville was his next lo-\\ncation, and from there he went to Iowa, from which\\nState he returned about one year since, and now re-\\nsides in Section 15, near his brother Samuel.\\nIn 1836, George Meacham, who came to Ontwa in\\n1827, purchased the original John Baldwin farm.\\nAs Mr. Meacham s settlement extends over two\\ntownships a more extended sketch appears elsewhere.\\nAlthough coming to Cass County in 1837, Ga-\\nbriel Eby did not permanently locate on his present\\nfarm until 1848, and, simultaneous with the labor of\\nclearing and improving it, conducted a distillery which\\nhe ran for eighteen years. This was the only distil-\\nlery erected in the township. Mr. Eby now possesses\\na good farm which contrasts strongly with his finan-\\ncial condition when first coming in the township, he\\nth -n having but 50 cents. Peter Eby, brother of Ga-\\nbriel, purchased his present farm, in 1847, when but\\nfifteen acres were but partially improved, and since\\nthat time has applied himself strictly to farming, and\\nthe results of his industry are visible to all passers by.\\nFron) 1835 to 1845, this township was principally\\nsettled, there then being an immense emigration to\\nand through it. During this period, the Chicago road,\\nwhich was practically the only thoroughfare, was lined\\nwith white-covered wagons, so that,wereonestandingon\\nan elevated position, at no time during the day would\\nthere be less than from one to three in sight, while it\\nwas nothing uncommon to count from ten to twenty.\\nThese pioneers well knew what they had to encounter.\\nThey foresaw hard work and hard times, backache\\nand heart-ache, blue days and weary nights but\\nthey saw, too, in the dim future, the town, the vil-\\nlage, the county, the State an empire of itself; they\\nsaw thousands of happy homes and as many happy\\nowners they saw schools; churches, fertile fields, in-\\nstitutions of science and learning they saw capital\\nand labor, brain and body, mind and muscle, all\\nemployed in the advancement of civilization and\\nthe permanent improvement of mankind. They\\nrealized that what had been accomplished in the\\nEast could be reproduced in the West, and it is no\\nwonder that they were buoyed up to be brave, cheer-\\nful, faithful and industrious. Others never expected\\nto see these almost magical transformations in their\\nlifetime, but were seeking out new homes for their\\nfamilies to whom they were devotedly attached, and\\nwho are now deeply indebted to their fathers for what\\nthey enjoy. It is doubtful, however, if very many\\nexpected to witness such wonderful alterations in the\\nface of nature as have been accomplished in the last\\nfifty years just passed. It is true, they expected\\nhomes, and comfortable ones, but not the elegant resi-\\ndences that dot this township from one end to the\\nother, with all their appurtenances and appointments so\\nperfect. All of this is the handiwork of the pioneer,\\nthe ripened crop of the white-covered wagon, and no\\nmead of praise is too great for these people who have\\ncreated in this county alone a kingdom larger than\\nmany European potentates have spent millions of\\ntreasure and rivers of blood to conquer. This country\\ncould never have been settled so rapidly but for the\\nmarshes and numerous prairies, where sustenance could\\nbe procured for stock on the one, and both hay and\\ncereals raised on the other, with but little more incon-\\nvenience than is found in old settled countries.\\nWhen 0. N. Long came into Porter Township in\\n1835, and purchased land, on part of which he now\\nresides. It was emphatically a new country, for the tim-\\nbered land in the northern portion had been shunned\\nby emigrants as long as prairie and openings remained\\nunclaimed. Franklin County, Mass., was the place\\nof his nativity, and from which State he removed to\\nNew York State, when seventeen years of age, and\\nseven years later moved on the farm he had selected,\\narriving in June, 1837. He performed the journey\\nto Detroit by boat, and there met two of his brothers\\nBenjamin N. and F. A., who had driven through\\nCanada, and they made the balance of the journey to-\\ngether. The log house erected on arrival was used\\nfor thirty years, and then gave place to a modern farm-\\nhouse. In 1840, he built a frame barn, the first in\\nthis section, and it was constructed without the use of\\nmoney. His farm supplied the lumber, and the carpen-\\nter work was paid for by breaking up land, he doing\\nmuch of the work on the building. The nails used\\nwere to be paid for after harvest. Dicker and trade\\nand exchange of one product for another was in a\\ngreat measure the way business was then conducted.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0442.jp2"}, "443": {"fulltext": "-zv/is ri,nIeh/ ^i\\nSAMb EL I^I jEH\u00c2\u00abiffT.\\nf r\\nr\\nJ/\\\\COB F^ltvlEHAI^I\\n|5\u00c2\u00bb-^\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00bb^W\\n^^iiyi^^\\njohH pjKeh/rt.\\n/BI\\\\A)vl piNlEH/Vf^T.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0443.jp2"}, "444": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0444.jp2"}, "445": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThe ague at times prostrated whole families, and were\\nit not for the kindly assistance of neighbors their suf-\\nferings would have been intense.\\nMr. Long, not seeing Albert Kennicutt for several\\ndays, went to his house with true pioneer solicitude to\\nlearn of his welfare, and found the family all sick in\\nbed, the house destitute of provisions, and they with-\\nout money. Mr. Kennicutt started to hunt up his cow\\nwhile still ill, so as to have some milk for family use,\\nand was taken so much worse that he with difficulty\\nreached home. His immediate wants were provided\\nfor and a liberal supply of groceries furnished by Mr.\\nLong, who had no money himself but obtained credit for\\nthem, expecting that, should his neighbor recover, he\\nwould repay him, and this he did, for, being a cooper\\nby trade. Mr. Long helped him to get out staves, and\\nhe was thus enabled to manufacture barrels which com-\\nmanded a remunerative price. This is but one case\\nof hundreds that might be related of acts of kindness\\nsuch as are almost unknown now, and, in fact, in a\\nmeasure unnecessary, because of the better condition\\nof the people.\\nEducated in the grand old State of Massachusetts,\\nMr. Long imbibed a love for education which ripened\\nand bore fruit in his Western home, for he has been\\nfirst and foremost in establishing and promoting\\nschools. Mr. Long and his wife Phebe A. (Monroe)\\nare the parents of six children, of whom Henry D., the\\neldest, is a merchant in Jones, of Newberg Township.\\nMoses Robbins, who deceased January, 1849, came\\ninto the county when a young man and purchased\\nland, on a portion of which his son George W. now\\nresides. At the time of his death, his wife Elizabeth\\n(Davidson) was left with five children, the eldest being\\nfourteen years of age, but, being possessed of a true\\npioneer instinct, she kept the family all together\\nuntil they reached manhood s estate, and she now lives\\non a portion of the old farm.\\nJonas Hartman came from Union County, Penn.,\\nin 18-31, and located in St. Joseph County, near\\nMottville, and there ran a brewery very successfully\\nuntil 1838, when he came to Porter and purchased\\nthe farm now owned by his sons, Clerkner and\\nCharles, the former of whom is quite a horse\\nfancier and drover. He has always taken much\\ninterest in the introduction of improved stock in his\\nneighborhood. The elder Hartman, who deceased in\\n1845, purchased largely of real estate and owned\\n1.300 acres at one time. He kept tavern on the\\nChicago road on the farm now owned by Mr. Talbott,\\nfor many years, and in 1838 built a saw-mill on the\\nfarm now owned by his son, J. H. Hartman, who ran\\nit for many years, supplying mucJi lumber for arks\\nthat were used by farmers to convey their wheat down\\nI the St. Joseph River. Although but fifteen years of\\nage when coming to Michigan, J. H. was the hunter\\nof the family and supplied them liberally with game,\\nthen so abundant in the woods. He recalls the first\\nwinter they were in the country very vividly, for the\\nConstantine Mill, being frozen up, he and his father\\nwent to the Carpenter Mill, in Penn Township, and\\nexperienced considerable trouble in fording some of\\nthe streams. During their absence, the family sub-\\nsisted on pancakes made of flour sifted from bran.\\nE. C. Doane, who resides in Section 5, North\\nPorter, is son of the pioneer, William H., who settled\\nin Howard in 1836.\\nR. Beardsley came from New York State and\\nsettled in St. Joseph County in 1836. His son, H.\\ni Beardsley, who formerly carried on the harness busi-\\ni ness in Cassopolis, and his wife Ann (Beebe) now\\nreside on Section 26, and take an active interest in\\nthe Baptist Church of their neighborhood.\\nWhen Joseph Bowen reached Constantine from\\nNew York State in 1835, he had a family of three\\nchildren and an exhibit of his finances revealed the\\nfact that he had just for each child, and this sun\\\\\\nwas reduced to $1.50 when reaching Porter. He first\\nmade it his home with a man named Jones until pur-\\nchasing forty acres of Daniel Harvey, which was\\nduly cleared up. Having procured an ox team, th e\\nfirst in the neighborhood, one of them was accidentally\\nkilled by a falling tree, which loss was then felt very\\nsensibly by this pioneer family. Having succeeded\\nadmirably in securing a competency. Mr. Bowen\\nremoved to Bristol, Ind., where he now resides,\\nwhile J. Frank and Henry H., two of his sons, reside\\non their father s old farm in this township, and are\\nenterprising young farmers.\\nMilo Powell, now a resident of Constantine, was\\namong the most successful agriculturists of this town-\\nship, and was the first one to introduce superior breeds\\nof stock, including Merino sheep and Durham cattle,\\nand thus helped educate the farmers in what was for\\ntheir mutual interest.\\nHe was a native of Massachusetts, where he was\\nborn in 1808, and moved to New York State, with his\\nparents, and, in 1836, moved to the farm now occu-\\npied by his sons, Hiram and Curtis, which he had\\nselected and purchased the year previous. Being a\\nman of liberal education, he was accorded important\\npositions in township affairs, and filled the offices of\\nJustice of the Peace, School Inspector, etc., and in\\naddition represented his district in the Legislature.\\nMilo Powell, Jr., occupies one of his father s old\\nfarms in this township, while Gardner Powell, another\\nson, is a thriving, energetic and intelligent farmer in\\nSection 20, Town 7.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0445.jp2"}, "446": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nWilliam R. Merritt can be accounted among those\\nfarmers who have done much for this township. A\\nnative of New York, he removed to Toledo in 1828,\\nand engage* in keeping tavern until 1834, when the\\nmalaria drove him to Bertrand, where he engaged in\\nland speculation until the crash in this species of prop-\\nerty in 1837, when he removed to this township, on\\nthe farm now owned by Joshua Brown, and, in 1854,\\nto the farm now occupied by his son Samuel K.,\\nwhich at that time was thickly covered with timber,\\nand remained there until it was brought under a good\\nstate of cultivation, and crowned with fine buildings.\\nReady to lend his assistance to public enterprises, he\\ngave the Methodist denomination not only a site for\\ntheir church building, but, a very liberal donation of\\n$500, which was afterward largely increased. In\\n1869, he removed to Bristol, Ind., and is now actively\\nengaged in mercantile affairs. He and his wife, A. J.\\n(Keeler), who deceased June 10, 1881, are the parents\\nof one daughter, Charlotte A., who is deceased, and\\nnine boys, all living, as follows William R., Jr., a\\na merchant in Williamsville Samuel K., farmer, on\\nthe old homestead; Robert D., also a farmer; Charles\\nC, in Minneapolis; James S., in Kansas: J. Fred, a\\nmiller in Williamsville; Albert C, also a resident of\\nKansas Byron E., with his father in Bristol, while\\nthe youngest, George D., lives in Minneapolis.\\nAbel Beebe, when coming to this country from De-\\nKalb County, Ind., in 1840, in the month of Novem-\\nber, passed through the famous Black Swamp of Ohio,\\nand there being a frozen crust, their horses legs\\nbecame terribly lacerated, and, owing to a broken\\nwagon tongue, Mrs. Beebe walked eighteen miles of\\nthe way. This swamp, before it was causewayed, was\\nthe slough of despend in the way of the emigrant, for\\nit became cut up by the loaded trains passing over it\\ninto an immense quagmire of black muck of almost\\nlimitless depth. The progress was sometimes so slow\\nthat one camping-ground was used for three nights.\\nHorses would sometimes mire in it, and instances are\\nrelated where tliey were compelled to roll them over\\nand pry them out with long poles while this process\\nwith a load of goods was a daily, and, sometimes,\\nan hourly occurrence. Mr. Beebe, who died in May,\\n1881, settled on the farm where his widow, Mary, and\\nson, Lafayette, now live. After their removal, prod-\\nuce became very much depressed in price, and\\nMrs. Beebe remembers when they received 10 cents\\nper bushel for potatoes, 3 shillings for wheat, 5\\ncents per dozen for eggs, $1.50 per hundred for pork\\nand she, in order to help along in the household\\neconomy, would go to the whortleberry marsh, now the\\nproperty of Levi J. Reynolds, in Calvin, and pick one\\nbushel of berries, pack in a pillow case and carry to\\nConstantine, many miles distant, at times earning\\nmore money than her husband who was engaged in\\nharvesting. At this time, they were paying 15\\ncents per yard for factory and 25 cents per yard\\nfor calico. The first year of their residence in\\nOhio, she spun and wove seventy pounds of wool into\\ncloth, and it was customary for them to raise flax\\nwhich she wove into cloth. Surely the pioneer\\nmothers did their full share in the struggle for life.\\nRalph C. Morton was one of the early settlers in\\nthe northern portion of Porter. He came from Cat-\\ntaraugus County, N. Y., and stopped for six months\\non the farm now owned by Nathan Skinner, and then\\nmoved on to the one where his son, F. C. Morton, now\\nresides. They rolled up the logs for their house on\\nThursday, and moved in the following day, before it\\nwas chinked, and when the roof consisted of a\\nsingle course of boards, through which the snow could\\neasily penetrate. Although this was in November,\\nthe snow was eight inches, and as the chilling blasts\\nblew into their new home, their pioneer experiences\\nwere anything but pleasurabfe. For a time, they\\npounded corn on a stump for family use. Mr. Mor-\\nton deceased in September, 1866, and he and his wife,\\nJane (Ralston), were the parents of seven children, as\\nfollows Caroline, Samantha, Mary, Harriet, Charles,\\nJulia and Fernando C, who is one of the leading\\nagriculturists of this section, and who is united in\\nmarriage with Miss M. J. Easton, daughter of Will-\\niam J. Easton, one of the pioneers of Newberg.\\nIn 1830, James Motley emigrated from England,\\nand one year later settled in Rochester, N. Y., but\\nbecoming desirous of trying his fortunes in the still\\nfarther West, moved to Sylvan, Washtenaw Co., in\\n1836, and two years later engaged in his trade, shoe-\\nmaking, in Constantine, where he remained until\\nApril, 1840, when he moved on his present farm,\\nto which they cut their way through the heavy tim-\\nber, there being at this time no roads, and no clearing\\nfrom Milo Powell s to the Shavehead Schoolhouse. It\\nwas here Mrs. Bethseda (McNeil) Motley utilized a\\nlarge maple tree for a fire-place, which was nearly\\nconsumed while preparing the family meals, which\\nwere cooked in a bake-oven. They manufactured\\nlarge quantities of maple sugar, which helped along\\nin the household economy. Logging bees were com-\\nmon, and it was not an unfrequent occurrence for\\nthirty or forty men to assist at these gatherings, and,\\nin addition to hard work, they passed many jokes and\\nenjoyed themselves very much. Much valuable tim-\\nber, including walnut, was destroyed on these occa-\\nsions, which would now be more valuable than the-\\nland on which it sSood. They are the parents of\\neight children, six of whom survive, and one of whom,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0446.jp2"}, "447": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nEdward J., now a resident of Washington Territory,\\nhas held the oflBce of Township Supervisor and various\\nother elective offices.\\nWhen S. R. Rockwell came to Michigan from Ohio\\nin 1842, and settled on the farm on which his son,\\nJohn D., now resides, it was in a wild state and while\\nimproving it he worked at his trade carpenter and\\njoiner and made many of the arks, so called, that\\nconveyed wheat down the river. He held the office of\\nJustice of the Peace for sixteen years. Mrs. John D.\\nRockwell, formerly Adelaide Miller, and her husband\\nare the parents of two children.\\nAmong the women of the township who performed\\nmanual labor, Elizabeth, wife of Charles Carter,\\nprobably takes the lead. Being accustomed to out-\\ndoor work in England, her native country, she entered\\nupon the labors of pioneer life with a zest, and mauled\\nrails, dug grubs, etc., and boasts of having bound four\\nacres of rye in one day, a feat which few experts\\ncould possibly accomplish. They settled in 1848, and\\nwere successful farmers.\\nWhen Braddock Carter and his wife, Caroline\\n(Fuller), came to Cass County from Jefferson County,\\nN. they performed their journey over the then\\nunaccustomed route by water, round the lakes, the\\njourney occupying four weeks. They settled on land\\nhe had purchased in 18-36, and have never seen cause\\nto regret their change. Their son. Stiles, who is mar-\\nried, resides on the old farm.\\nD. Sullivan, before referred to, is a native of Ire-\\nland, although raised in the land of wooden nutmegs\\nby a man named Gregory with him he moved to Elk-\\nhart, Ind., and there lived until coming to this town-\\nship in 185.5, where he now successfully farms it on\\nSection 19, South Porter.\\nIn 1847, Nathan Skinner settled in North Porter,\\nand virtually in the woods, and drew fine whitewood\\nlumber to White Pigeon, and sold at $6 per thousand,\\nwith which to purchase household necessities. He\\ntook an active part in establishing a Methodist Church\\nin his neighborhood, but is now a resident of Jones.\\nGeo. K. Kirk, anativeof Northumberland Co., Penn.,\\nsettled in Porter Township in 1850, where he deceased\\nDec. 24, 1880, and where their son David S. now re-\\nsides. In Pennsylvania, he was a member of a rifle\\ncompany for seven years, and served as Captain in a\\nsimilar organization in New York State for seventeen\\nyears, and was never absent from duty. When George\\nB. and Harriet N. (Smith) Orr moved on their pres-\\nent farm, theirlittle log house, which contained neither\\ndoors, floor or windows, was located in the woods, the\\npresent roud not being laid out. But things since\\nthen have undergone a wounderful transformation, for\\nthe woods have disappeared under patient labor, and\\nit now appears like an old-settled country. They are\\nthe parents of eight sons, two of whom are deceased.\\nMoses Joy came from Chautauqua County, N. Y.,\\nin 1835, and purchased some land of John Baldwin,\\nand continued to make purchases until he at one time\\nowned 720 acres. He was a most thoroughgoing\\nfarmer, and was the first one to introduce and advo-\\ncate summer fallowing for wheat culture. He was\\nprominent in township affairs until his death in March,\\n1854.\\nAmong other farmers who came in about this period\\nand have not only witnessed but helped develop the\\ncounty, is Daniel Stannard, who came in with his\\nfather in 1845, and settled in Section 4 T. P. Ayers,\\nwho came in twenty-seven years ago from Cleveland,\\nOhio John Loupee, whose date of settlement was\\n1842 J. C. Bellows, who settled as late as 1865\\nHorace Thompson, in 1864 H. S. Riiie, in 1867\\nEgbert Wagner, in 1857 George Whited, in 1870\\nJacob P. Latshaw, some fifteen years since Amos\\nWayne, who came in as late as 1870, and found the\\nthe country in its present advanced condition and\\nSherwood Thomas, who came in at an earlier date, as\\nwill appear elsewhere.\\nLevi D. Stamp was born in Reading, N. Y., March\\n5, 1827. In 1851, he purchased eighty acres, Sec.\\n33, North Porter, and in the spring of 1856 moved\\nhis family on the farm on which he now resides, into\\nan old log house, which was prepared for their recep-\\ntion.\\nHe and his wife, Nancy M. (Damouth), are the\\nparents of five children, as follows: Alice L., Frances\\nM., Albert, Perry, Rosa A. Mr. Stamp has always\\nengaged in agriculture and has been enabled to erect\\nfine substantial looking buildings in lieu of those on\\nthe place when he moved on the farm. He is a man of\\nmagnificent physique and great personal strength, and\\nhas lifted 1650 pounds, a feat few could accomplish.\\nHorace Thompson, who was born in Uxbridge,\\nMass., May 18, 1809, came to Cass County in 1831,\\nand followed the carpenter s trade for a time. He\\nworked on the first flouring mill built at Adamsville,\\nalso the first one built in Brownsville. He built the\\nfirst threshing machine in the county for Hon. George\\nMeachaiu, who then resided on Beardsley s Prairie.\\nIn 1836, he married Eliza E., daughter of Jacob S.\\nReese, near Adamsville, and removeil to Elkhart\\nCounty, Ind., where he remained until 1850, when he\\nreturned to Ontwa Township, this county, and, in\\n1863, purchased the Coy farm on Baldwin s Prairie,\\nto which he removed his family the following spring,\\nand wiiere he still resides.\\nLucius Keeler came to (Jass County from Ohio\\nabout 1838, and for a time engaged in the fur trade,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0447.jp2"}, "448": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nbut eventually turned his attention to agricultural pur-\\nsuits, and is now a prominent farmer of this township.\\nHe has filled several township offices, including Jus-\\ntice of the Peace, and has also represented his district\\nin the State Legislature.\\nThomas J. Pratt, who died on his farm in this\\ntownship in 1847 or 1848, came from Erie County,\\nN. Y., in 1831, and settled on Section 7, but subse-\\nquently exchanged farms with Othni Beardsley.\\nArmstrong Davison located at an early date in the\\neastern portion of the township, where he died. He\\nreared a large family of children, and, of his daugh-\\nters, Mrs. Robbins and Mrs. John Hartman now re-\\nside in this township.\\nAnson Dibble, a brick-maker by occupation, who\\ndied here in 1835, held the office of Justice of the\\nPeace for several years.\\nAmong other early settlers was Seth Weed, John\\nA. Jones, Phoenix Driskell and Elihu Davis, who oc-\\ncupied positions more or less prominence.\\nThe following comprise the\\nORIGINAL LAND ENTRIES\\nof the township.\\nNORTH PORTER.\\nSection 1.\\nFelix Driskel. St. .Joseph County, Oct. 17, 183^ 129\\n.lohn Baum, Cass County, Mich., May 2, 18-33 160\\n.John Draper, Onondaga County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 171\\n.Stephen Dodson, St. .Joseph County, July 22, 1836 160\\nEdwin Ferris, Dec. IB, 1836 40\\nSectiun 2.\\nJohn Bair, St. Joseph County, Dec. 11, 1833 7 .t\\nFelix Driskel, St. Joseph County, Oct. 17, 1833 129\\nEnoch Baum, St. Joseph County, Jan. 27, 1834, and July 5.. 199\\nJohn Orr, Livingston County, N. Y., Sept. 16, 1835 80\\nWilliam Baum, Stark County, Ohio, Oct. 5, 1835 40\\n.John N. Jones, Loraine County, Ohio, July 21, 1836 120\\nSection 3.\\nJohn Bair, St. Joseph County, Feb. 21, 1833 80\\nEnoch Baum, St. Joseph County, July 4, 1834 80\\nJoseph Ramho, Beaver County. Penn., May 16, 1835 40\\nSilas Baum, St. Joseph County, Nov. 14, 1835 120\\nBenjamin Eager, Allegan County, Feb. 10, 1836 1\\nEnoch Baum, Cass County, Mich., March 2S, 1836 40\\nM irvin Hannahs, Oneida County, N. Y., July 25, 1836....:... 100\\nSection 4.\\nSilas Baum, St. Joseph County, Feb. 10, 1836 80\\nWarren Patchen, Steuben County, N. V., March 26, 1836 80\\nM. Hannahs, Oneida County, N. Y.. .July 25. 1836 250\\nWilliam Robinson, Otsego County, N. Y., July 25, 1836 93\\nWilliam Hannahs, Otsego County, N. Y., July 25, 1836 160\\nSection\\nIsaac W. VVillard, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Nov. 11, 1834 66\\nWarren Patchen, Steuben County, N. Y., iftarch 26, 1836 80\\nJohn Diigwell, Oneida County, July 26, 1836 80\\nWilliam Robinson, Olsego County, July 26, 1836 337\\nM. W. Hammonds. Oneida County, Dec. 16, 1836 6i;\\nSection 6.\\nJohn East Wayne County, Ind., April 18, 1833\\nJacob T. East, Cass County, Mich., April 18, 1833...\\nElijah White. St. Joseph County, Feb. 18, 1834\\nFelix (lerton, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 23, 1835\\nJohn Dagwell. Oneida County, N. Y., July 25, 1836.\\n79\\n92\\n229\\nSection 7.\\nJacob Rinehart, Lewis Rinehart, Samuel Rinehart, Cass\\nCounty, Mich., May 1, 1832 80\\nThomas Butta, Wayne County, Nov. 8, 1832 202\\nNathan Williams, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 7, 1833 09\\nGeorge Meacham, Cass County, Mich., April 21, 1836 80\\nGeorge Meacham, Cass County, Mich., May 0, 1836 78\\nHenry H. Fowler, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 22, 1833\\nWarren Patchen, Steuben County, N. Y., March 26, 1836\\nThomas E. Fletcher, Cass County, Mich Dec. 14, 1836\\nElias B. Sherman, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 10, 1837\\nSection 9.\\nWarren Patchen, Steuben County, N. Y., March 26, 1836 80\\nWilliam Jones, Ashtabula County, Ohio. July 21, 1836 194\\nAVilliam Hannahs, Otsego County, N. Y., July 25,. 1836 150\\nEphraim Pine, Wayne County, Jan. 9, 1837 92\\nSection 10.\\nEnoch Bauiu, St. Joseph County, Jan. 21, 1834\\nWilliam Eddy, St. Joseph County, Feb. 10, 1836\\nJasper Eddy, St. Joseph County, Feb. 10, 1836\\nClark Parker, Geauga County, Ohio, May 18, 1836.,\\nJames Bradford, Wayne County, Jan. U, 1837\\n40\\n40\\n80\\n201\\n237\\nSection 11.\\nJohn Baum, St. Joseph County, March 19, 18. 4 80\\nWilliam Baum, Stark County, Ohio, Oct. 5, 1836 120\\nWilliam Eddy, St. Joseph County, Feb. 10, 1836 40\\nBarnabas Eddy, Washtenaw County. Feb. 10, 1836 40\\nMarcus Shemill, Onondaga County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 160\\nEliakim Weller, Livingston County, N. Y., July 22, 1836 80\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 9, 1837 40\\nJohn S. Barry, St. Joseph County, April 22, 1836 80\\nSection 12.\\nWilliam B. Winchell, La Porte County, Ind., March 28, 1836. 80\\nJohn S. Barry, St. Joseph County. April 22, 1836 80\\nHenry Frederick, Crawford County, Ohio, July 21, 1836 120\\nJohn R. Everhart, Crawford Couuty, Ohio, July 21, 1836 120\\nMarcus Sherrill, Onondaga County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 80\\nBaley Bodwell, Cass County, Mich., July 22, 1836 80\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 9, 1837 80\\nSection 13.\\nJames Ray, St. Joseph County, Nov. 14 and Dec. 22, 1835... HO\\nA. P Murray. Cass County, Mich., March 28, 18.36 126\\n(Charles Blood, Washtenaw County. April 28, 1836 146\\nBaley Bodwell, Cass County, Mich., July 22. 18.36 160\\nHiram Holabird, St. Joseph County, May 5, 1837 80\\nSection 14.\\nJohns. Barry, St. Joseph County, April 22, 1836 160\\nEliakim Weller, Living.ston County, N. Y., July 22, 1836 80\\nM. William Hannahs, Oneida County, N. Y., Dec. 16, 1836 160\\nCharles T. Parker, Cass County, Mich., March 27, 1837 72\\nHiram Holabird, St. Joseph County. May 5, 1837 80", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0448.jp2"}, "449": {"fulltext": "OZI/,L STOF^EV.\\nJVII^S. OZI/.L stokeV.\\nOZIAL STOREY.\\nOzial Storey, one of the pioneers of Porter, was\\nborn in Onondaga County, N. Y., July 24, 1809.\\nFrom Onondaga he removed to Pennsylvania, and\\nfrom there to Oswego, N. Y., where he married Miss\\nSophia Boots. She was a native of Sussex, England,\\nand was born September 21, 1811. After their mar-\\nriage, they removed to Syracuse, N. Y., where he was\\nengaged on the Erie Canal and in the manufacture of\\nsalt. In October of 1836, he came to Cass County\\nwith his family, which consisted of his wife and three\\nchildren, and settled in North Porter, where he utilized\\na rude cabin that had been used as a sugar camp, as a\\nplace of abode for his fiimily. In this place they lived\\none year, undergoing many privations and hardships.\\nThey were obliged to carry drinking water nearly two\\nmiles. In 1837, he located forty acres of land in the\\nnorth part of the town, which became the nucleus of\\na competency, which was the result of the industry\\nand energy of himself and family which overcame all\\nobstacles, and he became one of the substantial and\\nprosperous farmers of the township, and at the time\\nof his death (July 27, 1876), he owned 280 acres of\\nland.\\nMr. Storey was an indefatigable worker, as was\\neach member of his family. His worthy wife (who\\nused to manufacture cloth for home use) and children\\neach performing their full share in out-door employ-\\nments, and assisted him in the manufacture of char-\\ncoal, of which he produced large quantities.\\nHe was at one time identified with the Baptist\\nChurch, from which he withdrew, as he became what\\nmight be termed liberal in his religious convictions.\\nIn his political convictions, he was originally a\\nWhig, but on the formation of the Republican party\\nhe joined its ranks. He held the office of Township\\nTreasurer, and was regarded by all as a worthy citi-\\nzen and a good neighbor. He reared a family of nine\\nchildren Sarah A., now Mrs. Levi Reynolds, of Cal-\\nvin Amanda (Mrs. William Robbins); William A.\\nand Milton, both of whom are prominent farmers in\\nPorter Ilulda 0. (deceased); Susan, now Mrs. Charles\\nH. Williams, of Iowa Julia M., wife of M. V. B.\\nWilliams Frank A. and Charles B., both deceased.\\nMrs. Storey, whose death occurred November 21,\\n1880, was a kind mother and a devoted wife, and an\\nexemplary Ciiristian lady. She was a member of tlie\\nBaptist Church for many years, in which faith she died.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0449.jp2"}, "450": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0450.jp2"}, "451": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSbction 15.\\nA0BZ8.\\nWilliam Hebron, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 18, 1835 80\\nNancy Temple, St. .Joseph County. Nov. 25, 1835 80\\nJohn S. Barry, St. Joseph County, Jan. 20 and April 22, 1836 297\\nM. W. Hannahs, Dec. 15, 183fi IGO\\nSection 1(5.\\nSchool Lands\\nSErnoN 17.\\nJohn White, Cass County, Mich,, Oct. 17, 1831 80\\nSarah .lones, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 14, 1832 80\\nHenry H. Fowler, Cass County, Mich., Aug.. 27, 1833 KiO\\nWarren Patchen, Steuben County, N. V., March 20, 183(i 160\\nOliver Edwards, New York City, Jan. 11, 1837 80\\nElias B. Sherman, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 11, 1837 80\\nSection 18.\\nS. J. L. Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., April 5, 1832 80\\nNathan Williams, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 7, 1833 71\\nJoel White, Ca.ss County, Mich., June 9, 1835 80\\nNathan Williams, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 29, 1836 40\\nMarcus Sherrill, Onondaga County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 80\\nThomas Costello, Onondaga County, N. Y., March 29, 1837... 73\\nWilliam Hebron, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 6, 1837 40\\nWilliam Uempsey, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 7, 1837 160\\nSection 19.\\nJosiah Osborn, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 20, 1837 36\\nL. S. Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1837 63\\nSection 20.\\nJesse Williams, Cass County, Mich., June 9, 1835 80\\nA. J. Wright, Cass County, Mich., .Tune 11, 1835 80\\nJames Horner. Albany County, N. Y., April 21, 1830 80\\nJohn Rinehart, Jr., Cass County, Mich., May 6, 1836 100\\nJames Horner, Albany County, N. Y., Jan. 9, 1837 80\\nJames Bradford, Wayne County, Jan. 11, 1837 80\\nOliver Edwards, New York City, .Jan. 11, 1837 80\\nSection 21.\\nNancy Temple, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 25, 1835 80\\nWarren Patchen, Steuhen County, N. Y., March 26, 1\u00c2\u00ab3 240\\nA. McHuron, Onondaga County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 160\\nJohn King, Cass County, .Mich., .)une2, 1835 40\\nGeorge .Shafter, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 26, 1837 80\\nWilliam Hebron, Cass County, Mich., March 14, 1837 40\\nSection 22.\\nValentine Shultz,St. Joseph County, June 14, 1831 80\\nGeorge .Shatter Cass County, Mich., Jan. 18, 1834 40\\nWilliam Hebron, (Jass ounty, Mich., July 4, and Nov. 18,\\n1836 100\\nStephen Gilbert, Onondaga County, N. Y., Dec. 23, 1835 120\\nJohn S. Barry, St. Joseph County, April 22, 1836 200\\nA. McHuron, Onondaga County, N. Y., July 21, 1830 40\\nSamuel Davidson, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 23 and March 6,\\n1833 120\\nMilo Powell, Livingston County, N. Y., May 21, 25, 1836 80\\nJoseph Travers, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 20, 1835 40\\nSamuel Davidson, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 4, 1836 40\\nJohn Miller, St, Joseph t!ounty, Jan. 21, 1830 160\\nJohn S. Barry, St. Joseph County, April 22, 1836 80\\nHenry E. Root, Medina County, Ohio, April 30, 1836 80\\nJeremiah H. Gardner, Genesee County, N. V., Jao. 10, 1887 40\\nMary Travers, Lorain County, Ohio, June 21, 1884 240\\nMilo Powell, Livingston County, N. Y., Sept. 22, 1835 400\\nScotion 25.\\nRobert Travers, Lorain County, Ohio, June 21, 1834 SO\\nThomas Greenaway, St. Joseph County, Dec. 16, 1834 40\\nWilliam Hebron, Cass County, July 16 and Nov. 18, 1835.... 120\\nMilo Powell, Sept. 22, 1836 40\\nLeander J. Loekwood, St. Joseph County, Dec. 16, 1835 40\\nCharles Smith. Huron Ounty, Ohio, April 22, 1836 160\\nClark Parker, Geauga (bounty, Ohio, May 9, 1836 80\\nAaron Brody, St Joseph County, Feb. 18, 1836 40\\nCharles T. Parker, St, Joseph County, May 11, 1830 40\\nSection 26.\\nWilliam Hebron, Cass County, Mich., May 21, 1832 100\\nWilliam Hebron. Cass County, Mich., July 24, 1833 40\\nWilliam Hebron, Jr., Cass County, Mich., April 2, 1833 80\\nGeorge Hebron, Cass County, Mich., June 8, 1835 40\\nMilo Powell, May 25, 1835 80\\nClark Parker, May 18. 1836 80\\nSamuel Buckman, Jackson County, May 24, 1830 80\\nEdmund Davis, Genesee County, June 6, 1830 40\\nEdmund Davis, Genesee County, July 6. 1830 40\\nSection 27.\\nBarnhard Smith, New Hampshire, June 14, 1831 100\\nJohn P. Finney, Allegheny County, Penn., May 10, 1832 100\\nPeter Cook, St. Joseph County, May 18, 1832 80\\nThomas Granaway, St. Joseph County, Dec. 20, 1834 40\\nEdmund Davis, Genesee County, N. Y., June ti and July 4,\\n1836 120\\nBenjamin Wright, Genesee County, N. Y., June 6, 1830. 80\\nSection 28.\\nPeter Cook, St. Joseph County, Aug. 0, 1832.,\\n40\\nJoseph Moore, St. Joseph County, Sept. 19, 1833 40\\nSolomon Elmore, Genesee County, N. Y., July U, 1836 80\\nA. McHuron, Onondaga County, N. Y,, July 21, 1836 71\\nJohn D, Goldsmith, St, Joseph County, July 22, 1830 100\\nMartin L, Daniels, St. Joseph County,June 20, 1837 40\\nWilliam Langdon, Jr., St. Joseph County, July 14, 1838 114\\nM. L. Daniels, St. Joseph County, Feb. 0, 1844 39\\nSection 29.\\nSeth Weed, Cass (bounty, Mich., .June 11, 1833 80\\nRansom Beardsley, Steuben County, N. Y., June 22, 1835 8(1\\nRansom I .eardsley, Cass County, Mich,, Feb. 5, 1836 40\\nRansom Beardsley, Cass County, Alich,, Feb. 27, 1837 40\\nOrrin Thompson, St. Joseph County, Jan. 9, 1837 40\\nJ. Rinehart, Jr., (ass County, Mich,, Jan. 10, 1837 40\\nJohn Hutson, Cass Clounty, Mich., Aug 2, 1838 100\\nSection 30.\\nL. S. Rinehart, Cslss County, Mich., Jan. 10, 1837 80\\nL. S. Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., March 28, 1\u00c2\u00ab48 73\\nJohn Rinehart, Cass County, .Mich., May 10, 1837 40\\nJeremiah H. Gardner, Genesee County, N. Y., Jan. 16, 1837.. 104\\nJohn Barnard. Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1837 40\\nJoseph M. Jenkins, St. Joseph County, May 12, 1837 40\\nThomas Costello, Cass (.bounty, Mich., Nov. 7, 1837 40\\nIsrael H. (Jastle, St. Joseph County, June 21, 1888 40\\nWilliam Allen, Cass County. Mich., Sept. 8, 1868 40", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0451.jp2"}, "452": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSection 31.\\nArRES.\\nJames Montgomery, Indiana County, Penn., Nov. 1, 1823 80\\nLewis Rinehart, Casa County, Mich.. April 21, 1836 80\\nLewis Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., May 6, 1836 80\\nLewis Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1837 80\\nSamuel Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., May 6, 1836 160\\nWilliam H. Imlay, Onondaga County, N. Y., May 17, 18.36... 86\\nGrove Lawrence, Onondaga County, N. Y.\\nGeorge Beach. Onondaga County, N. Y., May 17, 1836 87\\nSection 32.\\n.lacob Charles, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 17, 1831 80\\nJohn Wickersham, Henry County, Ind., Nov. 14, 1834 40\\nLewis Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 22, 1835 40\\nJacob Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., May 6, 1836 40\\nJohn Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., May 12, 1836 40\\nL. S. Rinehart, Cass County. Mich., Jan. 10, 1837 40\\nJames Horner, Albany County, N. Y., .Jan. 9, 1837 80\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 9, 1837 80\\nHiram Case, St. Joseph County, Feb. 1, 1837 80\\nAbijah Wright, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 12, 1847 40\\nLuciau Metcalf, Casa County, Mich., Feb. 14, 1837 80\\nSection 33.\\nMoses Robbing, St. Joseph County, March 22. 1833 4\\nJohn Wickersham, Henry County, Ind., Nov. 14, 1834 40\\nJames Horner, Albany County, N. Y., April 21, 1836 320\\nThompson Swan, St. Joseph County, Jan. 9, 1837 40\\nAlbert Kennicott, Cass County, Mich.. Jan. 22, 1837 7-5\\nJames Horner, Jan. 9, 1837 80\\nSection 34.\\nJacob Montgomery, Cass County, Mich., June 23, 1834 80\\nBenjamin Montgomery, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 13, iS S[)... 40\\nOscar N. Long, Livingston County, N. Y., July 9, 1835 80\\nEdmund Davis, Genesee County, N. Y., June 6, 1836 40\\nBenjamin Wright, Genesee County, N. Y., June 6, 1836 80\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 9, 1837 160\\nJonas Hartman, St. Joseph l. ounty, Jan. 26, 1837 76\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Feb. 1, 1837 80\\nSection 35.\\nOscar N. Long, Livingston County, July 9, 1835 40\\nOscar N. Long, Livingston County July 22, 1836 40\\nClark Parker, Geauga County, Ohio, May 18, 1836 40\\nSamuel Buckman, Jackson County, May 23, 1835 40\\nEdmund Davis, Genesee County, N. Y., June (i, 1836 280\\nDavid Stamp, St. Joseph County, Feb. 27, 1837 40\\nThomas Lobbins, St. Joaeph County, March 21, 1837 40\\nSamuel G. Parker, Cass Couuty, Mich., March 27, 1837 40\\nHorace A. Ferry, Cass bounty, Mich., May 27, 1837 40\\nHorace A. Ferry, Cass County, .Mich., May 30, 1837 40\\nSection 36.\\nAzariah Ferry, Cass County, Mich., July 2, 1830 80\\nValentine Shultz, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 2, 1833 40\\n40\\n40\\nSamuel Shivel, Richland County, Ohio, May 4, 1833\\nMilo Powell, Livingston County, N. Y., May 21, 1836\\nJohn Campbell, Livingston County, N. Y., May 21, 1835.,\\nLeonard Richerl, St. Joseph County, June, -i, 1835\\nCharles T. Parker, St. Joseph County, April 30, 1886\\nCharles T. Parker, May 9, 1836\\n(JharlesT. Parker, May 11, 1836\\nClaries T. Parker, May 18, 1836\\nEdmund Davis, June 6, 1836\\nSOUTH PORTER.\\nSection 1.\\nArmstrong Davidson, Wayne County, Ohio, June 16, 1829.... 240\\nArmstrong Davidson, Lenawee County, Nov. 16, 1829 80\\nAbram Richert, Wayne County, Ohio, June 16, 1829 76\\nNathan G. O Dell, Wayne County, Ohio, June 29, 1829 80\\nClark Stewarts, Michigan and Pennsylvania, July 2, 1829 16\\nGeorge P. Schultz, St. Joseph County, July 9, 1830 49\\nHenry Amidon, Casa County, Mich., March 14, 1837 80\\nSection 2.\\nJacob Montgomery, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 11, 1834 40\\nLewis Stevenson, St. Joseph (Jounty, June 10, 1835 40\\nChristopher V. Kellogg, St. Joseph County, June 18, 1835.... 40\\nLewis Stevenson, St. Joseph County, Sept. 18, 1835 80\\nLorenzo P. .Sanger. St. Joseph County, Dec. 2, 1835 120\\nWilliam A. Sanger, St. Joseph County, Jan. 6, 183li 40\\nWindsor Paine, St. Joseph County, Jan. 6, 18.36 40\\nChester Comings, Worcester (Jouniy, Mass., Feb. 14, 1837 80\\nArmstrong Davidson, Cass ounty, Mich., March 6, 1837 40\\nAzariah Ferry, Cass County, Mich., March 18, 1837 40\\nHenry Amidon, Cass County, Mich., March 18, 1837 40\\nAllen Johnson, Cass County, Mich., May 31, 1837 40\\nSection 3.\\nJohn Hartman and Benjamin Montgomery, Si. Joseph County,\\nMarch 20, 1832 80\\nThomas Burget, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 19, 1832 120\\nJacob Montgomery, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 11, 1834 40\\nHenry H. Marsh, Onondaga County, N. Y., Jaly 21. 1834 40\\nHenry Beyhl. Cass County, Mich., Jan. 26, 1837 40\\nJoseph Hartman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 26, 1837 40\\nDaniel Pease, St. Joseph County, Feb. 21, 1837 80\\nLevi S. Humphrey, Monroe County, Feb. 1, 1837 80\\nIsaiah Goodrich, Windham, Vt., .March 18, 1837 40\\nFrancis Nixon, St. Joseph County, .\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\\\\pril 19, 1837 80\\nSection 4.\\nLewis Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., May 12, 1836 80\\nHenry H. Marsh, Onondaga County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 SO\\nLewis Boyer, (^ass (bounty, Mich., Feb. 28, 1837 80\\nGeorge Meacham, Cass County, Mich., March 24, 1837 80\\n(Jeorge Meacham, Cass County, Mich., April 1. 1837 80\\nE. Potter, by Trustee, St. Joseph County, April 11, 1844 40\\nElisha Avery, St. Joseph County, April 11, 1844 40\\nCharles Weed, Cass County, Mich., May 15, 1848 40\\nOrson C. Virgil, Cass County, Mich.. Nov. 17, 1861 40\\nSection 5.\\nGeorge Jones, Cass County, .Vlich., Feb. 19, 1830 80\\nCaleb Calkins, Monroe County, N. V., March 1, 1830 80\\nJacob Charles, Preble (bounty, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1830 80\\nJohn Baldwin, Cass County, Mich., June 6, 1831 160\\nJohn Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., April 21, 1836 80\\nGeorge Meacham, ass County, Mich., .Ian. 11, 1837 40\\nRachel A. Taylor, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 17, 1851 40\\nSection 6.\\nJohn Baldwin, Cass ounty, Mich., June 6, 1831 80\\nElihu Davis, Henry County, Ind., Nov. 3, 1832 40\\nElihu Davis, Cass County, Mich., May 28, 1833 80\\nJehu Wickersham, Henry County, Ind., Nov. 14. 1834 80\\nSereign Cleveland, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 12, 1835 91\\nLuke Graham, Cass County, Mich.. Jan. 19, 1836 169\\nSamuel Rinehart, Class County, Mich., April 21, 1836 80\\nSamuel Rinehart, Cass County, Mich., May 6, 1836 40", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0452.jp2"}, "453": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MTCHTGAN.\\nSErTKix 7.\\nElam Beardsley, Lenawee County, June 18, 1829....\\nJames Hitclico.x, Erie County, N. Y., Sept. 10, 183(1\\nOthni Beardsley, Cass County, Mich.. June 6, 1831.\\nThomas J. Pratt. Cass County, Mich June ti, 1831.\\nJohn Lough, Preble County, Ohio, June 6, 1831\\nJohn Baldwin, Cass County, Mich., June i, 1831....\\nJohn Baldwin, Cass County. Mich.. June 10. 1831...\\nSection 8.\\nNathan C. Tibbits, Monroe County, N. Y., June 16, 1829.\\nChester Sage. Lenawee County, June 16, 1829\\nJohn Baldwin, Lenawee County, Sept. 18, 1829\\nJohn Baldwin, Lenawee County, June 6, 1831\\nJacob Charles, I reble County, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1830\\nWilliam Tibbits, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 17, 1830\\nWarren Patchen, Steuben County, N. Y., March 26, 1836\\nSection 9.\\nWarren Palchen, Steuben County, .March 26, 1836\\nAlbert Kennecott, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1837\\nSchool .\\\\ct, May 20, 1826\\nAnson -\\\\very. Cass County, Mich., April 2, 1852\\nSection 10.\\nWilliam King, Cass County, Mich., April 9, 1835\\nWilliam King. Cass County, Mich., Feb. 22, 1836\\nSamuel King, Cass County, Mich., May 26, 1837\\nNathan G. O Dell, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 12, 1837.\\nAnd. Gordinier, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 6, 1848\\n,lohn Langdon, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 4, 1848\\nRuth Strickland, Cass County, Mich., May 30, 1850...\\nOrrin Stevens, St. Joseph County, July 2, 1850\\n18,\\nAnd. Gordinier, SI. Joseph County, Ju\\nLeroy P. Sanger, Dec. 2, 1835\\nHart L. Stewart, Dec. 2, 1835\\nWilliam King, Cass County, Mich., April 22, 1836\\n.Sand Goodman, Wayne County, April 19, 1837\\nRobert Ray, Cass County, Mich., March 16, 1844\\nDaniel .Schellhammer, Cass County, Mich., May 21. 1852\\nSection 12.\\nGeorge P. Shultz, Crawford County, Ohio, Aug. 16, 1829\\nJohn Baum, St. Joseph County, Jan. 14, 1830\\nJacob Mclnterfer, St. Joseph County, July I, 1830\\nNathan G. O Dell, Jr., St. Joseph County, Aug. 12, 1829\\nFrederick Toby, Berkshire County, Mass., July 20, 1830\\nFrederick Toby, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 23, 1832\\nThomas Burnes, St. Joseph (lounty, March 21, 1833\\n.loseph M Jenkins, St. Joseph County, Nov. 6, 1833\\nHart L. Stewart, St. Joseph County, Dec. 2. 1835\\n.Alex. Buell, Kalamazoo County, island in the St. Joseph\\nRiver, Aug. 26, 1851\\nSection 13.\\nJ. O Dell and A. Brooks. Richland County, Ohio, June 29,\\n1829\\nJames 0 Dell, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 21, 1830\\nJames O Dell, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 22, 1830\\nBenjamin Carr, Richland County, Ohio, Nov. 22, 1830\\nTh.imas Burnes. St. Joseph County, July 20, 1831\\nJonas Hartman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 10, 1832\\nThomas Burnes, St. Joseph County, March 21, 1833\\nThomas Burnes, St. Joseph County, April 1, 1883\\nWilliam Barker, St. Joseph County, Dec. 25, 1833\\nSection 14.\\nO Dell Brooks, Aug 6, 1829\\nJames O Dell, St. Joseph County, Mich., March\\nJacob Virgil, Rush County, Ind., Aug. 6, 1830...\\nJonas Hartman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 24. 183\\nSection 14.\\nPeter Beisel, Feb. 24, 1833\\nWilliam King, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 4, 1834\\nAndrew Gordinier, St. Joseph County, June 18, 1835.\\nLydia Adam.s, June 7, 1836\\nSection 15.\\nEdward B. Low, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 22, 1836 40\\nSamuel King, Feb. 22, 1836 40\\nAaron Brooks, St. Joseph County, Mich., March 28, 1836 40\\nElcazer Abbott, Steuben County, N. Y., May 11, 1836 40\\nAustin Abbott, May 11, 1836 145\\nAmer Jeffers, May 11, 1836 gO\\nIsaiah Goodrich, Windham County, Vt., March 18, 1837 133\\nLucian T. Metcalf, Otsego County, N. Y., March 27, 1837 64\\nSection 16.\\nSchool Lands.\\nSection 17.\\nJacob Charles, I reble County, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1830....\\nJacob Charles, Preble County, Ohio, June 6, 1831\\nJohn Baldwin, Cass County, Mich., June 6, 1831\\nElihu Davis, Henry County, Ind., Nov. 3, 1832\\nTristram Davis, Kalamazoo County, May 28, 1833....\\nJohn M. Davis, Cass County, Mich., May 31, 1834....\\nBenjamin Harris, Jan. 26, 1836\\n80\\n80\\n160\\n40\\n40\\n40\\n40\\nGeorge Evans, Henry County, Ind., March 21, 1836 80\\nIsaac Root. Henry County, Ind., March 23, 1836 40\\nOmpbell t. aldwell, April 21, 1836 40\\nSection 18.\\nOthni Beardsley, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 3, 1832 SO\\nElihu Davis, Henry County, Ind., May 28, 1833 40\\nJohn M. Davis, Kalamazoo County, July 15, 1833 40\\nWilliam R. Merritt, Berrien County, Jan. 11, 1836 160\\nDavid Vanderhoof, Berrien County, Feb. 18, 1836 40\\nWilliam R. Merritt, Berrien County, March 30, 1836 171\\nThomas J. Pratt, Cass County, Mich., May 18, 1836 91\\nSection 19 (entire).\\nLawrence, Imlay Beach, Onondaga County, N. Y., May\\nSection 20.\\nLawrence, Imlay Beach, Onondaga County, N. Y May\\nHO I Jonathan Jessup, Cass County, Jan. 26,\\nSection 21.\\nJonathan Jessup, (Jass County, Mich., Jan. 26, 1836 41\\nLawrence, Imlay Beach, May 28, 1836 119\\nSection 22.\\nPeter Fees, Elkhart (^ounty. Ind., Oct. 22, 1835\\nDavid Fees, Elkhart County, Ind., March 21, 1837\\nDaniel Douglas, Elkhart County, Ind., March 26, 1837\\nLucien T. Douglas, Otsego County, N. Y., March 27, 1837..\\nSection 23.\\nO Dell Brooks, Richland County, Ohio, June 29, 1829\\nJacob Virgil, Rush County, Ind., Aug. 6, 1880", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0453.jp2"}, "454": {"fulltext": "312 HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nSection 24. i jg considerably diversified. In the southwestern por-\\nAaron Brooks, Not. 19, 188P 2 tion it is of the nature of a plain, which includes\\nAaron Brooks, Feb. 16 1831 66 3^1^^;^-^ p,^;,; g ^hich originally COn-\\nAaron Brooks, July 8, 1833 69 1 _ _ 01\\nJames 0 Dell, April 14, 1834 40 tamed about ninety acres, while Shavehead Prairie\\nAusten Abbott, Allegany County, N. Y., Nov. 13, 1835 40 and vicinity, in Central western portion, partakes of the\\nAusten Abbott, St. Joseph County, April 26, 1816 59 same nature. Along the streams the land becomes\\nquite rolling and precipitous, especially in some parts\\nREMINISCENCES. ^f Sections 28 and 29, but it is all susceptible of cul-\\nWhen the first settlers came into the county, grist- tivation. North of the tier of sections, including\\nmills were few and far between, and when one was Sections 19 and 24, North Porter, most of the land\\nbroken or frozen up, as was the Niles mill, they were was originally quite heavily timbered and required\\nput to great inconvenience, as, on this occasion, George much labor to bring it under a state of cultivation.\\nMeacham went to the house of a man named Heald, The soil, which is of the drift formation, ranges from\\nwho lived near Pigeon Prairie, who had a navy coffee a sandy loam to a clayey soil, the former predomi-\\nmill that held three pounds, in which he ground grain nating.\\nfor food. The land is well watered by streams and numerous\\nAmong the pioneers was one named Alexander lakes which dot the surface, eight of which are digai-\\nBolter, who was noted chiefly for his indolence, drol- fied with names, as follows Bair Lake, in the north\\nlery, and a love for something stimulating. He was tier of sections, named in honor of John Bair, an old\\na chronic borrower, and always had the most plausable settler Birch Lake, northeast of Williamsville\\nexcuse for repeating, time after time, his borrowing Spatter Dock Lake, principally in Sections 9, 10 and\\npilgrimages, and was uniformly successful in getting 14, and which derives its name from numerous spatter\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0what he wanted, although the lenders declared each docks which grow in it; Shavehead Lake, in Section\\ntime should be the last he always had prospects of 19 Wood Lake, in Sections 13 and 14 Robbing\\nbig crops and good times in the future, and none could Lake, in Sections 28 and 33, all in North Porter\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0withstand his logic and witticisms. Stopping over- Baldwin s and Long Lakes occupy a parallel position\\nnight at a tavern, he inquired the amount of his bill, 1 in Sections 9, 10, 15 and 16, while south of Bald-\\nand was told nothing. But you cannot live keep- win s Lake, in Section 21, lies a portion of Indiana\\ning tavern in this way, exclaims Bolter, and the less Lake. Some of these lakes are well supplied with\\nthey wanted pay the more persistent he became in his fish, natives of Michigan inland lakes. One of the\\ndesire to pay, and at last 75 cents was mentioned as principal streams originates in Birch Lake, flows into\\nthe amount of his indebtedness, when Bolter told Shavehead and from there in a southeasterly direction\\nthem, with as much sang-froid as if a millionaire, to into Long Lake the next largest forming in Bobbins\\ncharge it, and it is needless to say he never met Lake flows southward and also empties into Long\\nthis bill. He moved to Iowa, where he deceased. Lake. On these streams have been located the prin-\\ncipal mills of the township, the first one of which was\\nORGANIZATION. Commenced by Othni Beardsley and completed by\\nAs before noticed, this township possesses a larger Lewis, Samuel and Jacob Rinehart, who bought him\\narea than any in the county, of which it occupies the out in 1831. They ran the mill for fifteen years, but\\nsoutheastern portion. About two sections are cut off it is now abandoned. They sold lumber in Mishawaka\\nby the historic St. Joseph River, up which the cele- and South Bend, and quite a quantity was drawn to\\nbrated French explorer. La Salle, made his way so the St. Joseph River and rafted to its mouth, and\\nmany years ago, as will appear in the general history, they at first sold fine whitewood lumber at $7.75 per\\nThe township, as constituted at present, was formed thousand,\\nby an act of the Territorial Government, approved The next saw-mill was built by Jonas Hartman, in\\nMarch 29, 1833, the text of which reads as follows 1838, on the farm now owned by his son, J. H., who\\nAll that part of the township of Ontwa, in Cass ran it for many years. It was near this site in an\\nCounty, situated in Ranges 13 and 14, west of the early day that N. Montgomery built a grist-mill. He\\nprincipal meridian, comprise a township by the name constructed his dam so insecurely that the water broke\\nof Porter and the first township meeting shall be forth and undermined the mill, and this so discouraged\\nheld at the house of Othni Beardsley. him that he abandoned the enterprise, and removed\\nThe boundaries of the township were surveyed the machinery. A custom grist-mill is now run near\\nby William Brookfield. the old Brown saw-mill, with two run of stone and a\\nThe surface of this township, so large in extent, steam saw-mill, in Section 23, North Porter. The", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0454.jp2"}, "455": {"fulltext": "yvBEL beebe:.\\nABEL BEEBE.\\nWilliam Beebe emigrated from Long Island to De\\nRuyter, Madison County, N. Y., and engaged in\\nfarming, liavmg married Sarah Beebe. They had\\na family of two boys and two girls, one of whom,\\nAbel Beebe, was born June 17, 1809. When nine\\nyears of age. he removed into the wilderness in Knox\\nCounty, Ohio, and therefore practically commenced\\npioneering in his childhood. He had little oppor-\\ntunity for self-culture, school advantages being very\\nmeager at that time in that new country. Like all\\npioneer sons, his education to hard labor was a matter\\nof necessity, and he was thus fully prepared for his\\nfuture experiences in this western country.\\nHe was married to Mary Fletcher, daughter of\\nDaniel and Ann Fletcher, who was born in Bedford\\nCounty, Penn., November 25, 1813. She moved to\\nCrawford County, Ohio, and then to Knox County,\\nOhio, with her father.\\nIn 1838, Mr. and Mrs. Beebe removed to De Kalb\\nCounty, Ind., when they moved into a log house\\nbefore it had been chinked, and while still destitute of\\ndoors, windows and a floor, and this was in the cold\\nmonth of December. Quilts were hung up as a sub-\\nstitute for doors, and as the chimney was not con-\\nstructed until the following year, the house was\\nwarmed with a fire built of logs on the ground where\\nthe hole was cut through for the chimney. The logs\\nof the house being green, were thus prevented from\\nbeing consumed. They endured many hardships\\nwhile residents of this place, but, after a stay of eight-\\neen months, came to Cass County in 1840, passing\\nthrough the famous Black Swamp, of Ohio, while en\\nroute from Ohio to Indiana, and owing to an accident\\nMrs. Beebe was obliged to walk eighteen miles of\\nthis distance. He purchased 160 acres of land in\\nPorter Township, and commenced the laborious work\\nof clearing it up, in which he was most ably assisted\\nby his wife, who did not disdain to do outdoor\\n|Vlf^S.y\\\\BEL BEEBE.\\nwork. In order to assist in the household economy,\\nMrs. Beebe used to pick cranberries and whortle-\\nberries and carry them home, sometimes in a pillow-\\ncase, many miles distant. She used to manufacture\\nlinen cloth, and one year manufactured seventy\\npounds of wool into cloth.\\nIn 1850, Mr. Beebe went to California, and until\\nhis return, in 1852, she conducted the fiirm so suc-\\ncessfully as to liquidate their indebtedness. Kind\\nand sympathetic in nature, she ever stood ready to\\nassist those who were ill, and to many a one she has\\nbeen as a ministering angel. She now resides on the\\nold homestead with her son, Lafayette. She is a con-\\nsistent member of the Methodist Church, having been\\nconverted when fourteen years of age. Her hus-\\nband, who died May 6, 1881, was a very estimable\\nman, much respected by those with whom he asso-\\nciated. His life was quiet and uneventful. Originally\\na Whig, he subsequently affiliated with the Democratic\\nparty.\\nThey became the parents of four children, viz.\\nSarah, now Mrs. H. Beardsley, in Porter Lafayette,\\nat home James, deceased, and Hameline, also at\\nhome.\\nLafayette Beebe, above mentioned, was born in\\nKnox County, Ohio, April 13, 1837, and when a\\nchild of about two years climbed upon a large chest,\\nas is supposed, and jumped off in imitation of older\\nchildren, thereby injuring his spine, so that he has\\nsince been unable to walk. Notwithstanding his con-\\ndition, his mind is active, and for the past twenty\\nyears has managed the business of the farm, and has\\nthus been of valuable assistance to his father. In\\ntoken of liis valuable services and business tact, his\\nfather presented him with a farm. He has been\\na worthy member of the Birch Lake Methodist\\nEpiscopal Church since 1875, and has held church\\noffices of greater or less importance ever since.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0455.jp2"}, "456": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0456.jp2"}, "457": {"fulltext": ";i r\\nM^\\n%?\u00c2\u00bbN\\nTfi-rtl\\n-^n^\\nI u\\n^t\\nc^", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0457.jp2"}, "458": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0458.jp2"}, "459": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nlumber from the first saw-mills was not only used for\\nbuilding purposes, quite a large quantity being con-\\nsumed in making arks, as they were facetiously\\ncalled, they being a kind of flat-boat, by means of\\nwhich wheat was conveyed to the mouth of the St.\\nJoseph River, and the arks then disposed of for\\nwhat they would bring. They were a great improve-\\nment over the pirogues first used, as their capacity\\nwas so much greater.\\nEARLY TAVERNS.\\nThere was a time during the great westward emi-\\ngration over the Chicago road when every resident on\\nthe road was, per force, a tavern-keeper, and even\\nthen it was diflicult to accommodate the immense\\nnumber of emigrants. John Baldwin kept the first of\\nthese primitive hostelries, and the horses of travelers\\nwere fed grain from holes cut into an old log that lay\\nconveniently near.\\nThe first establishment that could be dignified with\\nthe name of tavern was kept by Othni Beardsley on\\n.he farm now owned by D. Kelb, in a log house. In\\n1833, he built a tavern near where is now the resi-\\ndence of F. Jones, in Union, and it was one of the\\nregular stations for the stage line. In 1836, when\\nowned by Cyrene Cleveland, it was consumed by fire,\\nand, as Mr. Cleveland then went to farming, the pro\\nprietors of the stage line induced Jarius Hitchcox to\\nformally open up a tavern in his house for their\\naccommodation. Their house was frequently so\\ncrowded with guests that chairs and tables were set out\\ndoors to make room for beds on the floor. The tavern\\nproject was not abandoned until 1852, when, owing to\\nthe advent of railroads, the emigration on the road\\npractically ceased.\\nDuring this period, George Meacham also kept tav-\\nern, and has had seventy-five guests in his house over-\\nnight, from which one can form some conception of\\nthe immense number of emigrants passing daily.\\nCOAL OIL SPECULATION.\\nPorter Township has passed through several specu-\\nlative manias, but never was one gotten up so suddenly,\\ninflated so highly, and collapsed with such unexampled\\nrapidity as the coal oil speculation of March, 1865,\\nwhich did not have anything to sustain it but fraud\\nand misrepresentation.\\nPeople look with awe and veneration upon the\\nGoulds and Vanderbilts, who make and unmake cor-\\nporations at will, and water stocks to suit their pleas-\\nure, but these moneyed potentates have never yet placed\\non the market such highly watered stocks that water\\nformed not only the basis but the component parts, as\\ndid the coal oil scheme which was set afloat by judicious\\nsalting, and which, for boldness of planning and skill\\nin manipulating, rivals the celebrated salted gold\\nclaims of California, for gold was known to exist in\\nthose localities. It appears that William Brown pos-\\nsessed a small saw-mill in Section 83, which was run\\nby water-power, the water coming principally from\\nsprings near the mill, which had their origin in a rather\\nabrupt hilly place for this section of the country. One\\nday two men were observed carefully walking up and\\ndown the small stream examining the spring, evident-\\nly deeply interested in the place, as they were making\\ncareful observations. Presently they came to the mill,\\nand were observed to be Coleman Keeler, a former\\nresident of the county, and Mr. Bartlett. a Toledo coal\\noil refiner. They inquired the price of the property,\\nclaiming they desired to purchase it and establish a\\nvineyard, for which the place was peculiarly adapted.\\nA bargain was finally consummated, the price being\\n$1,400, and $1 paid down, with the understanding that\\nthe balance was to be paid in a week. No sooner had\\nthey gone than Abbott Hawks, a sawyer in the mill,\\nwho had been in the Canadian oil country, suspected\\nthey had discovered oil, and going to the spring saw\\noil on the water, and they at once became inflated.\\nThe fact could not be disputed, there, in the very\\nstream they had viewed a thousand times, could be\\nseen, floating on the surface for the first time, an oily\\nsubstance the color and odor of which showed it un-\\nmistakably to be coal oil. All became bereft of their\\ngood judgment, they were so exalted over the mine of\\nprospective wealth the bonanza with millions in it.\\nNot being legally bound, Mr. Brown refused to com-\\nplete the bargain when the parties came again. The\\ngreat oil discovery became noised abroad, and thou-\\nsands visited the place, including oil men from New\\nYork, Pennsylvania and Canada, and excitement was\\nup to a fever heat, with several parties bidding for the\\nproperty.\\nFinally, Benjamin Davenport, Daniel Heaton\\nand Mr. Mather, all of Elkhart, Ind., purchased\\nthe property for $10,000, paying $8,000 down, and\\ngiving three notes (equal amounts) for the balance.\\nHardly had the sale been completed before the fact\\nthat the springs had been skillfully salted by saturat-\\ning pellets or balls of clay with crude oil and pushing\\nthem down into the soft yielding mud, and when one\\npunched around them, according to instructions re-\\nceived, they emitted globules of oil which spread on\\nthe surface of the water in a most deceptive manner.\\nPayment of the notes was refused, but they were held\\nvalid by the court and judgment entered accordingly.\\nA settlement was eff ected four years from the time the\\nsale was made. Brown taking back the mill property\\nat $1,700, and paying expenses of suit.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0459.jp2"}, "460": {"fulltext": "314\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAiX.\\nBAPTIST CHURCH.\\nBaldwin s Prairie Baptist Church was organized\\nFebruary 14, 1857, by Rev. Jacob Price, in a private\\nhouse, with a membership of six. Agreeably to a call\\nfor a council of recognition, an ecclesiastical council\\nconvened May 27, 1857, in the schoolhouse, and find-\\ning an organization of twenty-two members, who com-\\nplied with the required obligations, the council recog-\\nnized them as a Regular Baptist Church. During the\\npast twenty-four years, this church has had three\\npastors, thus dividing its history into three periods.\\nThe pastorate of Rev. Price extended from the organ-\\nization of the church until his death in 1871, during\\nwhich time the records show an accession to the mem-\\nbership of fifty-eight persons.\\nThe labors of the second pastor, Rev. J. Kerby,\\nextended from 1871 to 1876, during which period\\ntwenty-two persons united with the church, and a\\nsubstantial house of worship, costing $5,500, was built\\nand dedicated to the worship of God. The third per-\\niod comes under the pastorate of Rev. D. C. Herrell,\\nwho took charge in May, 1876, and is the first resi-\\ndent pastor, the other two living on farms not far dis-\\ntant while preaching for the church. Up to 1881,\\nthere had been forty-one accessions to membership of\\nthe church. About four years since, an auxiliary to\\nthe American Baptist Missionary Union was or-\\nganized and now has a membership of twenty. A\\nYoung Girls Mission Band was organized in 1878.\\nBoth of these societies have contributed freely toward\\nthe objects for which they were organized. Also,\\nduring this period, the church has built a parsonage\\nat a cost of about |600. The present church ofiicers\\nare A. Shellhammerand D. Sullivan, Deacons, while\\nJ. Richardson, Horace Thompson and D. Sullivan are\\nTrustees.\\nFREE-WILL BAPTLST CHURCH.\\nThe Free-Will Baptist Church of Union was or-\\nganized by Elders Rolf and Ketchuin in the summer\\nof 1866, with sixteen members, and they now have a\\nmembership of thirty. John Shellhammer was the\\nfirst Deacon, and John Kidder the Clerk. They wor-\\nship in the Methodist or Union Church, at Union.\\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nIn 1858, Rev. A. W. Torry held a series of revival\\nmeetings, and made large accessions to the Methodist\\nclass then organized, and they, with outside assistance,\\nbuilt a church costing $1,000, which, although dedi-\\ncated as a Methodist Church, can be used by other\\ndenominations, a clause in the deed reading that,\\nwhen not used by the Methodists, it shall be free to\\nother Christian denominations. In 1877, it was re-\\nbuilt at an expense of $1,300, and is now principally\\nused by the Free-Will Baptists, the Methodists hav-\\ning no active organization.\\nNORTH PORTER METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nThe North Porter Methodist Episcopal Church was\\norganized in 1846, with fourteen members, and serv-\\nices held in schoolhouses until 1858, when they\\nerected, in Section 12, a church building at a cost of\\n$800. Hugh Ferguson, G. W. Black and Nathan\\nSkinner were the first Trustees. Present membership,\\nfrom fifteen to twenty.\\nFIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.\\nThe first Baptist Church of North Porter was organ-\\nized at Mottville, August 27, 1837, with the following\\nmembers: Alanson McHuron and wife, Henry Marsh\\nand wife, Mila Sherrill, Almira Gilbert, Catharine\\nHebron, James Hadow and wife, Rebecca Davison,\\nOrson Virgil, Ozial Storey, Mr. Godfrey and Mr.\\nHubbard. The first election of officers was held at\\nthe house of Stephen Gilbert, on the farm now owned\\nby H. Beardsley, who is the present Church Clerk,\\nand Philo Smith and Orson Virgil chosen Deacons.\\nElder J. Haddon officiated as first pastor, and has been\\nsucceeded by others, as follows James Price, George\\nMiner, J. Kerby, William Pack, D. Herall. In 1857,\\nthey erected a brick house of worship, costing $1,335.-\\n46, and chose William Hebron, Sr., 0. N. Long,\\nGeorge W. Miner, James Motley, Aaron Shellhammer\\nas Trustees. The church is in a most flourishing con-\\ndition, having eighty-three members.\\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nAs the result of a series of revival meetings, held\\nby Rev. William Ball, in 1870, a project for building\\na church was started and placed on a sound financial\\nbasis, by William R. Merritt, who gave the land and\\ndonated $500. The building was commenced in this\\nyear and completed and dedicated in December, 1873,\\nat which time $2,400 was provided for, which freed\\nthe church from debt. The church is 34x60 feet, and\\ncost $5,000. The first Trustees were L. L. Austin,\\nAlbert C. Merritt, Albert Smith, Daniel Stannard\\nand Abel Beebe.\\nThe principal township officers up to 1881 are as\\nfollows\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1833, Othni Beardsley 1834-35, Caleb Calkins\\n1836, George Meacham 1837, Caleb Calkins 1838,\\nGeorge Meacham; 1839, Oscar N. Long; 1840,\\nGeorge Meacham 1841, Jonas Hartman 1842, Milo\\nPowell 1843, William R. Merritt 1844-45, Oscar\\nN. Long; 1846-47, Rufus K. Charles; 1848, John\\nN.Jones; 1849, Jarius Hitchcox; 1850-51, O.N.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0460.jp2"}, "461": {"fulltext": "r,esideHce: of SCO. b. orr,, porter, )V1ICH\\nRESIDENCE OF SHEF^WOOD TH0/v1/ S, POf\\\\T ER. f/1 ICH-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0461.jp2"}, "462": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0462.jp2"}, "463": {"fulltext": "History of cass couxXty, Michigan.\\nLong 1852-56, Rufus K; Charles 1856, Milo Pow-\\nell 1857-59, A. H. Long 1860-63, Lucius Keel-\\ner; 1864, J. H. Hitchcox 1865-66, Thomas\\nO Dell; 1867, Lucius Keeler 1868-69, Thomas\\nO Dell; 1870-74, Hiram Meacham 1875, Nathan\\nSkinner; 1876-78, Nathan Skinner; 1879-81, Ed-\\nward T. Motley, succeeded by Thomas O Dell, vice\\nE. T. Motley, resigned.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1883, E. Beardsley 1834, A. B. Davis 1835,\\nJoel Baldwin; 1836, E. Davis; 1837, L. Keeler;\\n1838, R. K. Charles 1839, 0. Story 1840, Moses\\nJoy; 1841, R. K. Charles; 1842,0. Story; 1843,\\nLewis Rinehart 1844, J. Hartman 1845, L. Rine-\\nhart 1846-47, J. Hartman 1848, George Hebron\\n1849-50, J. Hartman 1851-52, A. H. Long 1853-\\n54, J. H. Hartman 1855-56, J. Motley 1857, H.\\nJ. Dauchy 1858, J. Hartman 1859, G. W. Miner\\n1860, J. Hartman 1861, A. H. Long 1862-64,\\n0. Briggs 1865, William Rinehart 1866, J. Mot-\\nley 1867-68, M. McHuron; 1869, H. Meacham;\\n1870, H. Beardsley 1871-72, H. D. Long; 1873,\\nM. Nutting; 1874-75, II. Beardsley; 187o, William\\nRinehart; 1877-78, George Motley 1879-80, Hen-\\nry H. Bowen; 1881, H. Beardsley.\\n1833, C. Calkins; 1834-35, A. B. Davis; 1836-\\n87, A. Dibble; 1838-89, Seth Weed; 1840, 0. M.\\nLong; 1841, A. Dibble; 1842, Seth Weed; 1843,\\nH. Shelden 1844-45, A. Kennicott; 1846, S. Tay-\\nlor 1847, A. Kennicott 1848. J. H. Hartman 1849-\\n50, S. Taylor; 1851-52, Milo Powell; 1853-54, A. H.\\nLong; 1855-56, F. Teesdale 1857, G. Hebron;\\n1858, W. S. Stearns; 1859-60, L. Beebe 1861-\\n64, W. S. Stearns 1865, G. Hebron 1866, C. C.\\nParker; 1867-68, H. H. Bowen; 1869, A. R.\\nThompson 1870-71, H. H. Bowen 1872-73, E. T.\\nMotley; 1174-76, M. McHuron; 1877-78, H. H.\\nBowen; 1879-80, J. Frank Bowen; 1881, George S.\\nSymons.\\nUNION.\\nIn 1831, a post office was established, with Jacob\\nCharles as Postmaster, and he kept the office in his\\nhouse. After a few changes, it was removed to the\\npresent site of Union, where, in 1853, William B.\\nDibble opened up a small grocery store, and, later,\\nDaniel Williams brought in a general stock of goods.\\nIt is now a thriving little mart of 100 inhabitants,\\nand contains two general stores, one blacksmith and\\nwagon shop, a shoe shop, two carpenter shops and\\ntwo churches.\\nWILLIAMSVILLE.\\nWilliamsville was laid out by Josiah Williams in\\n1848, who was also interested in the first store. It\\nnow contains two stores two blacksmith shops, one\\nrun by W. C. Rinehart a grist-mill, with two run\\nof stones, now run by J. Fred Merritt a saw-mill\\none physician, Dr. Otis Moore and has a population\\nof eighty-eight.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThe first school was taught, in 1832, by Jemima\\nWood, in a log schoolhouse covered with shakes. The\\ncapacious chimney extended across one end, with the\\nexception of a place for a doorway. The chimney\\nwas destitute of jambs and was supported by brackets,\\nwhile the back wall was built of stone by Jarius\\nHitchcox. Into holes in the logs, wooden pins were\\ninserted, on which slabs were placed, which consti-\\ntuted the desks, while wooden legs inserted into slabs\\nconstituted the backless seats. In 1840, this house\\nwas supplanted by a more modern frame structure.\\nMr. Way, Mr. Parent, Sarah Mead and Philetus P.\\nPerry were among the early teachers.\\nIn 1838 or 1839, a school was organized in the\\nHartman neighborhood, and taught by Squire Weed\\nin a cooper shop on his farm.\\nIn 1837, a frame schoolhouse was erected in the\\nBowen neighborhood, which was the first one built\\nthere.\\nIn 1850, the first schoolhouse in the David Stan-\\nnard district was built of logs and taught by Caroline\\nDonnell. And thus school after school was organized,\\nand old log buildings gave place to frame ones, until\\nnow there are thirteen districts in the township, and\\nall are supplied with frame schoolhouses except Dis-\\ntrict No. 2, which has a brick. The total value of\\nthe school property is $7,525 seating capacity of\\nschools, 599 total number of school children be-\\ntween the ages of five and twenty years, 554. The\\nwages paid male teachers for the fiscal year ending\\nOctober 1, 1881, was |1,421.75; female teachers,\\n$1,076.50.\\nThe log houses of Porter, have, with few excep-\\ntions, given way to fine and substantial farm building,\\nand the woods to finely cultivated fields, for of the\\n29,434 acres in farms, 19,891 are improved, the total\\nnumber of farms being 248. In 1879, from 5,858\\nacres sown to wheat, 115,610 bushels were threshed,\\nbeing an average of 19.74 bushels per acre from 3,-\\n225 acres planted to corn, 126,474 bushels were\\nhusked, while 971 acres sown to oats, produced 33,-\\n595 bushels. There were also raised 645 bushels of\\nclover seed, 11,956 bushels of potatoes, and 3,418\\ntons of hay. There are also possessed in the to\\\\Vnship\\nS67 head of horses, l,47!t head of cattle, and 2,212", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0463.jp2"}, "464": {"fulltext": "316\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nsheep. There were also 6,Jr80 bushels of apples sold,\\nwhile grapes and other small fruits are raised in\\nabundance. Surely the pioneer fathers have created\\na township of which they may justly feel proud.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nOZIAL STOREY.\\nOzial Storey, one of the pioneers of Porter, was\\nborn in Onondaga County, N. Y., July 24, 1809.\\nFrom Onondaga he removed to Pennsylvania, and\\nfrom thence to Oswego, N. Y., where he married Miss\\nSophia Boots. She was a native of Sussex, England)\\nand was born September 21, 1811. After their mar-\\nriage, they removed to Syracuse, N. Y., where he was\\nengaged on the Erie Canal and in the manufacture of\\nsalt. In October of 1836, he came to Cass County\\nwith his family, which consisted of his wife and three\\nchildren, and settled in North Porter, where he utilized\\na rude cabin, that had been used as a suga^- camp, as a\\nplace of abode for his family. In this place they lived\\none year, undergoing many privations and hardships.\\nThey were obliged to carry drinking water nearly two\\nmiles. In 1837, he located forty acres of land in the\\nnorth part of the town, which became the nucleus of\\na competency, which was the result of the industry and\\nenergy of himself and family which overcame all ob-\\nstacles, and he became one of the substantial and pros-\\nperous farmers of the township, and at the time of his\\ndeath (July 27, 1876), he owned 280 acres of land.\\nMr. Storey was an indefatigable worker, as was\\neach member of his family. His worthy wife (who\\nused to manufacture cloth for home use) and children\\neach performing their full share in out- door employ-\\nments, and assisted him in the manufacture of char-\\ncoal, of which he produced large quantities.\\nHe was at one time identified with the Baptist\\nChurch, from which he withdrew, as he became what\\nmight be termed liberal in his religious convictions.\\nIn his political convictions, he was originally a\\nWhig, but on the formation of the Republican party,\\nhe joined its ranks. He held the office of Township\\nTreasurer, and was regarded by all as a worthy citi-\\nzen and a good neighbor. He reared a family of\\nnine children Sarah A., now Mrs. Levi Reynolds, of\\nCalvin Amanda (Mrs. William Robbins) William A.\\nand Milton, both of whom are prominent farmers in\\nPorter Hulda 0. (deceased) Susan, now Mrs. Charles\\nH. Williams, of Iowa; Julia M., wife of M.\\nV. B. Williams Frank A. and Charles B., both de-\\nceased. Mrs. Story, whose death occurred Novem-\\nber 21, 1880, was a kind mother and a devoted wife,\\nand an exemplary Christian lady. She was a mem-\\nber of the Baptist Church for many years, in which\\nfaith she died.\\nOLIVER P. BRONSON.\\nj Oliver P. Bronson, of Porter Township, was born\\nI in Wayne County, Ind., February 20, 1819, and was\\nof Scotch-English descent. In 1830, when nearly\\ntwelve years of age, he moved with his father s fam-\\nily to Elkhart County, Ind., and in 1834, to South\\nBend, where his father, Reuben Bronson, died in\\n1836. Oliver then became an apprentice to the car-\\npenter s trade, and after three years service became a\\nvery fine workman. Upon the 1st of May, 1842, he mar-\\nried Miss Catherine Calkins, of South Bend she was\\nalso of Scotch descent, and was born in Monroe\\nCounty, N. Y., on the 25th of September, 1825.\\nHer father, Caleb Calkins, was born in Vermont.\\nThe subject of our sketch becoming tired of the life\\nof \u00c2\u00a3t mechanic, made a trip to California in 1850,\\nand upon his return in 1852, resolving to follow farm-\\ning, removed to Porter Township and purchased the\\nproperty of Joseph Roots, which is his present home.\\nHe has held, from time to time, various township\\noffices of more or less importance, offices not sought\\nby but rather forced upon him. He has been succes-\\nsively a Whig and a Republican. Mr. Bronson en-\\njoyed only the most limited advantages for obtaining\\nan education, but has obtained large information from\\nreading and observation. He is really a self-made\\nman.\\nThe children of Mr. and Mrs. Bronson, eight in\\nnumber, are Mary J., Martha A., Alice M., Flora,\\nJames Oliver, Elnora, John Schuyler and William\\nSherman.\\n(GEORGE B. ORR.\\nThomas Orr, a native of Ireland, came to America\\nwhen eighteen years of age, with his mother, his father\\nhaving previously died. He first located in Fairfield\\nCounty, Ohio, and it was here that his son, George B.,\\nwas born, September 23, 1821. When eight years of\\nage, George B. removed with his parents to Lower\\nSandusky, now Fremont, in Sandusky County, Ohio,\\nand it was here that he grew to manhood s estate in a\\nnew country, and assisted his father in clearing up\\ntwo farms, and has, therefore, from his earliest child-\\nhood, been conversant with pioneer life and the means\\nand expedients adopted by pioneers while improving\\nand developing a new country. Thomas Orr had\\nnearly attained the ripe old age of ninety-three years\\nat the time of liis death in 1876. He died in full\\nfaith of the tenets of the Methodist Episcopal Church,\\nof which denomination he had been a consistent mem-\\nber for many years. His wife Sarah (Low) Orr, who\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0464.jp2"}, "465": {"fulltext": "QLlVEF^P.BROfJSOfJ,\\nMf^S.OLlVEF( P. BI^O^SOK.\\n4#\\nf^ESIDEJ^jCE or H. K. FIELD, POP^T E I\\\\, Jvl ICH-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0465.jp2"}, "466": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0466.jp2"}, "467": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\n317\\nwas a native Virginian and also a member of the same\\nChristian denomination as her husband, died at Fos-\\ntorio, Ohio, aged eighty-five years. Having disposed\\nof his property in Sandusky County, Ohio. George B.\\nOrr came to Cass County in April, ISi/4, and pur-\\nchased his present farm in Section 17, North Porter\\nTownship, and commenced life in the woods, there\\nbeing at this time no road past his farm. Neither\\nwas there a road south from the present site of the\\nMethodist Church. The log house erected on the\\nfarm at this time, a view of which, together with his\\npresent residence, can be found on another page, con-\\ntained neither doors, windows or a floor, and Mr. and\\nMrs. Orr know full well the privations and hardships\\nof pioneer life, but they have, by perseverance and\\ntoil, overcome all obstacles, and can now enjoy the\\nample fruits of their industry.\\nIn 1844, Mr. Orr married Miss Harriet N., daugh-\\nter of Phillip and Dolly Smith, who were both natives\\nof Connecticut.\\nHer grandfather, Phillip Smith, died on board a\\nship of war, being captured by the British during the\\nRevolutionary war. INIrs. Orr was born in Oneida\\nCouniy, N. Y., January 17, 1824. Her mother, who\\nwas a member of the Presbyterian Church, passed her\\ndeclining years under her daughter s roof, her death\\noccurring in 1877, when she had reached the advanced\\nage of 93 years. Mr. Phillip Smith died in Fre-\\nmont, Ohio, January 6, 1862, aged seventy-nine years.\\nMr. and Mrs. Orr have been blessed with eight sons,\\ntwo of whom died in infancy. Frank L. and Edgar\\nE. reside in Porter Harry B. and Irving H. are in\\nbusiness in Chicago, while two sons, Thomas R. and\\nHomer G., reside in Ponca, Neb., the former of whom\\nis a druggist, and the latter an attorney. In politics,\\nMr. Orr is a stanch Democrat.\\nHARVEY K. FIELD\\nwas born in Sodus, Wayne Co., N. Y., March 13, 1826.\\nHis parents, Darius and Saloraa (Clark) Field were\\nnatives of the State of Vermont, and reared a family of\\nfourteen children, eight of whom are living. He was\\na farmer by occupation, and a son of George Field,\\nwho was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. Harvey\\nK. received a common school education, and, in 1845,\\ncame to Michigan with the fiimily and settled in Con-\\nstantine, where they remained until 1849, when they\\nremoved to Porter Township. Harvey remained but a\\nshort time, when he joined that throng of adventur-\\nous fortune-hunters and went to California by the\\noverland route, driving an o.x team the entire distance.\\nThe journey occupied six months. After a sojourn of\\nsix months, during which time he was engaged in\\nmining and trading with the Indians, he returned to\\nPorter and purchased fifty acres of land, which was\\nthe nucleus of his present farm of 203 acres. In\\nDecember of 1851, he was married to Miss Mary J.\\nStamp. She was born in Steuben County, N. Y.,\\nAugust 4, 1831, in the town of Reading, Steuben\\nCo., N. Y. they have had four children, two of\\nwhom, Ella L. and Herbert, are living.\\nIn his religious and political affiliations he is a\\nMethodist and a Republican. On another page will\\nbe seen a view of his home, which is the result of his\\nown industry. He has acquired a competency, and\\nis among the representative farmers of the county.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0SHERWOOD THOMAS.\\nHarley Thomas was born in Hartford, Conn., in\\n1818, and from this place removed with his parents to\\nMedina County, Ohio. In 1838, he came to Cass\\nCounty, and purchased forty acres of the farm now\\nowned by Mr. Gard, in Wayne Township, which he\\ncleared up, improved, and added to as his means ad-\\nmitted, and soon became noted as a successful farmer,\\nwhich fact was duly acknowledged, as in one of the\\nState Agricultural Reports he was mentioned as one of\\nthe best farmers in Western Michigan. His stock\\nwas of the best, and he went to much pains and ex-\\npense to introduce and propagate the most valued.\\nAbout 1854, he sold his farm, and purchased the one\\nin La Grange Township now owned by Peter Hardy,\\nwhich he disposed of in 1863, and removed to Do-\\nwagiac, where he remained until his death in January,\\n1876. Although economy, coupled with hard work,\\nwas necessary to his success in life, he never gave\\nway to a spirit of smallness, but was charitable and\\npublic-spirited, which, coupled with a genial nature,\\nmade friends of all his acquaintances.\\nHe was twice married first to Eunice Hungerford,\\nwho died in 1856, and by whom he had seven chil-\\ndren, five boys and two girls. One of his sons, Sher-\\nwood Thomas, was born in Wayne Township in 1844,\\nand reared on the farm, receiving such instruction as\\nfalls to the usual lot of farmers sons.\\nDuring the war of the rebellion, he nobly responded\\nto the call of our country for soldiers to preserve her\\nStates intact, and enlisted October 5, 1861, as a pri-\\nvate in Company A, Twelfth Michigan Infantry, and\\nas a member of this regiment participated in the\\nbattles of Shiloh, Corinth, Davis Bridge, luka,\\nAlabama, Mechanicsburg, on the Yazoo River, and\\nthe seige of Vicksburg, and was honorably discharged\\nat Duvall s Bluff, Ark., February 7, 1865, having\\npassed through the various battles unscathed. After\\nleaving the array, he purchased a farm in La Grange\\nTownship, which was disposed of, and in August,\\n1878, he purchased his present farm of 160 acres in", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0467.jp2"}, "468": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nPorter Township, and is now numbered among its suc-\\ncessful agriculturists; a portion of his time is, how-\\never, devoted to droving. On another page will be\\nfound a fine view of his residence. October 8, 1865,\\nhe was married to Lorain, daughter of Norman Jarvis,\\nand they are the parents of one child, a daughter,\\nnamed Nellie.\\nTHE RINEHART BROTHERS.\\nIn the history of Cass County, an especial interest\\nattaches to the history the five Rinehart brothers, Aot\\nalone from the fact that they were the representatives\\nof one of the prominent pioneer families of the county,\\nand were closely identified with the early settlement\\nof the townships of Penn and Porter, but from their\\nhigh social standing, and the enviable records they\\nhave made as citizens. The old adage that every\\nfloct has its dusky member never applied to this fam-\\nily, for no one can point to a single, unmanly or dis-\\nreputable act in the lives of any of them socially,\\nmorally, and in fact in every way they seem to have\\neach vied with the other to preserve, unspotted the\\nfamily escutcheon. The family are of German descent.\\nJohn, the father of the immediate subjects of this\\nmemoir, was a Virginian, and was born in 1779. In\\n1829, he came to Cass County, and first located in\\nPenn Township. In the history of Porter will be\\nfound an interesting narrative of the early experiences\\nof the family. They remained in Penn until their\\nremoval to Porter, where the elder Rinehart died in\\n1856.\\n.JACOB RINEH.VRT.\\nJacob, the elder of the five, was born in Virginia\\nin June of 1804 he was reared to habits of indus-\\ntry and thrift, which coupled with good judgment and\\neconomy, has brought its sure reward a competency\\nin old age. He came to Cass County with his father,\\nbut shortly after went to Cincinnati, where he en-\\ngaged in boat-building, but soon rejoined the family\\nhe connected himself prominently with many of the\\ninitial events in the early history of Porter, and in\\ncompany with Lewis and Samuel, he built and oper-\\nated the first saw-mill in the township. Since 1831,\\nhis business operations have been largely confined to\\nrunning the mill until it failed to be remunerative and\\nfarming. Mr. Rinehart has been three times married,\\nfirst to Jane Emmons they reared a family of six\\nchildren, viz.: William, Elijah, Eliza, Mary Jane\\n(deceased), Lewis and Melinda. After his first wife s\\ndeath, he married Mrs. W. Wright, and on her de-\\nmise Jane Saunders. He has never been an aspirant\\nfor civic honors, but has led a quiet and comparatively\\nuneventful life, and is now passing in peace and quiet\\nthe declining years of a well-spent life.\\nLEWIS RINEHART.\\nLewis Rinehart was born in Virginia. December\\n5, 1807.\\nHe was reared on a farm, but learned the carpen-\\nter and joiner s trade, which occupation he followed in\\nOhio. He accompanied his father to Cass County,\\nwhere Nov. 28, 1830, he married Miss Anna Frakes,\\nwho was born in Logan County, Ohio, August 13,\\n1812. She came to Michigan in 1830, with her\\nparents.\\nAs noticed elsewhere, Lewis was one of the owners\\nof the first saw-mill in Porter, and he did his full\\nshare in the development of this section of the county.\\nIn 1839, he removed to the farm where his widow\\nnow resides, and where his death occurred in Decem-\\nber of 1879. During the Sauk war, beheld a Lieuten-\\nant s commission. He served his township in the\\ncapacity of Collector, but devoted his time and atten-\\ntion principally to agricultural pursuits, in which he\\nwas eminently successful. Mr. Rinehart was a con-\\nsistent member of the Baptist Church, and a man who\\nwas universally respected for his many estimable\\nqualities. He and his worthy wife were blessed\\nwith children as follows: Samuel M., John W.,\\nMargaret (deceased), Emeline (deceased), Henry,\\nNathan, Eliza J. (deceased), Sarah, Mary, Lucretia,\\nand Lewis Clark.\\nIn December, 1831, as Mr. and Mrs. Rinehart\\nwere returning from a visit to her father in Kalama-\\nzoo County, they were overtaken by a severe snow\\nstorm, and night coming on they could not descern\\ntheir pathway, which was only marked by blazed\\ntrees, and realizing the extreme danger of continuing\\nfurther, he cleared the snow from underneath a tree\\nwhose branches hung low, and covering his wife and\\nher infant child with blankets, he remained there un-\\ntil daylight the next morning, and was only kept\\nfrom freezing by vigorous walking. The child, Samuel\\nM., that was thus sheltered that cold winter s night\\nunder a forest tree, is now living at Union.\\nDid our space permit, many other incidents could\\nbe related, showing the pluck and determination of\\nthe man, and of the many trials and hardships he en-\\ncountered in his pioneer life. He died December 6,\\n1879 his wife is still living on the old homestead,\\nnear the village of Union.\\nSAMUEL RINEHART.\\nSamuel Rinehart, the third son, was born in Rock-\\ningham County, Va., in September of 1809\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0468.jp2"}, "469": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n3176\\nreared to the life of a farmer, he has followed his\\nchosen avocation successfully through a long life with\\nthe exception of perhaps a few brief intervals. He has\\nresided on his present farm since 1847. He is genial\\nand social, and one who, without ostentation or dis-\\nplay, pursues the even tenor of his way, doing\\nwhat his judgment dictates as right. His mind is a\\nstorehouse of pioneer incidents and experiences which\\nhe delights in relating. He has never taken an ac-\\ntive part in politics, but first affiliated with the Whig\\nand now with the Republican party. He is a promi-\\nnent member of the Baptist Church, in whicli he is\\na Deacon. He was married August 12, 1838, to\\nMiss Elizabeth, daughter of Eleazer and Martha Hunt,\\nold settlers of Kalamazoo County. Mrs. Rinehart\\nwas born in 1821. They have been blessed with a\\nlarge family of children, all of whom are highly re-\\nspected members of society and are members of the\\nBaptist Church. Their names are as follows Martha\\nA., Christina E., Amos W. (deceased), Mary, Anna\\nM., Martin (deceased), Elias W.. Ellen E., Alice A.,\\nEmma A., Amanda E., Minnie C, Charles (deceased)\\nand Mabel.\\nJOHN RINEHART.\\nJohn Rinehart, or Uncle John, as he was familiarly\\nknown, was born in Rockingham County, Va., June\\n15, 1814. At the age of nine he came with his\\nfather s family to Clark County, Ohio, and from there\\nremoved to Cass County in February of 1829, and\\nsettled on Young s Prairie, on or near the farm now\\noccupied by Isaac Bonine, Jr. He entered the land\\nlately occupied by him in the year 1886. October\\n1, 1837, he was married to Miss Parthenia Lawson,\\nand during this year moved on his farm, where he\\nlived forty-four years. He was an honest man, a\\nkind and indulgent father, and an unselfish neighbor\\nand no one ever nearcd his happy home but what\\nthey where sure of a hearty welcome from Uncle\\nJohn. He was a member of the Birch Lake Method-\\nist Episcopal Church, being one of the leading spirits\\nengaged in the erection of the church edifice, and his\\nhouse was always open for the benefit of the church\\nsociety. He was, also, a member of the St. Joseph\\nValley Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., to which he had belonged\\nfor over thirty-five years, being one of the charter\\nmembers, and had filled all the chairs. Mr. Rinehart\\ndied February 20, 1881, and left a wife and five chil-\\ndren. The funeral services were conducted by the\\nRev. W. P. French, paistor of the Birch Lake Method-\\nist Episcopal Church, who preached an eloquent dis-\\ncourse from Exodus, first chapter and sixth verse\\nAnd Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that\\ngeneration. The funeral was the largest ever held\\nin this part of the country.\\nMrs. Rinehart was born March 15, 1821, in Cham-\\npaign County, Ohio. They had a family of seven\\nchildren Caroline J., Lewis W. (deceased), Welling-\\nton C. Elizabeth E., R. Melcinia, Emma 0., and\\nThomas, who died in infancy. Mrs. Rinehart, after\\nthe decease of her husband, took the sole charge of\\nthe business, which she managed with consummate\\nability. She is a lady of generous impulses, and a\\nworthy counterpart of her husband. She is a member\\nof the Baptist Church.