{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3602", "width": "2277", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "HISTORY\\nSAGINAW COUNTY\\nMICHIGAN;\\nTOGETHER WITH SKETCHES OF ITS CITIES, VILLAGES AND TOWNSHIPS, EDU-\\nCATIONAL, RELIGIOUS, CIVIL, MILITARY, AND POLITICAL HISTORY;\\nPORTRAITS OF PROMINENT PERSONS, AND BIOGRAPHIES\\nOF REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.\\nHISTORY OF MICHIGAN,\\nEMBRACING ACCOUNTS OF THE PRE-HISTORIC RACES, ABORIGINES, FRENCH,\\nENGLISH AND AMERICAN CONQUESTS, AND A GENERAL REVIEW\\nOF ITS CIVIL, POLITICAL AND MILITARY HISTORY.\\nILLUSTRATED.\\nCHICAGO:\\nCHAS. C. CHAPMAN CO.\\n1881.\\nk", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "16244\\nBLAKKLT, BROWN MARSH,\\nPRINTERS,\\nSS 57 DEARBORN ST., CHICAGO.\\nDONOHUE* HENNEBERRTf,\\nBOOKBINDERS,\\nlSo 182 MONROE STREET., CHICAGO.\\nf\\n\\\\f", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "i\\nI!\\nl\\ni,\\ni!\\nill\\nifev\\nSAG1XV\\nI t it is TV t\\nz\\no\\no i\\nin\\n2\\ni\\no\\nto j\\n4 1/2.\\nA i\\n.L.J\\n^NfiC 1 c\\\\ E AS T\\nif,\\no as Y-rr-^\\nM\\nC LINTOi.\\nCOUNTY\\ni\\nJ\\nu\\nCAS\\nN T Y", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "Saginaw ot^rr\\nmichic;ax", "height": "2266", "width": "3043", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "1", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "PREFACE,\\nThe period has passed away forever when the once philosophic\\nsentence A thousand years scarce serve to form a State 1 could he\\nused with propriety. The same may now be said of history. The busy\\nactivities of our days, the march of progress, the wonderful advances\\nof science and art, contribute to the realization of ideas, and crowd into\\na period oi fifty years ;i greater number of remarkable and important\\nevents than fifty decades of olden times in the Old World could offer to\\nthe chronicler. Therefore the compilation of history is not only justi-\\nfiable, but also essentially necessary. Tt is the enduring record of years\\nthat can only through it be recalled, of men who will be honored\\nby the American manhood of this and coming generations.\\nThis work is* devoted to the people of Saginaw county, with the\\nexception of the first part, the history of Michigan. It is distinctively\\nlocal, and as such must he considered a magnificent record of an\\nenterprising people. The work of the American Pioneers of the\\ncounty extends over only half a century. Within that time they have\\nraised it from its primitive condition to the rank of one of the first\\ndivisions oi the State cultivated its wild lands, built its villages and\\ntowns, and brought into existence two beautiful cities, of which the\\nUnion may be proud. They transmuted the valley marsh into firm\\nearth, and decorated the river banks with factories each a hive of\\nhuman industry, a monument to earnest and well directed labor. It is\\ndifficult to point out precisely the names of those who have contributed\\nmost to this result: all share in the prosperity of the county, and take\\na special pride in its advancement; each one has experienced the\\nluxury of doing good, and feels that life is not now a mere shadow or\\na dream. The anxieties and alarms attendant on the life of the pio-\\nneers have been changed to certainties and happy greetings. Those\\nwho saw the primeval forest waving over the land, lived on through\\nthe days of its destruction to see the clearings covered with the houses\\nof merchants and manufacturers, or the tields and homes of a pros-\\nperous people. They wear the honors which justly belong to them;\\nwhile those who died are riot forgotten in their long sleep. They\\nbeheld the budding desires of younger days expand into the flower,\\nand, seeing, went to the undiscovered land beyond the grave, leaving\\ntheir memories and their acts to he carried down the stream of time.\\nIn these pages an effort has been made to treat the history of the\\ncounty in a lull and impartial manner. Doubtless a few inaccuracies\\nmay have crept in; hut such must he attributed to other causes than\\nthe carelessness of the compilers. In regard to the pages devoted to\\npersonal history, the publishers expended a large sum of money in\\nhaving each biographical sketch submitted to him of whom it was\\n287", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "i\\nPREFACE.\\nwritten, for addition, abridgment or correction; so that if errors occur\\nin this section of the work the party immediately concerned must\\nattach all blame to himself. It will be evident throughout that ;the\\nwriter of the county history as well as the gentlemen who collated the\\npersonal sketches, have realized the simple fact of undeserved praise\\nbeing disguised satire. In some instances this realization may have\\nled to a too brief notice of many highly deserving men; but where\\npraise was manifestly due it is given regardless of ideal character.\\nThe plan of the work is specially adapted to a great record book.\\nAll things pertaining in general to the State are dealt with in the in-\\ntroductory pages; the county history is carried down from the first\\nOtchipwe invasion of the V alley, and treats very fairly every subject\\nof general interest to the people; so with the two cities, they have been\\nvery liberally sketched, while each township has just sufficient notice\\ngiven it to render its history up to the present time a most valuable\\nheirloom for the future.\\nThe cooperation extended to the writers was certainly not so general\\nas it should have been. Conceding that the business interests claim\\nalmost all the attention of these citizens, whose connection with the\\ncounty extends over many years, and who are fully qualified to be\\nauthority on many historical matters, they should not forget that other\\nduties attach to their positions, nor neglect to contribute their knowl-\\nedge of the past to pages intended for the instruction of the present\\nand future.\\nOf the number who assisted in rendering the labors of the writers\\ncomparatively light, are Geo. F. Lewis, Col. C. V. DeLand, Edward\\nCowles, Dr. M. C. T. Plessner, W. R. McCormick, Dan P. Foote,\\nMrs. Eleazer Jewett and Mrs. N. D. Lee. To Charles Doughty,\\nUnited States Land Register; Frederick B. Sweet, County Clerk;\\nThos. M. Busby, Deputy Co. Clerk; Alex. Ferguson, Co. Treasurer;\\nand A. Zwerk, Registrar of Deeds, our thanks are offered for the\\nmanner in which the valuable and well-kept records of their offices\\nwere placed at our disposal, as well as for official courtesies extended\\non every occasion. Prof. M. A. Leeson,the historian, and his assistant,\\nDamon Clarke, deserve special mention for the faithful and energetic\\nlabor put forth in the writing and compilation of this work.\\nIn this, as in other counties, we are conscious that our promises to\\nthe people have been honorably observed in every respect. We have\\nbrought out into sunlight many gems of local history which were sleep-\\ning previously in oblivion; we have snatched fugitive thoughts from\\nthe brink of their tombs; brought before the people, as a mirror, men\\nand events long since passed away, and succeeded beyond measure in\\ndoing justice to Father Time in his half century s transactions with the\\nsettlers of the Saginaw, as well as to the settlers themselves, and the\\npeople of the present. Conscious o\u00c2\u00a3,2jll this, we ask only a full, earnest,\\nand impartial review of all the chapters of this work, before your\\ncriticism.\\nChicago, August, 1881. C. C. Chapman Co.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nHISTORY OF JIIC HKwAX.\\nMound-Builders 17\\nLarge ClUes 20\\nIndians 21\\nManners and Customs 22\\nEuropean Possession 24\\nDetroit 27\\nN;iili uial Policies 80\\nOrdinance of 1787 34\\nFrench ..nd Indian War 39\\n.Massacre at Michillmackinae 41\\nSiege of Detroit 44\\nAmerican Kevolution 46\\nTecumseb 50\\nOkemos 50\\nHull s Surrender 57\\nPerry s Victory 58\\nClose of the War GO\\nPolitical 62\\nAdministration of Gen. Cass 65\\nGeo. B. Porter 74\\nThe Toledo War. 76\\nAdministration of Gov Horner 79\\nMichigan as a state 80\\nAdministrations of the State Governors. 82\\nWar of the Rebellion 88\\nPublic School System 88\\nState University 89\\nState Normal School 90\\nAgricultural College 90\\nOther Colleges 92\\nCharitable Institutions 94\\nState Public School 94\\nState Reform School 95\\nInstitution for the Deaf and Dumb, and\\nthe Blind 96\\nAsylum for the Insane, at Kalamazoo 96\\nPontiac 97\\nPenal Institutions 97\\nState Agricultural Society us\\nPomological Society 98\\nState Fisheries 98\\nstate Firemen s Association 99\\nstate Board of Public Health 99\\nsiatc Land Office 100\\nstate Library 101\\nBanks 101\\nGeology 107\\nNewspapers 108\\nPopulation 108\\nstate Officers 10s\\nTopography 119\\nA Retrospect ill\\nHISTORY OF SAftHfAW COUXTY.\\nCHAPTER I.\\nTHE INDIANS 115\\nEarly Explorers lie\\nBattle of Skull Island. 117\\nWinnebago War 1 20\\nLegion of the Lone Tree 121\\nIndian Payment Day in\\nold Times 122\\nSentence and Execu-\\ntion 123\\nThe White Captives... 124\\no ke -maw- ke- ke-tn\\nand the Factors 125\\nWah-be-man-i-to 120\\nKish-kau-ko and the\\nSoldiers 128\\nThe Indian Murderer.. 129\\nO-ke-mos, or O-ki-nio.. 129\\nNeh-way-go 129\\nOther Indians 134\\nA Summer visit to the\\nIndian Camp 138\\nThe Emigrants 139\\nCHAPTER II.\\nTill: TREATIES WITH\\nTHE SAGINAWS 141\\nTreaty of Detroit 111\\nThirst Dance Before\\nthe Treaty 111\\nThe Dog Feast 14:;\\nTreaty of Saginaw 144\\nSecond Treaty with\\nthe Saglnaws 155\\nTreaty or 1838 166\\nTreaty of 1855.... 166\\nSchoolcraft s Trickery. 157\\nCHAPTER III.\\nAFTER THE TREATY.. 15S\\nThe Garrison of Fort\\nSaginaw 164\\nThe American Fur Co.. 165\\nPublic Economy Revo-\\nlutionized 166\\nCouriers des Bois 170\\nCHAPTER IV.\\nPIONEER SOCIETY OF\\nTHE SAGINAW VAL-\\nLEY 172\\nFirst Annual Meeting. 173\\nReminiscences by Hon.\\nW. R. McConnick.. 180\\nSketch of Capt.8warth-\\nout 192\\nRecords,Mementos,etc. 199\\nThe Pioneers of the\\nSas inaw jos\\nThe Land-Buyers Jl4\\nA Retrospect 210\\nCHAPTER V.\\nGERMAN SETTLE-\\nMENT 318\\nCHAPTER VI.\\nSKETCHES OF II I S-\\nTORY 231\\nEra of Territorial\\nRoads 231\\nEarly Milling 233\\nFust Ferry 234\\nFirst Tilings 234\\nBlack Hawk War 235\\nStore Prices In 1831-2. 230\\nSeason of Sickness 236\\nReign of small-pox.... 237\\nTornado 243\\nDies [nfaustus 243\\nThe Big snow 244\\na Meteor 215\\nThe comet, 24.-,\\nEclipse of the Moon. 240\\nWolf-Slayers of Sagi-\\nnaw 246\\nClearing the River 24S\\nFrozen to Death 24s\\nForest Fires 248\\nFirst Celebration in the\\nValley 249\\nCelebration of the Cen-\\ntennial 250\\nFirst Happenings In\\nthe county 255\\nThe Local Fishermen. 200\\nThe Surrogugeon Court 262\\nThe Lawyer and the\\nMinister 226\\nReminiscence of 1845. 263\\nThe Doctor s Man 204\\nA Bear story 204\\nA si out Old Farmer. 20r\u00c2\u00bb\\nSquire Co nning s\\nMouth 2Gfi\\nMaking a Level 260\\nA I .ad Jury 266\\nA Big Tomato 267\\nPro m Sa g Inaw to\\nMasho s House. 207\\nSchool Sleigh-Ride 267\\nThe Tramp of 1SS0 26S\\nA Trader on the Mexi-\\nea 11 War 268\\nA Sleigh-Ride in 1854.. 269.\\nThe Indian s Whisky\\nBottle 269\\nCHAFFER VII.\\nSCIENTIFIC 271\\nGeological 270\\nThe Flora of the Coun-\\nty 273\\nZoological 7:\\nBirds 274\\nMammalia\\nArchaeology\\nPhysical Characteris-\\ntics 287", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nTnb Water Courses 288\\nSagnnaw Valley 290\\n\\\\CHAPTER VIII.\\n300\\n301\\n302\\n302\\n302\\n303\\n306\\n307\\n307\\n308\\n310\\n310\\n313\\n314\\n315\\nORGAiNIC\\nSaginaw Co. Boundar-\\nies iai 1622\\nLocating the Co. Seat..\\nSaginaw Township Or-\\nganized\\nChange of Boundary..\\nOrganization of the Co.\\nEarly Record of super-\\nvisors Court\\nThe Little Proposition\\nMunicipal Brieflets\\nTown ,hip Organization\\nTownships of the Past.\\nCounty commissioners\\n1835^2\\nSupervisors 1842-60....\\nPresent Board of Su-\\npervisors\\nThe county Buildings.\\nuo. Officers, 1835-81\\nCHAPTER IX.\\nTHE COURTS AND THE\\nBAR 317\\nCHAPTER X.\\nPOLITICAL 322\\nElection Returns 327\\nCHAPTER XI.\\nTHE CONQUERERS OF\\nREBELLION 338\\nHistorical Brieflets 341\\nEast Saginaw Light;\\nGuards 342\\nThe Hoyt Light Guards 344\\nMilitary Resources of\\nthe County in 1862. 347\\nRecruiting iu 1863 347\\nMilitary Organization\\nin 1864 :;h\\nClose of the Drama 348\\nRegimental Histories 349-379\\nThe Soldiers and Sail-\\nors of the County 379\\nSecond Reunion 38o\\nCHAPTER XII.\\nLUMBER INDUSTRY... 3S2\\nThe Emerson Mill 383\\nSaw Mills of the Sagi-\\nnaw and Tributaries\\nin 1853 385\\nMilling Interests in 57. 388\\nStatistics Of 1863-60. 389\\nSummary 390\\nstatistics of 1880 391\\nLogs 392,394\\nRecapitulation 393\\nShingles 395\\nStaves 305\\nOak and Square Tim-\\nber 396\\nCommercial History... 396\\nThe Region of Illimita-\\nble Possibilities 404\\nLife in the Lumber\\nWoods 408\\nCHAPTER XIII.\\nSALT MANUFACTURE. 410\\nThe Governed Govern. 411\\nOrganization of the\\nEast Saginaw Salt\\nManufacturing Co... 412\\nFirst Salt Well 412\\nSubsequent E n ter-\\nprises 413\\nStatistics for 1865 414\\nStatistics for 1870 415\\nStatistics forl877 8.... 416\\nSummary .418\\nThe Salt Wells of the\\nVallev. Methods of\\nManufacture, Etc.. lis 439\\nCHAPTER XIV.\\nAGRICULTURAL 440\\nSaginaw Agricultural\\nSociety 443\\nFirst County Fair\\nSaginaw Institute\\nCHAPTER XV.\\nRAILROADS AND NAV\\nIOATTON\\nRailroads\\nNavigation\\n444\\n444\\n445\\n445\\n451\\nCHAPTER XVL\\nMISCELLANEOUS\\nCounty Finances and\\nStatistics\\nProgress as Marked by\\nValuation\\nThirty Years Taxes..\\nReceipts and Expendi-\\ntures\\nLand Under Cultivation\\nand Crops\\nPopulation\\nIndians\\nSchool Census\\nMarriage Record\\nBirth and Death Statis-\\ntics\\nCHAPTER XVII.\\nTHE COUNTY PRESS..\\nSaginaw Journal\\nThe North Star\\nSaginaw Enterprise.\\nSaginaw Republican.\\nSaginaw Herald\\nThe courier\\nEvening Express\\nSaginaw Valley News\\nSaginawiau\\nSaginaw Zeitung\\nTagl i c h e Saginaw\\nAbend Zeitung\\nChesaning Papers\\nOakley Cyclone\\nSt. Charles Papers\\nCHAPTER XVIII.\\nCHRONOLOGY 474\\n-if,; 1\\n453\\n453\\n455\\n456\\n457\\n458\\n458\\n459\\n461\\n463\\n463\\n464\\n464\\n465\\n466\\n467\\n468\\n46S\\n470\\n471\\n471\\n472\\n47:;\\nCITY AMD TOWMSH1P HISTORIES. AXD BIOGRAPHIES.\\nCity of East Saginaw 493\\nSaginaw Township 591\\nSaginaw City 596\\nAlbee 715\\nBirch Run 723\\nBlumfield 734\\nBrady 739\\nBrant 751\\nBridgeport 758\\nBuena Vista 772\\nMap of Saginaw County. 14 15\\nHieroglyphics of the\\nMound-Builders 19\\nLa Salle Landing at the\\nMouth of St. Joseph River 25\\nIndians Attacking Fron-\\ntiersmen 31\\nGen. George Rogers Clark. 37\\nBarker, Rev. H. A 257\\nBarter, John 693\\nBenjamin, D. E 107\\nBow, Dennis 311\\nChapman, George W 307\\nChapman, Wellington 431\\nCook, Lilly 345\\nDarling, James 712\\nCarrollton 786\\nChapin 791\\nChesaning 795\\nFrankenmuth 835\\nFremont 846\\n.lames I 849\\n.Tonesfleld 851\\nKochville 853\\nLakefleld 863\\nMaple Grove 865\\nIMiUSTRATIOMS.\\nGen. Arthur St. Clair 43\\nTrapping 40\\nTecumseh 55\\nPontiac 61\\nHunting Prairie Wolves In\\nan Early Day 67\\nEastern Asylum tor the In-\\nsane a t Pontiac 73\\nPORTRAITS.\\nDarling, Mrs. Harriet 713\\nHolmes, All red 239\\nJerome, Hon. David H.... 131\\nLeidlein, Michael 363\\nMiller, Arnold \\\\V 293\\nNortliwood, -1 ohn 877\\nO Donnell, Edward is.-.\\nMarion 885\\nRichland 887\\nSpalding 896\\nSt. Charles 901\\nswan Creek 915\\nTaymouth 917\\nTliomastown 938\\nTlttabawassee 944\\nZilwaukee 957\\nState Public School, at\\nColdwater 81\\nThe Capitol, at Lansing. 91\\nUniversity of Michigan. 102-3\\nPresent court House 114\\nSaginaw City in issi on\\nO Donnell, John 513\\nPotter, Chandler E 149\\nJ. oeser. William 911\\nSavage, Isaac 275\\nShattuck. Samuel 203\\nSmith, William 811\\nSpaeth, John 221", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nMichigan! If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look around you, in\\nMichigan. Every visitor at St. Paul s church, London, is over-\\nawed with the magnificence of that structure, the work of Sir Chris-\\ntopher Wren. He wants to know where the remains of Wren are\\nnow; in the crypt of the church they lie, where the following is\\nengraved upon the headstone: Si monumentum requiris, circum-\\nspice, If you seek a monument [of Wren], look around [;uid behold\\nthe work of his brain in this mighty building]. The State of Mich-\\nigan has appropriately adopted for her motto this expression, with\\na slight alteration, thus: Si queer is penin.su Jam amarnam, cir-\\ncum.spice, Ifyou seek a pleasant peninsula, look around you. And\\nindeed Michigan may as justly feel proud of its resources as Great\\nBritain, of St. Paul s church, yea, and infinitely more. What\\nwith her substantial foundation in agriculture throughout the\\nsouthern counties, in horticulture throughout the lower peninsula,\\nand especially the fruit belt along her western boundary, in piner-\\nies in the central portion of the State, and with her crown of iron\\nand copper in the upper peninsula, tipped with silver, she stands\\nthe real queen of the utilitarian world.\\nIt is a pleasure to write the history of such a State. Contrast\\nthis pleasant task with writing and studying the histories of States\\nand empires which we have been taught to ponder and revere from\\nour youth up, histories of European countries cobwebbed with\\nintrigue, blackened with iniquity and saturated with blood. What\\na standing, practical reproof Michigan is to all Europe! and what\\na happy future she has before her, even as compared with all her\\nsister States!\\nNow let s to our chosen task, and say first a few words concern-\\ning the prehistoric races, observing, by the way, that the name\\nMichigan is said to be derived from the Indian Mitchi-sawg-\\nyegan, a great lake.\\nMOUND-BUILDERS.\\nThe numerous and well-authenticated accounts of antiquities\\nfound in various parts of our country clearly demonstrate that a\\npeople civilized, and even highly cultivated, occupied the broad sur-\\nface of our continent before its possession by the present Indians;\\n2", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "18 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nbut the date of their rule of the Western World is so remote that\\nall traces of their history, their progress and^ decay, lie buried in\\ndeepest obscurity. Nature, at the time the first Europeans came,\\nhad asserted her original dominion over the earth; the forests were\\nall in their full luxuriance, the growth of many centuries; and\\nnaught existed to point out who and what they were who formerly\\nlived, and loved, and labored, and died, on the continent of America.\\nThis ore-historic race is known as the Mound-Builders, from the\\nnumerous large mounds of earth- works left by them. The remains\\nof the works of this people form the most interesting class of\\nantiquities discovered in the United States. Their character can\\nbe but partially gleaned from the internal evidences and the\\npeculiarities of the only remains left, the mounds. They consist\\nof remains of what were apparently villages, altars, temples, idols,\\ncemeteries, monuments, camps, fortifications, pleasure grounds, etc.,\\netc. Their habitations must have been tents, structures of wood,\\nor other perishable material; otherwise their remains would be\\nnumerous. If the Mound-Builders were not the ancestors of the\\nIndians, who were they The oblivion which has closed over them\\nis so complete that only conjecture can be given in answer to the\\nquestion. Those who do not believe in the common parentage of\\nmankind contend that they were an indigenous race of the West-\\nern hemisphere; others, with more plausibility, think they came\\nfrom the East, and imagine they can see coincidences in the religion\\nof the Hindoos and Southern Tartars and the supposed theology of\\nthe Mound-Builders. They were, no doubt, idolators, and it has\\nbeen conjectured that the sun was the object of their adoration. The\\nmounds were generally built in a situation affording a view of the\\nrising sun; when enclosed in walls their gateways were toward the\\neast; the caves in which their dead were occasionally buried always\\nopened in the same direction; whenever a mound was partially\\nenclosed by a semi-circular pavement, it was on the east side; when\\nbodies were buried in graves, as was frequently the case, they were\\nlaid in a direction east and west; and, finally, medals have been\\nfound representing the sun and his rays of light.\\nAt what period they came to this country is likewise a matter of\\nspeculation. From the comparatively rude state of the arts among\\nthem, it has been inferred that the time was very remote. Their\\naxes were of stone. Their raiment, judging from fragments which\\nhave been discovered, consisted of the bark of trees, interwoven\\nwith feathers; and their military works were such as a people\\nwould erect who had just passed to the pastoral state of society\\nfrom that dependent alone upon hunting and fishing.\\nThe mounds and other ancient earth-works constructed by this\\npeople are far more abundant than generally supposed, from the fact\\nthat while some are quite large, the greater part of them are small\\nand inconspicuous. Along nearly all our water courses that are\\nlarge enough to be navigated with a canoe, the mounds are almost\\ninvariably found, covering the base points and headlands of the", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "HISTORY F MICHIGAN.\\n19\\nbluffs which border tbe narrower valleys; so that when one finds\\nhimself in such positions as to command the grandest views for river\\nscenery, he may almost always discover that he is standing upon,\\nor in close proximity to, some one or more of these traces of the\\nlabors of an ancient people.\\nThe Mound-Builder was an early pioneer in Michigan. He was\\nthe first miner in the upper peninsula. How he worked we do not\\nknow, but he went deep down into the copper ore and dug and\\nraised vast quantities, and probably transported it, but just how or\\nwhere, we cannot say. The ancient mining at Isle Royale, in Lake\\nSuperior, has excited amazement. The pits are from 10 to 20 feet\\nin diameter, from 20 to 60 feet in depth, and are scattered through-\\nout the island. They follow the richest veins of ore. Quantities\\nof stone hammers and mauls weighing from 10 to 30 pounds have\\nc O^\\nV At a k H-\\neA if O P\\nHIEROGLYPHICS OF THE MOUND-BUILDERS.\\nbeen found, some broken from use and some in good condition.\\nCopper chisels, knives and arrowheads have been discovered. The\\ncopper tools have been hardened by fire. Working out the ore was\\ndoubtless done by heating and pouring on water, a very tedious\\nprocess; and yet it is said that, although 200 men in their rude way\\ncould not accomplish any more work than two skilled miners at the\\npresent day, yet at one point alone on Isle Royale the labor per-\\nformed exceeds that of one of the oldest mines on the south shore,\\noperated by a large force for more than 30 years. Since these\\nancient pits were opened, forests have grown up and fallen, and\\ntrees 400 years old stand around them to-day.\\nMounds have been discovered on the Detroit river, at the head\\nof the St. Clair, the Black, the Rouge, on the Grand, at the foot of", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "20 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nLake Huron, and in many other portions of the State. Those at\\nthe head of the St. Clair were discovered by Mr. Oilman, in 1872,\\nand are said to be very remarkable.\\nLARGE CITIES.\\nMr. Brecken ridge, who examined the antiquities of the Western\\ncountry in 1817, speaking of the mounds in the American Bottom,\\nsays: The great number and extremely large size of some of them\\nmay be regarded as furnishing, with other circumstances, evidences\\nof their antiquity. I have sometimes been induced to think that at\\nthe period when they were constructed there was a population here\\nas numerous as that which once animated the borders of the Nile\\nor Euphrates, or of Mexico. The most numerous, as well as con-\\nsiderable, of these remains are found in precisely those parts of the\\ncountry where the traces of a numerous population might be looked\\nfor, namely, from the mouth of the Ohio on the east side of the\\nMississippi to the Illinois river, and on the west from the St.\\nFrancis to the Missouri. I am perfectly satisfied that cities similar\\nto those of ancient Mexico, of several hundred thousand souls, have\\nexisted in this country.\\nIt must be admitted that whatever the uses of these mounds\\nwhether as dwellings or burial places\u00e2\u0080\u0094 these silent monuments were\\nbuilt, and the race who built them vanished from the face of the\\nearth, ages before the Indians occupied the land, but their date\\nmust probably forever baffle human skill and ingenuity.\\nIt is sometimes difficult to distinguish the places of sepulture\\nraised by the Mound-Builders from the more modern graves of the\\nIndians. The tombs of the former were in general larger than\\nthose of the latter, and were used as receptacles for a greater number\\nof bodies, and contained relics of art, evincing a higher degree of\\ncivilization than that attained by the Indians. The ancient earth-\\nworks of the Mound-Builders have occasionally been appropriated\\nas burial places by the Indians, but the skeletons of the latter may\\nbe distinguished from the osteological remains of the former by\\ntheir greater stature.\\nWhat finally became of the Mound-Builders is another query\\nwhich has been extensively discussed. The fact that their works\\nextend into Mexico and Peru has induced the belief that it was their\\nposterity that dwelt in these countries when they were first visited\\nby the Spaniards. The Mexican and Peruvian works, with the\\nexception of their greater magnitude, are similar. Relics common\\nto all of them have been occasionally found, and it is believed that\\nthe religious uses which they subserved were the same. If, indeed,\\nthe Mexicans and Peruvians were the progeny of the more ancient\\nMound-Builders, Spanish rapacity for gold was the cause of their\\noverthrow and final extermination.\\nA thousand other queries naturally arise respecting these nations\\nwhich now repose under the ground, but the most searching investi-", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 21\\ngation can give ns only vague speculations for answers. No histo-\\nrian has preserved the names of their mighty chieftains, or given\\nan account of their exploits, and even tradition is silent respecting\\nthem\\nFollowing the Mound-Builders as inhabitants of North America,\\nwere, as it is supposed, the people who reared the magnificent cities,\\nthe ruins of which are found in Central America. This people was\\nfar more civilized and advanced in the arts than were the Mound-\\nBuilders. The cities built by them, judging from the ruins of\\nbroken columns, fallen arches and crumbling walls of temples,\\npalaces and pyramids, which in some places for miles bestrew the\\nground, must have been of great extent, magnificent and very pop-\\nulous. AVhen we consider the vast period of time necessary to erect\\nsuch colossal structures, and, again, the time required to reduce\\nthem to their present ruined state, we can conceive something of\\ntheir antiquity. These cities must have been old when many of\\nthe ancient cities of the Orient were being built.\\nINDIANS.\\nThe third race inhabiting North America, distinct from the\\nformer two in every particular, is the present Indians. They were,\\nwhen visited by the early discoverers, without cultivation, refine-\\nment or literature, and far behind the Mound-Builders in the knowl-\\nedge of the arts. The question of their origin has long interested\\narchaeologists, and is the most difficult they have been called upon\\nto answer. Of their predecessors the Indian tribes knew nothing;\\nthey even had no traditions respecting them. It is quite certain\\nthat they were the successors of a race which had entirely passed\\naway ages before the discovery of the New World. One hypothesis\\nis that the American Indians are an original race indigenous to the\\nWestern hemisphere. Those who entertain this view think their\\npeculiarities of physical structure preclude the possibility of a com-\\nmon parentage with the rest of mankind. Prominent among those\\ndistinctive traits is the hair, which in the red man is round, in the\\nwhite man oval, and in the black man flat.\\nA more common supposition, however, is that they are a deriva-\\ntive race, and sprang from one or more of the ancient peoples of\\nAsia. In the absence of all authentic history, and when even\\ntradition is wanting, any attempt to point out the particular location\\nof their origin must prove unsatisfactory. Though the exact place\\nof origin may never be known, yet the striking coincidents of\\nphysical organization between the Oriental type of mankind and\\nthe Indians point unmistakably to some part of Asia as the place\\nwhence they emigrated, which was originally peopled to a great\\nextent by the children of Shem. In this connection it has been\\nclaimed that the meeting of the Europeans, Indians and Africans\\non the continent of America, is the fulfillment of a prophecy as\\nrecorded in Genesis ix. 27: God shall enlarge Japheth, and he\\nshall dwell in the tents of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "22 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nAssuming the theory to be true that the Indian tribes are of\\nShemitic origin, they were met on this continent in the fifteenth\\ncentury by the Japhetic race, after tlie two stocks had passed around\\nthe globe by directly different routes. A few years afterward the\\nHamitic branch of the human family was brought from the coast\\nof Africa. During the occupancy of the continent by the three\\ndistinct races, the children of Japheth have grown and prospered,\\nwhile the called and not voluntary sons of Ham have endured a\\nservitude in the wider stretching valleys of the tents of Shem.\\nWhen Christopher Columbus had finally succeeded in demon-\\nstrating the truth of his theory, that by sailing westward from\\nEurope land would be discovered, landing on the Island of Ber-\\nmuda he supposed he had reached the East Indies. This was an\\nerror, but it led to the adoption of the name of Indians for the\\ninhabitants of the island and the main land of America, by which\\nname the red men of America have ever since been known.\\nOf the several great branches of North American Indians the\\nonly ones entitled to consideration in Michigan history are the\\nAlgonquins and Iroquois. At the time of the discovery of America\\nthe former occupied the Atlantic seaboard, while the home of the\\nIroquois was as an island in this vast area of Algonquin popula-\\ntion. The latter great nation spread over a vast territory, and\\nvarious tribes of Algonquin lineage sprung up over the country,\\nadopting, in time, distinct tribal customs and laws. An almost\\ncontinuous warfare was carried on between tribes; but later, on the\\nentrance of the white man into their beloved homes, every foot of\\nterritory was fiercely disputed by the confederacy of many neigh-\\nboring tribes. The Algonquins formed the most extensive alliance\\nto resist the encroachment of the whites, especially the English.\\nSuch was the nature of King Philip s war. This king, with his\\nAlgonquin braves, spread terror and desolation throughout New\\nEngland. With the Algonquins as the controlling spirit, a con-\\nfederacy of continental proportions was the result, embracing in its\\nalliance the tribes of every name and lineage from the Northern\\nJakes to the gulf. Pontiac, having breathed into them his impla-\\ncable hate of the English intruders, ordered the conflict to com-\\nmence^ and all the British colonies trembled before the desolating\\nfury of Indian vengeance.\\nThe Saghinan (spelled variously) or Saginaw country com-\\nprised most of the eastern portion of the southern peninsula indef-\\ninitely. The village of the Hurons was probably near Detroit.\\nThe term Huron is derived from the French hure, a wild boar,\\nand was applied to this tribe of Indians on account- of the bristly\\nappearance of their hair. These Indians called themselves Ouen-\\ndats, as the French spelled the name, or Wyandots, as is the\\nmodern orthography.\\nMANNERS AND CUSTOMS.\\nThe art of hunting not only supplied the Indian with food, but,\\nlike that of war, was a means of gratifying his love of distinction.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 23\\nThe male children, as soon as they acquired sufficient age and\\nstrength, were furnished with a bow and arrow and taught to shoot\\nbirds and other small game. Success in killing large quadrupeds\\nrequired years of careful study and practice, and the art was as\\nsedulously inculcated in the minds of the- rising generation as are\\nthe elements of reading, writing and arithmetic in the common\\nschools of civilized communities. The mazes of the forest and the\\ndense, tall grass of the prairies were the best fields for the exercise\\nof the hunter s skill. No feet could be impressed in the yielding\\nsoil but that the tracks were the objects of the most searching\\nscrutiny, and revealed at a ghmce the animal that made them, the\\ndirection it was pursuing, and the time that had elapsed since it\\nhad passed. In a forest country he selected the valleys, because\\nthey were most frequently the resort of game. The most easily\\ntaken, perhaps, of all the animals of the chase was the deer. It is\\nendowed with a curiosity which prompts it to stop in its flight and\\nlook back at the approaching hunter, who always avails himself of\\nthis opportunity to let fly the fatal arrow.\\nTheir general councils were composed of the chiefs and old men.\\nWhen in council, they usually sat in concentric circles around the\\nspeaker, and each individual, notwithstanding the fiery passions\\nthat rankled within, preserved an exterior as immovable as if cast\\nin bronze. Before commencing business a person appeared with\\nthe sacred pipe, and another with fire to kindle it. After being\\nlighted, it was first presented to heaven, secondly to the earth,\\nthirdly to the presiding spirit, and lastly to the several councilors,\\neach of whom took a whiff. These formalities were observed with\\nas close exactness as State etiquette in civilized courts.\\nThe dwellings of the Indians were of the simplest and rudest\\ncharacter. On some pleasant spot by the bank of a river, or near\\nan ever-running spring, they raised their groups of wigwams, con-\\nstructed of the bark of trees, and easily taken down and removed\\nto another spot. The dwelling-places of the chiefs were sometimes\\nmore spacious, and constructed with greater care, but of the same\\nmaterials. Skins taken in the chase served them for repose.\\nThough principally dependent upon hunting and fishing, the un-\\ncertain supply from those sources led them to cultivate small\\npatches of corn. Every family did everything necessary within\\nitself, commerce, or an interchange of articles, being almost unknown\\nto them. In cases of dispute and dissension, each Indian relied\\nupon himself for retaliation. Blood for blood was the rule, and\\nthe relatives of the slain man were bound to obtain bloody revenge\\nfor his death. This principle gave rise, as a matter of course, to in-\\nnumerable and bitter feuds, and wars of extermination where such\\nwere possible. War, indeed, rather than peace, was the Indian s\\nglory and delight,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 war, not conducted as in civilization, but war\\nwhere individual skill, endurance, gallantry and cruelty were prime\\nrequisites. For such a purpose as revenge the Indian would make\\ngreat sacrifices, and display a patience and perseverance truly heroic;", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "24 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nbat when the excitement was over, he sank back into a listless, un-\\noccupied, well-nigh useless savage. During the intervals of his\\nmore exciting pursuits, the Indian employed his time in decorating\\nhis person with all the refinement of paint and feathers, and in the\\nmanufacture of his arms and of canoes. These were constructed of\\nbark, and so light that they could easily be carried on the shoulder\\nfrom stream to stream. His amusements were the war dance, ath-\\nletic games, the narration ot his exploits, and listening to the ora-\\ntory of the chiefs; but during long periods of such existence he\\nremained in a state of torpor, gazing listlessly upon the trees of the\\nforests and the clouds that sailed above them; and this vacancy\\nimprinted a habitual gravity, and even melancholy, upon his gen-\\neral deportment.\\nThe main labor and drudgery of Indian communities fell upon\\nthe women. The planting, tending and gathering of the crops,\\nmaking mats and baskets, carrying burdens,^-in fact, all things of\\nthe kind were performed by them, thus making their condition but\\nlittle better than that of slaves. Marriage was merely a matter of\\nbargain and sale, the husband giving presents to the father of the\\nbride. In general they had but t ew children. They were subjected\\nto many and severe attacks of sickness, and at times famine and\\npestilence swept away whole tribes.\\nThe Indians had not only their good manitous, but also their\\nevil spirits; and the wild features of the lake scenery appears to\\nhave impressed their savage minds with superstition. They believed\\nthat ail the prominent points of this wide region were created and\\nguarded by monsters; and the images of these they sculptured on\\nstone, painted upon the rocks, or carved upon the trees. Those who\\nobeyed these supernatural beings they thought, would after death\\nrange among flowery fields filled with the choicest game, while\\nthose who neglected their counsels would wander amid dreary soli-\\ntudes, stung by gnats as large as pigeons.\\nEUROPEAN POSSESSION.\\nIt is not necessary to dwell on the details of history from the\\ndiscovery of America in 1492 to the settlement of Michigan in\\n1668, as some historians do under the head of the history of\\nMichigan; for the transaction of men and councils at Quebec,\\nNew York, Boston, or London, or Paris, concerning the European\\npossessions in America prior to 1668 did not in the least affect\\neither man, beast or inanimate object within the present limits of\\nthe State of Michigan. Nor do we see the necessity of going back\\nto the foundations of American institutions, simply because they\\narethe origin of the present features of Michigan institutions and\\nsociety, any more than to Greek, Latin, Christian or mediaeval civ-\\nilization, although all the latter also affect Michigan society.\\nJacques Marquette was the first white man, according to history,\\nto set foot upon ground within what is now the State of Michigan.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "26 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nHe was born of an honorable family at Laon, in the north of\\nFrance, in 1637, the month not known, lie was educated for the\\nCatholic priesthood; in 1654 he joined the Jesuits, and in 1666 he\\nwas sent as a missionary to Canada; after the river St. Lawrence\\nand the Great Lakes had been mapped out, the all-absorbing object\\nof interest with Gov. Frontenac Talch, the intendent, and Mar-\\nquette himself was to discover and trace from the north the won-\\nderful Mississippi that De Soto, the Spaniard, had first seen at the\\nSouth in 1641. In 166S, according to Bancroft, he repaired to the\\nChippewa, at the Sail It, to establish the mission of the St. Mary,\\nthe oldest settlement begun by Europeans within the present limits\\nof Michigan. This was under Louis XIV., of France.\\nIn 1669 Father Marquette established a mission at Mackinaw,\\nthen called Michilimackinac, from an Indian word signifying\\na great turtle, or from the Chippewa michine-maukinonk,\\na place of giant fairies. Here Marquette built a chapel in 1(371,\\nand continued to teach the Indians until his death.\\nIn 1673, in company with Louis Joliet, Father Marquette received\\norders from Gov. Frontenac to proceed west and explore the Mis-\\nsissippi, which they did, as far south as the Arkansas river.\\nMarquette was a scholar and a polite Christian, enthusiastic,\\nshrewd and persevering. He won the affections of all parties,\\nFrench, English and Indian. He was even a man of science, with\\na strong element of romance and love of natural beauty in his\\ncharacter. Park man speaks of him, in characteristic epithet, as\\nthe humble. Marquette who, with clasped hands and upturned\\neyes, seems a figure evoked from some dim legend of mediaeval\\nsaintship. In life he seems to have been looked up to with rever-\\nence by the wildest savage, by the rude frontiersman, and by the\\npolished officer of government. Most of all the States, his\\nname and his fame should be dear to Michigan. He died in June,\\n1675, and was buried with great solemnity and deep sorrow near\\nthe mouth of Pere Marquette river. The remains were afterward\\ndeposited in a vault in the middle of the chapel of St. Ignace near\\nby; but on the breaking up of the mission at this place the Jesuits\\nburned the chapel, and the exact site was forgotten until Sept. 3,\\n1877, when the vault, consisting of birch bark, was found; but the\\nremains of the great missionary were probably stolen away by his\\nIndian admirers soon after the abandonment of the mission.\\nThe next settlement in point of time was made in 1679, by\\nRobert Cavalier de La Salle, at the mouth of the St. Joseph river.\\nHe had constructed a vessel, the Griffin, just above Niagara falls,\\nand sailed around by the lakes to Green Bay, Wis., whence he\\ntraversed Lac des Illinois, now Lake Michigan, by canoe to the\\nmonth of the St. Joseph river. The Griffin was the first sailing\\nvessel that ever came west of Niagara falls. La Salle erected a fort\\nat the mouth of the St. Joseph river, which afterward was moved\\nabout 60 miles up the river, where it was still seen in Charlevoix s", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 27\\ntime, 1721. La Salle also built a fort on the Illinois river just\\nbelow Peoria, and explored the region of the Illinois and Missis-\\nsip})! rivers.\\nThe next, and third, Michigan post erected by authority was a\\nsecond fort on the St. Joseph river, established by Du Luth, near\\nthe present Fort Gratiot, in 1686. The object of this was to inter-\\ncept emissaries of the English, who were anxious to open traffic with\\nthe Mackinaw and Lake Superior nations.\\nThe French posts in Michigan and westward left very little to be\\ngathered by the New York traders, and they determined, as there\\nwas peace between France and England, to push forward their\\nagencies and endeavor to deal with the western and northern\\nIndians in their own country. The French governors not only\\nplainly asserted the title of France, but as plainly threatened to\\nuse all requisite force to expel intruders. Anticipating correctly\\nthat the English would attempt to reach Lake Huron from the\\nEast without passing up Detroit river, Du Luth built a fort at the\\noutlet of the lake into the St. Clair. About the same time an\\nexpedition was planned against the Senecas, and the Chevalier\\nTonti, commanding La Salle s forts, of St. Louis and St. Joseph of\\nLake Michigan, and La Durantaye, the veteran commander of\\nMackinaw, were employed to bring down the French and Indian\\nauxiliaries to take part in the war. These men intercepted\\nEnglish expeditions into the interior to establish trade with the\\nNorthern Indians, and succeeded in cutting them off for many years.\\nReligious zeal for the Catholic Church and the national aggrand-\\nizement were almost or quite equally the primary and all-ruling\\nmotive of western explorations. For these two purposes expedi-\\ntions were sent out and missions and military posts were established.\\nIn these enterprises Marquette, Joliet, La Salle, St. Lusson and\\nothers did all that we find credited to them in history.\\nIn 1669 or 1670, Talon, then Intendant of New France, sent\\nout two parties to discover a passage to the South Sea, St. Lusson\\nto Hudson s Bay and La Salle southwestward. On his return in\\n1671) St. Lusson held a council of all the northern tribes at the\\nSault Ste. Marie, where they formed an alliance with the French.\\nIt is a curious fact, says Campbell, that the public docu-\\nments are usually made to exhibit the local authorities as originat-\\ning everything, when the facts brought to light from other sources\\nshow that they were compelled to permit what they ostensibly\\ndirected. The expeditions sent out by Talon were at least sug-\\ngested from France. The local authorities were sometimes made\\nto do things which were not, in their judgment, the wisest.\\nDETROIT.\\nJuly 19, 1701, the Iroquois conveyed to King William III all\\ntheir claims to land, describing their territory as that vast tract\\nof land or colony called Canagariarchio, beginning on the north-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "28 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nwest side of Cadarachqui lake [Ontario], and includes all that vast\\ntract of land lying between the great lake of Ottawawa [Huron],\\nand the lake called bj the natives Sahiquage, and by the Christians\\nthe Lake of Sweege [Oswego, for Lake Erie], and runs till it\\nbutts upon the Twichtwichs, and is bounded on the westward by\\nthe Twichtwichs by a place called Qnadoge, containing in length\\nabout 800 miles and breadth 400 miles, including the country where\\nbeavers and all sorts of wild game keeps, and the place\\ncalled Tjenghsaghrondie alias Fort De Tret or Wawyachtenock\\n[Detroit], and so runs round the lake of Sweege till you come to a\\nplace called Oniadarundaquat, etc.\\nIt was chiefly to prevent any further mischief, and to secure\\nmore effectually the French supremacy that La Motte Cadillac, who\\nhad great influence over the savages, succeeded, in 1701, after\\nvarious plans urged by him had been shelved by hostile colonial\\nintrigues, in getting permission from Count Pontchartrain to begin\\na settlement in Detroit. His purpose was from the beginning to\\nmake not only a military post, but also a civil establishment, for\\ntrade and agriculture. He was more or less threatened and opposed\\nby the monopolists and by the Mackinaw missionaries, and was\\nsubjected to severe persecutions. He finally triumphed and\\nobtained valuable privileges and the right of seigneury. Crafts-\\nmen of all kinds were induced to settle in the town, and trade\\nflourished. He succeeded in getting the Hurons and many of the\\nOttawas to leave Mackinaw and settle about Fort Pontchartrain.\\nThis fort stood on what was formerly called the first terrace, being\\non the ground lying between Larned street and the river, and\\nbetween Griswold and Wayne streets. Cadillac s success was so\\ngreat, in spite of all opposition, that he was appointed governor of\\nthe new province of Louisiana, which had been granted to Crozat\\nand his associates. This appointment removed him from Detroit,\\nand immediately afterward the place was exposed to an Indian\\nsiege, instigated by English emissaries and conducted by the Mas-\\ncoutins and Ontagamies, the same people who made the last war on\\nthe whites in the territory of Michigan under Black Hawk a cen-\\ntury and a quarter later. The tribes allied to the French came in\\nwith alacrity and defeated and almost annihilated the assailants, of\\nwhom a thousand were put to death.\\nUnfortunately for the country, the commanders who succeeded\\nCadillac for many years were narrow-minded and selfish and not\\ndisposed to advance any interests beyond the lucrative traffic with\\nthe Indians in peltries. It was not until 1734 that any new grants\\nwere made to farmers. This was done by Governor-General Beau-\\nharnois, who made the grants on the very easiest terms. Skilled\\nartisans became numerous in Detroit, and prosperity set in all\\naround. The buildings were not of the rudest kind, but built of\\noak or cedar, and of smooth finish. The cedar was brought from\\na great distance. Before 1742 the pineries were known, and at a\\nvery early day a saw-mill was erected on St. Clair river, near Lake", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "HI8T0RY OF MICHIGAN. 29\\nHuron. Before 1749 quarries were worked, especially at Stony\\nIsland. In 1763 there were several lime kilns within the present\\nlimits of Detroit, and not only stone foundations but also stone\\nbuildings, existed in the settlement. Several grist-mills existed\\nalong the river near Detroit. Agriculture was carried on profitably,\\nand supplies were exported quite early, consisting chiefly of corn\\nand wheat, and possibly beans and peas. Cattle, horses and swine\\nwere raised in considerable numbers; but as salt was very expens-\\nive, but little meat, if any, was packed for exportation. The salt\\nsprings near Lake St. Clair, it is true, were known, and utilized to\\nsome extent, but not to an appreciable extent. Gardening and fruit-\\nraising were carried on more thoroughly than general farming.\\nApples and pears were good and abundant.\\nDuring the French and English war Detroit was the principal\\nsource of supplies to the French troops west of Lake Ontario, and\\nit also furnished a large number of lighting men. The upper posts\\nwere not much involved in this war.\\nTeuchsa Grondie, one of the many ways of spelling an old\\nIndian name of Detroit, is rendered famous by a large and splen-\\ndid poem of Levi Bishop, Esq., of that city.\\nDuring the whole of the 18th century the history of Michigan\\nwas little else than the history of Detroit, as the genius of French\\ngovernment was to centralize power instead of building up locali-\\nties for self-government.\\nAbout 1704, or three years after the founding of Detroit, this\\nplace was attacked by the Ottawa Indians, but unsuccessfully; and\\nagain, in 1712, the Ottagamies, or Fox Indians, who were in secret\\nalliance with the old enemies of the French, the Iroquois, attacked\\nthe village and laid siege to it. They were severely repulsed, and\\ntheir chief offered a capitulation, which was refused. Considering\\nthis an insult, they became enraged and endeavored to burn up the\\ntown. Their method of tiring the place was to shoot large arrows,\\nmounted with combustible material in flame, in a track through\\nthe sky rainbow-form. The bows and arrows being very large and\\nstout, the Indians lay with their backs on the ground, put both feet\\nagainst the central portion of the inner side of the bow and pulled\\nthe strings with all the might of their hands. A ball of blazing\\nmaterial would thus be sent arching over nearly a quarter of a\\nmile, which would come down perpendicularly upon the dry shingle\\nroofs of the houses and set them on fire. But this scheme was\\nsoon checkmated by the French, who covered the remaining houses\\nwith wet skins. The Foxes were considerably disappointed at this\\nand discouraged, but they made one more desperate attempt, failed,\\nand retreated toward Lake St. Clair, where they again entrenched\\nthemselves. From this place, however, they were soon dislodged.\\nAfter this period these Indians occupied Wisconsin for a time and\\nmade it dangerous for travelers passing through from the lakes to\\nthe Mississippi. They were the Ishmaelites of the wilderness.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "30 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nIn 1749 there was a fresh accession of immigrants to all the points\\nupon the lakes, but the history of this part of the world during\\nthe most of this century is rather monotonous, business and gov-\\nernment remaining about the same, without much improvement.\\nThe records nearly all concern Canada east of the lake region. It\\nis true, there was almost a constant change of commandants at the\\nposts, and there were many slight changes of administrative policy;\\nbut as no great enterprises were successfully put in operation, the\\nevents of the period have but little prominence. The northwest-\\nern territory during French rule was simply a vast ranging ground\\nfor the numerous Indian tribes, who had no ambition higher than\\nobtaining an immediate subsistence of the crudest kind, buying\\narms, whisky, tobacco, blankets and jewelry by bartering for them\\nthe peltries of the chase. Like a drop in the ocean was the mis-\\nsionary work of the few Jesuits at the half dozen posts on the\\ngreat waters. The forests were full of otter, beaver, bear, deer,\\ngrouse, quails, etc., and on the few prairies the grouse, or prairie\\nchickens, were abundant. Not much work was required to obtain\\na bare subsistence, and human nature generally is not disposed to\\nlay up much for the future. The present material prosperity of\\nAmerica is really an exception to the general law of the world.\\nIn the latter part of 1796 Winthrop Sargent went to Detroit and\\norganized the county of Wayne, forming a part of the Indiana Ter-\\nritory until its division in 1805, when the Territory of Michigan\\nwas organized.\\nNATIONAL POLICIES. -THE GREAT FRENCH SCHEME.\\nSoon after the discovery of the mouth of the Mississippi by\\nLa Salle in 1682, the government of France began to encourage the\\npolicy of establishing a line of trading posts and missionary stations\\nextending through the West from Canada to Louisiana, and this\\npolicy was maintained, with partial success, for about 75 years.\\nThe river St. Joseph of Lake Michigan was called the river\\nMiamis in 1679, in which year La Salle built a small fort on its\\nbank, near the lake shore. The principal station of the mission for\\nthe instruction of the Miamis was established on the borders of this\\nriver. The first French post within the territory of the Miamis\\nwas at the mouth of the river Miamis, on an eminence naturally\\nfortified on two sides by the river, and on one side by a deep ditch\\nmade by a fall of water. It was of triangular form. The mission-\\nary Hennepin gives a good description of it, as he was one of the\\ncompany who built it, in 1079. Says he: We felled the trees that\\nwere on the top of the hill; and having cleared the same from\\nbushes for about two musket shot, we began to build a redoubt of\\n80 feet long and 40 feet broad, with great square pieces of timber\\nlaid one upon another, and prepared a great number of stakes of\\nabout 25 feet long to drive into the ground, to make our fort more", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "INDIANS ATTACKING FKOMTlKliSiMEN.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "32 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\ninaccessible on the river side. We employed the whole month of\\nNovember about that work, which was very hard, though we had\\nno other food but the bears flesh our savage killed. These beasts\\nare very common in that place because of the great quantity of\\ngrapes they find there; but their 4 esn being too fat and luscious,\\nour men began to be weary of it and desired leave to go a hunting\\nto kill some wild goats. M. La Salle denied them that liberty, which\\ncaused some murmurs among them; and it was but unwillingly\\nthat they continued their work. This, together with the approach\\nof winter and the apprehension that M. La Salle had that his vessel\\n(the Griffin) was lost, made him very melancholy, though he con-\\ncealed it as much as he could. We made a cabin wherein we per-\\nformed divine service every Sunday, and Father Gabriel and I, who\\npreached alternately, took care to take such texts as were suitable\\nto our present circumstances and fit to inspire us with courage,\\nconcord and brotherly love. The fort was at last per-\\nfected, and called Fort Miamis.\\nIn 1765 the Miami nation, or confederacy, was composed of four\\ntribes, whose total number of warriors was estimated at only 1,050\\nmen. Of these about 250 were Twightwees, or Miamis proper, 300\\nWeas, or Oniatenons, 300 Piankeshaws.and 200 Shockeys; and at\\nthis time the principal villages of the Twightwees were situated\\nabout the head of the Mamnee river at and near the place where\\nFort Wayne now is. The larger Wea villages were near the banks\\nof the Wabash river, in the vicinity of the Post Ouiatenon; and\\nthe Shockeys and Piankeshaws dwelt on the banks of the Vermillion,\\nand on the borders of the Wabash between Vincennes and Ouiate-\\nnon. Branches of the Pottawatomie, Shawnee, Delaware and Kicka-\\npoo tribes were permitted at different times to enter within the\\nboundaries of the Miamis and reside for a while.\\nThe wars in which France and England were engaged, from 1688\\nto 1697, retarded the growth of the colonies of those nations in\\nNorth America, and the efforts made by France to connect Canada\\nand the Gulf of Mexico by a chain of trading posts and colonies\\nnaturally excited the jealousy of England and gradually laid the\\nfoundation for a struggle at arms. After several stations were estab-\\nlished elsewhere in the West, trading posts were started at the\\nMiami villages, which stood at the head of theMaumee, at the Wea\\nvillages about Ouiatenon on the Wabash, and at the Piankeshaw vil-\\nlages about the present sight of Vincennes. It is probable that before\\nthe close of the year 1719 temporary trading posts were erected at\\nthe sites of Fort Wayne, Ouiatenon and Vincennes. These points\\nwere probably often visited by French fur traders prior to 1700.\\nIn the meanwhile the English people in this country commenced\\nalso to establish military posts west of the Alleghanies, and thus\\nmatters went on until they naturally culminated in a general war,\\nwhich, being waged by the French and Indians combined on one\\n6ide, was called il the French and Indian war. This war was ter-\\nminated in 1763 by a treaty at Paris, by which France ceded to", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nGreat Britain all of North America east of the Mississippi except\\nNew Orleans and the island on which it is situated; and indeed,\\nFrance had the preceding autumn, by a secret convention, ceded to\\nSpain all the country west of that river.\\nIn 1762, after Canada and its dependencies had been surrendered\\nto the English, Pontiac and his partisans secretly organized a pow-\\nerful confederacy in order to crush at one blow all English power\\nin the West. This great scheme was skillfully projected and cau-\\ntiously matured.\\nThe principal act in the programme was to gain admittance into\\nthe fort at Detroit, on pretense of a friendly visit, with shortened\\nmuskets concealed under their blankets, and on a given signal sud-\\ndenly break forth upon the garrison; but an inadvertent remark of\\nan Indian woman led to a discovery of the plot, which was conse-\\nquently averted. Pontiac and his warriors afterward made many\\nattacks upon the English, some of which were successful, but the\\nIndians were finally defeated in the general war.\\nBRITISH POLICY.\\nIn 1765 the total number of French families within the limits of\\nthe Northwestern Territory did not probably exceed 600. These\\nwere in settlements about Detroit, along the river Wabash and the\\nneighborhood of Fort Ohartres on the Mississippi. Of these fami-\\nlies, about 80 or 90 resided at Post Yincennes, 14 at Fort Ouiate-\\nnon, on the AVabash, and nine or ten at the confluence of the St.\\nMary and St. Joseph rivers.\\nThe colonial policy of the British government opposed any meas-\\nures which might strengthen settlements in the interior of this\\ncountry, lest they become self-supporting and independent of the\\nmother country; hence the early and rapid settlement of the North-\\nwestern Territory was still further retarded by the short-sighted\\nselfishness of England. That fatal policy consisted mainly in hold-\\ning the land in the hands of the government and not allowing it to\\nbe subdivided and sold to settlers. But in spite of all her efforts\\nin this direction, she constantly made just such efforts as provoked\\nthe American people to rebel, and to rebel successfully, which was\\nwithin 15 years after the perfect close of the French and Indian\\nwar.\\nAMERICAN POLICY.\\nThomas Jefferson, the shrewd statesman and wise Governor of\\nVirginia, saw from the first that actual occupation of Western lands\\nwas the only way to keep them out of the hands of foreigners and\\nIndians. Therefore, directly after the conquest of Yincennes by\\nClark, he engaged a scientific corps to proceed under an escort to\\n3", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "34 HISTOKY OF MICHIGAN.\\nthe Mississippi, and ascertain by celestial observations the point on\\nthat river intersected by latitude 36\u00c2\u00b0 30 the southern limit of the\\nState, and to measure its distance to the Ohio. To Gen. Clark was\\nentrusted the conduct of the military operations in that quarter.\\nHe was instructed to select a strong position near that point and\\nestablish there a fort and garrison; thence to extend his conquest\\nnorthward to the lakes, erecting forts at different points, which\\nmight serve as monuments of actual possession, besides affording\\nprotection to that portion of the country. Fort Jefferson was\\nerected and garrisoned on the Mississippi a few miles above the\\nsouthern limit.\\nThe result of these operations was the addition, to the chartered\\nlimits of Virginia, of that immense region known as the k North-\\nwestern Territory. The simple fact that such and such forts were\\nestablished by the Americans in this vast region convinced the Brit-\\nish Commissioners that we had entitled ourselves to the land. But\\nwhere are those monuments of our power now?\\nORDINANCE OF 1787.\\nThis ordinance has a marvelous and interesting history. Con-\\nsiderable controversy has been indulged in as to who is entitled to\\nthe credit for framing it. This belongs, undoubtedly, to TNathan\\nDane; and to Rufus King and Timothy Pickering belong the credit\\nfor suggesting the proviso contained in it against slavery, and also\\nfor aids to religion and knowledge, and for assuring forever the\\ncommon use, without charge, of the great national highways of the\\nMississippi, the St. Lawrence and their tributaries to all the citi-\\nzens of the United States. To Thomas Jefferson is also due much\\ncredit, as some features of this ordinance were embraced in his or-\\ndinance of 1784. But the part taken by each in the long, laborious\\nand eventful struggle which had so glorious a consummation in\\nthe ordinance, consecrating forever, by one imprescriptible and un-\\nchangeable monument, the very heart of our country to freedom,\\nknowledge and union, will forever honor the names of those illustri-\\nous statesmen.\\nMr. Jefferson had vainly tried to secure a system of government\\nfor the Northwestern Territory. He was an emancipationist and\\nfavored the exclusion of slavery from the Territory, but the South\\nvoted him down every time he proposed a measure of this nature.\\nIn 1787, as late as July 10, an organizing act without the anti-\\nslavery clause was pending. This concession to the South was\\nexpected to carry it. Congress was in session in New York. On\\nJuly 5, Rev. Manasseh Cutler, of Massachusetts, came into New-\\nYork to lobby on the Northwestern Territory. Everything seemed\\nto fall into his hands. Events were ripe. The state of the public\\ncredit, the growing of Southern prejudice, the basis of his mission,\\nhis personal character, all combined to complete one of those sudden", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "HISTOKY OF MICHIGAN. 35\\nand marvelous revolutions of public sentiment that once in five or\\nten centuries are seen to sweep over a country like the breath of the\\nAlmighty.\\nCutler was a graduate of Yale. He had studied and taken de-\\ngrees in the three learned professions, medicine, law, and divinity.\\nHe had published a scientific examination of the plants of New\\nEngland. As a scientist in America his name stood second only to\\nthat of Franklin. He was a courtly gentleman of the old style, a\\nman of commanding presence and of inviting face. The Southern\\nmembers said they had never seen such a gentleman in the North.\\nHe came representing a Massachusetts company that desired to\\npurchase a tract of land, now included in Ohio, for the purpose of\\nplanting a colony. It was a speculation. Government money was\\nworth eighteen cents on the dollar. This company had collected\\nenough to purchase 1,500,000 acres of land. Other speculators in\\nNew York made Dr. Cutler their agent, which enabled him to\\nrepresent a demand for 5,500,000 acres. As this would reduce the\\nnational debt, and Jefferson s policy was to provide for the public\\ncredit, it presented a good opportunity to do something.\\nMassachusetts then owned the territory of Maine, which she was\\ncrowding on the market. She was opposed to opening the North-\\nwestern region. This fired the zeal of Virginia. The South caught\\nthe inspiration, and all exalted Dr. Cutler. The entire South ral.\\nlied around him. Massachusetts could not vote against him, be-\\ncause many of the constuitents of her members were interested\\npersonally in the Western speculation. Thus Cutler, making\\nfriends in the South, and doubtless using all the arts of the lobby,\\nwas enabled to command the situation. True to deeper convic-\\ntions, he dictated one of the most compact and finished documents\\nof wise statesmanship that has ever adorned any human law book.\\nHe borrowed from Jefferson the term Articles of Compact, which,\\npreceding the federal constitution, rose into the most sacred char-\\nacter. He then followed very closely the constitution of Massa-\\nchusetts, adopted three years before. Its most prominent points\\nwere:\\n1. The exclusion of slavery from the territory forever.\\n2. Provision for public schools, giving one township for a semi-\\nnary and every section numbered 16 in each township; that is, one\\nthirty-sixth of all the land for public schools.\\n3. A provision prohibiting the adoption of any constitution or\\nthe enactment of any law that should nullify pre-existing contracts.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "36 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nBe it forever remembered that this compact declared that re-\\nligion, morality, and knowledge being necessary to good govern-\\nment and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of edu-\\ncation shall always be encouraged. Dr. Cutler planted himself\\non this platform and would not yield. Giving his unqualified dec-\\nlaration that it was that or nothing, that unless they could make\\nthe land desirable they did not want it, he took his horse and buggy\\nand started for the constitutional convention at Philadelphia. On\\nJuly 13, 1787, the bill was put upon its passage, and was unani-\\nmously adopted. Thus the great States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,\\nMichigan and Wisconsin, a vast empire, were consecrated to free\\ndom, intelligence, and morality. Thus the great heart of the nation\\nwas prepared to save the union of States, for it was this act that was\\nthe salvation of the republic and the destruction of slavery. Soon\\nthe South saw their great blunder and tried to have the compact\\nrepealed. In 1803 Congress referred it to a committee, of which\\nJohn Randolph was chairman. He reported that this ordinance\\nwas a compact and opposed repeal. Thus it stood, a rock in the\\nway of the on-rushing sea of slavery.\\nThe Northwestern Territory included of course what is now\\nthe State of Indiana; and Oct 5, 1787, Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Clair\\nwas elected by Congress Governor of this territory. Upon\\ncommencing the duties of his office he was instructed to ascertain\\nthe real temper of the Indians and do all in his power to remove\\nthe causes for controversy between them and the United States,\\nand to effect the extinguishment of Indian titles to all the land\\npossible. The Governor took up quarters in the new settlement of\\nMarietta, Ohio, where he immediately began the organization of\\nthe government of the territory. The first session of the General\\nCourt of the new territory was held at that place in 1788, the\\nJudges being Samuel H. Parsons, James M. Varnum and John C.\\nSymmes, but under the ordinance Gov. St. Clair was President of\\nthe Court. After the first session, and after the necessary laws for\\ngovernment were adopted, Gov. St. Clair, accompanied by the\\nJudges, visited Kaskaskia for the purpose of organizing a civil gov-\\nernment there. Full instructions had been sent to Maj. Hamtramck,\\ncommandant at Vincennes, to ascertain the exact feeling and temper\\nof tL3 Indian tribes of the Wabash. These instructions were ac-\\ncompanied by speeches to each of the tribes. A Frenchman named\\nAntoine Gamelin was dispatched with these messages April 5, 1790,\\nwho visited nearly all the tribes on the Wabash, St. Joseph and St.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "GEN. GEORGK ROGERS CLARK,", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "33 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN\\nMary s rivers, but was coldly received; most of the chiefs being\\ndissatisfied with the policy of the Americans toward them, and\\nprejudiced through English misrepresentation. Full accounts of\\nhis adventures among the tribes reached Gov. St. Clair at Kaskas-\\nkia in June, 1790. Being satisfied that there was no prospect of\\neffecting a general peace with the Indians of Indiana, he resolved\\nto visit Gen. Harmar at his headquarters at Fort Washington and\\nconsult with him on the means of carrying an expedition against\\nthe hostile Indians; but before leaving he intrusted Winthrop\\nSargent, the Secretary of the Territory, with the execution of the\\nresolutions of Congress regarding the lands and settlers on the\\nWabash. He directed that officer to proceed to Vincennes, lay\\nout a county there, establish the militia and appoint the necessary\\ncivil and military officers. Accordingly Mr. Sargent went to Vin-\\ncennes and organized Camp Knox, appointed the officers, and noti-\\nfied the inhabitants to present their claims to lands. In establish-\\ning these claims the settlers found great difficulty, and concerning\\nthis matter the Secretary in his report to the President wrote as\\nfollows:\\nAlthough the lands and lots which were awarded to the inhabi-\\ntants appeared from very good oral testimony to belong to those\\npersons to whom they were awarded, either by original grants, pur-\\nchase or inheritance, yet there was scarcely one case in twenty\\nwhere the title was complete, owing to the desultory manner in\\nwhich public business had been transacted and some other unfor-\\ntunate causes. The original concessions by the French and British\\ncommandants were generally made upon a small scrap of paper,\\nwhich it has been customary to lodge in the notary s office, who\\nhas seldom kept any book of record, but committed the most im-\\nportant land concerns to loose sheets, which in process of time\\nhave come into possession of persons that have fraudulently de-\\nstroyed them; or, unacquainted with their consequence, innocently\\nlost or trifled them away. By French usage they are considered\\nfamily inheritances, and often descend to women and children. In\\none instance, and during the government of St. Ange here, a royal\\nnotary ran off with all the public papers in his possession, as by a\\ncertificate produced to me. And I am very sorry farther to observe\\nthat in the office of Mr. Le Grand, which continued from 1777 to\\n1787, and where should have been the vouchers for important land\\ntransactions, the records have been so falsified, and there is such\\ngross fraud and forgery, as to invalidate all evidence and informa-\\ntion which I might have otherwise acquired from his papers.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 39\\nMr. Sargent says there were about 150 French families at Yin-\\ncennes in 1790. The heads of all these families had been at one time\\nvested with certain titles to a portion of the soil; and while the\\nSecretary was busy in straightening out these claims, he received\\na petition eio-ned by 80 Americans, asking for the confirmation of\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0grants of land ceded by the Court organized by Col. John Todd\\nunder the authority of Virginia. With reference to this cause,\\nCongress, March 3, 1791, empowered the Territorial Governor, in\\ncases where land had been actually improved and cultivated under\\na supposed grant for the same, to confirm to the persons who made\\nsuch improvements the lands supposed to have been granted, not,\\nhowever, exceeding the quantity of 400 acres to any one person.\\nTHE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAK.\\nSoon after the discovery of the mouth of the Mississippi in 1682,\\nthe government of France began to encourage the policy of estab-\\nlishing a line of trading posts and missionary stations extending\\nthrough the West from Canada and the great lakes to Louisiana;\\nand this policy was maintained, with partial success, for about 75\\nyears. British power was the rival upon which the French con-\\ntinually kept their eye. Of course a collision of arms would re-\\nsult in a short time, and this commenced about 1755. In 1760\\nCanada, including the lake region, fell into the hands of the British.\\nDuring the war occurred Braddock s defeat, the battles of Niagara,\\nCrown Point and Lake George, and the death of brave Wolfe and\\nMontcalm. Sept. 12, this year, Major Robert Rogers, a native of\\nNew Hampshire, a provincial officer and then at the height of his\\nreputation, received orders from Sir Jeffrey Amherst to ascend the\\nlakes with a detachment of rangers, and take possession, in the\\nname of his Britannic Majesty, of Detroit, Michilimackinac, and\\nother Western posts included in the capitulation of Montreal. He left\\nthe latter place on the following day with 200 rangers in 15 whale\\nboats. Nov. 7 they reached the mouth of a river Chogage on\\nthe southern coast of lake Erie, where they were met by Pontiac,\\nthe Indian chief, who now appears for the first time upon the pages\\nof Michigan history. He haughtily demanded of Rogers why he\\nshould appear in his realm with his forces without his permission.\\nThe Major informed him that the English had obtained permission\\nof Canada, and that he was on his way to Detroit to publish the\\nfact and to restore a general peace to white men and Indians alike.\\nThe next day Pontiac signified his willingness to live at peace with\\nthe English, allowing them to remain in his country, provided they\\npaid him due respect. He knew that French power was on the\\nwane, and that it was to the interest of his tribes to establish an\\nearly peace with the new power. The Indians, who had collected\\nat the mouth of Detroit, reported 400 strong, to resist the coming\\nof the British forces, were easily influenced by Pontiac to yield the\\nsituation to Rogers. Even the French commandant at Detroit,", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "40 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nCapt. Beletre, was in a situation similar to that of the Indians,\\nand received the news of the defeat of the French from Major\\nRogers, lie was indignant and incredulous, and tried to rouse the\\nfury of his old-time friends, the Indians, but found them faith-\\nless in this hour of his need. He surrendered with an ill grace,\\namid the T ells of several hundred Indian warriors. It was a source-\\nof great amazement to the Indians to see so many men surrender\\nto so few. Nothing is more effective in gaining the respect of In-\\ndians than a display of power, and the above proceedings led them\\nto be overawed by English prowess. They were astonished also at\\nthe forbearance of the conquerors in not killing their vanquished\\neuemies on the spot.\\nThis surrender of Detroit was on the 29th of November, 1760.\\nThe posts elsewhere in the lake region north and west were not\\nreached until some time afterward. The English now thought they\\nhad the country perfectly in their own hands and that there was\\nbut little trouble ahead; but in this respect they were mistaken.\\nThe French renewed their efforts to circulate reports among the\\nIndians that the English intended to take all their land from them,\\netc. The slaughter of the Monongahela, the massacre at Fort\\nWilliam Henry and the horrible devastation of the Western fron-\\ntier, all bore witness to the fact that the French were successful in\\nprejudicing the Indians against the British, and the latter began to\\nhave trouble at various points. The French had always been in\\nthe habit of making presents to the Indians, keeping them supplied\\nwith arms, ammunition, etc., and it was not their policy to settle\\nupon their lands. The British, on the other hand, now supplied\\nthem with nothing, frequently insulting them when they appeared\\naround the forts. Everything conspired to fix the Indian popula-\\ntion in their prejudices against the British Government. Even the\\nseeds of the American Revolution were scattered into the West and\\nbegan to grow.\\nThe first Indian chief to raise the war-whoop was probably Kia-\\nshuta, of the Senecas, but Pontiac, of the Ottawas, was the great\\nGeorge Washington of all the tribes to systemize and render effect-\\nual the initial movements of the approaching storm. His home\\nwas about eight miles above Detroit, on Pechee Island, which looks\\nout upon the waters of Lake St. Clair. He was a well-formed man,\\nwith a countenance indicating a high degree of intelligence. In\\n1746 he had successfully defended Detroit against the northern\\ntribes, and it is probable he was present and assisted in the defeat\\nof Braddock.\\nAbout the close of 1762 he called a general council of the tribes,\\nsending out embassadors in all directions, who with the war-belt of\\nwampum and the tomahawk went from village to village and camp\\nto camp, informing the sachems everywhere that war was impend-\\ning, and delivering to them the message of Pontiac. They all\\napproved the message, and April 27, 1763, a grand council was held\\nnear Detroit, when Pontiac stood forth in war paint and delivered", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 41\\nthe great speech of the campaign. The English were slow to\\nperceive any dangerous conspiracy in progress, and when the blow\\nwas struck, nine out of twelve of the British posts were surprised\\nand destroyed! Three of these were within the bounds of thif\\nState.\\nThe first prominent event of the war was the\\nMASSACRE AT FORT MICHILIMACKINAC,\\non the northernmost point of the southern peninsula, the site of the\\npresent city of Mackinaw. This Indian outrage was one of the most\\ningeniously devised and resolutely executed schemes in American\\nhistory. The Chippewas (or Ojibways) appointed one of their big\\nball plays in the vicinity of the post, and invited and inveigled as\\nmany of the occupants as they could to the scene of play, then fell\\nupon the unsuspecting and unguarded English in the most brutal\\nmanner. For the details of this horrible scene we are indebted to\\nAlexander Henry, a trader at that point, who experienced several\\nmost blood-curdling escapes from death and scalping at the hands of\\nthe savages. The result of the massacre was the death of about 70\\nout of 90 persons. The Ottawa Indians, who occupied mainly the\\neastern portion of the lower peninsula, were not consulted by the\\nChippewas with reference to attacking Michilimackinac, and were\\nconsequently so enraged that they espoused the cause of the English,\\nthrough spite; and it was through their instrumentality that Mr,\\nHenry and some of his comrades were saved from death and con-\\nveyed east to the regions of civilization.\\nOf Mr. Henry s narrow escapes we give the following succinct\\naccount. Instead of attending the ball play of the Indians he spent\\nthe day writing letters to his friends, as a canoe was to leave for the\\nEast the following day. AVhile thus engaged, he heard an Indian\\nwar cry and a noise of general confusion. Looking out of the win-\\ndow, he saw a crowd of Indians within the fort, that is, within the\\nvillage palisade, who were cutting down and scalping every English-\\nman they found. He seized a fowling-piece which he had at hand,\\nand waited a moment for the signal, the drum beat to arms. In\\nthat dreadful interval he saw several of his countrymen fall under\\nthe tomahawk and struggle between the knees of an Indian who\\nheld him in this manner to scalp him while still alive. Mr. Henry\\nheard no signal to arms; and seeing that it was useless to under-\\ntake to resist 400 Indians, he thought only of shelter for himself.\\nHe saw many of the Canadian inhabitants of the fort calmly look-\\ning on, neither opposing the Indians nor suffering injury, and he\\ntherefore concluded he might find safety in some of their houses.\\nHe stealthily ran to one occupied by Mr. Langlade and family, who\\nwere at their windows beholding the bloody scene. Mr. L. scarcely\\ndared to harbor him, but a Pawnee slave of the former concealed\\nhim in the garret, locked the stairway door and took away the key.\\nIn this situation Mr. Henry obtained through an aperture a view", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "42 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nof whuc was going on without. He saw the dead scalped and man-\\ngled, the dying in writhing agony under the insatiate knife and\\ntomahawk, and the savages drinking human blood from the hollow\\nof their joined hands! Mr. Henry almost felt as if he were a vic-\\ntim himself, so intense were his sufferings. Soon the Indian fiends\\nbegan to halloo, All is finished! At this instant Henry heard\\nsome of the Indians enter the house in which he had taken shelter.\\nThe garret was separated from the room below by only a layer of\\nsingle boards, and Mr. Henry heard all that was said. As soon as\\nthe Indians entered they inquired whether there were any English-\\nmen in the house. Mr. Langlade replied that lie could not say;\\nthey might examine for themselves. He then conducted them to\\nthe garret door. As the door was locked, a moment of time was\\nsnatched by Mr. Henry to crawl into a heap of birch-bark vessels\\nin a dark corner; and although several Indians searched around the\\ngarret, one of them coming within arm s length of the sweating\\nprisoner, they went out satisfied that no Englishman was there.\\nAs Mr. Henry was passing the succeeding night in this room he\\ncould think of no possible chance of escape from the country. He\\nwas out of provisions, the nearest post was Detroit, 400 miles away,\\nand the route thither lay through the enemy s country. The next\\nmorning he heard Indian voices below informing Mr. Langlade that\\nthey had not found an Englishman named Henry among the dead,\\nand that they believed him to be somewhere concealed. Mrs. L.,\\nbelieving that the safety of the houseliold depended on giving up\\nthe refugee to his pursuers, prevailed on her husband to lead the\\nIndians up stairs, to the room of Mr. H. The latter was saved from\\ninstant death by one of the savages adopting him as a u brother,\\nin the place of one lost. The Indians were all mad with liquor,\\nhowever, and Mr. II. again very narrowly escaped death. An hour\\nafterward he was taken out of the fort by an Indian indebted to him\\nfor goods, and was under the uplifted knife of the savage when he\\nsuddenly broke away from him and made back to Mr. Langlade s\\nhouse, barely escaping the knife of the Indian the whole distance.\\nThe next day he, with three other prisoners, were taken in a canoe\\ntoward Lake Michigan, and at Fox Point, 18 miles distant, the\\nOttawas rescued the whites, through spite at the Chippewas, say-\\ning that the latter contemplated killing and eating them; but the\\nnext day they were returned to the Chippewas, as the result of some\\nkind of agreement about the conduct of the war. He was rescued\\nagain by an old friendly Indian claiming him as a brother. The\\nnext morning he saw the dead bodies of seven whites dragged forth\\nfrom the prison lodge he had just occupied. The fattest of these\\ndead bodies was actually served up and feasted on, directly before\\nthe eyes of Mr. Henry.\\nThrough the partiality of the Ottawas and complications of mili-\\ntary affairs among the Indians, Mr. Henry, after severe exposures\\nand many more thrilling escapes, was finally landed within terri-\\ntory occupied by whites.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "GEN. ARTHUR ST. CLAIR.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "44 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nFor more than a year after the massacre, Michilimackinac was\\noccupied only by wood rangers aud Indians; then, after the treaty,\\nCapt. Howard was sent with troops to take possession.\\nSIEGE OF DETROIT.\\nIn the spring of 1763 Pontiac determined to take Detroit by an\\ningenious assault. He had his men file off their guns so that they\\nwould be short enough to conceal under their blanket clothing as\\nthey entered the fortification. A Canadian woman who went over\\nto their village on the east side of the river to obtain some venison,\\nsaw them thus at work on their guns, and suspected they were pre-\\nparing for an attack on the whites. She told her neighbors what\\nshe had seen, and one of them informed the commandant, Major\\nGladwvn, who at first slighted the advice, but before another day\\npassed he had full knowledge of the plot. There is a legend that a\\nbeautiful Chippewa girl, well known to Gladwyn, divulged to him\\nthe scheme which the Indians had in view, namely, that the next\\nday Pontiac would come to the fort with 60 of his chiefs, each\\narmed with a gun cut short and hidden under his blanket; that\\nPontiac would demand a council, deliver a speech, offer a peace-belt\\nof wampum, holding it in a reversed position as the signal for\\nattack; that the chiefs, sitting upon the ground, would then spring\\nup and fire upon the officers, and the Indians out in the streets\\nwould next fall upon the garrison, and kill every Englishman, Cut\\nsparing all the French.\\nGladwyn accordingly put the place in a state of defense as well as\\nhe could, and arranged for a quiet reception of the Indians and a\\nsudden attack upon them when he should give a signal. At 10\\no clock, May 7, according to the girl s prediction, the Indians came,\\nentered the fort and proceeded with the programme, but with some\\nhesitation, as they saw their plot had been discovered. Pontiac\\nmade his speech, professing friendship for the English, etc., and\\nwithout giving his signal tor attack, sat down, and heard Major\\nGladwyn s reply, who suffered him and his men to retire unmo-\\nlested. He probably feared to take them as prisoners, as war was\\nnot actual^ commenced. The next day Pontiac determined to try\\nagain, but was refused entrance at the gate unless he should come\\nin alone. He turned away in a rage, and in a few minutes some of\\nhis men commenced the peculiarly Indian work of attacking an\\ninnocent household and murdering them, just beyond the range of\\nBritish guns. Another squad murdered an Englishman on an\\nisland at a little distance. Pontiac did not authorize these pro-\\nceedings, but retired across the river and ordered preparations to\\nbe made for taking the fort by direct assault, the headquarters of\\nthe camp to be on Bloody run west of the river. Meanwhile\\nthe garrison was kept in readiness for any outbreak. The very next\\nday Pontiac, having received reinforcements from the Chippewas\\nof Saginaw Bay, commenced the attack, but was repulsed; no deaths", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. -15\\nupon either side. Gladwyn sent embassadors to arrange for peace,\\nbut Pontiac, although professing to be willing in a general way to\\nconclude peace, would not agree to any particular proposition. A\\nnumber of Canadians visited the fort and warned the commandant\\nto evacuate, as 1,500 or more Indians would storm the place in an\\nhour; and soon afterward a Canadian came with a summons from\\nPontiac, demanding Gladwyn to surrender the post at once, and\\npromising that, in case of compliance, he and his men would be\\nallowed to go on board their vessels unmolested, leaving their arms\\nand effects behind. To both these advices Major Gladwyn gave a\\n11 at refusal.\\nOnly three weeks provisions were within the fort, and the garri-\\nson was in a deplorable condition. A few Canadians, however,\\nfrom across the river, sent some provisions occasionally, by night.\\nHad it not been for this timely assistance, the garrison would\\ndoubtless have had to abandon the fort. The Indians themselves\\nsoon began to suffer from hunger, as they had not prepared for a\\nlong siege; but Pontiac, after some maraudings upon the French\\nsettlers had been made, issued promises to pa} 7 on birch bark,\\nwith which he pacified the residents. He subsequently redeemed\\nall these notes. About the end of July Capt. Dalzell arrived from\\nNiagara with re-enforcements and provisions, and persuaded Glad-\\nwyn to undertake an aggressive movement against Pontiac. Dalzell\\nwas detailed for the purpose of attacking the camp at Parent s\\ncreek, a mile and a half away, but being delajxd a day, Pontiac\\nlearned of his movements and prepared his men to contest his\\nmarch. On the next morning, July 31, before day-break, Dalzell\\nwent out with 250 men, but was repulsed with a loss of 59 killed\\nand wounded, while the Indians lost less than half that number.\\nParent s creek was afterward known as Bloody run.\\nShortly afterward, the schooner Gladwyn, on its return from\\nNiagara with ammunition and provisions, anchored about nine miles\\nbelow Detroit for the night, when in the darkness about 300 Indians\\nin canoes came quietly upon the vessel and very nearly succeeded\\nin taking it. Slaughter proceeded vigorously until the mate gave\\norders to his men to blow up the schooner, when the Indians, under-\\nstanding the design, fled precipitately, plunging into the water and\\nswimming ashore. This desperate command saved the crew, and\\nthe schooner succeeded in reaching the post with the much needed\\nsupply of provisions.\\nBy this time, September, most of the tribes around Detroit were\\ndisposed to sue for peace. A truce being obtained, Gladwyn laid in\\nprovisions for the winter, while Pontiac retired with his chiefs to\\nthe Maumee country, only to prepare for a resumption of war the\\nnext spring. He or his allies the next season carried on a petty\\nwarfare until in August, when the garrison, now worn out and\\nreduced, were relieved by fresh troops, Major Bradstreet com-\\nmanding. Pontiac retired to the Maumee again, still to stir up\\nhate against the British. Meanwhile the Indians near Detroit,", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "46 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nscarcely comprehending what they were doing, were induced by\\nBradstreet to declare themselves subjects of Great Britain. An\\nembassy sent to Pontiac induced him also to cease belligerent\\noperations against the British.\\nIn 1769 the great chief and warrior, Pontiac, was killed in Illi-\\nnois by a Kaskaskia Indian, for a barrel of whisky offered by an\\nEnglishman named Williamson.\\nThe British at Detroit now changed their policy somewhat, and\\nendeavored to conciliate the Indians, paying them for. land and\\nencouraging French settlements in the vicinity. This encourage-\\nment was exhibited, in part, in showing some partiality to French\\ncustoms.\\nAt this time the fur trade was considerably revived, the princi-\\npal point of shipment being the Grand Portage of Lake Superior.\\nThe charter boundaries of the two companies, the Hudson s Bay\\nand the Northwest, not having been very well defined, the employes\\nof the respective companies often came into conflict. Lord Selkirk,\\nthe head of the former company, euded the difficulty by uniting\\nthe stock of both companies. An attempt was also made to mine\\nand ship copper, but the project was found too expensive.\\nAMERICAN REVOLUTION.\\nBy this important struggle the territory of the present State of\\nMichigan was but little affected, the posts of Detroit and Mackinaw\\nbeing the principal points whence the British operated among the\\nIndians to prejudice them against the Americans, going so far\\nas to pay a reward for scalps, which the savages of course hesitated\\nnot to take from defenseless inhabitants. The expeditions made by\\nthe Indians for this purpose were even supported sometimes by the\\nregular troops and local militia. One of these joint expeditions,\\ncommanded by Capt. Byrd, set out from Detroit to attack Louis-\\nville, Ky. It proceeded in boats as far as it could ascend the\\nMaumee, and thence crossed to the Ohio river, on which stream\\nRuddle s Station was situated, which surrendered at once, without\\nfighting, under the promise of being protected from the Indians;\\nbut this promise was broken and all the prisoners massacred.\\nAnother expedition, under Gov. Hamilton, the commandant at\\nDetroit, started out in 1778, and appeared at Vincennes, Ind., with\\na force of 30 regulars, 50 French volunteers and about 400 Indians.\\nAt this fort the garrison consisted only of Capt. Helm and one\\nsoldier, named Henry. Seeing the troops at a distance, they loaded\\na cannon, which they placed in the open gateway; and Capt. Helm\\nstood by the cannon with a lighted match. When Hamilton with\\nhis army approached within hailing distance, Helm called out with a\\nloud voice, Halt! This show of resistance made Hamilton stop\\nand demand a surrender of the garrison. No man, exclaimed\\nHelm, with an oath, enters here until I know the terms. Ham-\\nilton replied, You shall have the honors of war. Helm thereupon", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 47\\nsurrendered the fort, and the whole garrison, consisting of the two\\nalready named marched out and received the customary marks\\nof respect for their brave defense. Hamilton was soon afterward\\nmade to surrender this place to Gen. George Rogers Clark, the\\nablest American defender in the West. The British soldiers were\\nallowed to return to Detroit; but their commander, who was known\\nto have been active in instigating Indian barbarities, was put in\\nirons and sent to Virginia as a prisoner of war.\\nThe English at Detroit suspected that a certain settlement of\\npious Moravian missionaries on the Muskingum river were aiding\\nthe American cause, and they called a conference at Niagara and\\nurged the Iroquois to break up the Indian congregation which had\\ncollected under these missionaries: but the Iroquois declined to\\nconcern themselves so deeply in white men s quarrels, and sent\\na message to theChippewasand Ottawas, requesting them to make\\nsoup of the Indian congregation on the Muskingum.\\nThese Moravian missionaries came to Detroit in 1781, before De\\nPeyster, the commandant. A war council was held, and the council-\\nhouse completely filled with Indians. Capt. Pike, an Indian chief,\\naddressed the assembly and told the commandant that the English\\nmight tight the Americans if they chose; it was their cause, not his;\\nthat they had raised a quarrel among themselves, and it was their\\nbusiness to fight it out. They had set him on the Americans as the\\nhunter sets his dog upon the game. By the side of the British\\ncommander stood another war chief, with a stick in his hand four\\nfeet in length, strung with American scalps. This warrior fol-\\nlowed Capt. Pike, saying: Now, father, here is what has been done\\nwith the hatchet you gave me. I have made the use of it you\\nordered me to do, and found it sharp.\\nThe events just related are specimens of what occurred at and in\\nconnection with Detroit from the close of Pontiac s war until a\\nnumber of years after the establishment of American independence.\\nWhen the treaty of peace was signed at Versailles in 1783, the British\\non the frontier reduced their aggressive policy somewhat, but they\\ncontinued to occupy the lake posts until 1796, on the claim that\\nthe lake region was not designed to be included in the treaty by the\\ncommissioners, probably on account of their ignorance of the geog-\\nraphy of the region. Meanwhile the Indians extensively organized\\nfor depredation upon the Americans, and continued to harass them\\nat every point.\\nDuring this period Alex. McKenzie, an agent of the British gov-\\nernment, visited Detroit, painted like an Indian, and said that he\\nwas just from the upper lakes, and that the tribes in that region\\nwere all in arms against any further immigration of Americans,\\nand were ready to attack the infant settlements in Ohio. His state-\\nments had the desired effect; and, encouraged also by an agent from\\nthe Spanish settlements on the Mississippi, the Indians organized a\\ngreat confederacy against the United States. To put this down,\\nGen. Harmar was first sent out by the Government, with 1,400 men;", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "48 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nbut he imprudently divided his army, and he was taken by surprise\\nand defeated by a body of Indians under Little Turtle. Gen.\\nArthur St. Clair was next sent out, with 2,000 men, and lie suf-\\nfered a like fate. Then Gen. Anthony Wayne was sent West with\\na still larger army, and on the Maumee he gained an easy victory\\nover the Indians, within a few miles of a British post. He\\nfinally concluded a treaty with the Indians at Greenville, which\\nbroke up the whole confederacy. The British soon afterward gave\\nup Detroit and Mackinaw.\\nIt was a considerable time before the Territory of Michigan,\\nnow in the possession of the United States, was improved or altered\\nby the increase of settlements. The Canadian French continued to\\nform the principal part of its population. The interior of the coun-\\ntry was but little known, except by the Indians and the fur traders.\\nThe Indian title not being fully extinguished, no lands were\\nbrought into market, and consequently the settlements increased\\nbut slowly. The State of Michigan at this time constituted simply\\nthe county of Wayne in Northwest Territory. It sent one Repre-\\nsentative to the Legislature of that Territory, which was held at\\nChillicothe. A court of common pleas was organized for the\\ncounty, and the General Court of the whole Territory sometimes\\nmet at Detroit. No roads had as yet been constructed through the\\ninterior, nor were there any settlements except on the frontiers.\\nThe habits of the people were essentially military, and but little\\nattention was paid to agriculture except by the French peasantry.\\nA representation was sent to the General Assembly of the North-\\nwest Territory at Chillicothe until 1800, when Indiana was erected\\ninto a separate Territory. Two years later Michigan was annexed\\nto Indiana Territory; but in 1805 Michigan separated, and William\\nHull appointed its first Governor. Tuttle s Hist. Mich.\\nThe British revived the old prejudices that the Americans intended\\nto drive the Indians out of the country, and the latter, under\\nthe lead of Tecumseh and his brother Elkswatawa, the prophet,\\norganized again on an extensive scale to make war upon the Amer-\\nicans. The great idea of Tecumseh s life was a universal conted-\\neracy of all the Indian tribes north and south to resist the invasion\\nof the whites; and his plan was to surprise them at all their posts\\nthroughout the country and capture them by the first assault. At\\nthis time the entire white population of Michigan was about 4,800,\\nfour-fifths of whom were French and the remainder Americans.\\nThe settlements were situated on the rivers Miami and Raisin, on the\\nHuron of Lake Erie, on the Ecorse, Rouge and Detroit rivers, on\\nthe Huron of St. Clair, on the St. Clair river and Mackinaw island.\\nBesides, there were here and there a group of huts belonging to the\\nFrench fur traders. The villages on the Maumee, the Raisin and\\nthe Huron of Lake Erie contained a population of about 1,300;\\nthe settlements at Detroit and northward had about 2,200; Mack-\\ninaw about 1,000. Detroit was garrisoned by 94 men and Mack-\\ninaw bv 70.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "kJ\\nAT*/* 5\\nTRAPPING.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "TECUMSEH.\\nIf one should inquire who has been the greatest Indian, the most\\nnoted, the principal Indian in North America since its discov-\\nery by Columbus, we would be obliged to answer, Tecumseh. For\\nall those qualities which elevate a man far above his race; for talent,\\ntact, skill and bravery as a warrior; for high-minded, honorable and\\nchivalrous bearing as a man; in a word, for all those elements of\\ngreatness which place him a long way above his fellows in savage\\nlife, the name and fame of Tecnmseh will go down to posterity in\\nthe West as one of the most celebrated of the aborigines of this\\ncontinent, as one who had no equal among the tribes that dwelt\\nin the country drained by the Mississippi. Born to command him-\\nself, he used all the appliances that would stimulate the courage\\nand nerve the valor of his followers. Always in the front rank of\\nbattle, his followers blindly followed his lead, and as his war-cry\\nrang clear above the din and noise of the battle-field, the Shawnee\\nwarriors, as they rushed on to victory or the grave, rallied around\\nhim, foemen worthy of the steel of the most gallant commander\\nthat ever entered the lists in defense of his altar or his home.