\\nABRAHAM RINEHART.\\nAbraham Rinehart was born January 5, 1817, in\\nRockingham County, Va., and came to Cass County\\nwith his father s family. At the age of sixteen, his\\nfather gave him his time, and he commenced life\\nfor himself. Two or three years later, he went to\\nIowa and Illinois. In the latter State he made the\\nacquaintance of Miss Elizabeth Owen, whom he mar-\\nried in February of 1838. In August following Mrs.\\nRinehart died, they having come back to Cass\\nCounty, and he was again married, in 1843, to\\nMiss Hannah E. Denton. They have six children\\nliving Clarence Landais, Carlton W., Mary Amelia,\\nCarrie E., Annis A. and Myra E. five deceased\\nAdaline E., Charles D., Edward L., Harriet D. and\\nAbbie A. Mr. Rinehart has lived an ordinary life-\\ntime in Cass County, and has witnessed its develop-\\nment from a wilderness to one of the best agricultural\\nsections in the State, and in his own person, typifies\\nmany of the agencies that has wrought this great\\nchange. In his political and religious affiliations, he\\nis a Republican and a Baptist.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0469.jp2"}, "470": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nCHAPTER XXXI.\\nNatural Features\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pie-liistoric Eemains\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Settlements\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Orig-\\ninal Owners ot the Land\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Marriages\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil Organization-\\nCivil Officers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Statistics\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Roads\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools and School-\\nhouses\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious Organizations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Cemeteries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Veuice\u00e2\u0080\u0094Biograpli-\\nNATURAL FEATURES.\\nUPON the northern border of Cass County, west of\\nthe center, is situated the Township of Wayne.\\nThe township lines were surveyed by William Brook-\\nfield in March, 1827, the subdivision lines made by\\nJohn Mullett, Deputy Surveyor, in April, 1830. In\\nthe survey, this township is designated as Town 5\\nsouth, Range 15 west. It is bounded on the north\\nby Hamilton in Van Buren County, east by Volinia,\\nsouth by La Grange and west by Silver Creek. A\\nrange of hills extending from southwest to northeast\\ndivides the township into two nearly equal portions.\\nThe eastern comprises that part lying upon the hills, and\\neastward to the Volinia line is undulating and hilly.\\nThe western part includes the lower plateau, and con-\\ntains a portion of the Dowagiac swamp, being\\nabout four miles in length, and from one to two miles\\nin width.\\nTwin Lakes, the largest body of water in the town-\\nship, lies in Section 16. The most important water-\\ncourse is the North Branch of Dowagiac Creek, which\\nenters the township on Section 3, and flows in a south-\\nwesterly direction, leaving the township at the south-\\nwest corner of Section 18. It drains Dowagiac swamp.\\nPitcher s Brook, the only stream from the north, comes\\ninto the township from Van Buren County, flows in\\na southeasterly course through and mingles its waters\\nwith those of the creek. Barney s Brook, rising in\\na pond north of Twin Lakes, flows northwest. The\\nSouth Branch of the Dowagiac Creek enters the town-\\nship from Volinia, on Section 36, and flows in a south-\\nwesterly course, into La Grange Township, and from\\nthat township entering again on Section 33, forming\\nColby s Mill Pond on Section 32, and leaving the\\ntownship on the southeast corner of Section 31.\\nThe soil of the township varies in localities, but\\nconsists principally of sand and gravelly loam. The\\nland generally produces good crops and amply repays\\nthe toil of the farmer. The timber on the lower leveli\\nwhich originally was lieavily timbered, consisted of\\nash, beech, ba.sswood, elm, maple, whitewood, black\\nwalnut, white and yellow oak, with some scattering\\npine. The upper level, or hills, was principally covered\\nwith oak, hickoi-y and black walnut.\\nPRE-HISTORIC.\\nOnly one mound is known to exist in the township,\\nand that is situated on Section 16, on the farm of Mrs.\\nE. 0. Taylor, and lies partly on the road near Twin\\nLakes.\\nGarden beds have been found on Section 22, about\\neighty rods north of the center, and also on the north-\\neast quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 27.\\nThese have been obliterated by the plow.\\nREMAINS OF A MASTODON.\\nIn June, 1853, the remains of a mastodon were\\ndiscovered by William Griffis on his land. A dam\\nacross a little brook (which afforded power to a saw-\\nmill) was carried off in a freshet, which washed away\\na portion of one of the banks of the stream, and, un-\\ndermining an old tree, under the roots of which were\\nfound the bones of a large animal, consisting of a jaw-\\nbone about four feet in length, a tooth which weighed\\nsome four pounds, a fragment of a tusk about one foot\\nlong and four inches in diameter, and a rib bone.\\nEARLY SETTLEMENT.\\nThe first settlements in what is now Wayne Town-\\nship were, from all accounts, made in 1833. It is\\ndifficult to accord precedence to any one, though at\\nthe present time the location of the Wrights on Sec-\\ntion 24 is believed to be prior to that of any other settler.\\nJoel C. and Elijah W. Wright, with their f\\\\imilies,\\ncame from Butler County, Ohio. They settled first\\nin La Grange, then moved into Volinia, and finally\\nsettled in Wayne, on Section 24, on land entered by\\nJoel C. Wright. The first election held in the town-\\nship was at his house. Elijah W. Wright possessed\\nthe first brick-yard. Both fiimilies moved to Mis-\\nsouri, where Joel C. died. Elijah W. moved after-\\nward to Iowa; his son Milton is living in the northern\\npart of La Grange. Jacob Zimmerman, Cornelius Hig-\\ngins, Frederick Hurtle, came in nearly at the same\\ntime with the Wrights, and settled in the eastern part\\nof the township.\\nFrederick Hurtle and wife, who may be classed\\nwith the earliest settlers, came from Hamilton County,\\nOhio, in 1833, and settled first on Section 24. He\\nlived on his land nearly one year before making this\\nentry, which he did March 19, 1834. His wife was\\ndaughter of Cornelius Higgins.\\nCornelius Higgins, with a large family, left Darke", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0470.jp2"}, "471": {"fulltext": "imm^\\nJACOB H. ZlfV^ME^KMAN\\nJACOB H. ZIMMERMAN.\\nA peculiar interest attaches to the life of Jacob H\\nZimmerman, from the fact that he was undoubtedly\\nthe first settler of Wayne. He was born near Au-\\ngusta, Ga., in February of 1800 when six years of\\nage, his parents removed to Preble County, Ohio,\\nwhere he was reared, and where he was married to\\nMiss Elizabeth Newton. She was of English descent,\\nbut was born in Pennsylvania. When a child, her\\nparents removed to Preble County, from whence they\\nemigrated to Michigan. In 1832, Mr. Zimmerman\\ncame to Cass County, and settled on Young s Prairie,\\nwhere he remained until his removal to Wayne. In\\nthe early part of 1833, he took up land, and was\\nidentified with the development of the township and\\nits interests until 1874, when he returned to his old\\nhome in Ohio, where he is now living, at the advanced\\nage of eighty-two years. He reared a family of two\\nchildren George and Mary Ellen. She was born in\\nPreble County in 1830, and was but two years of age\\nwhen the family emigrated to this county. She was\\nmarried in 1852 to Charles G. Hadden, who died in\\n1875. She is living on the farm first settled by her\\nfather. Mr. Zimmerman was a man possessed of\\nmany admirable qualities. He was a prominent mem-\\nber of the Methodist Church, and an exemplary man\\nin every respect.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0471.jp2"}, "472": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0472.jp2"}, "473": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n319\\nCounty, Ohio, to emigrate to Michigan, in the fall of\\n1833. He had selected his land in 1882, making a\\nlocation on Section 25. He entered more land in\\n1834, so that his farm consisted of some two hundred\\nacres. His daughter, Sarah, married Frederick Hur\\ntie. The family moved to Iowa about twenty -five\\nyears ago.\\nIn 1830, Jacob Zimmerman came to Cass County\\nwith Hon. James Newton, on a prospecting tour. In\\n1831, he came back with George Newton, and raised\\na crop of corn and potatoes on Young s Prairie. In\\n1882, he entered land on Section 36, and in 1838\\ncame with his family and settled on his land. His wife\\ndying, he returned to Ohio in 1867, and remained\\nthere. His daughter, Mrs Mary Hadden, lives on\\nthe homestead.\\nThe first entry of land in the township was made\\nby Josiah Johnson, June 22, 1831, on Section 35.\\nThe land was selected by Johnson and his son-in-law,\\nGeorge Laporte in 1830, but as the land was not yet\\nready for entry, he left the money and returned to\\nOhio. In October, 1834, Mr. Johnson and two\\ndaughters, and George Laporte with his wife and three\\nchildren, moved from Harrison County, Ohio. Both\\nfamilies camped in their wagons until a log cabin\\ncould be put up near the banks of Jones Lake. They\\nwere assisted in their work by the Indians, a large\\nnumber being in camp in the neighborhood. The\\nfirst clearing was three acres, upon which a crop of\\ncorn was raised. Mr. and Mrs. Laporte are yet living\\non their farm two sons are living in Dowagiac; the\\neldest son is living in Iowa.\\nMr. Laporte s grandfather, George Laporte, came\\nfrom France with Gen. La Fayette, and was a soldier\\nin the war of the Revolution, after which he settled\\nin Maryland from there he emigrated to Ohio, and\\nwas one of the first settlers of Harrison County.\\nWilliam Ferrel, accompanied by his wife and\\nthree sons, came from Hamilton County, Ohio, in the\\nfaliof 1834. He entered land on Section 24. They\\nstopped a few weeks with Fredrick Hurtle until a log\\ncabin could be erected for their comfort and shelter.\\nSquire Ferrel was one of the first Justices, and held\\nvarious offices. Of the three sons who came from\\nOhio, William is living on the homestead, Charles on\\nSection 35, while Sylvester went to Illinois. Mrs.\\nFerrel is living with her son in Pine Grove. Mr.\\nFerrel died on the farm December 15, 1848. Jacob\\nHurtle is of German parentage, and was born on the\\nocean, during the voyage of his father and mother to\\nthe United States. The family settled in Hamilton\\nCounty, Ohio, from which place he emigrated with his\\nwife and son John to Cass County in 1834. They\\ncame with an ox team, arriving in Wayne Township\\nin September. He first located land in Section 23.\\nOf eleven children, ten are now living. Mr. and Mrs.\\nHurtle moved to Dowagiac in 1873.\\nJames Kirkwood came from Ayrshire, Scotland.\\nPrevious to his coming to this State, he lived two years\\nin Saratoga County, N. Y., and two years in Portage\\nCounty, Ohio. He entered land October 26, 1835.\\nIn March, 1836, he began work by clearing his land\\nand putting, up a log cabin it stood in front of his\\npresent house, which was built in 1859.\\nAbram Weaver with his wife and family came into\\nWayne in 1834, and settled on Section 1. Their son,\\nJames B. Weaver, was the Greenback candidate for\\nPresident in 1881. The family removed to Iowa\\nabout 1844.\\nRichard V. V. Crane originally came from New\\nJersey; he moved with his wife and family from But-\\nler County, Ohio, and settled on land which he\\nentered May 19, 1834. He was prominent in all the\\naSairs of the township, holding the office of Township\\nClerk for twelve years. He was also elected an\\nAssociate Judge of the County Court. He was one\\nof the first Justices of the Peace. About the year\\n1856, he removed to Jersey County, 111., with a por-\\ntion of his family, where he died January 19, 1875.\\nAnother settler from Butler County, Ohio, was\\nSamuel Squier, he located on Section 35.\\nJohn Shookman came with his wife and family from\\nOhio in 1834 and settled on Section 12, on the farm\\nnow owned by James Watson, where he remained un-\\ntil his death. He was a soldier in the war of 1812,\\nand was stationed at Fort Meigs. His son, Eleazer,\\na blacksmith by trade, married a daughter of Isaac\\nThompson. He moved into Indiana and there de-\\nceased. David Eck was from Pennsylvania. He\\nentered eighty acres on Section 2, in 1834 a miller\\nby trade. He lived in the township until 1865.\\nObadiah Ourant, the pioneer blacksmith of Wayne,\\nbrought his family, consisting of his wife and three\\nchildren, from Crawford County, Ohio, in 1836. and\\nlocated on land bought of Albert Warren. He set up\\nhis forge near the northwest corner of Section 85.\\nMr. Ourant started for California, but died on the\\nway in 1850. Mrs. Ourant lived on the farm until\\n1868, when she moved to Dowagiac, where she now\\nresides.\\nCol. Artemus Ellis, wife and family, emigrated from\\nMadison County, N. Y., to Geauga County, Ohio,\\nand from thence, in 1837, to Cass County, arriving in\\nthe fall, and settled on land bought of Albert Warren.\\nMrs. Ellis died the next year, and was the first per-\\nson interred in the White Burying-Ground. Col.\\nEllis was a soldier in the war of 1812. The family\\nwent back to Ohio, being discouraged by the sickness", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0473.jp2"}, "474": {"fulltext": "320\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwhich prevailed in the fall of 1838. Those in health\\nwere in constant demand to care for those who were\\nsick. A. C. Ellis, son of the Colonel, resides on Sec-\\ntion 31.\\nIn the spring of 1834, Jesse Greene, with his wife\\nand five sons and five daughters, moved to Cass Coun-\\nty, settling first in the woods, within a mile of Young s\\nPrairie. While living there, he was busy in making a\\nclearing and putting up a house of hewed logs on the\\nland which he had entered in 1833, on Section 26.\\nHaving been a merchant in Ohio, he brought his goods\\nto this State, and June 27, 1835, he was licensed as a\\nmerchant, and paid a tax of $4.81. May 29, 1835,\\nhe entered eighty acres adjoining his first entry,\\nwhere he built a dwelling house. His death occurred\\nvery suddenly, he dropping dead from a load of wheat\\nwhile en route with it to St. Joseph.\\nThe pioneer settler of the lower plateau or western\\npart of Wayne was John De Maranville, who came\\nwith his wife and children from Whitmanville in the\\nyear 1835. In September, 1834, he entered 160\\nacres on Section 17. On this land he built his cabin,\\non the highest bank of Lake Alone. The site of the\\ncabin and land now form a part of the farm of H. H.\\nTaylor. James P. Wiley was the second settler in\\nthis part of the town. He came from Huron County,\\nOhio, with his family, in the year 1836, and settled\\non land in Sections 17 and 20. In connection with\\nfarming, he carried on the coopering business he sold\\nout in 1865 and removed to Southern Illinois.\\nIn the latter part of the summer of 1836, Luther\\nP. Blood, of Livingston County, N. Y and Timothy\\nB. Colton, of the same county, with Wells H. At-\\nwood, under the guidance of John Woolman, Sr.,\\nfound their way into the western part of Wayne\\nBlood entered 240 acres on Sections 19 and 20, he\\nreturned to New York, sold out and never returned.\\nColton entered land on Sections 19 and 20. Wells\\nH. Atwood, of Middlebury, Genesee Co., N. Y., after\\nmaking a location and entering his land, returned to\\nNew York for his family, consisting of his wife (Sally\\nKelly) and five children. They arrived August 31,\\n1836. That fall and winter he put up his log cabin,\\nand inclosed his entire quarter-section with a good\\nrail fence. Mr. Atwood continued upon his farm\\nuntil the spring of 1850, when he removed to Dowa-\\ngiac, where he died in 1866. He was the third set-\\ntler in the western part of the township. Early in\\nthe year 1837, Parley A. Pooler came in from Ohio,\\nand took possession of the vacant cabin of De Maran-\\nville. He soon after built his cabin on Section 20,\\nadjoining the land of his son-in-law, J. P. Wiley.\\nThis made the fourth settlement in the neighborhood.\\nHe died on his farm in 18()6. Mrs. Pooler died at\\nI the residence of her daughter in Kalamazoo, Decem-\\nj ber 31, 1875, aged eighty-nine years.\\nEarly in July, 1837, William W. Loomis settled\\nupon the southeast corner of the northeast quarter\\nof Section 31, now within the corporate limits of the\\ncity of Dowagiac. He at once began to erect a frame\\nhouse and barn; they were the first frame buildings in\\nthe township.\\nAnother pioneer settler and the ninth in the list of\\nthose who came into the western part of the township,\\nwas Aaron Cook, from Onondaga County, N. Y. He\\nbuilt a log cabin on land which he entered May 26,\\n1836. A small lake in the tract on Section 30 bears\\nI his name. He died in 1846.\\nJulius A. Barney, in company with his brother\\nHenry and uncle John Barney, came from New\\ni Haven, Huron County, Ohio, into Wayne Township,\\nin 1835. In June of that year, he located and entered\\nland on Section 10. He and his brother returned to\\nOhio, leaving their uncle who built a log cabin near a\\nlarge spring, on what is now the Hatfield farm. In\\n1837, Mr. Barney, in company with his brother\\nHenry and brother-in-law, Micajah Ludlow, with their\\nfamilies, bid farewell to their old home in Ohio on\\nthe 10th day of June, and arrived in Wayne on the\\n27th. On arrival, they began living in the log cabin,\\nwhich had been vacated by John Barney on his re-\\nI moval to his land in Silver Creek.\\nHis first work was to clear two and a half acres,\\nwhich, the next spring, was planted to potatoes on\\nthis land he also planted an orchard, having procured\\nthe trees in South Bend, Ind. He next contracted\\nto have fifty acres broken up this was put into wheat.\\nThe crop harvested was threshed out by cattle on a\\nhard ground floor. A part of this crop was marketed\\nat St. Joseph, in the winter of 1844, at 52 cents\\nper bushel.\\nMrs. Barney, who was in poor health, died in the\\nfall of 1837. In 1839, Mr. Barney married a daugh-\\nter of Cyrus Gage. A daughter of this marriage lives\\nI in Hamilton, Van Buren County. His second wife\\ndying, he subsequently married a lady in Ohio. A\\nson and two daughters are living in New Mexico.\\nHenry Barney, Jr., accompanied his brother and\\nuncle on their prospecting tour in the year 1835.\\nOctober 20 of that year, he entered lands on Sections\\n9, 15 and 22. He then returned to Ohio, where he\\nremained until June, 1837, when with his wife and\\none son, and, in the company of his brother and\\nbrother-in-law, set out for their new home. He set-\\ntled on his land in Section 15, now owned by Z. A.\\nTyler, where he put up a log cabin, a few rods west\\nof the frame house which he erected in 1849. He\\nremained on the farm until his death in 1851. His\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0474.jp2"}, "475": {"fulltext": "J H Nf S G/A G E\\nJvlRS. JOHK S.GAGE.\\nJOHN S. GAGE.\\nAmong the early Bottlers of Wayne, perhaps no one has been more promi-\\nnently connected with ila development or haa identified himself more largely\\nwith its bcBt iiittTeata than John Storm Gage, the immediate subject of this\\nbiography. He ia a descendant of Thomas Gage, an English sea captain, who\\nwith his two brothers, came to this country about the year 1700. Tiiomas settled\\nin New England and reared a family of six sons\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Eli^ha, Ebenezer, Anthony,\\nCloses, George and Mark. The sons settled in the vicinity of southeast Putnam\\nCounty, N.Y. Ebenezer married Miss Grissel Elwell, and reared a family of\\nseven children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Chloe, Deborah, Justus, Eli, Jeremiah, Ira and Samuel. Justus,\\nthegrandfatherof the subject of this memoir, married Mary Benjamin, by whom\\nhe had a family of nine children, six sons and three daughters. Cyrus, thei*lder.\\nwas the frttht-r of John S., and was born in 1784, in Dutchess County, N. Y.\\nand married Miss Mahala, daughter of Peter Wilsie, of his native county, where\\nHhe was born September Hi, 1785. They had a family of six children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Peter B.,\\nCharles C, Justus C, John S., Annis and Caroline M. In 1819, Cyrus and his\\nfamily left the place of their nativity for De Buy ter, Madison County, N.Y.,from\\nwhence they removed the year following to the town of Scipio, Cayuga County.\\nN. Y., where they resided until their removal to Wayne, in September of 1839,\\nThf journey was made with a team and occupied twenty-three days, the family,\\nconsisting of the parents, John S. and his two sisters. A large portion of Wayne\\nwas at this time a wilderness, and the last three miles of the journey was made\\nby th e aasiatance of a pocket compass. Shortly after their arrival, John started\\nfor Detroit, where aportion of their household goods had been stored. A journey\\nof this kind at the time was no holiday affair, fourteen days being occupipd in\\ncompleting the round trip. The first winter was attended with many privations\\nand hardships; the family lived in a log house with a shake roof, which was\\n80 open that every fall of snow, if attended with a slight wind, would cover the\\nupper floor. Mr. Gage relates that it was his custom, on going to bed, to place\\nhis clothing undi rnuath it to avoid the necessity of digging them out of the\\nsnow in the morning. On one occasion his mother s cheeks were so badly\\nfrosted that the skin peeled ofi*. John received such advantages as were nfTorded\\nby the common-school of that day, but completed his education in that other\\nschool in which the teachers are observation and experience.\\nAt the age of seventeen he commenced teaching, his first effort being in\\nCanoga, Seneca County, N. Y., and among his pupils was Miss Caroline L.,\\ndaughter of John and Esther Ketchum House, whom he married in August of\\n1844. Four children had been born to tbetu\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Annis A., Cyrus J., Ira B. and\\nIna C, the latter died September 5, 1802.\\nMrs. Gage was born in April of 1821, in Soneca County. After coming to\\nMichigan, his services were again required as a teacher, and he taught the firet\\nschool in what has since been known as the Gage settlement, receiving the very\\nmoderate compensation of 1 cents por day, and received his pay in the labor\\nof his patrons.\\nIn 1840, he commenced the improvement of his farm, and in January of\\nthat year cut the first tree; this beginning, however humble in itself has\\nbeen prolific of grand results, and to use a well-worn simile, was the cornerstone\\nof his fortune. By industry, perseverance and business acumen he has been able\\nto make repeated additions to the little hole in the wilderness until he now owns\\none thousand acres of valuable land; his home farm which is known as the\\nCentennial Bowlder place is one of the most attractive and beautiful places\\nin the township, and is the result of his own industry. The attention of Mr.\\nGage has not been wholly engrossed by his tvgricultural operations. He is among\\nthose inventors who have given to AnuTiriui fiunirs tli- l.-nofit of patient in-\\nvestigation and study in the perfection of ini| i v. I mfr ^;liuiiil machinery. In\\n1860-62, he received letters patent for tbr |,i.il,\\\\ |,l,i,a.a K .ller Grain Drill\\nwhich has gone into very general use wherL-ver its merits are known. He has\\nalso taken an active interest in political matters, and has occupied many posi-\\ntions of trust and responsibility, the duties of which he has discharged to the\\nsatisfaction of his constituents and with credit to himself. Originally a Whig,\\nhe joined the Free-Soil movement and upon th\u00c2\u00ab formation of the Republican\\nparty joined its ranks and helped organize the party in Cass County, and was\\ntheir first candidate for the Legislature.\\nIn 1844, ho succeeded his father ai Supervisor of the township, holding the\\nposition for two terms. He also served his townsmen as School Inspector for a\\nnumber of years, and officiated as County Superintendent of the Poor for two\\nterms. The life of Mr. liage has boon marked but by few incidents, save snch,\\nas occur in the lives of most successful business men. Commencing life in a\\nnew country with only his natural resources as his capital he has conquered\\nsuccess in all departments of life and is one of whom the Latin phrase ^ber\\nmce fortutife is eminently applicable.\\nThis sketch would not be complete without further mention of the elder\\nGage, who, during his life time, was one of the prominent clti/.-^ns of the town-\\nship he was a man highly esteemed for the poMossion of many admirable traits\\nof character, an l his name is prominent among the early settlers of the town-\\nship, where he died in July of 1847.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0475.jp2"}, "476": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0476.jp2"}, "477": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n321\\nwife and youngest son died some three years later.\\nThree sons enlisted in the army, going into one of the\\nnumerous organizations raised in this country. Davis\\nM. and Willis died while in the service, and are bur-\\nied in Southern graves. Henry L. was Register of\\nDeeds for four years, being first elected in 1873. He\\ndied on his farm in Silver Creek in 1881.\\nMicajah Ludlow came from Plymouth, Huron\\nCounty, Ohio, in June, 1837, and settled on Sectim\\n22. This land had been previously located by Henry\\nBarney, Jr. He came with his wife, son and daugh-\\nter, and in company with his brothers-in-law, J. A.\\nand H. Barney, Jr. His daughter was united in\\nmarriage with Mr. Chester C. Morton. Mr. Ludlow\\nremained on his farm until his death in 1853; Mrs.\\nLudlow died in 18.52. The farm is now owned by C.\\nC. Morton.\\nDuring the winter of 1837, Luther P. Blood sold\\nto Justus and Ebenezer Gage the 240 acres of land\\nwhich he had located in Wayne Township the sum-\\nmer before. They arrived in Cass County on the 3d\\nday of June, 1837. They had been informed by\\nJehiel C. Saxton, the County Surveyor, of the gen-\\neral character of the section of country to which they\\nwere going. The country as presented to their view\\nis related as follows\\nDirectly in front of us to the north, from two to\\nfour miles away, lay the long green belt of low-ground\\ntimber, now in full leaf (the oak-trees of the lower pla-\\nteau not yet leaved out), coming down from the east\\ninclosing our little settlement with a semi circular bend\\ntoward the southwest, in the middle of which winds the\\ndark, sluggish waters of the North Branch of the Do-\\nwagiac Creek. This belt of low land is about twenty-\\nfive miles long and from two to four miles wide, and\\nwas generally known in this part of the State as the\\nBig Da-wa-ga-awk Swamp. Mr. Atwood offered\\nthem room in his small cabin until they could build\\none for themselves, and kindly accompanied them back\\nto Whitmanville for their families. The three families\\ncomprised eight adults and seven children, fifteen in\\nall, crowded into a log cabin 16x22 feet.\\nJustus Gage assisted in establishing the Agricult-\\nural College, and labored hard for its prosperity. He\\nassisted in organizing the Cass County Agricultural\\nSociety, and was one of its first Presidents. He also\\ndelivered the address before the State Agricultural\\nSociety in 1852. He was greatly interested in edu-\\ncational matters, and held the position of School In-\\nspector of Wayne at twelve different times. In 1850,\\nhe was made Director of the school in Dowagiac, and\\nunder his management the union school system was\\nintroduce l. He took a very active part in founding\\nthe Universalist Church in Dowagiac, and was one of\\nits most efficient and munificent officers, and was a\\nlicensed preacher of that denomination. He had re-\\ntired from his farm and been a resident of Dowagiac\\nseveral years before his death, which occurred January\\n21, 1875.\\nJoseph Speneer, with his wife and daughter Fran-\\nces, left Madison County, N. Y., September 7, 1837,\\nand arrived at what was to be their future home, on\\nSection 7, October 16. They came from Detroit with\\nteams, coming in by way of Kalamazoo. The first\\ncabin of logs was a temporary afiFair, and stood back\\nof the present frame dwelling. While engaged in\\nerecting his first habitation his family remained a few\\nweeks at Keelerville, in Van Buren County. He\\nhad to get along as best he could in the new settlement,\\nand had been stacking his wheat for five or six years\\nand threshing it with cattle on a small floor. He\\nbuilt a barn in 1843. That winter was very cold,\\nwith deep snow that fall had a good crop of wheat\\nin the girdlings. January, 1846, he says Produce\\nhas been low, but we have raised good crops and make\\na slow advance toward a comfortable home. The\\nnew house was built in 1854. Mr. Spencer not only\\nconverted wild lands into an excellent farm, but\\nerected good and substantial buildings and made\\nevery improvement necessary to constitute it one of\\nthe best homes in the township. He died at his\\nhome on February 27, 1881. Mrs. Spencer is living\\nwith her son, Edward R., on the homestead.\\nPhilo B. White came from the town of Caroline,\\nTompkins County, N. Y., and arrived in Michigan\\nin June, 1836. He purchased lands from second\\nhands on Section 27. Having examined his purchase,\\nhe returned to New York. He returned with family\\nthe next year,, and leaving them at Battle Creek, he,\\nin company with his brother, proceeded to the land he\\nhad located. They arrived on the ground on Thurs-\\nday, September 8, 1837. The next day they went to\\nMcintosh s saw-mill for lumber to build a plank\\ncabin. As there were no roads, the route lay through\\nthe woods marked by blazed trees. Soon as the lum-\\nber was on the ground and the nails had been bought\\nat Whitmanville, at 16 cents a pound, Mr. White,\\nbeing a carpenter by trade, began the building, which\\nwas of one and a half inch plank, set vertically and\\nbattened the shed roof was of boards and battened.\\nThe dimensions of the mansion was twelve by twenty\\nfeet. The window sash was procured of Albert War-\\nren. The fireplace had a clay back and was finished\\nout through the roof with a stick chimney. He pai l\\n$5 per thou.sand feet for lumber. He cleared that\\nfall by girdling seven acres, which in the spring was\\nput into oats and corn. Owing to the sickness pre-\\nvailing in the summer and fall of 1838 in nearly", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0477.jp2"}, "478": {"fulltext": "322\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nevery family in the settlement, it was almost impossible\\nto harvest any crops. Although extra inducements\\nwere oflfered, none would accept, and Mr. White was\\ncompelled to set fire to his field of oats and burn them\\nup. Mr. White s services as a carpenter were in\\nconstant demand was a house to be erected or a barn\\nto be built, he was the man to do it. After a few\\nyears, they outgrew the limits of their shanty home,\\nand he built a neat and comfortable frame dwelling.\\nMr. White has held the office of Justice of the Peace\\nseveral terms, and has served as Secretary of the\\nCass County Farmers Insurance Company. He and\\nhis wife are now residents of the city of Dowagiac,\\nhaving retired from the farm a few years ago.\\nSilas A. Pitcher, at the age of twenty-one and\\nunmarried, came from Hocking Co., Ohio, to Hamil-\\nton Township, Van Buren County, with his brother-\\nin-law, John Cumley. This was in 1836 after stay-\\ning a few days he went to Kalamazoo, where he\\nworked in a tannery till the spring of 1837, when he\\nreturned and worked for his brother-in-law. In 1839,\\nhe and his father came to Wayne Township; here they\\nentered land on Section 5, and that fall put up a log\\ncabin in which he and his father kept bachelor s\\nhall. In 1861, he sold out and bought the farm ad-\\njoining on the west, where he how lives. His father\\ncontinued to reside with him on the farm until 1867,\\nwhen he departed this life at the ripe old age of ninety-\\nthree years.\\nCyrus B. Gage, a brother of Justus and Ebenezer,\\ncame from the town of Ledyard, Cayuga County, N.\\nY., in October, 1839, and bought his land from second\\nhands. He rented a house and thirteen acres of land\\nin the neighborhood till he could build a small frame\\nhouse on his land on Section 21. Mr. and Mrs. Gage\\nlived on the farm until their decease in 1847-48.\\nJohn S. Gage and two sisters accompanied their\\nparents. He now owns the homestead. One of the\\nsisters married Julius A. Barney the other is a\\nwidow and living in California. Mr. Gage now owns\\n400 acres in his home farm\\nAndrew Kirkwooil came first from Scotland in the\\nyear 1832, and went back, but returned in the next\\nyear, 1883. He and his wife (also from Scotland)\\nwith two boys came to Michigan from Ohio in 1836,\\nand moved into the log cabin built by his brother\\nJames. Here they lived until June, 1838, when they\\nmoved to Section 5, and settled on land bought July\\n19, 1836. The farm is now owned by Silas A. Pitch-\\ner, and Mr. and Mrs. K. are now living in Dowagiac.\\nIn moving to their new home in north Wayne, in\\nJune. 1838, he went through near where the present\\nroad is located, and forded North Dowagiac Creek\\nabout five rods below where the bridge is now. They\\nj cut out the brush in the road and filled up the holes\\nto give their cattle good footing, and all passed safely\\nj through.\\nThey have had five sons and one daughter the sons\\nj and son-in-law were in the army; Alexander, Thomas,\\nWilliam and their brother-in-law, Samuel Bell, en-\\nlisted in the Nineteenth Infantry; John G. was in the\\nTwelfth Infantry; he died of disease at home; Andrew F.\\ni enlisted in the Sixth Cavalry, and was killed by Indians\\nnear Fort Laramie, Wyoming Territory.\\nThomas M. N. Tinkler came from York, Living-\\nston Co., N. Y., in 1837, on a prospecting tour he\\nreturned, and, in 1839, accompanied by his wife and\\ntwo sons, he set out for the new home that was to be,\\nand arrived in Wayne October 25. Here he settled\\nj on Section 20, where he purchased land, paying $5\\nper acre. There was on the land a cabin and about\\nI five acres of clearing. When Mr. Tinkler had paid\\nfor his land, he had just enough money left to purchase\\nprovisions for one year and buy a yoke of oxen then\\nhe traded a silver watch for a plow. He has in his\\nfarm 136 acres. His eldest son, Isaac W., is residing\\nin Buchanan; George is living on an adjoining farm\\na daughter, Mrs. John Nash, on a part of the Barney\\nfarm. Section 15.\\nI The Thompson family came from Darke County,\\nI Ohio. Isaac entered land on Section 23, in 1835,\\nalso in 1836, and later on Section 24. He moved to\\nIowa in 1855. Benjamin, a son of Isaac Thompson,\\nsettled in 1832, on the banks of Stone Lake. He\\nentered land on Section 23, in Wayne, and moved to\\nit in 1836. He died in March, 1837, and his widow\\nbecame Mrs. McOmbcr, now living in lUniois. Mr.\\nThompson was in Company A, Nineteenth Michigan\\nInfantry.\\nJoel Mann, with wife and three children, emigrated\\nfrom Huron County, Ohio, town of Lyme, in 1869.\\nHe purchased a portion of his farm with present resi-\\ndence from Selah Pickett, on what is known as Pick-\\nett s Corners. He also purchased a part of his\\nfarm from the Widow McOmber. Of six children,\\nonly three are living. Two sons are on adjoining\\nfarms.\\nLeverett C. Howard came when a boy from Jeft er-\\nson County, N. Y., to White Pigeon, thence to La\\nGrange County, Ind., then removing to Dowagiac in\\n1851, where he remained two years; thence to Niles,\\nafter which he settled on Section 23, on the farm he\\nnow occupies, upon which he built the third brick\\nhouse in the town. He married Clarinda Pickett, a\\ndaughter of Selah Pickett, a pioneer of 1834, coming\\nfrom Chautauqua County, N. Y., and settling on the\\nfarm now owned by Joel Mann, at the junction of\\nThree Roads, and known as Pickett s Corners. Here\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0478.jp2"}, "479": {"fulltext": "JOHK f^EEK.\\n^f^S.JOHN GREEfJ.\\nJOHN GREEN.\\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Preble\\nCounty, Ohio, January 12, 1821. He was the eld-\\nest son of Je.sse and Charity Green, who reared a\\nfamily of twelve children, five girls and seven boys.\\nThe elder Green was a native of Wilkes County, Ga.,\\nwhere he remained until he was fifteen years of age\\nhis wife was born in North Carolina. John lived in\\nPreble County until he was thirteen years of age, at\\nwhich time his father concluded to emigrate to Michi-\\ngan. Although in an early day, the journey was not\\nmarked by any incidents worthy of mention. They\\nsettled in Wayne on land adjoining the present farm\\nof his son, where he resided until his decease.\\nJohn received a limited education, and livud at the\\nold home until he was thirty-five years of age, at\\nwhich time he was married to Miss Sarah E., daugh-\\nter of Sylvanus and Amy Reynolds, of Van Buren\\nCounty they have been blessed with two children\\nWilliam A. and Jesse, both living at home.\\nMr. Green has always been a farmer, and in his\\nchosen calling has been eminently successful he owns\\na fine farm of 160 acres under a good state of cultiva-\\ntion, and the farm presents many evidences of thrift\\nand prosperity. Mr. Green is one of the pioneers of\\nWayne, coming to the county in the early days; he\\nhas witnessed its development and identified himself\\nwith its history.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0479.jp2"}, "480": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0480.jp2"}, "481": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN\\nMr. Pickett kept a tavern, and was Postmaster. Mr.\\nPickett died at the house of his son-in-law, October\\n17, 1872, aged eighty-one years. Mrs. Pickett died\\nDecember 6, 1872, aged seventy-eight years.\\nSamuel Hardenbrook, with his wife and three sons\\nand three daughters, came from Richland County,\\nOhio, in the year 1836, stopping first, a short time,\\nin La Grange, then coming to Wayne and settling on\\nland on Section 17. He lived there two years then\\nmoved to St. Joseph County. Mr. Hardenbrook was\\na veteran of the war of 1812. Adolphus, a son,\\nmoved from La Grange Prairie in 1859 and settled in\\nSection 34. He married a daughter of Capt. Isaac\\nShurte. Mr. H. died on his farm in December, 1880.\\nThe family came originally from Maryland, and moved\\nto Ohio in 1825.\\nArthur Graham, with his wife and son, emigrated\\nfrom Scotland in 1835, and settled at New York Mills,\\nOneida Co., N. Y. In 1838, he came to Michigan,\\nland looking. He purchased a farm of Jacob Silver.\\nAugust 22, 1839, he came with his family, and occu-\\npied the log cabin belonging to James Kirkwood\\nTheir eldest son, James, is in Nevada, engaged in\\nmining, being an owner of the Alexander mine.\\nAnother son, Richard, died in California October 5,\\n1880. Mr. Graham is now a resident of Dowagiac.\\nZophar Mott s first location in Michigan was at\\nBattle Creek in 1835, where he moved from Tomp-\\nkins County, N. Y. He came, with his wife, one son\\nand three daughters, to Wayne, in 1838, and settled\\non the farm now owned by William White. Mr. and\\nMrs. Mott both deceased on this farm.\\nJames Watson, a native of Renfrewshire, Scotland,\\nemigrated, with his wife and family, and settled first\\nat New York Mills, Oneida Co., N. Y. In 1842,\\nthey moved to Michigan, and settled in Wayne, on\\nSection 14. Alexander, a son, lives on the home-\\nstead.\\nChester C. Morton was born, in 1822, in the town\\nof Pompey, Onondaga County, N. Y. He came to\\nthis State in 1844, and stopped in Constantine, where\\nhe was employed in the store and mill of Joseph R.\\nWilliams. After working here a few months, the\\nwork in the mill proving detrimental to his health, he\\nleft and went to St. Joseph, where he was engaged in\\na store and in collecting. Here he remained until\\nthe winter of 1847, when he came to Wayne and\\ntaught the school in District No. 4. In the spring,\\ncommenced farming on eighty acres, which he pur-\\nchased, in Section 16. In 1849, he married Mary,\\ndaughter of Micajah Ludlow, who came from Ohio in\\n1837, and settled on the south side of Twin Lakes,\\non Section 22. Mr. Morton pays great attention to\\nsheep raising, in which he is successful. He has a\\nflock of nearly five hundred. Of seven children, five\\nare now living.\\nIn common with all who came to this region when\\nit was new, and worked their way perseveringly to\\nwealth and independence, Mr. Morton has seen his\\nshare of hard trials, reverses and successes, and can\\nlook back on his life in Michigan with the satisfaction\\nthat by his own industry he has accomplished so\\ngreat results and created the pleasant surroundings\\nof his present home.\\nHoUis Bond, accompanied by his wife and sons,\\nJosiah C. and Thomas, moved in the year 1833 from\\nLivingston County, N. Y., to Scio Township, Wash-\\ntenaw County. They lived there until 1853, when\\nthey moved to Cass County and settled in Wayne, on\\nthe farm now owned by Alex. Watson. Residing\\nthere four years, they sold and removed to Section 1,\\non the farm formerly owned by Abram Weaver. Mr.\\nBond died on the farm in May, 1876. Mrs. Bond\\nand daughter are living in Dowagiac. Two sons,\\nJosiah C. and Franklin, enlisted at the commencement\\nof the war in the Sixteenth Michigan Infantry, and\\njoining Company F. Josiah was killed in the battle\\nof Gettysburg, Penn., July 2, 1863. Franklin was\\ndischarged for disability in 1862, and, on recovery,\\nre-enlisted in Company C, Veteran Reserve Corps,\\nfrom which he was mustered out June 26, 1864.\\nA sketch of Elias Jewell, who came to Wayne in\\n1867, will be found elsewhere.\\nO. G. Hunt came to Cass County from Champaign\\nCounty, Ohio, with his father and the family, when a\\nboy. They settled first on the east side of Young s\\nPrairie on a leased farm then they moved to Porter\\nToM nship, settling on Baldwin s Prairie. In 1852,\\nhaving reached the age of twenty-seven, he concluded\\nto go to California, and remained there nine years\\nengaged in mining and farming. Having done well,\\nand with a desire to see home, he returned to Porter\\nand engaged in farming. He finally purchased, in\\n1868, the one hundred and twenty acres, which was\\nthe Ourant farm.\\nWesley Huif, with his wife and family, moved into\\nWayne from Porter in 1869, and settled on the farm\\nformerly owned by Julius A. Barney. Mr. Huff\\nmarried, in Volinia, Mary D. Warner; they have had\\nnine children. Their eldest son, Isaac, enlisted in the\\nFirst Sharp-Shooters, Company I was taken prisoner\\nand died in Libby Prison. Eight children are living\\na son and daughter are at home. Mr. Huff came\\nfrom Clark County, Ohio, with his parents and settled\\nin Volinia in 1834.\\nJonathan M. Jewell came into Wayne from La\\nGrange in 1869, and purchased from H. B. Wells a\\nsmall tract of land on Section 28. He owns 120", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0481.jp2"}, "482": {"fulltext": "324\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nacres on Section 27. In 1872, he was united in mar-\\nriage with Miss Lovina Putnam, of New Carlisle, Ind.\\nMr. Jewell came from Butler County, Ohio, in 1839,\\nwith his father (William W. Jewell) and mother they\\nsettled on the east side of La Grange Prairie, where\\nthey lived two years, then moved to McKinney s\\nPrairie and remained five years, then selling out and\\nreturning to La Grange Prairie, where he became pos-\\nsessed of 240 acres.\\nJohn P. Fiero, born on McKinney s Prairie, mar-\\nried a daughter of Eber Root. Moved from La\\nGrange to Wayne in 1876, and settled on the farm\\nformerly owned by Israel Ball. The land was first\\nentered by Albert Warren.\\nMichael Smith and wife (Emma Cummings) settled\\non 120 acres of the farm formerly owned by Jesse\\nGreen. Willis Cummings, the father of Mrs. Smith,\\nenlisted in the Second Michigan Cavalry, was taken\\nprisoner and died in a rebel prison.\\nHenry B. Wells came into the township of Wayne.\\nHere he selected and purchased forty acres of land\\non Section 28. He began working for John S. Gage,\\nand was in his employ three years, meanwhile clear-\\ning his land. In 1853, he entered the employ of the\\nMichigan Central railroad company, as freight con-\\nductor. In 1854, the railroad company sent him to\\nSault Ste. Marie, where he had charge of some work\\non the canal he was on this work nearly a year when\\nhe returned and resumed his work on the railroad,\\nwhich he followed till 1856, when he was made an\\nagent for the purchase of fuel for the railroad. In\\n1859, he left the road and settled on his farm. In\\n1861, he was selected by the people of his township\\nfor the office of Supervisor, which he held for six\\nyears. During the war, he made two journeys to\\nMississippi as agent for Wayne and Silver Creek, to\\nfill the quotas of both townships. In 1870, he be-\\ncame Postmaster of Dowagiac, which position he filled\\nnearly three years.\\nAlthough not among the oldest pioneers, Mr. Wells\\nhas had his share of trials from the inconveniences\\nattending a new country, and has contributed his share\\nin transforming the country to its present condition.\\nWorden Wells, a brother of Hon. H. B. Wells,\\ncame with his wife from Kalamazoo County in 1855,\\nand settled first on Section 15, on land now owned\\nby S. L. Julien. He next settled on the farm on\\nwhich he is now living, near Glenwood. He is in the\\nemploy of the Michigan Central Railroad Company\\nas fuel and timber inspector.\\nIsaac R. Swartout, accompanied by his family,\\ncame from Cape Vincent, Jeff erson County, N. Y., in\\n1865. They settled in La Grange, on land purchased\\nof Humphrey Baugham. In March, 1881, he sold\\nout and purchased a farm in Wayne. Mr. Swartout\\nwas Orderly Sergeant in Battery D, First New York\\nLight Artillery.\\nThe following are the original entries of land em-\\nbraced in the township of Wayne\\nSection 1.\\nRichard V. V. Crane, Butler County, Ohio, May 19, 1834 77\\nAbram Weaver, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1834 40\\nStephen Bull, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 23,1835 160\\nAbram Weaver, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 3, 1835 80\\n.John L. Clark, Butler County, Ohio, July 10, 1838 80\\nEli Eck, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 22, 1847 40\\nWilliam Griffis, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 19, 1852 40\\nJohn Shookman, Cass County, Mich., April 14, 1852 40\\nJohn Patterson, New York City, July 6, 1852 73\\nSection 2.\\nRichard V. V. Crane, May 19, 18.54 79\\nDavid Eck, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 25, 1834 80\\nRichard V. V.Crane, Dec. 29, 1834. 40\\nRichard V. V. Crane, Dec. 3, 1836 40\\nDavid Eck, Dec. 5, 1830 40\\nPeter Dine, .Tan. 7, 183r, 40\\nSection 3.\\nThompson Cowham.Cass County, Mich., July 1, 1837 80\\nThompson Cowham, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 1, 1838 80\\nDaniel C. Squier, Cass County, Mich., March 8, 1852 40\\nSection 4.\\nJacob Hungerford, Madison County, N. Y., April .3; 1837 83\\nHorace Tryon, Madison County, N. Y., April 11,1837 40\\nSection 5.\\nAndrew Kirkwood, Cass County, Mich., July 19,\\n235\\nJoseph Van Horn, Van Buren County, Deo. 13, 1836 40\\nJacob Statler, Cass County, Mich., March 10, 1837 46\\nOrrin Hungerford, Madison County, N. Y., April 18, 1837... 83\\nOrrin Hungerford, April 22, 1837 40\\nFrederick Pitcher, Van Buren County, Sept. 12, 1839 40\\nSilas A. Pitcher, Van Buren County, Sept. 12, 1839 40\\nSilas A. Pitcher, Van Buren County, Oct. 23, 1839 40\\nLothrop Wilson, Van Buren County, Nov. 30, 1841 40\\nSection 6.\\nRector York, Berrien County, May 4, 1836 240\\nJames Dickson, Cass County, Mich., May 10, 1836 228\\nFrancis Hungerford, Oneida County, N. Y., April 3, 1837 92\\nSection 7.\\nRector York, Berrien County, May 7, 1836 80\\nJames Dickson, Cass County, Mich., May 10, 1836 80\\nSullivan Treat, Cass County, Mich., May 17, 1836 154\\nJacob Statler, Marion County, Ohio, July 21, 1836 80\\nJoseph Spencer, Cass County, Mich., Deo. 9, 1837 74\\nJames T. Finch, Van Buren County, April 25, 1842 40\\nSection 8.\\nSimon Van Horn, Cass County, Dec. 25, 1837 40\\nSection 9.\\nHenry Barney, Jr., Huron County, Ohio, Oct. 20, 1835 40\\nHenry Barney, Jr., Cass County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1847 80\\nHenry Barney, Jr., Cass County, Mich., March 3, 1848 40", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0482.jp2"}, "483": {"fulltext": "JAMES KIF^KWOOD,\\nMF(S, ISABEL KIRKWOOD.\\nJAMES KIKKWOOD.\\nJames Kirkwood, one of the pioneers of Wayne,\\nwas born in Ayrshire, Scotland, April 12, 1811.\\nHis father, Thomas Kirkwood, was a successful farmer,\\nand married Jeanette Crawford, by whom he reared a\\nfamily of nine children. James received a common\\nschool education, and, at the age of seventeen, started\\nin life for himself as a farm-hand. On attaining his\\nmajority, he left the home of his nativity and came to\\nthe United States. He stopped in the town of Gal-\\nway, Saratoga Co., N. Y., for two years, when he\\nwent to Summit County, Ohio, where he remained\\nuntil his emigration to Cass County, in February of\\n1836. He purchased the farm on which he now re-\\nsides in the township of Wayne. In 1840, he was\\nmarried to Miss Isabel, daughter of James Brown,\\nwhose sons, David and William, were the founders of\\nthe village of Brownsville. Mrs. Kirkwood is a native\\nof Ayrshire, where she was born in August 12, 1819.\\nShe came to Michigan with her family in 1831. They\\nreared a family of seven children, only two of whom\\nare living John and Agnes. John resides on the old\\nfarm Agnes married Elmer Hall. The life of Mr.\\nKirkwood, in many respects, is not unlike that of\\nmost of the early settlers of Cass County. He has\\ngiven his energies to the improvement and cultivation\\nof his farm, and the building up of an honorable repu-\\ntation. He has identified himself with all the best\\ninterests of Wayne, and served his fellow-townsmen,\\nin many capacities, those of Treasurer and Road Com-\\nmissioner being the most notable ones.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0483.jp2"}, "484": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0484.jp2"}, "485": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSection 10.\\nACRES.\\nAustin Bond, Madison County, N. Y., .June 27, 1834 80\\nHarry Lansing. Madison County. N. V., June 27, 1834 80\\nJulius A. Barney, Huron County, Ohio, June 2T, 1835 80\\nJulius A. Barney, Huron County, Ohio, June 2r,, 1835 80\\nRouse Ely, Huron County, Ohio, June 2tj, 1835 40\\nJohn L. Clark, Butler County, Ohio, Dec. 3, 1836 80\\nAbner Thompson, Cass County, Mich., June 12, 1837 80\\nJulius A. Barney, Cass County, Mich., June, 23, 1838 40\\nSection 11.\\nJohn L. Clark, Butler County, Ohio, May 19, 1834 80\\nSimon H. Dobler, Butler County, Ohio, Nay 27, 18,3, 70\\nWilliam Weaver, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 3, 1836 80\\nIsaac Waldron, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 6, 183(; 80\\nHenry Barney, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 1, 1837 80\\nAuer Umberfield, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 4, 1838 80\\nAuer Umberfield, Cass County, Mich, Jan. 10, 1838 40\\nChester C. Morton, Cass Cimnty. Mich., March 3, 1848 40\\nSection 12.\\nJames M. Wright, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 17, 1847 40\\nJohn Cays, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 5, 1833 80\\nWilliam Huff, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 18, 1833 80\\nWilliam Huff, Cass County, Mich, March 1,1834 80\\nJohn Shookman, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 0, 1834 40\\nJohn Shookman, Cass County, Mich., May 20, 1835 40\\nAdam Kunkle, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 21, 1835 80\\nRobert Dine, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. .30, 1835 40\\nStephen Ball, Cass County, Mich., March 7 and 18, 1836 .SO\\nJohn L. Clark, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 11, 1838 40\\nJohn Shookman, Cass County, Mich., April 14, 1852 40\\nSection 13.\\nWilliam Oriffis, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 15, 1832 40\\n.Susannah Griffis, Cass fJounty, Mich., Sept. 1, 1834 40\\nLeyi Hall, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 24, 1834..... 40\\nCharles Hall, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 26, 1835 40\\nCharles Hall, Cass County, Mich., May 2, 183G 40\\nJames Kirkwood, PorUge County, Ohio, Oct. 26, 1835 160\\nJohn Shookman, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 12, 1836 40\\nEleazer Shookman, Cass County, Mich., March 18, 1836 80\\nHorace Butler, Cass County, Mich., May 20, 1836 80\\nSection 14.\\nDaniel Kunkle, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 21, 1835 160\\nWilliam Tarboss, Cass County, Mich., Xov. 20, 1835 80\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich May 9, 1836 160\\nWilliam G. Straw, Cass County, Mich., May 9, 1836 160\\nHorace Butler, Oneida County, N, V., May 20, 1836 80\\nSection 15.\\nJame- Hall, Cass County, Mich., April 8, 1835 49\\nRouse Bly, Huron County, Ohio, June 17, 1836 173\\nRouse Bly, Huron County, Ohio, June 26, 1835 80\\nDaniel Kunkle, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 21, 1835 80\\nHenry Barney, Jr., Huron County, Ohio, Oct. 2(i, 1835 80\\nHorace Butler, May 20, 1836 80\\nSection 16.\\n.School Land.\\nSection 17.\\nJohn UeMaranville, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 16 29, 1\\nJames P. Wiley, Huron County, Ohio, June 16, 1836\\nGoodman Cresson, Philadelphia, Penn., Oct, 7,1835..\\nGarret Shurte, Berrien County, Mich., March 21, 1837 80\\nGideon Allen, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 13, 1847 40\\nThomas M. N. Tinkler, Cass County, Mich., May 24, 1861 40\\nSkction 18.\\nLorenzo Jordan, Cass County, .Mich., Nov. 3, 1845 75\\nCatharine CluUom, Butler County, Dec. 6, 1851 120\\nSection 19.\\nLuther P. Blood, Livingston County, N. Y., May 18, 1836 200\\nTimothy B. Colton, Livingston County, N. Y., Dec. 3, 1836... 40\\nJohn S. Gage, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 15, 1847 40\\nArchibald Sewell, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 25, 1850 80\\nAmasa M. Worden, Berrien County, Feb. 4, 1861 75\\nEbenezer Gage, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 1, 1851 80\\n(Catharine Cullom, Butler County, Ohio, Dec. 6, 1851 40\\nSection 20.\\nJames P. Wiley, Huron County, Ohio, June 16, 1836 160\\nWilliam Townsend, Cass County, Mich., March 30, 183G 80\\nErastus Ingersoll, Geauga County, Ohio, April 29, 1836 80\\nWells H. Atwood, Geauga County, Ohio, May 18, 1836 160\\nLuther P. Blood, Livingston County, N. Y., May 18, 1836 40\\nAbijah Pierce, Livingston County, N. Y., May IS, 1836 120\\nSection 21.\\nGoodman Cresson, Philadelphia, Penn., Oct. 7, 1836 160\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich., May 9, 1836 160\\nSherwood Beers, New York City, May 12, 1836 320\\nSection 22.\\nHenry Barney, Jr., Oct. 20, 1836 160\\nAbram V. Huff, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 15, 1836 40\\nSherwood Beers, May 12, 1836 320\\nHorace Butler, May 20, 1836 120\\nSection 23.\\nJacob Hurtle, Hamilton County, Ohio, July 27, 1836 40\\nIsaac Thompson, Sept. 30, 1835 40\\nIsaac Thompson, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 7, 1836 40\\nBenjamin Thompson, Cass County, Mioh., Jan. 12,1836 40\\nJonathan Smitli, St. Joseph County, Nov. 6, 1836 80\\nAdolphusChapin, St. Joseph (bounty, Nov. 9, 1835 IfiO\\nHorace Butler, May 21, 1836 80\\nSherwood Beers, May 12, 1836 160\\nSection 24.\\nJoel C. Wright, Cass County, Mich., August 13, 1833 80\\nJoel C. Wright, Cass County, Mich., March 15, 1834 40\\nJoel C. Wright, Cass (bounty, Mich., March 18, 1836 40\\n(;ornelius Higgins, March 15, 1834 40\\nElijah W. Wright, March 15, 1834 40\\nFrederick Hurtle, Darke County, Ohio, March 19, 1834 40\\nWilliam Ferrel, Hamilton County, Ohio, Oct. 8, 1834\\nWilliam Ferrel, Hamilton County, Ohio, July 27, 1836 120\\nHorace Butler 80\\nRotnour Cook 120\\nIsaac Thompson 40\\nSection 25.\\nCornelius Higgins, Darke County, Ohio, Aug. 27, 1832 80\\nCornelius Higgins, Cass County, Mich., .March 15, 1834 80\\nDavid Huff, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 5, 1833 160\\nAdam Gunckel, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 27, 1833 80\\nJacob Hurtle, Hamilton County, Ohio, Oct. 8, 1834 4^^", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0485.jp2"}, "486": {"fulltext": "326\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHiaAN.\\nACRES.\\nwniiam Ferrel, Cass County, Mich., May 11, 1836 80\\nIsaac Waldron, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 3, 1836 80\\nBenjamin Sherman, St .Joseph County, Mich., Feb. 1, 1837.. 40\\nSection 26.\\nJesse Green, Preble County, Ohio, Aug. lo, 1838 160\\n.Tesse Green, Cass County, Mich., May 29, 1835 80\\nAlbert Warren, Cass County, Mich., May 27, 1836 160\\nJohn S. Hopkins, Tompkins County, X. Y., July 13, 1836 120\\nSarah B. .Stone, Norfolk, July 16, 1836 120\\nSection 27.\\nSherwood Beers, New York City, May 12, 1836 320\\nJohns. Hopkins, July 13, 1836 320\\nSection 28.\\nHenry Gee, Cass County, Mich., July 1, 1834 80\\nSherwood Bsers, New York, May 12, 1836 320\\nHorace Butler, May 20, 1836 80\\nAlex. H. Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 3, 1836 160\\nSection 29.\\nSamuel R. Henderson, Washington County, N. Y., Aug. 6,\\n1835 160\\nGoodman Cresson, Philadelphia, Penn., Oct. 7, 1835 320\\nWells H. Atwood, Genesee County, N. Y., May 18, 1836 80\\nWilliam R. Hall, Niagara County, N. Y., May 18, 1836 80\\nSectio.n 30.\\nGeorge Goodman, Philadelphia, Penn., Oct. 7, 1830 40\\nWilliam R. Hall, May 18, 1836 80\\nCook Rotnour, May 2(1, 1836 254\\nWilliam W. Loomis, Cass County, Mich., April 25, 1837 160\\nSophie Dufoe, Cass County, Mich., June 23, 1841 76\\nSection 31.\\nJames Thompson, Washington County, N. Y., Aug. 6, 1835... 80\\nEbenezer Broughton, Washington County, N. Y., Aug. 6, 1835. 80\\nGeorge Goodman, Oct. 7, 1835 40\\nJames Devoe, Berrien County, Mich., Not. 25, 1835 154\\n.Tames Husted, Cass County, Mich., April 23, 1836 75\\nNancy Ann Loomis, Berrien County, Mich., Jan. 30, 1837.... 80\\nWilliam W. Loomis, St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 30, 1837. 80\\nPhebe Loomis, St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 3(1, 1837 40\\nSection 32.\\nSamuel R. Henderson, Aug. 6, 1835 liiO\\nLyman A. Spalding, Niagara County, N. Y., April 21, 1836... 80\\nLyman A. Spalding, Niagara County, N. Y., May 10, 1836.... 240\\nHorace Butler, May 10, 1836 160\\nSection 33.\\nDennis Wright, Cass County, Mich., June 23, 1831 80\\nHorace Butler, Oneida County, N. Y., May 20, 1831 160\\nSilas Baldwin, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 3, 1836 160\\nErastus Trumbull, Jackson County, Mich., March 27, 1837.... 160\\nSamuel R. Henderson, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 2, 1837 80\\nSection 34.\\nJohn Lamm, Preble County, Ohio, Oct. 4, 1833 320\\nCharles Ellis, Cass County, Ohio, July 20, 1836 80\\nJohn Smith, Cass County, Ohio, July 20, 1836 80\\nZopha.- Mott, Calhoun County, Mich., Jan. 30, 1837 80\\nIsaac S. Bull, Cass County, Mich., April 12, 1845 40\\nSamuel K. Henderson, Cass County, Mich.. March 18, 1837.. 40\\nSection 35.\\nAOEES.\\nJosiah Johnson, Harrison County, Ohio, June 22, 1831 160\\nSamuel Squier, Butler County, Ohio, Sept. 27, 1833 80\\nSamuel Squier, Butler County, Ohio, March 1. 1834 80\\nJohn Tucker, Hamilton County, Ohio, July 27, 1835 80\\nAlbert Warren, Cass Connty, Mich., May 27, 1836 160\\nMyron Strong, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1836 80\\nHorace B. Dunning, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1836 80\\nSection 36.\\nJacob Zimmerman, Cass County, Mich., March 23, 1832 160\\nJacob Zimmerman, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 5, 1835 40\\nJohn Fox, Montgomery County, Ohio, Jan. 2, 1834 120\\nJohn Fox, Montgomery County, Ohio, June 25, 1835 40\\nJames Tyler, Cayuga County. N. Y., May 14, 1836 160\\nBenj. Sherman, St, Joseph County, May 14, 1836 80\\nBenj. Sherman, St. Joseph County, Mich., Feb. 1, 1837 40\\nAs nearly as it is possible to ascertain, the first\\nmarriage was that in which Elijah W. Wright and\\nMary Johnson were the contracting parties, and\\nAugust 11, 1836, the date of the wedding. The next\\ntook place November 20, 1836, between Isaac Huft\\nand Mary Shookman. Then Joseph Crane and Elsie\\nTietsort, March 2, 1837. After them came Abram\\nHuff and Mary Green, December 12, 1837 and,\\ntwo days later, December 14, 1837, George Newton\\nand Esther Green William Ferrel, Esq., officiated at\\nall the weddings. Thus even in the midst of the stern\\nrealities of pioneer life, it will be seen that Cupid was\\nat work.\\nPerhaps the first adult who died in Wayne, was\\nMrs. Elijah W. Wright, whose death occurred in\\nMarch, 1835.\\nCIVIL ORGANIZATION.\\nThe name of Wayne was suggested by Cornelius\\nHiggins, who was an admirer of Maj. Gen. Anthony\\nWayne. He was a distinguished officer in the Revo-\\nlutionary war, a man of unparalleled bravery and\\nled the forlorn hope in the attack upon Stony Point.\\nHis decisive victories over the hostile Indians of the\\nWest and Northwest, and the treaty of Greenville in\\n1795 put an end to all existing Indian disturbances.\\nFrom the organization of the county, in 1829, up to\\nthe year 1835, this township was included within the\\nlimits of the township of La Grange. An act of the\\nTerritorial Legislature, approved March 17, 1835, set\\nit off as a separate township. The first township\\nmeeting was held at the house of Elijah W. Wright,\\non the 6th day of April, 1S35.\\nThe principal officers of the township from 1835 to\\n1881, inclusive are given in the following list\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1835-36, Cornelius Higgins; 1837-38, Abraham\\nWeaver; 1839-40-41, County Commissioners; 1842,\\nAbram Weaver; 1843, Cj rus Gage; 1844-45,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0486.jp2"}, "487": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n327\\nJohn S. Gage; 1846, Joel C. Wright; 1847-48,\\nEbenezer Gage 1849-50, William G. Wiley 1851-\\n52-53, M. V. Hunter; 1854, John W. Trotter;\\n1855-56, Ebenezer Gage; 1857-58-59, Sylvanua\\nHenderson; 1860-61-62-63-64-65, Henry B.\\nWells; 1866-67-68-69, Israel Ball: 1870, William\\n0. Van Hise 1871, Francis 0. Van Antwerp 1872,\\nSamuel Johnson; 1873, Hiram H. Taylor; 1874,\\nHenry B. Wells; 1875-76, Samuel Johnson; 1877,\\nWesley Ely; 1878, Thaddeus Hampton; 1879, Frank\\nP. Lee: 18S0, Hiram Nowlin 18S1, Henry B.\\nWells.\\nCLERKS.\\n1835-36-37-38-39, Richard V. V. Crane 1840-\\n41, S. B. Clark 1842-43, R. V. V. Crane 1844,\\nJoseph Crane 1845, P. B. Gage 1846, Julius A.\\nBarney; 1847-48-49-50-51, R. V. V. Crane; 1852,\\nWilliam H. Hall 1853, J. J. Blauvelt 1854, Will-\\niam G. Wiley; 1855, A. S. Haskins 1856, Arthur\\nGraham; 1857, L. C. Howard; 1S58, A. Graham;\\n1859-60, Asa Huntington 1861-62, Jacob Sturr\\n1863, M. S. Cobb 1864-65, A. Huntington 1866,\\nL. C. Howard; 1867-68-69-70-71, Samuel John-\\nson; 1872-73-74-75-76, Charles H. Bigelow\\n1878, Ward H. Taylor 1879-80, John P. Fiero\\n1881, Frank Atwood.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1835, Elijah W. Wright 1836, Joseph Crane\\n1837-38, Joel C. Wright 1839, Abram Weaver\\n1840-41, Henry Barney, Jr.; 1842, William G. Wi-\\nley 1843, S. B. Cla/k 1844, Wells H. Atwood\\n1845-46, William Ferrel 1847, D. M. Heazlet\\n1848, Micajah Ludlow 1849, D. M. Heazlet 1850,\\nPhilo B. White; 1851-52-53-54-55-56, .James\\nKirkwood; 1857-58, Homer Wells; 1859, Henry B.\\nWells; 1860, Thomas N. M. Tinkler; 1861, James\\nKirkwood 1862, G. S. Bassett 1863, Henry C.\\nAllen; 1864, Willard Wells; 1865, W. Wells, Jr.\\n1866, G. W. Amsden 1867-68, P. B. White 1869,\\nRobert Carr; 1870, Orson H. Butrick; 1871, John\\nCrawford 1872, Alexander H. Mason 1873-74-\\n75-76, Wesley Ely; 1877, George W. Tinkler;\\n1879-80, George W. Hunter 1881, Theo. P. Bond.\\nEARLY STATISTICS.\\nThe assessment roll for the year 1836 contained\\nthe names of twenty -four resident tax -payers. The\\nnumber of acres owned and value, and the number\\nand kind of live stock, with values, are shown in the\\nfollowing statement\\nRichard V. V. Crane, 197 acres, $266 2 horses,\\n$80 4 head of cattle, $58 4 swine, $8. Total, $412.\\nTax, $4.12.\\nDavid Eck, 80 acres, $105 1 cow, $10 4 swine,\\n$8. Total, $123. Tax, $1.26.\\nAbram Weaver, 40 acres. $58 2 head cattle, $14\\n1 hog, $2. Total, $72. Tax, $0.72.\\nStephen Ball, 240 acres, $3.05 5 horses, $170\\n5 head of cattle, $67 8 swine, $16. Total, $538.\\nTax, $5.38.\\nJohn Shookman, 80 acres, $100 2 horses, $80\\n4 head of cattle, $30 4 swine, $8. Total, $223.\\nTax, $2.23.\\nEleazer Shookman, 80 acres, $100 2 horses, $100.\\nTotal, $200. Tax, $2.\\nElijah Wright, 80 acres, $125 1 horse, $40 2\\ncows, $20; 14 swine, $14. Total, $199. Tax, $199.\\nWilliam Ferrel, 120 acres, $160 2 horses, $75; 2\\nj 2 oxen, $90 2 swine, $2. Total, $327. Tax, $3.27.\\nFrederick Hurtle, 40 acres, $55 3 head of cattle,\\n$35 7 swine, $7. Total, $97. Tax, $0.99.\\nIsaac Thompson, 120 acres, $160 1 horse, $35; 11\\nhead of cattle, $120; 6 swine, $12. Total, $327.\\nTax, $3.27.\\nBenjamin Thompson, 40 acres, $55 1 cow, $10\\n4 swine, $5. Total, $70. Tax, $0.70.\\nJohn Cayse, 2 head of cattle, $30 5 swine, $8.\\nTotal, $38. Tax, $0.38.\\nJohn De Maranville, 160 acres, $225; 4 head of\\ncattle, $60 1 hog, $3. Total, $288. Tax, $2.88.\\nJames Kirkwood, 160 acres, $200 4 head of cattle,\\n$100. Total, $300. Tax, $3.\\nJoel C. Wright, 120 acres, $175 1 horse, $50 5\\nhead of cattle, $34 10 swine, $20. Total, $279.\\nTax, $2.79.\\nAbraham Huff, 40 acres, $50 1 hog. $3. Total.\\n$53. Tax, $0.53.\\nJoseph Van Sickle, 40 acres, $53. Total $53.\\nTax, $0.53.\\nCornelius Higgins, 200 acres, $275 4 horses, $170\\n7 head of cattle, $104 16 swine. $16. Total. $565.\\nI Tax, $5.65.\\nj Jacob Hurtle, 80 acres, $100 1 horse, $25 2 head\\nof cattle, $25; 2 swine, $2. Total, $162. Tax,\\n$1.62.\\nJesse Green, 240 acres, $825 3 horses, $90 14\\nhead of cattle, $106; 3 swine, $3. Total, $524.\\nTax, $5.24.\\nJosiah Johnson, 160 acres, $208 2 head of cattle,\\n$35; 7 hogs, $10. Total, $253. Tax, $2.53.\\nJacob Zimmerman, 200 acres, $276 1 horse, $30\\n6 head of cattle, $56; 7 swine, $14. Total, $370.\\nTax, $3.70.\\nDennis Wright,* 80 acres, $1,000 1 horse, $40\\n3 head of cattle, $50; 1 hog, $1. Total, $1,011.\\nTax, $10.11.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0487.jp2"}, "488": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nGeorge Laporte, 5 head of cattle, $58 6 swine,\\n$12. Total, $70. Tax, $0.70.\\nEARLY ROADS.\\nThe first highways remembered by the oldest set-\\ntler in Wayne were the trails used by the Indians in\\ntheir migrations to various points in the State. The\\nIndians rarely diverged from a straight line in follow-\\ning these trails, and always traveled in single file.\\nThe paths were so worn by constant use as to produce\\nin some localities depressions more than twelve inches\\nin depth. The most important trail passed through\\nthe township from the southwest to the northeast, and\\nwas called the Sac Trail. The line of this trail\\nwas very nearly followed by the State road from Niles\\nto Kalamazoo, making Twin Lakes, on Section 16\\nwest, at Henry Barney s, a point in the line. The\\nact authorizing this road was approved February 16,\\n1838. This road has been straightened through some\\nof the sections, but retains a portion of its original\\nroute. The Pokagon Little Prairie Ronde road\\npasses through the township in about the same course\\nas originally laid from Section 31, to Pickett s Cor-\\nners, between Sections 22 and 23, thence east into\\nVolinia.\\nIt was with much difficulty that good roads were\\nconstructed in certain localities in the township. The\\nyielding nature of the soil made it necessary to cordu-\\nroy the highways in many places, by which means\\nthey have been made not only passable, but in most\\ninstances they are in good condition. This is espe-\\ncially true of the road across Dowagiac Swamp, where\\nthe settlers thought it impossible to build one.\\nPrevious to 1887, the road to St. Joseph, then the\\nmarket or important outlet for this part of the State,\\nwas through Pokagon Township, thence by Berrien\\nSprings, or by a still more devious route, through Lit-\\ntle Prairie Ronde to Paw Paw, where the road inter-\\nsected the Territorial road, thus making ten or fifteen\\nmiles more travel than by a direct route across the\\nswamp into Silver Creek, and thence direct to St.\\nJoseph. As early as June, 1835, a committee was\\nappointed to examine and report upon two routes.\\nThe committee appointed from Volinia was Jacob\\nMorland, Jacob Charles, Jonathan Gard and James\\nNewton from Wayne, Elijah W. and Joel C. Wright\\nand William Ferrel. After two attempts by the com-\\nmittee at making a crossing, the matter rested until\\nthe spring of 1837, when a survey was made by John\\nWoolman, Sr., under the direction of John Barney, a\\npioneer of Silver Creek, and others.\\nThe Overseer of Highways, in opening the road,\\nmade some changes in the line of survey, and the\\nroad was finally established by common consent. Jo-\\nseph Crane, Elijah W. Wright and Albert Warren\\nwere Highway Commissioners at the time of the sur-\\nvey. The township had been divided into three\\nroad districts Nos. 1 and 2 comprised the eastern\\nhalf, and No. 3 the western half, of which Abram\\nV. Tietsort was the Overseer. In July, the in-\\nhabitants were warned out to work on the newly-\\nlaid road. Owing to the efforts of John Barney, the\\ncauseway was finished and the river bridged. The\\nhigh water in the river in the spring of 1838, made\\nthe bridge and causeway impassable, but that summer\\nthe road was repaired, a new bridge built, and the\\nroad was once more in a passable condition for wagons,\\nif not heavily loaded. The County Commissioners\\ngranted $50 toward the bridge, and the next year,\\n1839, authorized a tax of $100 to be laid on Silver\\nCreek, Wayne and Volinia, to further improve the\\nroad. The completion of the Michigan Central Rail-\\nroad, in 1848, diverted the trade from St. Joseph to\\nthe newly-created towns of Lawton, Decatur and\\nDowagiac. Three other roads were opened across the\\nswamp, and the first road then became an ordinary\\ntownship road.\\nSCHOOLS AND SCHOOLHOUSES.\\nConsiderable interest was manifested in educational\\nmatters by the pioneei s. The first schoolhouse in\\nthe township of Wayne, usually called the Higgins\\nSchoolhouse, was built in the fall of 1835, by the\\nvoluntary and united efforts of the early settlers living\\non either side of the line between the townships of\\nWayne and and Volinia, and was located on or near\\nthe northeast corner of Section 24. This schoolhouse\\nwas a rude structure of logs, with an open fire-place\\non one side, capable of containing any quantity of\\nwood. The desks were simply a shelf made of boards\\nfastened to the walls, with a slight inclination from\\nthe back to the front they occupied two sides of the\\nroom. The seats were of slabs, supported by stakes,\\nupon which the scholars could sit, facing either way,\\nas there were no backs. Hon. George Newton, of\\nVolinia, was the first teacher, in the winter of 1835-\\n36. He promised to teach the school if a schoolhouse\\ncould be built. The second teacher was a Mr. Hop-\\nkinson, in the winter of 1836-37. Mr. William Rig-\\ngins was the third teacher, in the winter of 1837-38.\\nThe fourth teacher was Justus Gage, in the winter of\\n1838-39. The township election for 1838 was held\\nApril 2, at which time the first School Inspectors\\nwere elected. They met on the 11th of April and or-\\nganized by electing Justus Gage, Chairman, and R.\\nV. Crane, Township Clerk, Clerk ex officio. They\\nthen proceeded to divide the township into nine school\\ndistricts. About 1840, a school was opened in an old", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0488.jp2"}, "489": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0489.jp2"}, "490": {"fulltext": "f i- Si", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0490.jp2"}, "491": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0491.jp2"}, "492": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0492.jp2"}, "493": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncooper shop belonging to James P. Wiley. John S.\\nGage was the first teacher, for which he received a\\nsalary of five shillings per day, board not included.\\nMr. Gage did not receive any money, but each per-\\nson in the district, liable to pay a tax, worked it out\\non Mr. Gage s land, by which he was enabled to break\\nup about ten acres. The second teacher was a Mr.\\nStephen Crow, who taught in the same building for\\nabout the same salary, board included. He was fol-\\nlowed by Miss Caroline Gage, afterward Mrs. Treat.\\nHer school room was in the old log house of Mr.\\nWiley, he having moved out of the old house into\\nthe new.\\nAt the annual meeting of the District No. in the\\nfall of 1842, measures were taken for building a school-\\nhouse of hewn logs and covered with a good shingle\\nroof; it was situated in Section 21. The school room\\nwas finished similar to the Higgins Schoolhouse, ex-\\ncept that it was warmed with a stove instead of a fire-\\nplace, which improvement gave another side for\\ndesks and seats. Miss Sarah Cook was the first teach-\\ner in the new building, in the winter of 1842-43, fol-\\nlowed by Marshall Hathaway, in the winter of 1844-\\n45 then by Mr. C. C. Morton, in the winter of 1846\\n-47. i\\nThree districts made reports in 1842, showing\\nthe books in use to be DaboU s Arithmetic, Olney s\\nand Woodbridge s Geographies, Murray s English\\nReader, Cobb s Juvenile Reader, and Cobb s and Web-\\nster s Spelling Books, Kirkham s Grammar, and Hales\\nHistory of the United States.\\nThe Glenwood Schoolhouse, in District No. 2,\\nchallenges admiration. It was erected in 1880, at a\\ncost of $1,100. The Gage Schoolhouse, situated in a\\nbeautiful grove on the east line of Section 20, is a i\\ncredit to District No. 4, on account of its size, comfort I\\nand convenience. In fact the township is well sup-\\nplied with school facilities, which redounds to its\\ncredit.\\nRELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS. i\\nThere were among the early settlers people of dif-\\nferent denominations, but the most friendly feelings\\nexisted between them, and the desire to enjoy the\\nprivileges of religious worship was above all denomi-\\nnational preference, and we find that their first meet-\\nings were held in common in the cabins of the settlers\\nand at the Higgins Schoolhouse.\\nThe first missionaries to go up and possess the\\nland, in 1837, were two Free-Will Baptist preachers\\nnamed Neely and Julian.\\nRev. Samuel L. Julian was a regular member of\\nthe Free-Will Baptist Church in Brookfield, N. H.,\\nand was ordained as a minister of the Gospel Novem-\\nber 6, 1833.\\nRev. Benjamin F. Neely was a member of the Free-\\nWill Baptist Church in Montpelier, Vt., and was or-\\ndained at Lisbon, N. H., June 14, 1835.\\nThe first Methodist class was organized about 1839,\\nby Rev. H. Van Order, with Charles Hull as class\\nleader.\\nAmong the members of this class were Charles\\nHull and wife, John Shookman and wife, Jacob Zim-\\nmerman and wife, Isaac Waldron and wife, Levi Hull\\nand wife, Peter Tietsort and wife, Isaac Thompson,\\nWilliam Ferrel, Arthur Graham and William Kirk-\\nwood.\\nThe first building erected by this society as a house\\nof worship, was a plain unpainted frame structure.\\nAfter being in service about twenty-eight years it\\nwas sold.\\nTheir present house of worship erected in 1872, at\\na cost of $2,400, is a commodious symmetrical frame\\nbuilding, thirty by forty feet, with a tower ten by ten\\nfeet, in which is the vestibule the tower is sur-\\nmounted by a spire and contains an excellent bell, pre-\\nsented by Mr. Woodward, of New York City. This\\nsociety was first incorporated September 15, 1860.\\nThe following persons were appointed as trustees of\\nthe M. E. Church at Wayne, called the Wayne\\nChapel. Joseph Sturr, Henry Palmer, Ezra Knapp,\\nJacob Sturr and A. G. HoUenbeck. It is included\\nin the Cassopolis Circuit, with Rev. E. L. Kellogg\\npreacher in charge.\\nThe pastors of Wayne Chapel have been Van Order,\\nJones, Shaw, Jakeways, Watson and Young. The\\npastor now in charge is Rev. W. L. Mathews. A\\nSabbath school is connected with the church; Clarence\\nChurchill is its present Superintendent.\\nIn December, 1839, Rev. Henry Worthington was\\nappointed to the Paw Paw charge. He was a mere\\nboy, not yet of age, but gifted with unusual ability.\\nHe came into the neighborhood as a missionary his\\nroute extended to St. Joseph his journey was made\\nby horseback. His first meeting at which the class\\nwas formed was held in a log schoolhouse in Silver\\nCreek, situated on what is now the Godfrey farm.\\nJoseph Spencer was chosen the first class-leader, and\\ncontinued to be leader nearly twenty years. The\\npreacher s appointments were for every two weeks,\\nand meetings were held in schoolhouse, cabin, or any\\nplace where two or three are gathered together.\\nThe society removed to Wayne in 1844, meetings\\nbeing held in a log schoolhouse, situated about\\neighty rods east of where the church edifice now\\nstands.\\nDuring Rev. Goodwell s ministry, there was a\\nrevival in the log schoolhouse, at which time a large\\nnumber joined the society. Rev. Joseph Jones held", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0493.jp2"}, "494": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\na series of meetings in the winter of 1860-61, at\\nwhich time more members were added. About this\\ntime the question of building a church was agitated,\\nand subscripcion papers were circulated for the pur-\\npose of raising the necessary funds. The legal incor-\\nporation of the society was consummated in 1861, as\\nfollows Joseph Jones, preacher in charge, appoint-\\ning Daniel Mott, Joseph Spencer, Freeman Spencer,\\nDaniel Roe Mott, Joseph Mott, Silas Pitcher, Wells\\nCarver, Sanford Wheelock and Samuel Filkins a\\nBoard of Trustees. At a subsequent meeting the fol-\\nlowing persons were appointed a Building Committee\\nJoseph Mott, Joseph Spencer, D. R. .Mott and\\nAndrew Kirkwood. When the spring opened, work\\non the church was commenced and in the fall a\\nneat frame building was completed, at a cost of\\n$2,000, all of which was promised at the day of dedi-\\ncation.\\nAmong those who have been pastors of the church\\nare the following Rev. Robert Watson, Rev. Thomas\\nMcCool, Rev. Goodwell, Rev. James Robinson,\\nRev. Joseph Jones, Rev. J. I. Buell, Rev. George\\nHoag, Rev. Miller, Rev. J. M. Richards. Rev.\\nGeorge A. Buell is the present minister.\\nIn consequence of removals and deaths, the mem-\\nbership has fallen off from sixty in 1861, to twenty-\\nfive in 1881.\\nA Sabbath school has been maintained since the\\norganization. The Superintendents have bten Joseph\\nSpencer, Daniel R. Mott, and the present Superinten-\\ndent is Mrs. Melissa Kirkwood.\\nIn March, 1874, the people of Glenwood and vicin-\\nity met and organized a church society with the fol-\\nlowing persons as members: Craigie Sharp, Oscar F.\\nHall and wife, W. Huff and wife, John Burns and\\nwife, Clinton Huff and wife, J. B. Laylin and wife,\\nCharles Laylin and wife, Alfred Turner and wife,\\nAbner Townsend and wife, John Andrews and wife,\\nM. D. L. McKeyes and wife, Mrs. Eben Copley,\\nCharles and Napoleon Copley and Catharine Wells.\\nThe incorporation of the society was at a later date,\\nas follows\\nAt a meeting of the Church of Christ, held at\\nGlenwood, September 29, 1874, the following per-\\nsons were chosen Trustees of the church Oscar F.\\nHall, Alfred H. Turner, Craigie Sharp, Josiah B.\\nLaylin, John W. Burns and M. D. L. McKeyes.\\nThe society have a house of worship which was\\nerected and inclosed by Craigie Sharp the interior\\nwork and finish was done by the society.\\nA Sunday school is connected with the church, of\\nwhich Charles B. Laylin is Superintendent.\\nThe pastors of this church have been Revs. Will-\\niam M. Roe, Myron B. Rawson and Henry Sigerfoos.\\nCEMETERIES.\\nA little spot is all they now require\\nFor their last resting place. There the green turf\\nMay grow, and flowers may bloom, and sun and rain\\n.May come, hut they will ne er have thought or care\\nFor them again. A stone, a single stone,\\nWill tell their humble names to passers-by\\nBut their best monuments will ever be\\nEngraven on the hearts of those who knew.\\nNor yet knew half their worth till they were gone.\\nThere are four burial-places in the township. That\\nin the northern part of the town on Section 4, is\\nknown as the Wilson Cemetery, and comprises about\\na half acre of ground. The Gage Cemetery is\\nsituated near the center of Section 20, and contains\\ntwo acres of land given by Justus Gage for this\\npurpose. The first person buried here was Mrs.\\nHungerford. A small burial-place is connected with\\nthe Wayne Chapel, in the eastern part of the town on\\nSection 24. There is a small burying-ground on Sec-\\ntion 26, the land for which was given by Philo B.\\nWhite. The first interment was that of the wife of\\nCol. Artemas Ellis.\\nVenice not the city of the sea with its canals,\\ngondolas and the Bridge of Sighs but a paper town\\nlaid out and on the banks of the South Dowagiae\\nCreek, and the only sighs were probably those of the\\nowner at his failure to found a city. This paper city\\nwas brought into existence August 6, 1836, by Or-\\nlando Crane, proprietor. It was situated in the south-\\nwest part of the township, where Dowagiae now stands.\\nIt occupied the whole southwest quarter of Section 31,\\nand contained 538 lots; each lot was 4x8 rods. There\\nwere two public squares, each sixteen rods square.\\nFront, Broad and Main streets were to be six rods\\nwide; Second. Fourth, Fifth, Cedar, Franklin,\\nWashington, Pearl and Walnut streets were four rods\\nin width.\\nThe building of a steam saw-mill in 1855, by\\nWorden k Foster, at Tietsort s Side-Track, was the\\nbeginning of a hamlet and post office, called Model\\nCity, which name was retained till 1874, when it was\\nchanged to Glenwood.\\nTietsort s, on the Michigan Central Railroad, was\\nknown in the early days of the railroad as a side tract,\\nthen as a signal station, and later, as a regular station\\nfor passengers and freight. A post office was estab-\\nlished here, known as Model City Post Office. In\\n1874, Craigie Sharp, Jr., and Thaddeus Hampton, of\\nWayne, and Edwin Barnum, of Paw Paw, laid out and\\nplatted at this point the village of Glenwood. It con-\\ntains one general store, one saw-mill, two blacksmith\\nshops, about twenty houses with a population of not\\nfar from 100, also a church of the denomination called", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0494.jp2"}, "495": {"fulltext": "r.e:side:K: e OF THE l^te e c. ta/ lor, v/ayne mich-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0495.jp2"}, "496": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0496.jp2"}, "497": {"fulltext": "History of cass county, Michigan.\\n331\\nDisciples. It is the only village wholly within the\\ntownship.\\nThe Wright saw-mill, located about two miles east\\nof Dowagiac, on the South Branch of the Dowagiac\\nCreek, was the first mill of any description in the\\ntownship of Wayne. It was built by Dennis Wright,\\nin 1834, on land bought of Government in 1831, and\\nlocated on Section 33. It changed hands several\\ntimes, and only stood about fifteen years.\\nBrick-making was commenced by Elijah W. and\\nJoel C. Wright, about two years after they came into\\nthe township, on the east end of the south half of the\\nnortheast quarter of Section 24. They only continued\\nin this business about three years.\\nThe first person to commence the business of mer-\\nchandising in Wayne was Jesse Green. He was\\nlicensed as a merchant July 27, 1835 his store was\\nin a log building adjoining his log cabin. He did not\\ncontinue long in the business.\\nThe first public house in the township was that\\nwhich was opened by McOmber, about 1836,\\nin his house, which stood on the line between Wayne\\nand Silver Creek, and now included in the corporate\\nlimits of Dowagiac. Calvin Hale kept a tavern about\\n1840, on what is now the Evans farm, about half a\\nmile east of Pickett s Corner. A man named Van\\nVranken succeeded Hale. Selah Pickett raised the\\nsign of a public house on his corners, and also had\\nthe post office. A man named Hatch kept tavern in\\nsame stand.\\nThe first post office was established in Wayne about\\n1839-40. It was kept at the house of Justus Gage,\\nhe being the only Postmaster until the ofiice was dis-\\ncontinued. Selah Pickett was Postmaster at Pickett s\\nCorners until it was removed two miles east and kept\\nin Volinia. When Model City Post Office was estab-\\nlished the first Postmaster was Amasa Worden next\\nWorden Wells, and succeeding him was Henry Crego.\\nWhen the name was changed to Glenwood, Craigie\\nbecame Postmaster, then Burns. Thaddeus\\nHampton is the present Postmaster.\\nThe first tannery was started in 1839, by S. B.\\nJ. Clark, on a little brook on the west half of the\\nnorthwest quarter of Section 11. The business was\\ncarried on about twenty-five years and then discon-\\ntinued.\\nGeorge May, the owner of a large tract of timber\\nland situated about three miles west of Tietsort s Sta-\\ntion, began getting out timber for the erection of a\\nsteam saw-mill at the station. While this work was\\ngoing on he conceived the idea of building a railroad to\\ntransport logs from his land to the saw-mill. Acting\\nupon his idea, he began work on the west end by get-\\nting out and laying down ties, upon which were fas-\\ntened wooden rails for the car to run on. After com-\\npleting a small portion of the road, he put a car upon\\nthe track to carry the ties and rails as the work pro-\\ngressed. About two miles of this road was built, and\\nthen work ceased for want of funds. The saw-mill\\nwas not completed for the same reason.\\nCraigie Sharp afterward built a plank road over\\nthe same route.\\nBIOGKAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nJ08EPH SPENCEK.\\nJoseph Spencer, one of the pioneers of Wayne,\\nwas born in Madison County, N. Y., August 27, 1811.\\nHis parents, Jacob and Anna Spencer, reared a fam-\\nily of ten children. He received an ordinary com-\\nmon school education, and in 1836 was married to\\nMiss Laura Foster, of his native county. The fol-\\nlowing year he emigrated to Michigan with his family,\\nwhich consisted of his wife and one child, and settled\\non the farm now occupied by his son Edward R., a\\nview of which is presented on another page. He re-\\nsided on this farm until his decease, which occurred\\nin February of 1881. He was a man of unquestioned\\nintegrity, and possessed of more than an ordinary\\namount of perseverance and industry. He detested\\nsimulation, and was a man of strong convictions. He\\nhad a heart full of sympathy for the weak and op-\\npressed, and his benevolence was proverbial an Aboli-\\ntionist of the old school, he did much in the anti-slavery\\ncause in its early days, when the name was a reproach.\\nHe was one of the founders of the North Wayne M.\\nE. Church, and was one of its prominent members\\nuntil his decease. He reared a family of five chil-\\ndren Francis, now Mrs. Hungerford, of Kansas\\nHelen, wife of J. M. Bell Edward R.; Mattie L.,\\nnow Mrs. Dr. Weed, and Emery J.; the latter died in\\n1857. Edward R. was born on the old homestead in\\nMarch, 1842. He received an academical education,\\nand was one of the brave boys in blue. He en-\\nlisted in the Nineteenth Michigan Infantry, and was\\nwith Sherman on his march to the sea; he was\\ncaptured in March of 1863, and confined in Libby\\nPrison, where he spent his twenty-first birthday. He\\nreturned to Wayne at the close of the war, and in\\n1866 was married to Miss Frances E., daughter of\\nEli Rich, of Decatur. Two children have been born\\nto them Fred E. and Beulah B. Mr. Spencer takes\\nan active interest in politics, and is a zealous Repub-\\nlican, a successful farmer, and in every way a worthy\\ncitizen.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0497.jp2"}, "498": {"fulltext": "332\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nRANSOM DOFF.\\nBy tracing the Dopp family back three genera-\\ntions, we find that the progenitor of the American\\nbranch came from Holland.\\nJohn and Permelia (Reynolds) Dopp, parents of\\nRansom, were both natives of New York State, where\\nthey were united in marriage, and where Ransom was\\nborn in Geneseo, Livingston County, November 10?\\n1828.\\nIn 1840, he accompanied his parents to Hillsdale,\\nin this State. The family consisted of eleven chil-\\ndren, and his parents being in moderate circumstances,\\nthe opportunities afforded him for advancement were\\nvery limited, and at the age of sixteen years started\\nout on the voyage of life on his own account as a\\nstage-driver, which was at this time the only public\\nconveyance for travelers. He was in the employ of\\nB. Humphrey Co. for between four and five years,\\nand then engaged in the livery business at Niles,\\nwhere he remained four years. He then ran a stage\\nline on his own account from Niles to South Bend,\\nMottville and La Porte for about three years, when he\\nremoved to his farm in Wayne, forty acres of which had\\nbeen purchased while residing at Hillsdale. He now\\ndevoted his whole attention to his chosen avocation,\\nand to his indomitable energy and perseverance can\\nbe attributed his remarkable success, which has far\\nexceeded his most sanguine expectations. His farm\\nof 1,400 acres is the largest in the county, and the\\nlarger portion of it is under a high state of cultiva-\\ntion, and he is acknowledged to be one of the most\\nsuccessful farmers in the county. On another page\\nwill be found a view of his home, which attests his\\nthrift and success. But few men have applied them-\\nselves more assiduously to business than he politics\\nhe has avoided, and his agricultural operations have\\nreceived his entire attention. In matters of educa-\\ntion, he has endeavored to give to others the advan-\\ntages that he was denied of, and for many years has\\nbeen a member of the school board.\\nIn July of 1848, he was married to Miss Jane,\\ndaughter of Samuel Barnhouse, a native of Virginia.\\nThey have been blessed with five children Willie,\\nLatecia, Louella, Augusta and Jane. Willie and\\nLatecia are dead.\\nGEORGE WHITBECK.\\nGeorge Whitbeck was born in Rensselaer County,\\nN. Y., November 29, 1820. He was the eldest of a\\nfamily of eight, the children of Peter G. and Dorathy\\n(Van Buno), who were of Holland descent. They\\nemigrated to this country on board the same vessel,\\nalthough not acquainted at that time. In 1842,\\nGeorge Whitbeck started out on the voyage of life,\\nfirst going to Western New York, against the advice\\nof his old employer, who presented him with $20,\\nwith which to return home when he made a failure\\nbut he little knew the material of which his young\\nemploye was composed, for he never had occasion to\\navail himself of the opportunity offered. In 1845, he\\naccompanied Mr. Gideon Allen to Cass County, and\\nworked for him three consecutive years, and then pur-\\nchased the land known as the E. 0. Taylor farm of\\nthe State at $4 per acre, making the first purchase in\\nthis section. Having made some improvemonts, this\\nwas disposed of to good advantage four months later,\\nand he then purchased forty acres of the farm on\\nwhich he now resides, and to which he has added from\\ntime to time as his means would admit, until he now\\nhas 330 acres of as good wheat land as can be found\\nin the county. It is known as the Five Oak Farm,\\nis under a high state of cultivation, and has fine farm\\nbuildings, as will be seen by an illustration on an-\\nother page. His success in life has been wholly due\\nto his own exertions, and shows that industry,\\neconomy and good management bring a sure reward.\\nIn political belief, Mr. Whitbeck is a Republican,\\nhis first Presidential vote being cast for Henry Clay.\\nHe has, however, devoted little attention to politics.\\nIn the fall of 1847, he was united in marriage with\\nMiss Jane Allen, who died in 1854. Three children\\nblessed their union, Charlotte, now Mrs. A. Berch\\nSarah, now Mrs. D. Blish and John A., who deceased\\nwhen a young man of great promise in 1872, in his\\ntwenty-second year. March 4, 1855, he was married\\nto Mrs. Maria Crossman, who was born in Broome\\nCounty, N. Y., February 21, 1830. Mr. Whitbeck\\ncommenced life with only a strong pair of hands and\\na robust constitution as his captial, and has not only\\nacquired a competency but attained a prominent posi-\\ntion among the successful farmers of Cass County.\\nADOLFHUS T. HARDENBROOK.\\nAdolphus T. Hardenbrook, one of the pioneers of\\nCass County, was born in the village of Lisbon, Md.,\\nin 1823. His parents were Samuel and Sarah Ann\\n(Bell). The elder Hardenbrook was a Virginian,\\nand was born in 1794 his wife was three years his\\njunior they reared a family of eight children, four\\nboys and four girls. In 1828, the family removed to\\nRichland County, Ohio, and in 1832 came to Cass\\nCounty, and settled in .the township of La Grange,\\nwhere they resided many years. The elder Harden-\\nbrook and his wife, however, died in Berrien County,\\nthe former in 1862, and the later in 185(3. At the\\nage of fourteen, Adolphus went to live with Hiram\\nJewell, of La Grange, with whom he remained until\\nhe had attained his twenty-first year. December 25,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0498.jp2"}, "499": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0499.jp2"}, "500": {"fulltext": "V^\\ny\\\\DOLPH JS HARDEJsfBF^OOby.