\\nThe tribe to which Tecumseh, or Tecumtha, as some write it, be-\\nlonged, was the Shawnee, or Shawanee. The tradition of the nation,\\nheld that they originally came from the Gulf of Mexico; that they\\nwended their way up the Mississippi and the Ohio, and settled at\\nor near the present site of Shawneetown, 111., whence they removed\\nto the upper Wabash. In the latter place, at any rate, they were\\nfound early in the 18th century, and were known as the bravest\\nof the brave. This tribe has uniformly been the bitter enemy of\\nthe white man, and in every contest with our people has exhibited\\na degree of skill and strategy that should characterize the most\\ndangerous foe.\\nTecnmseh s notoriety and that of his brother, the Prophet, mutu-\\nally served to establish and strengthen each other. While the\\nProphet had unlimited power, spiritual and temporal, he distributed\\nhis greatness in all the departments of Indian life with a kind of\\nfanaticism that magnetically aroused the religious and superstitious\\npassions, not only of his own followers, but also of all the tribes in\\n(50)", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 51\\nthis part of the country; but Tecuraseh concentrated his greatness\\nupon the more practical and business affairs of military conquest.\\nIt is doubted whether he was really a sincere believer in the preten-\\nsions of his fanatic brother; if he did not believe in the pretentious\\nfeature of them he had the shrewdness to keep his unbelief to him-\\nself, knowing that religious fanaticism was one of the strongest im-\\npulses to reckless bravery.\\nDuring his sojourn in the Northwestern Territory, it was Tecum-\\nseh s uppermost desire of life to confederate all the Indian tribes of\\nthe country together against the whites, to maintain their choice\\nhunting-grounds. All his public policy converged toward this sin-\\ngle end. In his vast scheme he comprised even all the Indians in\\nthe Gulf country, all in America west of the Alleghany moun-\\ntains. He held, as a subordinate principle, that the Great Spirit\\nhad given the Indian race all these hunting-grounds to keep in\\ncommon, and that no Indian or tribe could cede any portion of the\\nland to the whites without the consent of all the tribes. Hence, in\\nall his councils with the whites he ever maintained that the treaties\\nwere null and void.\\nWhen he met Harrison at Vincennes in council the last time,\\nand, as he was invited by that General to take a seat with him on\\nthe platform, he hesitated; Harrison insisted, saying that it was the\\nwish of their Great Father, the President of the United States,\\nthat he should do so. The chief paused a moment, raised his tall\\nand commanding form to its greatest height, surveyed the troops\\nand crowd around him, fixed his keen eyes upon Gov. Harrison,\\nand then turning them to the sky above, and pointing toward\\nheaven with his sinewy arm in a manner indicative of supreme\\ncontempt for the paternity assigned him, said in clarion tones: My\\nfather? The sun is my father, the earth is my mother, and on her\\nbosom I will recline. He then stretched himself, with his war-\\nriors, on the green sward. The effect was electrical, and for some\\nmoments there was perfect silence.\\nThe Governor, then, through an interpreter, told him that he un-\\nderstood he had some complaints to make and redress to ask, etc.,\\nand that he wished to investigate the matter and make restitution\\nwherever it might be decided it should be done. As soon as the\\nGovernor was through with this introductory speech, the stately\\nwarrior arose, tall, athletic, manly, dignified and graceful, and with\\na voice at first low, but distinct and musical, commenced a reply.\\nAs he warmed up with his subject his clear tones might be heard,", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "52 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nas if trumpet-tongued, to the utmost limits of the assembly.\\nThe most perfect silence prevailed, except when his warriors gave\\ntheir guttural assent to some eloquent recital of the red man s\\nwrong and the white man s injustice. Tecumseh recited the wrongs\\nwhich his race had suffered from the time of the massacre of the\\nMoravian Indians to the present; said he did not know how he\\ncould ever again be the friend of the white man; that the Great\\nSpirit had given to the Indian all the land from the Miami to the\\nMississippi, and from the lakes to the Ohio, as a common property\\nto all the tribes in these borders, and that the land could not and\\nshould not be sold without the consent of all; that all the tribes on\\nthe continent formed but one nation; that if the United States\\nwould not give up the lands they had bought of the Miamis and\\nthe other tribes, those united with him were determined to annihi-\\nlate those tribes; that they were determined to have no more chiefs,\\nbut in future to be governed by their warriors; that unless the\\nwhites ceased their encroachments upon Indian lands, the fate of\\nthe Indians was sealed they had been, driven from the banks of\\nthe Delaware across the Alleghanies, and their possessions on the\\nWabash and the Illinois were now to be taken from them; that in\\na few years they would not have ground enough to bury their war-\\nriors on this side of the Father of Waters; that all would perish,\\nall their possessions taken from them by fraud or force, unless they\\nstopped the progress of the white man westward; that it must be\\na war of races in which one or the other must perish; that their\\ntribes had been driven toward the setting sun like a galloping\\nhorse (ne-kat a-kush-e ka-top-o-lin-to).\\nThe Shawnee language, in which this most eminent Indian states-\\nman spoke, excelled all other aboriginal tongues in its musical ar-\\nticulation; and the effect of Tecumseh s oratory on this occasion\\ncan be more easily imagined than described. Gov. Harrison,\\nalthough as brave a soldier and General as any American, was over-\\ncome by this speech. He well knew Tecumseh s power and influ-\\nence among all the tribes, knew his bravery, courage and determi-\\nnation, and knew that he meant what he said. When Tecumseh\\nwas done speaking there was a stillness throughout the assembly\\nwhich was really painful; not a whisper was heard, and all eyes were\\nturned from the speaker toward Gov. Harrison, who after a few\\nmoments came to himself, and recollecting many of the absurd\\nstatements of the great Indian orator, began a reply which was\\nmore logical, if not so eloquent. The Shawnees were attentive un-", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 53\\ntil Harrison s interpreter began to translate his speech to the Mia-\\ninis and Pottawatomies, when Tecumseh and his warriors sprang\\nto their feet, brandishing their war-cl nbs and tomahawks. Tell\\nhim, said Tecumseh, addressing the interpreter in Shawnee, he\\nlies. The interpreter undertook to convey this message to the\\nGovernor in smoother language, but Tecumseh noticed the effort\\nand remonstrated, No, no; tell him belies. The warriors began\\nto grow more excited, when Secretary Gibson ordered the Ameri-\\ncan troops in arms to advance. This allayed the rising storm, and\\nas soon as Tecumseh s He lies was literally interpreted to the\\nGovernor, the latter told Tecumseh through the interpreter to tell\\nTecumseh he would hold no further council with him.\\nThus the assembly was broken up, and one can hardly imagine a\\nmore exciting scene. It would constitute the finest subject for a\\nhistorical painting to adorn the rotunda of the capitol. The next\\nday Tecumseh requested another interview with the Governor,\\nwhich was granted on condition that he should make an apology to\\nthe Governor for his language the day before. This he made\\nthrough the interpreter. Measures for defense and protection were\\ntaken, however, lest there should be another outbreak. Two com-\\npanies of militia were ordered from the country, and the one in\\ntown added to them, while the Governor and his friends went into\\ncouncil fully armed and prepared for any contingency. On this oc-\\ncasion the conduct of Tecumseh was entirely different from that of\\nthe day before. Firm and intrepid, showing not the slightest fear\\nor alarm, surrounded with a military force four times his own, he\\npreserved the utmost composure and equanimity. No one would\\nhave supposed that he could have been the principal actor in the\\nthrilling scene of the previous day. He claimed that half the\\nAmericans were in sympathy with him. He also said that whites\\nhad informed him that Gov. Harrison had purchased land from the\\nIndians without any authority from the Government; that he,\\nHarrison, had but two years more to remain in office, and that if\\nhe, Tecumseh, could prevail upon the Indians who sold the lands\\nnot to receive their annuities for that time, and the present Gover-\\nnor displaced by a good man as his successor, the latter would re-\\nstore to the Indians all the lands purchased from them.\\nThe Wyandots, Kickapoos, Pottawatomies, Ottawasand the Win-\\nnebagoes, through their respective spokesmen, declared their\\nadherence to the great Shawnee warrior and statesman. Gov. Harri-\\nson then told them that he would send Tecumseh s speech to thePresi-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "54 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\ndent of the United States and return the answer to the Indians as soon\\nas it was received. Tecumseh then declared that he and his allies were\\ndetermined that the old boundary line should continue; and that\\nif the whites crossed it, it would be at their peril Gov. Harrison re-\\nplied that he would be equally plain with him and state that the\\nPresident would never allow that the lands on the Wabash were the\\nproperty of any other tribes than those who had occupied them\\nsince the white people first came to America; and as the title to\\nthe lands lately purchased was derived from those tribes by a fair\\npurchase, he might rest assured that the right of the United States\\nwould be supported by the sword. So be it, was the stern and\\nhaughty reply of the Shawnee chieftan, as he and his braves took\\nleave of the Governor and wended their way in Indian file to their\\ncamping ground.\\nThus ended the last conference on earth between the chivalrous\\nTecumseh and the hero of the battle of Tippecanoe. The bones of\\nthe first lie bleaching on the battle-field of the Thames, and those\\nof the last in a mausoleum on the banks of the Ohio; each strug-\\ngled for the mastery of his race, and each no doubt was equally\\nhonest and patriotic in his purposes. The weak yielded to the\\nstrong, the defenseless to the powerful, and the hunting-ground of\\nthe Shawnee is all occupied by his enemy.\\nTecumseh, with four of his braves, immediately embarked in a\\nbirch canoe, descended the Wabash, and went on to the South to\\nunite the tribes of that country in a general system of self-defense\\nagainst the encroachment of the whites. His emblem was a dis-\\njointed snake, with the motto, Join or die! In union alone was\\nstrength.\\nBefore Tecumseh left the Prophet s town at the mouth of the\\nTippecanoe river, on his excursion to the South, he had a definite\\nunderstanding with his brother and the chieftains of the other tribes\\nin the Wabash country, that they should preserve perfect peace\\nwith the whites until his arrangements were completed for a con-\\nfederacy of the tribes on both sides of the Ohio and on the Missis-\\nsippi river; but it seems that while he was in the South engaged\\nin his work of uniting the tribes of that country some of the North-\\nern tribes showed signs of fight and precipitated Harrison into that\\ncampaign which ended in the battle of Tippecanoe and the total\\nroute of the Indians. Tecumseh, on his return from the South,\\nlearning what had happened, was overcome with chagrin, disappoint-\\nment and anger, and accused his brother of duplicity and coward-", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "TECl MSEH.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "56 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nice; indeed, it is said that he never forgave him to the day of his\\ndeath. A short time afterward, on the breaking out of the war of\\nGreat Britain, he joined Proctor, at Maiden, with a party of his\\nwarriors, and was killed at the battle of the Thames, Oct. 5, 1813,\\nby a Mr. Wheatty, as we are positively informed by Mr. A. J. James,\\nnow a resident of La Harpe township, Hancock county, 111., whose\\nfather-in-law, John Pigman, of Coshocton county, Ohio, was an\\neye witness. Gen. Johnson has generally had the credit of killing\\nTecum seh.\\nOKEMOS.\\nOld Okemos, a nephew of Pontiac and once the chief of the\\nChippewas, was born at or near Knagg s Station, on the Shiawassee\\nriver, where the Chicago and Grand Trunk Railroad crosses that\\nstream. The date is shrouded in mystery. At the time of his\\ndeath he was said to be a centenarian. The earliest account we have\\nof him is that he took the war-path in 1796. Judge Littlejohn, x in\\nhis Legends of the Northwest, introduces him to the reader in\\n1803. The battle of Sandusky, in which Okemos took an active\\npart, was the great event of his life, and this it was that gave him\\nhis chieftainship and caused him to be revered by his tribe. Con-\\ncerning that event he himself used to say:\\nMyself and cousin, Man-a-to-corb-way, with 16 other braves\\nenlisted under the British flag, formed a scouting or war party, left\\nthe upper Raisin, and made our rendezvous at Sandusky. One\\nmorning while lying in ambush near a road lately cut for the pas-\\nsage of the American army and supply wagons, we saw 20 cavalry-\\nmen approaching us. Our ambush was located on a slight ridge,\\nwith brush directly in our front. We immediately decided to\\nattack the Americans, although they outnumbered us. Our plan\\nwas first to fire and cripple them, and then make a dash with the\\ntomahawk. We waited until they approached so near that we\\ncould count the buttons on their coats, when firing commenced.\\nThe cavalry-men with drawn sabers immediately charged upon the\\nIndians. The plumes upon the hats of the cavalry-men looked like\\na flock of a thousand pigeons just hovering for a lighting.\\nOkemos and his cousin fought side by side, loading and firing\\nwhile dodging from one cover to another. In less than ten minutes\\nafter the firing began the sound of a bugle was heard, and casting\\ntheir eyes in the direction of the sound, they saw the road and\\nwoods filled with cavalry. The small party of Indians were\\nimmediately surrounded and every man cut down. All were left\\nfor dead on the field. Okemos and his cousin both had their skulls\\ncloven and their bodies gashed in a fearful manner. The cavalry-\\nmen, before leaving the field, in order to be sure life was extinct,\\nwould lean forward from their horses and pierce the chests of the\\nIndians, even into their lungs. The last that Okemos remembered\\nwas that after emptying one saddle, and springing toward another", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 57\\nsoldier with clubbed rifle raised to strike, his head felt as if it were\\npierced with red-hot iron, and he went down from a heavy saber-cut.\\nAll knowledge ceased from this time until many moons afterward,\\nwhen he found himself being nursed by the squaws of his friends,\\nwho had found him on the battle-field two or three days afterward.\\nThe squaws thought all were dead, but upon moving the bodies of\\nOkemos and. his cousin, signs of life appeared, and they were taken\\nto a place of safety and finally restored to partial health. Okemos\\nnever afterward took part in war, this battle having satisfied him\\nthat white man was a heap powerful.\\nShortly after his recovery he solicited Col. Godfroy to intercede\\nwith Gen. Cass, and he and other chiefs made a treaty with the\\nAmericans, which was faithfully kept.\\nThe next we hear of the old chieftain, he had settled with his\\ntribe on the banks of the Shiawassee, near the place of his birth,\\nwhere for many years, up to 1837- 8, he was engaged in the peace-\\nful vocation of hunting, fishing and trading with the white man.\\nAbout this time the small-pox broke out in his tribe, which,\\ntogether with the influx of white settlers who destroyed their hunt-\\ning-grounds, scattered their bands. The plaintive, soft notes of the\\nwooing young hunter s flute, made of red alder, and the sound of\\nthe tom-tom at council fires and village feasts were heard no more\\nalong the banks of our inland streams. Okemos became a mendi-\\ncant, and many a hearty meal has the old Indian received from his\\nfriends among the whites. He was five feet four inches high, lithe,\\nwiry, active, intelligent and possessed undoubted bravery but in con-\\nversation he hesitated and mumbled his words. Previous to the\\nbreaking up of his band in 1837- 8, his usual dress consisted of a\\nblanket coat with belt, steel pipe, hatchet, tomahawk and a heavy,\\nlong, English hunting-knife stuck in his belt in front, with a large\\nbone handle prominent outside the sheath. He painted his cheeks\\nand forehead with vermilion, wore a shawl around his head turban\\nfashion, and leggins. He died at his wigwam a few miles from\\nLansing, and was buried Dec. 5, 1858, at Shimnieon, an Indian\\nsettlement in Ionia county. His coffin was extremely rude, and in\\nit were placed a pipe, tobacco, hunting-knife, bird s wings, pro-\\nvisions, etc. An ambrotype picture was taken of this eminent\\nIndian in 1857, and has ever since been in the possession of O. A.\\nJenisou at Lansing, from whom we obtain the above account.\\nbull s surrender.\\nNow we have to record an unexplained mystery, which no his-\\ntorian of Michigan can omit, namely, the surrender of Detroit to\\nthe British by Gen. Hull, when his forces were not in action and\\nwere far more powerful than the enemy. He was either a coward\\nor a traitor, or both. The commander of the British forces, Gen.\\nBrock, triumphantly took possession of the fort, left a small garri-\\nson under Col. Proctor, and returned to the seat of his government.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "58 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nIn 12 days he had moved with a small army 250 miles against the\\nenemy, effected the surrender of a strong fort and well equipped\\narmy of 2,300 effective men, and one of the Territories of the\\nUnited States. Hull and the regular troops were taken to Mon-\\ntreal, and the militia were sent to their homes.\\nIn the capitulation Gen. Hall also surrendered Fort Dearborn at\\nChicago, commanding Capt. Heald of that place to evacuate and\\nretreat to Fort Wayne. In obedience to this order the Captain\\nstarted from the fort with his forces; but no sooner were they out-\\nside the walls than they were attacked by a large force of Indians,\\nwho took them prisoners and then proceeded to massacre them,\\nkilling 38 out of the 60 soldiers, even some of the women and\\nchildren, two of the former and 12 of the latter. Capt. Wells, a\\nwhite man who had been brought up among the Indians, but\\nespoused the white man s cause, was killed in the massacre.\\nJan. 3, 1814, Gen. Hull appeared before a court-martial at Albany,\\n1ST. Y., where Gen. Dearborn was president. The accused made no\\nobjection to the constitution and jurisdiction of this court; its ses-\\nsions were protracted and every facility was given the accused to\\nmake his defense. The three charges against him were treason,\\ncowardice and neglect of duty. Hull was finally acquitted of the\\nhigh crime of treason, but he was found guilty of the other charges\\nand sentenced to be shot; but by reason of his services in the\\nRevolution and his advanced age the court recommended him to\\nthe mercy of the President, who approved the finding of the court\\nbut remitted the execution of the sentence and dismissed Hull\\nfrom the service. The accused wrote a long defense, in which he\\nenumerates many things too tedious to relate here. Even before\\nhe was sent to Detroit he was rather opposed to the policy of the\\nGovernment toward the British of Canada; and, besides, he had\\nbeen kindly treated by British officers, who helped him across the\\nfrontier. Again, the general Government was unreasonably slow\\nto inform the General of the declaration of war which had been\\nmade against Great Britain, and very slow to forward troops and\\nsupplies. Many things can be said on both sides; but historians\\ngenerally approve the judgment of the court in his case, as well\\nas of the executive clemency of the President.\\nperry s victory.\\nThe lake communication of Michigan with the East, having\\nbeen in the hands of the British since Hull s surrender, was cut off\\nby Com. Perry, who obtained a signal naval victory over the British\\non Lake Erie Sept. 10, 1813. The Commodore built his fleet at\\nErie, Pa., under great disadvantages. The bar at the mouth of the\\nharbor would not permit the vessels to pass out with their arma-\\nment on board. For some time after the fleet was ready to sail,\\nthe British commodore continued to hover off the harbor, well know-\\ning it must either remain there inactive or venture out with almost", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 59\\na certainty of defeat. During this blockade, Com. Perry bad no\\nalternative but to ride at anchor at Erie; but early in September\\nthe enemy relaxed his vigilance and withdrew to the upper end of\\nthe lake. Perry then slipped out beyond the bar and fitted his ves-\\nsels for action. The British fleet opposed to Com. Perry consisted\\nof the ships Detroit, carrying 19 guns; the Queen Charlotte,\\n17 guns; the schooner Lady Prevost, 13 guns; the brig Hun-\\nter, ten guns; the sloop Little Belt, three guns; and the\\nschooner Chippewa, one gun and two swivels; and this fleet was\\ncommanded by a veteran officer of tried skill and valor.\\nAt sunrise, Sept. 10, while at anchor at Put-in-Bay, the Commo-\\ndore espied the enemy toward the head of the lake, aud he imme-\\ndiately sailed up and commenced action. His flag vessel, the\\nLawrence, was engaged with the whole force of the enemy for\\nnearly two hours before the wind permitted the other vessels to\\ncome in proper position to help. The crew of this vessel continued\\nthe fight until every one of them was either killed or wounded, all\\nthe rigging torn to pieces and every gun dismantled. Now comes\\nthe daring feat of the engagement which makes Perry a hero. He\\ncaused his boat to be lowered, in which he rowed to the Niagara\\namid the storm of shot and shell raging around him. This vessel\\nhe sailed through the enemy s fleet with a swelling breeze, pouring\\nin her broadsides upon their ships and forcing them to surrender in\\nrapid succession, until all were taken. The smaller vessels of his\\nfleet helped in this action, among which was one commanded by\\nthe brave and faithful Capt. Elliott. This victory was one of the\\nmost decisive in all the annals of American history. It opened\\nthe lake to Gen. Wm. H. Harrison, who had been operating in\\nIndiana and Ohio, and who now crossed with his army to Canada,\\nwhere he had a short campaign, terminated by the battle of the\\nMoravian towns, by which the enemy were driven from the north-\\nwestern frontier. A detachment of his array occupied Detroit\\nSept. 29, 1813, and Oct. 18 an armistice was concluded with the\\nIndians, thus restoring tranquillity to the Territory of Michigan.\\nSoon afterward Gen. Harrison left Gen. Cass in command at\\nDetroit and moved with the main body of his army down to the\\nNiagara frontier.\\nPerry s brilliant success gave to the Americans the uncontrolled\\ncommand of the lake, and Sept. 23 their fleet landed 1,200\\nmen near Maiden. Col. Proctor, however, had previously evac-\\nuated that post, after setting fire to the fort and public store-\\nhouses. Com. Perry in the meantime passed up to Detroit with\\nthe Ariel to assist in the occupation of that town, while Capt.\\nElliott, with the Lady Prevost, the Scorpion, and the\\nTigress, advanced into Lake St. Clair to intercept the enemy s\\nstores. Thus Gen. Harrison, on his arrival at Detroit and Maiden,\\nfound both places abandoned by the enetny, and was met by the\\nCanadians asking for his protection. Tecumseh proposed to the\\nBritish commander that they should hazard an engagement at Mai-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "60 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nden; but the latter foresaw that he should be exposed to the fire of\\nthe American fleet in that position, and therefore resolved to march\\nto the Moravian towns upon the Thames, near St. Clair lake,\\nabove Detroit, and there try the chance of a battle. His force at\\nthis time consisted of about 900 regular troops, and 1,500 Indians\\ncommanded by Tecumseh. The American army amounted to\\nabout. 2,700 men, of whom 120 were regulars, a considerable number\\nof militia, about 30 Indians, and the remainder Kentucky riflemen,\\nwell mounted, and mainly young men, full of ardor, and burning\\nwith a desire to revenge the massacre of their friends and relatives\\nat the River Raisin.\\nDuring the following winter there were no military movements,\\nexcept an incursion into the interior of the upper province by\\nMaj. Holmes, who was attacked near Stony creek, and maintained\\nhis ground with bravery.\\nCLOSE OF THE WAR.\\nThe war with Great Britain was now (November, 1813) practi-\\ncally closed, so far as the Northwest was concerned, but the post at\\nMackinaw yet remained in the hands of the enemy, and active steps\\nwere taken to dispossess the English of this point and drive them\\nwholly from the domain of the United States. The first effort to\\nstart an expedition failed; but in the summer of 1811 a well-\\nequipped force of two sloops of war, several schooners and 750\\nland militia, under the command of Com. Sinclair and Lieut.-Col.\\nCroghan, started for the north. Contrary, however, to the advice\\nof experienced men, the commanders concluded to visit St. Joseph\\nfirst, and the British at Mackinaw heard of their coming and pre-\\npared themselves. The consequence was a failure to take the place.\\nMajor Holmes was killed, and the Winnebago Indians, from Green\\nBay, allies of the British, actually cut out the heart and livers\\nfrom the American slain and cooked and ate them! Com. Sin-\\nclair afterward made some arrangements to starve out the post, but\\nhis vessels were captured and the British then remained secure in\\nthe possession of the place until the treaty of peace the following\\nwinter.\\nThe war with England formally closed on Dec. 24, 1814, when a\\ntreaty of peace was signed at Ghent. The 9th article of the treaty\\nrequired the United States to put an end to hostilities with all\\ntribes or nations of Indians with whom they had been at war; to\\nrestore to such tribes or nations respectively all the rights and pos-\\nsessions to which they were entitled in 1811, before the war, on\\ncondition that such Indians should agree to desist from all hostili-\\nties against the United States. But in February, just before the\\ntreaty was sanctioned by our Government, there were signs of\\nIndians accumulating arms and ammunition, and a cautionary\\norder was therefore issued to have all the white forces in readiness\\nfor an attack by the Indians; but the attack was not made. During", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "PONTIAC", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "62 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nthe ensuing summer and fall the United States Government ac-\\nquainted the Indians with the provisions of the treaty, and\\nentered into subordinate treaties of peace with the principal tribes.\\nJust before the treaty of Spring Wells (near Detroit) was signed,\\nthe Shawanee Prophet retired to Canada, declaring his resolu-\\ntion to abide by any treaty which the chiefs might sign. Some\\ntime afterward he returned to the Shawanee settlement in Ohio,\\nand lastly to the west of the Mississippi, where he died, in 1834.\\nThe British Government allowed him a pension from 1813 until\\nhis death.\\nPOLITICAL.\\nPrevious to the formation of the Northwestern Territory, the\\ncountry within its bounds was claimed by several of the Eastern\\nStates, on the ground that it was included within the limits indicated\\nby their charters from the English crown. In answer to the wishes of\\nthe Government and people, these States in a patriotic spirit\\nsurrendered their claims to this extensive territory, that it might\\nconstitute a common fund to aid in the payment of the national\\ndebt. To prepare the way for this cession, a law had been passed\\nin October, 1780, that the territory so to be ceded should be dis-\\nposed of for the common benefit of the whole Union; that the\\nStates erected therein should be of suitable extent, not less than 100\\nnor more than 150 miles square; and that any expenses that might\\nbe incurred in recovering the posts then in the hands of the\\nBritish should be reimbursed. New York released her claims to\\nCongress March 1, 1781; Virginia, March 1, 1784; Massachusetts,\\nApril 19, 1785, and Connecticut, Sept. 4, 1786.\\nUnder the French and British dominion the points occupied on\\nthe eastern boundary of what is now the State of Michigan were\\nconsidered a part of New France, or Canada. Detroit was known\\nto the French as Fort Pontchartrain. The military commandant,\\nunder both governments, exercised a civil jurisdiction over the\\nsettlements surrounding their posts. In 1796, when the British\\ngarrisons at Detroit and Mackinaw were replaced by detachments\\nby Gen.Wayne, Michigan became a part of the Northwestern Ter-\\nritory and was organized as the county of Wayne, entitled to one\\nRepresentative in the General Assembly, held at Chillicothe.\\nIn 1800, Indiana was made a separate Territory, embracing all\\nthe country west of the present State of Ohio and of an extension\\nof the western line of that State due north to the territorial limits\\not the United States; in 1802, the peninsula was annexed to the\\nTerritory of Indiana, and in 1805 Michigan began a separate exist-\\nence. That part of the Territory that lies east of a north and south\\nline through the middle of Lake Michigan was formed into a dis-\\ntinct government, and the provisions of the ordinance of 1787 con-\\ntinued to regulate it. Under this constitution the executive power\\nwas invested in a governor, the judicial in three judges, and the", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 63\\nlegislative in both united; the officers were appointed by the gen-\\neral Government, and their legislative authority was restricted to\\nthe adoption of laws from codes of the several States. This form of\\ngovernment was to continue until the Territory should contain 5,000\\nfree white males of full age. It then became optional with the peo-\\nple to choose a legislative body, to be supported by them; but sub-\\nsequent legislation b} r Congress more liberally provided a Legislature\\nat the expense of the general Government and also added to privi-\\nleges in the elective franchise and eligibility to office; as, for exam-\\nple, under the ordinance a freehold qualification was required, both\\non the part of the elector and of the elected.\\nThe first officers of the Territory of Michigan were: Wm. Hull,\\nGovernor; Augustus B. Woodward, Chief Judge; Frederick Bates,\\nSr., Assistant Judge and Treasurer; John Griffin, Assistant Judge;\\nCol. James May, Marshal; Abijah Hull, Surveyor; Peter Audrain,\\nClerk of the Legislative Board. May 5, 1807, Joseph Watson was\\nappointed Legislative secretary; in November, 1806, Elijah Brush\\nwas appointed treasurer, to succeed Mr. Bates, and the books of the\\noffice were delivered over on the 26th of that month, and William\\nMcDowell Scott was appointed marshal in November, 1806, to suc-\\nceed Col. May. The latter never held the office of judge of the\\nTerritory, but about 1800- 3 he was chief justice of the court of\\ncommon pleas.\\nAugustus Brevoort Woodward was a native of Virginia; was\\nappointed a judge of the Territory in 1805, his term of office expir-\\ning Feb. 1, 1824. He was soon after appointed judge of the Terri-\\ntory of Florida, and three years after that he died. The grand\\nscheme of Catholepistemiad, or State University of Michigan,\\nwith its numerous details described under sesquipedalian names\\nfrom the Greek, owed its origin to Judge Woodward.\\nJohn Griffin was appointed assistant judge in 1807, his term of\\noffice expiring Feb. 1, 1824. He was a native of Virginia, and died\\nin Philadelphia about 1840.\\nJames Witherell was a native of Massachusetts; was appointed a\\njudge of the Territory April 23, 1808, his term of office expiring\\nFeb. 1, 1824, when he was re-appointed for four years, and Feb. 1,\\n1828, he was appointed Territorial secretary.\\nWhen in 1818 Illinois was admitted into the Union, all the terri-\\ntory lying north of that State and of Indiana was annexed to Mich-\\nigan. In 1819, the Territory was authorized to elect a delegate to\\nCongress, according to the present usage with reference to Terri-\\ntories; previous to this time, according to the ordinance 1787, a\\nTerritory was not entitled to a delegate until it entered upon the\\nsecond grade of Government, and the delegate was then to be\\nchosen by the General Assembly.\\nIn 1823 Congress abolished the legislative power of the governor\\nand judges, and granted more enlarged ones to a council, to be\\ncomposed of nine persons selected by the President of the United", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "64 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nStates from eighteen chosen by the electors of the Territory; and by\\nthis law, also, eligibility to office was made co-extensive with the\\nright of suffrage as established by the act of 1819; also the judicial\\nterm of office was limited to four years. In 1825 all county officers,\\nexcept those of a judicial nature, were made elective, and the\\nappointments which remained in the hands of the executive were\\nmade subject to the approval of the legislative council. In 1827\\nthe electors were authorized to choose a number of persons for the\\nlegislative council, which was empowered to enact all laws not incon-\\nsistent with the ordinance of 1787. Their acts, however, were sub-\\nject to abolishment by Congress and to veto by the territorial\\nexecutives.\\nWhen Gen. Wm. Hull arrived at Detroit to assume his official\\nduties as Governor, he found the town in ruins, it having been\\ndestroyed by fire. Whether it had been burned by design or acci-\\ndent was not known. The inhabitants were without food and shel-\\nter, camping in the open fields; still they were not discouraged, and\\nsoon commenced rebuilding their houses on the same site; Congress\\nalso kindly granted the sufferers the site of the old town of Detroit\\nand 10,000 acres of land adjoining. A territorial militia was organ-\\nized, and a code of laws was adopted similar to those of the original\\nStates. This code was signed by Gov. Hull, Augustus B. Wood-\\nward and Frederick Bates, judges of the Territory, and was called\\nthe Woodward code.\\nAt this time the bounds of the Territory embraced all the coun-\\ntry on the American side of the Detroit river, east of the north and\\nsouth line through the center of Lake Michigan. The Indian land\\nclaims had been partially extinguished previous to this period. By\\nthe treaty of Fort Mcintosh in 1785, and that of Fort Harmar in\\n1787, extensive cessions had been either made or confirmed, and in\\n1807 the Indian titles to several tracts became entirely extinct.\\nSettlements having been made under the French and English gov-\\nernments, with irregularity or absence of definite surveys and\\nrecords, some confusion sprang up in regard to the titles to valuable\\ntracts. Accordingly Congress established a Board of Commission-\\ners to examine and settle these conflicting claims, and in 1807\\nanother act was passed, confirming, to a certain extent, the titles\\nof all such as had been in possession of the lands then occupied by\\nthem from the year 1796, the year of the final evacuation by the\\nBritish garrisons. Other acts were subsequently passed, extending\\nthe same conditions to the settlements on the upper lakes.\\nAs chief among the fathers of this State we may mention Gen.\\nLewis Cass, Stevens T. Mason, Augustus B. Woodward, John\\nNorvell, Wm. Woodbridge, John Biddle, Wm. A. Fletcher, Elon\\nFarnsworth, Solomon Sibley, Benj. B. Kircheval, John R. Wil-\\nliams, George Morrell, Daniel Goodwin, Augustus S. Porter, Benj.\\nF. H. Witherell, Jonathan Shearer and Charles C. Trowbridge, all\\nof Wayne county; Edmund Munday, James Kingsley and Alpheus\\nFelch, of Washtenaw; Ross Wilkins and John J. Adam, of Lena-", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 65\\nwee; Warner Wing, Charles Xoble and Austin E. Wing, of Monroe\\ncounty; Randolph Manning, O. D. Richardson and James B. Hunt,\\nof Oakland; Henry R. Schoolcraft, of Chippewa; Albert Miller, of\\nthe Saginaw Valley; John Stockton and Robert P. Eldridge, of\\nMacomb; Lucius Lyon, Charles E. Stuart, Edwin H. Lothrop,\\nEpaphroditus Ransom and Hezekiah G. Wells, of Kalamazoo; Isaac\\nE. Crary, John D. Pierce and Oliver C. Comstock, of Calhoun;\\nKinsley S. Bingham, of Livingston; John S Barry, of St. Joseph;\\nCharles W. Whipple, Calvin Britain and Thomas Fitzgerald, of\\nBerrien; and George Redfield, of Cass. These men and their com-\\npeers shaped the policy of the State, and decided what should be\\nits future. They originated all and established most of the great\\ninstitutions which are the evidences of our advanced civilization,\\nand of which we are so justly proud.\\nADMINISTRATION OF GEN. CASS.\\nAt the close of the war with Great Britain in 1814, an era of\\nprosperity dawned upon the infant territory. Gen. Lewis Cass, who\\nhad served the Government with great distinction during the war,\\nwas appointed Governor. The condition of the people was very\\nmuch reduced, the country was wild, and the British flag still waved\\nover the fort at Mackinaw. There was nothing inviting to immi-\\ngrants except the mere facts of the close of the war and the exist-\\nence of a fertile soil and a good climate. The Indians were still\\ndangerous, and the country was still comparatively remote from\\nthe centers of civilization and government. Such a set of circum-\\nstances was just the proper environment for the development of\\nall those elements of the sturdy pioneer which we so often\\nadmire in writing up Western history. Here was the field for\\nstout and brave men; here was the place for the birth and educa-\\ntion of real Spartan men, men of strength, moral courage and\\nindomitable perseverance.\\nAt first, Gen. Cass had also the care of a small portion of Canada\\nopposite Detroit, and he had only 27 soldiers for defending Detroit\\nagainst the hostile Indians and carrying on the whole government.\\nBelieving that a civil governor should not be encumbered also with\\nmilitary duty, he resigned his brigadier-generalship in the army.\\nBut as Governor he soon had occasion to exercise his military\\npower, even to act on the field as commander, in chasing away\\nmarauding bands of Indians. The latter seemed to be particularly\\nthreatening at this time, endeavoring to make up in yelling and\\npetty depredations what they lacked in sweeping victory over all\\n*he pale-faces.\\nIn times of peace Gov. Cass had high notions of civilizing the\\nIndians, encouraging the purchase of their lands, limiting their\\nhunting grounds to a narrow compass, teaching them agriculture\\nand mechanics and providing the means for their instruction and\\nreligious training. The policy of the French and English had been\\n5", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "66 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nto pacify them with presents and gewgaws, merely to obtain a tem-\\nporary foothold for the purpose of carrying on the fur trade. Those\\nbenefited by the trade lived thousands of miles away and had no\\ninterest in the permanent development of the country. The United\\nStates Government, on the other hand, indorsed Gov. Cass policy,\\nwhich was to result in the development of the wealth of the country\\nand the establishment of all the arts of peace Gens. Cass and\\nHarrison were accordingly empowered to treat with the Indians\\non the Miami and Wabash; and July 20 a treaty was signed with\\nthe Wyandots, Senecas, Shawnees, Miatnis and Delawares, which\\nrestored comparative tranquillity. During the summer, however,\\nthere was Indian war enough to call out all of Gov. Cass men, in\\naid of Gen. Brown on the Niagara. Indians can never remain long\\nat peace, whatever may be the obligations they assume in treaty-\\nmaking. Gov. Cass often headed his forces in person and drove the\\nhostile tribes from place to place until they finally retreated to\\nSaginaw.\\nAn attempt was made to recover Mackinaw from the English in\\nJuly of this year (181.4), but the British works were too strong; how-\\never, the establishments at St. Joseph and at Sault Ste. Marie were\\ndestroyed. In the following winter the final treaty of peace was\\nratified between England and the United States. The population\\nof the territory at this time was not over 5,000 or 6,000, scattered\\nover a vast extent, and in a state of great destitution on account of\\nthe calamities of war. Scarcely a family, on resuming the duties\\nof home, found more than the remnants of former wealth and com-\\nfort. Families had been broken up and dispersed; parents had\\nbeen torn from their children, and children from each other; some\\nhad been slain on the battle-field, and others had been massacred\\nby the ruthless savages. Laws had become a dead letter, and\\nmorals had suffered in the general wreck. Agriculture had been\\nalmost abandoned and commerce paralyzed; food and all necessa-\\nries of life were scarce, and luxuries unknown. Money was difficult\\nto get, and the bank paper of Ohio, which was almost the sole cir-\\nculating medium, was 25 per cent below par.\\nSuch was the gloomy state of domestic affairs when Gen. Cass\\nassumed the office of governor. Besides, he had the delicate task\\nof aiding in legislation and of being at the same time the sole exec-\\nutive of the law. In 1817 he made an important treaty with the\\nIndians, by which their title was extinguished to nearly all the land\\nin Ohio, and a great portion in Indiana and Michigan. This treaty\\nattached the isolated population of Michigan to the State of Ohio,\\nmade theTerritorial government in a fuller sense an integral mem-\\nber of the federal Union, and removed all apprehension of a hostile\\nconfederacy among the Indian tribes along the lake and river\\nfrontier.\\nHitherto there had not been a road in Michigan, except the mili-\\ntary road along the Detroit river; but as the Indian settlements and\\nlands could not now be interposed as a barrier, Gen. Cass called the", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "68 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nattention of Congress to the necessity of a military road from\\nDetroit to Sandusky, through a trackless morass called the black\\nswamp.\\nIn the summer of this year, the first newspaper published in\\nMichigan was started at Detroit. It was called the Detroit Gazette,\\nand was published by Messrs. Sheldon Reed, two enterprising\\nyoung men, the former of whom published an interesting and val-\\nuable early history of Michigan.\\nThe Western Sun was the first newspaper published in the\\nIndiana Territory, now comprising the four great States of Indiana,\\nIllinois, Michigan and Wisconsin, and the second in all that country\\nonce known as the Northwestern Territory. It was commenced\\nat Vincennes in 1803, by Elihu Stout, of Kentucky, and first called\\nthe Indiana Gazette, and July 4, 1804, was changed to the West-\\nern Sun. Mr. Stout continued the paper until 1845, amid many\\ndiscouragements, when he was appointed postmaster at the place,\\nand he sold out the office.\\nMay 6, 1812, Congress passed an act requiring that 2,000,000\\nacres of land should be surveyed in the Territory of Louisiana, the\\nsame amount in the Territory of Illinois, and the same amount in\\nthe Territory of Michigan, in all 6,000,000 acres, to be set apart for\\nthe soldiers in the war with Great Britain. Each soldier was to\\nhave 160 acres of land, tit for cultivation. The surveyors under this\\nlaw reported that there were no lands in Michigan fit for cultiva-\\ntion! This unconscionable report deterred immigration for many\\nyears, and the Government took the whole 6,000,000 acres from\\nIllinois and Missouri. The language of that report is so remark-\\nable that we must quote it:\\nThe country on the Indian boundary line, from the mouth of\\nthe Great Auglaize river and running thence for about 50 miles, is\\n(with some few exceptions) low, wet land, with a very thick growth\\nof underbrush, intermixed with very bad marshes, but generally\\nvery heavily timbered with beech, cotton wood, oak, etc.; thence\\ncontinuing north and extending from the Indian boundary east-\\nward, the number and extent of the swamps increase, with the\\naddition of numbers of lakes, from 20 chains to two and three miles\\nacross. Many of the lakes have extensive marshes adjoining their\\nmargins, sometimes thickly covered with a species of pine called\\ntamarack, and other places covered with a coarse, high grass,\\nand uniformly covered from six inches to three feet (and more at\\ntimes) with water. The margins of these lakes are not the only\\nplaces where swamps are found, for they are interspersed through-\\nout the whole country and tilled with water, as above stated, and\\nvarying in extent. The intermediate space between these swamp*\\nand lakes, which is probably near one-half of the country, is, with a\\nvery few exceptions, a poor, barren, sandy land on which scarcely\\nany vegetation grows except very small, scrubby oaks. In many\\nplaces that part which may be called dry land is composed of little,\\nshort sand-hills, forming a kind of deep basins, the bottoms of many", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 69\\nof which are composed of a marsh similar to the above described.\\nThe streams are generally narrow, and very deep compared with\\ntheir width, the shores and bottoms of which are, with a very few\\nexceptions, swampy beyond description; and it is with the utmost\\ndifficulty that a place can be found over which horses can be con-\\nveyed with safety.\\nA circumstance peculiar to that country is exhibited in many\\nof the marshes by their being thinly covered with a sward of grass,\\nby walking on which evinced the existence of water or a very thin\\nmud immediately under their covering, which sinks from six to\\neighteen inches from the pressure of the foot at every step, and at\\nthe same time rising before and behind the person passing over.\\nThe margins of many of the lakes and streams are in a similar\\nsituation, and in many places are literally afloat. On approaching\\nthe eastern part of the military lands, toward the private claims on\\nthe straights and lake, the country does not contain so many swamps\\nand lakes, but the extreme sterility and barrenness of the soil con-\\ntinues the same. Taking the country altogether, so far as has been\\nexplored, and to all appearances, together with the information\\nreceived concerning the balance, it is so bad there would not be\\nmore than one acre out of a hundred, if there would be one out\\nof a thousand, that would in any case admit of cultivation.\\nIt is probable that those Government surveyors made a lazy job\\nof their duty and depended almost entirely upon the fur traders,\\nwho were interested in keeping settlers out of the country. But we\\nmust make allowance, too, for the universal ignorance existing at\\nthat time of the methods of developing the Western country which\\nmodern invention has brought to bear since the days of our fore-\\nfathers. We must remember that our Western prairies were counted\\nworth nothing, even by all the early settlers.\\nBy the year 1818 some immigrants crowded in and further\\nexplored and tested the land; and in March, this year, Gov. Cass\\ncalled for the views of the inhabitants upon the question of chang-\\ning the civil authority by entering upon the second grade of Terri-\\ntorial government. A vote was taken and a majority were found\\nto be against it; but for the purpose of facilitating immigration and\\nsettlement, Gov. Cass recommended to the Secretary of the Treasury\\nthat the lands in the district of Detroit be at once brought into\\nmarket. The department immediately complied, and the lands\\nwere offered for sale the following autumn. Immigration was now\\nincreased more than ever before, and the permanent growth of the\\ncountry became fully established.\\nIn 1819 the people were allowed to elect a delegate to Congress.\\nThe population was now 8,806 in the whole Territory, distributed as\\nfollows: Detroit, 1,450, not including the garrison; the Island of\\nMackinaw, still the entrepot of the fur trade, a stationary popu-\\nlation of about 450, sometimes increased to 2,000 or over; Sault\\nSte. Marie, 15 or 20 houses, occupied by French and English\\nfamilies.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "70 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nThe year 1819 was also rendered memorable by the appearance\\nof the tirst steamboat on the lakes, the Walk-in-the-water, which\\ncame np Lake Erie and went on to Mackinaw.\\nUp to this time no executive measures had been taken by the\\npeople to avail themselves of the school lands appropriated by the\\nordinance of 1787, except the curious act passed by the Governor\\nand judges establishing the Catholepistemiad, or University of\\nMichigan, with 13 didaxia, or professorships. The scheme for\\nthis institution was a grand one, described by quaint, sesquipe-\\ndalian technicalities coined from the Greek language, and the whole\\ndevised by that unique man, Judge Woodward. The act is given\\nin full in theTerritorial laws of Michigan, compiled and printed a\\nfew years ago. It was Judge Woodward, also, who laid out the\\nplan of Detroit, in the form of a cobweb, with a campus Martius\\nand a grand circus, and avenues radiating in every direction, grand\\npublic parks and squares, etc. Centuries would be required to ful-\\nfill his vast design. Like authors and artists of ancient Greece and\\nRome, he laid the foundations of grand work for posterity more\\nthan for the passing generation.\\nSettlements now began to form at the points where now are the\\ncities of Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, Jackson, Tecumseh and Pontiac.\\nThere were still some annoyances by the Indians. The Sacs and\\nFoxes annually made their appearance to receive presents from the\\nBritish agents at Maiden, and as they passed along they would\\ncommit many depredations. This practice of the British Govern-\\nment had a tendency to prejudice the Indians against the Ameri-\\ncans, and it thus became necessary to take some measures for\\nremoving the Indians beyond British influence or otherwise putting\\na stop to this dangerous custom. Accordingly, in the fall of 1819,\\nGov. Cass desired the Government at Washington to cause a more\\nthorough exploration to be made of the lake region, estimating the\\nnumber and influence of the Indians, their relations, prejudices,\\netc., with a view to the further extinguishment of Indian title to\\nland, etc.; but the Government deemed it advisable at this time\\nonly to take 10 miles square at Sanlt Ste. Marie for military pur-\\nposes, and some islands near Mackinaw, where beds of plaster had\\nbeen found to exist. However, the general Government soon\\nordered an expedition to be fitted out for such an exploration as\\nGov. Cass desired, to travel with birch canoes. The men composing\\nthe expedition were Gen. Cass and Robert A. Forsyth, his private\\nsecretary; Capt. D. B. Douglass, topographer and astronomer; Dr.\\nAlex. Wolcot, physician; James D. Doty, official secretary; and\\nCharles C. Trowbridge, assistant topographer. Lieut. Evans Mac-\\nkey was commander of the escort, which consisted of 10 U. S.\\nsoldiers. Besides these there were 10 Canadian voyageurs, to\\nmanage the canoes, and 10 Indians to act as hunters. The latter\\nwere under the direction of James Riley and Joseph Parks, who\\nwere also to act as interpreters.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 71\\nThis party left Detroit March 24, 1820, and reached Michili-\\nrnackinac, June 6. On leaving this place June 14, 22 soldiers,\\nunder the command of Lieut. John S. Pierce, were added to the party,\\nand the expedition now numbered 64 persons. They reached the\\nSault Ste. Marie the 16th, where Gen. Cass called the Indians (Chip-\\npewas) together, in order to have a definite understanding with\\nthem concerning the boundary lines of the land grants, and thereby\\nrenew also their sanction of former treaties. At first the Indians\\nprotested against the Americans having any garrison at the place,\\nand some of them grew violent and almost precipitated a general\\nfight, which would have been disastrous to Gen. Cass party, as the\\nIndians were far more numerous; but Cass exhibited a great degree\\nof coolness and courage, and caused more deliberate counsels to\\nprevail among the savages. Thus the threatened storm blew over.\\nThe next day the expedition resumed their journey, on Lake\\nSuperior, passing the pictured rocks, and landing at one place\\nwhere there was a band of friendly Chippewas. June 25 they left\\nLake Superior, ascended Portage river and returned home by way\\nof Lake Michigan, after having traveled over 4,000 miles.\\nThe results of the expedition were: a more thorough knowledge\\nof a vast region and of the numbers and disposition of the various\\ntribes of Indians; several important Indian treaties, by which val-\\nuable lands were ceded to the United States; a knowledge of the\\noperations of the Northwest Fur Company; and the selection of\\nsites for a line of military posts.\\nAs the greatest want of the people seemed to be roads, Congress\\nwas appealed to for assistance, and not in vain; for that body\\nimmediately provided for the opening of roads between Detroit\\nand the Miami river, from Detroit to Chicago, and from Detroit to\\nFort Gratiot, and for the improvement of La Plaisance Bay.\\nGovernment surveys were carried into the Territory. Two straight\\nlines were drawn through the center of the Territory, east and\\nwest, and north and south, the latter being denominated the\\nprincipal meridian and the former the base line. The Territory was\\nalso divided into townships of six miles square.\\nIn 1821 there was still a tract of land lying south of Grand\\nriver which had not yet been added to the United States, and Gov.\\nCass deemed it necessary to negotiate with the Indians for it. To\\naccomplish this work he had to visit Chicago; and as a matter of\\ncuriosity we will inform the reader of his most feasible route to\\nthat place, which he can contrast with that of the present day.\\nLeaving Detroit, he descended to the mouth of the Maumee river;\\nhe ascended that river and crossed the intervening country to the\\nWabash; descended that stream to the Ohio; down the latter to\\nthe Mississippi, and up this and the Illinois rivers to Chicago!\\nAt this council the American commissioners were Gen. Cass\\nand Judge Sibley, of Detroit. They were successful in their\\nundertaking, and obtained a cession of the land in question. On\\nthis occasion the Indians exhibited in a remarkable manner their", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "72 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nappetite for whisky. As a preliminary step to the negotiations,\\nthe commissioners ordered that no spirits should be given to the\\nIndians. The chief of the latter was a man about a hundred years\\nold, but still of a good constitution. The commissioners urged\\nevery consideration to convince him and the other Indians of the\\npropriety of the course they had adopted, but in vain. Father,\\nsaid the old chieftain, we do not care for the land, nor the money,\\nnor the goods: what we want is whisky; give us whisky. But\\nthe commissioners were inexorable, and the Indians were forced to\\ncontent themselves.\\nThis year (1821) also two Indians were hung for murder. There\\nwas some fear that the event would be made by the British an\\noccasion of arousing Indian atrocities in the vicinity, and the peti-\\ntion for the pardon of the wretches was considered by Gov. Cass\\nwith a great deal of embarrassment. He finally concluded to let\\nthe law take its course, and accordingly, Dec. 25, the murderers\\nwere hung.\\nIn 1822 six new counties were created, namely, Lapeer, Sanilac,\\nSaginaw, Shiawassee, Washtenaw and Lenawee; and they contained\\nmuch more territory then they do at the present day. This year\\nthe first stage line was established in the Territory, connecting the\\ncounty seat of Macomb county with the steamer Walk-in-the-\\nWater at Detroit.\\nIn 1823 Congress changed the form of Territorial government,\\nabrogating the legislative power of the governor and judges and\\nestablishing a Legislative Council, to consist of nine members,\\nappointed by the President of the United States out of 18 candi-\\ndates elected by the people. By the same act the term of judicial\\noffice was limited to four years, and eligibility to office was made to\\nrequire the same qualifications as the right to suffrage. The peo-\\nple now took new interest in their government, and felt encouraged\\nto lay deeper the foundations of future prosperity. The first\\nlegislative council under the new regime met at Detroit June 7,\\n1824, when Gov. Cass delivered his message, reviewing the progress\\nof the Territory, calling attention to the needs of popular education\\nand recommending a policy of governmental administration. Dur-\\ning this year he also called the attention of the general Government\\nto the mineral resources of the Superior region, and asked for gov-\\nernmental explorations therein. At its second session after this,\\nCongress authorized a commission to treat with the Indians of the\\nupper peninsula for permission to explore that country.\\nIn 1825 the Erie canal was completed from the Hudson river to\\nBuffalo, N. Y., and the effect was to increase materially the flow of\\npeople and wealth into the young Territory of Michigan. The citi-\\nzens of the East began to learn the truth concerning the agricult-\\nural value of this peninsula, and those in search of good and\\npermanent homes came to see for themselves, and afterward came\\nwith their friends or families to remain as industrious residents, to\\ndevelop a powerful State. The number in the Territorial council", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "74 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nwas increased to 13, to be chosen by the President from 26 persons\\nelected by the people. In 1827 an act was passed authorizing the\\nelectors to choose their electors directly, without the further sanc-\\ntion of either the President or Congress. The power of enacting\\nlaws was given to the council, subject, however, to the approval of\\nCongress and the veto of the Governor. This form of Territorial\\ngovernment remained in force, until Michigan was organized as a\\nState in 1837. William Woodbridge was Secretary of the Territory\\nduring the administration of Gov. Cass, and deserves great credit\\nfor the ability with which he performed the duties of his office. In\\nthe absence of the chief executive he was acting governor, and a\\nportion of the time he represented the Territory as a delegate to\\nCongress. In 1828 be was succeeded by James Witherell, and in\\ntwo years by Gen. John T. Mason.\\nIn 1831 Gen. Cass was appointed Secretary of War in the cabi-\\nnet of President Jackson, after having served Michigan as its chief\\nexecutive for 18 years. He had been appointed six times, running\\nthrough the presidency of Madison, Monroe and John Q. Adams,\\nwithout any opposing candidate or a single vote against him in the\\nsenate. He faithfully discharged his duties as Indian commissioner\\nand concluded 19 treaties with the Indians, acquiring large cessions\\nof territory in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin and Michigan.\\nHe was a practical patriot of whom the people of the peninsular\\nState justly feel proud. Probably more than any other man, Gen.\\nCass was the father of Michigan.\\nGEN. GEO. B. PORTER S ADMINISTRATION.\\nOn the promotion of Gen. Cass to a seat in the cabinet of Presi-\\ndent Jackson and his consequent resignation as Governor of Michi-\\ngan, Gen. Geo. B. Porter was appointed Governor in July, 1831,\\nand Sept. 22 following he entered upon the duties of the office.\\nThe population of the Territory at this time was about 35,000, pros-\\nperity was reigning all around and peace everywhere prevailed,\\nexcept that in 1832 the Black Hawk war took place in Illinois, but\\ndid not affect this peninsula. In this war, however, Gov. Porter\\nco-operated with other States in furnishing militia.\\nWhile Gov. Porter was the chief executive, Wisconsin was de-\\ntached from Michigan and erected into a separate Territory; many\\nnew townships were organized and wagon roads opened and im-\\nproved; land began to rise rapidly in value, and speculators\\nmultiplied. The council provided for the establishment and regu-\\nlation of common schools,incorporated The Lake Michigan Steam-\\nboat Company, with a capital of $40,000; and incorporated the\\nfirst railroad company in Michigan, the Detroit St. Joseph\\nRailroad Company, since called the Michigan Central. The\\noriginal corporators were, John Biddle, John R. Williams, Charles\\nLarned, E. P. Hastings, Oliver Newberry, De Garmo James, James\\nAbbott, John Gilbert, Abel Millington, Job Gorton, John Allen,", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 75\\nAnson Brown, Samuel TV. Dexter. TV. E. Perrine, TVm. A. Thomp-\\nson, Isaac Crary. O. TV. Golden, Caleb Eldred, Cyrus Lovell, Calvin\\nBrittain and Talman Wheeler. The act of incorporation required\\nthat the road should be completed within 30 years; this condition\\nwas complied with in less than one-third of that time. The same\\ncouncil also incorporated the Bank of the Itiver Raisin, with a\\nbranch at Pontiac. Previous to this two other banks had been\\nchartered, namely: the Bank of Michigan, in 1817, with a branch\\nat Bronson, and the Farmers and Mechanics Bank of Michigan,\\nwith a branch at St. Joseph.\\nThe Legislative Council of 1834 also authorized a vote of the\\nresidents to be taken on the question of organizing as a State and\\nbecoming a member of the Union; but the vote was so light and\\nthe majority so small that Congress neglected to consider the matter\\nseriously until two years afterward.\\nDuring Porter s administration a change was made in the\\nmethod of disposing of the public lands, greatly to the benefit of\\nthe actual settlers. Prior to 1820 the Government price of land\\nwas $2 an acre, one-fourth to be paid down and the remainder in\\nthree annual installments; and the land was subject to forfeiture if\\nthese payments were not promptly made. This system having\\nbeen found productive of many serious evils, the price of land was\\nput at $1.25 an acre, all to be paid at the time of purchase. This\\nchange saved a deal of trouble.\\nDuring the administration of Gov. Porter occurred the Black\\nHawk war, mainly in Illinois, in 1832, which did not affect\\nMichigan to any appreciable extent, except to raise sundry fears by\\nthe usual alarms accompanying war gossip. A few volunteers\\nprobably went to the scene of action from this Territory, but if any\\nsystematic account was ever kept of this service, we fail to find it.\\nIn October, 1831, Edwin Jerome left Detroit with a surveying\\nparty composed of John Mullet, surveyor, and Utter, Brink and\\nPeck, for that portion of Michigan Territory lying west of Lake\\nMichigan, now Wisconsin. Their outfit consisted of a French\\npony team and a buffalo wagon to carry tent, camp equipage,\\nblankets, etc. Most of the way to the southeast corner of Lake\\nMichigan they followed a wagon track or an Indian trail, and a\\ncabin or an Indian hut to lodge in at night; but west of the point\\nmentioned they found neither road nor inhabitant. They arrived\\nat Chicago in a terrible rain and put-up at the fort. This far-\\nfamed city at that time had but five or six houses, and they were\\nbuilt of logs. Within a distance of three or four miles of the fort\\nthe land was valued by its owners at 50 cents an acre.\\nAfter 23 days weary travel through an uninhabited country,\\nfording and swimming streams and exposed to much rainy weather,\\nthey arrived at Galena, where they commenced their survey, but in\\ntwo days the ground froze so deep that further work was abandoned\\nuntil the next spring. The day after the memorable Stillman bat-\\ntle with Black Hawk, while the Mullet party were crossing the", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "76 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nBlue mounds, they met an Indian half-chief, who had just arrived\\nfrom the Menominee camps with the details of the battle. He\\nstated the slain to be three Indians and 11 whites. The long shak-\\ning of hands and the extreme cordiality of this Indian alarmed\\nMullet for the safety of his party, but he locked the secret in his\\nown heart until the next day. They had just completed a town\\ncorner when Mullet, raising himself to his full height, said, Boys,\\nI m going in; I ll not risk my scalp for a few paltry shillings. This\\nlaconic speech was an electric shock to the whole company. Mr.\\nJerome, in describing his own sensati6ns, said that the hair of his\\nhead then became as porcupine quills, raising his hat in the air and\\nhimself from the ground; and the top of his head became as sore\\nas a boil.\\nJuly 6, 1834, Gov. Porter died, and the administration devolved\\nupon the secretary of the Territory, Stevens T. Mason, during\\nwhose time occurred\\nTHE TOLEDO WAR.\\nThis difficulty was inaugurated by a conflict of the acts of Con-\\ngress from time to time, made either carelessly or in ignorance of\\nthe geography of the West and of the language of former public acts.\\nMichigan claimed as her southern boundary a line running from\\nthe extreme southern point of Lake Michigan directly east to Lake\\nErie, which would include Toledo, an important point, as it was\\nthe principal terminus of the proposed Wabash Erie canal. This\\nclaim was made by virtue of clauses in the ordinance of 1787. Ohio,\\non the other hand, claimed that the ordinance had been superseded\\nby the Constitution of the United States, and that Congress had\\nthe right to regulate the boundary; also, that the constitution of\\nthat State, which had been accepted by Congress, described a line\\ndifferent from that claimed by Michigan. Mr. Woodbridge, the\\ndelegate from Michigan, ably opposed in Congress the claim of\\nOhio, and the committee on public lands decided unanimously in\\nfavor of this State; but in the hurry of business no action was\\ntaken by Congress and the question remained open.\\nThe claim of Michigan was based principally upon the follow-\\ning points: The ordinance of 1787 declares the acts therein con-\\ntained articles of compact between the original States and the\\npeople and States in said Territory (northwest of the river Ohio),\\nand forever to remain unalterable, unless by common consent.\\nThis ordinance defines the Territory to include all that region lying\\nnorth and northwest of the Ohio and east of the Mississippi rivers.\\nIn the fifth article it is provided that there shall be formed not less\\nthan three nor more than five States within its limits. The bound-\\naries of the three States are defined so as to include the whole Ter-\\nritory; conditioned, however, that if it should be found expedient\\nby Congress to form the one or two more States mentioned, Con-\\ngress is authorized to alter boundaries of the three States so as", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 77\\nto form one or two States in that part of the said Territory which\\nlies north of the east and west line drawn through the southerly\\nbend or extreme of Lake Michigan.\\nIn 1802 Congress enabled the people of Ohio to form a constitu-\\ntion, and in that act the boundary of that State is declared to be\\non the north by an east and west line drawn through the southerly\\nextreme of Lake Michigan, running east, after intersecting the due\\nnorth line aforesaid from the mouth of the Great Miami, until it\\nshall intersect Lake Erie, or theTerritorial line, and thence with\\nthe same through Lake Erie to the Pennsylvania line. The con-\\nstitution of Ohio adopted the same line, with this condition:\\nProvided always, and it is hereby fully understood and declared\\nby this convention, that if the southerly bend or extreme of Lake\\nMichigan should extend so far south that a line drawn due east\\nfrom it should not intersect Lake Erie; or, if it should intersect\\nLake Erie east of the mouth of the Miami river, then in that case,\\nwith the assent of Congress, the northern boundary of this State\\nshall be established by and extend to a direct line running from the\\nsouthern extremity of Lake Michigan to the most northerly cape\\nof the Miami bay, after intersecting the due north line from the\\nmouth of the Great Miami, as aforesaid, thence northeast of the\\nTerritorial line, and by said Territorial line to the Pennsylvania\\nline.\\nCongress did not act upon this proviso until 1805, and during\\nthis interval it seems that Ohio herself did not regard it as a part\\nof her accepted constitution.\\nAgain, this section of the act of 1802 provides that all that\\npart of the Territory lying north of this east and west line shall\\nbe attached to and make a part of the Indiana Territory. Still\\nagain, the act of 1805, entitled an act to divide the Indiana Ter-\\nritory into separate governments, erects Michigan to a separate\\nTerritory, and defines the southern boundary to be a line drawn\\neast from the southerly bend or extreme of Lake Michigan until it\\nintersects Lake Erie.\\nThe strip of territory in dispute is about five miles wide at the\\nwest end and eight miles at the east end. The line claimed by Mich-\\nigan was known as the Fulton line, and that claimed by Ohio\\nwas known as the Harris line, from the names of the surveyors.\\nThis territory was valuable for its rich farming land, but its chief\\nvalue was deemed to consist at that time in its harbor on theMau-\\nmee river, where now stands the city of Toledo, and which was the\\neastern terminus of the proposed Wabash Erie canal. This\\nplace was originally called Swan creek, afterward Port Lawrence,\\nthen Vistula and finally Toledo. The early settlers generally\\nacknowledged their allegiance to Michigan; but when the canal\\nbecame a possibility, and its termination at Toledo being dependent\\nupon the contingency whether or not it was in Ohio, many of the\\ninhabitants became desirous of being included within the latter\\nState. Then disputes grew more violent and the Legislatures of the", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "78 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nrespective commonwealths led off in the fight. In February, 1835,\\nthe Legislature of Ohio passed an act extending the jurisdiction of the\\nState over the territory in question, directed local elections to be\\nheld and a re-survey to be made of the Harris line. Per contra,\\nGov. Mason urged the Legislative Council of Michigan to take active\\nmeasures to counteract the proceedings of the Ohio Legislature; and\\naccordingly that body passed an act making it a criminal offense\\nfor any one to attempt to exercise any official functions within the\\njurisdiction of Michigan without authority from the Territory or the\\ngeneral Government. March 9, 1835, Gov. Mason ordered Gen.\\nBrown to hold the Michigan militia in readiness to meet the enemy\\nin the field in case an attempt was made by the agents of Ohio to\\ncarry out the provisions of the Legislature of that State. On the\\n31st Gov. Lucas, of Ohio, arrived at Perrysburg with his commis-\\nsioners, on his way to re-survey the Harris line. He was accom-\\npanied by a militia of about 600 men. In tli3 meantime Gov. Mason\\nmustered about 1,200 men, with Gen. Brown commanding, and\\nwas in possession of Toledo. In a few days two commissioners\\narrived from Washington on a mission of peace, and remonstrated\\nwith Gov. Lucas. After several conferences with the two Gover-\\nnors they submitted propositions of a temporary nature, virtually\\ngiving the disputed territory to Ohio until the following session of\\nCongress, to which Gov. Lucas assented, but Gov. M son did not.\\nPresident Jackson asked the opinion of the attorney general, Mr.\\nButler, who replied in favor of Michigan; notwithstanding, Gov.\\nLucas proceeded to order his men to commence the survey, but as\\nthey were passing through Lenawee county the under-sheriff there\\narrested a portion of the party, while the rest ran away like Indi-\\nans, and spread an exaggerated report of actual war. This feeing\\ncorrected bj T an amusing official report of the under-sheriff, Gov.\\nLucas called an extra session of the Ohio Legislature, which passed\\nan act to prevent the forcible abduction of the citizens of Ohio!\\nIt also adopted measures to organize the county of Lucas, with\\nToledo as the county-seat, and to carry into effect the laws of the\\nState over the disputed territory.\\nIn the meantime the Michigan people in and about Toledo busied\\nthemselves in arresting Ohio emissaries who undertook to force the\\nlaws of their State upon Michigan Territory, while Ohio partisans\\nfeebly attempted to retaliate. An amusing instance is related of\\nthe arrest of one Major Stickney. He and his whole family fought\\nvaliantly, but were at length overcome by numbers. The Major\\nhad to be tied on a horse before he would ride with the Michigan\\nposse to jail. An attempt was then made to arrest a son of the\\nMajor called Two Stickney, when a serious struggle followed and\\nthe officer was stabbed with a knife. The blood flowed pretty freely,\\nbut the wound did not prove dangerous. This was probably the\\nonly blood shed during the war. The officer let go his hold and\\nStickney fled to Ohio. He was indicted by the grand jury of Mon-\\nroe county, and a requisition was made on the Governor of Ohio", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 79\\nfor his rendition, but the Governor refused to give him up. An\\naccount of this affair reaching the ears of the President, he recom-\\nmended that Gov. Mason interpose no obstacle to the re-survey of\\nthe Harris line; but the Governor refusing to abide by the recom-\\nmendation, the President superseded him by the appointment of\\nCharles Shaler, of Pennsylvania, as his successor. He also advised\\nGov. Lucas to refrain from exercising any jurisdiction over the dis-\\nputed territory until Congress should convene and act upon the\\nmatter. This was humiliating to that Governor, and he resolved\\nto assert the dignity of his State in Toledo in some manner. He\\nhit upon the plan of ordering a session of court to be held there,\\nwith a regiment of militia for the protection of the judges. Accord-\\ningly the judges met on Sunday afternoon, Sept. 6, at Maumee, a\\nfew miles from Toledo. Some time during the evening a scout\\nsent out by the colonel returned from Toledo and reported that\\n1,200 men, under command of Gen. Brown, were in Toledo ready\\nto demolish court, soldiers and all; but this report turned out to be\\nfalse. During the scare, however, the judges hesitated to proceed\\nto Toledo, and the colonel of the regiment upbraided them for their\\ncowardice, and proposed to escort them with his militia during the\\ndead of night to a certain school-house in Toledo, where they might\\ngo through the form of holding court a few minutes in safety.\\nAbout three o clock Monday morning they arrived at the desig-\\nnated place and held court about two minutes and then fled for\\ndear life back to Maumee! Thus was the honor and dignity of\\nthe great State of Ohio vindicated over all her enemies\\nADMINISTRATION OF GOV. HORNER.\\nIt appears that Mr. Shaler did not accept the governorship of\\nMichigan, and John S. Horner, of Virginia, was soon afterward\\nappointed secretary and Acting Governor. He proved to be rather\\nunpopular with the people of Michigan, and the following May he\\nwas appointed secretary of Wisconsin Territory. He carried on a\\nlengthy correspondence with Gov. Lucas, which resulted in a dis-\\ncontinuance of all the suits that had grown out of the Toledo war\\nexcept the demand for Two Stickney. Gov. Lucas persisted in refus-\\ning to deliver him up; but it seems that finally no serious trouble\\ncame of the affair.\\nThe first Monday in October, 1835, the people of Michigan\\nratified the constitution and by the same vote elected a full set of\\nState officers. Stevens T. Mason was elected Governor, Edward\\nMundy, Lieutenant-Governor, and Isaac E. Crary, Represenativein\\nCongress. The first Legislature under the constitution was held at\\nDetroit, the capital, on the first Monday in November, and John\\nNorvell and Lucius Lyon were elected U. S. Senators. A regular\\nelection was also held underthe Territorial law for delegate to Con-\\ngress, and Geo. W. Jones, ot Wisconsin, received the certificate of\\nelection, although it is said that Wm. Woodbridge received the high-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "80 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nest number of votes. John S. Horner, the Territorial Governor,\\nwas still in office here, and this singular mixture of Territorial and\\nState government continued until the following June, when Con-\\ngress formally admitted Michigan into the Union as a State and\\nHorner was sent to Wisconsin, as before noted. This act of\\nCongress conditioned that the celebrated strip of territory over\\nwhich the quarrel had been so violent and protracted, should be given\\nto Ohio, and that Michigan might have as a compensation the\\nupper peninsula. That section of country was then known only as\\na barren waste, containing some copper, no one knew how much.\\nOf course this decision by Congress was unsatisfactory to the peo-\\nple of this State. This was the third excision of territory from\\nMichigan, other clippings having been made in 1802 and 1816.\\nIn the former year more than a thousand square miles was given to\\nOhio, and in the latter year nearly 1,200 square miles was given to\\nIndiana. Accordingly, Gov. Mason convened the Legislature July\\n11, 1836, to act on the proposition of Congress. The vote stood 21\\nfor acceptance and 28 for rejection. Three delegates were appointed\\nto repair to Washington, to co-operate with the representatives\\nthere for the general interest of the State: but before Congress was\\nbrought to final action on the matter, other conventions were held\\nin the State to hasten a decision. An informal one held at Ann\\nArbor Dec. 14 unanimously decided to accept the proposition of\\nCongress and let the disputed strip of territory go to Ohio, and\\nthereupon Jan. 26, 1837, Michigan was admitted into the Union\\non an equal footing with the original States.\\nMICHIGAN AS A STATE.\\nA State! This word contains avast amount of meaning. Before a\\ncommunity becomes a State, there is comparatively a dead level of\\nhomogeneity, the history of which consists simply of a record of\\nindependent or disconnected events, as Indian wars, migration, etc.;\\nbut when a people so far advance in civilization that they must\\norganize, like the plant and animal kingdoms, they must assume\\norgans, having functions; and the more civilized and dense the\\npopulation, the more numerous and complicated these organs must\\nbecome, to use the language of modern biology, the more the\\norganism must differentiate.\\nCorrespondingly, the history of Michigan, up to its organization\\nas a State, like that of all our Territories, is almost a disconnected\\nseries of events; but on assuming the character of a State, its organs\\nand functions multiply, becoming all the while more and more\\ndependent upon one another. To follow up the history of the\\nState, therefore, with the same proportional fullness as we do its\\nTerritorial epoch, would swell the work to scores or hundreds of\\nvolumes; for the compiler would be obliged to devote at first a\\nvolume to one feature, say the educational, and then soon divide\\nhis subject into the various departments of the educational work of", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "82 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nthe State, devoting a volume to each, and then subdivide, taking\\neach local institution by itself, and subdivide still farther, and so on\\nad infinitum, devoting a volume to each movement in the career\\nof every institution.\\nAs it is therefore impracticable to preserve the proportion of\\nhistory to the end, the writer is obliged to generalize more and\\nmore as he approaches the termination of any selected epoch in the\\nprogress of a growing organism. Accordingly, from this point\\nonward in the history of Michigan, we will treat the subject mat-\\nter mainly by topics, commencing with an outline of the several\\ngubernatorial administrations.\\nTHE ADMINISTRATIONS.\\nStevens T. Mason was the first Governor of this State, having\\nbeen elected (Governor of the State prospectively) in 1835, as before\\nnoted, and he held the office until January, 1840. This State, at\\nthe time of its admission into the Union, had a population of about\\n200,000; its area was about 40,000 square miles, which was di-\\nvided into 36 counties.\\nNearly the first act passed by the Legislature was one for the\\norganization and support of common schools. Congress had already\\nset apart one section of land in every township for this purpose,\\nand the new State properly appreciated the boon. In March of\\nthe same year (1837) another act was passed establishing the\\nUniversity of Michigan, of which institution we speak more fully on\\nsubsequent pages. This Legislature also appropriated $20,000 for\\na geological survey, and appointed Dr. Douglass Houghton State\\ngeologist. For the encouragement of internal improvements, a\\nboard of seven commissioners was appointed, of which the Gov-\\nernor was made president. This board authorized several surveys\\nfor railroads. Three routes were surveyed through the State, which\\neventually became, respectively, the Michigan Central, the Mich-\\nigan Southern, and the Detroit Milwaukee. The latter road,\\nhowever, was originally intended to have Port Huron for its east-\\nern terminus. The next year appropriations were made for the\\nsurvey of the St. Joseph, Kalamazoo and Grand rivers, for the\\npurpose of improving the navigation.\\nIn 1839 the tnilitiaof the State was organized, and eight divisions,\\nwith two brigades of two regiments each, were provided for. This\\nyear, also, the State prison at Jackson was completed. Nearly\\n30,000 pupils attended the common schools this year, and for school\\npurposes over $18, 000 was appropriated. Agriculturally, the State\\nyielded that year 21,944 bushels of rye, 1,116,910 of oats, 6,422 of\\nbuckwheat, 43,826 pounds of flax, 524 of hemp, 89,610 head of cat-\\ntle,14,059 head of horses, 22,684 head of sheep and 109,096 of swine.\\nGov. William Woodbridge was the chief executive from January,\\n1840, to February, 1841, when he resigned to accept a seat in the", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "HISTORF OF MICHIGAN. 83\\nU. S. Senate. J. Wright Gordon was Lieut.-Governor, and became\\nActing Governor on the resignation of Gov.Woodbridge.\\nDuring the administration of these men, the railroad from Detroit\\nto Ann Arbor, a distance of 40 miles, was completed; branches of\\nthe University were established at Detroit, Pontiac, Monroe, Niles,\\nKalamazoo, Grand Rapids, Jackson, White Pigeon and Tecumseh.\\nThe material growth of the State continued to increase, propor-\\ntionally more rapidly than even the population, which now amounted\\nto about 212,000.\\nJohn S. Barry succeeded Gov. Gordon in the executive chair,\\nserving from 1841 to 1845. In 1842 the university was opened\\nfor the reception of students, and the number of pupils attending\\nthe common schools was officially reported to be nearly 58,000. In\\n1843 a land office was established at Marshall, for the whole State.\\nIn 1844 the taxable property of the State was found to be in value\\n$28,554,282, the tax being at the rate of two mills on the dollar.\\nThe expenses of the State were only $70,000, while the income\\nfrom the two railroads was nearly $300,000. In 1845 the number\\nof inhabitants in the State had increased to more than 300,000.\\nAlpheus Felch served as Governor from 1845 to 1847. During\\nhis time the two railroads belonging to the State were sold to pri-\\nvate corporations, the Central for $2,000,000, and the Southern\\nfor $500,000. The exports of the State amounted in 1846 to $4,647,-\\n608. The total capacity of vessels enrolled in the collection dis-\\ntrict at Detroit was 26,928 tons, the steam vessels having 8,400 and\\nthe sailing vessels 18,52S tons, the whole giving employment to\\n18,000 seamen. In 1S47 there were 39 counties in the State, con-\\ntaining 435 townships; and 275 of these townships were supplied\\nwith good libraries, containing in the aggregate 37,000 volumes.\\nIn the spring of 1846, on the account of northern and eastern\\nimmigration into Texas, with tastes and habits different from the\\nnative Mexicans, a war was precipitated between the United States\\nand Mexico; and for the prosecution of this war Michigan fur-\\nnished a regiment of volunteers, commanded by Thomas W. Stock-\\nton, and one independent company, incurring a total expense of\\nabout $10,500. March 3, 1847, Gov. Felch resigned to accept a\\nseat in the U. S. Senate, when the duties of his office devolved upon\\nWm. L. Greenly, under whose administration the Mexican war\\nwas closed.\\nThere are few records extant of the action of Michigan troops in\\nthe Mexican war. That many went there and fought well are\\npoints conceded; but their names and country of nativity are hid-\\nden away in U. S. archives where it is almost impossible to find\\nthem.\\nThe soldiers of this State deserve much of the credit of the\\nmemorable achievements of Co. K, 3d Dragoons, and Cos. A, E,\\nand G of the U. S. Inf. The two former of these companies, re-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "84 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\ncruited in this State, were reduced to one-third their original num-\\nber.\\nIn May, 1846, our Governor was notified by the War Department\\nof the United States to enroll a regiment of volunteers, to be held\\nin readiness for service whenever demanded. At his summons 13\\nindependent volunteer companies, 11 of infantry and two of cav-\\nalry, at once fell into line. Of the infantry four companies were\\nfrom Detroit, bearing the honored names of Montgomery, Lafay-\\nette, Scott and Brady upon their banners. Of the remainder\\nMonroe tendered two, Lenawee county three, St. Clair, Berrien and\\nHillsdale each one, and Wayne county an additional company.\\nOf these alone the veteran Bradys were accepted and ordered\\ninto service. In addition to them 10 companies, making the First\\nRegiment of Michigan Volunteers, springing from various parts of\\nthe State, but embodying to a great degree the material of which\\nthe first volunteers was formed, were not called for until October\\nfollowing. This regiment was soon in readiness and proceeded to\\nthe seat of war.\\nEpaphroditus Ransom was Governor from 1847 to November,\\n1849. During his administration the Asylum for the Insane was\\nestablished at Kalamazoo, and also the Institute for the Blind, and\\nthe Deaf and Dumb, at Flint. Both these institutions were liber-\\nally endowed with lands, and each entrusted to a board of five\\ntrustees. March 31, 1848, the first telegraph line was completed\\nfrom New York to Detaoit.\\nJohn S. Barry, elected Governor of Michigan for the third time,\\nsucceeded Gov. Ransom, and his term expired in November, 1851.\\nWhile he was serving this term a Normal school was established at\\nYpsilanti, which was endowed with lands, placed in charge of a\\nBoard of Education, consisting of six persons; a new State con-\\nstitution was adopted, and the great railroad conspiracy case\\nwas tried. This originated in a number of lawless depredations\\nupon the property of the Michigan Central Railroad Company, ter-\\nminating with the burning of their depot at Detroit in 1850. The\\nnext year 37 men were brought to trial, and 12 of them were con-\\nvicted. The prosecution was conducted by Alex. D. Eraser, of\\nDetroit, and the conspirators were defended by Win. H. Seward, of\\nNew York. Judge Warner Wing presided.\\nRobert McClelland followed Barry as Governor, serving until\\nMarch, 1853, when he resigned to accept the position of Secretary\\nof the Interior, in the cabinet of President Pierce. Lieut.-Gov.\\nAndrew Parsons consequently became Acting Governor, his term\\nexpiring in November, 1854.\\nIn the soring of 1854, during the administration of Acting Gov.\\nParsons, the Republican party, at least as a State organization,\\nwas first formed in the United States under the oaks at Jackson,\\nby anti-slavery men of both the old parties. Great excitement\\nprevailed at this time, occasioned by the settling of Kansas and\\nthe issue thereby brought up whether slavery should exist there.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 85\\nFor the purpose of permitting slavery there, the Missouri com-\\npromise (which limited slavery to the south of 36\u00c2\u00b0 30 was re-\\npealed, under the lead of Stephen A. Douglas. This was repealed\\nby a bill admitting Kansas and Nebraska into the Union as Terri-\\ntories, and those who were opposed to this repeal measure were\\nin short called anti-Nebraska men. The epithets Nebraska\\nand an ti- Nebraska were temporarily employed to designate the\\nslavery and anti-slavery parties, pending the dissolution of the old\\nDemocratic and Whig parties and the organization of the new\\nDemocratic and Republican parties. At the next State election\\nKinsley S. Bingham was elected by the Republicans Governor of\\nMichigan, and this State has ever since then been under Republi-\\ncan control, the State officers of that party being elected by major-\\nities ranging from 5,000 to 55,000. And the people of this State\\ngenerally, and the Republicans in particular, claim that this com-\\nmonwealth has been as well taken care of since 1855 as any State\\nin the union, if not better, while preceding 1855 the Democrats\\nadministered the government as well as any other State, if not\\nbetter.\\nAs a single though signal proof of the high standard of Michi-\\ngan among her sister States, we may mention that while the taxes\\nill the New England States, New York, New Jersey and Pennsyl-\\nvania average $10.09 psr capita, while in Massachusetts the average\\nis $17.10 per inhabitant, and while in the West the average is\\n$6.50, in Michigan it is only $4.57. At the same time it is gen-\\nerally believed even by the citizens of sister States, that Michigan\\nis the best governed commonwealth in the Union.\\nKinsley S. Bingham was Governor from 1854 to 1858. The\\nmost notable event during his administration was the completion of\\nthe ship canal at the falls of St. Mary, May 26, 1855. An act of\\nCongress was approved, granting to the State of Michigan 750,000\\nacres of land for the purpose of constructing this canal. The\\nsault, or rapids, of the St. Mary, have a fall of 17 feet in one\\nmile. The canal is one mile long, 100 feet wide and about 12 feet\\ndeep. It has two locks of solid masonry. The work was commenced\\nin L853 and finished in May, 1855, at a cost of $999,802. This is\\none of the most important internal improvements ever made in the\\nState.\\nMoses Wisner was the next Governor of Michigan, serving from\\n1858 to November, 1860, at which time Abraham Lincoln was\\nelected President of the United States. National themes began to\\nrow exciting, and Michigan affairs were almost lost in the warring\\nelements of strife that convulsed the nation from center to circum-\\nference with a life-and-death struggle.\\nAustin Blair was the 13th Governor of Michigan, serving during\\nthe perilous times of rebellion from 1861 to 1865, and by his patri-\\notic and faithful execution of law and prompt aid of the general\\nGovernment, earning the well deserved title of the War Gov-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "86 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nernor. The particulars of the history of this State in connection\\nwith that war we will reserve for the next section.\\nHenry H. Crapo succeeded Gov. Blair, serving one term. He\\nwas elected during the dark hours just before the close of the war,\\nwhen he found the political sky overcast with the most ominous\\ncloudsof death and debt. The bonded debt of the State was $3,-\\n54:1,149.80, with a balance in the treasury of $440,047.29. In the\\nsingle year just closed the State had expended $823,216.75, and by\\nthe close of the first year of his term this indebtedness had increased\\nmore than $400,000 more. But the wise administration of this\\nGovernor began materially to reduce the debt and at the same time\\ntill the treasury. The great war closed during the April after his\\nelection, and he faithfully carried out the line of policy inaugurated\\nby his predecessor. The other prominent events during his time\\nof office are systematically interwoven with the history of the vari-\\nous institutions of the State, and they will be found under heads in\\ntheir rtspective placts.\\nHenry P. Baldwin was Governor two terms, namely, from January,\\n1868, to the close of 1872. The period of his administration was a\\nprosperous one for the State. In 1869 the taxable valuation of real\\nand personal property in the State amounted to $400,000,000, and\\nin 1871 it excteded $630,000,000.\\nDuring Gov. Baldwin s time a step was taken to alter the State\\nconstitution so as to enable counties, townships, cities and incorpo-\\nrated villages, in their corporate capacity, to aid in the construction\\nof railroads. Bonds had been issued all over the State by these mu-\\nnicipalities in aid of railroads, under laws which had been enacted\\nby the Legislature at five different sessions, but a case coming before\\nthe Supreme Court involving the constitutionality of these laws,\\nthe Ben^h decided that the laws were unconstitutional, and thus the\\nrailroads were left to the mercy of soul-less corporations. Gov.\\nBaldwin, in this emergency, called an extra session of the Legisla-\\nture, which submitted the desired constitutional amendment to the\\npeople; but it was by them defeated in November, 1870.\\nThe ninth census having been officially published, it became the\\nduty of the States in 1872 to make a re-apportionment of districts\\nfor the purpose of representation in Congress. Since 1863 Michi-\\ngan had had six representatives, but the census of 1870 entitled it\\nto nine.\\nDuring the last two years of Gov. Baldwin s administration the\\npreliminary measures for building a new State capitol engrossed\\nmuch of his attention. His wise counsels concerning this much-\\nneeded new building were generally adopted by the Legislature,\\nwhich was convened in extra session in March, 1872.\\nAmple provision having been made for the payment of the funded\\ndebt of the State by setting apart some of tha trust-fund receipts,\\nand such portion of the specific taxes as were not required for the\\npayment of interest on the public debt, the one-eighth mill tax for\\nthe sinking fund was abolished in 1870.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 87\\nThe tall of 1871 is noted for the many destructive conflagrations\\nin the Northwest, including the great Chicago tire. Several villages\\nin this State were either wholly or partially consumed, and much\\nproperty was burned up nearly all over the country. This was due\\nto the excessive dryness of the season. In this State alone nearly\\n3,000 families, or about 18,000 persons, were rendered houseless\\nand deprived of the necessaries of life. Relief committees were\\norganized at Detroit, Grand Rapids and elsewhere, and in a short\\ntime $1462,106 in money and about $250,000 worth of clothing were\\nforwarded to the sufferers. Indeed, so generous were the people\\nthat they would have given more than was necessary had they not\\nbeen informed by the Governor in a proclamation that a sufficiency\\nhad been raised.\\nThe dedication of the soldiers and sailors monument at Detroit,\\nApril 9, 1872, was a notable event in Gov. Baldwin s time. This\\ngrand structure was designed by Randolph Rogers, formerly of Michi-\\ngan, and one of the most eminent of American sculptors now living.\\nThe money to defray the expenses of this undertaking was raised by\\nsubscription, and persons in all parts of the State were most liberal\\nin their contributions. The business was managed by an associa-\\ntion incorporated in 1868. The monument is 46 feet high, and is\\nsurmounted by a colossal statue of Michigan in bronze, 10 feet in\\nheight. She is represented as a semi-civilized Indian queen, with\\na sword in her right hand and a shield in her left. The dedicatory\\nlines in front are: Erected by the people of Michigan, in honor\\nof the martyrs who fell and the heroes who fought in defense of\\nliberty and union. On the monument are many beautiful designs.\\nAt the unveiling there was a large concourse of people from all\\nparts of the State, and the address was delivered by ex-Governor\\nBlair.\\nJohn J. Bagley succeeded to the governorship Jan. 1, 1873, and\\nserved two terms. During his administration the new capitol was\\nprincipally built, which is a larger and better structure for the\\nmoney than perhaps any other public building in the United States.\\nUnder Gov. Bagley s counsel and administration the State pros-\\npered in all its departments. The Legislature of 1873 made it the\\nduty of the Governor to appoint a commission to revise the State\\nconstitution, which duty he performed to the satisfaction of all\\nparties, and the commission made thorough work in revising the\\nfundamental laws of this commonwealth.\\nCharles M. Croswell was next the chief executive of this State,\\nexercising the functions of the office for two successive terms,\\n1877- 81. During his administration the public debt was greatly\\nreduced, a policy adopted requiring State institutions to keep\\nwithin the limit of appropriations, laws enacted to provide more\\neffectually for the punishment of corruption and bribery in elec-\\ntions, the State House of Correction at Ionia and the Eastern\\nAsylum for the Insane at Pontiac were opened, and the now capi-\\ntol at Lansing was completed and occupied. The first act of his", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "68 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nsecond term was to preside at the dedication of this building. The\\ngreat riot of 1877 centered at Jackson. During those two or\\nthree fearful days Gov. Croswell was in his office at Lansing, in\\ncorrespondence with members of the military department in differ-\\nent. parts of the State, and within 48 hours from the moment when\\nthe danger became imminent the rioters found themselves sur-\\nrounded by a military force ready with ball and cartridge for their\\nannihilation. Were it not for this promptness of the Governor\\nthere would probably have been a great destruction of property, if\\nnot also of life.\\nAt this date (February, 1881), Hon. David H. Jerome has just\\nassumed the duties of the executive chair, while all the machinery\\nof the Government is in good running order and the people gener-\\nally are prosperous.\\nWAK OF THE REBELLION.\\nAs soon as the President called for troops to suppress the Rebel-\\nlion in April, 1861, the loyal people of the Peninsular State\\npromptly responded and furnished the quota assigned. Austin\\nBlair, a man peculiarly fitted for the place during the emergency,\\nwas Governor, and John Robertson, Adjutant General. The people\\nof Michigan have ever since been proud of the record of these two\\nmen during the war, but this does not exclude the honor due all the\\nMumble soldiery who obediently exposed their lives in defense of\\nthe common country. Michigan has her full share of the buried\\ndead in obscure and forgotten places all over the South as well as\\nin decent cemeteries throughout the North. It was Michigan men\\nthat captured Jeff. Davis, namel} 7 the 4th Cavalry, under Coi. B.\\nF. Pritchard; and it was Michigan men that materially aided in the\\nsuccessful capture of Wilkes Booth, the assassin of the martyred\\nLincoln.\\nThe census of this State for 1860 showed a population of 751,-\\n110. The number of able-bodied men capable of military service\\nwas estimated in official documents of that date at 110,000. At the\\nsame time the financial embarrassment of the State was somewhat\\nserious, and the annual tax of $226,250 was deemed a grievous bur-\\nden. But such was the patriotism of the people that by Dec. 23,\\n1862, an aggregate of 45,569 had gone to battle, besides 1,400 who\\nhad gone into other States and recruited. By the end of the war\\nMichigan had sent to the front 90,747, or more than four-fifths the\\nestimated number of able-bodied men at the beginning!\\nPUBLIC-SCHOOL SYSTEM.\\nMichigan has as good a public-school system as can be found\\nanywhere in the Union. Ever since 1785 the acts of Congress, as\\nwell as the acts of this State since its organization, have encouraged\\npopular education by land grants and liberal appropriations of", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 89\\nmoney. The 16th section of each township was early placed in the\\ncustody of the State for common-school purposes, and all the pro-\\nceeds of the sale of school lands go into the perpetual fund. In\\n1842 the superintendent of public instruction reported a dis-\\ncrepancy of over $22,000 in the funds, owing to imperfect records,\\nprobably, rather than dishonesty of officials. Sept. 30, 1878, the\\nprimary-school fund amounted to $2,890,090.73, and the swamp-\\nland school fund to $361,237.20.\\nThe qualification of teachers and the supervision of schools were\\nfor many years in the hands of a board of three inspectors, then\\nthe county su peri n tendency system was adopted for many years,\\nand since 1875 the township system has been in vogue. The\\ntownship Board of School Inspectors now consists of the township\\nclerk, one elected inspector and a township superintendent of\\nschools. The latter officer licenses the teachers and visits the\\nschools.\\nIn 1877 the school children (5 to 20 years of age) numbered\\n469,504; the average number of months of school, 7.4; number of\\ngraded schools, 295; number of school-houses, 6,078, valued at\\n$9,190,175; amount of two-mill tax, $492,646.94; district taxes,\\n$2,217,961; total resources for the year, $3,792,129.59; total\\nexpenditures, $3,179,976.06.\\nSTATE UNIVERSITY.\\nBy an act of Congress in 1804, a township of land was to be\\nreserved in the territory now constituting the lower peninsula for\\nthe use of seminaries of learning; but the mostof this reservation\\nin 1841 went to a Catholic institution at Detroit. In 1824, through\\nthe exertions of Austin E. Wing, delegate to Congress, Gov. Wood-\\nbridge and others, a second township was granted, with permission\\nto select the sections in detached localities, and about this time\\nJudge Woodward devised that novel and extensive scheme for\\nthe catholepistemiad, elsewhere referred to in this volume. In\\n1837 the Legislature established the University at Ann Arbor, and\\nappropriated the 72 sections to its benefit; 916 acres of this land\\nwere located in what is now the richest part of Toledo, O., from\\nwhich the University finally realized less than $18,000!\\nBut the State in subsequent years made many liberal appropria-\\ntions to this favorite institution, until it has become the greatest seat\\nof learning west of New England, if not in all America. It is a\\npart of the public-school system of the State, as tuition is free, and\\npupils graduating at the high schools are permitted to enter the\\nfreshman class of the collegiate department. It now has an average\\nattendance of 1,200 to 1,400 students, 450 of whom, are in the college\\nproper. In 1879 there were 406 in the law department, 329 in the\\nmedical, 71 in pharmacy, 62 in dental surgery and 63 in the homeo-\\npathic department. There are over 50 professors and teachers.\\nThe University is under the control of eight regents, elected by the", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "0 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\npeople, two every second year. Rev. Henry B. Tappan, D. D.,\\nwas president from 1852 to 1863, then Erastus O. Haven, D. D.,\\nLL. D., to 1869, then Prof. H. S. Frieze (acting) until 1871, since\\nwhich time the reins have been held by Hon. James B. Angell,\\nLL. D.\\nThe value of the buildings and grounds was estimated in 1879\\nat $319,000, and the personal property at $250,000.\\nSTATE NORMAL SCHOOL.\\nJohn D. Pierce, the first superintendent of public instruction, in\\nhis first report to the Legislature, urged the importance of a normal\\nschool. In this enterprise he was followed by his successors in office\\nuntil 1819, when Ira Mayhevv was State Superintendent, and the\\nLegislature appropriated 72 sections of land for the purpose; and\\namong the points competing for the location of the school, Ypsi-\\nlanti won, and in that place the institution was permanently located.\\nThe building was completed and dedicated with appropriate cere-\\nmonies Oct. 5, 1852; next year the Legislature appropriated $7,000\\nin money, for expenses. Prof. A. S. Welch, now President of Iowa\\nAgricultural College, was elected the first principal. In October,\\n1859, the building with contents was burned, and a new building\\nwas immediately erected. In 1878 the main building was enlarged\\nat an expense of $43,347. This enlargement was 88x90 feet, and\\nhas a hall capable of seating 1,200 persons. The value of buildings\\nand other property at the present time is estimated at $111,100.\\nNumber of students, 616, including 144 in the primary depart-\\nment.\\nEach member of the Legislature is authorized by the Board of\\nEducation to appoint two students from his district who may attend\\none year free of tuition; other students pay $10 per annum. Grad-\\nuates of this school are entitled to teach in this State without re-ex-\\nanimation by any school officer.\\nAGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.\\nThe Michigan Agricultural College owes its establishment to a\\nprovision of the State constitution of 1850. Article 13 says, The\\nLegislature shall, as soon as practicable, provide for the establish-\\nment of an agricultural school. For the purpose of carrying into\\npractice this provision, legislation was commenced in 1855, and the\\nact required that the school should be within 10 miles of Lansing,\\nand that not more than $15 an acre should be paid for the farm and\\ncollege grounds. The college was opened to students in May, 1857,\\nthe first of existing agricultural colleges in the United States.\\nUntil the spring of 1861 it was under the control of the State Board\\nof Education; since that time it has been under the management\\nof the State Board of Agriculture, created for the purpose.", "height": "3556", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "THE CAPITOL, AT LANSING.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "92 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nIn its essential features of combining study and labor, and of\\nunitiug general and professional studies in its course, the college\\nhas remained virtually unchanged from the first. It has had a\\nsteady growth in number of students, in means of illustration and\\nefficiency of instruction.\\nAn act of Congress, approved July 2, 1802, donated to each State\\npublic lands to the amount of 30,000 acres for each of its Senators\\nand Reprefentatives in Congress, according to the census of 1860,\\nfor the endowment, support and maintenance of at least one college\\nwhere the leading object should be, without excluding other scien-\\ntific and classical studies, and including military tactics, to teach\\nsuch branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the\\nmechanic arts. The Legislature accepted this grant and bestowed\\nit upon the Agricultural College. By its provisions the college has\\nreceived 235,673.37 acres of land. These lands have been placed in\\nmarket, and about 74,000 acres sold, yielding a fund of $237,174,\\nthe interest of which at seven per cent, is applied to the support of\\nthe college. The sale is under the direction of the Agricultural\\nLand Grant Board, consisting of the Governor, Auditor General,\\nSecretary of State, State Treasurer, Attorney General and Commis-\\nsioner of the State Land Office.\\nThe Agricultural College is three miles east of Lansing, com-\\nprising several fine buildings; and there are also very beautiful,\\nsubstantial residences for the professors. There are also an exten-\\nsive, well-filled green-house, a very large and well-equipped chemi-\\ncal laboratory, one of the most scientific apiaries in the United\\nStates, a general museum, a museum of mechanical inventions,\\nanother of vegetable products, extensive barns, piggeries, etc., etc.,\\nin fine trim for the purposes designed. The farm consists of 676\\nacres, of which about 300 are under cultivation in a systematic\\nrotation of crops.\\nOTHER COLLEGES.\\nAt Albion is a flourishing college under the control of the\\nMethodist Episcopal Church. The grounds comprise about 15\\nacres. There are three college buildings, each three-stories high,\\nhaving severally the dimensions of 46 by 80, 40 by 100, and 47 by\\n80 feet. The attendance in 1878 was 205. Tuition in the prepara-\\ntory and collegiate studies is free. The faculty comprises nine\\nmembers. The value of property about $85,000.\\nAdrian College was established by the Wesleyan Methodists in\\n1859, now under the control of the Methodist Church. The\\ngrounds contain about 20 acres. There are four buildings, capable\\nof accommodating about 225 students. Attendance in 1875 was\\n179; total number of graduates for previous years, 121; 10 profes-\\nsors and teachers are employed. Exclusive of the endowment fund\\n($80,000), the assets of the institution, including grounds, build-\\nings, furniture, apparatus, musical instruments, outlying lands,\\netc., amount to more than $137,000.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 93\\nHope College, at Holland, is under the patronage of the Dutch\\nReformed Church. It was begun in 1851,and in connection with the\\nordinary branches of learning, it has a theological department. In\\n1877 it had 10 professors and teachers and 110 pupils. Up to 1875\\nthere had graduated, in the preparatory department, begun in 1863.\\n95; in the academic, beginning in 1866, 53; and in the theological,\\nbeginning in 1869, 24. Value of real estate, $25,000; of other prop-\\nerty, above incumbrance, about $10,000; the amount of endow-\\nment paid in is about $56,000.\\nKalamazoo College, headed by Baptists, is situated on a five-acre\\nlot of ground, and the property is valued at $35,000; investments,\\n$88,000. There are six members of the faculty, and in 1878 there\\nwere 169 pupils.\\nHillsdale College was established in 1855 by the Free Baptists.\\nThe Michigan Central College, at Spring Arbor, was incorpo-\\nrated in 1845. It was kept in operation until it was merged into\\nthe present Hillsdale College. The site comprises 25 acres, beauti-\\nfully situated on an eminence in the western part of the city of\\nHillsdale. The large and imposing building first erected was\\nnearly destroyed by fire in 1874, and in its place five buildings of\\na more, modern style have been erected. They are of brick,\\nthree stories with basement, arranged on three sides of a quad-\\nrangle. Their size is, respectively, 80 by 80, 48 by 72, 48 by 72,\\n80 by 60, 52 by 72, and they contain one-half more room than the\\noriginal building. Ex-Lieut. -Gov. E. B. Fairfield was the first\\npresident. The present president is Rev. D. W. C. Durgin, D. D.\\nWhole number of graduates up to 1878, 375; number of students\\nin all departments, 506; number of professors and instructors, 15;\\nproductive endowment, about $100,000; buildings and grounds,\\n$80,000; library, 6,200 volumes.\\nOlivet College, in Eaton county, is a lively and thorough literary\\nand fine-art institution, under the joint auspices of the Presbyterian\\nand Congregational denominations. Value of buildings and\\ngrounds, about $85,000. Fourteen professors and teachers are em-\\nployed, and the attendance in 1878 was 190, the sexes in about\\nequal proportion. There are five departments, namely: the colle-\\ngiate, preparatory, normal, music and art.\\nBattle Creek College, conducted by the Seventh-Day Adventists,\\nwas established in 1874, with four departments, 11 professors and\\nteachers, and an attendance of 289. It is practically connected\\nwith a large health institution, where meat and medicines are\\neschewed. In 1878 there were 15 instructors and 478 students.\\nSpecial attention is paid to hygiene and hygienic medication.\\nGrand Traverse College was opened at Benzonia in 1863, as the\\nresult of the efforts of Rev. Dr. J. B. Walker, a prominent divine\\nof the Congregational Church. The friends of this institution\\nhave met with serious discouragements: their lands have not risen\\nin value as anticipated and they have suffered a heavy loss from\\nfire; but the college has been kept open to the present time, with", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "94 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nan average of 70 pupils. The curriculum, however, has so far been\\nonly preparatory. The land is valued at $25,000, and the build-\\nings, etc., $6,000. The school has done a good work in qualifying\\nteachers for the public schools.\\nBesides the foregoing colleges, there are the German-American\\nSeminary in Detroit, a Catholic seminary at Monroe, the Michigan\\nFemale Seminary at Kalamazoo, the Military Academy at Orchard\\nLake, near Pontiac, and others.\\nCHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.\\nNo State in the union takes better care of her poor than does\\nMichigan. For a number of years past, especially under the\\nadministrations of Govs. Bagley and Croswell, extraordinary efforts\\nhave been made to improve and bring to perfection the appoint-\\nments for the poor and dependent.\\nAccording to the report of the Board of State Commissioners\\nfor the general supervision of charitable, penal, pauper and reform-\\natory institutions for 1876, the total number in poor-houses of the\\nState was 5,282. For the five years preceding, the annual rate of\\nincrease was four times greater than the increase of population\\nduring that period; but that was an exceptionally hard time.\\nThe capacity of the public heart, however, was equal to the occa-\\nsion, and took such measures as were effectual and almost beyond\\ncriticism for the care of the indigent.\\nAt the head of the charity department of the State stands\\nTHE STATE PUBLIC SCHOOL.\\nIn the year 1870 a commission appointed by the Governor for\\nthat purpose, visited many of the poor-houses in the State, and\\nfound a large number of children in them under 16 years of age,\\nindiscriminately associated with idiots, maniacs, prostitutes and\\nvagrants. Their report recommended the classification of paupers?\\nand especially, that children in the county houses, under 16 years,\\nshould be placed in a State school. The act establishing the school\\nwas passed in 1871, in conformity with the recommendation. As\\namended in 1873, it provides, in substance, that there shall be received\\nas pupils in such school all neglected and dependent children that\\nare over four and under 16 years of age, and that are in suitable\\ncondition of body or mind to receive instruction, especially those\\nmaintained in the county poor-houses, those who have been deserted\\nby their parents, or are orphans, or whose parents have been con-\\nvicted of crime. It is declared to be the object of the act to pro-\\nvide for such children temporary homes only, until homes can be\\nprocured for them in families. The plans comprehend the ulti-\\nmate care of all children of the class described, and it is made\\nunlawful to retain such children in poor-houses when there is room\\nfor them in the State Public School. Dependent orphans and half", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 95\\norphans of deceased soldiers and sailors have the preference of\\nadmission should there be more applications than room. Provi-\\nsion is made for perserving a record of the parentage and history\\nof each child.\\nThe general supervision of the school is delegated to a Board of\\nControl, consisting of three members, who are appointed by the\\nGovernor, with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Board\\nappoints the superintendent, officers and teachers of the school.\\nOne officer is appointed to look up homes for the children, to\\napprentice them, and to keep a general oversight of them by visita-\\ntion or correspondence. To complete the work of this institution,\\nan agent is appointed in each county.\\nThe internal government of this school is that known as the\\nfamily and congregate combined, the families consisting of\\nabout 30 members each, and being under the care of cottage\\nmanagers, ladies whom the children call aunties, and who are\\nsupposed to care for the children as mothers. Each child of suffi-\\ncient years is expected to work three hours every day; some work\\non the farm, some in the dining-room and kitchen, while others\\nmake shoes, braid straw hats, make their own clothing, work in the\\nbakery, engine room, laundry, etc. They are required to attend\\nschool three to five hours a day, according to their ages, and the\\nschool hours are divided into sessions to accommodate the work.\\nThe buildings, 10 in number, comprise a main building, eight\\ncottages and a hospital, all of brick. The buildings are steam\\nheated, lighted with gas and have good bathing facilities. There\\nare 41 acres of land in connection with the school, and the total\\nvalue of all the property is about $150,000, furnishing accommoda-\\ntions for 240 children.\\nSTATE REFORM SCHOOL.\\nThis was established at Lansing in 1855, in the northeastern por-\\ntion of the city, as the House of Correction for Juvenile Offend-\\ners, having about it many of the features of a prison. In 1859\\nthe name was changed to The State Reform School. The gov-\\nernment and discipline have undergone many and radical changes\\nuntil all the prison features have been removed except those that\\nremain in the walls of the original structure, and which remain\\nonly as monuments of instructive history. No bolts, bars or guards\\nare employed. The inmates are necessarily kept under the surveil-\\nlance of officers, but the attempts at escape are much fewer than\\nunder the more rigid regime of former days. This school is for the\\ndetention, education and reformation of boys between the ages of\\neight and 16 years, who are convicted of light offenses.\\nThe principal building is four-stories high, including basement,\\nand has an extreme length of 246 feet, the center a depth of 48\\nfeet, and the wings a depth of 33 feet each. Besides, there are two\\nu family houses, where the more tractable and less vicious boys", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "90 HI8TOR? OF MICHIGAN.\\nform a kind of family, as distinguished from the congregate life of\\nthe institution proper. The boys are required to work a half a day\\nand attend school a half a day. A farm of 328 acres belonging to\\nthe school furnishes work for many of the boys during the working\\nseason. Some are employed in making clothing and shoes for the\\ninmates. The only shop-work now carried on is the cane-seating\\nof chairs; formerly, cigars were manufactured here somewhat exten-\\nsively. There is no contract labor, but all the work is done by the\\ninstitution itself.\\nThe number of inmates now averages about 200, and are taken\\ncare of by a superintendent and assistant, matron and assistant, two\\noverseers and six teachers.\\nINSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB, AND THE BLIND.\\nThis is located at Flint, 60 miles nearly northwest of Detroit.\\nThe act establishing it was passed in 1848, and the school was first\\nopened in 1854, in a leased building. It is a school in common for\\ndeaf mutes and the blind, rather from motives of economy than\\nfrom any relation which the two classes bear to one another.\\nThe buildings were commenced in 1853. The principal ones now\\nare: front building, 43 by 72 feet, with east and west wings, each\\n28 by 60 feet; center buiiding, 40 by 60, and east and west wings,\\neach 50 by 70 feet; main school building, 52 by 54, with two\\nwings, each 25 by 60 teet. All of these buildings are four stories\\nhigh center of the front building is five stories, including base-\\nment. There are also a boiler and engine house, barns, etc., etc.\\nThe total value of the buildings is estimated at $358,045, and of\\nthe 88 acres of land occupied, $17,570.\\nThe number of inmates has increased from 94 in 1865 to 225\\nin 1875. Including the principal, there are 10 teachers employed\\nin the deaf and dumb department, and four in the blind, besides\\nthe matron and her assistants. Tuition and board are free to all\\nresident subjects of the State, and the trustees are authorized to\\nassist indigent subjects in the way of clothing, etc., to the amount\\nof $40 a year. An annual census of all deaf mutes and blind per-\\nsons in the State is officially taken and reported to the overseers\\nof the poor, who are to see that these unfortunate members of the\\nhuman family are properly cared for.\\nASYLUM FOR THE INSANE, AT KALAMAZOO.\\nThis institution was established in 1848, and now consists of two\\ndepartments, one for males and the other for females. Thecapacit} 7\\nof the former is 280 and of the latter 300 patients. In their general\\nconstruction both buildings are arranged in accordance with the\\nprinciples laid down by the Association of Medical Superintendents\\nof American Institutions for the Insane. The buildings are of\\nbrick, with stone trimmings, and are very substantial, as well as", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 97\\nbeautiful. The entire cost of both buildings, with all the auxiliary\\nstructures, and 195 acres of land, is about $727,173.90. The\\nbuildings were constructed during the war and immediately after-\\nward. The asylum was opened in 1859 for the care of patients,\\nand up to Oct. 1, 1875, there had been expended for the care aud\\nmaintenance of patients, exclusive of the cost of construction,\\n$994,711.32. Indigent patients are received and treated at the\\nasylum at the expense of the counties to which they belong, on the\\ncertification of the county authorities, the average cost of main-\\ntenance being about $4,124; per week. Pay patients are received\\nwhen there is room for them, the minimum price of board being\\n$5 per week.\\nEASTERN ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE, AT P0NTIAC.\\nThese large, beautiful and very modern structures are located\\nupon a farm of upward of 300 acres, and were erected in 1873- 6 at\\na cost of about $400,000. The general plans are similar to those\\nat Kalamazoo. They are built of brick, with stone window caps,\\nbelt-courses, etc. There are accommodations for not less than 300\\npatients.\\nMichigan pursues a very enlightened policy toward the chronic\\ninsane. Provisions have been made for the treatment even of\\nthe incurable, so that as much good as possible may be done even\\nto the most unfortunate. The design is to cure whenever the\\nnature of the mental malady will permit; but failing this, to cease\\nno effort which could minister to the comfort and welfare of the\\npatient.\\nPENAL INSTITUTIONS.\\nThe Detroit House of Correction, although a local institution, is\\nused to a considerable extent as an intermediate prison, to which\\npersons are sentenced by the courts throughout the State for minor\\noffenses. Women convicted of felonies are also sentenced to this\\nplace. The whole number in confinement at this prison for the past\\ndecade has averaged a little over 400 at any one time, more males\\nthan females. The average term of confinement is but a little more\\nthan two months, and the institution is very faithfully conducted.\\nThe State Prison at Jackson is one of the best conducted in the\\nUnion. The total value of the property is valued at $552,113. The\\nearnings of the prison in 1S78 were $92,378; number of prisoners;\\n800. Their work is let to contractors, who employ 450 men at\\ndifferent trades. A coal mine has been recently discovered on the\\nprison property, which proves a saving of several thousand dollars\\nper annum to the State. The earnings of this prison since Gen.\\nWm. Humphrey has been warden (1875) has exceeded its current\\nexpenses.\\n7", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "98 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nThe State Prison at Ionia was established a few .years ago for the\\nreception of convicts whose crimes are not of the worst type, and\\nthose who are young, but too old for the Reform School. The\\nground comprises 53 acres of land, 13\u00c2\u00a3 of which is enclosed by a\\nbrick wall 18 feet high. Estimated value of property, $277,490;\\ncurrent expenses for 1878, $45,714; earnings for 1878, $5,892; num-\\nber of prisoners Dec. 31, 1878, 250; number received during the\\nyear, 346.\\nTHE STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY\\nis distinct from the State Agricultural Board, the latter being sim-\\nply an executive over the Agricultural College under the laws of\\nthe State. The former was organized at Lansing March 23, 1849,\\nand was specially incorporated by act of April 2 following, since\\nwhich time it has numbered among its officers and executive mem-\\nbers some of the foremost men of the State. It has held annual\\nfairs in various places, and the number of entries for premiums has\\nrisen from 623 to several thousand, and its receipts from $808.50 to\\n$58,780. The premiums offered and awarded have increased pro-\\nportionally.\\nSTATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.\\nAt an informal meeting of several gentlemen in Grand Rapids\\nFeb. 11, 1870, it was resolved to organize a State pomological\\nsociety, and at an adjourned meeting on the 26th of the same month,\\nthe organization was perfected, and the first officers elected were: H.\\nG. Saunders, President; S. L. Fuller, Treasurer; and A. T. Linder-\\nman, Secretary. The society was incorporated April 15, 1871, for\\nthe purpose of promoting the interest of pomology, horticulture,\\nagriculture, and kindred sciences and arts. During the first two\\nyears monthly meetings were required, but in 1872 quarterly meet-\\nings were substituted. It now has a room in the basement of the\\nnewcapitol. T. T. Lyon, of South Haven, is President, and Charles\\nW. Garfield, of Grand Rapids, Secretary. Under the supervision of\\nthis society, Michigan led the world in the centennial exposition at\\nPhiladelphia in the exhibition of winter apples. The contributions\\nof this society to pomological literature are also richer than can be\\nfound elsewhere in the United States.\\nSTATE FISHKRIES.\\nVery naturally, the denser population of the white race, as it\\ntook possession of this wild country, consumed what they found\\nalready abundant long before they commenced to renew the stock.\\nIt was so with the forests; it was so with the fish. An abundance\\nof a good variety offish was found in all our rivers and little lakes\\nby the early settlers, but that abundance was gradually reduced\\nuntil these waters were entirely robbed of their useful inhabitants.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 99\\nScarcely a thought of re-stocking the inland waters of this State\\nwas entertained until the spring of 1873, when a board of fish\\ncommissioners was authorized by law; and while the people gen-\\nerally still shook their heads in skepticism, the board went on with\\nits duty until these same people are made glad with the results.\\nUnder the efficient superintendency of Geo. H. Jerome, of Niles,\\nnearly all the lakes and streams within the lower peninsula have\\nbeen more or less stocked with shad, white-fish, salmon or lake\\ntrout, land-locked or native salmon, eel, etc., and special efforts are\\nalso made to propagate that beautiful and useful fish, the graylinw,\\nwhose home is in the Manistee and Muskegon rivers. Much more\\nis hoped for, however, than is yet realized. Like every other great\\ninnovation, many failures must be suffered before the brilliant crown\\nof final success is won.\\nThe value of all the property employed in fish propagation in\\nthe State is but a little over $4,000, and the total expenses of con-\\nducting the business from Dec. 1, 1876, to Julv 1, 1877, were\\n$14,000.\\nThe principal hatcheries are at Detroit and Pokagon.\\nTHE MICHIGAN STATE FIREMEN s ASSOCIATION\\nwas organized April 13, 1875, at Battle Creek, for the protection\\nand promotion of the best interests of the firemen of Michigan, the\\ncompilation of fire statistics, the collection of information concern-\\ning the practical working of different systems of organization; the\\nexamination of the merits of the different kinds of fire apparatus\\nin use, and the improvement in the same; and the cultivation of a\\nfraternal fellowship between the different companies in the State.\\nThe association holds it meetings annually, at various places in the\\nState, and as often publish their proceedings, in pamphlet form.\\nSTATE BOARD OF PUBLIC HEALTH.\\nThis Board was established in 1873, and consists of seven mem-\\nbers, appointed by the Governor, the secretary ex officio a member\\nand principal executive officer. It is the duty of this Board to\\nmake sanitary investigations and inquiries respecting the causes of\\ndisease, especially of epidemics; the causes of mortality, and the\\neffects of localities, employments, conditions, ingesta, habits and\\ncircumstances on the health of the people; to advise other officers\\nin regard to the location, drainage, water supply, disposal of ex-\\ncreta, heating and ventilation of any public building; and also to\\nadvise all local health officers concerning their duties; and to\\nrecommend standard works from time to time on hygiene for the\\nuse of public schools. The secretary is required to collect informa-\\ntion concerning vital statistics, knowledge respecting diseases and\\nall useful information on the subject of hygiene, and through an\\nannual report, and otherwise, as the Board may direct, to dissemi-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "100 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nnate such information among the people. These interesting duties\\nhave been performed by Dr. Henry B. Baker from the organization\\nof the Board to the present time. The Board meets quarterly at\\nLansing.\\nTHE LAND OFFICE\\nof this State has a great deal of business to transact, as it has within\\nits jurisdiction an immense amount of new land in market, and\\nmuch more to come in. During the fiscal year ending Sept. 30,\\n1877, the total number of acres sold was 50,835.72, for $87,968.05,\\nof which $69,800.54 was paid in hand. At that time-the amount of\\nland still owned by the State was 3,049,905.46, of which 2,430,050.-\\n47 acres were swamp land, 447,270.89 primary school, 164,402.55\\nAgricultural College, 310.26 University, 160 Normal School, 2.-\\n115.63 Salt Spring, 1,840 Asylum, 32.40 State building, 3,342.75\\nasset, and 380.31 internal improvement. But of the foregoing,\\n1,817,084.25 acres, or more than half, are not in market.\\nSTATE LIBRARY.\\nTerritorial Library 1828-1835. The first knowledge that we\\nhave of this library, is derived from the records found in the printed\\ncopies of the journals and documents of the Legislative Councils of\\nthe Territory, and in the manuscript copies of the executive jour-\\nnals.\\nThe library was established by an act of the Legislative Council,\\napproved June 16, 1828, authorizing the appointment of a librarian\\nby the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Council.\\nThe librarian so appointed was required to take an oath of office\\nand give bond to the treasurer of the Territory in the sum of $1,-\\n000, for the faithful performance of his duties; his time of service\\nwas for two years or until another be appointed.\\nThe librarian was also required to take charge of the halls and\\ncommittee room, and other property appertaining to the Legislative\\nCouncil. He was also required to make an annual report to the\\nCouncil, upon the state of the library, and upon all such branches\\nof duty as might from time to time be committed to his charge.\\nFor his services he was to receive annually the sum of $100.\\nThe library seemed to have been kept open only during the actual\\nsittings of the Legislative Council.\\nThe executive journal by its records shows that under the pro-\\nvisions of this act, William B. Hunt was appointed librarian July\\n3, 1828, by Gov. Lewis Cass, for the term of two years. Mr. Hunt\\ncontinued to act as librarian until March 7, 1834, when Gersham\\nMott Williams was appointed by Gov. Porter. Mr. Williams seems\\nto have acted as librarian until the organization of the institution\\nas a State library.\\nThe honored names of Henry B. Schoolcraft, Charles Moraii,\\nDaniel S. Bacon,Calvin Brittain, Elon Farnsworth, Charles C. Ha", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 101\\ncall and others are found in the list of the members of the Library\\ncommittee.\\nMarch, 1836, the State library was placed in charge of the Secre-\\ntary of State; in February, 1837. it was given to thecareof the pri-\\nvate secretary of the Governor; Dec. 28 following its custody was\\ngiven to the Governor and Secretary of State, with power to appoint\\na librarian and make rules and regulations for its government. C\\nC. Jackson acted as the first librarian for the State. Lewis Bond\\nalso had the care of the books for a time. Oren Marsh was appointed\\nlibrarian in 1837, and had the office several years. In March, 1840,\\nthe law was again changed, and the library was placed in the care\\nof the Secretary of State, and the members of the Legislature and\\nexecutive officers of the State were to have free access to it at all\\ntimes.\\nState Library. The library was of course increased from time\\nto time by Legislative appropriations. In 1844, as the result of the\\nefforts of Alexandre Yattemare, from Paris, a system of interna-\\ntional exchanges was adopted.\\nApril 2, 1850, an act was passed requiring the Governor to\\nappoint a State librarian with the consent of the Senate, and it was\\nmade the duty of the librarian to have the sole charge of the library.\\nThis act, with, some amendments, still remains in force. It requires\\nthe librarian to make biennial reports and catalogues. The libra-\\nrians under this act have been: Henry Tisdale, April 2, 1850, to\\nJan. 27, 1851; Charles J. Fox, to July 1, 1853; Charles P. Bush,\\nto Dec. 5. 1854; John James Bush, to Jan. 6. 1855; DeWitt C.\\nLeach, to Feb. 2, 1857; George W. Swift, to Jan. 27, 1859; J.\\nEugene Tenney, to April 5, 1869; and Mrs. Harriet A. Tenney to\\nthe present time. This lady has proved to be one of the best libra-\\nrians in the United States. She has now in her charge about 60,-\\n000 volumes, besides thousands of articles in the new and rapidly\\ngrowing museum department. She is also Secretary of the Pio-\\nneer Society of the State of Michigan, and has charge of the books,\\npapers and relics collected by that society. The library and these\\nmuseums are now kept in the new State capitol at Lansing, in a\\nseries of rooms constructed for the purpose, and are all arranged in\\nthe most convenient order and with the neatest taste.\\nBANKS.\\nThe earliest effort for the establishment of a bank within the pres-\\nent limits of the State of Michigan was in 1805. The act of Con-\\ngress establishing the Territory of Michigan conferred legislative\\npowers on the Governor and judges; and at their first session as a\\nBoard, a petition for an act incorporating a bank was presented to\\nthem. This was at a time whei the local business could scarcely\\nhave demanded a banking institution, or have afforded much prom-\\nise of its success. The small town of Detroit had just been laid in\\nashes, and the population of the entire Territory was inconsidera-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "LAW BVILDINO\\nINIVE; SITY HALL.\\nUNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "MEDICAL BUILDING.\\nCHEMICAL LABORATORY.\\nUNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "104 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nble, being reckoned five years previously at only 551; in 1810, it\\nwas less than 5,000; the country was possessed mainly by the\\nIndians, and the few French in the State were neither enterprising\\nnor prosperous. No road pierced the forests of the interior; no\\nmanufactories existed; agriculture yielded nothing for market, and\\nnavigation had scarcely begun to plow our rivers and lakes. In\\ngeneral commerce the fur trade was almost the only element.\\nThe petition lor a bank charter was presented, not by citizens of\\nDetroit, but by capitalists of Boston, Russell Sturges and others,\\nwho were engaged in the fur trade. This petition was granted Sept.\\n15, 1806, incorporating the Bank of Detroit, 1 with a capital of\\n$400,000. The great distance of this locality from New England\\ngave those capitalists the advantage of circulating inland bills of\\ncredit against their Western banks for a long time before their\\nredemption. Judge Woodward, one of the judges who granted the\\nact of incorporation, was appointed its president, and the bank went\\ninto immediate operation; but imputations unfavorable to Judge\\nWoodward in regard to this and other matters led to a Congres-\\nsional investigation of the act incorporating the bank, and the act\\nwas disapproved by that body. The bank, however, continued to do\\nbusiness; but in September, 1808, the Governor and judges, in the\\nabsence of Woodward, passed an act making it punishable as a crime\\nto carry on an unauthorized banking business, and this put an end\\nto the brief existence of the institution. Its bills were quietly with-\\ndrawn from circulation the following year.\\nThe next bank established in the Territory was the Bank of\\nMichigan, incorporated by the Board of Governor and Judges,\\nDec. 19, 1817, with a capital of $100,000. The validity of this act\\nwas fully established by the courts in 1830. By the terms of its\\ncharter, the corporation was to expire on the first Monday in June,\\n1839; but the Legislative Council, Feb. 25,1831, extended its life\\ntwenty-five years longer, and subsequently it was allowed to increase\\nits capital stock and establish a branch at Bronson, now Kalamazoo.\\nThe two above named are all the banks which derived their cor-\\nporate existence from the Governor and judges.\\nThe first bank charter granted by the Legislative Council was\\nto the Merchants and Mechanics Bank of Michigan, approved\\nApril 2, 1827. The bank was to be established at Detroit, with a\\ncapital of $200,000, with liberty to increase it to $500,000. This\\ncorporation was also made an insurance company; but it does not\\nappear a company was ever organized under this charter. March\\n29, 1827, the Bank of Monroe was incorporated, its capital stock\\nto be $100,000 to $500,000, and to continue in existence 20 years.\\nThe Farmers and Mechanics Bank of Michigan was chartered\\nNov. 5, 1829, and March 7,1834, it was allowed to increase its\\ncapital stock, and establish a branch at St. Joseph. The Bank of\\nRiver Raisin was chartered June 29, 1832, and allowed to have a\\nbranch at Pontiac. The Bank of Wisconsin was chartered Jan.\\n23, 1835, and was to be located in the Green Bay country, but on", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 105\\nthe organization of the State of Michigan it was thrown outside of\\nits jurisdiction.\\nMarch 26, 1835, there were incorporated four banks, namely:\\nMichigan State Bank at Detroit, Bank of Washtenaw at Ann\\nArbor, Bank of Pontiac, and the Erie and Kalamazoo Railroad\\nBank at Adrian. The Bank of Pontiac was also a railroad\\nbank, its establishment being an amendment to the charter of the\\nDetroit and Pontiac Railroad Company.\\nThe nine banks last above named are all that were created by the\\nLegislative Council.\\nNext, the State Legislature in 1836 chartered the Bank of Man-\\nhattan, Calhoun County Bank. Bank of St. Clair, Bank of Clinton,\\nBank of Ypsilanti, Bank of Macomb, Bank of Tecumseh and Bank\\nof Constantine. The same Legislature passed an act to create a\\nfund for the benefit of the creditors of certain moneyed corpora-\\ntions, which was in fact the famous safety-fund system of the State\\nof New York. It required each bank to deposit with the State\\nTreasurer, at the beginning of each year, a sum equal to one-half of\\none per cent, on the capital stock paid in; and the fund so created\\nwas to be held and used for the benefit of the creditors whenever\\nany bank subject to its provisions should become insolvent; but this\\nstatute was destined to have but little practical effect. The system\\nin New York proved inadequate for the security of the public\\ninterests, and it was practically abandoned here.\\nBy this time, the financial affairs of the whole country had\\nbecome sadly deranged, consequent upon a wild and reckless spirit\\nof speculation. The currency became greatly inflated, fabulous\\nprices given to property, and the masses of the people subjected to\\nthe cruel mercies of shrewd financiers. The session of 1837 was\\nflooded with petitions for the creation of banks, and the Legislature\\nmet the emergency by adopting a sj T stem of free banking, under\\nwhich were organized a great number of those institutions since\\nknown as wild-cat banks. The statute authorized any 12 free-\\nholders of any county who desired to do banking, to apply to the\\ntreasurer and clerk of the county for that purpose, and books were\\nto be opened for subscriptions to the capital stock, $50,000 to $300,-\\n000. Ten per cent, on each share was required to be paid in specie\\nat the time of subscribing, and 30 per cent, of the entire capital\\nstock in like funds before the association should commence opera-\\ntions. The president and directors were also required to furnish\\nsecurities for the payment of all debts and redemption of all notes\\nissned by the association.\\nThis new law was popularly received with great enthusiasm.\\nOn its final passage in the House, only four members were bold\\nenough to vote against it, namely: Almv, of Kent; Monfore, of\\nMacomb; Purdy, of Washtenaw, and Felch of Monroe. This\\nLegislature closed its session March 22, 1837, by adjournment to\\nNov. 9, following; but the financial embarrassments of the country\\nincreased so rapidly that the Governor called an extra session of", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "106 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nthe Legislature for June 12, arid in his message he attributed these\\nembarrassments, in a great measure, to the error of over-banking,\\nover-trading, and a want of providence and economy. The banks\\neast and south had already suspended specie payments, and Mich-\\nigan was of necessit} drawn into the vortex. The report, to this\\nLegislature, by a special commissioner appointed by the Governor,\\nheld forth, however, that the banks of Michigan were solvent, but\\nthat a little time may be granted them as a defense against the\\nresults of suspensions in New York and elsewhere. The number\\nof banks doing business in this State at that time was 13 in num-\\nber, previously mentioned. The Legislature granted them time\\nuntil May 16, 1838. The session of the winter following under-\\ntook to secure the public by appointing three bank commissioners\\nto visit all the banks in the State at least once in every three\\nmonths, to examine the specie held by them, inspect their books,\\nand inform themselves generally of their aifairs and transactions;\\nmonthly statements of the condition of the banks were required to\\nbe made and published, and no bills were to be issued without\\nbearing the endorsement of a bank commissioner, etc. Under the\\ngeneral banking law, as already stated, every subscriber to the stock\\nwas to pay in 10 per cent, in specie on each share at the time of\\nsubscribing, and 10 every six months thereafter, and 30 per cent,\\nof the whole capital stock was required to be paid in like manner\\nbefore the bank should commence operations. The specie thus\\npaid in was to be the capital of the bank and the basis of its busi-\\nness operations. The requirement of it involved the principle\\nthat banking could not be carried on without hona-fide capital, and\\nwithout it no bank could be permitted to flood the country with its\\nbills; but the investigations of the commissioners showed a very\\ngeneral violation of the law in this respect. In many cases, instead\\nof specie, a kind of paper denominated specie certificates was\\nused; in some cases, specie borrowed for the occasion was used and\\nimmediately returned to the owner; sometimes, even, a nail-keg\\nfilled with old iron, or gravel, or sand and covered over the top\\nwith specie, was employed to deceive the commissioners; and\\nsometimes the notes of individual subscribers or others, usually\\ndenominated stock notes, were received and counted as specie.\\nThe books of the banks were also kept in so imperfect a manner,\\nsometimes through incompetency, sometimes with fraudulent de-\\nsign, as frequent^ to give little indication of the transactions of\\nthe bank or of the true condition of its affairs. By proprietorship of\\nseveral banks in one company of men. by frequent sale and trans-\\nfer of the stock, and by many other tricks and turns, a little specie\\nwas made to go a great way in flooding the country with worthless\\npaper.\\nIt is manifest that this conditon of things could not have existed\\nwithout a fearful amount of fraud and perjury. In the excitement\\nand recklessness of the times, amid ruined fortunes and blighted\\nhopes, the moral sense had become callous. The general banking", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 107\\nlaw was not without some good features, but it came into existence\\nat a most unfortunate time, and the keenness and unscrupulous-\\nness of desperate men, taking advantage of its weak points and\\ncorruptly violating its salutary provisions, used it to the public\\ninjury.\\nUnder this law about 40 banks went into operation, many of\\nthem in remote and obscure places, and before the commissioners\\ncould perfect their work of reform the crisis came and the catas-\\ntrophe could not be averted. Failure rapidly succeeded failure,\\natid legitimately chartered banks were drawn into the same vortex\\nwith the wild-cat institutions. Only seven banks escaped the\\nwhirlpool, and the worthless paper afloat represented more than a\\nmillion dollars. As ex-G-ov. Alpheus Felch well says:\\nThus ends the history of that memorable financial epoch.\\nForty years have passed since these events, and few remain who can\\nremember the excitement and distrust, the fear and despondency,\\nthe hopes and disappointments which agitated the community,\\nin those days of inflation and speculation, of bankruptcy and\\nfinancial distress; and fewer still remain who bore part in the\\ntransactions connected with them. We look back upon them to\\nread the lessons which their history teaches. The notion that\\nbanks without real capital, or a currency which can never be\\nredeemed, can relieve from debts or insolvency, is tried and\\nexploded. We are led to the true principle, that prosperity, both\\npublic and individual, awaits upon industry and economy, judicious\\nenterprise and honest productive labor, free from wild speculation\\nand unprofitable investments, and a wise and prudent use of our\\nabundant resources.\\nIn 1875 there were 77 national banks in this State, doing an\\nannual business of about $26,000,000; 15 State banks, with a busi-\\nness of nearly $4,000,000, and 12 savings banks, with a business of\\n$6,000,000.\\nGEOLOGY.\\nThe lower peninsula occupies the central part of a great synclinal\\nbasin, toward which the strata dip from all directions, and which\\nare bounded on all sides by anticlinal swells and ridges. The\\nlimits of this basin exceed those of the peninsula, extending to\\nLondon, Out., Madison, Wis., Marquette and Sault Ste. Marie.\\nThe whole series of strata may therefore be compared to a nest of\\ndishes, the lower and exterior ones representing the older strata.\\nThe upper peninsula is divided by the Marquette-Wisconsin\\nanticlinal into two geological areas, the eastern belonging to the\\ngreat basin above alluded to, and the western being lacustrine in\\nits character, and largely covered by Lake Superior. The southern\\nrim of the latter is seen uplifted along Keweenaw Point and the\\nsouth shore of the lake, and these strata re-appear at Isle Royale.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "108 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nBetween the Michigan and lacustrine basins the metalliferous JVtar-\\nquette-Wisconsin axis interposes a separating belt of about 50\\nmiles.\\nThe palaeozoic great system of this State measures about 2,680\\nfeet in thickness, of which the Silurian division is 920 feet, the\\nDevonian 1,040 feet, and the carboniferous 720 feet.\\nThe coal-bearing group occupies the central portion of the\\npeninsula, extending from Jackson to township 20 north, and from\\nrange 8 east to 10 west.\\nOf iron, hematite and magnetite, in immense lenticular masses\\nof unsurpassed purity, abound in the Huronian rocks of the upper\\npeninsula. The former of these, under the action of water,\\nbecomes soft, and is called Limonite, and is abundant throughout\\nthe State as an earthy ore or ochre, bog ore, shot ore, yellow ochre,\\netc. Sometimes it is deposited in stalactitic. mammillary,\\nbotryoidal and velvety forms of great beauty. Kidnej ore abounds\\nin the Huron clays, and black-band in the coal measures.\\nOf copper, native, in the trap of Lake Superior, abounds in\\nthe form of sheets, strings and masses. Gold, silver and lead are\\nalso found in unimportant quantities in the Lake Superior region.\\nSalt abounds in the Saginaw region, gypsum, or land plaster\\nin the vicinity of Grand Rapids, building stone throughout the\\nState, manganese in many places, and many other valuable earths,\\nores and varieties of stone in many places.\\nNEWSPAPERS.\\nThere are about 275 newspapers and periodical publications in\\nMichigan, of all classes. Of these 224 are published weekly, 17\\ndaily and weekly, two daily, seven semi-weekly, one tri-weekly, four\\nsemi-monthly, 19 monthly, one quarterly^ and one yearly; 112 are\\nRepublican, 46 Democratic, 73 independent and neutral, 14 relig-\\nious, and 15 miscellaneous. Among the latter are two Methodist,\\nseven Adventist (two Dutch or Ilollandisch), one Episcopal, one\\nCatholic and one Baptist; four mining, five educational, one\\nMasonic, one Odd-Fellow, one Grange, three medical and one agri-\\ncultural. Five are printed in the German language, six in the\\nDutch, one in the Swedish and one in the Danish.\\nThe present population of Michigan, according to the census of\\n1880, is as follows: Male, 862,278; females, 774,057; native born,\\n1,247,989; foreign, 388,346; white, 1,614,087; colored, 22,248;\\ntotal, 1,636,335.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\n109\\nSTATE OFFICERS.\\nOovs. During French Rule. Ap y d.\\nSieur de Mesey 1663\\nSieur de Courcelles 1605\\nSieur de Frontenac 1672\\nSieur de LaBarre 1682\\nMarquis de Denonville 1685\\nSieur de Frontenac 1689\\nChevalier de Callieres 1699\\nMarquis de Vaudreuil 1703\\nMarquis de Beauharnois 1726\\nCompt de la Galissoniere 1747\\nSieur de la Jonquiere 1749\\nMarquis du Quesne de Menneville.1752\\nSieur de Vaudreuil de Cavagnal. .1755\\nGovs. During British Rule-\\nJames Murray 1765\\nPaulus E. Irving. 1766\\nGuy Carleton 1766\\nHector T. Cramahe 1770\\nGuy Carleton 1774\\nFrederick Haldimand 1778\\nHenry Hamilton 1784\\nHenry Hope 1785\\nLord Dorchester 1786\\nAlured Clarke 1791\\nLord Dorchester 1798\\nGovernors of Michigan Territory.\\nWilliam Hull 1805\\nLewis Cass 1813\\nGeorge B. Porter 1831\\nStevens T. Mason, ex officio 1834\\nJohn T. Horner, ex officio 1835\\nState Governors. Elected.\\nStevens T. Mason 1835\\nWilliam Woodbridge 1840\\nJ. Wright Gordon, acting 1841\\nJohn S Barry 1842\\nAlpheus Felch 1846\\nWin. L. Greenly, acting 1847\\nEpaphroditus Ransom 1848\\nJohn S. Barry 1850\\nRobert McClelland 1852\\nAndrew Parsons, acting 1853\\nKinsley S. Bingham 1855\\nMoses Wisner 1859\\nAustin Blair 1861\\nHenry H. Crapo 1865\\nHenry P. Baldwin 1869\\nJohn J. Bagley 1873\\nCharles M. Croswell 1877\\nDavid H Jerome 1881\\nLieut-Governors of Michigan.\\nEdward Mundy 1835\\nJ. Wright Gordon 1840\\nOrigen D. Richardson 1842\\nWm. L. Greenly 1846\\nWm. M. Fenton 1848\\nWm. L. Greenly. 1849\\nCalvin Britain 1852\\nAndrew Parsons 1853\\nGeorge A. Coe 1855\\nEdmund B Fairfield 1859\\nJames Biruey 1861\\nJoseph R. Williams, acting 1861\\nHenry T. Backus, acting 1862\\nCharles S. May 1863\\nE. O. Grosvenor 1865\\nDwight May 1867\\nMorgan Bates 1869\\nHenry H. Holt 1873\\nAlonzo Sessions 1877\\nMoreau S. Crosby 1881\\nSecretaries of State.\\nKintzing Pritchette 1835\\nRandolph Manning 1838\\nThomas Rowland 1840\\nRobert P Eldridge 1842\\nG. O. Whittemore 1846\\nGeorge W. Peck 1848\\nGeorge Redfield 1850\\nCharles H. Taylor 1850\\nWilliam Graves 1853\\nJohn McKinney ..1855\\nNelson G. Isbell 1859\\nJames B. Porter 1861\\nO. L. SpauldiDg 1867\\nDaniel Striker 1871\\nE. G. D. Holden 1875\\nWilliam Jenney 1879\\nState Treasurers.\\nHenry Howard 1836\\nPeter Desnoyers 1839\\nRobert Stuart 1840\\nGeorge W. Germain 1841\\nJohn J. Adam 1842\\nGeorge Redfield 1845\\nGeorge B Cooper 1846\\nBarnard C. Whittemore 1850\\nSilas M. Holmes 1855\\nJohn McKinney 1859\\nJohn Owen 1861\\nE. O. Grosvenor 1867\\nVictory P. Collier 1871\\nWm. B. McCreery 1875\\nBenj. D. Pritchard 1879\\nAttorneys-General.\\nDaniel Le Roy 1836\\nPeter Morey 1837\\nZephaniah Piatt 1841\\nElon Farnsworth 1843\\nHenry N. Walker 1845\\nEdward Mundy 1847\\nGeo. V. N. Lothrop 1848\\nWilliam Hale 1851", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "110\\nHISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\nJacob M. Howard 1855\\nCharles Upson 1861\\nAlbeit Williams 1863\\nWin. L. Stoughton 1867\\nDwight May 1869\\nByron D. Ball 1873\\nIsaac Marston. 1874\\nAndrew J. Smith 1875\\nOttoKirchner 1877\\nAuditor s-Qeneral.\\nRobert Abbott. 1836\\nHenry Howard, 1839\\nEurotas P Hastings 1840\\nAlpheus Felch, 1842\\nHenry L. Whipple 1842\\nCharles G. Hammond 1845\\nJohn J. Adam 1845\\nDigby V. Bell 1846\\nJohn J. Adam 1848\\nJohn Swegles, Jr. 1851\\nWhitney Jones ,1855\\nDaniel L. Case 1859\\nLangford G. Berry 1861\\nEmil Anneke 1863\\nWilliam Humphrey 1867\\nRalph Ely 1875\\nW. Irving Latimer 1879\\nSupts. Pub. Inst.\\nJohn D. Pierce 1838\\nFranklin Sawyer, Jr 1841\\nOliver C. Comstock 1843\\nIra May hew 1845\\nFrancis W. Shearman 1849\\nIra Mayhew 1865\\nJohn M. Gregory 1859\\nOramel Hosford 1865\\nDaniel B. Briggs 1873\\nHorace S. Tarbell 1877\\nCornelius A. Gower 1878\\nJudges of the Supreme Court.\\nAugustus B. Woodward 1805-24\\nFrederick Bates 1805-8\\nJohn Griffin.. 1806-24\\nJames Witherell 1808-28\\nSolomon Sibley 1824-36\\nIleDry Chipman. 1827-32\\nWm. Woodbridge 1828-32\\nRoss Wilkins 1832-6\\nWm. A Fletcher 1836-42\\nEpaphroditus Ransom 1836-47\\nGeorge Morell 1836-42\\nCharles W. Whipple 1843-52\\nAlpheus Felch. 1842-5\\nDavid Goodwin 1H43-6\\nWarner Wing 1845-56\\nGeorge Miles 1846-50\\nEdward Mundy 1848-51\\nSanford M. Green 1848-57\\nGeorge Martin 1851-2\\nJoseph T. Copeland 1852-7\\nSamuel T. Douglas 1852 7\\nDavid Johnson 1852-7\\nAbner Pratt 1851-7\\nCharles W. Whipple 1852-5\\nNathaniel Bacon 1855-8\\nSaudford M. Green 1856-8\\nE. H. C. Wilson. 1856-8\\nBenj. F. H. Witherell, Benj. F.\\nGraves, Josiah Turner and Ed-\\nwin Lawrence, to fill vacancies\\nin the latter part of 1857\\nGeorge Martin 1858-68\\nRandolph Manning 1858-64\\nIsaac P. Christiancy 1858-77\\nJames V Campbell 1838\\nThomas M. Cooley 1864\\nBenj F. Graves 1868\\nIsaac Marston 1875\\nU. S. Senators-\\nJohn Norvell 1835-41\\nLucius Lyon 1836-40\\nAugustus S. Porter. 1840-5\\nWin. Woodbridge 1841-7\\nLewis Cass 1845-57\\nThos. H. Fitzgerald 1848-9\\nAlpheus Felch 1847-53\\nCharles E. Stuart 1853-9\\nZachariah Chandler 1857-77\\nKinsley S. Bingham 1859-61\\nJacob M. Howard 1862-71\\nThomas W. Ferry 1871\\nHenry P Baldwin... 1880\\nZ. Cliandler 1878-9\\nOmarD. Conger 1881\\nRepresentatives in Congress.\\nIsaac E. Crary 1835-41\\nJacob M. Howard 1841-3\\nLucius Lyon 1843-5\\nRobert McClelland 1843-9\\nJames B. Hunt 1843-7\\nJohn S. Chipman 1845-7\\nCharles E. Stuart 1847-9\\nKinsley S. Bingham 1849-51\\nAlex. W. Buel 1849 51\\nWilliam Sprague 1849-50\\nCharles E, Stuart 1851-3\\nJames L. Conger 1851-3\\nEbenezer J. Penniman 1851-3\\nSamuel Clark 1 853-5\\nDavid A. Noble.. 1853-5\\nHester L- Stevens 1853-5\\nDavid Stuart 1853-5\\nGeorge W. Peck 1855-7\\nWm. A. Howard 1855-61\\nHenry Waldron 1855-61\\nDavid S. Walbridge 1855-9\\nD. C. Leach 1857-61\\nFrancis W. Kellogg 1859-65\\nB. F. Grander 1861-3\\nF. C. Beaman. 1861-71\\nR. E. Trowbridge 1861-3\\nharles Upson 1863-9", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. Ill\\nJohn W Lonsrvear 1 863 7 Josiah W. Begole 1873-5\\nJohnF. Drigga 1863-9 Nathan B. Bradley 1873-7\\ni i E. Trowbridge 1865-9 Jay A. Hubbell 1873\\nThomas W. Ferry 1800-71 W. B. Williams 1875-7\\nVustin Blair 1867-73 Alpheua S Williams 1875-9\\nVVm L Stoughton 1869-73 Mark S. Brewer 1877\\nOmar D. Longer 1869-81 Charles J. Ellsworth 1877-9\\nRandolph Strickland 1869 71 Edwin W. Keightley 1877-9\\nHenry Waldron 1871 5 Jonas II. McGowan 1877\\nWilder D. Foster 1871-3 John W. Stone 1877\\nJabezG Sutherland 1871-3 Edwin Willits 1\u00c2\u00bb77\\nMoses W. Field 1873 5 Koswell G. Horr 1879\\nteorge Willard 1875-7 John S. Newberry 1879\\nulius 0. Burrows 1873-5, 187!)\\nThe State printing is done by contract, the contractors for the\\nlast 13 years being W. S. George Co. (Geo. Jerome), the former\\nthe active partner, who also publishes and edits the Lansing Re-\\npublican, a paper noted for originality, condensation and careful\\nmake-up.\\nTOPOGRAPHY.\\nMichigan is a little southeast of the center of the continent of\\nNorth America, and with reference to all the resources of wealth\\nand civilization is most favorably situated. It is embraced between\\nthe parallels of 41\u00c2\u00b0.692 and I7\u00c2\u00b0.478 north latitude, and the merid-\\nians of 82\u00c2\u00b0.407 and 90\u00c2\u00b0.536 west of Greenwich. The upper\\npeninsula has its greatest extent east and west, and the lower, north\\nand south. The extreme length of the upper peninsula is 318\\nmiles, and its extreme breadth, 164^ miles; its area, 22,580 square\\nmiles. The length Of the lower peninsula is 277 miles, its width,\\n259 miles, and its area, 33,871 square miles. The upper peninsula\\nis rugged and rocky, affording scarcely anything but minerals as a\\nsource of wealth; the lower is level, covered with forests of valuable\\ntimber, and is excellent for all the products of Northern States.\\nThe total length of the lake shore is 1,620 miles, and there are\\nover 5,000 smaller lakes in the States, having a total area of 1,114\\nsquare miles.\\nA RETROSPECT.\\nAnd now, how natural to turn our eyes and thoughts back to the\\nlog-cabin days of less than 50 years ago, and contrast it with the\\nelegant mansion of modern times. Before us stands the old log\\ncabin. Let us enter. Instinctively the head is uncovered in token\\nof reverence to this relic of ancestral beginnings and early struggles.\\nTo the left is the deep, wide fire-place, in whose commodious space\\na group of children may sit by the tire and up through the chimney\\nmay count the stars, while ghostly stories of witches and giants,\\nand still more thrilling stories of Indians and wild beasts, are\\nwhisperingly told and shudderingly heard. On the great crane\\nhang the old tea-kettle and the great iron pot. The huge shovel\\nand tongs stand sentinel in either corner, while the great andirons", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "112 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.\\npatiently wait for the huge back log. Over the fire-place hangs the\\ntrusty rifle. On the right side of the fire-place stands the spin-\\nning-wheel, while in the further end of the room the loom looms\\nup with a dignity peculiarly its own. Strings of drying apples and\\npoles of drying pumpkin are overhead. Opposite the door by\\nwhich yon enter stands a huge deal table; by its side the dresser\\nwhose pewter plates and shining delf catch and reflect the\\nfire-place flame as shields of armies do the sunshine. From the\\ncorner of its shelves coyly peep out the relics of former china. In\\na curtained corner and hid from casual sight we find the mother s\\nbed, and under it the trundle-bed, while near them a ladder indi-\\ncates the loft where the older children sleep. To the left of the fire-\\nplace and in the corner opposite the spinning-wheel is the mother s\\nwork-stand. Upon it lies the Holy Bible, evidently much used, its\\nfamily record telling of parents and friends a long way off, and\\ntelling, too, of children\\nScattered like roses in bloom,\\nSome at the bridal, and some at the tomb.\\nHer spectacles, as if but just used, are inserted between the leaves\\nof her Bible, and tell of her purpose to return to its comforts\\nwhen cares permit and duty is done. A stool, a bench, well notched\\nand whittled and carved, and a few chairs complete the furniture of\\nthe room, and all stand on a coarse but well-scoured floor. Let us\\nfor a moment watch the city visitors to this humble cabin. The\\ncity bride, innocent but thoughtless, and ignorant of labor and care,\\nasks her city-bred husband, Pray what savages set this up?\\nHonestly confessing his ignorance, he replies, I do not know.\\nBut see the pair on whom age sits frosty but kindly. First, as\\nthey enter they give a rapid giance about the cabin home, and then\\na mutual glance of eye to eye. Why do tears start and fill their\\neyes? Why do lips quiver? There are many who know why, but\\nwho that has not learned in the school of experience the full mean-\\ning of all these symbols of trials and privation, of loneliness and\\ndanger, can comprehend the story that they tell to the pioneer?\\nWithin this chinked and mud-daubed cabin, we read the first pages\\nof our history, and as we retire through its low doorway, and note\\nthe heavy battened door, its wooden hinges, and its welcoming\\nlatch-string, is it strange that the scenes without should seem to be\\nbut a dream? But the cabin and the palace, standing side by side\\nin vivid contrast, tell the story of this people s progress. They are\\na history and prophecy in one.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COONTY\\nCHAPTER I.\\nTHE INDIANS.\\nThe origin of the red men, or American Indians, is a subject\\nwhich interests as well as instructs. It is a favorite with the\\nethnologist, even as it is one of deep concern to the ordinary\\nreader. The era of their establishment as a distinct and insulated\\npeople must be set down and credited to a period immediately after\\nthe separation of the Asiatics and the origin of the languages. ~No\\ndoubt whatever can exist when the American Indian is regarded as\\nof Asiatic origin. The fact is that the full-blood Indian of the pres-\\nent is descended directly from the earliest inhabitants, or, in other\\nwords, from the survivors of that people who, on being driven from\\ntheir fair possessions, retired to the wilderness in sorrow, and\\nreared up their children under the saddening influences of their\\nunquenchable griefs, bequeathing them only the habits of the wild,\\ncloud-roofed homes of their exile a sullen silence and a rude\\nmoral code. In after years those wild sons of the forest and\\nprairie grew in numbers and in strength. Some legend told them\\nof their present sufferings, of the high station which their fathers\\nonce had held, and of the riotous race that now reveled in the\\nwealth which should be theirs. The fierce passions of the savage\\nwere aroused, and uniting their scattered bands, all marched in\\nsilence upon the villages of the Tartars, driving them onward to\\nthe capital of their Incas, and consigning their homes to the flames.\\nOnce in view of the great city, the hurrying bands halted in sur-\\nprise, while Tartar cunning took advantage of the situation, and\\noffered to the sons of their former victims pledges of amity and\\njustice, which were sacredly observed. Henceforth Mexico was\\nopen to the Indians, bearing precisely the same relation to them\\nthat the Hudson Bay Company s villages do to the Northwestern\\nIndians of the present time, obtaining all and rendering little.\\nThe subjection of the Mongolian race, represented in North\\nAmerica by that branch of it to which those Tartars belonged,\\nseems to have taken place about five centuries prior to the arrival\\nof the Spaniards; while it may be concluded that the war of the\\nraces, which resulted in reducing the villages erected by the Tartar\\n8 (115)", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "116 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nhordes to ruin, took place between one and two hundred years\\nlater. These statements, though actually referring to events which\\nin point of time are comparatively modern, can be substantiated\\nonly by the fact that about the periods mentioned the dead bodies\\nof an unknown race of men were ashed ashore on the European\\ncoasts; while previous to that time there is no account whatever\\nin European annals of even a vestige of trans-Atlantic humanity\\nbeing transferred by ocean currents to the shores of the Old\\nWorld. Toward the latter half of the fifteenth century, two dead\\nbodies, entirely free from decomposition and corresponding with\\nthe characteristics of the red men, as afterward seen by Colum-\\nbus, were cast ashore on the Azores, and confirmed the great\\ndiscoverer in his belief in the existence of a western world and a\\nwestern people.\\nStorm and flood and disease have created sad havoc in the ranks\\nof the aborigines since the occupation of the country by the white\\nman. Inherent causes have led to the decimation of the race even\\nmore than the advance of civilization, which seems not to affect it\\nmaterially. In the maintenance of the same number of represent-\\natives during three centuries, and its existence in the very face of\\na most unceremonious, and, whenever necessary, cruel conquest,\\nthe grand dispensations of the Unseen Ruler are demonstrated;\\nfor, without the aborigines, savage and treacherous as they were,\\nit is possible that the explorers of former times would have so\\nmany natural difficulties to contend with that their work would be\\nsurrendered in despair, and the most fertile regions of the conti-\\nnent saved for the plow-shares of the coming generations. It is\\nvery questionable whether the ultimate resolve of Columbus was\\nnot strengthened by the appearance of the bodies of Indians on the\\ncoast of Europe, even as the fact of the existence of a people in\\nthe interior led the French explorers into the very heart of the\\ncontinent in later days. From this standpoint their services can\\nnot be over-estimated. Their existence is embraced in the plan of\\nthe Divinity for his government of the world; and it will not be a\\nmatter of surprise to learn that the same intelligence which sent a\\nthrill of liberty through every nerve of the Republic will, in the\\nnear future, devise some method under which the remnant of a\\ngreat and ancient race may taste the sweets of public sympathy,\\nand feel that, after a long season of suffering, they have at last\\nfound a shelter amid a sympathizing people, vf\\nEARLY EXPLORERS.\\nAmong such a people did the Jesuit fathers Claude Allouez\\nand Claude Dablon venture in 1665; Father Jacques Marquette\\nand Louis Joliet in 1668, and the hundred missionaries who fol-\\nlowed after them. Many of those zealous men visited the lodges\\nof the Saginaws while yet the spirit of Pontiac was living and\\nbreathing death to the pale-face; but the very warriors who went\\nforth in 1762 to aid the great Indian chieftain in his proposed", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 117\\ncapture of the English garrison of Detroit were among the first to\\nbid the Frenchmen welcome to the valley of the Saginaw, as also\\nto go to the aid of La Balme in 1780, when he marched against\\nthe English position at Detroit.\\nAbout the year 1520 the Chippewas gained possession of this\\ndistrict, when the massacre of Skull Island resulted in almost the\\ntotal annihilation of the original possessors, the Sauks. The story\\nof this massacre is thus related by William McCormick:\\nBATTLE OF SKULL ISLAND.\\nOn nearly all the tributaries can be found mounds filled with\\nhuman bones, which I have opened for my own satisfaction, and\\nfound them lying in all directions, showing they were thrown\\ntogether without any regularity, upon which I became satisfied\\nthey were killed in battle. This awakened in me a curiosity to\\nfind out what people they were, and where and what had become\\nof them. I often questioned the Indians in regard to it, but they\\nwould invariably say that there were two or three very old Indians\\nliving on the bay that could tell me all about it, giving me their\\nnames. Accordingly, in one of my journeys to the bay I sought\\nout the Indians in question. I think this was in 1834. I found\\nhim a very old man, and asked him his age. He said he thought\\nhe was a great deal over 100 years. His faculties were as bright\\nas a man of 50. I told him I understood he could give me the\\ntradition of his race. He replied he could, as it was handed down\\nto him by his grandfather, who he said was older than he was now\\nwhen he told him. For fear I would not get it correct I called to*\\nmy aid an educated man who was part Indian, Peter Grewett, a\\nman well known by the early settlers as an Indian trader, and is\\nstill living, I believe, in Gratiot county, and has spent his life\\nwith the Indians, in the fur trade, and was for many years in\\nthe employment of the American Fur Company.\\nThe old Indian, Puttasamine by name, commenced as follows:\\nHe said the Sauks occupied the whole of the Saginaw river and\\nits tributaries, extending from Thunder Bay on the north to the\\nhead of the Shiawassee on the south, and from Lake Michigan on?\\nthe west to Detroit on the east. The balance of Michigan was\\noccupied by the Pottawatomies, and the Lake Superior country was\\noccupied by the Chippewas and Ottawas, while the Monomonies\\nwere at the head of Green Bay in Wisconsin, and another tribe\\nwest of the Mississippi which he called Sows. The main village\\nof the Sauks stood on the west side of the Saginaw river, just below\\nwhere the residence of Mr. Frank Fitzhugh now is, and opposite\\nthe mill of the Hon. N. B. Bradley. The Sauks were always at war\\nwith their Chippewa neighbors on the north and the Pottawatomies\\non the south, and also with other nations in Canada, until at last\\na council was called, consisting of the Chippewas, Pottawatomies,\\nMonomonies, Ottawas, and Six Nations of New York. At an\\nappointed time they all met at the Island of Mackinaw, where they", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "118 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nfitted out a large army and started in bark canoes, and came down\\nthe west shore of Lake Huron. They then stole along the west\\nshore of Saginaw Bay by night, and lay concealed during the day,\\nuntil they arrived at a place called Petobegong, about ten miles\\nfrom the mouth of the Saginaw. Here they landed part of their\\narmy, while the rest crossed the bay and landed to the east of the\\nmouth of the Saginaw river in the night. I n the morning both\\narmies started up the river, one on each side, so as to attack both\\nvillages at once. The army on the west side attacked the main\\nvillage first by surprise, and massacred nearly all; the balance\\nretreated across the river to another village, which stood near\\nwhere the court-house now stands, near the ferry, in Portsmouth.\\nAt this time that part of the army that had landed on the east side\\nof the river came up, and a desperate battle ensued in the vicinity\\nof the residence of William R. McOormick, that being the highest\\nland, and where they had attempted to fortify themselves; and at\\nthe present time, by digging in this hill, you will find it full of\\nhuman bones which were killed in that battle. Here they were\\nagain defeated. They then crossed the river and retreated to\\nSkull Island, which is the next island above what is now Stone s\\nIsland. Here they considered themselves safe, as their enemies\\nhad no canoes and they could not fortify themselves. But the next\\nnight after their retreat to the island the ice froze thick enough for\\nthe allies to cross, which they did, when another massacre ensued;\\nhere they were all exterminated with the exception of 12 females.\\nSince that time this island has been known as Skull Island,\\nfrom the number of skulls found on it in after years. The allies\\nthen divided, some going up the Cass, some up the Flint, others\\nup the Shiawassee, Tittabawassee, and so on, where there were\\ndifferent bands located. But the largest battles were fought on\\nthe Flint on the bluft.\\nAnother Indian traditionist says another reinforcement met\\nthem here, coming through Detroit. Here there is a large number\\n-of mounds filled with bones, which can be seen at the present\\nday. They then came down the river and fought another battle\\non the bluff, about a mile from the present village of Flushing, on\\nthe farm formerly owned by a Mr. Bailey. Here there is also a\\nlarge number of mounds yet to be seen; and, if you should dig\\nthem open as I have, you will find them filled with human bones.\\nThe next battle was fought about 16 miles from Flushing, on\\nthe farm formerly occupied by the late James McCormick. There\\nwere sevei al battles fought on the Cass, at what is now called the\\nBend, or Bridgeport Center, where there was a fortification of\\nearthwork which was plainly to be seen 35 years ago. The next\\nimportant battle was fought on the Tittabawassee just above the\\nfarm on which the late James Fraser first settled when he came to\\nthe Saginaw Valley. This differs from the rest, as the remains of\\nthe slain were all buried in one mound, and it is a very large one.\\nAfter the extermination of the whole nation, with the exception\\nof the 12 females before spoken of, a council of the allies was then", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 11\u00c2\u00a3\\nheld, to know what should be done with them. Some were for\\ntorturing and killing, others for sparing their lives; finally it was\\nagreed that they should be sent west of the Mississippi, and an\\narrangement was made with the Sioux that no tribe should molest\\nthem, and the Sioux should be responsible for their protection,\\nwhich agreement was faithfully kept. The conquered country, of\\nwhich the present Saginaw Valley is a part, was then divided\\namong them all as a common hunting ground. But a great many\\nwho came here to hunt never returned, nor were ever heard of.\\nIt became the opinion of the Indians that the spirits of the dead\\nSauks still haunted their hunting grounds and were killing off\\ntheir hunters, when in fact it was a few Sauks who had escaped\\nthe massacre and still lingered around their hunting grounds,\\nwatching for straggling hunters and killing them whenever an\\nopportunity occurred. Ton-do-gong, an Indian chief who died in\\n1S40, told me he killed a Sauk while hunting when a boy. This-\\nmust have been over 80 years ago, and up to a few years ago the\\nIndians still believed there was a Sauk in the vicinity. They had\\nseen the place where he had made his fires and slept. I have\\nknown them to get together and not hunt for several days, for the\\nreason, they said, there was a Sauk in the woods; they had\\nseen where he had slept. I used to laugh at them, but it was of\\nno avail; you could not make them believe otherwise.\\nk I3ut to go back to the Indian tradition. The country was con-\\nsidered as haunted, and no more Indians came here to hunt,\\nalthough game was abundant, Finally it was converted into what\\nwould be termed among civilized nations a penal colony. Every\\nIndian who committed a crime would flee or be banished to the\\nhaunted hunting grounds (Saginaw Yalley) to escape punishment,\\nfor the Indian laws were more severe and strict then than now.\\nThis was long before we became degraded by coming in contact\\nwith the whites, said the Indian.\\nThe Chippewas becoming the most numerous, finally their\\nlanguage predominated, and at the present time the Indians in the\\nSaginaw Valley do not speak in all respects the same as the Chip-\\npewas on Lake Superior, from which they originally sprung,\\nshowing that the mixing of different nations in the Saginaw Valley\\nhas been the cause of the same. Put-ta-qua-sa-mine said his\\ngrandfather told it to him when he was a boy, which was 90 years\\nbefore, and that it had been handed down to his grandfather from\\nhis ancestors, and was a custom with him to repeat it often to his\\npeople, so the tradition or history should not be lost; and a suc-\\ncessor was always appointed in case the traditionist should die,\\nthat the history of the nation should not be lost, and be handed\\ndown from generation to generation.\\nI have talked with two other old Indians on the same subject,\\nand their tradition is precisely the same, word for word, with one\\nexception. They say the battles on the Flint were fought by the\\narmy coming from Detroit. I have no doubt that the above is a", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "120 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncorrect narrative, as much so as if it had been written at the time\\nand handed down to us as a matter of history.\\nLOCATION OF THE BATTLE-FIELD.\\nAbout 12 miles below Saginaw City is Skull Island, so named\\nby the Indians in consideration that upon it exists an endless\\nquantity of dead heads, which were left here after a great tight,\\nyears long past, between the Chippewas and Sauks, their owners\\nhaving no further use for them, especially after they had passed\\nthrough the hands of a set of hair dressers who took oft skin and\\nhair together. These Indians were queer fellows in their day;\\nand at this battle of Skull Island, which the Chippewas had trav-\\neled many a weary mile to enjoy, they made a general Kilkenny\\ncat fight of it, and as, like Maturin s tragedies, all stabbed and\\neverybody died, except about six on each side, each party of\\nthem retired and celebrated the victory, leaving the field in undis-\\nturbed possession of the skulls, which, having seen the folly of\\nfighting, were willing to lie quiet, friend and foe, cheek by jowl,\\nand compose themselves for a few more years of hunting and\\nfishing, by the glorious expectation of taking a squint at the happy\\nhunting grounds, and the proud consequence of having dedicated\\ntheir respective knowledge-boxes to the christening of about two\\nacres of Bad Island.\\nJust below this locality of warlike memory lies Sag-e-nong, upon\\na high bank on the west side of the river. This is the Saginaw of\\nthe red man, and the only place known to him by that name. The\\nmeaning of the word is the land of Sauks. The place known\\nto white men as Saginaw lies 12 miles or more up the river, and is\\ncalled Ka-pay-shaw-wink, which means the camping ground.\\nHere it was that the tribes living hereabout were wont to\\nassemble, statedly to hold council together, often continuing some\\ndays.\\nTHE WINNEBAGO WAR.\\nDuring the year 1827 a war party of the Winnebagos attacked a\\ncamp of the Chippewas, and succeeded in killing eight warriors.\\nThe Winnebagos engaged in this ruse de guerre were arrested\\nunder authority of the United States, and four of them given up to\\nbe tried by the court of warriors of the Chippewas. The Winne-\\nbagos were of course found guilty and suffered capital punishment.\\nRed Bird, a chief of the Winnebagos and a kinsman of the four\\nbraves who were executed, sought revenge, attacked the Chip-\\npewas, and, being defeated, turned his savage arms on unoffending\\nwhite men, but he and six of his band were soon made to surren-\\nder; three of them were hanged, and the chief with three others\\nplaced in prison, where they died.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 121\\nTHE LEGEND OF THE LONE TREE.\\nThe following legends and descriptions have been collected from\\nmany sources, and relate to history so far as they are character-\\nistic of Indian life:\\nNo person who has ever traversed the valley of the Saginaw but\\nremembers the lone tree, which stood upon the east side of the\\nriver above Portsmouth, isolated upon the prairie, far from its\\nfellows. It looked like some lone misanthrope, who, having\\nbecome disgusted with the vanities and foibles of human nature,\\nhad taken up his abode in the desert, where, far from the busy\\nhaunts of his fellow man, he might pour out his heart s bitterness\\nto the wild winds, and waste his spleen and discontent upon the\\ndesert air. There it stood, majestic in its loneliness, like the\\nlast rose whose companions are gone. A spirit of romance cer-\\ntainly seemed to linger about it; a whisper of the past gently\\nbreathed through its desolate branches, and the question naturally\\narose, Why is it that this tree thus stood alone A greater\\ninterest was imparted to it by the fact of its having been for years\\nthe abode of a white owl, whose dismal whoop fell mournfully\\nupon the ear of night. The Indians had a great reverence for this\\ntree, and also for its occupant, which they believed to be a spirit.\\nThere is a beautiful belief existing among the aborigines of our\\ncountry in regard to a guardian spirit, which they say is often\\nseen, and which appears in the form of a bird, sometimes the\\ndove, sometimes the eagle, but more frequently assuming the form\\nof a night bird, though the disposition of the deceased, while\\nliving, has much to do with the species. For instance, a great\\nwarrior dies whose disposition had been fearless, ambitious and\\nuntamed; his spirit-bird personifies an eagle; a blood-thirsty chief\\ntain s spirit-bird is a hawk. A gentle maiden passes away to the\\nspirit-land, and her friends know that she is hovering near them\\nwhen they hear the mournful notes of the turtle dove at morn or\\neve.\\nA legend, or tradition, concerning the lone tree exists among\\nthe Indians of the Saginaw Valley. Many, many long years\\nbefore the white man s foot had left its impress upon this valley,\\nKe-wah-ke-won ruled his people with love and kindness. He was\\na patriarch among them, and beloved for the gentleness of his man-\\nners and the mildness of his government. He had been a great\\nwarrior in his day, but his youth had departed, and languid pulse\\nand feeble footsteps told, alas! too plainly, that he would soon be\\ntreading the hunting grounds of the Great Spirit. The good old\\nman felt that indeed he was passing away dying and he was\\ndesirous to see once more his tribes in council, and bestow upon\\nthem his last blessing, and impart to them his dying counsel and\\nadmonition. The old chief lay upon his death-bed, and around\\nhim were gathered, in mournful silence, his beloved people, eager\\nto catch the first and last words that should drop from the lips of\\ntheir dying chieftain. It was a mournful and melancholy picture,", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "122 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthat death-bed scene in the wilderness. At length the chief spoke,\\nwhile the fire of his youth seemed to kindle again in his dim eye,\\nand his voice, though weak, was calm and clear:\\nMy children, said he, the Great Spirit has called to me, and\\nI must obey the summons. Already is the hand raised to sever\\nthe last chord that binds me to my children; already my guide\\nstands at the door to convey me to the hunting grounds of my\\nfathers in the spirit-land. You weep, my children, but dry your\\ntears, for though I leave you now, yet will my spirit-bird ever\\nwatch over you. I will whisper to you in the evening breeze, and\\nwhen the morning comes you will know that I have been with you\\nthrough the night. But the Good Spirit beckons for me, and I\\nmust hasten. Let my body be laid in a quiet spot in the prairie,\\nwith my tomahawk and pipe by ray side. You need not fear that\\nthe wolf will disturb my rest, for the Great Spirit, I feel, will place\\na watch* over me. Meet me in the spirit-land, my children. Fare-\\nwell. 1 And the old chief slept the sleep that knows no waking\\ntill the end of time.\\nThey buried him in a lone spot in the prairie, near the beautiful\\nriver, with his face toward the rising sun. His remains were\\nnever disturbed by bird or beast; for it would indeed seem that so\\nthe Great Spirit had ordered it. Time passed on, and a tree arose\\nfrom his grave and spread its branches over it, as if to protect it,\\nand a beautiful white owl took possession of it. The Indians tell\\nus that the lone tree marked the last resting place of Ke-wah-\\nke-won, and that the white owl was the spirit-bird sent to watch\\nover it. The lone tree is no longer seen by the boatman or the\\npasser-by, for vandal hands have cut it down; yet the spot is often\\npointed out upon which it stood, and where sleeps Ke-wah-ke-won,\\nthe beloved of his tribe.\\nINDIAN PAYMENT DAY IN OLD TIMES.\\nThere is a vast difference in the Indian payment day of the\\npresent and that of olden time, lon^- before Saginaw had\\nattained its present importance and standing. The writer of this\\nhad occasion to visit Saginaw City many years ago, at which time\\nhe had an opportunity of attending an Indian payment. About\\ntwelve hundred Indians, of all sorts and sizes, from the toddling\\npappoose to the swarthy niche-nah-va, were assembled together in\\nthe morning, upon the beautiful lawn which gently sloped toward\\nthe river in front of the council house. It would be almost impos-\\nsible to give the reader an idea of the hub-bub and confusion of\\ntongues that prevailed upon the occasion. Aside from the 1,200\\nIndians were a variety of other characters, including the chattering\\nFrenchman, the blarneying Irishman, and the blubbering Dutch-\\nman, all mingling their discordant jargon with that of the vocif-\\nerous Yankee. Groups of Indian boys, some exercising with the\\nbow and arrow, others jumping, running, wrestling, and making\\nthe welkin ring with their noisy merriment, were collected in the", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 123\\nvicinity of their respective tents. The river, too, was covered with\\ncanoes, and here the dusky maid in a more quiet and becoming\\nmanner was enjoying the occasion; and it was really surprising to\\nsee the dexterity and fearlessness with which she managed the\\nlight canoe. A list of all the names of the heads of Indian\\nfamilies, chiefs, etc., was taken by the Indian superintendent,\\neach Indian being entitled to a certain amount. The money to be\\npaid was placed upon a table in the council room, in piles ot $10\\nand $20 each, in American half-dollar pieces. Around the table\\nsat the Indian superintendent, interpreter, clerks, etc. Com-\\nmencing at the top of the list, a crier called off the names, the\\nparties presented themselves, were paid off, and immediately made\\nroom for others. It was amusing to observe the great number of\\nfriends that would gather around the Indian after he received his\\nmoney from the paymaster. Here a trader suddenly recollects\\nsome debt of long standing against Mr. Indian; there a seedy indi-\\nvidual with sad eyes and nasal promontory coleur de pinque, most\\nseductively offering him a drink of river water slightly tinctured\\nwith poor whisky, while one or two dear friends are advising him\\nto look out for sharpers, at the same time intimating that the\\nsuperintendent has been paying off in bogus coin. In the evening,\\nwhile the drinking Indians were rioting and carousing in the town,\\nthe evangelized natives were encamped upon the opposite side of\\nthe river, and the surrounding forest fairly resounded with their\\nloud singing, preaching and praying. Instrumental music, from\\nthe fiddle to the Indian tattoo, might also have been heard arising\\nabove the horrid din.\\nThe scene that presents itself at the Indian payment now-a-days\\nis altogether a different one, at least at Saginaw City. We are\\nhappy to see measures adopted to prevent the sale of intoxicating\\ndrinks to the poor Indian on such occasions. Would to God it\\nmight be prohibited upon all occasions.\\nSENTENCE AND EXECUTION.\\nThe Chippewas and Ottawas inhabiting this section of Michigan\\nwere friendly to each other, and during the hunting seasons fre-\\nquently encamped near each other. In the fall of 1853 a party of\\none tribe built their cabins on the banks of the river, and a\\nparty of the other tribe, about 80 in number, encamped close by.\\nIt is unnecessary to speak of their life in these camps; suffice it to\\nsay that the days were spent in hunting and the nights in drinking\\nfire water and carousing. In one of the revels at the camp a\\nSaginaw Indian, maddened by liquor, killed his squaw, and to\\nconceal the deed threw her body upon the fire.\\nRecovering from the stupor of the revel, he saw that the signs of\\nhis guilt were still before him, and fearing the wrath of his tribe,\\nhe fled toward the other encampment.\\nHis absence was noticed, the charred remains of the poor squaw\\nwere found, and the cry for blood was raised. The avengers were", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "124 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nsoon upon his track, and they pursued him to the encampment of\\ntheir neighbors; he was found, apprehended, and in solemn coun-\\ncil doomed to the death which in the stern old Indian code is\\nreserved for those only who shed the blood of their kin. It was a\\nslow, torturing, cruel death. A hatchet was put in the victim s\\nhand, he was led to a large log that was hollow, and made to assist\\nin fixing it for his coffin. This was done by cutting into it some\\ndistance on the top in two places about the length of a man apart,\\nthen slabbing off, and digging the hollow still larger so as to admit\\nhis body. This done, he was taken back and tied fast to a tree\\nThen they smoked and drank of the lire water, and when even-\\ning came they kindled large fires around him. And now com-\\nmenced the orgies; they drank to intoxication, they danced and\\nsang in their wild Indian manner, chanting the dirge of the\\nrecreant brave. The arrow was titted to the ready bowstring, and\\never and anon with its shrill twang it sent a missile into the quiv-\\nering flesh of the homicide, and to heighten his misery they cut\\noff his ears and nose.\\nAlternately drinking, dancing, beating their rude drums and\\nshooting arrows into the victim, the night passed.\\nThe next day was spent in sleeping and eating, the victim mean-\\nwhile still bound to the tree. What his reflections were we of\\ncourse cannot tell, but he bore his punishment as a warrior should.\\nWhen night closed around it brought his executioners to their\\nwork again. The scene of the first night was re-enacted, and so it\\nwas the next night, and the next and the next, and so on for a\\nweek. Seven long and weary days did he stand there, tortured\\nwith the most cruel torture, before his proud head dropped upon\\nhis breast, and his spirit left his clayey tenement for the hunting\\ngrounds of the Great Spirit. And when it did they took the body,\\nwrapped it in a new clean blanket, and placed it in the log coffin\\nhe had helped to hollow. They put his hunting knife by his side\\nthat he might have something to defend himself on the way; his\\nwhisky bottle, that he might cheer his spirits with a draught now\\nand then, and his tobacco pipe that he might smoke. Then they\\nput on the cover, drove down stakes each side of the log, and filled\\nup between them with logs and brush. The murdered squaw was\\navenged. The camp was broken up, and the old stillness and\\nquiet once more reigned over the forest spot where was consum-\\nmated this signal act of retributive justice.\\nTHE WHITE CAPTIVES.\\nAbout the year 1820 David Henderson was sent by Gen. Cass\\ninto the valley to work for the Indians. Having been there a\\nshort time he left for Detroit on business, his family remaining at\\nSaginaw until his return. During Henderson s absence Kish-kau-ko\\ntook his family captives and made known his intention to kill them.\\nJacob Smith, of Flint, hearing of the capture and threat, mounted his\\nhorse, and came with all possible speed to Saginaw. Hastening", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 125\\nto the old chief, he demanded to know of him what were his de-\\nsigns regarding the wife and children of Henderson. I am\\ngoing to Kill them, answered the chief. What! said Smith,\\nwill you kill those little children, who have never done you or\\nany other one any harm? nervously the chief replied, Take\\nthem away quick. But, said Smith, it is of no use for me to\\ntake the woman and her children through the woods. I shall\\nmeet some other Indians, and they will take them away from me\\nand kill them. You must give me some men to go with me to\\nDetroit. The chief gave him six men who went through with\\nthe party to Detroit, where the Indians were taken prisoners and\\nconfined in the fort; but through the influence of Smith they were\\nreleased, supplied bountifully with rations, and sent in charge of\\na file of men beyond the reach of danger from the white settlers\\nnear the fort, then greatly exasperated on account of recent Indian\\noutrages.\\nOK-E-MAW-KE-KE-TO AND THE FACTOR.\\nEleazer Jewett, while in charge of the Fur Company s post at\\nthe Forks, was threatened by the Indians with death if he would\\ncontinue doing business at the post for the company. He treated\\nthe menace lightly, never dreaming that the chiefs and warriors of\\nthe tribe, against whom he never raised a hand would venture to\\ncarry out the threat. Their earnestness took practical shape, how-\\never. One day the Factor saw about 120 Indians approaching the\\nlog house, marching in Indian file along the trail, which led thither,\\nthrough the snow. The warriors were adorned in that peculiarly\\ngrotesque style that bespeaks war. The inhabitant of the post,\\nundaunted, went to the door, offered presents of tobacco to the\\nchief, which were spurned, and being well enough conversant with\\nIndian custom to realize the danger of his position, he fell back for\\nshelter, closed the door, bolted it, and flew to one of the embrasures\\nto give battle. Here he was aided by a half-breed assistant, who\\nhad a number of rifles ready. Before he fired a shot 100\\ntomahawks were buried in the door, which he had just closed\\nagainst the invaders. Now the decisive moment arrived; he fired\\nover the heads of the savages; again sent some buck-shot into the\\nbodies of a few of them, and continued to proceed thus until the\\nchief ordered his force to retire. This old warrior was named\\nO-ke-maw-ke-ke-to. He was always known to esteem and applaud\\ntrue bravery, and on this occasion he saw enough to convince him\\nthat the new master of the trading-post was no coward; that his\\nconsciousness of innocence was his greatest power, and relying\\nupon his right to stay there, he was prepared to give battle to\\nall comers.\\nNext day O-ke-maw-ke-ke-to visited the post alone. Mr. Jewett\\ngave him a dish of houilli, which was, evidently, much apprecia-\\nted. His visit was repeated, and a similar reception accorded to\\nhim. On the third day he came, took a dish of the favorite soup,", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "126 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nand afterward addressed Mr. Jewett for the first time. Friend,\\nsaid he, I did what was wrong in seeking your life, but now it\\nis all over and you and I are friends forever. For long years\\nafter this event O-ke-maw-ke-ke-to made full amends for all the\\ntroubles he caused this early settler at the beginning of his career\\namong the Indians. The Indian s friendship was so sincere that\\nhe transacted all the business for the trader among his band more\\neconomically, perhaps, than himself could do it. After his return\\nfrom Washington in 1837, the old chief whiled away days in Mr.\\nJewett s society, telling him of all he had seen, and the great\\nfathers he had met.\\nWAH-BE-MAN-I-TO.\\nThe Williams family arrived at Saginaw in 1828. Reaume was\\nagent for the American Fur Company at that point. He and\\nMessrs. Campau had personal difficulties of long standing, which\\nhad become an inveterate feud, creating unprofitable divisions\\nwith the Indians, amounting with them to fierce partisan hatred.\\nThe current was turned against Reaume, and his personal safety\\nbecoming endangered, his store was kept closed too much of the\\ntime for him to continue a profitable agent for the company at\\nthat post. Judge Abbott, the company s superintendent at Detroit,\\nselected Messrs. Willliams as the successors of Reaume, who came\\non as before detailed, and became the owners of his interests at\\nSaginaw City, and also the Little Fork of the Tittabawassee (Mid-\\nland City), where he had another post. Dequindre, an active\\nyoung Frenchman, had been his sub-agent, until a vicious Indian\\nnamed Wah-be-man-i-to, or White Devil, forcibly took possession\\nof the post, driving out the sub-agent, who fled for his life, for\\nseveral days roaming about, lost in the woods, and untimately\\ncoming into Saginaw City with his feet frozen. TheCampaus had\\na rival post at the same place, and by the abandonment of the\\nother the valuable trade of the Tittabawassee was left wholly in\\ntheir hands. The winter after Mr. E. S. Williams had established\\nhimself at Saginaw City, he was deputed to take stores to that\\npoint and re-open the trading-house. He chose for his assistants\\nJacob Graveradt and the two younger Roys. Prudent friends\\nendeavored to persuade him not to embark in an enterprise so\\nevidently fraught with danger, but the company s interests required\\nthe venture, and he soon with his assistants presented himself at.\\nthe post. A short time only elapsed before Wah-be-man-i-to\\nresumed his attitude of hostility. He was on his way with his outfit to\\nthe trapping ground, somewhat in liquor. He stopped at the door\\nof the trading post, and with an insolent and defiant bearing, which\\na half-drunken Indian only can assume, demanded liquor. Mish-\\nsha-way (Mr. Williams name, meaning Big Elk), u give me\\nwhisky. It was refused. He placed his hand upon the handle\\nof his tomahawk, and repeated the demand more fiercely than at\\nfirst, and was met by another refusal as defiant as the last demand.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 127\\nHo sprang for Mr. Williams with his tomahawk upraised and\\naimed a blow at him which, if it had not been dexteriously avoided\\nwould doubtless have proved fatal. With a well seasoned hickory\\nclub Mr. Williams defended himself, knocking his assailant down\\nand being about to repeat the blow, the discomfited hero begged\\nfor mercy. After getting upon his feet and recovering from the\\nstunning effects of the blow, he walked out of thet rading-house and\\nsat down in front of it, in apparently deep thought. He soon after\\ncalled to Mr. Williams and expressed great mortification at the out-\\nrage he had attempted; and to confirm his sincerity, promised that his\\nnext furs he would bring to his new friend Williams. He kept\\nhis promise faithfully, and became the fast friend of the man at\\nwhom only an hour previously he had aimed a deadly blow.\\nThe Messrs. Williams soon after bought out the trading post of\\nAntoine Campau, who had, as before stated succeeded to his\\nbrother Louis, which quieted the dangerous spirit of rivalry that\\nhad already culminated in some serious affrays between the Indians\\nand others who had become parties to the feud.\\nAmong- other agents who had residences, at different times, at\\nSaginaw, were Sherman Stevens, the father of the distinguished\\nactress. Miss Sara Stevens, who has achieved in the drama no\\nordinary position. To considerable solid acquirement he united\\na view of romance and sentiment which made him at that time a\\ngenial companion and a rare social acquisition to the limited\\nsociety of Saginaw. He was master of the Chippewa dialect and\\nspoke the language fluently.\\nArchie Lyons was another trustworthy agent of Messrs. Will-\\niams, whose history is identified with the Saginaw Valley prior\\nto the treaty. He was a fine penman, well educated and a musi-\\ncian of no little skill. He was located at the Little Forks of the\\nTittabawassee (Midland City), and in coming down from that point,\\non the ice, upon skates, for the purpose of playing the violin for a\\ndancing party at Saginaw City, he was drowned.\\nThe Messrs. Williams had another agent, Mejeau, an Indian of\\nquarter blood, an accurate clerk, although he could neither read\\nnor write. Thousands of dollars passed through his hands yearly.\\nHis mode of keeping accounts was the same as that usually\\nadopted among the agents. A straight mark symbolized one\\ndollar; one a muskrat or a quarter of a dollar; two O s a half\\ndollar. Instead of the name of the Indian his totem was drawn\\nupon the book and prefixed to his accounts. ()-ge-maw-ke-ke-to s\\ntotem was a long fish, a spotted pickerel, which he made with\\nsome skill; another s was a beaver, another s a bear, etc.\\nJudge G. D. Williams died at his homestead at Saginaw City,\\non the 11th day of December A. D. 1858, beloved and mourned.\\nHis brother, Mr. E. S. Williams, is still living, at Windsor,\\nopposite Detroit, with his constitution unimpaired by his early\\nborder life, and a strength of muscle still intact, that would make\\nany Wah-be-man-i-to tremble in an encounter.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "128 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nKISH-KAW-KO AND THE SOLDIERS.