\\nSILAS PITCHER-\\nMF^S. l/diA PITCHEf^.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0500.jp2"}, "501": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0501.jp2"}, "502": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0502.jp2"}, "503": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHlCrAN.\\n333\\n1879, at the age of twenty-seven, he was married to\\nMiss Margaret, daughter of Capt. Isaac Shurte, one\\nof the first settlers of the county. Mr. Hardenbrook\\nresided in La Grange until his removal to Wayne in\\n1861. He followed agricultural pursuits during his\\nlife time and was regarded as one of the successful\\nand progressive farmers of the county. He acquired\\na competency and endeared himself to a large circle\\nof friends by his kindness and liberality. He died in\\nWayne in December of 1880. His wife is still living\\non the farm which for so many years was his home.\\nThey had a family of twelve children Wallace M.,\\nMary A., Isaac S., Susan E., Martha E., Sarepta R.,\\nWilliam E., Ada Z., Francis E., Henry D., Azalia\\nD. and Iris E. Of the above, only two are now\\nliving, Azalia D. and Isaac S., the latter is living on\\nthe old place. He married Miss Josephine Gwilt in\\n1875.\\nEMERY O. TAYLOH.\\nEmery 0. Taylor was born in Rodman, Jefferson\\nCounty, N. Y., in 1S20. At the age of twelve, he\\nwas thrown upon his own resources, and commenced\\nlife as a farm hand. In 1836, he came to Michii^an\\nspent the summer in Calhoun County. He returned\\nin the fall of the year, and was engaged in farming\\nup to 1841, at which time he was married to Miss\\nSally L., daughter of Charles and Laura Parmenter,\\nof Adams, Jefferson County, N. Y. She was born in\\nRodman, Jefferson County, N. Y., in 1822. In 1844,\\nhe came to Michigan with his family, and in company\\nwith his brother, Rowland C, and settled in Hart-\\nford, Van Buren County, where he purchased a farm\\nthe following year. In 18.51, he changed his location\\nto the southern part of the county, and five years later\\ncame to Wayne and bought the farm where he resided\\nuntil his decease, which occurred in May of 1881.\\nMr. Taylor was an enei getic and successful farmer\\nand a worthy citizen in every respect. He identified\\nhimself with Wayne and its interests, and was re-\\ngarded by those who knew him best, as an honest\\nman, and a valuable friend. In Berrien County he\\nwas Justice of the Peace for eight years filled the\\noffice of Highway Commissioner. He left three chil-\\ndren Addie, Sanford G. and Herbert E.\\ndistrict school in winter. The elder Pitcher was a\\nnative of Switzerland, and came to this country a few\\nyears after the close of the Revolutionary war. He\\nstopped for a time in Philadelphia, where he followed\\nhis trade, that of a tailor, and where he was married.\\nHis wife was also from Switzerland, and, not having\\nthe money to pay her passage, was sold, in accordance\\nwith a custom of those days, to a Quaker, for a period\\nin which her services liquidated her indebtedness,\\nt hey removed to Ohio about 1800.\\nOn attaining his majority, Silas decided to come to\\nMichigan. He first stopped in Van Buren County,\\nwhere he remained until 1839, which is the date of\\nhis settlement in Wayne. He purchased a new farm,\\nwhich he improved and where he has since resided.\\nHe married Miss Lydia, daughter of Richard Holmes,\\nof Prairie Ronde, Kalamazoo Co. She was born May\\n2, 1826, in Ohio. They have reared a family of four,\\nthree of whom are living Cynthia (now Mrs. John\\nLilly), George W. and Allen R. Mrs. Lilly was born\\nFebruary 1, 1845 George W., July 4, 1847 and\\nAllen R., November 14, 1850. Mr. Pitcher is a\\nprominent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church,\\nand in many ways has identified himself with the\\nbest interests of Wayne.\\nL. C. HOWARD.\\nL. C. Howard was born in Jefferson County, N\\nY. His parents, Orrin and Sarah Howard, were\\nsturdy people and reared a family of nine children,\\nfive boys and four girls. The elder Howard was a me-\\nchanic, and to avail himself of the cheap lands of\\nMichigan, and to give his family the consequent ad-\\nvantages, emigrated with his family to Cass County\\nin 1834.\\nL. C. received a common school education, and\\nmarried Miss Clarinda Pickett in Wayne Township,\\nthey have one child, a daughter, Florence W. Mr.\\nHoward is a Republican, and both he and his wife\\nare exemplary members of the Congregational Church.\\nMr. Howard is a substantial farmer, and occupies a\\nprominent position among the citizens of his locality.\\nWe present on another page a view of his home.\\nSIJ.A8 .V. PITCHER.\\nSilas A. Pitcher was born in Pickaway County,\\nOhio, December 23, 1814. He was the youngest in\\nthe family of Fredrick Pitcher and Ann C. Her,\\nwhich consisted of six. When Silas was a babe, the\\nfamily removed to Hocking County, where he spent\\nhis youth like that of most farmer boys, alternating\\nthe summer s work upon the farm with a term at the\\nCHAPTER XXXII.\\nHOWARD.\\nFarly belief hi its Uiii rnrtiictiveiie8.s\u00e2\u0080\u0094 William Kirlf, tlii llrst Selller\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe .Scttleinenl, including Social Aimisemeiits\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Manulactur-\\nCIS\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I,ow Prices of Farm rroducts\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Characteristics of Pi(meer8\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nLand Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Poll List of IS37\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Yankees vs. Hooslers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 statistics\\nand Productions\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical.\\nWHEN the earliest emigrants came into Cass\\nCounty they first settled upon the prairies\\nand. when they were all occupied, selected the heavily", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0503.jp2"}, "504": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntimbered portions of the county, where an infinite\\namount of labor was required to bring it into cultiva-\\ntion, in preference to the oak openings, or barrens, as\\nthey were sometimes denominated, for they labored\\nunder the delusion that the soil was unproductive for\\nit, and its productions, differed from what they were\\naccustomed in their Eastern homes.\\nBeing impressed with this belief the first settlers of\\nPokagon expected Howard township would never be\\nsettled and that they would have it for a cattle range,\\nfor which purpose it was peculiarly adapted, owing to\\nthe existence of a certain kind of wild grass known\\nas barren grass, which attained a most luxuriant\\ngrowth all through the woods and afforded abundant sus-\\ntenance for troops of wild deer that ranged through the\\nforests which were unobstructed by small underbrush,\\nsuch as now can be found in great abundance, for the\\nannual fires kindled by the Indians for this purpose,\\nran through the woods each autumn destroying all\\nthe small vegetation.\\nAt this time it was a beautiful sight to look for a\\nlong distance under the leafy covering which was\\nclean and trim, with no fences, roads, or even track,\\nsave the deer paths and Indian trails, that meandered\\nthi-ough them to obstruct or break the view. At a\\nlater date in the stilly night, from some leafy covert,\\ncould occasionally be heard the lone howl of the wolf\\nor the growl of a bear as he went foraging through\\nthe cornfields or snuffing around the betterments for\\na pig. while the wily fox paid his nightly devours to\\nsome hen-roost.\\nThis township, however, possessed too many attrac-\\ntions to remain long without receiving the attention\\nof the adventuresome pioneers, who were at this\\nperiod flocking to this Western country by the thou-\\nsands, in search of homes.\\nAs near as can be ascertained the first settler in\\nthis township was William Kirk, a native of Virginia,\\nwho before coming here stopped for several years in\\nStillwater, Ind., and after disposing of his property\\nthere, removed to where Niles now is, and for a time\\noccupied the same house with Squire Thompson, but\\nthe two families not getting along amicably in one\\nsmall log-house, Mr. Kirk built a log cabin at the\\nfoot of the hill on the top of which Mr. Thompson\\nresided. Not long after, while out hunting for his\\ncattle, he found the spring on the farm now occupied\\nby Mr. John W. Tiramons, in Section 18, and true\\nto his Southern education, which was to locate near a\\nspring, regardless of roads or neighbors, he immedi\\nately decided to make it his home, and erected his log\\ncabin to which his family were removed far from those\\nwith whom they could have intercourse.\\nMr. Kirk fre(|uent!y told his son-in-law. Mr. II.\\nLamberton, now a resident of Section 19, that he\\nlived but a short time at Niles, and as Squire Thomp-\\nson moved to Pokagon in 1826, Mr. Kirk must have\\nremoved here as early, if not prior to this time, and\\ntherefore to him belongs the honor of first locating in\\nthis township, and performing the initial labors in\\nbehalf of civilization.\\nWhen coming here Mr. Kirk possessed $600,\\nsix yoke of oxen, ten cows and twenty hogs, and was\\ntherefore what might be called a wealthy pioneer, for\\nbut few possessed even enough money to enter their\\nland, and as for stock were entirely destitute of it.\\nNotwithstanding his start in this new country, when\\nthe land was placed in market, he did not possess\\nmoney enough to enter his, for it had been dissipated\\nin a large measure by extending the hospitalities of\\nhis home to every hunter, land looker, and specula-\\ntor who came his way, for in him was united pioneer\\nand Southern hospitality.\\nHe was what might be denominated a genuine\\nfrontiersman, kind and open-hearted, fond of fishing,\\nhunting and the wild woods and little did he care\\nfor his isolated condition, or for the fact that he was\\nobliged to go to Fort Wayne, Ind., to mill, and put\\nup with many other inconveniences. Thirty-two or\\nthirty-three years ago some of his stock was killed on\\nthe railroad, which then extended through this town-\\nship, and becoming piqued at the manifest unfairness\\nof the company in paying him for them, coupled with\\nthe fact that neighbors were getting inconveniently\\nnear, and the country too much developed to gratify\\nhis hunting proclivities, he disposed of his property\\nand again started westward, and did not stop until he\\nreached the Pacific Ocean, and located in Oregon,\\nwhere he died in March, 1881, at the ripe age of\\neighty-nine years. His wife still survives him.\\nIn 1830, Joseph Harter moved his family from Preble\\nCounty, Ohio, and settled on the farm now owned by\\nS. C. Thompson, and there remained until his death.\\nNone of his childrea now reside in the county. About\\n1833 or 1834, he built a saw-mill on a small stream\\non his farm, the first and only one in the township\\nrun by water-power, there being a few portable mills\\nof little note now in the township.\\nPeter Barnhart accompanied Joseph Harter to this\\ntownship, he then being a young man twenty-two years\\nof age. He worked for Mr. Harter about three years\\nand then commenced work on his own land, entered\\nby Mr. Harter for him in Section 8, and which he\\n.still retains, and the eighty acres has been increased\\nto lo3. Mr. Barnhart was drafted when the cele-\\nbrated Sauk war so frightened the people, and started\\nwith his neighbors for the seat of war, which it is need-\\nles.s to say they never reached, as will more fully be\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0504.jp2"}, "505": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n335\\nmade to appear in the general chapters of this work\\nto which the reader is referred for any item of interest\\npertaining to this township not treated of here.\\nPlenty of hard work and coarse fare was the lot of\\nMr. Barnhart in common with other pioneers in an\\nearly day, and the monotony of his existence was\\nvaried by dances at which he frequently officiated in\\nthe role of fiddler, receiving compensation then very\\nacceptable. His first wife, Catharine (Sink), by\\nwhom he had children, one still living, having\\ndeceased he married Lovina Brooks, who still survives.\\nAmong the early settlers was William Garwood, a\\nVirginian, who settled on Section 6, and remained\\nthere until his demise and cotemporaneous with\\nhim was I. W. Duckett, who entered land in Section\\n5, in 1829, and then removed to Section 2, but sub-\\nsequently disposed of his property and removed to\\nCalifornia.\\nJohn and Jacob Kinsey, with their families, ac-\\ncompanied with their widowed sister, Mrs. Sally\\nStoner and children, came to Howard in 1830, and\\nsettled on the farm now owned by Mr. J. V/ood, in Sec-\\ntion 18, and here made the first brick in the town-\\nship. .John K. remained here until his death, while\\nhis brother and sister removed to Valparaiso, Ind.,\\nwhere they remained until their deaths.\\nIsaiah Carberry, who was born in Mason County,\\nKy., in 1800, removed with his parents, when six\\nyears of age, to Brown County, Ohio, and although\\nwhile a resident of this State, engaged in manufactur-\\ning tobacco and whisky, never indulged in the free\\nuse of either. In 1831, he removed his family, con-\\nsisting of his wife, Susannah (Pickett), and two chil-\\ndren to Michigan with an ox team, and stopped for\\ntwo years near Beeson s Mill, in Berrien County,\\nwhere he built a log cabin, but in 1833 moved on the\\nfarm now owned by Thomas Moran, which he pur-\\nchased of Government and largely cleared up. After\\nseveral changes he, in 1840, moved on his present\\nfarm of eighty acres, which was purchased for $400,\\nwhen in a wild state. He is the father of five chil-\\ndren by his lirst wife, two of whom still survive and\\nare residents of California. It is largely due to as-\\nsistance of his second wife, Mrs. C. Kinsey, that his\\npresent farm has been cleared up and improved. She\\nis one of the pioneer women to whom the succeeding\\ngenerations are largely indebted, for her part, by no\\nmeans a light one, has been well done in connection\\nwith the arduous labors of pioneering. Their days of\\nhard labor were relieved by dances, at which Mr.\\nCarberry used frequently to preside as fiddler. The\\nsettlers, one and all, met on a common level at these\\ntimes and entered heartily into the festivities of the\\noccasion. These dances were most frequently held in\\nthe evening after logging, husking or quilting bees,\\nand the settlers were not particular as regards their\\ncostumes, homespun for the ladies and coarse boots\\nfor the men being plenty good enough to be consid-\\nered among the elite.\\nWilliam Young and his wife, Elizabeth (Christie),\\ncame to Howard Township in 1831 or 1832, and\\nlocated on Section 24. He was born in Vermont in\\n1796. Mr. Young was foully murdered December\\n16, 1879. His lifeless and charred remains were\\nfound lying in the old-fashioned open fire-place of the\\nhumble house in which he had, for twenty-five or\\nthirty years, with little exception, lived a solitary life.\\nThe affair caused quite an excitement. It was sup-\\nposed he had been murdered for a small sum of money,\\nsomething between -flOO and $200, which he was\\nknown to have had in his possession. This supposi-\\ntion was found to be correct, and William S. Hobart,\\non trial, was found guilty, and is now serving out a\\nlife sentence in the Michigan Penitentiary, in punish-\\nment for the crime. Mrs. Young died in 1868. wo\\ndescendants of these pioneers now reside in the county.\\nLorena C. (Messenger) in La Grange Township and\\nAnn (Curtis) in Howard. Robert C, Orrin S. and\\nNancy E. (Coates) are deceased.\\nJohn B. Tiramons came from Butler County, Ohio,\\nwith Squire Edwards, who settled in Pokagon, and\\nfor whom he worked, and after a time, purchased land\\nin Pokagon, and, after clearing up about twenty acres,\\nhe disposed of it, and in 1850 moved on the farm now\\nowned by Mrs. Berden, in Section 2, which was origi-\\nnally settled by three brothers Samuel, Robert and\\nWilliam Faries, who came from Middletown, Ohio, in\\n1834. Samuel and Robert ran a blacksmith and gun-\\nshop on this farm, and were skilled artisans. They\\nalso manufactured plows, and formed quite an im-\\nportant adjunct to the new settlement, for it ob-\\nviated the necessity of their going to Bertrand for this\\nclass of work, which, with the poor roads and slow\\nmethods of locomotion, usually by ox team, was quite\\na tax on the early settlers. Robert left the county\\nand ultimately located in Milwaukee, Wis. Samuel\\nreturned to Ohio where he deceased, and William\\nwent to the land of gold, California, where he also\\ndeceased.\\nJohn B. Timmons, before referred to, died in July,\\n1876, while his wife, Phebe (Faries) resides with her\\nson, John W., on the old William Kirk farm, which\\nis now supplied with good farm buildings. Another\\nson, George W., resides in Niles. Mrs. Elizabeth\\n(Parker), wife of John W., is a daughter of the pio-\\nneers, Albert and Lucinda Parker who, while Mrs.\\nParker lived, resided on the farm owned by her\\ngrandfather, Cyrus Mowry, who lied in 1861, his", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0505.jp2"}, "506": {"fulltext": "336\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nformer home being in the State of New York.\\nGrandma Mowry, as she was affectionately called,\\nused to relate to her children some of the incon-\\nveniences to which they were first subject, such as\\npounding their corn on a stump, and baking their\\ncorn-bread on a board before the fire.\\nIn 1834, James Coulter, accompanied by his father,\\ncame into this county from Clinton County, Ohio, j\\nbringing about one hundred and fifty head of milch\\ncows, which were disposed of to the settlers on advan-\\ntageous terms, and they then purchased 640 acres of\\nland of Government in this township. After a stay\\nof six months, they returned home. He soon came\\nback again and commenced the work of clearing his\\nfarm, and, in 1836, went to Ohio, and returned with\\nhis bride, Ann (Wilson), in a lumber wagon drawn by I\\nan ox-team, the journey occupying seventeen days.\\nThey moved into a humble log house in the woods,\\nand remained on this farm until his death, which oc-\\ncurred in 1874, and where his widow still resides.\\nShe recalls very vividly the time when, in order to\\nassist along in the household economy, she, in com-\\nmon with other pioneer mothers, manufactured cloth\\nfor family use, and did other work from which the\\nmodern farmer s wife is now exempt. They were\\nblessed with eight children, four of whom survive, as\\nfollows Margaret (Mrs. E. White), and William H., i\\nboth residents of this township, also Sarah A., who\\nlives with her mother, and John F., who lives in\\nFairmont, Neb.\\nWilliam H. Doane, a near neighbor of Mr. Coulter s, i\\nremoved from Greene County, N. Y., to Albany, and i\\ninto Michigan in 1835, with his brother, and stopped\\nat Niles, but could obtain no information regarding\\ndesirable fands from the people of this place, who\\nlooked upon them as land speculators, who at this\\ntime were not given a warm reception by actual set-\\ntlers, for they held land out of the market, thus re-\\ntarding the improvement of the country. But meeting\\na Capt. Stocking, he gave them minutes of some land,\\nand they entered 360 acres in this township, on a i\\nportion of which Mr. Doane now resides. With 1,000\\nfeet of lumber, he constructe l a place of abode, and\\nwith the exceptron of sixteen months, commencing in\\n1836, at which he worked at his trade, that of car- j\\npenter and joiner, in St. Joseph, he has been a resi-\\ndent of this township since coming here. In 1887,\\nhe went to New York and married Elizabeth Roberts,\\na native of Wales, who died in 1843, leaving two\\nchildren George and John, Jr. and, in 1844, he was\\nunited in wedlock to Miss L. A. Chase, and they are\\nthe parents of four children Emory C, Edward M.,\\nHerbert H. and Lilly M. As indication of the\\nscarcity of money. Mr. Doane dressed and sold a fine\\nroasting pig in Niles for 25 cents, and this was about\\nthe time that any one residing within a circumference\\nof from ten to fifteen miles were denominated neigh-\\nbors. He brought a stove into the township in 1837,\\nand it was for years known as Doane s Nigger,\\nand attracted much attention. As will be seen else-\\nwhere, Mr. Doane has taken a prominent part in\\ntownship aff airs.\\nProbably no one is more conversant with or has\\nbeen more prominently identified with the history of\\nHoward Township since 1835, than Ezekiel C.\\nSmith, who with his wife, Laura (Parmelee), came\\nfrom Hamburg, Erie Co., N. Y., to Michigan at this\\ntime. He was preceded by his father, Amasa, and\\nbrother Zenas. His mother, Candace, died here in\\n1836, and was interred in the Barren Lake Cemetery,\\nwhich land was donated for this purpose by Mr.\\nSmith. Amasa, after a stay of three years, removed\\nto Ohio, and from there to Iowa, where he died at the\\nadvanced age of ninety-one years. Zenus removed\\nto Kent county, which place he left and emigrated to\\nTennessee, because the railroad run through his farm,\\nwhich was an intrusion he could not brook.\\nMr. Smith had hardly become a resident of the\\ntownship before he was honored with the office of Jus-\\ntice of the Peace, which office he held for thirty-six\\nyears, and during this time has started about four\\nhundred couple on the matrimonial voyage of life, a\\nrecord in the marrying line few Justices can compete\\nwith.\\nAs Supervisor of his township in 1839, he intro-\\nduced and was instrumental in the passage of a reso-\\nlution for the payment of $20 bounty on every wolf\\nkilled, which, with the State bounty of $20, would,\\nin his opinion, make the business of wolf-hunting so\\nprofitable as to exterminate these pests, and his\\ntheory proved correct.\\nIn 1850, he represented his district in the State\\nLegislature, and has taken an active part in all the\\npublic interests of his township, and has the univer-\\nsal respect of all, for his upright manner and many\\nestimable qualities.\\nJanuary 11, 1882, he celebrated his golden wed-\\nding, and it is a quite remarkable fact that during\\nthis long period no death has occurred in his family,\\nor, as he pungently puts it, he has had meetings,\\ndances, debating societies, weddings, and in fact,\\nalmost everything in his house but a funeral. His\\nfamily consists of five children, as follows Ellen F.;\\nGeorge P., in Benton County, Mo.; Albert B., in\\nIowa and Julia L., now Mrs. J. Doane, in Porter\\nTownship; Jerome A., in McMinnville, Tenn.\\nJohn M. Reese was born in Shurban, New York\\nState, May 15, 1796. He married Angeline Mills\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0506.jp2"}, "507": {"fulltext": "JAfviES SHAv/.\\nJAMES SHAW.\\nThe Shaw family are of Welsh extraction. The\\nprogenitor of the American branch came from Wales\\nmany years ago, and settled in Stonington, Conn.,\\nand from there removed to Rensselaer County, N. Y.,\\nwhere they engaged in agricultural pursuits. Samuel\\nShaw, Sr., grandfather of James, was in the Revolu-\\ntionary war, and held a Lieutenant s commission.\\nJames Shaw was born in Berlin, Rensselaer Co.,\\nN. Y., February 28, 1813, and was reared on a farm,\\nreceiving a common-school education. He remained\\nwith his parents, Samuel, Jr., and Elizabeth Shaw, and\\nand assisted them on the farm until 1840, when he,\\naccompanied by his wife, Maria P. (Wheeler), to whom\\nhe was married March 2, 1839, started for the West j\\nto carve out for himself a home. He first purchased\\none hundred and sixty acres of land in Howard Town-\\nship, only twenty acres of which had been partially\\nprepared for cultivation, and commenced life, after the\\nmanner of all pioneers, in a log house. About twenty\\nyears subsequent, he disposed of this farm, intending\\nto go farther West, but eventually purchased the farm\\nin Howard on which he now resides. He has been\\nsuccessful in accumulating a competency, and is now\\nenjoying the fruits of a well-spent life. In politics,\\nhe has been a conservative Democrat, and has been\\nhonored with various township oflBces, including that\\nof Supervisor, to which position he was unanimously\\nelected for 1844, and again for 1846, his name being\\nplaced on the head of both the Democrat and Whig\\ntickets, which is a testimonial of appreciation worthy\\nthe man. He served as member of the State Legisla-\\nture in the sessions of 184.5 and 1847, and during the\\nlatter term was appointed Chairman of the Committee\\non Agriculture and Manufactures. As candidate\\nfor the Legislature in 1860, in a Republican district,\\nhe ran far ahead of his ticket. He was also candidate\\nfor the State Senate in 1868. He was frequently on\\nthe stump in important political campaigns, and was\\naccounted an efficient speaker. His public career has\\nbeen such as to gain the full confidence, not only of\\nhis political friends, but also those who opposed him,\\nfor he is a man who despises to engage in anything\\nunderhanded to accomplish his objects, he being scru-\\npulously honest.\\nHis first wife, who was born February 13, 1823,\\nhaving departed this life in November, 1860, leaving\\none child, A. J. Shaw, he married, December 21,\\n1868, Margaret E., daughter of James Dennison, who\\nwas a descendant of George Dennison, a Colonel in\\nthe war of 1812. Mrs. Shaw was born in Berlin, N.\\nY., February 24, 1829. They have no children.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0507.jp2"}, "508": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0508.jp2"}, "509": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHTOAN.\\n337\\nin 1820, who still survives and at the age of eighty\\nyears spun yarn on a big wheel for a pair of\\nstockings. In the spring of 1834, they moved to\\nNorthern Indiana, and three years later to Section\\n19, Milton, with a family of ten children. They en-\\ndured the hardships incident to a pioneer life. As a\\npensioner of the war of 1812, he drew it until his\\ndeath in July, 1876, his widow now receiving it. The\\nname of their children are Anna Maria, Jacob, Mar-\\ntha, Judson, Wade, Elisha M., Sarah A., Emaline\\nand Caroline, twins, Mary C. Esther, Rebeckah H.,\\nJohn M. and Lewis Cass.\\nJudson Wade Reese, who was born in New York\\nState in 1825, moved on his farm west of Barren\\nLake in 1849. He and his wife, Catharine M.,\\nwidow of Richard T. Heath and daughter of Samuel\\nWillard, have been blessed with two children Ann\\nAdell and Judd.\\nMaj. Henry Heath was born in Connecticut, De-\\ncember 1, 1780, from which place he moved on the\\nHolland purchase a few miles from Buffalo, N. Y.,\\nand in 1833 to Howard Township, and settled on Sec-\\ntion 29, with a family consisting of a wife and nine\\nchildren, as follows Henry O., who was a teacher\\nand Methodist preacher George, a blacksmith\\nRichard T., who was at one time a merchant in Cass-\\nopolis, and who performed a perilous journey through\\nthe wilderness to many of the wild cat banks of\\nthe State to get the so-called money redeemed;\\nCharles; Lucien, now a resident of California Giles;\\nAlbert, an attorney who held the office of Colonel\\nduring the war of the rebellion, and who, with his\\nbrother Lucien, are the only children living; two died\\nin infancy. Richard T., above mentioned, married\\nCatharine M. Willard in 1840, and moved on the farm\\nnow owned by Judson W. Reese. Their two children,\\nMary E. and George E., are both deceased.\\nSamuel Willard was born January 26, 1793, in\\nLancaster, Mass. In 179 4 he moved to New York\\nState, and after several changes and finally, in 1814,\\nto Erie County, which was his home until 1837, and\\nwhile here as a member of a militia company partici-\\npated in the battle of Oswego, in the war of 1812.\\nHe married Ann Abbott in February, 1822, and\\nin 1837 moved with his family to Howard Township,\\nhaving purchased eighty acres in Section 30. He\\nimproved this farm and remained on it until his death\\nMay 13, 1877, having been a resident of this town-\\nship forty years. His widow, Ann, who was born in\\nPhiladelphia, Penn., in 1803, now resides on the same\\nfarm on Yankee street, on which she moved in\\n1837.\\nThe year 1835 witnessed quite an influx of popula-\\ntion to Howard, for the erroneous tlieories regarding\\nthe barrenness of the soil had been by this time exploded,\\nand, having full faith in its future, George Fosdick laid\\nout a village of sixtyfour lots, which he named How-\\nardsville, on the farm now owned by Henry Pryen.\\nHe carried on the blacksmith trade in his embryo vil-\\nlage, and, in addition, made a specialty of jail locks,\\nwith which he furnished nearly all the jails in South-\\nwestern Michigan and Northern Indiana.\\nHis village never materalized and, disappointed in\\nhis aspirations, Mr. Fosdick disposed of his property\\nand moved to Indiana, where he deceased.\\nOnce the prices procured for produce was far from\\nremunerative, and Josiah Kinnison recalls the time\\nwhen he sold his first crop of corn after coming into\\nthe township in 1838, at 15 cents per bushel, and\\ndrew it to Berrien Center, while oats brought 10 and\\n12 cents. He in common with others drew wheat\\nto the mouth of the St. Joseph River, thirty miles\\ndistant, and received but 60 cents per bushel, and\\nit took three days to make the trip.\\nAs before indicated Mr. Kinnison and his wife Lydia\\n(Cook), came into the township in 1838, and located\\non the farm on which he now resides, paying $5 per\\nacre for it to speculators. Mrs. Kinnison is deceased,\\nas is also his second wife, Sabrey (Thomas). He has\\ntwo children now living. Mr. K. kept the first in-\\nfirmary in the county, at Edwardsburg, and never\\nhad more than six indigent persons under his care at\\none time.\\nIn 1837, W. Olmstead could have been seen start-\\ning from Ohio for Michigan, with his wife, Matilda,\\none child and all his worldly possessions stowed away\\nin a one-horse wagon. He spent that winter in How-\\nard, and then removed to Egypt, 111.; but thirty\\nmonths later moved on to his farm in Section 1, in no\\nbetter financial condition than when he first left it.\\nBut the forty acres has been increased to 312. He\\nis now living with his second wife. Electa (Dodds), his\\nfirst one having deceased. Of twelve children born\\nto them ten are living. Henry Houser, who deceased\\nin 1878, emigrated from Preble County, Ohio, in\\n1835, and settled upon and improved the farm now\\nowned by Martin Dunning in Pokogon, and was\\nprominently identified with the township,as will be seen\\nby the civil list.\\nMrs Mary (Brown) Houser, deceased in 1864, and\\nwas the mother of six children, viz.; S. M., farmer\\nin this township Michael, a resident of Berrien\\nCounty Eli, of St. Joseph County William, a mer-\\nchant in Dowagiac Mary, in Northern Michigan,\\nand Martha Jane, also a resident of Dowagiac.\\nWhen eleven years of age, Jerome Wood moved\\nfrom Batavia, N. Y., to Beardsley s Prairie with his\\nfather, Lyman D. Wood. They next became res!", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0509.jp2"}, "510": {"fulltext": "338\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ndents of Van Buren County, and then of St. Joseph\\nCounty. During his boyhood days in this then new\\ncountry, Mr. Wood became very much elated over a\\npair of buckskin pantaloons, which were the best his\\nparents could procure for him at that time. He also\\nrecalls the time when potatoes and salt constituted\\ntheir sole diet, whilejohnny cake was considered plenty\\ngood enough for all occasions. Some twenty-nine\\nyears ago, Mr. Jerome Wood and his wife, lantha\\nCorey, moved from Kalamazoo County to Silver Creek\\nTownship, and subsequently to their present home.\\nSection 6, in Howard. Kachal Corey, mother of\\nMrs. Wood, who has resided in Silver Creek Town-\\nship for the past twenty-five years, is probably the\\noldest person in the county, her age being ninety\\nyears.\\nAttracted by the many inducements of Michigan\\nin 1835, Henry Lamberton, then a young man,\\nstarted for this then Territory from Canada, to which\\nplace he had removed from Genesee County, N. Y.,\\nwith his parents and made it his home at Detroit,\\nGrand Rapids and Niles successively, and finally,\\nabout twenty-two years since, purchased his present\\nfarm in Section 19, when in a state of nature, and\\nhas improved it. His first wife, Lovina, was a\\ndaughter of William Kirk, the veteran pioneer, by\\nwhom he had six children and ten by his present wife,\\nLucinda (Kemp), and now has nine boys living.\\nJohn Blanchard came from New York State\\nwhen a young man, and lived for a few years at Niles,\\nand then, in about 1840, purchased his present farm\\nin Section .31, of William Collins, and, having erected\\na log house, he and his wife Ann (Dailey) moved on\\nand improved the land, and he has done his part in\\ndeveloping the country. They are the parents of ten\\nchildren, eight of whom are living.\\nThe residence of David White, in Section 16, on\\nwhich he mov^d some seventeen years since, is pleas-\\nantly located, near Barren Lake. He has been a\\nresident of that township since, 1864. In 1845,\\nWilliam Van Ness and his wife Arietta (Lee), came\\nfrom Erie County, N. Y., and lived with one of their\\nneighbors until their log cabin could be erected in\\nthe oak openings, and they in common with other\\nsettlers succumbed to the ravages of the ague. Mr.\\nVan Ness deceased in 1845, and the family were\\nkept together until arriving at manhood s estate by\\nhis widow who resides on the old homestead. Of\\ntheir children, R. L. is the present Treasui-er of\\nCass County Mary, now Mrs. Carlisle, in Milton,\\nand William and Carrie at home.\\nWhen four years of age, in 1835, J. Hanson came\\nfrom Johnstown, N. Y., with his parents, and settled\\nin Jefferson, and endured the usual privations of\\npioneer life. About fifteen years since, he and his\\nwife, Harriet (Lee), moved on their present farm in\\nSection 36, which is adorned with farm buildings,\\nwhich are a credit to the township. They are the\\nparents of three children Hettie, Lydia and Edward.\\nJames Shaw, although not moving into the county\\nuntil 1840, has done considerable pioneer work in\\nthe way of clearing and improving land, and the fine\\nrow of trees that embellish the farm of Mr. Root were\\nset out by him. His biography appears in another\\nplace.\\nJohn Bedford, the present Township Clerk, has\\nhad held this office since 1873. He is a native of\\nBoston, England, and settled in Pokagon in 1852,\\nand, one year subsequent, in Howard Township.\\nIn 1852, Amos C. Foot came from Mishawaka,\\nInd., and settled on the farm in Section 31, on which\\nhis son Andrew T. resides, which, at this period, was far\\nremoved from its original appearance by the hand of\\nthe pioneer. A. S. Foot has filled the oflBce of Justice\\nin this township. Among the early settlers in Ber-\\nrien County was William Nye, who, some forty-seven\\nyears since, emigrated from Ohio. He performed his\\nfull portion in removing the primal forests and fitting\\nthe land for the habitation of civilized man. He de-\\nceased in 1877, on the farm to which he moved some\\nten years since, and where now resides his son-in-law,\\nJ. P. Powers.\\nMr. Powers is a native of x\\\\ustria, from which\\ncountry he removed some twenty-six years since. His\\nhouse is situated part in this and part in Berrien\\nCounty, and by a removal from one side of the room\\nto another, they can change the county of their resi-\\ndence.\\nThe German race is further represented by Ernest\\nI. Reum, who, some twenty-five years since, settled\\non the farm where he now resides. He is a fair rep-\\nresentative of this frugal hard-working people, quite a\\nnumber of whom are now settling in this section of\\nthe county.\\nOne of the most prominent characteristics of the\\nold time was the universal hospitality and helpfulness\\nthat abounded everywhere. The latch string ran\\nthrough the door, and the belated traveler was sure of\\nentertainment at the first house. Everybody was\\nready to help in case of accident or sickness. The\\npioneers, many of whom have now passed away,\\nwill always live in the memories of their successors.\\nTheirs was a peaceful warfare against dame nature.\\nTheir banner was always a flag of truce, their trophies\\nthe fallen tree and burning log-heap, their reward, the\\nprosperity and happiness enjoyed by their descendants\\nto-day. In this work the wife and mother has done\\nher full share enduring privations without com-\\nJ", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0510.jp2"}, "511": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n339\\nplaint with a kindly greeting for the tired husband\\nand boy, and good words for the faint-hearted begin-\\nner or weary traveler, surely to her should be awarded\\nthe meed of praise.\\nThe following comprise a complete list of the orig-\\ninal land entries of the township\\nSection 1.\\nACRKS.\\n.Samuel Ellsworth, Cass County. Mich., May 8, 1848 40\\nNathan Robinson, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 18, 1843 40\\nA. ^mith, Cass County, Mich., May 1, 1833 73\\nR. 0. Salisbury, Cass County, Mich., April 8, 184. j 190\\nAmos Dow, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 27 and March 14, 183il 80\\nS. Bentley, Cass County, Mich., .\\\\pril 8, 1839 40\\nTheo. I. Lewis, Cass County, Mich., July 8, 1836 80\\nH. Salisbury, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 31, 37 and April 15,\\nl. 40 40\\nSection 2.\\n.Tames C. Faries, I ass County. Mich., .Ian. 28, 183.5. 40\\nR. Culver, Cass County, Mich., June 16, 18.35 80\\nN. C. Sanford, Litchfield County, Conn., June 2.5, 18-35 454\\nR. I. Faries. Cass County, Mich., July 3, 1835 40\\nSection\\nWilliam Baker, Jefferson County, N. V., Jan. 2, 1834 40\\nE. C. Smith, Erie County, X. V., June 18, 1835 80\\nN. C. Sanford, Lilch6eld County, Conn., June 25, 1835 186\\nDaniel Smith, Erie County, N. Y., July 13, 1835 80\\nJ. Garwood, Cass County, Mich., July 20. 1835 40\\nArchibald Clyborn, Cass County, Mich., July 23, 1835 40\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich,, March 14, 1836 40\\nR. Culver, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 15, 1837 40\\nSection 4.\\n.loseph Garwood, St. Joseph County, Nov. K, 1829 74\\nI. W. Duckelt, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 11, 1832 40\\nWilliam Northup, Erie County, N. Y., June 2, 1835 152\\nJ. Garwood, Cass County, Mich., July 13, 1835 160\\nHenry Harter, Preble County, Ohio, July 6, 1836 200\\nSection 5.\\nWilliam Garwood, Lenawee County, June 19, and .\\\\ug. 14,\\n1829 1.30\\nI. W. Duckett, Cass County, Mich., March 3, 30 and Feb. 22,\\n1833 194\\nWilliam Garwood, Cass County, .Mich,, Feb. 22, 1833 40\\nSebert Tnney, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 22, 1835 80\\nWilliam Garwood. Cass County, Mich., Jan. 31, 1837 40\\n1. W. Hicks, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 7, 18.53 40\\nSection li.\\nW. Garwood, Cass County, Mich., June 19, 29 and May 29,\\n1830 309\\nJesse Toney, Cass County, Mich., June 19 and 20, 1829 133\\nJohn Ray, Lenawee County, Mich., Oct. 6, 1829 70\\nJohn Kinsey, Cass County, Mich., March 11, 1830 75\\nBaldwin Jenkins, Cass Cjunty, .Mich., March 11, 1830 2\\nSection 7.\\nJohn Ritter, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 80\\nPeter Barnhart, Cass County, June 13, 1831 80\\nJohn Clark, Cass County, June 17, 1831 80\\nWilliam Garwood, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 26, 1831 80\\nC. Albright, Cass County, Mich., Aug., 27; Sept. 5, 30, Nov.\\n6, 1833 240\\nEdwards, New York City, Nov. 29, 1836 80\\nSection 8.\\n.Solomon Landis. Cass County, Mich April 13. 1830 80\\nJohn Hensey, Cass County, Mich., April 13, 1830 80\\nWilliam Morris, Cms County, Mich., May 11, 1830 80\\nJacob Kinsey, Cass County, .Mich., July 17, 1830 80\\nJoseph Barter, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 29. 1830 80\\nI. W. Duckett, f^ass County, Mich., Jan. 20, 1832 160\\nN. McCoy, Cass County, Mich., July 2, 1832 40\\nJoseph Harter, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 22, 1835 40\\nSection 9.\\nS. Stoner, Berrien Ouuty, Aug. 1, 1831 80\\nI. S. Bhymer, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 1, 1832 80\\nS. Kinsey, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 5, 1834 40\\nG. B. Fitch, Ontario County, N V., June 30, 1834 80\\nI. W. Bailey, Cass County, Mich., July 17, 1835 80\\nS. Waldo, Columbia County, N. Y., .Tuly 17, 1835 80\\nPeter Fraser, Cass ounty, Mich., July 14, 1835 80\\nS. Toney, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 16, 1836 80\\nG. B. Fitch, Cass County, Mich., .Tan. 23, 1835 80\\nSection 10.\\nE. C. Smith. Erie County, N. Y., June 18, 183.5 160\\nElmer Emmons, La Porte, Ind.. July 20, 1836 160\\nD. Parmley, Erie County, N. Y., Jan. 29, 1836 40\\nK. Barter, Preble County, Ohio, July, 6, 18.3i) 80\\nTho. Lewis, Cass County, Mich., July 23, 1836 40\\nE. T. Doane, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 25, 1837 80\\nSection 11.\\nS. Faries, Butler County, Ohio, Aug. 15, 1833, and Jan. 28,\\n1835 200\\nGeorge G. Doane, New Hanover, N. C. July 9, 1835 40\\nGeorge G. William H. Doane, New Hanover, N. C, .July 9,\\n1838 160\\nC. A. Fletcher, Chautauqua County, N. Y., Aug. 1. 1835 40\\nE. Culver, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 16, 1837 80\\nD. Smith, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 31, 1840 40\\nSection 12.\\nC. A. Parker, Berrien County, Feb. 18, 183 6 40\\nR. Haynes, Worcester, .Mass., Nov. .30, 1836 160\\nJ. Smith, ass County, Mich.. Jan. 31, 1837 40\\nJ. D. Dutton, Berrien County, Feb. 2 and 9, 1837 320\\nBenjamin Cooper, Cass County, Mich., March 25, 1837 40\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County. July 2.5, 1837 40\\nJohn Coulter, Clinton County, Ohio, July 13; Sept. 21. 1833,\\nand June 20, 1834 360\\nBenjamin Cook, Livingston County, N. Y., Oct. 19, 1835 80\\nC. A. Parker, Berrien County, Sept. 8, 1836 160\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County. July 25, 1837 40\\nSection 14.\\nJohn Coulter, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 20, 1834 80\\nThomas Doane, Jr., Berrien County, .July 9, 18i5 80\\nMatthew Doane, Berrien County, July 9, 1835 80\\nGeorge G. an 1 William H. Doane, New Hanover County, N.\\nC, July 9, LS.35 160\\nD. Parmele, Cass County, .Mich., July 29. 1835, and Feb. 5.\\n1836 120", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0511.jp2"}, "512": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nNathan McCoy, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 7, 1829 80\\nDaniel Partridge, Cass County, Mich., May 4, 1836 40\\nSection 15.\\nJohn Fosdick, Cass County, Mich., April 16, 1833 80\\nA. H. Owen. Monroe County, N. Y., July 8, 1834 40\\nL. C. Stafford, Erie County, X. Y., Oct. 4. 1834 120\\nKinney, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 15, 1835 80\\nCharles Butler, New York City. Oct. 21, 1835 40\\nNathan McCoy. Cass County. Mich., Nov. 7, 1835 40\\nCharles Campbell, Cass County. Mich., Dec. 2, *835 80\\nWilliam Maddox, Cass County, Mich., Jan. r,, 1836 40\\nJames B. Hebert, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 6, 1836 40\\nAustin Stocking, Berrien County, .\\\\pril 25, 1836 40\\nM. Germon, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 2, 1837 40\\nSection 17.\\nRichard Meek, Wayne County, Ind., March 11, 1830 160\\nJoseph Barter, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 29, 1830, and June\\n13, 1831 240\\nD. Partridge. Erie County, X. Y., April 9, 1835 80\\nJ. Selkrig. Berrien County, July 22. 1835 40\\nS. Ercanbrack, Berrien (^unty, Aug. 7, 1835 40\\nJames Selkrig. Berrien County, Aug. 21, 1835 80\\nSection 18.\\nThomas Phillips, Darke County, Ohio. June 27. 1829 160\\nS. Witter, Dnion County, Ind.. Oct. 6, 1829 80\\nWilliam Kerk. Cass County, Mich., May 31, 1880 82\\nJohn Pool, Jr., Wayne County. Ind., July 5, 1830 80\\nWilliam Morris, Cass County Mich., Nov. 29, 1830 80\\nDaniel Fisher, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 21, 1831 81\\nJohn McDanicls, Cass County, .Mich., Aug. 2, 1832 40\\nPeter Barnhart, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 2, 18-38 40\\nSection 19.\\nEli Ford, Cass County, Mich., May 31. 1830 80\\nTheo. Denniston. Cass County, Mich., Dec. 3, 1831 83\\nJohn Kinsey, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 1, 1831 80\\nDaniel Phillips, Cass County, Mich., April 16, 1833 40\\nDaniel Fisher, Cass County. Mich., Feb. 3, 1834 40\\nT. T. Lewis, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 12, 634 40\\nJ. A. Elliott. Litchfield County, Conn.. June 16, 1834 120\\nPeter Lyon, Ontario County, N. Y., June 24, 1834 125\\nNancy Nealy, Ontario County, N. Y., Nov. 14, 1835 40\\nSection 20.\\nC. Lewis and 0. Green, Ontario County. N. Y., Sept. 23, 1830 134\\nGeorge Fosdick, Berrien County, Feb 29, 1832 79\\nJonas Ribble. Cass County, .Mich., Nov. 14, 1832.. 120\\nE. Griswold, Berrien County, July 2, 1833 80\\nT. Husted, Otsego County, N. Y., Feb. 24, 1834 80\\nS. Bushnell. Madison County, N. Y., June 16, 1834 80\\nZenos Smith, Cass County, Mich., July 29, 1835 40\\nSection 21.\\nGeorge Fosdick, Berrien County, Feb. 29, 1832 64\\nCatharine Stewart, Berrien County, March 8, 1832 65\\nPeter Lyon, Ontario County. N. Y.. June 24, 1834 92\\n0. H. and M. E.Gallup, Hamilton County, Ohio, June 25,\\n1834 80\\nTaber Earle, Erie County, N. Y., Dec. 11, 1834 107\\nSally and F. L Bailey, Cass County, Mich., July 29, 1836... 40\\nC. K. Green, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 1, 1835 40\\n1 Sbctioh 22.\\nPeter Lyon, Ontario County, N. Y., June 24, 1834 160\\nTaber Earl, Erie County, N. Y., Dec. 11, 1834 80\\nCharles Butler, New York City, Oct. 21, 1835 80\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., April 21, 1836 80\\nD. Pattengell, Cass County, Mich., May 12, 1836 40\\nH. P. Voorhies, Montgomery County, N. Y., July 8, 1836 160\\nMitchell Germon, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 9, 1837 40\\n1 Section 23.\\nj William Sherwood, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 2, 1833 80\\nErastus Todd, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 2, 1833 160\\nPeter Lyon. Ontario County, N. Y., June 24, 1834 80\\nH. V. Voorhies, Montgomery County, N. Y., June 29, 1835... 240\\nFranklin Emerson, Cass County, Mich., July 16, 1835 40\\nCharles Butler, New York City. Oct. 21, 1835 40\\nSection 24.\\nWilliam Young, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 4, 1832 80\\nJ. Coulter, Ointon County, Ohio. July 13, 1833 40\\nH. P. Voorhies, Montgomery County, N. Y., June 29, 1835... 80\\nWilliam Young, Cass County, Mich., July 16, 1835 40\\nH. Rogers, April 23, 1836 40\\nN. Dumbottom, May 2, 1X36 240\\nGeorge Barter. Preble County, Ohio, July 16, 1836 120\\nSectio-n 25.\\nH. P. Voorhies, Montgomery County, N. Y.. June 29, 1835... 80\\nN. Dumbottom, Cass County, Mich., May 4, 1836 80\\nG. Lawrence, George Beach and William H Imlay, Onon-\\ndaga County, N^ Y., May 14, 1836 437\\nSection 26.\\nB. P. Voorhies, Montgomery Couuty, N. Y., June 29, 1835... 80\\nJohn Rush, Cass County, Mich., .July 2, 1835 40\\nLuther Chapin. Cass County, Mich., April 23, 1836 80\\nPeter Putman, Montgomery County, N. Y., May 7, 1836 400\\nE. L. Yates, Montgomery County, N. Y., Nov. 29. 1836 40\\nSection 27.\\nJohn Rush, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 16, 1834 120\\nD. H. and John S. Gallop, Cass County. Mich., July 2, 1835, 40\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County. Mich., Aug. 1, 1835 160\\nE. W. Sanford, Erie County, X. Y., Oct. 3, 183-5 80\\nCharles Butler, New York aty, Oct. 21, 18-35 40\\nT. Busied, Otsego County, N. Y., Oct. 29, 1835 40\\nT. Busted, Cass County, Mich., April 23, 1S36 40\\nT. T. Lewis, Cass County, Mich., July 23, 1K36 40\\nS. Bentley, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 12, 1846 40\\nSection 28.\\nBenry Heath, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 19, 1833 .50\\nB. B. Kercheval, Wayne County, Mich., Dec. 7, 1833 80\\nE. Winslow. Berrien County. Mich., Dec. 22, 1834 78\\nSmith, Erie County. N. Y., April 8 and July 16, 1835 80\\nW. W. Sanford, Erie County, X. Y., Oct. 3, 1835 40\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., Oct. 15. 183.) 40\\nCharles Butler, New York City, Oct. 21. 1835 80\\nX. Dumbottom, Xew York City, May 2, 1836 80\\nD. Goodwin, New York City, Nov. 30, 1835 \u00c2\u00bb0\\nSection 29.\\nC. Loomis and 0. Green, Ontario County, X. Y., Sept. 23,\\n1830 112\\nJ. Hussy. Erie County. N. Y., July .3, 1832 80\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0512.jp2"}, "513": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nJ. W., Wniiam W., E. F. and S. J. Bailey, Erie County, N. Y.,\\nFeb. 14, 1833 80\\nHenry Heath, Erie County, N. Y., June 25, 1833 320\\nSkctio.v 30.\\nA. Chapman, Windsor County, Vt., Sept. 16, 1831 8fi\\nJ. Pattengell, Erie County, N., Y., Oct. 1, 1831 80\\nT. T. Lewi.s. Herrien County, Mich., Feb. 13, 1833 40\\nE. Huntley, Erie County, N. Y., Sept. 28, 1833 80\\nJ. W. Abbott, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 3, 1833 40\\nJonathan Abbott, Cass County, Mich., May 27, 1834 40\\nD. W. Briggs, Berrien County, Mich., June 10, 1834 80\\nS. Chandler, Jr., Madison County, N. Y., June 16, 1834 80\\nR. C. Clark, Madison County, N. Y., June 16, 1834 80\\nVeler Lyon, Ontario County, N. Y., June 24, 1834 40\\nSection 31.\\nJohn Pattengell, Erie County, N. Y., Oct. 1, 1831 87\\nEzra Williams, Erie County, N. Y., April 9, 1832 80\\nZina Rhoades. Erie County, Sept. 28, 1833 160\\nJ. W. Abbott, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 3, 1833 40\\nN. Bacon, Berrien County, Mich., Oct. 7, 1833 87\\nJ. Abbott, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 21, 1834 40\\nWilliam C. Collins, Berrien County, Mich., June 24, 1834.... 80\\n0. Johnson, Erie County, N. Y., July 3, 18^4 80\\nSection 32.\\nJ. W,, William W., E. F. and 8. Bailey, Erie County, N. Y.,\\nFeb. 14, 1833 80\\nH. Albert, Jr., Erie County, N. Y., Sept. 28, 1833 160\\nJ. A. Elliott, Litchfield County, Conn., June 13, 1834 80\\nPeter Lyon, Ontario County, N. Y., Jan. 24, 1834 40\\nThomas Wheeler, Berrien County, Mich., Feb. 23, 1835 80\\nE. Huntley, Cass County, Mich July 10, 1835 40\\nS. Waldo, Columbia County, N. Y July 17, 1835 80\\nA. H. Frizelle, Greenup County, Ky., Feb. 11, 1837 80\\nSection 33.\\nA. I. Dunbir, Berrien County, Mich., Aug. 4, 1835 40\\nJohn H. Woods, (;a8s County, Mich., Aug. 4, 1835 40\\nJ. H. Heath, New York City, .Vug. 10, 1835 160\\nWilliam Morris, Cass County, Mich., March 5, 1836 80\\nJohn G. Bond, Berrien County, Mich., Feb. 4, 1837 40\\nGeorge and Charles Bond, Berrien County, Mich., Feb. 4,\\n1837 80\\nA. H. Frizelle, Greenup County, Ky., Feb. 11, 1837 200\\nSection 34.\\nGeorge McCoy. Cass County, Mich., June 17, 1831 80\\nGeorge McCoy. Cass County, Mich., Dec. 17, 1834 40\\nAustin Stocking, Columbia County, N. Y., Jan. 22, 1835 40\\nGeorge McCoy, Cass County, Mich., July 1, 1H35 80\\nSection 35.\\nH. P. Voorhies, Montgomery County, N. Y., June 23, 1835.. 320\\nPeter Putman, Montgomery County, N. Y., May 7, 1836 240\\nMary Smith, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 20, 1849 40\\nSection 30.\\nLeonard Kellogg, Nov. 10, 1835 40\\nWilliam Schneck, Herkimer County, N. Y., Nov. 10, 1835 40\\nHiram Rogers, Casa County, .Mich., April 23, 1836 840\\nGrove Laurence, George Beach, W. H. Imlay, Onondaga\\nCounty, N. Y.. May 14, 1836 280\\nH. Wilkinson, Cass County, Mich., July 20, 1836 40\\nThomas T. Lewis, Cass County, Mich., July 23, 1830 120 j\\nE. L. Yates, Montgomery County, N. Y., Nov. 29, 1830 80 j\\nHoward Township was organized by an act of the\\nTerritorial Legislature, approved March 7, 1834, and\\ntext of the enacting clause reads as follows All that\\npart of the county of Cass comprised in surveyed\\nTownship 7 south, in Range 1*3 west, be a town-\\nship, by the name of Howard, and the first town-\\nship meeting shall be held at the dwelling house of\\nJohn Fosdick, in said township.\\nThe early records of the township have been de-\\nstroyed, but the following comprises a\\nPOLL LIST.\\nfor the election held August 21 and 22, 1837 Ira\\nI Perkins, John W. Abbott, Jonathan Wells, 0. D. S.\\nGallup, Zenos Smith, Henry Heath, J. V. R. Per-\\nkins, Ezekiel C. Smith, Amasa Smith, Ephraim\\nHuntley, Joseph C. Teats, Ebner Emmons, Arthur\\nC. Blue, Charles Stephenson, Zina Rhodes, Na-\\nthaniel Dumboltom, Eli Rice, Jr., Daniel Partridge,\\nGurdon B. Fitch, Sylvenon Dumboltom, Calvin\\nKinney, Nathan McCoy, Henry L. Gould, Jonathan\\nE. Wells.\\nThis township was originally settled by Eastern\\npeople, all of whom were termed Yankees, irrespect-\\nive of what locality they were from, and Hoosiers,\\nand there existed, for a long time, quite a strife be-\\ntween the two factions as regards political preference,\\nand it was Yankee or Hoosier instead of\\nWhigs or Democrats, in their early elections, and at\\nfirst, the Hoosiers obtained the victory, but their con.\\nquests continued but a short time, for they were soon\\noutnumbered, and consequently outvoted by their op-\\nponents.\\nThis spirit of sectional differences existed in the\\nordinary affairs of life, and the young people did not\\ncommingle in their pleasures. The first one to break\\nthe lines of conservatism was William Weed, who\\nmarried Squire Thompson s daughter, and the old\\ngentleman entertained serious doubts about the expe-\\ndiency of the union, and when Ezekiel C. Smith repaired\\nto his house to perform the marriage ceremony, he\\ninquired, in a very solicitous tone Do you know\\nanything about this ere man that is going to marry\\nmy gal and he felt quite reconciled when assured\\nthat he was an exemplary young man, and would\\nmake a good husband. From this time on a better\\nfeeling pervaded, and soon a feeling of amity extended\\nover the entire population.\\nIn this connection it might be mentioned that in\\nall probability the marriage of Isaac Beehimer to Miss\\nPhillips, daughter of Thomas Phillips, in the fall of\\n1832, was the first one consummated in the township.\\nSquire Edwards performing the ceremony that\\nfastened the connubial knot. The settlers were early", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0513.jp2"}, "514": {"fulltext": "342\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nreminded of their future state by tlie death of Mrs.\\nMarrs, who died in 1832 or 1833, and this was the first\\ndeath that occurred in the township of which the his-\\ntorian can learn.\\nThe boundaries of Howard were surveyed by Will- i\\niam Brookfield, D. S., in 1827, and subdivisions com-\\npleted by him July 11, 1828, as per contract with\\nEdward Tiffin, Surveyor General of the United\\nStates.\\nThere are no streams of any consequence in the\\ntownship, but it possesses a remarkable lake which\\nwas formerly known as Lake Alone, from its isolated\\nsituation, no other lake being very near it. Its waters\\nare remarkably pure and soft, and as no surface\\nstreams empty into it, it must be supplied with under-\\nground springs. It has no outlet except an artificial\\none, for it is the base of the water supply of Niles, five\\nmiles distant, to which place water is conducted by\\nmeans of underground pipes. On the east bank of\\nBarren Lake as it is now called, is a hotel to which\\npleasure parties repair in the summer time.\\nIt is quite certain that this township has been the\\nsite of very severe battles fought by its aboriginal or\\nprehistoric inhabitants, for Mr. E. C. Smith, with the\\nassistance of his father and brother, made excavations\\nin a mound on the farm of R. Earl in 1835, and there\\nfound the skeletons of hundreds of warriors, who were\\nburied in a circle, with their heads all lying toward a\\ncommon center. Great clefts or cuts in the skulls of\\na large number was conclusive evidence of their hav-\\ning met a sudden death from blows inflicted with a\\ntomahawk, hatchet or similar sharp pointed instru-\\nments.\\nSome of the skeletons were charred by fire,\\nand it is possible that some of them met a horrible\\ndeath at the stake, after the manner of Indian war-\\nfare. But whether friend and foe met here and in-\\nterred their dead after a hard-fought battle, will never\\nbe known, for a blank page represents the unwritten\\nhistory of these early times and events.\\nIn 1833, William Young erected the first frame\\nbarn in the township, on Section 14, where it still\\nstands. George Fosdick probably constructed the\\nfirst farm house in the township, in Section 21, in\\n1835, which is still standing, while the first brick\\none was built by John Pettingill in Section 31, in\\n1842. About the latter date farmers began to erect\\nbetter buildings, and discard the rude log structures,\\nwhich had well served their time, and over the entire\\ntownship can be found fine farm buildings and culti-\\nvated fields, while the Indian trails and deer paths\\nhave given way to suitably constructed wagon roads,\\nand the old settlers and their descendants are enjoy-\\ning the results of many years of patient toil.\\n.STATISTICS AND PRODUCTIONS.\\nAlthough destitute of a village, or even a post\\noffice, Howard has a population of 974, and this pop-\\nulation is engaged in farming on 152 farms of 17,152\\nacres, 11,168 of which are improved. In 1879, there\\nwas raised upon 3,313 acres, 62,070 bushels of wheat,\\nwhich is an average of 18.74 bushels per acre from\\n2,171 acres planted to corn, 73,802 bushels were\\nhusked, while from 659 acres sown to oats, 15,838\\nbushels were thrashed. In 1880, there were owned in\\nthe township 519 head of horses, 815 head of cattle,\\n1,037 hogs, while in 1879, 1,888 sheep produced 8,-\\n843 pounds of wool. Apples and small fruits are\\nraised in abundance, and this showing contrasts\\nstrongly with the township when William Kirk first\\ndecided to make it his home.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThe first school in the northwestern portion of the\\ntownship was taught by Joseph Harter, in a discarded\\nlog house in the winter of 1833, and among the early\\nschool teachers was Fanny Bailey.\\nThe township now comprises seven whole and one\\nfractional districts, with 265 children between the\\nages of five and twenty years. District No. 1 has\\na brick schoolhouse, valued at $1,000, with a seating\\ncapacity of 56; No. 2, a frame building valued at\\n$900, seating capacity 60 No. 3, a frame building\\nvalued at $875, seating capacity 48 No. 4, a brick\\nbuilding valued at $100, seating capacity 40 No.\\n7, a frame building valued at $800, seating capacity\\n30 No. 8 (fractional) frame valued at $800, seating\\ncapacity 36; No. 10, frame valued at $600, seating\\ncapacity 50 No. 11, brick, value $700, seating ca-\\npacity 44. During the past school year, $558 was\\npaid male, and $1,012 female teachers. The town-\\nship has a library of 500 volumes.\\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nThe only church in the township is the Methodist\\nEpiscopal, which was organized by Rev. W. H. Samp-\\nson with six members, viz.: James and Ann Coulter,\\nDennis and Cynthia A. Parmalee, Eliza Smith and\\nElizabeth Young. In 1858, they built a house of\\nworship costing $1,300, called Coulter s Chapel, from\\nthe fact that the church lot was given by James Coul-\\nter, who also assisted liberally in its construction. It\\nnow has a membership of fifteen.\\nThe following comprises a list of tlie principal civil\\nofficers of the township\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1834, Samuel Mars; 1835, George Fosdick; 1836-\\n37, Henry Heath 1838, Thomas Glenn 1830-43,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0514.jp2"}, "515": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0515.jp2"}, "516": {"fulltext": "HeKKV /LDRICH-\\nf/lF?S.HEKR/ /LDF^ICH.\\n\u00c2\u00a3rL____,4\\nF^ESIDEj\\\\lCE OF H E]\\\\ f^V /LD F^ I C H, O/JTV/yX, JVIICH-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0516.jp2"}, "517": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n343\\nEzekiel C. Smith 1844, James Shaw 1845, Oscar\\nJones 1846, James Shaw 1847-48, J. N. Chip-\\nman 1849, Oscar Jones 1850, Elam Harter; 1851,\\nOscar Jones; 1852-53, Ezekiel C. Smith; 1854,\\nElam Harter 1855-56, Ezekiel C. Smith 1857-58,\\nBenjamin Cooper, Jr.; 1859, William Curtis 1860,\\nEzekiel C. Smith; 1861-70, William H. Doane;\\n1871-74, H. S. Hadsell; 1875-76, Benjamin 0.\\nVary 1877, William H. Doane 1878-79, Walton\\nW. Harder; 1880-81, Asher J. Shaw.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1836, Joseph H. Abbott 1837, S. Dumbolton\\n1839-42, James Coulter 1843, William H. Doane,\\n1844-55, H. D. Gallup 1856-58, Perry P. Perkins;\\n1859-60, James G. Willard; 1861-62, Alexander\\nCooper 1863-64, T. C. Raridan 1865-66, Samuel\\nUllery; 1867-68, John Dwan; 1868-70, E. Blanch-\\nard; 1871-72, Walter W. Harder; 1873, D. P. j\\nGarberich (Garberich deceased in November, 1873,\\nand W. H. Doane appointed) 1874, Walter H. Har-\\nder 1875-76, Elbridge T. Reed 1877, Nelson K.\\nAllen (resigned, and G. G. Huntley appointed) 1878,\\nG. G. Huntley; 1879-80, E. Monhan; 1881, J.\\nW. Timmons.\\nCLERKS.\\n1834-36, Peter Eraser 1837, Z. Smith 1838, J.\\nW. Abbott; 1839, Z. Smith; 1840-41, A. S. Cook;\\n1842, David M. Howell 1843-47, Richard T. Heath\\n1848, Robert N. Peebles 1849, John M. Peebles\\n1850, Thomas H. Huston 1851-54, John L. Schell;\\n1855-59, Thomas H. Huston 1860-65, James A.\\nCollins; 1866-68, Perry P. Perkins; 1869, Jacob\\nKeller; 1870-73, J. G. Van Evera 1873-81, John\\nBedford, Jr.\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\n1836, Henry Heath, Oliver S. Gallup, Ephraim\\nHuntley, E. C. Smith 1837, E. C. Smith, Charles\\nCampbell 1838, W. H. Doane 1839, Thomas T.\\nLewis, Z. Smith; 1840, E. C. Smith, S. Toney\\n1841, David M. Howell, Isaiah Carberry 1842, W.\\nH. Doane 1843, John L. Schell, Isaiah Carberry\\n1844, Oliver D. S. Gallup, E. C. Smith 1845, J.\\nL. Schell 1846, 0. D. S. Gallup 1847, James S.\\nNeedham 1848, Oscar Jones 1849, E. C. Smith\\n1850, Isaiah Carberry 1851, Elam Hunter 1852,\\nOscar Jones 1853, E. C. Smith 1854, Isaiah Car-\\nberry 1855, M. Van Ness; 1856, E. C. Smith;\\n1858, Isaiah Carberry, W. H. Doane 1859, Isaiah\\nCarberry 1860, E. C. Smith, John A. Snodgrass\\n1861, W. H. Doane 1862, H. S. Hadsell 1863,\\nSamuel Ullery 1864, E. C. Smith 1865, W. H.\\nDoane 1866, Henry N. Cameron 1867, Hiram H.\\nHinchman 1868, E. C. Smith 1869, W. H. Doane,\\nSamuel Ullery 1870, John Dwan 1871, Andrew\\nT. Fort; 1872, Jerome A. Smith; 1873, W. H.\\nDoane; 1874, John Dwan, Asher J. Shaw; 1875,\\nW. H. Doane, H. N. Cameron, Almon Gott 1876,\\nJerome A. Smith 1877, B. 0. Vary 1878, Henry\\nN. Cameron 1879, Alexander Cooper, Henry N.\\nCameron, Almon Gott; 1880, Alexander Cooper;\\n1881, B. 0. Vary.\\nCHAPTER XXXIII.\\nMILTON.\\nBeardsley s I raiiie and the Towusliip lu Ye Olilen Times \u00e2\u0080\u0094First\\nSettlers and Early Settlement\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Laud Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Erection of Town-\\nship\u00e2\u0080\u0094Soil and Products\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious Organizations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 c ivil\\nList\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical.\\nTHE early history of Milton and Ontwa are so in-\\ntimately connected that it is with difficulty they\\ncan be appropriately separated together they form\\none harmonious entirety, for, from Edwardsburg, which\\nwas the first stopping-place of the early settlers, they\\nnaturally radiated into the surrounding country, and\\nthe boundaries of this township, lying so close to\\nEdwardsburg, its attractive landscape did not fail to\\narrest the attention of the adventurous pioneer, who\\nwere not slow to avail themselves of the broad acres\\nlaid out so temptingly before them, which invited cul-\\ntivation.\\nA goodly portion of Beardsley s Prairie being in\\nthis township, it enabled the pioneers to reap almost\\nimmediate returns for the labor bestowed in cultivating\\nits surface, while the luxuriant herbage afforded suste-\\nnance for the stock brought in at this early period, so\\nthat although their methods of living were necessarily\\nvery primative, they never lacked for the absolute\\nnecessities of life.\\nAccording to the belief of numerous parties, and\\nthey certainly have excellent reasons for it, John\\nHudson, who came from Ohio, was the first settler in\\nthis township, and he located on the farm now owned\\nby Allen Dunning, Jr., in Section 11, which was pur-\\nchased by his father in 1836. Hudson purchased this\\nland, eighty acres, of the United States Government,\\nNovember 26, 1830, and after disposing of the same,\\nreturned to his former home in Ohio, with his love\\nfor pioneer life thoroughly satiated. Others think\\nthat to J. Melville belongs the credit of having first\\nlocated in the township, and on the land now owned\\nby Mrs. A. Jennings, in Section 24, and which he\\npurchased of the United States Government Septem-\\nber 24, 1829. He certainly can claim priority of\\npurchase. Melville was a native Scotchman, and a\\na blacksmith by trade, although he never plied this\\navocation in his pioneer home except in his own behalf", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0517.jp2"}, "518": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nor to meet the pressing necessities of a neighbor, when\\nhis knowledge of the art possessed by mythological\\nVulcan proved most acceptable. Like many of those\\nwho first plowed the virgin soil, he moved away, as\\nemigrants began to pour in and fill up the county, and\\nwhere he passed the final years of his life cannot be\\nascertained. Among those who first settled in this\\ntownship was Cannon Smith, who was born in the\\nState of Delaware, and started for the West from the\\ncounty of Sussex, that State, in the summer of 1828.\\nAt this period railroads were unknown in this county,\\nand they started on their long journey toward the\\nsetting sun with his family, except Mrs. Smith, closely\\nstowed away in the capacious wagon, which also con-\\ntained all their worldly goods. Mrs. Smith performed\\nthe journey in a covered two-wheeled gig. While en\\nroute, he stopped for one month in Delaware County,\\nOhio, where he visited a brother, and there received in-\\nformation which caused him to make Cass County the\\nterminal point of his journey. He reached Edwards-\\nburg October 11, 1828, which was on the eleventh\\nbirthday of Wesley, one of his sons. He made Ed-\\nwardsburg his home until the spring of 1831, pursuing\\nthe avocation of farming in the meantime, at one\\ntime, working the farm of the famous old pioneer\\nEzra Beardsley. November 8, 1829, he purchased his\\nland 160 acres in Section 14, this township, but\\ndid not move on the same until the spring of 1831,\\nand then into the first frame house built in the town-\\nship, erected by himself, in the interim. One peculiar-\\nity regarding this house was the unique manner in which\\nthe lumber for its erection was prepared, the tools con-\\nsisting of an ax, draw-shave, hammer and auger.\\nAfter the trees had been felled and split, and hewn\\nout into siding as nearly as possible, the draw shave\\nwas brought into requisition, and the furnishing labor\\nperformed with it. The studding and braces were split\\nout like fence-rails, and then laboriously smoothed on\\none side to an even surface. The frame was fastened\\ntogether with wooden pins, and the roof consisted of\\nshakes, held down with poles. Altogether, it was\\na most ingeniously constructed house, and shows that\\nwhen necessity required, the hardy pioneer was equal\\nto any emergency. In this house was entertained,\\nand free of expense, a large number of emigrants as\\nthey came in the country, while erecting a log cabin\\nto shelter them, and the hospitable board was ever\\nspread for the stranger as they passed into or west-\\nward through the county. Reverberating through\\nthe house could many times have been heard\\nhymns of praise, as sung by worshipers gathered\\nthere to hear the word of life proclaimed by some\\nminister of the Gospel. Mr. Smith was a devout\\nMethodist, but his religion was broad and liberal\\nenough to include those of other denominations, and his\\nhouse was considered the home of the ministers of all\\ncreeds. Money, at this time, was diflBcult to obtain,\\nand in order to secure enough to meet the second pay-\\nment on his farm, Mr. Smith journeyed on foot to and\\nfrom the State of Delaware, an undertaking from\\nwhich the most enterprising young farmer of to-day\\nwould shrink from performing. Mr. Smith died in\\n1843, and his wife, Charlotte (Handy), in 1872. His\\nfamily consisted of ten children, of whom John H.\\nand Elizabeth are in Indiana George, Kittura and\\nHenry, deceased; Emeline in Milton Mary (Mrs.\\nWooster) in Milton, while Wesley and Cannon reside\\non the old farm, the latter occupying the old home-\\nstead.\\nIn those halcyon days the name of Peter Truitt\\nwas familiar to all, he being a very active energetic\\nbusiness man, who emigrated from his birthplace in\\nSussex County, June 17, 1831, his journey taking\\nforty-four days. He first sold goods at Bertrand, but\\nsoon brought them to Milton Township, where he\\nopened up the first stock of goods brought in the\\ntownship, and almost simultaneously commenced keep-\\ning a tavern, where for years he did the honor of\\nmine host to all who had occasion to 3top at the\\nWhite Oak Tree Tavern, which was the name by\\nwhich his tavern was designated by many, because\\nof a monstrous white oak tree that grew near it,\\nwhich about fifteen feet from the ground threw out\\nthree immense branches, one to the north and alter-\\nnately above it one to the south and to the east, as if\\nwelcoming all from these directions to the entertain-\\nment to be found, almost beneath its wide-spreading\\nbranches.\\nMr. Truitt was married four times, first to Mary\\n(Simpler), who died in Delaware, and by whom he\\nhad five children, viz.: John M., who married Ann\\nEliza Carpenter, and now resides in Edwardsburg;\\nElizabeth C. (Mrs. J. Tittle), and Henry P. and\\nDavid T., who are farmers in Milton, and Eliaa S.\\n(deceased). Elizabeth McKnitt, whom he also mar-\\nried in Delaware, was his second wife, and by whom\\nhe had two children Mary Jane (Mrs. J. Butts), in\\nMilton, and Esther Ann (Mrs. J. Griffith), in Green-\\nville, Mich. His third consort was Deborah McKnitt,\\nand of the fruits of this marriage there is but one\\nchild living Mr. James M. Truitt, who resides in\\nMilton. By his fourth wife, Mrs. Sarah McKnitt, he\\nhad no children. Mr. Truitt was born February 7,\\n1801, and resided on the fiirra he purchased so many\\nyears before, until his death December 5, 1881. Pre-\\nvious to his death, his health was very poor, and mind\\nconsiderably shattered, but should one ask him any-\\nthing regarding his religious experiences, he would be", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0518.jp2"}, "519": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUiNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n345\\nfound bright on this subject, for he was an active\\nMethodist, and identified himself with this denomina-\\ntion when there were but ten members in the congre-\\ngation, and has been ever since a zealous supporter of\\nthe cause, and it is a remarkable fact that when all\\nthings sublunary had almost faded from his mind,\\nhis knowledge of spiritual aff.iirs continued bright\\nand clear like an oasis in the sandy desert, until his\\ndeath.\\nSpencer Williams accompanied Peter Truitt when\\nhe came to this county, and for several years subse-\\nquent to his arrival worked for him by the month,\\nuntil by a systematic course of saving, the wages paid\\nbeing quite small, he was enabled to purchase eighty\\nacres of land, which was improved, and added to from\\ntime to time, until he possessed a fine farm. He, in\\ncommon with others, had many discouragements, and\\nalthough they might be considered trivial, assume im-\\nportance in proportion to the surrounding circum-\\nstances, as was the case when he possessed but $27, and\\nloaned one-half, which he never received, and had the\\nbalance stolen at another time, his season s labor was\\ndestroyed in a few hours by the flames burning up a\\nlarge quantity of prairie hay he had made. Mr.\\nWilliams death occurred in 1877, and that of his wife\\nSarah (Smith), in 1881. Eight children survive them\\nJohn H., the eldest, being in Jefferson George\\nW., a farmer in Milton, while the old farm is con\\nducted by Amos, and with whom reside Mary and\\nLarrenia, his sisters. Eliza (Mrs. Crittenden) is a\\nresident of Howell, this State, as is also her brother\\nSamuel, while Eunice (now Mrs Clark) constitute the\\nbalance of this family.\\nJ. Morris, J. Melville and J. Hathaway came in\\nthis township together in March, 1829, and neighbors\\nbeing almost an unknown quantity, formed quite a\\nnucleus for a settlement, but the first two named did\\nnot remain many years before going to Indiana, where,\\nsurrounded by the thick woods, they continued their\\npioneer life. Mr. Morris possessed a fife upon which\\nhe delighted to play, and thus was enabled to while\\naway what would otherwise have been some very\\ntedious hours, while at the same time it afforded\\namusement for others.\\nThe State of Delaware paid tribute to this section\\nof the county by way of sending her noble sons and\\ndaughters, who came in such numbers and settled so\\nnearly together that it was known as the Delaware\\nsettlement. They have been amply repaid for emi-\\ngrating to this section, as the finely cultivated forms\\nin their possession and that of their descendants\\nplainly indicate. Edward Shanahan was a native of\\nDelaware, the year 1806 being the date of his birth.\\nIn 1832, he came with his wife, Rebecca (Kimmey),\\nto this county, and while en route listened to the dire-\\nful stories related by those who were, as they supposed,\\nfleeing from certain death, for the Sauk war scare\\noccurred this year; but, nothing daunted, he pressed\\nforward, and located on Beardsley s Prairie, where he\\nremained until 1855, when he removed to Jefferson\\nTownship, but now resides in Milton. Although not\\nan aspirant for ofiice, notwithstanding he always took\\na deep interest in political affairs, he was elected to\\nthe House of Representatives in 1860. When wend-\\ning his way westward with a one-horse wagon, it is\\ndoubtful if he anticipated the success that has crowned\\nhis efforts in his chosen avocation, that of farming.\\nTen of the fifteen children that have crowned his\\nmarital relations still survive, of whom Henry, Clif-\\nford and Judson are in Wisconsin Joseph, in Van\\nBuren County James, in Ontwa Edward, who\\nworks the farm on which his parents reside while\\nSarah (Mrs. Kelley) is in Edwardsburg and Louisa\\nis the wife of Dr. Taylor. Mr. Shanahan is still an\\nactive business man, and spends a portion of his time\\nin Wisconsin with his children, supervising their\\naffairs. His brother Clifford was elected Judge of\\nProbate, which oflUce he filled in 1864.\\nIn the spring of 1836, A. P. Bachus first entered the\\ncounty of Cass, and has no cause to regret the choice he\\nmade of a home. In 1838, he married Malinda Norris,\\nwho came with her parents from Erie County, N. Y.,\\nand to Edwardsburg in 1837, subsequently removing to\\nIndiana. In 1838, Miss Norris taught the first school\\nin that district No. 2 an old cooper shop first being\\nused for a schoolhouse, but in a few weeks removed to\\na barn, which had been prepared for the reception of\\nthe school, but even here the rudest seats and benches\\nwere used, utility rather than beauty being the great\\ndesideratum. She had fifty scholars under her charge.\\nBefore the school terra was completed, it was broken\\nup with the ague, which then spread like an epidemic.\\nThey claim, with one exception, that of Dr. Morgan,\\nto be the oldest married couple in the township.\\nIn the fall of 1834, Henry Aldrich and N. Sage\\nstarted for the West with a single horse and wagon,\\nand stopped in Berrien County, where Mr. Aldrich\\nremained until 1837, when he removed to Milton\\nTownship, which is his present home. He has been\\na most successful farmer, and the buildings he has\\nerected are a credit to himself and his township.\\nHis commendable pride regarding buildings is no\\ndoubt in a measure due to his early trade, that of car-\\npenter and joiner, which developed a taate for archi-\\ntectural beauty. This trade he followed for three\\nyears after coming here, and many marks of his\\nhan liwork yet remain in this and other townships.\\nMr. Aldrich has been prominently identified with the", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0519.jp2"}, "520": {"fulltext": "346\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\npublic affairs of his township, as will be seen in the-\\ncivil list, and has done much to promote and develop\\nthe interests of the same. He is a son of James\\nAldrich, who came in the county the same season,\\nand whose death occurred in Wisconsin in 1858, to\\nwhich State he had removed. His mother now resides\\nwith his brother, Dr. Levi Aldrich, in Edwardsburg.\\nThis township possesses many men who by their\\nown industry have acquired a competency, and many\\neven more than this, and among this number is R. V.\\nHicks, who, when seventeen years of age, started, in\\n1835, from England for America, with his father and\\nsome older brothers who had been to this country,\\nand at as early a date as 1831. His father returned\\nto England, but his brothers purchased 500 acres of\\nland, including the farm now owned by Mr. C. Had-\\nden, and where he remained until 1838, when he re-\\nmoved to Niles and commenced work in a distillery,\\nwhere he soon rose to the positiop of foreman. In\\n1843, he abandoned distilling and settled in Milton\\nTownship, and he and his brother, E. P., who resides\\nwith him, are the only surviving boys of a family of\\nsix. William, who purchased the land before men-\\ntioned, left the same and sailed as Captain on the\\nlakes for thirty-five years.\\nN. B. Dennis, who has served his township in the\\ncapacity of Treasurer, came from Delaware in 1833.\\nHis farm is located on Section 15. In 1842, he mar-\\nried Miss Margaret McMichael, who resided in In-\\ndiana, where she removed with her parents when\\nquite young, from Pennsylvania.\\nMr. Dennis can be classed among the active, ener-\\ngetic, progressive men of his township. It is upon\\nsuch men that the public can rely to further their best\\ninterests, for he takes an active interest in public af-\\nfairs, and is willing to do his share to assist public en-\\nterprises, and it is to such men that the community is\\nindebted for the measure of progress they make.\\nWhen Allen Dunning, who came from Erie County,\\nPenn., reached Milton Township, in 1836, speculation\\nwas rife and the price of land had advanced to what\\nseemed an extravagant price, $7 per acre, which was\\nwhat he paid for land in Section 11.\\nHe had a large family, and Mrs. Dunning laugh-\\ningly recalls the time when numerous heads appeared\\nat every available opening to view the passing stranger;\\nbut on the same principle that many hands make\\nlight work, many happy hearts make a happy home,\\nand this certainly was one as much in those early\\ndays, when deprived of the many now considered in-\\ndispensable adjuncts to a home, as when in later years\\nthey became possessed of them. All who meet Mrs.\\nDunning, now a lady seventy-four years of age, are\\ncharmed with her kindly manner and pleasantly beam-\\ning countenance, and it is no subject of wonder that\\ntheir house was seldom without visitors, either friends\\nor strangers, in those early days when such a house-\\nhold was prized the more highly because of existing\\ncircumstances.\\nMr. Dunning was possessed of that happy faculty\\nof remembering every description of land to which\\nhis attention had been called, and he was almost in-\\nvariably consulted as the oracle on such matters by\\nthose who were seeking out a desirable place to locate.\\nMr. Dunning deceased in 1869, and of his family\\nthere are now living Sarah (Mrs. C. Smith) Ale-\\nmeda (Mrs. W. Smith) and Averill, all in Milton,\\ntogether with Allen, who resides with his mother on\\nthe old homestead Charlotte, Mrs. E. Morris, on\\nLittle Prairie Ronde Martha, Mrs. Bement, in In-\\ndiana John, in La Grange Emmett, in Howard\\nMartin V., in Pokagon and Dyer B., a merchant in\\nEdwardsburg.\\nManlove C. Beauchamp left his native heath in\\nKent County, Del., in the spring of 1836, and re-\\nmoved with his family to a place in close proximity\\nto Niles, and one year subsequent to Indiana, and\\nseveral times changed his residence between these\\ntwo places as the demand of his trade required, he\\nbeing by trade a carpenter and joiner, he, in the\\nmeantime, clearing up some land in Indiana. In\\n1847, he removed to Milton Township, and in 1857\\nto the farm now occupied by his son J. H. Beauchamp.\\nOf his children, Mary S. is in Berrien County\\nMargaret S., in Niles Emily A., in California, and\\nHarriet J., in South Bend, Ind. four are deceased.\\nMr. C. Beauchamp died in 1872, and his widow\\nMary (Walton), aged sixty-six, resides with her\\ndaughter, Mrs. Durham. J. H., the only representa-\\ntive of the family in the county, is a progressive\\nfarmer, and takes an active interest in public affairs.\\nCaleb B. GriflSth came to Cass County some time\\nin the forties and purchased land in Section 21, where\\nhis widow now resides, with two of her children, his\\ndeath occurring in 1869. One son, Washington\\nIrving, also resides on a portion of the farm left by\\nhis father, who was a very industrious man and knew\\nwhat it was to accumulate property by his own ex-\\nertions.\\nGeorge Tittle was one of the first settlers in Van\\nBuren County, the date of his settlement there being\\n1831, and his daughter Eliza s marriage with Elijah\\nGoble was the first marriage consummated in that\\ncounty, the date being 1833. At the time of his\\nremoval, his son Jacob was but eleven years of age,\\nand he recalls those early events with the greatest\\ndistinctness, it being his portion to do all the errands\\nfor the family, he at one time going to Cassopolis,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0520.jp2"}, "521": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0521.jp2"}, "522": {"fulltext": "M*\\nPEITEF^ TF^lilTT.\\n1^\\nn\\nV\\n-I\\nhk\\nf^ESIDEtsICE: OF PETEF^ TI^UlTT (DECEAS ED) |v1 I LTOJvl, |v1 I CH", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0522.jp2"}, "523": {"fulltext": "COOL F^U^KUE,\\njviF^s. COOL kl isIkle,\\nWiffSSK s-r^^,.\\n,v yyv..5:;i.-^;^v,^.^.\\nf^ESIDElJsfCE OF J/ S, jvl, TF^lJlTT, j^lLTOjJ, jvl I C H", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0523.jp2"}, "524": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0524.jp2"}, "525": {"fulltext": "r\\nc\\n^B-^^^, (^y ^-(r ::.e \u00c2\u00a3e2^\\nJVIF^S. \\\\A.O. BEAUCHAJv^l\\nI1^ESlDE^fCE OF J.H. BEyvaCHAJs/lP. \\\\A\\\\V\\\\0]i, f^fCH.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0525.jp2"}, "526": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0526.jp2"}, "527": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n34t\\nafter some groceries, when it could boast of but one\\nstore. Twenty-five years ago, Jacob removed to the\\nfarm he now owns in Section 9, Milton Township.\\nHis wife, Elizabeth, is the oldest daughter of the\\nveteran pioneer Peter Truitt.\\nMr. M. Carpenter, who came from Susse.x County,\\nDel., in 183t), became the victim of a certain class of\\npersons denominated land sharks by the early\\nsettlers. He was totally destitute of book education,\\nfor he is unable to read or write, and being of an un-\\nsuspicious nature fell readily into the trap prepared\\nfor him by one of the aforesaid gentry, one of\\nwhom claimed to possess eighty acres of land, for\\nwhich he asked $1,000. The price was satisfactory\\nto Edwards and he paid $600 in silver coin, which he\\npoured out of an old shot pouch or bag, it being all\\nthe money he possessed, and gave his promissory note\\nfor $400 with the understanding that the deed should\\nbe forthcoming in due time, whereas he did not pos-\\nsess the land in question and had only had some con-\\nversation regarding its purchase. When the truth\\ndawned upon Mr. Edwards, he became discouraged\\nand decided to leave the West as soon as money suf-\\nficient could be procured, but Mr. A. H. Redfield,\\nwho was agent for the land, made him such a favorable\\nproposition for it that he concluded to remain, and\\nhas been quite successful, notwithstanding the difficul-\\nties in the way of an education he has been obliged\\nto contend with. He ran the first threshing machine\\nbrought into this section, and now, at the age of eighty-\\none years, is a resident of Edwardsburg. A swift re-\\ntribution followed his swindler, who went to Wis-\\nconsin and purchased a farm with the money and\\nwas shortly after killed by the premature discharge\\nof his gun while hunting.\\nBenjamin Parsons and James Maston came to Cass\\nCounty on 1844, and Mr. Parsons first purchased\\nland on Beardsley s Prairie, and after a time in Sec-\\ntion 23, where he died in 1865, and on which place his\\nwidow now lives, he having been very successful in\\nhis chosen avocation. His wife, Mary P. (Abbott),\\ncame with her parents also from Kent County, Del.,\\nwhen she formed the acquaintance of her future hus-\\nband, and they settled on Section 14, and here it was\\nthat Mrs. Parsons cultivated flowers in this then\\ncomparatively new country. Her parents both died\\nin this county.\\nAmong the early settlers of prominence was An-\\ndrew Jackson, who possessed a history of more than\\nordinary interest, in that he was impressed into the\\nBritish naval service, and was with Nelson at the bat-\\ntle of Trafalgar. He came to Cass County at an\\nearly day, and located on the farm where Mr. R. Enos\\nnow lives, and where he remained until his death.\\nNone of his family now reside in the county. He was\\na man of powerful frame and exercised considerable\\ninfluence in an early day.\\nPhillip Shintafiier and family, consisting of three\\nsons and two sons-in-law, came to Beardsley s Prairie,\\nand settled, in 1831, on the farm now owned by Cool\\nRunkle, and resided there until his death, his wife s\\ndeath also occurring here. The children all moved\\nWest. Little can be learned regarding this family,\\nexcept that they were quite rough in their manners,\\nthey being frontiersmen of the broadest type.\\nJames Taylor, a man of more than ordinary ability,\\nsettled in Milton in an early day, on the farm now\\nowned by Mrs. George Sutton. He used to do con-\\nsiderable petifogging, and was a man who assumed\\nconsiderable importance in any community where he\\ncast his lot. He was a wagon-maker, also carpenter\\nand joiner by trade, and erected the first M. E. Church\\nin Milton. He removed to Oregon, where he came\\nnear being elected Governor.\\nG. O Dell was also an early settler, but removed to\\nIowa.\\nOliver Drew, who made the first land entry in 1829,\\nis deceased, and no representative of his family now\\nresides here. In 1830, Hiram Rogers, Luther Cha-\\npin and Calvin Taylor made entries of land in Sec-\\ntion 1.\\nORIGINAL LAND ENTRIES.\\n.Section 1.\\nOliver Drew, New York. Sept. 26, 1829 80\\nHiram Rogers, Niagara County, N. Y., Sept. 27, 18.30 80\\nLuther Chapin, Niagara County, N. Y., Sept. 27, 1830 80\\nCalvin Taylor, Erie County, Penn., Sept. 27, 1830 80\\nDaniel Brown, Cass County, Mich., ,Iune 6, 1831 80\\nOliver Drew, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1831 80\\nIsaac Butler, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 27, 1831 80\\nAndrew Jackson, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 4, 1836 80\\nSection 2.\\nOliver Drew, New York, Sept. 26, 1829 80\\nD. Burnham and F. K. Smith, New Hampshire, June 13,\\n1831.\\nStanbury Smith, Cass County, Mich., June 3, 1835\\nSpencer Williams, Cass County, Mich., July 14, 1835\\nPhilip Shintaffer, Cas, County, Mich., July 14, 1835\\nF. Bronson, New York City, July 22, 1835\\nE. Shanaban, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 4, 1836\\nLawrence, Beach it luilay, Onondaga County, N. May 17\\n1836\\nSection 3.\\nGeorge McCoy, Jr., Cass County, Mich., Dec. 17, 1834 40\\nJohn Rounsefell, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 14, 1835 40\\nD. Clark, Montgomery County, N. V., June 23, 1835 442\\nFrederick Bronson, New York City, .luly 22, 1836 80\\nHiram Wray, Cass County, Mich., June 18, 1834\\nWinslow McCoy, Berrien County, Mich., Dec. 18, 1834..\\nJ. Rounsefell, Cass County, Mich.. Dec. 29, 1884", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0527.jp2"}, "528": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nH. P. Voorhies, Montgomery Couaty, N. Y., June 22, 1835... IBO\\nFrederick Bronson, New York City, July 22, 1835 80\\nJ, H. Hatch, New York City, Aug. 11, 1835 40\\nSection 5.\\nT. Wray, Cass County, Mich., June 18, 1834 40\\nArthur Johnson, Erie County, N. Y., July 15, 1834 40\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., July 23, 1834 120\\nT. Wheeler, Feb. 23, 1835 80\\nJ. H. H,atch, New York City, Aug. 7, 1835 320\\nPeter Tniitt, Cass County. Mich., Feb. 2, 1837 40\\nSection 6.\\nBenjamiu F. LarueJ, Wayne County, Mich., July 19, 1830... 80\\nJohn H. .Smith, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 28, 1832 40\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., Dec. 9, 1833 85\\nNathaniel Bacon, Berrien County, Mich., Dec. 18, 1833 87\\nWilliam M. Wray, Berr.en County, Mich., March 17, 1834... 40\\nWilliam Miokel, Erie County, N. Y., May 14, 1834 200\\nJohn Rosewarne, Ontario County, N. Y., June 25, 1834 80\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., July 23, 1834 40\\nSection 7.\\nBenjamin F. Lamed, Wayne County, Mich., July 19, 1880... 80\\nJohn H. Smith, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 28, 1832 40\\nBenjamin B. Kercheval, Wayne County, Mich., Dec. 7, 1833, 86\\nWilliam Bradbury, Berrien County, Mich., May 27, 1834 80\\nJohn Rosewarne, Ontario County, N. Y., June 25, 1834 120\\nWilliam Truitt, Cass County, Mich., July 19, 1834 80\\nJohn G. Bond, Berrien County, Mich., July 23, 1834 80\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., July 22, 1834 88\\nSection 8.\\nHenry Drew, Berrien County, Mich., Oct. 26, 1831 80\\nT. Wray, Cass County, Mich., June 18. 1834 40\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., July 23, 1834 80\\nAdam Smith, Berrien County, Mich., Sept. 1, 1834 80\\nWilliam Holland, Sussex County, Del., Dec. 20, 1834 80\\nSamuel Hulin, Berrien County, Mich., Jan. 2, 1835 40\\nJ. Hulin, Cass County, Mich., July 7, 1835 40\\nSamuel Hulin, Cass County, Mich., .luly 7, 1835 80\\nC. K. Green, Cass Couaty, Mich., July 22, 1834 80\\nJ. H. Hatch, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 10. 1834 40\\nSection 9.\\nS. Toney, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 31, 1832 40\\nHiram Wray, Cass County, Mich June 18, 1834 40\\nWilliam Truitt, Cass County, Mich., July 19, 1834 80\\nThomas Stanton, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 20, 1834 80\\nAsa Lane, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 20, 1834 40\\nClement Shockley, Cass County, Mich., July 10, 1834 40\\nClement Shockley, Cass County, Mich., July 10, 1835 40\\nC K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., July 22, 1835 40\\nZ. Skinner, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 29, 1835 40\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., Sept. 15, 1835 160\\nSilas Baldwin, Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 30, 1836 80\\nSection 10.\\nPeter Shanahan, Cass County, Mich Jan. 15,1834 40\\nP. Truitt, Cass County, Mich., May 23, 1834 80\\nE. W. Jones, Erie County, N. Y., June 1, 1835 40\\nH. P. Voorhies, Montgomery County, N. Y., June 22, 1835... 144\\nJohn W. Fountain, Cass County, Mich., June 25. 1836 40\\nWilliam White, Cass County, Mich., July 1, 1836 40\\nL. W. .Stockley, Cass County, Mich July 10, 1835 40\\nF. Bronson, New York City, July 22, 1836 S\\nJ. H. Hatch, New York City, Jan. 13, 1836 4\\nWilliam Truitt Cass County, Mich., Jan. 13, 1836 4\\nZ. Skinner, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 30, 1836 S\\nSection 11.\\nJohn Hadden, Ohio, Sept. 24, 1829.... S\\nJames F. Loro, New York, Jan. 4 1830 16\\nJohn Hudson, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 26, 1830 8\\nSmith Burnham, New Hampshire, June 10, 1831 16\\nE. Shanahan, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 9, 1833 4\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., July 22, 1835 4\\nSection 12.\\nJohn Hudson, Cass County, Mich., April 29, 1830 8\\nJohn Garwood, Warren County, Ohio, May 15, 1830 8\\nJohn C. Langdon, Wayne County, Mich Jan. 11, 1830 8\\nR. P. J. H. Wadsworth, Pennsylvania, July 5, 1830 \\\\t\\nAlfred Lord, Erie County, Penn., July 5, 1830 U\\nDaniel Brown, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 26, 1830 8\\nSection lH.\\nCannon Smith, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829 16\\nThomas Sullivan, Darke County, Ohio, Oct. -26, 1829 8\\nJohn Hudson, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 2, 1830 8\\nG. O Dell, Cass County, Mich., Jan 7, 1830 8\\nPhilip Shintaffer, Greene County, Ind., Sept. 7, 1830 16\\nAdiim Miller, Franklin County, Ohio, Jan. 7, 18.30 8\\nSection 14.\\nDavid Harkrider, Butler County, Ohio, Oct. 6, 1829.