\\nThe troops while stationed at Saginaw City, or where it now\\nstands, suffered many privations and inconveniences, besides the\\npetty annoyances and insults to which they were continually\\nsubjected by the Indians, who looked upon them as trespassers,\\nnot daring, however, to make any advances toward hostility; for\\nthey knew full well that the troops were prepared to meet anything\\nof that nature with promptness and dispatch. Still, the red-\\nskins lost no opportunity in reminding them that they (the troops)\\nwere not at home, but upon grounds claimed by others than them-\\nselves. There was one chief in particular, whose wigwam was\\nnearly under cover of the fort, who was exceedingly annoying at\\nleast to the soldiers, but more particularly to the sentry; for every\\nnight, as he, on his accustomed round, would give the hour with\\nthe usual all s well, this rascally chief would mockingly reiter-\\nate the watchword together with a taunting shout and whoop, mak-\\ning the very welkin ring and startling the inmates of the fort, who\\nnot infrequently imagined, upon being so unceremoniously awak-\\nened, that an attack was at hand. The scamp had repeated this\\na number of times, and our men determined to punish him a little,\\nand at the same time enjoy some sport at his expense. Accord-\\ningly, they loaded an old swivel to the muzzle, with grape and can-\\nister, and mounted it upon the pickets, pointing it in the direction\\nof the old copper-colored gentleman s wigwam, in such a position,\\nhowever, that the shot would merely rattle over his head, with no\\nother effect than that of frightening him into silence, if nothing\\nelse. Night came at last and all around was still; not even a\\nleaf stirred, and the heavy tramp of the sentinel as he paced with\\nmeasured tread his accustomed round, and the distant howl of the\\nhungry wolf alone were heard. The men were lying quietly be-\\nhind the gun, though by no means asleep, while a match was ready\\nto apply at the signal, which, by the way, the old chief himself\\nwas unwittingly to give. Hour after hour glided silently by, and\\n12 o clock came, the hour usually selected by Copper Face for his\\necho. Twelve o clock, all s well, sang out the sentry. All\\nwell, echoed the Indian, Ke-whoop-ke-kee-who-whoop, making\\nthe same time a grand nourish after the war style of his fore-\\nfathers T e-ye-ye-yeep-ke-who At this instant a bright\\ngleam of fire shot from the walls of the fort, accompanied by a re-\\nport so loud, so deafening, that the very stars shut their eyes, the\\nmoon hid behind a cloud, and the ground and buildings shook\\nwith the concussion, while the grape and canister rattled fearfully\\nover the wigwam and helter-skelter through the branches of\\nthe trees overhanging it. The old chief thought his time had in-\\ndeed come, and called lustily for all the gods in his unlettered vo-\\ncabulary and medicine men of the nation to save him. After this\\nsalutary rebuke, no niche in the tribe was more courteous or defer-\\nential to the troops than this same Indian. Perhaps he thought it", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 129\\nadvisable to keep on good terms with beings who repaid insult\\nwith thunder, lightning and iron hail.\\nTHE INDIAN MURDERER.\\nIn April, 1825, Kish-kaw-ko killed an Indian in Detroit, in the\\npresence of Uncle Harvey Williams, on Water street near the cen-\\nter of the present depot of the D. M. R. R. The dead Indian\\nwas taken to Harvey Williams blacksmith shop, an inquest was\\nheld by Coronor Benjamin Woodworth, while Kish-kaw-ko and\\nhis son were conveyed to the fort. The jury found the Indian\\nguilty; but the criminal drank the hemlock in his prison and died\\nbefore a trial could be had. His son, who was no party to the\\ndeed, escaped.\\nOKEMOS, OR OKIMA.\\nFor an account of this celebrated Indian see page 56. Durino-\\nthe treaty negotiation at Saginaw he was one of the most pro-\\nnounced supporters of the motion to accept it.\\nNEH-WAY-GO.\\nIn the history of the Chippewa Indians there cannot, perhaps, be\\nfound a character so magnificently stoic, or so rashly courageous\\nas he whose name heads this notice. He was as gentle as a lamb\\nwhen stroked, but the moment he encountered opposition, he be-\\ncame at once a fierce savage and remained one until those who op-\\nposed his speech or interests fell. W. R. McCormick, in referring\\nto this Indian warrior, says:\\nFor the particulars of the following tragic story I am indebted\\nto Hon. E. S. Williams. It occurred while he was trading with\\nthe Indians at Saginaw, some time before De Tocqueville s visit\\nand about two years before I came to the Saginaw Valley. The\\nevent was witnessed by Messrs. Williams, Judge Jewett, Col.\\nStanard and others, and strangely illustrates the peculiarities of\\nfrontier life and of the Indian character.\\nNeh- way-go was a young Saginaw brave, living, in his earlier\\nlife, at Green Point, which is at the mouth of the Tittabawassee\\nriver, and in his later years upon the shores of the Saginaw Bay.\\nHe is described as a model of native strength and grace. While\\nliving at the former place he killed a son of Red Bird who lived\\non the Tittabawassee river. The relatives demanded satisfaction,\\nand by Indian laws his life was the forfeit. He presented himself\\nat the chief mourner s wigwam, where the warriors of the family\\nof the deceased had assembled, and informed them that he had\\ncome for them to strike at his heart. He bared his bosom and\\ntook his position for the selected number to pass by him and in-\\nflict the knife wound. They passed and inflicted, as they hoped,\\nthe mortal thrusts. That done, and Indian usage being satisfied,", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "130 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nlie was making the best speed he could with his streaming wounds\\nto his own wigwam, when he was struck in the back by a cowardly In-\\ndian, inflicting a severe stab, but, as it is appears, like the other\\nblows, not fatal. He was yet enabled to reach his own wigwam,\\nsome distance oft, where his young wife was waiting, not expect-\\ning ever to see him alive again. She received him and bound up\\nhis wounds. He was restored after fearful suffering.\\nAfter this event he removed to Kawkawlin, where he remained\\nuntil his wounds were nearly healed. When he came up to*3agi-\\nnaw in a canoe with his wife, to do some trading at the Indian trad-\\ning post of the American Fur Company, which was then operated\\nby G. D. and E. S. Williams, he was not yet able to get out of his\\ncanoe and go to the trading post, which was but a few rods from the\\nriver, without the aid of his paddle to lean upon. B. O. Williams,\\nwho was there at the time, describes him as a walking skeleton.\\nSome Indians were there at the time. They sent word to\\nO-sow-wah-bon s band at Green Point, some two miles distant, that\\nNeli-way-go had arrived at the American Fur Company s trading\\npost. The Messrs. Williams were well aware that if they met\\nthere would be a dreadful tragedy. They therefore placed per-\\nsons to watch whether any Indians came from that direction. It\\nwas not long before O-sow-wah-bon and two Indians were seen ap-\\nproaching, while Neh-way -go was still by his canoe, standing\\non the bank of the river leaning on his paddle. He was told by\\nthe Messrs. Williams to get into the canoe with his family and go\\ndown the river. This he refused to do, saying he was no coward,\\nbut like a brave man patiently awaited the attack. E. S. Williams\\nwent and met O-sow-wah-bon and told him he must go into the\\nstore, as he wanted to see him. After he was inside, the door was\\nclosed and he was told that they knew his business, and that he\\nmust now give up his knives. He reluctantly drew his knife from\\nhis sheath and handed it to B. O. Williams. They asked him if\\nhe had any more, and if so, to give them up or they would search\\nhim. He finally pulled out another which he had concealed down\\nhis back. They then asked him if he had any more; he said No,\\nwhen E. S. Williams said he would have to search him, which he\\nrefused to submit to. Mr. Williams clinched him, and with the\\nassistance ofB. O. Williams, now of Owosso, and some others,\\nafter a severe struggle, as O-sow-wah-bon was a very powerful man,\\nthey threw him on the floor. While B. O. Williams and some\\nothers were holding him, E. S. Williams commenced the search,\\nand inside the legging they found a large knife, a very formidable\\nweapon and as sharp as a razor. When Mr. Williams drew it\\nfrom his legging he caught it by the blade and refused to give it up;\\nthe result was, before they could wrench it from his grasp, it had\\nnearly severed his hand in two. They then lethimup and dressed\\nhis wound. While this proceeding was going on, B. O. Williams\\nand another person slipped out of the back door and found Neh-\\nway-go still standing on the shore leaning on his paddle, awaiting\\nthe attack, while his wife was sitting in the canoe crying. They", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 133\\ntold him to get into his canoe and be oft which he refused to do,\\nrepeating he was no coward. They then took him by main force,\\nput him into the canoe with his wife and shoved it from the shore,\\nand ordered his wife to paddle him home and not to come back\\nagain. He returned to his home on the Kawkawlin, where he\\nsoon after fully recovered from his wounds.\\nFinding the coward afterward upon his hunting ground, who\\nhad inflicted upon him the wound in the back, he visited him\\nsummarily with Indian vengeance death. Soon afterward the\\nIndians were assembled in large numbers at Saginaw at an\\nIndian payment, when an altercation ensued between Black\\nBeaver, an Indian of considerable note, and the brave ISTeh-way-go.\\nThe former reproached him with the outrage he had committed\\nupon the Indian who had struck him in the back. Neh-way-go\\ndefended the act as just and brave; the reproof was repeated, and\\nupon the instant he slew Black Beaver. This was at the upper\\nend, where the city of East Saginaw stands, near where the upper\\nbridge crosses the river in the vicinity of the old Curtis-Emerson\\nmill. Black Beaver and his band were here encamped. On the\\nwest side of the river, on the open plain near where the residence\\nof E. J. Ring now stands, Neh-way-go and his band were\\nencamped.\\nAfter the bloody deed Neli-way-go crossed over to the west\\nside of the river amongst his own people. A warrant was at once\\nissued by Colonel Stanard for his arrest, acting as Justice. Neh-\\nway-go fled back to the east side of the river, and accompanied by\\na friend, secreted himself in the woods upon what is now the site\\nof the city of East Saginaw. He preferred to trust himself on the\\nsame side of the river with the tribe whose leading warrior he had\\nstricken down than to endure the mortification of arrest and pun-\\nishment of the white man s laws. He sent word to two of his\\nwhite friends, Antoine Campau and Ephraim S. Williams, desiring\\nthem to cross the river and come to the woods in which he was\\nsecreted, when by giving a signal he would come to them. They\\ndid so and he soon made his appearance. He informed them that\\nhe had sent for them for advice; that the white man s punishment\\n(imprisonment) was only fit for cowards; death by the hands of\\nhis own race was glorious in comparison, if any relative of Black\\nBeaver should choose to make it a cause for vengeance. They\\nadvised him to cross back to his own camp, present himself to his\\npeople, and let the affair take the course warranted by Indian\\nusage. The arrest by the officer was waived and he presented\\nhimself at his own camp openly.\\nThe hour for the burial of Black Beaver arrived. An\\nimmense number of Indians, from two to three thousand, were\\npresent, as it was Indian payment at Saginaw at the time, as\\nmourners and spectators. The place of burial was just below the\\nold Campau house on the brow of the hill, west of where A. W.\\nWright s planing mill now stands and near where Neh-way-go and\\nhis band were encamped. The body had been placed in the coffin.\\n9", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "134 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe relatives with their faces streaked with black had gathered\\nabout it. The few white settlers then in the valley were all there\\nas spectators. The fearful outrage so near their own doors had\\nabsorbed and engrossed the attention of all.\\nWhile the solemn Indian rite was in progress over the\\nremains of their favorite warrior, Neh-way-go was seen approach-\\ning from his camping ground. He was dressed in full and carefi.l\\ncostume, tomahawk and knife in his girdle and a small canteen of\\nwhisky at his side, his whole appearance imposing and gallant.\\nHe made his way with a lofty and majestic step to the center of the\\nmourning group. Walking with measured step to the side of the\\ncoffin, he placed upon it his tomahawk and knife. He filled his\\ncalumet with kinakanick, composedly and with dignity. After\\nsmoking from it himself first, he passed it to the chief mourner,\\nwho declined it. He passed it to the next, and the next, with the\\nsame result. He passed his canteen of whisky with the same\\nformality, and with the same result. They declined to partake.\\nHe then undid the collar of his hunting shirt, and bared his\\nbosom, seating himself with calm dignity upon the foot of the\\ncoffin. He turned his face full upon the chief mourners, and\\nthus addressed them: You refuse my pipe of peace. You refuse\\nto drink with me. Strike not in the back. Strike not and miss.\\nThe man that does dies when I meet him on our hunting ground.\\nNot a hand was raised. Upon the dark and stoical faces of that\\ncloud of enemies by whom he was surrounded, no feeling found\\nexpression except that of awe; no muscle moved. He arose from\\nhis seat on the foot of the coffin, and towering to his full, fine\\nheight, exclaimed: Cowards! Cowards! Cowards! As com-\\nposedly as he had taken them out, he restored, unmolested, the\\ntomahawk and knife to his girdle, and with his canteen at his side,\\nwalked away from the strange scene as lordly as he came. He\\nhad awed his enemies, and was evidently master of the situation.\\nRemoving soon after to the bay shore away from the scene of his\\nearly feuds and fearful exploits, he fell ultimately upon the hunt-\\ning ground in a personal encounter with a relative of one of his\\nvictims.\\no-saw-wah-pon.\\nThis chief of the Saginaws was born in the Indian camp which\\nonce occupied the site of Saginaw City. His birth took place in\\n1798. It is said that his mother s name was the almost unpro-\\nnounceable Ke-ne-wah-nah-ah-no-quay, and that the name which\\nshe bestowed upon the infant savage, was Kay-pay-yon-quod.\\nWhile bearing this extraordinary title he was generally ill, and,\\nbelieving that its change would lead to good results, he cast it\\naside in regular Indian form and adopted that of his father, O-saw-\\nwah-pon. He was very much attached to General Cass, and, on\\nhis account, principally, used his great oratorical powers in\\ndefense of the American. It is even said that he urged Tecumseh", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 135\\nto desist from his purpose of opposing the Government. He died\\nin Isabella county early in 1859, and was buried with all the cere-\\nmony attendant on the Indian funeral.\\nMACOSE.\\nMacose was an English half-breed. Notwithstanding his savage\\nassociations, he retained that habit, peculiar to his parent on the\\none side, of sounding the II where it should not be heard, and\\nof dropping it where it should be heard. On this account his lan-\\nguage was amusing to the American pioneers, even as it resulted\\nunprofitably to himself. The people whom he met told him he\\nwas an Englishman; he became convinced of the fact, and as soon\\nas he did, he determined to take unto himself the dusky Indian\\ngirl, the daughter of the great chief Oge mawkeketo. The half-\\nbreed and his full-blood better half proceeded to England, where\\nthe poor girl died after the fashion of the sympathetic Pocahontas.\\nWhat the end of the great Macose was is uncertain. If it were\\nno better than his life among the wilderness of the Peninsula, it\\nmust be poor indeed.\\nMIZ-CO-BE-NA-SA\\nor Red Bird, was the hereditary chief of the Indians of the Chip-\\npewas. Owing to his quiet disposition and his age, he permitted\\nthe duties of his position to devolve on Okemawkeketo, even as\\nthe latter invested the grotesque Tonadogamaw with similar\\npowers subsequently. Old Miz-co was a lazy Indian for many\\nyears previous to his death, the heroic achievements of his earlier\\nyears were forgotten, and he sank to a most degraded position\\namong the people who once called him chief.\\nSINNENCE, THE WAR CHIEF.\\nThis warrior lived at the Indian Mills on the Chippewa river in\\nIsabella county. He was very popular among the Chippewas, and\\nwas always received with honors by the Indians of the Ottawa and\\nPottawatomie tribes. The village now known as Sinnence was\\nnamed after him.\\nTO-NA-DOG-A-NAW\\nwas the head chief of the Chippewa nation. This honor belonged\\nto him on account of his great powers of debate, acute understand-\\ning and great prowess in the hunt. He was ugly in every sense.\\nHe wore only a hunting shirt from April to September, and this\\nhung looselv from a hunch-back, which won for him the name\\nRichard III.\\nO KE-MAW-KE-KE-TO.\\nOke-maw-ke-ke-to was not chief by hereditary title; but aware of\\nthe high order of his accomplishments, his brother Indians con-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "136 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nferred on him the title and privileges which belonged to Miz-co-be-\\nna-sa, who was content to lead as chieftain of a band. It is said\\nthat both the hereditary and de-facto rulers were savages of most\\nnoble parts, requiting justice with a lasting friendship for its dis-\\npenser, and punishing treachery with instant death.\\nMA-SAY-NOS,\\nthe hermit Indian, was another of the strange beings inhabiting\\nthe country in pioneer times. Like the hart-broken gentleman\\nreferred to in the marriage record, his girl went back on him,\\nand he ever afterward led a life of retirement, seldom speaking\\nto the Indians or the traders. There are very few Indians of that\\nclass now-a-days.\\nNAW-QWA-CHIC-A-MING.\\nNaw-qwa-chic-a-ming was made one of the chiefs of his tribe on\\nthe death of his father, since which time he was constituted head\\nchief of the Chippewas. He was well and favorably known to all\\nthe early white settlers in the Saginaw Yalley. His honesty and\\nfriendship have been proven in numberless instances. Naw-qwa-\\nchic-a-ming, Okemaw-ke-ke-to, Shaw-e-be-no-se, Wosso, To-na-dog-\\na-naw and Mozhe-ga-shing, with Henry Connor, Gardner D.\\nWilliams, Capt. J. F. Marsac, Charles H. Rodd and Benj. O.\\nWilliams visited Washington in 1830 for the purpose of carrying\\nout the sale referred to in the treaty of that year. The subject of\\nthis sketch departed this life for the happy hunting grounds\\nOct. 26, 1871, at a remarkably advanced age.\\nSHAW-WE-NOS-SE-GA.\\nThis Indian was known to the white settlers from his boyhood.\\nAt a very early age he took a place among the warriors of his\\ntribe as a great hunter, and in after years, when the new settlers\\noffered a bounty for wolf scalps, Shaw-we-nos-se-ga was among the\\nprincipal holders of bounty certificates. As late as 1857 he pro-\\nduced 12 wolf certificates before the supervisors board, when one\\nof the local law-makers wrote the following poetical tribute:\\nShaw-we-nos-se-ga! is not thy name\\nFeared by the beasts that scour the plains?\\nIs not their fearful howling mute\\nWhen on the fleet, wild deer s pursuit?\\nShaw-we-nos-se-ga, hath not thy care\\nSearched out the depth of the wild-woods lair,\\nAnd in the deep and wild recess\\nDealt out the fearful blow of death\\nShaw-we-nos-se-ga, hath not thy hand\\nLaid low full twelve of the fearful clan\\nAnd scatt red wide the wild woods through,\\nThe remnant of the fearful crew?\\nShaw-we-nos-se-ga has reverence past", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF 8AGINAW COUNTY. 13T\\nFrom the fearful howl on the forest blast\\nCanst thou no longer in friendship roam\\nWith the howling wolf around thy home?\\nSliaw wenos-se-ga, in reverence wide,\\nThy father oft the wolf espied.\\nBut thou hast thrown the veil aside\\nThat long was reverenced by thy tribe\\nShaw-we-nos-s --ga, dost thou not fear\\nThe spirit- of thy fathers near?\\nDo they not whisper to thy soul\\nTo stay thy hand from death s control?\\nShaw-we-nos-se-ga, the wild wolf dread\\nWhere to the wild woods haunts hath fled,\\nThe white man wish you pleasure there,\\nWithin a clime serenely fair;\\nWhere soft winds murmur in sweet repose,\\nLike twilight hour at evening s close;\\nWhen springtime s warm and genial breath\\nOver the southern landscape rests.\\nBRIEFER MENTION.\\ni\\nMuck-a-ko-kooh, a hunchback, known to the early settlers as\\nRichard III, tailed to kill his father. He was one of the most\\nsavage of his race, yet at times so peaceable that he would actu-\\nally follow agricultural pursuits. He died in 1869.\\nSog-e-che-way-o-sway, of Pe-waw-ne-go-ing (now the township of\\nTayriiouth), the predecessor of Elijah H. Pitcher, died in 1865.\\nHe was present at the ratification of a treaty in 1864, within the\\nstore of P. C. Andre.\\nOtawas, chief of the Tawas band, had two sons, one of whom\\nmarried a lady who, afterward became school-teacher.\\nM uck-u-ta-me-shay-way, or Black Elk, was said to have been the\\nfinest Indian of the tribe, though Beau Temps, a Cass river\\nIndian, is said to have been the truest specimen of Indian man-\\nhood.\\nNotawa was one of the oldest chiefs of Cass river. He died\\nabout 1850.\\nKen-e-wap, one of the greatest elk hunters on the Cass, died\\n23 years ago.\\nClub-auk lived on the Crow Reserve, five miles below Saginaw\\nCity, on the east side of the river, for whom a reservation of 640\\nacres, including a small island in the river, was made in 1832,\\nunder article of treaty. He sold to G. D. E. S. Williams,\\nand removed to Canada, where he died.\\nPay-mah-se-gey, chief of the Pine river band, died in 1856. He\\nwas considered a good man.\\nSaw-waw-mic was a celebrated hunter of the Chippewas, for-\\nmerly from Sibi-way-ink; lived six miles east of East Saginaw. He\\nwas known to run down a bear or deer and fight to the death.\\nWhen he was to draw his annuity he would look at the money\\nscornfully and fling it in the river.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "138 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nA SUMMER VISIT TO THE INDIAN CAMP.\\nA visitor to the Indian camp at Green Point gave the following\\ndescription of his journey thither, as well as of what he saw there\\nDuring the sojourn of the Indians ar, Green Point it was cer-\\ntainly worth one s while to pay them a visit. I remember one fine\\nafternoon, some ten years since, of accompanying an old Indian\\ntrader there, while it was in full possession of the Indians (1847).\\nSeated in a light canoe and each armed with a paddle, we started\\nfrom Saginaw City for the ostensible purpose of bartering with the\\nIndians for furs, etc. For my part I was perfectly delighted with\\nthe idea, as I never had an opportunity before of seeing the In-\\ndians at home, at least during the summer season, and was also\\nglad to exchange the monotony of a clerk s life for a paddle o er\\nthe bright waters of the beautiful Saginaw. The river was sufficiently\\nagitated to cause our tiny boat to rock dreamily, and as we sped\\nfrom the shore the rich waves leaped and sported against our\\ncanoe s prow and sides, like sportive kittens, ever and anon greet-\\ning our faces with a damp paw, that was by no means unpleasant.\\nOn, on we sped, now under the shadow of the green woods, now\\nby the fringed, rich border of the prairie. We could readily dis-\\ncern in the distance the white tents of the Indians fluttering in the\\nwind, and hear the wild, joyous shouts of the dusky juveniles as\\nthey pursued their uncouth sports and games. As we approached\\ntheir camp what a busy and exhilarating scene presented itself to\\nour view! I clapped my hands in the exuberance of my spirits,\\nfor never before had I witnessed a scene so full of real, unaffected\\nnatural happiness as there greeted my senses. My companion did\\nnot seem to partake of my enthusiasm, for he had often witnessed\\nsimilar scenes. Little Indian boys and girls, resembling so many\\nCupids (in one sense) could be seen; some wrestling, some shoot-\\ning with tiny bows and arrows, some paddling their tiny canoes,\\nwhile others were bathing and splashing in the river, like so many\\namphibia, each striving to excel the others in the manner and\\ndemonstration of its enjoyment. Superannuated Indians and\\nsquaws sat by the tent doors, looking on with a quiet, demure\\npleasure, or arranging some toy or trinket for some little toddler,\\nwhile the more efficient were engaged in various occupations or no\\noccupation at all. Oh, how I longed for an artist s skill, that I\\nmight sketch the wild and picturesque scene! Here, thought I, is\\nhuman nature in its free, untrammeled state. Care, to these chil-\\ndren of nature, seems to be a stranger; no thought of the morrow\\nengrosses their minds, but the world with vicissitudes and vexa-\\ntions, passes along apparently unnoticed by them. Buoyancy of\\nspirit is a striking feature in the Indian character.\\nAs we drew our canoe out upon the beach, the Indians came out to\\nmeet us, with a hearty shake of the hand, and a cordial bon jour. The\\nshady urchins for a while suspended their games and stood with gap-\\ning mouths and suspicious looks, gazing at the Keche-mo-ko-mon, then\\nwith a yelp and a bound returned to their sports, more vociferously", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 139\\nthan ever, their wild cries and shouts merrily ringing over the\\nprairie, and echoing in the green wood beyond. Situated upon the\\ngreenest and most beautiful portion of the camp ground, were a\\nnumber of very white and neat looking tents, which I observed\\nwere closed and entirely isolated from the dingy, smoky tents of\\nthe encampment. My companion, who seemed a sort of privileged\\ncharacter, appeared perfectly at home, while I, considering myself\\namong strangers, clung to him, and followed him wherever he\\nwent, not venturing to throw myself upon my own responsibility.\\nI was therefore pleased when I saw him start toward the white\\ntents, for I was curious to know what they contained. Drawing\\naside the canvas, he entered without ceremony, I of course, follow-\\ning after. Seated upon beautiful mats of colored rushes which\\nserved as carpets and divans, were some three or four good-looking\\nsquaws, very neatly and even richly attired in the fanciful style of\\nthe native, busily engaged in embroidering and ornamenting moc-\\ncasins, broad-cloth leggings and blankets with variegated beads and\\nporcupine quills. Everything around evinced the utmost order,\\nneatness and taste. No bustling nicJiee or dirty urchin was allowed\\nthe freedom of these apparently consecrated tents, but all was quiet\\nand calm within, or if any conversation was carried on, it was in\\nthat soft, musical tone so peculiar to them. So, so, thought I, here\\nwe have a sort of aristocracy, a set of exclusives, and a speci-\\nmen of high life among the natives; yet it was just that kind of\\nhigh life s in many respects, after which their white sisters might\\ntake pattern. No idle gossiping or scandal was indulged in; they\\n?uietlv plied their needles and kept their counsels to themselves,\\nf they had occasion to visit their neighbor s tent it was done\\nquietly and pleasantly, after which business was resumed.\\nThis description is based upon fact. Though the camping ground\\nis now far away from the Saginaw, the Chippewa women of the\\nChurchill river region observe the same custom to-day.\\nTHE EMIGRANTS.\\nThe days having arrived when the aborigines had to leave the\\nshores of the Saginaw, in accordance with the terms of the treaty\\nwhich they accepted, both men and women were overcome with\\nsorrow, and having picked up the varied treasures, seemed to wish\\nthat they could carry with them the very earth upon which they\\ntrod. It was a sad and mournful spectacle to witness those children\\nof the forest slowly retiring from the home of their childhood, that\\ncontained not only their ancestors 1 graves, but also many endear-\\ning scenes, to which their memory would ever recur as sunny spots\\nalong their pathway through the wilderness. They felt they\\nwere bidding farewell to the land of their infancy; to the hunting\\ngrounds of their youth, as well as the stern and bloody fields of\\ntheir riper manhood, where they had contended, on which they\\nhad received wounds, and where many of their friends and relatives\\nhad fallen covered with gore and glory. All these were to be", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "140 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nleft behind to be torn by the plowshare of the white settler. As\\nthey cast mournful glances back toward these loved scenes, that\\nwere rapidly fading in the distance, tears fell from the cheek of the\\ndowncast warrior, old men trembled, matrons wept, the swarthy\\nmaiden s cheek turned pale, and sighs and half suppressed sobs es-\\ncaped from the motley groups as they passed along, some on foot,\\nsome on horseback, some in wagons, sad as a funeral procession.\\nSeveral of the aged warriors were seen to cast glances toward the\\nsky, as if they were imploring aid from the spirits of their departed\\nheroes, who were looking down upon them from the clouds, or\\nfrom the Great Spirit, who would ultimately redress the wrongs of\\nthe red man, whose broken bow had fallen from his hand, and whose\\nsad heart was bleeding within him. Ever and anon one of the\\nparty would start into the brush and break back to the old encamp-\\nment, declaring he would die rather than be banished from his\\ncountry. Thus hundreds returned to the villages of their youth,\\nand years elapsed before many of them could be induced to join\\ntheir tribe in Isabella. Only in 1866 the Indian village and mis-\\nsion, two miles above the mouth of the Kaw-kaw-lin, was vacated,\\nand the Indians and missionaries, acting on the old advice of\\nHorace Greeley, went West, to possess themselves of the new fields\\ngranted them by their white Father at Washington. In 1868 a\\nChippewa village, containing 15 lodges, existed on the banks of\\nCheboygan creek. To-day there are many dwellings in the county,\\nand even those who left long years ago, now would come back in\\nsilence to speak to the survivors of the Kichokowans they first saw\\nin the valley, and take a look at all the wonderful changes that are\\nbeing inaugurated where once stood their simple wigwams.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER II.\\nTHE TREATIES WITH THE SAGINAWS.\\nTHE TREATY OF DETROIT.\\nThe only treaty negotiated in the Territory of Michigan prior to\\n1819 was that of Detroit in 1807, which gave the United States a\\npossessory title to the southeastern portion of the State of Michi-\\ngan as at present constituted. Detroit and the territory adjacent\\nto it became the property of the general Government by right of\\nconquest, strengthened by an article of the treaty of Greenville,\\nmade in 1795. The treaty of 1807 merely bound the aborigines\\nto surrender their hunting grounds south of lattitude 43\u00c2\u00b0 10\\nNorth, and therefore did not comprise the northeastern river re-\\ngion, or deal with that section of the Indian people known as the\\nSaginaws. To this point the attention of the United States Gov-\\nernment was drawn in 1818, and a year later Gov. Lewis Cass was\\ncommissioned to enter the council of that section of the Indian in-\\nhabitants and present the articles of treaty for their acceptance,\\nceding to the United States all the land north of a line drawn\\nthrough the second tier of the northern townships of Oakland,\\nthrough the northern tier of the townships of Livingstone, thence\\nnorth to the head of Thunder Bay river, and northeast to Lake\\nHuron, leaving the six-mile tract along the rivers Detroit and St.\\nClair unnamed.\\nTHE THIRST DANCE BEFORE THE TREATY.\\nA few days before the arrival of Gen. Cass on the great camp-\\ning ground of the tribe, the Indians of the Chippewa nation re-\\nsolved upon performing the ceremonies peculiar to their great\\nfeasts. The chief proclaimed a day for holding the white-dog\\nfeast, fixing the commencement of the exercises for Sept. 3, 1819.\\nBands of Indians had encamped there for several weeks preparing\\nfor tire \u00e2\u0096\u00a0festival, which was of a propitiatory as well as penetential\\ncharacter, the peculiarity of the ceremonial being that the dancers\\nshould not eat, drink, or sleep until the proceedings were con-\\ncluded, a period ranging from two to four days.\\nIn order to fully carry out the program, it was necessary to\\nerect a temple. For this purpose 40 or 50 warriors with their\\nsquaws set out on horseback in search of a center pole. This cav-\\nalcade was preceded by the medicine man dressed in an old Brit-\\nish uniform, surmounted with a gaudy head-dress. He carried the\\ntum-tum, a tin pan and a small cane. The former he beat with\\n(141)", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "142 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthe latter, while the chief who traveled close behind him, uttered\\nwild words of incantation and threats, so that the evil spirit would\\nnot enter on their pathway. A tree suitable to the purpose was\\nsoon found and was approached with whoops, yells, cries of joy\\nand tiring of musketry. In a short time it was cut down, and the\\nwarriors ranging themselves along its trunk, attached their lariats\\nand drew it into the camp ground amid shouts of joy. The medi-\\ncine man selected a few warriors to raise the sacred pole; the men\\nso selected performed the duty, while the remainder of the congre-\\ngated Indians prayed to their god to keep off the evil spirit and\\nbless the undertaking. The tent was then pitched. Inside were\\nfour stalls erected, with walls three feet high, two for the male\\nand two for the female dancers, generally young people who had\\nin a moment of imminent danger vowed to perform this service of\\npraise to the Great Spirit if he would only save them.\\nThe medicine man announced everything ready, when the\\ndancers, numbering 40 maids and braves, entered their respective\\nstalls. The latter wore feathers in their scalplocks and otherwise\\ndisplayed a style of costume not yet adopted by the children of\\ncivilization. They had nothing on but a coat of paint. Some of\\nthem were frescoed gorgeously and tastefully, while others, prob-\\nably the married men and philosophers, put on their favorite colors\\nhideously and carelessly as if they cared not whether the girls\\nsmiled on or spurned them. The squaws, however, had completed\\ntheir varied toilets with much care. They moved about among the\\nbraves with perfect indifference and gave no sign that the airiness\\nof the warriors 1 dress offended them in the least. The orchestra,\\ncomposed of half a dozen chiefs with the usual tum-tum apparatus,\\ntook its place shortly before midnight on Sept. 3, and to their mu-\\nsic, the grunting of the medicine man, singers and head men, with\\na wild song by the dancers, the ceremonies commenced. Each\\ndancer was provided with a whistle, made from the wing bone of a\\ngoose, ornamented with feathers and colors. As they jumped\\nabout they sounded shrill notes on these musical instruments,\\nwhich, blended with the whoops, grunts, yells and monotonous\\ntum-tum of the drums, fell upon the civilized ear with startling\\neffect. Hour after hour the dance was kept up, the only intermis-\\nsion being at the will of the drummers, who were relieved at inter-\\nvals. At times the surging and noises subsided, when one of the\\nwise men recited tales of heroism for the edification of the young\\ndancers.\\nDuring the day-time the warriors gave sundry exhibitions of\\ntheir powers of endurance. A muscular brave stood unconcerned\\nwhile two chiefs stuck long skewers through the flesh of his shoul-\\nders. The lines of a horse were attached to the skewers, and the\\nwarrior ordered to lead the animal around until the flesh gave way.\\nWith blood streaming down his back and breast, and mingling\\nwith the paint upon his dusky, body, the strong savage walked\\naround for some hours without a murmur. Though the flesh upon\\nhis shoulders tore in the direction of his neck, yet it did not give", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 143\\nway, and the medicine man with much ceremony, unbound the\\nhero, withdrew the skewers and left him at liberty to walk around\\nthe camp in triumph.\\nIn the second trial a young brave was introduced, who allowed\\ntwo skewers to be thrust through the flesh of his breast, to which\\ntwo lariats were attached. These were suspended from the root\\npole of the tent. He then began to swing around the tent as far\\nas the lariat would allow him, throwing his whole weight upon\\nthese raw-hide lines in an endeavor to break loose. During this\\nbarbarous exhibition, the drummers drummed with all their might\\nand the dancers wore out their new moccasins in their efforts to dance\\nharder. After two hours of such terrible exercise, the brave dem-\\nonstrated the toughne.-s of his flesh, and the entire band called out\\nfor his release, when the medicine man withdrew the skewers amid\\ngrunts of approval from old and young.\\nAnother heroic scalper permitted three wooden pegs to be driven\\ninto his flesh. To these pegs heavy muskets were tied, and with\\nthis load the Indian walked proudly into the midst of the girls\\ndancing ground and flirted with the dusky maids as if nothing\\ntroubled him.\\nThe dance was kept up for a few nights, when the medicine man\\nmade u medicine for rain, and in an hour a perfect down-pour\\ncame to announce to them that the Great Spirit was pleased with\\nthe festival.\\nTHE DOG FEAST.\\nAfter the dance the white-dog feast was spread. It was sup-\\nposed by those sons of nature that the eating of a dog s liver, with-\\nout regard to the quality of the dog, made them strong-hearted.\\nThe temple used for the thiist dance was taken down, the pole\\nalone being allowed to stand. Around this remnant of the tem-\\nple the warriors seated themselves for a convivial smoke. Sud-\\ndenly a cry was heard, the warriors sprang to their feet\\nand commenced circling around to the dismal music of a drum; the\\nquivering carcass of a white dog was cast into the circle by one of\\nthe squaws; the men whooped in ecstacy; the carcass was cut open,\\nthe liver taken out and suspended by a shag-a-nappi thong from\\nthe sacred pole; the warriors stepped forward one by one, and each\\ntaking a bite of the yet warm liver, marched off contented. As\\nsoon as this liver was consumed another dog was cast into the cir-\\ncle, when a similar performance was enacted. This continued to\\nthe end of the great feast until, perhaps, 100 dogs were thus sac-\\nrificed.\\nSuch is a description of only one barbarous festival held on the\\nground where Saginaw City now stands. It was, however, the\\nmost pacific exhibition of Indian endurance and religious ideas, not\\napproaching in barbarity many terrible dramas enacted on the\\ncamping grounds of the red men.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "144 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTHE TREATY OF SAGINAW.\\nEarly in June, 1819, General Cass received a copy of the treaty,\\nwhich the Government desired should be made with the Indians.\\nIn that document a few extraordinary articles were presented, which\\nhowever were not read before the council. The following is a\\ntranscript of the first treaty of Saginaw, with the names of all par-\\nties engaged in its presentation to, and acceptance by the Indians.\\nArt. 1. The Chippewa nation of Indians, in consideration of the stipulations\\nherein made on the part of the United States, do hereby forever cede to the\\nUnited States the land comprehended within the following lines and boundaries\\nBeginning at a point in the present Indian boundary line, which runs due north\\nfrom the mouth of the great Anglaize river, six miles south of the place where\\nthe base line, so called, intersects the same thence, west, sixt} miles thence, in\\na direct line, to the head of Thunder Bay river; thence, down the same, follow-\\ning the course thereof, to the mouth thence, northeast, to the boundary line\\nbetween the United States and the British Province of Upper Canada; thence,\\nwith the same, to the line established by the treaty of Detroit, in the year one\\nthousand eight hundred and seven thence with the said line to the place of\\nbeginning.\\nArt. 2. From the cession aforesaid the following tracts of land shall be\\nreserved, for the use of the Chippewa nation of Indians.\\nOne tract, of eight thousand acres, on the east side of the river Au Sable near\\nwhere the Indians now live.\\nOne tract, of two thousand acres, on the river Mesagwisk.\\nOne tract, of six thousand acres, on the north side of the river Kawkawling, at\\nthe Indian village.\\nOne tract, of five thousand seven hundred and sixty acres, upon the Flint\\nriver, to include Reaum s village, and a place called Kishkawbawee.\\nOne tract, of eight thousand acres, on the head of the river Huron, which\\nempties into the Saginaw river, at the village of Otusson.\\nOne island in the Saginaw Bay.\\nOne tract, of two thousand acres, where Nabolask formerly lived.\\nOne tract, of one thousand acres, near the island in the Saginaw river.\\nOne tract, of two thousand acres, at the mouth of Point Au Gn s river.\\ni One tract, of one thousand acres, on the river Huron, at Menoequet s village.\\nOne tract, of ten thousand acres, on the Shawassee river, at a place called the\\nBig Rock\\nOne tract, of three thousand acres, on the Shawassee river, at Kelchewaundau-\\ngenick.\\nOne tract, of six thousand acres, at the Little Forks, on the Tetabawasink river.\\nOne tract, of six thousand acres, at the Black Bird s town, on the Tetabawasink\\nriver.\\nOne tract, of forty thousand acres, on the Saginaw river, to be hereafter located.\\nArt. 3. There shall be reserved for the use of each of the persons hereinafter\\nmentioned and their heirs, which persons are all Indians by descent, the follow-\\ning tracts of land\\nFor the use of John Riley, the son of Menawcumegoqua, a Chippewa woman,\\nsix hundred and forty acr -s of land, beginning at-the -head of the first marsh\\nabove the mouth of the Saginaw river, on the east s de thereof.\\nFor the use of Peter Riley, the son of Menawcumegoqua, a Chippewa woman,\\nsix hundred and forty acres of laod beginning above and adjoin ng the apple-\\ntrees on the west side of the Saginaw river, and running up the same for quantity.\\nFor the use of James Riley, the son of Me lawcumegoqua, a Chippewa woman,\\nsix hundred and forty acres, beginning on the east side of the Saginaw river,\\nnearly opposite to Campau s trading house, and running up the river for quantity.\\nFor the use of Kawkawiskou, or the Crow, a Chippewa chief, six hundred and\\nforty acres of land, on the east side of the Saginaw river, at a place called Men-\\nitsgow, and to include, in the said six hundred and forty acres, the island opposite\\nto the said place.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n145\\nFor the use of Nowokeshik, Metawanene, Mokilchenoqua, Nondeshernau,\\nPetabonaqua, Messawwakut, Checbalk, Kitchegeequa, S igosequa, Annoketoqua,\\nand Tawcumegoqua, each, six hundred and forty acres of land, to be located at\\nand near the grand traverse of the Flint river, in such manner as the President\\nof the Tinted States may direct.\\nFor the use of the children of Bokowtonden, six hundred and forty acres,\\non the Kawkawling river.\\nArt. 4. In consideration of the cession aforesaid, the United States agree to\\npay to the Chippewa nation of Indians, annually, for ever, the sum of one thou-\\nsand dollars in silver: and do hereby agree that all annuities clue by any former\\ntreaty to the said tribe, shall be hereafter paid in silver.\\nArt. 5. The stipulation contained in the treaty of Greenville, relative to the\\nriirht of the Indians to hunt upon the land ceded, while it continues the property\\nof the United States, shall apply to this treaty; and the Indians shall, for the\\nsame term, enjoy the privilege of making sugar upon the same land, committing\\nno unnecessary waste upon the trees.\\nArt. 6. The United States agree to pay to the Indians the value of any im-\\nprovements which they may be obliged to abandon in consequence of the lines\\nestablished by this treaty, and which improvements add real value to the land.\\nArt. 7. The United States reserve to the proper authority the right to make\\nroads through any part of the land reserved by this treaty.\\nAim. 8 The united States engage to provide and support a blacksmith for\\nthe Indians, at Saginaw, so long as the President of the United States may think\\nproper, and to furnish the Chippewa Indians with such farming utensils, and\\ncattle, and to employ such persons to aid them in their agriculture, as the Presi-\\ndent may deem expedient.\\nArt. This treaty shall take effect, and be obligatory on the contracting\\nparties, SO soon as the same shall be ratified by the President of the United States,\\nby and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof.\\nIn testimony whereof, the said Lewis Cass, Commissioner as aforesaid, and the\\nChiefs and Warriors of the Chippewa nation of Indians, have hereunto set their\\nhands, at Saginaw, in the Territory of Michigan, this twenty-fourth day of Sep-\\ntember, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and nineteen.\\nLEWIS CASS.\\nAfter the contracting- parties agreed, the following names were\\naffixed to the document\\nPa-ken-o-sega,\\nKe-ken-ut-chega,\\nChimokemow,\\nKenenutchegun,\\nBfocksonga,\\nNoukonwabe,\\nSbingwalk,\\nShingwalk, Jr.,\\nWawaubequak,\\nPashkobwis,\\nMuskobenense,\\nWaubonoosa,\\nWausaquanai,\\nMinequet,\\nOtauson,\\nTussegua,\\nMixabee,\\nKitchewawashen,\\nNeebeenaquin,\\nKauguest\\nKilsheematush.\\nAneuwayba,\\nWalkcaykeejugo,\\nAnton waynabee,\\nXawgonissee,\\nOwenisham,\\nWauweeyatam,\\nOkooyousinse,\\nOndottowaugane,\\nAmickoneena,\\nKitcheonundeeyo,\\nSaugassawway,\\nWassau,\\nKeneobe,\\nMoksauba,\\nMutchwetau,\\nNuwanon,\\nk e e m a n peenay- Okumanpinase,\\nsee,\\nMinggeeseetay,\\nS h a ws h a uwenau- Waubishcan,\\nbais,\\n)kcmares, or Oke-\\nmes.\\nMisbeneanon(|iiet,\\nNimeke,\\nManelingobwawaa,\\nPuckwash,\\nWa-eneso,\\nMantons,\\nEennewobe\\nAnuee ma ye own- Agangonabe,\\nbeeme,\\nOneweipia.\\nNayokeeman,\\nPeshquescum.\\nMuckcumcinau,\\nKitcheenoting,\\nWaubeekeenew,\\nPashkeekou,\\nMay to,\\nSheemaugua,\\nSigonak,\\nKokoosh,\\nPemaw,\\nKawotoktame,\\nSabo,\\nKcwageone,\\nMetewa,\\nKawiiesbequm,\\nKeyacum,\\nAtowagesek,\\nPeaypaymanshee,\\nOcanauck,\\nOgeebouinse.\\nPaymeenoting,\\nNay nooautienish-\\nkoan,\\nKaujagonaygee,\\nMayneeseno.\\nKakagouryan,\\nMeewayson,\\nWepecumgegut,\\nMarkkenwuwbe,\\nFonegawne,\\nNemete owwa,\\nKitchmokooman,\\nKishkaukou,\\nPeenaysee,\\nOgemaunkeketo,\\nReaume,\\nXowkeshuc,\\nMixmunitou\\nMeckseonne,\\nPaupemiskobe.\\nKagkakeshik,\\nWauwassack,\\nMawmawkens,\\nMamawsecuta,\\nPenaysewaykesek,\\nKewaytinam,\\nSepewan,\\nShashebak,\\nShaconk,\\nMesnakrea,\\nSiuggok,\\nMaytwayaushing,\\nSaguhosh,\\nSaybo,\\nObwole,\\nPaymusawtum,\\nEndus,\\nAushetayawnekusa\\nWawapenishik,\\nOmikou,\\nLeroy.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "146 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nWITNESSES AT SIGNING:\\nJohn L. Lieb, Secretary; D. G. Whitney, Assistant-Secretary; C. L. Case,\\nCapt. 3d Infantry; R. A Forsyth, Jr., acting commissioner; Chester Root,\\nCapt. U. S. Artillery; John Peacock, Lieut 3d U. S. Infantry; G. Godfrey,\\nsub-Agent W. Knaggs, sub-Agent William Tuckey, Louis Beaufort, John\\nHurson, sworn Interpreters James V. S. Ryley. B. r Campau, John Hill, Army\\nContractors J. Whipple, Henry I. Hunt, William Keith, A. E. Lacock, M. S.\\nK. Richard Smyth, Louis Dequindre, B. Head, John Smyth, Conrad Ten Eyck.\\nPRESENTATION OF THE TREATY.\\nOwing to the number and ferocity of many of the Indian inhab-\\nitants of the valley, it was a matter of the greatest importance that\\nnot only should the Governor be a true representative of the power-\\nful young Republic, but also that every one associated with him in\\nthe enterprise, should fully realize the great value of the issues at\\nstake. They would have to reply to the natural logic of nature s\\nchildren; and obtain by the power of mild persuasion all that\\nwhich force might possibly fail to obtain at the time. With this\\nsense of responsibility resting upon him, and shared in by the\\nmembers of his party, he left Detroit Sept. 7, and arrived at Cam-\\npau s location near the great Indian camp three days later. The\\nstory of this visit of Gen. Cass, and the varied places of treaty-\\nmaking with the Indians has been graphically described by Hon.\\nCharles P. Avery. He refers to the Territorial Governor at the\\nbeginning, and follows up the story of the treaty of 1819 from its\\nbeginning to its close:\\nu Gen. Cass, he says, was then in the vigor of his manhood,\\nwith a laudable ambition to achieve a national reputation, and to\\nidentify himself by his exertions with the acquisitions of such a\\nvaluable body of land, feeling that the influx of immigration, then\\nbeginning to be felt at Detroit and its vicinity, required a wider\\ndomain for it to spread over, and with the greater security it\\nwould give to life and property of settlers upon the domain which\\nhad been acquired by the previous treaty, and felt the importance\\nof the enterprise into which he was about to embark, and that if\\nsuccessful, it would be an achievement upon which any statesman\\nmight well ground a claim for the gratitude of those then living at\\nand near Detroit, and might be excused if he looked to such\\nachievement as the ground work of future national honors. He\\nappeared upon the Saginaw, upon the site of what is now Saginaw\\nCity, on the 10th of September, 1819, with his staff of interpreters\\nand assistants. They made the journey the whole distance upon\\nhorseback, from Detroit via Flint, and thence down the river by\\nwhat was until lately the Indian Reservation of Pe-won-ny-\\ngo-wingh, which was at that time the Tribal home of Chief Ne-ome\\nand his successor in the chieftainship, Tone-dok-a-nee.\\nBefore leaving Detroit the General had directed Mr. Louis\\nCampau, who had been, since 1816, an established Indian trader\\nat that point upon the Saginaw, to build the council house and\\nmake the necessary arrangements for the reception of the Com-", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 147\\nmissioner and his company. No other man could have been\\nso appropriately selected to meet the Commissioner s expectations\\nand aid him in the details of the enterprise.\\nMr. Campau yet survives, an aged gentleman, but with an\\naccurate memory, a fine representative of the better class of early\\nFrench pioneers; a liberal, public-spirited and worthy citizen.\\nTwo Government vessels, laden with stores for the subsistence of\\nthose upon the treaty ground, were sent around by Lakes St. Clair\\nand Huron. One of these was a company of United States\\nsoldiers, commanded by Captain Cass, a brother of the General,\\nwho had been ordered to the treaty ground for the protection of\\nthose in attendance. By the time the Commissioner, with his\\nstaff of interpreters, had arrived, Mr. Campau and his employes\\nhad constructed the council house. It was spacious and commodi-\\nous, extending several hundred feet along the bank of the river a\\nfew rods back from the shore, and of the requisite width to accom-\\nmodate the large number of natives who were expected to be\\nS resent. Situated nearly between the present site of the Webster\\n[ouse and the river, but several rods farther down on the slight\\nridge or second rise from the shore, its position was commanding\\nand pleasant. Trees conveniently situated furnished the columns\\nof the council hall, and boughs interlaced above made the roof.\\nThe sides and ends were open. It was of an order of architecture\\nnot recognized by Ruskin, Downing, Upjohn or any professional\\nwriter upon that branch of science. It was doubtless more nearly\\nassimilated to that temple described by the great poet of nature,\\nBryant, in the opening of his Forest Hymn, Tlie groves were\\nGod s first temples. A platform made of logs, faced or evened\\nby the ax, was elevated about a foot above the ground, and broad\\nenough to accommodate company upon rustic benches. Com-\\nmissioner Cass and the other officials occupied the central portion\\nof the council room. Huge logs in their native roughness had\\nbeen rolled in upon the other space to be used as seats by the\\nnative lords of the soil when in common council. The bordering\\nwoods were dotted with temporary wigwams, hastily and rudely\\nbuilt by the natives for the accommodation of themselves and fam-\\nilies during the pendency of the negotiation.\\nAmong other preparations, temporary but convenient additions\\nto his trading house had been made by Mr. Campau, sufficiently\\nspacious to make a good-sized dining-room for the large number\\nof officials present, and comfortable quarters for the Commissioner.\\nThe number of Indians present at the time of his arrival was not\\nas large as was expected. Messengers or runners had been sent\\namong the different bands, some living quite remote from the\\nplace of holding the council, to notify them of the proposed treaty,\\nand others out for like purposes after the fact became apparent\\nthat some localities were not properly represented. The number\\npresent upon the treaty ground on the day when the third council,\\nwhich was the fullest, was held, has been variously estimated from\\n1,500 to 4,000. They were mainly Chippewas, but not all.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "148 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThere were present some Ottawas of pure and mixed blood, and\\nalthough in our State papers the parties of the treaty are spoken\\nof as the United States on the one side, and the Chippewa nation\\non the other, there are the names of chiefs and head men affixed\\nto the treaty who were of Ottawa descent. There were but three\\nregular councils or audiences held during the 10 or 12 days that\\nthe negotiations were pending. At such formal councils only the\\nchiefs, warriors, head men and braves were called and admitted into\\nthe council hall, although the sides being open and the opportunity\\nfor hearing and seeing unimpeded, the Indian women and their\\nchildren gathered in timid groups close by. They were silent, but\\nby no means disinterested spectators of the solemn negotiations\\nproceeding within, which involved no less than a full and final\\nsurrender of the burial places of their fathers, the ancient hunting\\ngrounds of their people, the fair and beautiful heritage of forest\\nand corn ground, lake and river.\\nAt the first council Gen. Cass made known to the natives,\\nthrough Henry Conner and Whitmore Knaggs, experienced and\\nhighly respected Indian traders, and as interpreters most compe-\\ntent, the object of his journey from Detriot and the general\\npurposes of our Government. He endeavored to impress upon\\nthem the paternal regard which their Great Father at Wash-\\nington had for their welfare, and the hope that the peaceful\\nrelations which had existed between them since the close of the\\nwar should be rendered perpetual. He reminded them of their\\ncondition as a people, the swelling of the wave of civilization\\ntoward their hunting grounds, the growing scarcity of game, the\\nimportance and necessity of turning their attention more to agri-\\nculture and relinquishing the more uncertain modes of living by\\nthe chase, and the better condition they would ultimately be in by\\nconfining themselves to reservations ample for the purpose of\\nagriculture, to be provided for them by the proposed treaty, and the\\ncession of the residue of the territory then occupied by those who\\nwere there represented, upon such terms and guarantees as their\\ncondition required, including therein stipulated annuities. He\\nwas answered by their chief speaker with a gravity and eloquence\\npeculiar to Indian councils. Three chiefs of high repute acted as\\nspeakers for the Indians, who survived for some years after the\\ntreaty, and were known to some of the earlier settlers in the\\nvalley. Their names were often pronounced by early traders\\nand pioneers differently, and are found in documents with different\\northography, but as they appear at the foot of the treaty they are\\nMish-e-ne-na-non-e-quet, O-ge-maw-ke-ke-to, and also, at the first\\ncouncil, Kish-kaw-ko. At the subsequent councils the latter was\\nnot present, except at the last, and then merely to affix his totem\\nto the treaty after it had engrossed for execution. He had put\\nhimself out of condition at the close of day by drinking, and\\nremained in a state quite unpresentable as a speaker for the\\nresidue of the time. He was an Indian of violent temper, and in\\nexcitement of liquor was reckless in the commission of outrage.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 151\\nSubsequent to the treaty, after many acts of violence, he was\\narrested and died in prison at Detroit. He was less dangerous in\\nhis wigwam quietly drunk than in the council room tolerably\\nsober.\\nThe chief speaker, O-ge-maw-ke-ke-to, opposed the proposition\\nmade by Commissioner Cass, with indignation. His speech, as\\nremembered by persons still surviving, who were interested listen-\\ners, was a model of Indian eloquence. He was then quite young,\\nnot more than 25 years of age, above the average height, and in his\\nbearing, graceful and handsome. Although in the later years of\\nhis life lie was often seen intoxicated, he never fully lost a conscious\\ndignity which belonged to his nature as one of the original lords\\nof the soil. In true eloquence he was probably hardly surpassed by\\nthe Seneca chief, Sa-go-ye-wat-ha (Red Jacket). His band lived\\nat the Forks of the Tittabawassee, and like the famous Seneca chief\\nhe wore upon his breast a superb Government medal. He addressed\\nthe Commissioner as follows:\\nYou do not know our wishes. Our people wonder what has\\nbrought you so far from your homes. Your young men have\\ninvited us to come and light the council fire. We are here to\\nsmoke the pipe of peace, but not to sell our lands. Our American\\nFather wants them. Our English Father treats us better. He has\\nnever asked for them. Your people trespass upon our hunting-\\ngrounds. You flock to our shores. Our waters grow warm; our\\nland melts like a cake of ice. Our possessions grow smaller and\\nsmaller. The warm wave of the white man rolls in upon us and\\nmelts us away. Our women reproach us. Our children want\\nhomes. Shall we sell from under them the spot where they spread\\ntheir blankets? We have not called you here. We smoke with\\nyou the pipe of peace.\\nTo this the Commissioner replied with earnestness, reproving\\nthe speaker for arrogant assumption, that their Great Father at\\nWashington had just closed a war in which he had whipped their\\nFather, the English king, and the Indians too; that their lands\\nwere forfeited in fact by the rules of war, but that he did not pur-\\npose to take them without rendering back an equivalent, notwith-\\nstanding their late acts of hostility; that their women and children\\nshould have secured to them ample tribal reserves on which they\\ncould live, unmolested by their white neighbors, where the y could\\nspread their blankets and be aided and instructed in agriculture.\\nThe council for the day closed. The Commissioner with his\\nstaff of earnest and devoted assistants, composed of gentlemen\\ndistingushed at Indian councils, Whitmore Knaggs, known to the\\nnatives as O-ke-day -ben-don, and beloved by them; Henry Conner,\\nknown to them as Wah-be-sken-dip, meaning literally white-head,\\nsignificant of the color of his hair; Col. Beaufait, G. Godfroy\\nsub-agent, John Harson and other gentlemen of deserved influence\\nwith the Chippewas, all retired to their lodgings disappointed and\\nanxious, while the chiefs and head-men of the natives retired to\\ntheir wigwams in sullen dignity, unapproachable and unappeased,\\n10", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "152 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncertainly a very unpropitious opening of the great and important\\nundertaking and trust which Gen. Cass had in hand. The juncture\\nwas a critical one, and for a full appreciation of it a brief allusion\\nto the relative status of the two parties becomes pardonable\\nif not necessary. The proposition for a cession of the Indian\\ntitle came from us, not them. Their possessory control by our\\nuniform recognition and action was as yet perfect. For any\\nlawlessness or vindictive act upon the treaty ground there would\\nhave been immunity from immediate punishment and probably\\nultimate escape. The whites, comparatively, were few in number.\\nThe military company on board the schooner, anchored in the\\nstream, was quite inadequate to successful resistance against an\\norganized and general outbreak.\\nSufficient time had not elasped to wash out the bitter memories\\nof border feuds, of fancied or real wrong. Footprints were yet\\nfresh upon the war-path. Indeed, only the fifth summer had passed\\nsince that war had closed which had laid low many Chippewa\\nwarriors. Our Commissioner and his staff of assistants had placed\\nthemselves voluntarily within their strong hold upon the Saginaw,\\nto which no pale-face had entered throughout that formidable\\nstruggle, unless as pinioned and care-depressed captives, with the\\nexception of the single memorable instance of the daring trader\\nSmith, to rescue from captivity the children of the Boyer family,\\nwho had been taken captives with their father from their homes on\\nthe Clinton river near Mount Clemens. Here within a half dozen\\nsummers previous, they had drilled in martial exercise, trained\\nthemselves to warlike feats, and prepared for those deadly excur-\\nsions into our frontier settlements, and for those more formidable\\nengagements where disciplined valor was called upon to breast\\ntheir wild charge. After the bloody raid, to this valley they\\nlooked as to a fastness, and to it returned with their captives and\\nstreaming trophies. And here, too, had been for generations their\\nsimple altar in the unpruned forests; their festivals, called lyus,\\nwithout reference to their true significance; their dances, when\\nthanks went up to the Great Spirit for the yearly return of the\\nsuccessive blessings of a fruitful season, following to its source,\\nwith direct purpose and thankful hearts, the warm ray which gave\\nto them the trickling sap, which reddened the berry, which\\nembrowned the tassel of the corn and perfected their slender\\nJiarvest.\\nNe-ome, the chief of one of the largest bands ot the Chippewas,\\noccupied and assumed to control the most southerly portion of\\ntheir national domain. The Flint river, with its northerly afflu-\\nents, was, by the line of the treaty of 1807, left a little north of the\\nborder in full Indian possession. It was called by the natives Fe-\\nwon-unk-ening, meaning literally the river of the Flint, and by\\nthe early French traders, La Pierre, as was the principal fording\\nor crossing place of that river, called by them Grand Traverse, a\\nlew rods below the Flint city bridge. By the Chippewas the site\\nof that city was called Mus-cu-ta-wa-ingh, meaning open plain", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 153\\nburnt over. That river, after leaving the northerly part of Lapeer\\ncounty, bears southward to the Grand Traverse (city of Flint) and\\nthen curves northerly to meet the Saginaw, the crescent which\\nit thus describes lying upon the southern border (or nearly so) of\\nwhat were the home possessions, intact and unaffected by previous\\ntreaties, of those bands of Chippewas whose chiefs and head-men\\nmet Gen. Cass in council at Saginaw.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Well-beaten trails upon the Flint and its tributaries, reaching\\nto their headwaters and upon all the affluents of the Saginaw, all\\nconverging to the main river as the center, forming a network of\\ncommunication which might not inaptly be compared to an open\\nfan, with the handle resting upon the treaty ground, gave the\\nChippewas, upon the banks of those streams, unobstructed access,\\nby land as well as by canoes upon the rivers, to the Commissioner\\nin council. The advancing wave of white settlements had already\\napproached, and in some instances had without authority encroached\\nupon the southerly border of their net- work ot trails UDon the\\nFlint.\\nIn point of location, geographically, Ne-ome and his powerful\\nband stood at the door, the very threshold of the large tract of\\nland which our Government, through its faithful and earnest\\nCommissioner, wanted. To any one standing at Detroit and\\nlooking northerly to the beautiful belt of land lying westerly of the\\nriver St. Clair and Lake Huron, it was plain that the old chief,\\nNe-ome, stood, unless well disposed toward the treaty, indeed a\\nlion in the path. Ne-ome was honest and simple-minded, evincing\\nbut little of the craft and cunning of his race, sincere in his nature,\\nby no means astute, firm in his friendships, easy to be pursuaded\\nby any benefactor who should appeal to his Indian sense of grati-\\ntude; harmless and kind. In stature he was short and heavily\\nmolded. With his own people he was a chief of patriarchal\\ngoodness, and his name is never mentioned by any of the members\\nof his band, even at this remote day, except with a certain tradition-\\nary sorrow, more impressive in its mournful simplicity than a\\nlabored epitaph.\\nAfter Gen. Cass had made known the purpose of the Govern-\\nment in calling the council, he found the Chippewas were, as before\\ndetailed, with minds by no means disposed to treat or cede.\\nThere was a power rested in the hands of an Indian trader who was\\nknown to the Chippewas as Wah-be-sins (the Young Swan), and to\\nthe border settlers as Jacob Smith. He had been for a long time\\na trader among the Indians at different points on the Flint and\\nSaginaw, both before and after the war of 1812. His principal\\ntrading-post, which he made his permanent one, the same year of\\nthe treaty, was at the Grand Traverse of the Flint, in the first ward\\nof that city, near where the Baptist church now stands. By long\\nresidence among them he had assimilated his habits and ways of\\nving to those of the natives, even to the adoption of their mode of\\ndress, and spoke their language fluently and correctly. He was\\ngenerous to them, warm-hearted and intrepid. Though small in", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "154 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nstature and light in weight, he was powerful as well as agile. Like\\nmost men living upon our Indian frontiers, he had become the\\nlather of a half-breed family, one of whom, a daughter, by the\\nname of Mo-kitch-e-no-qwa, was then living. Skilled in wood-\\ncraft, sagacious and adroit, he maybe said to have equaled, if not\\nexcelled, the natives in many of those qualities which, as forest\\nheroes, they most admire. Brought into almost daily intercourse\\nwith the large band of Chippewas upon the Saginaw and its tribu-\\ntaries, the opportunity was at hand of ingratiating himself into the\\nconfidence ot the chief and head men of that influential branch of\\nthe natives known as Ne-ome s band; and it is safe to say, that of\\nthe 114 chiefs and head men of the Chippewa nation, whose totems\\nwere affixed to the treaty, there was not one with whom he had not\\ndealt and to whom he had not extended some act of friendship, either\\ndispensing the rights of hospitality at his trading post, or in substan-\\ntial advances to them of bread or of blankets, as their necessity may\\nhave required. He had entrenched himself in their friendship;\\nand at the time of the treaty, so nearly had he identified himself\\nwith the good chief, Ne-ome, that each ever hailed the other as\\nbrother. Even to this day, Sa-gos-e-wa-qua, a daughter of Ne-ome,\\nand others of his descendants now living, when speaking of Smith\\nand the old chief, invariably bring their hands together, pressing the\\ntwo index tigers closely to each other, as the Indian s symbol of\\nbrotherhood and warm attachment.\\nUpon the treaty ground the two friends acted unitedly and\\nin perfect unison. Smith had no position at the treaty, either as\\ninterpreter for or agent of Gen. Cass. He was personally known to\\nthe General, for when not at his trading post he was at Detroit,\\nwhere he had a white family; but it is quite evident that he was\\nlooked upon with some distrust by the Commissioner. For days\\nthe most active efforts of the authorized interpreters and agents of\\nthe Government were ineffectual in conciliating Ne-ome, O-ge-\\nmaw-ke-ke-to and the other chiefs. Not a step of progress was\\nmade until Mr. Knaggs and other agents, who assumed, but with\\nwhat authority is somewhat doubtful, to speak for the Govern-\\nment outside of the council room, had promised the faithful Ne-\\nome that in addition to various and ample reservations for the dif-\\nferent bands, of several thousand acres each, there should be\\nreserved, as requested by Wah-be-sins (Smith), 11 sections of\\nland of 640 acres each, to be located at or near Grand Traverse of\\nthe Flint. Eleven names as such reservees, all Indian names,\\nwere passed over to Mr. Knaggs on a slip of paper in his tent. A\\ncouncil was again called several days after the first one and fully\\nattended by all the chiefs and warriors. This, with other points of\\ndifficulty, had become quieted. The storm which at first threat-\\nened to overwhelm the best efforts of the Commissioner and the\\nactive agents had passed over, and then a calm and open discussion\\nensued of the terms and basis upon which a just and honorable\\ntreaty should be, and at length was concluded.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 155\\nThere was but one more general council held, which was mainly\\nformal, for the purpose of having affixed to the engrossed copy of\\nthe treaty, the signature of Gen. Cass and the witnesses, and the to-\\ntems of the chiefs and head men of the Ohippewas and Ottawas.\\nA removal of the Chippewas west of the Mississippi, at least west\\nof Lake Michigan, was one of the purposes sought to be gained by\\nour Government at the treaty, in addition to the cession of the\\nvaluable body of land lying upon the Saginaw and its affluents.\\nIn the instructions from the War Department to the Commissioner,\\nthis purpose is set out among others; but it was discovered by the\\nGeneral soon after his arrival at the council, that it was impossi-\\nble to carry out that part of his instructions which related to the\\nremoval of the Indians, without hazarding the consummation of a\\ntreaty upon any terms. This country has been so long occupied\\nby their people, and was so well adapted to their hunter state, in\\nthe remarkable abundance offish in its rivers, lakes and bays, and\\nin the game yet left to them and not very materially diminished in\\nthe forests, that they were not inclined to listen to any proposi-\\ntion of removal. During the afternoon of the last day of the\\ncouncil the Indians agreed to the various articles of the treaty,\\naffixed their totems or names in the presence of the Governor s\\nstaff and assistants, and received their first treaty money from the\\nUnited States.\\nTHE SECOND TREATY WITH THE SAGIXAWS.\\nA treaty was made at Detroit, Jan. 14, 1837, between Henry E.\\nSchoolcraft, in behalf of the United States, and the Saginaw tribe\\nof the liippewa nation, by their chief and delegates assembled in\\ncouncil, in which the Chippewas ceded to the United States the\\nfallowing tracts of land lying within the boundaries of Michigan,\\nnamely: One tract of 8,000 acres on the river An Sable; one\\ntract of 2,000 acres on the Misho-wusk, or Rifle river; one tract of\\n6,000 acres on the north side of the river Kaw-kaw-ling; one tract\\nof 5, 760 acres upon Flint river, including the site of Reaum s vil\\nLage, and a place called Kishkawbawee; one tract of 8,000acreson\\nthe head oi ass (formerly Huron), river, at the village of Otusson;\\none island in the Saginaw Bay, estimated at 1,000 acres, being the\\nisland called Shaingwaukokang, on which Muckokoosh formerly\\nlived; one tract of 2,000 acres at JSababish, on the Saginaw river;\\none tract of 1,000 on the east side of the Saginaw river; one tract of\\n640 acres at Great Bend, on Cass river; one tract of 2,000 acres\\nat the mouth of Point an (ires river; one tract of 1,000 acres on\\nthe (ass river at Menoquet s village; one tract of 10,000 acres on\\nthe Shiawassee river at Ket-che-waun-dauguniink, or Big Lick; one\\ntract of 6,000 acres at the Little Forks, on the Tetabawasing river;\\none tract of 6,000 acres at the Black Bird s town, on the Tetaba-\\nwasing river; one tract of 40,000 acres on the west side of the Sag\\nin aw river.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "156 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe sum of money derived from the sale of these lands after de-\\nducting expenses of survey and treaty, was to be invested under\\nthe direction of the President, in some public stock; and the in-\\nterest thereof to be paid annually to the Indians. Certain sums\\nwere also set apart for the payment of their valid debts and for\\ndepredations committed after the surrender of Detroit, in 1812. The\\nIndians agreed to remove from Michigan to some point west of\\nLake Superior, or locate west of the Mississippi and southwest of\\nthe Missouri rivers, to be decided by Congress.\\nA supplementary article to a treaty between the United States\\nand the Saginaw tribe of Chippewas, provided for the erection of\\na lighthouse on the Na-bo-bish tract of land, lying at the mouth of\\nthe Saginaw river, and a subsequent article of tie same treaty, con-\\ncluded at East Saginaw, changed the location of the lighthouse to\\nthe 40,000-acre tract of land at the mouth of the same river.\\nTHE TREATY OF 1838.\\nA treaty was concluded at the city of Saginaw, Jan. 23, 1838, be-\\ntween a commissioner of the United States and the several bands\\nof the Chippewa nation, comprehended within the districts of Sag-\\ninaw, in which the chiefs of the Chippewas represented, that at the\\nsale of lands for their use, a combination was formed and the prices\\nper acre greatly diminished. The treaty then provided that all\\nlands brought into market under the authority of the previous\\ntreaty (Jan. 14, 1837) should be sold to the register and receiver\\nfor two years from date of commencement of sale, at $5 per acre,\\nwhich sum was declared the minimum price; provided, t at should\\nany portion of said lands remain unsold at the expiration of the\\ntwo years, the minimum price was to be reduced to $2. 50 per acre,\\nat which price the remaining lands were to be disposed of; and\\nafter live years from date of ratification of treaty, if any lands then\\nremained, they were to be sold for the sum they would command,\\nbut none less than 75 cents per acre.\\nTHE TREATY OF 1855.\\nSubsequently, a treaty was concluded at Detroit, Aug. 2, 1855,\\nbetween George W. Manypenny and Henry C. Gilbert, Commis-\\nsioners on the part of the United States, and the Chippewa Indi-\\nans of Saginaw, Swan creek and Black river, in which the United\\nStates agreed to withdraw from sale six adjoining townships of\\nland in Isabella county, and townships Nos. 17 and 18 north,\\nranges 3, 4 and 5 east; agreed to pay the Chippewas the sum of\\n$220,000, to be used for education, agriculture, building material,\\netc. build a saw-mill at some suitable water-power in Isabella\\ncounty, at a cost not exceeding $8,000; to test the claims and\\npay the just indebtedness of said tribe of Chippewas; to provide an\\ninterpreter for said Indians for five years and longer if necessary;\\nand said Chippewas of Saginaw, Swan creek and Black river, ceded", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 157\\nto the United States all lands in Michigan heretofore owned by\\nthem as reservations; and that the grants and payments provided\\nin this treaty were in lien and satisfaction of all claims legal and\\nequitable on the part of said Indians, jointly and severally against\\nthe United States, for land, money, or other thing guarantied to\\nsaid tribes or either of them, by the stipulation of any former\\ntreaty or treaties; the entries of land made by the Indians and by\\nthe Missionary Society of the M. E. Church for the benefit of the\\nIndians, in townships 14 north and 1 east, and 10 north and 5 east,\\nwere confirmed and patents issued.\\nSchoolcraft s trickery.\\nThe treaty of 1837 is said to have been drafted by Government\\nCommissioner Schoolcraft in 1836, and presented before an Indian\\ncouncil the same year. James McCormick, who was then settled\\namong the bands on the Indian fields, received from his aborigi-\\nnal neighbors a tract of 610 acres of land in recognition of his kind-\\nness to them during the prevalence of the small-pox epidemic. This\\nvaluable present was received by Mr. McCormick, and went into\\nhis possession; but in the treaty presented by Schoolcraft there was\\nno mention made of the Indian grant to McCormick. One of the\\nIndian counselors demanded why this important item was omitted,\\nmerely gaining for his trouble the laconic answer from the Com-\\nmissioner It can t be done. Very well, said the Indian\\norator; we will not sell our land unless our white brother is pro-\\nvided for. We will not sign the treaty. The assembled Indiana\\ndispersed and the Commissioner was left to dream over the situ-\\nation in the d- serted wigwam.\\nIn January, 1837, the Commissioner invited the counselors to\\nmeet him at Detroit, and on the 14th of that month they assembled\\nagreeably to such invitation. Mr. Schoolcraft assured them that\\nthe treaty paper as now presented, contained full assurances that\\nMr. McCormick would be continued as lessee of the lands in ques-\\ntion. Thus assured on the honor of an officer of the United States\\nGovernment, the children of the forest deeded away their hunting\\ngrounds, and, as a few years proved, their munificent gift to their\\nwhite brother also. The Commissioner never inserted an article\\nguarantying a title to James McCormick, and as a result he was\\nevicted from a home and farm which he improved, which he mer-\\nited, and which was endeared to him by many associations. About\\nthis period small-pox decimated the ranks of the Indian warriors,\\nand where it failed to secure a victim, the officials appointed to\\ncarry out the treaty articles, generally succeeded.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER III.\\nAFTER THE TREATY.\\nAs early as 1811, the French traders found a home among the\\nSaginaws and for years after carried on an extensive trade, giving\\nfood and peltries in exchange for furs and pemmican. Among them\\nwas one American named Jacob Smith, better known as Wah-be-\\nsins, or Young Swan. He was a favorite hunter with the Indians,\\nand accompanied them in their hunting expeditions until the period\\nof the establishment of his post on the Flint river. For years his\\nfriendship for the Campau brothers was unquestioned, and with\\nthem he found a home whenever his travels led him to the great\\ncamping ground. Years rolled by, and this friendship lasted; but\\nbefore the ink was dry on the treaty of 1819, a passion, as unfortun-\\nate as it was unjust, seized upon him; he deserted his old friend,\\nand was the primary means of urging the Indian to ignore their\\ndebts, and rob the resident trader, Campau, of money which was\\njustly due him. In the following pages a reference is made to the\\nwhite trappers of the Saginaw.\\nLouis Campau, or Ne-ta-ba-ba-pm-is-id, formerly a voyageur,\\nsettled at Detroit immediately succeeding the close of hostilities in\\n1815, though for years previously it was his custom to visit that\\npart. He was a native of Lower Canada, and in possession of\\nthose faculties which are peculiarly adapted to the life of a front-\\niersman. Genial and even polite in his intercourse with his Amer-\\nican friends, he extended to the Indians, also, a warm greeting\\nwhich won their confidence. In May, 1816, Mr. Campau entered\\nupon the life of an Indian trader. Traveling to the Saginaw Ka-\\npay-shaw-wink, or the great camping ground of the tribe, he\\nerected a house, on which he conferred the title, Campau s Trad-\\ning Post. 1 This building stood on the west side of Water street,\\nopposite the location of Wright Co. s mill. Three years after\\nhis settlement here, Louis Campau built a log house on the east\\nside of the river, but owing to the opposition of Kish-kaw-ko and\\nMish-ne-na-non-e-quet he retired for safety to the old post. The\\ndeserted structure stood where the Methodist mission was subse-\\nquently established. The house of Norman Little took the place\\nof the mission and in later days it formed the site ofTenEyck s\\nmill. In June, 1826, Mr. Campau left for Grand Rapids, where\\nin the fall of the same year, he located two fractional quarters of\\nthe public domain, and maybe said to be the prime mover in build-\\ning up the city of that name. Generous to a fault, he served the\\nsettlers who flocked toward his location, faithfully and liberally;\\naided in every movement to build up the city; so that after the\\n(158)", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 159\\nwar of 1861- 5, the people of Grand Rapids presented their first\\nfriend with a valuable and well-filled purse. In the history of the\\ncounty the old trader s connection with the valley since the coming\\nof the American pioneers, will be referred to, and thus the name\\nof one of the earliest white inhabitants of the district shall be per-\\npetuated.\\nStephen V. R. Reilly, a trader among the Chippewas, married\\nMen-aw-cum-ego-qua, the beauty of the Indian village, the Poca-\\nhontas of the tribe. The three sons resulting from this marriage\\nwere named respectively, John, Peter and James. In the negoti-\\nation of the treaty, Stephen V. R. Reilly exerted all his great in-\\nfluence over the Indians, and succeeded in urging them to agree\\nto the terms which would be offered to them. In the grant of In-\\ndian reserves, he located John Reilly s lands near the mouth of\\nthe Saginaw, where Bay City now stands. For Peter Reilly he\\nobtained a grant of 64 acres of land beginning above and adjoin-\\ning the apple-trees on the west side of the Saginaw river, and\\nrunning up the same for quantity; and for the use of James Reilly,\\nU acres beginning on the east side of the Saginaw river, nearly\\nopposite to Campau s trading house and running up the river for\\nquantity. Part of the city of East Saginaw is built on this last\\ndescribed reservation.\\nIn 1836 Gen. Stephen V. R. Reilly, who was then 73 years of\\nage, and postmaster of Schenectady, New York, revisited Detroit,\\nmet his son John there, and advised him to sell his lands to\\nAndrew T. McReynolds and F. H. Stevens, of Detroit, for not\\nless than $30,000. In this manner also, were the claims of other\\nboys disposed of.\\nFrancois Trombley, grandfather of the Trombleys named in this\\nreview, was well known at the military posts of the St. Lawrence\\nand the lakes as early as 1782. Ten years later, in 1702, he\\nvisited the Saginaw Indians, which proved to be his first and last\\nexploration trip in this direction. This adventurous Frenchman\\nwas drowned, while flying far away from the Indian camp. The\\nstory of his death states that he made a spear for an Indian, to be\\nused in killing muskrats: another Indian came forward to beg a\\nsimilar favor, and for him Trombley made a vrvy improved rat-\\nkiller. The owner of the first spear grew jealous, abused the good\\nhl hunter, and ultimately stabbed him in the back. Retiring to\\nhis boat, he set sail tor Detroit, but never reached that post. It\\nis -aid he was knocked overboard by the boom of his boat, and\\nwas drowned in the waters of Lake Huron.\\nJacob Smith, or AVah-be-sins, settled with his parents in\\nNorthern Ohio. In 1511 he pushed forward to the Detroit river\\ndistrict, and thence north to the Flint and Saginaw. During the\\nrambles of the Young Swan, lie won the friendship of the\\nIndians, and as his intercourse with them became more extensive,\\nlie entered into all their manners and customs, sympathizing with\\nthem as a tribal member, and claiming their sympathy in return.\\nSmith was the first American who settled in the Saginaw district.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "160 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nHe arrived here shortly after Campau, and erected a temporary\\ntrading-post; at Flint another structure was built by him; but the\\ngreater portion of his time was passed at Detroit, where his wife\\nand family resided. In 1819 he built a substantial log house in\\nFlint on the spot now occupied by the First Baptist church. Later\\nin the year he made a journey to Campau s Trading Post, and\\naided in conciliating the Indians of that band, if not in urging\\nthem to sign the treaty which Gov. Cass presented. His post, at\\nFlint, was left in charge of his Indian assistant An-ne-me-kins,\\nwhile Baptiste Cochios, a French friend of Smith s, known in later\\nyears as Nick-an-niss, accompanied him on his patriotic journey.\\nIn October, 1819, Smith and Cochios returned to the post, found\\nthat the young Indian had discharged his duties faithfully; and\\nbeing satisfied that he could be further trusted, both Smitli and\\nhis friend visited the Canadas, where they traded until 1821.\\nFrom this period until 1825, the two travelers and traders con-\\ntinued to have an extensive trade, the while enduring many hard-\\nships. Smith succumbed to disease in 1825; Cochios was the o \\\\ly\\nwhite friend present at his death-bed; An-ne-me-kins, the Indian\\nboy of his adoption, was the only red man who witnessed the dying\\nstruggles of the popular trader. The former made a rude coffin,\\nin which he placed the body of the deceased, and, choosing a\\nsecluded spot near the posi, interred the remains in the presence\\nof the assembled Indians.\\nPatrice Reaume, or Wemitigoji, was, like Campau, a native of\\nthe French province of Quebec. For a period of eight years he\\nwas a trader among the Indians of the Raisin and Huron districts.\\nUltimately he was appointed factor for the American Fur Company\\nat the post near Pontiac, and subsequently their trader at the posts\\nof Tittabawassee and Saginaw. Reaume s assistant was named\\nLouis DeQuindre; both factor and trader were unpopular; nor did\\nthe action of their countryman, Campau, aid them. On the\\ncontrary, since the American Fur Company s interests were\\nopposed to his, he took every opportunity to notice the faults\\nof the employes of the company, and ultimately succeeded in\\ndriving Reaume and De Quindre from their post- on the\\nTittabawassee and Saginaw. De Quindre, who was in charge of\\nthe store at the former place, was ejected by the desperate\\nWah-be-man-ito; and, running for his life, left the post in possession\\nof the Indian. After a series of wanderings through the forest,\\nhe was fortunate in reaching Saginaw. This summary ejectment\\nwas made in the winter of 1828-9, so that the young Frenchman\\nsuffered much as a refugee, and ever afterward was mentally\\npained whenever the sobriquet missabos (hare) was given to him.\\nLouis Beaufort, or Wagash, was one of the most genial habitants\\nof the valley in the pre-treaty times. He was much younger than\\nCampau, Smith or Reaume, was a friend of each and all, and,\\nbeing s was the peacemaker in the traders circle. It is recorded\\nthat, immediately after the treaty of Saginaw was signed,\\nCampau and Smith had an altercation which would doubtless end", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 161\\ntragically had not Beaufort s calm and gentle reasoning prevailed.\\nEe was one of the seven interpreters employed during the nego-\\ntiation of the treaty of 1819.\\nJacob Gradroot, the first white man who made a permanent\\nsettlement in what was known as Lower Saginaw, married the\\ndaughter of the fierce Kish-kaw-ko. Gradroot was a German,\\nwho settled for a time at Albany, N. Y. and, moving West, found\\na home among the Indians, and a wife in the person of Miss\\nKish-kaw-ko.\\nBarney Campau, known among the Indians as Oshkinawe, was a\\niiephew of the first trader. Well fitted for either the chase or a\\ntrader s life, he whiled away his years in one or other of these\\npursuits, and was looked on by the aborigines as one who would\\nnot venture to take an advantage in buying or selling. They\\ncalled him the ik young man, and acquiesced in all his proposi-\\ntions. His knowledge of French, English and Otohipwe [Ojibway\\nor Chippewa] rendered him a very useful man during the nego-\\ntiation of the treaty of Saginaw. He was engaged as an army\\ncontractor in connection with the 3d U. S. Infantry, and in this\\ncapacity he was present at the signing of the treaty.\\nHenry Connor, or Wah-be-sken-dip, was perhaps superior to all\\nthe traders of that period in disposition and manner. He was said\\nto be a man of great muscular strength, possessing a child s\\nsimplicity, and only prominent where justice should be enforced,\\nor some important point carried. He was employed as interpreter\\nbetween IT. S. Commissioner Cass and the Chippewas, from Sept.\\nLO to 22. For some years afterward he followed the pursuit of\\ntrade, continuing to the close to merit the confidence and friend-\\nship of the Indians. Connor was present at the death of\\nTecumseh, Oct. 5, 1818, when James Whitty encountered the\\ngreat Indian and killed him. Whitty and Gen. Johnson, he\\nstated, attacked the warrior simultaneously; but the former began\\nand ended that part of the battle of the Thames.\\nWhitmore Knaggs was among the early white inhabitants of\\nthe valley. His trade with the Indians was extensive, and so\\nconducted that among the many years of his intercourse with\\nthem, he won their esteem. He was present as an interpreter,\\nduring the treaty proceedings of 1819, and his rendition of official\\nlanguage had much to do in securing the successful issue of the\\nnegotiations. He was a sub-agent to the Indian agent, and is\\nreported to have acted faithfully in that position.\\nAntoine Campau, known as Wabos, was a brother of Louis\\nCampau, and his successor in the control of the old trading-post\\nof Saginaw. In 1826 Antoine became the factor of the post and\\nheld that position until his interest was purchased by the\\nWilliams brothers, and they until the traders gave place to the\\nmerchants. Jean Baptiste Desnoyers converted the post into a\\ndwelling-house, and continued to live there until 1862. when the\\nold landmark was destroyed by tire.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "162 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nJean Provencal, or Arvishtoia, was the village blacksmith.\\nPossessing good, manly qualities, he endeared himself to his\\nwhite associates, and also to the Indians, for whom he was\\nappointed to labor. Indeed, it has been said that this blacksmith\\nclaimed a much more respectful attention from the traders and\\nIndians than was accorded to the other official, Rev. Mr. Hudson,\\na zealous missionary sent into the country by the general\\nGovernment.\\nEdward Campau. or Now-o-ke-shick, lost an arm from the acci-\\ndental discharge of his rifle. Notwithstanding the rude surgical\\noperation, which only the medicine men of that period could per-\\nform, he survived and was among the most active and most popu-\\nlar trappers. By the treaty of 1819 he was made proprietor of one\\nsection of land in the neighborhood of Grand Blanc.\\nArchibald Lyons was, like many of the white inhabitants of the\\nvalley, engaged in trapping. He did not, however, dwell within\\nSaginaw county as now constituted. During the year immediately\\npreceding the treaty of 1819, he passed much of his time around\\nthe Campau quarters, and there married the beauty of the Indian\\ntowns, Ka-ze-zhe-ah-be-no-qua. This woman was a French half-\\nbreed, peculiarly superior to all around her, intelligent and in pos-\\nsession of principles which would not sanction a wrong. After\\nthe death of her husband, Antoine Peltier married her, and again\\nthe post of the Tittabawassee was untenanted. Lyons, while skating\\ndown to Saginaw to play for a dancing party, fell through the ice,\\nand was never seen again. He was known among the Indians as\\nAi-an-i-kan-o-ta-ged, or the interpreter.\\nGabriel Godfroy, known as Menissid, was a trader from the\\nHuron. He was one of the Godfroy family to whom was granted\\nthe lands where the city of Ypsilanti now stands. His trading\\nvisits to the Saginaw Indians were made at long intervals; but his\\nacquaintance, acquired during his official intercourse with them as\\na sub-agent, was extensive, and consequently when the treaty was\\nproposed, he was asked to be present. His name appears among\\nthose of the signatory witnesses, Sept. 24, 1819.\\nJohn Hurson and William Tuckey were sworn interpreters dur-\\ning the pendency of the treaty question. Like Beaufort, they acted\\nwell their part, and had much to do in subduing the stubbornness\\nof the barbarians. Peter Gruette and Francois Corben, both\\nfarmers, entered upon the cultivation of garden plats immediately\\nafter the cession of their lands to the United States. A reference\\nto the names subscribed to the copy of treaty will lead the reader\\nto a knowledge of the other French and American traders resident\\nat Saginaw previous to or during the year 1819.\\nHenry NeLon was another Indian interpreter, and a trader\\namong the bands of the Saginaw district. He moved with the\\nIndians to Isabella and died there a few years ago.\\nLouis Mashoue was a native of Montreal, Canada, and at an early\\nday was connected with the Northwestern Fur Company. While\\nin the employ of that company he was subjected to hardships and", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 163\\nprivations of every nature. It will be remembered that the North-\\nwestern Company required its employes to carry each 200 pounds,\\na task that few men of our day would accomplish. He was en-\\ngaged in nearly every encounter of his company with the Hudson\\nSay Company, and in their battles he received several severe\\nwounds. After serving 12 years in this company, he received\\nan honorable discharge, and soon after came to this county. He\\nhas been, as near as we can learn, a resident of Saginaw count v 20\\nyears. For several years past he has had charge of the ferry at\\nthe upper end of Saginaw City. He was at his post as usual on\\nNov. 15, 1853, and while crossing his scow with a horse and buggy\\naboard, was precipitated into the river by the horse, which became\\nunmanageable from fright, and leaped from the scow into the river\\nwith the buggy, taking with him Mr. Mashoue. It was supposed\\nthat Mr. Mashoue received a severe blow on the back of his neck\\nfrom the horse s head, and was so stunned as to be unable to\\nmake an effort for his life, and went to the bottom in about 14 feet\\nof water. His body was recovered after about 30 minutes search,\\nbut the skill of physicians in attendance could not restore him. He\\nwas 70 years of age.\\nCapt. Joseph F. Marsac was born near Detroit on Christmas\\nDay, 1793. He was present on the treaty ground of Saginaw^ in\\n1819, in company with the U. S. Commissioner, Gov. Cass, and\\nbecame a permanent settler in the valley in 1838. The title\\n1 laptain was given him during the Black Hawk war, when\\nwith a party of men he and Capt. Swarthout went to the front.\\nMarsac was the happiest model of the French-American. Genial\\nas a man can be, he endeared himself to all. He died a few years\\nago, leaving behind him an honored name. As recently as March\\n20, 1878, Marsac Hied an affidavit before Notary Public Win.\\nDaglish, of Bay City, explanatory of the treachery which resulted\\nin robbing James MeCormick of the magnificent Indian present of\\n640 acres of land. He was present at that treaty, in 1837, and\\nstates under oath that Commissioner Schoolcraft promised that\\nthat article of the treaty would be faithfully observed by the U. S.\\nGovernment, and upon this assurance the red men signed the\\ndocument.\\nLeon Suay, a hunter and trapper of great repute, dwelt in a log\\nhouse, erected by the American Fur Company, which stood near\\nthe spot where the first school-house of East Saginaw was built,\\nnow occupied by the Bancroft House. He belonged to the better\\nclass of French traders, and held the military title of Captain.\\nFor many years previous to 1840 Captain Suay was favorably\\nknown to the American pioneers.\\nJack Smith, an improvident trader, visited the valley for the first\\ntime in 1821. His trading house was established in 1830, north\\nof Campairs on the river front. His trade was limited as the\\nhouse in which it was conducted, a small log house, thatched-\\nwith salt-marsh grass. He left the country at an early day. His\\nproperty he left unbequeathed.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "164 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nOther traders established posts here at a later date, but the\\nrapid advance of the cities, under the regime of enterprise banished\\nthe old-time trading-post and erected on its ruins magnificent\\nhouses devoted to trade.\\nTHE GARRISON OF FORT SAGINAW.\\nIn the treaty paper the names of soldiers and citizens participat-\\ning in that important transaction are given. Here it will be neces-\\nsary to notice only the next important military movement in con-\\nnection with this county. Early in 1822 it appeared to the Terri-\\ntorial Government, that their new acquisitions on the Saginaw\\nwould be utterly worthless unless the articles of the treaty could\\nbe carried out in full. Owing to the great number of Indians\\nthen inhabiting the district a civil government would prove as\\nmischievous as impolite, particularly as the warriors of the tribe\\nwere characteristically wild if not savage, and beyond the range\\nor power of merely civil government. Aware of this, the Legislative\\nCouncil asked for special powers from the United States, which,\\nbeing conferred, a detachment of United States troops was\\nordered to proceed from, the military outpost of Green Bay en route\\nfor the treaty ground of the Saginaws. During the first days of\\nJuly, 1822, two companies of the 3d U. S. Infantry embarked at\\nFort Howard for the mouth of the Saginaw river, under command\\nof Major Daniel Baker. The command arrived below the present\\nlocation of Bay City, where the men and stores were transferred\\nfrom the transport to canoes and flat-boats for the ascent of the\\nriver, and the entire command pushed forward to its destination.\\nThe troops arrived at a point on the river near the location of the\\nJackson, Lansing Saginaw R. R. depot, July 25, 1822. Disem-\\nbarking, they marched to the plateau, and pitched their tents\\nupon the ground where the Taylor House block now stands. Sub-\\nsequently the men raised a block house, surrounded it with a\\nstrong stockade, and literally built a fortress in the heart of the\\nwilderness.\\nNotwithstanding all the promises made by the Indians, not a\\nfew of them looked with jealousy upon the new-comers and their\\nlabors. A council was held and the designs of the American\\nsoldiers fully discussed; but the peace party prevailed, and the\\ntroops were permitted to pursue their operations unmolested, until\\na building defensive and offensive in all its belongings rose above\\nthe river. The officers of this garrison were: Major, Daniel Baker;\\nCaptains, John Garland, S. H. Webb; Lieutenants, Otis Wheeler,\\nEdward Brooks, Henry Bainbridge, Charles Baker, Wm. Allen,\\nand Surgeon, Zina Pitcher. The last named officer joined the\\ncommand in October, while the Surgeon, accompanied by Whit-\\nmore Knaggs, arrived overland from Detroit on the evening of\\nJuly 25, 1822. The families of Maj. Baker, Capt. Garland, and\\nLieut. Brooks accompanied the command, as also John Dean, sutler;\\nChauncey Bush, Elliot Gray and T. C. Sheldon, army contractors.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 165\\nHarvey Williams, John Hamilton, E. S. Williams and Schuyler\\nHodges arrived at the Fort in December, 1822.\\nIt is related by Surgeon Pitcher that the winter of 1822- 3 was\\nvery cold, and much snow fell. When spring came on the rapid\\nsolution of it caused a great flood in the littabawassee and other\\ntributaries of the Saginaw, so that most of the prairie between the\\npost and Green Point was under water. The succeeding summer\\nwas very warm, and the troops, unused to the climate, became\\nsickly as early as July, when, late the following fall, they aban-\\ndoned tin fort, and moved to Detroit by water, in two schooners,\\none commanded by Capt. Keith and the other byCapt. Walker.\\nBefore the departure of the troops, in September, 1823, Lieut.\\nCharles Baker, a brother of the officer in command, and Lieut. Wm.\\nAllen, succumbed to disease. A few private soldiers died within the\\nyear of occupation, and were buried near the fort. These deaths,\\nami the wane of that esprit d/u corps so necessary for troops, had\\nsuch a detrimental effect that nothing less than removal from the\\ndistrict was called for. Maj. Baker, sympathizing with the men\\nof his command, reported that nothing but Indians, muskrats\\nand bull-frogs could possibly exist here. 1 The War Department\\nbeing made aware of this state of affairs ordered the evacuation\\nof the post. Of the officers and men who lived to reach another\\nstation, there are only a few survivors. All have served with the\\nU. S. regiment in the Mexican campaign.\\nTHE AMERICAN FTJR COMPANY\\nestablished a post at Saginaw in August, 1824-, with William Mc-\\nDonald as trader. This post occupied the abandoned fort, a\\nshort distance southwest of Tampan s trading house, where the\\nTaylor House now stands. For more than two years McDonald\\ntransacted the company s affairs, winning for his post an import-\\nant position. In 1827 Eleazer Jewett was the next factor. Pat-\\nrice Reaume, of the Tittabawassee post, was put in charge of the\\nstore at Saginaw; but his irascible qualities opposed the interests\\nof the company, and so led to his withdrawal from the Saginaw\\ndistrict. He was suceeded by Ephraim S. Williams in L828. This\\nearly trader employed Jacob Oraveradt, Louis Roy and F. Roy to\\nassist him in taking supplies from Detroit. The journey to Sag-\\ninaw was duly performed and the company s post reopened. In\\nthe course of a few years the Williams brothers purchased the\\nrights of the American Fur Company, ultimately the interests of\\nthe Campau brothers, and became the great fur traders of North-\\nern Michigan. During those early years Judge Abbott, of Detroit,\\nwas the chief factor of the company, and wisely made the appoint-\\nment which resulted so beneficially to his employers and finally to\\nthe energetic trader whom he sent into this wild territory.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "166 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTUBLIC ECONOMY REVOLUTIONIZED.\\nIt was deemed politic by the\u00e2\u0080\u009e principals of the American Fur\\nCompany as well as by the Indian, French and American trapper, to\\nexert every influence which might have a tendency to turn the tide\\nof immigration away from the Saginaw Valley. To accomplish\\nthis they failed not on every occasion to give woful accounts of the\\ncountry. Such accounts were verified by others who merely saw\\nthe marsh land bordering on the river. Even the Government\\nsurveyors seemed to have been carried away with the same idea.\\nRelying upon the statements of the trappers, many of them never\\nwent into the interior, and actually made their plats from the rep-\\nresentations of the interested parties. (See pages 68, 69.) Their\\nreports were, similar to their plats, fictitious, and it was not until\\n1S58 that the Government began to realize the great wrong done the\\ndistrict as well as the trick played upon the United States. A re-\\nsurvey was made during that year which resulted in spreading a\\nknowledge of the greatness of the forest, valley and the districts\\nadjacent.\\nIn closing this section of the work, it is just and proper that a\\nfew of the traits of Saginaw s first white visitors and habitants\\nshould be reviewed. The first and perhaps the noblest of those\\ntraits, was their attachment to that Republic which LaFayette com-\\nmended to them. To be known as a Frenchman, says Hub-\\nbard, was to be known as a patriot. In the times which tried\\nmen s souls, few parts of the country had more bitter or varied\\nexperience than the border counties of Michigan. The Frenchman\\nwas always our reliable and active ally, cool and unflinching in\\ndanger, and shrewd and watchful when caution was most needed.\\nIf a man was wanted for some dangerous enterprise, it was a\\nFrenchman who was chosen. Few men survive of the old habi-\\ntants who were interested and intelligent witnesses of Gen. Hull s\\nsurrender of the fort at Detroit and with it the whole territory of\\nthe Northwest to the British arms. As late as 1825 the feeling of\\nindignation was still fresh in the hearts of the French population,\\nand it would have been a vain attempt to convince one of those\\nwho witnessed and entered into the scenes of those times, that the\\naction of Hull was one of mere timidity or weakness, and not of\\nhigh treason.\\nWhittemore Knaggs, well known among the Otchipwas as well\\nas by the early settlers, and his brother, James Knaggs, equally\\nwell known, were among the truest conservators of the Union in-\\nterests in the northwest from 1812 to the total expulsion of the\\nBritish forces, and the partial annihilation of their fierce Indian\\nallies. Judge Witherell, speaking of this French trapper family,\\nsays: Capt. Knaggs was a firm and unflinching patriot in times\\nwhen patriotism was in demand, during the war of 1812. He was\\none of the Indian interpreters, spoke freely six or seven of their\\nlanguages, together with French and English, and exercised\\ngreat influence over many warrior tribes. On the surrender of", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "c^y^z^n^pz 6 ^^/t", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 169\\nDetroit to the enemy, he was ordered by the British commandant\\nto leave the country, and did so, of course; but joined the first\\ncorps of United States troops that advanced toward the frontier.\\nHe acted as guide to the division under General Winchester, and\\nmus present at their bloody defeat in the valley of the Raisin. The\\nBritish Indians dis\u00c2\u00abovered him after the surrender and determined\\nto kill him. There happened to be present an Indian whom\\nKnaggs had defended in former years, who resolved to save the\\npale-race at every hazard; but the savages would not listen to him.\\nNothing daunted, however, the brave red warrior placed himself\\nbetween Knaggs and his foes and succeeded in keeping them oft\\nfor some time, the Indians pressed closer, and as a dernier resort\\nthe red friend seized Knaggs around the waist, kept his own body\\nbetween him and his enemies and so prevented the repeated blows\\nof the tomahawk and war club from taking effect upon the head of\\nWinchester s French guide. This means of defense continued un-\\ntil the Indian sought refuge for himself and his white friend among\\na number of horses which stood harnessed close by. Here Knaggs\\nwas enabled to avoid the repeated blows aimed at his head until\\na British officer, who was not so savage as his Indian friends, in-\\nterposed and saved him from a cruel death. Knaggs survived\\nthis terrible trial for many years, and rendered good service in\\nthe negotiation of treaties with the Indians subsequently. His\\nservices at Saginaw in 1819 cannot be over-estimated. He, with a\\nband of Frenchmen, including the extensive Campau family, was\\npresent and failed not to recognize among the banded red-men\\nmany of those who sought for his blood a few short years before.\\nJames Knaggs was present at the death of Tecumseh, and was con-\\nsidered one of the most unflinching and honorable supporters of\\nthe American troops.\\nTHEIR SOCIAL RELATIONS WITH THE INDIANS.\\nIt is acknowledged that the French character is naturally social\\nand capable of ingratiating itself with civilized or uncivilized man.\\nIt differs from that of the Anglo-Saxon and even the reserved dis-\\nposition of the Spaniards in so much that it can realize all the better\\nqualities of the people it comes in contact with, sympathize with\\ntheir failings, and demonstrate a disposition at once kind and\\ngenial. Bela Hubbard, who was in the State before innovation in-\\nterfered much with the manners and customs of the French occu-\\npiers, says: I am not aware that intermarriage was very frequent,\\nor that this relationship was often entered into by the peasantry of\\nthis part of Canada. It was common enough at the remoter posts\\ndown even to times within my personal knowledge. The Indian\\ntrader, whether Frenchman, Scotsman or Yankee, prompted partly\\nby interest, usually took to himself an Indian wife. At such places\\nas Mackinaw and Sault Ste. Marie, half-breeds were numerous. The\\nclass known as voyageurs the coureurs des bois of the older times,\\nhad become, to a very considerable extent, of mixed blood. The\\n11", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "170 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nlicentious lawlessness of those wildwood rangers was not only well\\nknown, but was also a subject of much complaint at a very early\\nday. Certain it is that in many points there was greater assimila-\\ntion between the natives and the people from France than was the\\ncase with the emigrants from any other country. Between 1836 and\\n1840 in the wilderness portion of Michigan and along the large\\nstreams and channels it was not uncommon to find the solitary lodge\\nof a Frenchman, with his Indian wife, and a troop of half-breed\\nchildren. They lived more like Indians than white people. The\\nfood of this class was corn and grease, with a small supply ofpem-\\nmican.\\nTHE COURETTRS DES BOIS,\\nmade known to the world by Tom Moore in his Canadian Boat\\nSong, and living prose, were a peculiar set of mortals. Light-\\nhearted yet religious; rough in the extreme, yet capable of enter-\\ntaining and observing the finest feelings of man ;*musical, romantic,\\nnatural,they conferred on the great lakes and rivers of North America\\na name, which more than any other won for them the early notice\\nof the world of the last century.\\nThe Mackinac barge or the great canoe, was their home.\\nThroughout the livelong day they sped along plying massive oar\\nor paddle, or sleeping upon their freight, while their little vessel\\nsailed before some favoring gale. These rude masters of the lakes\\nand rivers were peculiarly French. Whether in the storm or in\\nthe calm, their spirits never drooped; ever and anon the beautifully\\nwild chant of the boatmen rose above the rush of the waters, and\\nmingling with the music of the winds, charmed those on shore as\\nwell as banished whatever little care may have brooded over the\\nheads of the voyageurs. In early days, before old Fort Saginaw\\ngave place to the Taylor House, or the Campau Trading Post fell\\ninto decay, the songs of the courier des bois were heard on the\\nriver. To preserve for the future a few of those old songs the fol-\\nlowing verses are given:\\nMon pere a fait bati maison,\\nHa, ha, ha, frit a 1 huile,\\nSont trois charpentiers qui la font,\\nFritaine, friton, fritou, poilon,\\nHa, ha, ha, frit a 1 huile,\\nFrit au beurre a 1 ognon.\\nSont trois charpentiers qui la font,\\nHa, ha, ha, frit a 1 huile,\\nQu apporte tu dans ton giron\\nFritaine, friton, fritou, poilon,\\nHa, ha, ha, frit a 1 huile.\\nQu apporte tu dans ton giron\\nHa, ha, ha, frit a 1 huile,\\nC est un pate de trois pigeons,\\nFritaine, friton, fritou, poilon,\\nHa, ha ha, frit a 1 huile.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 171\\nesl unpate de troistroia pigeons,\\nHa, ha. ha, frit a 1 huile.\\nAjssied toi e1 Ie mangeons,\\nFritaine, friton, fritou, poilon,\\nHa, ha, ha, frit a huile,\\nFrit au beurre a 1 ognon.\\nThis song could be extended ad infinitum. With the voyageurs\\nit was a common thing to go through all its verses on Thursday,\\ndevoting the entire day to it to the exclusion of all other pieces.\\nAnother song, known as Young Sophia, was very popular with\\nthose semi-barbarous men. The original contained four verses,\\nwith a chorus; but prior to the close of the voyageur period, perhaps\\none hundred more were added, so that the coureurs could have a\\nlove refrain to equal in extensiveness that which occupied every\\nwild Thursday of their career. The following lines will con-\\nvey an idea of their Sophia:\\nLa jeune Sophie\\nChantait l autre jour,\\nSon echo lui repete.\\nQue nou pas d amour\\nN est pas de hon jour.\\nJe suis jeune et belle\\nJe vieux in 1 engage\\nUu amant fidele\\nJe suis jeune Sophie.\\nMais ce vous etre belle,\\nCe n est pas de jour\\nCe n est que vos yeaux\\nQue bris a la chandelle\\nMais ce vous etre belle.\\nUnisons ensemble,\\nSon cour et le rnein,\\nPourquoi tant le defendre,\\nPuis qu il s amaient bienV\\nUnisons ensemble.\\nPoint temps de badinage,\\nEnvers mon amant;\\nCar il est jaloux:\\nTont lui port embrage.\\nPoint temps de badinage.\\nThese with a hundred other songs, were characteristics of the\\nolden days; they are now seldom heard, save when a circle of\\nFrench Canadians, gathered round the festive board, look back\\nto realize all that their countrymen and the old French pioneer ac-\\ncomplished in opening up this great continent, hi the libraries of\\nParis a collection of the ballads of the Coureur des Bois period is\\nin existence, another collection in possession of the Seminarians of\\nSt. Sulpice in Lower Canada, both of which tell of their vast num-\\nber and strange composition.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IV.\\nPIONEER SOCIETY OF THE SAGINAW VALLEY.\\nOver half a century has passed away since the American pio-\\nneers began to exercise dominion in this region of country. Those\\nyears have been full of changes and the visitor of to-day, ignorant\\nof the past of the country, could scarcely be made to realize the\\nfact that within this comparatively short period, a population\\napproximating 60,000 grew up, and now occupy the country.\\nThese people are as far advanced in all the accomplishments of\\nlife as are those of the old settlements of the old States. Schools,\\nchurches, colleges, palatial dwellings, extensive marts, busy facto-\\nries, and cultivated fields now occupy the hunting grounds and vil-\\nlage sites of the aborigines, and in every direction there are\\nevidences of wealth and progress. There are but few left of the\\nold landmarks advancing civilization and its demands have tended\\nto raze almost every monument of the red-man, to obliterate almost\\nevery trace of his occupancy.\\nPrevious to 1819, and for a few succeeding years, the only white\\ninhabitants were the Campaus, and the French trappers who made\\nhis post their home. The treaty attracted a few more white men,\\nbut not until 1822 did the Americans visit the district with a view\\nof occupying it. In 1824 the American Fur Company introduced\\na few more pale-faces to the savages, and in less than three years\\nthe first American settlers visited the land and resolved to make it\\ntheir future home.\\nIt is not strange that among the pioneer settlers of a country, a\\ndeep-seated and sincere friendship should spring up, to grow and\\nstrengthen with their years. The incidents peculiar to life in a\\nnew country, the trials and hardships, privations and destitutions,\\nare well calculated to test, not only the physical powers of endu-\\nrance but also the moral, kindly, generous attributes of manhood\\nand womanhood. Then are the times that try men s souls, and\\nbring to the surface all that there may be in them of either good or\\nbad. As a rule there is an equality of conditions that does not rec-\\nognize distinctions of class; all occupy a common level, and as\\na consequence a brotherly and sisterly feeling grows up that is as\\nlasting as time. In such a community there is a hospitality, a kind-\\nness, a benevolence, and a charity unknown and unpracticed among\\nthe older, richer and more densely populated settlements. The very\\nnature of the surroundings of these pioneers teaches them to feel\\neach other s woe and share each other s joys. An injury or wrong\\nmay be ignored, but a kind, generous, charitable act is never for-\\ngotten; the memory of old associations and kind deeds is always\\nCT2)", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 173\\ngreen. Raven locks may bleach and whiten, round cheeks become\\nsunken and hollow, the tire of intelligence vanish from the organs of\\nvision, the brow become wrinkled with care and age, and the erect\\nform bowed with the accumulating years; but the true friends of\\nlong ago are remembered as long as memory itself endures.\\nAs a general thing the men and women who first settled this\\nland were bold, fearless, self-reliant and industrious. In these\\nrespects, no matter from what country they came, there was a\\nsimilarity of character. In birth, education, religion, and language\\nthere may have been differences; but if they did exist at all, they\\nwere soon lost by association, and a common interest united all.\\nIn pioneer life there are always incidents of peculiar interest, not\\nonly to the pioneers themselves, but also to posterity. It is a mat-\\nter of regret that the old settlers did not continue to hold their an-\\nnual meetings, for a record of the reminiscences related at such\\nmeetings would be the direct means of preserving to the literature\\nof the Republic the history of every community. Aside from the\\nhistoric importance of such reunions, they would serve to enliven\\nand cement old friendships and renew old memories that might\\nhave been interrupted by the innovations of progress. In the Sag-\\ninaw Valley the pioneers were not slow to observe all that was\\nlost to themselves and their new neighbors by the want of an or-\\nganization. In 1873 a movement to organize a society was entered\\nupon and proved successful in its results.\\nThe executive committee of the pioneer society met at the court-\\nhouse in Saginaw City, Jan. 6, 1874, for the purpose of arranging\\nthe details of a reunion of old settlers. Hon. Albert Miller pre-\\nsided, with George F. Lewis, secretary. Moses B. Hess, the sec-\\nretary of the society, was absent. The members of the executive\\ncommittee present were W. R. McCormick, J. Blackmore, Geo.\\nDavenport, Samuel Shattuck, with the president and acting secre-\\ntary. After some discussion, a program for the carrying out of\\nthe first annual meeting of the society, to be held Feb. 21, 1874,\\nwas adopted. Geo. F. Lewis, Joshua Blackmore and Geo. Daven-\\nport were appointed a committee to provide dinner for the pioneers\\nafter the annual meeting. Geo. F. vanfleit, Geo. Davenport and\\nW. R. McCormick subscribed their names as members of the\\nsociety.\\nFIRST ANNUAL MEETING.\\nThe first regular meeting of the Pioneer Society of Saginaw Val-\\nley took place on Saturday, Feb. 21, 1874, within the court-house\\nat Saginaw City. Hon. Albert Miller, who was elected president\\nat the meeting for organization, presided, with Moses B. Hess as\\nsecretary. A constitution and set of by-laws were adopted, after\\nwhich C. W. Grant moved that the names of many pioneers, as\\nsuggested by Geo. F. Lewis and Joshua Blackmore, should be in-\\nserted on the roll of honorary members. This motion was carried,\\nand the following named persons were chosen members of the so-", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "174 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nciety: Harvey Williams, E. R Swarthout, Geo. Oliver, Nan-qua-\\nchic-a-ming, Judge Eleazer Jewett, Benjamin Cushaway, Sidney\\nCampbell, Mrs. A. M. Kichman, Mrs. 8. Bullock, Mrs. E. Koger,\\nMrs. B. Barring, Mrs. Harvey Williams, Mrs. Judge Ure, Mrs.\\nH. Miller, Mrs. Orrin Kennv, Mrs. W. Trombley, Mrs. A. Butts,\\nMrs. Noah Beach, Mrs. A. K. Swarthout, Mrs. C. A. Lull, Mrs.\\nAlbert Miller, Mrs. E. C. Kimberley, Mrs. B. Cushaway, Mrs.\\nJudge Jewett, Mrs. Henry, Mrs. Malone, Mrs. Joseph Trombley.\\nAfter the adoption of Mr. Grant s motion, it was resolved to\\nhold a meeting Feb. 28, for the purpose of electing delegates to a\\nconvention of old settlers to be held at Detroit, March 11, to con-\\nsider the advisability of forming a State Pioneer Society.\\nIn the afternoon the literary and social features of the meeting\\nwere presented. Addresses were delivered by President Albert\\nMiller, W. K. McCormick, Charles D. Little, Geo. F. Lewis, C.\\nW. Grant and others. The dinner was given at the Taylor House,\\nand was, perhaps, the most characteristic dinner party on record.\\nOld people met together after years of toil, chatted about the olden\\ntimes and lived the past again.\\nThe President, addressing the meeting, said:\\nFellow Pioneers, Ladies and Gentlemen I am sorry the duty\\nof addressing you did not devolve upon some one more capable of\\nperforming the service acceptably, for the occasion is one that\\nmight call forth eloquence from one possessed of that gift. As-\\nsembled as we are, for a re-union of a remnant of a band of\\npioneers who first settled in the Saginaw Yalley, on this day,\\nwhich is celebrated as the aniversary of the birth-day of the Father\\nof his country, who was first in war, first in peace, and first in the\\nhearts of his countrymen; who, by the rare qualities of his head\\nand heart, and in consequence of his unbounded patriotism and\\nstrict integrity, was the main instrument in the hands of an All-\\nwise Providence in conquering a powerful foe, and in establishing\\nfor us a free government, under which it has been possible for the\\ninstitution we planted here in the wilderness to flourish, and the\\ngrowth and prosperity of our beautiful valley within the last forty\\nyears is a type of the progress of our whole country within the\\nlast century ._ And what the progress of our valley has been since\\n1830, when its whole extent was little more than a past wilderness,\\nmay be conjectured by comparing the commencement of some of\\nour institutions and industries with their present condition.\\nI first became a resident of that portion of the Saginaw\\nYalley which is comprised within the limits of Genesee county, in\\nthe fall of 1830, shortly before the United States census of that\\nyear was taken. At that time Saginaw (which comprised all the\\nterritory between the Flint river and the straits of Mackinaw) con-\\ntained 28 inhabitants who were called white. (There were counted\\nsome of very dark complexion and of doubtful origin to get that\\nnumber.) What is now Genesee county, which was the only\\nremaining portion of the valley that was then settled, had a popu-\\nlation of 70. So, then, the Saginaw Yalley had a population of", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 175\\nabout 100 whites, all told. Forty years after that date, in 1870,\\nthe six counties over which our society extends, contained a popu-\\nlation of 117,706, and estimating for the increase since that time,\\nwe may safely set the present population down at 150,000, not a\\nhad showing: nearly live times the number in all Michigan at* the\\ntime first mentioned. Within the limits above referred to, there\\nare four cities, containing in the aggregate over 50,000 souls, and\\nmore than 20 villages with a population ranging from 100 for the\\nleast to 3,000 for the largest.\\nk The facilities for communication between those sparse settle-\\nments, 4o years ago, were not the best that ever were. Such was the\\ncondition of the road between Flint and Grand Blanc in the spring\\nof 1831, when my mother and sisters came to reside with me, that\\nI purchased a farm in the last named settlement, to avoid the\\njourney through the Grand Blanc woods, though otherwise I should\\nhave preferred a residence at Flint, and was offered as a gift, one\\nacre of land (which includes the present site of the Fenton Block in\\nthat city) to build upon, if I would settle there and purchase for a\\nfarm the 80-acre lot, upon which the Thread mills are now located.\\nThe lot was then Government land.\\nForty-two years ago last fall, John Todd, Phineas Thompson\\nand myself spent two weeks in building bridges and clearing the\\ntrail of fallen timber between Flint and Saginaw, so as to make it\\npossible for sleighs to pass between the two points in winter. All\\ncommunication between other portions of the valley were by Indian\\ntrails, except on the rivers where the canoe was universally adopted\\nas a means of conveyance. There are those present who came\\nfrom Flint to Saginaw by way of the river, being obliged to haul\\ntheir boats and transport their baggage by hand around the drift-\\nwood which obstructed the navigation of the stream for a long\\ndistance. At one time that, by the way of the river, was the only\\nmode of travel for ladies, who dare not undertake a journey of 40\\nmiles through the wilderness on horseback, and the river route\\ninvolved the necessity of camping in the woods one or more nights\\nwhile on the way. But now we can reach the center of either of\\nthe six counties in a little more than an hour s ride, and in a short\\nride of two hours we can penetrate the regions north and west of\\nus, which in the early days of our settlement here, was supposed\\nwould remain an unbroken wilderness for generations to come.\\nBut now we can ride in palace cars, the magnificence of which the\\npioneer could have no conception, except by reading a description\\nof the palaces produced by the genii of Aladdin s lamp.\\nThe means of conveying intelligence from one part of our\\ncountry to another even in the older settled portions of it forty\\nyears ago, were not what the people of the present day would\\nexpect them to have been then. In 1830, 31, 32 and 33,\\nit ordinarily took about three weeks to convey a letter from my\\nhome in Michigan to my former home in Yermont, and the same\\ntime for the return of an answer. I well remember with what delight\\nI received my first letter from Vermont, and with what pleasure", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "176 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nI perused its contents while sitting on a stump of a large oak tree\\nwhich I had just felled, near the site of the present court-house in\\nGenesee county. The letter was handed to me by some person\\nwho brought it from Grand Blanc, then the most northerly post-\\noffice in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. That postoffice was\\nsupplied with a mail from Pontiac once in two weeks. Rufus\\nStevens, the postmaster at Grand Blanc, transported the mail between\\nthe two points for the proceeds of that office; and notwithstanding\\nthe fact that he received 25 cents for each letter (delivered from his\\noffice) which had been carried over 300 miles, and that he had a\\nmonopoly of all the postoffice business in the Saginaw Valley, in-\\ncluding a part of Oakland and Lapeer counties, his compensation\\nfor carrying the mail was very meager.\\nIn making these comparisons I shall not attempt to give sta-\\ntistics, but merely call attention to the state of the country as it\\nexisted when the pioneers first took up their residence in this wil-\\nderness), and as it now exists, letting the imagination of my hearers\\ntrace the wonderful progress that has been made, and contrast the\\nfew privileges that were accorded to the pioneers, with the many\\nthat are enjoyed by the inhabitants of the present day. Now\\nour postoffice facilities are such that almost every village and ham-\\nlet in our whole valley has a daily mail, and some of our cities\\nhave four or five; and instead of paying 25 cents for the convey-\\nance of a letter 300 miles, for three cents a letter is carried across\\nthe continent, and in less time than some letters had to wait in the\\npost-office at Pontiac, for conveyance to Grand Blanc. And beside\\nour post-office facilities, we have the electric telegraph (which I con-\\nsider the greatest invention of this or any other age) by means of\\nwhich intelligence is flashed with lightning speed from one end of\\nthe civilized world to the other, and all the important occurrences\\nof a day are printed in our daily papers and presented for our pe-\\nrusal early on the following morning. Well may the pioneer\\nnow repeat with wonder the message which the great inventor\\npermitted Miss Ellsworth to dictate, for the first one to pass over\\nthe magic wires, What hath God wrought!\\nI shall next refer to the progress of our educational institutions\\nas a subject of primary importance, for without intelligence dif-\\nfused among the masses of our people a free government can not\\nbe obtained, and the earliest pioneers of the valley were alive to\\nthe importance of educating those who should after them possess\\nthe land. As early as 1830, or in the summer of 1831, a school-\\nhouse was built in the Perry settlement at Grand Blanc, and one\\nterm of school taught previous to the winter of 1831- 2. During\\nthe winter last referred to, I taught about 20 scholars in that\\nschool-house, who gathered from the settlements around; and that\\nI believe, was the second term of school ever taught within the\\npresent limits of the six counties.\\nIn the winter of 1834- 5, I taught school in a portion of the\\nold barracks erected, by the soldiers in 1822, which occupied the\\npresent site of the Taylor House in this city. I had in attendance", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 177\\nfrom 12 to 20 scholars, some of whom were half-breeds; that was\\nthe first school taught in Saginaw county. For a contrast between\\nthe past and present you have only to imagine the little dingy\\nroom, made of hewn logs, where were gathered all the children\\nwithin two or three miles around, to be instructed by one\\nteacher, for a few weeks in winter, and then turn your\\neyes toward the windows and behold the temple of science erected\\nby one of our cities, at an expense of $100,000, which is fur-\\nnished like a palace, and provided with a corps of a dozen or more\\nteachers, who are instructing, during 10 months of the year, hun-\\ndreds of children from the rudiments to the higher branches of an\\neducation.\\nOur religious privileges, or the want of them in early days,\\nmust not be forgotten. There are those present who heard Mr.\\nFraser, then of the Ohio Conference, preach the first sermon that\\nwas ever delivered in Saginaw. But they are not present who\\nsheared his horse s mane and tail as a punishment for boldly\\npivaching against the besetting sin of the place. It was not the\\nnoi se that preached the sermon for which he was punished, but the\\nminister; but afterward the horse, with his shorn mane and tail,\\npreached so powerfully, that I am not sure he did not convert our\\nMethodist brother to the doctrine of man s total depravity.\\nIt was in 1832 or 1833. that Mr. Fraser was here; he came to\\nSaginaw but a few times, and after he left we had no preaching un-\\ntil 1835, when the Rev. William H. Brockway came and remained\\nwith us one year. Some who are present will remember him as\\nan athletic young man, who, upon his arrival with us, mingled\\nfreely with the pioneers, and if he saw dram-drinking, or heard\\nprofane language, he would rebuke the sin in a mild, friendly\\nway that would be heeded far more readily than if the offender had\\nbeen denounced with wrath to come. If he was at the raising of\\na building, he was invariably rendering such efficient aid as few\\ncould bestow. If the farmer was in the harvest field, or at any\\nother employment, or if Mr. Brockway was his guest, he was sure\\nto be at his side, performing more labor than any other one pres-\\nent (when in the pulpit, I was going to say, but there was not a\\npulpit within sixty miles of him). When preaching, he was bold\\nand impressive. He did not mince matters there and in prayer,\\nhe was powerful, wrestling with the Almighty for a blessing, seem-\\ning unwilling to let him go until he had obtained it. At that time\\nthere was no religious organization in the county, and if it was to be\\nsaved from destruction on the terms awarded to the City of the\\nPlains, there were not half enough righteous men to save it. But\\nnotwithstanding all that, every house was open for a home for Mr.\\nBrockway, and he was treated with as much kindness and consid-\\neration as if he had all the time been with his Methodist brethren.\\nThere was no special revival, or awakening, during his stay; but\\nthere are those living who believe that a revival which occurred\\non the Tittabawassee years afterward, was in answer to Mr.\\nBrockway s prayer, made in that locality.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "178 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nIn 1836 there was a large accession to our population, and\\namong those who located here at the time were many good Chris-\\ntian people. A Presbyterian Church was organized, which for a\\ntime was under the pastoral care of Rev. H. L. Miller, and from\\nthat time there was a marked change in the morals of the place.\\nThe Sabbath was more generally observed, and many who had for\\nyears been deprived of the privilege of attending religious wor-\\nship regularly, availed themselves of it then. In 1836 the old\\nschool-house (which is now a part of the Methodist parsonage) was.\\nbuilt, which answered some years for a school-house, church,\\ncourt-house, town-hall, lecture and showroom, etc. Some pres-\\nent will remember with gratitude the team furnished by the late\\nNorman Little and driven by Erastus Yaughan, which in winter,\\non Sabbath mornings, would stop at the door of every house where\\nthe inmates were in the habit of attending meeting, and take them\\nto the school-house, and after service carry them all home.\\nIn the fall of 1838 there was a revival of religion in a pro-\\ntracted meeting conducted by the Rev. O. Parker, who is now, at\\nan advanced age, engaged in the work of an evangelist. In that\\nmeeting there were several conversions, some of whom at that time\\ntook upon themselves vows of fidelity to their Redeemer, lived to\\nadorn their Christian profession by lives consistent therewith, be-\\nfore they were called home to receive their reward, while others\\nyet remain, waiting for the summons; so that the good work pro-\\ngressed, till now we see the church spire pointing heavenward\\nfrom every portion of our valley. We have earnest, intelligent Chris-\\ntian ministers instructing the people from Sabbath to Sabbath in\\nthe way of salvation; and in our Sunday-schools there are thou-\\nsands of children receiving instruction in the word of God; fitting\\nthem for the position (which we hope they will occupy) of Chris-\\ntian men and women.\\nIn 1834 there was but one saw running on the Saginaw river;\\nthat was before the day of mulay saws, but the machinery that pro-\\npelled that saw was fearfully and wonderfully made. Charles A.\\nLull was the sash, and I was the pitman. When I was a lumber-\\nman, the season s cutting for one saw was estimated at one million\\nfeet, We fell short of that amount that year; but we did cut\\nenough to lay the floor in Mr. Lull s log house that he built on his-\\nfarm, which is now in the town of Spaulding, and which was the\\nfirst house built in Saginaw county away from the banks of the-\\nriver.\\nIn 1835, Messrs. Harvey and G. D. E. S. Williams built\\nthe steam saw-mill just above the foot of Mackinaw street, in this\\ncity; and so little was known at this time about running saw-mills\\neconomically, that when they commenced to build their mill they\\ncontracted for large quantities of cord-wood to be delivered, for\\nfuel with which to run it. It is not necessary for me to trace the\\nprogress of the lumber business from that time to the present,\\nwhen it has attained such enormous proportions. Last year there\\nwere manufactured in the valley over 619,000,000 feet of lumber,.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 179\\nwhich, in order to give some idea of the magnitude of the busi-\\nI will say that if the lumber had all been cut into one and\\none-half inch plank, there would be sufficient to lay a walk three\\nfeet wide around the circumference of the earth, and have 25,000,000\\nleft.\\nMany who are present to-day will remember the genial, tal-\\nented and now greatly lamented Dr. Houghton, who many years\\nago lost his life while prosecuting his researches in bringing to\\nlight the hidden riches of the Peninsular State, and who, I believe,\\nwas the first to adopt the theory and define the limits of our great\\nsalt basin, which theory has been very nearly verified by subse-\\nquent development of facts. You remember also the undertaking\\nof the State, under Dr. Houghton s supervision, to develop the\\nsalt interest, near the mouth of the Salt river, far up the Tittaba-\\nwassee; which point Dr. Houghton selected in opposition to his\\nbetter judgment, tearing that in case of a possible failure, if he\\nundertook to penetrate the salt rock in the lower part of the valley,\\nhe would be voted a humbug by the people, and the development\\nof one of the great interests of Michigan be indefinitely postponed.\\nThe work of sinking a well was prosecuted under many diffi-\\nculties till they had reached a depth of about two hundred feet,\\nwhen difficulties incident to such operations occurred at the well,\\nwhich delayed the business till our great State became bankrupt,\\nand unable to furnish more money to prosecute the work, and it\\nwas abandoned, and twenty years passed away before another ef-\\nfort was made to penetrate the salt rock of the Saginaw Valley.\\nIn the meantime other scientific men so fully demonstrated the\\ncorrectness of the theory adopted by Dr. Houghton, that some\\nenterprising citizens of East Saginaw determined to penetrate the\\nearth, and bring forth the riches that had so long remained be-\\nneath its surface. Their enterprise proved a success, as has every\\nother one of the same kind that has been undertaken in this part\\nof the valley. Last year there was produced over 800,000 barrels\\nof salt, for which there was paid to the manufacturers nearly\\n11,250,000.\\nThe wealth lying beneath our rivers and marshes is greater\\nthan that of any equal span in the rich State of California. The\\ngold placers of California will be exhausted while the wealth be-\\nneath us is a perennial spring, which will flow, to enrich the inhabi-\\ntants of our valley till the great convulsion which shall overwhelm\\nall sublunary things. The commerce of our river must necessarily\\nhave kept pace with the other material interests of our valley.\\nThere are those present who remember when the Savage, a\\nschooner of 10 tons burden, was the only craft, larger than the\\nredman s canoe, that disturbed the placid waters of our beautiful\\nriver; and two trips of that craft per year was sufficient for all the\\ncarrying trade of both the white man and red; and the supplies\\nthat were brought in were in proportion of four barrels of whisky\\nto one of pork and two of flour; and sometimes when the vessel", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "180 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwas discharging her cargo the people would wonder what would\\nbe done with so much pork and flour.\\nIn the winter ofl847- 8, when the schooner Julia Smith, of\\n60 tons burden, was built at Saginaw with a view of trading be-\\ntween this city, Detroit and other ports, the people thought we\\nwere making wonderful progress; and so we were. But let us look\\nat the progress made since that date. A large portion of the hun-\\ndreds of millions of feet of lumber and the hundreds of thousands\\nof barrels of salt, are exported by water, and the imagination must\\nfurnish the details of the amonnt of shipping necessary to do all\\nthis business; for I find I am extending this address beyond the\\nlimits I first intended, and there are many other matters of interest\\nthat I would fain have mentioned to-day, but for want of time I\\nmust defer till some other occasion.\\nWe, my fellow pioneers, who have witnessed the growth and\\nprogress of the material interests of our valley during the last 40\\nyears, had great anticipations for its future, or we never would\\nhave been willing to have undergone the privations and hardships\\nwe did in making this our home; but can one of us put his hand\\non his heart and truthfully say, that those anticipations have\\nnot been fully realized? And now let us thank our Heavenly\\nFather that He has so far permitted us to realize the consummation\\nof our earthly desires, and that so many of us are still living to\\nenjoy the fruits of our early labors. The material progress of our\\nvalley will not stop now, the prosj3ect for its future prosperity was\\nnever brighter than it is to-day; greater manufacturing interests\\nother than salt and lumber will soon be ranged along the banks of\\nour river, giving employment to thousands, who will hereafter be\\nsupplied with the products of our soil, which, when properly drained\\nand cultivated, will yield such bountiful crops as cannot be pro-\\nduced in any other locality in this latitude.\\n1 1 But, my fellow pioneers, we will not be here to see the full\\ndevelopment of all the resources of the Saginaw Valley, for accord-\\ning to the common course of nature, in a few more days or years\\nthe places that knew us here on earth will know us no more for-\\never; and may those days and years be so spent that, when the\\nsummons comes to call us from these scenes, which we have so\\nloved and cherished, we shall be ready; having a well-grounded\\nhope of meeting our dear ones who have gone before, in the man-\\nsions above, where there will be no more parting, where our blessed\\nSavior has gone to prepare a place for those who love and serve\\nHim.\\nREMINISCENCES BY HON. W. R. m cORMICK.\\nMy father removed with his family from Albany, N. Y., to\\nMichigan, in the summer of 1832. I was then a boy of 10 years.\\nWe came by canal to Buffalo. From there we crossed the lake in\\nthe steamer Superior. My father paid $50 for a steerage\\npassage to Detroit, where we arrived the first of August. Detroit", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 181\\nwas then but a small place, not nearly as large as Bay City is now.\\nHere he rented some rooms for his family until he could go into\\nthe country and lind a location for a farm. By the advice of the\\nlate John !R. Williams, an old Albanian who was living in Detroit,\\nhe decided to go to Saginaw. After seeing his family settled, he\\nstarted with my two brothers, Robert and the late James J., for\\nSaginaw, with a horse and wagon which we had brought with us.\\nIt was some time before we heard from them; my mother became\\nquite anxious. At length James returned with the horse and\\nwagon, accompanied by a young man whose name was Miller.\\nThis was the first time I ever saw the honored President of our\\nsociety. My father wrote to my mother that he had bought a\\npiece of land containing 125 acres, of a Mr. Ewing, a half-\\nbreed title, on the north side of the river and east of Saginaw\\nstreet, now in the city of Flint, comprising at present a portion of\\nthe 1st ward of that city, for $125.\\n,fc My mother hired a man by the name of Mosher with his team\\nto take the family and household goods to Flint river, as it was\\nthen called. We took our own horse and wagon, and were three\\ndays in reaching Grand Blanc. We could go no farther with the\\nteam, as this was the terminus of the wagon road. There was a\\nbush road cut on the Indian trail down to the Flint river, by which\\nsleighs had gone through in the winter. My mother paid off the\\nteamster, and lie returned to Detroit. We here left what little\\nhousehold goods we had, and the next morning started for the\\nFlint river, my mother and the smaller children riding in the\\nwagon, and the rest of us going afoot. We had to cut away the\\nbrush and trees on each side of the trail to let our wagon pass\\nthrough. It took us all day to reach the Thread, which is one and\\na half miles south of Flint river, and a hard day s work it was,\\nalthough the distance accomplished was but six miles. Here we\\nmoved into a little log house until my father could build some-\\nthing suitable to live in on the place he had bought. With the\\nassistance of my brothers he soon built a house on the north bank\\nof the river, and on the east side of what is now Saginaw street,\\nnear w T here the north end of the bridge now is. John Todd lived\\non the south bend of the river, and on the west side of Saginaw\\nstreet. The late Judge Stowe lived about 40 rods below on the\\nnorth bank of the river, in the old Indian trading house of Jacob\\nSmith. These three houses constituted what is now the city of\\nFlint.\\nAfter getting his family settled, my father turned his attention\\nto securing provisions for the winter. There was plenty of venison\\nto be got of the Indians, but there was no pork in that part of the\\ncountry; so he and George Oliver, now of East Saginaw, started\\ndown the Flint in a canoe for Saginaw, to try to buy some pork,\\nand at the same time to see the country. They were gone 10 or\\n12 days. They finally bought some pork of a man by the name\\ni f McClelland, I believe. They then commenced their return, and\\nod the way up the river camped on the old Indian Field, about", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "182 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nseven miles south of what is now Bridgeport Center, and about 14\\nmiles from Saginaw City by the present road. My father took a\\ngreat fancy to this old Indian field, which contained about 150\\nacres, without a stump or a stone and ready for the plow, where\\nhe could raise enough to support his family. The Indians had\\nleft years before because the grub worms had eaten on their corn.\\nThey said that the Great Spirit had sent them as a curse on the\\nland. They therefore left the place, and made new corn-fields\\nfarther up the river. On my father s return, he told my mother\\nthat he would sell his place at Flint at the first opportunity, and\\nwould remove down the river on the old Indian fields, where he\\ncould raise better and more extensive crops.\\nThis year Rufus W. Stevens moved from Grand Blanc to Flint,\\nand James Cronk built a log house half-way between the Flint and\\nThread. The late Judge Davenport, of this city, had built a small log\\nhouse near Hamilton s saw-mill, but had left it and removed back\\nto Grand Blanc. In this building the first school was started; the\\nfloor was made of split basswood logs, and the roof was\\nmade of basswood logs hollowed out, overlapping one an-\\nother. In one end was a large stick chimney and a window;\\nthe rest of the light furnished to that primitive school-house came\\ndown the chimney. In the rear and on the river bank was about\\nan acre of cleared land, an old Indian camping ground. This was\\nour play-ground. The scholars consisted of Leander, Albert and\\nZebediah Stevens, Corydon, Walter and Abigail Cronk, Edwin\\nTodd, Adaline and Emeline Stow, William K., Ann, Elizabeth and\\nSarah McCormick. The boys, as a general thing, were full of\\nmischief and hard on clothes. Our mothers were all visiting one\\nday at Mrs. Stevens and they came to the conclusion that they\\ncould keep no pants on us, without they dressed us in buckskin\\nbreeches. The next week six of us came out in our new pants.\\nAt first we felt very proud of them, but the feeling of pride did not\\nlast long, for opposite our play-ground there were rapids in the\\nriver, six or eight inches deep, and in our play we used to catch\\nthe girls, carry them into the rapids, and dip their feet into the\\nwater; for we all went barefooted in those days. Sometimes the\\ngirls would get the best of us, when they would push us into the\\nriver, buckskin breeches and all.\\nAny old settler knows the effect of water on buckskin, and can\\nappreciate how we would look when our pants got dry. They be-\\ngan to skrink until they got up to just below the knees. At the\\nbend of the knee they stuck out as big as your two fists, but at\\nthat part, known in strict parliamentary language as the unmen-\\ntionables, they stuck out like the hump on a camel s back else-\\nwhere they were skin-tight. They called us the buckskin raga-\\nmuffins.\\nOur teacher was once taken sick, and a young woman who had\\nlately come into the place volunteered to teach in his stead; she\\nweighed nearly two hundred, had a bran new calico gown, and a\\nhigh back comb which stuck up about six inches above her head.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "^i d(jdj c", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 1S3\\nM tliis she felt quite proud. I recollect hearing the women say\\nshe was dressed too finely for a school ma am. She was middling\\ntall and looked like a perfect Amazon. She opened the school ami\\nsaid that Bhe understood we were a hard lot of boys, but she was\\ngoing to lay down her rules, and the first one that broke them\\nshould be punished. She held in her hand a pine stick about\\none and a half inches square and about two feet long, something\\nlike a policeman s club, but larger. One of her rules was that no\\nscholar should spit on that puncheon floor. This was unnecessary,\\na^ we could spit in the cracks, which were two or three inches wide.\\nI sat next to the chimney, which, with the hearth, took up about\\none-quarter of the school-room. The boys were all looking at me\\nto Bee how I would take the new order of things; so I made a pro-\\ndigious effort and spit in the fire. This achievement made all the\\nscholars laugh. Just in front of the hearth and across the\\nroom was a low bench for the smaller children, on which there were\\nsome children at the time. Amazon called me up between this\\nseat and the fire-place, and said she would teach me not to disobey\\nher orders. She told me to hold out my hand; I did so, and when\\nthe big stick descended, I caught it and threw it into the fire. At\\nthat she seized me by the collar, when I gave her a push back.\\nHer feet caught against the seat where the little ones sat, and over\\nshe went, down among the frightened small-fry. I am sorry to\\nsay that elegant high comb was smashed all tosmithers. She was\\nup in a minute, and when she saw the damage that had been done,\\nher rage knew no bounds; she caught me by the collar and the\\nampler part of my buckskin breeches and pitched me clear across\\nthe room, my head striking against the logs on the other side, pro-\\nducing an astonishing astronomical revelation. I never saw more\\nstars at one time than suddenly glimmered through those logs. I\\ndodged her and ran out of the door. The boys always said they\\nknew why my buckskin breeches were enlarged to such extrava-\\ngant dimensions, so far exceeding my mothers calculations. I\\nwaited outside, and in a few minutes the scholars all came out,\\nsaying the school ma am had dismissed school. This was the last\\nof her teaching; so you see how I graduated with distinction.\\nMy father sold his place to a man by the name of Smith, son\\nof Jacob Smith, the Indian trader, for six hundred dollars, who\\nafterward sold it to Mr. Paine, now of Flint. My father thought\\nhe had made a great speculation. I understand this property is\\nnow worth over $200,000. We then moved down the river to the\\nIndian field spoken of before, and arrived at that place on the\\nsecond da} unloading our canoes after dark. We had no place to\\nsleep, but we went to work and built a large fire and made a\\ntent of blankets for my mother and the little children. I recol-\\nlect a circumstance that night, wiiich made me feel very bad at\\nthe time, and which I cannot even now recall without a sense of\\npain. My mother was sitting on a log close to the fire crying;\\nwe asked her what was the matter, she said she had never thought\\nshe would come to this. no roof to cover her and her babes, for at", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "184 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthat time some of the children were quite small. She had known\\nbetter times as they say. My father had been the owner of a\\nhandsome estate near Albany, and the home over which my mother\\npresided was as delightful as any which at that early day\\ngraced the banks of the noble Hudson. It was a fate that a\\nmother s heart could not easily bear, to see that beautiful home\\nsold to satisfy the debts of a ^ew York broker, for whom my fa-\\nther had undersigned; to see the toils of a life-time brought to\\nruin; to see the hopes of the future all struck down by one rude\\nand cruel blow, and to turn her face and steps toward the great\\nwilderness of the West, there to seek, with such strength as may\\nbe left, to partially retrieve the fortunes that had been so suddenly\\nwasted to redeem another s name and obligations. Hard, hard\\nindeed, was it for her when the darkness of that memorable\\nnight surrounded her in the great forests, and she wept because\\nthere was no roof to shelter her from the weather!\\nThe next morning we all went to work and on the second day\\nwe had quite a comfortable shanty to live in. We then began the\\nconstruction of a log house, which we soon finished, when we took\\ndown our shanty and moved into the house, where we lived many\\nyears. Our first year s crop was excellent. The second year we\\nsold 1,000 bushels of corn to the American Fur Co., to be taken\\nto Lake Superior for the Indians. The only draw-back we had\\nwas in converting our grain into flour. A grist-mill had been\\nbuilt at the Thread, one and a half miles south of Flint. We had\\nto take our grain in a canoe up the river some 35 miles,\\nand then get it drawn to the mill and back to the river, and then\\ncome down the river home. It usually took us four days to go to\\nmill and back, camping out every night, and the hardest kind of\\nwork at that. This work always fell on my brother James and\\nmyself; for, though a boy, I could steer a canoe, and my brother\\ncould tow it over the rapids with a rope. Our feet used to get\\nvery sore walking in the water so much. When winter came on\\nit was impossible to go to the mill, as there was no road. So in\\nthe winter evenings, we all took turns pounding corn in a mortar\\nmade in the end of a log of wood, sawed about three feet long,\\nwith a hole in one end to pound corn in, and similar to what the\\nIndians used for the same purpose in those days.\\nMany of the old settlers of Saginaw will recollect how in\\ncoming down the river they would make calculations to reach our\\nhouse to stay all night, without camping out, and how happy they\\nwere when they got there, for at that time it was the only place\\nbetween Flint and Saginaw where they could stay without camp-\\ning out.\\nThere was nothing but a trail, or bush road, between Flint and\\nSaginaw, and part of the year it was impassable, and especially\\nfor ladies; consequently most of the travel went up and down the\\nriver in canoes and skiffs.\\nIn 1835, my father went back to Albany, his native place, and\\nwas 11 days in reaching his destination. He considered it a", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 187\\nquick passage. This was before the age of railroads. When he\\nreturned, he brought a mill something like the old-fashioned cof-\\nfee-mill, but five times as large. The hopper would hold about a\\npeck, and had a handle on each feide. This was a great thing in\\nthose days, for with it we could grind a bushel of corn in an hour.\\nWe now threw away the old mortar, and stopped going to mill,\\nas we had a mill of our own. This year we had two neighbors,\\nand they used to come in the evenings to grind their corn at our\\nmill, which was worth its weight in gold to that little settlement.\\nA circumstance happened at this time that I will give, if you\\nwill have the patience to hear me. My father, being of a poetical\\nturn of mind, the day after he came back from the East, sat down\\non the bank of the river and composed the following verses, which\\nI have taken from his note book:\\nPOEM.\\nDown the banks of Flint river,\\nThis beautiful stream\\nWhere rny cottage remains,\\nI ve returned home again;\\nAnd who, in his senses,\\nCan help but believe\\nThat this was the garden\\nOf Adam and Eve\\nHere the fields yet remain,\\nWith the corn-hills in view,\\nAnd the bones we dig up\\nWhich Cain no doubt slew\\nAnd the soil is so fertile\\nWe can but believe\\nThat this was the garden\\nOf Adam and Eve.\\nSome apple-trees here yet,\\nAs relics remain,\\nTo show that a gardener\\nOnce thrived on this plain,\\nAnd in those fine days,\\nEre a snake could deceive,\\nHow happy here lived\\nOld Adam and Eve\\nThe natives we saw here\\nWere forced from their plain\\nBy a curse which they say\\nHere yet does remain\\nAnd in all their looks\\nWe can plainly perceive\\nThat these are the descendants\\nOf Adam and Eve.\\nHere the cherubim stood\\nWith their wings widely spread,\\nLest Adam should enter\\nAnd eat up that bread.\\nHere the wild sporting deer\\nYet the hunters deceive,\\nThat once furnished bacon\\nFor Adam and Eve.\\n12", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "188 HISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nHere the lofty black walnut\\nWith its boughs spreading wide,\\nAnd the elm and the haekberry\\nFlourished in pride\\nAnd a mound gently rises,\\nWhereon we perceive\\nThere once stood the altar\\nOf Adam and Eve.\\nBut far from this place\\nHave those characters flew.\\nAnd we bid them a lasting\\nAnd farewell adieu.\\nIn confidence thinking,\\nAnd still shall I believe\\nThat this was the garden\\nOf Adam and Eve.\\nIn 1836 (this was the wild-cat time) the country was overrun\\nwith persons looking for land; in fact, the people had gone land\\ncrazy. M} T father s house was crowded with land speculators, and\\nas there were only three beds in the old log house, it was neces-\\nsary to make what is called a field-bed, before the old-fashioned\\nfire-place, that would hold from 10 to 15. On one occasion we\\nhad got out of flour: so my father started my brother James and\\nmyself to Saginaw, in a canoe for some. At that time there were\\nthree drift-woods in the river\u00e2\u0080\u0094 one 60 feet, one 35 and one 12 rods\\nlong. Around these we had to draw our canoe, and carry what\\nwe had. At Saginaw we purchased two barrels of flour, for which\\nwe paid $18 per barrel. On our return it commenced raining, and\\nrained all day. We paddled till late in the night up the Flint\\nriver, to find land high enough to permit us to build a tire, dry\\nourselves and lie down. But we did not sleep long, for in the\\nmiddle of the night the water rose so that our camping ground was\\nunder water. We had to take to our canoe, and sit in it until day-\\nlight so we could see to go ahead. We soon arrived at the drift-woods.\\nHere we had another obstacle to contend with. How to get our flour\\naround was a question, as the mud and water was four inches\\ndeep; and carry the barrels we could not. There was no other\\nway but to roll them around in the mud and water. We arrived\\nat home that night, with our two barrels of flour covered all over\\nwith a coating of mud. The next winter my father sold his crop\\nof corn to parties in Saginaw, for $1-50 per bushel. As usual\\nmy brother James and myself drew it down on the ice to Saginaw,\\nand got our pay in bills on the Flint Rapids Bank.\\nA few days after our return home, my father started for Flint,\\nand found after his arrival that the Flint Rapids Bank was a wild-\\ncat concern, and had failed a day or two before. Thus was all our\\nhard year s labor gone. In the fall of 1837, my father sent me to\\nSaginaw to school. The only school-mates I then had, who are\\nnow within the jurisdiction of this society, were Michael Bailey, of\\nBay City, and Walter Cronk, of the city of Flint. The rest are all\\ngone. I was to board with Major Mosley, and to do chores night\\nand morning for my board. Major Mosley lived in one of the", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 189\\nold block houses inside the fort. This fort was located where the\\nTaylor House now stands, and part of the block east of it. It was\\nthen the highest ground near the river, but is now graded down.\\nThomas Simpson, alias Sixabogo, also lived inside the fort. I\\nbelieve he has a son living here yet, by the name of John Simp-\\nion.\\nThe school-house, if I recollect rightly, stood where the jail\\nstands now. I forget the first teacher s name. He had to quit, as\\nthe boys were too hard cases and ran the school to suit themselves.\\nThomas Simpson, now of California, was the ring-leader. Our\\nnext teacher was. Horace S. Beach. I understand he is yet liv-\\ning, and is a fanner on the Tittabawassee. Mr. Beach was a kind-\\nhearted man, and an excellent teacher. He had a lot of hard boys\\nto contend with, but he was equal to the emergency, and soon\\nbrought order out of chaos. I will relate an incident that occurred\\nin the winter of 1838. Walter Cronk was living with his uncle,\\nJudge Davenport, and going to school. Walter and I fell out\\nabout something while in the school-room. He said he would\\nwhip me when school let out for nooning. So while going out of\\nthe door, he gave me a kick, which pitched me headlong oft* the\\nicy steps. This got my Scotch up, and at it we went. Walter\\nwas more than a match for me, but accidentally I got my hand in\\nhis neckerchief, and before he was aware of it, I had blackened\\nboth of his eyes. He got me down, and was paying me back with\\ninterest, when the master came out, and marched us both into the\\nschool-house. He told us then to go home, and he would settle with\\nus after dinner; but Walter s eyes looked so bad he was ashamed to\\ngo home for dinner, and stayed at school. At this time, south of\\nwhere the court-house now is, there was a thicket of blue beeches.\\nI took a hasty dinner, and hurried back to school, where I\\nfound Walter, and made up friends; but we were, meantime,\\nglancing out of the back window looking for the master. It was not\\nlong before we saw him coming out of the blue-beech thicket, with\\nfive good-sized blue beeches ;over his shoulder. The boys all\\nshouted we would catch it, They need not have told us that, for\\nwe had found it out before on several occasions. We had learned\\nfrom past experiences what kind of a man we had to deal with.\\nThe master came in, sat down, and very coolly commenced trim-\\nming his blue beeches. I looked at Walter, and he at me. We\\nknew our hour had come. He called the school, and then said:\\nBoys, step forward: I want to settle this little affair! He wanted\\nto know what we had to say why we should not be punished. By\\nthis time Walter s eyes were swollen so he could hardly see. I\\nsaid I did not think I ought to be punished, for I did not begin\\nthe fight; and as for Walter, judging from the looks of his eyes, he\\nhad been punished enough already. Well, says the master, I\\nhave a proposition to make. You see those whips, and you see\\nthose six cords of maple wood at the door; you can cut that wood\\nat recess or noon-times, or settle things now! I did not like the\\nidea of settling things now; I had tried that before; so I said I", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "190 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwould cut the wood. Walter partly concluded he would settle\\nthings now; but on second thought, as the master held up one of\\nthose blue beeches, with the remembrance of past experiences, he\\nconcluded to help saw the wood. My father had sent an Indian\\ndown the day before to tell me to come home, and help with the\\nspring work. At recess that afternoon, we commenced our job on\\nthe six cords of wood, I sawing and Walter splitting, while the\\nboys all stood around laughing at us. That night I got Thomas\\nSimpson to bring my books out of school, and the next morning I\\nstarted for home with the Indian. Some two months afterward, I\\ncame down to Saginaw. At noon-time I thought I would step\\nover and see the boys. There was Walter sawing wood. He said\\nhe had jumped the job three or four times, and every time he had\\ngot a whipping. Finally he had concluded to finish it up.\\nA few years ago, I was talking with an old friend in the city of\\nFlint, and he said, Have you seen Walter Cronk? I replied, No;\\nnot in over 25 years! There he is now, he said, coming up the\\nstreet. See if he will know you. When he came up, my friend\\nsaid, Walter, do you know this man? He looked at me a mo-\\nment, and said, Yes. He made me saw six cords of wood over\\n30 years ago, and I got three whippings besides. Walter and I\\nhave been, and continue to be, the best of friends ever since our\\nschool-boy fight nearly 40 years ago.\\nIn the winter of 1837-8, Mr. Beach, the school-master, very\\nkindly offered to teach us to sing, evenings, if we would get up a\\nclass. We accordingly formed a class of 12 scholars, six girls and\\nsix boys. Among the girls was one whom I will call Sally. She\\nwas homely, her parents were very poor, and she could not dress\\nas well as the rest. As a consequence, she was very much slighted\\nby the rest of the girls. It was no more than gallant that we\\nshould see the girls home after school, but none of the boys\\nwanted to go home with Sally. The first two or three evenings\\nshe went home alone. This we thought would not do; so we agreed\\nto go out in the hall and draw cuts, to see who should go home\\nwith Sally; and I was the unlucky individual. We continued to\\ndraw cuts, and four times out of five it fell to my lot to go home\\nwith Sally. At last I began to think Sally was not so bad-looking\\nafter all. Then I told the boys I did not care to draw cuts any\\nmore; that I would take care of Sally. Sally is now one of the\\nmost highly respected ladies in the Saginaw Valley, and is at the\\ntop of the ladder, while most of those who felt themselves above\\nher are at the bottom.\\nMy father continued to live in what was called the Garden\\nof Eclen until 1841, when he and my brother James J. bought\\nout Capt. B. K. Hall s interest in the Old Portsmouth steam-\\nmill, formerly built by Judge Miller and others. Captain Hall\\nhad been for many years of his life commander of a packet ship\\non the ocean thinking that he could make his fortune lumbering,\\nhe removed to Portsmouth, but because of hard times and want of\\nexperience, he lost all his property. He sent his family back to", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 191\\nCambridgeport, Mass., and remained all winter with my father\\nsettling up his affairs. He was of a pious turn of mind, full of fun,\\nespecially with children, and had seen much of the world. My\\nlittle brothers and sisters became very much attached to him dur-\\ning the winter he lived with us. Many of the old settlers recollect\\nCapt. Hall. With your permission, I will read you a letter from\\nmy father to Captain Hall, after he had returned East and taken\\ncommand of his vessel:\\nold snip.\\nOn Eden s garden yet we live,\\nWhere Providence us plenty give\\nI say, my children, sileuce all;\\nI m going to write to Captain Hall.\\nLast winter he was here, you know.\\nAnd in the summer off did go\\nDon t you yet mind him, children all\\nYou used to play with Captain Hall.\\nHe was as busy as a bee.\\nAnd much we loved his company;\\nAnd from my children tears yet fall,\\nWhen thinking back of Captain Hall.\\nHe made our fires and sung his song,\\nHe charmed the hearts of old and young\\nThe time seems long to us, one and all,\\nSince he s departed, Captain Hall.\\nOn Saginaw river he did stay\\nA steam-mill ran there many a day\\nAnd when he spent his money all.\\nWe bid adieu to Captain Hall*.\\nAnd now he s left this wild country,\\nTo sail again the stormy sea;\\nMay Providence, who guides us all.\\nMake smooth the path of Captain Hall.\\nNow, to your lady I ll resort\\nMay she live long in Cambridgeport;\\nAnd comfort take with children small.\\nAnd fold her arms round Captain Hall.\\nBy this time you will plain discover,\\nMy letter s full and running over;\\nMy children join me, one and all,\\nIn sending love to Captain Hall.\\nSoon after this my father removed to Portsmouth, and, with my\\nbrother James, commenced the manufacture of lumber. This was\\nthe second mill built on the Saginaw river. My father shipped the\\nfirst cargo of lumber that ever went out of the Saginaw river. It\\nwould run 60 per cent uppers, and he sold it at Detroit to the late\\nJames Busby, brother-in-law of the late James Fraser, for eight", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "192 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ndollars per thousand, one-third down and the balance on time. The\\nvessel was the w Old Coneant Packet, 1 Captain George Roby, and\\nthe cargo consisted of 40,000 feet. Clear lumber was then selling\\nat the mill for $10 in store trade, as there was no money in\\nthe country. So, you see, lumbermen did not get rich in those\\ndays. They only opened the way for those who came after them\\nto make their fortune.\\nThe early pioneers came into the valley too soon to get rich.\\nBut then again, what would our beautiful Saginaw Yalley have been\\nto-day but for the perseverance, privations and hardships of those\\nearly pioneers I see about me only a few of them left, and in a\\nfew years none of them will remain to tell their children of the\\nsufferings they have passed through, and of which the present\\ngeneration are reaping the benefit.\\nI look back with pleasure on some of the earlier scenes of my\\nlife; for truly we were a band of brothers in those times that tried\\nmen s souls. If one had a barrel of flour it was divided with the\\nothers. No one was allowed to want what another had. Would\\nto God the present generation might take counsel by the past, that\\nthey might profit in the future! I am happy to meet the old pio-\\nneers here to-day. Our band is small, and in a few years its last\\nmember will have passed into the remote and unknown land of the\\nhereafter. We have seen this wilderness made to blossom as the\\nrojse; another generation has usurped our places. The crowded\\niron pathway of American civilization has taken the place of the\\nunfrequented Indian trail. School-houses and churches stand\\nwhere once were only the wigwams of the savage, and the lairs of\\nthe wild beast.\\nOur work is done. It was a humble work. The pioneer s name\\nnever shines among the brilliant and illustrious names on the\\nhistoric page. He is only a pathfinder, carrying the torch of dis-\\ncovery into the wilderness yet without him civilization is impossible.\\nThose busy manufacrories that to-day line the Saginaw river; those\\nbeautiful church edifices that crown our prosperous towns; those\\nmagnificent school buildings, that stand as the proudest and best\\nmonuments of modern civilization, these are all the fruits of our\\nwork into which Other men have entered. Let us be content to\\nleave our work, knowing that for the day and the place it has been\\nwell done. May this rich country, that we have helped to reclaim\\nto civilization and human happiness, be ever guided in affairs of\\nbusiness and State by a higher wisdom and a no less sacrificing and\\nunselfish spirit than that which in the rude and sparsely settled\\nwilderness governed the pioneers of the Saginaw Yalley!\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH, BY C D. LITTLE.\\nCaptain Anthony It. Swarthout, the subject of this short sketch,\\nwas born in Seneca county, New York, in 1796, where he resided\\nwith his parents until his marriage with Miss Hannah Rose, of the\\nsome place, in 1816. About this time Capt. Swarthout, having heard", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 193\\nmuch of the Territory of Michigan, resolved to risk his all in what\\nwas then called the Far West. After a tedious journey of weeks,\\nhe reached Washtenaw county, and commenced his Territorial life\\nae a farmer. He was one of the pioneers of Washtenaw county,\\nin clearing the almost unbroken forests of that portion of the State.\\nAt that period railroads were hardly known in the United States,\\nand telegraphs had not been dreamed of. Communication with the\\nState f New York took weeks where now minutes suffice. The only\\nmeans of transporting goodsand family stores was the ox team,\\nand tin: log cabin furnished shelter to those who dared to brave\\nthe privations incident to the opening up of a new country.\\nAt this time, Gen. Lewis Cass, a warm and personal friend of\\nCapt. Swarthout, was Governor of the Territory. While living in\\nWashtenaw county, the difficulties between the settlers and the\\nIndians culminated into what is known as the Black Hawk war.\\napt. Swarthout was among the first who volunteered his services\\nin defense of the settlers and Government; was enrolled in a\\ncompany of riflemen, known as Minute Men, and remained in\\nthe service until the troops were discharged. In July, 1835, having\\nheard of the Saginaw Valley, the abundance of game of all kinds,\\nand being fond of hunting, he ventured through the unbroken wilder-\\nness between Ann Arbor and Saginaw. Arriving at the latter\\nplace, perceiving its advantageous location, and finding such ex-\\ncel lent farming land in the immediate vicinity of the city, he de-\\ntermined to make it his future home. He returned to his family\\nin Washtenaw county, disposed of his property there, and in Sep-\\ntember of the same year he moved through the woods to Saginaw,\\nan undertaking then much more beset with difficulties than a jour-\\nney to California is to-day. At the first township meeting held in\\nSaginaw, the spring after his arrival, there were 17 votes polled\\nAt that time Saginaw township embraced almost the entire terri-\\ntory of Saginaw. Tuscola, Bay, Midland and Gratiot counties.\\nHe was, at that meeting, elected one of the township officers, and\\nhas, since that time to the present, a period of nearly 40 years,\\ntilled some one of the township offices. He has several times been\\nelected supervisor, 16 years of the time has been highway com-\\nmissioner, and with the assistance of Abraham Butts, another early\\nsettler, laid out and established most of the public highways of\\nSaginaw, Bay and Tuscola counties. For 14 years he has held the\\noffice of township clerk, of Saginaw township. In all public po-\\nsitions, whether as supervisor, commissioner or clerk, his unbend-\\ning integrity and sterling worth have commanded the universal\\nrespect of his fellow townsmen.\\nCaptain Swarthout had a family of seven sons and five\\ndaughters. Eight of these children, with the exception of\\none daughter, reside in Saginaw county. And now, after more\\nthan filling the measure of time allotted to man, with his\\naged and amiable wife, who has shared with him all the hard-\\nships of pioneer life, he has seen fulfilled his anticipations of the\\ngrowth of Saginaw, while the majority of his children are spared", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "194 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nto him with their own children, comfortably settled immediately\\nabout them. Abundantly supp lied with this world s goods, a liv-\\ning record of the early events of Michigan colonization, he among\\nthe few pioneers of Michigan, still lives\\nOnly waiting till the shadows\\nAre a little longer grown\\nOnly waiting till the glimmer\\nOf the day s last beam is flown.\\nMay he still be spared, and may his last days be as pleasant as\\nhis whole life has been honorable!\\nHAKVEY WILLIAMS.\\nHarvey Williams, son of Oliver Williams, was born at Concord,\\nMass., in 1774. In 1808 he visited Detroit, and after prospecting\\nfor a time returned to Concord. He visited Detroit again in 1809,\\nand remained until 1811, when he concluded to engage in busi-\\nness. He proceeded to Boston, and procured a general assortment\\nof merchandise of the value of $10,000. Alpheus Williams, a\\nbrother-in-law of Oliver, became his indorser for the purchase at\\nBoston. While these goods were being transported from Buffalo\\nto Detroit, they were seized by the British Government. Mr.\\nWilliams was made a prisoner and conveyed to Halifax. After\\nbeing confined at Halifax for a number of months, he was released,\\nand returned to Detroit. Oliver Williams did not remove his\\nfamily which consisted of four sons and four daughters until the\\nyear 1815.\\nBeing a man of the strictest integrity, determined that his brother-\\nin-law should lose nothing by his indorsement for him, and though\\nhe had lost everything, he told Alpheus he would and could, if his\\nlife and health were spared for a few years, accumulate enough to\\npay every dollar of the 10,000. With this honest purpose in view,\\nin a new county, but with indomitable will and unswerving integ-\\nrity, he commenced the herculean task of raising $10,000. This\\nsituation with a large family of children to support, the eldest\\nonly 13 years of age would have disheartened most of men, but not\\nOliver Williams. By strict economy and untiring effort he suc-\\nceeded, and in a few years paid every dollar of the debt.\\nThe sons and daughters of this man are well remembered by the\\nolder settlers of Northern Michigan, and have been prominently\\ninstrumental in developing its resources. EphraimS., better known\\nas Major Williams, is now a resident of Flint; Gardner D. became\\na resident of Saginaw City, and died in 1858; Alfred and Benjamin\\nO., are now residents of Owosso; Mary Ann, who married Schuy-\\nler Hodges, is now a resident of Pontiac, while Alpheus and\\nHarriet, now Mrs. Rogers, live in California.\\nIn 1815 Oliver induced Alpheus to remove from Concord to\\nDetroit; and this brings us to speak of Harvey Williams, better\\nknown throughout the Saginaw Valley as Uncle Harvey. He", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 195\\nis one of the oldest, if not the oldest, of the Yankee pioneers to\\nDetroit now living, as he came with his mother to that city in IS 15.\\nFrom Concord, Mass to Buffalo, N. Y., the journey was accom-\\nplished by wagon, from Buffalo to the mouth of Detroit river on a\\nschooner of 40 tons burthen, called the Salem Packet; the\\nmaster, or captain, of the Packet was Eber Ward, father of\\nCapt. Eber B. Ward, now of Detroit. It required 13 days to make\\nthe trip from Buffalo to the Detroit river. At this point the Packet\\nwas detained by contrary winds. Mr. Williams father chartered\\na cart, and had his goods carted to Windsor, opposite Detroit,\\nfrom which point they were ferried over in a dug-out. In those\\ndays moving was a rather rough experience. Mr. Williams paid\\n$15 each for passage from Detroit, and $5 per barrel bulk for the\\ngoods.\\nAt this time Benjamin Woodworth kept the chief tavern in\\nDetroit. It was not a very extensive establishment, but was\\nenlarged from time to time, and, under the good management of\\nUncle Ben, obtained great reputation as Uncle Ben Wood-\\nworth s Steam-boat Hotel. For years it was the headquarters of\\nsteam-boat men, after steamers began running on the lakes. It\\nwas situated on Woodbridge street, immediately behind where the\\nFiremen s Hall now stands. Oliver Williams kept a tavern of\\nless pretensions on Jefferson avenue, under the old elm tree,\\nand another tavern was kept by the father of the late Judge C. W.\\nWhipple, down near the Cass farm. These were at that period\\nthe hotel accommodations of the village of Detroit, then contain-\\ning about 1,000 inhabitants. Emerson, Mack Conant was\\nthe leading mercantile house in Detroit at that time. The firm\\nwas composed of Thomas Emerson, father of Curtis Emerson,\\nEsq., of East Saginaw, Stephen Mack and Shubel Conant. They\\nkept a general assortment of dry-goods, groceries, crockery and\\nhardware. Henry J. Hunt, Abel May, Edward and John S.\\nKrebel also sold goods, but did not carry as heavy stocks as Emer-\\nson, Mack Conant. All these merchants were in the habit of\\nissuing what were called shin-plasters, which passed as the\\nlegal tender of the country.\\nJames Abbott was the agent of the American Fur Company,\\nwhose headquarters for the West were at Detroit he was also\\npostmaster. The mails from the East were very irregular. It\\noften took four weeks or more for a letter from New England to\\nreach Detroit, and the postage was 25 cents.\\nGen. Lewis Cass, Messrs. Larned, Ten Eyck, Witherell, For-\\nsythe, John and Thomas Palmer, and Judge Woodward, who\\nafterward made the plat of the city, were among the prominent\\nmen of the Territory.\\nIn the same year (1S15), Uncle Harvey commenced black-\\nsmithing on the ground where the Russell House now stands,\\nmaking steel-traps, axes, and doing general custom work for the\\ninhabitants there was only one other shop of the kind in Detroit,\\nwhich was owned bv a Frenchman named relky.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "196 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nUncle Harvey s business increased rapidly; he soon added\\na small furnace to liis shop and commenced casting plows when\\nhis business increased so that he cast three plows a day the fact\\nwas published as an evidence of the great progress Detroit was\\nmaking in her manufactures!\\nThe coal used for melting the iron was charcoal, and the blow-\\ning was done by a single horse. Mr. Williams 1 business grew\\nfrom year to year, until it reached $100,000 yearly. He pur-\\nchased and set up the first stationary steam-engine ever used in\\nthe Territory of Michigan. Pie built for J. K. Dorr and C. C.\\nTrowbridge the first steam-engine for the first steam-mill in Michi-\\ngan, and his last work in his shop at Detroit was the building of\\nthe two steam-engines for the old steam-boat Michigan.\\nMr. Williams changed his location twice while in Detroit. He\\nremoved from the Russell House lot to the ground now occupied\\nby the D. it M. R. R. Co., and from that to the triangle lot on\\nCass street, Jefferson avenue and Woodbridge here he purchased\\n105 feet front for $105. Mr. Williams says that the first circus\\nperformance ever given in Michigan, and which he considers the\\nbest, was in the middle of the street, between where the Biddle\\nHouse now stands, and the old jail that used to stand on the north\\nside of Jefferson avenue, opposite the Biddle House.\\nMr. Williams furnished all the iron work for the first substantial\\njail that was ever built in Michigan, and he has now in his pos-\\nsession the contract in which they furnished to him the iron. 40\\ntons, at IT cents per pound. He did the iron work on the first\\nPresbyterian church, erected on the corner of Woodward avenue\\nand Larned street, in 1818, and also for the French Catholic church,\\nwhich was commenced the same year.\\nWith his stationary engine he pumped the water for the in\\nhabitants of Detroit. The reservoir was situated on Fort street\\nwest, between the former residence of Gen. Cass, now owned by\\nGov. Baldwin, and the City Hall; and it is worthy of note that a\\nthree-inch pipe was sufficient capacity to furnish all the water used\\nat that time. The city paid Mr. Williams $500 per annum for the\\npumping.\\nLate in the fall of 1822, Major Whitney, United States Quarter-\\nmaster, stationed at Detroit, was desirous of getting supplies\\nthrough to the troops, then stationed at Saginaw City. Knowing\\nthe determination and indefatigable perseverance of Uncle Harvey,\\nand realizing the exceeding difficulty of getting the supplies\\nthrough, but thinking if anyone could succeed it would be Uncle\\nHarvey, he approached him on the subject. With great re-\\nluctance, and after much persuasion Uncle Harvey con-\\nsented to make the trial. Calling to his assistance the late\\nJohn Hamilton, of Genesee county, the journey was under-\\ntaken, and accomplished. After eight days 1 hard labor they suc-\\nceeded in carrying 80 cwt. of supplies from Detroit to Saginaw.\\nIn doing so they were obliged to ford the Clinton river five times,\\nthe Thread, Cass and Flint rivers, as well as Pine and Elm rivers.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAi.lXAW COUNTY. 197\\nTheir success was fortunate for the poor soldiers; for when the\\nBupplies arrived they were almost famished, having been without\\nrations t r two days.\\nThis incident is mentioned because it was at this time that\\nUncle Harvey formed from conversation with the officers\\nthe opinion that at some future time Saginaw would become one of\\nthe important points in Michigan.\\nAfter his return to Detroit, and for 12 years, he thought much\\nof Saginaw, but not until 1834 did he see his way clear to taking\\nup his residence in the Valley; and when he did determine to\\nmove there it required more than ordinary courage to try living in\\na wilderness, 40 miles from civilization.\\nOpOD his arrival at Saginaw, his first work was the erection of\\nthe steam saw-mill which was situated at the back of Mackinaw\\nstreet, in Saginaw City, and will be remembered as the G. D.\\nE. S. William s mill, and was the first steam saw-mill erected in\\nthe Saginaw Valley. Afterward, a run of stone was added to the\\nmill, which was used to grind corn. In 1836 and 37, Mr. Wil-\\nliams built the steam saw-mill which for a number of years was\\ncalled the Emerson mill, and was located on the present site of\\nthe East Saginaw Gas Compa ny s works. This was the mill of its\\nday. It was managed by H. Williams until the disastrous crash\\nof 1837. Those of the Saginaw pioneers still living remember the\\nresult of that panic. Hundreds of workmen hitherto constantly\\nemployed at the highest wages ever paid to their class, were\\nthrown out of work. Paper currency, which up to that time was\\nconsidered as good as gold, became worthless, and could hardly\\nbe sold at any price. The result was, that those who could went\\nthrough the woods, a familiar expression used for taking the\\nIndian trail to Flint, which was the only road out of Saginaw at\\nthat time. Thus Saginaw became almost depopulated.\\nThose were days that tried men s souls; but Uncle Harvey s\\nfaith in the ultimate prosperity of Saginaw was not shaken. Al-\\nthough he went down in the general crash, he did not become dis-\\nhonored, but with the heroism still characteristic of him, he\\ndetermined never to give up until he had seen the full realiza-\\ntion of his hopes concerning the Saginaw Valley.\\nThe little steam saw-mill at the foot of Mackinaw street did\\nall that was required of it in its day; the Big mill at East Sagi-\\nnaw: the Model Mill of 1837, when finished was supposed to\\nbe equal to indeed far beyond anything that would ever be\\nrequired, and some were wise enough to pronounce Mr. Williams\\nfoolish in the extreme for thinking that the full capacity of that\\nbig mill would ever be tasked in supplying the demand for\\nlumber. If those wise ones could look at the mills on the Saginaw\\nriver to-day, and the hundreds of millions of feet of lumber turned\\nout by them, they would acknowledge their own short-sightedness,\\nand the wisdom and judgment manifested by Uncle Harvey in his\\nprophecies of the future of the Saginaws.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "198 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMr. Williams removed to the Kawkawlin river in 1842, and\\nremained there until 1864. During the 20 years he remained\\nthere he was extensively engaged in the fisheries at the mouth of\\nthe river in the spring months of the year, and in the summer and\\nfall months his operations were extended down the Bay and Lake\\nHuron. During the winter his business relations with the Chip-\\npewa Indians were extensive, amounting in the aggregate to\\nhundreds of thousands of dollars. No man ever possessed the\\nconfidence of the Chippewa Indians to the same extent that Uncle\\nHarvey did, and, certainly, no man was ever more generous and\\nkind to them.\\nFifty-nine years in Michigan! Few, but very few men can say,\\nwith Uncle Harvey, that they have seen the infant in the cradle\\ngrow up to the full stature of manhood as he has seen our beautiful\\nPeninsular State grow. How little was known in 1815 of the\\nvast mines of wealth that lay buried beneath her surface! Who\\nthen ever dreamed that Michigan would successfully compete with\\nthe whole world in copper and iron? Who then imagined that the\\nSaginaw Valley would turn out more lumber than any other point\\nin the country? Nevertheless, Uncle Harvey has lived to see\\nall this.\\nEnergy is still manifested in all that he does, and he bids fair to\\noutdo many men whose years do not number one half of his.\\nMr. Williams was married to Miss Julia Fournia, in 1819. The\\nlady is still living.\\nThe following letter was read by Mr. George F. Lewis from\\nTownsend North, of the Tuscola Pioneer Society.\\nVassar, Mich., Feb. 19, 1874.\\nM. B. Hes 8 y Esq\\nmy dear sir: Your circular letters of invitation to the pioneers of our county\\ncame to hand to-day. I will distribute them, and would be pleased to attend your\\nmeeting, but fear I will be unable to atteu 1, as I would be pleased to meet with\\nthe early settlers, men that conquered difficulties, endured privations, and now\\nlive to enjoy the fruit of their labor, and to congratulate each other on the im-\\nprovements and changed condition and developments of the entire valley.\\nI came to Flint in 1845, made my first visit to Saginaw City that summer or\\nfall with a full load of the legal profession, Judge Whipply, William Fenton, E.\\nH. Thompson, A. V. Thayer. A. W. Davis and James McKabe (of Pontiac). They\\nwent there to hold court. I think they did up the work in one day. What a\\ncontrast There was no East Saginaw then. Good pasture in the streets of Sag-\\ninaw, where you now have the Nicholson pavement. Court calendar cleared in\\na day. Now your courts are nearly perpetual. Two years after, I made my first\\ntrip to Lower Saginaw, as it was then called, in two little dug-outs lashed to-\\ngether. Two Indians composed the crew, and I the only passenger, sitting flat\\nin one of the little canoes, with my hands on each side of the little craft with my\\nfingers in the water. Now you have two railroads, and your river, during nav-\\nigation, alive with steam and sail.\\nWhat a change has come in a few short years! The rich resources of the val-\\nley are being made known, and the Y ankees and co-workers from Oregon to\\nMaine, and from Maine to Faderland, have taken the key-note and checked their\\nbaggage for the valley that teems with life and lumber and salt, sufficient to\\npickle a nation.\\nYours truly,\\nT. North.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 199\\nRECORDS, MEMENTOES, ETC.\\nA leaf from the note book of a pioneer of 1836, which was truly\\ninteresting, was read by G. F. Lewis, as follows:\\nAN EXTRACT FROM THE NOTE BOOK OF A PIONEER OF 1836, PRE-\\nSENTED BY MRS. A. M. RICHMAN.\\nApril 24, IS 70\u00e2\u0080\u0094 burned\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The building\\nformerly owned by the late James Fraser, known as the old Block\\nHouse, an ordinary casualty ot not much note; but to some of\\nus old residents the memory of that old block house and its sur-\\nroundings are pleasant as the echo of music in our youth, for we\\nare now old, our hair is whitened by the frosts of many winters,\\nbut more with the sorrows that hare fallen upon us when our\\nhopes were the brightest, our love of the strongest.\\nIn the summer of 1S36 a party of gentlemen on board the old\\nsteamer Gov. Marcy, made the first trip ever made by any steam-\\nboat on these waters, to old Fort Saginaw, the present site of Sag-\\ninaw City, where years before Dr. Little, of Avon, N. Y. with many\\nothers, made large purchases, with a far-seeing eye to the future of\\nthis valley, which was felt by them to be only a question of time;\\namong the passengers on that steamer were Norman Little and\\nCharles L. Richman, who were then prospecting, with a view of\\npermanent settlement. They found a few white settlers here, who\\ngladly gave them the right hand of fellowship. Among them\\nwere G. D. and E. S. Williams, with their families, Mr. Jewett\\nand family, Judge Davenport, James Fraser, Mr. Busby, Butts,\\nBullock and Barber, Tibbetts, McCardell, Spare, Gotee, Mosely,\\nMaiden, Hayden, Stevenson, Hill, Simpson, besides a few others\\nwho passed from memory. Under the firm of Charles L. Richman\\nCo., a mercantile business was established; made large contracts\\nfor building, then returned for their families; we took a last,linger-\\ning look at our dear old home in Canandaigua, aptly called Sleep-\\ning Beauty. bade adieu to the friends of childhood, youth and\\nyoung married life; gave up the blessings of our well beloved\\nChurch privileges of an advanced society; embarked at Buffalo on\\nsteamer Gov. Marcy for Saginaw, leaving as we then thought all\\nthat was desirable in life, save the novelty (Robinson Crusoe like)\\nof making a new home in the wilderness. Among the emigrants\\nwereT. L. Howe, of Genesee, N. Y.,with a large hardware stock,\\nwith Cynthia the long, B. Hammet, William L. P. Little, L. M.\\nCollum, with many others, as the little steamer was heavily la-\\nden with human freight. We had a pleasure -trip to Detroit (then a\\nsmall village), but meeting with rough weather in Saginaw Bay, were\\nobliged to put back to St. Clair three days. We improved and en-\\njoyed it in rambling about the beautiful region, visiting Fort Gra-\\ntiot, and so on; when efforts were again made to reach the", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "200 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ntempestuous bay we succeeded and arrived at old Fort Saginaw?\\nthe embryo city, on Saturday morning, Oct. 1, 1836, in a drizzling\\nrain, amid the cheers of the assembled multitude and the wav-\\ning of a table-cloth, which to us, who came up on the last day on\\nan allowance of pork and hard tack, was at least suggestive.\\nWe were very kindly and hospitably received and entertained\\nby Mr. and Mrs. H. L. Miller, who had been here a short time:\\ncame down the Flint river in a canoe. Things in general seemed\\nthe newest of the new and the prospect was dreary in the extreme;\\nbut then we reflected on poor Robinson and took heart and went\\ninto the store to write back my first impressions and met my old\\nfriend Peyton R. Morgan, of Avon. He thought I had better wait\\ntill the w sun shone before writing; but I didn t. They preserve\\nthat letter home as a gem of the West.\\nThe question now arose. Where were we all to find shelter? Very\\nfortunately, yea, a kind and over-ruling Providence, sent us to that\\nsame old block house, and to the kindness, friendship and unwea-\\nried attention of Maj. Mosely and his dear wife. The morning\\nafter our arrival, which was Sunday, a good part of our colony\\nmet at the house of H. L. Miller, who was a Presbyterian min-\\nister. He assisted us in returning thanks to our loving Father for\\nour safe passage after our many perils. It was thoughtful and\\nkind in him to suggest and carry out the religious services. It\\nformed a bond of union between us all that has never been dissev-\\nered. The old block house stood inside the fort, partially sur-\\nrounded by the original pickets. But few buildings left of the old\\nfort; this the best; they were all occupied as were every available\\nnook and corner, even to standing boards from the pickets, as we\\nwhen children made play-houses. One of the buildings was used\\nas a hotel, kept by Mr. Tibbets, with the modest name of Saginaw\\nCity Exchange. That same old block house has welcomed many a\\npleasant gathering, for they were the very souls ofhospitality, and\\nthe way we feasted on wild game, on trout, sturgeon and white\\nfish, which were brought from the Bay corded as they do wood!\\nCranberries were so plenty that vessels on their return trips were\\nballasted with them. Neither did we sweeten them with Indian\\nsugar ah, no!\\nDuring the ever remembered and pleasant winter we passed in\\nthe old block house, there were many arrivals in town, so that our\\nsociety was good and intelligent, and, as in our isolated condition\\nwe were very dependent on each other for our mutual comfort and\\nhappiness: the memory of that winter is a green spot. On the\\n1st of January, 1837, we introduced the Eastern style of calls\\nwith hot coffee and cake. The calls were not so numerous as to\\nbe oppressive, although the constant repetition gave a sameness.\\nThe gentlemen had a sleigh, and as they laughingly expressed it,\\nthey called and returned it. Some thought they were called for,\\nbut the finale was at the place of pleasant memories, the old block\\nhouse;\u00e2\u0080\u0094 one of 1836.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 201\\nMEMENTOES.\\nC. TV. Grant was loudly called lor. and created considerable\\namusement by his remarks, and a copy of a Fourth-of-July cele-\\nbration at East Saginaw, in 1S55.\\nC. D. Little presented from Mrs. C. E. Hayden some copies of\\nthe first papers published in the Valley 1 he Journal, of 1837.\\nMrs. A. M. Kichman presented coi \u00c2\u00bbies of the first papers printed\\nin the Valley 2 he Journal, Republican, Sj?i) it of the Times,\\nNorth Star, and others.\\nRobert Ure presented a Territorial map of Michigan and\\nWisconsin.\\nNumerous other relics and mementoes were presented, each and\\nevery one telling its own story of pioneer life.\\nTHE DINNER\\nat the Taylor House was not the least interesting feature of the\\nreunion. One hundred pioneers were present. After dinner the\\ntoasts were given and responded to, but, owing to some oversight,\\nthat of the President of the United States was omitted.\\n1. The Pioneer Society of the Saginaw Valley. Response by\\nthe President.\\n2. The Old Settlers. Response by W. R. McCormick, of Bay\\nCity.\\n3. The Times as they were and are. Response b} r C. W.\\nGrant, of East Saginaw.\\n4. The County Societies of this Jurisdiction.\\n5. The Press. Response by R. W. Jenney, of Flint.\\n6. The Ladies God bless them! Response by George F.\\nLewis.\\nPIONEER STATE ORGANIZATION.\\nAt the meeting for the organization of the State Pioneer Soci-\\nety, held at Lansing, March 11, 1874, Messrs. Morgan L. Gage,\\nS. C. Munson, Murdock Fraser and Hon. Albert Miller were\\npresent as representatives from Saginaw and Bay counties.\\nANOTHER MEETING.\\nA number of members of the society assembled May 21, 1874,\\nto make arrangements for a grand celebration to take place June\\n24, in honor of the birth of Michigan as a State. This meeting\\nwas held at the Bancroft House. There were present Hon. Albert\\nMiller, Capt Gage, Israel Catlin, C. A. Lull, A. K. Penny, C.\\nW. Grant, W. R. McCormick, Stanton, Moses B. Hess, Geo.\\nH. Richardson, Geo. Lord, Luther Beck with, Geo. W. Hotchkiss\\nand Geo. F. Lewis.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "202 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nA corresponding committee, consisting of M. L. Gage, C. A.\\nLull and Geo. F. Lewis, was appointed. An advisory committee\\ncomprising Curt Munger, Benj. F. Price, C. W. Grant and C. D.\\nLittle, was also formed. To these names were added Hon. Town-\\nsend North, Tuscola Hon. Geo. F. Ball, Midland Hon. E. H.\\nThomson, Genesee Gen. Ralph Ely, Gratiot Douglass Nelson,\\nIsabella. The names thus given constituted the committee of\\ngeneral arrangement under the presidency of Hon. Albert Miller.\\nThe committee on program comprised Hon. Albert Miller, M.\\nB. Hess, Geo. W. Hotchkiss, Geo. F. Lewis and Geo. H.\\nRichardson.\\nThe following letter of reminiscences, addressed to the Pioneers\\nof the State of Michigan, was written by Edwin Jerome:\\nk I am happy to meet you on our first social reunion in this\\nflourishing Bay City, standing upon grounds sacred to memory,\\nand on which 41 years ago your relator camped and slept.\\nIn the latter part of the summer of 1833, I enlisted in the\\nWar Department commanded by Col. Anderson, then a resident\\nof Detroit, to assist in a coast survey of Lake Huron, under the\\nimmediate direction of three cadets from West Point, Lieut.\\nHeintzelman, since General, a distinguished L T nion soldier in our\\nlate fratricidal war, as our leader Lieut. Poole, second in com-\\nmand Lieut. Lee, third or junior commander Commissary,\\nGeorge Moran of Groesse Point Government hunter, your ven-\\nerable and much respected townsman, Capt. Francois Marsac, the.\\ncrack of whose rifle, aimed by his keen eye, fed the stomachs of the\\nparty with some 200 wild duck, I think, four bears, several deer,,\\nand a number of raccoons, etc. Yet, the speed and hardy endu-\\nrance of the Captain s body were inadequate to the task of over-\\ntaking and capturing a moose, whose keen eye, ear, scent and\\nfleet foot successfully evaded a hard day s chase among the pri-\\nvates in the Yankee mess were myself and six others, Henry\\nSnelling, Mr. Cowles, a nephew of Col. Anderson, Mr. Jacobus\\nand three others, whose names are not now called to memory.\\nIn the French mess were Benoit L. Trombly, Francois G.\\nTrombly, Leon Trombly, Joseph Trombly, Antoine Trombly,\\nJohn Trombly, Baret Leparls, Gilbert Lacrois, Dominique Sney,.\\nLeon Sney, John Grant, Louis Duprey, William Thebo and\\nJoseph Alloir, 14 in number, making a total of 26 souls, counting\\nLieut. Poole, whose whereabouts we never learned.\\nOur field service commenced on the shore of Lake Huron, a\\nfew miles above Fort Gratiot, at the then northern terminus of the\\nGovernment land surveys of Michigan. Speaking wholly from a\\n41 years memory, I shall omit any attempt at describing minutely\\nthe majestic forests, romantic spots, jotted now with cities, the\\nmarble rocks found upon the beach, etc., but will note the fact\\nthat our pioneer party made the first survey of the pearly little\\nstream, the beautiful site, took the extraordinary soundings of the\\nnoble harbor, varying from one foot to four in depth, dotted", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "SAMUEL SHATTUCK", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "HI-TORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 205\\nwith boulders one mile from shore over which the white caps\\ndashed, of the far-famed city of White Rock.