\\nCannon Smith, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 8, 1829\\nGabriel O Dell, Cass County, Mich., May 2, 1834\\nNemiah Dennis, Berrien County, Mich., Jan. 26, 183\\n0. K. Miller, Berrien County, Mich., July 22, 1835..\\nSection 15.\\nPeter Truitt, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1831 V2\\nCannon Smith, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 10, 1834 16\\nA. M. Smith, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10. 1834 4\\nCannon Smith, Cass County, Mich., April 28, 1834 8\\nPeter Truitt, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 13, 1834 4\\nThomas Powell, Cass County, Mich., July 19, 1834 4\\nAsa Lane, Cass County, Mich., 060.2(1,1.-34 4\\nPeter Truitt, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 20, 1834 4\\nC. K. Green, CassCounty, Mich., July 22, 1834 8\\nSection 16.\\nSchool Lands.\\nSection 17.\\nH. 0. Heath, Erie County, N. Y., May 7, 1832 160\\nHiel Truesdail, Branch County, Mich., Oct. 26, 1833 40\\nSamuel Hulin, Berrien County, Mich., April 9, 1835 80\\nGeorge Heath, Erie County, N. Y., July 3, 1835 160\\nC. K. Green, Berrien County, Mich., July 22, 1836 40\\nJohn Smith, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 6, 1835 80\\nV. S. Bradford, Berrien County, .Mich., Oct. 20. 1835 80\\nSection 18.\\nOtis Jones, Chautauqua County, N. Y., July 25, 1833..\\n80 T\\nMartin Fox, Berrien County, Mich., April 9, 1835 40\\nJames Williams, Berrien County, April 10, 1836 80\\nJ. Bertram, Jr., Berrien County, Mich., May 30, 1835 89\\nS. Thorp, Kent County, Del., June 3. 1836 80\\nWilliam Thorp, Kent County, Del., June 3, 1835 120\\nHarvey Kellogg, Geauga County, Ohio, June 20, 1835 89\\nJ H. Hatch, New York City, Aug. 7, 1835 80", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0528.jp2"}, "529": {"fulltext": ":r m\\n-k\\nis^. 1", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0529.jp2"}, "530": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0530.jp2"}, "531": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHICrAN.\\n349\\nSection 19.\\n.loseph Doty, Erie County, N. Y.,Oct. 22, 1834 83\\nShubert Jenks, Jr., Berrien County, Mich., Aug. 11, 1835 44\\nN.W. T. Thompson, Berrien County, Mich., Sept. 16, 1835... 46\\nAsaM. Smith, Cass County, Mich.,. Tan. 27, 1836 80\\nGeorge Smith, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 1, 1836 80\\nSection 20.\\n.lohn H. Smith. Cass County, Mich., Aug. 29, 1835 172\\nWilliam V!. Elliott, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 14, 1836 169\\nSection 21.\\n(George M. Beswick, Cass Co., Mich., May 2, 1835 40\\nTheodore Powell, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 28, 1835 40\\nK. Rargrave, St. Joseph County, Ind., Oct 1, 1835 40\\nDaniel Folliner, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 23, 1836 214\\nSection 22.\\nCannon Smith, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 7, 1833 80\\nAdam Ringle, St Joseph County, Oct. 25, 1833 121\\n.lacob Harris, Aug. 18, 1834 42\\nWilliam Manering, Cass County, Mich., April 9, 1835 40\\nGeorge W. Beswick, Cass County, Mich., June 2, 1836 40\\nSection 23.\\nSilas Baldwiti, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 20, 1833\\nAsa M. Smith, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 20, 1833\\nSilas Baldwin, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 30. 1834\\nAsa M. Smith, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 25, 1834\\nThomas T. Glenn, Cass County, Mich., June 21, 1834.\\nD. Folmer, Cass County, Mich., May 30, 1835\\nSamuel Tomlinson, Cass County, Mich June 2 1835.\\nGeorge Smith, Cass County, Mich Oct. 5, 1835\\nSection 24.\\nIsaac Hathaway, Lenawee County, Mich., June 19, 1829.\\nJ. Melville, Lenawee County, Mich., Sept. 24, 1829 80\\nThomas Sullivan, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 26. 1830...., 76\\nThis township was created by an act of the Legis-\\nlature of the State of Michigan, approved March 15,\\n18-38, reading as follows All that portion of Cass\\nCounty, designated in the United States survey as\\nTownship No. 8, south, of Range No. 16 west, be\\nand the same is hereby set oft and organized into a\\nseparate township by the name of Milton and the\\nfirst township meeting therein shall be held at the\\nhouse of Peter Truitt, Jr. Previous to this time, it\\nformed a part of Ontwa, which was organized Novem-\\nber 5, 1829. The following are the principal officers\\nfirst elected: James Aldrich, Supervisor; William\\nManning, Treas. H. H. Hulin, Clerk G. How-\\nland, A.s8essor; William Elliott, Joseph S. Grifiin,\\nE. Shanahan, Highway Commissioners; William\\nElliott, Asa Mead, James Taylor, School Inspectors.\\nAn extended list of township officers will be found\\nfarther on.\\nThis township is situated in the southwestern por-\\ntion of the county, and is located between Howard on\\nthe north, Ontwa on the east, Berrien County on the\\nWest, and the State of Indiana on the south.\\nThe boundaries were surveyed by William Brook-\\nfield, and the subdivisions by him also, he completing\\nthem July 11, 1828. To Peter Truitt belongs the\\nhonor of naming the township, and Milton was selected\\nbecause it was the name of a township in Delaware in\\nwhich he previously resided.\\nThe soil is very productive, and yields ample returns\\nto the husbandman for labor bestowed. Corn, wheat,\\noats, rye, barley and potatoes are cultivated exten-\\nsively, and form the principal crops, while stock, such\\nas cattle, horses and sheep, are raised to a considera-\\nble extent. Beardsley s Prairie, named after Ezra\\nBeardsley, the first settler on it, extends along the\\neastern portion, and in no portion can the land be\\ntermed hilly, although in some parts it is undulat-\\nI ing-\\nThe Brandywine River flows through the north-\\nwestern corner of the township, and was utilized for\\nmanufacturing purposes at an early day. Three\\nlakes, although not very large in size, have been dig-\\nnified with names, they being Thompson s, Negro and\\nGoose.\\nCould those early settlers who pushed on westward,\\nor those who passed away at an early date, again re-\\nvisit the places once so familiar, they would witness a\\nwonderful transformation, for where at that period\\nstood the humble log cabin, around which was a small\\nclearing, and which in turn was surrounded with\\nwoods, can now be found substantial, if not stately\\nfarm houses, capacious barns, productive orchards,\\nand the sentinel like wind-mill, pointing with ever-\\nchanging fans to the many broad acres under a fine\\nstate of cultivation, and upon which are raised such\\nabundant crops that their possessors can appropriately\\nbe*terraed autocrats of the land.\\nIn 1880, the total number of acres in farms was\\n12,223, of which 8,644 were improved; the total num-\\nber of farms being 105, made an average of 116.41\\nacres in each.\\nThere were 2,585 acres sown to wheat, which pro-\\nduced 48,910 bushels, being an average of 18.92 bushels\\nper acre. On 1,754 planted to corn, 80,400 bushels\\nwere harvested and from 440 acres sown to oats was\\nthreshed 11,490 bushels. There was also produced\\nthis year 507 bushels of clover seed, 301 bushels of\\npeas, 5,075 bushels of potatoes, and 1,488 tons of hay.\\nThe township possesses 399 head of horses, 649 head\\nof cattle, 899 of hogs, and in 1879, 859 head of sheep,\\nthat produced t,002 pounds of wool.\\nTwo hundred and fifty-five acres are planted to\\norchards, and small fruits are rftsed in abundance.\\nThis township is, strictly speaking, an agricultural\\none, it not possessing any village, store, post office,\\nmill or manufactory of any kind, although at an early", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0531.jp2"}, "532": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nday William Rosewarne erected a saw-mill on the\\nBrandywine, which long since has passed away.\\nThe close proximity of Niles and Edwardsburg en-\\nables the people to do their trading and marketing\\nwith great ease.\\nRELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS.\\nReligious affairs received the attention of the early\\nsettlers, and as early as 1830-31, Rev. Erastus Fel-\\nton commenced holding religious meetings, and in\\n1832, a Methodist Episcopal society was formed by\\nRev. Gurley. Among the early ministers were Revs.\\nRobe, Cooper, Phelps, Armstrong, Meek, Hargrave,\\nMcCool, Boyd, Owen, Wood, Kellogg, Sampson and\\nVanardor.\\nThe first church, erected in 1838, was called Smith s\\nChapel, because of the liberality of Cannon Smith,\\none of its founders the cost of the church edifice\\nwas ^1,200. The dedicatory sermon was preached\\nby Rev. James U. Watson. It was repaired in 1856,\\nand again in 1877 and in 1879, was rebuilt at an ex-\\npense of $966, and is now a neat and attractive\\nbuilding. The first trustees were Jesse Smith,\\nJames Lomery, George Smith, M. C. Beauchamp,\\nGeorge W. Smith, Spencer Williams and Cannon\\nSmith, Sr. The following comprise the present\\nchurch officers: G. W. Smith, G. W. Williams,\\nDavid Truitt, Trustees J. B. Smith, David Truitt,\\nA. H. Gilford, Stewards J. B. Smith and J. M.\\nGriffith, Leaders.\\nA Protestant Methodist Church was organized and\\nchurch building erected in Section 10, but finally\\nclosed for lack of support, and the building is now\\nused for a town hall.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThe first school was taught by Asa M. Smith, in\\nin the double log house of Thomas Sullivan on Sec-\\ntion 19, and the first schoolhouse was erected in Sec-\\ntion 13, in 1831 or 1832. April 23, 1838, school dis-\\ntrict No. 6 voted to raise $200, by tax, with which\\nto build a schoolhouse, but a protest was entered by a\\nnumber of persons and at a special meeting they re-\\n.scinded their former resolution and voted to raise $2-5\\nwith which to build a house and purchase a stove, so\\nthat in this case questionable economy ruled supreme.\\nThere are, however, at this time, six school districts\\nall supplied with substantial school buildings. Dis-\\ntricts No. 1 and 4 having brick houses and the bal-\\nance frame buildings, valued at $4,200, and having a\\ntotal seating capacity of 268 the whole number of\\nscholars between the ages of five and twenty years is\\n175. There wai pj,id, for the fiscal year ending Au-\\ngust 80, 1881, to female teachers, $681.50, and to\\nmales, $136.87.\\nIn 1845, $45 was raised by tax with which to pur-\\nchase a township library for adults, and the library\\nnow contains thirty volumes.\\nThe following comprise a list of important township\\nofficers\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1838-40, James Aldrich 1841, George Smith\\n1842, G. Rowland; 1843, J. O Dell; 1844, James\\nTaylor 1845, Charles P. Drew 1846, James Tay-\\nlor; 1847-49, Henry Aldrich; 1850, James Taylor;\\n1851, Henry Aldrich 1852, N. 0. Bowman 1853-\\n54, Urial Enos 1855, Henry Aldrich; 1856, N. 0.\\nBowman 1857, Henry Aldrich 1858, R. V. Hicks;\\n1859, H. Aldrich; 1860, Isaac Babcock 1861,\\nHenry Aldrich 1862, Urial Enos 1865-72, Will-\\niam R. Olmstead; 1873-78, Richard V. Hicks;\\n1879-81, William H. Olmstead.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1838-39, William Manning 1840, James Aid-\\nrich 1841, Peter Truitt; 1842-44, Thomas Powell\\n1845, George Smith; 1846, Wesley Smith; 1847-\\n48, John Ullery 1849-51, James B. Smith 1852-\\n53, John Ullery 1854-61, George Smith 1862-\\n64, N. B. Dennis 1865-67, James B. Smith 1868,\\nAsa Jones; 1869-73, John Barber; 1874-75,\\nCharles F. Rosewarne 1876-77, William J. Abbott\\n1878, John Merkle 1879, George M. Hadden;\\n1880-81, John A. Parsons.\\nCLERKS.\\n1838-39, H. H. Hulin 1840, James Taylor\\n1840-43, Henry Aldrich 1844, Job O Dell 1845,\\nHenry Aldrich 1846, Job O Dell 1847-48, Asa\\nM. Smith; 1849, William H. Olmstead; 1850-56.\\nM. C. Beauchamp 1857, W. H. Olmstead 1858-\\n63, William H. Powell; 1864, W. H. Olmstead;\\n1865-66, J. C. Genung; 1867, William H. Powell;\\n1868, M. V. B. Dunning; 1873-79, C. M. Den-\\nnis: 1880, Franklin E. Lowry 1881, James H.\\nBeauchamp.\\nBIOGEAPHIOAL SKETCHES.\\nPETER TRUITT.\\nThe name of Peter Truitt has been so long asso-\\nciated with the town of Milton, which he named, that\\nits history would be incomplete without a sketch of\\nhis life.\\nHe was born in Slatter Neck. Sussex County,\\nDel., February 7, 1801, and was a son of Lang-\\nford and Esther A. (Shockley). His father being a\\nfarmer, he was reared on a farm, and had little oppor-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0532.jp2"}, "533": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n351\\ntunity for self-culture. February 25, 1819, he was\\nmarried to Mary Simpler, whose father, Milby, was a\\nsoldier in the Revolutionary war, also the war of 1812.\\nShe died in April, 1828. and some two years later he\\nmarried Isabell, daughter of James and Mary Mc-\\nKnitt. Learning of them any attractions in the then\\nTerritory of Michigan, he moved here in 1831, arriv-\\ning June 17, the journey, which was by team, occu-\\npying forty-four days.\\nHaving entered 80 acres of land near the center\\nof the present town of Milton, he erected a double\\nlog house on what some three years later proved to be\\nthe wrong description of land, and learning that a\\nMr. O Dell had started for the land office at White\\nPigeon to enter it, he started in the night for the land\\noffice, and had the satisfaction of outstripping his\\ncompetitor and securing the coveted prize.\\nBeing located on the old Detroit Chicago\\nroad, he soon commenced keeping a tavern, which be-\\ncame famous for the comforts to be found therein, and\\nthousands of weary emigrants and travelers have re-\\nposed under his roof, their number often being so\\ngreat that the floor would be strewn with beds to ac-\\ncommodate them. It became known as the White\\nOak Tavern, because of an immense white oak tree\\nthat threw out its grateful branches over the house, as\\nif inviting all to partake of the cheer to be found\\ntherein. After a time, a black oak tree was cut off\\nsome twenty feet from the ground, on the top of which\\nfor over thirty years could have been seen the sign,\\nTruitt s Tavern, while he continued to keep tavern\\nafter the sign was taken down, and no man was ever\\nturned from his door because he was penniless.\\nHe helped lay out the road to Niles and built the\\nfirst frame house between the prairie and Niles. He\\nwas the first and only Postmoster in the township, the.\\nname of the post office being Dover.\\nIn an early day he opened a store at Bertrand and\\nsold goods for a time, and then moved his stock to\\nMilton Township, and continued business for two\\nyears longer. This proved a very disastrous enter-\\nprise, for he lost so heavily by the decline of goods\\nand wild cat money, then in circulation, that all\\nhis property except his land was swept away. This\\nhowever, did not discourage him, and he bravely set\\nabout repairing his fortune, and at his death, which\\noccurred December 29, 1881, he possessed 1,500 acres\\nof rich farming lands, which was divided up among his\\nseven heirs. He was a shrewd business man, and his\\nlarge accumulation of property was the result of his\\nown industry and keen foresight. As a neighbor, he\\nwas kind and charitable, and none in need were\\nturned from his door empty handed his generosity\\nwas proverbial.\\nHe lived for ^half a century on the farm he first se-\\nlected, and not only witnessed, but assisted in trans-\\nforming an almost unbroken wilderness into one of\\nthe finest and most beautiful agricultural districts in\\nthe West.\\nPolitically he was a Whig, and then a Republican,\\nand held several township offices, including that of\\nJustice of the Peace. He became a convert to the\\nMethodist faith when fourteen years of age, and he\\nand his wife, after coming to this county, united with\\nthe Methodist Church, when it numbered but ten\\nmembers. He was a zealous Christian, and before a\\nchurch building was erected, religious services were\\nfrequently held in his house, which was the home of\\nthe ministers. When old age and disease had blinded\\nhis intellect, so that all things sublunary had faded\\nfrom his mind, on the subject of religion it was\\nbright and clear as an oasis in a sandy desert, and so\\nremained until his death. He also took an active\\ninterest in educational affairs.\\nBy his first wife he had five children John M.,\\nproprietor of the Truitt House in Edwardsburg\\nElizabeth C, now Mrs. C. Tittle, in Milton; Henry\\nP. and David T., prominent and prosperous farmers\\nalso in Milton.\\nBy his second wife, who died in 1834 or 1835, he\\nhad two children Mary J, now Mrs. J. Butts, in Mil-\\nton Esther A., now Mrs. J. W. Griffith, in Greenville,\\nMich. By his third wife, Deborah (McKnitt), sister of\\nIsabell, who departed this life in 1841, he became\\nthe father of one child, James M., also a farmer in\\nMilton. His fourth wife, Sarah (McKnitt) Lane, sur-\\nvives her husband, they having no children.\\nIIENUY ALDRICH.\\nHenry Aldrich, son of James and Hannah (Corn-\\nstock) Aldrich, was born in Rhode Island May 5,\\n1813. When he was very young, the family removed\\nto Monroe County, N. Y., and from thence to Erie\\nCounty, and, in 1829, they again emigrated to Chau-\\ntauqua County, where they remained five years, at the\\nexpiration of which time Henry came to Cass County\\nin company with Nathan Sage; his father came\\nthe previous season and purchased a farm. A son-in-\\nlaw occupied the farm, and with him Henry remained\\na short time whe i he went to work at his trade, that of\\na carpenter and joiner he built a school house in New\\nBuffalo. In 1837, he came to Beardsley s Prairie,\\nand for four years engaged in farming. In 1841,\\nhe went to Milton Township and settled in Section 1,\\nwhere he has since resided. Mr. Aldrich has devoted\\nhis life to agricultural pursuits, and in his chosen\\nvocation has been eminently successful his first pur-\\nchase wa.s forty acres, and to this little beginning he", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0533.jp2"}, "534": {"fulltext": "352\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.,\\nhas added two hundred, and among the progressive\\nand successful farmers of the county, he holds a fore-\\nmost position. He was the first Supervisor of the\\ntownship, and has filled other township ofiices\\nmany times. The elder Aldrich was a native\\nof Rhode Island, where he was born in 1787, and\\nwhere he was married. In 1837 he bought a\\nfarm on Beardsley s Prairie in 1841, he moved\\non to a farm near Niles, and in 1857 he went\\nto Pierce County, Wis., where he died in March of\\nthe following year; his wife was born in 1792 in\\nRhode Island, and is still living at the remarkable age\\nof ninety years. In 1840, Henry was married to\\nMiss Almira Treat, daughter of Timothy and Louisa\\nTreat; she was born in Erie County, N. Y., in 1821.\\nThey have reared a family of five children Altha\\n(now Mrs. Drew, of California), J. Monroe (who died\\nin the service in 1862), Levi M. (of Elk Grove, Cal.),\\nGeorge B. (deceased), and Joseph K. (on the old farm);\\nsee illustration.\\nMANLOVE BEAUCHAMP.\\nManlove C. Beauchamp was born in Sussex County,\\nDelaware, January 7, 1811, and is a son of Isaac\\nand Mary (Diverty) Beauchamp. This family, as\\ntheir name would indicate is of French extraction,\\nand are lineal descendants of the Huguenots, who\\nwere expelled from France in the sixteenth century,\\nbecause of their religious belief, and took refuge in. i\\nEngland, and from which country five Beauchamp\\nbrothers came to America in an early day. Mr.\\nBeauchamp was reared on a farm and received the 1\\neducation common to farmers sons of that period. In\\nDecember, 1832, he was united in marriage to Mary\\nWalton who was also born in Sussex County, Del..\\nSeptember 2, 1815, and is a daughter of Jonathan and\\nEsther (Fountain) Walton and is of English-Jrench\\ndescent.\\nIn 1836, Mr. Beauchamp came to Michigan with\\nhis family, and made the journey, which took one\\nmonth by team over the almost impassable roads of\\nthis early period. They first located in Niles, and he\\nworked at his trade, that of carpenter and joiner, for a\\ntime, and then moved to Indiana, where he engaged\\nin farming and laboring at his trade, and, in 1847,\\nmoved to Milton and engaged in farming for ten years\\nand then emigrated to the West, but eventually came\\nback and purchased the farm where his son J. H. now\\nresides, and where he died May 2, 1873. He was\\nsuccessful not alone in accumulating a handsome com-\\npetency, but in obtaining the esteem and respect of all\\nfor his many estimable qualities and sterling integrity.\\nHe was a zealous and eflicient member of the\\nMethodist Church, and was one of the class-leaders for\\nmany years. He was also an active member of the\\nSunday school of which he was Superintendent for a\\nlong time. Such men are an honor to any commu-\\nnity.\\nPolitically, he was identified with the Republican\\nparty, and although not an aspirant for office, served\\nas Township Clerk for several years. He commenced\\nlife at the bottom round of the ladder of fortune, and\\nwas most ably assisted by his amiable wife in climbing\\nthe same during their pioneer days, and in placing\\nwant far below them. She still survives him, and is\\nliving with her daughter in Niles, where her declining\\nyears are being passed in peace and quiet. Their\\nchildren are Esther J. (deceased), Mary S., Margaret\\nS., Rachael A. (deceased), Emily A. (deceased),\\nJames H., Emily A., Harriet J. and Menerva C.\\n(deceased).\\nGEORGE SMITH.\\nGeorge Smith, son of Cannon and Charlotte (Handy)\\nSmith, was born in Sussex County, Delaware, Sep-\\ntember 22, 1810. When eighteen years of age, the\\nfamily came to Cass County, and located in Milton,\\nwhere Cannon and Wesley Smith now reside. Here\\nthe family have lived for fifty-four years, and perhaps\\nno family have been more prominently identified with\\nthe development of the township, and the name of\\nSmith is stamped on all the initial events in Milton s\\nhistory. The elder Smith built the first log cabin,\\nand to George and John belong the honor of plow-\\ning the first furrow in what is now Milton, and of\\nraising the first crop. Cannon died July 24, 1844,\\nin his sixty-second year, and his wife Charlotte, April\\n8, 1872, in her eighty-sixth year.\\nThe family of the elder Smith were of course de-\\nnied of educational advantages, but George, by a sys-\\ntematic course of reading, obtained a large fund of\\nknowledge; he was a man of decided opinions, and\\nstrong convictions.\\nHe was married in January of 1835 to Miss Eliza,\\ndaughter of George W. and Mary (Petit) Smith, who\\nwere also among the early settlers of the township.\\nGeorge W. died May 24, 1859, while in his seventy-\\nfourth year, and his aged partner in May, 1874, in\\nher eighty-fifth year. Mrs. Smith was born in 1819,\\nin Sussex County, Delaware, and was a Miss of four-\\nteen years at the time of her family s emigration to\\nMichigan. They reared a family of eight children\\nAsa, in Pokagon; William H., in Howard; James W.,\\nin Milton; Martha J., at home; Washington B., in\\nBerrien County; George E., in Van Buren County;\\nCharlotte B., at home Irena M., now Mrs. A Quimby,\\nand two children who died in infancy.\\nIn his political convictions, Mr. Smith was a Repub-\\nliciin; he represented Milton for many years on the", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0534.jp2"}, "535": {"fulltext": "GEOf^GE SMITH.\\nI^^F^S. GEOF^G-E Sfvl ITH\\nbe]^Ij/ )viin[ p/ f^soj^Is.\\n]v1^^S,BE IJAIvll)^i PykR^SOI^S.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0535.jp2"}, "536": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0536.jp2"}, "537": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CAPS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nBoard of Supervisors, where he was recognized as an\\nable and efficient member. He also held many minor\\noffices, as will be seen by reference to the civil history\\nof the township.\\nHe was a worthy member of the Methodist Church,\\nand his daily life comported with the tenets of his\\nfaith for many years he was a class leader, and all\\nreligious and benevolent enterprises found in him a\\nzealous supporter.\\nHis death occurred January 25, 1880 his widow is\\nstill living on the.place which was for so many years\\nhis home.\\nShe is the counterpart of her husband in all that\\npertains to true nobility of character. She was\\noriginally a prominient member of the Methodist\\nChurch, but severed her connection with that organi-\\nzation and connected herself with the Presbyterian\\nChurch of Edwardsburg.\\nBEX.JAMIX PAR.SOXS.\\nThe subject of this sketch, Benjamin Parsons, was\\nborn in Kent County, Del., March 13, 1820. His\\nfather, Benjamin F., was born July 9, 1792. Benja-\\nmin was reared on a farm and obtained a com-\\nmon school education. Desiring to improve his i\\nfinancial status he, in 1841, came to Cass County and\\ncommenced as a farm hand, and made his first pur.\\nchase of real estate, forty acres, in 1845, he having i\\nbut ^100 at this time. He was an industrious and\\nprudent man, and lived to see his forty acres increase\\nto 444 through his own persistent efforts. I\\nHe was a most earnest Christian, and a member of j\\nthe Methodist Church, to which denomination he j\\ngave one-third of his property to assist in erecting\\nthe first house of worship in Milton. May 24, 1845,\\nhe was married to Mary P., daughter of George and\\nMary (Jones) Abbott. Mrs. Parsons was born in Kent\\nCounty, Del., in 1827, and came to Cass County with 1\\nher parents. Her father s death occurred in April,\\nand her mother s in November of 1877. Mrs. Par-\\nsons, who resides on the old farm, is a most estimable\\nlady, and a most fitting companion for her husband,\\nwho has passed to his final reward. She is also a\\nmember of the Methodist Church. They became the\\nparents of six children, viz. John A., William E.,\\nSarah E. (Mrs. J. Adams), Laura B. (Mrs. J. Lowry,\\nof Indiana), George 0., Cora A. (deceased), and Mary\\nL. (who resides at home).\\nHICHAKl) V. HICKS.\\nRichard V. Hicks, one of the early settlers and\\nprominent farmers of the township of Milton, was\\nborn in Cornwall, England, November 17, 1819.\\nThe family is one not unknown in English history,\\nI and about one hundred and fifty years ago were\\nprominent in political matters.\\nJohn Hicks, father of Richard V., was a successful\\nfarmer and a man of ability and integrity he married\\nCaroline Perry, a lady of much culture and refine-\\nment. In 1831, William, John R., Perry and Henry,\\nbrothers of Richard V., came to America to investi-\\ngate for themselves the marvelous reports they had\\nj heard of the New World. After an extended tour,\\nthey decided to locate in the township of Ontwa.\\nThey returned to England and in 1835 they returned\\nand purchased a tract of 500 acres on Sections 6 and\\n7, Ontwa. John R. again returned to the old home,\\nand on his return, the father came back with him,\\nalso Richard V. and Edward P., then a boy of\\neighteen years.\\nWilliam soon after sought a livelihood on the lakes,\\nand for thirty-five years was master of a vessel. He\\ndied in 1872. In 1838, John R. went to Ohio, where\\nhe was engaged on a canal, and met his death in the\\nconstruction of a log house his wife, Lettie, died\\nabout the same time.\\nPerry died in Howard in March, 1874. Henry\\nlost his life on the Ohio River. The elder Hicks\\nwent back to England, where he died about 1865.\\nRichard V. was engaged with his brother, William,\\nfor about two years, when he went to Niles, and en-\\ntered the employ of John Dodge Co., distillers;\\nwith this firm he remained a number of years, and\\nfor some time had control of their entire business. In\\n1843, he purchased the farm where he now resides in\\nMilton he did not, however, move on it until 1849.\\nSince this time, he has followed farming exclusively,\\nand perhaps no one in the township has been more\\nsuccessful. The farm now consists of 840 acres of\\nland under a high state of cultivation. The reader is\\nreferred to an illustration on another page. His home is\\nindicative of thrift and success, and is conclusive evi-\\ndence of enterprise and progression. In May of\\n1843, Mr. Hicks was married to Miss Catherine,\\ndaughter of Jacob Ullery, of Ohio; they have reared\\nfamily of nine children John P., Henry B., Richard\\nJ., Caroline E., Sarah, William S., Catherine M.,\\nMary A. and Orin S.\\nIn politics, Mr. Hicks is a Democrat, and his\\nreligious ideas are marked by that liberality that\\ncharacterizes all his opinions and dealings with his\\nfellow-men. Mr. Hicks is now in his sixty-third\\nyear, and Time has dealt kindly with him, he is enjoy-\\ning the full fruition of the toil and perplexities of the\\npioneer days, he has the satisfaction of knowing that\\nhe has improved his opportunities, and by his own in\\ndividual effort won for his family and himself an un-\\ntarnished reputation.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0537.jp2"}, "538": {"fulltext": "354\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nCOOL RUNKLE.\\nThis gentleman, one of the most successful farmers\\nin the county of Cass, is of German extraction, his\\ngrandparents having emigrated from Germany at an\\nearly day. His father s name was Adam, and at the\\ntime of his birth, March 2, 1818, lived in New Jersey.\\nAbout 1826, the family removed to Cortland County,\\nN. Y., and from there he came to Cass County in\\nOctober of 1845 two years subsequent, he purchased\\nthe farm where he now resides. In 1841, he was\\nmarried to Miss Samantha Bentley, by whom he had\\none child, a daughter (Samantha). About a year and\\na half after their marriage, Mrs. Runkle died, and,\\nin 1848, Mr. Runkle was again married to Mrs.\\nMargaret H. Biddle; she died May 24, 1881. Five\\nchildren were the result of this union Margaret H.,\\nWilliam A., Henry S., Ida I. (deceased, 1877), and\\none died in infancy. Mrs. Margaret (Biddle) Runkle\\nwas born in Solon, Cortland Co.. N. Y., in 1822.\\nMr. Runkle has devoted his life to agricultural pur-\\nsuits, and his success is wholly attributable to his own\\nindividual efforts. His chances for an education were\\nlimited, but observation and experience have been his\\nteachers, and he has proved an apt pupil. Industry,\\neconomy and quick perception are perhaps the most\\nsalient points in his character, and his success in the\\naccumulation of property is positive evidence of the\\nthe fact that industry, energy and economy are sure\\nof reward.\\nJAME.s H. BEAUCHAMP.\\nThe subject of this sketch, James H. Beauchamp,\\nwas born in Milton, April 3, 1847, and is a son of\\nManlove and Mary (Walton) Beauchamp, elsewhere\\nnoticed. Like his father, he was reared on a farm,\\nand aside from a commercial college course, has only\\nreceived a common school education, but has made\\nample use of his opportunities, and is accounted\\namong active, energetic and progressive farmers of the\\ntownship, and is ever ready to assist any enterprise\\nwhich will accrue to the advantage of the public,\\neither intellectually, morally or financially. He is,\\nat present, filling the office of Township Clerk the\\nsecond term. He is an active worker in the Repub-\\nlican party, and is a stanch adherent to the principles\\nof the same.\\nMr. Beauchamp is in possession of the old home-\\nstead, a fine view of which will be found on another\\npage, also portraits of his father and mother, which\\nfilial love prompted him to have here represented.\\nJanuary 6, 1875, he was united in marriage to Eva,\\ndaughter of Oscar M. and Martha A. (May) Dunning,\\nwho was born on August 4, 1852. Her father settled\\nin Ontwa in 1833, but having lost his wife by death,\\nmany years since, March, 1858, Mr. Dunning re-\\nmoved to Iowa. Mr. and Mrs. Beauchamp have\\nbeen blessed with three children as follows Hugh D.,\\nAnna C, Leroy M.\\nJAMES M. TRUITT.\\nJames M. Truitt, son of the prominent pioneer.\\nPeter Truitt, and Deborah (McKnitt), was born in Mil-\\nton Township April 17, 1837, which township has\\npractically been his home ever since. He received a\\ncommon school education, and was early taught habits\\nof industry. With the exception of three years spent\\nin Edwardiburg, in the agricultural implement busi-\\nness, he has devoted his attention to agricultural pur-\\nsuits, and having bsen reared to this avocation, is\\neminently successful, and is now numbered among the\\nprogressive and successful farmers of the township.\\nPolitically, he affiliates with the Democratic party, in\\nwhich he has full faith. April 22, 1860, he was\\nunited in marriage to Margaret, daughter of John R.\\nand Lettie Hicks, who was born in Niles, Mich., De-\\ncember 15, 1839. Her father, who came to Cass\\nCounty in 1835, lost his life while assisting in the\\nerection of a log house in Ohio. Her mother s death\\noccurred soon thereafter.\\nCHAPTER XXX.\\nSILVER CREEK.\\nSurvey\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Topography\u00e2\u0080\u0094 McDaniel the First Settler\u00e2\u0080\u0094 .\\\\rrival of Barney\\nSuits. Treat and their Families\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Organization-First Township\\nM\u00c2\u00abetlnt;\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First OfBcers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pioneer Wedding\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I okagon and His\\nBand\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Erection of the First Church- First Road\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Assessment\\nRoll of 1858\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Uucle Tommy\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Indian Sugar-Maltmg\\n-First School\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Later Settlers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Churches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List.\\nTHE exterior lines of this township designated in\\nthe field-notes, of the original survey as Town-\\nship No. 5 south. Range 16 west, was surveyed by\\nWilliam Brook field. Deputy Surveyor, March 17,\\n1827.\\nIts subdivisions, however, were not run out until\\nApril 24, 1830.\\nIt has the following surroundings Keeler Town-\\nship, Van Buren County on the north, Wayne on the\\neast, Pokagon on the south and the township of\\nPipestone, Van Buren County, forms its western\\nboundary.\\nOriginally the larger portion of the township was\\nheavily timbered, especially the southern and central\\nportions. Upon the east and north, however, were\\ntracts of oak openings a farm could be con-\\nstructed from this class of land with much less difficulty\\nthan from that denominated timbered land, and this\\nmay account in part for the first settlements being\\nmade in tlie northeast corner of the township.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0538.jp2"}, "539": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0r\\nW\\\\LU/Kf^ BILDEF^By\\\\CK,\\nJV1F(S.\\\\/^ILLIA^1 BILDEf^By^CK.\\nWILLIAM BILDERBACK.\\nWilliam Bilderback, one of the prorainent farmers\\nand pioneers of Silver Creek, was born in Salem,\\nSalem County, N. J., February 11, 1816. He\\nwas the eldest in the family of Thomas and Mary\\n(Hill) Bilderback, which consisted of seven. The\\nelder Bilderback was a farmer by occupation, a staid\\nand industrious man, but in limited circumstances,\\nand unable to give his children the advantages of\\neducation. In 1820, he removed with his family to\\nLebanon, Warren County, Ohio, then a new country,\\nwhere he resided until his decease. At the age of\\nten years William was thrown upon his own resources\\nand from that time cared for himself Early in life\\nhe learned that the road to success was no royal one,\\nbut that a competency was obtainable only through\\nlong years of persistent effort. The lesson thus early\\nreceived was productive of results, and may account in\\npart for the enviable position he now holds, both social-\\nly and in business. In 18:J0, he was married to Miss\\nSarah Nye, of Lebanon. Ohio, where she was born\\nMay 22. 1818. Six years after their marriage they\\ndecided to remove to Michigan, and in the spring of\\n1845, came to Berrien County, settling in the town-\\nship of Niles, where they resided until the spring of\\n18.50, when they came to Silver Creek, where he had\\npurchased a new farm of eighty acres, for which he\\npaid $2.50, running in debt for the larger portion.\\nHe commenced the development of his farm under\\nvery adverse circumstances, but with that energy that\\nhas characterized his subsequent efforts, and to the\\noriginal purchase he has made repeated additions un-\\ntil he now has an estate of 467 acres under good im-\\nprovement. He attributes a large portion of his suc-\\ncess to the efforts of his worthy wife, who has shared\\nhis trials and adversities, and who has been to him a\\nhelpmeet, in all that the name implies. Six\\nchildren have been born to them, Peter J., John,\\nWilliam W., Mary, Martha, and Sarah R. The\\nthree sons were among that noble band who did their\\ncountry service in the war of the rebellion. Peter\\nand William gave up their lives, not in the excitement\\nof battle, but from disease contracted from exposure\\nwhile in active service. John returned to his friends\\nand his home, and resides near the old place he is a\\nprosperous farmer. Mary is now Mrs. D. W. Sara-\\nmons Martha married James Momany Sarah R.,\\nElias Smith, all are residents of the County. In\\nhis religious and political affiliations, Mr. Bilderback\\nis a Methodist and a Republican. Mrs. Bilderback\\nis a worthy member of the Disciples Church. The\\nlife of Mr. Bilderback has been comparatively un-\\neventful, but made up of acts of every day life\\nhumble in themselves, but making up a grand aggre-\\ngate. He is emphatically the architect of his own\\nfortune, and his career is one worthy of emulation.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0539.jp2"}, "540": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0540.jp2"}, "541": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n355\\nIn the vicinity of Indian Lake there was originally\\na magnificent growth of sugar maple. Here the Pot-\\ntowatomies assembled every spring for the purpose\\nmaking sugar. They had several camps in this portion\\nof the township, the principal one being on the farm\\nnow owned by William Gilbert.\\nThere are several lakes in the township, the larger\\nand more important ones being Magician Lake, in the\\nnorth central part, Dewey s Lake, named in honor of\\none of the original settlers in that portion of the town-\\nship in which it is located, and Indian Lake in the\\nextreme southwest corner.\\nMagician Lake is the source of Silver Creek, so\\ncalled from the silvery appearance of its waters, caused\\nby a light coating of marl at the bottom from this\\nstream the township derived its name. It flows in an\\neasterly and southerly course, and empties into the\\nNorth Branch of Dowagiac Creek, which traverses the\\nsouthwest quarter of the township, through Sections\\n24, 26, 27 and 34. These two streams drain the east-\\nern portion of the township. Silver Creek has an\\nextended area of fertile and productive lands, and\\ncan boast of many beautiful and valuable farms, the\\nsoil for the most part is a fine loam, which produces\\nabundant crops of all kinds its farmers are progres-\\nsive and successful, and although its early settlers were\\nbeset with many difficulties not experienced by the\\npioneers of adjoining townships, it has earned and oc-\\ncupies a foremost position among the important town-\\nships of the county.\\nTHE PIONEERS AND FIRST SETTLEMENTS.\\nTo those now residing in a region in which he was\\nthe first to explore, and where he was the first to en-\\ndure the perils and privations of that almost savage\\ncondition, a pioneer life, the earliest settler is an\\nobject of especial interest. Many of these pioneers, in\\ntheir integrity of character, their kindness heart, their\\nhospitality, their contempt of danger, and their cheer-\\nful endurance of toil and privation, have claims upon\\nthe historian, other than the fact that they were the\\nfirst to settle here.\\nScarcely a more striking and inspiring figure can\\nbe presented than one of these hardy and athletic\\nfrontiersmen with only his family about him, estab-\\nlishing his home in the remote solitary wilderness.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2HisstrDa; ri^:i ha-ul ilie ritio grasps,\\nHis axe the left with equal vigor clasps,\\nWith equil ner/e prepared the foe to meet.\\nOr lay the forest prostrate at his feet.\\nThe first entry of land in Silver Creek was made\\nin Section 12, by James McDaniel, on the 16th of\\nDecember, 1834. The following spring, the exact\\ntime is not known, he made a permanent settlement;\\nlike most of the early settlers, he had a large family,\\nnone of whom are now living in the county. But little\\nis known of his antecedents farther than that he was\\na native of North Carolina, from whence he removed\\nto Ohio he was a man of powerful physique and a\\nfine type of the frontiersman one of those advent-\\nurous individuals, who form the advance guard of civ-\\nilization. McDaniels built his cabin on the site now\\noccupied by the residence of E. B. Godfrey, and to\\nhim belongs the honor of erecting the first house and\\nplowing the first furrow, aside from connecting his\\nname with many of the initial events in the history of\\nthe township in which he was the first settler.\\nEvidently, he was a man possessed of energy and\\nenterprise, for soon after the completion of his cabin\\nhe commenced the erection of a saw- mill on Silver\\nCreek, subsequently known as the Barney Mill. For\\nlack of funds or other reasons, he failed to carry his\\nproject to a successful termination, and, about 1838,\\nhe sold his property, including the mill, to Henry\\nBarney. He disposed of the portion on which the\\nmill was located, to his son John G. A., who, in com-\\npany with his father, completed it. After the dispo-\\nsition of his property, he again took up the line of\\nmarch, and removed to Arkansas.\\nOctober 19, 1835, John Barney, afterward familiarly\\nknown as Judge Barney, entered 160 acres of land on\\nSection 2. He was also from Ohio, and was the\\nsecond permanent resident of the township. The\\nprecise date of his arrival is also uncertain, but it was\\nsome time in the spring of 1836. With him came his\\nfamily, consisting of his wife and six children four\\nsons and two daughters. Mr. Barney was an ener-\\ngetic, ambitious man, and possessed of a good deal of\\nnatural shrewdness and business acumen. He imme-\\ndiately took a prominent part in the affairs of the\\ntownship, and soon became one of its leading spirits,\\nand identified himself rather prominently with its\\npioneer history.\\nIn 1843, he erected a furniture manufactory on the\\ncreek, and many articles of household furniture were\\nmanufactured, including the old-fashioned spinning-\\nwheel, then an article of every-day use.\\nProminent among the names of the early pioneers\\nis that of Jacob A. Suits, whose settlement dates back\\nto September 1, 1836. Mr. Suits, who came from\\nJohnstown, Montgomery Co., N. Y., found on his\\narrival that his was the fifth family, the others being\\nMcDaniels, John Barney, Daniel Van Horn and\\nPhilander B. Dunning. The family of Mr. Suits con-\\nsisted of his wife and six children, three sons and three\\ndaughters Adam, Joseph, Jacob, Lucinda, Phebe ami\\nDelia M. He built the fifth house in the township,\\non the farm now owned by his son .\\\\dam, who is un-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0541.jp2"}, "542": {"fulltext": "356\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIOrAN.\\ndoubtedly the oldest resident. He died in Silver\\nCreek in 1844, in the forty-sixth of his age.\\nAt the time of Mr. Suits settlement in the town-\\nship, there were but three families between his farm\\nand Paw Paw, and as showing the proximity of their\\nneighbors, Mr. Adam Suits relates the following inci-\\ndent which occurred soon after their arrival The\\nfamily being out of butter, Mrs. Suits desired her\\nhusband to ascertain where some could be purchased.\\nMeeting Mr. Barney, he solicited the desired informa-\\ntion, and was informed that their nearest neighbor on\\nthe south, Mr. Thomas Burk, of Pokagon, had butter j\\nto sell on inquiring the distance, Mr. Barney in- I\\nformed him that it was only eleven miles. Adam was\\ndetailed to make the purchase and bring home the\\nbutter, which he did.\\nIn September, 1837. Timothy Treat with his family, I\\nconsisting of his wife and eight children Fidelia, Al-\\nmira. Ruby, James B., Louisa, Ira, Willard and Wal-\\nlace left their home in Aurora, Erie County, N.\\nY., in a lumber wagon, in which were stored their\\nhousehold goods, for Cass County, which was at that\\ntime considered to be on the extreme verge of civiliz-\\nation. Their departure was ijuite an event in the\\nneighborhood, and their neighbors and friends assem-\\nbled early to bid them good-bye, and wish them God-\\nspeed. The journey was devoid of any incident\\nworthy of record, and they arrived at the residence of\\nJames Griffis, an old friend, who had settled near Ed-\\nwardsburg, about October 1. After a residence of\\ntwo years in the town of Ontwa, he removed to Silver\\nCreek and settled on lands purchased of John Bar-\\nney. They came into the township from the south,\\nand at Indian Lake they found a track running in a\\nnortheasterly direction, winding around fallen trees\\nand swamps. At the southeast corner of Section 16 j\\nthe road forked, one branch leading to Dewey s Lake,\\nthe other to their future home. Some disconsolate\\nemigrant had preceded them, and evidently was not\\nfavorably impressed with the country to which they i\\nwere going, and with evident good intention he had\\nerected a primitive guide-post by removing the bark\\nfrom a tree on which he had written with red chalk\\nthe ominous inscription Turn to the left and go to\\nthe Devil. In 1837, a decided impetus was given to\\nthe development of the township by several arrivals, j\\nAmong the number was John Woolman, the first resi-\\ndent surveyor, who took up land on Section 29, on\\nwhich he built a cabin. lie returned to Ohio, from\\nwhich State he emigrated the following year, as his\\nname is found on the records of 1888. Henry Dewey,\\none of the early settlers of Pokagon, entered land on Sec.\\n8 in 1835. The date of his settlement is not known.\\nDaniel Blish is positive that it was not until 1841. It\\nmay have been shortly before this time. Dewey was\\na man of energy and remarkable industry, and was an\\nimportant accession. At the time of his settlement\\nin Silver Creek, he owned a tract of land in Pokagon\\non which he had made substantial improvements, but\\nthe land in the vicinity of the lake which bears his\\nname possessed many attractions, among others its\\nproximity to the lake, which at the time was alive\\nwith fish. This fact is given as the principal reason\\nfor his change of location.\\nAmong other arrivals in this year were James\\nAllen. Joseph and William Van Horn, Benjamin B.\\nDunning, Eli W. Veach, Patrick Hamilton, Harwood\\nSellick, James McOmber, Jabes Cady, Israel Sallee,\\nGeorge McCreary, James Hall, William Brooks and\\nothers.\\n1837 was an eventful year for Silver Creek. In\\nMarch of this year, the township was organized in ac-\\ncordance with an act of the Legislature, approved\\nMarch 20, 1887, which reads as follows That all\\nthat part of the county of Cass, designated by the\\nUnited States survey as Township 5 south. Range\\n16 west, be set off and organized into a separate\\ntownship by the name of Silver Creek, and the first\\ntown meeting therein shall be held at the house of\\nJames McDaniel in said township. Previous to this\\ntime, it was a part of Pokagon, which also embraced,\\naside from its present territory, the north half of the\\ntownship of Howard. The citizens were evidently in\\na hurry to assume the management of their own affairs,\\nfor the second Monday in April found them convened\\nat the place appointed, for the purpose of electing\\ntownship officials. Timothy Treat was elected Super-\\nvisor Benjamin Dunaing, Treasurer and James\\nAllen, Township Clerk. No record is extant of the\\nbalance of the ticket.\\nIn the same month, an event is recorded that was of\\nfar more importance to the parties directly interested\\nthan the organization of the township, viz., the mar-\\nriage of John McDaniel, son of James McDaniel, the\\nfirst settler, to Miss Delilah Mendenhall, daughter of\\none of the prominent citizens of the township the\\nfacilities afforded for matrimonial speculation at this\\ntime were rather meager no minister had as yet taken\\nup his residence in the township, and they were\\nobliged to repair on horseback to the county seat where\\nthey were joined in the holy bonds of wedlock,\\nApril 21, 1837, by Squire Joseph Harper. After\\nthe ceremony was performed, the usual congratu-\\nlations followed, and it is said that the happy groom\\nreturned in an exihilarated condition, whether caused\\nby the successful termination of his matrimonial vent-\\nure or from other causes is not stated. This was the\\nfirst marriage.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0542.jp2"}, "543": {"fulltext": "ix^%m", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0543.jp2"}, "544": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0544.jp2"}, "545": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n857\\nIn accordance with the stipulations of the treaty\\nat the Carey Mission in 1828, the Pottawatomie\\nchief, Pokagon, and his band, were exempted from\\nremoval beyond the Mississippi with the other Indians\\nof Southwestern Michigan, and in 1836 they pur-\\ncha9ed from Government 914 acres of land in this\\ntownship. In 1837, they took possession of the pur-\\nchase, and, although the title was vested in Pokagon,\\nmany of his tribe had furnished funds, and to these\\nwere allotted tracts of a few acres each in proportion\\nto the amount invested. On the advent of Pokagon s\\neldest son Pete, who succeeded the old chief, they were\\nindiscriminately ousted. Through this high-handed\\ntreachery, and from othercauses, the original number,\\n300, has dwindled down to a few families. Pokagon,\\nthe elder, was a devout Roman Catholic, and in 1838\\nbuilt the first church in the township. Its erection\\ncaused him much trouble, as a great deal of prejudice\\nexisted among the whites against this denomination,\\nand they declined to render any assistance in raising\\nthe structure, the Indians not possessing sufficient\\ningenuity to do the work unaided. In this dilemma,\\nPokagon went to John G. A. Barney, to whom he\\nrelated his troubles. Mr. Barney kindly offered his\\nassistance and told him to get his logs together and\\nthat he would help him out of his difficulty. This\\npleased the old chief, and the material was soon in\\nreadiness, and Mr. Barney, accompanied by his three\\nhired men, fulfilled his promise. For a complete his-\\ntory of this church and Pokagon s identification with\\nit, we refer the reader to the history of the church on\\nanother page.\\nThe first road constructed was surveyed by John\\nWoolman, Sr., under the direction of John Barney.\\nThe northern part was a continuation of a road run-\\nning south from the Territorial road, in Keeler Town-\\nship, and entered Silver Creek at a point about 160 I\\nrods east of Magician Lake, and running south\\nthrough Section 2, thence east about three-quarters\\nof a mile. From this point it took a southeasterly\\ncourse, leaving the township on the northeast corner I\\nof Section 24, and from thence east, intersecting the 1\\nNiles and Kalamazoo road at Twin Lakes in the town-\\nship of Wayne. The road was built by the State, and i\\nthe survey was made in 1837 or 1838. The next road\\nof which we have been able to obtain any definite\\nknowledge was called the Pokagon road, Niles being\\nthe southern terminal point. It is probable that it\\nwas surveyed in 1839, and that work upon it was\\ncommenced in that year or the year following. This\\nwas an important road, as it opened communication\\nwith Niles on the south and the Territorial road on the\\nnorth; it followed an Indian trail for its general\\ndirection. Among the township records tiie following\\nagreement can be found which throws some light upon\\nthe date of its construction, and which is here given\\nverbatim\\nFor value received of the Commissioners of Highways of Silver\\nCreek Township, I promise to clear out eighty rods in length and\\nfour rods in width, commencing where I left off last summer in\\nthe Pokagon road, which I promise to do by the Ist of June next.\\n.Iamks Allkn.\\nSilver Cheek, March 17, 1841.\\nThe attention of settlers was not wholly taken up\\nby the building of roads and the improvement of their\\nfarms, and, although newspapers were not known,\\nand their time, from early morn until late at night,\\nwas devoted to work, still they paid due attention to\\npolitical matters, and from the records of the first\\nelection succeeding the first township meeting, we find\\nthat the Whig element largely predominated. The\\nfollowing is the poll list\\nFirst day\u00e2\u0080\u0094 E. Shaw, W. W. Barney, Joseph Spen-\\ncer, John McDaniel, Henry Dewey, John Barney,\\nJohn Woolman, A. Barney, Samuel Stockwell.\\nSecond day Jacob Suits, P. B. Dunning, William\\nBrooks, James Allen, Timothy Treat, James Hall.\\nIn the November election of the next year, 1839,\\na slight accession was made to the voting population,\\nand the following is the recorded list Sullivan Treat,\\nElihu Shaw, William Brooks, William Earl, Henry\\nBarney, John Woolman, Sr,, John Woolman, Jr.,\\nOrin Hungerford, W. W. Barney, Samuel Adams,\\n0. C. Smith, William Mendenhall, John G. A, Bar-\\nney, James Allen, James Hall, Jonathan W, Robin-\\nson, Jacob Suits, Alanson Parks.\\nThe following list embraces the names of all those\\nwho were assessed as resident taxpayers in the year\\n1838, and the valuation of their lands, and shows the\\nprogress made up to this time.\\nWith the exception of Patrick Hamilton, James\\nMcOmber and a few others, it seems that no settle-\\nments had been made in the south half of the town-\\nship\\nWilliam Brooks $452\\nJacob Suits 906\\nGeorge McCreary 240\\nJohn Barney 1179\\nJames McUanicl.,,.. 672\\nSimon Van Horn 622\\nWilliam Mendenhall 1262\\nI hilander B. Dunning 609\\nTimothy Treat 396\\nJames Hall 730\\nIsrael Sallee 286\\nBenj. B. Dunning 492\\nSullivan Treat 240\\nJabes Cady 24(1\\nHenry Dewey 1571\\nJohn Woolman 947\\nJames McOmber 52*\\nPatrick Hamilton 1690\\nAbagail Shumway 480", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0545.jp2"}, "546": {"fulltext": "358\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nW. W. Barney 175\\nNeapon Pokagon 2602\\nJamea Allen 590\\nJason Howard 880\\nJames Raymond 480\\nA. Middlebrook 720\\nLyman A. Spaulding 1407\\nWilliam McKay 12)\\nThe following is a list of the original land entries\\nin Silver Creek, showing each section, number of\\nacres, date of each entry and residence of the parties\\nSkction 1.\\nJames Raymond, Berrien County, Mich., Oct. 9, 1836 160\\nJoseph Vanhorn, Marion County, Ohio, Oct. 19, 1835 160\\nWilliam Mendenhall, Cass County Mich., July 21, 18.S6 324\\nSection 2.\\nAbram Middlebrook, Saratoga County, N. Y., Oct. 9, 1835... 160\\nJohn Barney, Crawford County, Ohio, Oct. 19, 1835 160\\nLyman A. Spaulding, Niagara County, N. Y., Nov. 10, 1835... 160\\nBenjamin B. Dunning. Cass County, Mich., Jan. 20, 1837 164\\nSection 3.\\nWilliam McKay, Steuben County, N. Y., Sept. 29, 1835 4\\nLyman A. Spaulding, Oct. 28, 1835.. 309\\nRichard J. Wells. New York City, Feb. 23, 1836 173\\nSection 4.\\nGardner Scott, Livingston County, N. Y., Sept. 29, 1835 29\\nHarriet Dresser, Livingston County, N. Y., Oct. 2, 1835 82\\nLuther Guiteau, Jr., Oneida County, N. Y., Oct. 7, 1835 101\\nGuiteau S: Keeler, Oneida County, N. Y., Oct. 8, 1835 10\\nRichard J. Wells, New York City, Feb. 23, 1836 118\\nSection a.\\nAmos Dow, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 9, 1836 66\\nWilliam B. Wade, Cass County, Mich., May 2, 1836 80\\nSamuel Fletcher, Livingston County, N. Y., July 9, 1836 128\\nWilliam B. Fowler, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 3, 1845 38\\nSection 6.\\nDavidson Gardner, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 12, 1836 68\\nDavidson Gardner, Cass County, Mich., May 2, 1830 65\\nBradford Wood, Albany County, N. Y., April 30, 1830 137\\nSamuel Morton, April 29, 1836 123\\nJohn R. Connine, Jan. 3. 1849 148\\nSection 7.\\nErastus Corning, Albany, N. Y., April 19, 1836 289\\nRandolph Brant, New York City, April 20, 1836 320\\nSection 8.\\nHenry Dewey, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31 and Nov. 9. 1835, 100\\nAmos Dow, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 9, 1835 167\\nZadok Jarvia, Casa County, Mich., Jan. 12, 1836 80\\nCharles C, Glover, Kings County, N. Y., July 18, 1836 100\\nSection 9.\\nJames Hall, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 3, 1835 80\\nZadok Jarvis, Caas County, Midi., Jan. 12, 1836 80\\nIsrael Sallee, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 6, 1830 (SO\\nRichard J. Wells, Feb. 23, 1830 160\\nBradford R. Wood, April 30, 1830 80\\nJohn Stark, Casa County, Mich., May 4, 1852 63\\n.Tohn Cullinane, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 12, 1853 14\\nSection 10.\\nJames Hall, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 3, 1835 80\\nPhilander B. Dunning, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 14, 1830 80\\nRichard J. Wells, New York City, Feb. 23, 1836 160\\nJason Harwood, Rutland County, Vt April 20, 1836 80\\nJames Allen, Caas County, Mich., April 23, 1836 80\\nWilliam Brooks, Caas County, Mich., July 20, 1836 120\\nWilliam W. Barney, Cass County, Mich., .\\\\pril 12, 1837 4(1\\nSection- 11.\\nJohn B. Riddok, Berrien County, Mich., Aug. 12, 1835 40\\nIsaac S. Stone, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 9, 1835 160\\nPokagon, Berrien County, Mich.. Nov. 29, 1836 80\\nJacob A. Suits, Van Buren County, Nov. 30, 1836 80\\nPokagon, Berrien County, Mich., Dec. 7, 1830 210\\nGeorge McCreary, Wayne, Jan. 1, 1838 40\\nSection 12.\\nJamea McDaniels, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 16, 1834 80\\nJohn B. Riddok, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 29, 1835 40\\nJames McDaniel, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 3, 1835 80\\nJohn McDaniel, Cass County, Mich., Sept 3, 1835 80\\nWilliam St. Clair, Crawford County, Ohio, Oct. 19, 1835 280\\nHenry Harwood, Monroe County, Oct. 19, 1835 40\\nSullivan Treat, Cass County, Mich., May 17, 1836 40\\nSection 13.\\nBernard McConnell, Rutland County, Vt., April 20, 1836 80\\nEleazer H. Keeler, Van Buren County, April 20, 1836 160\\nHenry D. Bostwick, Van Buren County, Nov. 28, 1830 80\\nFreeman M. Spencer, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 22, 1846 40\\nDaniel Spencer, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 20, 1840 40\\nAmos Thompson, Cass County, Mich., June 16, 1848 40\\nHoratio Rider, Cass County, Mich., June 29, 1849 160\\nSection 14.\\nBaldwin Jenkins, Casa County, Mich., Jan. 11, 1836 160\\nJason Harwood, Rutland County, Vt., April 20, 1836 80\\nPo-ka-gon, Berrien County, xMich., Nov. 29, 1836 218\\nPo-ka-gon, Berrien, Van Buren County, May 30, 1838 40\\nJoetah Nesten (Indian), Cass County, Mich,, Jan. 20, 1848... 40\\nJoseph Wish-shaw-wess (Indian), and Lois Taga (Pty. In-\\ndian), Cass County, Mich.. Jan. 3, 1849 40\\nSection 16.\\nJohn Barney, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 20, 1835 40\\nJamea Allen, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 9, 1835 80\\nJason Harwooi, April 20, 1830 80\\n.\\\\ndrew E. Jackaon,Caas County, Mich., Feb. 1, 1837 80\\nJames Dickson, Caaa County, Mich., March 4, 1837 100\\nJoseph Gardner, Cass County, Mich., March 7, 1837 80\\nTimothy Moshier, Cass County, Mich., March 7, 1837 40\\nThomas Easton, Berrien County, Mich., Nov. 4, 1851 40\\nSection 10.\\nSchool Lauds.\\nSection 17.\\nZadok Jarvis, Caas County, Mich., Jan. 12, 1836 40\\nRandolph Brant, New York City, April 20, 1836 320\\nBradford R. Wood. .Albany County, N. Y., April 30, 1836 160\\n1", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0546.jp2"}, "547": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN\\n359\\nSection 18.\\nAOBIS. I\\nJoseph WelU, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 11, 1836 68 j\\nIsaac W. Ducketl, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 11, 183f, 160 i\\nErastus Corning. Albany, N. Y., April 19, 1836 227\\nBradford R. Wood, Albany, N. Y., April 30, 1836 160\\nSECTroN 19.\\n.Joseph Wells, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 11, 1836 120\\nlirastus Corning, Albany, N. Y., April 19, 1836 297\\nIsaac W. Duokett, Caes County, Mich., April 22 and May 12,\\n18311 160\\nTimothy Mosher. Cass County, Mich., March 16, 1837 40\\nSection 20.\\nJoseph Rideuour, Portage County. Ohio, Aug. 29, 1835 160 i\\nAbram Middlebrook, Saratoga County, N. Oct. 9, 1835.... 80\\nReuben Wright, Saratoga County, N. Y., Oct. 9, 1835 80\\nBradford R. Wood, Albany, N. Y., April 30, 1836 160 j\\nPeabody Cook. Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1837 80\\nJoseph Gardner, Cass County, Mich 80\\nSection 21.\\nJames L. I arent, Berrien County, Oct. 9, 1835 80\\nPo-ka-gon, Berrien County, Nov. 29, 1836 80\\nPo-ka-gon, Berrien County, Jan. 31, 1837 80\\nIsaac M. Avery, Kalamazoo County, March 16, 1837 80 i\\nJames Dixon, Cass County, Mich., March 28, 1836 160\\nRobert Morris, Kalamazoo County, Nov. 19, 1839 160\\nSection 22.\\nBaldwin Jenkins, Cass County, Mich., Jan. II, 1836 80\\nAaron Jenkins, Cass County, Mich., May 12, 1836 80\\nPo-ka-gon, Berrien County, Jan. 31, 1837 160\\nStephen Curtis, Cass County, Mich., March 16, 1837 80\\nCurtis Mosher, Cass County, Mich., March 25, 1837 120\\nSection 23.\\nBaldwin Jenkins, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 11, 1836 80\\nHenry M. Boies, Lenawee County, Feb. 8, 1854 320\\nSection 24\\nHenry M. Boies, Feb. 8, 1854 640\\nSection 25.\\nMicajah B. McKenney, Cass County, Mich., March 25 and 30,\\n1836 160\\nElias Gleason, Madison County, N. Y., April 28, 1836 160\\nJoseph Caldwell, Cass County, Mich., May 5, 1837 40\\nGeorge Hamilton, Cass County, Mich. Feb. 5, 1838 40\\nJames Dixon, Cass County, Mich., July 16, 1836 80\\nDaniel McOmber, Cass County, Mich., March 1, 1850 40\\nIsaac S. Bull, Dowagiac, Dec. 23, 1853 40\\nGeorge H. House, lugham County, Nov. 1, 1862 80\\nSection 26.\\nSolomon Veach, Cass County, Mich., .March 21, 1837 40\\nJonathan Hartsell, Cass County, Mich., March 21, 1837 80\\nEli W. Veach, Cass County, Mich March 2, 1837 40\\nJoseph Caldwell, Cass County, Mich., May 26, 1837 40\\nStephen Maddox, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 23, 1837 160\\nRobert Watson, Warren County, Ohio, Sept. 1. 1837 80\\nSection 27.\\nEli W. Veach, Cass County, Mich., May 5, 1837 80\\nJohn K. Hinchman, Cass County, .Mich., July 6, 1850 40\\nWilliam Smith, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 2, 1857 40\\nMitchell Robinson, Ca\u00c2\u00bbs County, Mich., Sept. 8, 1852 40\\nSection 28.\\nWilliam Davison, Butler County, Ohio, Feb. 13, 1837 ItiO\\nNancy Lybrook, Cass County, Mich., March 2, 1837 80\\nGeorge Bedford, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 2, 1841 80\\nGeorge Bedford, Cass County, Mich., May 15, 1848 80\\nRebecca Burk, Cass County, Mich., March 15, 1848 40\\nB. I. Lybrook, Berrien County, March 15, 1848 40\\nBaltzer Lybrook, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 3, 1851 40\\nWilliam B. Gilbert, (^ass County, Mich., Nov. 4, 1851 80\\nSection 29.\\nJoseph Ridenour, Preble County, Ohio, Aug. 29, 1835 160\\nJohn Woolman, Cass ounty, Mich., Oct. 14. 1835 80\\nGeorge Kimmel, Berrien County, July 18, 1836 400\\nSection 30.\\nErastus Corning, Albany, N. Y., April 19, 1836 301\\nIsaac W. Duckett, Cass County, Mich., April 22, 1836 80\\nDavid True. Cass County, Mich., March 1 and 7, 1837 80\\nSection 31.\\nJohn Woolman, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 14, 1835 59\\nErastus Corning, Albany, N. V., April 19, 1836 47\\nThomas Lawrence, .New York City, .\\\\pril 20, 1836 157\\nSection 32.\\nIsaac Ridenour, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 29, 1835 80\\nJohn Woolman, Sr., Cass County, Mich., Oct. 20, 1836 80\\nJohn Woolman, Sr., Cass County, Mich., Nov. 16, 1835 80\\nHiram Dodge, Lenawee County, March 14, 1836 160\\nJoseph Bertrand, Jr., Berrien County, April 27, 1836 80\\nGeorge Kimmel Berrien County, July 18, 1836 160\\nSection 33.\\nJedediah Perkins, New London, Conn., July 18, 1836 160\\nWilliam Davison, Butler County, Feb. 13, 1837 160\\nPriest Loomis, Berrien County, Feb. 21, 1837 160\\nDaniel Blish, Cass County, Mich., March 15, 1848 40\\nSection 34.\\nJedediah Perkins, New London, Conn., July 18, 1836 640\\nSection 85.\\nFred Veeder, Monroe County, N. Y., Nov. 25, 1835 160\\nJedediah Perkins, July 18, 1836 160\\nPatrick Hamilton, Cass County, Mich., April 7, 1837 160\\nLudwill Robinson, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 30, 1844 40\\nAsa Dow, Cass County, Mich Feb. 23, 1853 80\\nSection 36.\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich., .March 14, 1836 160\\nHiram Dodge, Lenawee County, .March 14, 1836 240\\nElias Gleason, Madison County, N. Y., April 28, 1836 80\\nTitus Husted, Cass County, Mich., April 23, 1836 160\\nImmediately west of the northern part of Indian\\nLake is a tract of land that in a state of nature must\\nhave offered many attractions to those in search of\\nhomes. It was covered with a magnificent growth of\\nsugar maple. It had a rich and productive soil, and\\nwas but ten miles distant from Niles, then a thriving\\nlittle hamlet. For some unexplained reason, no one\\nfully appreciated the advantages offered until 1839,\\nwhen William B. Gilbert, in search of a desirable lo-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0547.jp2"}, "548": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CARS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ncation, purchased 400 acres of the tract above referred\\nto from John Woolman and George Kiramell, who had\\nentered it in 1836.\\nMr. Gilbert came from Springfield, Otsego Co.,\\nN. Y., which place he left in the spring or summer of\\n1838 for an extended tour of observation in the West.\\nHe made a short stop in the Township of Pokagon,\\nand afterward continued his journey further west.\\nFailing to find a locality that, in his judgment, offered\\n80 many advantages to the permanent settler as\\ndid the county of Cass, he returned to Pokagon,\\nand shortly afterward went back to Otsego County for\\nhis family. His description of the beauty of the\\ncountry, the fertility of the soil, and the ultimate ad-\\nvantages arising from settlement, induced two of his\\nneighbors, Daniel Shaul and David Waltar, to accom-\\npany him. In the spring of 1839, they left the place\\nof their nativity with their families and household\\ngoods loaded in wagons, for their future homes. They\\ncame by the way of Ohio, and arrived in Pokagon in\\nJune, after a long and tedious journey. In July, he\\nmade his purchase. He and Mr. Shaul immediately\\ncommenced the improvement of their purchases they\\nbuilt their cabins, into which they removed in the lat-\\nter part of the year.\\nLike many others who availed themselves of the\\ncheap and fertile lands of Michigan, Mr. Waltar had\\nexhausted his resources in his removal, and had not\\nthe available funds for the purchase of lands. He\\ntook a job of clearing six acres of land, and with the\\namount thus earned purchased forty acres on Section\\n33. The energy and pluck thus exhibited was pro-\\nphetic of future success, and he ultimately acquired a\\nlarge property, and became one of the successful men\\nof the township.\\nMr. Gilbert entered into the affairs of the town-\\nship and the improvement of his estate with charac-\\nteristic energy and zeal he dealt extensively in wild\\nlands, and rendered material aid in the settling and\\ndevelopment of the township.\\nIn 1840, in company with John Woolman, he took\\na contract of the State to construct four miles of road\\non what is now known as the town line road between\\nPokagon and Silver Creek.\\nMr. Gilbert, or Uncle Tommy, as he was famil-\\niarly known, resided in Silver Creek until his decease,\\nwhich occurred in his seventy-fourth year. His\\nyoungest son, Eugene B., one of the prominent\\nfarmers of the township, resides on the old home-\\nstead, on the banks of Indian Lake. William resides\\non a part of the original purchase. He states that,\\non his farm there was, in the early days, an Indian\\nChurch, also several Indian sugar camps.\\nThe Indians seldom made their sugar into cakes.\\nTheir usual process was to stir it with a stick while\\ncooling, thus graining it. They put this in quantities\\nof one-half bushel or less into Mococks, which\\nwere made of birch bark, sewed together with thongs\\nmade from slippery-elm bark.\\nThese mococks, filled with sugar, were strung in\\npairs over the pony s back, making him look like an\\nEastern donkey loaded with panniers of oranges.\\nThus loading the ponies, they would bestride them\\nand go to the She-mo-ka-man s cabin to swap for\\nquas-gun (bread), sara-mock (tobacco) or any other\\narticle they wanted. It is said that those witnessing\\nits manufacture were not especially anxious to pur-\\nchase for their own consumption.\\nAnderson Gilbert resides in Keeler, Van Buren\\nCounty. Julia A. married Daniel Blish, who, for\\nmany years, represented Silver Creek on the Board\\nof Supervisors, and resides in Dowagiac. Jane, now\\nMrs. Dexter Gushing, lives about two miles north of\\nthe old home. The first marriage that occurred in\\nthis locality took place at the residence of Squire\\nBlish, who performed the ceremony. The parties\\nwere a Miss Dewey and Joseph Waltar. The first\\ndeath was a daughter of David Waltar.\\nTHE FIRST SCHOOL.\\nBut 900Q they knocked the wigwam down.\\nAnd pine tree trunk and limb\\nBegan to sprout among the leaves,\\nIn shape of steeple slim\\n.4nd soon was heard the siw-mill s clack\\nAlong the river s brim,\\nAnd up the little schoolhouse shot.\\nTo keep the boys in trim.\\nThe first recorded evidence of a school is found in\\nthe report of the school inspectors for 1839. There\\nwere four organized districts, District No. 1 being the\\nonly one in which a school was taught. There were\\ntwenty-nine scholars in the district, twenty-six of\\nwhom were in attendance. One hundred and fifty\\ndollars was raised for the purpose of building a school-\\nhouse, and twenty dollars for library purposes.\\nA terra of three months was taught, and the text-\\nbooks used were Webster s Elementary Spelling Book,\\nEnglish Reader, Emerson s Juvenile Reader, Olney s\\nGeography and Smiley s Arithmetic. J. B. Treat\\nis positive in his statement that the schoolhouse re-\\nferred to in the report was not built until the fall of\\n1841. The probability, however, is that it was built\\nin 1840, on the southwest quarter of Section 1. Nel-\\nson Copley was undoubtedly the first teacher, and\\namong the pupils were Martin Mendenhall, Jacob\\nSuits, Joseph Suits, J. B. Treat, Lucinda Suits, Phil-\\nlip Mendenhall, George McDaniels, David McDaniels,\\nWilliam Barney, Jane Van Houghton, Ira Treat,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0548.jp2"}, "549": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0549.jp2"}, "550": {"fulltext": "B/LTZEF^ L/Ef\\\\OOK.\\nBALTZER LYBROOK.\\nBaltzer Lybrook was born in Giles County, Va.,\\nMay 19, 1824. He was the son of Isaac and Nancy\\n(Burk) Lybrook, who reared a family of two sons,\\nBaltzer and Isaac, Jr. The elder Lybrook was a\\nplanter, and a gentleman of education In 1824, he\\nremoved to Preble County, Ohio, where he died in the\\nspring of 1825, leaving his widow and two sons in\\nlimited circumstances. Mrs. Lybrook was a native of\\nGiles County, where she was born Nov. 5th, 1795\\nher father, John Burk, also a native of the same\\ncounty, was one of its first settlers, and in his day a\\nman of prominence, occupying many positions of\\ntrust and emolument. In 1828, Mrs. Lybrook s fam-\\nily decided to remove to Michigan, and she resolved\\nto follow their fortunes. She was illy supplied with\\nthe necessary means to enable her to establish herself\\nand boys in a new country, but she resolutely faced\\nall the dangers and privations incident to life in a\\nnew country, and in the autumn of 1828 settled in\\nPokagon. She was a woman of much force of cliar-\\nfA?{S. B. L/BI^OOf^.\\nacter, and endowed with more business ability than\\nmost women. With her needle she earned a sum suf-\\nficient to purchase one hundred and sixty acres of\\nland, eighty of which were in Berrien County, to which\\nshe removed in 1840, and where she died in 1871, in\\nher seventy-fifth year. Baltzer was four years of age\\nat the time of their removal to Michigan. At the\\nage of sixteen, he went to Berrien County, where he\\nresided until 1851, at which time he returned to Cass\\nCounty, settling in the township of Silver Creek on a\\nnew farm. In 1850, he was married to Miss Eliza-\\nbeth, daughter of Henry Miller, of Preble County.\\nShe was born in Montgomery County, in March of\\n1832, and came to Michigan in 1849 four children\\nhave been born to them Lewis C, Andrew L., Eliza\\nB. and Anna B. Mr. Lybrook has always followed\\nagricultural pursuits, and in his chosen vocation has\\nbeen successful he has acquired a competency, and\\noccupies a prominent position among the best citizens\\nof the county.\\nJ", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0550.jp2"}, "551": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0551.jp2"}, "552": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0552.jp2"}, "553": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY. MICHIGAN.\\nMaria Van Houghton, Ruby Treat and Louisa\\nTreat.\\nIn the south part of the township, the first school-\\nhouse was erected in the center of Section 29, and\\nthe first school was taught by Miss Elizabeth Hall,\\nnow Mrs. Freeman Spencer. Among the pupils were\\nEli Ridenour, William Ridenour, Susan Ridenour, Me-\\nrinda Shaul, Anderson Shaul, Elwood Wooiman, Jane\\nGilbert, Mary Jane Wooiman, Eugene B. Gilbert,\\nGeorge Knapp, Anderson Gilbert, Monroe Knapp,\\nMelvina Knapp and Josephine Knapp.\\nThe first disciple of Esculapius who administered\\nto the necessities of the people of Silver Creek was\\nDr. Jacob Allen, of Whitmanville, and the first resi-\\ndent physician was Dr. William Fowler.\\nThe first storekeeper was John G. A. Barney.\\nHe carried on quite a trade with the Indians for\\nseveral years, buying their furs and skins and fur-\\nnishing them with provisions, etc.\\nAn Indian by the name of Topash also kept a store\\non Long Lake. His business was, of course, confined\\nexclusively to the Indians, and evidently was not very\\nprofitable or congenial, as he remained but a short\\ntime.\\nPOSTMASTERS.\\nMail carrying has passed through several eras since\\nthe pioneer period. It was first carried by a man on\\nfoot; then came the post boy, the stagecoach, and\\nthen the railway train. The first paper used was the\\nfoolscap, then the small business sheet. The letter\\nwas at first folded, one side of the paper being left\\nblank, so as to form its own envelope, and was sealed\\nwith wax or wafer. Then came the patent envelope,\\nwhich was considered to be quite an innovation, and\\nlast, the stamped self-sealing envelope.\\nThe first post office was a very primitive aff air. It\\nwas only used when there was no settler s house cen-\\ntral enough to accommodate the inhabitants. It con-\\nsisted of a small box, with two parts inside and lid on\\ntop, and nailed to a tree located as stated above. In\\nthis box the post boy left the mail and took the letters\\nto be sent away as he passed by on his route and,\\nas evidence of the good character of the people, steal-\\ning letters from or in any way interfering with this\\nbox was never heard of.\\nWhether the people of Silver Creek ever availed\\nthemselves of this primitive post office is not known\\nthe probability is that they did not, as the earliest\\npost office in the township was at the residence of\\nJames Allen, he being the first Postmaster. Cushing\\nis the only office within the township at this time, and\\nis located in the west central part of the township.\\nThe first architecture arose from the simplest needs\\nof men. The earliest inhabitants of the earth dwelt\\nin the woods or caves for shelter. The next step was\\nthe tent of the simplest shepherd or the rude hut of\\nlogs. In place of the latter, the early settler found\\nhere another type the Indian, or the dwellers in\\nwigwams. Improving somewiiat on the earliest style of\\narchitecture, the pioneer reared his log cabin in sight\\nof his dusky neighbor s wigwam but in a short time\\nthe log house, with its huge fireplace, and stick chim-\\nney, and rude furniture, was superseded by the frame\\nhouse. The first house of this character in Silver\\nCreek was built by Henry Dewey, a carpenter by\\nthe name of Shaw doing the work.\\nBy reference to the original land entries, it will be\\nseen that twenty-eight years elapsed between the first\\nentry, made by McDaniels, in 1834, and that of\\nGeorge H. House, in 1862. In 1850, there were\\nover 1,500 acres of Government land. The second\\ndecade did not witness a rapid development. The\\nlands lying adjacent to the North Branch of\\nDowagiac Creek were for the most part low and\\nswampy, and not adapted to agricultural purposes.\\nMuch of it, however, on being reclaimed, has\\nproved to be very valuable. In 1854, B. W. Scher-\\nmerhorn was elected Supervisor, and, in making his\\nassessment for that year, he states that he found the\\ntownship comparatively new, and in the vicinity of\\nthe Roman Catholic Church there was still a remnant\\nof Pokagon s band.\\nThere are many who, while they are not pioneers\\nin the ordinary acceptation of the term, have done a\\ngreat deal of pioneer work, and have endured many\\nof the hardships. They may with propriety be called\\npioneers of the second class, and are in every way\\nworthy of association with those who in the early\\ndays laid the corner-stone for the present wealth and\\ndevelopment of the township.\\nThe State of Ohio is well represented. Among the\\nnumber emigrating from that State was Arad Knapp.\\nThe precise date of his emigration is not known, but\\nwas about 1843. He came from the Township of\\nYork, Sandusky County, with his family, which con-\\nsisted of his wife and eight children his worldly ef-\\nfects aside from his land were his team, one cow, a wag-\\non, and $3.50 in money. For five weeks they lived in\\na house twelve by fourteen they then removed to the\\nfarm on which his widow now resides, and where his\\ndecease occurred in 1859.\\nGeorge Bedford was one of the early settlers in\\nthat portion of the township in which he resides. He\\nwas born in England, and emigrated to this country^\\nsettling in Onondaga County, N. from thence he\\nremoved to Silver Creek, where he arrived in October,\\n1841. His family consisted of his wife and two\\nchildren, George E., and Harriett, now Mrs. John B.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0553.jp2"}, "554": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nWilliams. His brother-in-law, William Smith, had\\narrived the year previous, and had located on the farm\\nnow owned by Otis Gushing. With him Mr. Bedford\\nremained until the following spring during the win-\\nter, he built a cabin upon the land he had located on\\nSection 28. His neighbors were Jacob Ridenour, Da-\\nvid Waltar, Daniel Blish and William B. Gilbert.\\nMoney at this time was a scarce article the tax col-\\nlector was imperative in his demands, and to make\\nprovision for this expenditure, Mr. Bedford was obliged\\nto go to Indiana during harvest time, where he worked\\nfor ^1 per day, and the money thus earned was saved\\nfor the purpose above mentioned.\\nIn 1835, Erastus White removed from Wayne\\nCounty, N. Y., and settled near Adrian, Lenawee\\nCounty, where he resided until 1847, when he came to\\nSilver Creek. With him came his family, consisting\\nof his wife and nine children he located upon the\\nfarm where he now resides, and which he has im-\\nproved. At this time, game of all kinds was in\\nabundance, especially deer. Mr. White, who was an\\nexcellent shot, is said to have killed the largest deer\\never shot in this part of the county it dressed 300\\npounds, while the hide alone weighed fourteen. Three\\nsons are the only members of his family now living in\\nthe township.\\nDaniel Blish was one of the pioneers in the south-\\nern part of the township. He came from Orleans\\nCounty, N. Y., and settled on Section 32.\\nWilliam Judd came from Fairfield, Conn., and set-\\ntled in 181-}: he was a farmer and cooper, and died in\\nDowagiac at the advanced age of ninety-two years.\\nHe had nine children, four of whom Mark, Eunice,\\nRhoda Ann and Fanny reside in Dowagiac.\\nIn the autumn of 1850, Abraham Conklin, with\\nhis family, consisting of his wife and five children\\nBelinda, Gilbert, Simeon, Jane and Abram emigrated\\nfrom the town of Stark, Otsego Co., N. Y., to Silver\\nCreek. His first purchase of land was in the town-\\nship of La Grange, to which he removed in August of\\n1851. In 1853, he disposed of his property and re-\\nturned to Silver Creek, where he purchased 270 acres\\non Sections 31 and 32. He resided in the township\\nuntil his decease, which occurred December 2-1, 1876.\\nMr. Conklin was one of the prominent farmers of the\\ncounty, and by his industry, amassed a large property\\nhe owned at one time 936 acres of the most valuable\\nland in the township. His wife died in 1868. Six\\nof his children reside in the township Gilbert, Abram\\nC, Simeon, Charles E., Jane and Lydia S.\\nB. W. Schermerhorn settled in Silver Creek in\\nMarch, 1852, on the southwest quarter of Section 30.\\nHe was a resident of the township up to 1866, when\\nhe removed to Dowagiac. i\\nHoratio W. Rider was from Essex, Essex Co., N.\\nY. He settled on the farm where his widow now re-\\nsides in 1850. In 1851, he was married to Miss\\nMary E. Amidon. Mr. Rider was prominent in\\neducational matters, and for twenty-four years was\\nSchool Director.\\nIsaac Tice came to Silver Creek in 1852 from\\nAlbany, N. Y. He owned a large tract of land which\\nhe purchased from Erastus Corning, with whom he\\nhad intimate business relations. He died in Dowagiac\\nin 1872.\\nWilliam Bilderback was originally from Warren\\nCounty, Ohio, from whence he removed to Berrien\\nCounty in the fall of 1845. After a residence of five\\nyears in Berrien, he purchased of Kingsbury and Red-\\nfield eighty acres of wild land, on Section 34, to\\nwhich he removed with his wife and three sons Peter\\nJ., William W. and John in April of 1850. A resi-\\ndence of over thirty years in Silver Creek entitles\\nMr. Bilderback to a conspicuous place on the pioneer\\nroster. Peter J. and William W. were among the\\nbrave boys in blue, who lost their lives in the\\ndefence of their county. Their names are to be found\\nin the military history of the county. John resides\\nnear the old place. James H. Cushing emigrated\\nfrom the State of New York and settled on Section\\n29 in February, 1854. He was a native of Vermont,\\nwhere he was born in 1792. He was a soldier in the\\nwar of 1812, and died in Silver Creek, June 14, 1873,\\nin the eighty-first year of his age. The following are\\nthe names of his children Otis, Minerva, Sarah,\\nGavina, James H., Dexter, Mary, George, Delia and\\nDavid A. David A. and Dexter are residents of\\nSilver Creek, the former residing on Seetion 29, the\\nlatter on Section 20.\\nThe location of the Roman Catholic Church un-\\ndoubtedly induced many of that belief to settle in its\\nimmediate vicinity. In 1849, Dennis Daly, in com-\\npany with his brothers Patrick and Cornelius, pur-\\nchased one hundred and twenty-eight acres of land,\\nnow owned by Cornelius. In the same year, they\\nsettled upon their purchase and have since been resi-\\ndents of the township. The following year, 1850,\\nwas one of many trials and privations to the family\\nof Dennis his means were limited, and in addition to\\nthe privations thus entailed, the family were all sick.\\nShortly after his arrival, Mr. Daly attended the\\nCatholic Church, and aside from himself and one\\nother white person, the audience was composed wholly\\nof Indians. The priest, Rev. Father Baroaux, was\\nextremely glad to meet Mr. Daly, as he was the only\\nperson in his congregation with whom he could con-\\nverse. In 1865, Mr. Daly removed to the farm\\nwhere he now resides. In a residence of thirty years,\\nfl]", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0554.jp2"}, "555": {"fulltext": "History of cass county, Michigan.\\nhe has established an enviable reputation and gathered\\nabout him many warm and sincere friends. He has\\nbeen a successful farmer and is enjoying in the even-\\ning of his days the fruition of a well-spent life. In\\nthe fall of 1849 the Cullinanes John, Michael and\\nDaniel settled on Section 7, where they now reside.\\nGeorge W. Allen bought the farm he now owns of\\nJohn Barney his wife, whose maiden name was Mary\\nMuncie, is a daughter of one of the pioneers of the\\nTownship of Volinia, where she was born; when she\\nwas two years of age, the family removed to La\\nGrange, where Mr. Muncie died when Mrs. Allen\\nwas ten years of age.\\nLawrence A. Clapp came from- La Fayette, Onan-\\ndaga County, N. Y., with his wife and daughter, now\\nMrs. Samuel Frost, of Pokagon, and purchased the\\nfarm on which he now resides in 1854. Mr. Clapp\\nwas married to Miss Lavina Cushing, of Oneida\\nCounty, New York, in 1849. Mr. Clapp improved\\nhis farm.\\nCaiphas Dill came from Preble County in 1855,\\nand settled on a new farm on Section 6, where he\\nremained until 1864, when he removed to Van Buren\\nCounty, from thence to Wayne, and came to where\\nhe now resides in 1869.\\nJohn F. Swisher with his family, wife and seven\\nchildren Harriett, Ann Eliza, Mary, Sarah, William,\\nCharlotte and Thomas left Preble County in 1855,\\nand came to Silver Creek, settling on Section 8.\\nIn 1844, Elijah Frost and his family came to Po-\\nkagon Township from Otsego County, N. Y., and\\nsettled on Section 31, where they remained until\\n1856, when they removed to Silver Creek, where\\nthey have since resided. William M. Frost, who for\\nmany years has represented the township upon the\\nboard of supervisors, is a son. He has identified\\nhimself with all the material interests of Silver\\nCreek.\\nTHK CHURCH OF THE SACRED HEART OF MARY.\\nIn order to understand the causes that resulted in\\nthe establishment of The Church of the Sacred Heart\\nof Mary in the township of Silver Creek, many\\nmiles distant from a city or village, the historian must\\nrefer to the early history of Michigan, when devout\\nteachers of the Catholic faith sailed around the lakes\\ncotemporaneous with La Salle, the French explorer,\\npenetrated the St. Joseph Valley, and set up the\\nsacred cro.ss for the purpose of converting the Indians.\\nThey measurably succeeded in their desire, and estab-\\nlished the Church of Notre Dame, in Indiana, one at\\nBertrand, in this State, and in other places.\\nThe Pottawatomie Indians, who inhabited this re-\\ngion, by a treaty made in 1828 surrendered their right\\nand claim to all of the lands in Southwestern Michigan\\nexcept a reservation in Berrien County, west of the\\nSt. Joseph River, containing approximately forty- nine\\nsquare miles. This reservation was also ceded to the\\nUnited States by a treaty concluded at Chicago upon\\nthe 27th of September, 1833, and the Indians fur-\\nthermore agreed to remove three years later from the\\nceded lands to a reservation in Kansas.* The Chief,\\nPaul (or Leopold)t Pokagon, only consented to sign\\nthe treaty on condition that he and the members of\\nhis band, numbering some three hundred and fifty\\nsouls at that time, it is said, should be exempted from\\nremoval to the West. Pokagon was a devout Catholic,\\nand nearly all of the Indians in his band were con-\\nverts and warmly attached to the church. Their op-\\nposition to the stipulation requiring removal arose\\nalmost entirely from an apprehension that, should\\nthey become residents of the far western country re-\\nserved for the tribe by the Government, they would\\nlose the comforts and benefits of their religion. The\\ntreaty of 1833 was essentially a treaty of purchase.\\nPokagon and his followers received as their share of\\nthe remuneration for the relinquishment of the Ber-\\nrien County tract about $2,000.\\nWith this money the chief purchased, January 31,\\n1837 (and at earlier dates), lands in Silver Creek\\naround Long Lake, aggregating over seven hundred\\nacres, forty acres of which were deeded to the Bishop\\nfor church purposes. On this tract, the church edifice\\nnow stands.\\nIn the fall of this year, the Indians settled here to\\nthe number of about 250, and having constructed\\ntheir bark wigwams and log houses they, in 1838,\\nbuilt a church of hewn logs, 20x30 feet, on the north\\nbank of, and facing Long Lake. The roof was con-\\nstructed of shakes, it was destitute of a floor, and the\\nseats consisted of benches made of split and hewn\\nlogs. In this rude structure, religious services were\\nheld for five or six years. The first priest who vis-\\nited them was Father De Salle, who came from Notre\\nDame in response to a sick call.\\nThey were accustomed to go to Notre Dame to\\ncelebrate Easter and other important festivals. Their\\nspiritual wants were administered to by various priests\\nfrom this place until they were given a stationary\\npriest in 1844. Rev. Th. Marivault was the first one\\nwho was stationed here.\\nA school had been established in 1843, which was\\nconducted by Brother Joseph, and when Father Mari-\\nvault was stationed here, the Sisters taught the school\\nfor five years from 1845. The Indians supported this\\nSee Uio eiecuDd chapter on Indian Uialory, in this vutume, also chapter on\\nt Paul was undoubtedly the Christian or baptismal name of Pokagon, but\\nwherever the name of the chief appears in legal recorxls it is written Leopold\\nPokagon.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0555.jp2"}, "556": {"fulltext": "364\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nschool from annuities received from the Govern-\\nment.\\nIn 1847, Rey. L. Baroux assumed the pastorate,\\nand immediately set about remodeling and improving\\nthe church, which was now for the first time supplied\\nwith pews, the Indians bearing the entire expense.\\nThe Church was blessed, January 24, 1847, by\\nVery Rev. Edward Sorin, Father Superior, assisted\\nby Father Th. Marivault.\\nNot long after this the Irish, now so numerous, at-\\ntracted by the church, began settling in this township,\\nand being devout Catholics, have ever since assisted\\nvery materially in the support of the Gospel.\\nWhile Chief Pokagon, who died July 8, 1840,\\nwas living, his people were united and happy but\\nhaving deceased before dividing the land among the\\nfamilies of his tribe, the entire estate was claimed by\\nhis heirs, so that in 184 J and 1850, the entire tribe,\\nwith the exception of ten families, under the lead of\\nWilliam Sin-go-wah, moved to Rush Lake, in this\\nState, where they built another church.\\nIn 1852, Father L. Baroux went to the East In-\\ndies, and was succeeded by Father Fourmont, and he\\nby Father Labeil, of Kalamazoo, who made a few\\nvisits in 1854. In 1855, Father John De Neve com-\\nmenced attending the mission from Niles, and he as-\\nsisted in maturing the plans of Augustine J. Topash\\nfor the construction of a new church edifice, which\\nwas completed in 1858.\\nIn February, 1859, Father L. Baroux returned\\nfrom the East Indies, enlarged the upright of the\\nchurch and added two wings, and the new church was\\nblessed by Bishop Pet. P. Lefevre, D. D., of Detroit,\\nSeptember 29, 1861.\\nFather Baroux having severed his connection with\\nthe church, October, 1870, he was succeeded by\\nFather Richard^Sweeney, in December of this year,\\nand he was in turn succeeded by Father James\\nHebert, in October, 1873, and he by the present pas-\\ntor. Father Christopher J. Roeper, January 15, 1875.\\nOwing to the numerous changes in priests, which\\nwas occasioned by its being an undesirable charge,\\non account of its location in the country, the church\\nhad retrograded instead of progressed, and the build-\\nings were in a dilapidated condition when Father\\nRoeper took charge but being possessed of great\\nChristian zeal and almost boundless ambition to do\\ngood in the Master s vineyard, he has succeeded in\\nadvancing all the interests of the church, and in\\nplacing it in an enviable position among the other\\nchurches. In 1876, he added to the church a sacristy,\\nand in the summer 1879 completed the work of res-\\ntoration late in the fall it was frescoed, then in\\n1880 a grand altar was procured, and in 1881 new\\npews were put in, expending in so doing some $2,200.\\nThe society now numbers forty-five white and five In-\\ndian families. On another page will be found a fine\\nview of the church and grounds. The first baptisms,\\nmarriages, etc., were recorded in Notre Dame, and\\nnot until January 4, 1845, was the first baptism re-\\ncorded by Father Th. Marivault, an Indian maiden,\\nMary Ta-con-enbi then receiving this sacrament. In\\nApril, 1844, Joseph Ni-sik-ta was united in marriage\\nto Nancy Cau-sha-wah, and this is the first marriage\\nrecorded here.\\nFather Roeper, the present priest, was born in\\nBelecke, Prussia, March 14, 1838, and pursued a\\ncourse of study in the Gymnasium at Cologne before\\ncoming to this country in July, 1868.\\nHaving studied philosophy in Milwaukee, and the-\\nology in Mount St. Mary s Seminary, in Cincinnati,\\nhe was, after being ordained, sent to the mission of\\nSilver Creek. In addition, he administers to the\\nspiritual necessities of the Church of the Holy\\nMaternity, in Dowagiac, which was built in 1872,\\nand dedicated by Bishop C. H. Borgess, D. D., of\\nDetroit, August 30, 1876. Father John Cappon, of\\nNiles, was the first priest, and was succeeded by\\nFather Roeper, January, 1877. The church has a\\nmembership of fifty, including two Indian families.\\nSILVER CREEK M. E. CHURCH.\\nOur readers are indebted to W. M. Frost for the\\nfollowing facts in regard to the early history of\\nMethodism in Silver Creek\\nThe first society was organized in the year 1843,\\nwith the following members Leroy L. Curtis and\\nwife, Erastus Stark and wife and Delonson Curtis and\\nwife. Leroy L. Curtis was leader of the class. In\\n1844, Rev. David Whitlock preached to the society,\\nmeetings being held at the home of Leroy L. Curtis.\\nThe second pastor was the Rev. Mr. Jones, who came\\nin the year 1845. In 1846, there were two preachers\\nin the work Rev. Caleb Erkonbrach and Campbell.\\nMeetings were held at the log schoolhouse at Indian\\nLake for several years. The society has prospered\\nand now has a comfortable church and a flourishing\\nSabbath school.\\nTHE FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST.\\nThis society was organized in 1861, with the fol-\\nlowing members\\nJ. F. Swisher, Millie Swisher, David Dewey,\\nAnna Dewey, Betsey Dewey, William Pray, Mrs.\\nWilliam Pray, Henry Moore and -wife, Alva Tuttle\\nand wife, Andrew Barnhart and wife, Elias B. God-\\nfrey and wife, Avery Smith and wife, Henry Keeler\\nand wife, Horace Grinnell and wife.\\n4", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0556.jp2"}, "557": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0557.jp2"}, "558": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0558.jp2"}, "559": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nRev. Henry B. Jackson was the first pastor. He\\ncommenced his pastoral duties in 1861. His suc-\\ncessors have been J. H. Reese, William Lane, J. B.\\nJackson, J. H. Reese, M. B. Rawson, H. F. Mor-\\nrison and Levi Dewey.\\nThe present church edifice was erected in 1865, at\\na cost of $2,980.\\nThe following comprise the principal township\\nofiicers up to 1881\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nTimothy Treat, 1837; P. B. Dunning, 1838;\\nCounty Commissioners, 1839, 1840, 1841 John\\nWoolman, ^r., 1842; John Woolman, Jr., 1843;\\nJohn G. A. Barney, 1844; John G. A. Barney,\\n1845; Daniel Blish, from 1846 to 1853, inclusive\\nB. W. Schermerhorn, 1854-56 Gilman C. Jones,\\n1857-58; B. W. Schermerhorn, 1859-60; Justus\\nGage. 1861 Daniel Blish, 1862 Daniel Blish,\\n1863; B. W. Schermerhorn, 1864; Gilman C.\\nJones, 1865; William M. Frost, 1866; William\\nM. Frost, 1867; William K. Palmer, from 1868\\nto 1872, inclusive; Gilbert Conkling, 1873; Arthur\\nSmith, 1874 Arthur Smith, 1875 Arthur Smith,\\n1876 William M. Frost, 1877 Adam Suits, 1878\\nWilliam M. Frost, 1879; William M. Frost, 1880;\\nWilliam M.Frost, 1881.\\nTREASURERS.\\nBenjamin Dunning, 1837 John Barney, 1838\\nBenjamin Dunning, 1839 H. Sillick, 1842 John\\nC. Herrington, 1843 W. W. Barney, 1844 W. W\\nBarney, 1845 W. W. Barney, 1846 Eli W. Veach\\n1847 Eli W. Veach, 1848 Eli W. Veach, 1849\\nPatrick Hamilton, 1850 Patrick Hamilton, 1851\\nDaniel W. Heazlit, 1852; D. M. Heazlit, 1853; E\\nH. Foster, 1854; I. S. Becraft, 1855; B. F. Bell,\\n1856; William Fowler, 1857 Nathan Dewey, 1858:\\nL. R. Brown, 1859; L. R. Brown, 1860; M. Cory\\n1861 M. Cory, 1862 R. Watson, 1863 R. Wat\\nson, 1864 R. Watson, 1865 T. T. Stebbins, 1866\\nM. Michael, 1867; T. T. Stebbins, 1868; D. Hen\\nderson, 1869; J. D. Taylor, 1870; H. Michael\\n1871 Myron Stark, 1872; Myron Stark, 1873; D,\\nMcOmber, 1874 Enoch Jessup, 1875, 1876, 1877\\nC. Curran, 1878 George W. Welch, 1879 George\\nW. Welch, 1880 Gaylord Cory, 1881.\\nCLERKS.\\n1837-40, James Allen 1841, John Woolman,\\nJr.; 1842-43, James Allen 1844, E. W. Veach\\n1845, James Allen 1846-48, J. C. Herrington\\n1849, E. W. Veach; 1850-51, J. C. Herrington;\\n1852, M. Bird; 1853, Eli W. Beach; 1854, William\\nD. McCool; 1855, William Arbour; 1856-57, A.\\nHarwood; 1858, N. B. Hollister; 1859-60, H. Mi-\\nchael; 1861-63, H. C. Jones; 1864-65, H. Mi-\\nchael; 1866-69, J. D. Taylor; 1870, H. Michael;\\n1871, B. L. Dewey; 1872, H. Michael; 1873, E. E.\\nArmstrong 1874, E. L. Jones 1875, Henry Mi-\\nchael 1876, George W. Andrews; 1877-78, M. H.\\nDaly; 1879, A. Knapp 1880, John M. Frost;\\n1881, William Bunsbury.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nHORATIO W. RIDER,\\nthe subject of this biography, is spoken of by those\\nwho knew him intimately, as a man who in many ways\\ncolinected himself with the important interests of\\nSilver Creek, and who left his name indelibly\\nstamped on its history. He was born in Waitesfield,\\nVt., January 10, 1821, of which place his grand-\\nfather, Phenias Rider, was one of the pioneers. But\\nlittle is known of his history further than that he was\\na soldier in the war of the Revolution, and subse-\\nquently a captain of militia. His son, Horatio\\nRider, father of Horatio W., was a native of Waites-\\nfield, where he was born in September of 1792. He\\nmarried Emily Joslin and reared a family of four\\nchildren, Horatio W. being the youngest. In the war\\nof 1812, he served as an officer in a regiment of Ver-\\nmont volunteers. In 1836, he removed to Essex,\\nEssex County, N. Y., with his family, where he re-\\nsided until he removed to Michigan in 1849 he was\\nan exemplary man in all respects, a consistent\\nChristian and a prominent member of the Congrega-\\ntional Church of Keeler he died in Wayne, April\\n3, 1877, in the eighty-fifth year of his age. Horatio\\nW. spent his boyhood days in his native town his\\nfather was a man in medium circumstances, a farmer\\nand carpenter, but appreciating the value of an edu-\\ncation, assisted his son in obtaining an academical\\neducation, which he made practically useful to him-\\nself and others by teaching his interests were con-\\nnected with those of his father, and he came to Michi-\\ngan at the same time, settling in Silver Creek, on\\nthe farm where he resided until his death, which oc-\\ncurred September 13, 1876. In 1851, Mr. Rider\\nwas married to Miss Mary E., daughter of Joseph B.\\nand Emma (Morse) Amiden, who had a family of\\nten children, four of whom attained maturity. She\\nwas born in Bennington, Vt., May 12, 1829, and\\ncame to Michigan immediately after her marriage,\\nwhere she has since resided her father emigrated to\\nMinnesota in 1859, and from there to Dakota, where\\nhe and a son William were massacred by the Indians\\nat Sioux Falls. Mr and Mrs. Rider reared a familv", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0559.jp2"}, "560": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nof two children Chloe, now Mrs. Andrew B.\\nHolmes, of Silver Creek, and Rosa B., wife of Clem-\\nent J. Strang, of Andover, Mass. This biography\\nwould not be complete without special mention of\\nMrs. Rider, who in many respects was the counter-\\npart of her husband in all that pertains to true nobil-\\nity of character; she was a worthy wife, a devoted\\nmother and friend, and is highly esteemed by all who\\nknew her for her many estimable traits of character.\\nCHAPTEE XXXV.\\nJEFFERSON.\\nErection of Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Water-Courses and Lakes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Settlement-\\nEconomy of Pioneers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pioneer Hospitality\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Original Land En-\\ntries\u00e2\u0080\u0094Initial Events\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Dailey\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Manufactures\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Keligious\\nSocieties\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical.\\nTTTHEN Cass County was erected by an act of the\\nTerritorial government approved November 5,\\n1829, the township of Jefferson was included in the\\nnorth half in the township of Penn, and the south half\\nin the township of Ontwa. It formed a part of these\\ntownships until 1833, when by an act of the territo-\\nrial government, approved the 29th of that year, the\\npresent township of Jefferson was erected, the en-\\nacting clause reading as follows That all that part\\nof the county of Cass known and distinguished as\\nTownship 7 south of the base line, and in Range 15\\nwest of the principal meridian, compose a township\\nby the name of Jefferson and that the first township\\nmeeting be held at the house of Moses Reams in said\\ntownship.\\nThe legal boundaries of this township, as created\\nby law, is La Grange on the north, Ontwa on the\\nsouth, and Calvin and Howard on the east and west\\nrespectively. The surface of the township is consid-\\nerably diversified, being in places quite level, and in\\nothers rolling and hilly, although nowhere does the\\nland rise to any considerable height. The south and\\neastern portions are quite level while north and west\\nof the lakes, which are found nearly in the center of\\nthe township, the surface is, as mentioned, quite roll-\\ning, and the soil quite sandy not so much so, how-\\never, as not to be (juite productive. The soil through-\\nout the greater portion of the township is sandy, but\\nthere also can be found considerable black loam, this\\nbeing especially true in Section 28 and it was cul\\ntivated in places by the Indians. Upon these fertile\\nfields were found excellent specimens of the famous\\ngarden-beds of Southwestern Michigan, but of these\\nno trace can now be discerned, they having long since\\nbeen entirely obliterated by the plowman.\\nThere are no streams of any considerable imjior-\\ntance that hardly more than touch the township; the\\nChristiana Creek being the only one, this passing\\nthrough a small portion of Sections 25 and 36, and has\\nbeen utilized by various manufacturers in years gone\\nby, that of milling being the only one now pursued.\\nBut numerous lakes dot the surface, from which, with\\nsprings, wells, and the use of modern wind-mills,\\nample supplies of water are obtained. Painter s\\nLake, found in Section 36, was so named in honor of\\nJoseph Painter, one of the pioneers who figured quite\\nprominently in the affairs of the township in days long\\nsince gone by, as well as being an important factor in\\nits agricultural and manufacturing enterprises.\\nGoose Lake, or lakes, there being in reality, two\\nlakes joined together by a very small neck, located in\\nSections 15 and 16, is supposed to have received its\\nname from the fact that thousands of wild geese fre-\\nquented its waters when they quacked, dived, and\\nswam to their heart s content until disturbed by the\\npioneers, who made many an excellent meal upon\\nthem. Crooked and Pine Lakes were named respectively,\\nthe first from its meandering contour, and the second\\nfrom trees of that name upon an island in the lake.\\nAn early settler named Gray gave his name to a\\nsmall lake in Sections 20 and 21, while others of less\\nmagnitude are not honored with a name.\\nIn 1827, before any settlements were made in the\\ntownship, the boundary lines were surveyed by Will-\\niam Brookfield, D. S., and in theyear following, 1828,\\nhe surveyed the subdivisions, they being completed on\\nthe 11th day of July. Thus were the preliminary\\narrangements made for the advent of settlers, and\\nthey were not slow to avail themselves of it.\\nFIRST SETTLEMENTS.\\nThe early autumn sun of 1828 dawned upon the\\nbroad acres of openings and timbered land in this\\ntownship, and found it bedecked in all its pristine\\nglory and natural loveliness. The foliage began to\\nassume those handsome tints, so prized by lovers of\\nthe beautiful, and all presented a most enchanting and\\nattractive scene. The smoke could be seen ascending\\nfrom the wigwam of a few solitary Indian families\\nwho, with the wild beasts and birds of the forest, were\\nits only occupants.\\nTis true Young s, Pokagon and Beardsley s Prairies\\nhad several occupants, while in La Grange and Ontwa\\ncould be found the adventurous pioneer, but as yet,\\nthe smoke from the first settler s log cabin offered no\\nlandmark to him who, in search of adventageous loca-\\ntions, chanced to cross this fertile section.\\nFollowing the natural course of events, however,\\nsuch a condition of affairs could not long exist, for the\\ntide of emigration which had set toward this county\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0560.jp2"}, "561": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0561.jp2"}, "562": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0562.jp2"}, "563": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n367\\ncould not be stayed, and accordingly, October of this\\nyear, 1828, saw four families established as first comers\\nin what is now a thickly-settled and very productive\\nregion.\\nJohn Reed, who had, previous to this time, located\\non Young s Prairie, wrote back to liis brothers-in-law^\\nAbner Tharp and Nathan Norton John Reed and\\nNorton having married sisters of Abner Tharp set-\\nting forth in glowing language the beauties and pro-\\nductiveness of this Western country, so that they were\\ninduced to come here to better their fortunes and\\ngrow up with the country, although, in their wildest\\nmoments, they did not imagine the wonderful trans-\\nformations in the county and changes in inhabitants\\nthat would be wrought within their lifetime. In\\nearly October, 1828, could have been seen, in Jeffer-\\nson Township, Logan County, Ohio, four families\\nbusily engaged in packing into cloth-covered lumber\\nwagons- their entire household effects, with provisions\\nenough to last them for a journey of many days\\ntoward the setting sun. The names of the heads of\\nthese families were Nathan Norton, Abner Tharp,\\nMoses Reams and William Reams and their destina-\\ntion, Cass County, Mich. Having gotten everything\\nin readiness, a last long farewell look was given to\\nfamiliar places, and tearful good-byes spoken to loved\\nfriends, and then the adventurous spirits started on\\ntheir western journey, the men driving the cows and\\nseveral swine. As a whole, the journey was quite\\npleasant, for there was no lack of companionship, and\\nthe weather was propitious. Having reached Elkhart,\\nInd., they stopped a few days with a friend, and while\\nthere were subjected to quite a fright, although nothing\\nserious resulted. A hasty prairie fire came sweeping\\nonward, and soon the cabin where the women were,\\nand near which were standing their wagons, became\\nenveloped in flames. One of the women, became\\nso frightened that, seizing a gun, she ran out on\\na tree that had fallen into the river, where she was\\nfound convulsively grasping the gun and a friendly\\nlimb. Fortunately, no serious damage was done their\\nhousehold goods, but their stock scattered to the woods,\\nand it re(iuircd some search to find them again. The\\nattractions of that locality were lost upon them after\\nthis occurrence, and they hastened on their journey to\\ntheir destination.\\nPassing through Edwardsburg, they there found two\\nfamilies only, Thomas \\\\l. Edwards and Mr. Beardsley,\\nthe latter living on the same place now occupied by\\nDr. Sweetland. They took a westerly course through\\nJefferson, crossed Beardsley s Prairie, and thence\\nbore eastward to Young s Prairie, where they were\\nheartily received and welcomed by John Reed, who\\nwas expecting them. They only remained here a few\\ndays to recuperate, and then made their way south of\\nDiamond Lake, where they proceeded to erect their\\ncabins and make preparation for the winter months.\\nThen and there was erected the first habitation of a\\na white man in the township. These cabins were\\nvery primitive affairs, and viewed in the light of\\nmodern structures, would be considered simply unin-\\nhabitable. They were constructed of unhewed logs,\\nranged one above the other, with notches in the\\ncorners into which they interlocked, thus forming a\\nsolid wall on three sides, the front being open, and\\nacross which was hung a quilt in lieu of boards and a\\ndoor. The earth formed the only floor of which the\\ncabins could boast, while the roof was constructed of\\npoles, over wliich was piled sods and earth, through\\nthe center of which was left an opening for the smoke\\nto ascend. No bedstead graced the cabin a pile of\\nhay in one corner, over which was laid coverlets, an-\\nswering the purpose until nearly spring, when Labin\\nTharp, our informant, said his father, Abner, bored\\nsome holes into the logs, into which were driven poles,\\nwhich were supported at the other end by upright\\nstakes driven into the ground. This pioneer bedstead\\nwas used by his parents, the children occupying the\\nplace before described. When it was necessary to\\nreplenish the fire, huge logs were cut and drawn into\\nthe cabin with a horse, the ends being raised from\\nthe ground by logs placed crosswise. Once firing up\\nlasted two or three days, and if the wind was in such\\ndirection as to blow the smoke to one side instead of\\nits ascending upward, they shifted co the other side\\nof the room. A bake kettle did service on all occa-\\nsions, and was an indispensable article in the prepara-\\ntion of food for the family. Two of these half-\\nfaced shanties, as they were called, were built facing\\neach other, with only a small space intervening, so\\nthat if neighbors were few, they had one within easy\\ncall. The stock was supplied with hay cut from the\\nmarsh land near Diamond Lake, and were protected\\nfrom the inclemency of the weather by rail pens,\\ncovered with hay. While en route, their hogs strayed\\naway and were lost, and some of them were not\\nrecovered for two years, consequently pork was a\\nscarce article, but the woods and plains abounded in\\ndeer, which supplied plenty of fresh meat. Laben\\nTharp speaks of these as happy times, and says he\\nnever enjoyed life more than at this period.\\nIn the spring, Abner Tharp went into the Township\\nof Calvin, where he erected a shanty and plowed ten\\nacres, which he planted to corn with some potatoes.\\nThis was the first settlement in Calvin and the first\\nground cultivated there. They made this change so\\nas to be near water, of which there was a scarcity\\nwhere thev settled in Section 1, Jefferson. The first", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0563.jp2"}, "564": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nspring they went to Pokagon and purchased of two\\nold bachelors, named Duckett and Davis, a quantity\\nof corn, which was shelled by pounding it in a wooden\\ntrough. This they took to Paine s mill, below Niles,\\nwhere it was ground together with some wheat they\\nprocured on the way. The flour they thus obtained\\nhad all to be sifted through a hand-sieve, the mill not\\nbeing provided with machinery to do this part of the\\nwork. This was their home until 1830, when they\\nsold out to a man named Charles, and with the pro-\\nceeds entered eighty acres of land in Section 27,\\nJefferson this was in tiirn disposed of, and with the\\nmoney thus obtained he entered two hundred acres in\\nSection 23. After a time, he embraced a good oppor-\\ntunity to dispose of this, and returned to Ohio, and\\nfrom there went to Illinois, but the attractions of\\nMichigan proved too strong for him, and he returned\\nand settled in Brownsville, where he remained until\\nhis death, which occurred in 1869. They were\\nblessed with eight children, three of whom were girls;\\nthey are all dead except Nathan, who is in Colorado\\nNichodemas, in the Indian Territory, and Laben, who\\nlives on Section 23. William Reams, familiarly\\nknown as Uncle Billy, one of the original four\\nmen who first settled in this township is still alive and\\na resident of Section 10, where he lives in humble\\nquietude, envying no one and envied by none. He\\nnever knew ambition for wealth or distinction and\\nevidently believes that sulBcient unto the day is the\\nevil thereof, for he is evidently blessed with a con-\\ntented mind. His seventy-four years bear lightly\\nupon his shoulders, and many more are probably in\\nstore for him.\\nWhen Nathan Norton reached this township, he\\nwas, in common with nearly all the settlers of that day,\\nin very moderate circumstances, and being somewhat\\nadvanced in life, did not accomplish as much in this\\nnew country as his son, Pleasant Norton, who came\\nin 1832, and purchased of Government the land on\\nwhich his father resided, and presented him with forty\\nacres of the same an act of filial affection which\\ncould readily be expected of the donor. The elder\\nNorton died on this place. He was the father of five\\nchildren, two girls and three boys, viz.: Mahala,\\nPleasant, Levi, Jane and Richard. The first named\\nbecame the wife of Moses Reams, now deceased. Jane\\nbecame the wife of Maxwell Zane, and upon his death\\nmarried Mr. Lumpkins, who is also dead. Levi died\\nsome time since, and Richard is a farmer in Jefferson.\\nPleasant Norton, now deceased, was, during his life-\\ntime, pne of the active, energetic men of the town-\\nship. He was born in Grayson County, Va., in 1806,\\nremoved with his parents to Champaign County, Ohio,\\nand sub equently removed to Logan County in the\\nsame State, where he remained until coming to this\\ncounty, with his wife, Rachel (Fukey) Norton, who is\\nstill a resident of the old place, and although in her\\nseventy-third year, is in possession of all her faculties.\\nIt is a pleasure to converse with Aunt Rachel, as\\nshe is affectionately termed, regarding early experi-\\nences. She points with pride to a stately oak, which\\nwhen eighteen inches in height grew in an onion bed\\nshe was weeding out with a table-fork, and which was\\nspared because of its thriftiness. While they were\\ndeprived of many of the luxuries, the necessities of\\nlife were always within reach, and wild honey could\\nbe frequently found upon their table. The township\\nrecords show the name of Pleasant Norton there in-\\nscribed year after year, he having filled the office of\\nSupervisor for eight years, Township Treasurer for a\\nnumber of years, besides various other offices in the\\ngift of the township. He was not a stranger to leg-\\nislative halls, having served in the State Legislature\\ntwo terms. Although a man not physically strong,\\nhis mind and body woe particularly active, and be-\\nfore his death he had accumulated a handsome compe-\\ntency which he left to his family, he being the father\\nof eight children, as follows Jane (deceased),\\nAmanda (Mrs. Charles G. Banks), Elizabeth (widow\\nof William Peck), Hiram and Maxwell (in Cassopolis),\\nJames (deceased), Louisa (Mrs. Haywood, in Port-\\nland, Maine), and John (who is a resident of the old\\nhomestead).\\nHaving learned of the new El Dorado in Michigan\\nby way of his father-in-law, Nathan Norton, Maxwell\\nZane left his home in Champaign County, Ohio, in\\nSeptember. 1829, with his family and his household ef-\\nfects, together with farm utensils and stock. They were\\naccompanied by four young men, three of them named\\nJohn Tracy, David Hildreth and Mr. Jacobs, who\\ncame to assist in driving stock and teams. They all\\nreturned except Tracy, who remained and became the\\nhusband of a Miss Hunter, he residing here until his\\ndeath. The journey, which occupied eleven days,\\nwas accomplished with no particular mishap. Mrs.\\nZane, 7iee Jane Norton, riding a pony purchased, ex-\\npressly for her, carrying in her arms an eighteen-\\nmonths child, beside preparing the food for the men\\neach day, which is a feat few could accomplish, when\\nwe consider that within six weeks after arrival she\\nbecame the mother of the first white child born in the\\ntownship Nancy, now Mrs. Monroe, who resides on\\na portion of the old farm. Being of an energetic\\ndisposition, he immediately plowed the ground and\\nsowed a crop of wheat, which yielded abundantly the\\nyear following, it being one of the first crops sown in\\nthe township. This was on section twelve. The land\\nhere is what is known as burr-oak openings, there", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0564.jp2"}, "565": {"fulltext": "S. C. TH/ F^P-\\nVflLLIy5 COjNlDOjsf.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0565.jp2"}, "566": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0566.jp2"}, "567": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OE CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nbeing only an occasional tree, all the smaller trees\\nand shrubs being burned each year by fires started by\\nthe Indians for this especial purpose consequently\\nthe labor incident to clearing a heavily timbered\\ncountry was obviated. But the ground plowed very\\nhard, it being filled with innumerable roots of small\\ntrees and bushes, known as grubs, which formed a\\nvery considerable obstruction to the plow, and in\\norder to overcome them a team of from four to twelve\\nyoke of oxen were employed, known as breaking-up\\nteams, and some of the pioneers ran these teams,\\nbreaking-up land at so much per acre, the usual\\nprice being from $3 to $4. The first season after\\nthey came here Mrs. Zane grubbed out the gar-\\nden, which she attended herself.\\nHaving sold the first land he purchased 150\\nacres in section twelve Mr. Zane removed to section\\ntwenty-one, in which section and Section 28)\\nhe purchased 200 acres, his death occurring on this\\nplace. The laws at that time were such that the\\nchildren inherited all the property but, nothing\\ndaunted, Mrs. Zane set to work and by careful man-\\nagement soon increased the eighty acres of clearing\\nby as many more, erected a barn and purchased\\neighty acres additional. Being possessed of almost\\nunbounded ambition, she was enabled to accomplish\\nthis. She is now a resident of tiie farm first pur-\\nchased by her husband when coming here, the house\\nstanding nearly on the same spot where the log cabin\\nwas erected, and from the back door of which she had\\nseen wolves coming to eat the crumbs shaken from\\nher table-cloth. Although in her seventy-fourth year,\\nshe has within the past twelve months earned $200\\nby weaving carpets. The Zane family are the lineal\\ndescendants of the Zanes who first settled Wheeling,\\nW. Va., and erected a block-house, or fort, from\\nwhich forays were made against the Indians, and\\nto which the settlers would flee when pursued by\\nthe blood-thirsty savages. Pressing westward into\\nOhio, Zanesville and Zanesfield were named in honor\\nof them, and finally we find them as residents of this\\ncounty.\\nAmong those who emigrated from Logan County,\\nOhio this particular county being the germ from\\nwhence sprang so many settlers in this township\\nwas Nathan Tharp, whose wife, Lucinda, was a\\nZane. He first settled in Calvin, southeast of Dia-\\nmond Lake, where he located eighty acres and re-\\nmained until 1836, when he moved to the farm now\\nowned Joseph Baldwin. S. C. Tharp is infatuated\\nwith the life of a hunter and trapper, and has made\\nmany trips to Iowa to satisfy his love of exploits and\\nfor his health. One journey there was made with an\\nox team iu 1853-5-i, and seventy-two nights of the\\n365 were spent in camp. One day, while out hunt-\\ning, his young brother, aged ten, exclaimed Oh,\\nthere come some black hogs! Glancing in that\\ndirection, he discovered a bear with two cubs. One\\nbear was killed by a blow on the head, while trying\\nto climb a tree, and the she bear shot where she was\\nfound held at bay by the dogs. When nineteen\\nyears of age he killed seven bears in one day, and be-\\ncame so noted as a bear hunter that if one was dis-\\ncovered he was sure to be called upon to dispatch\\nhim one day he was summoned to dispatch four\\nbears that were feasting on acorns on the farm now\\nowned by H. B. Shurter, and they all paid the penalty\\ndeath for their intrusion.\\nEntries of land were quite numerous at this period,\\n1830-31, for in addition to those enumerated were\\nStephen and Peter Marmon, Aaron Brown, David T.\\nNicholson, Daniel Burnham, F. Smith, Richmond\\nMarmon, John Pettigrew, Samuel Colyar, William\\nBarton, William Mendenhall, Obediah Sawtell, Ezra\\nBeardsley, Isaac Hultz.\\nSamuel Colyar was raised in North Carolina, from\\nwhich place he removed to Logan County, Ohio, and\\nfrom there to Penn, in the spring of 1831, and made\\na crop on Young s Prairie. In the fall he went after\\nhis ftimily, which consisted of his wife and fourteen\\nchildren, ten of whom came with him, and settled on\\nSection 11. When en route the streams were so\\nswollen that it was necessary to unload the goods and\\nferry them across and reload them again on one oc-\\ncasion the wagon-box floated off and was making rapid\\ndescent down the river when it was caught by them\\nafter a lively pursuit in a pirogue that was near at\\nhand. In November, that year, long before farmers\\nwere ready for it, there came an immense fall of snow,\\nburying everything beneath sight, and the cattle, as\\nthey wallowed through it, were encased up to their\\nsides it was finally dissipated by the sun. Mr. Col-\\nyar helped very considerably in the development of\\nthe country, and was always ready to assist in every\\ngood cause. As a christian, he was a zealous ad-\\nvocate of Christianity, and assisted very materially\\nin establishing and maintaining the Baptist Churchj\\nof which he was a member. He was esteemed by all\\nhis neighbors for his many good qualities of mind and\\nheart, and passed away deeply lamented. Of his\\nlarge family of children, but three remain in the\\ncounty Phoebe, Mrs. R. Reams, in Cassopolis\\nMary, Mrs. Reams, in Jefferson, and Jonathan, also\\nin Jefferson, he being twenty-one years of age when\\ncoming into the county.\\nIn 1835, Relief A. Allen emigrated with her father,\\nReuben Allen, from Rutland County, Vt., and\\nsettled in Mason Township, where they purchased llie", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0567.jp2"}, "568": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nfirst land sold by Hon. George Redfield, he having\\npurchased quite largely for speculative purposes. At\\nthat time, only three families were in the township,\\nbut before the close of the year some sixty had taken\\nup their abode there. Those coming from Vermont,\\nwere very appropriately termed Yankees by the other\\nsettlers, who were chiefly Southerners. Until they\\ncould erect a log cabin, they occupied one used as an\\noffice by Mr. Pells, of Edwardsburg. The year fol-\\nlowing was what has been termed the sickly year, al-\\nmost every one being afflicted with the ague. Mr.\\nAllen would always contend that he enjoyed the\\nfelicity of three hundred shakes. Miss Allen became\\nthe wife of A. M. Morse, who was born in On-\\ntario County, New York State, came from there in\\n1837 with his father, and settled near Redfield s saw-\\nmill. About eleven years since, they removed to the\\nfarm now occupied by Mrs. Morse, he having died\\nsome years since.\\nAmong the early residents can be counted Daniel\\nVantuyl, who was born in New Jersey, and removed\\nfrom there to Lake County, and from there here,\\nhis method of locomotion being by horse team. Ac-\\ncompanied by his family of four children, July 26,\\nhe arrived in Edwardsburg, and occupied a school-\\nhouse until he purchased eighty acres of Abner\\nTharp, in Section 27. He departed this life January\\n20, 1880, aged eighty-four years. With him, his\\nword was considered as good as his bond. One of his\\nsons, Joseph M., owner of a farm in Section 36,\\nrecalls the wonderful changes that have transpired\\nsince coming here. Daniel Vantuyl, nephew of Jo-\\nseph M., and for whom he works, is an enterprising\\nyoung man aged twenty-six.\\nIn these early days it took a young man of con-\\nsiderable pluck to leave home and kindred and start\\nwithout money and friend for the wilds of Michi-\\ngan, there to carve out for himself a home but such\\na person was Harrison Adams, he coming into the\\ncounty with Robert Crawford and commenced work-\\ning by the month for a livelihood. He soon purchased\\neighty acres of land of Hon. George Redfield, and\\nnow has a fine farm with the necessary accompani-\\nment of buildings, and possesses wisdom enough to\\nenjoy the fruits of his labors. He recalls the econo-\\nmies practiced by the people, and instances the fact\\nthat men and women would carry their boots and\\nshoes in their hands while on their way to church, in\\norder to save them, and just before entering would,\\non a friendly, log secreted from observation, encase\\ntheir extremities and walk into church with as much\\nsang-froid as if they could afford such things. The\\ncostumes of the ladies were singularly alike, they\\nconsisting of blue calico, with a bonnet made of the\\nsame material. The people were cosmopolitan in the\\nstrictest meaning of that word, aristocracy being a\\nthing unknown. Stanbury Smith, father of Mrs.\\nAdams, came from New Jersey in 1831, and settled\\nin Milton Township, where she was born with her\\ntwin brother in 1832. They being the first twins\\nborn in that township, were naturally quite a curi-\\nosity, the people for miles around calling to see\\nthem, while the merchant at Edwardsburg sent out\\nthe material for dresses for the diminutive pair.\\nWhen she attained the age of five years, the whole\\nfamily were prostrated with the ague, and she carried\\nwater for their use in a jug from a neighbor s. On\\none well-remembered occasion, the jug was by accident\\nbroken, and many bitter tears did she shed over what\\nappeared to her infantile mind, a calamity. Mrs.\\nAdams twin brother now lives near Niles, in this\\nState.\\nRobert Salisbury was born in Scipio, Cayuga Co.,\\nN. Y., from which place he removed to Huron County,\\nand after a stay there of twenty-one years, in the\\nspring of 1833, removed to Howard Township, Sec-\\ntion 1, where he unloaded his household effects in the\\nmidst of the solid woods, and went to a saw-mill on\\nPokagon Creek and purchased lumber, which was set\\nslanting from the ground to a ridge-pole supported in\\ncrotches. This formed their first habitation, which\\nanswered this purpose until a more substantial log\\ncabin was erected. Here he endured the trials inci-\\ndent to pioneer life. At his house could frequently\\nbe heard the voice of worship, he being a member of\\nthe Methodist Episcopal Church. Under his roof\\nmany an itinerant minister of the Gospel found food\\nand shelter after his arduous labors. But he has gone\\nto his final reward, and William Salisbury, a repre-\\nsentation of the family, now lives in Jefferson, on a\\nfarm purchased some sixteen years since. He recol-\\nlects seeing in his boyhood days many people start\\nfor church, gun in hand, with which to dispatch a\\nstray deer or strutting turkey that might cross their\\npath. During service the guns could be seen ranged\\nagainst the outside of the building, which presented\\nmore the appearance of an arsinal, from its external\\ndecorations, than a house of worship.\\nAmong the records of township ofiicers frequently\\nappears the name of H. Carmichael. He was an\\nearly resident, but getting what is called in native\\nparlance the Western fever, be removed to Boons-\\nboro, Iowa, and there died. He was from Ohio.\\nThe Quaker element was well represented by Rich-\\nmond Marmon, who came from Logan County, Ohio,\\nin the spring of 1830, and after making a crop went\\nafter his family, which consisted at that time of seven,\\nbut subsequently of nine children, four of whom are", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0568.jp2"}, "569": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n371\\nnow living, and only one, Mrs. Nancy Stephenson,\\nin this county, and at whose home her father died in\\nNovember, 1865. Mrs. Stephenson recalls the time\\nwhen for three weeks they subsisted on a vegetable\\nand meat diet, having no flour whatever, pumpkins,\\nsquashes and potatoes, forming a goodly portion of\\ntheir daily meals. Mr. Marmon was a most Orthodox\\nQuaker, and disliked to have his children attend any\\nbut a Quaker meeting, even carrying it so far as to\\nestabli.9h a cemetery on his own farm now owned by\\nJ. London for the interment of his family.\\nJohn Stephenson came from Logan County, Ohio,\\nin 1833, and entered land in Section 6, and left his\\nsons, William and Isaac Z., to till the soil (and they\\nput in wheat in Calvin on rented land), while he went\\nafter the balance of his family, which consisted of\\nnine children, one of whom, Rebecca, did not come.\\nTheir names were William, Rebecca, Isaac Z., Samuel,\\nSeeley, John, Harvey, Ira and Eri. Ira was only\\nnine years old when he came here, consequently does\\nnot remember the changes as well as those older.\\nIsaac Z. purchased the old homestead.\\nJonathan Samson and his wife, Lois, came from\\nBraintree, Vt., to Painesville, Ohio, when, after a\\nsojourn of sixteen years, they moved to Niles, Berrien\\nCounty, and one year subsequently, or in 1835, came\\nto Jefferson, where he died, and his widow, aged\\neighty-two, still resides with her son Lafayette, the\\nyoungest of nine children. The old lady informed us\\nthat, previous to learning how to cure the ague, she\\nsuflFered intensely with it. In response to inquiry, she\\ncheerfully gave her prescription, which for brevity can\\nhardly be excelled. It was tie it up, and she assured\\nus that it never failed in the almost numberless in-\\nstances it had been trie l. The modus operandi is as\\nfollows The person afflicted must, in great secrecy,\\nand with hands behind containing a string, walk\\nbackward to a tree, and, having encircled it with the\\nstring and tied the knot, repeat the mystical words,\\nHere I tie you and here I leave you, and if observed\\nof no one, which would break the charm, a cure would\\nbe effected.\\nRobert Painter, of wiiom mention has been made\\nin connection with the manufacturing interests, was a\\nvery active business man. He came here from Holmes\\nCounty, Ohio, where he had been engaged in mer-\\ncantile pursuits, purchased a farm, and was soon\\nelected Justice of the Peace, which office he held for\\na long time, and was noted for his good judgment in\\nmatters that came before him officially. For a time,\\nhe was proprietor of a store in Cassopolis, but ulti-\\nmately drifted into manufacturing enterprises, which\\nproved a sad failure and the ruination of one of his\\nfriends, Richmond Marmon, who loaned him money.\\nmortgaging his farm to obtain it. Not being able to\\nface his old friends under his adversity, he took his\\ndeparture for Oregon, which is the last that can be\\nlearned concerning him.\\nHorace Hunt started in the woods in Section\\n25 in 1887, and, before his death, had accom-\\nplished his task that of clearing up and making\\nproductive the farm of his choice. He was a wagon\\nmaker by trade, and after coming here would wood\\nplows for the settlers. His home was formerly in\\nChampaign County, Ohio.\\nWilliam Condon, as will be seen elsewhere, came\\nto Cass County in 1838.\\nIn 1834-35, the tide of emigration swept westward,\\nand there could be seen an almost never-breaking line\\nof canvas-covered wagons, containing emigrants,\\nwith the usual accompaniments of numerous children,\\nstock and a few rude agricultural implements. Many\\ncame, via the lakes, to Detroit, and then, making up\\ntheir outfits, passed westward to and through Michi-\\ngan Territory, which was one of the channels of emi-\\ngration and they would pay extravagant prices for\\nmilch cows, $65 to $85 frequently being realized by\\nthose on the route who had them for sale.\\nTaking a leap of sixteen years, we find ourselves\\nin the midst of a people clothed in the habiliments of\\ngrief over the death of their children, who died by the\\nscores of the bloody flux, which partook of the nature\\nof an epidemic, and which baffled the skill of the\\nphysicians. In one school jurisdiction the Stephen-\\nson District fifteen children were sacrificed to this\\nMoloch before its ravages were stayed by the advent\\nof cold weather. In a few instances, it attacked\\ngrown persons, and John Pettigrew and wife died\\nfrom its effects, although but few adult persons were\\neffected.\\nUp to this place we have mentioned many of those\\nwho came into the townsiiip and struck the first blows\\nin behalf of civilization. While their possessions\\nwere small, their wants were very much circumscribed,\\nand they were as independent of the outside world as\\nany community of men to be found anywhere. From\\ntheir land they raised enough cereals, fruits and vege-\\ntables, not only to sustain life, but to barter with the\\nIndians for maple sugar and exchange at their trading\\npost for other necessary articles. Flax and wool was\\nraised from which the thrifty housewife and helpmeet\\nmanufactured cloth for garments for the entire house-\\nhold, with the exception of an occasional calico dress,\\nwhich was carefully preserved for important occasions,\\nsuch as places of social gatherings, church, weddings\\nand funerals. Aristocracy was unknown, the latest\\nParisian fashions and styles possessed no attractions\\nfor them each was the peer of the other, and instead", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0569.jp2"}, "570": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nof a spirit of rivalry as regards external decorations\\nand equipages was that of truly neighborly kindness\\nand industry. The literal latch-string hung out to\\nall comers, and the best the house afforded was ten-\\ndered the passing guest, who was ever admonished to\\ncall again should they be in that vicinity again\\nthere was a heartiness of welcome and genuine hos-\\npitality exhibited that would* be truly refreshing now\\ndays, for it has passed away with the log cabin, the\\nloom and the spinning-wheel, together with the white-\\ncapped spectacled old lady who graced the puncheon\\nfloors of a few decades ago. Occasionally can be\\nfound one of these venerable pioneers, and they al-\\nmost without exception claim to have enjoyed life and\\nexperienced more true happiness when they were\\npioneering than since fortune has smiled upon them.\\nIn order that none be neglected who are entitled to\\nnotice, we append a full list of original land entries\\nwhich, aside from their historic interest, will be val-\\nuable for future reference\\nORIGINAL LAND ENTRIES.\\nSection 1\\nStephen Marmon, Logan County, Ohio, .lamiary 11, 1830,10**\\nIowa and died HO\\nAaron Brown, Logan County, Ohio, Feb. 18, 1830, to Iowa\\nand then California 94\\nPeter Marmon, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 18, 1830 143\\nDavid T. Nicholson, Indiana, March 13, 1830, went to Mis-\\nsouri and died 8q\\nDavid T. Nicholson, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 23, 1830, went\\nto Missouri and died yg\\nDaniel Burnham, New Hampshire, June 13, 1831 80\\nF. Smith, New Hampshire, June 13, 1831 80\\nSection 2.\\nRichmon Marmon, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 12, 1831 80\\nRichnion Marmon, Cass County, Mich., Pec. 22, 1835 40\\nHarmon, Evelina, Amanda, Rebecca and Robert Painter,\\nHolmes County, Ohio, Oct. 15, 1832, went to Colorado... 80\\nRobert Painter, Cass County, Mich., March 26, 1833 62\\nElizabeth Holmes, Dec. 24, 1833 80\\nElizabeth Holmes, Feb. 17, 1834 40\\nHenry P. Voorhees, Montgomery County, N. V June 9\\n1835 144\\nCarlos Baldwin, March 8, 1836 80\\nSuction o.\\nDavid Vanhouter, Cass ounty, Mich., Nov. 10, 1834\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ohio.. 65\\nDavid Vanhouter, Cass County, Mich. June 29, 1835 80\\nHenry P. Voorhees, Montgomery County, N. Y., Jan. 18,_\u00c2\u00a3y\\n1^86 303\\nCarlos Baldwin, Kalamazoo County, Mich., March 8, 1836.... 40\\nAndrew B. Sears, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1836 120\\nSkction 4.\\nCorrell Messenger, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31, 1834 67\\nJacob Silver, Cass County, Mich., July 15, 1836, and Feb. 16,\\n18. i6 22n\\nKivemus Messenger, Marion County, Ohio, Sept. 12 and lit,\\n1835 200\\nLawrence, Imlay ^c B 120\\nSection 5.\\nAbram Loux, Berrien County, Mich., Jan. 10, 1833 71\\nAbram Loux, Berrien County, Sept. 19, 1836 80\\nAbram Loux, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 3, 1836 40\\nAbram Loux, Jan. 13, 1837 40\\nHenry P. Voorhees, June 29, 1835 310\\nHarrison C. Long, St. Joseph s County, Ind Oct. 27, 1836... 40\\nN. B. P. A. Lee, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 3, 1846 40\\nSection 6.\\nJohn Pettigrevf, Clark County, Ohio, Jan. 7, 1831 152\\nJohn Pettigrew, Jr., Clark County, Ohio, Jan. 24, 1831 72\\nJames Pettigrew, Jr., Montgomery County, Ohio, Oct. 26,\\n1833 80\\nJohn Stephenson, Logan County, Ohio, Sept. 27, 1833, Logan\\nCounty 78\\nJohn Stephenson, Logan County, Ohio, April 8, 1835, Cass\\nCounty 80\\nJohn Pettigrew, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 14, 1836 79\\nAbram Loux, Cass County. Mich., Dec. 5, 1836 40\\nJohn Hatfield, St. Joseph County, Ind., Feb. 21, 1835 40\\nSection 7.\\nIra H. Putnam, Cass County, Mich., May 6, 1834 80\\nIra H. Putnam, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 11, 1835 40\\nBenjamin ooper, Marion County, Ohio, June 17, 1834 160\\nGeorge Clark, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 30, 1834 40\\nJohn Pettigrew, Jr., Cass County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1834 40\\nMason Lee, Ontario County, N. Y., July 11, 1835 40\\nMason Lee, Ontario County, N. Y., July 15, 1836 80\\nHaynes, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 5, 1836 79\\nUkction 8.\\nWilliam H. Filley, Cass County, Mich., Aug 26, 1835 40\\nIsaac Sears, Erie County, Penn., Sept. 11, 1835 320\\nRichard Bosley, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 9, 1835 80 1\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836\\n200\\nSection 9.\\nHenry P. Voorhees, Montgomery County, N. Y., June 29,\\n1835 160\\nWilliam S,alraon, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 31, 18.35 59\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836 160\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., May 14, 1836 41\\nWilliam A. Mills, Livingston County, N. Y., Dec. 6, 1836 59\\nSection 10.\\nHenry P. Voorhees, Montgomery County, N. Y., June 29,\\n1835 307\\nSamuel F. Anderson, Orleans County, N. Y., March 8, 1836.. 40\\nAlauson Ward, Genesee County, N. Y., Dec. 6, 1836 40\\nWilliam A. Mills, Livingston County, N. Y., Dec. 6, 1836 122\\nElias B. Sherman, Cass County, Mich Dec. 6, 1836 80\\nSection 11.\\nSamuel Colyar, Cass County, Mich., July 12, 1831 160\\nMaxwell Zane, Cass County, Mich., Aug, 23, 1831 80\\nIsaac Zane, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 17, 1834 40\\nSquire B. Zane, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 21, 1835 40\\nDavid Reams, Cass County, Mich., March 19, 1834 40\\nDavid Keams, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 1, 1835 40\\nSarah Reams, ass County, Mich., Dec. 21, 1835 40\\nNathan Norton, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 21, 1835 40\\nL. D. and P. Norton, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 6, 18.36 40\\nAlanson Ward, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 6, 1836 80\\nAmbrose .Marshall, Cass County, Mich., Jau. 25, 1847 40", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0570.jp2"}, "571": {"fulltext": "PLEy\\\\SANT KOF^TOK-\\nPLEASANT NORTON.\\nThe subject of this sketch, during his life one of\\nthe best known citizens of the county, was born in\\nGrayson County, Va., in 1806. When two years of\\nage, his parents moved to Champaign County, Ohio,\\nand a short time afterward to Logan County, in the\\nsame State. He moved from there to Cass County,\\nand settled in Jefferson Township in 1832, where he i\\nresided until the day of his death, in 1877. He was\\nmarried in 1826, to Rachel Fukery, who is still liv-\\ning. Mrs. Norton was born in Highland County,\\nOhio, in 1808, and is the mother of ten children, six\\nof whom are living, viz., Amanda (Mrs. C. G. Banks),\\nElizabeth (Mrs. W. W. Peck), Louisa (Mrs. D. J.\\nHayward), Maxwell Z., Hiram and John C. Norton.\\nJane (Mrs. Nicholson), James L., Harriet and Mary\\nAnn are deceased. The latter died in infancy.\\nMr. Norton was always a firm but consistent Demo-\\ncrat. He cast his first vote for Andrew Jackson. So\\nlong as he would consent to serve the public, ho occu-\\npied prominent official positions. He was twice\\nelected to the State Legislature was nine times\\nelected Supervisor from Jefferson, and was for four\\nterms the Treasurer of his township. His career was\\nuseful and varied. At his decease he left a large\\nproperty, which had been accumulated by his persist-\\nent industry, and held by good management.\\nThough of limited education, he was acknowledged\\nto be a man of far more than ordinary native ability\\nand force of character. In whatever public position\\nhe was placed, his friends and neighbors always looked\\nto him with confidence as a safe and honest leader,\\nnor were they ever disappointed. He was a man of\\nkind and generous impulses, ever ready to help the\\nsuffering poor and to contribute from his means to the\\nmaterial well-being of his township and county. The\\ndeserving young who appealed to him for assistance\\nin their first struggles for position in society always\\nmet with kind, fatherly counsel and not infrequently\\nwith more substantial evidence of his generous nature.\\nMr. Norton s popularity and the esteem in which he\\nwas held were attested by the remarkably large at-\\ntendance at his funeral, over six hundred persons\\nbeing present from all parts of the county.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0571.jp2"}, "572": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0572.jp2"}, "573": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY MICHIGAxN.\\n373\\nSection 12.\\nNathan Norton, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 20, 1830 80\\nMaxwell Zane, Logan County, Ohio, March 12, 1830 80\\nMaxwell Zane, Logan County, Ohio, Aug. 23, 1831 80\\nWilliam Zane, Logan County, Ottio, Sept. 16, 1830 IGO\\nPleasant Norton, Champaign County, Ohio, Aug. 23, 1831 160\\nDaviil T. Nicholson, Oct. 18, 1834 36\\nNorton and William Zane, Dec. Irt, 1835 40\\nSection 13.\\nPleasant Norton, July 10, 1835 40\\nPleasant Norton, Aug. 22, 1835 35\\nElizabeth Thomas, Aug. 27, 1835 80\\nGiles Norton, Sept. 21, 1835 40\\nMoses Reams, Oct. 19, 1835 40\\nHenry Carmichael, Feb. 2, 1836 80\\nGeorge Redtield, April 21, 1836 80\\nGeorge ReJfield, Feb. 1, 1837 80\\nLevi D. Norton, Dec. 5, 1836 80\\nMoses MclWain, Dec. 6, 1836 40\\nMoses Mcllvain, Feb. 9, 1837 40\\nSection 14.\\n.John P. Miller, Cass County, Mich., June 26, 1833 40\\nWilliam Zane, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 17, 1834 40\\nWilliam Zane, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 22, 1836 40\\nWilliam Zane, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 16, 1836 40\\nRobert Painter, Cass County, Mich., July 7, 1835 40\\nElizabeth Thomas, Aug. 27, 1835 40\\nElizabeth Thomas, Dec. 7, 1835 40\\nElizabeth Thomas, Jan. 2, 1836 40\\nPeter Smith, Clark County, Ohio, Oct. 26, 1835 40\\nLevi D. Norton, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 13, 1835 40\\nPeter R. Reams, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 28, 1835 40\\nPeter R. Reams, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 12, 1835 40\\nCynthia Hoag, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 6, 1836 80\\nMoses Reams, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 21, 1836 40\\nMoses Reams, Cass County, Mich., March 23, 183; 40\\nSection 15.\\nAaron Reams, Feb. 17,1834 40\\nChristian Smith, Clark County, Ohio, Oct. 26, 1835 80\\nPeter Smith, Clark County, Ohio, Oct. 26, 1835 40\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836 200\\nGeorge Redfield, May 14, 1836 42\\nAlex H. Redfield, Dec. 6, 1836 114\\nCynthia Hoag, St. Joseph County, Dec. 6, 1830 33\\nSection 16.\\nSchool Lands.\\nSection 17.\\nIsaac Sears, Erie County, Penn., Sept. 11, 1835 160\\nLawrence, Imlay .S: Co., May 14, 1836 4011\\nGeorge Redfield, May 14, 183r, 80\\nSection 18.\\nMason Lee, Ontario County, N. Y., Aug. 27, 1834 320\\nWm. H. Fluallen, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 7, 1835 80\\nJohn T. Adams, Cass County, Mich., July 16, 1836 80\\nMason Lee, Dec. 5, 1836 160\\nSection 19.\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836 320\\nA. H. Redfield, Dec. 6, 1836 161\\nAsa Northam, Dec. 5, 1836 164\\nSection 20.\\nGeorge Redfield, March 15, 1886 i46\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836 411\\nSection 21.\\nAdam Miller, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 13, 1832 40\\nDavid Carmichael, Shelby County, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1832 188\\nJohn P. Miller, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 21, 1835 80\\nLawrence, Beach I., May 14, 1836 103\\nA. H. Redfield, Dec. 6, 1836 40\\nSection 22.\\nCalvin Colt, Monroe County, N. Y., June 29, 1835 200\\nMaxwell Zane, June 29, 1836 40\\nHenry P. Voorhees, June 29, 1835 400\\nSection 23.\\nJohn?. Miller, June 26, 1833 80\\nJohn P. Miller, Jan. 25, 1836 ,S(|\\nJohn P. Miller, July 15, 1836 40\\nNoah Zane, Elkhart County, Ind., Jan. 8, 1834 40\\nCharles Still, Sept. 13, 1834 40\\nJosephus Baldwin, July 2, 1H35 80\\nElizabeth Thomas, Aug. 27, 1835 41)\\nAbner Tharp, Sept. 23, 1835 200\\nGeorge B. Turner, Washington County, N. Y., April 29, 1836 40\\nSection 24.\\nLevi D. Norton, Feb. 6, 1834 40\\nLevi D. Norton, Nov. 30, 1835 40\\nBenajah Williams, Aug. 8, 1834 40\\nJames White, Aug. 26, 1835 40\\nAnd. White, Oct. 6, 1835 40\\nElizabeth White, Oct. 6, 1835 80\\nAnd. White, Oct. 9, 1835 40\\nAlex. White, Dec. 22, 1835 80\\nGeorge White, Dec. 5, 1836 80\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 28, 1836 80\\n.Marcus Sherrell, Feb. 1, 1837 40\\nHorace Hunt, March 20, 1837 40\\nGeorge Redfield, April 3, 1847 40\\nSection 25.\\nPeter Shaffer, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 2, 1836 40\\nJoseph Smith, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 23, 1836 40\\nMoses Mcllvain, Champaign County, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1835 120\\nElizabeth Thomas, Jan. 2, 1836 160\\nHorace Hunt, Champaign County, Ohio, Feb. 2, Dec. 3, 1836 100\\nSection 26.\\nJoseph Smith, June 29, 1835 80\\nJoseph Smith, Dec. 19, 1849 40\\nJoseph Smith, Assignee, June 28, 1853 80\\n^\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Vbner Tharp, Sept. 23, 183 40\\nJohn Kosebraugh, Feb 23,1836 80\\nSterling A. Turner, Washington County, N. Y., April 29, 1836 120\\nIsaac Williams, Jan. 17, 1837... 40\\nSilas Hunt, Jan. 30, 1837 40\\nHorace Hunt, March 20, 1837 40\\nA. H. Redfield, March 29, 1837 80\\nSection 27.\\nAbner Tharp, June 25, 1831 80\\nJohn Vaughn, June 29, 1833 40\\nJoseph Smith, Nov. 2, 1838 160\\nJoseph Smith, June 29, 1836 120\\nGeorge Redfield, Ontario County, N. Y., Aug. 1, 1834 160\\nJohn Rosebraugh, Dec. 16, 1835 80", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0573.jp2"}, "574": {"fulltext": "374\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSection 28.\\nWilliam Barton, Berrien County, Mich., Jan. 1, 1831\\nWilliam Barton, Berrien County, Mich., June 6, 1831\\n.John 1 Miller, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 13, 1832\\nHenry D. Tharp, Hardin County, Ohio, March 5, 1834\\nGeeorge Redtield, Ontario County, N. Y., July 21 and March\\n16,1830\\nGeorge Redtield, Ontario County, N. Y., July 21 and March\\nJonathan Samson, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 5, 183K..\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836\\nSilas Baldwin, Dec. 3, 1836\\nSection 29.\\nGeorge Redtield, Cass County, Mich., March 15, 1836..\\nLawrence,\\nilay B., March 14, 1836..\\nSection 30.\\nEphraim Hanson, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 26, 1835..\\nGeorge Redtield, Cass County, Mich., May 15, 1836..\\nLav\\nImlay B., May 14, 1836..\\nSection 31.\\nWilliam Mendenhall, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 1, 1831\\nMyron Strong, Ontario County. N. Y., Nov. 5, 1834\\nBarton B. Dunning, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 15, 1834\\nBarton B. Dunning, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 28, 1835\\nBarton B. Dunning, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 16,1837\\nWilliam Schenck, Herkimer County, N. Y., Nov? 10, 1835..\\nLawrence, Imlay Co., May 14. 1836\\nSection 32.\\nMyron Strong, Nov. 5, 1834\\nMyron Strong, Feb. 6, 1836\\nMyron Strong, Dec. 5, 1836\\nDaniel Farnham, Nov. 20, 1834\\nHenry Dwight, Seneca County, N. Y., Oct. 8, 1835..\\nMehitable Bogart, Oct. 20, 1835\\nThomas M. Adams, Jan. 6, 1836\\nJoseph L. Jacks, March 5, 1836\\nJacob Price, May 7, 1836\\nJacob Price, April 33, 1836\\nRobert Foster, Dec. 5, 1836\\nSection 33.\\nObadiah Sawtell, Erie County, Penn., July 6, 1831\\nEzra Beardsley, July 16, 1831\\nJohn McDaniels, Logan County, Ohio^ Junel2, 1834\\nJohn McDaniels, Logan County, Ohio, June 12, 1834....\\nDavid Short. Ontario County, N. Y., July 21, 1834\\nHorace B. Dunning, Cass County, Mich., July 29, 1834..\\nSamuel Noyes, Jan. 14, 1835\\nHenry Uwight, Seneca County, N. Y., June 10, 1835\\nEdwin Morse, Seneca County, N. Y., Dec. 12, 1835\\nSection i\\nIsaac llultz, June 24, 1831\\nIsaac Dunning, Nov. 5, 1834\\nJoseph Smith, June 9, 1835\\nHenry Dwight, June 10, 1835\\nHenry Smith, Aug. 17, 1835\\nBaruk Mead, Oct. 16, 1835\\nHorace B. Dunning, Nov. 28, 1835.\\nSilas Baldwin, Dec. 3, 1836\\nHenry P. Voorhees, June 29, 1835 605\\nJoseph Smith, July 8, 1836 42\\nSection 36.\\nHenry P. Voorhees, June 29, 1835\\nWilliam Sherwood, Oct. 16, 1835\\nJoseph Smith, .A^pril 3, 1848\\nAside from those who came and settled in an early\\nday, are others who came in later and contributed\\nlargely to the development of the township, and are\\nentitled to notice. In this connection, we refer to\\nR. B. Davis, a native Virginian, who reached this\\ncounty in 1840, after a five years stay in Clark\\nCounty, Ohio, and purchased a quarter-section of\\nland, which he still retains. At that time, but thirty\\nacres had been cleared. Mr. Davis has not been an\\naspirant for civic honors, he devoting his energies\\nalmost exclusively to agriculture, his chosen occupa-\\ntion, but has ever taken a deep interest in religious\\nmatters and it was through his instrumentality that\\nthe Christian Church of Jefferson was organized, he\\nbeing one of the original nine members. He has now\\nretired from active business, the farm being conducted\\nby his son, H. C. Davis, who is a member of the\\nExecutive Committee of the County Pioneer Society,\\nand has filled several township oflices.\\nThe most trivial circumstances frequently change\\nthe location a person selects for a home, and this was\\nthe case with Matthias Weaver, who came here from\\nMontgomery County, N. Y., and, not finding land that\\nsuited him, was about to start for Berrien County,\\nthis State, when accosted by Asa Kingsbury, who,\\nlearning the state of affairs, took him to Section\\n35, where he purchased the farm on which he\\ndied in November, 1869, his wife Catharine following\\nhim in June, 1876. Being a carpenter by trade, he\\nat once erected a frame house, it being among the\\nfirst in the township, and was erected on a farm where\\nnot a stick of timber was amiss. The old homestead\\nis now occupied by his son, William Weaver. Will-\\niam Hanson came from i.\\\\lbany, N. Y., when eleven\\nyears of age, with bis father, and by persistent effort,\\nsince arriving at the age of maturity, has acquired a\\ncompetency and now resides in Edwardsburg, his two\\nsons, Charles and H. A. (Hanson) Hanson, occupy-\\ning two of his farms in Jefferson.\\nThe father of George S. Parker (Haines) came\\nfrom Logan County, Ohio, in 1848, and settled in\\nCalvin. His death occurred in Jefferson. Mrs. Par-\\nker is a daughter of Rev. B. H. Kenneston, one of the\\nfirst pastors of the Christian Church.\\nAmong those quiet ones who go about their daily\\nlabor, which in the aggregate expands and develops\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0574.jp2"}, "575": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n375\\nthe county, is M. A. Thayer, who, when he first com-\\nmenced laboring on his present farm in 1855, found\\nbut thirty acres under cultivation.\\nMr. Thayer has an exemplar in the person of\\nWilliam E. Morse, who came from Onondaga County,\\nN. Y., in 1858, and is now a resident in Section 24.\\nAnd still another of these quiet workers can be found\\nin the person of Smith Wooden, a son of Zaccheus\\nWooden, who trapped in this county in 1813, Smith\\nbecoming a resident of the county in 1853.\\nThis township has always been irrevocably Dem-\\nocratic in politics, but through the indefatigable eflbrts\\nof J. J. Higgins Republican and some others, this\\nmajority was cut down one half at the last election.\\nMr. Higgins takes great interest in anything that per-\\ntains to the general weal of his township and county,\\nhe being a resident since 1858.\\nAmong the prominent grangers of the county is\\nW. E. Peck, who came from Onondaga County, N.Y.,\\nin 1866. Cassopolis Grange, No. 162, includes in its\\njurisdiction Penn, La Grange, Calvin and Jefferson\\nTowniships, and was organized December 18, 1873.\\nMr. Peck is Master of the Grange, and his wife,\\nSarah E. Peck, is Secretary. A record of the society\\nwill be found in the general history. Mr. Peck has\\nbeen appointed by the Secretary of the State as re-\\nporter of the agricultural products and resources of\\nhis township.\\nSince the advent of J. A. Reynolds into the coun-\\nty, from Chenango County, N. Y., he has been iden-\\ntified with many of its public interests. First settling\\nin Howard, he acted as one of the Commissioners to\\nreconstruct the roads and have them surveyed as at\\npresent. Since 1850, he has been a resident of\\nJefferson, and has served as Justice of the Peace and\\nin various other public offices. On his farm can be\\nfound fine farm buildings, while from an orchard of\\neight hundred trees, the largest in the township, he\\nderives a fine income.\\nThe County Infirmary, located in this township, is\\na rather imposing looking building, and the manner\\nin which it is kept by A. J. Tallerday reflects credit\\nupon him. Mr. Tallerday has been a resident of the\\ncounty since 1846.\\nLester Graham possesses one of the oldest farms in\\nthe township, it being located in Section 2. Mrs.\\nGraham is a daughter of the pioneer Maj. Smith,\\nwhose record appears elsewhere.\\nAlthough an Englishman by birth, no more patri-\\notic Republican can be found than D. Rose, who has\\nbeen a resident since 1876.\\nWilliam A. Runkle, a representative young farmer,\\nis a son of one of the pioneers noticed elsewhere,\\nwhile Frank Fox, also a forehanded young farmer.\\nsought after the mystical pot of gold to be found by\\nthe setting sun, and returned from the Pacific Slope\\nwell compensated for his search.\\nThe name of Frank Hayden should not be omitted\\nas among the later agriculturists, and thus have we\\ntraced the records from the first tillers of the soil,\\nwho performed the initial labors among many dis-\\ncouragements, down to the time when improved\\nfarms with modern machinery for tilling are in pos-\\nsession of young men who start life under far more\\nauspicuous circumstances than did their predecessors.\\nFifty-four years, during which time many momentous\\nevents have occurred in nations as well as communi-\\nties, have passed into eternity since the first settlers\\nlocated in this township, and now we find it teeming\\nwith a population of 1,014 individuals who possess\\nin the aggregate 19,721 acres of land, divided into\\n160 farms. On these farms, in 1869, they raised 69,-\\n437 bushels of wheat, 104,225 bushels of corn in the\\near, 633 bushels of clover seed, 6,055 bushels of po-\\ntatoes, 1,700 tons of hay. In 1880, they possessed\\n550 horses, 482 head of cattle, 1,996 hogs and 2,300\\nsheep; 418 acres are occupied by orchards, while\\nlesser fruits can be found in great abundance. There\\ncan still be seen quite a number of log houses, but\\nthese are fast being replaced by more elegant and\\ncommodious buildings.\\nINITIAL EVENTS.\\nWhen the early settlers came into the county, those\\nwho went north from Edwardsburg made a detour\\nalong the western side of Jefferson, and thea eastward\\nthrough La Grange, following an old trail as marked\\nout by some one unknown. Isaac Hulse, who came\\nfrom Clark County, Ohio, changed the road by first\\nstaking it out with burnt sticks, and then drawing an\\nimmense log the entire distance several times, to give\\nit the appearance of an old traveled road, and when,\\nin 1837, David Crane, Jacob Silver and George\\nRogers, Road Commissioners, instructed H. P. Bar-\\nnum. Surveyor, where to survey the road that ex-\\ntends from Edwardsburg to Cassopolis they followed,\\nwith hardly any variation, the road as laid out by Mr.\\nHulse, and which, by the way, had been traveled up\\nto this time. This was the first road laid through\\nthe township, and to that row of burnt and blackened\\nsticks in the hands of one who wanted a short cut\\nis this diagonal road attributable.\\nThe next road that was projected extended west\\nfrom the present farm of L. Graham. Many roads\\nI were laid out by the Commissioners crossing in all\\nj directions through the land, the accommodation of those\\nmaking the petitions being the principal consideration.\\nMany of these were never worked, and eventually", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0575.jp2"}, "576": {"fulltext": "376\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntaken up, so that unless lakes interfere, the roads are\\nnow principally on section lines.\\nThe Grand Trunk Railroad runs diagonally from\\nnearly the northeast to the southwest corners, while\\nthe Michigan Central Air Line runs through three\\nsections in the northwest corner, and on which is\\nlocated Dailey, the only railroad station in the town-\\nship.\\nIn the estray book, under the date of December\\n8, 1835, we find the following, signed by Benjamin\\nCooper Taken up by the subscriber in Jefferson\\nTownship and county of Cass, M. T., a steer one year\\nold last spring, colored read and with white star on\\nhis forehead, marked with a half crop off the side of\\nthe left ear.\\nThis shows a custom then existing among settlers\\nof cropping and otherwise disfiguring the ears of their\\nstock, so that when lost they could be identified by\\nmeans of these marks as they were designated.\\nThe first frame barn was erected by Maj. Smith,\\non the farm now owned by James Lowman, in 1838,\\nand that season, or the one following, he constructed\\nthe first frame house. Deacon Sherrel was among\\nthe first to erect a frame building.\\nOrchards, now so plentiful as to elicit no comment,\\nwere once considered almost invaluable. In 1832,\\nPeter Marmon, Richmond Marmon and D. T. Nichol-\\nson, set out orchards, the first in the township.\\nThe first marriage bells rung in the township was\\nin honor of the marriage of Mary Colyar to Peter\\nReams, in the winter of 1831.\\nThe stern messenger of death is ever with us, and\\nfirst made his appearance in the family of D. T. Nich-\\nolson, who lost a child.\\nDAILEY.\\nThe only place in Jefferson that can be dignified\\nby the name of village, is Dailey. It is located in\\nSections 5 and 6 on the Air Line Railroad, to which\\nit owes its existence. After the completion of the\\nroad, in 1871, the citizens, desiring a station, pur-\\nchased three acres of land and donated it to the rail-\\nroad company, who erected thereon a freight and\\npassenger house. The names of the donors of the\\nland as far as can be ascertained, are I. A. Shin-\\ngledecker, H. Kimmerle, William Hain, H. C. West-\\nfall, William Sailesbury, T. T. Higgins and S. Ste-\\nphenson. In 1872, a post ofiice was established, with\\nM. T. Garvey as Postmaster. The business is done\\nat two stores, one machine shop and one blacksmith\\nshop.\\nIn March, 1881, the Dailey Cornet Band was or-\\nganized, with Schuyler Hain as President William\\nBrewer, Secretary H. D. Giiford, Treasurer, and has\\na membership of tjiirteen is now officered as follows\\nRalph Hain, President A. J. Gilford, Vice-President\\nSchuyler Hain, Secretary, and W. T.Very, Treasurer.\\nA post office has been established at Redfield s\\nMills, where also can be found a small country store.\\nJefferson Post Office is numbered among the things\\nthat were. It never was a necessity and has ever had\\nan uncertain existence.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nKnowledge is power, and that those who early in-\\nhabited this township realized this fact is evinced\\nfrom the interest taken in educational affairs the\\nyoung being instructed, before a schoolhouse could be\\nerected for them, in private houses. The first school\\nwas taught by Martha Mcllvaine (now Norton), in the\\nsmokehouse of Maxwell Zane, in 1833. Mother\\nearth smoothed and patted down constituted the floor,\\nand the scholars sat on benches made of slabs split from\\nlogs, the legs to the seats consisting of four roughly-\\nhewn sticks inserted in auger holes. The school was\\nmaintained by subscription. The first schoolhouse\\nwas constructed of logs, on the corner, near the pres-\\nent residence of Lester Graham, and afterward moved\\nsouth to the forks in the road, on the same place\\nwhere stands the brick schoolhouse. M. Hunter\\ntaught the first school in this house. The second\\nschoolhouse was built on the farm now owned by John\\nCondon, also of logs.\\nWith other things, the school interests have ad-\\nvanced, until now it comprises seven school districts,\\nwith one brick and six frame schoolhouses, having a\\nseating capacity of 379. There are 106 volumes in\\nthe school libraries. During the school year ending\\nin 1880, there were twenty-two and one-half months\\ntaught by male teachers, who were paid $716.50, and\\nby female teachers thirty months, and they received\\nas compensation $522.90. The districts are free\\nfrom bonded debts, and have a school population, that\\nis, children between the ages of five and twenty years,\\nof 306.\\nMANUFACTORIES.\\nThe location of this township in the interior, with\\nno water communication, no streams of any consider-\\nable size, and until of late years no railroad communi-\\ncation, would naturally prevent very extensive manu-\\nfacturing establishments being erected. It is not,\\nhowever, destitute of them. To John Pettigrew, Jr.,\\nbelongs the honor of building the first saw-mill in the\\ntownship. He came from Clark County, Ohio, in\\n1830, and in the spring of 1831 or 1832 erected on\\nthe South Branch of the Pokagon, in Section 6, a saw-\\nmill containing an old-fashioned upright saw, the\\nirons and saw for which were brought from Ohio in\\nwagons drawn by oxen. This mill played an impor-\\nI", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0576.jp2"}, "577": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntant part in the early settlement of that section, and,\\nin fact, it helped very materially in the advancement\\nof the country many miles distant, for lumber was\\nsold at Niles, this State, and Mishawaka, South\\nBend and Elkhart, Ind. When worn out, it was\\nreplaced by another located farther down the stream;\\nto which was dug a race, thereby increasing its motive\\npower. This mill has also had its day of usefulness,\\nand is now numbered among the things that were.\\nThe next record we have concerning mills was one\\nerected hy Peter Shaffer, of Calvin, and Dr. Beards-\\nley, of Elkhart, Ind., on the Christiana Creek, in\\n1836. This soon passed into the hands of Hon.\\nGeorge Redfield, who ran it for a number of years;\\nbut this, too, has succumbed to the ravages of time,\\nand in its place, or nearly so, stands a grist-mill of\\nthree run of stone built by Mr. Redfield in 1867.\\nThis is now run very successfully by Mr. W. B. Hay-\\nden, under the firm name of Redfield Hayden, and\\nis used for custom work almost exclusively.\\nAbout 1840, Robert Painter built a grist-mill,\\nwith two run of stone, just below the Shaffer-Beards-\\nley mill, and commenced the manufacture of flour.\\nHis mill pond, when flooded so as to give suSicient\\nwater, interfered with the saw-mill just above, and he\\ntherefore clianged its site further down the stream,\\nnearly on the bank of Painter s Lake, cutting a mill-\\nrace from his dam first built, which, passing through a\\nsmall pond, afforded ample water-power. With his in-\\ncreased power, his ambition to manufacture increased.\\nTherefore, a saw and woolen-mill were added to the\\ngrist-mill. The outlay necessarily made exceeded his\\nmeans, and recourse was made to his friends. The\\nproperty did not pay, however, and his creditors were\\nforced to foreclose their mortgages, and take the\\nproperty, which was hard upon those who had be-\\nfriended him; From this time on, it changed hands\\nrapidly the machinery to the woolen factory having\\nbeen removed, it not being a paying investment until\\nall was closed up, and the grist-mill machinery taken\\nto Edwardsburg, where it now does duty.\\nIn 1876, Mr. John McPherson, son of Joseph\\nMcPherson, whose early record can be found in La\\nGrange Township history built a grist-mill with two\\nrun of stone, on the site occupied by the John Petti-\\ngrew saw-mill, and is now engaged in manufacturing\\nHour, which is branded Centennial, in honor of our\\nnational anniversary, which occurred the year the\\nmill was erected. This mill turns out 2,700 barrels\\nof flour per year, besides grinding over fifteen thou-\\nsand bushels of feed per annum.\\nIn 1875, Benjamin Field established a machine shop\\nin Dailey, after a two years trial in Jones, this county,\\nand since that time by diligence and industry, has suc-\\nceeded in building up a very fine business. VVhen first\\nlocating here, he only possessed some blacksmith tools\\nand a small four-horse portable engine. He now has an\\neight-horse engine, two lathes, one planer the first\\nin the county and an upright drill-press, all valued\\nat $3,000, all of which shows what results can be ac-\\ncomplished if efforts are properly directed, for the\\nfame of this little machine shop is extending every\\nday, a molding department having been recently added.\\nRELIGIOUS SOCIETIES.\\nA colored preacher who proclaimed the Gospel in\\nthe house of Maxwell Zane was, according to all\\naccounts, the first one who proclaimed the Gospel of\\nPeace on earth, good will to men, in Jefferson.\\nThe First Christian Church of Jefli erson was or\\nganized at the house of R. B. Davis, November 20\\n1847, by Elders Joseph Roberts and James Atkinson\\nwith a membership of nine, as follows: Henry W\\nSmith, Sabrina Smith, Peter Smith, Sarah A. Smith\\nEdmond Thatcher, Phoebe Thatcher, Reuben B. Davis\\nSusanah Davis and Mary Cooper. It now has, ac\\ncording to the records, a membership of ninety-six\\nThe first Deacon was Henry Smith first clerk, Peter\\nSmith. In 1851, Rev. Jeremiah B. H. Kenaston\\ncame from Vermont and went to the schoolhouse,\\nwhere seVvices were then held, to preach, but found\\nhis congregation outside, one of the school oSicers, who\\nshall be nameless, having locked it and refused them\\nadmission. Nothing daunted. Rev. Kenaston mounted\\na friendly stump and delivered a most powerful ser-\\nmon, after which he baptized four persons. He was\\nimmediately employed as their pastor at a salary of\\n$60 per annum, his contract calling for sermons one\\nSaturday each month, every first and third Sunday of\\neach month, and generally a meeting in the after-\\nnoon and evening of same day, besides protracted\\nmeetings.\\nMay 31, 1851, a resolution was passed to construct\\na frame church, 30x45, with twelve feet post, and the\\ncontract was awarded to L. Painter, for $550. The\\nchurch was constructed this year, and the dedicatory\\nsermon was preached by Rev. Whitman. The deed\\nfor the land on which it now stands was obtained by\\nLeonard Goodrich, in October, 1859. The present\\nofficers are: Deacons Oscar Bishop, Elias B. Lowman;\\nElder, Adam Miller Clerk, Levi Weaver.\\nFIRST BAPTIST CHUKCH.\\nJuly 10, 1830, a meeting, called by Rev. Adam\\nMiller, was held in the barn of John Reed, for the\\npurpose of organizing a Baptist Church. Andrew\\nGrubb was elected Moderator and Isaac Hulse Clerk,\\nand after some preliminary work an adjournment was", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0577.jp2"}, "578": {"fulltext": "378\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nmade to August 7, when a constitution was\\nadopted, and Adam Miller engaged as pastor for one\\nyear, the second Saturday and Sunday of each month\\nbeing designated as the time for holding services.\\nThe first offices elected were Andrew Grubb, Dea-\\ncon Adam Miller, Moderator Isaac Hulse, Clerk\\nand Treasurer.\\nThe first house of worship was constructed of logs\\nin Section 12, where their cemetery still remains.\\nFor a time no stove or fire-place was provided and a\\nfire was built on the floorless ground, from which the\\nsmoke ascended heavenward through the shakes,\\nthen used in lieu of shingles.\\nChurch etiquette has undergone many changes and\\ninnovations since then, for what was at that time ad-\\nmissible would now be considered a grave offense, if\\nnot sacrilegious. It was not then considered a breach\\nof decorum to smoke during services, and many\\navailed themselves of the opportunity afforded, and,\\nshould occasion require, would repair to a stump out-\\nside where a fire had been kindled in warm weather\\nto obtain a light, and thpn resume their position\\namong the worshipers. The gravity of the most se-\\ndate would surely be overcome to see these honest\\nChristian people seated in long solemn rows, drawing\\nin spiritual nourishment and knowledge, as they\\nsedately pufted forth into the atmosphere clouds of\\nfleecy smoke. The present church edifice was con-\\nstructed in 1844, at an expense of $1,500, and is a\\nsubstantial building. The Rev. Mr. Stephenson, pas-\\ntor of the Baptist Church at Cassopolis, supplies their\\npulpit at present. The present officers are Jonathan\\nColyar, Deacon and Clerk Levi Reams, J. Colyar\\nand R. B. Williams, Trustees.\\nAbout three years since, a Christian Church was\\norganized at Dailey after a revival, and it has now\\nabout twenty-five members. Services are held every\\nother week in the schoolhouse, the present pastor being\\nRev. Mr. Terwilliger. The officers are Elder, Jo-\\nstph Cook; Deacons, Horace Cooper and H. C.\\nWestfall.\\nThe following comprises the principal township offi-\\ncers up to 1881\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1833, Robert Painter; 1834-40, Pleasant Norton\\n1841, Maxwell Zane 1842, Joseph Smith; 1843,\\nMarcus Peck 1844-45, Joseph Smith 1846, Bar-\\nton B. Dunning; 1847, Joseph Smith; 1848-50,\\nPleasant Norton 1851, N. Aldrich 1852, Pleasant\\nNorton; 1853, Henry W. Smith; 1854, Nathaniel\\nMonroe 1855-56, J. N. Marshall 1857-58, Mar-\\ncus Peck 1859-60, Joseph Hess 1861, Hiram R.\\nSchutt; 1862-63, Marcus Marsh; 1864, C. S. Swan\\n1865-66, G. W. Westfall; 1867, Andrew Wood;\\n1868, Marcus Marsh; 1869, S. C. Tharp 1870-72,\\nJohn S. Jacks; 1873, S. W. Breece; 1874-76, An-\\ndrew Wood; 1877-80, Harley R. Bement 1881,\\nHeman B. Shurter.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1833-35, Levi Norton; 1836-37, David Reams;\\n1838-39, David Carmichael 1840, Lorenzo Painter:\\n1841, William B. Reams 1842-45, Pleasant Nor-\\nton 1846, P. F. Carmichael 1847-48, Henry Car-\\nmichael 1849, Samuel Patrick; 1850-52, Henry\\nCarmichael; 1853-56, L. Goodrich; 1857, G. W.\\nWestfall; 1858, S. E. Davis: 18.59-60, Henry Car-\\nmichael; 1861, CorkiQ Hays; 1862, A. W. Zane;\\n1863, N. Hedger; 1864, H. C. Shurter; 1865,\\nSamuel Hess; 1866-67, H. R. Schutt; 1868-70, A.\\nTietsort; 1871-72, P. F. Carmichael; 187-3-74, N.\\nB. Farnsworth 1875, Samuel W. Breece 1876-77,\\nRobert Snyder; 1878, Heary C. Westfall; 1879-\\n80, Almanza Tietsort; 1881, John Condon.\\nCLERKS.\\n1833-34, William Zane; 1835, D. T. Nicholson;\\n1836-39, William Zane; 1840, William Bosley 1841,\\nMarcus Sherrell 1842, William Bosley 1843, Mar-\\ncus Peck; 1844-45, Marcus Sherrell; 1846, Robert\\nCrawford; 1847, S. L. Higinbotham; 1848-50,\\nCharles Amy; 1851-53, A. C. Carmichael; 1854,\\nN. C. Beach; 1855, A. C. Carmichael; 1856-57,\\nGeorge Tichnor; 1858, Charles Sherrell; 1859, H.\\nC. Holdin; 1860-64, J. C. Carmichael; 1865, Na-\\nthan Marr; 1866-68, C. L. Neff^; 1869, S. W.\\nBreece; 1870, N. B. Farnsworth; 1871-72, S. W.\\nBreece; 1873-81, Nelson Hedger.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nS. C. THARP.\\nNathan Tharp was a native of Virginia and moved\\nwith his father to Logan County, Ohio, in an early\\nday, and here married Lucinda, daughter of Isaac\\nZane, who was born March, 1766. Mr. Zane was\\none of the heroes of the war of 1812, in which he\\nparticipated as a soldier. He removed to Cass County\\nin 1833, and settled in Jefferson Township, where he\\ndied, February 19, 1839, in his seventy-fourth year.\\nS. C. Tharp, son of Nathan, was born in Logan\\nCounty, Ohio, June 26, 1828, and came to Cass\\nCounty, in 1830, with his parents, who had a family\\nof eight children, three of whom died in infancy. Of\\nthe other children, Hale is in California Helen, de-\\nceased Fanny, now Mrs. H. R. Cooper Zane and\\nS. C, both of whom are residents of this township.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0578.jp2"}, "579": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nNathan Tharp died February 19, 1839, while his\\nwidow still survives, and although in her eighty-third\\nyear, in the full enjoyment of all her faculties, and is\\na fine representative of the brave pioneer women who\\nhave done their full share in the developing of this\\ncounty. Having lost his father at the youthful age\\nof eleven years, the necessities of the family were\\nsuch that S. C. Tharp was obliged to add the results\\nof his daily labor toward the maintenance of himself\\nand the family, and he has nobly performed his part,\\nand as a consequence is conversant with the methods\\nand expedients adopted by pioneers to succeed under\\nadverse circumstances. His opportunities for obtain-\\ning an education were confined to the common schools.\\nBy industry and economy he has acquired a com-\\npetency, and now possesses a farm of 12B acres, and\\nis accounted among the successful farmers of his\\ntownship.\\nPolitically, he is a Democrat, and has been honored\\nwith nearly all the township offices, including Justice\\nof the Peace, Supervisor, etc.\\nHe has been for many years an honored member of\\nthe Masonic fraternity.\\nDecember 19, 1848, he was united in marriage to\\nChristinia, daughter of Ephraim Maxon. Mrs. Tharp\\nwas born in Clark County, Ohio, September 17, 1827.\\nTwo children have blessed their union Nathan P. and\\nMary A., now Mrs. J. D. Williams, all residents of\\nJefferson.\\nWILLIAM CONDON.\\nWilliam Condon was born in the county of Cork,\\nIreland, October 17, 1815, and is a son of Thomas\\nand Ellen (Sheeley) Condon. His father having\\ndeceased when he was a small boy, and his mother\\nhaving married again, he, in company with a brother\\nand sister, when fourteen years of age, accompanied\\nan uncle and about twenty of his relatives to Quebec,\\nCanada. He made Peterburg his home for about\\nfour years and then went to Buffalo, N. Y., and about\\nthree years later to Cleveland, Ohio. While residing\\nhere, the Patriot war broke out and he went to\\nCanada to join the insurgents, but, becoming unfavor-\\nably impressed with the embryo army, he returned to\\nCleveland and engaged to drive two yoke of oxen to\\nElkhart, Ind., for an emigrant, and reached there\\nMarch 18, 1838. Here he put in a crop of wheat,\\nwhich was exchanged for ninety-one acres of wild\\nland in La Grange, to which he made an additional\\npurchase of forty acres, working by the month at the\\nlow wages then received to pay for it. He worked\\nextremely hard in clearing this land, often chopping\\nthrough the entire night, if moonlight, for he was a\\nman of unusual powers of endurance. In 1840, he\\nerected a log cabin, which, in a measure, com-\\nmemorated his identification with the Whig party.\\nWhile clearing his farm, he kept bachelor s hall until\\nhis marriage, June 16, 1844, to Rosana, daughter of.\\nJohn Hain, a pioneer of La Grange, who was born\\nJune 22, 1827. By perseverance, economy and hard\\nlabor, Mr. Condon has succeeded in accumulating a\\nhandsome competency and is numbered among the\\nsuccessful farmers of Jefferson Township, for before\\nbequeathing a portion to his son he possessed a farm\\nof 440 acres.\\nHe has been identified with the Democratic party\\nsince 1856, and, although elected to the office of Jus-\\ntice of the Peace, never served, for, having an aversion\\nfor public or official life, he refused to qualify.\\nHe has been a member of the Masonic fraternity\\nmany years, and as a Chapter member held the office of\\nTreasurer for many years. Of his family of ten chil-\\ndren, John, Mary, Joseph and Samuel are living,\\nwhile David, Ellen, Nora, William, James and\\nThomas are deceased.\\nISHMAEL LEE.\\nIshmael Lee, who was born in Blount County,\\nTenn., May 22, 1815, moved to Wayne County, Ind.,\\nand from there, in 1834, to this county, where he\\nlived for many years in Section 1, about one-half mile\\nsouth of the Air Line depot of Cassopolis. In 1852,\\nhe removed to Iowa, where he died near Mitchellville,\\nApril 22, 1879. He was twice married, first to Miss\\nSallie East, daughter of William East, who died\\nApril 22, 1840 and then to Miss Marion Marmon,\\ndaughter of Peter Marmon.\\nWe extract the following from the pioneer necrol-\\nogy regarding him Mr. Lee was one of the most\\nfaithful and successful conductors on the Underground\\nRailroad, and many a wagon-load of fugitive slaves\\nhave been piloted by him through the woods of Michi-\\ngan on their way to Canada and freedom. He was a\\nprominent actor in the well-known Kentucky slave\\ncases of 1848 (see general history), which occurred\\nhere in that year, and was one of those sued by the\\nKentuckians for the value- of the escaped fugitives,\\nand he paid a large sum of money to compromise the\\nlitigation.\\nNATII.VN KOHIN.SON.\\nThe subject of this sketch, Nathan Robinson, was\\nborn in the State of New York November 15, 1820.\\nHe commenced life as a farm hand, but soon developed\\nan aptitude for speculation, for, after coming to Michi-\\ngan, he purchased several farms, which were each\\ndisposed of on advantageous terms.\\nIn 1852, he, in common with many others, went to\\nCalifornia, where he remained for two years, and then", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0579.jp2"}, "580": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nreturned to his home in Cass County, well compen-\\nsated for his journey.\\nSome fifteen years since, he purchased the farm\\nin the southern part of Jefferson Township, where his\\nwidow and son, Fremont, now reside, and where he\\ndied September 3, 1879.\\nHe was eminently successful in his business, that\\nof farming, and possessed some 690 acres of land at\\nthe time of his death.\\nHe was a quiet, unostentatious man, and took no\\nprominent part in political or other public affairs, but\\na man of upright character and sterling worth, who\\ndevoted himself exclusively to his own affairs.\\nHe was married, March 27, 1845, to Margaret,\\ndaughter of John and Nancy (Salsbury) Hanson, and\\nthe fruits of their union have been three children, viz.\\nMyron, who is a farmer in Volinia James, a farmer\\nin Calvin and Fremont, who, as before stated, is a\\nfarmer in Jefferson all of whom are enterprising\\nyoung farmers, and own farms bequeathed them by\\ntheir father.\\nship, erected a log cabin, plowed ten acres on the\\nopening, which he planted to corn and potatoes, and\\nto him belongs the credit of having struck the first\\ni blow and plowed the first furrow in behalf of civili-\\nzation in this township. He was the sole occupant of\\nthe township until the fall of the year, and remained\\nhere until 1830, when Jefferson township presented\\nattractions that allured him there, where he remained\\nuntil removing to the far West, but love for the fa-\\nmiliar scenes and faces where he first started in Cal-\\nvin proved so strong that he returned and settled in\\nBrownsville, where his remaining days were passed.*\\nIn 1827 or 1828, John Reed moved from Logan\\nCounty, Ohio, to Young s Prairie, where he remained\\nuntil disposing of his squatter s right to David\\nMcintosh for $210 in the fall of 1829, when he re-\\nmoved to Calvin and settled on the farm now owned\\nby Thomas Smith, where he remained for many years\\nengaged in the arduous labor of carving out for him-\\nself a farm, but subsequently moved to Indiana, but\\nhis love for frontier life led him to the then Territory\\nof Iowa, where the remaining years of his life were\\nCHAPTER XXXYI.\\nCALVIN.\\nUnexpected Results of Kindness\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Abner Tharp and John Reed the\\nFirst Settlers Early Settlers A Pioneer Cabin The Shaffer\\nFamily\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The East Settlement\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Entries Negro Settlement\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Saw Mill and Distillery Sauk War Scare\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious\\nOrganizations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical.\\nTHE history of the settlement of Calvin presents\\na marked contrast when compared with the other\\ntownships of the county, and shows what small cir-\\ncumstances sometimes tend to shape the entire destiny\\nof a community.\\nLittle did the pioneers of this township, who were\\nendowed by nature with a love for the whole human\\nrace, suppose, when they extended a helping hand to\\nthe trembling fugitive slave fleeing from a heartless\\ntask-master, that hundreds of this race would event-\\nually become their neighbors and co-workers in sub-\\nduing and cultivating the soil, and take an active part\\nin township affairs.\\nMany of these pioneers, in their integrity of char-\\nacter, their kindness of heart, their contempt of dan-\\nger, and their cheerful endurance of toil, privations\\nand hardships, in an isolated situation, and under the\\nmost discouraging circumstances, rank with the men\\nwho have assumed a national, if not a world-wide\\nreputation.\\nEARLY SETTLEMENTS.\\nIn the spring of 1829, long before Calvin had an\\nexistence, Abner Tharp, who had emigrated from\\nOhio in the fall of 1828, and spent the winter in\\nJefferson, moved into what now constitutes this town-\\nLogan County, Ohio, paid generous tribute to this\\ncounty by many persons who came to Cass in an early\\nday, and some of them settled in Calvin. On October\\n16, 1830, could have been seen a load of emigrants\\nstarting from Logan County, Ohio, composed of\\nWilliam Grubb, his wife Elizabeth (Mclllvain), and\\ntwo children, G. Scott, his wife Mary, and one child,\\nall drawn by two yoke of oxen attached to one wagon,\\ninto which was also packed all their worldly posses-\\nsions, which were conspicuous only by reason of their\\nm eagerness.\\nThis journey occupied until November 2, at which\\ntime the house of Andrew Grubb, father of William,\\nwho had only preceded them the spring before, was\\nreached, it being the farm now owned by Finley\\nChess. Here they remained until a log cabin had\\nbeen erected on a farm purchased close by. This\\ncabin was destitute of windows, and when the weather\\nwas mild enough to admit, the rude door, ornament-\\ned with a latch and string, which served as a fasten-\\ning, was thrown open to admit the light which other-\\nwise must come down the capacious chimney, unless,\\nas was frequently the case, the clay daubing which\\nfilled the intertices of the logs was removed for the\\nsame purpose, but it was necessary to close even this\\nsmall crevice in cold weather, so that the semi-dark\\nroom presented anything but a cheerful appearance,\\nespecially as the puncheon floor was destitute of a car-\\npet, and the rude home-made furniture void of paint", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0580.jp2"}, "581": {"fulltext": "F(ESIDE^(CE OF T.T. HIGGI^S, J E F F E f^SO^ M I CH\\nJ f\\nT I B i \u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0080\u00a2:i \u00c2\u00bb#~-sW-\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0.*i;^jvjj_,. W\\nM\\nF^ESIDE^CE OF CMAF^LES C.F^ICKEF^T, C/^LV iK, |V1 I C H", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0581.jp2"}, "582": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0582.jp2"}, "583": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nand ornamentation still the bedstead, constructed of\\ntamarack poles, and the packing box, which answered\\nfor a table, served well their time, and were the pre-\\ncursors of elegant furniture and better times, as the con-\\ndition of the pioneers became improved. The elder\\nGrubb raised an ample crop of buckwheat, which\\nserved as a substitute for flour for both families, the\\nfirst winter, while with the flint-lock gun they pro-\\ncured plenty of venison and turkeys, so that while the\\ncuisine was limited, the supply was suiBcient to\\nsatiate their hearty appetites. After a time, Mr.\\nGrubb removed to Section 4, where his widow still re-\\nsides, his death occurring in 1872.\\nDavid Shaffer was among those who came in 1830,\\nand commenced the life of a pioneer on the farm now\\nowned by B. F. Beeson, in Section 29. At this early\\nperiod, almost the entire township was one wilderness,\\nin which vast numbers of deer roamed at pleasure\\nand being a disciple of Nimrod, ample scope was af-\\nforded him to indulge in the pleasures of the chase to\\nthe fullest extent, and, while thus engaged, from two\\nor three hundred deer were annually slain by him.\\nIll 1853, he removed to Hardin County, Iowa, where\\nhe deceased.