\\nLeaving this capricious harbor, so well stocked with defensive\\nbonlders, we soon arrived at, and successfully doubled that rough,\\nrocky, small-caverned cape, Pointe aux Barques. Leaving the\\nbroad expanse of Lake Huron, and entering the extensive Bay of\\nSaginaw, whose dangerously rough seas were brought vividly to\\nmind on reading the accounts of the perilous voyage of the fisher-\\nman, floating upon its bosom, on cakes of ice, the sacrifice of six\\nbrave and noble-hearted men from Alabaster, in an attempt to\\nrescue them, during the last winter my memory reverted with\\nsingular clearness to one of the most perilous scenes of my life.\\nOn the arrival of the party at Pigeon river, we crossed over to,\\nand made a survey of Charity island, but unfortunately left a\\nsmall cur dog running in the woods, belonging to Lieut. Poole\\nthe next day I was detailed, and four others, in a yawl, with two\\ndays provisions, to rescue the dog; we sailed about fifteen miles,\\npropelled by our muscles applied to oars, under a calm, still sky,\\nand smooth, placid waters.\\nOn approaching the cove-sided island, we were forcibly\\nreminded of the errand of mercy upon which we had been sent, by\\nthe dog s leaping in the air, running and capering up and down\\nthe beach, making loud and joyous yelpings on nearing the\\nshore, the dog leaped aboard just at this moment, a light,\\nvaporing shadow flitted away from the spot the dog left, and it\\nhas been a matter of much serious speculation whether it was the\\nshadow of Lieut. Poole s soul flitting off. We immediately set\\nout on the return, with the brightest of prospects and full spread\\ncanvas when about eight rods from shore, we encountered, sud-\\ndenly and unexpectedly, a southwesterly gale, and twice\\nattempted and tailed to come in stays, with a view to regain the\\nisland on the third endeavor, our mast cracked about half off\\nnear the foot, and the sail dipped water, bringing us in stays\\ndouble quick, with an ominous and fearful sheet of water pouring\\nover the side, shipping about a barrel of water by great and\\ndespairing effort, with our weight upon the upper edge, the sail\\nlifted from the water, and the craft righted hats and shoes were\\nvigorously applied in bailing, and as soon as possible our oars\\nwere put in motion, and the boat headed for the island, then about\\na quarter of a mile distant, and we into a direct line into Lake\\nHuron. After an hour of the hardest struggle for life we found\\nourselves nearing the island, and on arriving, joyously camped\\nfor the night. Trie following day the wind veered northwesterly,\\nand blew directly for Pigeon river at 4 p. m. the sail was reefed\\nto the size of a farm-house window, our staunch and crank little\\ncraft was placed before trie gale, and one hour and ten minutes\\nsped us safely into camp. Your relator will here add his testi-\\nmonial to the many others related of the crank and turbulent\\nwaves of Saginaw Bay in rough weather and state, that while on\\nthis speedy passage, he stood upon the thwart holding fast to the\\n13", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "206 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmast, and when in the trough of the sea, nothing but the sky\\ncould be seen to the front or rear at an angle 45 degrees on look\\ning at the white-caps chasing in the rear, apparently to engulph\\nme 15 or 20 feet beneath their crest, my hair pulled fear-\\nfully, and my heart seemed leaping from my body. At this\\nalarming moment, the base of the wave up-ended our yawl, and it\\nleaped forward with such force as to cause an involuntary squat,\\ndashing spray over the stem, giving us an oft repeated sprinkling.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Passing over the minor incidents in the progress of our work,\\nfrom the encampment at Pigeon river to the Saginaw river, we\\nfinally pitched our tents on, or near, the site of your enterprising\\ncity, and took observations, for nine successive days, of the sun\\ncrossing the meridian, to determine the latitude and longitude of\\nthis capacious river; your relator each time noting the exact second\\nfrom an excellent chronometer.\\nNow, when I ride into the cities of Saginaw Yalley, in palace\\ncars, on first-class, well stocked railroads, or ride up and down\\nthis river in a noble steamer, beautifully furnished, viewing in\\nsurprise the almost continuous line of cities along its banks; teem-\\ning in wealth and splendor; the immense yards of lumber, contain-\\ning millions of feet; salt works sufficient to resuscitate and save all\\nthis thrift and industry from any serious decline; in contemplating\\nall, memory of 1833 and 1836 leaps forth and asks, Did all this\\nspring from chaos, or more than chaos, with so much forbidding\\nsterility upon a stream lined with extensive marshes, deep bayou\\nor sturdy forest, uninhabited, save a few log houses near the river,\\nin Saginaw City In those early years, your water lines of river,\\nbay or lake were familiar. I then traversed the Tittabawassee and\\nits branches, Chippewa and Pine, Bad river, Cass, Flint and Mish-\\ntegayoc, exploring their forests, selecting their choicest timber and\\nfinest lands.\\nAnd now, my old co-laborers in the woods and fields of Mich-\\nigan, wishing you long life and joyous end, I say adieu. 1\\nThomas J. Drake sent the following letter, under date, Pontiac,\\nJune 19, 1874, addressed to Hon. Albert Miller:\\n-Dear Judge: It is difficult for me to find words, to express\\nadequately the pleasure which your letter gave me.\\nThe celebration, to which you so kindly invited me, is one of\\nno ordinary character. The early settlement of the Saginaw\\nValley, and the organization of our State government, are subjects\\ndeeply interesting; and, while I remember the one, I cannot forget\\nthe other. There are few events more deeply seated in my memory\\nthan my first visit to Saginaw. Perhaps it is well ordered that\\nwe cannot look back on the past and view over by-gone years\\nwithout commingled emotions of pain and pleasure, and thus we\\nare preserved from the evil effects of satiety and despondency.\\nThe incidents of that journey, though many and important,\\nwere known to but few, my traveling companion and associate,\\nCommissioner Frost, who alone knew what occurred to us on our\\njourney there and back to this place, has passed away, a pioneer", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 207\\nin other realms, and there remains none to relate our adventures.\\nForgive the egotism, and let me say to you what I think I have to\\nnone else. On our way home, the question of life and death was\\nforcibly presented for our consideration without time for reflection.\\nIt rained heavily while we were at Saginaw, and when Frost and I\\nfot ready to return we were ferried over the river at Green Point\\nyjewett. We moved rapidly to the usual crossing on Cass river,\\nbut the increased velocity and volume of water plainly told us we\\ncould not cross there in safety. It was raining hard, and we put\\naway for the upper crossing a mile or more up the river. When\\nwe reached that point we found the river much narrower, and the\\nnorth bank quite elevated. There were a few deserted Indian\\ncabins on the north bank, some of them made of logs split into\\nhalves or slah We hastily unsaddled our horses, and drove\\nthem into the river; they swam easily to the opposite shore, went\\nout of the river, and went to feeding. We hastily pulled down a\\ncabin, took the timbers to the edge of the water, and there formed\\na raft. We fastened the timbers together as well as we could with\\nour bridles and surcingles, laid timber and bark on top for a floor\\nor platform, put our saddles, portmanteaus, and blankets on, and\\nhaving two of the poles we could find at any of the cabins, we\\nshoved our frail raft into the surging waters, and both leaded\\naboard. The first push we made carried us into water so deep we\\ncould not reach bottom with our poles, and down stream we\\nwent with the rapidity of a race horse. Our poles were so\\nslender that they served us but little assistance as oars. We ap-\\nplied ourselves with all the energy we jiossessed, and so shaped\\nthe course of our raft that it came so near the south shore in pass-\\ning one of the bends of the river, that I caught hold of the tops of some\\nwillows standing on the bank. By holding fast, our raft swung\\naround, and brought Frost so near that he got a firm hold of the\\nbushes, and thus we got to shore all safe and not the least fright-\\nened. Our horses were soon caught, and our bridles and saddles\\nthrown on, our blankets and trappings secured, and we upon full\\ngallop for Flint river, which we reached a little after sun-down.\\nOur business at Saginaw was to locate the seat of justice for\\nthat county. When we got there we found Judge Dexter and En-\\ngineer and Surveyor Risder platting the city of Saginaw. Dexter\\napproached the Commissioners with his skeleton map in hand; one\\nof the lots he designated as the court-house lot. He very abruptly\\ninformed them that if they located the site for the seat of justice on\\nthe lot he had designated he would donate it to the county, and he\\nwould give to each of the Commissioners a lot, perhaps two. Our\\nother associate was satisfied with Dexter s proposition, and from\\nthat moment until we left, I think he looked at nothing but the\\nlots Dexter proposed to give him. I felt inclined to treat Dexter\\nwith contempt, and for awhile Frost agreed with me and we looked\\nat other places.\\nThere was then an uninhabited forest where East Saginaw now\\nstands, and it was said that the whole country, after getting back", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "208 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nfrom the river, was a morass, and uninhabitable. However, we\\nresolved to inspect it ourselves. With Jewett to guide us we trav-\\neled the country up and down the river and from the river back,\\nuntil we were satisfied that it was the best and most proper place\\nfor a court-house. Besides Jewett, there was with us that day a\\nman by the name of Joshua Terry, who \\\\i\\\\ed at Pontiac. Frost\\nand I fixed upon a site, and drove a stake to indicate the spot se-\\nlected. We took measurements from different points on the river\\nwith such bearing as would enable one to find the identical spot,\\nand agreed to meet next morning and make our report. I went to\\nJewett s shanty at Green Point, and Frost went to the fort, as it\\nwas called, where he could find our other associate. The next\\nmorning, to my surprise, I found that Frost had been overcome,\\ndemoralized, and had actually signed a report locating the site on\\nthe spot selected by Dexter. Through the love of whisky which\\nwas entertained by Frost, and the love of gain entertained by the\\nother Commissioner, the county seat of Saginaw county was located.\\nI was then a member of the Legislative Council from Oakland\\ncounty and all the Lower Peninsula north and west of it, and with\\npride I endeavored to extend and uphold the interests of my con-\\nstituents, the pioneers of old Oakland, as well as those of the beau-\\ntiful valley of the land of Saco. I have with deep solicitude and\\ngreat pleasure witnessed the untiring exertions of the pioneers, and\\nthe marvelous growth and prosperity of the country.\\nFifty years ago and this vast country, of which the Saginaw\\nValley may be considered the center, was the home of the deer\\nand the red man; its deep forests were then unmarked by the steps\\nof the pale face; the most of it was beyond the pale of civilization.\\nAnd what do we see now? Towns and cities adorn the land; rail-\\nroads traverse the country in every direction; its rivers are utilized\\nas highways for commerce and travel, and as a resistless motive\\npower for manufactories; its forests are receding before the re-\\ndoubled blows of the ax men, and being molded into articles of\\ncommerce, are wafted away thousands of miles for improvement or\\nornament in distant countries. And above all and beyond all, on\\nthe 24th of June, 1874, the pioneers of the State proposed to in-\\naugurate and to carry into execution the celebration of the anni-\\nversary of the organization of the State government.\\nAll hail! Pioneers of Saginaw. Long have you suffered, and\\ngloriously have you conquered. May you long enjoy the rich re-\\nwards with which your labors are crowned. Receive the congratu-\\nlations of an old pioneer.\\nTHE PIONEERS OF THE SAGINAW.\\nIn their own circle within the original boundaries of Saginaw, the\\npioneers have done much which deserves honorable mention. It\\nis true that the fame of a Washington, or the terribly earnest\\npatriotism of a Montgomery have not been their share; yet there\\nis no reason whatever to suppose that, did circumstances create", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 209\\nan opportunity, those courageous men who entered the fastnesses\\nof the Ohippewas and battled successfully with all the obstacles\\nwhich life in the wilderness presented, would not have risen to the\\nhighest grades in military affairs and carved for themselves a\\nname as proud as any which pertains to citizens of the United\\nStates. Providence ordained another life for the pioneers, many\\nof their fathers fought the good fight for Liberty and won the bat-\\ntle, leaving Peace and Freedom to their children, and bequeathing\\nto them the greatest land the world ever knew, to be cultivated\\nand guarded.\\nIf the pioneers of Saginaw were denied participation in the con-\\ntest which gave to the world a great Republic, and again pre-\\nvented by age from guarding it when treason threatened to destroy\\nthe Union, their ancestors won honor for them in the first instance,\\nand many of their children supplied their places in the second.\\nThey were born to open up the land and possess it. This accom-\\nplished, their mission was fulfilled. Labor, alone, has wrought\\nthis change. There are many whose names deserve mention in\\nthis connection, many to whom special honors are due, and whose\\nnames shine in the records of the county. Here we will speak ot\\na few of them:\\nEleazer Jewett, born in Massachusetts in 1799, arrived at Sagi-\\nnaw City in 1826 and died Feb. 18, 1876. His daughter, Mrs.\\nLee, was the first white child born in the county. She it was who\\nplanted the seed of the two trees which grow opposite the dwelling\\nhouse numbered 407 Washington street. Mr. Jewett served two\\nyears under the American Fur Company. On Oct. 24, 1831, he\\nmarried Miss Azubah L. Miller, and a few days later led her to\\nher home on the Saginaw. He was the principal surveyor of the\\nvalley even before the organization of the township of Saginaw,\\nand on its organization as a county, he was appointed\\ncounty surveyor. He held the office of justice of the peace for 30\\nyears and judge of probate for 1-4 years. On the death of Mr. Jew-\\nett, Hon. Albert Miller succeeded to the name which he enjoyed\\nof being the senior of the surviving American pioneers of theValley.\\nMr. Jewett s name has come down to us unstained by even the\\nleast word of scandal. To-day his memory is revered, his labors\\nin the interest of this county well remembered.\\nGardner D. Williams was descended from a Welch family. His\\nancestor, Robert Williams, settled in Roxbury, Mass., in 1638, being\\n18 years after the arrival of the Mayflower. The branch of the\\nfamily from which Judge Williams descended, remained in Rox-\\nbury for five generations down to Oliver Williams, the father of\\nJudge Williams, who removed to Concord, Mass., about 1791.\\nwhere Gardner D. was born Sept. 7, 1804. Oliver Williams\\ncame to Detroit in 1807, leaving his family in Concord. He\\nengaged in business as a merchant, and was one of the largest\\ndealers in Detroit, bringing at onetime $64,000 in goods from\\nBoston. About the year 1811, he built the sloop Friends Good\\nWill, on board which he visited Mackinaw in 1812, and at that", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "210 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nplace his vessel was chartered by the Government to go to\\nChicago for furs. Arriving at Chicago, Mr. Williams took on\\nboard 99 packs of furs belonging to Government, besides a quan-\\ntity of his own. On his return voyage, his vessel was captured\\nby the British at Mackinaw, that post having capitulated in his\\nabsence. The capture was effected by a ruse of the enemy. On\\napproaching the fortress, Mr. Williams saw the American flag fly-\\ning and a sentry in American uniform on guard, and had no sus-\\npicion that the post had changed hands. He was undeceived only\\nwhen too late to escape. He lost his vessel and cargo, and it is\\nlittle to the credit of the Government that it never made up to him\\nthe loss. The British changed the name of the vessel to wt The\\nLittle Belt, and was one of the vessels captured by Commodore\\nPerry in the battle of Lake Erie.\\nThe family of Oliver Williams, including Gardner D., arrived at\\nDetroit Nov. 5, 1815, and resided there until March, 1819, at\\nwhich time they removed to Silver Lake in Oakland county, being\\nalmost the first settlers of that county. In the spring of 1827,\\nJudge Williams removed to Saginaw City, and with his brother,\\nEphraim S., established himself in the fur trade, under the\\nAmerican Fur Company. He married in 1829, Eliza Beach, and\\ndied Dec. 10, 1858.\\nJudge Williams occupied during his busy and eventful life sev-\\neral offices of public trust. He was a member of the first conven-\\ntion to form a constitution for the State of Michigan, a member of\\neach branch of the State Legislature, Commissioner of Internal\\nImprovements, County Judge and Treasurer of Saginaw county,\\nand was at the time of his death Mayor of Saginaw City.\\nMr. St. George was born in Montreal, Ont., in 1774, and was a\\nFrench Canadian. He came to Michigan when a young man and\\ntook up his abode in the woods, near where Detroit now is. He\\ncleared of timber the land where the city hall stands and consid-\\nerable more in its immediate vicinity. When the war of 1812\\nbroke out St. George joined the American forces and fought\\nthrough the war. In 1815 he visited the Chippewas of the Sagi-\\nnaw region for the first time, and a year later was a trader among\\nthem. His death took place in 1880. Judge Woodward and\\nSt. George, of Detroit, Harvey Williams and the children of\\nOliver Williams, of Saginaw, formed the survivors of the pioneers\\nof Detroit, of 1815, in the centennial year. St. George and Wood-\\nward have since passed away.\\nNorman Little, son of Doctor Charles Little, of Livingston\\ncounty, N. Y. settled permanently in Saginaw in 1836. His\\njourney thither was made on the first steam-boat that came up the\\nSaginaw. His father is said to have visited this valley as early as\\n1822, and again in 1823- 4, when he entered almost all the land\\nalong the river from the northern limits of East Saginaw to Green\\nPoint and from Saginaw City to the Tittabawassee. In 1836 Norman\\nLittle bought the site of Saginaw from the enterprising Dr.\\nMillington, of Ypsilanti, and followed up this purchase the year", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "HISTOBY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 211\\nsucceeding by introducing the building era. In 1850 he formed a\\npartnership with J. M. Hoyt Sod, of New Fork, purchased\\n2,400 acres of land on the east side of the river, and with his\\npartners aided in inaugurating and building ap that city. In L852\\nbe moved to Ids new home on the east bank of the river, where he\\nresided until the village, winch he nursed, rose f the importance\\n..t a city. His death occurred one year later, in 1860.\\nA.sa WTiitney settled on the Tittabawassee in the fall of 1825.\\nThe succeeding spring he entered upon the cultivation of a farm,\\nhut owing to his life of single blessedness this proved almost\\nimpracticable. lie was drowned in April, L827. It is said lie\\ncommitted suicide.\\nSherman Stevens served at the post for some time. His knowl-\\nof the Otchipwe language enabled him to hold a very\\nimportant place in the estimation of the Indian, even as he did\\nalready in that of the French and American traders, with whom\\nhe came in contact. He was the father ofMiss Sara Stevens, the\\ntragedienne.\\nYV. L. V. Little, born at Avon, X. Y.. in 1814, maybe said to\\nhave settled here as early as 1832, though he did not become a\\npermanent resident until 1836. Entering the office of the Saginaw\\nCity Company, he imbibed their principles of enterprise, and in\\n1840 began that commercial career which conferred so many\\nadvantages on the district.\\nJames McCormick, born at Albany, N. Y., May 25, 1787,\\ntraveled westward in 1832, and settled at Flint that sane year.\\nlie moved to Lower Saginaw in 1841, where he resided for live\\nyears previous to his death. It was stated that never was the\\nloss of a pioneer more deplored. While living he was the In-\\ndians friend and the associate of the American pioneer.\\nJames Fraser was born in Scotland. He left that country for\\nthe United States inl829, and five years later located lands on the\\nTittabawassee, near Saginaw City. From that time to his death\\nhe was among the first citizens of Michigan.\\nJohn Farley. sonofCapt. John Farley, of the U. S. Artillery,\\nvisited Saginaw in L831, and. associated with Samuel McCloskey,\\nplatted a portion of the land now comprised in the city, under the\\nname of the Town of Saginaw. McCloskey was a son-in-law of Ga-\\nbriel Godfroy, of Ypsilanti. Farley was subsequently appointed\\non coast survey duty. He was born in 1800, and died in 1873.\\nSidney S. Campbell was born at Paris. Oneida Co., N Y. He\\nmoved to Pontiac, Mich., in 1830; to Cass River Bridge, in 1836,\\nwhere he platted the town of Bridgeport, and to Lower Saginaw\\nm 1 v m.\\nIsrael Catlin, born at Chemung, Schuyler Co., N. Y., in June,\\nL814, settled at Saginaw City in 1841.\\nJames G. Birney, born at Danville. Ky. In 1841, he settled in\\nthe Lower Saginaw district, and three years later entered the\\nPresidential contest of 1*44 as the nominee of the Libertv Par-\\nty.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "212 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSamuel Dexter, whose name is so familiarly connected with the\\nhistory of Washtenaw county, platted the northeast quarter of\\nsection 24, township of Saginaw, in 1835, and a year later sold his\\ninterests here to Mackie, Oakley and Jennison, of New York.\\nMedor and Joseph Trombley settled at Portsmouth in 1835. Ben-\\nwa Trombley arrived in the fall of that year. Leon and Louis\\nTrombley arrived in 1832; the former as Indian blacksmith. The\\nTrombley s were Frenchmen, and among the most energetic of the\\nearly settlers. The grandfather of this family is said to have\\nvisited the valley in 1795, for the purpose of trading with the\\nChippewas.\\nCromwell Barney located lands in the Lower Saginaw district\\nin 1837, and erected a log house on the site subsequently occupied\\nby Munger Co s store.\\nThomas Rogers settled at Portsmouth, in 1838, and moved\\nshortly after to the district known as Lower Saginaw, where he\\noperated a blacksmith shop. During the cholera epidemic of 1852,\\nthis settler was one of the many which it claimed for a victim.\\nLouis Clawson came to the valley in 1839, with instructions\\nfrom the Government to make a survey of the territory extending\\nfrom the southern lines of Ogemaw and Iosco counties to the north-\\nern limits of Montmorency and Alpena.\\nCharles L. Richman settled at Saginaw City in 1836. He came\\nhere with Norman Little and Gov. Mason, making the trip from\\nDetroit on board the Gov. Marcy, which was the first steam-boat\\nthat appeared upon the waters of the Saginaw.\\nBenjamin Cushway, a resident of Saginaw for the past 39 years,\\nquietly passed to his rest May 25, 1881, after an illness of about\\neight weeks. He was able to be up one day, but was taken worse\\nabout 5 o clock next morning and died, as above stated, of paralysis\\nof the heart. Mr. Cushway was born in Detroit in 1809. He\\nlearned the blacksmithing trade, and in 1832 was appointed by\\nGen. Cass, then Territorial Governor of Michigan, as United States\\nblacksmith for the Chippewa Indians, with headquarters at Saginaw\\nCity, a position which he held for 34 years. In 1834 he married\\nAdelaide Robison. Their home was in Fort Saginaw on the block\\nwhere the Taylor House now stands. In 1836 his headquarters\\nwere moved to Bay City, then Lower Saginaw, where he remained\\n10 years. Returning to this city, he built a house where the Miller\\nblock now stands, in which he lived several years. Since 1865 he\\nhad not been engaged in active business. Three years ago his wife\\ndied, and recently in conversation with a friend he expressed the\\nopinion that he would not last long. He had a wonderful memory,\\nand within the last two weeks before his death recounted many\\nof the trials and pleasures and the fate of early inhabitants of\\nSaginaw. Four children, Mrs. A. C. Andre, Frank, Alfonzo and\\nCharles Cushway still reside in this city.\\nStephen Wolverton arrived at the mouth of the river, July 19,\\n1839, with authority to erect a light-house. He commenced the\\nwork, which was completed by Capt. Levi Johnson.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 213\\nCapt. John S. Wilson. Capt. 13. F. Pierce, Seth Willey, Dr.\\nEtotseau, ancle of Gen. Rosseau, F. W. Backus and 13. R. Hall.\\nwere among the pioneers of Lower Saginaw.\\nAloney Rust, a pioneer of the Saginaw, died September IS,\\nIn 74. lie arrived here in 1834.\\nA brain Butts was among the earliest and most patriotic of the\\nsettlers. He was collector in the early township days, and played\\nthe base drum at the first celebration of Independence Day.\\n-lames Busby was among the early settlers of the county. He\\nfilled many positions of trust, and the greatest confidence was re-\\nposed in him by the people.\\nElijah N Davenport moved from Flint to Saginaw in 1830. He\\nloaded two rlat-boats with his family and effects, and proceeded\\ndown the river. The journey continued for seven days, owing to\\ndelays caused by portages, at points where the drift-wood dammed\\nthe river.\\nHiram L. Miller arrived at Saginaw in 1S35. He was the first\\npastor of the Presbyterian Church, editor of the first newspaper\\nprojected here, and one of the leading citizens of the present time.\\nThomas McCarty. one of the earliest settlers of the Saginaw, as\\nwell as a pioneer of the State, left Roxbury. Mass., in 1829, for\\nMichigan. He settled in Saginaw in 1830. He died at the resi-\\ndence of his brother, Edward McCarty, a settler in the township\\nof Tittabawassee, Sept. 21, 1855. He was a resident of Saginaw\\ncounty f \u00c2\u00bbr 25 years. In company with his father. Edward McCarty (a\\ngentleman connected with the Irish revolution of 1798), he came to\\nMichigan, and, with ax and pack upon his shoulder, trod the un-\\nbroken wilderness northwest of Detroit to the home of his adop-\\ntion in this county. After seeing the lands in the vicinity of the\\nold fort, he resolved to locate in Tittabawassee. In 1850 he was\\nelected Representative to the State Legislature. Mr. McCarty s\\nbrothers. Edward and James McCarty. settled here in 1834.\\nGeo. W. Bullock, born at Savoy. Berkshire Co.. Mass., Aug.\\n27, 1809, traveled west in 1831, and settled in Saginaw in 1836.\\nHe took an active part in every movement connected with the prog-\\nress of the city. His death took place June 6, 1861.\\nRobert Ure, whose name is associated with the early political and\\ncommercial affairs of the Valley, arrived here in 1831. He filled\\nmany public offices, and was otherwise honored with the confidence\\nof the people.\\nDr. D. H. Fitzhugh was one of the early proprietors of the\\nSaginaw Valley. He made large purchases of land in the vicinity\\nof Saginaw in 1835, and about 1840 he bought several parcels of\\nland on the opposite side of the river, and with the late James\\nFraser and James G. Birney purchased the stock of the Saginaw\\nBay Company, and became one of the proprietors of Lower Sag-\\ninaw, now Bav City. His death occurred at Mt. Morris, N. Y.,\\nApril 23, 1881.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "214\\nHISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTHE LAND BUYERS.\\nFor the purpose of the county history proper, the names of those\\nwho patented the lands of the county between the years 1822,\\nthe date of the garrisoning of Fort Saginaw, and 1837, are here\\ngiven. Of the entire number of buyers named in this list, only a\\nfew left for other scenes so it may be stated with a degree of cer-\\ntainty that the men whose names follow were among the old set-\\ntlers of the county. In the histories of the various townships the\\nnames, locations, 1 and dates of purchase of all lands bought from\\nthe general Government, situated within such township will be\\ngiven. This list is confined to the term between 1822 and 1837,\\nthe last 10 years of which may be considered the pioneer period,\\nas by that .time the valley was well known, and the troubles which\\nusually beset the new settler partially removed.\\nJonathan Kearsley,\\nSmith Justin,\\nA. L. Whitney,\\nHermann Ladd,\\nDavid Stanard,\\nHenry C. West,\\nThomas Simpson,\\nGardner D. Williams,\\nJames P. Hayden,\\nCarolus A. Stebbins,\\nGeorge Damon,\\nAbel Miller,\\nWilliam Good,\\nNoah R. Campbell,\\nHenry Carnpau,\\nJoseph Holden,\\nFrancis Anderson,\\nWilliam Witchell,\\nWilliam Richards,\\nLeander Smith,\\nLewis Dupratts,\\nBenedict Tromble,\\nThomas Simpson,\\nElijah N.Davenport.\\nWillard B Bunnell,\\nAugustus Harrison,\\nPeter A. Cowdrej r\\nAbel S. Peters,\\nBenjamin Clapp,\\nThomas H. Newbold,\\nSidney S Campbell,\\nJohn Neate,\\n1822.\\nJames McCloskey.\\n1823.\\nJohn Biddle.\\n1824.\\nCharles Little\\nT. Chappel,\\n1830.\\nGovener Vinton,\\nLuther Jones.\\n1831.\\nDonald Urquhart.\\n1832.\\nEphraim S. Williams,\\nEleazer Jewett.\\n1833.\\nAndrew Ure,\\nLancelot Spare,\\nJoseph Bushy,\\nHarvey Rumvil\\n1834.\\nJohn McMillan,\\nEdward Green,\\nHugh McCubberish,\\nWilliam Draper,\\nDavid E. C orbin,\\n1835.\\nWilliam Barclay,\\nAnthony Swart hout,\\nCharles H. Rodd,\\nMary B. Brown,\\nCornelius Bergen,\\nGardner Mott,\\nThomas H. Newbold,\\nAlbert H. Dorr,\\nDaniel H. Fitzhugh,\\nJames Marsac,\\nEnoch Olmstead,\\nBradley Bunnell,\\nTrumble Cary,\\nAbel Millington,\\nJohn Brown,\\nJohn Lacy,\\nJohn Cameron.\\nJohn Thompson,\\nRobert Thompson,\\nPhiheas Spaulding,\\nJoseph Pitcairn,\\nAngus McDonald.\\nStephen H. Herrick,\\nSchuyler Hodges,\\nStephen H. Herrich,\\nEleazer Mason,\\nJoseph E. Town,\\nJohn Malone,\\nJames R. Slausson,\\nJohn S. Le Roy,\\nThomas H. Newbold,\\nEdward A. Leioy,\\nDuncan McKinzie,\\nWeston G. Elmer,\\nEdwin Herrick.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n215\\nGardner D. Williams,\\nJames Fraeer,\\nCharles II. Carroll,\\nE. S. Cobb,\\nEdward G. Faile,\\nAugustus c Stevens,\\nPaul Spafford,\\nJames Bucbey,\\nBenjamin Cushway,\\nHarvey Montgomery,\\nJohn Todd,\\nMatthew Cobb,\\nJohn McNiel,\\nJames II. Jerome,\\nJames Bosmer,\\nAsbbel 8. Thomson,\\nAndrew C. Scott,\\ni harles Matthews,\\nAmanda Vance,\\nWilliam Prout.\\nThomas P. Sawyer,\\nThomas L. L. Brent,\\nJohn M. Hubinger,\\nHiram G. Hotchkiss,\\nJosiab Beers,\\nPeter F. Ewer,\\nEpbraim Williams,\\nNorman Little,\\nWilliam T. Carroll.\\nJohn W. Edmunds,\\nLot Bodgman,\\nBest or L. Stevens,\\nDavid Lee,\\nJohn S. Tolbott,\\nToupaint Laferty,\\nAlbert Miller,\\nZenas D. Bassett,\\nBenjamin K. Hall,\\nCharles B. Granniss,\\nAllen Ayrault.\\nAlexander Baxter,\\nGeorge Chandler,\\nWilliam S. Hosmer,\\nMiranda Vance,\\nRoberl Stone,\\nAbraham I. Shultz,\\nDouglas Houghton,\\nWilliam Finley,\\nCalvin Hotchkiss,\\nLeman B. Hotchkiss.\\nStephen Beers,\\nFohn G. Gebhard,\\nNicholas Bouck,\\nJames Fraser,\\nGeorge W. Williams,\\nJohn S. Bag a\\nGardner I). Williams,\\nAlpheus Williams,\\nJoseph G. I!\\nJames Morse,\\n1836.\\nZuba Barrow?.\\nWait Black,\\nPeter F. Ewer.\\nWilliam Thomas.\\nThomas Mai one,\\nLoomas Thyer,\\nAllen Ayrault,\\nPerry G. Gardner,\\nElias Colborn,\\nHellasy Burchhart,\\nRussell G. Hurd,\\nSamuel A. Godard,\\nJerome B. Garland,\\nAsbel Aylsworth,\\nCaleb If. Wins,\\nRobert Smart,\\nOliver Atherton,\\nRowley Morris,\\nPhilander Truesdell,\\nRenssellar Blackmer,\\nFreeland McDonald,\\nJames Francis Clark,\\nThomas J. Drake,\\nHenry G. Hubbard,\\nDavid Dietz,\\nDavid Ellis,\\nWilliam McCullock,\\nOrzamus Willard,\\nJohn Rudd,\\nWarner Lake, Jr.,\\nJohn D. Jones,\\nJohn Clifford,\\nNathan Phillips,\\nNathaniel Foster,\\nJared H. Randell,\\nJohn Patterson,\\nJohn J. Charrnaud,\\nWilliam Moon,\\nFredrick Boell,\\nCharles Pratt,\\nDavid G. Hammer,\\nWilliam Bingham,\\nCharles P. Holmes,\\nRichard Dibbley,\\nGeorge Call,\\nJohn Rathbun,\\nJohn Farquharson,\\nJohn A. Welles,\\nGideon Paull,\\nWilliam S. Stevens,\\nCharles McLean.\\nElijah D. Ether,\\nAnthony Ten Eyck,\\n1837.\\nHarvey Miller,\\nCharles A. Lull,\\nWilliam Rice,\\nRobert A. Quartermass,\\nMortimer Wadhams,\\nCaleb Embury,\\nJohn L. Eastman,\\nRalph Wright,\\nJoseph Adams,\\nElias H. Herrick,\\nAlexander Howell,\\nS-eorge Marshall,\\nJacob B. Herrick,\\nGeorge Young,\\nThomas Smith,\\nNahum W. Capew,\\nJosiah G. Leech,\\nThomas McCarty,\\nWilliam C. Baker,\\nSherman M. Rockwood,\\nCurtis C. Gates,\\nJames J. McCormick.\\nLot Clark,\\nHenry Dwight,\\nJohn Smyth.\\nJames Davidson,\\nCornelius Bergen,\\nJames R. Jackman,\\nGabriel V. N. Hetfield,\\nJoseph Lawrence,\\nStephen V.R.Trowbridge,\\nRanson V. Ashley,\\nCharles J, Sutton,\\nJ. A. Blossom,\\nJames Wadsworth,\\nAlexander McAuther,\\nSilas Leighton,\\nIsaac Frost,\\nZenas D. Bassett,\\nThomas How r ell,\\nHenrv Slringham,\\nWilliam Churchill,\\nPatterson Ferguson,\\nDaniel Wood\\nThomas Wiard,\\nFrancis G. Macey,\\nJoseph F. Marsac,\\nJohn McCullogh,\\nJames Ripey,\\nNicholas N. Stover,\\nStephen Warren,\\nLansing B. Migner,\\nEliza Chapin,\\nAbner D. Debolt,\\nNicholas Havward,\\nRalph Hall,\\nEbenezer Conkling,\\nChester Ingalls,\\nJohn G. Ireland,\\nMiriam M. Cummings,\\nPolly Todd,\\nAlmira Woodford,\\nCharles Chamberlain,\\nAlexander Lee,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "216\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nBarnard Hackett,\\nJohn Falls,\\nMary F. Barbour.\\nMary Ann Hunt,\\nFrederick H. Stephens,\\nOrsmans Long,\\nJoseph J. Maiden,\\nLemuel Brown,\\nZenas Morse,\\nAlba Lull,\\nHoratio Abell,\\nSimeon Cumings,\\nGideon Lee,\\nSimon Law,\\nWilliam Eastman,\\nRobert C S. Page,\\nHorace Gilpin,\\nVenus Howe,\\nFrancis Anderson,\\nAndrew Middleton,\\nJames B. Hunt,\\nJohn Barbour,\\nElizabeth A. Barbour,\\nHugh Quin,\\nThomas Crickals.\\nSamuel H. Fitzhugh,\\nJames M. Williams,\\nJoseph T. Tromble,\\nSilas Barns,\\nDavid Kirk,\\nPeter Kemp,\\nThomas Barger,\\nWilliam Renwick,\\nJames Marsac,\\nThomas Townsend,\\nHenry H. Le Roy,\\nBenjamin McLellan,\\nMoses P. Butler,\\nEurotas P. Hastings,\\nPhilander R. Howe,\\nJohn T. Tallman,\\nSamuel Noves,\\nBenjamin F. Town,\\nWilliam H. H. Elliot,\\nJohn Tallman,\\nChauncey Metcalf,\\nLemuel Brown,\\nObadiah Crane,\\nBarnard Huckett,\\nSilas Leonard Parks,\\nJames Marsac,\\nVolney Owens,\\nJohn Kemp,\\nJames Laing,\\nTuomas Freeman,\\nJohn Drysdale,\\nThomas Bloor,\\nJohn Ballard,\\nTimothy Biddell,\\nDuncan McLellan,\\nStephen Reeves,\\nCalvin Townsend,\\nAbraham Buckee,\\nCharles English,\\nIsaac Brown,\\nClarissa Hamilton,\\nRobert Harper,\\nGeorge Wardman,\\nDavid Van Warner,\\nA RETROSPECT.\\nWhat a change has come over the land since they first saw\\nit! The metamorphosis from the sickle and the cradle to the\\nmodern harvester is not more wonderful than other changes which\\nhave been wrought; and he who brings up sad remembrances\\nof a hard day s work, and a lumbago causecl by the swinging of\\nhis cradle or scythe, smiles, when he thinks of that semi-barbarous\\nperiod that could neither produce a harvester nor a mower. To-\\nday he mounts into the seat of one of these machines, as he would\\ninto his phaeton, and with the assurance that, no matter what the\\ncondition of the grain, whether tangled, lodged or leaning, he\\nmasters a quarter section of wheat field more thoroughly and with\\ngreater economy than he could have managed a five-acre field\\n25 years ago.\\nThe change is certainly material. They realize it; but yet they\\nlook back to the never-forgotten past, when contentment waited on\\nthe work of the old cradle, plow, and spade to that time when the\\nprimitive character of all things rendered all primitively happy.\\nThen contentment reigned supreme, and continued so to do until\\nknowledge created ambitions, and those ambitions brought in their\\ntrain their proverbial and numerous little troubles.\\nThe change has been revolutionizing indeed! Then political\\nmeetings were called by messages passed from mouth to mouth,\\nfrom neighbor to neighbor; now the columns of the great daily\\njournals of the city, and of the weekly papers, supplemented by\\nglaring posters call the attention of the people. Well organized\\ncornet bands are sometimes employed to aid all that printers do,", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n217\\nand even this has a satellite supplied to it, in the shape of a band\\nof small boys, with a base drum, a snare drum and a dozen tin-\\nwhistles. The latter organization is solely the creature of a great\\npolitical campaign, and discourses its peculiar music only previous\\nto the quadriennial election. On very special occasions the cornet\\nhand is called out, and oftentimes a quartette party accompanies\\nthe candidate in his round of the townships. Change is stamped\\non everything. Progress accompanies it to the end.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER Y.\\nGERMAN SETTLEMENTS.\\nThe history of the county was in the main, undoubtedly, made\\nby the American pioneers. They had just opened up the new\\nsettlements on the Saginaw, advertised the resources of their land,\\nand prepared as it were a way to peace and prosperity for the too-\\nmuch-governecl, industrious, and sedate German. Within eight\\nyears after the admission of Michigan into the Union of the States,\\nand nine years after the organization of Saginaw county, the people\\nof Central Europe began to direct their attention to the land ot\\ngreat forests, and to contribute their quota to its settlement. As\\nearly as 1845, the Kremer settlement was made here, and within\\nthe years immediately subsequent a representative of all the coun-\\ntries from the Rhine to the Russian frontier could be found\\nbeginning a new life on every section of the lands of this county.\\nGreat numbers of the Germans, who came here between 1845 and\\n1859, made this county their home, and have contributed, in a\\nhigh degree, to raise it to its present prosperous condition.\\nThat such a people should claim pioneer honors will not be denied.\\nIn peace and war the German citizens of Saginaw have acted a\\npatriotic part, and there is every reason to presume that, with\\ntheir knowledge of all the evils which a monarchical form of gov-\\nernment entails, they will stand by the Republic, and teach their\\nchildren to honor a land dedicated to Liberty and marked out as\\nthe true home of manhood.\\nOf the German citizens of this county the following may be\\nclassed among the pioneers, the date of arrival and place of settle-\\nment being given:\\n1847 M. Huber, Blumfield; J. Meyer and M. Herbst, Saginaw.\\n1848\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Carl Dhrele, Salina.\\n1849\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Dr. M. C. T. Plessner, A. W. Achard, M. Ziegler, F. Herig, and C. Ulrich,\\nSaginaw; F. Dieckman, E. Saginaw; F. Lepsch, Buena Vista; M. Ulrich, Frank-\\nentrosl; and F. Vanfleet, Blumfield.\\n1850\u00e2\u0080\u0094 J. Nerreter and Charles Langlass, E. Saginaw; E. Barck, J. Liskow,\\nWin. Fischer, Charles Wapler, Z T. Schoerner, J. Bauer and H. Bernhard, Sagi-\\nnaw; J. Schaberg, Blumfield; and C. Hage and Val. Simon.\\n1851\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A.nton Crane, Blumfield; Ernst Franck and L. and E Bloedoh, Bay City;\\nHenry Miller, Saginaw City Wm. Seidel, Saginaw; and Win. Grandjean and J.\\nC. Spaeth.\\n18i2\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fred. Koehlerand Wm. Zwerk, E. Saginaw; R. Scheurmann, L. Zagel-\\nmeier and Charles Babo, Bay City J. Backus, Saginaw F. Fischer, Joseph\\nElderer, John Leipold, Peter Schneizer, M. Heubisch, John Stroebel and F. W.\\nRoenicke.\\n1853\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John Foetzinger and H.Romeike, Saginaw; J. Bechrow, E. Saginaw;\\nand M. Riedel and John Ruff.\\n(218)", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 219\\n1854\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John Lent/., Bay county; Richard Kuehn, Wm. Schieh andEmil Scheur-\\nnianii. Saginaw; Win. Kumphert, Flint; and Geo. Schietherger, Franz Koehler\\nand M. Stoker.\\n1855\u00e2\u0080\u0094 F. Y.Ementher, Blumfleld; and Wm. J. Deindorfer.\\n1856 H. Krause. E. Saginaw Peter H. Krogman, Saginaw; and H. Stoeltz-\\nrider, jr., and J. Baesche.\\n1857\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John Weiss, Saginaw; and A. Heine, Bay City.\\n1859\u00e2\u0080\u0094 August Fuehr and J. C. Ziegler, Saginaw; arid August Zoelner.\\nORGANIZATION OF THE PIONEERS.\\nA meeting of Germans was held at the Teutonia Hall, Saginaw\\nCity, May 26, 1881, for the purpose of organizing a Pioneer Soci-\\nety. The meeting was formally organized by the appointment of\\nL. Bloedon as president and F. Dieckman, secretary. The resolu-\\ntion to organize was made by Ernst Franck, when the chairman\\nappointed Messrs. Liskow, Haack. Xerreter, Barck and Spaeth, a\\ncommittee on permanent organization. Dr. M. C. T. Plessner,\\nof Saginaw City, was nominated for the presidency of the society\\nand elected unanimously. His inaugural address, delivered on\\nthe occasion, is full and historically valuable, and on that account\\ndeserves notice in these pages. He said:\\nIt is my duty and my pleasure to bid you welcome in this\\nmeeting of the old and tried pioneers of the Saginaw Valley; it is\\nrefreshing to see again the faces of those who fought with us in the\\nbattle with the elements and with the forest, many years ago; to\\nlook into the eyes of those steadfast men who assisted to change\\nthe primeval forest into smiling fields and fruitful gardens; the lit-\\ntle log houses and shanties of the wilderness into flourishing cities\\nami villages: who helped to evoke order and civilized life from\\nchaos and the rough life and manners of the frontier.\\nSuch meetings as ours are not only desirable, but of great ben-\\nefit to all participants. Time is fleeting fast, and the eyes of many\\nof those who had their share in the developments of this country\\nare already closed; many more have passed the middle age, and\\nare on the downward path, soon to be ended in the grave. If the\\nmemory of small beginnings and hard struggles is not to be en-\\ntirely lost, the recollections of the pioneers must be collected and\\nsifted; our posterity will take an interest in them, no doubt may-\\nbe they will be benefited by them.\\nThe duty to welcome you here is the more pleasant to me, as\\nall the men here are acquaintances of mine from auld lang syne.\\nSome of them I have been happy to call my friends during a quarter\\nof a century, and not a few during my life-time. Allow me, as a\\nbasis for our labor communications, to lay before you a sketch of\\nthe history of this Saginaw Valley, and principally of the German\\nsettlement in the same. This is not based on documents, which\\nare not accessible to me, but mostly on personal recollections. It\\nmay abound in errors and inaccuracies, which no one better than\\nyourselves can detect and correct, but I give my promise that noth-\\ning will be said in hatred, malice, or even in prejudice, if it can be", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "220 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\navoided. Old age makes men tolerant, even if in no other way it\\nmproves them.\\nThe Saginaw Valley is a portion of the northeastern quarter of\\nthe lower peninsula of Michigan. It is bounded on the south by\\nthe hilly watershed between Flint and Holly; on the west by the\\nwatershed between the rivers tributary to the Saginaw and Grand\\nrivers; on the north by the watershed of the Sable river; and on\\nthe east by Saginaw Bay and Lake Huron. It is a very fiat country,\\nonly a few low hills in it, that were formerly covered with heavy\\nprimeval forests. The valley is very much intersected by many\\nrivers, the Saginaw being the largest. This river is only 18 miles\\nin length, short but wide, having at Bay City a width of 1,000 feet.\\nThe depth averages from eight to nine feet, and its current is gen-\\nerally sluggish. Its tributaries are the Cass, Flint, Shiawassee\\nand Tittabawassee, coming from the four points of the compass.\\nAll of them are navigable for small vessels, although their navi-\\ngation is very much neglected; their obstructions not removed, yet\\ntheir almost innumerable sources, such as the Pine, Tobacco and\\nmany other such smaller streams are in the spring exclusively used\\nin floating down logs from the lumber camps near them. A pe-\\nculiar feature of this region is that the lakes and lakelets, so\\nabundant north and south of us, are here entirely missing. Sag-\\ninaw Valley has undoubtedly been the bottom of a great lake. Its\\nsoil is 80 to 100 feet above the rocks and boulders; on top of this\\nis rich, alluvial black loam, varying in depth from six to eight\\ninches; the hills are mostly covered with sand. The forests con-\\nsisted of pines on the hills and hemlock, oak, beech, maple, elm\\nand ash on the plains. There is comparatively little prairie in the\\nvalley, and that is very low. It is well known that the land con-\\ntains very large reservoirs of salt brine, the making of salt being\\none of our great industries. Coal has been found in some parts\\nof the valley, but so far has not proved profitable. Metals have not\\nyet been found. Limestone and gypsum are abundant in some\\nparts of the valley. The Indians roamed free and undisturbed in\\nSaginaw county until half a century ago.\\nIt is said that the Sac and Fox tribes occupied this valley,\\nand gave it the name it bears, and that the Chippewas came over\\nfrom Canada, defeating the former tribes in three great battles,\\ntwo of them being fought on the Saginaw river, and the last and\\ndecisive one on the Cass river, driving the Sac and Fox tribes\\nsouth and west. Whether this happened 100 or 1,000 years ago\\nnone can tell. The more civilized Indians, as the Mound Builders,\\nwhich left so many traces in the Upper Peninsula and south of us,\\ndo not seem to have settled in this valley. The Indians became\\nunpleasantly notorious in the last war with England. During the\\nsiege of Detroit, they marched down there as allies of the English,\\nunder their chief, Kish-kaw-ko, and his son, Chemick, plundered\\nthe settlers, murdered men, women and children, and sold their\\nscalps to English officials in Canada. They did not fight, their\\nwarfare being only against the unarmed and unwary. A few years", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "Ityastfc", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY 223\\nafter the peace of Ghent, Gen. ass concluded a treaty with the\\nIndian-, By which they gave up their claims to the land, except\\nsome reservations, and received an annual bounty. There was an\\nIndian fanner appointed to teach them farming, but they made\\nvery indifferent farmers. Gen. Cushway, a Canadian Frenchman,\\nwas appointed as a blacksmith to repair their guns, and held his\\nappointment several years, dying within a few years, at quite an\\nadvanced age. The Government also sent them two Methodist\\npreachers, but the Indians sent them back, saying they would\\nrather have another blacksmith. Kish-kaw-ko was subsequently\\nimprisoned in Detroit as a drunken vagabond, and while there\\ntook poison, thus ending his unhappy life.\\nThe Indians in this Valley lost all political significance. Once\\nduring the war of the Rebellion, the rumor was started that the\\nIndians were assembling and arming themselves, but it caused\\nvery little alarm among the inhabitants of the Valley, as their\\ncourage and fighting qualities are now held in utter contempt by\\nthe white settlers.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Indians, as we saw them thirty years ago, and longer, were\\nwell built, swarthy, never handsome, prominent cheek bones, black\\ncoarse hair, no whiskers nor beard; their covering being a dark\\ncalico shirt reaching to the knees, the lower part of the legs\\nincased in woolen leggings, the feet covered with moccasins; no\\ncovering of the head whatever, but now and then a long feather\\n-tuck in the hair; while sometimes, but seldom, they had red,\\nyellow or blue streaks painted on their faces. The women, ugly\\nalmost without an exception, wore a long calico dress, also mocca-\\nsins but nothing else. Their babies papooses were encased\\nin narrow shingle boards strapped upon their backs. They were\\nvery much given to loitering around, staring at everything, asking\\nfor anything that pleased them, which was generally bread, pork,\\nand other things, but principally tobacco and whisky. They did\\nnot steal, and were not quarrelsome, even when drunk; but were\\naltogether an inoffensive, harmless and worthless rabble, not at\\nall romantic or picturesque. They lived by hunting and fishing,\\nwere considered very poor marksmen by the whites, who excelled\\nin rifle-shooting, sold cranberries, whortleberries, baskets and moc-\\ncasins. The painting of their baskets with gay colors, and the\\nembroidering of moccasins was the only approach they made\\ntoward the fine arts. They lived in their tents, or in huts made\\nfrom bark, some in shanties, and even in log houses. Their\\nfarming consisted mostly of planting a little corn, by the squaws\\nThey spoke their own language, could understand English, and\\neven speak it, but usually denied their knowledge of it. Some of\\nthem were Christianized by Methodistand Lutheran ministers, but\\nthey seemed very indifferent to religion.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Well, I am afraid 1 have devoted too much of my time to\\nthem only allow me to describe pay-day among them, and\\nthe conveying of the mail from Saginaw to Mackinaw in the win-\\nter season. Pay-day was the great festival for the Indians, in\\n14", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "221 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nspring-time they receiving their annual bounty, which was four\\ndollars (if I am not mistaken) for every man, woman and child.\\nThey assembled first in Saginaw City, and afterward in Midland.\\nThey pitched their tents on the vacant blocks, decorating them\\nwith flags. The streets swarmed with Indians full of fire-water.\\nThere was much jumping and running,- but no quarreling or fight-\\ning; so no precautionary measures were taken, or needed. The\\nmails were carried on sleds made of a very few boards, two\\ncrooked branches serving as runners, and 10 or 12 dogs har-\\nnessed to them tandem fashion. The Indians ran at the sides of\\nthe sleds, almost 200 miles through an unbroken wilderness,\\nthrough forests and swamps, over rivers and straits, to their des-\\ntination.\\nIn 1822, the Government established the fort at Saginaw, in\\nthe midst of Indians, a company of soldiers forming the garrison.\\nDr. Zina Pilcher was the first medical attendant. Life must then\\nhave been a burden, in the midst of the forests, far from all inter-\\ncourse with civilized men, surrounded by malaria, tormented by\\nmillions of mosquitos; no wonder that the officers hankered\\nafter the flesh-pots of Egypt, and prayed to be relieved.\\nAfter one year the fort was given up, and the soldiers w r ent\\nhome. The principal fort stood on the Taylor House block; was\\na long, two-story log house, surrounded by stockades. A second\\none, similar in size and appearance, stood on Hamilton street, op-\\nposite Molls drug store, while a third was situated about half a\\nmile north, between the river and Washington street. Two of\\nthem were inhabited as late as 1850, but were rather dangerous,\\nand soon after torn down. One was used as a bonfire on a Fourth\\nof July celebration, After the establishment of the fort, some\\nsettlers came into the Valley, locating mostly on, or near, the Tit-\\ntabawassee river. In 1822, the first city was laid out on quite a\\nmodest plan, the streets running in the same manner as now, be-\\ning only 10 or 12 in number, and quite narrow. A few log houses\\nwere erected on Water street.\\nIn 1837, a change came over the place. Norman Little,\\nMackey, Jennison, and some others formed a company, bought the\\ncity plot and the land adjoining, laid out the city on a large scale,\\nbuilt some houses, some of them at a very great expense, a hotel\\nat a cost of 835,000, a large, four-story warehouse on the river,\\nat a cost of $25,000, started a bank, issued bank notes with a red\\nback, and on the face canal and steam-boats. The canal boats\\nnever came to the city, steam-boats only many years later. The\\ncanal was intended to join the Bad to the Looking-glass river,\\nand in this way to connect the Grand and Saginaw rivers. Every-\\nwhere was life, and speculation ran wild. Lots were held at a\\nhigher price than ever afterward. The glory of the new city did\\nnot last long. The panic came, and shattered all these air castles,\\nthe company became bankrupt, the settlers moved away, and de-\\ncay was everywhere. In 1845 the German immigration to this\\nvalley began, and helped, directly, in clearing up the country, but", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "HI8TOBY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 225\\nmore indirectly, by drawing the attention of outsiders to the riches\\nof the forest and the soil, and in this way laid the foundation for a\\nslow, but steady and solid improvement. The first Germans who\\ncame to this valley were three Westphalians, Henry StelgHder,\\nlong and well known as Dutch Henry, Tuerke and Sittereing, the\\ndate of their arrival being.about 1840. They found some work in\\nthe city, soon bought wild land on the cross-roads, 1 and made\\nexcellent farms of it. Dutch Henry died a short time ago, at an\\nadvanced age. He was a model of a German farmer, a hard,\\nsteady worker, economical, a good neighbor, without any political\\nambition, but devoted to Lis Church the Lutheran which he as-\\nsisted freely as far as his means would permit. The first meetings\\nof thi- religious body were held at his house. Tuerke died many\\nyears ago. also at a very old age. Sittereing moved to Franken-\\nmuth when that township was organized. His three daughters\\nmarried Americans, and are yet living in this county.\\nA larger German emigration followed in 1845. They were\\ninhabitants of Franconia and a portion of Bavaria, who felt them-\\nBelves oppressed at home, and under the advice of Pastor Loehe\\ndecided to emigrate to America, to follow the Lutheran creed in\\nall it- strictness, and, as far as possible, to convert the Indians.\\nThey cumbered 15 in all. under the guidance of Pastor Kraemer.\\nPastor Schmidt, of Ann Arbor, had selected for them a place on\\nthe Cass river, where they soon located, built a church, school and\\nparsonage, and gave the settlement the name of Frankenmutli.\\nThey began to clear the land, and their chosen duty of converting\\nthe red man. but the latter soon left the neighborhood. The num-\\nber of the white settlers rapidly increased, until they now make a\\nflourishing and thickly settled township. In 1*47 another colony\\nwas formed, by a man from the same country, and of the same re-\\nligious denomination Frankentrost. about 12 miles east of the Sag-\\ninaw river, in the middle of the forest, no river near, no road\\nleading to it for over 10 years. The soil was as rich as that of\\nFrankenmuth. and was very flat and swampy. Malarious fevers\\nincreased; also the hardships of the first settlement, and men, as\\nwell as women, were quickly worn out.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2A third settlement. Frankenlust. was founded in 1848, by the\\nRev. Sievers, who resides there at the present time. This location\\nWas by far better than that of Frankentrost, being only three miles\\nfrom the site of Lower Saginaw mow Bay City), and no great diffi-\\nculty to make new roads. Two more German settlements were\\nfounded in L850; Amelit and Prankenhuelfe. Quite a number of\\nthese settlers, mostly mechanics, moved into Saginaw City and\\nBay City, where they now have churches and schools. These col-\\nonists were mostly small farmers and mechanics. The educated\\nclasses were represented by the ministers, teachers, several young\\nmatrons, and one physician. Dr. Koch, of Frankenmuth, who set-\\ntled at the latter place in ls47. from Ragensburg. Bavaria. He\\nwas a very active man. with good, common sense, and worked so\\nhard that at fin years of age he was entirely worn out.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u00a2_ 2t HI8T0RY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThese German settlers worked steadily on their farms, never\\ntaking any part in the lumber and salt interests of the Valley, and\\nat present are in very comfortable circumstances. They are truly\\nconservative in their religious lite and customs, ra politics invari-\\nably casting a heavy Democratic vote. The German language and\\ncustoms will live longest among these settlers and their descend-\\nants. Those Franconians had never a pauper at the county farm.\\nan l only once or twice a criminal in the county jail. No small\\npraise for a population ofnearly 1.0,000, and for over a period of\\nyears. It is not likely that colonization from religious motives\\nwill take place again, religious liberty being more extended at the\\npresent time; hut their relations ami friends will follow them to their\\nnew home, and most likely scatter over the county.\\nIn 1849 and the years following, another wave of emigration\\nstruck the shores of Saginaw river. Jn L848 there had been an\\nuprising in Germany, tor liberty and unity, which wasfollowed 1\\na severe and often bloody reaction. Many who had taken a more\\nor less active art in the revolution, left the old country and came\\nto America. Michigan had at this time the only successful emi-\\ngration agent, Mr. Thompson, of Flint, by whose influence many\\nGermans were directed to Saginaw county. These settlers be-\\nlonged largely to the educated classes lawyers, physicians, mer-\\nchant-, manufacturers, army officers and others. A great many\\nhad fought in the revolutionary ranks in Baden, among others.\\nAlherti. Mto. Fischer, Stuber. They came from all parts of Ger-\\nmany, hut among them were a large number ol Westphalians.\\nThe latter established a settlement of their own. called Cheboy-\\ngonun, in the township of Blumficld, which latter received its name\\nfrom a noted leader among the Germans. The first settlers there\\nwere Post, Van Vliet and Diekmann. It may be of some interest\\nto recall how we found Saginaw City at this time, some 32 years\\nago.\\nThe access was not easy. From the East to Detroit we could\\ncome very easily by railroad and steamer. From Detroit to Pon-\\ntiac we rode on the railroad of that name. The engine looked like\\na large coffee mill; one car was attached, about as large as a street-\\ncar of to-day, which jumped from the strap-rails about every half-\\nmile. All passengers then got out and assisted in replacing the\\ncar on the rails; so we made 26 miles in four hours. Bui the trip\\nwas not SO unpleasant as maybe supposed, for. on seeing many\\nripe blackberries, we left the car. gathered them, and went on\\nhoard again. From Pontiac to Saginaw it took two days more,\\nover very rough roads. The city of Easl Saginaw did not exist.\\nOn the north of the present city was a single farm-house; in a small\\nclearing on the south, where are now located the city ^h works,\\nwas Buena Vista, containing the saw-mill, a small Doardine-house,\\nthree or four shanties, and the Halls of the Montezumas. This\\nwas the residence of the owner. 0urti8 Emerson, remarkable for\\nhis eccentricities and gr*at thirst. Wesl Hay City did not exist,\\nthere being only one house near the river. Bay ity. or as it was", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 227\\ncommonly termed. Lower Saginaw, had a hotel, the Campbell\\nHouse, about half a dozen small frame houses and a dozen or more\\nshanties. Zilwaukee had just been located and contained only\\none family, one house and three shanties. Carrollton consisted of\\na small log house. Saginaw City, the most pretentious place in\\nthe valley the county seat then as now\u00e2\u0080\u0094 had about 200 inhabi-\\ntants; the big hotel was closed; the warehouse contained one stove,\\nbut was otherwise empty; several larger houses and also the build-\\nings of the fort were in a state of great decay; one small saw-mill\\nat work; about a dozen frame houses and as many old huts. The\\nriver fleet consisted of one dilapidated stern-wheeler; roads were\\nvery few; one, the old Government road, led to Flint; and the river\\nroad from Saginaw City to Midland. Between Saginaw and Lower\\nSaginaw there existed no road on either side of the river. The\\ncounty was covered with heavy forests; was quite swampy; only\\nsmall clearings, and the greater portion of those along the Tittaba-\\nwassee river.\\nLiving was very cheap, as far as game and fish were con-\\ncerned a full barrel of white lish costing two dollars, and a full\\ngrown deer about one dollar; but other things, which are com-\\nmonly considered the necessaries of life, were luxuries here. Flour\\ncame from Detroit, and sometimes not at all; fresh meat we had\\nonly when our only butcher. Hayden, killed a cow and sold the\\nmeat; when this was gone, he locked up the butcher shop again\\nfor the next three or four months. Beer and wine were very un-\\ncommon, but whisky was plenty. The country had the name of\\nbeing very unhealthy and deserved it in some respects. Malari-\\nous diseases, such as fever and ague, were very prevalent in the\\nfall season, so that once in Bay City, out of a population of about\\n120, I could not find a single person able to stand on his feet.\\nOtherwise the country was very healthy; typhoid fevers unknown;\\nconsumption only imported, and even some very bad cases got well,\\nand are living at the present time..\\nCrime was at this time unknown; we had no jail and didn t\\nwant one. We had a poor-house, to be sure, and the keeper of it,\\nNelson Gerry, who held this position for several years, threw it up\\nin disgust, when the first pauper was entered. Churches, we found\\nnone, there being one in Frankenmuth, but at entirely too great a\\ndistance. In the high times of Saginaw City, they had started\\neverything except a Church. The first one built in any of the cities,\\nwas the Lutheran, of Saginaw City.\\nLife was quite pleasant here, there being many well educated\\npeople from New York, Massachusetts and New r Hampshire.\\nSchool was held now and then, in a small building at Saginaw City.\\nOnly since 1852 has a change taken place for the better. The\\ncountry contains a population made up of Americans, French,\\nCanadians, a few Irish and the Germans. The Indians had wig-\\nwams on the Tittabawassee, opposite Freehand, near the mouth of\\nSwan creek, and at Chesaning and Taymouth, until they were\\nremoved to Isabella county. We cannot complain about the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "228 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAmericans of this time; they were always kind and obliging-, and\\nlent a helping hand where they could. Even such as were com-\\nmonly called not over-honest, were honest in their dealings\\nwith the Germans. The lawyers who came here all went to farm-\\ning, one receiving afterward a judicial office, which he held for\\nmany years, and to the present time, showing that he gives satis-\\nfaction to the people.\\nu Of the pioneer physicians, your speaker is the only survivor.\\nDrs. Koch and Sauner died of old age; Drs. Francke and\\nFuchsius met with accidents, both of them being drowned in the\\nSaginaw river, at different times; Doctor Bondaniels shot himself\\nat East Saginaw. The army officers, of whom we had many,\\nmostly belonging to the Austrian and Prussian armies, did not do\\nvery well; some got very poor, and all left the county years ago.\\nTo show to what hardships they were exposed, let me mention two\\nbrothers, formerly lieutenants in the Prussian army, and noble-\\nmen by birth. Once, during a storm, some neighbor visited them.\\nPie could find neither until he heard a voice, and found that each\\none had overturned a barrel, crept in with the upper part of the\\nbody, let the lower limbs stay out, the latter being covered with\\nhigh boots, all the time the rain pouring through the roof in great\\nsheets. The other men of 48 mostly went to farming, and are\\nusually termed Latin farmers, because they understood Latin\\nbetter than farming. They found farming twice as hard as oth-\\ners on account of their inexperience, and their being unused to\\nbodily labor.\\nl In 1854, the German Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons was\\norganized, which is in existence now. Later, but not in pioneer\\ntimes, the German lodges of I. O. O. F. and K. of H. were cre-\\nated. The first Turnverein was established at East Saginaw, and\\nsoon required a hall. Out of it grew the singing and the school\\nsections. It was subsequently merged into the Society Germania,\\ngiving to the latter those splendid buildings and gardens of their\\nown that form the center of all German life. In the same way,\\nin 1857, was the Turnverein of Saginaw City established. Soon\\nfollowed the Singverein and the Schulverein, which afterward were\\nmerged into the Verein Teutonia. The Arbeiter Yereins were es-\\ntablished at a later period, and are doing a very successful work\\nin relieving the sick, the widows and orphans of their members.\\nIn 1858, a militia company was formed at Saginaw City. Dr.\\nFrancke was the first Captain. Under Capt. Henry Miller, they\\nformed Co. K of the 5th Keg. Mich. Yol. Inf., the so-called\\nFighting Fifth. Many of the members were left on the bloody\\nbattle-fields of the Old Dominion/ Another company was formed\\nat East Saginaw, which, under Capt. Emil Moores, formed part of\\nthe 2d Reg. Mich. Yol. Inf. Many other Germans joined other\\nregiments of this and adjoining States. All the men did their\\nduty bravely, and many gave their lives for the preservation ot\\ntheir adopted country.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 229\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2In the following years, the emigration to tins county came in\\na large measure from the northern portion of Germany and Lower\\nGermany, bnt mostly from the Province of Pomerania and the\\nStates of Mecklenburg. They arc a healthy, strong, industrious\\nand economical set of men; work for a t rw years in the saw-mills\\nand salt works, then with their savings buy some wild land, cut\\nthe trees into cord-wood, at the same time clearing their farms, and\\nsoon get a moderate competence.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2At the close of my speech, which may have been tedious to\\nmany of you. let me ask. and try to answer, two questions. The\\ntirst one Did we do well in coming here did we find what we\\nwere in search of The second Has our coming here benefited\\nthe county and the State? The first one can only be answered\\nfrom individual experience, but I believe it ought to be answered\\nwith -yes. If any one came here with the hope to find a new\\nEldorado where he could get rich, mighty and powerful without\\nwork, he found himself deceived, and deserved no better fate.\\nBut any one who wanted to work, to keep his expense within\\nbounds, soon saw the bitter care for daily food flee him; saw him-\\nself able to furnish not only subsistence, but the decencies of life\\nfor those who depended upon him, and he felt himself a man\u00e2\u0080\u0094 a\\nh-w man an equal of the best. In politics, even if not all our\\ndesires are fulfilled, we find a great step forward from the Old\\nFaderland. It is the opinion of the majority of the settlers that\\nno one of them returned by his own choice to Germany; that such\\nas went there, even with the purpose of remaining, came back very\\nquickly, and don t talk any more about their visions of staying\\nthere.\\nThe second question I believe I can also answer with yes.\\nThe Germans learned a great deal from the Americans enter-\\nprise and self dependence; hut the Americans have also learned\\nsomething from the Germans steadiness of purpose and honesty\\nto the trusts reposed in them. The American settler was far\\nahead of his German neighbor during the first years, hut after 10\\nyears the tables have turned, and tie- Germans are leading. As a\\nproof of tins, compare the adjoining towns of Frankenmuth and\\nBridgeport. Honesty to the trust imposed upon them, is shown.\\nby the fact that although we have had many defaulters in public\\noffices, not one of them was a German. A great many held offices\\nof consequence, as treasurers, sheriffs, register of deeds, etc.\\nThe German members of the Hoard of Supervisors are respected\\nand influential. Of city offices the Germans have had their share\\nchiefly of such as gave plenty of work and no income, viz.:\\nWater. Cemetery, School, Fire and Poor .Hoards.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0096\u00a0I. ft us devote our time a- we have done so far, to the welfare\\nof our county, so that our nation may become ;i wise, free and\\npowerful one, and this Republic a model for all countries to imi-\\ntate. For this purpose let as work and strive, each one for him-\\nself, and tor all. 1", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "230\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThere is every probability that the organization will be con-\\ntinued; that it will be free from all these petty disagreements which\\noftentimes creep into such societies is to be hoped. Let nativeism\\nbe observed at its meetings and in the households of its members;\\nlet it be forgotten in politics and trade, and the welfare of the or-\\nganization is a certainty.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VI.\\n8KETCHES OF HISTORY.\\nIn local history, a large number of important events have to be\\nrecorded, some of which claim a detailed account, others merely a\\nmention. In the former instance a chapter may be devoted to\\neach topic, while in the latter it is only necessary for the writer to\\n-roup all in one section or chapter of the book. Here, then, will\\nhe treated smaller items which go to make up a county history.\\nEach of them gained some attention from the people of the past.\\nsome of them are known to those of the present, and all will be\\ninstructive to the coming generations.\\nERA OF TERRITORIAL ROADS.\\nSome years after the great western highway to Chicago was laid\\notl. the Council of the Territory directed some attention to the\\nnorthern districts, and declared. that there shall be established\\na Territorial road from Mt. Clemens up the north branch of the\\nClinton, following as near as practicable the route of an old sur-\\nvey, to Romeo, thence on the most elegible and direct route to the\\nto the seat of justice in the county of Lapeer; thence to the seat\\nof justice in the county of Saginaw; thence to the northern ex-\\ntremity of the Peninsula; thence to the Sault Ste. Marie in the\\ncounty of Chippewa. The commissioners appointed to establish\\nthis great thoroughfare were Daniel L. Roy, Horace H. Cady and\\nNathaniel Squires. If thev were unable to perform the entire\\nduty, they were instructed to establish the road, at least, as far as\\nthe seat of justice in Saginaw county. This authority was given\\nby a Legislative enactment under date of March 4, 1831, and the\\nduty of the commissioners carried out faithfully so that within the\\nsucceeding year the northern highway was open to immigrants.\\nWithin the 12 months succeeding, the people of the township\\nof the county of Saginaw desired to lay out township road-.\\nEleazer Jewett was appointed deputy county surveyor.\\nThe earliest records of road surveys made- in Saginaw township,\\nare reviewed as follows:\\nA survey of a road from Saginaw to the Tittabawassee river was\\nmade by Eleazer Jewett, April 12, 1832. This roadway extended\\na distance of 11 miles and 9.57 chains from a point near the cor-\\nners of sections ISTos. 23, 24, 25 and 26, township 12 north, range\\n1 east, to a point one chain east of the east bank of the Tittabawas-\\nsee in section 2. township 12 north, range 3 east,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "232 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe next survey was that of the alteration of the Green Point\\nroad. This survey began at a point one chain south of the line\\nbetween townships 11 and 12, and 31 chains west of the corners of\\nsections 3 and 4, township 11 north R. 4 east, and sections 33 and\\n34, township 12 north, R. 4 east, to the intersection of the Saginaw\\nand Tittabawassee roads.\\nThe third road began at the division line of the southwest fractional\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J of section 13, township 12 north, R. 3 east, following the west\\nside of the Tittabawassee, to the road leading up that river, a\\ndistance of 73.08 chains.\\nThe fourth road, surveyed in April, 1S32, was that beginning on\\nthe S. and T. road on a line with the division line of section 26,\\ntownship 12 north, R. 4 east, and running 4 miles and 20 chains\\nto a point on the Tittabawassee road opposite Abram Whitney s\\nhomestead.\\nIn September, 1833, a road was surveyed from a point on the\\neast bank of the river in a line with the road, which ran between\\nthe houses of the Williams brothers, to a point on a line with the\\nDetroit and Saginaw turnpike.\\nIn March, 1834, the road from G. D. E. S. Williams store\\nto Green Point was laid out.\\nThe survey of a road from the extreme point of the confluence of\\nthe Shiawassee and Tittabawassee rivers to a point near Stephen\\nBenson s house, was reported at the same time.\\nThe eighth road laid oft was that from a point near the old shop\\nof Thomas Palmer in the lower village of Saginaw to Newcomb s\\nhouse, a distance of 265.44 chains.\\nRoad No. 9 was surveyed from the head of Saginaw river, along\\nthe east bank, to the Detroit turnpike on section No. 1. This, with\\na road starting on the line between sections Nos. 25 and 36, town-\\nsi lip 12 north, range 4 east, where the Pontiac and Saginaw turn-\\npike was then supposed to pass, to section 18, township 12 north\\nrange 5 east, was laid off in September, 1S34. The last road sur-\\nveyed by Deputy Surveyor Jewett was that from a point near the\\nfork of the Tittabawassee to a point in section 19, township 14\\nnorth, range 2 east, laid oft Oct. 25, 1S34.\\nThe county was organized in 1835, Mr. J.ewett ceased to act as\\ndeputy to the county surveyor of Oakland, and was appointed sur-\\nveyor of the new county of Saginaw. The description of his first\\nsurvey, under authority of the JbJoard of Commissioners, is as fol-\\nlows: Minutes of the survey of a road starting from a point\\nwhere road No. 8 commences; thence north 50 east, 36.50 chains;\\nnorth, 39 east, 10.86 chains; north 29 east, 14.50 chains; north\\n16 east, 9 chains; north, 11 east, 18.50 chains; north 80 east,\\n5 chains; to the section line between sections 13 and 24, township\\n12 north, of range 4 east; variation 2 J east. This bears date\\nJan. 8, 1836, and appears to have been the first road surveyed\\nunder authority of the home government.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 233\\nEARLY MILLING.\\nThe early settlers 1 the valley substituted cracked corn or corn-\\nmeal for wheat flour. The corn-dodger held the same relation to\\nthem which the wheaten loaf does to the people of the present.\\nThe establishment of the village mills by the Williamses did not\\nabolish this article of food, it tended rather to increase its popu-\\nlarity, since cracked corn was more easily obtained. In 1834 the\\nsettlers desired to change this corn food for something more sub-\\nstantial, and almost universally raised wheat during that year.\\nDuring the year 1835 many went forth with a sack of grist to\\nFlushing, or perhaps to Pontiac, with the intention of haying the\\nwheat ground; but owing to the old-time manner of doing business,\\nthe miller was not always quite ready to perform the work, or\\nperhaps the custom work was so large that one had to wait some\\ndays or weeks for his turn.\\nIt is related that one of the early settlers left his home for the\\npurpose of haying a grist of wheat ground; reached Flushing, and\\nthere learned that his turn might come in a week or two. Dis-\\nappointed and angry, he started for Pontiac. only to learn from\\nthe miller, that he might come in two or three days. Here he\\nwas determined to stay until that wheat which he carried so far\\nwas converted into flour. Anxiety urged him to visit the mill often\\nduring the afternoon and night of his arrival, and one of such\\nvisits led to the most unexpected and satisfactory results, at least\\nfor him. Night came on; the miller slept so soundly that he did\\nnot hear the alarm which gave signal when the supply ran out.\\nNot so the northern settler; he heard it, rushed for his grist, cast\\nit into the supply bin, satisfied the alarm, and received his flour.\\nHe did not halt to wake up the sleeping miller, but running for\\nhis oxen, started that night for his home.\\nEven after this, men continued to run all the risks of traveling\\nmany miles through the wilderness to procure wheaten Hour.\\nMany settlers went to the old Thread mill near Flint City, and\\nwere agreeably surprised to find everything in readiness there to\\nprepare their grist. Urged by the fortune which attended some\\nof those who went there, Murdoch Frazer ventured forth with his\\nox team, and 30 bushels of wheat. To his horror he found the\\nwell known Thread mill in the hands of a millwright, who assured\\nhim it could not be made ready for grinding before six days. He\\nproeeedrd thence to the Flushing mill, where another delay had\\nto be endured; however, there he was fortunate to get his grist\\nground, and was enabled to return to his settlement on the tenth\\nor eleventh day. Those delays cost him half of the wheat; so that\\non his return he possessed only so much flour as formed the\\nproduct of 12 or 13 bushels. In those early days few, if any. of\\nthe settlers escaped such Losses and annoyance-.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "234 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFIRST FERRY.\\nJuly 14, 1830, Gov. Cass approved an act empowering the\\njustices of the County Court of Oakland, or a majority of them to\\ngrant unto E. Jewett, of Sagana, or to such other person as\\nthey may think proper, a license to keep a ferry over the Sagana\\nriver at Green Point, for any period of time not exceeding 10\\nyears, with such privileges, and under such restrictions as may be\\ndeemed necessary and proper to secure the establishment of such\\nferry and to protect the rights of the citizens. The act provided that\\nas soon as the county Court should be established in the county of\\nSaginaw, the justices thereof should be invested with the same\\npowers in this regard as are now conferred upon the justices of\\nOakland. The legislative authority of the Territory reserved full\\npower to annul or alter the powers and privileges which might be\\ngranted by the courts of Oakland or Saginaw.\\nSECOND REGULAR FERRY.\\nThe Legislature enacted in April, 1833, that Gardner D. Will-\\niams and Ephraim S. Williams may claim the exclusive right of\\nconveying persons, property and animals across the Saginaw river,\\nfor hire, at a point where the Tittabawassee road strikes the river,\\nnear the store of Williams. The rates of toll were specified, with\\na proviso that mail-carriers, public expresses, and troops in the\\nservice of the United States, or of Michigan Territory, With guns,\\nstores, etc., should pass free.\\nAt the same period the Williams brothers were authorized to cut\\na canal across the island or neck of land, as would enable them to\\npursue a direct course in ferrying across the river.\\nFIRST THINGS.\\nAsa Wriitney and Eleazer Jewett set out the first orchard in the\\ncounty. They selected the best sprouts from the apple-trees which\\nthe Indians had set out many years before, and bringing them to\\ntheir location on the Tittabawassee (section 5), planted the orchard.\\nMr. Jewett brought the first swine from Pontiac to Saginaw in\\n1828. The Indians considered it great fun to kill the hogs when-\\never opportunity offered; but owing to the watchfulness of the\\nowners the noble redmen were not generally successful.\\nIn 1832, Eleazer Jewett rafted down the river a quantity of\\nlumber* which he purchased at Flint, and raised a frame building,\\nthe first in the county, on the east bank of the river, opposite Green\\nPoint. Five years later, in the winter of 1837, lie moved this\\nhouse across the ice, and located it near the Campeau trading-post\\nopposite Wright Company s mills.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 235\\nThe first brick dwelling-house ever erected in the county was that\\n1,\\\\ George W. Bullock, located on Court street, Saginaw City.\\nThe first mill was the one constructed in l s 3-l by Harvey Will-\\niams, situate where is now the Williams Bros Salt Block. The\\nfirst lnmber sawed in that old mill was subsequently bought by\\nNiormau Little.\\nThe first raft of pine lumber ever floated on the Saginaw or its\\ntributaries is said to have been that brought from the Thread mill\\nat Flint in 1832 by Eleazer Jewett, for the purpose of constructing\\nhis house opposite Green Point.\\nThe first white farmer was Asa Whitney, who began cultivating\\na garden in the spring of 1826. In referring to him a pioneer\\nsaid he \u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2commenced farming on the Tittabawassee, near where\\nThomas Parker now reside-. He was a bachelor, and was\\naccidentally drowned in the spring of 1827.\\nAlpheus Williams and Joel Day cut the first logs for milling\\npurposes, in 1834, below the mouth of Tobacco creek.\\nThe first regular sale of sawed lumber made in the Valley, was\\nthat by Harvey, G. D. E. S. Williams, to Korman Little.\\nThe only survivors of all the American pioneers in the Territory\\nof Michigan in 1815. are the grandchildren of Oliver Williams,\\nof whom the Williams brothers are members, and Pncle Harvey\\nWilliams, son of Alpheus Williams.\\nAs late as 1859, 1,000,000 acres of land in the Valley of the Sagi-\\nnaw, were subject to entry at from 12^- cents to $1.25 per acre.\\nThe State placed the minimum price of salt-spring lands at \u00c2\u00a34 per\\nacre, leaving the selling price of improved salt land to be deter-\\nmined by the State s commissioner.\\nTill: BLACE HAWK WAB\\ndid not exercise that baneful influence over the few settlers of this\\nvalley which it did throughout the settlements on Grand river.\\nor south and southwest of Detroit. It is questionable whether the\\nsettlers paid much more attention to the exaggerated accounts of the\\nadvance of Black Hawk s warriors than they would lothe reported\\nattack on Drasnovitcheborsk by the prince of Kharizanlinkskoi.\\nConsequently they saved themselves much tr. uble and all the\\npetty annoyances which civilians encounter in taking the field as\\nmilitia.\\nA few men. who subsequently made Saginaw their home, were\\nprepared to go to the front; among them were Captains Marsac and\\nSwarthout; but even their warrior zeal was checked when they\\nlearned that Pdack Hawk and his men were prisoners. In the final\\nencounter with the Indians on the Mississippi, Black Hawk surren-\\ndered, was imprisoned from 1832 until 1835, and about three years\\nafter his pardon was granted he died on the banks of the Des\\nMoines in Iowa, and was buried in Davis county in that State.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "236\\nHISTOBY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSTORE PRICES IN 1831-2.\\nGradually the old-time trading post of the A. F. Co. gave place\\nto the more cizilized pioneer store. Those were little bee-hives of\\nindustry. Every necessary article, as well as a few luxuries, were\\nkept in stock, and business conducted on well-defined principles.\\nThe following is a list of prices:\\nWhisky per gallon\\nYoung Hyson Tea, per lb.\\nCoffee\\nPepper\\nCloves\\nAllspice\\nNutmegs\\nMen s boots\\nBoys brogans\\nVenison hams\\nBeeswax\\nMeat of one coon\\nSugar\\nIndian knife\\nSmall bell\\nLarge bell\\nFisher skin\\nMuskrat\\nPocket pistol\\nPocket hkf.\\nBlue cloth, per yd.\\nShawl\\nIt appears from this that the word shilling was in use among\\nthe Indians, as in the foregoing list the price of all the small articles\\nis marked in shillings and pence. In 1831 one of the store-keepers\\nintroduced the words dollars and cents, and henceforth the\\ns\\nd\\ns d\\n2\\n9\\nSkein cotton thread\\n6\\n9\\n6\\nPlaid factory, per yd.\\n2\\n1\\n6\\nBlanket\\n36\\n2\\nMartin skin\\n8\\n8\\nCalico, per yd.\\n1 6\\ng\\n6\\nArm bands, per pair\\n32\\n18\\nSocks, per pair\\n2\\n24\\nBrown shirting\\n1\\n8\\nThe meat of one small deer\\n8\\n2\\nskates, per pair\\n4\\n1\\n8\\nBuckskin\\n14\\n2\\n1 brl. flour\\n$7.31\\n6\\n1 bush, corn\\n1.00\\n2\\nTobacco, per lb.\\n.25\\n6\\nFish-hooks, per 100\\n1.25\\n24\\nPork\\n.10\\n8\\nHog, weighing 204 lbs.\\n12.24\\n2\\nBrl. potatoes\\n1.12H\\n6\\nBeef, per lb.\\nmy 2\\n5\\n6\\nSalt pork, per lb.\\n.10\\n24\\nPay for splittiug 1,000 rails,\\n5 to 7.50\\n7\\nambiguous term\\nshilling fell into disuse.\\nSEASONS OF SICKNTESS.\\nAmong the numerous troubles which the pioneers of Saginaw\\nhad to encounter was the common ague, generated by miasms\\narising from the lowlands along the bank of the river, and from\\nthe decaying vegetable matter of swales in the vicinity. This dis-\\nease, known also as the chills and fever, formed a stumbling\\nblock in the path of progress, being one of the great arguments\\npresented by the American Fur Company against the settlement\\nof the district by the American pioneers. This disease was a ter-\\nror to the men who did come here. In the fall of the year every\\none was afflicted, every one shook. Respecting neither the rich\\nnor the poor, it entered summarily into the system of the settlers\\nand became part and parcel of their existence. They all looked\\npale and yellow as if frostbitten. It was not literally contagious,\\nbut owing to the general diffusion of the terrible miasma which\\nwas so easily absorbed into the system, it was virtually a most dis-\\nagreeable, if not dangerous, epidemic. The noxious exhalations of", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "MI -TORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 237\\nthe swamps continued to bo inhaled or absorbed from day to day\\nuntil the whole body became charged with it as with electricity,\\nand then the shock came. This was a regular shake. a terrific\\nshake, with a fixed beginning and ending, coming on each dav or\\nalternate day. with an appalling regularity. After the shake came\\nthe fever, and this last state was even more dreaded than the first.\\nIt was a burning, hot fever, lasting for hours. When you had the\\nchill vim could not get warm, and when you had the fever you\\ncould not get cool. It was a change of extremes.\\nThis disease was despotic in every respect. If a wedding-\\noccurred in the family circle, it was sure to attack a few if not all\\nthose participating in the festivities. The funeral processionists\\nshook as they marched onward to some sequestered spot where\\nthe body of their departed friend was to be laid. The ague\\nproper had no respect for Sundays or holidays. Whether they\\nwere engaged in the sacred, the profane, or the ridiculous, it\\ncame forward to the attack, and generally prostrated its victims.\\nAfter the fever subsided, you felt as if you were some months in\\nsuch a prison as Andersonville, or Lobby, and, in come cases, as if\\ny u luul come in collision with a wandering planet, not killed out-\\nright, but so demoralized that you could enjoy nothing. A feeling\\nof languor, stupidity and soreness took possession of the body.\\nthe soul was sad, and the sufferer was forced to ask himself that\\ncriminal question, What did God send me here for anyway?\\nYour back was out of fix, and your appetite was crazy. Your\\nhead ached, and your eyes glared. You did not care a straw for\\nyourself or other people, or even for the dogs, who looked at you\\nsympathetically. The sun did not shine as it used to, it looked\\ntoo sickly by half, and the moon, bless your soul! the sufferer\\nnever ventured to look at it. In fine, you heartily wished that\\nMother Shipton s prophecy would be fulfilled and this portion of\\nour planet, at least, dissolved.\\nIt was no wonder, after all, that the American Fur Company s\\nofficers looked most unfavorably upon the country, and cautioned\\nall against coming here.\\nThe detachment of the 3d U. S. Infantry garrisoning the Sagi-\\nnaw Fort in 1822- 3, realized what chills and fever really meant.\\nIt was here that Baker, Allen, and a half-dozen soldiers fell vic-\\ntims to it. It was from it that Major Baker and his troops tied,\\nami. owing to it, the settlement of Saginaw was retarded fully six\\nyear-.\\nTHE REIGN OF SMALL-POX.\\nIn referring to the settlement of James McCormick on the\\nFlint river, it has been stated that his kindness alone to the\\nIndians saved many bands from death by starvation. Later, about\\nthe year 1837, the dreadful scourge known as small-pox spread\\nthrough the villages of the Saginaw and claimed, as its victims almost\\ntwo-thirds of the Indian inhabitants, sparing the white settlers in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "238 HISTOEY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nits march, with only three exceptions. Eighteen years later, in\\nFebruary, 1853, a citizen of Saginaw related the story of famine\\nand pestilence in immortal verse. As this poem is so minute in its\\ndescription and historical characteristics, it is given, as follows:\\nNot far from where our Union meets to-night,\\nTwo lovely rivers their broad streams unite;\\nThe one through prairies broad, where wild rice grows,\\nThe other from the hills of Midland flows:\\nThrough verdant vales and forests wide they run.\\nAnd like loved spirits mingle into one,\\nAmd form a river fair as man e er saw,\\nOur loved, our lovely crystal Saginaw.\\nA broad green belt of fertile bottom land,\\nConverges gently from the golden strand\\nIts borders fringed with stately elm and willow,\\nWhile far as the eye can reach, around is seen\\nWaving luxuriantly the prairie green.\\nA scene more sylvan I ne er viewed before,\\nSo eloquent with savage legendary lore.-\\nIt was the month fairest of all of lovely June,\\nWhen the sweet air was laden with perfume\\nOf budding floweret;, gorgeous prairie rose\\nWhich round the scene in wild profusion flows.\\nAud many a feathered songster perched on tree.\\nWarbled ia sweetest strain its minstrelsy.\\nThe timid deer, emerging from the wood,\\nGazed on his shadow in the crystal flood\\nOr his lithe limbs in playful sport did lave,\\nOr drank refreshment from its limpid wave.\\nOn wing of gossamer, the busy bee.\\nFrom forest home, ia distant hollow tree,\\nGathered the sweets from many an open flower,\\nTo deck with wealth his home in sylvan bower.\\nAmid a grove of elms in the cool shade,\\nAn Indian band, its rude encampment made\\nAnd in the shadow of its branches green\\nWere warrior, chieftain, children, and maiden seen.\\nHere were old brave3 in social circle met,\\nSmoking in silence grave the calumet.\\nOr here on withes distended, dressed the skin\\nFor hunting shirt or graceful moccasin.\\nThe infant savage, rocking to and fro,\\nIts cradle pendant from overhanging bough,\\nFanned by each gentle zephyr that passed by.\\nWhile murmuring breezes sung its lullaby.\\nThe patient wife toiling o er mortar rude,\\nCrushing the gnin to form their simple food.\\nWhile other forms the lurid fires revealed.\\nPreparing for the tribe their evening meal.\\nSuspended from the bough, o er rustic couch,\\nHang the dreaded rifle, tomahawk, and pouch,\\nAud implements for fishing lying near\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe glittering fly, the net, the barbed spear.\\nThe warrior circle, seated on the ground,\\nThe frugal meal was served the pipe passed round.\\nThe shades of evening gathered o er the west,\\nAnd chieftain, maid, and warrior sunk to rest.\\nIt was the soft and solemn hour,\\nWhen silence reigned over lake and bower,\\nThe silver moon in grandeur led\\nThe starry host, and mildly shed", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": ".1\\nH^_^A^A^C fySdvnJj", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "HI8T0BT OF -Ai.INAW COUNTY. 24J\\nIts refluent and unclouded light\\nResplendent on the tranquil night.\\nAnd myriads of stars thai move,\\nObedient to the pow r above,\\nHolding their silent intercourse\\nOnward in their aerial course.\\nForever sparkling pure and bright\\nMid regions of crystal light.\\nThe hour when lovers love to meet.\\nIn sweel in iii-acc. in converse sweet\\nW bispering love s tale to listening ears,\\nTheirfondest hopes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 their wildest fears\\nhen lips meet lips, in raptured bliss,\\nIn passion 8 deep and fervid kiss;\\nWhen hearts in rapture fondly blend,\\nAnd dream not that such moments end;\\nThe swelling breast, the bursting sigh,\\nLove wildly beaming from each eye,\\nHand clasped in hand and heart to heart,\\nIn smiles to meet, in tears to pail,\\nAlas! They cannot last for ever;\\nTime, chance, or fate may soon dissever;\\nI hen in those eye-, we love are starting\\nThe pearly tear-drop shed at parting.\\nGemmed like the morning flower with dew\\nOne last embrace, one kiss adieu!\\nIf was the hour when on his cot,\\nNo more repining o er his lot,\\nThe toil-worn lab rer in repose,\\nForgetful of his many woes;\\nAnd t -vrvy sense is buried deep\\nIn sweet forgetfulness of sleep,\\nNo saddening thought obtruding there,\\nI tester with corroding care;\\nXo dreams of dark ambition wake\\nHi- senses from their tranquil state.\\nSleep on: Let no fear beguile,\\nFor vice would quail beneath that smile\\nW inch on his lips re ts playfully\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nProof of the heart s tranquillity.\\nNot so with those who nursed in power,\\nho boast a kingdom for a dower,\\nThe wealthy poor, the poorly great\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe beggar kin-s of many a state\\nBoasting a long ancestral line,\\nAnd ruling by a right divine;\\nThe slaves of fortune or of power,\\nBut seldom realize an hour\\nm gentle peace, of tranquil rest,\\nbike that which (ill- the poor man s br.\\nSleep on The eye of Heaven will keep\\nIt- guardian watch upon thy sleep.\\nThe moon -hone -oft from its meridian height\\nBathing the Indian cam]) with humid !i rlii~~\\nWhen on the night air, wildly there arose\\nA -hriek that startled each from his re]\\n_er threatened their beloved chief.\\nAnd each in haste drew near to his relief.\\nStricken and low by some strange malady,\\nTo them unknown, and knowing not the remedy\\nIn vain their prophet chanted incantations\\nOr in their mystic rite- performed oblations\\n15", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "242 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nIn vain their medicine man his knowledge tried.\\nThe strange disease his remedies defied,\\nAnd ere the morning dawn the chieftain died.\\nIn consternation dread, they formed his hier,\\nAnd o er his grave in silence shed a tear.\\nBut ere another sun had passed away,\\nThe chieftain s wife and children stricken lay.\\nEach day increased the horror and the dread,\\nAs through their camp the dire contagion spread;\\nIt seamed that fate with unrelenting hand,\\nHad doomed the remnant of their fated band.\\nIn vain when, racked with pain, the sufferer cried\\nFor help from those untouched it was denied.\\nFear held them spell-bound, palsied every sense\\nTo aid was to incur the pestilence.\\nWhen writhed the warrior, hadst thou seen\\nThe conquering anguish on his mien\\nIn the last struggle of his stalwart frame,\\nHis dauntless courage not e en death could tame\\nHis longing; eyes fixed on his fragile wife,\\nSo loved, alas! the dismal wreck of life;\\nHow as his glazing eyes meet hers in death,\\nHe heaved a bitter sigh with his last breath\\nThe last fond look bestowed on things below,\\nHe winged his spirit s flight to Manito.\\nAnd near him his attenuated wife,\\nIn the last struggle of departing life,\\nWith deep despair, tore from her anguished breast\\nThe lovely baby that knew no other rest;\\nLest the foul breath of dire pestilence\\nAs yet unstricken soon might bear it hence,\\nWhile others prayed for death, in shrieking prayer.\\nAnd others raved the madness of despair;\\nAnd many a wandering brain, by fever wrought,\\nThe burning tongue the crystal waters sought;\\nExhausted fell ere they could reach the wave,\\nNo hand to help them and no friend to save.\\nIn vain the mother cried, the child, the daughter,\\nFor one sweet drop, a simple cup of water\\nWhile those who reached it with remaining breath,\\nTook their last drop and quivering sank in death.\\nTo us in health, it seemed a little thing,\\nTo have some friend a cup of water bring\\nYet when tis proffered unto feverish lips\\nWorn by disease, and these its coolness sips,\\nOf sweet refreshments, it will give\\nStrength to the weak, and make the eye revive\\nWill give a shock of pleasure to the frame,\\nRobbing disease of many a throbbing pain.\\nIt is a trifling thing to speak a phrase\\nOf common comfort, or of little praise\\nBy almost daily use its sense nigh lost\\nSweet drop of comfort, at but little cost,.\\nY on the ear of him who thought to die\\nWithout one gentle word, one pitying sigh\\nTo perish by himself, unmourned, alone\\nOn such an ear will sympathy s sweet tone\\nFall like sweet music from the distant spheres,\\nAnd the glazed eyes overflow with crystal tears\\nRelax the knotted hand, and palsied frame,\\nTo feel the bonds of fellowship again.\\nAnd e en when death his sad pilgrimage seals,\\nTis joy to know that there is one who feels,\\nThat one of the great family is near\\nTo shed a tear of pity over his bier.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW C0U5TT 243\\nNot thus the dying savage thai Lay\\nUpon the shore, at Green Point, on that day.\\nThose left untouched by raging pestilence,\\nDi eading the awful malady, fled hence;\\nShed on the sufferers one pitying sigh,\\nOne frenzied Look, and left them there to die.\\nAnd when the day was ended, and the nighl\\nRefulgenl with the moon s unclouded light,\\nAnd twinkling stars thai gemmed the heavens above.\\nLooked down upon the scene with eyes of love,\\nThe solitude was broken by the howling\\nOf the fierce wolf, around the stricken prowling.\\nThese, and the noisome buzzard oi the w r ood,\\nFeasted on those unburied by the flood.\\nAnd thus they died! the beautiful, the brave!\\nSome on the river bank, some in its wave;\\nNo kindred arm outstretched to aid or save;\\nNo hand, alas! to furnish even a grave\\nAnd now as Indian maid, or children glide\\nIn light canoe upon the silver tide;\\nIn solemn silence and with recumbent head,\\nThey pass this gpot with undissembled dread.\\nAnd to the Spirit Great, ascends a prayer\\nFor those who suffered, they who perished there.\\ni\\nThis dreadful disease followed the tribe in their wanderings, and\\ncarried oft* great numbers of the old inhabitants of Saginaw, in\\nMay, 1 So-i. desolating their villages in their reserves on the shores\\nof Lake Superior.\\nTORNADO, ETC.\\nPerhaps the best remembered as well as the most extraordinary\\nphenomenon was that which took place in December, 1835. On\\nChristmas day of that year a heavy fall of snow covered the\\nfro/en ground, which was followed on the 20th by a mist, and this\\nwas succeeded in turn by a drizzling rain. The rain ceased sud-\\ndenly, the clouds lowered, grew dark and assumed such appear-\\nances as would lead the spectator to believe the end of the world to\\nbe at hand. The storm king at length broke loose, swooped down\\nfrom the northwest in black night, uprooting trees, sweeping every-\\nthing in his track, and carrying with him such a current of icy air\\nthat men and animals not then in shelter were frozen. This\\nstonn was as sudden as it was strange and unaccountable. It is\\nremembered by the hl settlers, and forms for them a mark on the\\npage of time.\\nThe comet ami wandering star created some excitement in the\\nsettlement, which soon died away.\\nDEES IXIAUSTUS.