\\nHarvey Reed, a citizen of Cassopolis since 1878,\\ncame to Cass County as early as 1828, from Logan\\nCounty, Ohio, and stopped first on Young s Prairie\\nfor a short time, and then removed to the home of his\\nuncle, John Reed, Sr., in Calvin, near Brownsville.\\nHe came to Michigan a very poor man, but soon suc-\\nceeded by industry and economy in gaining a suffi-\\ncient sum of money to buy a small piece of land to\\nwhich he afterward added from time to time until he\\nhad a large farm. His first purchase was in the\\nnortheast corner of Section 29. He married C.\\nBowen, whose widowed mother settled in Jefferson in\\n1844. Mr. Reed was a great trapper of fur-bearing\\nanimals, from which he derived quite an income.\\nBy referring to the history of Jefferson, it will be\\nseen that Nathan Norton came to that township in\\n1828, and accompanying him was his son, L. D. Nor-\\nton, and he, with Stephen Mormon, plowed the first\\nfurrow in Jefferson. He first purchased land in that\\ntownship, but in 1838 purchased the farm in Sections\\n5 and 5, on which still resides his widow, his death\\noccurring November 9, 1872. He suffered quite\\nseverely by loss of wild- cat money, as the money of\\nthat period was termed, and not inappropriately, as\\nwill be seen by referring to a chapter on this subject\\nin the general history, for it was as uncertain, and as\\nliable to injure the person who handled it, as one who\\nvainly attempted to fondle the veritable wild cat from\\nwhom it was named. His farm, when purchased,\\ncontained a small log house and very small clearing.\\nI and he is one of those men who helped subdue the\\nwilderness, and to whose energy and toil the culti-\\nvated fields and fruitful orchards now to be found are,\\nto a large extent, due. His widow, Martha H. (Mc-\\nIllvain) came from Champaign County, Ohio, with\\nher brother-in-law. Pleasant Norton, and family, and\\nIsaac Zane, in the fall of 1832, the journey with an\\nox team occupying over three weeks. Her home\\nwas with William Grubb until her marriage with Mr.\\nNorton, some four years later. Five children blessed\\ntheir marital life as follows Mary Ann, now Mrs.\\nAdamson Leonard, in Chicago Elizabeth, Mrs.\\nShaw, at Cheboygan Jane, Mrs. Baldwin, on the old\\nhomestead, and Samuel, who resides in Kansas.\\nPeter Shaffer was born in Rockingham County,\\nVa., and when twenty years of age went to Clark\\nCounty, Ohio, and one year subsequent assisted his\\nfather in moving there, where his father, Abraham,\\ndied. In 1828, having disposed of his farm, he came\\nto the St. Joseph Valley, as this region was then\\ndenominated, accompanied by Jacob Wagner, a deaf\\nand dumb person, and in company with Ezra Beards-\\nley, then a resident of Ontwa, rowed down the St.\\nJoseph River to the lake, and critically examined a\\nlarge scope of territory. Arriving on Young s Prairie,\\nhe purchased of John Reed his betterments on the\\nfarm, now owned by Daniel Mcintosh, made a partial\\npayment and then returned home, intending to remove\\nhis family, but owing to an accident which befell his\\nson George T., who broke his limb, was detained until\\nJohn Reed made him a visit and gladly released him\\nfrom the obligation, as he had opportunity to sell the\\nland for a larger amount. Mr. Shaffer then made\\nseveral journeys to the West, at one time purchas-\\ning a tract of land near Elkhart, Ind., which was dis-\\nposed of, and in the winter of 1831-32, he purchased\\nthe farm in southwestern portion of Calvin, now\\npossessed by his son George T., and brought his\\nfamily through in the spring of 1832, ai riving on May\\n10. While en route in crossing the St. Mary s\\nRiver, canoes were used to transport the family and\\nhousehold goods, while the stock was made to swim,\\nthe river being destitute of a bridge. The huge\\nPennsylvania wagon was pulled across by means of a\\nrope, it being at times entirely submerged in the water.\\nWhen near the shore, the rope broke and the wagon\\nstarted down stream in the swift current, and would\\nhave been lost but for Mrs. Shaffer, who, knowing\\nfull well how indispensable it would be in their new\\nhome, boldly rushed into the foaming waters, shoulder\\ndeep, grasped the rope and valiantly held the wagon\\nuntil relieved by the men such metal were the pio-\\nneer mothers composed, who did their full share in\\nredeeming this land from a state of wilderness. Cour-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0583.jp2"}, "584": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nage, endurance and indomitable pluck marked their\\ncourse, and they erected on the tablets of the memory\\nof their posterity, a love and veneration that will not\\nperish, but be in turn transmitted to their descend-\\nants.\\nWhen Mr. Shaffer settled on his farm, it was all cov-\\nered with a dense forest, except about thirty acres,\\nwhich had evidently been cultivated by the pre-his-\\ntoric race who occupied this country previous to the\\nIndians, for there were large garden beds, so called,\\nrunning north and south from ten to forty rods in\\nlength. In the general chapters of this history will\\nbe found a chapter on these famous relics of a once\\nnumerous race.\\nPeter Shaffer, who resided here until his death,\\nJuly 13, 1880, while in his ninetieth year, early iden-\\ntified himself with public affairs and served as Justice\\nof the Peace for twenty years, and filled other impor-\\ntant oflBces as will be seen elsewhere. During the war\\nof 1812, he was member of a militia company that\\nsaw much active service, and was for five years Cap-\\ntain of a militia company in Clark County, Ohio,\\nhaving served a similar length of time as First Lieu-\\ntenant.\\nHis wife was Sarah (Thoraa.s), deceased in Sep-\\ntember, 1851, and they were the parents of seven\\nchildren, as follows Alcy, Mrs. Keen, in Calvin\\nMary, who died on November 23, 1834 Henry, who\\ndied in Colorado, April 24, 1854; Nancy, Mrs. William\\nReed, who died December 13, 1834; Sarah S., Mrs.\\nJohn Keen, in Cassopolis and Abraham, also in\\nCassopolis and George T., the fifth child, who resides\\non the old farm, and is the father of three children\\nSarah S., Florence G. and William T. S.\\nMr. Shaffer s wife, Alice G. (Garmichael), is a\\ndaughter of David and Susannah (Peck) Carraichael,\\nwho were native Virginians, who emigrated from Ohio\\nin 1835 and settled in Jefferson on the farm now\\nowned by Mr. Ht^ss, and resided there until their\\ndeaths. Of their twelve children, but three reside in\\nthe county, aside from Mrs. Shaffer, viz.: Henry, in\\nLa Grange John, in Jefferson and Sarah A., now\\nMrs. Coleman, in Ontwa.\\nBy referring to the military record, it will be seen\\nthat Mr. Shaffer has a record inferior to no man in\\nthe county, and the rolls show the following promo-\\ntions Enlisted July 28, 1862, as First Lieutenant;\\nCaptain, May 15,. 1864, wounded in action June 22,\\n1864 Major, Twenty-eighth Infantry, August 15,\\n1864 Lieutenant Colonel, December 10, 1864\\nBrevet Colonel and Brigadier General United States\\nVolunteers, March 13, 1865. Affiliation with the\\nDemocratic party prevented his elevation to office in\\nCalvin.\\nThe northeastern portion of Calvin has been known\\nas the East settlement since 1833, and the appellation\\nis quite appropriate, for this year witnessed the advent\\nof a large number of people bearing this name who\\nhave ever reflected credit upon the township which\\nthey chose as a place of permanent residence, and\\nthey have by energy, perseverance, economy, coupled\\nwith hard labor, amid the many discouraging circum-\\nstances that ever attend the first settlers in any county,\\nconverted the wild but not unattractive land into fine\\nfarms, which challenge the admiration of those who\\nappreciate a productive and well-tilled soil.\\nWilliam East and his wife Rachel, the progenitors\\nof the particular family bearing their name, to which\\nreference has been made, accompanied by his son\\nJohn and his wife Ann who settled in Porter James\\nEast and his wife Ann (Jones) and their four children\\nJacob, Isom, William, and their daughters Polly,\\nSusanah, Rebecca and Martha, all started from Wayne\\nCounty, Ind., with one horse and two ox-teams at-\\ntached to the ponderous lumber wagons of that time,\\ninto which was loaded their household effects, and\\narrived at their destination November 13, 1833.\\nWilliam East located 170 acres of land on which he\\nlived until his death, in 1864, his wife Rachel passing\\nover the mystic river many years previous. James\\nEast purchased the land on which he and his venera-\\nble wife still reside, in Sections 1 and 12. He first\\nput up a half-faced pole shanty and there lived\\nuntil between Christmas and New Year s, when they\\nmoved into a more commodious and comfortable log\\nhouse. It was nothing uncommon for them to wake\\nup in the morning, while living in the shanty, and\\nfind in addition to their bedding an additional cover-\\ning of two inches of snow. William East had been\\nhere during the summer months, and raised a crop of\\nj corn on Young s Prairie, and plowed and caused to be\\nsown twelve acres of wheat, and both crops proved\\ngood, so they had sufficient subsistence at this time.\\nMr. East brought with him eighteen head of hogs,\\nand he and his father twenty-eight head of cattle and\\n100 sheep. Owing to exposure and the ravages of\\nthe wolves, then to be found in large numbers, their\\nflock of sheep were depleted so that but five remained\\nthe succeeding spring.\\nIn 1835, the year made memorable by reason of\\nthe great frost, this colony were sadly in need of food\\nand, in the language of Mrs. East, they hardly\\nknew where the next meal was to come from, pro-\\nvisions were so scarce. Their wheat and corn were a\\nfailure, and they, in common with many others, then\\nexperienced their hardest time. Mr. East is the\\nfather of ten children, eight of whom are living,\\nof whom James M., Calvin K. and Armstrong reside\\nthe\\nide 1", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0584.jp2"}, "585": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nin Calvin; John H., in Cassopolis Jesse, in Niles;\\nMartha Jane, Mrs. Amos Smith, in Penn Alfred J.,\\nin Vandalia and Mary L., now Mrs. S. K. Merritt,\\nin Porter.\\nJoel East, another son of William, had preceded\\nhim one year and purchased land where his son\\nElwood now lives, another son, James W., also occu-\\npying part of the old farm Susanah, the wife of\\nJefferson Osborn, in Calvin. The other children are\\nClarkson and Enos, who reside in Calvin; William,\\nEdom and Caroline, now Mi-s. Elliott, reside in Por-\\nter Martha, is deceased and Thomas J., who resides\\nin Van Buren County. The Easts belong to the\\nSociety of Friends, and assisted in establishing and\\nmaintaining a church of their faith in this township.\\nProbably no one family in this township, if in the\\ncounty, is more extensively or favorably known than\\nthe Osborns, whose names became prominently asso-\\nciated with those who not only advocated, but put in\\npractice, in a small way, the sovereign principle of\\nuniversal liberty by assisting those fleeing from bond-\\nage in obtaining.their freedom from the slavery that\\nonce disgraced our national existence, and they formed\\nno unimportant factor in bringing the issue to a suc-\\ncessful and favorable termination by assisting in start-\\ning the leaven which molded the public sentiment of\\nthe people on this great question by bringing slavery\\nprominently before them in all its hideous deformity.\\nThe Osborns are descendents of the Barnards, who\\ncame from England at a very early day and settled\\non the island of Nantucket and were known as whalers.\\nJosiah Osborn, who was born in Knox County, Tenn.,\\nis a son of the well-known Quaker preacher and abol-\\nitionist, Charles Osborn, whose record appears else-\\nwhere. Josiah went with his parents to Wayne\\nCounty, Ind., whither they removed to avoid the pain\\nof witnessing the concomitant evils of slavery. In\\nthe spring of 183.5, Josiah accompanied by his son\\nJefferson, then a lad twelve years of age, came to\\nCalvin Township and purchased the northeast quarter\\nof Section 24, and chopped between three and four\\nacres of the dense forest and set out 100 fruit trees,\\nfour years old, and between four and five thousand\\nseedlings, brought with them from Indiana. A sim-\\nple log house, descriptions of similar ones will be\\nfound in this work, had been erected on the place by\\na man named John Zeek, so that having performed the\\nobjects of their journey they returnedafter the family.\\nThe trip to their new home, which was uneventful,\\noccupying sixteen days. Here they settled on a new\\nfarm, surrounded by a large scope of unimproved ter-\\nritory, neighbors few and far between, and they very\\npoor, not possessing even an ox team with which to do\\nthelogging and necessary work on a farm, and still, amid\\nall these obstacles they did not become discouraged until\\na failure of crops rendered food almost unprocurable\\nthey subsisting one week on potatoes and venison\\nwhen they, in common with many others, would have\\nfled the country had they the means to do so with.\\nThe labors of the farm coupled with the attempt to es-\\ntablish a nursery entailed double work, especially as the\\ntrees were planted before the logs, stumps, roots or brush\\nhad been removed, so that it entailed almost double\\nlabor, but success crowned their efforts, and this and\\nVan Buren Counties are deeply indebted to Mr. Os-\\nborn and his son Jefferson, who was associated with\\nhim in the business, for their early orchards, which\\nproduced fine fruit, they being the only ones engaged\\nin this industry for many years, when Elijah Os-\\nborn, brother of Josiah, of Calvin, started a nursery,\\nand still later, after Mr. Osborn abandoned the busi-\\nness, Benjamin Hathaway, of Volinia, engaged in it.\\nBy referring to the chapter on the Kentucky Raid\\nit will be seen that Mr. Osborn and his son Jefferson\\nbore a conspicuous part, and the expense thus entailed\\nwas so great that it took ten years of hard labor to\\nmeet obligations then incurred.\\nJosiah Osborn died in June, 1862 his wife, Mary\\n(Barnard), passing away in August, 1853. They were\\nthe parents of seven children, as follows Ellison\\nand Charles, now in Jasper County, Mo.; Jefferson,\\nwho resides in Calvin and owns part of the old farm\\nLeander, a physician in Vandalia Obed, who resides\\nnear Paw Paw Louisa, Mrs. Evans, at Constantine,\\nand Angeline, deceased. Mr. Jeff erson Osborn has\\nBeen twice married, first to Frances Tharp, who de-\\nceased in 1851, and by whom he had two children\\nLeroy and Clara both residents of Calvin, the form-\\ner a farmer, while the latter is under the parental\\nroof; and next to Susannah East, and two children\\nhave blessed their union, as follows Mary, Mrs.\\nMitchell, at Grand Rapids and Frank, a school\\nteacher. Mr. Osborn and his son Leroy have fijled\\nvarious township offices in the gift of the people, and\\nare numbered among the best and most enterprising\\ncitizens.\\nHiram Lee came to Calvin with his father, Nathan,\\nin 1835, located on Section 12 and commenced the\\nlife of a pioneer, which was cut short, as he died in\\n1836, leaving a family of six children to cope with\\nsuch tremendous odds that a true pen picture of\\ntheir struggles to obtain a livelihood on a new and\\nunimproved farm would discourage many men of stern\\nresolve, but they succeeded in surmounting the obsta-\\ncles that opposed them. Nathan recalls the time when\\nthe fierce wolves attacked their dog, who sought pro-\\ntection by plunging into the cabin through the quilt,\\nwhich was utilized in the capacity uf a door, although", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0585.jp2"}, "586": {"fulltext": "1^84\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nit was midwinter. Mr. Hiram Lee was a man of\\nremarkable memory, and while pursuing his avocation\\nas cooper, in Brownsville, kept all his accounts in his\\nmind, and when asked how he managed with those\\nwho had paid their accounts, answered I rub\\nthem out of my memory, and they do not trouble me\\nat all. .^A stroke of paralysis has injured his mem-\\nory so he now resorts to the ordinary methods of\\nbook-keeping.\\nHiram Smith, a/esident of Section 20, is the oldest\\nchild of a Samuel Smith, who came to Calvin in 1838.\\nHe nlisted August 29, 1864, in the Twelfth Michi-\\nigan Infantry, and was discharged September 9, 1865.\\nHis wife, Mrs. H. S. (Hayden), is a daughter of Sam-\\nuel J. Lincoln, who came to the county in 1834, and\\nstopped on the farm now owned by William Jones, in\\nPenn.\\nAmong the early settlers was James Girt, who came\\nhere when very poor, and worked on Young s Prairie,\\nuntil purchasing forty acres in Section 32, to which\\nwas added from time to time, until he possessed a i\\nlarge farm, on which he died, and on which his widow,\\nCatharine Girt, now resides.\\nAmong those coming into the county at a later date,\\nwho have been quite largely identified with public af-\\nfairs, and who have a well deserved popularity, because\\nof admirable personal traits, as well as readiness to\\nfarther the interests of the community and county in\\nwhich he resides, is Levi J. Reynolds, who came into\\nthe county in 1847, from Steuben County, Ind., with\\nhis brother, Edward M., when a young man seventee^^ i\\nyears of age. For the first five years after his arrival, 1\\nhe labored as a farm-hand, having to depend entirely\\nupon his own exertions to further his interests, when\\nhe commenced farming for himself, and has been very\\nsuccessful. Since 1862, he has been engaged quite\\nlargely as an auctioneer, in which he has also made j\\na success, this business taking him many times to j\\nIndiana, whither his fame as an auctioneer, has extend-\\ned. The farm on which he resides, in Section 2,\\nwas purchased seventeen years since, and now contains\\ngood farm buildings he has erected. His name ap-\\npears frequently in the civil list of the township.\\nJames Melling, who moved into the county in 1865, j\\nwas prominently engaged in civil affairs in his former\\nhome, in South Bend, Ind., and assisted in making\\nsome hazardous arrests, and even kidnaped a horse\\nthief at Bertrand, who was convicted, and he, in turn,\\nwas apprehended for illegal arrests, but public senti-\\nment would not admit his prosecution.\\nBeniah Tharp came from Logan County, Ohio, in\\n1843, and in 1844 purchased 160 acres of wild land,\\nin Section 15, which was subdued and brought to a\\nstate of cultivation by patient, laborious toil. He has\\nbeen a resident of Brownsville since 1867, and\\nsucceeded in acquiring a competency.\\nhas\\nORIGINAL LAND ENTRIES.\\nSection 1.\\nHenry H. Fowler, Cass County, Mich Oct. o, 1832 80\\n.loel EaM, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 16,1832 160\\n.Tames East, Wayne County, Ind., April 18, 183.3 80\\nWilliam East, Wayne County, Ind., April 18, 1833 80\\nWilliam East, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 29, 1833 96\\nLawrence, Imlay Beach, Onondaga County, N. Y^ May 14,\\n1836 80\\nPeter Beisel, St. Joseph County, May 7, 1833 99\\nSection 2.\\nPleasant Grubb, Cass County, Mich., May 11, 1836.. 86\\nZadoc Dark, Cass County, Mich., bee. 12, 18.36 .53\\nElijah Reynolds, Cass County, Mich Dec. 14, 1836 40\\nThomas E. O Dell, Cass County, Mich., April 11, 187.3 62\\nIra Warren, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 24, 1844 67\\nRobert Roane, Cass County, .Mich., Oct. 11, 18-53 66\\nSection 3.\\nAndrew T. Grubb, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1835 40\\nAaron Brown, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 30, 1835 80\\nPeier Marmon, Cass County, Mich., .Ian. 4, 1836 40\\nLawrence, Imlay Co., May 14, 1836 240\\nJeremiah Rudd, Rutland County, Vt., July 6, 1836 80\\nDaniel Mcintosh, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1836 74\\nMadison Frazer, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 25, 1849 61\\nSection 4.\\nElizabeth White, Cass County, .Mich., Jan. 20, 1835 160\\nElizabeth White, Feb. 24, 1835 160\\nTruman Kilbourn, Otsego County, X. Y., .Tuly 25, 1836 15T\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 13, 1837 80\\nSection 5.\\nNathan Young, Lenawee County, June 17, 1829 160\\nJohn Reid, Lenawee County, June 17, 1829 160\\nGeorge Nicholson, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 1, 1831 80\\nDavid T. Nicholson, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 18, 1834 40\\nWilliam Nicholson, Cass County, Mich., July 27, 1835 40\\nJacob Rosebrook, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 29, 1835 60\\nAmos Northrop, Rutland County, Vt., April 8, 1837 72\\nSection 6.\\nJohn Reid, Jr., Cass County, Mich., Jan. 11, 1830..... 160\\nLevi F. Arnold, St. Joteph County, Not. 9, 1830 64\\nBurnham Smith, New Hampshire, June 13, 1831 149\\nJohn McDonald. Cass County, Mich., Sept. 11, 1836 81\\nSection 7.\\nJohn Reid, Lenawee County, June 17, 1829 160\\nGiles Norton, Logan County, Ohio, Jan. 11, 1830 57\\nGiles Norton, Aug. 18, 18.36 56\\nGile^ Norton, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 22, 1835 40\\nJacob (Charles, June 6, 1831 80\\nHiram Richardson, April 7, 1832 80\\nHiram Richardson, Nov. 30, 1835 40\\nJohn Reid, Dec. 12, 18.36 40\\n.\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Section 8.\\n(Jeorge Jones, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 14, 1830 80\\nAndrew Gnibb, Feb. 12, 1831 80", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0586.jp2"}, "587": {"fulltext": "A^a^e.^e4^Jl^\\nLEVI D.j^OF(TOJ^", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0587.jp2"}, "588": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0588.jp2"}, "589": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n385\\nACRES.\\nAndrew Urubb. Oct. 24, 183.5 40\\nMaxwell Zane, Sept. 14, 1\u00c2\u00ab31 80\\nMaxwell Zane, Feb. 23, 1836 40\\nMaxwell Zane, Feb. H, 1837 40\\nWilliam Grubb, June 25, 1833 40\\n.lohn Reiil, March 3, 1835 40\\n,lohn Reid, Dec. 11, 1835 40\\nHiram Richardson, Feb. 23, 1836 40\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2John V. Whinrey, Dec. 14, 1836 40\\nL. D. P. Norton, March 4, 1837 40\\nFindley Chess, Nov. 12, 1845 40\\n.-^ECTIO.N 9.\\nWilliam Zane, Cass County, Mich., June 4, 1833 80\\nLyman A.Spalding, Niagara County, N. Y., April 23, 1836... 240\\nLawrence, Imlay Co., Onondaga County, N. Y., May 14,\\n1836 80\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 1, 1837 80\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Nov. 10, 1837 80\\nHoagland Hulse, Cass County, Mich., July 28. 1847 40\\nJohnson I atrick, Cass County, Mich., March 25, 1852 40\\nSection 10.\\nLdwrence, Imlay Co., May 16, 1836 320\\nLawrence, Imlay Co., June 7, 18.36 160\\nGeorge Redfield. Feb. 1, 1837 80\\nGeorge Redfield, .lune 11. 1838 80\\nSection 11.\\nWalter Mills, Wayne County, Ind.. April 21, 1835 40\\nJohn Maulsby, La Porte County, Ind., April 28, 1836 80\\nLawrsnce, Imlay B., May 14, 18.36 280\\nAzariah Williams, Cass County, Mich,, May 24, 1837 80\\nJohn Roberts, Cass County, Mich., April 2, 1852 40\\nSection 12.\\nThomas Bulla, Wayne County, Ind., Nov. 8, 1832 240\\nJames East, Wayne County, Ind., April 18, 1833 80\\nNathan Lee, Wayne County, Ind., Oct. 29, 1833 80\\nBenjamin Elliott, Wayne County, Ind., Dec. 5, 1835 160\\nSamuel Pickering, La Porte County, Ind., April 28, 1836 80\\nSection 13.\\nNathan Williams, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 7, 1833 80\\n.^amuel Pickering, La Porte County, Ind., April 28, 1836 160\\nLemuel Maulsby, La Porte County, Ind F. b. 29, 1836 80\\nGeorge Redfield. Cass County, Mich., March 29, 1837 80\\nLawson Howell, Aug. 25, 1845 40\\nTurner Bird, March 17, 1849 66\\nJesse B. Williams, Oct. 29, 1849 40\\nDavid M. Howell, July 22, 1853 40\\nSection 14.\\nLemuel .Maulsby, La Porte County, Ind., Feb. 29, 1836 80\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1H36 549\\nSection 15.\\nLevi D. Tharp, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 26, 1836 40\\nJonathan Osborn, La Porte County, Ind., Feb. 29, 1836 160\\nHenly C. Lybrook. Cass County, Mich., March 23, 1836 80\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836 360\\nSection 16.\\nSection 17\\nAOBES.\\nJesse Hutchinson, Cass County, Mich., March 3, 1835 40\\nHarvey Reed, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 26, 1835 40\\nJohn Reed, Cass County, Mich Dec. 11, 1835 80\\nGiles Norton, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 29, 1835 80\\nRichards Ji Russell, Washington County, N. Y., July 18,\\n1836 80\\nBenjamin Richards, Washington County, N. Y., July 5, 1837, 40\\nDuncan Mcintosh, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 9, 1837 80\\nJames Cross, St. Joseph County, Mich., March 16, 1837 160\\nPeter Shafler, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 21, 18-52 40\\nSection 18.\\nMoses Mcllvaiu, Champaign County, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1835 66\\nJesse Hutchinson Cass County, Mich., Nov. 30, 1835 65\\nJesse Hutchinson, Dec. 12, 1836 40\\nGiles Norton, Dec. 11, 1835 31\\nPleasant Norton, Dec. 16, 1835 48\\nPleasant Norton, Nov. 12, 1845 56\\nHenry P. Voorhees, Montgomery County, N. Y., July 8,\\n1836 119\\nPeter ShafTer, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 3, 1837 40\\nSection 19.\\nDaniel Mcintosh, Jr., Cass County, Mich., Nov. 3, 1830 80\\nJoseph Smith, Jan. 27, 1835 40\\nHarvey Reed, Oct. 26, 1835 80\\nMoses .Mcllvain, Champaign County, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1835.. 133\\nWilliam T. Noel, Berrien County, Mich., July 8, 1836 80\\nRichards Russell, Washington County, N. Y., July 18,\\n1836 93\\nWilliam Hannahs, Otsego County, N. Y., July 25, 1836 80\\nSection 20.\\nWilliam T. Noel, Wayne County, Aug. 15, 1831 80\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 28, 1836 320\\nGeorge White, Cass County, Mich., June 6, 1836 120\\nRichards Russell, July 16, 1836 80\\nWilliam Hannahs, July 25, 1836 40\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Oct.\\n3, 1835, entire.\\nSection 22.\\nBarry Fowler, March 21, 1833 53\\nGeorge Redfield, Oct. 13, 1835 160\\nGeorge Redfield, Dec. 12, 1835 126\\nGeorge Redfield, Dec. 10, 1836 70\\nHarley Redfield, Ontario County, N. Y., Oct. 13, 18.35 160\\nSection 23.\\nGeorg* Redfield, Cass County, Mich.. Dec. 12, 1835 160\\nRichard Williams, Wayne County, Ind., Feb. 1 and 29, 1836 160\\nLawrence, Imlay Co., May 14, 1836 105\\nWilliam Hannahs, July 25, 1836 133\\nSection 24.\\nJosiah Osborn, Wayne County, Ind., October 28, 1834 160\\nElijah Osborn, Wayne County, Ind., October 28, 1834 80\\nElijah Osboin, Cass County, Mich., July 16, 1836 80\\nElijah Osborn, Cass County, Mich., December 12, 1836 80\\nCharles Williams, Wayne County, Ind 79\\nRichard Williams, Wayne County, Ind 228", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0589.jp2"}, "590": {"fulltext": "386 HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAxV.\\nSection 25. Section 35.\\nACHBfl. ACRES.\\nElihu Osborn, Madison County, Ind., September 9, 1835 40 Harley Redfield, Ontario County, N. Y., Dec, 12, 1835 80\\nElihu Osborn, Cass County, Mich.. April 28, 18-36 120 Richards Russell, Washington County, N. Y., July 18, 1836. 660\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14. 1836 480\\nSection 36.\\nSection 26. grove Lawrence, William H. Imlay and George Beach, Onon-\\nfieorge Redfield, Dec. 12, 1835 320 daga County, N. Y., May 14, 1836, entire 640\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836 160\\nAlexander H. Redfield, Feb. 1, 1837 80 COLORED SETTLEMENT.\\nSamuel H. Saulspaugh, Feb. 1, 1837 80 e i_ i i i\\nI I here is a peculiar feature attached to Calvin, not to\\nSection 27. be found in any other township in the State. Should\\nGeorge Redfield, Sept. 7, 1835 80 a Stranger be placed in its center, he wonld at once\\nGeorge Redfield, Oct. 13. 1835 160 conclude that he was in a Southern State, owing to\\nGeorge Redfield, Dec. 12, 183-5 160 preponderance of the colored people, who far\\nGeorge Redfield, Dec. 10, 1836 40\\nHarley Redfield, Dec. 12, 1835 160 Outrank, in number, the white population.\\nLuther Chapin, April 23, 1836 40 There are a Variety of causes that conspired to\\nform this isolated colony of colored people, surrounded\\nSection 28. i ^g jj^^y ^^j.^ every side with a white population.\\nPeter Shafifer, Jan. 31, 18-32 80 rpj^^ residence, in the northeast-\\nGeorge Redfield, Sept. 7, 1835 560 p.\\nern portion oi tlie township, ot numerous iriends to\\nSection 29. this unfortunate race among the Society of Friends,\\nDavid Shaffer, Cass County, Mich., June 14, 1831 80 who then formed a larger portion of the population,\\nPeter Shaffer, Clark County, Ohio, Oct. 29, 1831 160 and, as will be seen elsewhere, some of them were ac-\\n.lohnIreland,CassCounty, Mich., July 12,1831 80 ^^^j^^^^ ^j^^ Underground Railroad, and all\\nThompson Smith, Cass County, .Mich., Feb. 2, 1832 80\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 28, 1826 160 ^ere sympathizers in the movement.\\nRichards Russell, July 16, 18.86 80 A Quaker preacher, named Henry H. Way, brought\\nwith him, in 1836, a fugitive slave, named Lawson,\\nSection .30. ^jjp ^^g jj^g gj,gj colored resident in the township.\\nHavilah Beardsley, Elkhart County, Ind., Jan. 2, 1835 -52 o\u00e2\u0080\u009e \u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u009e\u00e2\u0080\u009ej f\u00e2\u0080\u009e_ i _\u00e2\u0080\u009e \u00e2\u0080\u009eA ^A r ~-i\\nT,. I o He remained tor several years, and raised a larailv.\\nRichards Russell Washington County, N.Y., July 16, 1836. .532 r -.nnn\\nWillis Brown was also among the first. In 1838, a\\nSection 31. Guinea negro, named Jesse Scott, who was a fugitive\\nLeonard Keen, Cass County, Mich., July 3, 1835 40 slave, settled on the farm now owned by Andrew\\nWiUiam T. Noel, Berrien County, Mich.. July 8. 1836 92 Hostler, and gained a livelihood by raising tobacco.\\nRichards Russell -July 16,1836... 282 j^ ^j^^ ^f j^e served as waiter for Gen.\\nSylvadorT. Reed, Cass County, Dec. 31, 1846 64\\nPinkney.\\nSection 32. A large portion of this town was purchased by spec-\\nPeter Shaffer, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 21, 1832 80 ulators, who, by reason of high prices asked, practi-\\nPeter Shaffer, Cass County, Mich., .Aug. 2, 1836 160 ^aWj kept it out of the market, which retarded its\\nJames Girt, Feb. 4. 1833 40 i n r. jc u i-\\nI r.- T ,r ,uor settlement tor several years. George Kedbeld, oi\\nJames Girt, June 15, 1835 40 J o\\nJames Girt. March 17, 1836 40 Ontwa, and Imley Beach, of New York, were the\\nHarris Winslow, Monroe County, Mich., April 26, 1836 160 principal Owners of this land. It was finally placed\\nLawrence, Imlay c;o.. May 28. 1836 80 in the market by them, on the most advantageous\\nJacob Lambert, Berrien County, Mich., July 8, 1836 40 .i c oi oc\\nterms, the usual prices being from ^i to $5 per acre,\\nSection 33. of ten years credit. In 1845 or 1846, a\\nPeter Shaffer, Jan. 31, 1832 80 colored colony, composed of Harvey Wade, Eusom\\nJohn S. Mcintosh, April 10, 1835 40 Tare, Nathaniel Boon, Turner and Crawfird Bird,\\nG. A. H. Redfield, July 9, 183.5 80 K. Artist and Harrison Ash, came from Logan\\nGeorge Redfield, March 15, 1836 V20 r r\\\\\\\\ 3 u j ii i\\nr. D jc u o, ,oo^ County, Ohio, and purchased small farms. A planter,\\nGeorge Redfield, April 21, 1836 80 J f\\nHarley Redfield, Sept. 7,1835 160 n!i\u00e2\u0084\u00a2ed SampsoB Saunders, who died at his residence\\nHams Winslow, ApriI26, 1836 80 Cabul County, Va., liberated his slaves, by the provis-\\nions of his will, and appropriated $15,000 with which\\nhis administrators were instructed to purchase farms\\nHarley Redfield, Sept. 7. 1835 80 r .l i;i cj. .t, i. i. u\\nHarley Redfield, Dec. 12, 1835 240\\nGeorge Redfield, April 21, 18-^6 80 ^^^^J- cheapness of lands in Calvin, coupled with\\nRichards Russell, July 18, 1H36 240 the friendliness of the whites, caused him to make all\\ni", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0590.jp2"}, "591": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n387\\nhis purchases here, in 1849, except a small tract pur-\\nchased in Porter, adjoining, and from this time onward\\na stream of colored emigrants poured into the township,\\nuntil all the land was occupied. There are now about\\n1,000 colored out of a population of 1,693, and, out\\nof a population of 400 voters, about 250 are colored.\\nCalvin is, therefore, one of the Republican strong-\\nholds of the county, and did the colored people desire,\\nthey could elect one of their number to represent\\nthem and the township on the Board of Supervisors.\\nIn purely local matters, they hold quite a number of\\ntownship offices, such as Town Clerk, Justice of the\\nPeace, etc.\\nBut a small proportion of these people have ever\\nbeen in bondage, the major portion being the descend-\\nants of free colored people, emigrants from other\\nNorthern States.\\nWhen coming here they were, except in very ex-\\nceptional cases, in a destitute condition, and obtained\\nby contract possession of the land which they have\\ncleared and improved, and many are now as prosper-\\nous as their white neighbors, having fine fiirms. They\\ntake justifiable pride in their churches, of which they\\nhave three, and schools which reflect great credit upon\\nthem. Some of the schools are even now taught by\\ncolored teachers, and are attended by a greater or\\nlesser number of white children.\\nAt the centennial exhibition pictures of the school-\\nhouses of this township were exhibited, and provoked\\nmuch favorable comment on the apparent enterprise of\\nthe people.\\nAmong the colored men can be mentioned Isaac P.\\nStewart, who came from Gallia County, Ohio, in 1854,\\nand purchased eighty acres of land which he has in-\\ncreased to 240, and on which can be found fine farm\\nbuildings. In this connection can also be mentioned\\nSamuel Hawks, who emigrated from the same county\\nfive years later. His buildings on his farm of 156\\nacres are a credit to the township.\\nWilliam Lawson, who came in the county in 1853,\\nin addition to conducting his farm of 120 acres, is en-\\ngaged in merchandising, he keeping the only store at\\nCalvin Center, where a post office is established. A\\ncolored lady named Lucinda Stewart, whose husband\\ndied in the army, carries on a farm of 150 acres, while\\nC. W. Bunn owns and runs a saw-mill on Section 22,\\nthus taking their part in all the enterprises of the\\ntownship.\\nAs before stated, they hold a number of township\\noffices, one representative being Cornelius Lawson,\\nwho fills the office of Justice of the Peace, while\\nBishop E. Curtis acts in the capacity of Township\\nOlerk.\\nDuring the rebellion they responded nobly to the\\ncall for soldiers, over one-half of those liable to do\\nmilitary duty, taking up arms in defense of their coun-\\ntry, which was a record worthy of emulation, it being\\nI unequaled by any other nationality.\\nI\\n1 SAW-MILL AND DISTILLERY.\\nIn 1831, Daniel Mcintosh and Samuel Crossen\\nbuilt the first saw-mill in 1832, in Section 19, on the\\nChristiana Creek. It passed into the hands of Mc-\\nintosh, who disposed of it to two brothers, John and\\nJoseph Smith, and their father, who came from Ohio\\nwith their father, who soon returned as did John, leav-\\ning Joseph to conduct the business alone. In 1833, he\\nerected a distillery and conducted it for several years.\\nHe manufactured pure whisky, which was sold\\nat 25 cents per gallon. One of the amusements\\namong some of the settlers was horse-racing on the\\nfarm now owned by Harvey Reed and Mr. Robison,\\nno heavy stakes changing hands, whisky at the dis-\\ntillery often being the only prize raced for. The dis-\\ntillery passed into the hands of Jacob Long in 1835,\\nbut long since ceased to exist.\\nPeter Shaffer built a saw-mill near this location,\\nwhich he ran for many years, sawing the lumber for\\nthe court house at Cassopolis. In 1831, Pleasant\\nGrubb built a grist-mill where Brownsville now stand,\\nwhich supplied a long-felt want the capacity of the\\nO Dell mill in Penn being entirely inadequate to\\nmeet the demands of the settlers upon it. At this\\ntime mill-stones were difficult to obtain, and accord-\\ningly some hard-heads dug from the ground near the\\nMcintosh saw-mill were made to do duty in this ca-\\npacity, the men of this time being fertile in expedi-\\nents, or substitutes to meet the exigencies of the case.\\nAfter a time the mill passed into the possession of\\nDavid and William Brown, brothers, and native\\nScotchmen, from whom Brownsville derived its name.\\nWith the advent of the Browns, business took a new\\nimpetus and several minor enterprises started up, but\\nit never assumed much importance as a business cen-\\nter, and the records fail to show that it was platted.\\nAt one time, Tillman Longfellow conducted a tannery\\nhere. It now contains a population of eighty-nine,\\nand contains one grist-mill, one general store, two\\nblacksmith shops, a cooper and a shoe shop, millinery\\nstore, pump factory, harness shop, two carpenters and\\ntwo physicians.\\nSAUK WAR SCARK.\\nIn 1832, at the time of the Sauk war, the men\\nstarted for the scene of action on a few hours notice,\\nleaving their families in terrible suspense. Rumors\\nof carnage to follow filled the air, and sleep wiis\\nhardly known in the community of which Brownsville\\nwas the center. A tailor, nanied William Bricc, who", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0591.jp2"}, "592": {"fulltext": "HISTOEY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nhad remained at home went from house to house in\\nthe dead hour of night, aroused the women and chil-\\ndren and warned them to flee to his house for a place\\nof safety, as he was fortifying against the bloodthirsty\\nsavages. Soon his house was filled with frightened\\nwomen and children, who momentarily expected to\\nhear the war-whoop of their dusky enemy, aud fear\\nwas depicted on every countenance, but they were\\nresolved to sell their lives as dearly as possible.\\nThey were armed with billets of wood, case-knives\\nand pitchforks, the men having taken their guns with\\nthem to the front. At last morning broke upon the\\nscene, and during the day information was received\\nwhich allayed their fears the enemy being west of\\nChicago.\\nIn 1865, a woolen factory was erected in Section 3\\nby Isaac and Vincent Wright. The machinery was\\nremoved several years since, and it is now used as a\\nheading factory and planing mill.\\nElihu Osborn was the first one interred in the\\nFriends Cemetery, the year being 1836, the next\\none was Mrs. Bonine, grandmother of James B.\\nBonine.\\nElenor J. Keen, daughter of Leonard and Elsie\\nKeen, was born in May, 18-32, and was probably the\\nfirst white child born in the township. She married\\nSamuel H. Bellnow, and died July 31, 1873, Leon-\\nard Keen s death occurring May 24, 1879.\\nORGANIZATION.\\nCalvin was organized by an act of the Territorial\\nGovernment, approved March 17, 18-55, which reads\\nas follows All that part of the county of Cass, com-\\nprised in surveyed Township 7 south. Range 14\\nwest, be a township by the name of Calvin, and the\\nfirst township meeting sliall be held at the dwelling-\\nhouse of John Reed in said township.\\nThe soil of this township is very productive, and\\nwhile it is sandy in small portions a clayey loam pre-\\ndominates. A chain of seven lakes extend through\\nthe center of the township, east and west, and the\\nland near them is quite rolling.\\nThere is in the township 237 farms, embracing 16,-\\n640 acres, 10,686 of which are improved. In 1879,\\n3,775 acres sown to wheat produced 64,745 bushels,\\nbeing an average of 17.15 bushels per acre; 2,919\\nacres planted to corn yielded 107,145 bushels of ears,\\nand from 875 acres sown to oats, 27,352 bushels were\\nthreshed. There were also produced 343 bushels of\\nclover seed, 10,346 bushels of potatoes, and 1,383\\ntons of hay. From 1,467 sheep were sheared 6,879\\npounds of wool, while there are possessed in the town-\\nship 621 horses, 773 head of cattle, and 2,288 hogs,\\nbeing a greated number of hogs and horses than any\\nother township in the county. Apples and small\\nfruits are raised in great abundance, and to the frugal\\nand industrious, ample returns are made from the\\nproductive soil.\\nThe township has two bands, one known as Hen-\\nderson s Cornet Band, with A. T. Henderson as leader,\\nand the Clipper Band, of which Green Allen is leader.\\nThe opportunities for obtaining an education were,\\nin the early history of the township, very meager as\\ncompared with the present time. In 1834, John V.\\nWhinnery taught school in the log house occupied by\\nLeonard Keen, on the farm of his father-in-law. Peter\\nShaffer. During school hours, Mrs. Keen went to her\\nfather s, so as not to disturb the school while perform-\\ning her household duties. In 1835, he taught school\\nin Peter Shaffer s kitchen, and it was distinctly stipu-\\nlated that he should not be required to teach anything\\nbut reading, writing, spelling and arithmetic, as far as\\nthe rule of three, which embraced his qualifications for\\nthe position, and when the rule of three was reached,\\nthe scholars were turned back to the front of the\\narithmetic, no matter how well versed they might be\\nin it, and again traversed the ground up to the rule of\\nthree, only to again repeat the operation. Schools\\nwere taught by subscription, the teacher receiving from\\n$10 to $15 per month, which was divided up among\\nthe scholars according to the number of days of at-\\ntendance. Greased paper was sometimes used in lieu\\nof window glass, glass being an expensive and difficult\\ncommodity to obtain.\\nThe township is now divided into nine school\\ndistricts, of which No. 6 is fractional. District\\nNo. 1 has a schoolhouse valued at $1,500, seating\\ncapacity, 100 No. 2, value $700, seating capacity\\n70 No. 3, value $1,200, seating capacity 75 No.\\n4, value $2,000, seating capacity: 120; No. 5, value\\n$900, seating capacity 48 No. 6, value $800, seat-\\ning capacity 65 No. 7, value $1,200, seating\\ncapacity 60 No. 8, value $500, seating capacity\\n70; No. 9, value $600, seating capacity 50. There\\nare 615 school children between the ages of five and\\ntwenty years. For the fiscal year ending August 31,\\n1881, there was paid $464 for female and $1,356 for\\nmale teachers in the township.\\nfriends meeting.\\nA Friends Meeting was organized, in 1836, with\\nNathan Lee, Nathan Williams, William East, Stephen\\nBogue, Joel East, James East, as trustees, and pre-\\nvious to the erection of a log house of worship in 1837,\\nmeetings were held at the house of William East.\\nThe log meeting-house has long since been super-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0592.jp2"}, "593": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n389\\nseded by a suitable frame structure. For many years\\nthe Friends of Penn worshiped in this house, but they\\nnow have a church building in their township. The\\npresent membership is about thirty-five.\\nBETHEL A. M. E. CHURCH.\\nThe Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church\\nwas organized in 1856, and is on what is known as\\nthe Brownsville Circuit of Ca.ss County. They\\nerected a church edifice in 1870, now valued at $800.\\nThe present membership is sixty-four. A flourishing\\nSunday school, with forty scholars, who draw books\\nfrom a library of 103 volumes, is attached to the\\nchurch. The trustees are: Peter Day, Alexander\\nMathews and George Scott. Stewards, Peter Day,\\nGilbert Brown, Solomon Griffon.\\nTHE CHAIN LAKE BAPTIST CHURCH\\n(Colored) was organized by Elder David Lett, Jan-\\nuary 4, 1848, with eight members, and Harrison Ash\\nand Turner Byrd elected as officers. About two\\nyears subsequent to their organization, they erected a\\nlog church, and this, in 1860, gave place to a substan-\\ntial frame building, costing $1,200. The church has\\nflourished finely, and now has a membership of 150\\nand an interesting Sunday school of sixty scholars,\\nwho have access to a library of 100 volumes. Pres-\\nent officers: M. D. and William Ash, Milton Calla-\\nway, Green Allen, E. Keith, Samuel Hawks and W.\\nMadry.\\nMOUNT ZION M. E. CHURCH.\\nMount Zion M. E. Church (Colored) was organized\\nin 1849, by Mathew T. Newson, which was only one\\nyear subsequent to the first emigration of colored peo-\\nple, of any considerable numbers, to this township.\\nThey first held meetings in private houses, but before\\none year had elapsed purchased one and a half acres\\nof land of Hardy Wade for building purposes and for\\na cemetery, and erected thereon a log church, which\\nis still standing, which, with the land, cost $200. The\\nsociety increased rapidly in numbers, and after a time\\nthey abandoned their log house for a neat frame build-\\ning, 30x40. The first trustees were Richard Woods,\\nBenjamin Hawley, L. Archer, Lawson Howell, Will-\\niam Scott, Joseph Alien. The present officers are\\nHenry Cannady, Peter Day, Joseph Allen, William\\nAlien, James Monroe, Joseph Scott. This is called\\nthe mother church of the county, as one at Calvin\\nCenter and one in Volinia sprang from it, and they\\nnow have a total membership of 200, with property\\nvalued at 3,000, including a parsonage at Calvin\\nCenter.\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1835-36, Pleasant Grubb 1837-38, William T.\\nReed; 1841, Joel East 1842-43, John V. Whin-\\nnery; 1844, Peter Shaffer; 1845, Elijah Osborn\\n1846-47, Jesse Hutchinson 1848, S. T.Reed 1849,\\nJohnson Patrick; 1850, Leander Osborn; 1851-54,\\nJefferson Osborn; 1855, Daniel W. Gray; 1856,\\nJohnson Patrick 1857, Elijah Osborn 1858-59,\\nBeniah Tharp 1860-61, James Oren 1862-66,\\nB. A. Tharp 1867-70, Levi J. Reynolds 1871-\\n72, B. A. Tharp 1873-75, Leroy Osborn; 1876-77,\\nB. F. Beeson; 1878-79, Levi J. Reynolds; 1880,\\nLevi J. Reynolds; 1881, B. F. Bee.son.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1835, William T. Reed 1836, Andrew White;\\n1837, Andrew Grubb 1838, Thomas O Dell; 1839,\\nAlexander White; 1840-41, Charles Dennison\\n1842-45, L. D. Norton; 1846-48, Finley Chess;\\n1849, William H. Jones 1850, Jefferson Osborn\\n1851-53, Jesse Hutchinson 1854-55, B. F. Har-\\nrison 1856-58, Levi J. Reynolds; 1859-60, Moses\\nBrown; 1861-62, William Clark; 1863, J. F. Lemon;\\n1864-65, T. J. Osborn 1866-68, S. S. Davis 1869,\\nJames Rivers 1870-74, James H. Gregg 1875-77,\\nJohn Allen 1878-79, L. S. Tharp 1880-81, Jacob\\nHorn.\\nCLERKS.\\n1835, W. T. Reed; 1837-37, J. V. Whinnery;\\n1838-39, William Brown; 1840-41, J. V. Whin-\\nnery 1842, William Brown 1843, A. Northup\\n1844, William Brown; 1845, J. C. Blair; 1846,\\nS. T. Reed 1847, Henry Shaffer 1848-54, A! E.\\nPeck 1855-57, B. A. Tharp 1858-59, James\\nOren 1860-61, Lewis Cowgill 1862, John Lee\\n1863-64, J. N. Osborn 1865, John Lee 1866-69,\\nJames Rivers 1870, Leroy Osborn 1871, S. K.\\nG. Wright 1872, A. K. Wright 1873-78, James\\nRivers 1879, James H. Gregg 1880-81, Bishop\\nE. Curtis.\\nBrOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nLKVI I). NORTON.\\nAmong the early settlers of Champaign County,\\nOhio, was Nathan Norton, the father of the imme-\\ndiate subject of this biography. He came from Vir-\\nginia, which was the place of his nativity. He resid-\\ned in Ohio until 1828, when with his family, which\\nconsisted of his wife and five children Mahala,\\nPleasant, Jane, Levi D. and Richard. He started\\nfor that El Dorado of the pioneers, Cass County. They\\narrived safely after a journey devoid of particular in-\\ncident, and settled in township of Jefferson, where\\nthey were the first settlers in the section of the town", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0593.jp2"}, "594": {"fulltext": "390\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nin which they located. Here the elder Norton resided\\nuntil his decease. Levi D. resided in Jefferson until\\n1839, when he removed to Calvin his name is stamped\\non many of the initial events in Jefferson s history.\\nHe plowed the first furrow ever turned in the town-\\nship, and assisted in the production of the first crop.\\nIn Calvin, he was also a pioneer, and in addition to\\nthe many privations and hardships that he was called\\nupon to pass through, he was crippled by the loss of\\na considerable amount of the irredeemable currency\\nof that day, but his energy and industry overcame all\\nobstacles, and he not only regained what he had lost,\\nbut ultimately became one of the most successful and\\nprosperous farmers of the township. His death oc-\\ncurred November 7, 1872, at his home in Calvin. He\\nidentified himself closely with the township, and his\\nname is frequently found in the civil list. He dis-\\ncharged his duties concientiously and faithfully, and he\\nendeared himself to tlTe community in which he lived\\nby generosity and liberality. He was married, in Sep-\\ntember, 1814, to Miss Martha, daughter of Samuel\\nand Elizabeth Mcllvain. Mrs. Norton was born in\\nLogan County, Ohio, in 1812. and came to Cass in\\n1832. She was the counterpart of her husband in\\nmany things, and is now living on the old homestead\\nwith her daughter Jane, now Mrs. C. L. Baldwin.\\nTheir other children are: Mary A. (now Mrs\\nAdamson); Leonard, who is in Chicago; Elizabeth,\\n(now Mrs. Shaw), in Cheboygan and Samuel, who\\nresides in Kansas.\\nIS.VAC HULL.\\nIsaac Hull, son of Elijah and Sarah Hull, was\\nborn in Pennsylvania July 3, 1807. He removed to\\nOhio with his parents when a small child, and re-\\nmained there until mature manhood. He was mar-\\nried, February 21, 1828, to Miss Mariah Grubb, and\\nsix children were born to them in Ohio. In 1835,\\nMr. Hull made a trip to Cass County, purchased\\nland in Calvin, near Brownsville, and in the fall of\\n1837, the family located upon it, moving into a log\\nhouse. The family passed through the usual expe-\\nrience of the pioneers, and in time had a pleasant home.\\nFive children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Hull after\\nthey came to Michigan, making in aJl eleven, all of\\nwhom arrived at the age of maturity. Five have\\nsince died, viz.: Isaiah, Pleasant G., John F., Ama-\\nziah G. and Mary A. The only surviving son, F.\\nMcK. Hull, is doing an extensive wholesale and re-\\ntail grocery business in Jackson, where his sister\\nLibbie A. also lives. Minerva J., resides in Calhoun\\nCounty, Iowa. Martha E., Sarah J. and Olive M.\\nare living upon the old homestead.\\nThe subject of this sketch led an upright, admirable\\nlife, and although beginning his career in poverty, by\\nhis industry accumulated a large property. He died\\nupon the 19th of December, 1878, after an illness of\\nbut three days, and the funeral was largely attended\\nupon the following Sunday. A friend, writing of\\nIsaac Hull, says With no advantages of early edu-\\ncation, and with none of the adventitious aids to ad-\\nvancement that many of his compeers enjoyed in their\\nyouth, he achieved both fortune and reputation by his\\nown inherent force of character, untiring industry,\\nindomitable energy and frugality. An intellect quick\\nto apprehend and a judgment reraarka;bly acute to\\napply the knowledge he acquired in his intercourse\\nwith men, were the elements that combined to make\\nhis life in a worldly point of view a success. He\\nleaves a wife and four children to mourn his sudden\\ndeath. The results of his provident care surround\\nthem, and their sorrow is alleviated by the confident\\nassurance that he who was so fondly devoted to them\\nhas entered upon the rewards of a well-spent life.\\nThough we lament his death, we cannot be unconscious\\nthat our loss is his gain. fjjg\\npeculiar and prominent characteristics of the deceased\\nwere his simplicity, sincerity and earnestness. His\\nconvictions were clear and strong, because he adhered\\nto his cpnvictions and those who supported them but\\nhe was an honest and generous partisan. With the\\nbest opportunities to judge during the most exciting\\nperiod of our recent political history, I never observed\\nin him the slightest tinge of malignity, of selfishness,\\nor envy. There is no character of the heated period\\nof which I speak that I recall with more unmixed\\nsatisfaction or higher respect. He was ever ready to\\ngive honor to whom honor was due.\\nMrs. Hull is still living and in the seventy-fifth\\nyear of her age. She was born October 13, 1806,\\nin Loudoun County, Va., and removed with her par-\\nents, Andrew and Martha Grubb, to Clark County,\\nOhio, when she was seven years old, and from there\\nto Bellefontaine, Logan County, of the same State,\\nwhere she remained until after her marriage.\\nCHARLES KirKP:RT.\\nAbraham Rickert was born in Lancaster County,\\nPenn., in 1782, and married Mary M. Engle in 1810.\\nThey became the parents of seven children, viz.\\nLeonard, who was born in 1811 Catharine, Abra-\\nham, Mary, Samuel and Jacob. The two latter chil-\\ndren were born near Wooster, Ohio, to which State\\nthe family removed in 1823. Having disposed of a\\nfarm purchased near Wooster, they, in the spring of\\n1829, purchased three yoke of oxen and as many\\nwagons, and, in company with a family named\\nMclntaffer, came to Michigan. While en route they", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0594.jp2"}, "595": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\novertook a family named Bowers and they then pur-\\nsued their journey together. They came by the way\\nof the Maumee or Black Swamp, which was so nearly\\nimpassable that sometimes not more than two or three\\nmiles progress would be made in a day, and at night\\nhuge logs were cut and rolled together and brush piled\\non them, on which the beds were placed to keep them\\nout of the water. This same year, Mr. Rickert pur-\\nchased land opposite Mottville, in the counties of Cass\\nand St. Joseph, where their son Abner was born in\\n1829. In the winter of 1829-30, they subsisted on\\nbeans, hominy and corn meal. The hominy was\\nmanufactured by pounding with the poll of an ax\\ncorn placed in a hole burned in the top of a stump. A\\nMr. Cutler possessed a hand-mill with which two men\\ncould grind one bushel per hour and here a portion of\\ntheir meal was ground. Before leaving Ohio, Mr.\\nRickert shipped a quantity of flour around the lakes\\nand up the St. Joseph River to Mottville; but it was\\n80 delayed that it did not reach its destination until\\nthe summer of 1830, for it became frozen up in the\\nlake, which caused the family great inconvenience.\\nIn 1841, Leonard Rickert purchased land in Cal-\\nvin Township, on which he moved with his wife,\\nMargaret A. (Crawford), to whom he was married\\nDecember 15, 1842. His death occurred May 10,\\n1854, and hia widow and family of six children named\\nMary E., Charles C, George A., Olive L., Ambrose\\nR. and Celestie L., lived on the farm until her death,\\nwhich occurred May 31, 1877. Mrs. Rickert came\\nwith her parents from Lake County, Ohio, in 1886,\\nand settled on the farm now owned by Mr. Hanson.\\nMr. and Mrs. Leonard Rickert were honored mem-\\nbers of the Baptist Church, and were highly esteemed\\nby the community with whom they spent so many\\nyears.\\nCharles C. Rickert, who was born January, 1846,\\nnow owns and farms it on the old homestead in Cal-\\nvin, and has always engaged in agricultural pursuits.\\nHe was married May 24, 1877, to Susanah, daughter\\nof Nathan Shaw, who was born October 29, 1845.\\nThey have but one child, Ellen Sophronia, who was\\nborn June 3, 1878. George Rickert lives on a farm\\nadjoining the paternal estate. Ambrose and Celestie\\nare deceased, while Mary E. and Olive L. still re-\\nside on the old homestead.\\nA\\nCHAPTER XXXVII.\\nMARCELLUS.\\nA Ketrospectlon\u00e2\u0080\u0094 View of the Township-- Ye Oldeu aud Present\\nTune Contrasted\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Settlements\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Unexecuted Threats of Tah-\\nWah an Indian\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil Organization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Post Offices-\\nEarly Events-Marcellus Village-Village of Wakelee\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Keligious-\\nSecret Societies\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical.\\nRETROSPECTION of little more than two.\\nscore years carries us back to the time of the\\nfirst settlement of what now constitutes the township\\nof Marcellus. Fifty-two years, with their momentous\\nevents and changing vicissitudes, have passed into the\\nsilent night of eternity since the first white settler\\nmade his permanent location within the borders of the\\ntownship. Consequently, in the preparation of a brief\\nhistorical sketch of Marcellus, our labors only require\\na record of events transpiring in and subsequent to\\nthe year 1836.\\nHappily there are a few living yet whose memories\\nantedate the time of the settlement of the township\\nby several years, and there are a few whose memories\\nextend back to the time when not a semblance of the\\npresent progress and development existed. Notwith-\\nstanding the recent settlement of this portion of the\\ncounty, it being the last township organized in Cass\\nCounty, the early settlers had to endure many of the\\ntrials and privations of those who first erected the\\nstandard of civilization in these Western wilds. Yet\\nblended with the recollections of their troubles and\\nadventures are memories of the broad hospitality, the\\nI Christian fortitude, the kindness and cheerfulness\\nwhich those who have been reared in the land of plenty\\nknow nothing of.\\nThough we charge to-day with fleelness,\\nI Though we dread to-morrow s sky,\\nThere s a melancholy sweetness\\nIn the name of day s gone by.\\nGeographically, Marcellus is located in the extreme\\nnortheast corner of the county, and its surroundings\\nare Porter Township, of Van Buren County, on the\\nnorth Flowerfield Township, of St. Joseph County, on\\nthe east, and the townships of Newberg and Volinia,\\nj on the south and west respectively. Its bounderies\\nwere surveyed by William Brookfield, and its subdivis-\\nions by John MuUett, Deputy Surveyors, as per con-\\ntract with William Lytle, Surveyor General of the\\nUnited States.\\nThe only marks in this region that gave any evi-\\ndence that the foot of civilized man had trod the soil\\nof this unbroken wilderness previous to the year\\n1836 were the blazed trees that denoted an indefinite\\npathway made by the land speculator. The actual\\nsettler had avoided it because of its dense forests and\\nheavv timber, its marshes and malaria, and in its stead\\nI had sought out the inviting prairies or the oak open-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0595.jp2"}, "596": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nings of the county. The prairie portion of the coun-\\nty was settled first. All that was required to bring it\\nunder subjection was to have a good strong team and\\na plow. The farmer could commence operations here\\nwith almost the same facility that he could had he\\nbeen in an old settled country. The openings pre-\\nsented the appearance of an immense plain. The\\npractice of the Indians was to burn the land over\\nevery fall, which had the effect of keeping not only\\nthe annual vegetation burned off, but the grubs also.\\nAfter breaking, it was comparatively alight matter to\\nbring the land under cultivation.\\nBut not so with the timbered land. The labor of\\nclearing up the primeval forests was immense, the\\ntimber requiring to be felled, cut up, logged and\\nburned a job much easier said than executed. And\\nthen the stumps and roots continued to be a perpetual\\nannoyance for many years after. These obstacles,\\nand the great distance to market, were some of the i\\ncogent reasons wliy Marcellus was the last-settled\\ntownship in the county. The possession of large\\ntracts by speculators, who refused to dispose of the\\nland except at extravagant prices, tended still more to\\nretard its settlement and improvement.\\nThe surface of Marcellus in the northwestern quar-\\nter of the township, is quite broken in many places\\nespecially is this so in the region of Saddle Bag and\\nFish Lakes. To the westward of Fish Lake, the sur-\\nface is more regular and the soil fertile. In the\\nnorthwestern quarter, the surface is level, and much\\nof it low and marshy. But at the present time there I\\nare beautiful farms in this section, even where once\\nwere marshes. The farmer points with pride to many\\nacres which were, when he first came in, covered with\\nseveral feet of water a gi-eater portion of the year,\\nbut now afford abundant pasturage and even produce\\nmany of the cereals. Ditching, clearing off the for-\\nest, and removing the flood-wood from the streams,\\nwas all that was necessary to make the lowlands the\\nbest of farms. Right well has this been done. The\\nsoutheastern quarter of the township is gently undu-\\nlating, or somewhat hilly. It is well watered by what\\nthe citizens call Big Creek, but the stream is marked\\nLittle Rocky River on the map of Cass County. The\\nsoutheastern quarter is, perhaps, the most uneven por-\\ntion of the county, but is not bluffy. The hill slopes\\nare tillable, and although the surface soil contains a\\nlarge proportion of sand and gravel, there is a suflS-\\ncient amount of limestone in it to make it arable.\\nThe township is dotted over with numerous small\\nlakes, some of which abound in fish, and the pisca-\\ntorian with his rod and bait is a frequent visitor of\\nthese sequestered spots. The lakes of the northwest\\npart of the township give rise to the south branch of\\nthe Dowagiac River, and those of the south and\\nsouthwest are drained by Little Rocky Creek, which\\nflows across the southern portion of the township, in\\nan easterly direction, and, on leaving it, it continues\\nits course to the east side of Flowerfield Township, in\\nSt. .Joseph County, under the name of Big Stone\\nRiver, and then it takes a southerly course and emp-\\nties into the St. Joseph River at Three Rivers. Big\\nCreek, as it is called, is quite a rapid stream, and it\\nand its branches have furnished the power for several\\nmills which have been built upon its banks at different\\ntimes some of them were erected at an early day,\\nand are no longer in operation, while others are of\\nmore recent construction and are running at this time.\\nWe will speak of these mills more at length further\\non. As has been intimated above, this township was\\nheavily timbered. Many portions of it were covered\\nwith the more valuable kinds of timber, such as the\\nwalnut, white wood, large white oak, ash and maple.\\nIn the lowlands and marshes black ash and swamp\\nelm and tamarack abounded.\\nThe principal lakes are Saddle Bag and Fish, in\\nthe northwest, Hemlock and Pine Lakes in the north.\\nMiller and Cranberry in the southeast, and Goff s and\\nHuyck s in the southwest. Pickerel, in the southern\\nportion, must not be omitted from the list. It was so\\nnamed on account of the abundance of pickerel which\\ninhabited its waters in the early history of the town-\\nship. These lakes were the frequent resort of the\\nhunter and trapper, including both the Indian and\\nwhite man, and many a camp-fire was built upon their\\nbanks by hunters, who had mother earth for a couch\\nand the blue canopy of heaven for a covering.\\nThe attachments that existed between some of the\\nearly settlers and Indians were very strong, and the\\nhardships of the pioneer would, many times, have been\\nmuch greater had not the Indian shared with him his\\nscanty supply of corn and venison.\\nEARLY SETTLEMENTS.\\nThe first entries of land were made in Marcellus,\\nOctober 19, 1835, by Delevan Duncan and Joel Clark,\\nin Sections 11 and 12, but neither of them made a\\nsettlement. The following year, entries were made by\\nJoseph Bair, Joel Goff, Josephus Gard, Joseph Haight,\\nJohn Goff, John Beebe, John Huyck and others, and\\nof these but one made a settlement at this time.\\nAccording to the record, Joseph Haight entered his\\nland July 13, 1886. He, accompanied by his family,\\ncame from Orleans County, N. Y., in the spring\\nof this year, and after spending a short time in look-\\ning up an available location, made choice of 139 acres\\non Section 18. During the summer, he chopped off a\\nlittle spot of ground and built a log cabin. The", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0596.jp2"}, "597": {"fulltext": "H. v/, blY,\\nJVIF(S- LOLiisyv blV,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u009e*\u00c2\u00abft :\u00c2\u00bbs\u00c2\u00a35j3.\\nA\\nf^osv/ell F(. BEEBE\\nf^FxSM/K^V BEEBE", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0597.jp2"}, "598": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0598.jp2"}, "599": {"fulltext": "G.\\\\//. JO^I ES,\\nJ. C. BRADT.\\nJOHH SyvVAGE.\\nv/AF^F(E:/sf O-MATHEW S.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0599.jp2"}, "600": {"fulltext": "I", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0600.jp2"}, "601": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nsound of Ills ax was the first to resound throughout\\nthe dense forest and arouse its denizens in their peace-\\nful possession. The smoke from this cabin was the\\nfirst to curl above the tops of the tall trees, the har-\\nbinger of civilization. The cabin completed, he, with\\nhis family, moved into the midst of the forest in the\\nautumn of 1836, and here, by indefatigable toil he\\ncarved out for himself a home. Here he continued\\nto live until his death, and his widow, Ann C. Haight,\\nwhose maiden name was Comstock, still lives here\\nwith her daughter.\\nMother Haight, as she is familiarly known, often\\nrecounts the incidents of pioneer life to a circle of\\nyoung listeners. Her graphic descriptions of the ex-\\ntemporized furniture and fixtures, the cooking utensils,\\nth^ domestic manufactures, etc., are intensely interest-\\ning to her young friends, whom she loves to thus\\nentertain. Her mind is clear an active, and her eye\\nkindles with enthusiasm as she, in her memory, lives\\nover the days of her early womanhood, when the little\\nspinning wheel, with its flyers and distaff, furnished\\nthe evening music instead of the piano forte and the\\none-posted bedstead, the wooden stool, the sap- trough\\ncradle, and the shallow iron dish with a pitcher nose\\non one side, filled with wood-chuck s fat, in which was\\nplaced a cotton rag for a wick, constituted the lamp.\\nThese crude fixtures took the place of the elegant\\nparlor suits of to-day. If it were not, that in the\\ngeneral chapters of this work, log cabins and all that\\nappertains thereto had adready been described so\\nminutely, we would here reiterate many of her ac-\\ncounts. Suffice it that we refer the reader to this\\nportion of the work for their full description, and\\nother subjects not here treated of.\\nThe next to join the vanguard of pioneers of Mar-\\ncellus were Fredrick Gofi and Joseph Bair, with their\\nfamilies. Mr. Goff came from Cayuga County, N.\\nY., and settled on land entered by his brother John,\\non Section 20, in the vicinity of what is now called\\nGolf s Lake. The date of his settlement is 1837.\\nFredrick. Goff being a carpenter and joiner by trade,\\nand lumber, at this time, being within hauling dis-\\ntance, he built, in the outset, a small frame house,\\nwhich was the first frame building in the township.\\nIn about two years after his settlement he died, and\\nhis widow, Malinda Goff, whose maiden name was\\nCurtis, and her two sons, A. and Silas, continued\\nto improve the farm and make for themselves a com-\\nfortable home. Ephraim and Eben, sons of John Goff,\\ncame to the county about 1839, and settled in the\\nGoff neighborhood, and John finally came and spent\\nhis last years here. The representatives of the Gofi\\nfamily have been very numerous in this township, and\\nher citizens are indebted to them for many of the\\nearly improvements. Nearly all of them are now\\nsleeping in the family burial-ground on the west side\\nof the lake which bears their name.\\nJoseph Bair, with his wife Elizabeth (Rigley) and\\none child, Westell, came from Crawford County, Ohio,\\nto Michigan in 1828. They came accompanied by a\\nMr. dinger and family to White Pigeon, St. Josseph\\nCounty. Mr. dinger had, prior to this, visited White\\nPigeon and taken up a large tract of land, and re-\\nturned to Ohio for his family. In consideration of\\nMrs. Bair s assisting in the household labors, and Mr.\\nBair, who was a noted hunter, supplying them with\\nvenison while en route., they were given a free\\npassage to the new world. In addition to house-\\nhold effects, Mr. Clinger brought some stock, includ-\\ning a span of four-year-old colts, and being a good\\nhorsewoman, they had not proceeded far on the\\njourney before Mrs. Bair broke one of them to ride,\\nand rode him most of the way.\\nJoseph Bair lived at White Pigeon and Gourdneck\\nPrairies till coming to Marcellus Township, in 1837.\\nWhile living on Gourd Neck Prairie Mr. Bair built\\nwhat Mrs. Bair facetiously called her elm-log\\ncabin. He chopped shelves in the side of a very\\nlarge elm log for her dishes. He then drove into the\\nground two crotched poles and placed in each of the\\ncrotches one end of a pole, the other ends resting on\\nthe elm log. This constituted the frame work of the\\ncabin which was roofed with shakes. It was inclosed\\nby setting one tier of shakes on end around two sides\\nof it, the front remaining open. No windows or doors\\nwere needed, and as for floor it had none. In this\\nrude structure, more like school children s playhouse,\\nthan a place to live in, they remained about nine\\nmonths. By the time winter had set in, he had built\\nanother and better cabin. But this better cabin\\nwas minus a floor. Mrs. Bair was quite proud of her\\ndirt floor, and took great pains in pounding it down\\nsolid with a heavy maul Mr. Bair used for splitting\\nwood, and sweeping it with a hickory splint broom\\nmanufactured by her husband. While living here\\nthey experienced some hard times, once, for a period\\nof six weeks, having no corn or other bread in the\\nhouse, their only food being vegetables and venison.\\nShe also relates a thrilling adventure with an\\nIndian named Tah- Wall.\\nOne beautiful autumnal day during the Indian sum-\\nmer, and there were Indian summers in those days,\\nMr. Bair took his rifle and went into the woods in\\npursuit of game, leaving Mrs. Bair and her children\\nalone. About the middle of the day, while she was\\npreparing dinner, Tah wah, accompanied by an old\\nsquaw, came into the cabin unbidden, in a state of\\nintoxication. She sat down in the door while he sat,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0601.jp2"}, "602": {"fulltext": "394\\nHISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nor rather fell, into a chair, and commenced expectorat-\\ning on the cleanly kept floor, and making himself very\\nobnoxious. About this time a neighbor called, and\\nas Tah-wah commenced taking undue liberties, he was\\ntold several times to marches, but refused to go,\\nand she took hold of him and, pointing to the door,\\nsaid repeatedly Tah-wah marchee, which so incensed\\nhim that he sprang up, drew his scalping knife from\\nhis belt and made a desperate eflbrt to inflict a mortal\\nwound, but was prevented by the timely interference\\nof the neighbor, and they managed together to thrust\\nhim outside, and he retired muttering vengeance. After\\nthe family had retired that evening, Tah-wah returned,\\nand, pushing one side the blanket which was used as a\\nsubstitute for a door, called out Muchway, this\\nbeing the appellation he had given Mr. Bair. At\\nfirst, no response was given to his repeated interroga-\\ntories, when Mr. Bair inquired his business. Thus\\nencouraged, he stalked into the room, came close to the\\nbed, and demanded that Mr. Bair should severely\\npunish his wife for the unceremonious manner in which\\nshe had treated him during the day, he contending\\nthat great indignities had been heaped upon him by the\\nwhite squaw, and that if his request was not com-\\nplied with, he would himself whip her within an inch\\nof her life. Mr. Bair paid no attention to his threats,\\nbut sternly commanded him to leave the cabin, or he\\nwould arise and whip him into subjection. These\\ncounterthreats appeared ineffective until he essayed\\nto arise to put them into execution, when Tah-wah\\nslunk away apparently in a great rage.\\nNot long subsequent to this event, Mr. Bair returned\\nhome from work he had been engaged on for several\\ndays, to find nothing but some potatoes in the house\\nto eat. Fortunately, they possessed a little money,\\nand Mrs. Bair, in view of his not being well, consented\\nto go to a mill some three miles distant and procure\\nso/ne meal. While on the way, on turning a point in\\nthe Indian trail, she beheld in the distance a man ap-\\nproaching, and, as he drew near, she suddenlji discov-\\nered that it was Tah-wah with a gun on his shoulder,\\na tomahawk in his hand and scalping knife in his belt.\\nShe became almost paralyzed with fear, but did not\\ndare run for fear he would shoot her, as they were on\\nthe open prairie. There were several trails threading\\nthe tall prairie grass, and she essayed to avoid him by\\ntaking a side trail. Tah-wah discovered her plans,\\ncrossed over the other trails and approached her\\nuntil they stood face to face, where he stood for a\\nmoment as motionless and impenetrable as a monu-\\nment, carefully scrutinizing the trembling woman, and\\nthen extending his hand saying, bus-you-macon,\\nwhich means how do you do my friend. He thought\\nshe had been sufficiently punished, and proposed being\\nfriends in the future, and she gladly consented to his\\nproposition.\\nMr. Bair sold his betterments on Gourd Neck Prai-\\nrie, and moved to Marcellus in the spring of 1837,\\nhaving previously entered 80 acres in Section 24, July\\n21, 1836. He spent much of his time in hunting\\nand trapping, and in this way familiarized himself\\nwith every locality, and could point out the bound-\\naries of every section in the township. He was\\ntherefore of very great assistance to those who wished\\nto locate land. He was frequently employed by men\\nliving in other sections of the country to select lands\\nand make purchases for them, they never coming to\\nsee the land. Although Joseph Bair deceased many\\nyears ago, his widow carried on the farm for a long\\ntime, and there was no outdoor work she could not\\ndo. During the war of the rebellion, her sons hav-\\ning all left her, except one who was about fourteen\\nyears of age, she plowed the ground, fitted it, and\\nsowed eight acres of wheat. Of Joseph Bair s family,\\nthere were nine children, all of whom are living at\\nthis time. Westell, John. lantha and Marion are\\nliving in the township of Marcellus Almira is in\\nWisconsin Clinton and William in Newberg Town-\\nship Anna and Alfrona are in Van Buren County.\\nMrs. Bair is making her home with her son Marion,\\nwho lives on a part of the old homestead.\\nJohn Huyck with his family moved into Marcellus\\nTownship in 1837. Their record will be found else-\\nwhere.\\nWilliam L. Wolf came to Michigan in 1832 with\\nhis parents, who settled in Volinia Township, where\\nhe lived until 1845. October 5, 1844, he entered 80\\nacres of land on Section 80, erected a frame house,\\nand has made other improvements, and still resides on\\nthis place. His first wife, Perces (Goff), having de-\\nceased, he married Martha Goff. Of his children,\\nMary A. and Franklin J. are in Nebraska Edgar W.,\\nFlorence A., Evine L. and Joseph G. are in Marcel-\\nlus, while Henry J., Martha A. and William are de-\\nceased.\\nWilliam P. Bennett, who came into the township in\\n1852, is now a resident of Cassopolis, and Probate\\nJudge of the county. Among other prominent citi-\\nzens are George Grifiin, Reuben Booth, Uri Burnham\\nand Leander Bridge, who are deceased H. H. Poor-\\nman, John S. Curtis, A. J. Shannon, Ambrose\\nWiltsie, B. F. Higgins and others came into the\\ntownship twenty and thirty years ago, and but a few\\nmore years will elapse before they and many others\\nwill be accorded the position of pioneers in the town-\\nship in its then advanced age.\\nThe only male representative of those who moved\\ninto Marcellus Township with a family, and that may", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0602.jp2"}, "603": {"fulltext": "IIISTORV OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n395\\nbe included among the first settlers (188 S) now living,\\nis G. R. Beebe. Mr. Beebe was born in Penn-\\nsylvania, but his parents moved to Ohio when he was\\nbut a boy. He remained in Huron County, Ohio,\\ntill he reached manhood s estate, and then came to\\nKalamazoo County, where he was married to Marga-\\nret Hanson.\\nMrs. Beebe s parents settled on Prairie Ronde\\nwhen there were but two other families and she re-\\ncalls the time when her mother divided a peck of\\ncorn into three equal parts, giving two-thirds to-two\\nother families. This corn and a scanty supply of po-\\ntatoes were all they had to subsist on, while Mr. Han-\\nson went to Ohio after some wheat. In due time he\\nreturned, bringing a quantity of wheat flour, and the\\nfamily had a feast of white bread, which was a great\\nluxury to them.\\nMrs. Beebe, in common with other pioneer women,\\nwas in mortal fear of the notorious Indian, Shavehead,\\nand recalls the time when he came to their cabin in\\nMarcellus, sat down on the threshold, and with his\\nhatchet commenced hacking the door step in a most\\nsignificant manner. He appeared out of humor and\\ncomplained bitterly of the manner in which he had\\nbeen treated by the whites. In answer to inquiry, he\\nwas told that Mr. Beebe was in the woods chopping,\\nand he listened attentively for a long time, but failed\\nto hear the sound of his ax, and no wonder, for he\\nwas many miles away from home. Although in con-\\nstant fear, not knowing what moment he might con-\\nclude to put in execution his oft repeated threat, to\\ncapture one more scalp before his death, she coolly pro-\\nceeded to get the noonday meal, and made preparation\\nas if expecting her husband home, and, although they\\npossessed a limited supply of provisions, she in com-\\npliance to his demands gave Shavehead nearly all\\nthey had, and also several trinkets, including a piece\\nof a broken mirror that was tacked up against the\\nside of the cabin, but still he remained and showed\\nnot the slightest disposition to depart, and her alarm\\nincreased so that she did not relinquish hold of her\\ntwo children, but carried them in her arms around the\\nroom while getting dinner, of which, when ready, she\\ninvited him to partake, and he, Indian fashion, ate to\\nrepletion, while she feigned to wait for her husband.\\nHe tlien proceeded to smoke his pipe, and after what\\nseemed an interminable space of time gathered up\\nthe articles he had become possessed of, and as his\\ndark form was seen retreating througii the forest a\\ngreat relief was felt by the household he had so bur-\\ndened by his presence. Notwithstanding the frights\\nto which they were subject, on account of the Indians,\\nthey always lived at peace with them, and, although\\nfrequently camping in large numbers near their corn-\\nfields, were never detected in taking an ear of corn\\nwithout permission.\\nOf their four children, two are living David L.,\\nin Van Buren County, and Gideon, in St. Joseph\\nCounty.\\nIn 1842, David Snyder, with his family, and his\\nfather and mother, three sisters and a brother-in-law,\\ncame irom Oswego County. N. Y., via Detroit to\\nMichigan. The journey from Detroit was performed\\nwith a team, and they pressed forward until Marcel-\\nlus was reached, when land was purchased on Section\\n22, and to which he was obliged to cut roads^^th rough\\nthe woods, in this township. He states that the\\ngreatest obstacle they were obliged to contend with\\nj during their first settlement was the ague, with which\\nI the whole family at times were prostrated. The very\\nair seemed impregnated with this miasmatic disease,\\nj which attacked a favorite horse named Bill, brought\\nwith them from the East. He appeared to have a\\nj genuine case of the ague, for he would shake, have a\\nhigh fever, and then sweat till the water ran in drops\\nfrom his body. This region was peculiarly adapted\\nto this disease, and the sufferings of the settlers in\\nconsequence was intense at times. Mr. Snyder has\\ndone his full share of pioneer work, and has made his\\nimpress on the township in many ways.\\nMoses P. Blanchard should be included among the\\npioneers of Marcellus. He came from Kalamazoo\\nCounty, and entered two quarter-sections of land, one\\nj on Sections 13 and 14. The date of his entries is\\nJuly 22, 1836. He was an old bachelor, and had\\nno permanent place of abode, but spent much of his\\ntime in the township, residing with other settlers, in\\nthe meantime making improvements on his lands.\\nAfter a few years, two of his brothers, Allen and\\nOrvill, moved in from Kalamazoo County, settled on\\nhis lands and improved them.\\nDaniel G. Rouse was an early settler and took an\\nactive part in the civil affairs of the township at the\\ntime of its organization. Mr. Rouse circulated the\\npetition for the organization of the township, and the\\nfirst election was held at his house. He was the first\\nSupervisor, and filled this office at various times after-\\nward. He also assisted in building the first school-\\nhouse in the township, donating the site for the\\nsame.\\nJohn Savage and his wife, Hannah (Skinner), were\\namong the early settlers in this township, for they lo-\\ncated here about the year 1842, and of their numer-\\nous family of fifteen children many of them left their\\nimpress on the physical aspect of the township. The\\nprogenitor of this family deceased in 1878, at the ad-\\nvanced age of ninety-one years; his consort is also\\ndeceased. Of their children, Lewis, Laura A., Henry,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0603.jp2"}, "604": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nThankful, Benedict, Elizabeth and Mary B. have\\npassed away. Of those living, Harrison is in Kansas,\\nHarvey in Minnesota, Harriet M. and Julia in Ore- j\\ngon, Amelia J. in Van Buren County, while George,\\nFrancis and Frank reside in this township.\\nThomas Burney, who now resides in Marcellus\\nVillage, came to Michigan in 1841. His boyhood\\ndays were spent upon the banks of the beautiful Sus-\\nquehanna. He emigrated from his native State,\\nPennsylvania, to Ohio, Medina County, and thence\\nto Newberg Township, Cass County, Mich. The date\\nof his settlement in Newberg is 1841 thence he re-\\nmoved to Cassopolis and remained until 1868, when\\nhe returned to Marcellus, and located where the village\\nnow stands. At that time, there were only two\\nfarm houses within the present limits of the village.\\nTo him belongs the honor of erecting the first busi-\\nness building in the village, in 1868, where he and\\nhis son, Levi, kept a general stock of goods, and did\\na profitable business for several years. At the time\\nof the construction of the Peninsular Railroad, he\\nsold a great many goods to the laborers on the same,\\ntaking orders on the company, which were never paid.\\nHe thus suffered a heavy loss, from which he never\\nrecovered. He is to-day, financially speaking, poor,\\nbut is rich in the kindly regards of his fellow-citizens.\\nLevi C. is still in business in the village of Marcellus,\\nand Myron F. is a farmer in Newberg Township.\\nThese two sons and one daughter, Sophronia, are all\\nthat are living of the six children. The names of\\nthose that are dead are Philena L., Mianda A. and\\nSyrenus E.\\nFrederick Patrick came from the State of New\\nYork, in 1845, purchased a farm on Section 29. He\\nfirst moved in a cooper shop on Section 28, built by\\nJohn Savage, where he continued to live until erect-\\ning a house on his own farm. His first buildings were\\nframe, and Mr. Patrick claims that his were the first\\nlarge and substantial frame buildings in the township.\\nTo Mr. Patrick belongs the honor of being the first\\nmerchant of Marcellus Township. He opened up a\\ngeneral store in the upright of the house in which\\nbe now lives, and did quite an extensive business for\\na few years. His brother, a merchant in Saratoga,\\nN. Y., furnished him with very many goods. Mr.\\nRouse, a few years previous to this, while running an\\nashery, kept a few groceries, which he exchanged for\\nashes, and it is claimed by some that he that was the\\nfirst merchant. The ashery was established about\\n1846-47, Patrick s store in 1855-60. Frederick\\nPatrick married Nancy Goff, and their issue was\\nseven children Malinda and Francis, who are de-\\nceased and Lucy, Elvira, Edgar, Frederick and Je-\\nrome, who are living.\\nLAND ENTRIES.\\nSection 1.\\nJoseph Bair, Kalamazoo County, .July 21 and 26, 1886 339\\nTimothy Mosier, Kalamazoo County, July 26, 1836 80\\nJoel Clark, Kalamazoo County, Jan. 9, 1837 142\\nRobert Morris, .St. Joseph. County, Dec. C, 1837 40\\nSection 2.\\nGreer McElvaine, Kalamazoo County, July 26, 1836 68\\nCharles Spears, Van Huren County, Jan. 10, 1837 80\\nJay R. Monroe, Van Buren County, Jan. 10, 1837 80\\nDavid Tomlinson, Schenectady County, N. Y., Jan. 26, 1837.. 160\\nBenjamin Bennett, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 23, 1844 40\\nSection 3.\\nLoreeJ. Rosecrants, Kalamazoo County, March 11,1837 137\\nHorace H. Adanis, Van Buren County, March 25, 1869 36\\nSection 4.\\nJoel Clark, Kalamazoo County, Jan. 9, 1837 68\\nAaron Palmer, Kalamazoo County, March 20, 1837 80\\nHenry Wood, Summit County, Ohio, April 10, 1851 80\\nMial 0. Fesaenden, Cass County, Mich., April 15, 1852 40\\nJames Sullivan, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1853 40\\nBenjamin Peachey, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 17, 1853 40\\nThomas S. Reeves, Cass County, Mich Oct. 26, 1853 80\\nSection 5.\\nJoel G. Goff, Ontario County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 80\\nTheodore H. Drake, Ontario County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 80\\nJoel Clark, Kalamazoo County, Jan. 9, 1837 278\\nH. J. H. Edwards, Kalamazoo County, March 31, 1836 2\\nSilas C. Briggs, Van Buren County, May 17 and 22, 1852.... 79\\nSection 0.\\nLuoien Miner, Charlotteville, Va., Dec. 14, 1836 58\\nJoel Knapp, Cass County, Mich., April 1, 1837 40\\nJohn Goff, Cayuga County, N. Y., June 8, 1837 140\\nSection 7.\\nDavid Sink, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 9, 1837 68\\nRichard J. Huyok, Cass County, Mich., July 6, 1844 108\\nHarry George, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 17, 1853 59\\nSection 8.\\nMary E. Northrup, Kalamazoo County, March, 31, 1836 2\\nJoel Q. Goff, Ontario County, N. Y., July 21, 1836 417\\nSection 9.\\nElihu Woodtvorth, St. Joseph County, July 25, 1839 40\\nClinton Arnold, St. Joseph County, May 25, 1844 40\\nEdward Litlell, Cass County, Mich., July 6, 1862 160\\nJames Sullivan, Cass County, Mich., June 22, 1853 104\\nSection 10.\\nHarry Gregory, Kalamazoo County, May 17, 1836 80\\n.\\\\lfred Payne, Ontario County, N. Y., Nov. 30, 18.38 40\\nElihu Woodward, St. Joseph County. July 25, 1839 40\\n.Samuel Bridge, Cass County, Mich., June 7, 1852 40\\nSection 1 1\\nDelevnu Duncan and Joel Clark, Kalamazoo County, Oct. 19,", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0604.jp2"}, "605": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nHarry Gregory, Kalamazoo Pounty, May 17, 1836 160\\nTimothy Mosier, Kalamazoo County, .July 26, 1836 IhO\\nDayid Tomlinson, Schenectady County, N. Y., Jan. 2(1, 1837. 240\\nSection 12.\\nDelevan Duncan and .loel Clark, Kalamazoo County, Oct. 19,\\n1835\\n40\\nZenas Griswold, Genesee County, N. Y., July 13,\\nJoseph Bair, Kalamazoo County, July 20, 1836...\\nTimothy Mosier, Kalamazoo County, July 26, 183i\\nJoel Clark, Kalamazoo County, Jan. 9, 1837\\nMoses P. Blanohard, Kalamazoo County, April 22 and 26,\\ni\u00c2\u00ab36 leo\\nWilliam A. Wilson, Saratoga County, N. Y., July 13, 1836.... 157\\nGurdon R. Beebe, Kalamazoo County, .Ian. 9, 1837 80\\nSolomon W. Moyer, Kalamazoo County, Jan. 10, 1837 80\\nIra Bidwell, Lenawee County, April 1, 1837 160\\nSection 14.\\nMoses 1 Blanohard, Kalamazoo County, April 22, 183\\nHarry Gregory, Kalamazoo County, May 17, 1836\\nHarry Gregory, Niagara County, N. Y., July 21, 1886.\\nSection 15.\\nJosephus Gard, Cass County, Mich., May 11, 1836 160\\nHarry Gregory, Kalamazoo County, May 17, 1836 80\\nMoses Stocking. Genesee County, N. Y., .luly 13, 1836 160\\nJohn Covington, Champaign County, Ohio, June 5, 1837 80\\nWilliam Conkling, Ontario County, N. Y,, Nov. 30, 1838...:.. 80\\nSection 16.\\nSection 23.\\nEdward T. ,lacohs, Cass County, Mich., April 26, 1836..\\nHarry Gregory, Kalamazoo County, Mich., May 17, 1836\\nJoseph Bibb, Niagara County, N. Y., May 17, 1836 80\\nSilas A. Bagg, Oneida County, N. Y., June 6, 1836 160\\nJoseph S. Hamlin, Oneida County, N. Y., June 6, 1836 200\\nDavid Smith, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Jan. 11, 1837 40\\nSection 24.\\nJoseph Bair, Kalamazoo County, Mich., July 21, 1836 80\\nJosiah Brown, St. Joseph County. Jan. 10, 1837 80\\nBenjamin Brown, St. Joseph County, Jan 10, 1837 160\\nJohn Brown, Kalamazoo County, Jan. 11, 1837 107\\nSection 26.\\nCharles Dimmick, Wayne County, Jan. 10, 1837, entire 609\\nSection 26.\\nJesse Miller, Ontario County, N. Y., Dec. 16, 1836 160\\nSheldon Hawley, Kalamazoo County, Dec. 16, 18-36 200\\nStephen Preston, Calhoun County, Jan. 10, 1836 240\\nJay R. Monroe, Van Buren County, Jan. 10, 1836 40\\nSection 27.\\nEdward T. Jacobs, Cass County, Mich., April 21, 183(\\nJonathan Wales, Oneida County, N. Y., May 27, 1836\\nWalter White, Oneida County, N Y., June 6, 1836\\nCharles Dimmick, Wayne County, Jan. 10, 18 .7\\nSchool Lands\\nSection 17.\\nJoseph Halght, Orleans County, N. Y., July 13. 1836.\\nChristopher Field, Lenawee County, July 13, 1836\\nGeorge Wood, Wayne County, N. Y., July 13, 1836\\nJoel G. Goff, Ontario County, N. Y., July 21, 1836\\n.Joseph Haight. Cass County, Mich., Feb. 27, 1837\\nSection 28.\\nJonathan Wales, Oneida County, N. Y., May 27,\\nJohn C. Beebe, Kalamazoo County, Dec. 14, 1836\\nLewis Savage, Kal.amazoo County, Jan. 9, 1837...\\n320\\n120\\nJanathan Wales, Oneida County, N. Y., May 27, 1836 160\\nJoseph Haight, Orleans County, N. Y., July 13, 1836 139\\nHenry W. Chapin, Oneida County, N. Y., Dec. 14, 1836 298\\nSection 19.\\nJonathan Wales, Oneida (bounty, N. Y., May 27, 1S36 692\\nSei Tion 2o.\\nJohn Goft, Monroe County, N. Y., July 13, 1836 189\\nSilas A. Bagg, Oneida County, N. Y., July 13, 1836 333\\nSection 21.\\nJosephus Gard, Cass Ci unty, Mich., April 27, 1H36\\nJonathan Wales, Oneida County, N Y., May 27, 1836...\\nSolomon McArthur, Washtenaw County, July 13, 1K36..\\nWilliam Titus, Lenawee County, July 13, 1836\\nSection 32.\\nohu A. Jacobs, Mercer County, Ky., April 21.\\nJosephus Gard, Cass County, Mich., April 27, 1886\\nWalter White, Oneida County, May 9, 1836\\n.Moses Stocking, Genesee County, N Y., July 13, 1836..\\nllias B. Sherman, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 10, 1837 40\\n160\\nSection 29.\\nJohn Huyck, Lenawee County, May 3, 1836...\\nLewis Savage, Kalamazoo County, Jan. 9, 1837 160\\nMyron CoUamer, Saratoga County, N. Y., Jan. 10 and 17.\\n1837 184\\nVincent L. Bradford, Berrien County, Jan. 26, 1837 80\\nSe(-ti()N 30.\\nPerry Woodworth, Kalamazoo County, April 24, 1837\\nAbijah Huyck, Cass County, July 2.5, 1843\\nJohn F. Goff, Cass County, Aug. 28, 1844\\nWilliam L. Wolf, Cuss County, Oct 5, 1844\\nSusan Christie, Cass f!ounty, June 16, 1848\\nAbijah Huyck, Cass County, Feb. 8, 1851\\nJohn F. Goff, Cass County, April 5, 1863\\nJames Sullivan, Cass County, May 28, 1853\\ni-tion 31.\\nKvoretl lloUey, Addison County, N. Y 120\\nDavid l.add, Oneida County, N. Y 288\\nGeorge Ladd, Oneida County, N. Y 160\\nSection 32.\\nJohn Kilgore, Genesee County, N. Y., Dec. 16, 1836 240\\nUrias Williams, Saratoga County, N. Y., Dec. 16, 1836 80\\nWilliam A. Clark, Saratoga County, N. Y., Jan. 17, 1886 160\\nJoseph Streeter, Portage County, Ohio, May 3, 1836 120\\nJames Sullivan, Cass County, Mich., May 28, 1858 40", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0605.jp2"}, "606": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSection 33.\\nAOBES.\\nCharles Dimmick, Wayne County, Dec. 16, 1836, entire 614\\nSection 34.\\nJohn Johnson, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 16, 1836 80\\nHenry Hersey, Oneida County, N. Y., Jan. 10 and 17, 1837.. 541\\nSection oH.\\nAsa Hawley, Kalamazoo County, July 27, 1836 160\\nStephen Preston, Calhoun County, Jan. 10, 1837 240\\nAdolphus Chapin. St. .Joseph County, Dec. 17, 1836 201\\nSection 36.\\nAsa Hawley, Kalamazoo County, July 27, 1(\\nWilliam V. Wheaton, Kalamazoo County, Ja\\nORGANIZATION.\\nIn order that the reader, and especially those not\\nnumbered among the older pioneers, may have a clear\\nand intelligent understanding of the organization of\\nthe township, known on the Government survey as\\nTownship 5 south, Range 13 west, it will be neces-\\nsary for them to peruse the general chapters of the\\nhistory on this subject.\\nIn 1843, the people of Marcellus, feeling competent\\nto manage their own affairs, petitioned the State Legis-\\nlature for a separate jurisdiction.\\nA petition was framed and circulated by Daniel G.\\nRouse, praying the Legislature to pass an act for the\\norganization of the township under the name of Cam-\\nbria, but there being another township in _the State\\nbearing this name, at the^suggestion of Judge Little-\\njohn, of Allegan, who was a member of the State\\nLegislature, it was christened Marcellus, by Mr. An-\\nderson, who was the petitioners, representative at this\\ntime.\\nThe act by which Marcellus was erected reads as\\nfollows\\nAll that part of the County of Cass designated\\nby the United State,s Survey as Township S^south of\\nRange 13 west, is hereby set off and organized into a\\nseparate township, by the name of Marcellus, and the\\nfirst township meeting shall be held at the house of\\nDaniel G.