\\nScarcely two months after the treaty of Saginaw was signed the\\nBlack 1 )av rose upon the Indians. On the morning of Sunday,\\nNov. 8, 1819, the sun rose upon a cloudy sky, which assumed, as", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "244 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthe light grew upon it, a strange greenish tint, varying in places\\nto an inky blackness. After a short time the whole sky became\\nterribly dark, dense black clouds tilling the atmosphere, and\\nthere followed a heavy shower of rain, which appeared to be\\nsomething of the nature of soap-suds, and was found to have\\ndeposited after settling a substance in all its qualities resembling-\\nsoot. Late in the afternoon the sky cleared to its natural aspect,\\nand the next day was fine and frosty. On the morning of Tues-\\nday, the 10th, heavy clouds again covered the sky, and changed\\nrapidly from a deep green to a pitchy black, and the sun, when\\noccasionally seen through them, was sometimes of a dark brown\\nor an unearthly yellow color, and again bright orange, and even\\nblood red. The clouds constantly deepened in color and density,\\nand later on a heavy vapor seemed to descend to the earth, and\\nthe day became almost as dark as night, the gloom increasing and\\ndiminishing most fitfully. The French traders and Indians were\\nmore or less alarmed, and many were the conjectures as to the\\ncause of the remarkable occurrence. The more sensible thought\\nthat the immense woods or prairies were on fire somewhere to the\\nwest others said that a great volcano must have broken out in\\nthe province the superstitious quoted an old Indian prophecy\\nthat one day the Peninsula was to be destroyed by an earthquake,\\nand some even cried that the world was about to come to an end.\\nAbout the middle of the afternoon a great body of clouds seemed\\nto rush suddenly over the valley and the darkness became that of\\nnight. A pause and hush for a moment or two succeeded, and\\nthen one of the most glarling flashes of lightning ever beheld\\nnamed over the country, accompanied by a clap of thunder which\\nseemed to shake the very earth. Another pause followed, and\\nthen came a light shower of rain of the same soapy and sooty\\nnature as that two days before. After that it appeared to grow\\nbrighter, but an hour later it was as dark as ever. Another rush\\nof clouds came, and another vivid flash of lightning, which was\\nseen to strike a tall pine tree near the Indian camp ground.\\nA moment later came the climax of the phenomenon. The sky\\nabove and around was as black as ink, but right in one spot, in\\nmid air above them, the lightning rushed in a circle, then forward\\nand was not seen again. But the darkest hour comes just before\\ndawn. The glow above gradually subsided and died out, the\\npeople grew less fearful and returned to their homes, the real night\\ncame on, and when next morning dawned everything vi as bright\\nand clear, and the world was as natural as before. The phenomenon\\nwas noticed in a greater or less degree throughout the northern\\nportion of the continent.\\n4\\nTHE BIG SNOW.\\nThe tradition of the Indians points out the years 1755 and 1775 as\\nthe winters of the great snow. These severe storms sweeping over\\nthe peninsula, within a period of 20 years, destroyed great numbers", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 245\\nof forest animal-, the bones of which in after years literally encum-\\nbered the ground. Within the pioneer period the snow of 1 822- 23\\nwas the heaviest. It fell to a depth of four feet on the level, and was\\naccompanied with such a cold atmosphere that the deer, wolves\\nand bears perished before its withering advance. In 1830- 31 the\\nsnow-storms set in early in November, and continued throughout\\ntin- month, destroying tin.- forest animals, and inflicting upon the\\nsettler many severe trials. In the month of August, 1831, a frost\\n-ft in which brought in its train many serious troubles, and almost\\ntempted the settlers to evacuate a land where the climate was so\\neccentric in its chang\\nA METEOR.\\nThe meteor seen Xov. 1. 1857, at 8 o clock, passing southward,\\nproved to have been a very remarkable one. It was visible at\\nvarious places in the State. It seemed to pass over very nearly\\nthe center of the peninsula. It was seen at Jackso Lansing and\\nalso in Eaton county, and probably very generally through the\\ncentral part of the State, where it appeared much larger and more\\nbrilliant than here, and was followed by a sharp, rumbling sound\\nlike thunder, supposed to be the report of an explosion of the/neteor.\\nTHE COMET.\\nThis strange visitor, belonging to that numerous but erratic\\nfamily whose movements are carefully and correctly noted by as-\\ntronomers, and the time of whose entrances and exits is a matter of\\nmathematical certainty, appeared to the people of Saginaw on the\\nevening of June 30, 1861. Whatever may be its attributes and\\npeculiarities, one thing is certain, it had no rivals in the cometline,\\nand its sudden and unlooked for debut at that time was the cause\\nof much speculation on the part of both learned and unlettered. It\\nwas first visible in a northwesterly direction, and when first seen\\nhad the appearance of a bright star. It attracted but little atten-\\ntion at first, it being supposed to be a light attached to a kite; but\\ndirectly a train of light shot up which gradually increased in length\\nuntil it passed the zenith. The nucleus, or head, of the luminous\\nobject when viewed through a glass, presented a very clear and\\nsharply defined outline, shining with the brilliancy of a star of the\\nfirst magnitude. It- motion was in an easterly direction, and was\\nexceedingly rapid, passing over a space of eleven minutes in an\\nhour. The train oflighl extended beyond the constellation Lyra.\\nand the center of its extremity was directly over the star Vega.\\nIts length extended over the immense distance of 100 c\\nIt will be remembered that the tail of the great comet of 1843,\\nwhich attracted such universal attention throughout the world, ex\\ntended over a space of only 70\u00c2\u00b0.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "246 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nECLIPSE OF THE MOON.\\nOne of the most sublime astronomical events of 1SS1 a total\\neclipse of the moon occurred Sunday morning, June 12. The\\nmoon appeared above the horizon at about 8:20 p. m. in its usual\\nbrilliancy. When about two and one-half hours high, it received\\nthe first contact with the penumbra of light shadow of the earth\\nupon its eastern limb, which became slightly dim, and a loss of\\nlunar light followed as the moon entered the penumbra. Fifty-six\\nminutes then elapsed without further change in its appearance,\\nwhile traversing the partial shadow of the earth; but when the\\numbra or dark shadow of our planet was reached, the eastern\\nlimb of the moon again darkened, suddenly, almost to invisibility.\\nThe circular shape of the earth s shadow was distinctly seen when\\npassing over the face of the moon. At 38 minutes past 12 the\\nmoon was wholly within the umbra and the total eclipse com-\\nmenced. It continued in darkness for an hour or so, and then\\nall was the same as usual.\\nTHE WOLF-SLAYERS OF SAGINAW.\\nImmediately after the organization of this county (1837) the\\nboard of commissioners resolved to pay a bounty for wolf-scalps\\nin addition to that offered by the State. This was a great incen-\\ntive to clearing the district of those destructive creatures. Many\\nof the settlers at once took the field, and took rank among the most\\nexpert wolf-hunters of the land. In the following summary the\\nnames of wolf-slayers are given from 1838 to 1818. At the close\\nof the latter year it is said there could not be found within the\\nboundaries of Saginaw county, as now constituted, one wolf lair;\\nnevertheless large numbers of the pests visited the district at\\nintervals and supplied food for powder as well as subject for\\nbounty. The bounty for killing a wolf was $8; so that in the\\nfollowing enumeration of the slayers, the number of times eight\\nis contained in the number of dollars written, will represent the\\nnumber of wolves killed:\\nIn October, 1838, the following wolf-slayers received the\\namounts appended to their names: Cornelius Wiltsie, $21; Medor\\nTromble, $18; J. B. Garland, $8; Charles Tibbitts, $10; E, Jewett,\\n$21; Silas Barns, $8; Antoine Peltier, $16; Peter Loire, $8; Arden\\nMoses, $8; A. E. Swarthout, $16; James Tyrrell, $8; Ben. Sever-\\nson, $8; Sherman Wheeler, $10; Henry Campeau, $S; J. H. Davis,\\n$16; .Roderick Vaughan, $8. This list represents the destruction\\nof 36 wolves.\\nIn April, 1839, Eoderick Vaughan killed two wolves; Sherman\\nWheeler, two; and John Malone, one. In July, Douglas Thomp-\\nson killed one, and in October Medor Tromble and Leverett\\nHodgman caught two.\\nIn Feb., 1810, Charles S. Tibbitts killed eight wolves; Mark D.\\nBavasa, one; an Indian, one; Cornelius Wiltsie, five; Wm. Shaw,", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "HISTOKT OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 247\\none; Charles Conkwright, one; Alex. Davis, one; Smiab-no-kee,\\noue.\\nIn 1^41 Ben. Goodwin, Medor Tromble and Joseph Tromble\\nkilled six wolves, the former destroying four of the number. Geo.\\nII. Powell and Curtis Goodwin aided in killing one. Xa-o-ta\\nkilled one; Medor Tromble, two; A.mos Davis, one; Joseph King,\\nfour; Cornelius Wiltsie, three; Sa-wa-ban-am, one; Erial Cham-\\nberlain, one; Mas-ke-os, one; Phineas Spaulding, one; Charles\\nConkwright, six; Naug-chig-a-mi, one.\\nin L842 the wolf-scarpers were led by Peto-qua-da, one; Sag-e-\\nge-wa-a-se, one: Win. Fields, tour; Ira T. Farrand, one; Mon-sus,\\none; Caleb Lincoln, one; Naug-chig-a-mi, eight; Amgrad Granger,\\ntwo; Win. Fields, one; Na-zee-ga-kin, one: .lames Kent, two;\\nPhineas Spaulding, four; Medor Tromble. one; Kaw-ga-cum-ego,\\none; Thomas Smith, one; Cornelius Wiltsie, tour; Wm. Badgeron,\\none; Sa-can-see-kee, one; Eleazer Jewett, one; Pa-ma-wa-tum, one;\\nGreen Bird killed two, but did not produce the heads, and there-\\nfore lost the State bounty. Wo-ba-ge-ma and Saw-waw-bun lost\\nthe State bounty for the same reason. Mas-ke-os, killed one;\\nIN Tc-wa-we-tum, one; Es-que-bon-e-quiet, one; Pa-ma-wa-ting, one;\\nJohn Davis, one: Win. Harrison, one; Wm. Fields, two.\\nIn 1843 B. F. Pierce presented the scalps of two wolves,\\nreceived $16 bounty, and inaugurated the wolf hunt for that year.\\nPay-bo-no-quong and Eleazer Jewett, received bounty during the\\nsame year, while J. F. Marsac, Naug-chig-a-me, Sang-ge-chi-wa-\\n-a. Cornelius Wiltsie and Oliver Davis killed 11 wolves, the\\nbounty on which was allowed in 1844.\\nIn 1*44 Naug-chig-a-me killed seven wolves; Sang-gi-chi-wa-sa,\\nfour; Solomon Stone, tour; Walter Scott, two; Leonard Scott, four;\\nCornelius Wiltsie. six; Leverett Hodgman, four; A. Tt. Swarthout,\\ntwo; Wm. Ellis. i\\\\: Joseph Tromble, two; John Wiltsie, four;\\nPa-ma-wa-ting, one; J. I Smith, two; O. H. Davis, two; Mushe-\\nwon-a-quet, one; Louis Desprau, two; Caleb Gardner, two;\\nEdward McCarthy, four; Thomas S. Kennedy, two; James A.\\nKent, two; Xelson Carey, two.\\nIn I^4. Medor Tromble, Wm. Purler, Geo. Whitman, John\\nA. Whitman killed seven wolves. In 1846 Osaw-wa-bon, Xah-\\nfon-wa-way-donk, Thomas Gardner, Sag-git-way destroyed four.\\names Kent, Osaw-wa-bon, and A-chi-di-wa-bi-dunk, kille l four in\\nLM7. During the year 1 s 4^ the wolf harvest reached its climax.\\nXo Less than 10 animals were destroyed during the tirst -i\\\\\\nmonths of the year. The -layer- were Saw-wa-bun, A-che-taw-\\nwa-bi-dunk, Saw-gah-se-gay, Kin-wa-wa, Ma-ne-gaw-sung, Kah, Ash-\\nto-wu-ba-muck, Muck-a-to-ma-sha-way, Saw-wu-no-co-me-go, Pay-\\nma-chi-won, Cornelius Wiltsie, Denis McCarthy, J. Yock.\\nIn 1849 John and Cornelius Wiltsie. Mechin-e-ny, Sos-wa-way-\\nsing, \\\\oek-ehig-a-my. Ma -ma -go-gen, Shop-pe-no-gonce, Pa-ma-\\nsaw-dong, Ba-me-saw, Sa-gi-to, On-me-qua-to, Tit-ta-qua-wassin,\\nAh-me-ma- juoin. Sha-naw-bis, Nbn-o-quoin, Israel Marsac, Denis\\nMcCarthy, Thomas Dalton, and Way-no-quoin killed 32 wolves.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "248 HISTORY OF SAGINAW county.\\nThe wolf hunting season of 1850 was ushered in by Non-a-quam,\\nKenewoop, Black Elk, Shaw-in-orso-quy, and Anson G. Miller,\\nwho destroyed nine large wolves. Before the close of 1852, the\\ncountry was cleared of 46 devastators by the Indians and settlers.\\nSince that period the wolf-hunters enterprise declined, until at\\npresent there are few, if any, in this county who devote attention\\nto the old pastime.\\nCLEARING THE RIVER.\\nE. W. Perry, who erected the first saw-mill on Perry creek, a\\ntributary of the Cass, entered upon the work of clearing the river\\nof drift-wood in 1837. He reported at the time that the obstacles\\nmust be the accumulated drift-wood of ages, as it occupied the\\ntime of himself and his workmen for many months to make even\\nsuch a passage as would enable him to raft the sawed lumber to\\nSaginaw City, which he contracted to supply to the builders of\\nthe Webster House during that year.\\nFROZEN TO DEATH.\\nOn Monday afternoon, Jan. 17, 1859, Thomas O Hara, and his\\nson, James O Hara, started from East Saginaw, each drawing a\\nhand sled with a load of mill feed, on their way home to Swan\\ncreek. On Tuesday morning they were found in the road within\\ntwo miles of home, the young man was frozen to death, and the\\nfather so nearly so that he lived but a short time after reaching\\nhome. Mr. O rlara (the elder) had been employed in Whittier\\nMerrill s mill, and is spoken of as a faithful hand.\\nFOREST FIRES.\\nHow often fires have swept through the forests of the Peninsula\\ncannot now be computed. Again and again have they been des-\\ntroyed each fire clearing large tracts, and each tract being again\\ncovered with luxuriant forests, different in appearance and in\\nquality from those which were burned. Oak gave way to poplar,\\npoplar to pine, and so on in time until the last great fire,\\nwhich swept over the timber countries of the north prior to the\\nsettlement of this State, made way for the pine woods. The month\\nof October, of 1871, will be ever memorable, not only in connec-\\ntion with the terrible fire which decimated one of the fairest cities\\nof the West, but as well in connection with the destruction\\nof vast forests of pine timber throughout this and the neighboring-\\nState of Wisconsin. In the territory tributary to the Saginaw\\nValley, the effect of the fires was most disastrous and widely\\nspread. To realize the extent of territory embraced in what is\\nknown as the burnt district, a glance at the map of Michigan\\nbecomes necessary. Commencing at a point on Lake Huron near\\nLexington, a line drawn across Sanilac, Lapeer and Genesee", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "III-. TORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 249\\ncounties to the south line of Saginaw county, thence in a north-\\nwesterly direction across the State to the north line of Oceana\\ncounty, will mark the southern limits of the destructive fire, while\\nall tin- country north of this line and oast of the Saginaw Lay.\\nwas involved in the conflagration. On the west side of the bay a\\nline drawn from the north line of Bay county west to. and includ-\\ning Manistee county and embracing all the territory south to the\\nfirst given line will give the reader a very good idea of the amount\\nof land burned oxer. According to the closest estimates which\\ncan be made, an amount of pine timber equal to live years, cut of\\nthe Valley was destroyed, or in round numbers 4,000,000,000 of\\nfeet. Of this vast quantity, no doubt a large amount, various! v\\nestimated at from 300,000,000 to 500,000,000 feet, was watered\\nduring the following winter, and was saved. The balance of the\\ntimber was attacked by the insect whose destructive effects are\\nalways manifested in down timber, and while available for\\ncoarse timber for building purposes, was worthless for the nicer\\nwork to which lumber is applied, its distance from streams render-\\ning it. in its depreciated value, nearly worthless. The loss in the\\neoarsei- timber, particularly hemlock, the value of which was\\nthen beginning to be appreciated, is beyond computation.\\nFIB8T CELEBRATION IX THE VALLEY.\\nThe 56th anniversary of Independence was celebrated at Green\\nPoint, July 4. 1832. The idea of the celebration originated with\\nEleazer Jewett, and the program carried out under his direc-\\ntion. The people from Saginaw went up the river in a fishing boat;\\nthe Indians were around in great numbers and admired the first\\nreunion of the settlers, if they did not actually share in their enthu-\\nsiastic recognition of the glorious event which they assembled to\\nhonor. There were present on that occasion Thomas Simpson,\\nwit e and daughter. Gardner D. Williams. E. S. Williams ami\\nMrs. Williams. Daniel Hunter, the Indian blacksmith, and wife;\\nAbram Ihitts ami wife. Sam Russell, John Henderson, Jr.,\\nAhram Whitney, Charles McLean and wife. Thomas McCarthy.\\nC apt. Jeremiah Smith and YVni. L. P. Little, visitors to the Yalley,\\narrived in the afternoon and took part in the proceedings.\\nIt i- not related that this meeting of patriotic pioneers was\\norganized; but the statement i- fully verified that every article of\\nthe Declaration was read by Mr. Jewett, and received with evi-\\ndent manifestations of delight.\\nThe entire party were the ^uc-ts of Eleazer and Mrs. Jewett,\\nand the latter alone prepared that happy dinner or little banquet,\\nwhich took such an important part in rendering tin- great anniver-\\nsary of political and military supremacy over England as pleasing\\nin thi feature as it was patriotic in general. The dinner table used\\non that occasion was the firsl introduced into the district, and\\ncomes down the present time through Mrs. Lee, whose father was\\nthe original owner.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "250 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFrom that period to the present time the birthday of the nation\\nlias been honored. Each year the knowledge of all the Fathers of\\nthe Republic did for the world is becoming more widely appreci-\\nated and, as that knowledge spreads, men look on the day as\\nsacred in the calendar the greatest national holiday, the annual\\nremembrancer of all that pure and simple patriotism won for the\\nenslaved people of the period and for the generations of the\\nfuture.\\nCELEBRATION OF THE CENTENNIAL.\\nAmong the great events which have taken place in Saginaw\\ncounty, not one excels in pleasant association that of the celebra-\\ntion of the centennial of American Independence. At midnight\\nthe Fourth was announced by cannon, and, at its dawn, the music\\nof the cannon and church bells joined in a welcome to that day\\non Which patriotism consummated its desire. Fully 20, 000\\npeople assembled to witness the procession, which moved\\nunder Chief Marshal James W. Dawson. On arriving at Farley\\nstreet, the first and second divisions of the East Saginaw proces-\\nsion, under Col. Geo. Lockley, united with that of Saginaw City,\\nand marched to the court-house square, where were erected a num-\\nber of poles with streamers flying, and upon each pole was a\\nshield bearing the name of one of the Presidents, and the term of\\nhis office. Floating from the pole at the Court street entrance were\\nthe National colors. The stand was erected upon the south side\\nof the square, and upon the front was placed a portrait of Geo.\\nWashington. The entire space between the stand and Court\\nstreet was filled with seats. West of the speaker s stand was the\\nstand for the vocalists.\\nHon. D. H. Jerome, chairman of the committee of arrange-\\nments, having called the assemblage to order, the Mayor delivered\\nthe following address\\nWe have come together, my countrymen and countrywomen^\\nin recognition of an event, no less remarkable, no less worthy of\\npublic observance than the Centennial Anniversary of American\\nIndependence.\\nWhile this auspicious event so full of common interest, so\\nfull of historic memories\u00e2\u0080\u0094 amply explains this gathering, many of\\nyou are, in one sense guests of this city. In one sense, all who par-\\nticipate here are guests and it falls to me to offer you a word of\\nwelcome. To all then, men, women, children, welcome. To the\\ncitizen, to the neighbor, to the stranger guest, cordial greeting,\\nhearty welcome, all.\\nil Something of acknowledgment, too, is due the many who are\\nwith us from beyond our own borders. And in the expression of\\nthis general and wide-spread obligation, it is fitting that I should\\nmention the special gratification of our people at so cordial a join-\\ning with us from our prosperous sister city over the water. Glad-\\nness and gratitude, not more for the imposing civic and military dis-", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "HI8T0BY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 251\\nplay which adds so largely to these ceremonies, than for the broad\\nspirit of neighborly good will which alone could liave found so\\ngraceful and generous an expression.\\nIt remains only for me to direct your attention for a moment\\nto the. in some respects, distinctive character of the occasion which\\ncalls as together. From among the many anniversaries of striking\\nevents in the early history of our country, the impulses of the\\nAmerican people long ago chose the fourth day of July as their\\nnational holiday. And its annual observance, with honors and\\ncustoms peculiarily its own, and peculiarly American, has long\\nbeen common. The profound interest, the national importance\\nattaching to the one hundredth anniversary of that day is such,\\nhowever, that its special observance with appropriate and peculiar\\nhonors, has been recommended by the President of the United\\nState- in public proclamation, made in accordance with the joint\\nresolution of both Houses of Congress. And the Governors of\\nmany of the States, our own among the number, having issued\\nproclamations to the same end.\\nSo cordially, so heartily, have the patriotic impulses of the\\npeople responded to these wise suggestions that this day goes into\\nhistory as a grand, united national jubilee. This majestic pres-\\nence, with its pageantry of national colors, its heraldic emblems of\\nour country s progress, is but a feeble part a single chord in the\\ndeep broad chorus with which America greets the years before\\nher one breath in the mighty tone of thanksgiving and praise\\nwhich swells from the hearts of a great nation of freemen, as they\\nhail this solemn hour. When\\nThrough storm and calm the years have lead\\nHir nation on from stage to stage\\nA century s space, until we tread\\nThe threshold of another age.\\nAltogether glorious, however, altogether sublime as is this\\ncommon demonstration, how doth its glory fade by the side of\\nthat other coming together which has marked the progress of the\\ncentennial year. Awakened interest in Revolutionary annals has\\nre-taught the lesson that the fabric whose founding we celebrate\\nwas the work of all, not part, that Yorktown and Saratoga have an\\nequal luster: that Adams and Jefferson, Warren and Washing-\\nton, struggled and fought shoulder to shoulder; and that North and\\nSouth, we arc indeed brothers, by a common heroic parentage. As\\none year ago South Carolina and Georgia, through their citizen\\nBoldiery, joined Massachusetts in commemorating Bunker Hill, bo\\nonly last week, at Charleston, the soldiers of New York and Mas-\\nsachusetts joined South Carolina in doing honor to the memory of\\nthe Revolutionary battle of Fort Moultrie. And to-day, in Phila-\\ndelphia, a united band, these comrades, brother citizens and sol-\\ndiers, bow. elbow to elbow, at the common shrine of American\\nIndependence Both proof and symbol that the fulfillment is at\\nhand; nay. i now. of those ringing words of prophecy The", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "252 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmystic chords of memory, stretching from every battle field and\\nevery patriot grave, to every living heart and hearthstone all over\\nthis broad land, shall yet swell the chorus of the Union/\\nHail All hail to that victory of peace which crowns with\\nsuch a halo of glory the triumphs of one hundred years!\\nFellow citizens, we cannot glorify this day. Nought that\\ncan be said or done here can consecrate or hallow it. It is rather\\nfor us to receive baptism of its glory. Rather for us, in the noble\\nwords of Lincoln at Gettysburg, to this day, Highly resolve that\\nthe nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and\\nthat government of the people, by the people and for the people,\\nshall not perish from the earth.\\nHon. Daniel P. Foote then addressed the great assemblage in\\none of the most excellent orations delivered during the celebra-\\ntion of the day throughout the Union.\\nA historical sketch of Saginaw, by W. H. H. Bartram, and a\\npoem, entitled Liberty s Song, written by Mrs. Clark, of Ches-\\naning, were read. The various events referred to in the former\\nare fully treated in these pages the latter is as follows\\nliberty s song.\\nThere is music, feasting, rejoicing,\\nAn orator s eloquent strain,\\nFrom the lonely star of Katahdin\\nTo that over Texas plain.\\nBy Columbia s dashing river,\\nFrom foot to the grand Cascades,\\nThrough Cumberland s beautiful valleys.\\nTo Florida s everglades\\nThe booming of cannon, resounding\\nFrom the great north lakes of our own\\nIs met by responses loyal,\\nFrom dwellers in tropic zone,\\nBlithe winds from the golden Sierras.\\nAtlantic banners unfurled,\\nThen wafted their jubilant tidings\\nTriumphantly round the world.\\nWhere the h\u00c2\u00abart of the gulf stream s throbbing,\\nWhere there s aught for mankind to prize,\\nWhere the north wind rudely whistles,\\nWhere the soothing south wind sighs,\\nAmerican hands are bequeathing\\nMyrrh and frankincense to-day,\\nFor Liberty s shrine that they re wreathing\\nWith choicest leaves of the bay.\\nWith joy undivided they re telling\\nof Adams, Jefferson, Lee,\\nAnd others of dauntless courage\\nDeclaring these colonies free.\\nHow the people were hoarse with shouting\\nPraise that kings never could call\\nBy bribes, or the fear of proscription,\\nFrom hearts of subjects in thrall.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 253\\nNo triumphant victor in passing\\nWith trophies neath conqueror s arch,\\nWith princes for slaves from the kingdoms\\nLaid waste in blood-sodden march,\\nEver heard such music transporting\\nIn midst of wildest applause,\\nA.- the notes which without exhorting,\\nRing in our country s hurrahs.\\nIn cabin of brave pioneering,\\nAt the cottager s humble door.\\nFrom velvet, marble and crystal,\\nFrom cheerless hauntsof the poor,\\nAcross the rich teeming prarie,\\nAmi tlic clover-scented lea,\\nFrom the iron-hearted mountains,\\nAnd the evanescent sea,\\nRang out the glad chorus at dawning,\\nWe ve been a century free!\\nFree from all tribute and tithing,\\nFree from foul tyranny s breath,\\nFree from conscription and gyving,\\nFree from inquisitor s death,\\nFree from all baleful controlling\\nt )f pulpit, or press, or plea,\\nFree as Divinity s image.\\nWas here intended to be.\\nBut scroll of past ages unfolding\\nThe struggles of free men declaie,\\nWhen fortune-, and lives without stinting,\\nWere given for Liberty s care,\\nShe richly repaid their devotion,\\nSo long as their hearts were true\\nWhen gold was the idol they worshiped\\nThe angry deity threw\\nThem a crown for their pride s de-troying\\nPeace, and prosperity too.\\nBut proud was the goddess when wearing\\nAthenian chapletsof yore,\\nFor heroes whose deeds were immortal\\nThough lading the garlands they wore,\\nIn guarding her temples and altars,\\nTill stained was her marble and sand,\\nWith patriot s blood that in flowing\\nExtinguished Libert} brand.\\nI. on j ages before Greece was treading\\nIn freedom name, under her feet,\\nThe beauty of Spartan women.\\nWith everything tender and sweet,\\nTill her shameless field-trained maidens,\\nBrawny, athletic ami nude.\\nCould in helot trembling body.\\nThe death dealing dart intrude;\\nBui Spartan courage divided\\nAgainsl itself could not stand,\\ndie grew from the first and the bravest,\\nTo be meanest in all the land.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "254 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFour centuries freedom was clinging\\nTo Liberty s wonderful Rome,\\nLeaving the fickle Greek waters\\nTo build on the Tiber her home,\\nFrom four winds of heaven she beckoned\\nThe greatest and wisest to come\\nNo wonder the renting asunder,\\nAt last shook the capitol s dome.\\nWith eagle and emblems in keeping\\nIn time to the westward she hied,\\nThe old world in fetters left weeping,\\nTo gladden the new, the untried\\nTen decades ago she was stringing\\nHer harps, for ages unstrung;\\nHer sons were exultantly singing\\nHer songs, for centuries unsung.\\nShall honor with which she s been crowning\\nHer chieftains and soldiers decline\\nShall the flood of the coming be offered\\nAs the passing was, free as wine.\\nTo save from ambition and envy,\\nTo save from the parricide s hand.\\nTo save from idolatrous worship\\nFor God s chosen people the land\\nOr shall gross, luxurious living,\\nThe hearts of the people ensnare,\\nTill Bacchus control their affections.\\nAnd Midas their pass onate prayer?\\nTheir votes that are openly sold,\\nTill red, while and blue is forsaken\\nFor Tyrean purple and gold\\nShall our household gods be dissolving\\nBy restless fanatics desire,\\nTill abandoned freedom has lighted\\nFor us an unquenchable fire,\\nAnd age, youth and weakness dependent\\nBy merciless strength is oppressed,\\nTill they seek a passage, despairing,\\nTo Stygean waters tor rest\\nGreat Father! all nations protecting.\\nAvert, we beseech, every blow,\\nThat could turn from Thy rock of safety\\nMake waters of bitterness flow;\\nLet our stars with those of the morning\\nLive, as our eagle shall soar,\\nTill time has finished the problem\\nOf life, on eternity s shore.\\nThe novelties of the procession were a car containing 13 young\\nladies representing the original States, surmounting the Goddess\\nof Liberty, and one containing 37 misses representing the States\\noi that day. Benjamin, with two hearses, one the pattern of long-\\nago, its board sides labeled Luxuries were unknown to Patriots\\nof 1776. And the other a beautiful affair, on the plate glass ot\\nwhich was shown the inscription, The sister cities have this day", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "IIISTOKV OF BAGINAW COUNTY. 255\\nburied envy and all uncharitableness. Mourners there are none.\\nBenjamin s blacksmith and wagon shop with six men at work.\\nTnecarriage of 1776. An ox cart. Willard Shattuck, with a\\nBuckeye Reaper of L876. Gh Spatz s Bakery. Alex. Hurtubise,\\nshoeing a horse, and three other blacksmiths at work.\\nThese, with all tin 1 other features of the procession, rendered it\\none eharacteristic of the great event which was then being cele-\\nbrated. Here in this northern city the self-same enthusiasm pre-\\nvailed which marked the day at the political center of the Union,\\nand few there were who did not give thanks to Providence for be-\\nin-- permitted to be present at the 100th anniversary of the forma-\\ntion of the Republic.\\nFIRST HAPPENINGS IN THE COUNTY.\\nAmong the most interesting chapters of a local history is that\\nwhich embraces a list of first events. To such belongs the history\\nof everything connected with the county, and in such a list many\\nof those events, any one of which would scarcely afford subject for\\na chapter, are noted. Beginning with the year 1819, when one of\\nthe brightest characters on the pages of Michigan history visited\\nthis region to negotiate a treaty with the Saginaw Indians, let us\\npass the years which have elapsed in review.\\nIn 1822 the United States troops took possession of the Indian\\ncam] (ground, and erected the first fort built by Americans north\\nof Detroit. During the same year the first deaths were recorded\\namong the white inhabitants, a few of the infantry having died\\nhere.\\nIn 1823 the first white children born in the district claimed the\\nold fort as their birth-place and the wive- of soldiers as their mothers.\\nHarvey Williams. John Hamilton, E. S. Williams and Schuyler\\nHodges arrived at Saginaw in 1822.\\nIn L824 the American Fur Company established the first regular\\ntrading-post here, under .McDonald. Rev. Mr. Hudson was the\\nfirst missionary appointed by the Government to administer to the\\nspiritual wants of the Indian.-. Provencal was the first Indian\\nblacksmith. On account of the red man having no spiritual\\nwants,* Mr. Hudson Left the district, while the man of iron re-\\nmained.\\nThe first deaths among the white inhabitants occurred in 1822.\\nwhen four or five members of the garrison fell before the advance\\nof disease.\\n1 irst celebration of independence Day, July 4, 1832.\\nThe first house was that erected by Louis Campeau in 1816.\\nThe first farmer, Asa Whitney, purchased his land in 1822, and\\nbegan farming in 1 s l\\nDr. C. Little located Saginaw City in 1822.\\nEleazer Jewett was the firsl American settler within the county\\nas now constituted. Having arrived in 1826, he made it his home\\nuntil his decease.\\nThe first orchard was set out in 1828.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "256 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSaginaw township was organized in 1831, and comprised the\\ncounty of Saginaw as then known, the counties of Midland, Tuscola,\\nAlpena, Iosco, Bay, Cheboygan, Roscommon, Ogemaw, Gratiot,\\nIsabella, Clare, Gladwin and Oscoda. Gardner D. Williams was\\nfirst supervisor.\\nThe first local roads were laid out by Deputy-Surveyor Jewett.\\nThe French traveler, De Tocqueville, visited Saginaw.\\nIn 1834 the first saw-mill was built by Harvey Williams, G. D.\\nand E. S. Williams.\\nThe first frame house was built by Eleazer Jewett, in 1831.\\nMiss Mary Jewett, now Mrs. Dr. N. D. Lee, was born Feb. 11,\\n1834. She was, therefore, the first white child born in the county\\nwithin the American pioneer period.\\nThe first cargo of lumber was shipped from the Emerson mill in\\n1836.\\nWilliam Williams, born March 12, 1834, was the first white male\\nchild born in Saginaw county.\\nJudge Albert Miller taught the first school in the valley.\\nIn October, 1835, the county of Saginaw was organized under\\nauthority of the Territorial Legislature. The plat of Saginaw was\\nenlarged and the first map of the city drafted. Wheat was har-\\nvested that year for the first time and sent to mill. A clearing\\nwas made on the east bank of the river.\\nC. A. Lull raised the first crop of wheat, in 1835. He brought\\nthe first sheep into the district.\\nThe Presbyterian Society was organized in 1836, being the first\\nreligious association established.\\nThe same year Norman Little purchased the United States Gov-\\nernment block-houses and military reserve, from Dr. Millington,\\nof Ypsilanti. He also brought with him type and newspaper press\\nfrom New York, and projected the Saginaw Journal. The Citi-\\nzens Library Association was formed, and the era of improve-\\nment entered upon.\\nThe first steam saw-mill at East Saginaw was built in 1836.\\nThe first dock was constructed at Saginaw City in 1836.\\nThe first boring for rock salt or brine was done by Douglass\\nHoughton in 1838.\\nThe financial crisis was brought under control in 1838.\\nThe first turnpike road was begun in 1840.\\nThe first ferry was chartered in 1842.\\nE. W. Perry made the first attempt to clear the rivers of drift-\\nwood in 183T.\\nThe same year Nelson Smith built and launched the schooner\\nJulia Smith.\\nThe first plank road to Flint was made in 1850.\\nThe first stave yard was established by Humphrey Shaw in 1850.\\nThe first L nion school building was erected in 1851.\\nThe first brick-yard was established at East Saginaw in 1852.\\nThe first secret society organized here was the Odd Fellows\\nLod\u00c2\u00a3e, No. 42, in 1849. *Tlie first Masonic lodge was formed in\\nMarch. 1854.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "2^?,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "HISTOBY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 259\\nThe first select school was established at East Saginaw in 1852.\\nThe first steamboat, Buena Vista, was launched in 1848.\\nThe first German settlement was made under Rev. Geo. Cramer\\nin 1845.\\nThe first efforts to detach Bay county from Saginaw were made\\nin 1855.\\nThe first bank was opened by W. L. P. Little in 1855.\\nrardner D. Williams was elected first Mayor of Saginaw City\\nin 1857.\\nCaptain Leon Snay was the first white settler of East Saginaw.\\nThe first association of salt manufacturers was formed in April,\\n1859, and the first salt well sunk the same year. The same year\\nthe city of East Saginaw received a charter, when W. L. P. Little\\nwas elected mayor.\\nC.W. Grant was the first town clerk of Buena Vista, and Curtis\\nEmerson the first supervisor. The former was the first American\\npioneer to settle on the east side in 1849.\\nThe first ice-house was built in 1862.\\nThe first school on the east side of the river was built in 1851.\\nThe first teacher was Miss Carrie Ingersoll.\\nThe Saginaw street-car track, 2f miles in length, was laid down\\nm 1864.\\nAlfred M. Hoyt was the first postmaster at East Saginaw, and\\nM. B. Hess the first mail-carrier.\\nThe first birth was that of Lyman Ensign, in 1850.\\nThe first death which was recorded at East Saginaw occurred in\\n1852:\\nThe first free bridge acrossthe Saginaw was constructed in ISTs,\\nat a cost of 819,000.\\nThe first business men of East Saginaw were Curtis Emerson,\\nC. W. Grant, W. F. Glasby, M. B. Hess, Geo. Hess, Alfred M.\\nHoyt. James Little, Col. W. L. P. Little, S. W. Yawkey, Alex.\\nEnglish, John Elsffer, A. Ferguson, F. H. Kochler, Thomas Wil-\\nley, Mengo Stevens and Seth Willey. The first lawyers who opened\\noffices there wereWm. L. Webber, J. L. T. Fox and Charles Hunt.\\nThe first rail of the F. P. M. E. E. was laid Aug. 19, 1859.\\nThe J., L. S. E. E. was completed in 1867, and the first through\\ntrain from Jackson entered the city.\\nIn 1864 the first bridge was built across the river by the citizens\\nof East Saginaw, and in 1865 those of Saginaw City constructed\\nanother equally substantial viaduct one mile south.\\nThe Holly water-works were constructed in 1872.\\nThe Mayflower mills were built in 1851, being the first flouring\\nmill of the valley.\\nWarner and Eastman erected the first iron foundry in 1854.\\nThe first military encampment was held in the valley in Sep-\\ntember, 1860. The commands present were Flint Union Grays,\\nSaginaw City Guards, East Saginaw Guards, and the East Saginaw\\nLight Artillery, all under Col. T. W. B. Stockton.\\n16", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "200 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFirst organization of the Soldiers and Sailors Union, Septem-\\nber, 1879.\\nWhat changes have been effected since these events were first\\nchronicled are noticed in other pages. The march of progress has\\nnot for a moment been impeded. Commercial, political, religious\\nand social organization has so advanced that each has risen almost\\nto that standard which the civilization of our time demands.\\nLIGHT AND SHADE OF EARLY TIMES.\\nAmong the many stories in circulation, connected with pioneer\\ntimes, a few have been handed down through the press. That\\nthere is every reason to believe them is conceded, and as they\\ntend to give a good idea of the habits, customs and manners of\\nthe early settlers of Saginaw county, as it was known previous to\\n1857, they are given in these pages.\\nTHE LOCAL FISHERMEN.\\nAmong the pioneers of Lower Saginaw were Julius B. Hart and\\nGeorge Lord. Both gentlemen were the proprietors of fisheries\\non the bay shore, and carried on their fishing operations within a\\nshort distance of each other, where, in proper season of the year,\\nthey caught and shipped to Detroit and other points the results\\nof their endeavors, often realizing large amounts of mpney in\\nsuccessful seasons, and at other times resulting in fisherman s\\nluck generally. Both enjoyed, and each knew how to give and\\ntake a joke.\\nOne cold bright morning in the fall of 18 the two met near\\nthe foot of Third street, and after passing the time of day, turned\\nto separate, when Hart exclaimed, By the way, Lord, I d nearly\\nforgotten; I was down to the shore this morning, and Joe (Lord s\\nforeman at the fishery) told me to tell you that the fish were run-\\nning like blazes, and he wanted you to send him down a lot of\\ndressers [men to dress and pack fish], salt and barrels. Thun-\\nder! shouted Lord, Is that so? and away he sped to pick up all\\nthe adepts in dressing fish he could find, and in an hour his large\\nboat was loaded with fish barrels, salt and men, and ready to start\\nfor the shore, with Lord along to enjoy the rich harvest in prospect\\nawaiting him. Just as the boat was shoved away from the dock\\nto start on her trip, Hart came hurriedly to the dock with, lt Hold\\non, Lord; I ve just heard from the shore again; the fish have\\nstopped running, and Joe don t want anything more than he s got.\\nLord saw that he was sold, the boat was hauled to the dock and\\nunloaded, and with vengeance in his eye, Lord went home. Weeks\\npassed by, and the joke was almost forgotten by those who had\\nenjoyed a hearty laugh at Lord s expense. Not so with the chief\\nvictim, however. His opportunity came at last. The saloon in\\nthe basement of the Wolverton House was the fashionable resort\\nof that day, and looking in at the door one afternoon, Lord espied", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW OOUNTT. 201\\nII.ni at the tabic with Bome Mends, playing an innocent game of\\nPenny Ante. While he looked, an Indian entered with a musk-\\nrat skin, acommodity in which Hart dealt, and which it is said\\nat one time bore the same relation to legal tender as shingles\\nhave often dene at a time of scarcity of money. w- Ugh! saidLo,\\nJule Hart, you buy inn skin? Yes. was the response; give\\nvou ten cents; throw him over in that corner; here s your money.\\nThe Indian toot the money, threw down the skin and departed,\\nat which Hart turned his attention to the game, which was becom-\\ning interesting. Lord picked up the skin, and unnoticed left the\\nsaloon. It was but a few moments before a young boy entered\\nthe saloon, and sold Hart a rat-skin, throwing it in o the corner\\nas directed, and receiving his pay. The game went on, interrupted\\nevery tew moments by a rat-skin trade. Skins came in stretched\\non shingles, on double twigs, and unstretched. Hart bought them\\nall. At last the day was drawing to a close, and the game came\\nto an end. I Iart arose from the table, remarking, I ve lost at\\nthe game, but I ve bought a thundering pile of skins this afternoonJE\\nand he threw his gratified eye over toward the corner where hrs\\nskins had been disposited. l Whew! was his exclamation, as but\\na single skin met his vision; who in thunder has stole my skinsT\\nLord, at that instant edging toward the door, remarked. It s\\nbeen almost as good a day for rats, as that morning was for fish.\\nJule Hart saw that he was sold, he had paid out about $5 on one\\nrat skin, and Lord was made disbursing officer, to see that the\\nprice of that skin was duh* appropriated for the general good, in\\nthe manner common to those days.\\nTin: SUBEOGTJGEON COURT.\\nThis tribunal did not approach that of the golden age known as\\nthe Secret Tribunal in extensiveness, though it may have equaled\\nit in utility. In the earlier years of the county many good souls\\nintellectual men sought a vein through which the blood of pleas-\\nantry might course, and among other things formed the Surrogu-\\ngeon so named from the fact that one of their number indulged in\\na lapsus linguae, and in an attempt to name the Surrogate court,\\ncalled it the Surrogugeon.\\nIt had its faults. Though founded, perhaps, without a thought\\nof it- effect upon the moral being of the citizens, it was no lessbene-\\nficial in its tendency to nip vice in the bud by checking the pas-\\nsions of men. Every little social error had to be scrutinized by its\\nofficials, and this inquiry was carried out with such a demonstration\\nof legality and authority that not a W-w wmoch nt men came before the\\nbar in obedience to its summons. Whatever means were taken to\\nuphold its authority, or by whatever influence men allowed them-\\nselves to be convicted, punished or acquitted by that tribunal, is a\\nmystery. All the terrors of the law proper surrounded it. all the\\nfinding ofjurors or judges were made out in regular form, and in\\nfact it ditfered from the circuit court onlv in the terrible character", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "262 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nof its judgments, which consigned its gullible victims to life-long\\nimprisonment for some trifling crime, or perhaps imposed upon\\nthem some ridiculous penance, the performance of which on the\\nmorrow would both amuse and delight the initiated members of the\\ntribunal.\\nTHE LAWYER AND THE MINISTER.\\nIn early days when hotels were scarce, new-comers to the State\\nof Michigan were forced to ask favors of the older settlers, which\\nwould now be looked upon as the height of presumption. Andrew\\nC. was a young lawyer, residing in the then small village of La-\\npeer, having but recently taken to himself a wife and commenced\\nhousekeeping. There was no hotel in the place, and travelers\\noftentimes made use of A. C s. barn, sometimes without as much\\nas saying by your leave. A. C. had decided to remove to Bay\\nCity, and was making preparations to do so, when his barn was\\nappropriated by a new-comer to the neighborhood, who put a load\\nof hay into the loft, and drove a cow into the yard to eat the\\nhay.\\nThe evening before he left for Bay City, A. C. was in the store\\nof the village, and met the Rev. Mr. Smith, a Congregational\\nminister (afterward settled in East Saginaw), who had but recently\\ntaken charge of the little flock about Lapeer. As they conversed,\\nMr. Smith remarked, I wish I could buy a good cow. Do you\\nwant a cow? said A. C. I m glad you mentioned it, for\\nthere s one up at my barn which I can t take away with me. You\\ncan have her if you will, and there is a load of hay in the barn to\\nfeed her with. Profuse were the thanks of the reverend gentle-\\nman at so munificent a bequest. But, said A. C, I must\\ntell you about her. She is the most peculiar cow you ever saw.\\nShe must be milked before five o clock in the morning or you can t\\nget her to give down a drop of milk. Well, I am an early riser,\\nsaid the dominie, I can milk her before five as well as after.\\nA. C. moved to Bay City; and the minister was careful to milk\\nhis cow before five o clock each morning, and a noble mess of\\nmilk she gave, and with liberality was the hay fed to her. Things\\nwent well for several days, until while milking one morning, the\\nparson s ears were shocked with the profane expletives of a voice\\nwhich called him a thief, a robber and sundry other pet names,\\nwhich to the minister were simply horrifying. I ve caught you\\nat last, you hypocritical, thieving parson; preaching honesty to the\\npeople, and robbing your neighbors of their milk. I ll break your\\nhead, etc., etc. Rising from his milking stool, the parson\\nfaced the irate farmer, who for a time would give him no chance to\\nput in a word edgewise. But it s my cow, at last got in the\\nparson; AC. made me a present of her, and of the hay in the\\nbarn the night before he left.\\nExplanations ensued, and as both realized the sell, they enjoyed\\na hearty laugh, and were good friends. A. C. still lives, and", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 263\\npersists in saying that he enjoys a practical joke and loves to play\\none ii his friends.\\nA BEMINI80ENCE OF 1845.\\nThe following sketch was written by a grand-daughter, -Lena,\\nof one of the American pioneers of the valley, and is characteris-\\ntic of life in the German settlements of 30 years ago.\\nThe first German settlement made in Saginaw county was at\\nFrankenmuth, about 1845. From Saginaw, by the path through\\nthe woods, it was 14 miles; but the traveled road, where they\\nwent with their teams, was much farther. One of the German girls,\\nMargaret, came to my grandfather s, as a servant, and she was\\nsuch a specimen as is seldom seen now-a-days, five feet five in her\\nstockings, with broad shoulders, great brawny arms, and feet in\\nthick cloth shoe-- nine by fourteen, lined with sheep-skin with the\\nwool on. She always wore a red and black petticoat, and a thick,\\nclose jacket, as did all the German girls.\\nNow, Margaret had a lover, and it would have made the most\\nsober person in the world laugh to have seen them together, for\\nthis lover was a small, thin, white-haired youth of eighteen, who\\ndid not look as if he had the ambition of a snail, very comical\\nthey looked,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the tall, strong girl, and the little, thin, weak boy.\\nlb did not come to see his fraulein very often, for it was a\\ni distance to walk. At last came the time for the wedding;\\nmv mother made Margaret a large, frosted wedding-cake; so, with\\nthis and her bundle, she started for home one morning, bright and\\nearly. She arrived safely within a little way of her home, when\\nbeing tired she sat down to rest. She fell asleep, and when she\\nawoke it was dark; being sleepy and bewildered, instead of going\\nhome, she went squarely in the opposite direction. Great was my\\ngrandmother s astonishment, when Margaret s lover came the next\\nday to see why his v schatz had not come home. If she had not\\nbeen home, she must be lost; so men went in every direction to\\nsearch for her.\\nMy grandfather was one of them, and the first night he was\\nobliged to -hep at Margaret s home. He got into a bed four feet\\ny comfortable for a man six feet tall), with a feather bed\\nover him, as well as under; and he was not without company, for\\nunder the bed he found a pig. and roosting on slats above the bed\\nwere the fowls. Very good companions, but not exactly to my\\ngrandfather s taste. You can imagine how much sleep he obtained,\\nwith the mother wailing in the next room, the roosters crowing\\noverhead, the gentle hum of the mosquito, broken by an occa-\\nsional bite, and the pig grunting under the bed.\\nButabout Margaret. Three days and throe nights she wandered\\nthrough the woods, and at last came out at Portsmouth. She was\\nbrought to Saginaw in a canoe, and the cannon was fired (the only\\none on the riven to let those searching for her know she had been\\nfound. But not once had she tasted the wedding cake, which she had", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "264 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncarried all the way, though she was nearly starved when she came\\nout at Portsmouth. When asked why she had not eaten it, she an-\\nswered Oh, it was my wedding cake, you know. The wedding was\\ncelebrated a few days afterward, and the guests ate for dinner, out\\nof their wooden bowls, soup made of smoked ham and rice boiled\\ntogether, and the wedding-cake.\\nTHE DOCTOR S MAN.\\nThe late Dr. was one who could seldom resist telling a good\\nstory, even when it turned the laugh against himself. On one\\noccasion an Englishman whom he had recently engaged astonished\\nhim by appearing to wait at breakfast with a swollen face and\\na pair of unmistakable black eyes. Why, John, said he,\\nyou seem to have been fighting? Yes, master I have, was\\nthe reply. And who may your opponent have been?\\nWhy sir, Dr. M. s man, naming a rival Esculapius. And\\nwhat did you fall out about? Why, sir, he said as you wasn t\\nfit to clean his master s shoes. And what did you say? Well,\\nsir, I said you was!\\nA BEAR STORY.\\nIt is within the recollection of many present citizens ot Bay\\nCity, and they by no means very ancient in point of years, when\\nbears were roaming the woods within its present limits. An in-\\nveterate joker from the up-river village, on occasion of a visit to\\nhis brother at Bay City Lower Saginaw, as it was then) stopped\\nat the hostelry of Judge Campbell, who had recently built the hotel\\nsince known as the Globe, on the corner of what is now Water\\nand Fifth streets, although its original size bore little resemblance\\nto its present proportions. As joker sat in an easy chair\\ntoasting his shins by the fire, his brother entered in a hurry with\\na declaration to joker, There s a big bear just out in the\\nwoods!\\nGuns were always in readiness for sport, and it was but a few\\nmoments before the joker, led by his brother and one or two\\nother friends, were hurrying through the stumps of the clearing\\nwhich extended almost to Washington street. Cautiously feeling\\ntheir way through the woods, they reach a point not far from the\\npresent site of the court-house, when joker was shown the bear,\\nwhich proved to be a veiy large coal-black hog belonging to the\\nbrother, his pilot. After a good laugh the party wended its way\\nback to the house. Joker watched his chance, by the way, to sep-\\narate from the rest, and to place in the gun a charge about\\nsix inches deep. On reaching the house, the gun was carelessly\\nplaced in the corner, and the company about the fire indulged in\\na series of jokes, and the enjoyment of a good time generally.\\nPresently joker left the house, and went down to the river bank,\\nabout in the rear of the present Jennison block, returning after a", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 265\\nshort time with the carelessly imparted information that there was\\na thundering Hock of duck just settled on the river. We ll\\nhave Some for upper, exclaimed his brother; and, seizing the gun\\nfrom the corner, cautiously picked his way t a favorite log on the\\nriver hank, behind which he was accustomed to lay in wait for the\\nfeathered tribes. Joker and the rest of the company followed be-\\nhind, and watched the sport. With the butt to Ids shoulder, and\\nthe barrel resting on the log, sportsman blazed away at the\\ninnocent duck-. It was hard to tell which end of the gun killed\\nmost. Sportsman fell back on the ground with his left hand to\\nto his right shoulder, in his agony, asking between the paroxysms\\nof pain, What in thunder had got into that gun? Why, you\\nfoolish fellow. said joker, you ve been trying to shoot ducks\\nwith a bear charge. All present saw the point of the joke, and\\nit is said joined in attempting to relieve the sufferer, by copious ap-\\nplications of whisky internally and externally.\\nA -Tout OLD FARMER.\\nA farmer, not a day s journey from the city, had occasion to ask\\none of his plowmen to go to plow with a pair of horses which had\\nnot been put into harness. The man excused himself, saying, he\\nwudna buckle wi* them, as they war some fashions an no to be\\ntiggit wi Without further argument the farmer went to the\\nstable, harnessed the horses, took them to the field, put them in\\nthe plow. and. although he had passed his 60th year and had not put\\nhis hand to a plow for fifteen years, did what the young fellow\\ndemurred to do. and finished a day s plowing in capital style.\\nSQUIRE CONNING S MoUTH.\\nSqua-conning creek empties into the Saginaw river but a short\\ndistance above Bay City, and further than to say that at its mouth\\nit i- a creek of considerable size, no other description will be\\nneeded. HarryC, brother of that old pioneer, our respected fel-\\nlow-citizen, Judge resided in early days at Saginaw City, and\\nwas noted a- an inveterate wag and practical joker. Having re-\\nturned from a visit to the Judge at Bay City. Harry met a travel-\\ning dentist, who. in his peregrinations, had stumbled into the\\nSaginaws, and was operating upon the mouths of the scattered set-\\ntler-. Doctor, said Harry, I ve just come up from the mouth\\nof the river, ami Squire Conning wanted me t send you down to\\nfix up his mouth. It s a thundering big mouth, and hasn t got a\\ntooth in it. Elated with the prospect of a good job. the dentist\\njumped into t canoe (the only means of transit between the two\\nplaces i, and paddled to Portsmouth (now 7th ward. Bay City).\\nReaching there, after eighteen miles of paddling, he made diligent\\ninquiry for-- Squire Conning, and his disgust may be better imag-\\nined than described when he found that he had passed the Squires\\nmouth some miles up the river.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "266 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMAKING A LEVEL.\\nAmong the first constabulary force of Saginaw was one H., an\\nold covey, who imagined that what he didn t know was hardly\\nworth knowing. Let any one venture to tell him he did not un-\\nderstand his business and see what would happen. He was given\\nto lisping, whether for the beauty of the thing, through misfortune\\nor what not, we are unable to inform the reader; but one thing is\\ncertain, he did lisp. Coming one day into the shop of Seth W.,\\nshortly after the election, he was accosted by Setn with, Well,\\nH., how do you get along? Have plenty of business now-a-days?\\nYeth thiree, rejoined H., lotth of it; made one level to-day,\\nthir. Ah, what did you levy on to-day? asked S. Leveled\\non a yoke ot thteerth. Where were the steers, asked ;S. who\\nowned them? They belonged to old Brown, up the Tittabawa-\\nthee were on hisplathe. You ve not been there to-day, have\\nyou! I ve not missed you out of town, observed S. That ithent\\nnethethary; don t have to go there to level; can do itjustath well at\\nhome. The cattle are allthafe enough, and I know they are there;\\naint that enough! Do you thuppose I don t know what I am\\nabout? You don t fool old H. with any of your nonthenth, no\\nthir-ee!\\nAnd the indignant official left the shop, cursing the stupidity of\\nthome folkth. This is what his friend Mose would call mak-\\ning a dead level.\\nA BAD JURY.\\nIt was during a certain term of the Circuit Court, when the Hon.\\nJudge M., of happy memory, was presiding, that an old man was\\nindicted by the grand jury on a charge of grand larceny. After\\nreceiving an impartial trial he was finally brought in guilty by\\nthe petit jury. As the Judge was in some haste to leave. this\\ncase having been the last one on the calendar he proceeded to\\npass the sentence of the law upon the prisoner, the jury still re-\\nmaining in the box.\\nMr. B., commenced the Hon. Judge, it becomes my most\\npainful duty to pass the sentence of the law upon you\u00e2\u0080\u0094 a duty which\\nI fain would escape performing; yet I often find myself obliged, in\\nthe course of my judicial duties, to shut all the avenues of feeling\\nleading to my heart, and forget for awhile that I possess the sensi-\\nbilities of a man. Mr. B., in this case I find my duty doubly pain-\\nful, for I have known you for many years, and when you occupied\\na high and honorable position* in society, and were respected by\\nyour fellows for your uprightness and integrity. But what do 1\\nsee before me to-day? A man made after the image of his Maker,\\nwith his head silvered with age, found guilty of a crime by a jury\\nof 12 of his own countrymen. Have you aught to say, Mr. B.,\\nwhy the sentence of the law should not be pronounced upon you?\\nJudge, blubbered the old culprit, I know that I am guilty;\\nthat I ought to suiter; that I deserve all, and more too, than the", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "HI8T0R1 OF s \\\\i;in COl I v. 2 )7\\nlaw can inflict upon me; but Judge, look at that d d j o t/. To\\nthink that such a miserabh loohmgset of desperadoes should find\\nme guilty, is more than 1 can stand: but go ahead. Judge; don t\\nlet me interrupt you. The reader may imagine the explosion\\nthat followed this Bpeech, in which the Hon. Judge lost a little of\\nhis specific gravity.\\nA BIG TOMATO.\\nA notice in one of the county journals tells of a tomato which\\nwas raised in the Valley that year. It shows that duty rose above\\nprivate interests in that office. Carter should have presented it\\nand thus obviated silent profanity. A big tomato L l inches in\\ncircumference and 7 inches in diameter, weighing 3^ lbs.,\\nwas brought to our office by George Carter and carried\\nit away again. He was kind enough to show it to the boys; for\\nwhich he has our thanks.\\nFROM SAGINAW TO MA8H0 8 HOI\\nWhen the early denizens of the Valley started out on a duck\\nhunt, a trip down the* river, or into the woods, the powder, ball\\nand shot were not more es-ential elements for success or comfort\\non the expedition, than was the jug or bottle of whisky. This was\\nof course in the times when everybody drank whisky and no\\nevil was thought, whatever may have resulted from its use. Gard-\\nner Williams. u Lixa Boga and Major Moseby (all long since\\ndeparted this life) jumped into their canoe at Saginaw City one\\nafternoon and paddled down the river to Masho s house, which\\nwas situated not far from McGraw s present mill. It was late when\\nthey started, and the shades of night came on long before they\\nreached the head of Crow island. Meantime, sundry lunches had\\nbeen taken from the jug in the bow of the canoe, and all was\\nmerry. At last the voyagers concluded that they must be almost\\ndown to .Masho s. and began to scan the shore. The rice marshes\\nDear Willow Island were taken for those which led to Masho s.\\nand carefully they pulled themselves through the long grass, won-\\ndering what had become of the eagerly sought-for dwelling. All\\nnight they worked among the tall grass, until the gray light of the\\nmorning disclosed to them the fact that they were seven miles\\nfrom Masho s, and that their sanguine hopes had been more the\\nwonderful effect of their brown jug in dispelling distances, than a\\nreality. It was breakfast time when the three wearied and dis-\\npirited men reached their destination, where the justice (loin, to\\ntheir breakfast was good evidence that they had been disappointed\\nin their supper of the night before.\\nTHE S( HOOL SLEIGH-RIDE.\\nHarry C. was the mosl popular school teacher in the Saginaw\\nalley, and for many year- taught the young idea how to shoot\\nBtraignt, in the humble school-house at Saginaw City. Finding", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "268 HISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nhis scholars disposed on one occasion to be unruly, he coaxed them\\nto obedience by the promise of a sleigh-ride as soon as snow came.\\nThe promise was enough, the unruly youths knew that it would not\\nbe forgotten, nor yet neglected; for their teacher always kept his\\nword, whether it was to reward or punish. Good order and dili-\\ngence in study resulted, and all looked forward with impatience to\\nthe advent of the winter. At last it came, a good snow-storm\\nmade glad the hearts of the youth, and ere many days the announce-\\nment was made that the sleigh-ride would take place on a certain\\nafternoon. The long looked-for hour came at last, the expectant\\nand hilarious scholars were gathered at the school-house, awaiting\\nthe coming of the teacher with the team. At last he came in\\nsight, and such a team, and such a shout as the scholars raised,\\nas Harry drove up to the school-house door, with a diminutive\\ndonkey hitched to a pair of bob-sleds! They piled upon the\\nboards, boys and girls together, and they had their ride, and if\\nthey did not make Goldsmith Maid s time of 2:16, the survivors of\\nthe present day assure the writer that at the rate of two miles in 16\\nhours, it was the most laughable and enjoyable sleigh-ride of their\\nlives.\\nTHE TRAMP OF 1880.\\nHowever strange it may appear to the people of the future to\\nlearn that amid the industrious people of the present time a pecul-\\niarly lazy character known as the tramp existed, the fact of its\\nexistence remains.\\nJohn Sharp, a genuine member of the genus Tramp, was\\narrested by an officer of the Saginaw police force, and placed in the\\nlock-up. As usual, before entering this palatial abode, his pockets\\nwere searched. On his person were found three silver-plated\\nspoons, one marked Mc. one entirely new improved Phoenix\\nthroat anatomizer, manufactured by Widaul, Tatham Oc Co., ot\\nPhiladelphia, a pint-and-a-half bottle of horse liniment one shirt;\\na piece of tapestry carpet about a yard long, and nine cents in\\nmoney also a begging letter to the clergy as follows\\nRev. Sir. I am just after coming out of the hospital, where I have been for\\nsome time with the ague, and being a perfect stranger, I want to get to Bay City\\nwhere I can get a boat. I hope you will be so kind as to lend me a trifle to help\\nme; and may God bless you. Jack Thompson.\\nThe tramp of 1880 cannot be surpassed. Endowed win a non-\\nchalance as terrible as his laziness is revolting, he spends his days\\nin a semi-barbarous condition, oblivious alike to the opinions of\\ngods and men.\\nA TRADER ON THE MEXICAN WAR.\\nJust below Saginaw City lives an old French settler, a happy\\ntype of the genial and happy class, one M c, not unknown", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0272.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "HISTOBT OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 269\\nto the older residents oi Etamtramck and Detroit. ^He lias resided\\nhere- many years, and gained his living by hunting and farming\\nand acting at times as interpreter. His talk is a perfect case of\\nnon sequitur, Ins delight being at times to get ideas into proximity,\\nhaving no relation one to the other producing at times an effect\\nwhich would defy the gravity of a puritan elder. A few years\\nduring the Mexican war, at an independence celebration,\\nM c, becoming patriotic, volunteered the following as his senti-\\nment: De peoples on do Mexico\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I hope dey all getlicked like\\ndo d o! aint it? The applause winch followed had no equal in\\nthat days rejoicing-.\\nSLEIGH-RIDE IX 1854.\\nVisions ot 2:40 were before me yesterday, as in company with\\nG. D. W\u00e2\u0080\u0094 N. L\u00e2\u0080\u0094 C. E\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and T. W\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I entered W. s family\\nBleigh for an ice ride to Zilwaukie, Portsmouth, Lower Saginaw,\\nBangor, and as far as the ice would permit. The river was as\\nglare as a French mirror plate, and the sharp-shod ponies shoved\\nalong over ir with right reins and loose traces, atapace that defies\\npursuit from anything le s than a quarter horse/* There are few\\nsensations more invigorating, especially when the enjoyment is\\nnot palled by too frequent habit, than an ice ride of twenty miles;\\nunder a clear, bright winter s sun, with a bracing air, a spanking\\nteam, and a jovial company. All these I had, and I longed for\\nnothing more than to have had along F. T B Barney C\\nM F and a few more of the fast pony and horse men, who\\ngo down the River Rouge to trot, and pretend to call that ice to\\ntrot a h rse on.\\nthe Indian s whisky bottle.\\nSome of these Saginaw Indians are intense wags in their way.\\nme of them having given a trader some annoyance, was told that\\nincase he was -ecu again with a bottle, it would be taken from\\nhim ami thrown in to the tire. A few days after, the Indian\\nappeared with his pint flask in his blanket as usual, but the\\ntrader was as good as his word, and demanded the bottle, which the\\nIndian gave up and started for the door. The trader threw the\\nflask into the stove upon which, whang went the stove, and out\\nwent the window-, the trader following close behind. The next\\ntime that man burns an Indian s whisky bottle, he will examine\\nit. to see that it i- not of mpont s make.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0273.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VII.\\nSCIENTIFIC.\\nGEOLOGICAL.\\nThe geological formations of the Lower Peninsula vary little\\nfrom those of New York, Western Canada and Wisconsin. The\\nfirst, the oldest formation, exists in the Upper Peninsula. Its rocks\\npoint out to the geologist the fact of its antiquity, and enable him\\nto conclude that, if it is not actually the nucleus of this continent,\\nit is at least coeval with the first formations. It has been stated\\nthat the land reaching from Trenton Falls to Saratoga was the first\\nthat appeared above the sea on the creation. Here are the trilo-\\nbites in great variety, all modeled in black marble, so perfectly\\npreserved in form that the multitudinous lenses of their eyes are\\nas apparent under the microscope as are those, of a living fly.\\nMillions of years before man walked the earth these creatures lived\\ntheir life; the limestone took on their forms; they had become ever-\\nlasting stone millions of years before there was a living man to see\\nthem. Of late years, however, the opinions of many men are in\\nfavor of locating the first upland north of Lake Huron, extending\\nthrough Southwestern Canada to New York State. This is known\\nas the Laurentian system, and is characterized by granite, gneiss\\nand Syenite rocks. It existed long years before the drainage of\\nthe great sea, and was old even at the beginning of the Silurian\\nera. Approaching nearer to the Valley of the Saginaw is the Huron\\nsystem something bearing the same relation to geology that the\\nIron Age does to history, from the fact that its mean character-\\nistics are iron ores, quartz, chlorites, and all the rocks peculiar to\\nthe northern iron mines. Age may not be said to have aided in\\nthe formation of these ores; nor is it within the scope of the geo-\\nlogical knowledge of the present time to decide definitely as to the\\nperiod or manner of their formation.\\nThere are numerous systems and groups of rock connected\\nwith the Upper Peninsula, and with the northern portion of the\\nLower, entirely unknown in Central and Southern Michigan. It\\nis stated by Winchell, Rominger,. Hall, and some of their review-\\ners, that the group of rocks which form the Lower Peninsula of\\nMichigan, being like so many oblong saucers fine within the other,\\ndepressed in the center of the State and outcropping at the edges,\\ncomprise, first, or lowest, the dolomitic limestones which are re-\\ngarded as the Helderberg group of New York. These are the\\noldest strata, whose outcroppings are found in the Lower Peninsula,\\nand the lower portions are regarded as the bottom of some lagoon\\n(270)", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0274.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 271\\nin the old Devonian ocean, which in drying up has deposited it-\\nsaline properties in the form of rock salt. The next two saucers\\nrepresent the Hamilton and black shale groups. Above or within\\nthere is another group whose only outcroppings are found around\\nSaginaw Bay and on the eastern shore ot Lake Michigan. This\\nis known as the Waverly group, and is formed of the salt-bearing\\nsand rock, which is the source of the Saginaw brine. It is a sea-\\nshore rock. Prints of sea weeds are found in it, and sharks teeth,\\nsome of enormous size, and also the remains of enormous reed\\nare found, testifying to the proximity of land. Hence we\\ncan infer that the waves of that Devonian sea, whose rocky bottom\\nwas far below, here dashed against the shore and deposited their\\nbriny burden for our use.\\nLet us understand that the formation which gives the most\\nvaluable salt brines in Saginaw Valley is now named the Waverly\\ngroup by Dr. Kominger, State Geologist, and consists of a series of\\nsandstones and blue and red shales amounting from 1,000 to 1,-\\n200 feet in thickness. This formation commences at the bottom of\\nthe gypsum formation and extends downward to the black shales\\na- een at Sulphur Island, Thunder Bay. Indications of solid rock\\nsalt have never been found in any of the salt wells of Saginaw\\nValley; but the outcrop of this Waverly group on the eastern shore\\nof Lake Michigan is composed of sand drift, some 600 feet in thick-\\nness, which has long ago been deprived of its salt. Recent borings\\nat Manistee, in the northwestern part of the State, passed through\\nthe 600 feet of sand, then into the soft shales of the Huron group,\\nthen into the linn if the Hamilton group, and lastly of the\\nHelderberg group, striking, at the distance of 1,950 feet from the\\nsurface, the rock salt of the old Devonian ocean, and corresponding\\nin all probability, to the rock salt of Goderich. In making these\\nborings, brines of various strengths were found at different depths,\\nbut all below a depth of 1,400 feet. A well has quite recently\\nbeen projected at Cheboygan. This point being in the Helderberg\\nformation, there are grounds for supposing that borings will de-\\nvelop the same results that have been obtained at Goderich, Can-\\nada, where six strata of rock salt have been found.\\nThe period of the formation of underlying rocks from ocean\\nsediments may be taken, upon which to base a geological inquiry.\\nAs has been stated, the Laurentian system formed the only land\\nupon this continent at that time, and all south of what is now\\nknown as the line of the Canadian Pacific railroad, north of the\\nHuron and Georgian waters, formed the interminable ocean. This\\nrelation of the land to the sea was maintained until the close of the\\ncompletion of the corniferous group, when the uplifting of the sea\\nbottom formed a broad belt of land in the southern part of the\\nila, together with a narrow belt, connecting it with a similar\\nformation in Southern Ohio. At this time all central Michigan\\nwas submerged; but as years rolled on, the belt of land widened.\\nand continued to expand, until, at the beginning of the formation of\\nthe coal rock, the greater portion of the Lower Peninsula rose", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0275.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "272 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nabove the waters and formed the marshes which ultimately re-\\nsolved themselves into coal beds, and kindred rocks. By the time\\nthe coal formation was established, the Peninsula was all upland.\\nLakes Michigan, Erie and Huron were not in existence: but, as\\nProf. Winchell remarks, A stream flowed along the tracts, which\\nhave become the site of these lake.-.\\nA great geological a?on passed while such a condition of the sur-\\nface existed. We know that it was a vast succession of ages\\nmarked by mild climates, luxuriant vegetation and active animal\\npopulations, progressively advancing in the scale of being. This\\nwas the mesozoic ason. The Tertiary age came next and was\\nmarked by the growth of the mastodon, elephant and hundreds of\\nlaro-e animals, as well as by the diminution of the reptile species.\\nThe physical characteristics of Saginaw did not vary much then\\nfrom those of its pioneer days. There were forests then as vast as\\nthose which covered the bosom of the land in 1819. In the course\\nof time one wide glacier sheet buried the country, and the Green-\\nland of the present time was pictured here. This glacier, esti-\\nmated to be one mile in depth, dissolved before the sun of the\\no-eological summer, and left behind its wealth of boulder drift,\\nModified drift, and the thousand vestiges of its existence. Sub-\\nsequently the country was deluged almost throughout its entire\\narea. The barrier at the mouth of the Niagara river had not been\\nthen worn down, and the water, set back as one great lake from the\\nblurt s of Lewiston to Detroit and westward still to Chicago. A\\nbroad channel continued from the present site of Saginaw Bay up\\nthe valley of the Shiawassee into the Grand River valley and\\nwestward to Lake Michigan. All the country north of that line\\nwas insular, with a channel from 156 to 175 feet in depth, separating\\nit from the main land. Inland from this point, barriers existed\\nwhich partly dammed, for a time, the waters resulting from the\\nmelting of the glacier; the cold water accumulated in large inland\\nlakes over many of the central and southern counties, and were\\nconcealed by the severity of the winters to a depth of three or\\neven more feet.\\nAround the borders of those lakes, and on shoals, the ice became\\nconsolidated with the underlying bed materials. Along the south-\\nern border, the Hamilton corniferous limestones occupying the\\nsurface were thus attached to great ice sheets. The return of\\nspring renewed the dissolution of the glacier, and the water so dis-\\nengaged rushed to the inland lakes. Those swelling in response to\\nnew accessions, burst their icy coatings, and the huge tables of\\nstratified limestone, to which the ice-coats were attached, were\\nraised up and floated with great ice-rafts before the southern\\nbreeze to the north, where spring-time dissolved their attachments\\nand permitted them to settle. The era of submergement was not\\nof long duration, as the waters, seeking release from their prisons,\\nwore out the stubborn sand and rocks, reduced Niagara itself, and\\nrushing through their conquered gaps, reduced the flood materially\\nand left the present confines of the great lakes to be almost de-", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0276.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "BISTORT? OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 273\\nEnable. The valleys of the Shiawassee, Raisin, Huron, Saline,\\nQrand and other rivers point directly to the great aqueducts of this\\nperiod, and Leave Little room to doubt the conclusions of geologists\\nin this connection. Among all the formations there is not one\\nholding a higher place in economical geology than the Michigan\\nsalt group. This consists of beds of clay and shale, with a Lime-\\nstone strata thinly intercalated and a bed of gypsum from 10 to 20\\nfeet in depth. It may be considered the main reservoir, which\\nsupplies the wells along the Saginaw river. The brine is remark-\\nably strong, mixed with a tew partsof chloride of calcium, bromine\\nand other substances. The bitter waters as they come from the\\nsalt blocks, contain chloride of calcium, chloride of magnesium,\\nand a trace t the bromide of magnesium. By proper manipulating\\nthese can be separated, and are used in the manufacture of cement.\\nartificial -tone, and also in drying houses for the preservation of\\nfruit. Bromine from the bromide of magnesium was manufactured\\nin 1868, by I r. rarrigues.\\nGeologists have asserted that the coal measures of the State un-\\nderlie tlie counties of Saginaw. Shiawassee. Ingham, Jackson,\\netc. Experimental researches have been made in the counties of\\nTuscola east, and Shiawassee south of Saginaw county, but with\\nlimited capital, and without developing coal in paying quantities.\\nTHE FLORA OF THE COUNTY\\ncomprises almost ail the orders known in the Northern States. Of the\\nL30 orders represented in Michigan, fully 11 are common in the\\nValley of the Saginaw. The represented genera within this county\\nare estimated at 370, comprising 850 species. Xew and beautiful\\nflowers are added annually to the pioneer garden beds of the valley;\\nwild flowers appear and fade, many beautiful colors, remembered\\nby the old settlers, have disappeared within the last decade, and\\nthus one of the most beautiful features of nature is undergoing\\nmarked change-.\\nZOOLOGICAL.\\nThe change- wrought by time have lightened the task of treating\\nthe zoological features of the county. All the great animals of the\\nforest known to the pioneer- have ceased to inhabit the district;\\nthe remains of the pre-historic animals are hidden beneath the for-\\nmation- of ages; the millions of reptiles which preceded the great\\nBummer lie buried hundreds of fathoms down. All that is left to\\nremind us of uncultivated nature are the beautiful birds which visit\\nthe comity periodically or make it their home. Of these feathered\\ndenizen-, there are about 250 species known within Saginaw county.\\nOf these birds a large number have been seen only at long inter-\\nvals; others have been seen once ami disappeared, such as the\\nBummer red bird i Pyranga cestiva). The Connecticut warbler\\noromi8 agilis) is one of the most recent settlers and evidently", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0277.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "274 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nintends to make the county his home. In the following list many\\nbirds never hitherto mentioned as belonging to this portion of the\\nState, are named and placed in the class to which they belong.\\nBIRDS.\\nFamily Sylviada* Polioptila cerulea. Blue-gray gnatcatcher,\\na common summer resident. Regulus calendula, or ruby-crowned\\nkinglet, is a spring and fall visitor, which spends the winter in the\\nSouthern States. Reguhis satrapa, or the golden-crowned kinglet,\\nis found everywhere during the spring and autumn months.\\nThese being woodland birds, seek a home here and create the\\nenvy of the other families by the beautiful structures, or nests,\\nwhich they build in the hemlock, oak or elm forests of the land.\\nThe eggs are three-eighths of an inch long, white in color, speckled,\\nand dashed with umber and lilac.\\nFamily Turdidae. The robin, or Turdus migratorius, is a resi-\\ndent during spring and autumn, and even throughout mild winters.\\nThe wood thrush, or Turd/us mustelinus, is a common summer bird.\\nThe hermit thrush, or Turdus pallasi, has been found breeding dur-\\ning the spring and fall. The olive-backed thrush, or Twrdus\\nswamsoni, is very common during the spring and fall. Wilson s\\nthrush, or Turd us fuscesceiis, visits the county during spring, and\\nin some instances builds its nest here. The brown thrush or\\nthrasher, Harporhynchus rufus, resides here during the summer\\nmonths. The catbird, or Minus carolinensis, come in large num-\\nbers during the summer. The first and last mentioned may be\\nseen in orchards and around barn-yards; the others in willow thick-\\nets, berry bushes, and round brush-heaps, where they build tem-\\nporary nests.\\nFamily Saxicolidae. The blue bird, or Sialia sialis, is found\\neverywhere during spring, summer and autumn. It nests in de-\\ncaying trees, fence-posts, and feeds upon worms, grasshoppers,\\nspiders and berries.\\nFamily Slttidae. White-bellied muthatch, ovSitta carolinensis,\\nis a common resident. The red-bellied hatch, or Sitta canadensis,\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Mines here to spend the spring, summer and fall. It nests in\\nholes in trees, and feeds upon spiders, ants, insects eggs and\\nds.\\nFamily Paridae. The titmouse, or black-capped chickadee, the\\nParus afirica pillus of the Europeans, nests in the woods during fine\\nweather, and comes into the city or village to spend the winter.\\nIt thankfully receives all the crumbs which fall from the tables of\\nthe people.\\nFamily Certhiadae. The brown creeper is the only representa-\\ntive here. It dwells here all the year round, muling a storehouse\\nin the forest to lay up animal and vegetable food, in the shape of\\ninsects and seeds.\\nFamily Troglodytidae has six representatives here. The Caro-\\nlina wren, though a straggler, is well known. He comes from the\\nsouth, where he is known as Thryothoras hbdovicianus.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0278.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0279.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0280.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 277\\nBewick s wren, or Thryotkorus bewichii^ appeared liere for the\\nfirst time very recently. His advance from the south was gradual.\\nThe house wren, or Troglodytes cedon, is found in large num-\\nbers in the central townships of the county.\\nThe winter wren is a well known visitor, sometimes spending\\nthe winter in the valley. He is known by the telling title Anor-\\nthura troglodyte.\\nThe long-billed marsh wren, or Telmatodytes palustris, builds\\na suspended nest among the marsh-reeds or in sand grass. There\\nhe remains during the summer and then migrates.\\nThe short-billed wren prefers meadow land and builds a large\\nQest in a secure place. This family of miniature birds feeds upon\\ninsects, grasshoppers, snails, moths and other delicacies.\\nFamily Syl/oicolidae comprises no less than 33 representatives\\nin Saginaw county. The black and white creeper nests beside a\\nfallen tree, the blue yellow-winged warbler in the tree-tops of\\nswamps and heavily timbered land. The blue-winged yellow war-\\nbler is a rare visitor. The blue golden-winged warbler remains\\nhere during summer and breeds in low, damp woodland.\\nThe Nashville warbler, orange-crowned warbler, Tennessee\\nwarbler, yellow warbler, black-throated green warbler,\\nblue warbler, Blackburnian, yellow-rumped, black-poll, bay-\\nbreasted, chestnut-sided, black and yellow, Cape May, prairie,\\nyellow-throated, Kirtland s, yellow red-poll, pine creeper and per-\\nhaps two or three other species of the warbler family, are well\\nknown visitors.\\nThe water thrush, short and long billed, and the redstart be-\\nlong to the family, and are common here.\\nThe Connecticut warbler, a stranger here until 1881, the Mary-\\nland yellow-throat, the mourning, the hooded fly-catcher, black-\\ncapped fly-catcher, Canada fly-catcher, all favorite warblers, are\\nbegi nni ng to make the county their home.\\nThis is the second family in importance among the birds of North\\nAmerica. Their food consists chiefly of insects, varied with fruit\\nand berries. They peep into crevices, scrutinize the abodes of the\\ninsect world and never suffer from want. This family is the\\nBCOurge of the orchard and oftentimes destroys fruit fields of great\\nvalue.\\nFamily Alaud/idae The horned lark, or Eremophila alpestris, is\\na winter dweller here and nests during the close of the cold sea-\\nson. There is another species of the horned lark, which leaves on\\nthe approach of winter. Both build their nests on the ground,\\nbreed in April, and play around the farm yard or over gravelly\\n-oil.\\nThe titlark belongs to the family Motacillidae. They flock\\nhither in tens of thousands during spring and often remain until\\nfall.\\nFamily Tanagridae. The scarlet tanager,or Pyranga ruhraM a\\ncommon visitor. The summer red-bird, hitherto referred to as a\\nrecent explorer of the North, is very rarely seen here.\\n17", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0281.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "278 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFamily Ampelidae. The Bohemian wax- wing, or Amjpelis\\ngarrulus, is a recent and rare visitor. The cherry bird, or Caro-\\nlina wax-wing, breeds here in August and September. They feed\\nupon apples, cherries and berries, but are not numerous enough\\nto cause any great anxiety to the pomologist.\\nFamily Hirundinidae comprises the barn swallow, the white-\\nbellied swallow, the eave swallow, the sand swallow and the pur-\\nple martin. These birds destroy myriads of winged insects, and\\nmake them their principal food. The swallow, though not so\\nshowy as her gaudy neighbors, confers more real benefit upon the\\npeople than any other member of the bird tribe.\\nFamily Vireonidae comprises the red-eyed vireo, brotherly-love\\nvireo, or Vireo philadephicus, warbling vireo, yellow-throated\\nvireo, solitary vireo and white-eyed vireo. They feed chiefly on\\ninsects, dwell in the forests, and seldom as they come to town, are\\nin a hurry to return to their rustic homes.\\nFamily Lanidae. The great northern shrike, or Collurio bore-\\nalis, sometimes remains here to breed, but is not such a perma-\\nnent settler as the loggerhead shrike, which makes its home here\\nthe year round. The white-rumped shrike is seen here during the\\nsummer months. They are very quarrelsome among themselves,\\nand savage toward other birds. They impale their victims on\\nthorns and leave them there until driven by hunger to eat them.\\nThe Family Corvidae is becoming extinct, or at least, very un-\\ncommon here. During the present year the few which visited left\\nsuddenly, contrary to all precedent. This birds are omnivorous,\\nand comprise among others the raven, crow and blue jay. Their\\nevil ways are almost compensated for by their good qualities, and\\nsome are inclined to believe that the benefits they confer are far\\nin excess of the damage they do.\\nThe Family Fringillidae is the most extensive known in the\\nStates of the Union. It is graminivorous, except during the breed-\\ning season, when it feeds itself and young on insects. The rose-\\nbreasted grosbeak is the only member of the family which feeds\\nupon the potato bug. The white-crowned sparrow s food is the\\ngrape-vine flea-beetle; the fox-sparrow and chewink search out\\nhybernating insects and snails; the English sparrow, a recent im-\\nmigrant, feeds on seeds; the purple finch and crossbills feed on\\noily seeds and the seeds of pine cones.\\nThe names of the varied representatives of this tribe, are: The\\npine grosbeak, purple finch, white-winged crossbill, red crossbill,\\nred-poll linnet, mealy red-poll, pine linnet, goldfinch, snow bunt-\\ning, Lapland longspur, Savanna sparrow, bay-winged bunting,\\nyellow-winged sparrow, Henslow s, Lincoln s, swamp, song, chip-\\nping, field, clay-colored, white-throated, white-crowned, fox, and\\nEnglish sparrows. The latter bird was introduced here in 1873- 1 4.\\nThe blue-bird, martin, swallow, and other sparrows have to fly be-\\nfore the approach of their legions. The lark, finch, black-throated\\nbunting, rose-breasted grosbeak, the indigo bird and the Towhee\\nbunting, or chewink, are not so destructive as the English spar-", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0282.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "II I -TORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 279\\nrow; they have their uses; but it is likely that when the people\\nrealize the importance of the destruction of the imported sparrow,\\nthe whole family will fall with that branch.\\nFamily Ictendae. The bobolink, cow-bird, red-winged black-\\nbird, meadow lark, rusty grackle, crow black-bird. Baltimore and\\norchard orioles belong to this family. The cow-bird destroys the\\negge and young of stranger birds. The oriole feeds on hairy cater-\\npillars during the season of breeding; this bird is of service in the\\norchard, and for this service she accepts the first small fruits and\\nether luxuries of the garden. The other members of the family\\nmay be termed gregarious; they feed on the seeds of weeds, oats,\\nwheat, corn, and on flies and insects.\\nThe Tyrannidae Family subsist almost altogether on flies, which\\nthey pursue and capture in the most open places. The pewee\\nand king-bird pursue their victims in the light of day, and even\\nshould it escape for a time, it eventually falls before the lance of\\nit pursuer. The family comprises the king-bird, wood pewee,\\nphoebe bird, together with a half-dozen fly-catchers, variously\\nnamed.\\nThe Ga/pri/rmdgidae Family comprises the whippoorwill, or An-\\ntrostomits vocifenis, which is a common summer resident here,\\nand the night-hawk, another well-known summer bird. They are\\ngiven to jay-hawking, and select the night for seeking their\\nprey. Then thousands of grasshoppers, moths, beetles, winged\\ninsects and flies become their prey. The chimney swallow cap-\\ntures its prey upon the wing in a similar manner; but it belongs\\nto the OypseHaat family.\\nThe Alcedinidae. The only representative of this family in the\\ncounty is said to be the belted king-fisher, which comes here in\\nsummer to spend the fishing season. If it doesnot atonce succeed\\nin catching one of the finny tribe, it is capable of abstaining until\\nBuccess crowns its efforts.\\nThe Trochilidae. This family is well represented here by the\\nhumming-bird. This is an animated cluster of emeralds and\\nrubies, which comes to delight the people in May, and continues\\nwith them until September.\\nOuouUdae. The only member of the OucndidcB residing here dur-\\ning the summer months is the black-billed cuckoo, which comes\\nto visit the woods and orchards of the State in the middle of June,\\nami remains until harvest time.\\nThe Picidae Family, as represented here, is composed of seven\\nBpeciea f woodpecker, known as the downy, the hairy, the Arc-\\ntic black-back, the yellow-bellied, red-bellied, red-headed, and\\njr lden-winged. The family subsist on timber insects, fruit,\\nBerries and green corn. The yellow-bellied woodpecker is very\\ndestructive to apple trees; he sucks the sap of trees in some parts\\nof the Union, but owing to the length of winter in Northwestern\\nMichigan, he has no time to do much mischief here.\\nThe Strigidas Family comprises the barn owl, great horned owl,\\nlong-eared owl, short-eared owl, snow owl, hawk owl, sparrow owl,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0283.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "280 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nand Acadian owl. A few of these are very common residents here,\\nthe last named is an immigrant which settled here in 1879. All\\nform the noctunral branch of the raptorial species, and select for\\ntheir prey rats, mice, fish, frogs, chickens, birds of all kinds,\\nand sometimes young pigs. They have their uses.\\nThe Falconidae Family is comparatively extensive, and is fully\\nrepresented here. It includes the marsh hawk, white-tailed kite,\\nsharp-shinned hawk, goshawk, Cooper s hawk, pigeon hawk, spar-\\nrow hawk, red-tailed hawk, red-shouldered hawk, broad-winged\\nhawk, Swainson s hawk, rough-legged hawk, the fish-hawk, and the\\nbald eagle. They are birds of prey which select day-time for car-\\nrying on their operations. The fish-hawk will eat only fish. The\\nbald eagle s favorite food is carrion and fish. When his taste\\nleans toward fish, he generally makes a descent upon the fish-\\nhawk.\\nFamily Cathartidae.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The turkey buzzard, or Cathartes aura, is\\ncommon in the county during July and August. They are entirely\\ncarnivorous, and come here after the period of incubation has\\nbeen passed in the Southern States.\\nFamily Meleagridae is represented here by the wild turkey.\\nThis bird was well known here in olden times, but has now almost\\nceased to be a resident.\\nFamily letraonidae is peculiarly one of game birds. It\\nincludes the partridge or ruffed grouse, the quail and the prairie\\nchicken. The quail is a common resident of the county, and\\nappears to attain its greatest size here. These birds subsist on the\\nvarious grains, seeds, berries, buds, grapes and chestnuts. They\\nform a family of large and beautiful birds, but incapable of being\\nthoroughly domesticated.\\nFamily Columbidae includes the wild pigeon and Carolina dove.\\nThe latter resides here during the greater portion of the year.\\nThe pigeon is thoroughly graminivorous in its tastes, and. in this\\nrespect differs from the family Tetraonidae.\\nFamily Phalaropodidae comprises the northern phalarope and\\nWilson s phalarope, two migrants which build their nests here at\\nlong intervals.\\nFamily Charadridae, or the plover tribe, is represented here by\\nthekilldeer, semipalmated, piping, golden and black-bellied plovers.\\nThey feed upon mollusks, water insects, grasshoppers, beetles,\\netc. This family is inferior in size to its European kindred.\\nFamily Ardeidae includes the great bittern or Indian hen, the\\nlittle bittern, the great blue, great white, green and night herons.\\nThese birds are summer residents, with the exception of the night\\nheron, which dwells here the year round.\\nFamily Gruidae, represented here by the sandhill crane and\\nthe whooping crane. Neither of these birds breeds here, and they\\nmay be set down as common stragglers or tramps.\\nFamily Colymbidae is very small. Only two representatives are\\nfound here, viz. the common loon, Avell known for many years^\\nand the black-throated loon, a recent visitor. To form an idea Of", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0284.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF 8AGINAW COUNTY. 281\\nthe quickness of this apparently unwieldy bird, one must make an\\nattempt to capture him alive oreven to shoot him. During travels\\nin the Northwest the writer found three specimens of the family\\nliving quietly in a lakeside nest\\nFamily Rallidae, or rail tribe, is comparatively well known\\nhere. It includes the Carolina rail, Virginia rail, Florida galli-\\nnule, and coot, all commou summer birds together with the black,\\nyellow, king, and clapper rail, rare summer visitors.\\nFamily Earidae comprises all the terns and gulls known in the\\nte aperate zone of our continent. The birds of the tribe common\\nto Saginaw county are the herring gull, the ring-billed, the laugh-\\ning, and Bonaparte s gulls. The forktail gull is an uncommon visi-\\ntor. The terns best known here are the marsh, Arctic, least,\\nblack, Forster s, and Wilson s.\\nFamily Podicipidae, or grebe tribe, comprises the horned grebe,\\npied-billed grebe, common residents together with the red-necked\\nand eared grebe, a class of rovers which direct their flight hither\\nat long intervals.\\nFamily Anatidae is perhaps the best known and most useful of\\nthe feathered race. It comprises the goose, duck, widgeon, teal\\nand merganser. The birds of the tribe common to the county are\\nthe brant and Canada goose, the mallard, black, pin-tail, gadwall,\\nwood, big black-head, little black-head, ring-necked, poachard,\\ncanvas-back, golden-eye, butter-ball, long-tailed, Labrador, ruddy\\nand fish ducks, the red-breasted merganser, the hooded merganser,\\nAmerican widgeon, green-winged teal, blue-winged teal, and the\\nshoveller teal.\\nThe Family Scolopacidae includes the woodcock, American\\nsnipe, red-breasted snipe, upland plover, long-billed curlew, stilt\\nsandpiper, seinipalmated, least, pectoral and red-backed sand-\\npipers, T ,Vil]st, greater yellow legs, lesser yellow legs and solitary,\\nspotted ami buff-breasted sandpipers. All these birds are common\\nhere. They are all waders. and subsist on aquatic insects, grass-\\nhoppers, mollusks, crustaceans, etc.\\nTHE MAMMALIA.\\nThe New York bat and brown bat are common. The mole shrew\\nisits the gardens and appears to be quite at home in the county.\\nThe common mole is found in the low lands, and the star-nosed\\nmole in dry and wet lands throughout the county.\\nThe Family Felidae is represented here by the wildcat. Until\\nrecently the animal was abundant in the Valley.\\nThe Family Canidae is represented by the red, black and gray\\nfoxes. The two latter are wry rare now; even the former, once\\nBO abundant, is fast passing away. The wolves were all killed oft\\nmany years ago.\\nTh Family Mustelidai comprises the brown weasel, the Rich-\\na^d80iiU, or little ermine, the white and least weasels, the common\\nweasel, the mink, the otter, and the skunk. Even these animals,\\nonce so common, are beinif; thinned out.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0285.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "282 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe Family Urisidae is represented here by the raccoon, the black\\nand white coons. This year some fine specimens of the family-\\nwere captured and brought under notice of the writer. The black\\nbear roves into this county at times.\\nThe Family Sciuridae comprises the fox, gray, black and flying\\nsquirrels, the common chipmunk, the striped gopher, and the\\nwoodchuck. All are common here, with the exception of the com-\\nmon gopher, which has wandered away to the more open counties.\\nThe Family Mur tdae includes the common mouse, the jumping\\nmouse, the harvest mouse, deer mouse, meadow mouse, short-tailed\\nmeadow mouse, the brown and black rats, and the muskrat. These\\nare all found within the county.\\nThe Family Cervidae is still represented here by the Cervus vir-\\ngimanius, or common deer.\\nThe Zeporidae family is well represented by the common rabbit\\nof the land.\\nThe bear, wolf, lynx, and all the other Camivora have left the\\ncounty forever.\\nARCHAEOLOGY.\\nIn the wanderings of the Mound-Builders the Peninsula was not\\noverlooked. Here are many evidences of their coming and their\\nstay. In dealing with their occupation of Saginaw Valley it will\\nbe necessary to extract the following from a lengthy paper, pre-\\npared on the subject, by W R. McCormick:\\nMy father emigrated with me to the Saginaw Yalley in 1832.\\nMy associations were mostly with the Indians, whose language I\\nbecame very familiar with. For several years I was engaged in the\\nfur trade, during which time my business was to go up the several\\ntributaries of the Saginaw to buy furs of the Indians, and on nearly\\nall such occasions I found indications that the Saginaw and its\\ntributaries had been densely populated at some remote period by\\nanother race of people prior to the Indians.\\nOn the bluff just below the city of Flint there were, 48 years\\nago, when I first saw them, eight large mounds, which I saw\\nopened. They were from 20 to 10 feet in diameter and about five\\nfeet high. When opened they were full of human bones, all oi\\nwhich were in a better state of preservation than in any mounds I\\nhave examined. We found one shin-bone with a flint arrow em-\\nbedded in it and broken off, showing that it was part of the leg of\\nan Indian killed in battle. We found no implements but pieces of\\nflint. The bones indicated a larger race of people than the pres-\\nent Indians.\\nWe now proceed down the Flnt river until we come to the high\\nbluff one mile above the village of Flushing, on the Bailey farm,\\nand examine the mounds at that point which I shall designate as\\nthe Bailey mounds. I first saw these mounds opened in 1833 or\\n1831. At that time this farm was one dense forest. I think there\\nwere about 20 mounds, great and small, some 10 feet or more in", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0286.