^Rouse, in said township. This act was\\napproved March 9, 1843, and the first, township meet-\\ning was held at Mr. Rouse s on the 16th day of June,\\n1843, at which time the following officers were elect-\\ned Daniel G. Rouse, Supervisor ;^G. R. Beebe,\\nTreasurer, and Ephriam Hyatt, Township Clerk. As\\nwe have been unable to find the poll list _of this first\\nelection, the memories of some of the^oldest and most\\nreliable citizens who participated in the election will\\nhave to be taken in lieu thereof. We are indebted\\nmore especially to Abijah Huyck and William Wolfe\\nfor the list as here given. There were about seven-\\nteen votes cast, viz.: John Huyck, Daniel G. Rouse,\\nAbijah Huyck, William Wolfe, Joseph Bair, Cyrus\\nGoff, Nathan Udell, Andrew Scott, Gurdon R. Beebe,\\nJoseph Haight, Moses Blanchard, Philo McOmber,\\nJohn Savage, E. Hyatt, Alfred Paine and Joseph P.\\nGilson. We cannot vouch positively as to the relia-\\nbility of all of these names, but they are probably\\ncorrect.\\nThe following is a list of the names of those who\\nvoted at the generarelection[held on the first Monday\\nand Tuesday of November, in 1843, as copied from\\nthe poll list: Cyrus Goff, John Savage, W. L.\\nWolfe, D. G. Rouse, Lewis Thomas, G. R. Beebe,\\nAndrew Scott, John C. Beebe, Joseph P. Gilson,\\nNathan Udell, John Huyck, Joseph Haight, Joseph\\nBennett, Joseph Blair, Samuel Cory, E. Hyatt and\\nA. Huyck, making seventeen votes in all, thirteen of\\nwhich were cast for John S. Barry and three for\\nZina Pitcher, the candidates for Governor. The\\ninspectors of the election were Daniel G Rouse, E.\\nHyatt, G. R. Beebe and Lewis Thomas the clerks\\nwere E. C. Goff and R. Snyder. It is distinctly re-\\nmembered by the old settlers that when this country\\nwas sparsely settled, two days were allowed for elec-\\ntion, and months passed before the official returns\\nwere received.\\nP0,ST^FF1CES.\\nFor a long time Marcellus was destitute of a post\\noffice, its citizens depending on outside offices, which\\nwere not so far distant but what they could be reached\\nin a half day s ride, at the longest, and it was cus-\\ntomary for the one going to the post office to bring\\nthe mail for the entire neighborhood.\\nThus time passed on until about the year 1857,\\nwhen the first arrangements were made for a post\\noffice in this township. The first post office was es-\\ntablished in the house of Harrison Dykeman.on Sec-\\ntion 14, who contracted to carry the mail to and from\\nhis house to Lawton, at leastonce a week, for what\\nhe could make out of the office. His revenue from\\nthis source sometimes ran as high as ;18 cents per\\nweek, but was frequently less any of the neighbors\\nwho had__business at Lawton acted in the capacity of\\nmail carriers forthattrip, thereby lessening the labors\\nof the postmaster. The first regular mail route\\nthrough Marcellus was established in 1860. and ex-\\ntended from Decatur to Three Rivers. The post\\noffice was located ^on_^ Section 16, at the house of\\nHorace Nottingham Mr. Nottingham was the post-\\nmaster for some time his successor was Moses E.\\nMessenger, who also kept the office at his house. The\\nother postmasters, in the order_ of their succession,\\nare L. C. Burney, Sophrony Burney (son and daughter\\nof Thomas Burney), he, Thomas, having erected a\\nbuilding and opened up a store where the village of", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0606.jp2"}, "607": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n399\\nMarcellus now stands the office at this time was\\nkept in Burney s store, by Richard Shaffer; B. F.\\nHughes succeeded them, and he was succeeded by\\nW. 0. Mathews, who is the present postmaster. When\\nthe railroad was completed through Marcellus, the\\noriginal mail route was taken up and established from\\nDecatur to Cassopolis, and thence to Marcellus and\\nThree Rivers.\\nKARLY EVENTS.\\nJohn Huyck, assisted by his son Abijah, set out the\\nfirst orchard in 1837. The first marriage was that\\nof William Wolf to P. Goff in 1840. William\\nBair, son of Joseph Bair, was the first white child\\nborn in the township. The death of Frederick Goff\\nwas probably the first. The road running east and\\nwest through the township was the first one laid out.\\nThe first saw mill, known as the Bair Mill, was built\\nabout 1844 on Section 24.\\nMARCELLUS VILLAGE.\\nIn 1868, George W. Jones purchased 211 acres of\\nland on which Marcellus is now located for ^1,300,\\nwhich was then considered an extravagant price.\\nBeing impressed with the belief, that, from its geo-\\ngraphical location in the center of the township,\\non the line of the railroad, and several miles distant\\nfrom any village, it would be an available site for a\\nvillage, he commenced at once to lay out a plat of\\none, and April 9, 1870, a plat was completed by\\nGeorge W. Jones, Leander Bridge, M. Snyder and\\nGeorge R. Roach, and recorded April 23, of this\\nyear.\\nDuring the year 1869, a few small business houses\\nwere erected. Thomas Burney was the first mer-\\nchant, John Manning kept the first grocery, Daniel\\nMorrison started the first blacksmith shop, and G.\\nDoolittle the first wagon shop Herman Chapman\\nkept the first hardware store, and Lewis Arnold, who\\nstill conducts a hotel, opened up the first one in the\\nplace.\\nIn 1879, through the influence of Nathan Osborn\\nand others, the village was incorporated.\\nDavid Snyder was the first village President elected,\\nand he still retains the position. Leander Bridge,\\nKenyon Bly, Warren 0. Matthews, Byron Beebe,\\nRoswell R. Beebe and Alexander Taylor were\\nelected Trustees; 1880, A. Taylor, F. S. Sweetland\\nand John Bair, and in 1881, A. Taylor, L. C. Bur-\\nney, Solomon Sterns and W. 0. Mathews. Clerk,\\n1879-80-81, L. (Buggert) Des Voignes. Treasurer,\\n1879-80-81, Dr. E. C. Davis. Assessor, 1879-80-\\n81, W. R. Snyder.\\nThe village has a population of 635, and contains\\nthree churches, a fine new brick schoolhouse (illustra-\\ntion elsewhere), one stave factory, one planing mill,\\ntwo carriage and wagon shops, four blacksmith shops,\\ntwo watchmakers, one steam saw-mill, four dry goods\\nstores, three drug and two furniture stores, three gro-\\nceries, one bakery, two boot and shoe stores, one news\\ndepot, one jewelry and two hardware stores, three\\nharness shops, three millinery establishments, three\\nhotels, two barber shops, two meat markets, one liv--\\nery stable, two saloons, one Alden fruit drier. The\\nprofessions are represented by two attorneys and four\\nphysicians. It also contains a private bank estab-\\nlished by George W. Jones some four years since,\\nwhose son, C. S. Jones, is cashier. During the last\\nwheat year, 180,000 bushels of wheat have been\\npurchased at this place, and it now contains two\\nelevators, one operated by steam, with a total capacity\\nof 25,000 bushels, which facilitates the handling of this\\nproduct. It also contains one weekly paper, the\\nMarcellus News.\\nMarcellus is a flourishing, go-ahead place, and its\\ninhabitants profess great faith in its future.\\nThe Marcellus Agricultural Society s grounds lie\\nclose to this village, and sixteen acres were inclosed\\nfor the purposes of the society in 1878. This was\\nstarted as a private enterprise, and has thus far\\nmeasurably succeded.\\nMARCELLUS UNION SCHOOL.\\nIn 1873, School District No. 9, which comprises\\nthe present district of Marcellus Village, was organ-\\nized, previous to which time the Bly Schoolhouse was\\nused by this district. At the first annual school\\nmeeting, David Snyder was elected Director, Nathan\\nOsborn, Moderator, and George Roach. Assessor.\\nIn confirmity to a resolution passed that they\\nerect a brick schoolhouse, George W. Jones, Leander\\nBridge and David Hain, were appointed a Building\\nCommittee, and in due course of time, a one story\\nbrick building, 24x36, was erected at an expense of\\n$1,000. In 1876, to accommodate the increased\\nnumber of scholars, a second story was added to this\\nbuilding, at an expense of $844, and two teachers\\nemployed, Mr. Lowy being the Principal and Mrs.\\nFrank Beck the Assistant. Two years later, the\\nscholars had still further increase in numbers, so that\\nSchaffer s Hall was engaged and a third teacher, Mr.\\nE. M. Kechum employed. Centennial Hall di i\\nduty as a school-room the succeeding year. In 1880,\\nMarcellus began to assume considerable importance,\\nhaving long since outgrown the confines of a common\\ndistrict school, and accordingly, in the fall of this\\nyear, the District Board resolved to erect a school\\nbuilding to correspond with the requirements made\\nfor such an edifice, and George W. Jones, David", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0607.jp2"}, "608": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSnyder, John Manning, Alec Taylor, Manning Tay-\\nlor and Dr. A. Carbine were appointed a Building\\nCommittee, and as a result of their labors can now be\\nseen, located on the south side of the village, a very\\nfine two story brick school building, surrounded with\\nthree acres of land, purchased for school purposes,\\nwhich contains a beautiful grove of native growth.\\nIt was completed in the fall of 1881, at an expense\\nof ^8,000, and reflects great credit upon the enter-\\nprise and public spirit of the citizens of this place\\nwho have anticipated the future. The building is\\n36x66, with an addition of a tower 6x24. It con-\\ntains four recitation-rooms; seats 350 scholars, and\\ncontains the modern appliances for school teaching.\\nThe school has been divided into three departments,\\nincluding the Grammer school. Intermediate and\\nPrimary, and the course of study embraces nine\\ngrades.\\nOn another page will be found a fine illustration of\\nthe present school edifice.\\nWAKKLEE.\\nThis village is situated on the corner of the four\\ntownships of Marcellus, Volinia, Newberg and Penn,\\nand was laid out in 1871 by Levi Garwood. In\\n1873, additions were made by George W. Jones and\\nOrson Rudd. It now contains a population of 150,\\nand has one general store, one hotel, one blacksmith\\nshop and one steam saw-mill. It is situated on the\\nGrand Trunk Railroad, and a large amount of lumber\\nand wood is shipped from this point. B. F. Higgin.s\\nis the principal business man of this village.\\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL THURCH.\\nIn 1838, at the house of Joseph Bair, Rev. D.\\nThorp held the first religious services conducted by a\\nMethodist clergyman in Marcellus Township. Miss\\nCorey, now Mrs. Wood, of Silver Creek, walked five\\nmiles to act as chorister on this occasion. The first\\nMethodist class was organized in 1842, with Mr.\\nTappin as leader. Isaiah and Sarah Lutes, father\\nand mother of William Lutes, now of Marcellus,\\nwere among the first members. Soon after this a\\nprotracted meeting was held one mile east of Ely s\\nCorners, by Rev. D. Thorp and Milo Corey, and fif-\\nteen persons were organized into a class. About the\\nsame time. Rev. D. Thorp preached in the northeast\\npart of the township at the residence of Mr. Udell.\\nThe following year, religious services were held at the\\nlog schoolhouse in the Patrick neighborhood, and a\\nclass of seven members established. But in 1844,\\nRev. D. Thorp s license to preach was not renewed,\\nthough his character passed and his usefulness was\\nunquestioned. This action left these places without\\na pastor, and these classes soon went down. This\\nfield was almost forsaken by the Methodists until 1862,\\nwhen Rev. H. Hulbert was sent to Flatbush Circuit.\\nCommenced religious services and established a class\\nat Bly s Schoolhouse. Rev. J. J. Ubrich, Rev. H.\\nHulbert, Rev. J. H. Pitzel and W. C. Williams also\\npreached on this charge. But very little was accom-\\nplished for Methodism in Marcellus until 1874, when\\nRev. John Byrnes, a local preacher of Pokagon, was\\nsent here by Rev. J. W. Robinson, Presiding Elder.\\nBy his indefatigable labors, a beautiful brick church,\\nwhich is to-day an ornament to the village of Mar-\\ncellus, was built and dedicated, entirely free from\\ndebt. Rev. John Byrnes was followed by Rev. M.\\nEdee, and he was succeeded by Rev. I. Wilson, who\\nremained two years and accomplished a grand work.\\nUnder his pastorate the church and Sabbath school\\nwere firmly established. Rev. I. Wilson was followed\\nby Rev. J. N. Dayton,. and he in turn by Rev. L. S.\\nMathews, each remaining one year. Rev. I. Wilson\\nwas followed by Rev. P. J. Hankinson, who remained\\none year. His report for the conference year ending\\nSeptember, 1881, was as follows Number of mem-\\nbers, 103 value of church property, $8,300. This\\nincludes the parsonage. The present pastor is G. C.\\nElliott, by whom most of the above account was fu r-\\nnished. The church sustains a flourishing Sabbath\\nschool.\\nUNITED BRETHREN CHURCH.\\nA United Brethren class was organized in Marcel-\\nlus Township, at the BIy Schoolhouse, by Rev. Mr.\\nForbes, about 1853. The first meetings of this society\\nwere held at different places, more especially in\\nschoolhouses. Regular meetings were not at all\\ntimes sustained. As time passed on the society\\nbecame stronger and preaching became more regular,\\nuntil in the fall of 1876, a United Brethren Church\\nwas erected in the village of Marcellus. Revs.\\nHenry Snapp, S. Chapman and Reams are among\\nthe number whose labors have been most efficient in\\nbuilding up the church. George Huber was the first\\nleader, Leander Bridge acting in this capacity for a\\nnumber of years. The present leader is Marion Bair.\\nThe society has sustained a Sabbath school nearly all\\nthe time since its organization. There are at this\\ntime about thirty members in good standing.\\nEVANGELICAL CHURCH.\\nThe Evangelical Church of Marcellus Township\\nwas organized by Rev. C. S. Brown. March 25, 1868.\\nAt the time of its organization twenty-two members\\nwere received into full membership. Meetings were\\nheld in different places until December 29, 1872,\\nwhen a church building was completed and dedicated", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0608.jp2"}, "609": {"fulltext": "2m^\\nV 5,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0609.jp2"}, "610": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0610.jp2"}, "611": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHICxAN.\\nin the village of Marcellus. The ministers who have\\nlabored in this charge are here given in the order of\\ntheir succession, which is as follows Revs. E. B.\\nMiller and T. N. Davis, who continued until April 1,\\n1870 Revs. Davis and West, until April 1, 1871\\nRevs. S. Copley and Loos, until April 1, 1872; Rev.\\nS. Copley, continued till August, 1872, in which time\\nthe society commenced building the church Rev. S.\\nCopley resigned and Rev. A. Russell took his place\\nand remained till April 1, 1873; Revs. E. B. Miller i\\nand J. W. Loos, until April 1, 1874; Rev. Keeler,\\nuntil April 1, 1875; Rev. Young, until April 1,\\n1877 Rev. Regal, until 1878 Rev. J. Frye, until\\n1879; Rev. J. Paulin, until April 1. 1880 Rev. G.\\nH. Hetter, until April 1, 1881, and was succeeded\\nby Rev. A. Russell, who is the present minister.\\nJoseph Krise was the leader for a number of years\\nthe present leader is Simeon J. Brown.\\nMASONIC LODGE.\\nMarcellus Lodge, No. 291, A., F. A. M., was\\norganized November 4, 1870, under a dispensation\\ngranted by Grand Master A. F. Metcalf, who author-\\nized and appointed John M. Hoisington W. M., L.\\nW. Schall, S. W., and Harvey C. Lambert, J. W.\\nAt the organization meeting, the following additional\\nofficers were elected\\nC. 0. Vose, Secretary; W. 0. Mathews, Treasurer;\\nPeter Schall, S. D.; F. A. Taylor, J. D.; and N. J.\\nHuber, T iler.\\nThe number of members at the present time is\\nsixty-nine. Regular meetings Saturday evenings on\\nor before the full of the moon. The fraternity own a\\npleasant and commodious lodge room in the brick\\nblock on the corner of Main and Center streets. The i\\nroom is handsomely furnished and the lodge is in a\\nflourishing condition.\\nODD KKLLOWS L(iD(iE.\\nThe hall of the Iron Hand Lodge, No. 223, I. 0.\\nF., was burned December 27, 1877. The records,\\nregalia, furniture and other effects were all consumed\\nby the flames, hence we have been unable to get a full\\nreport of its organization and history.\\nThe names of the principal officers who were first\\n1 elected wore given by a member of the order accord-\\ning to his recollection, and are as follows 0. H. s\\nFisher, N. G.; J. N. Sherman, V. G.; T. J. Van-\\nsickel, R. S.; W. W. Van Aiken, P. S.; and John\\nManning, Treasurer. The lodge was young and weak\\nat the time of the fire and illy prepared to withstand\\nsuch a loss as befell it but it has fully recovered and\\nis at tliis time in a prosperous condition.\\nSCHOOL HISTORY.\\nImprovements of every kind went hand-in-hand,\\nand every eff ort was made from the outset by the peo-\\nple to advance all their interests. Schools were not\\nforgotten, although for several years it was impossible\\nto maintain schools that would accommodate the chil-\\nof the diff erent parts of the township, so sparsely was\\nit settled. District No. 1 was what was known as the\\nBair District, the schoolhouse was located on Section\\n24. It was a small log house with stick chimney and\\nopen fire-place. District No. 2 was known as the\\nRouse District, the house is located on Section 21,\\nabout a fourth of a mile north of the Patrick School-\\nhouse. This is where the first school was taught in\\nthe township. Both of these schoolhouses were pro-\\nbably built the same year, about 1840. The first ped-\\nagogues were Delia Huyck, Joel Lutes, Rosetta Huyck,\\nMartha Goff. Deborah Snyder, Harriet Lutes, Hen-\\nrietta Corey, Sarah Ann Swift.\\nSchools were taught in each of those districts be-\\nfore their organization, but we have been unable to find\\nany reports concerning them until after this time.\\nAt the present time the township has nine school\\ndistricts, in all of which are school buildings, many\\nof which are new. Districts No. 8 and 9 have brick\\nbuildings, and the rest are frame structures. There\\nare 564 children between the ages of five and twenty\\nyears number of volumes in the library^ 70 value\\nof. school property, $9,150 amount of money paid\\nto male teachers, .t77 to female teachers, $715.70\\nseating capacity of school rooms, 651.\\nThe above is an abstract of school reports for\\n1881.\\nCIVIL LIST.\\nThe following are the principal township officers\\nthat have been elected since the organization of the\\ntownship down to the present time, as taken from the\\nelection returns\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nDaniel G. Rouse, 1843; Daniel G. Rouse. 1844\\nE. C. Goff 1845; E. C Gofi 1846; Joseph Haight,\\n1847; Daniel G. Rouse, 1848; Daniel G. Rouse,\\n1849; Daniel G. Rouse, 1850; Henry McQuigg,\\n1851; Henry McQuigg, 1852; Henry Mc(, iiigg,\\n1853; Henry W. Bly, 1854 William P. Bennett,\\n1855; William P. Bennett, 1856; H. Dykeman,\\n1857 William P. Bennett, 1858 M. E. Messenger,\\n1859; William P. Bennett, 1860 William P. Ben-\\nnett, 1861; William P. Bennett, 1862; William P.\\nBennett, 18G3 William P. Bennett, 1861; John C.\\nBradt, 1865; John C. Bradt, 1866; William P. Ben-\\nnett, 1867 William P. Bennett, 1868; John C.\\nBradt, 1869; John C. Bradt, 1870; John C. Bradt,", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0611.jp2"}, "612": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0402\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n1871; Thomas McKee, 1872; John 0. Bradt, 1873;\\nA. F. Caul, 1874 A. F. Caul, 1875 A. F. Caul,\\n1876; A. F. Caul, 1877; A. F. Caul, 1878; A. F.\\nCaul, 1879; A. F. Caul, 1880; A. F. Caul, 1881.\\nTREASURERS.\\nG. R. Beebe, 1843; Joseph Bair, 1844; Joseph\\nBair, 1845 J. B. Lutes, 1846 Joseph Bair, 1847\\nJoseph Bair, 1848; .Joseph Bair, 1849; E. Corn-\\nstock, 1850; E. Comstock, 1851; Mathew Gibson,\\n1852; Thadeus Oaks, 1853; Leander Bridge, 1854\\nFredrick Patrick, 1855; Fredrick Patrick, 1856;\\nFredrick Patrick, 1857 R. R. Beebe, 1858 D. T.\\nBaldwin, 1859; D. T. Baldwin, 1860; John Man-\\nning, 1861; John Manning, 1862; W. 0. Matthews,\\n1863; J. M. Housington, 1864; W. 0. Matthews,\\n1865 John Manning, 1866 John Manning, 1867\\nJohn Manning, 1868 John Manning, 1869 John\\nManning, 1870; John Manning, 1871; John Man-\\nning, 1872 John Manning, 1873; John Manning,\\n1874; John Manning, 1875; Warren 0. Matthew,s,\\n1876; Warren 0. Matthews, 1877; J. A. Jones,\\n1878 C. S. Jones, 1879 N. W. Bucklin, 1880\\nJohn Manning, 1881.\\nCLERKS.\\nEphraim Hyatt. 1843; Ephraim Hyatt, 1844 0.\\nC. Lumbard, 1845; 0. C. Lumbard, 1846; William\\nL. Wolfe, 1847 Henry jMcQuigg, 1848 Henry Mc-\\nQuigg, 1849; Henry McQuigg, 1850; 0. Blanchard,\\n1851 0. Blanchard, 1852 J. B. Lutes, 1853 J.\\nB. Lutes, 1854; William L. Wolfe, 1855; J. B.\\nLutes, 1856; J. M. Lutes, 18.57; W. 0. Matthews,\\n1858; W. 0. Matthews, 1859; H. Dykeman, 1860;\\nJ. B. Lutes, 1861; H. J. Ohls, 1862; C. 0. Vose,\\n1863; C. 0. Vose, 1864; C. 0. Vose, 1865;\\nGideon Beebe, 1866 C. 0. Vose, 1867 H. J. Ohls,\\n1868: H. J. Ohls, 1869; H. J. Ohls, 1870; H. J.\\nOhls, 1871; G. M. D. Clemment, 1872; H. J. Ohls,\\n1873; H. J. Ohls, 1874; S. D. Perry, 1875; S. D.\\nPerry, 1876; H. C. Lambert, 1877 l. J. Hoising-\\nton, 1878; L. J. Hoisington, 1879; A. M. Moon,\\n1880; H. 0. Lambert, 1881.\\nBIOGRAPIIKJAL SKETCHES.\\n(5E0UGK W. JONES.\\nSome men adapt themselves to circumstances and\\nothers boldly push forward and make their own, and\\nof this latter class is George W. Jones, who was born\\nin Preble County, Ohio, April 3, 1824, and is the son\\nof Henry and Hannah Jones. He came with his\\nparents to Cass County in the fall of 1830, and settled\\non Young s Prairie, where he grew to manhood estate\\nwith little to note other than what befalls the usual\\nlot of pioneer farmers sons. In the spring of 1849,\\nthe golden fields of California attracted him thither-\\nward, and he turned his attention to mining. In\\nabout two years, learning that unless extraordinary\\nefforts were put forth, his father s valuable estate of\\n900 acres would be lost, he returned home with a\\nfirm determination to do his share towai-d saving it.\\nSix weeks after his return, his father died, leaving on\\nhis shoulders the weight of the business, he being ap-\\npointed administi-ator. Good financiers said the estate\\ncould never pay its debts, but nothing daunted, he\\nset himself to work, and with the assistance of two\\nyounger brothers, F. H. and J. G. Jones, after a term\\nof eleven years, by good financiering, economy and\\nlabor, was enabled to divide $22,000 among the eleven\\nheirs. Having bought out some of the other heirs,\\nhe erected on the farm the present fine residence of\\nhis brother, Jesse G., to whom he disposed of the\\nproperty.\\nTwo years subsequent to this he, in company with\\nOrson Rudd, purchased 207 acres, on which is now\\nlocated the village of Wakelee, and now owns three-\\nfourths of the original purchase.\\nIt was at this time that his wisdom and foresight\\nwas brought into requisition, for following the line of\\nthe railroad with a prophetic eye, he concluded that,\\nfor its location, the place where Marcellus now stands\\nwas an eligible site for a village, he accordingly pur-\\nchased 211 acres, at what was then considered an\\nextravagant price, $13,000, and in 1868 commenced\\nto lay out a village, and with what success the reader\\ncan learn by perusing the history of Marcellus Village.\\nAbout four years since, becoming impressed with\\nthe fact that his protege, the village of Marcellus,\\nneeded a bank, he, without any knowledge of the\\nintricacies of the business, immediately opened up one\\nwith his son, C. S. Jones, as cashier, and he has been\\nsuccessful beyond his most sanguine expectations. In\\nfact, success seems to crown his every effort, for, in addi-\\ntion to industry and perseverance, he is possessed of fine\\nbusiness and executive ability. Mr. Jones mentions\\namong his friends and advisors W. G. Beckwith, Judge\\nA. J. Smith and others, but more especially Asa\\nKingsbury. December 28, 1853, he married Emma\\nB., daughter of E. B. Sherman, of Cassopolis, who\\ndeceased November 20, 1870, and by whom he had\\ntwo sons Frank S. and Carroll S. March 15, 1876.\\nhe was united in marriage with Lizzie Osborn, and\\nthey have been blessed with two children Henry B.,\\nVera Mary.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0612.jp2"}, "613": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0613.jp2"}, "614": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0614.jp2"}, "615": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nABI.TAH IHYCK.\\nJohn Huyck was born in the State of New York\\nSeptember 27, 1783, and deceased in Marcellus Sep-\\ntember 15, 1881. He emigrated to Ohio, and from\\nthence to Lanavee County, Mich., in 1826, and ten\\nyears later came to Nicholsville, Cass County, where\\nhe labored for about three years in running a mill\\nerected by Alexander Copley. May 3, 1836, he entered\\n160 acres of land in Marcellus Township, to which\\nthere was no road, and he and his sons, who com-\\nmenced almost immediately to improve it, followed an\\nIndian trail to their new home, where a rude log\\nhouse was erected, a small spot of land cleared, and\\none hundred apple-trees set out, Mr. Huyck believ-\\ning in the early introduction of fruit trees. The\\ntownship at this time had only three other resident\\nfamilies. Mr. Huyck and his wife, Mary Christie,\\nwho was born August 11, 1792, and deceased May\\n27, 1851, were the parents of ten children, eight of\\nwhom accompanied them to this section of the coun-\\ntry. Their names are as follows Richard J., who\\nresides in Volinia Catherine A., in Iowa Eveline and\\nDelia, in Manistee Norman, in Missouri William F.\\nand Rosetta, who are deceased Edward, George 0.\\nand Abijah, the subject of this sketch, who was born\\nin Delaware County, N. Y., October 18, 1818. Abi-\\njah, who was the eldest son at home, worked for his\\nfather until twenty-six years of age, as the family\\nwas large, and his services needed, which mark of\\nfilial duty is characteristic of the man. Two years\\nlater, when in his twenty-eighth year, and f200 in\\ndebt, he borrowed $25 and entered forty acres of land,\\nand commenced the laborious task of clearing it up,\\nand he can date his success in life from this starting-\\npoint. Although of slight physique, he was endowed\\nby nature with unusual vitality, and has labored not\\nonly hard, but incessantly. W-li^iiot working on the\\nfiirm, through the long winter days, for twenty -five\\nyears he engaged in coopering, and no matter what\\npleasure or recreation he indulged in, the time spent\\nwas always earned in advance in the cooper shop by\\noverwork, it being one of his principles to waste no\\ntime.\\nIn 1862, he erected a saw-mill on the Big Creek in\\nSection 29, and gave considerable attention to the\\nlumber business for a number of years. Notwith-\\nstanding his other enterprises, he paid much attention\\nto agriculture, and the small farm of forty acres in\\ncreased year by year until at one time he possessed\\n487 acres of land, and at the present time has one of\\nthe best farms in the township, and a commodious farm\\nliouse with suitable barns. A view of his residence\\nwill be found on another page. Mr. Huyck, who is\\nthe oldest pioneer now living in his township, enjoys\\nthe reputation of being a thorough business man, and\\namong the best and most liberal farmers in the coun-\\nty. He has always taken a deep interest in educa-\\ntional affairs of his township, and donated liberally to\\nthe building of the first schoolhouse. Mr. Huyck is\\na great lover of the manly sport of hunting, and in\\nhis early youth and manhood had ample opportunity\\nto indulge in this sport, the woods being filled with\\ngame, and for fifteen years, from the first of October\\nup to the holidays, he killed no less than seventy-five\\nand as high as a hundred deer. He was accounted\\nthe best shot in the county, and his presence at a\\nshooting match, once a great source of amusement\\namong the people, was the signal for the death of nu-\\nmerous turkeys, he shooting from forty to 100 rods\\nwithout rest. As a consequence, his ritle vvas always\\nin demand, and in fifteen years he sold fourteen rifles\\nto anxious purchasers.\\nHe was united in marriage December 5, 1847, to\\nSila Christie, and is the father of seven children, as\\nfollows Mary S., John E., Arthur W., Alice A.,\\nHerbert A., Ernest W. and Mabel.\\nWARREN O. MATTHEWS.\\nWarren 0. Matthews was born in Penfield Town-\\nship, Monroe County, N. Y., May 7, 1822, and\\nis the son of Jabez and Elenor (Finley). His father\\ndied when he was but eight years of age, and his\\nmother soon thereafter opened a boarding house to ob-\\ntain money with which to support her family of three\\nchildren, to whom she was devoted. She, having\\nmarried again in 1832, came to the State of Ohio,\\nHuron County, Township of Milan, and Warren 0.\\naccompanied her and his step-father to Michigan in\\n1837, and they settle in Porter Township, Van\\nBuren County, and here it was at sixteen years of age\\nthat he completed his education in a log schoolhouse.\\nHis education up to this time had been confined to\\nwhat he could learn during the winter months, for,\\nowing to the straitened circumstances of the family,\\nhe was obliged to work on a farm during the summer.\\nBeing of a naturally robust constitution, his early\\nlabors eminently fitted him for his new home in the\\nWestern woods, where hard labor was necessary even\\nto an existence. The wages at this time were only 50\\ncents per day, and being ambitious and unusually\\nskillful with an ax, he soon commenced the laborious\\nbut more remunerative task of clearing land by the\\njob, and was so successful that before attaining his\\nmajority he purchased forty acres, which was in turn\\ncleared and disposed of to advantage. Eighty acres\\nof wild land was next purchased and cleared up for a\\nhome,. and no one knows better than Mr. M:itthcws", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0615.jp2"}, "616": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nthe labor incident to this undertaking. In 1855, he\\npurchased 120 acres in Section 1, Marcellus Town-\\nship, which he still retains, although a resident of the\\nvillage. Naturally very public spirited, when the\\nproject of the Peninsular, now Grand Trunk, Railroad\\nwas proposed, its managers found in him a stanch\\nsupporter and hearty worker. He never ceased his\\nlabors until the road was a de facto, and then was\\nappointed the first Station Agent, and subsequently\\nthe first Express Agent in this place, and is now\\nfilling the responsible position of Postmaster. As a\\nmember of the Masonic fraternity, he has been Treas-\\nurer of Marcellus Lodge, No. 292, since its organiza-\\ntion, and one of the board since Marcellus been in-\\ncorporated as a village. Plain and unpretentious in\\nstyle and manner, Mr. Matthews can be relied upon\\nat all times, and has always filled with honor to him-\\nself and constituents the different positions to which\\nhe has been elevated. July 4, 1844, he married\\nEmily Wood, by whom he had four children\\nLyman, William, Selenda and Eliza. Her death oc-\\ncurred January 3, 1864, and November 1, 1864, he\\nwas united in marriage to Sarah E. Tisdale, and two\\nchildren have blessed their union Wallace 0. and\\nStella B.\\n.TOHX C. BRADT.\\nCornelius J. Bradt and his wife, Margaret Veeder),-\\nwere both born in the town of Rotterdam, Schenec-\\ntady County, N. Y., and moved to the town of Cas-\\ntile, Wyoming County, of that State, where their son,\\nJohn C. Bradt, the subject of this sketch, was born\\nOctober 23, 1824. Although both his parents were\\nborn in this country, the Bradt family can trace their\\nancestry back to Holland. Mrs. Margaret Bradt\\ndeceased in 1871, while her husband, Cornelius J.,\\ndeparted this life March 3, 1882, at the advanced age\\nof eighty-six years.\\nJ. C. Bradt s opportunity for acquiring an educa-\\ntion was limited to district schools during the winter\\nmonths. After attaining the age of eleven years, ex-\\ncept thirty-eight months, which time was consumed\\nin attending a select school at Perry, Nunda Literary\\nInstitute and the Seminary at Lima but being of a\\nstudious nature, every opportunity for self-culture has\\nbeen seized with avidity, and they were very consider-\\nable during the next fourteen years, in which he was\\nengaged in school teaching during the winter season,\\nso that he is now in possession of an extensive fund\\nof information.\\nHe next turned his attention to merchandising, but\\none year as a clerk demonstrated the fact that it was\\nnot congenial employment, and having gathered to-\\ngether his worldly possessions, amounting to ^800, he\\nin 1856 came to Michigan, and purchased his present\\nfarm in Marcellus, when in a state of nature, and\\nsince then has devoted most of his attention to farm-\\ning, and has been very successful in his chosen occu-\\npation, his property being the result of his own indus-\\ntry. He is a man of keen perception, quick appre-\\nhension and sterling worth, and these qualities have\\nbeen fittingly acknowledged by the people of the\\ntownship, who have elected him to the oflSces of Path-\\nmaster, School Inspector and Supervisor, and by\\nthe people of the county, who elected him to fill the\\noffice of County Surveyor. Mr. Bradt did not suc-\\ncumb to the fascinating wiles of the fair sex until he\\nhad attained the age of forty years, when he, on August\\n17, 1865, met his fate in the person of Miss Elmina\\nBlakeslee, who was born in Perry, Wyoming County,\\nin 1834.\\nThey have been blessed with one child, Charles J.,\\nand are now together enjoying the confidence and\\nesteem of the community in which they reside. Mr.\\nBradt s religious affiliations are with the Baptist de-\\nnomination.\\n.JOHN SAVAGE.\\nThe progenitor of the Savage family, in this coun-\\ntry, was an officer in the army of Gen. Wolfe, who\\ncame to America about 1758. He took part in the\\nbattle of Quebec, and shortly after that event emi-\\ngrated to Massachusetts, settling near Salem, where\\nDaniel Savage, the father of John, the immediate\\nsubject of this memoir, was born. But little is known\\nof his history further than that he was a typical\\npioneer, hale, hearty and resolute even in his old age.\\nHe was married, in Salem, to a Miss Parish, and it\\nwas here that our subject was born, June 1, 1788.\\nAbout 1800, the family separated, a portion of them\\nremoving to Virginia, while the remainder emigrated\\nto the State of New York, the family of Daniel set-\\ntling in Washington County, where they remained\\nuntil about 1808, when they removed to Camillus,\\nOnondaga County, which, at this time, was on the ex-\\ntreme frontier. John was at this time in the prime\\nof his early manhood, and well fitted for the arduous\\nduties incident to the settlement of such a forbidding\\ncountry, and well prepared to undergo the severe\\nprivations and hardships of pioneer life, in a region\\nso far removed from civilization. Some idea can be\\nformed of their suff erings from the fact that during\\nthe first year of their residence there, over fifty heads\\nof families died. During the war of 1812, when an\\ninvasion by the British was threatened, he, with\\nothers, hastened to Sackett s Harbor and Oswego, to\\ndefend the frontier. In July of 1812, he was mar-\\nried to Miss Laura Patch, by whom he had two sons\\nHarrison H. and Lewis. Shortly after the birth of\\nthe second son, Mrs. Savage died, and in 1821 he", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0616.jp2"}, "617": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nwas again married to Miss Hannah Skinner, who was\\nborn in Vermont in November of 1803. She was a\\nlady of remarkable beauty, and possessed of many\\nennobling traits of character. Mr. Savage resided in\\nOnondaga several years after his last marriage, and\\nwas engaged in farming and at his trade that of a\\ncooper. From Onondaga he removed to Wayne\\nCounty, N. Y., and from thence to Ohio, where\\nhe remained until 1840, when he emigrated with\\nhis family to Cass County. He purchased a\\nfarm on Section 28, in the township of Marcel-\\nlus, where he was also a pioneer, the first settle-\\nments having been made only some three or four\\nyears previous. After a residence of sixteen years,\\nduring which time he became closely identified with\\nall the varied interests of the township, he removed to\\nCassopolis, but village life was not congenial, and he\\nyearned for the associations of farm life, and the\\nsociety of his children and neighbors, and he returned\\nto Marcellus, where he died at the home of his son-\\nin-law, Christopher Patrick, in November of 1878,\\nfull of days and honor. His wife died in Janu-\\nary of 1881. Mr. Savage was a pioneer in the fullest\\nand strictest sense of the term. Born in a new\\ncountry, and being so well qualified, both mentally\\nand physically, for pioneer life, he became one of that\\nband of adventurous characters who preceded civiliza-\\ntion in its westward march. He was a man of great\\nnatural ability. His youth and early manhood were\\npassed far beyond the limits of educational opportuni-\\nties, but this deficiency was more than made up in after\\nyears, by extended reading and close observation, aided\\nby the possession of an extraordinary memory. He was\\nwell versed in history, both civil and political, and it\\nis said that he was able to give from memory, with\\nremarkable accuracy, all of the important events in\\nAmerica s history. He was possessed of a large fund\\nof general information, and in many things was re-\\ngarded as an oracle. His physical, moral and intel-\\nlectual powers were harmoniously blended, and he\\nretained them in full perfection to the last. He was\\na man of noble impulses, and with that innate sense of\\nright that made his name a synonym for integrity and\\ngenerosity. His social qualities were marked, and,\\nperhaps, no one stood higher in public esteem than\\nhe.\\nAs before stated, he was twice married, first, to Miss\\nLaura Patch, of CamiUus, N. Y. By this union\\nthere were two children Lewis and Harrison H.,\\nthe former of whom, at the time of his death, was a\\nresident of Oregon, where, by superior ability, he had\\nattained prominence in many ways. He was a prom-\\ninent member of the State Senate from 1872 to 1874.\\nThe latter is a resident of Junction City, Kansas.\\nBy the second marriage there were thirteen children,\\nthree of whom died in infancy. The remaining ten\\ngrew to maturity, and death did not again invade the\\nfamily circle until March, 1863, when Henry, the\\nsecond son, was killed at the battle of Spring Hill.\\nThree other sons John, George and Frank did\\nhonor to the family name in the war of the rebellion.\\nWith the exception of two daughters Laura and\\nElizabeth, deceased (the former in Minnesota and the\\nlatter in Michigan) all of the family are living,\\namong whom are George and Frank, prominent farm-\\ners of Marcellus.\\nHENLEY W. BLY.\\nThe history of Marcellus would be incomplete\\nwithout a sketch of Henley W. Bly, one of the pio-\\nneers who has gone to his long rest. He was born in\\nthe State of Rhode Island, July 29, 1812, and moved\\nfrom there to Greene, Chenango County, N. Y., where\\nhe learned the harness-maker s trade. Thinking a\\nchange of location desirable, he moved to Manchester,\\nOntario County, in the same State, andthere, in addition\\nto his trade, he devoted considerable attention to law\\npractice. Although not a regular practitioner, by due\\ndiligence he became possessed of much legal lore, and\\nManchester being but six miles from Canandaigua, Mr.\\nnow Senator Lapham, Mark H. Sibley and Mr. Wil-\\nson, all attorneys of the latter place, intrusted much\\nbusiness to his care, and he became conversant with\\nthe law practice of that State.\\nWhile a resident here, in 1840, he was united in\\nmarriage with Miss Louisa Cook.\\nFrom Manchester they moved to Royalton, N. Y.,\\nand two years later, in 1852, came to Michigan and\\npurchased land in Marcellus Township, which was\\nalmost in a state of nature, and here he applied him-\\nself assiduously to the task of clearing up and im-\\nproving a wild farm, although laboring under physi-\\ncal embarrassment, for, while young, an overdose of\\ncalomel so afflicted him that he was quite lame. Here\\nit was that the true heroism of his wife displayed\\nitself, for, although reared in luxury, she adapted her-\\nself to existing circumstances and did not disdain to\\nassist in outdoor work in order that they might suc-\\nceed, and it is conceded that she did her part faith-\\nfully and well. With such a wife, and fine business\\nmanagement on his part, it is no wonder that success\\ncrowned their efforts and that he became one of the\\nmost wealthy and extensive land owners and dealers\\nin the township, and bis farm buildings among the\\nbest.\\nFor a long time after coming to the township, it\\npossessed no attorney and did much legal business,\\nand in addition, although a Democrat, and this a", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0617.jp2"}, "618": {"fulltext": "HlSTOliY OF f ASS COUNTY, MlCllKiAN.\\nRepublican township, he served in the elective office\\nof Justice of the Peace for twenty-six years. He\\nwas a man of public spirit and was always ready to\\nencourage public enterprises, and as an illustration,\\nnot only gave $500, but the right of way across his\\nfarm, to the railroad that passes through this township.\\nMay 21, 1869, he mourned the death of his loved\\ncompanion, and January 16, 1871, he filled the\\nvacancy in his home by a marriage with Miss Nellie\\nCook, a sister of his first wife, who is a most estima-\\nble and highly esteemed lady and who now resides in\\nMarcellus, in widowhood, Mr. Bly having deceased\\nJanuary 6, 1877, leaving no children.\\nROSWELL K. I3EEBE.\\nThe subject of this sketch, Roswell R. Beebe, was\\nborn in Wilkesbarre, Luzerne County, Penn., Novem-\\nber 3, 1806, and was the sixth child of the eight chil-\\ndren of Gideon and Lina Beebe, both natives of Con-\\nnecticut. In 1821, he removed with his parents to\\nHuron County, Ohio, and there learned the mason s\\ntrade, whicR he followed until coming to Marcellus\\nTownship in 1848, and locating on Section 1. By\\npatient industry and economy he has succeeded in ac-\\ncumulating a competency, and for the last six years\\nhas been a resident of Marcellus, where he is enjoy-\\ning the fruits of a well-spent though uneventful life, sur-\\nrounded by his family. Although a stanch Republican,\\nhe has taken no active part in politics, preferring\\nthe quiet of home life to the active scenes of political\\nwarfare. January 20, 1832, he married Pamelia\\nLatham, by whom he had four children, viz.: Gideon,\\nSally, Emory and Bruce. The second and third are\\ndeceased. Mrs. Beebe died September 11, 1840, and\\nOctober 14, 1841, Mr. Beebe married Mary Young,\\nand the fruits of their union have been four children,\\ntwo of whom, Byron R. and Weltha, reached man-\\nhood s estate. Mrs. Beebe has performed well her\\npart in life s labors and is entitled to credit therefor.\\nDuring their pioneer days, she cheerfully responded\\nto the many calls for assistance, and her cheerful pres-\\nence at the bedside of those prostrated by disease\\nwas most highly valued, she being known by the affec-\\ntionate title of Aunt Mary by a large circle of friends\\nand acquaintances.\\nCHAPTER XXXVIII.\\nMASON.\\nWhy not settled earlier\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Elani Beardsley the First Settler-Sad death\\notUarlus Beardsley\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The RossFamily\u00e2\u0080\u0094Jotham Curtis\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Mill-\\ners\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Laud Entries\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Erection of Mason Township\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Heligious\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nSchools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Initial Events\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biogi aphical.\\nTHERE is a peculiar felicity in bringing to light\\nthe events of other days; of adding to the\\npages of history data that are almost lost to the mem-\\nory of man, are slowly but surely sinking into ob-\\nlivion of calling to the remembrance of the few now\\nremaining the scenes of their early toil and care, in\\nthe days when they were pioneers, many years ago,\\nand laying before the present generation the fruits of\\npioneer industry and enterprise.\\nAlthough in the direct line traveled by the earliest\\nsettlers who located in Ontwa and Pokagon Town-\\nships, they did not make Mason their home, because\\nof the numerous attractions afforded on Beardsley s\\nand other prairies of the county, which claimed their\\nattention, and not until they had been all located, and,\\nin fact, much land adjoining them taken up by actual\\nsettlers, did the first settler, Elara Beardsley, com-\\nmence pioneer life in this township, on the east half\\nof the southeast quarter of Section 12, which place\\nis now owned by Edward Pipher. He entered this\\nland January 4, 1830, and moved on it this year and\\nerected the first log cabin in the township. It was\\nalso on this farm that Mr. Beardsley, in 1830, set out\\nthe first apple-trees, which he brought from Butler\\nCounty, Ohio. The Beardsleys, as elsewhere noticed,\\nwere natural frontiersmen, and Elam was no exception,\\nfor in 1834, when settlers commenced making im-\\nprovements around him, he disposed of his farm to\\nAugustus Bird and emigrated to the far distant West.\\nThe first white child born in the township was David\\nBeardsley, son of Darius.\\nIn 1832, Darius Beardsley erected his humble log\\ncabin on Section 14, on the farm now owned by Elias\\nMinnich it was simple in construction, having a\\npuncheon fioor, shakes for shingles, and the capacious\\nchimney was constructed of mud and sticks, which\\nwere used in lieu of mortar and bricks, while the\\nback wall, or where the fire came in actual contact,\\nwas constructed of stone.\\nAt this time, they were comparatively alone, their\\nnearest neighbor, Elam Beardsley, residing in Section\\n12, the others living at Adamsville, five miles distant,\\nand Edwardsburg, four and a half miles but^ the\\nsolitude of this new country had charms for the ad-\\nventurous pioneer, who, with thoughts on the future,\\nwould forecast the time when fertile fields would yield\\nample returns for labor bestowed, and neighbors take\\nthe place of wolves, bears and deer, then to be found", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0618.jp2"}, "619": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n407\\nroaming through the b road expanse of territory, at\\nthis time unclaimed by actual settlers.\\nBut a terrible and totally unlooked-for calamity\\nwas to befall this, one of the first families in tiie town-\\nship, and cast a gloom over the adjoining settlement^\\nin Ontwa. One cold day in the winter of 1833\\nwhen the snow was two feet deep on the level, and the\\nwintry blasts went surging through the leafless forests,\\nMr. Beardsley went to Edwardsburg, the nearest\\ntrading point, after some necessities for the household,\\nand was detained until toward the shades of evening^\\nbefore starting out on foot and alone, for his solitary\\ncabin so many miles distant, and this was the last\\nseen of him alive. Not coming home for two or three\\ndays, the anxiety of his wife regarding his safety be-\\ncame intense, but she could not leave her small chil-\\ndren in the depths of winter, and go in search of him,\\nand could only wait in terrible suspense for some in-\\nformation concerning his welfare, and it came at last,\\nthrough some of their far-distant neighbors, who\\nfound him beside a tree frozen to death, only one-\\nhalf mile from home and family, where he had either\\nsat down to rest, and been unconciously wooed into\\ndeath by the extreme cold, or having lost his way in\\nthe darkness of the night, giving himself over to des-\\npair and death, after having totally exhausted his vital\\nenergies in fruitless endeavors to reach home. The\\nsad funeral rites were performed at Edwardsburg, to\\nwhich place the family shortly after removed, where\\nMr. Beardsley s brother Ezra lived, he being the first\\nsettler in that section, having removed his family\\nthere in 1826, after having spent the season before in\\nputting out some crops.\\nMr. Beardsley left eight children, only three of\\nwhom still survive Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Fulkerson\\nin Indiana, and Daniel, who resides in Section 13,\\nand was but eight years of age when he came to this\\ncounty with his father. Mr. Beardsley and his wife\\nCaroline (Moe), now have nine children living, two\\nboys and seven girls, and he is the only male repre-\\nsentative of the Beardsley family, who came in and\\npossessed the land at sucii an early period, they\\nhaving nearly all listened to their desire for frontier\\nlife, and pushed on toward the West.\\nAmong those who settled in 1832 was Levi Grant.\\nHe built a frame barn in 1834, and a frame house in\\n183G, probably the first erected in the township.\\nIn November, 1832, Jacob Ross, his wife Phoebe\\n(Curtis) and six children, and Jotham Curtis and\\nhis wife Elizabeth (Malison) and three children,\\nall left their home and started for the West,\\ntheir method of conveyance being four yoke of\\noxen and two span of horses attached to capacious\\nwagons, in which were stored numerous articles of\\nhousehold goods. Some of Mr. Curtis children went\\nto Canada to locate, but soon followed up their\\nparents, who performed the journey, three hundred\\nmiles, to Edwardsburg, in one month. They drove\\nthrough a quantity of cattle and hogs, which found\\nample pasturage in the woods and on the prairies,\\nin the summer months.\\nMr. Ross purchased a village lot in Edwards-\\nburg, for $12, and made that place his home for\\ntwo years, and in 1835 removed to eighty acres of\\nland entered for him, in Section 1 1, by his .son Richard,\\nand here he remained until his death. His widow\\nnow resides with her step-son, Richard Ross, who also\\nentered forty acres of land for himself in Section 14,\\nand on which he now resides, there being but one\\nother person in the township, as far as can be ascer-\\ntained, viz., Henry Arnold, who located 160 acres\\nOctober 5, 1835, in Section 12, who resides on land\\ntaken by them from Government. Richard Ross is a\\nship carpenter, and went to Detroit, where he worked\\nat his trade for nearly three years, and then labored\\nat carpenter and joiner work in this township until\\nremoving on his farm. His wife, Mahetable (Bogart),\\nis a daughter of John Bogart, who removed to Ed-\\nwardsburg, from Ohio, in 1828. They have been\\nblessed with three children Julia Ann, now Mrs.\\nOrt Samantha J., now Mrs. Luse both in Mason\\nand Jasper J., who still resides with his father.\\nJotham Curtis, before mentioned, purchased a farm\\nin Section 15, and remained there until his death,\\nwhich occurred in 1848, when in his eighty-ninth\\nyear. He was a Revolutionary pensioner, and his\\npension was received after his demise, by his widow,\\nwho was familiarly known as Granny Curtis by\\nall the early settlers within a large scope of surround-\\ning country, for she traveled long distances on horse\\nback, following old Indian trails, to the cabins of\\nsquatters, whose inmates were in distress and in need\\nof assistance. She was the mother of ten children,\\nand their numbers had multiplied so that at the time\\nof her death in 1878, when in her ninety-eighth\\nyear, her lineal descendants numbered 163. Jotham\\nCurtis, Jr., had the care of his parents until their\\ndeath, but he only survived his mother one year, and\\nas his wife deceased in 1864, the old farm is now\\nin possession of their daughter, Sophronia, who is\\nthe wife of Dr. H. E. Woodbridge, a graduate of\\nCleveland Medical College, but who is now engaged\\nin farming.\\nIt was but natural that those who sought to better\\ntheir condition by emigrating to the West, should as-\\nsociate themselves together on their journey, and this\\nwas frequently done to their mutual advantage\\nof companionship and assi.stance, but at the same", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0619.jp2"}, "620": {"fulltext": "408\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\ntime, was more frequently practiced by those bound\\ntogether by ties of relationship. Stewart C. Gardner\\nand his wife, Betsey (O Dell), with their six children,\\nin company with Simeon O Dell, his wife and four\\nchildren, all left Cuayhoga County, Ohio, October 16,\\n1838, en route for Illinois. At Cleveland, Ohio, they\\nmet a Mr. Stewart, who descanted at great length\\nupon the fertile territory of Michigan, and on reach-\\ning Baldwin s Prairie, they were constrained to remain,\\nand April 8, 183.5, Mr. Gardner purchased of the\\nGovernment forty acres in Section 13, on which he\\nremoved, and the succeeding year made an addition\\nof forty acres to his farm, and commenced the life of\\na pioneer. Being located on the old Territorial road,\\nhe soon commenced keeping tavern, and many a time\\nwas this modest hostelry filled to repletion, and the\\nfloor strewn with tired emigrants, who slept as soundly\\nas those favored with most luxurious apartments, for\\nthe people who first settled up this country were\\ninured to hardships, and considered themselves fort-\\nunate to be sheltered from the inclemencies of\\nthe weather. Of such material were the men and\\nwomen who boldly pushed on to the frontier and\\nperformed the initial labors in the country composed,\\nthat they disclaimed luxury, and gloried in their free-\\ndom of action, untrammeled by laws of fashion, each\\nbeing the peer of the other, true worth and not wealth\\nbeing the gauge by which all were measured, and if\\none sought for pure friendship, disinterested acts of\\nkindness and true philanthropy, no more fruitful\\nfield could be found than among the men of sterling\\nworth and true manhood who settled up this county.\\nHaving performed his allotted portion, Mr. Gardner\\ndied in 1872, at the advanced age of seventy-five\\nyears, and his wife, Betsey, July 2, 1881. This ven-\\nerable lady had the honor of being present when the\\nlate lamented James A. Garfield, President of the\\nUnited States, was ushered into the world, and of\\nfirst enrobing him in the clothing of infancy, and her\\npleasure was great to learn of his succession to the\\nPresidential chair. There is a strange coincidence\\nin the fact that she breathed her last on the same\\nday and hour in which the President received the\\nfatal shot fired by the assassin, C. J. Guiteau.\\nS. C. Gardner was blessed with six children Har-\\nriet, deceased Alvira (Mrs. Moe), in Nebraska\\nThomas J., in Dowagiac while Joseph, Julius M.\\nand H. A. are all residents of Mason, the latter re-\\nsiding on the old homestead, but devotes most of his\\nattention to the practice of his profession, that of\\nveterinary surgeon, his practice now extending over a\\nperiod of twenty-four years. In the early history of\\nthe family, there occurred a little incident that might\\nhave been fatal in its results. Harriet started for a\\nI neighbor s, named Nicholson, not far distant, mounted\\non a spirited horse, which possessed the peculiar fac-\\nulty of learning of the presence of Indians of whom he\\nstood in deadly fear through his olfactories. They\\nhad not progressed far before he commenced acting in\\na most unaccountable manner, rearing, snorting and\\nplunging, but refusing to go forward. Soon the objects\\nof his fear, the Indians, came into sight, in single file,\\nwhen he became utterly unmanageable, and plunged\\nthrough the woods at a terrible rate of speed, en-\\ndangering the life of his rider every instant, as he\\nalmost flew by, around and under the forest trees,\\ni not stopping in his mad career until home was\\nreached. The Indians, totally unconscious of the dis-\\ni turbance they had created, shortly after arrived at\\nthe cabin, and one of them, who was under the in-\\nfluence of liquor, became so insolent that the others\\ntook him behind the house and poured whisky down\\nhis throat remarking Heap bad Indian, make\\nhim so coekoosa (drunk), can t stir, which cer-\\ntainly was a very effective method of disposing of the\\nobstreperous savage, and one he would doubtless like\\nfrequently repeated, for the Indians were inordinately\\nfond of liquor.\\nIn 1835, there was a very large emigration to this\\ntownship, and nearly all of the land was entered,\\neither by settlers or speculators, during the year.\\nAmong others, who came into Mason in 1835, was\\nLyman Stevens, who came from Oneida County,\\nN. Y., via the Erie Canal to Buffalo, thence to Detroit\\nby boat. When having procured an ox team, he\\ntook his family to his sisters, just west of Ypsilanti\\nin Washtenaw County, and there left them, while he\\ncame and located eighty acres on Section 8, June 23,\\n1835. During the interim, his son, David R., then a\\nlad thirteen years of age, drove a breakingup\\nteam, the compensation being 25 cents per day.\\nMr. Stevens log cabin was roofed with bark, pealed\\nfrom the trees with which it was surrounded, and\\nits other rude appointments were in keeping. His\\nworldly possessions then consisted of a yoke of cattle,\\na wagon and $12 in cash, but he went bravely to\\nwork, and before his death, which occurred in April,\\n1813, fifty acres were reduced to a tillable shape. The\\nfirst winter of their residence in their new home,\\n500 Indians camped near their house, and were great\\nobjects of curiosity to the younger members of the\\nhousehold.\\nDavid R., before referred to, is the only one of his\\nfather s family residing in the county, and he is a\\nsuccessful farmer, made so by his own industry his\\nresidence is in Section 5 he claims to be the oldest\\nsettler who has lived continuously in the township, ex-\\ncept Mrs. B. Miller. He ran a breaking-up team", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0620.jp2"}, "621": {"fulltext": "f^^ru)\\n^.e/u^d^\\nPOLEMON SUTTON.\\nPolemon Sutton was born in Ulster County, N. Y.,\\nMarch 20, 1824, and is a son of Charles Sutton, who\\nwas born in Westchester County, N. Y., August 22,\\n1783, and departed this life January 17, 1870, and\\nDorcas (Kniffin) Sutton, who was born in the same\\ncounty as her liusband, February 26, 1785, and\\npassed over tlie mystical river to the other shore\\nAugust 2, 18(14. They had a family of nine chil-\\ndren, viz.: Merritt M., Phebe F., Elizabeth, Abi-\\ngail M., Poliiia, Lydia, Edwin, Polemon, Jane A.\\nIn 1834. Polemon, the subject of this sketch, accom-\\npanied his parents, who were fanners, to Sandusky\\nCounty, Ohio, from which place he came to Cass\\nCounty, in 1844, and on reaching iiere, his entire\\nworldly wealth consisted of He commenced as\\na farm hand at $10 per month, one-half store pay, but\\nbefore the season had passed concluded to commence\\nfarming on his own account, and having obtained a\\ncontract for eighty acres of land, returned to Ohio to\\nwork where money was more plenty. Returning, he\\ncommenced in earnest pioneer labor on his farm, and\\nbeing very active, energetic and industrious, evidences\\nof prosperity could soon be seen on every hand, and\\nbefore his death, which occurred July 18, 1865, 150\\nacres of fine farming land had been brought under\\ncultivation, and he considered one of the prominent\\nand progressive farmers of the township. Although\\nhis educational advantages were principally confined\\nto the district school, he thoroughly improved them\\nand became so conversant with the common branches\\nI^F^s. P. jK. s JttoK.\\nthat he became a very successful school teacher\\nseveral winter months being devoted to tliis calling.\\nWhatever he did at all was well done, and therein lay\\nthe key to his success. Originally a Democrat, on\\nthe formation of the Republican party, he became one\\nof its stanchest members, and during the war assist-\\ned in filling the quota of soldiers due from his town.\\nAlthough holding the offices of School Inspector and\\nTown Clerk, he was not a political aspirant, but always\\ntook an active part in political affairs in which he\\nevinced the greatest interest, and it is to such men in\\ntheir private capacity as citizens that a just and\\nequitable government looks for support. Although a\\nfirm believer in Christianity, he was not a member of\\nany religious organization. He was married May 13,\\n1852, to Phebe A. Moody, who was born in Medina\\nCounty, Oliio, July 12, 1833, and was a daughter of\\nEthan and Eccellann (Hatch) Moody, who came to\\nCass County in 1848, and remained here until their\\ndeaths, which occurred October 26, 1881, and De-\\ncember 21, 1865, respectively. Their family consisted\\nof four children Phebe A., Andrew J., Ethan A.\\nand Horace B. Mrs. Sutton is a lady of more\\nthan ordinary business ability, and now success-\\nfully conducts the farm left by her husband and\\ntheir fine farm buildings, an ornament to the town-\\nship, were completed under her supervision after tlie\\ndeath of her husbanil. She is the mother of two\\nchildren Lola M, and Emma, both of wliotn reside at\\nhome.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0621.jp2"}, "622": {"fulltext": "I", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0622.jp2"}, "623": {"fulltext": "H0[^. EDV/lf^ W.F^EY|v[0LDS.\\nV\\nHON. EDWIN W. REYNOLDS.\\nThis gentleman, for many years one of the promi-\\nnent citizens of the township of Mason, was born in\\nShoreham, Vt., in November of 1820. He was left\\nan orphan at the tender age of seven years, and his\\nboyhood days were replete with trials and hardships,\\nwhich no doubt developed many strong points in his\\ncharacter that otherwise might have remained latent.\\nNaturally observing, and possessing a strong analytical\\nmind, he foresaw, when a mere boy, the advantages\\narising from education. In various ways he earned\\nmoney sufficient to prepare himself for college, and in\\n1846 he graduated with honors from the Western Re-\\nserve College at Hudson, Ohio. Having a decided\\ntaste for the profession of law, he entered the office of\\nJames S. Carpenter, a prominent attorney of Akron,\\nOhio. After completing his legal studies, he was ad-\\nmitted to the bar, and shortly after established him-\\nself in the practice of his profession in Medina. Ohio.\\nAbout this time he met bis destiny in the person of\\nMiss Charlotte, daugTiter of Abel Dickinson, of Wads-\\nworth, Ohio, whom he married in June of 1851. He\\nremained in Medina in the practice of law for about\\nfour years, when failing health admonished him that\\na change in his business was necessary, and in 1854\\nhe came to Cass County, and located in Mason Town-\\nship, where he resided until his decease, which occurred\\nOctober 15, 1863, and was caused by his being thrown\\nfrom a wagon. The ability of Mr. Reynolds was soon\\nrecognized by the people of Mason, and he was called\\nupon to take a prominent part in its affiiirs. In his\\npolitical convictions he was originally a Whig, and\\nupon the formation of the Republican party he joined\\nits ranks, and although his party in Mason was very\\nlargely in the minority, he was elected as Supervisor\\nfor many years. In 1860, he received the nomina-\\ntion, and was elected to the representative branch of\\nthe Legislature, which position he filled to the satis-\\nfaction, of his constituents and with credit to himself.\\nAs a citizen, friend and neighbor, Mr. Reynolds was\\nuniversally esteemed, and in his untimely death Cass\\nCounty lost one of her most valuable citizens. His\\nwidow, now Mrs. D. M. Howell, resides in Penn.\\nTwo daughters, Ida and Julia B., live with their\\nmother, while the only son, KiikeW., is a resident of\\nKansas.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0623.jp2"}, "624": {"fulltext": "i", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0624.jp2"}, "625": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n4UU\\nfor many years, and engaged in threshing for twenty-\\nfour years, and purchased the first grain separator\\nbrought in the township which was constructed in\\nOntwa by an ingenious mechanic and millwright,\\nnamed David Thompson, who invented many things\\nconnected with the machine, although laboring under\\nvery great embarrassments, as all the castings had to\\nbe brought from other places. This was in 1847.\\nMr. Stevens brought the second portable steam engine\\ninto the county, Moses H. Lee, of Edwardsburg,\\npurchasing the first. Three children have been the\\nfruits of his union with Ellen E. (Roberts) Harriet\\nA., now Mrs. Ashley, in Kansas; George L., who is\\nin possession of a portion of the old farm, presented\\nby his father, and .John L., who resides at home.\\nThe Miller settlement, which numbered some\\ntwenty persons, was the largest in the township, and\\nconsisted of F. W. Miller, his wife Belinda (Colby), one\\nchild and his mother, Ann Miller Samuel S., his\\nwife Nancy (Owen) and two children John and his\\nwife Elizabeth (Hanford) Abraham and John Miller\\nand two brothers-in-law, viz. John Worst, his wife\\nSarah (Miller) and four children John Garman and j\\nEupheme (Miller) his wife, all of whom started from\\nMonroe County, N. Y., for the West, having no\\ndefinite destination, intending to settle where they\\nfound a desirable location. They were so numerous\\nthat, in order to find accommodations, would separate\\nout, and accordingly a portion stopped at Adamsville\\nand Mr. F. W. Miller pushing forward to Edwards-\\nburg. Those remaining at Adamsville received such\\nfavorable information regarding the country that they\\ndecided to remain and investigate, and hastened for- j\\nward to inform Mr. Miller, but did not overtake him\\nuntil he had reached Niles, when he returned, and\\nthey all settled in one small log house, with one room,\\nthe only shelter obtainable, but Mr. Miller was soon\\naccommodated in the house of Jotham Curtis, and re-\\nmained there until he had purchased his farm in Sec-\\ntion 15, and erected a house on the land where his\\nwidow now resides. He was unwilling to use sticks\\nin the erection of the chimney to his house, and could\\nonly obtain brick enough to extend it to the floor\\nabove, and Mrs. Miller was obliged to prepare the\\nfamily s meals with a fire kindled beside a log until\\nextreme cold weather, when a chimney was improvised\\nby extending it up through the roof, with boards set\\non end. The land purchased by Mr. Miller was\\nowned by speculators in Detroit, and he went there\\nby the only public conveyance, the stage coach. The\\nroads were almost in a fluid state; the coach, the\\nhorses, the driver and passengers, could testify to this,\\nfor they were literally covered with free soil. The\\ncoach frequently became stuck in some almost\\nbottomless mud-holes, and from which it was only\\nextricated by poles and fence-rails in the hands of\\npassengers, who cheerfully lent their assistance, as\\noccasions of this kind required, and even consented\\nto walk through some of the worst places, with a com-\\nplacency that would utterly astonish the modern\\ntraveler, who cannot conceal his impatience of a few\\nminutes delay of the steam-drawn car, into which he\\ncan recline on finely cushioned seats, utterly regard-\\nless of roads and weather. Mr. F. W. Miller s family\\nconsisted of seven children, three of whom, Ann,\\nAlbert M. and Charles Z., are deceased, the latter s\\ndeath occurring at Nicholsville, Ky., while in the\\nUnited States Army during the rebellion. F. W. is\\nthe Postmaster in Elkhart, Ind.; B. Sophia, Mrs.\\nCoe, in Illinois, while Lewis H. and Newell H. reside\\non the old homestead, their father s death occurring\\nin 1873.\\nNoah Hatch was one of the early settlers, and re-\\nmained on his farm until 1847, when it passed into\\nthe possession of Ephraitn C. Moody, who came from\\nMedina County, Ohio. His death occurred October,\\n1881, and the farm is now in possession of one of his\\nsons, A. J. Moody, whose wife, Marian E., is a\\ndaughter of James L. Brady, whose record appears in\\nthe history of Ontwa, in which township he settled in\\nan early day, being one of the pioneers of that portion\\nof the county. A daughter of E. C. Moody, now Mrs.\\nP. A. Sutton, resides on the farm purchased by her hus-\\nband, Polemon Sutton, in Section 20 his death oc-\\ncurring in July, 1868. He came to Cass County in\\n1844, and purchased his farm when in a state of nat-\\nure, and it is now graced with very fine farm build-\\nings.\\nWhen twelve years of age, Hugh C. McNeil\\ncame with his father, James, from Cayuga County,\\nN. Y., who settled on 120 acres of land pur-\\nchased from Government in 183;J. Not being old\\nenough to perform hard manual labor, Hugh was\\ngiven free run of the woods, and delighted in killing\\nthe game then so abundant. Of this family, which\\nconsisted of five boys and one girl, only two remain\\nin the county Lydia J. (Ruple) in Calvin and Hugh\\nC. who resides on the old homeitead on which his\\nparents died.\\nIn 1836, Lyman Graham, came from Medina\\nCounty, Ohio, and located 120 acres in Section 2,\\nwhich is now owned by his only son, Sidney J., Mr.\\nGraham s death occurring in 1873. As will be seen\\nin the military record, Sidney J. enlisted three times\\nin the army during the rebellion, and received a bul-\\nlet wound in the arm at the battle of Buzzard s\\nRidge, which partially disables him.\\nSylvester Bishop and his sons came to Cass County", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0625.jp2"}, "626": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nin 1838, and settled in Mason Township their record\\nappears elsewhere.\\nIn those early days, economy was a matter of stern\\nnecessity, and the ladies were gratified to obtain plain\\nfactory cloth for dresses, which was colored with ma-\\nple or other bark. A black sheep was considered a I\\nprize in any household, for by mixing its fleece with\\nwhite wool, the thrifty housewife would manufacture\\ngray cloth otherwise, it would all be colored some\\ndismal, unattractive dark shade. A linsey-woolsey\\nbag-shaped garment, gathered at the waist with a belt,\\nwas considered plenty good enough for all occasions\\nby the men.\\nAmong the most successful and progressive farmers\\nof Mason is Henry, Thompson, who came into the\\ncounty in 1838, when a young man but twenty years\\nof age, from North Troy, Vt. Before coming, he\\nhelped spike down the first rails laid for steam cars be-\\ntween Lowell and Boston. In order to insure perma-\\nnence, the ties were constructed of granite, into which\\nwere drilled holes for the spikes, and when inserted\\nwere held in place by solder poured in the interstices.\\nThis was then thought indispensable to safety. After\\nworking for Dr. Treat on Beardsley s Prairie for a short\\ntime, he engaged with Moses Sage Son, at Adams-\\nville, in the milling business, and remained there for\\nsix years, and while so employed purchased thousands\\nof bushels of wheat at prices ranging from 44 to 50\\ncents per bushel, some of which was brought from\\nNottoway Sippi Prairie, thirty-six miles distant. He\\nsubsequently became interested with George Redfield\\nfor several years in the grist and saw mills, known as\\nRedfield s Mills, but moved on his present farm in I\\n1848, since which time he has devoted himself to ag-\\nricultural pursuits, and his numerous fine buildings\\nand well-kept farm betokens the model farmer. When\\npurchased, the farm was in a state of nature, except a\\nsmall space cleared by the Indians, and on which they\\nraised corn. Mr. Thompson has been repeatedly fa-\\nvored with offices in the gift of the people of his town-\\nship. He has been twice married, his present wife\\nbeing Ellen M. (King), and has six children now liv-\\ning-\\nMoses M. Coon came from Sandusky County,\\nOhio, with his father, John G., in 1841. His father\\nremoved to Iowa and ultimately to Missouri, where he\\ndied in 1877. Moses M. is now engaged in farming\\nin Section 16.\\nAbout 1840, the farmers began to erect finer\\nbuildings log houses had beengradually supplanted\\nby more pretentious farm buildings, and the face of\\nthe country presented a changed appearance there\\nwas an air of thrift to be seen on every side not but\\nwhat there was still much unimproved land, but the\\npoverty of the people had become much less observ-\\nable, and many were enabled to purchase many of the\\ncomforts and luxuries of life that seemed far from\\ntheir reach when first commencing in the wilderness.\\nAmong those who came in about this period was\\nHarrison Strong and his wife, Fidelia J. (Burns).\\nThe land they purchased was unimproved, and the\\nlarge quantities of maple sugar they manufactured\\nhelped along in the household economy amazingly.\\nTheir children are named Joseph H. and Minerva.\\nAmong the prosperous farmers of Mason can be\\nmentioned G. A. Meachara, who came from Ohio in\\n1854. He now resides on Section 18.\\nIn 1845, Charles Smith and his wife, Harriet,\\nmoved on the farm purchased by his father-in-law,\\nZacheus Wooden, the famous trapper, in Section 4.\\nHe recalls with marked distinctness the time a she-\\nwolf followed his tracks closely for one-half mile, but\\ndid not possess the courage to make an attack, and\\nfinally slunk away.\\nWhen S. B. Glines, who was born in Brownington,\\nVt., moved on his present farm from Lake County,\\nOhio, in 1850, it was far from being in an improved\\nstate, but is now a credit to the township. Two chil-\\ndren have blessed his union with Mary C. (Nye)\\nMary, now Mrs. Nutting, and George.\\nOn the Chicago road, in Section 14, is the site of\\nKessington, which was platted by. Moses McKessick,\\nrecorded in the Register s oflBce July 22, 1872. It\\ncomprises nineteen village lots and was surveyed by\\nAmos Smith. It contains one general store, kept by\\nMr. McKessick one blacksmith shop, one church\\n(the United Brethren), and a few small private houses,\\nand the schoolhouse of District No. 5. Moses Mc-\\nKessick, the founder, came from Toledo, Ohio, in\\n1863 and in addition to his mercantile business is\\nengaged in farming.\\nWarren H. Stevens, whose birthplace was in Jefi er-\\nson County, N. moved from there to Sandusky\\nCounty, Ohio, and to Mason Township in 1854,\\nwhere he remained until his death in January, 1876.\\nHis widow, Christina, who still resides on their farm\\nin Section 7 with their only son, Warren B. Stevens,\\nis a daughter of John Rinehart, who came into the\\ncounty in 1828. The family history will be found\\nelsewhere in this work.\\nRev. James Ashley was born in Toronto, Canada,\\nand moved with his parents to Huron County, Ohio,\\nwhere he married Polly McGee, in 1838. In 1842,\\nhe commenced his pastoral labors and was ordained\\nan Elder in the Free- Will Baptist Church, and imme-\\ndiately became a very zealous worker in the Lord s\\nvineyard. The service of the ministry called him to\\nSeneca County, where he assumed the pastorate of", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0626.jp2"}, "627": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nfour churches for ten years, when he severed his con-\\nnections and came to Cass County, in 1855, and has\\nbeen instrumental in sustaining and building up the\\nchurch of his faith in this township. His labors were\\nnot confined to this one church, for, being an indefati-\\ngable worker, he preached once in two weeks at Sum-\\nnerville for twelve years, and every third week at\\nBerrien for nine years, beside filling innumerable\\nother appointments. In 1867, he was elected a\\nmember of the Legislature on the Republican ticket\\nand receiving a majority of eighty, notwithstanding\\nthe Democrats possessed eighty majority in the dis-\\ntrict. He died in 1882.\\nRev. Henry Luse, who is farming on Section 12,\\ncame from Pennsylvania in 1867. His record appears\\nelsewhere. He and his wife P. (Hoopnogle) have\\nbeen blessed with three children, viz. Uriah, John\\nM. and Agnes. We have noted the arrival of many\\nof those earliest in the town, but that the list may be\\nmore complete we append the following list of\\nORIUINAL LAND ENTRTI\\nSection 1\\nAbie! Silver, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 12, 1835 160\\nHenry Arnold, Oct. 12, 1835 80\\nManning Kedtield, Ontario County, N. Y., April 21, 1830 80\\nLawrence, Iinlay B., May 14, 183\u00c2\u00ab 80\\nN. B. .Smith, Washington County, N. Y., .luly 19, 1836 240\\nAnson Dibble, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 1, 1834 40\\nStewart C. Gardner, (;as9 County, Mich., Dec. 1, 18.34 80\\nBenjamin O Dell, Genesee County, N. Y., Oct. 28, 1835 40\\nLyraan Graham, Cass County, Jan. II, 1830 120\\nGardner Halsted, March 9, 1836 80\\nManning Redfield, April 21, 1836 80\\nGeorge Redfield, Dec. 12, 1836 200\\nSection 3.\\n.\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Vugustus Bird, Cass County, Mich., April 9,\\nSylvester Meacham, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 6, 1835 40\\nIsaac Hulce, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 23, 1835 80\\nWilliam Sherwood, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 4, 1836 80\\nJohn S. Brown, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 15, 1835 80\\nLyman Graham, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 11, 1836 40\\n.lotham Curtis, Jr., Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1836 40\\nMyron Strong, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 19, 1837 240\\nSection 4.\\nSamuel LatTerly, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 9, 1833 40\\nSamuel Simouton, Elkhart County, Ind., Dec. 19, 18i3 40\\nHenry Dwigbt, Seneca County, N. Y., July 25, 1835 80\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 12, 1835 80\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., April 21, 1831! 40\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., May 16, 1836 80\\nLawrence, Imlay B., May 14, 1836 120\\nIsaac Hulce, Oct. 2.i, 1835 160\\nSection 5.\\nAsa Griffith, Otsego County, N. Y., June 20, 1835, entire 640\\nStirling Adams, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 25, 1834.\\nAsa Griffith, June 25, 18-35\\nSection 7.\\nEbenezer Johnson, Erie County, N. Y., April 11, 1832 160\\nM. Sage and N. D. Snow, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 7, 1834... 44\\nS. E. Worth, Washtenaw Clounty, March 2, 1836 125\\nS. E. Worth, Washtenaw County, April 24, 1836 80\\nNancy Sage, Cass County, Mich., March 2, 1835 80\\nN. M. Sage, March 2, 1836 80\\nAbram Miller, Cass County, Mich., June 20, 1835 160\\nLyman Stevens, Oneida County, N. Y., June 23, 1835 80\\nJonathan Stevens, Cayuga County, N. Y., June 23, 1835 80\\nGeorge Redfield, Oct. 13, 1834 JOO\\nGeorge Redfield, March 15, 1836 go\\nOdin Grant, Oct. 29, 1835 40\\nWilliam Sissons, Dec. 28, 1835 40\\nSection 9.\\nSamuel Simonlon, Elkhart County, Ind., Dec. 10, 1833 80\\nSamuel Simonton, Elkhart County, Ind., Jan. 26, 1836 40\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 13, 1835 160\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 28, 1835 80\\nDavid Bement, Ontario County, N. Y., Nov. 6, 1835 80\\nJohn S. Bement, Ontario County, N. Y., Nov. 6, 1835 80\\nMary Short, Ontario County, Dec. 12, 1835 80\\nSarah Stafford, Cass County, Mich., March 9, 1836 40\\nSection 10.\\nOscar P. Kingsley, Franklin County, Mass., Nov. 30, 1833... 80\\nEzra Beardsley, Cass County, Mich., March 6, 1833 40\\nOrlin Grant, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 18, 1834 40\\nJohn Miller, Cass County, Mich., June 29, 1835 80\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 6, 1835 320\\nRichmond Curtis, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1836 40\\nGeorge S. Miller, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 16, 1836 40\\nSection 11.\\nFred W. Miller, Cass County, Mich., June 29, 1833 80\\nWilson Blackmar, Oct. 12, 1833 40\\nElizabeth Gardner, Genesee County, N. Y., Oct. 16, 1833 200\\nBenjamin O Dell, Genesee County, N. Y., June 28, 1833 40\\nRichard Ross, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 9, 1835 80\\nEdward Huwes, Berrien County, Dec. 14, 1835 120\\nWilliam Snyder, Cass (Jounty, Mich., Jan. 12, 1837 40\\nJoseph E. Skinner, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 20, 1837 40\\nSection 12.\\nElam Beardsley, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 4, 1830 80\\nWillis Jordan, Butler Oounly, Oct. 11, 1831 80\\nJames Griffith, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 22, 1833 40\\nSimon O Dell, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 8, 1834 40\\nJohn O Dell, Cass County, Mich., Aug. 22, 1885 80\\nJohn Gill, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, Oct. 5, 1836 80\\nAbiel Silver, I ass County, Mich., Oct. 12, 1835 40\\nHenry Arnold, Cass (bounty, Mich., Oct. 12, 1835 160\\nGeorge Arnold, Cass County, Mich., May, 18, 1836 40\\nSection 13.\\nRobert Calhcart, Cass County, Mich., July 30, 1833 40\\nSimon O Dell, (Jass County, Mich., Dec. 8, 1834 40\\nStewart C. Gardner, Cass County, Mich., April 8, 1836 40", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0627.jp2"}, "628": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nStewart C. Gardner, Cass County, Mich., March 9, 1836 40\\nJohn O Dell, Aug. 22, 1835 80\\nWarren Patchen, Steuben County, N. V., March 26, 1836 80\\nLawrence, Imlay B May 28, 1836 80\\nGeerge Redfield, Cass County, Mich., May 28, 1836 160\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, Jan. 13, 1837 80\\nSection 14.\\nOthni Bearilsley, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 21, 1831 80\\nThomas J. Curtis, Cass County, Mich., June 9, 1834 40\\nJohn Richards, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 14, 1834 40\\nJames McNeil, CayugaCounty, N. Y., May 16, 1835 80\\nJames McXeil, Cayuga County, N. Y., Nov. 3, 1835 40\\nJacob Haight, Otsego County, N. Y., May 14, 1835 40\\nOrlando Griffith, Otsego County, N. Y., June 20, 1835 80\\nRichard Ross, June 13, 1835 40\\nElizabeth Gardner, Oct. 16, 1835 40\\nJohn Collins, Medina County, Ohio, Feb. 22, 1836 80\\nBenjamin Smith, Washington County, N. Y., July 19, 183G... 40\\nSection 15.\\nChester Fanning, Cayuga County, N. Y., Oct. 4, 1831 160\\nBetsey Curtis, Cass County, Mich., March 25, 1833 80\\nHenry Whiting, Wayne County, Mich., April 23, 1833 240\\nAlmon B. Kingsley, Franklin County, Mass., Not 30, 1833.. 80\\nFred W. Miller, Cass County, Mich., June 24, 1835 80\\nSection 10.\\nSchool lands.\\n.Section 17.\\nLevi Grant, St. Joseph County, March 28, 1832 160\\nCharles Butler, Geneva County, N. Y., Aug. 9, 1833 80\\nAnthon Bronson, New York City, Aug. 9, 1833 80\\nAllen R. Kingsley, Cass County, July 4, 1834 80\\nJohn Garmon, Cass County, Mich,, June 0, and 8, 1835 160\\nAbram Miller, Cass County, Mich., June 20, 1835 80\\nSection 18.\\nB. D. W. Eddy, Washtenaw County, June 30, 1834 160\\nS. S. E. Worth, Washtenaw County, March 2, 1835 122\\nReuben Allen, Jr., Rutland County, Vt., June 9, 1835 160\\nGeorge Redfield, Cass County, Nov. 6, 1835 38\\nB. Eddy, Washtenaw County, June 30, 1834 80\\nSection 19.\\nJacob Allen, June 2, 1834 40\\nLuke Allen, June 25, 1834 40\\nJames Benedict, April 10, 1835 114\\nMedad Terwilliger, Genesee County, N. Y., June 23, 1835.... 74\\nSection 20.\\nSamuel Simonton, Elkhart County, Ind., Dec. 19, 1833\\nMyron Holmes, Chautauqua County, N. Y., May 29, 1834....\\nAbram Miller, Cass County, Mich., June 20, 1835\\nSarah Stafford, Wayne County, Jan. 9, 1836\\nSection 21.\\nSaxton P. Kingsley, Cass County, Nov. 12, 1833 120\\nSaxton P. Kingsley, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 20, 1834 72\\nJohn Worst, Cass County, Mich., June 3, 1835 110\\nSection 22.\\nJotham Curtis, Cass County, April 28. 1834 40\\nJohn Miller, Monroe County, June 12, and 29, 1835 80\\nFred W. Miller, Cass f ounty, Mich., June 12, 1835 4ll\\nCharles B. I ullman, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 21, 1846 70\\nSection 23.\\nSaxton P. Kingsley, Cass County Mich., June 3, 1835 40\\nJotham Curtis, Cass County, Mich., June 24, 1835 40\\nN. B. Smith, Washington County, N. Y., July 19, 1836 80\\nJohn J. Jones, Erie County, Penn., March 10, 1838 65\\nJ. D. Mann, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 24, 1846 68\\nSection 24.\\nLawrence, Imlay Beach, Onondaga County, N. Y., May 28,\\n1836 144\\nBenjamin Sherman, St. Joseph County, June 12, 1837 144\\nERECTION OF MASON TOWNSHIP.\\nThis township was erected by an act of the Terri-\\ntorial government approved March 2S, 183(5, reading\\nas follows All that portion of Cass County desig-\\nnated by the United States survey as Township 8\\nsouth, of Range 14 west, be and the same is hereby set\\noff and organized into a separate township by the\\nname of Mason. And the first township meeting\\ntherein shall be held at the dwelling house of Jotham\\nCurtis in said township.\\nThe boundaries were surveyed by William Brook\\nfield, D. S., and the subdivisions by Robert Clark,\\nJr., he completing them July 21, 1828. It is cur-\\nI tailed in size on the south by the State of Indiana, it\\nbeing but three and a fraction sections north and\\nsouth, and is located between Porter and Ontwa on\\nj the east and west respectively, and Calvin on the\\nnorth.\\nThe soil is a sandy loam in the western and south-\\nem portions, while toward the center it partakes more\\nj of a clayey nature, but it is all very productive, and\\nyields ample returns to the husbandman for labor be-\\nstowed. In the early days, when sheep and cattle\\ni ranged through the fenceless woods, they became fre-\\nquently intermingled, and the marking of ears so\\nthey could be identified was an important science.\\nHe who first, recorded a certain combination of slits,\\ncrops and holes, obtained a copyright on its use while\\nhe lived in the town after his death or removal, an-\\nother might take it. The old town books contain the\\nrecords of many such marks, which were illustrated\\nby rude, grotesque drawings, showing the exact loca-\\ntion of the crops, holes or slits on which a patent was\\nclaimed. One registered by Joseph A. Curtis, in\\ni 1837, reads as follows: An upper bit out of the\\nI right ear, and an under bit out of the left ear.\\nThe officers of this township were evidently conver-\\nsant with the law and punctilious in obeying its man-\\ndates, for, commencing in 1863, a five-cent internal\\nrevenue stamp was attached to the oaths of those\\nelected to office, and among the first was a stamp at-\\ntached to the record when Henry Thompson, Super-\\nvisor, agreed to faithfully and impartially discharge", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0628.jp2"}, "629": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n413\\nthe duties of a member of the Board of Registration.\\nIt is doubtful if any other township officials in tlie\\ncounty complied with the full renuiremeiits of this\\nlaw.\\nFREE-WILL BAPTLST CnURCH.\\nThe inception of the Free-Will Baptist Church\\ndates back to the time Rev. Nelson Thomas, of Kala-\\nmazoo, a Baptist clergyman, preached in school and\\nprivate houses on the Chicago road. He soon gath-\\nered around a following of twelve persons, who were\\nconstituted a church organization by Elders N. Put-\\nnam and George Fellows, of Niles. Elder Thomas\\ncontinued his labors until his death in July, 1848.\\nThe funeral sermon was preached by Elder Samuel\\nKetchum, who assumed the pastorate, and so con-\\ntinued for several years, when he was succeeded by\\nElder James Ashley, and under his ministrations the\\nchurch became so strong that a house of worship was\\nerected at Adamsville at an expense of $2,300. This\\nwas consumed by fire in about one year, and some\\nfourteen years since the present neat church building\\nerected in Section 5. It now has a membership of\\nfifty, but no regular pastor. The officers are J. H.\\nBurnes and S. Moyer, Deacons H. E. Stevens,\\nClerk.\\nUNITED BRETHREN.\\nWhen Rev. Henry Luse came to this township\\nfrom Lebanon County, Penn., he found but few of his\\nparticular religious faith, and no church organization.\\nIn about one year, he commenced to proclaim the\\nGospel, in his then broken English, and soon insti-\\ntuted a revival that became so widespread that many\\nattended the meetings from Elkhart, Ind., and the\\nhouse was filled to overflowing with people desiring to\\nflee from the wrath to come. The members be-\\ncame so numerous that evening meetings were of a\\nnecessity discontinued, the house being totally inade-\\nquate to accommodate them, and services were com-\\nmenced at 8 o clock in the morning and continued\\nuntil 12 M., and again resumed at 2 o clock P. M.,\\nand continued until 5 o clock. The singing formed\\n([uite an important part of the services, for the new\\nmelodies sung, accompanied with appropriate words,\\nwere to a certain extent soul-converting, and in con-\\nnection with the pointed sermons and exhortations,\\nwere so effective that 100 converts were made before\\nthe meetings closed.\\nA United Brethren Church was formed in March,\\n1860, with seventy-nine members, some of the con-\\nverts having joined other churches.\\nIn 1874, they erected a church edifice, worth some\\n$1,500, on Section 14.\\nThe present officers are Uriah Luse, Steward Rev.\\nHenry Luse, Class-leader J. Worth, D. Fisher,\\nUriah Luse, Moses McKissick and Dr. H. E. Wood-\\nbridge, Trustees.\\nRev. H. Luse preached for eighteen months after\\nthe church was organized, since which time various\\nministers have presided, Rev. Mr. Johnson being the\\npresent pastor.\\nTHE EVANGELICAL PARADISE CHURCH.\\nThis church was organized, in 1874, wi .li twelve\\nmembers, by Jacob Young, who had organized a class\\nsome three years previous.\\nIn 1874, a church building was constructed at an\\nexpense of some $1,500. It now has a church mem-\\nbership of forty-six, and a Sunday school which aver-\\nages an attendance of sixty scholars.\\nThe present officers are Elias Minnig, Cyrus Dil-\\nler, John Ord, Adam Ord, George Young, John\\nSwartz and Joseph Luse, Trustees; Elias Minnig,\\nClass-leader.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThe first schoolhouse was erected in 1836, near\\nFive Points, so called, because five roads center here.\\nThe material of which it was constructed was logs,\\nand great haste was evidenced, for sufficient time was\\nnot taken to square off the logs at the corners, and\\nthey presented anything but an inviting appearance.\\n0. Grant taught the first school. This, in turn,\\nwas supplanted by a rough frame house, erected by\\nDavid Thompson, which in turn gave place to some-\\nthing more in keeping with the progress made by the\\npeople. In January, 1869, this was burned, and the\\npeople became possessed with an apathy on school\\nmatters, and concluded to wait until the next annual\\nschool meeting before raising money to build another\\nbut by the persistent efforts of Henry Thompson, a\\nspecial meeting was called, and a petition framed and\\nsent to the Legislature, then in session, praying that\\nthey be allowed to issue school bonds with which to\\nprocure money to erect another schoolhouse, and it\\nwas pushed with such vigor that, in February, Mr.\\nThompson received a certified copy of the special act,\\ngranting them authority to issue bonds for the pur-\\nposes therein specified. The bonds were sold, and a\\n$1,500 house erected that season, and the whole debt\\nliquidated the following year. A little leaven in this\\ncase was fruitful of great results. May 19, 1837,\\nthe whole township was constituted a school district\\nby 0. Grant, Frederick W. Miller and Edward\\nHowe, School Commissioners and the 27th of the\\nsame month the eastern portion was set aside into\\nDistrict No. 2. The township now contains seven\\nschool districts, two of them being fractional with a\\nbrick house in Ontwa and frame house in Porter.\\nDistrict No. 1 has a frame house valued by school", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0629.jp2"}, "630": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\noflBcers in their report (the valuation of each house is\\nthat placed upon it by the officers) at $600. It has\\na seating capacity of forty-four. District No. 2 has\\na brick house valued at $500, with a seating capacity\\nof forty. Dictrict No. 4 has a brick house, valued at\\n$1,500, with a seating capacity of seventy-two. Dis-\\ntrict No. 5 has a brick house, erected in 1874, valued\\nat $3,000, with a seating capacity of 110, and is a\\ncredit to the district and township, for it is the best\\nrural schoolhouse in the State, being complete in all\\nits appointments. It is divided into two rooms, and\\ntwo teachers are employed during the winter months.\\nDistrict No. 6 has a frame house, valued at $50 seat-\\ning capacity, forty. The whole number of school\\nchildren between the ages of five and twenty years\\nnot including fractional districts is 259.\\nDistrict No. 4 has 108, and District No. 6, forty-\\nseven volumes in their libraries, the other districts\\nhaving no libraries. The past fiscal year $547 were\\npaid for male, and $510 for female teachers.\\nINITIAL EVENTS.\\nThe first frame house was erected by Dr. Henry\\nFollett, in 1838, who was also the first practicing\\nphysician. He came here from Cayuga County, N.\\nY., and remained in the township until his death, in\\nDecember, 1849. No representative of his family\\nnow resides in the county.\\nMr. Edwin W. Reynolds, who came from Medina\\nCounty, Ohio, was the first practicing attorney in the\\ntownship. His death, which occurred in 1862, was\\noccasioned by injuries inflicted when run away with\\nby a high-spirited horse. His widow is now the wife\\nof D. M. Howell, of Penn.\\nThe first brick houses, which are still standing,\\nwere erected in 1849, one by Walker Miller and the\\nother by Henry Thompson.\\nAs before noticed, the first fruit trees were set out\\nElam Beardsley, in 1830 the next were planted by\\nDarius Beardsley, in 1832, who procured the seed\\nof his brother Ezra, who brought them from Ohio.\\nIsaac Mosher has 800 fruit trees, the greatest num-\\nber possessed by any one man in the township.\\nThere are no extensive mills in the township, but one\\nis located near Mud Lake, and another in Section 9.\\nMr. C. O Dell was among the jolly landlords of\\nthe olden time, and his tavern was located on the\\nfarm now owned by John Smith. Stewart C. Gardner,\\nas before noticed, also acted in the same capacity.\\nThe marriage bells, had there been any at that\\nearly time, would have first been rung in 1833 to\\ncelebrate the ceremony which made Clara Beardsley\\nthe wife of John H. Smith.\\nIn 1836, an infant child of John Worst was killed\\nby a falling tree, and was the first child interred in\\nthe cemetery at Five Points.\\nThe first and only post ofiice was called Legar, and\\nwas located on the farm of Moses McKessick. Ezra\\nHatch officiated as Postmaster, in 1852.\\nIn 1870, G. H. Mann came from Medina County,\\nOhio, and, soon thereafter, started a blacksmith shop\\non Section 8. which, with one at Kessington, com-\\nprises all the disciples of Vulcan.\\nWhen the sturdy pioneers had assembled for the\\nfirst time to perform the duty incumbent upon every\\nmale citizen of the United States, no ballot-box had\\nbeen provided, and the time allotted was not sufficient\\nto enable them to manufacture one. At the suggestion\\nof one inclined to be humorous, a mitten, was used as a\\nreceptacle for the ballots then and there cast, and one\\nwould be safe in the assertion that no mitten stuffing\\nwas indulged in on this occasion.\\nWhen we consider the primitive methods employed\\nby the ancient Egyptians in grinding their corn, and\\nthe stump-pounding process used by the Indians, it\\nwould seem as if simplicity of mechanism had been\\nexhausted and no expedient could be adopted that\\ncould compare with their methods, unless it be the\\nbreaking of one kernel at a time upon a stone, by the\\nconcussion of another, and it would be about as\\neffective as the method employed by John Novel, who\\noperated the first and only grist-mill in the township.\\nOne common stone hard-head was placed upon an-\\nother, and near the outer surface of the uppermost\\none a hole was drilled, into which an iron-pointed\\nstick was inserted, which was long enough to extend\\nI up to and through a circular crevice in the ceiling\\nabove, and this stick was the fulcrum with which the\\nstone was propelled in a rotary motion from right to\\nleft just opposite from the direction mill-stones\\nusually revolve with the left hand, while the right\\nj was busily employed in throwing one kernel after an-\\nother into the eye of the stone. From the degree of\\nfineness obtained, the meal would appropriately come\\nunder the appellation of cracked corn.\\nBy industry one peck of grain could be manufact-\\nured in one day, and it was only when the family\\nsupply ran low that the proprietor would grind one\\nj quart for present use, not that other business pre-\\ni vented, for this was not a merchant mill its location\\nin the midst of a thick forest in Section 9 prevented\\nits being utilized for such a purpose. Curiosity im-\\npelled many people to visit this mill, long since de-\\nstroyed, and one of the stones can now be seen in the\\nPioneer Museum at Cassopolis. The proprietor of\\nthis mill was a native of Virginia, and as to whether\\nhe was an F. F. V., cannot now be determined, as he\\nlong since moved away.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0630.jp2"}, "631": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n415\\nThe first road through the township ran from Union\\nto Cassopolis, and was surveyed by John Bogart in\\n1832. The first road of record as laid out by Joseph\\nMcNeil and John Gorman, Road Commissioners, in\\nMay, 1830, and extended around Section 1.\\nThe number of voters in 1844 was seventy-eight,\\nof which sixty-three were Democrats, twenty-four\\nWhigs, fourteen doubtful, and one Abolitionist. At\\nthe general election in 1881, the total number of votes\\ncast was 221 of these 141 were cast for the Demo-\\ncratic candidates, seventy-four for the Republicans and\\nsix for the Greenback candidates.\\nWhen the first settlers located, the forests were des-\\ntitute of tangled underbrush, the annual fires kindled\\nby the Indians burning it clean, and one s vision\\ncould extend for miles through the woods, and discern\\nthe graceful deer, the ferocious bear or cunning fox,\\nas they traveled their various ways in search of food.\\nSince then, small trees and bushes of various descrip-\\ntion have grown up and encumbered the woods, but a\\nmuch greater change has been made in the face of the\\ncountry by the industrious, progressive white man,\\nfor where the smoke wreathed from the simple wig-\\nwam of the Indian, can now be found the commo-\\ndious farm-house with its accompaniment of other farm\\nbuildings where the deer fed in comparative quiet,\\ncan now be found finely cultivated fields, which annu-\\nally yield many fold for seed planted therein, and\\nthrift and comfort is visible on every hand, and all\\nthis has been accomplished within one-half a century.\\nThe township now contains 140 farms, having a\\ntotal of 12,282 acres, or 87.78 acres in each, 9,228\\nof which is improved. In 1879, from 2,327 acres\\nsown to wheat, 54,578 bushels were threshed, an aver-\\nage of 23.45 bushels per acre from 1,582 planted to\\ncorn, 109,450 bushels were harvested, and 486 acres\\nof oats yielded 15,432 bushels. There was also raised\\n507 bushels of clover seed, 302 bushels of peas, 5,075\\nbushels of potatoes, and 1,488 tons of hay. There\\nwas also possessed in the township in 1880, 377 horses,\\n629 head of cattle, 968 hogs, and in 1869, 1,403\\nsheep that sheared 6,130 pounds of wool, 439 acres\\nare planted to orchards, while small fruits and berries\\nare raised in abundances.\\nCIVIL LIST.\\nThe following names are those of the principal\\ntownship civil ofiicers from the year 1836\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1836, Moses Stafford 1838, Saxton P. Kingsley\\n1839-40, Reuben Allen; 1841, S. P. Kingsley;\\n1842-44, John S. Bement 1845, George Arnold;\\n1846-48, Ezra Hatch 1849-51, John S. Bement\\n1852, George Arnold 1853-54, Ezra Hatch 1855-\\n56, George Arnold; 1857-60, E. W. Reynolds;\\n1861-63, Henry Thompson 1864, George Arnold\\n1865, W. H. Stevens 1866-67, J. H. Graham\\n1868, William Allen 1869, J. H. Graham 1870,\\nLewis H. Miller 1871-72, Henry Thompson; 1873-\\n78, J. H. Graham 1879, *Henry Thompson 1880-\\n82, J. H. Graham.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1836, John Worst 1837, O. Grant 1838-39,\\nC. C. Landry 1840-41, Henry Follett 1842-49,\\nJohA Miller i 1850-52, William B. McNeil; 1853-\\n56, John Miller 1857, James C. Meacham 1858,\\nJoseph H. Burns 185,9, W. 0. Hatch 1860, S. B.\\nGlines 1861, Henry Olds 1862-67, J. A. McNeil\\n1868-72, H. F. Garmon 1874-77, Aaron Dicker-\\nhoof; 1878-79, Edward J. Bement 1880, Charles\\nA. Thompson 1881, Edward J. Bement.\\n1836, S. P. Kingsley 1887-38, J. McNeil 1839,\\nHenry Follett; 1840, A. A. Goddard 1841-42,\\nHenry Follett; 1843-45, W. W. Bird; 1846-47,\\nP.Sutton; 1848, William Allen; 1849-51, P. Sut-\\nton; 1852-56, John S. Bement; 1857-59, H. C.\\nMcNeil; I860, Anson L. Dunn; 1861, Stephen\\nColby 1862-64, H. C. McNeil 1865, William D.\\nCoe 1866-68, George B. Harker 1869-78, H. C.\\nMcNeil 1879. George H. Redfield 1880, Hugh C.\\nMcNeil 1881, George H. Redfield.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nREV. .JAMES ASHLEY.\\nThe subject of this memoir was born in Toronto,\\nCanada, November 18, 1815, and was the son of\\nLeonard and Sally (McDougal) Ashley. In 1826,\\nthe family removed to Huron County, Ohio, and here,\\nwith the advantages and disadvantages of a new coun-\\nty, the boy became a man. The elder Ashley was a\\nfarmer, and unable to give his son any educational\\nadvantages. He learned the trade of a blacksmith,\\nwhich avocation he followed at intervals. At the age\\nof fifteen he was converted, and in 1841 commenced\\npreaching; his labors were immediately successful;\\nhis earnest manner aroused the careless, while his\\nsympathy, remarkable affability and colloquial gifts\\nattracted all classes. New fields were opened, new\\nchurches constituted, and the Seneca Quarterly Meet-\\ning organized. The Huron Quarterly Meeting, in\\nwhich he entered the church and the ministry, re-\\n*FuUo l to llfy,\\n1 J. II. Graham sppoinled.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0631.jp2"}, "632": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nceived a portion of his labors but most of his pas-\\ntoral and evangelical work was in connection with the\\nSeneca Quarterly Meeting, where much good was\\naccomplished. In 1855, he removed to Cass County,\\nwhere he spent the remainder of his useful life, hold-\\ning the pastoral relation for more than twenty-five\\nyears. Like all other Free-Will Baptist ministers\\nforty years ago, he labored virtually as a missionary,\\nreceiving an indefinite, irregular and insufficient sup-\\nport, supplying deficiencies by manual labor. After\\ncoming to Cass County, he worked at the trade of a\\ncarpenter in fact he was never idle. He preached\\ntwelve years in Sumnerville, he traveling in so doing\\nsome eighteen thousand miles, and for some time he\\nheld services in a cooper shop, but finally, through his\\nefforts, a church was erected. He organized the\\nsociety of Berrien Center, and labored there nine\\nyears. His whole soul was in his work, and, forget-\\nting self, he was always ready to make any sacrifices\\nfor the advancement of the cause in which he labored.\\nIt was through his instrumentality that the church at\\nAdamsville, which was consumed by fire, was erected\\nand when the present Free-Will Baptist Church of\\nMason was erected, he not only gave his labor, but\\n$100, and made no charge for pastoral services. He\\nwas held in the highest esteem by the young as well\\nas the old, and his services were especially required\\nby those matrimonially inclined, his last ministerial\\nlabor being the marrying of two couples. He was a\\nman of positive character, with decided opinions on\\nall matters, wliich he expressed on all suitable occa-\\nsions his plainness of speech and boldness of posi-\\ntion would perhaps have made opponents and enemies\\nhad it not been for his sincerity and unselfishness\\nand especially the wonderful degree of good nature\\nand affability he possessed, for whether in the family\\nor pulpit, in the church or Legislature (to which latter\\nplace he was elected in 1S69), he was very popular\\nhis good nature and Christian kindness did not fail\\nhim, and his friends were numerous. He died March\\n23, 1882, after an illness of nearly a year. His wife,\\na most estimable Christian lady, who was his adviser,\\nand who shared his adversities and successes, resides\\non the homestead. He became the father of a family\\nof twelve children, viz. William Henry (who died\\nin the army April, 1863), John H., Delora J., Alice\\nA., Fannie E., Robert Mc, Sally M., Lydia A.,\\nMary E., Fred L., Laurie L. (deceased), Ardella R.\\n(deceased).\\nJ. TIUBBAllD THOM.VS.\\nThe early life of Joseph H. Thomas was such as to\\nprepare him for pioneering in the far West, for it was\\nlargely occupied in hard labor in the Green Mount-\\nain State, where his parents were pioneering with a\\nlarge family, and they possessed of limited means.\\nI For a number of years, Joseph H., assisted by one of\\nhis brothers, labored hard to raise the incumbrance on\\ni his father s property, which was an act of filial duty\\none would expect of the man.\\nj He was born in Salisbury, Vt., September 8, 1807,\\nand is of Welsh extraction, as one would judge from\\nhis physique, for he is a man of large stature and pos-\\nsessed of more than ordinary strength. While a res-\\nident of Vermont, he became very expert in the use\\nof the ax, and recounts the feat of cutting 400 cords\\nof three-foot wood in fifty days, and one day of per-\\nforming the almost miraculous feat of cutting eleven\\ncords. His father, Isaac Thomas, was born in Pack-\\nersfield. New Hampshire, in October, 1775. His\\nI mother, Arthusa M. Hubbard, born in Springfield,\\nVt., in 1784, was the daughter of Col. Joseph Hub-\\nbard, of that place, who was born in Old Hadley,\\nMass. Mr. Thomas parents were married in 1806,\\nand settled on a farm in the town of Salisbury, Vt.,\\nj where they resided until the death of Mr. Thomas,\\nj which occurred in 1848, aged sixty-three years.\\nThe subject of this sketch is the eldest of eight chil-\\ndren Horace, born August 1809; Eliza, born Sep-\\ntember, 1811; Harry, born October, 1814; Robert\\nB., born September 30, 1816; Thankful, August,\\n1820; G. Adolphus, January, 1823; Jefferson, Jan-\\nuary, 1825. His ancestors came from Wales during\\nthe reign of George I. They were among the early\\nprinters of Boston. Isaiah Thomas printed the Bos-\\nton Spy, and in 1772 it was suppressed by George\\nIII for disloyal sentiments. He then removed to\\nWorcester, Mass., where he issued the Worcester Spy,\\nand his printing press was on exhibition in Machin-\\nery Hall, at the Centennial of 1876, and was the\\none on which was printed the first copy of the Dec-\\nlaration of Independence in this country.\\nWhen twenty-eight years of age, J. Hubbard Thomas\\nremoved to Licking County, Ohio, where he remained\\nuntil coming to Cass County, in May, 1830, at which\\ntime he purchased 160 acres of wild land in Section\\n18, at $5 per acre, which has been added to until he\\nnow possesses 230. By girdling timber, he raised\\n500 bushels of wheat the first year on his new farm.\\nMr. Thomas has been eminently successful in his\\nchosen avocation. Owing to early experiences, he has\\nalways been quite conservative and self-sustained,\\nrelying entirely on his own exertions and judgment to\\nfurther his financial interests, and they have proved\\nmore than ordinarily reliable.\\nNot a member of any Christian denomination, he\\nbelieves in the brotherhood of all mankind, and in\\nliving according to the golden rule.\\nIIo was married, May 11, 1836, to Eunice, daughter", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0632.jp2"}, "633": {"fulltext": "f^lf lf^\\n^J-Ce^^d^^^^^^\\ni-^^^i-\\nfiin^^^^f\\n3^ ^^^i^^^\\njohK b/f(Ke:s.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0633.jp2"}, "634": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0634.jp2"}, "635": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0635.jp2"}, "636": {"fulltext": "I*\\n-Hi\\nELIJAH BISHOP,\\nDANflEL BlSjiOP.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2V-", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0636.jp2"}, "637": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nof John Townsend, who was born in Charleston,\\nMass., October 30, 1767, and Eunice (Howe) Town-\\n,send, widow of Joseph Cloyes, who was born in\\nShrewsbury, Mass., November 15, 1774.\\nBy her first marriage she became the mother\\nof two children Elijah and D. II. Cloyes. By\\nher second marriage she became the mother of nine\\nchildren, viz. Relief, born July 2, 1805, died August\\n25, 1824 John, born February 20, 1807, now in\\nVermont; Nancie, born March 23, 1808, now in\\nVermont; Joseph C, born August 11, 1809, died\\nJanuary 11, 1810 Lorancy, born January 5, 1811,\\nnow in Wisconsin Eunice, born April 24, 1812\\nSarah, born January 18, 1814, now in Wisconsin;\\nGideon H., born June 8, 1816, now in New York\\nState; William L., born August 9, 1820, died July\\n22, 1828. John Townsend died March 21, 1841,\\nand his wife, Eunice, June 6, 1847.\\nMrs. Thomas has shared the privations and labor\\nof pioneer life with her husband, and is now with him\\nenjoying the fruits of their industry. She has long\\nbeen a member of the Baptist Church.\\nThey have been the parents of four children\\nHelen M., born September 8, 1837, now Mrs. G. A.\\nMeacham, in Mason; Edwin, born May 31,1841,\\ndied May 31, 1864 Arabella M., born July 27,\\n1846, now a widow lady, Mrs. M. E. Dills, and Ida\\nL., born December 5, 1853, died September 9, 1855\\nELIJAH BISHOP.\\nThe subject of this sketch, Elijah Bishop, was born\\nat Saratoga Springs, N. Y., in 1811, and is a son of\\nSylvester and Ruth (Duel) Bishop.\\nThe life of Mr. Bishop has been no holiday affair,\\nfor his parents being poor, he was obliged to face the\\nstern realities of life, and assist in obtaining a liveli-\\nhood b^^|)erforming the laborious work on a farm\\nwhen sc^^ung that he had not strength sufficient to\\nstraighten up the plow he was vainly endeavoring to\\nguide. His opportunities for obtaining an education\\nwere quite limited, and like many of the solid, sub-\\nstantial and successful men of our country, commenced\\nlife with but little book knowledge, but having early\\nacquired habits of industry, was prepared for the\\nhardships of pioneer life he was called upon to en-\\ndure, and success has crowned his labor. When four\\nyears of age, he removed to Cayuga County, of his\\nnative State, with his parents, and remained there\\nuntil attaining his majority, when he emigrated to\\nMedina County, Ohio, and made it his home until\\ncoming to Cass County, in 1838, at which time he\\nwas accompanied by his father.\\nMr. Bishop purchased his farm of George Redfield,\\nand can now look back with much complacency to the\\nhard struggle necessary to pay for it. The first pay-\\nment of $25 was made by splitting fence-rails, but\\nthose succeeding were the most difficult to meet, for\\nwages were but 50 cents per day and store pay legal\\ntender, and for one year s labor one would sometimes\\nprocure but $5 in cash. Corn brought but 20 cents\\nper bushel wheat from 40 to 50 cents per bushel\\npork, $1.50 per hundred and it was so difficult to\\nobtain money, that he had almost deeided to surrender\\nhis farm, when all but three of the forty acres were\\ncleared when Mr. Redfield extended the time indefi-\\nnitely, and he concluded to resume his labors. It\\nwas a joyful time when the last dollar was paid,\\nalthough it took his work oxen to make up the amount.\\nAt this time he discarded his squirrel skin cap and\\npurchased a plush one which was looked upon as the\\nheight of extravagance by his neighbors. Mr. Bishop\\navers that his sugar bill now aggregates more than his\\nentire household expenses at this time.\\nHe now possesses a fine farm, all the results of his\\nown untiring industry, and the highest meed of praise\\nis due for his energy and enterprise, and he is now\\nnumbered among the progressive and prominent\\nfarmers of Mason Township. In politics, he affiliates\\nwith the Democratic party. In 1832, he was mar-\\nried to Amelia, daughter of Jonathan Stephens, who\\ncame to Cass County in 1836, where his death oc-\\ncurred at the residence of his daughter, in 1851.\\nMrs. Bishop has well performed her part in the\\nstruggle for a livelihood and ultimate competency, and\\nis the mother of five children, viz. Jonathan, who\\nresides in Mason; Augusta, now Mrs. J. W. Thomas,\\nin Indiana Mary and Hiram, who reside at home,\\nand Eleanna, now Mrs. David Holilerman.\\nDANIEL BLSHOr.\\nSylvester Bishop, a native of the New England\\nStates, moved to Saratoga Springs when a young man\\nand engagei in the tailoring business. From here\\nhe moved to Cayuga County, where his son Daniel\\nwas born in 1-*19. His family consisted of eight\\nchildren, the order of their births being as follows\\nTimothy, Hiram, Eleanna, Permelia, Elijah, Daniel,\\nMary and Allen. Sylvester Bishop came to Cass\\nCounty in 1838 with his son Elijah, who went to\\nNew York this same year and returned with his\\nbrother Daniel. Daniel worked on the St. Joseph\\nRiver until $50 was earned to pay for his father s\\nfarm. His father and mother, Ruth (Duel), lived\\nwith their youngest son, Allen, until their deaths,\\nwhich occurred in 1859 and 1857 respectively. Allen\\nlost his life by the recoil of a chain attached to a\\ngrubbing machine. Mr. Bishop is conversant with\\nthe expedients adopted by pioneers when carving", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0637.jp2"}, "638": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nout for themselves a home, for this is what he has\\ndone, and he is now numbered among the oldest I\\npioneers of Mason Township.\\nHe first purchased forty acres of land at $5 per\\nacre, which was duly improved, and additional land\\npurchased until he now possesses 120 acres, and is\\nnow enjoying the fruits of a well-spent life, respected by\\nthose with whom he has associated for over forty years.\\nHis life, which has been spent in agricultural pursuits,\\nhas been quiet and uneventful, which is conducive of\\nthe greatest amount of happiness, for the anxieties and\\nperplexities of business life are avoided. A stanch\\nDemocrat, he has never taken an active part in poli-\\ntics, preferring to attend strictly to his chosen avoca-\\ntion, in which he has been successful.\\nHe was married May 7, 1848, to Mary Poff,\\ndaughter of Michael and Sarah Poff. Mrs. Bishop\\nwas born in Virginia in 1827. She came to Michi-\\ngan in 1832 with her parents, who ultimately settled\\nin Indiana, where they resided until their deaths.\\nMr. and Mrs. Bishop are the parents of five children\\nnow living Levi C. and Abraham, who reside in\\nMason; Cynthie E., now Mrs. N. A. Thompson, who\\nresides in Mason and Timothy and Martha, who re-\\nside at home.\\nMU.LS OLDS.\\nAmong those who came into Cass County at a\\nsomewhat later date than the earliest settlers, and who\\nstill performed the labors of a pioneer on his farm,\\ncan be mentioned Mills Olds, who was born in Con-\\nnecticut, October 14, 1813, and is a son of Samuel,\\nwho died March 12, 1868, in his eighty-second year,\\nand Salinda (Remington), who departed this life Feb-\\nruary 24, 1843, in her seventieth year.\\nMr. Olds became early inured to hard labor, his\\nfather moving on a new farm when he (Mills) was\\nquite young, and was therefore prepared for the seven\\nyears spent in working by the month at hard manual\\nlabor. With the proceeds of the labor of his hands,\\nhe purchased the farm in Mason Township, to which\\nhe removed in 1851, and where he died Nov. 9, 1880.\\nBefore coming West, he learned the blacksmith s trade,\\nbut only followed the avocation of farming after\\nreaching his new home. Honesty, integrity and in-\\ndustry, and close attention to details were the princi-\\npal characteristics of Mr. Olds, and it was due to his\\nindustry, coupled with good financiering, that he ac-\\ncumulated a competency.\\nHe affiliated with the Democratic party, and was\\nelected by them to fill the office of Justice of the\\nPeace, but aside from the ordinary interest evinced by\\nthe bulk of American citizens in governmental affairs,\\nhe took no prominent part in politics, he devoting the\\nma,jor portion of his time to business afl^airs.\\nHe was married December 24, 1845, to Mary B.\\nArnold, who was born in New York State July 4,\\n1822, and departed this life January 28, 1859. Mrs.\\nOlds was a member of the Close Communion Baptist\\nChurch, and a very estimable lady.\\nThey became the parents of children as follows\\nStephen S. and May A., both of whom reside on the\\nparental estate of 300 acres, the former of whom is\\nmarried to Ann, daughter of Rev. James Ashley they\\nthey have two children Glenn H. and Dean S.\\nOHAPTEE XXXIX.\\nNEWBERG.\\n.John Bair, the First Settler\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Kmlfranfs Trials\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Sharks\\nGeortte Poe\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Kiidd Family\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early Settlement\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Land Entries\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Civil Organization\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Newberg\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tax Koll for 1838\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I ostal Service\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Civil List\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Biographical.\\nEARLY SETTLEMENTS.\\nThe first man to thread his way through the forests\\nand plant the banner of civilization in the township of\\nNewberg was John Bair. The date of his land entry\\nis October 16, 1832. His was the first entry made\\nin the township, and the only one during that year.\\nHe was one of the many who had a predilection for\\ntimbered land, and an abundance of water, hence his\\nchoice on Section 34, on the north bank of what is\\nnow known as Bair Lake, the larger part of which is\\nin the township of Porter. At the date of his location,\\nthere was a road laid out and partially opened up,\\nrunning east and west through the southern part of\\nthe township of Newberg, and near the northern\\nborders of a beautiful lake. Here, upon the high\\nbanks of the lake, and on the north side of the road,\\nthe primitive log cabin was erected which for many\\nsucceeding years was his home. In course of time\\nthe trees were felled, fields were fenced, an orchard\\nput out and the log cabin superseded by a frame build\\ning, which continued to be his home until his death\\nElizabeth Bair, the wife of Johnson Driskel, in the\\nhistorian s interview with her, related many interest-\\ning incidents of their pioneer life. She is the old\\nest child of John Bair and Ruth (Ridgely), his wife\\nand was a child when she came with her parents from\\nOhio to St. Joseph County. She well remembers\\nthe time when they came crossing the streams and\\nmarshes as best they could, ferrying over the larger\\nstreams and fording the smaller ones. All who\\ncrossed the dismal Maumee Swamp in those days well\\nremember it; there were days in succession when\\nthey could look back from where they pitched their\\ntents in the evening, to where they broke camp on\\nthe morning of the same day. From two to four ox", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0638.jp2"}, "639": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN\\nor horse teams were necessary to draw an ordinary\\nload of household goods from two to four miles per\\nday. Many emigrated in what were called Penn-\\nsylvania Schooners. To attempt a pen picture of\\nthis grotesque vehicle would be a hazardous under-\\ntaking. It no doubt received the name of schooner\\nfrom its capacious storage room, and the deep pan-\\neled, odd shaped box which to an imaginative mind\\nmight have resembled in a very slight degree, the\\nbody of a schooner before it was rigged with sails.\\nHowever this may have been, if Capt. Andrew Rob-\\ninson, who built the first vessel bearing this name had\\nlived to see this wagon, he certainly would have pro-\\nnounced it a burlesque upon his graceful craft.\\nIt was the custom in those days, when contemplat-\\ning a journey of any great distance, to construct a\\ncover for this huge vehicle. A number of bows,\\nmade of tough elastic wood, as hickory or ash, were\\ngotten out and shaved thin after the manner of mak-\\ning hoops. They were long, bent into a semicircle\\nand fastened to the sides of the wagon box by means\\nof cleats. Over the bows heavy canvas was stretched\\nand fastened down at the sides and back end, thus\\nforming a covering which was impervious to the rain\\nand a protection against the burning rays of the sun\\nor the chilly winds of autumn. The scanty supply of\\nhousehold goods were packed in the bottom of the\\nwagon box, the bedding uppermost, upon which the\\nwife and children were snugly ensconced. A neces- I\\nsary accompaniment was a brace of hounds and the i\\nold flint-lock musket. It was in about this style that\\nMr. John Bair moved his. family and effects to Michi-\\ngan. A little casuality occurred while crossing a\\nstream which we give here in the language of Eliza-\\nbeth Driskel. As we were fording a deep stream,\\nour wagon upset. Mother had ray infant sister Mary\\nin her arms, and they would have been drowned if\\nmother s hair had not got tangled in the bows of the\\nwagon cover and held her out of the water until father\\ncould get to her. How father saved us all I don t\\nknow, but he did.\\nDuring the first year of Mr. Bair s residence in\\nNewberg, he alternated farming with hunting, fishing\\nand trapping. In his hunting and trapping excur-\\nsions he was in the habit of stopping where night\\novertook him, with no companion but his dog and\\nij;un. He was familiar with the location and bound-\\naries of all the lands in this region, and thus wiis able\\nto render valuable assistance to those who wished to\\npurchase lands or make entries. At one time, when j\\nthe land office was located at Monroe, some land\\nsharks iiad been in the neighborhood looking up\\nland, and obtaiTied the description of a lot that\\nanother party had selected and designed purchasing j\\nfor a home. The land sharks were on their way\\nto the land office, rejoicing in the thought that the\\ncoveted prize would soon be secured. A brief con-\\nsultation was held by the party who wished the land\\nfor a home, and Mr. Bair agreed, for a consideration,\\nto outstrip them and enter the land for his friend.\\nHe set out at once on foot through the forests, paying\\nno attention to roads which were at this time very\\nindirect. When the land sharks reached Mon-\\nroe, they found, to their utmost surprise and chagrin,\\nthat they had been outdone, for Mr. Bair was there\\nand most graciously informed them that they were a\\nlittle too late, he having already secured the land.\\nMr. Bairs hospitality was known far and near,\\nand his cabin was a wayside inn to all persons passing\\nthrough the wilderness in those days, whether they\\nwere ministers of the Gospel, land viewers, hunters\\nand trappers, white men or Indians.\\nThe two persons who have resided longest in New-\\nberg are Elizabeth Driskel and Asa Bair, children of\\nJohn and Ruth Bair. Harriet Ridge, who now lives\\nin the village of Marcellus, another of their children,\\nwas the first white child born in Newberg Township.\\nThe remaining children are Mary, Nancy, Joseph,\\nMyron, Ruthina and John.\\nThe next person to enter land and make a settle-\\nment in the township of Newberg was Daniel Driskel,\\nin the fall of 1834. His first entry was dated Octo-\\nber 17, 1833, on Section 36. He, with his family,\\ncame from Ohio to St. Joseph County, and thence to\\nNewberg, and settled on Section 35, near where his\\npresent residence is situated. Here he continues to\\nlive, the only one left of the earliest settlers. Mr.\\nDriskel, by hard work and prudent management, has\\nadded to his possessions until he has now a large and\\nwell-improved farm, one of the best in this part of\\nthe township. He and his wife Rebecca, the daugh-\\nter of William D. Jones, have borne well their share\\nof the labors and responsibilities of pioneer life, and\\nwill be remembered by the good people of Newberg\\nwhen they recount the lives and deeds of their most\\nvalued citizens. Of the three children born to them,\\nbut one, Helen, is living.\\nIn 1835, George Poe settled on Section 22. He\\ncame from Crawford County, Ohio, and made his first\\nentry of land September 16, 1835. He subsequently\\nmade other entries, and other members of the Poe\\nfamily came in and made settlements in the same\\nlocality, thus forming the nucleus of a settlement\\nwhich is to-day known as the Poe neighborhood, and\\nfrom which Poe s Corner takes its name. This family\\nare descendants of Adam Poe, the noted Indian\\nfighter. During this year, entries were made by A.\\nJ. Poe, Marverick Rudd, Thomas Armstrong, Sam-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0639.jp2"}, "640": {"fulltext": "420\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nWilliam\\nuel Hutchings, Felix Girton, John Grinell.\\nD. Jones and others.\\nIn the year 1836, a number of settlements were\\nmade, the priority of which it is difficult to determine,\\nbut among them was John Grinell. He was a native of\\nVermont leaving that State when but a small lad, he\\nwent to Onondaga County, N. Y.. and thence to Penn\\nTownship, Cass County, in 1834, where he remained\\ntwo years, and then he became a resident of New-\\nberg Township, where he resided until his death.\\nThe date of his first entry of land is December 23,\\n1836, and that of his second entry, February 18,\\n1836, the former entry being on Section 31, and the\\nlatter on Section 30. He came with two horse teams,\\nbringing his family, household goods, and provisions\\nenough to last during the journey he was also accom-\\npanied by Mr. Barker and Stephen Rudd. He\\nreached Penn Township in the fivll of 1834, with but\\n$25 in his pocket, and this he invested in a milch\\ncow, which proved to be a very fortunate purchase,\\nas she was the main support of the family during the\\nwinter. Potatoes, salt and milk constituted their\\nfrugal fare for many days in succession. The next\\nspring he rented a farm and put out spring crops.\\nThe memorable June frost of this year injured the\\ncorn, but the oat crop was bountiful and proved to be\\nvery remunerative, as they were worth $1.10 per\\nbushel at Kalamazoo.\\nThe following spring, 1836, he moved to his farm\\nin Newberg, on Section 30, where he had built a\\nlog cabin the previous winter; here he lived until his\\ndeath, which occurred in 1838. Of the children of\\nJohn Grinell and his wife Lucinda, nee Rudd, the\\ntwo eldest, Silas and Zelia, are deceased M. P., is\\nin North Michigan Thomas W., in Wisconsin Abbie,\\nin Volinia Barrak, in California; Sally, in Pennsyl-\\nvania; J. R., in Newberg on the old homestead, and\\nSylvester, in Cassopolis.\\nBarker F. Rudd, a native of Vermont, came to\\nCass County in 1834. He and his brother Stephen\\nstarted from Vermont with teams, and as they passed\\nthrough the State of New York, stopped at John\\nGrinell s, a brother-in-law, and prevailed on him to\\naccompany them. They all came to Calvin Township,\\nwhere a sister of the Rudds, Mrs. Jessie Hutchings,\\nresided. Barker and Stephen worked at their trade,\\nthat of carpenters and joiners, for some time in the\\nemploy of an uncle, Henry Jones, for whom they\\nbuilt a dwelling house. While living on Young s\\nPrairie, Mr. Rudd purchased the first cook stove in\\nthe neighborhood, which was looked upon as a very\\ndoubtful innovation.\\nIn 1836, Barker erected a frame house on land be-\\nlonging to his brother Maverick, on Section 31, and\\nmoved into it, and from this time until his death he\\nwas a resident of this township. While residing here,\\nhe constructed a saw-mill on the banks of a small\\nstream on Section 32. His was the first saw-mill in\\nthe township. The little stream that was to furnish\\nthe motive power failed the next fall, in conse-\\nquence of the dry weather. About this time, Bald-\\nwin Jenkins, of Pokagon, made him a visit and Mr.\\nRudd, who no doubt was somewhat elated over his\\nmill, as it was the first and only one in that section\\nof the country, invited his friend and the ladies to\\ntake a walk down and view it. After looking it over\\nand hearing Mr. Rudd s enthusiastic remarks con-\\ncerning it, Baldwin very seriously inquired if there\\nwas any water there when he built the mill.\\nThe following is from papers prepared by Mr. Rudd\\nfor publication a short time before his death\\nIn the fall of 1834, I saw Cass County for the\\nfirst time. I landed on what is now Calvin Town-\\nship, where I had a sister living, the wife of Jesse\\nHutchinson. She is now in Iowa with the rest of\\nthe Hutchinson family. The first vote I remember of\\ncasting was in an old house, on what is now the farm of\\nWilliam Jones, located near where the road strikes\\nthe marsh going west from James Bower s place. This\\nwas an election of delegates to form the State Consti-\\ntution. James O Dell, Baldwin Jenkins and Col. New-\\nton, were the delegates of the Whig party. I shall\\nnever forget an old Whig voter in his zeal and under\\nthe inspiration of old rye, declaring that whoever\\nvoted that ticket would clear himself from hell.\\nPretty strong language I thought. I voted for them\\nand they were all elected.\\nA short time before Horace Nicholson met his sad\\nfate in Lilly Lake, he and I were getting up a petition\\nto the Territorial Legislature, to have the township of\\nNewberg organized. Horace remarked we will spell\\nit differently from other burgs, so we spelled it\\nberg. Barker Rudd was a man full of energy\\nand enterprise, and whatever he turned his hand to\\nhe did with all his might. He was often called upon\\nby his fellow-citizens to fill positions of honor and\\ntrust. At the time of his death, he was living in the\\nnorthwest part of the township, on Section 6, where\\nhis widow now resides with her son Nelson. The\\nchildren are Harriet, Abbie, Candace, Barrak,\\nThomas (deceased). Nelson and Alice.\\nWilliam D. Easton, a native of New Jersey, came\\nto New York when a young man, and remained about\\nsixteen years. While living in this State his first\\nwife. Ann\u00c2\u00bb Smith, who hal borne him three children,\\ndied. March 30. 1824, he married his second wife,\\nMary R. Powell. The fruit of this union was seven\\nchildren. In June, 1825, he moved to Calhoun", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0640.jp2"}, "641": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nCounty, Mich., and from thence to Nowberg Town-\\nship in 1836. There were but seven families in the\\ntownship when he came. He entered land on Sec-\\ntion 30. His son-in-law, William H. Pemberton, is\\nliving on the old homestead. William H. Pember-\\nton has been a citizen of Newberg since 1844, and has\\nfilled the office of Township Treasurer at different\\ntimes. William D. Easton filled the office of Town-\\nship Clerk for many terms in succession in the early\\nhistory of the township, and also the office of Justice\\nof the Peace. He was in the war of 1812 and drew\\na pension. He was a man of retiring disposition, but\\nactive and energetic in business. He departed this\\nlife in 1877, at the age of eighty-four years.\\nAlexander Allen, a native of the Emerald Isle,\\nemigrated to the State of New York in 1814, when\\ntwenty-three years of age. He came to Newberg in\\n1836, and entered land on Section 13, in July of the\\nsame year. He then returned to his former home in\\nWashington County, for his family, and the following\\nyear returned to Michigan, and from that time until\\nhis death he was a resident of the township; he was\\na mason by trade, and his log cabin was the first to\\nbe honored with a brick chimney and large brick bak-\\ning oven. Isaac Sprague burned a brick-kiln on the\\nfarm of James Glass, on Section 34, from which the\\nbrick was obtained. This was the first brick-kiln in\\nthis part of country.\\nWilliam D. Jones, a native of New York, came to\\nOhio in 1832, and from thence to Michigan in 1836.\\nHe entered his land November 18, 1835, on Section\\n34 he also made another entry on the same section\\nJuly 21, 1836. Two of his sons, Dudley and Minor,\\ncame in and commenced improvements on their fiither s\\nlands in the summer of 1836, and he followed them\\nwith the rest of the family in a few months. He built\\nhis log cabin on the north side of Bair Lake in the\\nfall of 1836, and where he resided until his tragical\\ndeath, which occurred on the night of the 18th of\\nJune, 1858. The manner of the death of William\\nD. Jones and his wife, Mary, whose maiden name\\nwas O.sborn, is the most heartrending that ever befalls\\nthe pen of the historian to record. Mr. Jones had\\npassed through all of the privations and hardships\\nincident to pioneer life, and had by long years of toil\\nand good management, cleared up and improved a\\nlarge farm reared, educated and provided for a large\\nfamily of children, and was now contemplating the\\nbuilding of a large and substantial brick dwelling, in\\nwhich to pass his declining years. The building was\\nwell under way, the material collected, and workmen\\nengaged in its erection at the time the tragedy oc-\\ncurred.\\nOn the night above mentioned, tho family retired\\nat the usual hour, Mr. Jones and two of the workmen\\nsleeping up-stairs and Mrs. Jones, an invalid at this\\ntime, and two young ladies, one a daughter, the other\\na grand-daughter, were sleeping below. About 11\\nj o clock, a dense smoke, which filled the whole house,\\ni aroused the workmen, who loudly gave the alarm\\nand rushed down stairs. The daughter had arisen,\\n1 ran through the back kitchen out to the well, leaving\\nthe doors open. This furnished a draft, and the\\nflames poured through the door into the main building,\\nthus cutting off the escape of the men in that direc-\\ntion. They fled to the front door and found that\\nfastened, but fortunately they chanced upon an ax,\\nI with which they battered it down and secured their\\nescape. They at once hastened to the window of\\nMrs. Jones bedroom, and broke it in to attempt her\\nrescue. This only furnished the fire fiend with a new\\nweapon. They were beaten back by the flames, and\\nwith the daughter and grand-daughter, were compelled\\nto stand by powerless to render any assistance im-\\nI potent witnesses of the holocaust. Mr. Jones suc-\\nceeded in reaching the foot of the stairs, where he was\\novercome with the smoke and flames, and perished.\\nThe grand-daughter never knew how or when she\\nmade her escape.\\nE. H. Jones, the youngest of their family, now\\nresides on the old homestead. He is a man of fine\\nintellectual abilities, and, in addition to the office of\\nJustice of the Peace, which he has held for many\\nyears, was elected to represent his district in the State\\nLegislature in 1862. The village of Jones, which\\nbears his name, was surveyed and platted by him in\\n1875, but neither the plat nor date of survey is a matter\\nof record.\\nSpencer Nicholson, a native of Vermont, came into\\nthe township and settled on Section 32 in the fall of\\n1836. He laid out a village south of Lilly Lake and\\neast of the graveyard, but it belongs to the class of\\nvillages known as paper cities. Horace, his son,\\nalso entered land and made a settlement on the same\\nsection in the same year. In the fall of 1838, Horace\\nNicholson lost his life under the following circum-\\nstances He had shot and wounded a deer, which\\nplunged into the lake and swam across. Horace\\nI hurried to the bank of the lake where an old canoe\\nwas moored. The canoe was leaky and unsafe, but\\nin the hurry and excitement of the moment, he allowed\\nhis zeal to overcome his prudence and ventured out\\nin the rotten craft, intending to paddle across before\\nit would fill and sink, but the water gained on him so\\nfast that it went down before half-way across. He\\nwas a good swimmer, but from his reduced condition,\\ncaused by a recent attack of tlie fever and ague, and\\nthe water being very cold, he became chilled and was", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0641.jp2"}, "642": {"fulltext": "422\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nunable to make much headway, and sank to be aeen\\nno more. At the time of the accident, his father and\\nmother were on the bank of the lake, and saw their\\nson go down, but were unable to render him any aid.\\nSamuel Hutchings, a native of the State of New\\nYork, came to Portage County, Ohio, in 1833, and\\nfrom thence to Michigan in 1837. The date of his\\nland entries on Sections 32 and 33 is October 1, 1835,\\nbut he did not make a permanent settlement until\\n1837. He came from Ohio to Newberg with two\\nyoke of oxen attached to one wagon, bringing with\\nhim his family and household goods. His experiences\\nas a pioneer were the same as all those who emigrate\\nto a new and undeveloped country must necessarily\\npass through. Of his children now living. Nelson A.\\nand Harriet J. are in Newberg, the former on the old\\nhomestead Charlotte A. and Martha, in St. Joseph\\nFlora M., in South Haven, and Marvin 0. in Wash-\\nington Territory.\\nSamuel Eberhard, a native of Pennsylvania, came\\nwith his parents, David and Susan Eberhard., to Craw-\\nford County, Ohio, in 1826, where he remained ten\\nyears, and from thence he came with his parents to\\nPorter Township, where his father entered land and\\nremained one year. The date of his settlement in\\nNewberg is 1837. His father moved from Ohio to\\nMichigan with ox teams, having four and sometimes\\nsix oxen attached to the wagon which was loaded with\\n1,600 pounds of household goods, provisions for the\\njourney and other effects. His father also brought\\nwith him ten head of cattle and a number of sheep.\\nThere was such a plentiful supply of wild game in\\nthe forests when they came that, during the year they\\nlived in Porter Township, they purchased but fifteen\\npounds of pork of John Bair, paying him twenty-five\\ncents per pound. In the fall of 1836, Samuel s suc-\\ncess as a hunter was established. He. in eighteen\\nsuccessive days, killed forty-five deer with what he\\nterms his pillock rifle.\\nDuring the winter of 1836-37, he and his father\\nconstructed their first log cabin in Newberg Township,\\non Section 22, and in the spring of 1837 moved into\\nit, and from that time until the present Samuel has\\nbeen a citizen of this township. The hewed logs of\\nthis cabin are in a sound condition and may be seen\\nto-day in a log stable on Section 23, where Samuel\\nnow resides.\\nIn the spring of 1847. while engaged in planting\\ncorn, Samuel s hoe struck on some object which, at\\nfirst, he thought to be an old root, but on closer ex-\\namination it proved to be a roll of clay, which on\\nbeing broken open was found to contain an Indian s\\ncalumet or pipe of peace. It was constructed in such\\na manner as to perform the double office of pipe and\\ntomahawk. What lends greater interest to this instru-\\nment is the ingenious way in which the copper edge\\nis let into and welded to the iron blade. The method\\nof uniting copper and iron was known to the ancients,\\nbut may now be classed among the lost arts. This\\npipe is now among the archives of the Pioneer Society\\nat Cassopolis.\\nRachel and Betsey Eberhard, sisters of Samuel,\\nwere the first interments inthePoe Cemetery. Rachel\\ndeceased the 7th of May and Betsey the 14th of the\\nsame month in 1838.\\nHiram Harwood, a native of Vermont, emigrated\\nto New York and from there to St. Joseph County,\\nMich., in 1831. He and his family, accompanied by\\nGard Sickles and family, came with teams by way of\\nthe Erie Canal and the lakes to Detroit, and thence\\nacross the southern part of Michigan to Three Rivers,\\nwhere Hiram Harwood made his home for six years.\\nThe country around Three Rivers at this time was\\nsparsely settled, there being only one log house where\\nThree Rivers now stands. He lived in a trader s bark\\nshanty the first winter, his table being an old chest,\\nand very often his scanty meal consisted of nothing\\nbut potatoes and salt, and this condiment cost fifteen\\ncents per pound. He entered his land in Newberg,\\nJanuary, 1837, on Section 24. Here, on the banks\\nof what is now known as Corey Lake, he erected his\\nlog cabin. Joshua Corey had settled on the same\\nsection the year previous, and he was the only neigh-\\nbor residing within three miles, and Three Rivers was\\nhis nearest trading-point. With the early history of\\nthe township he was intimately identified, as will be\\nseen by reference to its civil Use. He was a man of\\ngreat fortitude, seldom changing his opinions and\\nplans when once formed. He was a pensioner of the\\nwar of 1812. His remains with that of his wife sleep\\nin the Corey Burying Ground. Of the children now\\nliving, Nathan and Silas are living in Newberg, the\\nformer on the old homestead, and Daniel A., in St.\\nJoseph County; Maila A., Sarah A., and Betsey are\\ndeceased.\\nMyron F. Burney, son of Thomas Burney, came\\nwith his father to this township when two years of\\nage, and has lived here ever since. He is a respected\\ncitizen and lives on his farm on Section 7. 1 i\\nPeter Harwood, a native of Wayne County, N. Y., t\\narrived with his family in Newberg in 1842, and\\nsettled on Section 25, being the first settler on that\\nsection. His son, William M., resides on Section 16,\\nwhere he has a fiiie farm under a good state of culti-\\nvation. He is spoken of as one of the progressive\\nfarmers of the township. Peter Harwood and his\\nwife Mary (Averill) were interred in the Corey Lake\\nCemetery.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0642.jp2"}, "643": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n423\\nMartin Van Buren, native of Columbia County,\\nN. Y., emigrated to Battle Creek, Mich., in 1836,\\nwhere he remained seven years. From thence he\\nremoved to Brady, Kalamazoo County, but remained\\nthere only a few months, when he moved to Three\\nRivers, where he resided until his removal to New-\\nberg in 1845. The first vote he ever cast was on the\\nadmission of the Territory of Michigan as a State. He\\nnow lives on Section 27.\\nSally A. Pound, the widow of Thomas Pound, is\\nliving on the old homestead on Section 25. Thomas\\npurchased the land which was designated as Govern-\\nment swamp land about 1843.\\nThomas N. Dyer, a native of Vermont, emigrated\\nto New York when a young man, where he resided\\nfor a number of years. He moved from New York\\nto Constantine, St. Joseph County, in 1835, where\\nhe lived until he moved to Newberg in 1843, and\\nsettled on Section 33, where he died in 1879. He\\nwas in the war of 1812. His son, James M., lives\\non the old homestead.\\nReason S. Pemberton, a native of Ohio, moved to\\nIndiana about 1832, and from thence to Michigan in\\n1843, and settled in Penn Township. His son, Will-\\niam H. H. Pemberton, came to Newberg in the spring\\nof 1870, bought a farm of William D. Easton, on Sec-\\ntion 30, where he is living at the present time.\\nJ. S. Tompkins, a native of the State of New York,\\ncame with his father and two brothers to Trumbull\\nCounty, Ohio, in 1828. They walked from Buffalo,\\na distance of about two hundred miles. Jabes S.\\nTompkins was only nine years of age at this time.\\nWhen he was twelve years old he was apprenticed to\\nJoseph M. Thorn for eight years and one month, or\\nuntil he was twenty-one, to learn the shoemaker s\\ntrade. He came from Ohio to Michigan, and became\\na resident of Newberg in 1852. Has followed farm-\\ning till the last three years, which time he has been\\nin a hotel at Jones Village.\\nThere are many others who came into the town-\\nship at a later day, but they cannot be consid-\\nered pioneers, although many of them did the first\\nwork upon their farms. As belonging to this class\\nwe enumerate the following persons A. P. Beeman,\\nThomas McKee, Philo Brown, A. M. Sisson, John-\\nson Driskel, Samuel McKee, A. P. Boyer, George\\nStanderline, G. P. Mann, George Evans, J. M. Mc-\\nKee and others.\\nJohn Hurd and his wife Rebecca (Walker) settled\\non Section 32 in 1836. They were from England\\ncame to America in 1828, and lived in Crawford\\nCounty, Ohio, for eight years. Four children came\\nwith them from England, and four were born in\\nAmerica. The eldest, Mary, married John Lybrook,\\nand resides in La Grange Township. John, who is a\\nminister of the Disciples Church, lives at Paw Paw.\\nAnn (Chittenden) is in Iowa. Rebecca (Richardson),\\nThomas and Isaac are deceased, and Solomon and\\nSamuel are in Texas. Mrs. Hurd is deceased, but\\nthe husband and father of the family is still living at\\nthe age of eighty-one years, and makes his home with\\nhis daughter, Mrs. Lybrook.\\nThe following comprises a list of the\\nORIGINAL LAND ENTRIES\\nof the township, and will be valued on account of\\ntheir historic interest.\\nSection 1.\\nJames Hunter, Cass County, Mieh., April 19, 1837 80\\nJames Ray, Jr., Cass County, Mich., April 10, 1837 80\\nSimon Ramsey. St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 19, 1838 80\\nJohn Maguire, Monroe County, N. V July 11, 1838 40\\nCharles P. Sweet, St. Joseph County, Mich., Dec. 8, 1862 39\\nSkotion 2.\\nMiles P. Lanipson, Genesee Coiinty, July li, 183li 80\\nChauncey Wood, St. Joseph County, Mich., July 27, 183G IC.O\\nAdolphus Chapin, St. Joseph County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1336... 80\\nWesley Sweet, St. Joseph County, Mich., Dec. 1, 1852 80\\nWilliam Bird, St. Joseph County. Mich., Dec. 30, 1862 40\\nWilliam D. Norton, Medina County, Ohio, Oct. 21, 1853 80\\nSection 3.\\nMiles P. Lampson, Genesee County, N. Y., July 18, 183(1... 100\\nChauncey Wood, St. Joseph County, Mich., July 27, 18.SC 39G\\nDaniel Linn, St. Joseph County, Mich 80\\nSection 4.\\nDaniel Linn, St. Joseph County, Mich., March 13, 1837 80\\nWilliam L. Bixby, Cass County, Mich., June 7, 1849 158\\nDayid Stickney, St. Joseph County, Mich., March 30, 1852.. 80\\nWilliam D. Norton, Medina County, Ohio, Oct. 21, 1852 160\\nHenry K. Palmer, Orleans County, N. Y., Oct. 17,1853 160\\nSection 5.\\nHenry Van Gasken, Philadelphia, Penn., Jan. 10. 1887 80\\nJames Burns, Wayne County, Mich., Jan. 10, 1887 2S6\\nArchibald Salmon, Wayne County. Micb., Jan. 16, 1837 80\\nMorris D. Moore, Wayne County, Mich., Jan. 16, 1837 240\\nSection 6.\\nHenry Ladd, Oneida County, N. Y., May 27, 1836 76\\nHenry Ladd, Oneida County, N. Y., July 13, 1830 80\\nWilliam Meek, Jr., St. Joseph County, Mich., July 13, 1886, lliO\\nRobert Meek, St. Joseph County. Mich., July 13, 1836 70\\nDavid Ladd, Oneida County, N. Y., May 13, 1836 69\\nSusan Lamli, Cass County, Mich., March 21, 1848 141\\nSE(moN 7.\\nWilliam Meek, St. Joseph County, Mich., July 14, 18.36 80\\n.Marcus Sherrill, Onondaga County, N. Y., July 18, 1836 881\\nSusan Lamb, Cass County, Mich., March 22 and Not. 3,\\n1848 80", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0643.jp2"}, "644": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0124\\nHISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSection 8.\\nSelleok Richardson, Ontario County, N. Y., Jan. 10, 1S37.... 80\\nArthur Hughes, Wayne County, Mich., Jan. 10, 1837 80\\nAmory H. Chapman, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 25, 1845 80\\nMary Ann Bixby, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 5, 1850 240\\nClifford Shanahan, Cass County, Mich., June 9, 1853 40\\nClifford Shanahan, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 12, 1853 160\\nSection 9.\\nLucian T. Metcalf, Otsego County, N. Y., Feb. 24, 1837 40\\nPeter Van Scoy, Cass County, Mich., March 6, 1838 40\\nGeorge Pierce, Medina County, Ohio, Nov. 1850 160\\nClifford Shanahan, Cass County, Mich., June 8 and 15, 1853. 320\\nClifford Shanahan, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 12, 1853 80\\nSection 10.\\nMiles P. Lampson, Genesee County, N. Y., July 18, 1837... 160\\nCbauncey Wood, St. Joseph County, Mich., July 27, 1837.... 320\\nLucian T. Metcalf, Otsego County, N. Y., Feb. 24, 1837 80\\nDaniel Pease, St. Joseph County, Mich., April 21, 1837 40\\nSection 11.\\nMiles P. Lampson, Genesee County, N. Y., July 18, 1836... 160\\nBuei; Wood, St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 26, 1837 80\\nAbner Hibray, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 28, 1852 80\\nEbenezer M. Norton, Medina County, Ohio, July 3,1852 200\\nWilliam D. Norton, Medina County, Ohio, Oct. 21, 1853 40\\nSection 12.\\nNorman Harvey, St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 26, 1837.... 160\\nRichard Chamberlain, St. Joseph County, Mich., Nov. 4,\\n1852 160\\nSection 13.\\nAlexander Allen, Washington County, N. Y., July 25, 1830... 154\\nHiram Harwood, St. Joseph County, Mich., Jan. 9, 1837 80\\nJohn S. Newhall, St. Joseph County, Mich., Feb. 10, 1837... 80\\nSauiuel Smith, Casa County, Mich., June 3, 1840 40\\nSection 14.\\nAdolphus Chapin, St. Joseph County, Deo. 16, 1836 320\\nEphraim Pine, Wayne County, Jan. 12, 1837 80\\nJohn S. Newhall, St. Joseph County, Feb. 10, 1837 80\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Section 15\\nWilliam Hamilton, St. Joseph County, March 4, 18311 80\\nJohn S. Barry, St. Joseph County, April 22, 1 36 lllO\\nChauncey Wood, SI. Joseph County, July 27, 1836 H .O\\nBuell Wood, St. Joseph County, .Ian. 26, 1837 80\\nAlbert Andrus, St. Joseph County, Feb. 20, 18.37 80\\nSylvester I ease, .St. Joseph County, April 21, 1837 40\\nSection 16.\\nSchool Lands.\\nSection 17.\\nThomas Charlton, Sl. Joseph County, Dec. 15 1836 H O\\nJames Bradford, Wayne County, Jan. 10, 1887 160\\nJohn llurd, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 26, 1837 160\\nJames M. Chapman, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 12, 1849 40\\nClifford Shanahan, Cass County, Mich., June 8, 1853 120\\nSection 18.\\nMarcus SherriU, Onondaga County. N. Y., July 18, 1886 240\\nAmelia M. Mead, Cass County, Mich., April 1, 1837 61\\nIra Meacham, Cass County, Mich., April 1, 1837 62\\nGeorge Meacham, Cass County, Mich April 1, 1837 80\\nLevi Chapman, Medina County, Ohio, Oct. 7, 1844 80\\nJohn Hurd, Jr., Cass County, Mich., May 18, 1848 80\\nSection 19.\\n.Jason Powell, Calhoun County, Dec. 14, 1836 134\\nMartin Easton, Cass County, Mich., May 17, 1849 142\\nCharles F. Wood, Cass County, Mich., April 22, 1853 40\\nSection 20.\\nIra Warren, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1836 157\\nCharles S. Adams, St. Joseph County, Feb. 14, 1837 40\\nR. Crego, Cass County, Mich., Nov. 2, 1847 80\\nSection 21.\\nThomas Armstrong, St. .Joseph County, Oct. 21, 1835 240\\nGeorge Poe, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1836 80\\nNorman Smith, Lenawee County, Dec. 14, 1836 320\\nSection 22.\\nGeorge Poe, Crawford County, Ohio, Sept. 16, 18.35 120\\nSamuel Hutchings, Portage County, Ohio, f)ct. 1, 1885 40\\nThomas Armstrong, St. Joseph County, Oct. 21, 1835 280\\nReason B. Brody, St. Joseph County, April 20, 1836 120\\nGeorge Poe, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1836 40\\nGeorge Poe, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1836 40\\nSection 23.\\nNotsil Baer, St. Joseph County, May 14, 1836 80\\nGeorge Poe, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 14, 1836 80\\nJames Temple, St. Joseph County, April 27, 1837 160\\nWilliam Jones, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 10, 1839 40\\nPeter L. Baldy, St. Joseph (Jounty, Aug. 2, 1852 ^40\\nMoses Deahof, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 12, 1852 40\\nSection 24.\\nJoshua B. Corey, St. Joseph Cuuuty, April 21, 1836 96\\nNathan Harwood, St. Joseph County, May 3, 1836 30\\nAmos Emerson, Monroe County, N. Y., May 25, 1836 40\\nJoshua 15. Corey, St. Joseph County, July 18, 1836 121\\nHiram Harwood, St. Joseph County, Jan. 9. 1837 160\\nSection 25.\\nChauncey Wood, St. Joseph County, July 27, 1836, entire.... 640\\nSection 26.\\nJoseph Grinell, New Bedford, Mass., July 18, 1830 320\\nAllen Miller, Cass County, Mich., June 3, 1837 40\\nJames Churchill, Ca.ss County, Mich., March 31, ISVi 40\\nSection 27.\\nGeorge Poe, Crawford County, Ohio, Sept. 16, 1835 40\\nAndrew J. Poe, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 10, 1836 40\\nRoger Wilson, Cayuga County, N. Y., Feb. 25, 1836 160\\nReason B. Brody, St. Joseph County, April 26, 1836 40\\nHugh Brody, St. Joseph County, July 5, 1836 80\\nJoseph OrincU, New Bedford, Mass., July 18. 1836 280\\nSection 28.\\nThomas Armstrong, St. Joseph County, Oct. 21, 1836 160\\nAbram Hutchings, Lucas County, Ohio, March 10, 1836 71\\nHazen Whittier, Rockingham, N. H., July 7, 18.36 240\\nGeorge Poe, Ca.ss County. Mich., .luly 18, 1836 120", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0644.jp2"}, "645": {"fulltext": "0^\\n%J0\\nj/,;viE3 M .chAPMAK-", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0645.jp2"}, "646": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0646.jp2"}, "647": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0647.jp2"}, "648": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0648.jp2"}, "649": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUJSjTY, MICHIGAN.\\nSamuel Hutchings, Cass County, Mich., July 15, 18\\nJohn Hurd, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 26, 1837\\nHoratio N. Monroe, Kalamazoo County, Mich., Jan.\\nSection 80.\\nJohn Grinell, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 18, 1836....,\\n231\\n1837. 122\\nSilas Grinell, Cass County, Mich., March 16, 1886\\nSpencer Nicholson, Rutland County, Vt., July 18, 1836.\\nMaverick Rudd, Cass County, Mich., July IS, 1886\\nLewis Powell, Calhoun County, Dec. 14, 183(1\\nWilliam D. Easton, Calhoun County, Jan. 10, 1837\\nAlanson Ward, (Senesee County, N. Y., Feb. 1, 1837\\nSection 31.\\nFelix Girton, Cass County, Mich., Dec. 23, 1835\\nJohn Grinell, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 18, 1835\\nMaverick Rudd, Cass County, Mich., Feb. 24, 1835\\nLazarus Everhart, St. Joseph County, July 18, 183C\\nSilas Grinell, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1836\\n.Maverick Rudd, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1836\\nBenjamin M. Girton, Cass County, Mich., Jan. 21, 1837.\\nIra Warren, Cass County, Mich., Sept. 24, 1844\\nJoshua Richardson, Cass County, Mich., April 20, 1853..\\nAndrew J. Smith, Cass County, Mich., Oct. 17, 1863\\nSection 32.\\nSamuel Hutchings, Portage County, Ohio, Oct. 1, 1835...\\nBarker F: Rudd, Cass County, Mich., March 7, 1836\\nWarren Patchen, Steuben County, N. Y., March 26, 183f\\n.Spencer Nicholson, Rutland County, Vl., July 6, 1836...\\nBarker F. Rudd, Cass County, Mich., July 18, 1836\\nMarvin Hannahs, Oneida County, N. Y., July 25, 1836..\\nJeremiah Rudd, Rutland County, Vt., July 6, 1836\\nHorace Nicholson, I ass County, Mich., April 27, 1837...\\nSection 33.\\nSamuel Hutchings. Portage County, Ohio, Oct. 1, 1835\\nWilliam Wilson, Niagara County, N. Y., May 14, 1836\\nHazen Whittier, Rockingham County, N. H., July 15, 1836..\\nLazarus Everhan, St. Joseph County, Ind., July 10, 1836....\\nMarvin Hannahs, Oneida County, N. Y., July 25, 1830\\nDaniel Pease, St. Joseph County, April 21, 1837\\nSection 34.\\nJohn Bair, St. Joseph County, Ind., Oct. 10, 1832\\nWilliam D. Jones, Seneca County, N. Y., Nov. 18, 183{\\nJohn Bair, Cass County, Mich., July 14, 1830\\nWilliam Jones, Ashtabula County, Ohio, July 21, 1830.\\nRoger Wilson, Cayuga County, N. Y., Feb. 26, 1830....\\nJohn Bair, St. Joseph County, Ind., Dec. 14,1830\\nSection 35.\\nDaniel Driskell, Casg County, Mich., Aug. 5, 1834\\nJohn Orr, Livingston (Jounty, N. Y., Sept. 15, 1835\\nWilliam D. Jones, Seneca County, N. Y., Nov. 18, 1835..\\nDaniel Driskell, Cass County, .Mich., March 2, 1830\\nllazen Whittier, Rockingham County, Vt., July 7, 1830..\\n[ines. Ashtabula County, Ohio, July 21, 1836...\\nWiUii\\nOtis Murdock, Madison County, N. V., July 22, 1836\\nAdolphus Chapin, St. Joseph County, Ind., Jan. 18, 1837\\nHeman B. Brownell, St. Joseph County, Ind., April 3, 1840..\\nSkition 30.\\nDaniel Driskell, St. Joseph County, Ind., Oct. 17, 1833\\nAbraiD Moe, Washtenaw County, March 31, 1830\\nOtis Murdock, Madison County, N. Y., July 22, 1836\\nAlva I ine, Washtenaw (bounty, July 22, 1830 80\\nAlex A. Weatherwax, Schenectady County, V. Y., July 22.\\n1830 40\\nChauncey Wood, St. Joseph County, Ind., July 27, 1886 321\\nThe township of Newberg was created by an act of\\nthe State legislature, approved March 6, 1838, the\\nenacting clause reading as follows All that part of\\nthe county of Cass designated in the United States\\nSurvey as Township No. 6, south of Range 13,\\nwest, be and the same is hereby set off, and organized\\ninto a separate township by the name of Newberg, and\\nthe first township meeting shall be held at the house\\nof John Bair, in said township.\\nMuch of the land in this township was originally\\nowned by speculators, which postponed the advent of\\npermanent settlers and greatly retarded its develop-\\nment and growth. Hence, it was one of the last town-\\nships in the county to receive a population sufficiently\\nlarge to warrant its separate organization. Previous\\nto the year 1836, the country remained comparatively\\nan unbroken wilderness, with no inhabitant, save the\\nIndians, who traversed the forests in pursuit of game,\\nand seldom pitched their wigwams for any great length\\nof time within its borders.\\nThe surface is rough and hilly, in many localities\\nthe hilly peaks rising to a considerable height. There\\nwere no extensive plains, or open prairies, to invite\\nthe early settler, but on the contrary the greater por-\\ntion of the township was covered with a very heavy\\ngrowth of timber. The soil is what might be denomi-\\nnated a gravelly clay, with many small stones scattered\\nover its surface, and often large bowlders may be seen.\\nNotwithstanding the roughness of the country, the\\nwell-filled granaries bear witness to the productive\\nqualities of the soil, which is adapted to all the cereals\\nraised in this latitude, and affords the husbandmen\\nabundant remuneration for his labors. According to\\ndata contained in the annual report of the Secretary\\nof the State of Michigan, we glean the following facts\\nrelative to farms and farm products\\nIn 1880, the number of acres of laud in farms in the\\ntownship of Newberg, were 15,682, of which it, 488\\nacres were improved, and 6,11)4 unimproved whole\\nnumber of farms 188, and the average number of acres\\nin each farm, 83.41. The number of acres of wheat\\nproduced in 1871I, were 3,413, which yielded 64,228\\nbushels, making an average yield per acre of 18.82\\nbushels for the same year there were 260 acres of\\nclover, with a yield of 330 bushels 80 acres of po-\\ntatoes, with a yield of 9,563 bushels; 1,028 acres\\nof meadow, with a yield of 1,216 tons of hay and in\\n1880 there were 1,625 acres of corn produced, with\\na yield of 85,449 bushels of ears 565 acres of oats,\\nwith a yield of 13,224 bushels.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0649.jp2"}, "650": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nFrom the same source we obtain the following\\nstatements in regard to live stock\\nIn the month of May, 1880, there were in the town-\\nship, 425 horses, 357 milch cows, 355 cattle, other\\nthan milch cows, 933 hogs, 1,440 sheep. There were\\nalso 447 acres of apple orchard, from which there were\\n5,394 bushels sold and the number of pounds of\\ngrapes sold were 4,500.\\nThis township was named by John C. Saxton, in hon-\\nor of a town in Ohio, of which he cherished pleasant\\nmemories, but the orthography of the last syllable,\\nwhich is usually spelled burg, was changed to\\nberg, at the suggestion of Horace Nicholson.\\nThe following comprises a list of the personal and\\nreal estate of the resident tax-payers of Newberg in\\n1838.\\nJohn Grinell\\ntiO\\n240\\nMicajiah Grinell\\n60\\n189\\n.Julius E. Nicholson\\n10\\ni. ^n\\nSpencer Nicholson\\n100\\n228\\nOliva Nicholson\\n10\\n132\\nJeremiah Rudd\\n115\\n213\\nJohn HurJ\\n245\\n1536\\nBarker F. Hurd\\n245\\n240\\nH.William\\n245\\n120\\n85\\n691\\nAbram Hutchings\\n75\\n210\\nLewis Powell\\n75\\n303\\nJasen Powell\\n85\\n396\\nW. D. Easton\\n92\\n300\\nIra Warren\\n162\\n834\\nOwen Deall\\n1G2\\nJoshua B. Cory\\n140\\n353\\nNathan Ilarwood\\n47\\n92\\nAlexander Allen\\n105\\n4r)3\\nHiram Harwood\\n135\\n120\\nGeorge Poe\\n113\\n480\\nReason B. Brody\\n112\\n480\\nPeter Van Scoye\\n30\\n120\\n112\\n890\\nIsaac Sprague\\n.52\\n240\\n290\\nDudley Jones\\n85\\n290\\n85\\n480\\nWilliam D. Jones\\n200\\n834\\n20\\n834\\nMiner Jones\\n25\\n834\\nJohn Bair\\n160\\n865\\nEnoch Baum\\n40\\n855\\nAllen Miller\\n00\\n120\\nVILLAGES.\\nWithin the township of Newberg there are two\\nsmall villages Jones and Corey.\\nJones is situated on the Air Line Railroad, on Sec-\\ntions 34 and 35. The section line road, running\\nnorth and south between those sections, forming the\\nmain street. The first business structure was put up\\nby H. Micksel, about 1871, and used for a grocery\\nand saloon. The next business building was built by\\nDavid Fairfield, who kept a general stock of goods,\\nand did business in it until it was burned. R. C.\\nSloan and William Meacham erected the next, and\\nran a general store. H. B. Doust erected the next, and\\nconducted a general store. The next store, built by\\nJohn Bair, is now occupied by A. L. Dunn, who car-\\nries a general stock. The next was by W. Leckner,\\nfor a meat market, which is now occupied by H. B.\\nDoust as a drug store. The next by S. P. King, and\\nis used by him as a shoe shop at this time. Henry\\nGiddings, the blacksmith, occupies a building put up\\nby the Arney Brothers. The hotel was built by\\nDavid Fairfield, who kept it as a public house for a\\ntime. It is now used for the same purpose, and is\\noccupied by J. S. Tompkins. Doty Tims conduct\\nthe harness business. H. D. Long keeps a general\\nstore in the Doust building, and is doing an extensive\\nbusiness. The hardware business is represented by\\nThomas Long. This village was platted by E.\\nH. Jones, hence its name. It contains at the present\\ntime a population of 118.\\nThe village of Corey was surveyed and laid out on\\nthe 4th day of April, 1872, by Amanda Weatherwax.\\nIt is situated on the Air Line Railroad, on Section\\n36. The first business building was put up by Capt.\\nHazen Brown, in 1873. He and his nephew, C. R.\\nCrawford, were the first merchants. Corey, at the\\npresent time, contains one general store, George W.\\nWatkins, proprietor, and one blacksmith shop, Wash-\\nington Piummer, proprietor. It has about fifteen\\ndwelling-houses and a population of forty-four. It\\npossesses a good depot, a post oflSce, and a Grange\\nhall.\\nDyer, a flag station on the Air Line, on Section 33,\\nhas no business interests, but is used only as a stop-\\nping place for the accommodation of passengers. It\\nwas so christened for J. M. Dyer, whose farm and\\nresidence is located here.\\nPOSTAL SERVICE.\\nAs there were no villages in the township of New-\\nberg until long after its organization, the first post\\noffices were, as a matter of necessity, kept at private\\nhouses. The first postal route established through\\nthe township was the one running from Centerville to\\nNiles, in 1836, and the first post office was at the\\nhouse of R. Crego, located on the southwest quarter\\nof Section 21. A. L. Dunn succeeded him, he hav-\\ning purchased Crego s farm. A. L. Dunn resigned\\nin favor of William H. Barnum, who was the third\\nand last at this place. The office was then removed\\nto E. H. Jones on Section 34, in 1870, and E. H.\\nJones was appointed Postmaster.\\nThe office is now at Jones Village, and R. C. Sloan", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0650.jp2"}, "651": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n4-i7\\nis the present Postmaster. There is also a post oflSce\\nat Corey Station.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nRealizing the importance of education, schools were\\nestablished at an early day, and some of the school-\\nhouses constructed of logs, but they have all been sup-\\nplanted with frame buildings, with which the nine\\nschool districts are supplied, and they have a total seat-\\ning capacity of 423. The number of children between\\nthe ages of five and twenty years are 562 and there\\nwas paid for their instruction during the last fiscal\\nyear, to male teachers, $785 female, $815.50.\\nThe school property is valued at $5,!I55. Vol-\\numes in public libraries, 336.\\nThe physicians of the township have not been\\nnumerous, the practice having been done by doctors\\nwho were located in the towns and villages adjacent\\nto this section. The first physician to locate and re-\\nmain in the township was Thomas L. Blakely, M. D.\\nDr. Blakely has been in the township for many years,\\nand is at the present time a practicing physician and\\nresident of Jones. He has been intimately indentified\\nwith the business interests of that place ever since it\\nstarted.\\nThe other professions are not represented.\\nDr. Reubin Schutz, who first located at Corey, then\\nmoved to White Pigeon, located in Jones some two\\nyears since, and is one of the leading physicians.\\nCorey Grange, No. 291, was organized February\\n27, 1874, at what was known at that time as the\\nLake House, a public house on the banks of Corey\\nLake. Its charter was issued by the National Grange\\nat Washington, on the 7th day of July, 1874, and re-\\nceived and recorded by the State Grange, August 1,\\nof the same year. The organization was removed\\nfrom the Lake House to Corey September 24,\\n1874, where it still remains. The society perfected\\nits incorporation on the 17th of April, 1880. The\\nfirst officers of this Grange were as follows A. P.\\nShepardson, M. H. W. Brown, 0. Grandville\\nKnevels, L. I. E. Wing, S. G. B. Rockwell. A. S.\\nA C. Shepardson, C. J. T. Ilay, S. C. R. Craw-\\nford, S. C. W. Furgason, G. K. Nancy Harwood,\\nC. Hellen Shepanlson, P. Maranda S. Brown, T.\\nLois L. Parker, L. A. S. The Grange numbers\\nsixty members at present.\\nKELIGIODS ORGANIZATIONS.\\nThe Methodist Episcopal Church of Newberg Town-\\nship was organized in the Baptist Church, at Poe s\\nCorners, in 1872, and belonged to the Cassopolis\\nCircuit from that time until 1876, when it was set off\\nto Marcellus Circuit, to which it belongs at this time.\\nAt the time of the organization, James Webster was\\nthe pastor in charge. The meetings were held for a\\ntime in the Baptist Church, before mentioned, and\\nafterward at David Fairfield s store, at Jones. David\\nFairfield was the first leader, and continued in this\\nposition until December 30, 1876, at which time H.\\nJ. Ferguson was appointed, who is the present leader.\\nThe ministers who have labored in this society are\\nRevs. James Webster, I. Willson, Eddy, A. M.\\nEidrid, J. White, J. Hoyt, W. P. French, and J. R.\\nSkinner. The names of the original members are as\\nfollows: David Fairfield, Loui.sa Fairfield, M. E.\\nTharp, Phoebe Dyer, Elizabeth Pound, Sarah Rum-\\nsey, J. E. Van Buren, Esther Brooks, Elsey Bows,\\nMrs. Alexander, Jacob Rumsey, Andrew Correll, S.\\nTodd, Margaret Todd, Catharine Cook. During Rev.\\nI I. Willson s labors there was a revival of religion, at\\nwhich time forty-four joined the Church, making a\\nmembership of sixty-one at the close of his meetings.\\nThere has been a Sabbath school connected with the\\nSociety ever since the organization. Church services\\nand Sabbath school are held, at the present time, in\\nthe hall at Jones.\\nFirst Regular Baptist Church was organized in\\nNewberg Township June 8, 1841. By request of the\\nBaptists of Newberg Township, Cass County, a coun-\\ncil convened, composed of delegates from the follow-\\ning Churches, viz. Centerville, Bro. J. Redway\\nPleasant Lake, Elder J. Price, Bros. B. Mead, M.\\nSherell, and J. S. Brown Schoolcraft, Elder William\\nTaylor; Constantine, Bros. William Churchill, Will-\\niam Blair, William Arnold, A. Churchill, R. Church-\\nill La Grange, Elder William T. Bly, and Bros. E.\\nQuick, G. Allen, Z. Mott, L. Forsyth, Cross Sher-\\nman, S. 0. Brown and T. Vance Liberty, Bros. J.\\nColyer, M. Zone, and M. Reams. The council duly\\norganized the church under the name of The First\\nBaptist Church of Newberg. Elder William Taylor\\ndelivered the discourse, Elder Jacob Price gave the\\nright hand of fellowship, and Elder William B.\\nBrown delivered the charge to the church, to which\\nfifty persons attached themselves at this time.\\nPrevious to building the church, meetings were\\nheld in the schoolhouse, in District No. 9, and private\\nhouses. The society built a very neat little church at\\nPoe s Corners, in 1858. The grounds for building\\nwere purchased from Andrew Stetler, in Section 28.\\nThe following- named persons have served as pas-\\ntors: Elders John Wright, John Frisby, II. Cook,\\nJ. W. Miner, L. H. Tobridge, John Kirby, and\\nElder Kendall, who is the present pastor.\\nThe society is at the present time in a flourishing\\ncondition. A Sabbath school has been connected\\nwith the church, nearly all the time since its organi-\\nzation.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0651.jp2"}, "652": {"fulltext": "428\\nHISTOHr OF CASS COUNTY, iMICHIGAN.\\nMETHODIST PROTESTANT SOCIETY.\\nThe Newburg Circuit of the Methodist Protestant\\nChurch was detached from the St. Joseph Circuit, and\\norganized into a separate one, October 15, 1869. The\\norganization meeting was held at the Corey Lake\\nSchoolhouse, Rev. Whitney Hough being the preacher\\nin charge, and David P. McKee, Secretary.\\nThe circuit consists of six classes, as follows Vic-\\ntory and Newberg Center, of Newberg Township;\\nWatkins, Mount Desire, of Fabius and Bent, of\\nFlowerfield Township, St. Joseph County.\\nThe following pastors have served on this circuit\\nRevs. Whitney Hough, William Kelley, Samuel\\nPhillips, Mr. Newell, R. S. Moulton, J. P. Goodrich,\\nand Samuel Reeves, the present pastor. Present\\nchurch membership, 174. Having no house of wor-\\nship, services are held at schoolhouses and in the\\nTown Hall.\\nCIVIL LIST.\\nThe following are the principal township officers,\\nelected since its organization to 1881.\\nSUPERVISORS.\\n1838, James Aldrich 1839-40-41, County Com-\\nmissioners; 1842, Hiram Harwood; 1843, Hiram\\nHarwood 1844, Hiram Harwood 1845, Hiram\\nHarwood 1846, Barker F. Rudd 1847, Barker F.\\nRudd 1848, Barker F. Rudd 1849, Barker F.\\nRudd; 1850, Hiram Harwood; 1851, Barker F.\\nRudd 1852, J. M. Chapman 1853, J. M. Chap-\\nman 1854, J. M. Chapman; 1855, S. Harwood;\\n1856, S. Harwood 1857, Edward H. Jones 1858,\\nEdward H. Jones; 1859, James Chapman; 1860.\\nBarker F. Rudd; 1861, Silas Harwood; 1862,\\nSilas Harwood 1863, James Chapman 1864,\\nJames Chapman 1865, J. M. Chapman 1866, J.\\nM. Chapman; 1867, J. M. Chapman; 1868, J. M.\\nChapman; 1869, Anson L. Dunn 1870, Anson L.\\nDunn; 1871, J. M. Chapman; 1872, W. H. Pera-\\nberton; 1878, Silas Harwood; 1874, J. S. Tomp-\\nkins 1875, N. Harwood; 1876, F. M. Dodge;\\n1877, Anson L. Dunn 1878, Lemuel Chapman\\n1879, Lemuel Chapman; 1880, B. L. Rudd (and\\nW. H. H. Pemberton, by appointment) 1881,\\nNathan Skinner.\\nTREASURERS.\\n1838-39, no record -of who was elected; 1840, Ira\\nWarren; 1841, Ira Warren; 1842, Andrew Stetler;\\n1843, J. E. Nicholson; 1844, Ira Sprague; 1845,\\nIra Warren 1846, George F Jones 1847, A. S.\\nMunger 1848, A. S. Munger 1849, A. S. Hun-\\nger 1850, A. S. May; 1851, Ira Warren; 1852,\\nJ. Grinell 1853, J. Grinell 1854, J. Grinell\\n1855, James Churchill: 1856, James Churchill;\\n1857, J. Grinell 1858, J. Grinell 1859, J. Gri-\\nnell; 1860, Sullivan Cook; 1861, Hazen W. Brown\\n1862, Nathan Harwood 1863, Silas Harwood 1864.\\nH. A. Crego; 1865, H. A. Crego 1866, M. F.\\nBurney 1867, A. L. Dunn 1868, A. L. Dunn\\n1869, H. A. Crego; 1870, H. A. Crego; 1871, N\\nHarwood; 1872, N. Harwood; 1873, J. S. Tomp\\nkins; 1874, W. H. Pemberton; 1875, W. H. Pern\\nberton; 1876, C. D. Arnold; 1877, Robert C\\nSloan 1878, C. D. Arnold 1879, C. D. Arnold\\n1880, Daniel H. Pound; 1881, .John A. Mills (and\\nby appointment, William M. Harwood).\\n1838, Isaac iprague 1839, George Poe 1840,\\nW. D. Easton; 1841, W. D. Eascon 1812, W. D.\\nEaston 1843, W. D. Easton 1844, W. D. Easton\\n1845, W. D. Easton; 1846, Julius Nicholson 1847,\\nJulius Nicholson 1848, Julius Nicholson 1849,\\nJulius Nicholson 1850, William D. Easton 1851,\\nT. V. Bogart; 1852, T. V. Bogart; 1853, William\\nD. Easton 1854, William D. Easton 1855, E. H.\\nJones; 18.56, E. H. Jones; 1857, Silas Harwood\\n1858, Silas Harwood; 1859, 0. C. Gillett; 1860, 0.\\nC. Gillett; 1861, 0. C Giliett 1862, 0. C. Gillett;\\n1863, Eli Hathaway 1864, A. L. Dunn 1865, Eli\\nHathaway; 1866, A. L. Dunn; 1867, Horace\\nFrancis; 1868, Sylvester Mihill 1869, John B.\\nWarren; 1870, John B. Warren; 1871, H. A.\\nCrego 1872, F. M. Dodge 1873, F. M. Dodge\\n1874, F. M. Dodge; 1875, F. M. Dodge; 1876, B.\\nWalker; 1877, Fred P. Dunn; 1878, S. Mihills;\\n1879, Samuel W. Breece 1880, Samuel W. Breece\\n1881, Allen P. Boyer.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nJAMES M. CHAPMAN.\\nJames M. Chapman, while he is not one of the\\nearliest settlers of Newberg, has for nearly forty years\\nbeen prominently identified with all the material in-\\nterests of the township. He was born in Harrisville,\\nMedina Co., Ohio, February 3, 1818. He was the\\nson of Levi and Lucinda (Turner) Chapman, both\\nnatives of Vermont, from whence they came to Ohio\\nabout 1817. They were married in Vermont, and\\nat the time of their emigration had three children,\\ntwo of whom, Scelina, now Mrs. Thomas Birney, and\\nAmery, are residents of the county, the former living\\nin Marcellus, the latter in Newberg. James received\\na good common school education, which he made\\npractically useful to himself and others by teaching.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0652.jp2"}, "653": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nIn 1843, he was married to Mias Mary Haggerty, of\\nOneida County, N. Y., where she was born in 1825.\\nAfter their marriage, Mr. Chapman engaged in busi-\\nness, but, meeting with a serious misfortune (the loss\\nof his property by fire), he decided to come to Mich-\\nigan and begin life anew.\\nIn May, of 1844, he and his young wife started for\\nCass County, with their worldly effects loaded in a\\nwagon drawn by a team of horses. They arrived\\nsafely at the residence of his brother-in-law, Thomas\\nBirney, with whom they remained until the following\\nAugust, when he removed to the farm where he has\\nsince resided, and which at the time was in a state of\\nnature. There were no roads in this part of the\\ntownship at the time, and his nearest neighbor was\\ntwo miles distant. The pioneer life of Mr. Chapman\\nwas replete with toil and privations, the land was\\nheavily timbered, and the construction of a farm was\\na work of great magnitude, but by degrees field after\\nfield was added to the little hole in the wilderness,\\nand industry and perseverance were rewarded. He\\nnow has a valuable farm of 200 acres. Mr. Chapman\\nhas taken an active interest in all measures tending\\nto the advancement of the interests of Newberg, anil\\nhas occupied many positions of trust and responsibil-\\nity. For eleven years he has represented Newberg\\nupon the Board of Supervisors, where he was recog-\\nnized as an able and efficient member. He has also\\nofficiated as magistrate for eight years. Both he and\\nhis wife are exemplary members of the Baptist Church\\nof Newberg, and all benevolent and religious enter-\\nprises find in them generous supporters. They have\\nbeen blessed with two children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Harvey (deceased)\\nand Franklin.\\nJAMES M. DYEK.\\nJames M. Dyer was born in the town of Oswe-\\ngatchie, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., July 27, 1834.\\nHis father, who was a native of Vermont, was a sol-\\ndier in the war of 1812, and participated in many of\\nthe battles. In this engagement. Gen. Scott was\\nwounded and he assisted in carrying him off the field.\\nHis mother was born in Canada, and was the mother\\nof seven children Urias, Elizabeth E., Josiah, Cor-\\nnelius, James M., Caroline and Jane. At the age of\\nfifteen, Mr. Dyer commenced life as a farm hand,\\nwhich calling he followed for seven years. At the\\nage of twenty-two he was married to Miss Phebe C.\\nHoughtaling, of Newberg. The Dyer family are one\\nof the old pioneer families of St. Joseph County,\\nhaving emigrated there in 1834, settling in Constan-\\ntino, where they remained until the spring of 1843,\\nwhen they came to Cass County and settled on the\\nfarm where he now resides. They have two children\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Ella A., now Mrs. Edgar Wetherbee, and Arthur\\nG. Mr. Dyer has been the architect of his own fort-\\nune commencing life without educational advan-\\ntages and with nothing but strong hands and a firm\\ndesire to succeed, he has acquired a competency and\\nbuilt up an honorable reputation. (See illustration.)", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0653.jp2"}, "654": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nPOKAGON SUPPLEMENT.\\nJOHN RODCtEKS.\\nProminent among the pioneer families of the town-\\nship of Pokagon is that of Alexander Rodgers, whose\\nhistory in this county dates back to 1828. He was\\nof Scotch parentage, his father having emigrated from\\nScotland and settled in Rockbridge County, Va.,\\nwhere Alexander was born. The elder Rodgers was\\na typical Scotchman, determined, resolute, and pos\\nsessed of that keen judgment and discrimination that\\nis one of the prominent characteristics of the family.\\nHe was educated to the profession of medicine, and\\nwas in active practice for many years. Alexander\\nwas reared in Virginia, where he was married in 1809,\\nto Miss Peggy Culton, of his native town. The\\nyoung couple being in quite limited circumstances,\\nthey resolved to better their condition by removing to\\nwhat was then a new country, Preble County, Ohio.\\nThe latter part of 1810 found Mr. Rodgers and his\\nyoung wife on a new farm in the town of Eaton, where\\nJohn Rodgers, the immediate subject of this memoir,\\nwas born in August of 1815. This portion of Ohio\\nwas at this time sparsely settled, and on the extreme\\nWestern frontier the great city of Cincinnati had hard-\\nly reached the distinction of a village, and although\\nbut a child, Mr. Rodgers recollects distinctly the many\\nhardships and privations the family were called upon\\nto endure. The land was heavily timbered, and the\\nconstruction of a farm was the work of years of\\npatient toil. The elder Rogers had just commenced to\\nrealize the fulfillment of his early dreams, when he\\nbegan to hear glowing accounts of a new country,\\nabounding with fertile prairies, luxuriant with native\\ngrasses, belts of majestic timber, oak openings car-\\npeted with flowers, and he became convinced that\\nbeautiful farms located in a rich and beautiful valley,\\nand easily won competencies were within the grasp of\\nhimself and family by removing to Cass County. Ac-\\ncordingly, in 1828, he left Preble County, and, after a\\njourney of several weeks, arrived in Pokagon, where\\nhe settled on Section 31. He soon became prominent\\nin the affairs of the new settlement, and was elected\\nthe first Supervisor of Pokagon, but for reasons stated\\nelsewhere did not serve. He was highly successful\\nin his business operations, and at one time owned\\nabout 1,000 acres of land. He died in Pokagon in\\n1866 his wife died in 1850. John s early life was\\nspent in Preble County, where he shared the priva-\\ntions of a pioneer family. At the time of his father s\\nemigration to Michigan, he was thirteen years of age,\\nhe resided at the old home until 1863, when he re-\\nmoved to the township of La Grange, where he lived\\nuntil 1868, when he bought the farm where he now\\nresides. Mr. Rogers has witnessed the transition of a\\nwilderness into a highly productive region, of a thin\\nsettlement into a busy and prosperous community, and\\nin his own person typifies many of the agencies that\\nhave wrought these changes. In August, 1864, Mr.\\nRodgers was married to Miss Sarah McCoy, of Ber-\\nrien County. She was born in July of 18-12. They\\nI have one child, Cory, who was born in La Grange in\\nNovember of 1865. The life of Mr. Rodgers has\\nbeen comparatively uneventful, and marked by few\\nchanges. He has never sought distinction in any\\nway, but has pursued a line of life, the goal of which\\nhas proved a satisfaction he has improved his oppor-\\ntunities, and has been highly successful, not only in\\nthe accumulation of property, but in the perfection of\\nan honorable record.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0654.jp2"}, "655": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OP CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\n431\\nPENN SUPPLEMENT.\\nGEORGE ,T. TOWNSEND.\\nAmong the patriots of the Revolution was John\\nTownsend, grandfather of the subject of this biogra-\\nphy. He served during the continuance of that san-\\nguinary struggle, and at its close settled in South Car-\\nolina, where he was married in May of 1783, to Miss\\nElvira Cain, a native of North Carolina, where she\\nwas born in 1768. They remained in South Carolina\\nuntil 1803, when they emigrated to Warren County,\\nOhio, from whence they removed to Wayne County,\\nIndiana. Here the elder Townsend died in 18.53, in\\nhis ninetieth year. His wife attained the remarkable\\nage of one hundred years. Both were exemplary\\nmembers of the Society of Friends, to which organ-\\nization they attached themselves shortly after their\\nmarriage. They reared a family of twelve children.\\nJohn Jr., father of George J., was born in Wayne\\nCounty, Indiana, where he remained until he attained\\nhis majority, when he went to Butler County, Ohio,\\nwhere he was married to Miss Martha, daughter of\\nGeorge and Lydia Jones. In 1829, he came to Mich-\\nigan, in company with his wife s father and mother,\\nand settled in Penn Township, on the farm now owned\\nby Jay Rudd where he resided until his decease,\\nwhich occurred in 1835. It was on this farm that\\nGeorge J. was born, in April of 1831. At the age\\nof five years, his father died, leaving his widow and\\nfive children in very limited circumstances. Mrs.\\nTownsend was one of those heroic mothers whom ad-\\nversity seems to endow with Spartan energy and cour-\\nage. She managed the farm, and reared her family\\nto habits of industry and economy, and to the faithful\\nobservance of the cardinal principles of her faith.\\nShe died in Pennsylvania in May of 1851. George\\nreceived the elements of his education at the log\\nschoolhouse, which he completed in that other school\\nin which the teachers are observation and experience.\\nAt the age of twenty-three he was married to Miss\\nElizabeth, daughter of John Donnell, of Pennsylva-\\nnia, where she was born in 1833. Donnell was one\\nof those bold, adventurous characters who seem to\\nprecede civilization. He was one of the first settlers\\non Young s Prairie. He was from Clark County,\\nOhio, and after the death of his wife he went to Illi-\\nnois, and from there to Oregon, where he died in\\n1867.\\nMr. Townsend and his young wife commenced life\\non a new farm on Section 18. In 1865, they removed\\nto Dowagiac, where for two years he was the proprie-\\ntor of the Continental Hotel. The business not being\\ncongenial, he returned to the farm, where he remained\\nuntil his removal to Vandalia. In 1872 he built the\\nTownsend House, and the following year he estab-\\nlished his bank, in which business he has since been\\nengaged. Mr. and Mrs. Townsend are now in the\\nenjoyment of the full fruition of the anticipations of\\ntheir early married life. Starting on a new farm,\\nwith strong hands and a firm desire to succeed, they\\nhave conquered success, and Mr. Townsend occupies\\na prominent position among the successful business\\nmen of Cass County. They have a family of five\\nchildren John, Homer, Ethel, Frank and Clyde.", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0655.jp2"}, "656": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF CASS COUNTY, MICHIGAN.\\nPOKAGON SUPPLEMENT.\\nREV. JOHN HYRNES.\\nThis gentleman, whose name is so prominently men-\\ntioned in the chapter devoted to the educational and\\nreligious interests of the county, and to which the\\nreader is referred for many facts not here incorporat-\\ned, was born in the City of Kinsale, County of Cork,\\nIreland, May 10, 1815. He was the son of Daniel\\nByrne (as the name was originally spelled) and Joan-\\nnah Whelton, both natives of the City of Kinsale,\\nwhere they were extensively and favorably known.\\nThe elder Byrnes vvas an educated gentleman, a law-\\nyer by profession, practising in all the courts in that\\nregion he took a deep and active interest in\\npolitical interests and political matters, and was\\nextremely radical in his views. In 1817, he took\\na prominent part in a political demonstration against\\nthe government, which being unsuccessful, he was\\nobliged to flee the country in order to save his\\nlife. His property was confiscated, and his family\\nturned into the street, and he took passage with\\nfour of his compatriots in a sail boat, and went to\\n1 Newfoundland, and from thence to St. Johns, N. B.,\\nwhere he sent for his family, which consisted of his\\nI wife and two boys, John and David, who soon joined\\nhim. In 1831, the family started for Ohio, but on\\ntheir arrival at Syracuse, N. Y., he was taken sick\\nand died. His sudden demise changed their plans,\\nand they decided to abandon the original project, and\\nto remain where they were. John was apprenticed to\\nthe trade of a carpenter and joiner, and in 1836 went\\nto Toledo, Ohio, where he remained a year, when he\\ncame to Niles, where he followed his trade until his\\nremoval to Pokagon, where he has since resided. In\\n1841, he was married to Miss Ursula, daughter of\\nArchibald Clyborne, one of the prominent early set-\\ntlers of the county. She was born in Giles County,\\nVirginia, June 10, 1828, and came to Michigan with\\nher parents. Of six children born to them, only one\\nis living Daniel K., who resides in Pokagon. But\\nfew men in Cass County have done as much to ad-\\nvance its religious interests as he, and no name is\\nmore prominent in Methodist annals than his.", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0656.jp2"}, "657": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0657.jp2"}, "658": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0658.jp2"}, "659": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0659.jp2"}, "660": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0660.jp2"}, "661": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0661.jp2"}, "662": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0662.jp2"}, "663": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0663.jp2"}, "664": {"fulltext": "OQ\\nK^\\nv^ -^c^.\\n%/^5rm:", "height": "3273", "width": "2222", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0664.jp2"}, "665": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3283", "width": "2263", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0665.jp2"}, "666": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3440", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "historyofcasscou00wate_0666.jp2"}}