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 283\\ndiameter and six feet high, with pine trees growing on the top of\\nthem as large as those in any part of the forest. We found upon\\nopening the largest one that it was full of human bones. The skel-\\netons did not appear to be arranged in any order, but had been\\nthrown promiscuously together before they were covered, leaving\\nhardly a doubt but they had been slain in some battle. The bones\\nwere too much decomposed to find any marks of violence upon\\nthem. Subsequent events in after years have confirmed my belief\\nthat this once populous race of the Saginaw Valley had bean exter-\\nminated by another race of people.\\nFrom the Bailey mounds we will resume our explorations\\ndown the river. At several points, always in the elbow of the river,\\nand also always on the bluff where you could get a view up and\\ndown the river, there would be two or three mounds, but of not so\\nlarge dimensions as those above until you reach a point about 12\\nmiles below. There, contrary to the custom of the Mound-Builders,\\nyou find on the east side of the river and on the flat nearly 100\\ngraves, which tradition says are those of Indians, all of whom died.\\nin one day and night with some sickness which the Great Spirit in\\nhi anger had sent amongst them. This must have been some\\nepidemic, for we know that when the Indians have had the small\\npox or any other contagious diseases amongst them they have all\\nflocked together. In their tradition of this incident they say it was\\ntheir own nation, over 100 years before that time, which was then\\nin 1835, and not the Mound-Builders.\\nSome 10 miles further down the river, having seen only a few\\nsmall mounds, we come to the old Indian fields now the Ross\\nt ann. but formerly the residence, in an early clay, of the old\\nfioneer, James McCormick. This land was given to him by the\\nndians their white brother, as they used to call him and was\\non the Indian reservation. Here there were four large mounds\\ntogether in the elbow of the river on the bluff, like the Flint and\\nBailey mounds heretofore described, and several more on the flat\\nbelow. The bones in these mounds were very much decomposed,\\nespecially those on the flat which I helped to plow down myself;\\nso that when they were exposed they crumbled to pieces. This\\nwas no doubt owing to the difference of soil, the ground being\\nmuch lower and subject every spring to overflow of the river. But\\nI have no doubt all the mounds are nearly of the same period. We\\nplowed up in those mounds a great variety of stone implements,\\nwhich were carried off by curiosity seekers.\\nProceeding down the river to the mouth of the Tittabawas-\\nat a place formerly called Green Point, a favorite camping\\nground of the Indians in olden time and where they had their corn\\nfields, quite a distance back from the riverou the prairie, contrary\\nto all previous experience, we discovered twovery large mounds. I\\nthink when I first saw them in 1836 they were 60 feet long and 30\\nwide by tour or five feet high. They are on very low ground and\\nsubject every spring to be inundated by the river, and for con-\\nvenience I snail call them the Green Point mounds. I also saw", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0287.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "2S4: HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\none after it had been opened, and the whole interior appeared to\\nbe of a whitish substance, evidently of decomposed Indian bones,\\nthe decomposition being more rapid than for the same length of\\ntime elsewhere, owing to the lowness of the land and the overflow\\nof the river. What the relic hunters found in these mounds I\\nnever ascertained.\\nWe now proceed up the Tittabawassee river some four miles, to\\nthe farm on which the late James Fraser first settled when he came\\nto the Saginaw Valley, where there is one very large mound, which\\nI shall call Fraser s mound. This is also situated on the bluff in\\nthe elbow of tlfe river. This mound comprises nearly half an\\nacre of ground. Xo one ever imagined this to be a mound until\\nsome years since, when the river had worn away the bank and the\\nice in the spring had torn away the side so that the bones fell into\\nthe river.\\nFrom this point we will proceed up the Cass river to the farm\\nof A. Lull, now the village of Bridgeport, which is about six\\nmiles from East Saginaw. Mr. Lull informs me that there were\\nseveral mounds there. And I have been informed by the old In-\\ndian traders that when they first came to the Saginaw Valley, at\\nthe bend of the Cass where the village of Bridgeport now stands,\\nthere was also a regular earth-work fortification, comprising sev-\\neral acres. I have never examined these mounds, but have got\\nmy information from M. A. Lull, who is an old pioneer, a mem-\\nber of this society, and from other old settlers. The present In-\\ndians say this fortification was built by another race of people be-\\nfore the Indians came here, and that they were more like white\\npeople, as they made kettles and other dishes of clay. I have in\\nmy possession several specimens of pottery, which I have taken\\nout of mounds.\\nOn the Saginaw river, toward its mouth, when we come to\\nwhat is now the corner of Twenty-fourth and Water streets in Bay\\nCity, where the Center House now stands, we find the old McCor-\\nmick homestead. Here were two large mounds in the garden,\\nwhich my father plowed and scraped down. They contained a\\nnumber of skeletons, stone axes, knives, and quite an amount of\\nbroken pottery. Some thirty rods below, on Water street,\\nbetween Twenty-second and Twenty-third streets, is an elevation,\\nthe highest on the river, on which is located the Bay City brew-\\nery, Barney hotel, the residence of W. R. McCormick and other\\nresidences, comprising nearly two acres. I wish to describe this\\nelevation as I saw it, in a state of nature, over forty-five years\\nago. For many years it was considered to be a natural elevation\\nof the land, but subsequent excavations have proved it to have\\nbeen constructed by some remote race of people.\\nWhen I first became acquainted with the location it was cov-\\nered with a dense growth of timber, with the exception of the\\nmound and about an acre and a half in the rear of it, where the\\nearth was taken from to build the mound. It was then a duck pond,\\nwith water three feet deep, grown up with alder bushes. Iu", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0288.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "HI-TORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 285\\ngrading Twenty-second street through the north end of the mound,\\nsome years since, we found at a depth of LI feet three skeletons\\nof very large stature with large earthen pots at the head of each. In\\nexcavating for the cellar of the Bay City brewery, we found at the\\ndepth of four feel the remains of Indians in a good state of preser-\\nvation, with high cheek bones and receding forehead, while, below\\nthese again, at the depth of four or five feet, the remains of a\\nmore ancient race, of an entirely different formation of skull, and\\nwith those burned stone implements and pottery were found. I\\nhave been unable to preserve any of these skulls, as they crum-\\nbled to dust when exposed to the air. I found one skeleton in a\\nsitting position, facing the west, with a very narrow head, and long,\\nas if it bad been compressed. I laid it aside in hopes to preserve\\nit, but in a few hours it had crumbled to pieces. This mound is full\\nof the remains of ancient pottery and small stones that have been\\nthrough the action of fire. A friend of mine found an awl made\\nof copper which was quite soft with the exception of about an inch\\nfrom the point which was so hard that a file would scarcely make\\nan impression on it. This seems to me to show that the Mound-\\nBuilders had the art of hardening copper. We also find that they\\nhad the art of working in metals, as we will show. This comprises\\nthe mound- on the east side of the Saginaw river.\\nWe will now pass over to the west side near the mill of More,\\nSmith Co. There was here. 45 years ago, a mound just\\nabove the mill about loo feet across in a circular form and about\\nthree feet high. Originally it must have been much higher. I\\nhave never examined this mound, but have understood from old\\nsettlers that there was a great many stone implements found in it.\\nThe plow has nearly leveled it. so that it is scarcely noticed any\\nmore.\\nThe mound which was located near the west end of the De-\\ntroit Hay City railroad bridge, for reference I will call the\\nBirney mound, as it is located on the lands of that great phil-\\nanthropist, the late Hon. James (4. Birney. This mound was not\\nso large in circumference, but much higher than the one just no-\\ntie.-d. In this were also found human bones, in a much better\\nstate of preservation than any .of the rest. I procured from this\\nmound a skull with a hole in it just above the temple bone, pro-\\nduced by a sharp instrument, which undoubtedly caused death.\\nThis skull I presented to J. Morgan Jennison, of Philadelphia.\\nIt was of an entirely different formation from the Indian skull of\\nthe resent day, as it did not have their high cheek bones nor\\ntheir receding forehead, but a very intellectually developed head,\\nshowing that it was of a different race of people from the Indian.\\nSome years since some boys were digging in the side of the\\nmound, as they had often done before, to get angle-worms for\\nfishing, when they came aero-- a small silver canoe, about five\\ninches long. A gentleman who was fishing with them, offered\\nthem 50 cents for it, which they accepted. After cleaning it up,\\nhe found it to be of exquisite workmanship, with the projecting", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0289.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "286 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nends tipped with gold. A rough copper kettle of peculiar shape\\nand make, having been wrought into shape by hammering, with-\\nout any seam, was also taken from one of these mounds, and is\\nnow in the State capitol amongst Mr. Jennison s collections of\\nantiquities.\\nThe next mound was about half a mile up the river, and for-\\nmerly stood in the center of Linn street, West Bay City, but has\\nbeen graded down many years since. I was not there at the time,\\nbut was informed by others that it contained human bones and\\nstone implements. Charles E. Jennison, a pioneer of Bay City,\\ninforms me that he dug up two skeletons many years ago, in the\\nside of this mound. He found with the skeletons two copper ket-\\ntles, which he has still in his possession. I am inclined to think\\nthese were not the remains of the original Mound-Builders, but a\\nrace of a subsequent period.\\nkl We now proceed a half-mile more up the river, to the rise of\\nground in the rear of Frank Fitzhugh s grist-mill. This eleva-\\ntion, 45 years ago, when I first saw it, was the most picturesque\\nspot on the Saginaw river. Here was also a beautiful spring of\\ncold water, and was a favorite camping ground of the Indians.\\nIt was also, according to the Indian tradition, the original site of\\nthe Sauk village, and where the great battle was fought when the\\nChippewas exterminated that nation. This I will call the Fitz-\\nhugh mound, as it is on the lands of Frank Fitzhugh. This eleva-\\ntion, comprising two or three acres, was always thought to be\\nnatural; but I am satisfied from recent excavations, and a low\\nplace to the southwest, that the earth has been taken from this\\npoint to raise the mound higher than the surrounding land, and\\nthat it is, therefore, mostly artificial. Then again, the land ad-\\njoining on the north is a yellow sand, while on the south the land\\nfell oft abruptly, and is composed of the same kind of soil as the\\nmound, black sand and loam, from where the earth was taken.\\nI am now speaking of this mound as it appeared 45 years ago.\\nSince then the railroad company have excavated a part of it for\\nballasting up their road, and many other excavations and altera-\\ntions have taken place, so that it has not the same appearance it\\nhad when I first saw it. Some year.s since Mr. Fitzhugh, or the\\nvillage authorities of Wenona, now West Bay City, excavated a\\nstreet through this mound, which brought to light many relics and\\nproved beyond a doubt that this eminence was a mound built in re-\\nmote ages. A great many skeletons were exhumed, together with\\na great many ornaments of silver, broken pottery, stone imple-\\nments, etc., and, like the McCormick mound on the opposite side of\\nthe river, was full of broken stone which had been through the ac-\\ntion of fire.\\nThere are also fourfortifications on the Rifle river, in township\\n22 north. They contain from three to six acres each, containing\\nseveral mounds of large size. They are also situated on the\\nbluffs. The walls can yetbe traced, and are from 3 to 4 feet high\\nand from 8 to 10 feet wide, with large trees growing upon them.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0290.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW CO TNT V. 287\\nA friend of mine opened one of these mounds and took from it\\na skeleton of larger size than an ordinary person. He says he also\\nsaw several large mounds on the Au Sable river.\\nI have thus given the society an idea of how these mounds ap-\\npeared before the hand of man had destroyed and leveled them\\ndown. Many of them can yet be seen, but the plow has helped\\nto level many of them, with the exception of the Eraser, Fitzhugh\\nand McCormick mounds. And to prove that the last three are arti-\\nficial and not natural is the fact that in the rear of all these are low\\nplaces, showing where the earth had been taken from to build the\\nmounds, which had taken the work of years. Again, the soil on\\nthe mounds differs from the soil around them, with the exception\\nt the low places referred to from where the earth was taken; and\\nfinally, the most convincing proof of all is that you can dig\\ndown until you come to the original surface and will find various\\nkinds of stone implements, broken pottery and great quantities of\\nstone broken by the action of fire. And in no part of the valley\\nwill you find those relics except in those mounds. The main ob-\\njection t my theory is. How could so large an elevation and of\\nsuch extent be built by so primitive a people as the Fitzhugh,\\nFraser and McCormick mounds. but more extensive works have\\nbeen found in Butler county, Ohio. I account for so much small\\nbroken stone being in these mounds by the manner in which they\\ncooked their food. As their pottery was not made to stand fire,\\nthe stones were heated and then put into the vessels to cook their\\nfood, which occasioned their breaking to pieces when the} came\\nin contact with the water.\\nThat the valley of the Saginaw was inhabited at the time when\\nEgypt, the East Indies and the Chinese Empire wallowed in luxury\\ncannot be questioned. That it was settled when the Delaware\\nfilled its valley to overflowing; while yet the lands south of it\\nwere covered with the waters of a great lake, may be taken for\\ngranted. Its settlement may have occurred prior to the age of the\\nNeanderthal man; but that it was accomplished in later days by\\nthe Mound-Builders, or their kinsmen, the Cave-Dwellers, must\\nbe conceded. The deposits, the depth at which relics have been\\nfound, the repetition of soils, impressions in rocks and location of\\nboulders and fire-stones all indicate its occupation by that race\\nof beings which has left only mute memorials of their stay to\\nguide inquiry.\\nPHYSICAL CHAKACTERISTK 8.\\nThe region of the Saginaw presents acomparatively level appear-\\nance, which does not vary even in the valley proper. The Sagi-\\nnaw Ridge, known tOgeOlogista as the western limits of the hake\\nErie of ancient days, runs through the county, and tonus a continu-\\nation of the lake ridge running southeast through the southern\\ntownships of Washtenaw to the beginning of the formation in\\nMonroe county. When the settlers first entered this district the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0291.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "288 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nbeech and maple flourished along this eminence, with the more\\nsturdy pine forests stretching away on each side. Since that\\ntime the trees have disappeared beneath the advance of the lum-\\nber-man and agriculturist, and what formed the fairest portion of\\nthe wilderness is now transformed into the most productive and\\nrichest grain garden in the valley. Along the Saginaw and\\nTittabawassee the lowlands are simply muskeg formations rich\\nin every component of soil, but so liable to inundation that their\\nutilization as farm lands must be brought about by the labors of\\nanother generation.\\nThroughout the county there are many acres of marsh land easily\\ndrained and capable of high cultivation. Great advances have\\nbeen made in this direction during the last quarter of a century. A\\nlarge portionof the tract on which the city of East Saginaw now stands,\\nwas, within the memory of the pioneers, aland of reptiles and miasms\\nbut the reptiles disappeared before the advance of man, the slug-\\ngish waters flowed off through channels made by enterprise, a few\\nshort years sufficed to convert the muskeg into solid land, and a\\nfew more to render it lit for the erection of the vast buildings of a\\ngreat northern city.\\nThe soil is all that the farmer could desire. A deep, dark,\\nsandy loam, with a yellow or blue clay subsoil, is found through-\\nout the valley. At intervals a small boulder formation may occur,\\nbut generally the rich soil is free from rock. The land approaches\\nthat of the Red River valley in almost every particular, notwith-\\nstanding the fact of its pine production, and as capable of produc-\\ning cereals as is the alluvial soil of the treeless and inhospitable\\nNorthwest. Within the limits of the county are several thriving\\ntowns and villages, every one with its circle of lumber, salt, and\\nagricultural resources. Important rivers and streams course\\nthrough the county, each forming an avenue of prosperity.\\nRailroads spread out in every direction, communicating with the\\nolder and duller world beyond the woods, and bearing to that\\nworld large supplies of lumber and salt and even grain all\\nwrung from the bosom of this land. Enterprise directs all, from\\nthe newly built log cabin to the great marts of the two cities of\\nthe county, business rules supreme, winning men from thoughts\\nof idle hours to the higher and nobler ones of building up a new\\nland, of serving others of the present, and preparing for those of\\nthe future while winning for themselves a competence and the\\nhonors to which their industry and enterprise entitle them.\\nTHE WATER COURSES\\nof the district comprise the Sac-haw-ning, or home of the Sacs the\\nOnottoway-se-he-wing, or river of the Onottoways, now called Cass\\nriver; the Pe-wa-ne-go-ink-se-be, or Flint river; the Tit-ta-ba-was-see,\\nor river running parellel with the shore; the Shiawassee, or beauti-\\nful stream; the O-gah-haw-ning, or Pickerel river, now called the\\nKaw-kaw-lin; the Mlch4e-gay-ock\\\\ the Ma-qua-na-ke-see, or Bear", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0292.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 289\\ncreek; the Ch boy-g%m\\\\ Matchfr-sibi, or Bad river; Missa-bos-sibij\\nor Eare river; Zau-wis-haw-nirig, or Bass river; Squarhmiming, or\\nLast Battle river.\\nTHE SAGINAW\\nforms the great receiver of all these rivers and streamlets. The\\nlass flows into it from the east; the Tittabawassee from the North-\\nwest: the Flint and Shiawassee from the south, all contributing to\\nrender the Saginaw a great navigable river. The length of the\\nriver proper is estimated at 25 miles, and with its great feeders and\\nneighboring streams, drains 3,390,400 acres. The estimated length\\nof these feeders is set forth as follows: The Cass 125 miles, the\\nFlint 103 miles, the Shiawassee 95 miles, the Bad 54 miles, and\\nthe Tittawabassee, 105 miles. The Saginaw pursues a northeast-\\nerly course and flows into the head of Saginaw Bay. It varies in\\ndepth from 15 to 20 feet, and its average width is 240 yards. The\\nbanks of the river are in some places bold, while in others they are\\nlow and skirted with wet prairie. Numerous bayous or extensions\\nare formed by this river and its tributaries, in some instances ex-\\ntending miles into the country. Long years ago these extensions\\nwere bordered with a plentiful supply of wild rice, and formed a\\ncamp ground for wild fowl. To this time the rich and fertile valley\\nof the Saginaw is indebted for its wealth, its wonderful growth and\\nprosperity.\\nTHE CASS RIVER\\nhas it source in Sanilac county, whence it hoavs southwest, and\\nforms a confluence with the Saginaw, three miles south of the city.\\nLike the main stream, its banks are steep in some places and low\\nin otlur Along its entire length of 125 miles, so much driftwood\\naccumulated that up to the clearance of a drive-way in 1837 by E.\\nW. Perry, even travel by canoe upon its waters was impracticable.\\nTHE TITTABAWASSKK\\ntakes its rise in Roscommon county, and flowing southeasterly,\\nforms a confluence with the Saginaw near the city. The average\\ndepth of the river is about 10 feet, and its average width about\\nL40 feet, throughout its entire length of 105 miles. The oldest\\nfarms of the historic period w r ere established on the banks of this\\nriver by the American pioneers, and there are sufficient evidences\\nthat in the distant past the mysterious people who dwelt in the\\nland formed their garden beds there. The Tittabawassee Boom\\nCo., organized in 1864, commenced operations immediately, and\\nwithin a few years placed several miles of boom upon its waters.\\nTHE FLINT RIVER\\nhas it source in Lapeer county, whence it flows in its Seine-like\\ncourse, and joins its waters with the Saginaw a few miles south of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0293.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "290 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSaginaw City. In 1831. this river was so completely rilled with\\nflood-wood that it was impossible to bring a boat down stream.\\nAbout that year Eleazer Jewett loaded a flat-boat with lumber for\\nbuilding his house opposite Green Point, but owing to such ob-\\nstructions he was compelled to haul the boat ashore, attach his oxen\\nto it, and have it thus portaged past each mass of drift-wood. Like\\nthe other streams, it has been cleared of obstructions, and now\\nforms a link in that chain of waters on which wealth is floated to\\nthe Saginaws.\\nSHIAWASSEE RIVER.\\nThis river is 95 miles in length from its head waters in Living-\\nston county to its confluence with the Flint or Saginaw, a few\\nmiles south of Saginaw City. The river is all that its name implies;\\nalong its banks are numerous happy homes, highly cultivated\\nfarms and valuable forests.\\nThe Missabos, or Hare rive r, with its tributary, the Bad river,\\nflows northerly and forms a confluence with the Shiawassee 12\\nmiles south of Saginaw City, after a course of 54 miles.\\nCREEKS.\\nCheboy creek rises in Tuscola county, and flowing in a north-\\nwesterly direction, through the townships of Blumfield, Buena\\nVista and Zilwaukee, enters the Saginaw above Bay City.\\nSquahauning creek (south branch) rises in the township of Koch-\\nville, and flowing northeasterly enters the Saginaw river about six\\nmiles from the mouth. In addition to these streams are Beaver\\ncreek, Swan creek and numerous streamlets.\\nTHE SAGINAW VALLEY.\\nW. L. Webber, in an address delivered before the Farmer s In-\\nstitute of Saginaw in 1877, quotes Prof. Winchell as follows:\\nA r iewing the peninsula as a whole, we discover, first of all, a re-\\nmarkable depression stretching obliquely across from the head of\\nSaginaw Bay, up the valley of the Saginaw and Bad rivers, and\\ndown the Maple and Grand rivers, to Lake Michigan. This de-\\npression attains nowhere an elevation greater than 72 feet above\\nLake Michigan. This elevation is in the interval of three miles\\nseparated, the waters flowing in the opposite directions.\\nIt is obvious that when the lakes stood at their ancient elevations,\\ntheir waters communicated freely across this depression, and\\ndivided the peninsula into two portions, of which the northern was\\nan island. This depression, for convenience of reference, may be\\ndesignated the Grand Saginaw Valley.\\nMr. Webber proceeds: Assuming this as a correct definition\\nof the Valley, so far as this depression has eastern slope, in other\\nwords, that portion the waters of which flow into the Saginaw river", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0294.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 291\\nand Bay to constitute the Saginaw Valleys we have a territory\\nwell entitled to the term of Grand Saginaw Valley. Its extreme\\nLength north and south is something over 125 miles; its extreme\\nbreadth about 12 miles. That portion of it, the waters of which\\ndrain through the Saginaw river proper, comprises about 170 town-\\nships, as per Government survey, over 6,000 square miles, and\\nover 4,000,000 of acres. If we add that portion which is drained\\ninto the Saginaw Bay through streams which do not empty into\\nthe Saginaw river, like the Kawkawlin, the Rifle, Au Gres, etc.,\\nit will increase the size of the valley by about 50 townships, mak-\\ning a total of about 220 townships, about 7,800 square miles.\\nThe Saginaw Valley is the largest in Michigan. Grand river\\nvalley is next in size, and that contains about 150 townships. It\\nwas in 1831 that the French philosopher, DeTocqueville, visited\\nthe Saginaw Valley. Pie came to see nature untouched by civil-\\nization. He wanted to see the forests in their primitive condition.\\nInquiring at Detroit of Maj. Biddle, the register of the land office,\\nas though he desired to purchase land, he inquired indifferently\\ntoward which side of the district the current of emigration had up\\nto that time least tended, and received for answer, Toward the\\nnorthwest. About Pontiac and its neighborhood some pretty\\nfair establishments have lately been commenced, but you must not\\nthink of fixing yourselves further off; the country is covered by an\\nalmost impenetrable forest, which extends uninterruptedly toward\\nthe northwest, full of nothing but wild beasts and Indians. The\\nUnited States proposes to open a way through it immediately, but\\nthe road is only just begun and stops at Pontiac. I repeat that\\nthere is nothing to be thought of in that quarter.\\nDeTocqueville came; for it was this quarter that he desired to\\nvisit. He came, crossed the Saginaw river, and landed at the\\npoint now known as Saginaw City, which then contained 30\\npersons, including men, women, old people, and children. While\\nat Saginaw, concerning his views of the present and future, he\\nwrote as follows: fc In a few years these impenetrable forests will\\nhave fallen; the sons of civilization and industry will break the\\nsilence of the Saginaw; its echoes will cease; the banks will be\\nim prisoned by quays; its current, which now flows on unnoticed\\nand tranquil through a nameless waste, will be stemmed by the\\nprows of vessels. More than a hundred miles sever the solitude\\nfrom the great European settlements, and we are, perhaps, the\\nlast travelers allowed to see its primitive grandeur.\\nThink of it! Only 40 years ago, no highway from Detroit\\ninto the Saginaw Valley! A road had been but just begun, but it\\nstopped at Pontiac. The advice which Maj. Biddle gave to De-\\nTocqueville seems to have been the advice which was given to all\\nwho desired to settle in the then Territory of Michigan. Northwest\\nfrom Detroit was not to be thought of. The heavy forests shut\\nout the sun, the face of the country generally level, the water-\\ncourses choked with logs and brush. The effect was that the waters\\nwere not carried away by evaporation, and only slowly found", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0295.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "292 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ntheir way into the principal streams, leaving the surtace of the\\nground to a considerable extent wet. It was reputed as an un-\\nhealthy country to settle in, fevers and agues were supposed to\\nlurk in its forests, and nothing but the wealth of its timber tempted\\nmen to wish themselves inside its boundaries. A few years have\\nchanged not only the face of the country, but its reputation. The\\npopulation of all the territory embraced within the valley (over 200\\ntownships) at the different periods, is substantially as follows: In\\n1840, 12,290; in 1850, 28,621; in 1860, 72,597; in 1864, 85,258; in\\n1870, 152,141; in 1874, 184,346.\\nConcerning the health of the valley, lean speak, after 25\\nyears residence, and I have no hesitation in saying that its aver-\\nage healthfulness will equal that of any other portion of the State.\\nThere are many, even among the people who reside in the south-\\nern portion of our own State, who suppose Saginaw to be very far\\nto the northward. In some way I do not know how they have\\nassociated Saginaw and Mackinaw together, and imagine that they\\nare near each other, when in fact they are 150 miles apart. They\\ndo not understand the geography of their own State, and this being\\nso, we cannot wonder that those who do not reside in Michigan\\nshould labor under a like erroneous idea. As a matter of fact, the\\ngeographical center of the lower peninsula of Michigan is, on the\\nauthority of Prof. Winchell, to be found on section 24, in township\\n13 north, of range 3 west, being in the township of Code, which is\\nthe southeast corner town of Isabella county. If a line be drawn\\nfrom the straits of Mackinaw to the south boundary line of the\\nState, its center will be on the same parallel with the central por-\\ntion of the Saginaw Valley. Mackinaw is about 46^ north lati-\\ntude, the southern boundary of the State being about 41-| The\\nSaginaw Valley is about the same latitude and has fully as favored\\na climate as the formerly famed wheat region of Western New York\\nand the now famed dairy region of the Mohawk Valley.\\nIt has also been rumored that the Saginaw Valley was not fit-\\nted for agricultural purposes. Saginaw had obtained its reputation\\nfor pine lumber, and as people generally had found regions covered\\nwith pine to be comparatively worthless for agricultural purposes,\\nit was assumed that the whole of Saginaw was filled with pine, and\\ntherefore the soil was unfitted for the farmer s use. The experi-\\nence of the last 25 years has also exploded this erroneous notion.\\nI doubt if there can be found in the State of Michigan six thousand\\nsquare miles of territory in one body with a greater agricultural\\ncapacity than the six thousand miles drained by the Saginaw and\\nits tributaries. -More than one-half of this territory for agricultural\\npurposes is the very cream of the State of Michigan, and there is\\nbut little comparatively but what will make good farming land.\\nLook at the reports of the cereal products of Michigan, and you\\nwill find that the average production per acre of this valley is fully\\nequal to the average in any portion of the State. Wheat, corn,\\nbarley and rye are grown here in perfection.", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0296.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "JUuy/jT^tl^^\\nI t", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0297.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0298.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. Ll\\nFor fruits, the climate is well adapted to apples, pears, plums\\nand small fruits, while for vegetables, the success of the Saginaw\\nexhibitors at the State fair for a scries of years has demonstrated\\nthat no other portion of the State can compete with it. Our mar-\\nket facilities are unrivaled. The Saginaw river and Bay give us\\nwater communication with all portions of the world for the largest\\nvessels. The Valley is crossed by railroads, so that there is no\\nconsiderable portion of it but has a market near by. Agriculture,\\nmanufactures and commerce arc said to constitute the true wealth\\nof a people. We have them all here mbined in immediate proxim-\\nity to each other. Our manufacturing facilities are unequal ed. It\\nhas heretofore been a drawback that agriculture being neglected,\\nthe cost of living was greater than in older portions of the\\ncountry, and consequently manufacturers did not iind it to their\\ninterest to locate here, except where this drawback was overcome\\nby the cheapness of raw material. But our development has now\\nbecome such that the cost of living is not greater than in other\\nportions of the State; and our superior facilities for transportation\\nand other advantages must, with the earliest return of business\\nprosperity to the country, give a new impetus to manufacturing\\nestablishments in this locality.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2It is but a short period since salt was first discovered in Michi-\\ngan. The first barrel of salt ever made in the Valley was manu-\\nfactured in 1860. Since that time over 11,500,000 barrels have\\nbeen made. And here let me say that the State of Michigan, I\\napprehend, hardly appreciates the obligations it owes to the Sagi-\\nnaw Valley for cheapening salt for the use of the people through-\\nout the State. It is well known that the Onondaga Salt Company\\ncontrolled the entire market prior to this discovery, and when the\\nmanufacture of salt was commenced at Saginaw the Onondaga\\ncompany, in its efforts to break clown the manufacture here in its\\ninfancy, put so Low a price upon their own salt as to make the Sagi-\\nnaw manufacture comparatively without profit. The Onondaga\\ncompany did this without reference to the cost of the product to\\nthem. They would sell salt at a dollar a barrel within the terri-\\ntory reached by the Saginaw salt, while they were asking at the\\nsame time S2.25 a barrel at Syracuse, their place of manufacture.\\nThey made a profit in the territory which they controlled which en-\\nabled them to sell at a loss here with a view to crushing out this\\ndangerous competition. The result has been that the people of\\nMichigan have had cheap salt, and saved probably over $10,000,-\\n000 in that one article in the last 17 years.\\nIf this were a proper occasion I would be glad to allude to the\\naction of the State in withdrawing the bounty which it offered\\nfor the discovery of salt without providing for the remuneration\\nto those who risked their money in its discovery, and who at great\\nexpense and heavy loss to themselves made the experiments as to\\nthe best mode of manufacturing. It would seem as though it would\\nhave been just had the State made provision to save those parties\\nfrom loss. But I pass that. The salt product is continually in-\\n18", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0299.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "296 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncreasing, and has already reached over a million and a half of\\nbarrels per year, and Onondaga no longer attempts to crush out\\nthis manufacture.\\nLumber has been the chief manufacture heretofore, and will be\\nfor many years to come. In 1854, at the request of a gentleman\\nin Chicago, I made an enumeration of the mills then in operation\\nupon the Saginaw river and its tributaries, including Kawkawlin,\\nand of their product, showing that there were then 61 mills in\\noperation, a large number of them being water-mills, and only 23\\non the Saginaw river, having a total cut for the 61 mills, of i.08,-\\n000,000 feet per year. From that time until 1863 no authentic\\nfigures were kept. Since that date accurate reports have been\\nmade yearly. From these data at hand, estimating for the years\\nfor which we have no accurate figures, the lumber manufacture of\\nthe Saginaw Valley from 1850 to the close of 1877 aggregates about\\n8,500,000,000 feet.\\nIt would be for the interest of our Valley, as well as for the in-\\nterest of our lumbermen, if they would subject the lumber to finer\\nmanipulations before shipment, so that it may be ready for the\\nconsumer s use. Until recently but little attention has been paid\\nto this, but the practice is now growing in favor; and as the timber\\nbecomes more valuable and more difficult to obtain, the manufact-\\nurers will endeavor, by handling a smaller quantity, so to handle\\nit as to make the same profit on the less as they have heretofore\\non the greater quantity. This gives employment to a greater num-\\nber of men and of course tends to the general profit of the Val-\\nley. How long lumber will remain as the leading product of the\\nvalley it is impossible to say. It will probably continue at least\\nduring the present generation. I remember over 20 years ago\\nthat people would then assume to demonstrate that in 10, 15\\nor 20 years the pine would be entirely gone at the then rate of\\nconsumption. Its annual production has increased more then\\niive-fold, and yet it is nearly as difficult now to say when the end\\nwill come as it was then. When Lewis and Headley published\\ntheir annual statement of the salt and lumber statistics of the Val-\\nley in the year 1868, they assumed to give a careful estimate of\\nthe timber then standing within and tributary to the district em-\\nbraced in the statement, and they gave for Saginaw and the\\nshore to and including Sable river and tributaries, 5,211,600,000\\nfeet, and estimated that the timber would be entirely exhausted\\nin less than 17 years, manufacturing at the rate of 500,000,-\\n000 feet annually. As a matter of fact, as their subsequent esti-\\nmates show, there has been actually manufactured at the Saginaw\\nriver mills alone, from 1869 to 1877 inclusive, 5,211,987,099 feet\\nof lumber. If their estimate then had been correct, we should\\nhave been out of pine timber before this time, yet last fall our lum-\\nbermen were making arrangements to stock their mills heavier\\nthan ever, and the cut for the Saginaw river and Kawkawlin in\\n1877 was over 640,000,000 feet. I will not assume to state how\\nlong this manufacture will continue, nor assume to estimate the", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0300.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY 297\\nquantity of pine yet standing within the Valley. But it is safe to\\nventure this prediction, that the manufacture of lumber will be a\\nLeading industry in the Saginaw Valley during the lives of the pres-\\nent generation.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2The agricultural development of the Valley has been very\\nrapid the last few years. When salt was discovered at first, those\\nwho had timber lands near the salt-producing districts assumed that\\ntheir timber would be of great value for wood to be used in the\\nmanufacture of salt, and consequently neglected to cut it, holding\\nfor higher prices. It has been found, however, that the waste\\nfrom the lumber mills produces sufficient fuel for this purpose, and\\nthose who made their calculations for profit from their fuel proved\\nmistaken.\\nWhen the tires of 1871 swept over this part of the State,\\nthousands of acres of timber were destroyed. People up to that\\ntime had been giving their attention to manufacturing. The\\nfarmer could work in the w Is winters with his teams, and thus\\nsecure for himself and family what it was necessary to purchase,\\ndevoting himself to farming only for the purpose, apparently, of\\nfurnishing his own fajnily and his own teams with their supplies.\\nAfter the panic of L873, by which manufacturing industries were\\nso seriously checked, more attention was given to farming, and\\nthese lands where the timber had been burned were cleared to\\nMich an extent that the agricultural development of the last five\\nyears in the central and northern parts of the Valley is more than\\nequal to all that preceded that period. The farmers of Michigan\\nhave a great advantage over those of the States west of the Mis-\\nsissippi in the better price they obtain for their products. The\\nreport of the department of agriculture for 1876 shows that the\\ncash value of the product of one acre devoted to agricultural pur-\\n3 in Michigan, was sll.do as against an average of $9.61 in\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2_ l other State- west and south, including among them Ohio, Indi-\\nana. Illinois. Wisconsin, etc.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2I have -aid that the latitude of this Valley was about the same\\nas that of the Mohawk valley. 1 may add that it possesses supe-\\nrior advantage- over the Mohawk valley for dairy purposes We\\nhave less waste land: we can raise as good hay and have as good\\npasture. Our transportation facilities are such that the difference\\nin the price that can be obtained for the products of the dairy here\\nami those they obtain would be hardly noticed. Cheese is an\\narticle of large export. At a recent meeting of the American\\nDairymen Association at Cleveland, it was stated that the exports\\nof cheese to Great Britian alone during the past year had been\\nabout 1 L0,000,000 lbs., valued at over $13,000,000; and the export\\nof butter for the same period had been over 14,000,000 fibs. There\\ni- no danger of overstocking the market with these products so\\nlong as this export demand continues, and it is constantly grow-\\ning. The land- oi the Saginaw Valley are natural grass lands. A\\npiece of land cleared will seed itself, at least it will be found cov-\\nered with a turf of good pasturage grasses, and you cannot tell", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0301.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "298 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nhow the seed comes there. We need plenty of good cheese fac-\\ntories. Our farmers may with profit to themseles give more atten-\\ntion to dairying in the future than in the past. There is profit in\\nit as well as in the raising of grain, and in our climate a mixed\\nhusbandry is better for the land, and by this combination of\\nindustries farms originally rich may be made richer, while should\\nthe farmer devote himself exclusively to grain he would soon im-\\npoverish his soil, no matter how fertile in its original condition.\\nThe farmer located in the Saginaw Valley has no reason to\\nbemoan his location. Although the surface of the country\\nappears level, yet there is sufficient fall for good drainage. Hard-\\nly a farm can be found but what will permit the water to flow off\\nif water-ways are opened. In time under-draining will become\\nthe rule on our clay subsoils, but at present most of our farmers\\nmust content themselves with surface draining.\\nThe streams which flow into the Saginaw in their united length\\nwill exceed 1,500 miles, of size sufficient to give a valuable navi-\\ngation for logs and timber, and in addition are thousands of miles\\nof smaller streams and rivulets, through which the drainage of\\nthe surface is accomplished. The basin of tlv\u00c2\u00a3 Valley of the Sagi-\\nnaw is about 450 feet lower than its southern border just south of\\nHolly, and from 500 to 600 feet lower than its northern and north-\\nwestern border found on the dividing line between the Muskegon\\nand Saginaw rivers, while on its southwestern side between the\\nwaters of Bad and Maple rivers it is some 72 feet, that being the\\nlowest point in the whole boundary of the Valley, except the outlet\\nby the Bay. With proper attention to drainage, with proper care\\nto preserve the fertility of the soil, and with proper industry and\\nattention to business, it will be but few years before the farmers\\nof the Saginaw Valley, with their fertile and well stocked farms,\\nwill rank in the extent of their productions, as they do now in\\nquality, with the best on the continent.\\nIt is said with truth that as late as 1860 the general impression\\nin regard to the Saginaw Valley shared in by many prominent\\nresidents as well as by a large majority of those outsiders who hap-\\npened to know from observation or experience any thing concern-\\ning this new region of country, was that while its timber was\\nunquestionably valuable at that date this resource was not esti-\\nmated at one tenth of its actual value, by reason of its intermin-\\nable swamps and marshes, the sterility that ordinarily attaches to\\nland in pine districts, known at that time to the casual observer as\\npine barrens the liability to frosts, the lack of drainage and\\nthe unusual obstacles to be met with in clearing the forests and\\nmaking the soil available for cultivation, it could by no possibility\\never become even a moderately productive farming district. There\\nwere grave doubts at that time in the minds of many fair-minded,\\nexcellent citizens, gentlemen thoroughly identified with the inter-\\nests of the Valley, whether the county, many portions of which\\nare to-day as rich and productive as the best agricultural districts\\nin the West, was not too frosty and unreliable as to climate to war-", "height": "3576", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0302.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 299\\nrant the broad extent of farming improvements that had already\\nbeen vigorously inaugurated. This doubt, and the persistent mis-\\nrepresentation in regard to Saginaw Valley as a land of swamps,\\nfrosts and sterility, made previous to 1860, has seemed to keep the\\nfarming interest, never too prone to prosper in a lumber country,\\nfar behind what it should be at this time, and the loss in accumu-\\nlations by reason of this delay may be counted by millions of dol-\\nlars; but with all this slow progress these facts have been fairly and\\nfirmly fixed.\\nIn 1860 the number of acres of improved land in the county was\\nestimated at L8,048 acres, 10 years later at 33,383 acres, and in the\\nfifth decade after settlement at double the area reported as improved\\nin L870.\\nA.8 lands are cleared and opened to the light and heat of the sun,\\nthey improve every year, and in the broader clearings untimely\\nfrosts are 80 marked an exception to the general rule that there is\\nno further fear of that dread bug-bear. The soil throughout all\\nthat range of counties drained by Saginaw river and its tributaries\\nis as a rule excellent for farming purposes, and among some of the\\npine tracts, as is the case on the Cass, the flint, the Tittabawassee,\\nChippewa and other streams, are found some of the most productive\\nlands in the district.\\nThe timber will not last for ever. Within a half century the\\nowners of these fertile lands will wish for a pine grove and find\\nnone; in their rush after gain the forest will be leveled, and then,\\nin possession of rich and productive farms, the husbandman will\\nlook back to the time when each quarter section held a mine of\\nfuel, and curse the want of foresight which led to its destruction.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0303.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VIII.\\nORGANIC.\\nThe third decade of the 19th century will ever be remembered\\nas the beginning of a movement of the people toward Western\\nhomes. During those years the Eastern people rose to a full con-\\nception of the worth of the land and the liberties which the toilers\\nof the Revolution won for them, and resolved to direct their steps\\nthither. Michigan was not forgotten. The country from the St.\\nJoseph to the Grand river, and still northward to the villages of\\nthe Chippewas, was explored, and in some cases settled. For some\\nyears succeeding this decade the forests of Saginaw boasted of all\\ntheir primitive grandeur. In 1835 the scene was changed. At\\nintervals the American pioneer built his log house, made a small\\nclearing, and transformed portions of the mighty forests into spots\\nof pastoral beauty. Many acres were already fenced, and the\\nstacked harvest of the preceding year was seen near at hand. The\\ncountry was then replete with beaut} r the singularly attractive\\nmonotony of the wildwoods was varied by tracts of cultivated lands;\\nand the aborigines lived in proximity to civilized man.\\nSolidarity of interests joined the pioneers in a bond of fraternity,\\nthe strength of which tended to render their loves and friendships\\nlasting.\\nOn the completion of their spring farm labors those settlers of\\nthe land\u00e2\u0080\u0094 those true foresters did not seek a rest, but turning\\ntheir attention away from manual, embraced mental labors, to the\\nend that their political condition might advance hand in hand with\\nthe social status already attained, or at least within their grasp.\\nBefore the springtime of 1836 had called them to their fields they\\nestablished for themselves a county and a county government.\\nIn reviewing the history of those days, it is proper that the do-\\nings of the local government should find a place among the rem-\\niniscences of the times. That the first statesmen of the country\\nlabored faithfully in the interest of their neighbors, will appear\\nfrom this record; and as their labors are briefly described in the\\nfollowing pages, it is hoped that this section of the history may re-\\nceive from the reader such attention as the labors of older legislators\\ndeserve.\\nSAGINAW COUNTY BOUNDARIES IN 1822.\\nThe following description of the boundaries of Saginaw county\\nwas contained in a proclamation of the Governor, issued in 1822.\\nNine years later this portion of the proclamation was abrogated,\\n(300)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0304.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "BISTORT OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 30l\\nand the boundaries revised. As laid off in 1822, the county com-\\nprised all the country included within the following boundaries:\\nBeginning on the principal meridian, where the line between\\nthe 14th and 15th townships north of the base line intersects the\\nsame, ami running thence south, to the line between the eighth\\nand ninth townships north of the base line; thence east to the\\nline between the sixth and seventh ranges east of the principal\\nmeridian; thence north to the continuation of the line between the\\n14th and 15th townships north of the base line; thence west to the\\nplace of beginning, shall form a county to be called the county of\\nSaginaw. This proclamation of Gov. Cass, defining the boun-\\ndaries of the county of Saginaw was issued Sept. 10, 1822, While\\nlaying off this division of the State, it defined the boundaries of\\nLapeer. Sanilac, Shiawassee, Washtenaw and Lenawee, providing\\nthat their organization should take place whenever competent\\nauthority for the time being should deem such a course advisable.\\nOf the six counties, the boundaries of which were defined in this\\nproclamation, Sagii aw, Lapeer, Sanilac ami Shiawassee were at-\\ntached to Oakland county, until the period of their organization;\\nWashtenaw was attached to Wayne county under the same con-\\ndition, and Lenawee to Monroe county.\\nWayne county was laid off Nov. 1, 1815, Monroe July 14, 1817,\\nand Oakland Jan. 12, 1810. To the latter county. Saginaw, and\\nall the country m t included within the boundaries of the counties\\ndescribed in the proclamation (to which the Indian title was ex-\\ntinguished by the Saginaw treaty, signed and sealed Sept. 24, 1819)\\nwere attached; while all the country to which the Indians relin-\\nquished their claims by the treaty of Chicago, was attached to\\nMonroe.\\nLOCATING THE COl NTY SEAT.\\nIn the earlier years it was the custom of the Territorial officers to\\nforesee, if possible, the action of the people, and concede that which\\nappeared would prove beneficial prior to the otter of a petition.\\nThis was the case with Saginaw. Even before its organization\\nas a township, the Legislative Council directed the establish-\\nment of it- judicial center, and the proclamation of Gov. Lewis\\nCass, under date .Ian. 11. 1831, resulted. This document states:\\nWhereas. Solomon Fr08t, Origen I Richardson, ami Thomas J.\\nDrake were appointed commissioners to locate the seat of justice\\nin the county of Saginaw, and have proceeded to execute the said\\nduty, and have by a report Bigned by a majority of them located\\nthe seat of justice of the said county of Saginaw upon the north-\\neast fractional quarter of section 26, in township L2 north, and\\nrange 4 east, and designated upon the plat of the City of Sag-\\ninaw. so called, as the two squares marked on said plat Public\\nBuildings, which plat isrecorded in the register s office of Oakland\\ncounty: now. therefore, by virtue of authority, given in the act\\nof duly. ls:;o. the seat of justice of Saginaw county is established", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0305.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "302 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\non the said two squares of land described, and lying in the said city\\nof Saginaw.\\nSAGINAW TOWNSHIP ORGANIZED.\\nFor a period extending over four years between 1831 and 1835,\\nthe district known as the county of Saginaw formed a township\\nattached to Oakland for judicial purposes.\\nThe Legislative Council of the Territory ordained that all that\\npart of the country lying within the limits of the county of Sagana\\nheretofore set off and established as the county of Sagana, be and\\nthe same Is hereby set off into a separate township, and the name\\nthereof shall be Sagana. That the first township meeting to be\\nheld in such township shall be held at the fort of Sagana, on the\\nfirst Monday in April, which will be in the year 1831. That noth-\\ning in this act shall in any manner affect the assessment and col-\\nlection of taxes made or to be made within the said district of\\ncountry, as a part of the township of Pontiac, for the year 1830.\\nThis act was approved July 12, 1830, and came into force 1831,\\nwhen Gardner D. Williams was elected supervisor, David Stanard\\noverseer of No. 1 district, or Saginaw; Eleazer Jewett, overseer of\\nNo. 2 district, or Greenpoint; Charles McLean overseer of the 3d dis-\\ntrict, or Tittabawassee. This first meeting was held April 4, 1831, at\\nthe Saginaw fort. After the election the board organized, and\\nproceeding at once to business appropriated $25 for the poor fund,\\nand $50 for building roads and bridges.\\nCHANGE OF BOUNDARIES.\\nThe act of the Legislative Council approved March 2, 1831, ab-\\nrogated that portion of Gen. Cass proclamation dealing with the\\ncounty, and ordained that its boundaries shall begin at a point\\nwhere the line between ranges 6 and 7 east intersects the line\\noetween townships 8 and 9 north; thence west to the meridian, thence\\nnorth on the meridian line to the line between townships 12 and\\n13; thence east to the line between ranges 2 and 3 east; thence\\nnorth to the line between townships 14 and 15; thence east\\nto the line between ranges 6 and 7 east; thence south to the\\nplace of beginning, containing 32 townships. Within this district\\nEleazer Jewett surveyed the first county roads in 1832, as elsewhere\\nnoticed. Gardner D. Williams served as supervisor from April,\\n1831, to April, 1834, when William F. Mosley was elected to serve\\nuntil the election of 1835.\\nORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY.\\nDuring 1834, the question of conferring on the township of Sagi-\\nnaw the status of a county was discussed, and a resolution of the\\nCouncil passed to the effect: That the county of Saginaw shall\\nbe organized when this act takes effect, and the inhabitants entitled\\nto all the rights and privileges to which, by law, the inhabitants of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0306.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 303\\nthe other counties of this Territory are entitled; that all suits, prose-\\ncution- and other matters now pending before the courts of record\\nof Oakland county, or before any justice of the peace of said county,\\nshall be prosecuted to final judgment and execution; and all taxes,\\nheretofore levied and now due shall be collected in the same man-\\nner as though the said county of Saginaw had not been organized;\\nthatthe circuit court for the county of Saginaw shall be holden on\\nsuch days as the law will provide, and that it shall be the duty of\\nsheriff to provide a suitable place near the county site, for the\\nholding of court, until public buildings are erected in said county;\\nthat the township board for the township of Saginaw shall, until\\nthere be three townships organized in the county, sit as a county\\nboard for said county, and are authorized to transact all business\\nnow incumbent on the board of supervisors in the respective\\ncounties of the territory.\\nThis act of organization was approved Jan. 28, 1835, and put in\\nforce the second Monday of February, 1835.\\nEARLY RECORD OF SUPERVISORS COURT.\\nThe first record in possession of the county clerk of Saginaw is\\ndated the second Tuesday in October, 1835. It recounts the formal\\nmeeting of the county board, which adjourned to Friday, Oct. 23,\\nto meet at the house of E. N. Davenport, in the village of Saginaw.\\nThere were present at this adjourned meeting, G. D. Williams,\\nSupervisor: Wm. 1 Mosley, J. P.; Albert Miller, J. P., and E.\\nS. Williams, Township lerk. Albert Miller was chosen president\\nof the township board, and E. S. Williams, clerk. At this meeting\\na number of accounts, aggregating $98. 63, were ordered to be paid.\\nAmong such accounts was an item of $5, allowed Albert Miller for\\ncopying a essment roll and proportioning tax for the collector. A\\nsum of $15 was voted Wm. F. Mosley in payment for his services\\nas district attorney during the year 1835. To E. S. Williams a\\nsum of $2 was voted for services rendered as clerk of the board.\\nThe record further shows that the amount allowed for expenses\\nin the township of Saginaw was $93.94, to which the sum of $4.69\\nwas added, being the collector s fees at five per cent. One hundred\\ndollars was voted for the purpose of building a bridge in district\\nNo. 1.\\nThe next meeting was held March 21, 1836, in the county clerk s\\noffice, Saginaw village. Albert Miller, Andrew Ure, and E. S.\\nWilliams were present. The annual meeting was held Oct. 13, 1836\\nE. N. Davenport, Wm. F. Mosley, Albert Miller, Gr. D. Williams,\\nand Wm. McDonald were present. Supervisor Davenport was\\nchosen chairman, and Wm. McDonald, clerk. In passing the ac-\\ncounts, E. Jewett was allowed $15.50 for services as coroner; Wm.\\nF. Mosley, for services as district attorney; x\\\\.bram Butts, $37\\nfor services as constable. The board directed that $250 be raised\\nfor building a bridge across the bayou near the steam mill in dis-\\ntrict No. 1. At a meeting of the board, held two days later, it was", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0307.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "304 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nresolved to raise $1,570.59 to be applied on building a county jail in\\nthe city of Saginaw.\\nThe board of supervisors met at the clerk s office, Oct. 3, 1837.\\nJeremiah Riggs, Supervisor Albert Miller, J. P., E. S. Williams,\\nand Samuel G. Watson were present. J. Riggs was chosen\\nchairman, and Samuel G. Watson, clerk. The first transaction of\\nthe new board was a direction to the clerk to notify the inhabi-\\ntants of the township and county of Saginaw that they would be\\nrequired to vote, on the 6th and 7th of November, 1837, for or\\nagainst a loan of $10,000, for the erection of a court-house and\\njail, and also to have such^ notice published in the new paper\\ncalled the Saginaw Journal The vote on the question of the day\\nwas duly taken, a loan of $10,000 made, bearing 7 per cent, per\\nannum interest, negotiated with the directors and company of the\\nSaginaw City Bank, and the bond signed by Andrew Ure, Jere-\\nmiah Riggs, E. S. Williams, and Albert Miller, binding them-\\nselves, and their successors in office to pay the banking company\\nthe amount of loan, with interest, within 10 years from Jan. 1,\\n1838. The members of the board assembled March 8, 1838, at\\nthe house of Joseph J. Maiden, when the following proposals\\nfor building a court-house were handed in: Asa Hill and Benj.\\nSeverson, $11,500; Wm. L. P. Little, $12,000; P. H. Pen wick,\\nSI 1, 000; Bunker A. Tuthill, $11,950. This action was followed\\nby a most singular result. On motion of Albert Miller, it was\\nresolved to sell the contract for building, at auction, reserving\\nthe right of sale. This procedure resulted in reducing the pro-\\nposals to $9,510, Hill reducing his price $1,990. At a meeting,\\nheld within hve days, a contract was awai ded to Asa Hill, on\\ncondition that the court-house be completed June 1. 1839, and that 10\\nper cent, on the amount of contract be retained until the work was\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0finished, and accepted by the county board. The expenses, attend-\\nant on making loan, drafts, contracts, etc., aggregated $157.75,\\npaid out as follows: Benj. Severson s account for drafting, $50;\\nAsa HilTs, for ground plan, $18; Jeremiah Riggs, for services,\\n$11; E. J. Williams, for services, $14; A. Miller, $14; A. Ure, $8;\\nW. E. Mosley, $6; S. G. Watson, $32 75; Saginaw Journal, for\\nadvertising, $12. Ephraim S. Williams was appointed building\\nsuperintendent, and Samuel G. Watson additional superintendent\\nof the work.\\nDuring the year 1837, the census of the county was taken by A.\\nButts, Collector. His pay was $1 for every 100 persons, or $9.20,\\nwhich shows that in that year, there were only 920 people in the\\ncounty. The board, however, in consideration of the great num-\\nber of miles traveled and money expended by him, granted him\\nan additional sum of $50. Asa Hill died in 1838, and his secur-\\nities were empowered by the county board to take possession of\\nall building material and proceed with the work.\\nIn November, 1838, Sheriff Elijah N. Davenport was directed to\\nlease from Abraham Butts a block-house standing in rear of his\\ndwelling, to tit it up as a jail, and use it for a house of detention.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0308.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 305\\nThe county commissioners of Saginaw met at the clerk s office\\nNov. I!\u00c2\u00bb. l^N. when lots were drawn for terms of office. Duncan\\nfcfcLellan drew for a three years term, Cromwell Barney for two\\nwars, and -lames Fraser for one year. The board organized by\\nelecting James Fraser, chairman and C. S. Palmer clerk. During\\nthe years 1839-40 nothing of importance was transacted by the\\nboard, with the exception of arranging many little disputes arising\\nout of the erection of the county buildings by the executors of\\nAsa Hill. In January, L841, the Saginaw City Bank building\\nwas leased to the county at $50 per annum by Wm. L. P. Little.\\nThe board authorized the clerk to subscribe for the Detroit Daily\\nAdvertiser^ then edited by Dawson Bates. James Fraser, Eben-\\nezer Davis and Duncan IVfcLellan formed the board of commis-\\nsioners in January, 1841. Any two members of tins board took\\nto themselves some extraordinary powers, among which may be\\nmentioned that of appointing another member, as a substitute for\\nan absent member. In April, 1841, a committee composed of Ira\\nT. Farrand, Cromwell Barney, Thomas McCarthy, Fried Barber,\\nE. X. Davenport, Gr. 1 Williams, and John Farquaharson, was\\nappointed to superintend the work of Norman Little on the court-\\nIn nisi- and jail; while Farrand, Barber and Samuel Shattuck were\\nappointed appraisers of the material supplied to the original con-\\ntractor. A .-a Hill. The expense of one meeting of this com-\\nmittee, together with the work of the appraisers, was\\n94; nor did this settle the matter; it is evident from\\nentries made June 18, 1841, that Little did not agree to the terms\\nproposed, for on that date it is recorded that Eriel Barber was ap-\\npointed by the board to superintend the building of the court-\\nhouse in the most economical manner; to procure lime, brick and\\nStone for foundations, and to hire mechanics and laborers.\\nIn 1S41 the townships of Tuscola and Tittabawassee protested\\nagainst the assessment of real and personal property, stating that\\nit was much in excess of the valuation of Saginaw. The board,\\nhaving inquired into the matter, equalized the assessment, but\\ndecided ultimately that the difference was not so great as to justify\\nthe expense which would attend the amendment of the assessment\\nroll. The commissioners, appointed to inquire into the amount of\\ncounty property which passed into the hands of the administra-\\ntrix of Asa Hill, reported Nov. 13, 1841, stating that the widow\\nHill knew nothing positive regarding county property. During\\nthis year, the transfer or copy of deeds and mortgages from the\\nrecords of Oakland county was made, at a cost or $89.19. For\\nthis sum ci .pics ,,f S4 deeds and mortgages, together with the plats\\not Saginaw and Fast Saginaw, were made by Joseph D. Sharp,\\nOct. 6, 1841.\\nsupervisors court.\\nThe government of the county changed in 1842. .lames Frazer,\\nAndrew Ure, and Ebenezer Davis, the last commissioners, held\\ntheir last meeting March 18, 1842. On July 4 following, Hiram", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0309.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "306 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nL. Miller, Supervisor of Saginaw township; Thomas McCarthy,\\nSupervisor of Tittabawassee; Ebenezer W. Perry, Supervisor of\\nTuscola, and John Farquaharson, Supervisor of Taymouth, met\\nand organized, with Hiram L. Miller as chairman, and J. J. Mai-\\nden, clerk.\\nAmong the first acts of the board of supervisors was the grant-\\ning of a license to CI. D. Williams, authorizing him to keep a ferry\\non the Saginaw, one mile up and down the river, from the Macki-\\nnac road, for three years, ending July 7, 1845. The following\\nrates were recognized Foot passengers, 12\u00c2\u00a3c each man and\\nhorse, 25c man with horse and wagon, 37-i-c man with two\\nhorses and wagon, 50c cattle or horses, 10 cents each sheep or\\nhogs* 6^c each. The price was not to be increased upon the ferri-\\nage of horses and wagons, even though more than one person\\naccompanied each and all of them. In ferrying cattle, sheep or\\nhogs, the drivers were to cross free of charge.\\nTHE BAYOU BRIDGE.\\nThe board contracted with G. D. Williams for the construction\\nof a bridge over the bayou on the east side of the Saginaw river,\\non the line of the Saginaw turnpike.\\nTHE LITTLE PROPOSITION.\\nThe proposition of W. L. P. Little, presented to the supervi-\\nsors July 0, 1842, stated that to the board would be given a choice\\nof the lands lying between Cass and Flint rivers, at the rate of $5\\nper acre, on condition that the price of such lands should be taken\\nin payment of the debt of the Saginaw City Bank on the bond\\ngiven by the county to the bank, and in any and every other way,\\nthe selection to be made by the board between the two rivers\\nmentioned, for which a good title would be given free of incum-\\nbrances, except the taxes now due, for which other lands would be\\ndeeded. The board accepted the proposition, on the understanding\\nthat the property be transferred to the county within a reasonable\\ntime, and after the parties concerned could agree as to the indebted-\\nness of the bank to the county. A few days subsequently, several\\ncitizens signed a protest against the acceptance of Little s proposi-\\ntion. The board replied laconically, regretting that the remon-\\nstrance was not made prior to the record of the acceptance of\\nLittle s proposition. E. W. Perry was appointed to examine the\\nlands offered, and to make such selections therefrom as might be\\nconsidered most valuable.\\nThe troubles arising from the $10,000 bond given to the Saginaw\\nCity Banking Company by the Board of Supervisors proved long-\\nlived, but the matter was ultimately settled March 8, 1844. On that\\nday, the committee appointed to settle this business submitted a re-\\nport, from which the following extract is made The county is to\\ngive a bond, payable in four annual payments, for $5,257.75, and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0310.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 307\\ninterest n the whole yearly; and the sum of $1,208.25, the interest\\ndue on the $5,257.75 up to Jan. 1, 1844, to be paid. The bond to be\\ngiven by thecounty to draw interest from Jan. 1, 1*44. Upon the\\npayment of the $1,208.25, and the execution of the bond for the\\n$5,257.75, the bond now holden by the State to be given uj) and\\ncancelled. It is understood that there is to be deducted from the\\n$1,208.25, some s paid by the county on the interest. In this\\nsettlement the county has been allowed the $650 appropriated by\\nthe Auditor General, and $350 of the $700paid into the Saginaw\\nCity Hank. The $1,208.25 to be paid as follows: -T1h county\\ntreasurer of Saginaw is to give an order on the Auditor General\\nauthorizing him to apply one-half of the taxes received into his\\noffice from the non-resident taxes, returned from said county until it\\nshall be paid, and the said order is to embrace and ratify the $650\\nalready paid by said Auditor General to the Land Commissioner\\nfrom the taxes received by him for Saginaw county.\\nThis report was Bigned by R. P. Eldridge, Chairman Board of\\nState Auditors; G. 1 Williams, Chairman Board of Supervisors,\\nnaw county, and H. L. Miller, delegate from the County Board\\nof Supervisors. This affair may be said to have been closed\\nMay 9, l v 44, when the board executed a bond to the State in\\nrd with the terms of settlement, signed by G. D. Williams,\\nEnoch Olmstead, Murdoch Frazer, Lovira Hart, and John\\nFarquaharson.\\nMUNICIPAL BRIEFLETS.\\nThe six streams above ass river bridge were bridged in 1 842- 3.\\nAt the same time a scow was provided for the use of the public at\\nthe crossing of the river at the Saginaw and Taymouth road.\\nIn L843 the hoard resolved to have a copy made of all entries\\nof county lands from the Detroit and Flint river records.\\nAuthority was given to James A. Kent to establish a ferry\\nover the Cass river, at the crossing of the Saginaw turnpike.\\nThe rates were 50 per centum less than those charged by G.\\nI). Williams. In May. 1844, EL L. Miller notified the officers of\\nBchool district No. 1 that, owing to the proximity of the school\\nbuilding to the new court-house, and the danger in which the latter\\nStructure would stand in case of fire, it was deemed proper to\\ncause it- removal to a more suitable location.\\nTOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION.\\nThe organization of the townships may be said to begin in 1840\\nwith Tuscola. Tittabawassee was admitted a township in 1841;\\nTaymouth in 1842; Hampton, now forming a portion of Bay\\ncounty, in L843; Northampton, now an integral part of Bay county,\\nin 1846; and Bridgeport in L848. Chesaning, or Big Stone*\\nwas set off in ls49. Buena Vista was organized in 1849; Midland\\nin 1850.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0311.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "308 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe townships of St. Charles, Birch Run and Blumtield were\\norganized under authority given by the board of supervisors in\\nsession Feb. 9, 1853. Frankenmuth, Zilwaukee, Hale and Pine\\nRiver, the two latter of which are now embraced in Bay county,\\nwere organized in 1854. Emerson, Williams, Thomastown and\\nKochville were set apart in 1855. Brady was organized in 1856;\\nMaple Grove, Fremont and Portsmouth in 1857; Brant and\\nSpalding in 1858; Swan Creek in 1860; Richland, 1862; Albee,\\n1863; Chapin, 1866; Carrollton, 186S; Jonesfield, 1873; James,\\n1874; Lakefield, 1875, and Marion, 1880.\\nIn the organization of these townships the board of supervisors\\nwere generally in favor of extending the principle of local govern-\\nment whenever the population of any portion of the county pointed\\nout that course as judicious. However, in the case of Zilwaukee,\\nthe board exercised its full powers, and postponed the organ-\\nization of that portion of the county fully two years. The petition\\nfor the organization of Zilwaukee was laid before the board Jan. 5,\\n1852, and also a petition of remonstrances against such petition,\\nsigned by 34 Germans residing within the limits of the would-be\\norganized township. The petitioners for organization withdrew on\\nJan. 7, 1852, and presented again Jan. 8, a petition with amendments.\\nThe board decided against the organization of said township, even\\nwith amendments, by a vote of five to three.\\nTOWNSHIPS OF THE FAST.\\nThe townships organized and now separated from Saginaw, in-\\ncluding Williams, was set off Oct. 10, 1855, which comprised\\ntownship 14 north, of range 3 east.\\nThe first annual meeting for the election of township officers\\nwas held at the house of William A. Spafford, on the first Monday\\nin April, 1856, with the following named persons William A.\\nSpafford, Simon Wilbur and Amos Calbner presiding over such\\nelection.\\nAn order of the Board of Supervisors, dated Oct. 9, 1855, di-\\nrected that the territory known as township eleven (11) north, of\\nrange number two (2) west, in Saginaw county, be and the same\\nis hereby set off from the township of Tittabawassee, and organ-\\nized into a township to be known as Emerson, and that the first\\ntownship meeting for the election of township officers shall be\\nheld at the house of Erastus Hunt in said township, on the 24th day\\nof October, A. D., 1855, and that Isner Allen, Melancthon Pettit\\nand Israel Preston, three qualified electors of said township, be\\nand they are hereby designated as inspectors of such election.\\nThe township of Pine River was organized under authority given\\nby the board, Dec. 27, 1854, in the following order: That the terri-\\ntory known as township number 12 north, of range number 2 west,\\nand township number 12 north, of range 3 west, in Saginaw county,\\nbe and the same is hereby set off from the township of Tittabawassee,\\nand organized into a separate township, by the name of Pine River,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0312.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 309\\nand the fiwl township meeting for the election of township officers\\nshall hf held at the house now occupied by Joseph Clapp in said\\ntownship n the first Monday in April next; and that Sylvanus\\nGroom, Alexander 1 Runyan and George E. Gilford, preside\\ner such election.\\nThe township of Hale was organized in October, 1854, under\\nauthority given by the board at its session of Oct. 11, 1854. It\\ncomprised the territory described as follows: Township number 1 1\\nnorth of ranges number one, two and three west, and townships\\nnumber twelve north, of ranges number one, two and three west.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2The first annual meeting for the election of township officers in\\nBaid township to be held at the house of Ralph Ely in said town-\\nship of Hale, on the 31st day of October, A. D., 1854, and\\nthat the following named persons, Ralph Ely, Harvey Yanvleet,\\nand James Kress shall be inspectors of election.\\nPortsmouth township was organized under an order of the\\nhoard dated Oct. 14, 1857. It comprised all that portion of\\nfractional sections number twenty-eight (28) and twenty -nine (29)\\nin townships number fourteen (14) north, of range five (5) east,\\nthat is covered by a recorded plat of the village of Portsmouth;\\nalso all that portion of section number thirty-two (32) that lies on\\nthe east side of Saginaw river; and entire sections thirty-three (33),\\nthirty-four i 1 1. thirty-five (35) and thirty-six (36), in town num-\\nber fourteen ill) north, of range number five (5) east; and all that\\nportion of town number thirteen (13) north, of range number\\nfive i east, that lies on the east side of Saginaw river, save sec-\\ntion- twenty-one (21 twenty-two (22), twenty-seven (27), twenty-\\neight i l s K thirty-two (32), thirty-three (33) and thirty-four (34),\\nand town number thirteen I L3) north of range number six (6) east.\\nThe first annual meeting was held at the school-house in the\\nvillage of Portsmouth, on the first Monday of April, 1858, and\\nat thai meeting Ephraim Smith, Jesse M. Miller and William\\nDaglish, presided as inspectors of the election.\\nThe organization of all the townships belonging to Saginaw\\ncounty up to April, 1881, is noted in the pages devoted to township\\nhistory.\\nThe assessment rolls of the county, as submitted by the board\\nin October, 1 S H. show the real and personal property of the dis-\\ntrict to be as follows: Saginaw, $222,066.20; Tittabawassee,$108,-\\nTaymouth, $56,664.13; Tuscola, $27,282.00; Hampton,\\n$32,051.83; aggregating $446,653.89.\\nThe estimated expenditures of the county for the year, were\\n$3,110.86. This sum was provided by a tax of seven mills per\\ndollar of the valuation, aggregating $3,126.55.\\nThis may be considered the first regular estimate for a succeed\\ning fiscal year made by the hoard of supervisors, and the modest\\ninaugurated of that system of polity which has been carried out by\\nthe county governing boards.\\nIn reviewing the history of the county, many of the acts of the\\nsupervisors will be noticed, so that here it will be necessary", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0313.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "310\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nto give only the names of the citizens who shared in the honors\\nand labors of the various boards from the organization of the\\ncounty to this time.\\nCOUNTY COMMISSIONERS FROM 1835 TO 1642.\\n1831, Gardner D. William Supervisor.\\n1834, William F. Mosley,\\n1835, G. D. Williams,\\n1836, E. N. Davenport,\\n1837, Jeremiah Riggs,\\n1838, Jeremi h Riggs,\\n1839, Jtreiniah Riggs,\\n1840, Jeremiah Riggs,\\n1841, Jeremiah Riggs,\\nSUPERVISORS OF SAGINAW COUNTY, 1842 60\\nW. F. Mosley, J. P., Albert Miller, J P.\\nG. 1). Williams, W. F. Mosley, Albert\\nMiller.\\nAlbert Miller, Andrew Ure, W. F. Mosley.\\nJames Fraser, Duncan McLr llan, 0.\\nBarney.\\nJames Fraser, Duncan McLellan, C.\\nBarney.\\nEbenezer Davis, James Fraser, D. McLel-\\nlan.\\nAndrew Ure, Albert Miller, Eben. Davis.\\n1842, Hiram L. Miller, John Farquaharsou, Eben W. Perry, Thomas McCarthy.\\n1843, G. D. Williams. S. S. Campbell, Thomas McCarthy, John Farquaharsou.\\n1844, Murdoch Fraser, Lovira Hart, Enoch Ohnstead, John Farquaharson, S. S.\\nCampbell, G. D. Williams.\\n1845, C. S. Pulmer, 8. S. Campbell, Thnmas McCarthy, W. H. Nelson, A.\\nHolmes.\\n1846, Albeit Miller, Lovira Hart, Wm. Smith, W. H. Nelson, M Fraser.\\n1847, Luke Wellington, W. Smith, A. Holmes, N. Smith, S. S. Campbell, W.\\nH. Nelson.\\n1848, Geo. Davis, R. P. Mason, Paschal Richardson, James J. McCormick, Oc-\\ntavius Thompson, A. D. Gover, Noah Beach.\\n1849, J. W.Turner, J. B. Garland, Alanson Calkin, Bernard Hackett, Dion\\nBirney, Frederick Derr, L F. Harris.\\n1850, J. W. Turner, J. B. Garland, D. Birney, J. H. Richardson, David D. Ross,\\nH. S. Beach, Curtis Emerson, F. Derr, C. C. Fitzhugh.\\n1851, J. W. Turner, C. C. Fitzhugh, H. Beach, H. M. Beach, D. D. Ross, F. Derr\\nD. W. Norton, Timothy Bettel.\\n1852, O. Thompson, Franklin Millard, C. C. Fitzhugh, H. M. Beach, M. B.Hess,\\nD. D. Ross, F. Derr, T. Battel, J. W. Turner.\\nThe board of supervisors met May 7, 1853, when those elected to represent the\\nnew townships took their seats, W. H. Sweet represented Saginaw; Thomas\\nMcCarthy, Tittabawassee C. C. Fitzhugh, Midland H. M. Beach Bridgeport\\nM. W. Smith, Taymouth; W. D. Fitzhugh, Hampton M. L. Gage, Buena Vista,\\nCharles Post, Blumfield Joseph Matthewson, Birch Run D. Gould, St. Charles;\\nJ, W. Turner, Chesaning. W. H. Sweet was elected chairman of the board.\\n1854.\\nH. L. Miller, Chairman.\\nJerome B. Garland,\\nJoseph Matthewson,\\nAlbert Miller,\\nH. L. Miller,\\nBenj. F. Fisher,\\nH. S. Beach,\\nIsaac Bennett,\\nCharles Post,\\nGeo. Smith,\\nHenry C. Ashman,\\nD. D. Ross,\\nGeo. Smith,\\nM. L. Gage,\\n1855.\\nMorgan L. Gage, Chairman\\nH. y. Penoyer,\\nM. L. Gage,\\nH C. Ashman,\\nL. W. Vaughn,\\nJefferson Jackuth,\\nDavid Josylin,\\nGeo. Smith,\\nHiram Burgess,\\nLuke Wellington,\\nJohn G. Schnell,\\nGeo. L. Spicer,\\nGeo. Lord,\\nJames Fuller,\\nE. B. Bow,\\nDavid Sproal,\\nFrancis Nelson.\\n1856.\\nJ. W. Turner, Chairman.\\nNathan Beers,\\nCharles Bradford,\\nR. F. Fisher,\\nJacob H. Lewis,\\nD. D. Ross,\\nGet. Thompson,.\\nLuke Wellington,\\nB. Haack,\\nN. B. Bradley.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0314.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u00a2a\\n-^^^v-wuj /0(^", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0315.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0316.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COl NTV.\\n313\\nJohn W.Card,\\nM. B. Heea,\\nGeo. Lord,\\nGeo. Schmidt,\\nJohn W. Turner,\\nJ.D. Williams,\\n.1 l! Garland.\\nL867.\\nAugust S. ;.i\\\\ionl, Chair-\\nman.\\nTheodore Smith,\\nJohn G. Bchnell,\\nJohn W. Card.\\nLorenzo Hodgman,\\nReuben W. Andrus,\\nLewis Loeffler,\\nBrunson Turner,\\nThomas Berry,\\nI). 1). Roes,\\nDaniel Burns,\\nA. R.Swarthout,\\nA. B. Jaylord,\\nJacob II Lewis,\\nleo. W. Sm ck,\\nM. B. Hess,\\nL. W. Baines,\\ni Schmidt,\\nBenj. P. Fisher.\\n1858.\\nJohn W. Turner, Chair-\\nman.\\nFranklin R Copeland,\\nHiver II. Baldwin,\\nThomas Berry,\\nTheodore Smith,\\nBernard Hock,\\nJoseph Babcock,\\nHorace S. Beach,\\nLevi \\\\V. IlaiDes,\\nGeo. F. Ball, to fill va-\\ncancy.\\nJohn W. Turner,\\nSchmidt,\\nLewis Loeffler,\\nJohn Hunter,\\nRobert R. Thompson,\\nPeter C. Andre,\\nGeo. Armstrong,\\nGeo. Lewis,\\nW. W. Guilford.\\n1859.\\nIliramS. Penoyer, Chair-\\nman.\\nII. 8. Penoyer,\\nU. F.Mitchell, .Saginaw\\nL. B. Curtis, City.\\nR. W. Andrus,\\nO. H. Baldwin,\\nJohn Benson,\\nThomas Berry,\\nW. G.Elmer,\\nWin. L. Colliding,\\nBernard Haack,\\nD. D. Ross,\\nGeo. M. Schaefler,\\nPerry Joslin,\\n.1. H. Springer, [-EastSag-\\nDavid Lyon, inaw.\\nAlfred Holmes,\\nGeorge Lewis,\\nJacob II Lewis,\\nLewis Loeffler,\\nDA. Pettibone,\\nAetna P. Pettis,\\nJesse H. Quackenbush,\\nWm. Banderson,\\nStephen Bull.\\n1860.\\nW. H. Sweet, Chairman\\nW. H. Sweet,\\nL.C. Curtis, LSagin\\naw\\nu. \\\\J villus,\\nWm. Binder, p 1\\nThomas L. Jackson, Sag-\\ninaw tp.\\nJohn W. Card,\\nP. II. Warren,\\nI). A. Pettibone,\\nThomas Berry,\\nReuben W. Andrus,\\nA. B. Pettis,\\nJacob H. Lewis,\\nBernard Haack,\\nAugustus Lull,\\nPerry Joslin, East\\nHenry Woodruff. Sagi-\\nC. T. Disbrowe, naw.\\nGeo. M. Schaefer,\\nLewis Loeffler,\\nStephen Bull,\\nJesse H, Quackenbush,\\nI. W. LaMunyon,\\nJohn Benson,\\nAlex. Alberti.\\nGeo. W. Armstrong.\\nThe names of the members of the Supervisors Board from 1861\\nto the present time are given in connection with the townships\\nwhich tluv represented. The following is the roll of members of\\nt1h board for 1881- 2:\\nPRESENT BOARD OF SUPERVISORS 1881- 2\\nAli.ee\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Thos. S. Craig.\\nBirch Run\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Enoch Smith.\\nBlumfleld\u00e2\u0080\u0094 B. Haack.\\nBrant\u00e2\u0080\u0094 David J. Webb.\\nBrady Geo. W. Backrider.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0pori Chauncey W. Wisner.\\nBuena Vista Chas. M. Payment.\\niarrollton Martin Stoker.\\nhapin lohn McQuiston.\\nChesaning A. Davis Agnew.\\nEasl Baginaw\\nFirst ward\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Patrie O Grady.\\nBecond ward Jeremiah Firtin.\\nThird Ward Fred Louden.\\nFourth ward\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Edwin Aiken.\\nFifth ward\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Chas. W. Grant.\\nSixth ward Victor Schlessinger.\\nSeventh ward John Ingledew.\\nEighth ward\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Anthony Blankerts.\\n19\\nComptroller H. M. Newton.\\nCity Assessor C. H. Shaw.\\nCity Attorney O. W. Wisner.\\nFrankenmuth John M. Gugel.\\nFremont\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Richard Graham.\\nJames\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Edward II. Fayerweather.\\nJonesfield Joel S. Nevins.\\nKoehville Mathias Reichhardt.\\nLakefield Wm. Galloway.\\nMarion Daniel Paul.\\nMaple Grove Harrison Magoffin.\\nRichland Geo. W. Carson.\\nSaginaw Edward O Donnell.\\nSaginaw City\\nFirst ward\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A. T. Bliss.\\nSecond ward Chas. Moye.\\nThird ward R.J. Birney.\\nFourth ward\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hugh McPhillips.\\nFifth ward Emil Scheurmann.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0317.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "314 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSixth ward\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Julius Gradt. Taymouth Arthur Ross.\\nComptroller DeWiltC. Dixon. Thomastown Jacob Wiltse.\\nPpaulding\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John Baiter. Tittabawassee\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John A. McGregor.\\nSwan Creek\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Chas. B. Tefft. Zilwaukee\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John H. Doyle.\\nbt. Charles Edward A. Stinson.\\nThe Board organized in June, 1881, by electing Hon. John\\nBarter chairman, who appointed the following committees: Fi-\\nnance Aiken, Dixson, Carson, Galloway, Webb; county affairs\\nGrant, Bliss, Sackrider, Smith, McGregor; equalization Dix-\\nson, Shaw, C. W. Wisner, Tefft, Doyle, Agnew, Magoffin; claims\\nHaack, Moye, Ross, Blankerts, Brown; taxation C. W. Wis-\\nner, Newton, O Donnell, McQuiston, Reichardt; county poor\\nPayment, Stoker, Paul, McPhillips, Craig; jails, prisons and\\nasylums O. Wisner, Birney, Cummings, Graham, Hevins; roads\\nand bridges Wiltse, Fayerweather, Smith, Ross, Gugel; public\\nbuildings Scheurmann, Gradt, Fisher, Schlessinger, Ingledew;\\ndrainage Doyle, Brown, Magoffin, Smith, Paul; organization of\\ntowns Carson, Paul, Louden, Craig, Galloway.\\nTHE COUNTY BUILDINGS,\\nlocated on the Dexter square of Saginaw City have been referred\\nto in former pages. With the exception of the castellated structure,\\nthrough which the county offers hospitality to her dangerous\\nclasses.\\nThe court-house is an Ionic structure so far as its east and west\\nfacades are concerned. Within are two large halls, one on\\nthe ground floor known as the Supervisors room, with a suite of\\nante-rooms stretching along its northern side, and one on the second\\nfloor devoted to the courts. Both are useful, but by no means orna-\\nmental.\\nThe county offices comprise the Clerk s, Treasurer s, Registrar s\\nrooms, and that of the Judge of Probate; all located in a low,\\nFrench roofed building. There is nothing architecturally beautiful\\nabout it, yet the records which it contains are very complete, and\\nthe county officials genial, affable gentlemen. Such men and\\nrecords lend to the county offices an importance which the building\\nunder any other circumstances never possesses.\\nThe county jail has many old memories attached to it. It was\\ninaugurated immediately after the organization of the county, and\\nhas occupied the same position ever since. The stranger arriving\\nat Saginaw may see a pretentious building, just southwest of the\\nbusiness center of the city. Were it not for the great display of iron\\nbars, lie would never dream of its being the county jail; but would\\nat once jump to the conclusion that some barbarous European had\\ncome here tore-establish feudalism and had begun his mediaeval\\nwork bv erecting a castle fortress. Notwithstanding its antiquated\\nstyle of architecture, it is a fine building, and as such is creditable\\nto the Supervisors Board, under whose order it was constructed.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0318.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n315\\nCOUNTY OFFICERS.\\nThe list of county officials from 1S35 to 1881 is as follows:\\nCLERKS.\\nE. B. Williams 1835\\nWin McDonald 1836\\ni: S Williams 1P37\\ns Q Watson 1837\\nSam. K Baring 1838\\ni Palmer 1839\\nJoseph .1. Mai ten 1840-1\\nHiram L. Miller 1842 3\\nWin. L. P. Little 1844-5\\nAbsalom F. Hayden 1840\\nAlpheus s. Williams 1843-9\\nAugustus Gaylord 1852\\nHiram F. Ferris 1854\\nHiram 8. Penoyer 1858\\nCharles D. Little 1858\\nH. S. Penoyer 1858\\nWm. Moll. 1858\\nGeo. Schmidt 1862\\nHeman B. Ferris, deputy 1863\\nEdward Bloedon 1Q r\\nFred B. Sweet, deputyj imt\\nFred B. Sweet, Geo. W. Savage, 1Q71\\nD. B. Richardson, L. A. Hurlbun f 18 1\\nByron G. Stark. S. W. Kennedy 18\\nami Geo. H. Paine, deputy jjioit\\nFred. B. Sweet, 1QQ1 Q\\nThos. W. Busby, deputy p--\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00bbi-8*\\nTREASURERS.\\nBarvey Williams 1888\\nCharles S. Palmer 1840-2\\nHiram L. Miller 1843 5\\nSamuel Gordon .1846 54\\n.1 Blackmore 1854-2\\nW. J. Barton 1863-4\\nThomas L. Jackson 1865-6\\nG. A. Lyon 1867 70\\nG. F. Vanfliet 1871-6\\nJ. Schwartz 1877-8\\n.1. Valentine 1879-80\\nAlexander Ferguson 1880-1\\nSURVEYORS.\\nJ aim- Mr Con n irk, jr 1838\\nFl.a/rr Jewell 1839\\nAlpheus S. Williams 1840\\nEleazer Jewetl 1841\\nMartin L. Miller 1842\\nJames J. McCormick 1844 8\\nAbram Butts 185U 2\\nAlexander Albert! 1854\\nAbram Butts 1856\\nLewis Loeffler 1858\\nIra AY. La Munyon I860\\nLewis Loeffler. 1862-4\\nDarwin A Pettibone 1866\\nIsaac H. Leavenworth 1868\\n1870\\n1872\\n1874\\nHarrison Carey 1876\\nIsaac II. Leaven worth 1878\\nSolomon C. Goodale 1880\\nsin i; 1 1 i\\nElijah N Davenporl 1838\\nHenry Pratt 1840\\nJames Kenney 1841-2\\nSamuel Gordon 1844 5\\nJerome 11 Gotee 1846 50\\nElias ookst iver 1850\\nJerome H. Gotee 1852\\n1853\\n1854\\nCharles \\\\v Grant 1855\\n1856\\n1857\\n1858\\nJohn W. Turner 1858\\n1860\\nCapt. Woodruff 1861\\n1862\\n1 Juackenbush 1863\\n1864\\nJesse Quackenbush i860\\n1866\\nHenry Miller 1806\\n1867\\n1868\\n1869\\n1870\\nAustin Hank in 1 s 1 1\\n1872\\nReuben W. Andrus 1872\\n1874\\n1875\\nJ B. White 1876\\nJohn F. Adams 1877\\n1878\\n1879\\n1880\\nHenry Miller igsj\\n1882", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0319.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "316\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nREGISTRARS.\\nE. S. Williams 1835\\nHiram L. Miller 1838\\nJoseph S. Sharp 1840-1\\nHorace S. Beach 1842-5\\nCoe Garratt 1846-50\\nPeter C. Andre 1850\\nJohn Parish, jr 1854\\nJohn Parish 1856\\nO. P. Burt, deputy\\nGeorge Schmidt 1858\\nGeo. Schmidt I860\\nGeo. F. Veenfliet 1860\\nJames W. Gotee 1862\\nJames N. Gotee 1864\\nA L. Bingham 1867-69\\nJ. K. Stephens 1870-\\nFrank Lawrence 1877-80\\nPlerman B. Zwerk 1881-\\nCORONERS FROM 1835 TO 1858.\\nE. Jewett 1835\\nPhineas Spaulding, 1QO q\\nGeorge Davis f lbdy\\nAbram Butts AQAn\\nHugh McCullough iy4\\nThomas Smith i 1Q\\nHugh McCullough f 184\\nE. N. Davenport AQAA\\nEben. Davis f iy44\\nThomas Rogers 1Q(\\nJoshua Blackmore f lb4b\\nPeter Lane\\nDennis Harrison\\nJulius B. Hart\\nGeo. G. Hess 1854\\nJerome H. Gotee 1Q _\u00e2\u0080\u009e\\nJulius B.Hart iyob\\nJerome H. Gotee AQ Q\\nReuben Fairchild f 1W)8", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0320.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IX.\\nTHE COURTS AND THE BAR.\\nIt is an acknowledged fact that wherever the American pioneer\\nsettled he carried the craving for justice with him, which soon was\\nfollowed by the establishment of courts of justice. It is also true that\\nthe administration of the laws in the courts of the early settlements\\nwas not carried out with the same dignity as surrounds it to-day;\\nbut, thanks to the intelligence which the Revolution engendered, the\\npeople simply wanted justice, and got it. There were few lar-\\n3es bestowed in those olden days; the example of the fathers ot\\nthe Republic was not forgotten; men looked only to the honest\\npath and were determimed to travel whither it led; and thus justice\\nwas dispensed without fear or favor and in a manner creditable to\\nits officers and beneficial to the people.\\nTHE COURTS.\\nThe Circuit Court of Saginaw county was established under an\\nact of the Territorial Legislative Assembly, approved Feb. 12,\\n1835, which provided that a term of court should be held for the\\ncounty of Saginaw on Tuesday next after the fourth Monday in\\nJune, and on the second Tuesday next after the fourth Monday in\\nJanuary in each year.\\nAiming the first acts of the State Legislature was one dealing\\nwith the Circuit Court. It decreed that the fourth circuit shall be\\ncomposed of the counties of Oakland, Lapeer, Shiawassee, Gen-\\nesee, Saginaw, Ionia ami Kent, and the counties attached thereto,\\nf r judicial purposes. The sessions of the fourth circuit were or-\\ndered tube held at Saginaw on the third Tuesdays of February\\nand -July in each year. Subsequently the term was changed to\\nMay. In after years a desire to have the spring term of the\\nonirt held in April was expressed.\\nAmong the bills passed by the Legislature during the winter\\nion of 1858- 9 was one changing the terms of the Supreme\\nCourt and reorganizing circuit districts. The spring term of the\\nSupreme Court was authorized to be held on the first Monday of\\nApril instead of May.\\nSaginaw county was detached from the seventh circuit and\\nadded to the 10th, which henceforth comprised Saginaw, Gratiot,\\nIsabella, Midland, Iosco, Bay and Alpena.\\nFrom 1831 to 1*35 justice was meted out by Justices Albert\\nMiller, G. D. Williams. W. F. Mosley, Andrew Ure and E. K\\n(317)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0321.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "318 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nDavenport. This was done in the mildest manner and without all\\nthe formalities which now characterize its administration. It is\\nsaid that even the revenue officers, stationed in the district to pro-\\nhibit the introduction of contraband stores, paid less attention to\\nthe duty which they owed to Uncle Samuel than to that which\\nthey considered due to the little commonwealth of Saginaw. Con-\\nsequently they received rare presents from the captains of Detroit\\nboats and were always far away, when the wily Detroit man sailed\\nup the river to land his cargo, or, if present, merely took a cursory\\nglance at the ship, pronounced it all right and left the lake cap-\\ntain to pursue his way unchallenged. Neither did the law pre-\\nservers regard those proceedings with any great disfavor. They\\nshared in the hospitality of the revenue officer, and the result\\nwas such as might be expected.\\nThe Court journal begins with the chronicle of the October ses-\\nsion of the Circuit Court in and for the county of Saginaw, held\\nat the school-house at Saginaw City, Oct. 24, 1837, Hon. George\\nMorrell, Circuit Judge, with G. D. Williams and P. J. Gardner,\\nAssociate Judges.\\nThe first grand jury sworn comprised Eleazer Jewett, Jas. J.\\nMaiden, Geo. Davis, Obadiah Crane, Artemus W. Bacon, A. F.\\nHayden, Eleazer Miller, Sidney S. Campbell, James Frazer,\\nThomas Simpson, Harvey Williams, Joab Lull, Humphrey McLean,\\nAsa Hill, Duncan McLellan, Roderick Vaughan, Phineas Spauld-\\ning, John Brown, Nathaniel Foster and Geo. Youngs.\\nEdward McCarthy and Anthony R. Swarthout were summoned on\\nthis jury, but were not present, Thomas Simpson was appointed\\nforeman, and as such was empowered to subpoena and swear wit-\\nnesses. These preliminaries having been observed, the jury re-\\ntired to consider presentments in charge of Deputy-Sheriff Allen.\\nThe petit jury, sworn the succeeding day, comprised John\\nSimpson, Peter Guillott, J. B. Truesdell, Charles A. Lull, Benj.\\nMcLellan, Benj. Cushaway, James McCarthy, Thomas McCarthy,\\nStephen Benson, Harvey Rumville and Weston G. Elmer.\\nAlbert Miller, John B. Desnoyer and Benway Tromble were\\nsummoned, but did not appear.\\nThe first cause brought before the court was that of Humphrey\\nMcLean vs. John B. Desnoyer represented by Attorney S. G.\\nWatson; the second was that of John Todd vs. Moses Maynard, jr.,\\nin which Attorney Watson represented the plaintiff. On the\\nsecond day of the term Samuel G. Watson was appointed district\\nattorney pro tern. The causes presented for trial on that day were:\\nJoseph J. Maiden vs. Elisha Rice; John C. Tibbetts vs. Nath.\\nBennett, Gardner D. Williams and E. S. Williams; Isaiah Hall\\nvs. Duncan McLellan; John Brown vs. same; and Harvey Rum-\\nville vs. same. Those law cases were simple in character, yea, a\\nfew of them were continued from session to session until the\\nmost ardent lover of legal delay was disposed to retire from the\\ncourt and forswear all litigation. During the early years\\nthere is not one case of a criminal character on record; but as", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0322.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 319\\nthe settlement grew older, the criminal presented himself in\\nalmost every phase.\\nTHE I OUNTY OOTTET.\\nElijah X. Davenport and William Smith were the Judges of the\\nOonnty Court from its inauguration, Feb. 15, 1848, to Dec. 30,\\nL851.\\nThe last entry or the record of the Saginaw County Court was\\nmade Dec. 30, 1851. The last case brought before the court was\\nthat of the People vb. Solomon Johnson, which resulted in his\\ndischarge. The firsl \u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0096\u00a0use tried before that tribunal was the com-\\nplaint of W. I- P. Little against Judge Davenport, for the illegal\\nBeizure ofhis goods and chattels. Judge W. Smith, second judge\\nof tin- court, adjourned the hearing of the case from Feb. 15 to\\nMarch 21, L848, when, after the examination of the plaintiff, Joshua\\nD. Smith, and Royal \\\\Y. Jenny, he gave judgment against\\nJudge Davenporl for $150, with costs amounting to $3.95. The\\ndefendant s only justification was that he acted as treasurer of the\\ntownship of Saginaw, and in the interest of the people.\\nTUK PROBATE COURT.\\nJan. 10, L836, the first entry was made in the record book of\\nthe Probate Jourt at Saginaw county. During the first ten years, up\\nto Jan. 10, L846, just LOO pages of the record were filled, and in\\nthose pages i- contained the whole probate business of the county\\nfor that period of time.\\nJUDGES I THE SAGINAW CIRCUIT COURT.\\nL837-Geo. Morrell, C. J.; G. D. Williams, A. J.; P. G. Gard-\\nner. A. J.\\nL839- 40\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Charles W. Whipple. C. J.; J. D. Williams, A. J.;\\n1 I rardner, A. J.\\nL841- 2\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Charles W. Whipple, C. J.; G.I). Williams, A. J.\\nElijah N. I avenport, A. J.\\nL845\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Charles W. Whipple. J.; G. D. Williams, A. J.;\\nAndrew Ore, A. J.\\nSanford M. Green, I J.. 1^49; Josiah Turner, 1857; W. J.\\nF. Woodworth, L859; Josiah Turner. 1859; W. F. Woodworth,\\nL860; James Birney, 1861; J. Sutherland, L864; Josiah Turner,\\n1-*;:.: J.G.Sutherland, 1866- 9; Charles E. Brown, 1869; J. G.\\nSutherland, 1869- 70; \u00c2\u00a5m. F. Mitchell, L870; John Moore, ls71- 3;\\n8. M. Green, L873; W. S. Tennant, L874- 8; Henry Hart, 1878;\\nWm. s. Tennant, L878- 80; Dewitt C. Gage, 1880- l; Chauncev II.\\nL881.\\nJUDGES of Till: PROBATE COURT.\\nAlbert Miller. 1836; Eleazer Jewett, 1845; Luke Wellington,\\nL861; tto Roeser, 1865-1881.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0323.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "320 HISTOEY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nPROSECUTING ATTORNEYS.\\nHiram S. Penoyer, 185(V1; Kichard B. Hall, 1852- 3; John\\nMoore, 1854- 7; William L. Webber, 1858- 9; William H. Sweet,\\nI860- 1 Chauncey.H. Gage, 1862- 5; Edwin H. Powers, 1866- 9;\\nDaniel P. Foote, 1870- l; William Gillett, 1872- 5; George A.\\nFlanders, 1876- 7; Lorenzo T. Durand, 1878- 81.\\nCIRCUIT COURT COMMISSIONERS.\\nCharles D. Little, 1852- 3; William L. Webber, 1854- 5; Jabez\\nG. Sutherland, 1856- 7; Augustus S. Gaylord, 1858- 61; Will-\\niam J. Loveland, 1862- 3; John J. Wheeler, 1861- 5 William A.\\nLewis, 1866- 9; Thomas M. James, 1870- 5; John J. Heeley, 1872-\\n5; James B. Peter, 1876-7; De Forrest Paine, 1876- 7; Frederick\\nAnneke, 1878- 9; John E. Nolan, 1878- 81; Herman Pistorius,\\n1880- l.\\nTHE PIONEER BAR.\\nThe pioneer lawyers of the county may be said to include all the\\nmembers of the profession residing within the county in 1866.\\nAmong the members of the profession, who settled here previous\\nto 1858, were Augustine Gaylord, Irving M. Smith, William Gillett,\\nJohn B. Dillingham, John Moore, E. C. Newell, H. S. Penoyer,\\nW. H. Sweet, C. D Little, John H. Sutherland, W. Benedict, Wm.\\nJ. Loveland, W. L. Webber, J. L. F. Fox, G Wheeler and D.\\nW. C. Gage. Together with those, were C. H. Freeman, S. P.\\nWright, James Birney, A. C. Maxwell and W. L. Sherman, of\\nLower Sagi-aw. From that period until 1866, the influx of legal\\ngentlemen, and additions to the bar from within the county,\\nswelled the list of lawyers. Messrs. Brown, James, Clark, Cam]),\\nGamble, Perkins, Hoyt, Sturtevant, Button, Harvey Joslin, E. H.\\nPowers, Lewis, Wisner, Herring, Flanders, Thompson, Brousseau,\\nJames Clark, Cross, F. L. Eaton, Hanchett, Miller, Cook and\\nFoote, are names well and favorablv known to the people since\\n1866.\\nTHE PRESENT BAR.\\nNames of the lawyers of the county in 1881 are as fol-\\nlows L. T. Durand, James W. Clark, William A. Clark, Wm.\\nA. Clark, jr., Frederick L. Eaton, Dan. P. Foote, Benton Han-\\nchett, Albert Trask, Gardner K. Grout, William H. Sweet, Gil-\\nbert M. Stark, N. S. Wood, Eugene M. Joslin, H. Pistorius,\\nFrederick E. Smith, Byron G. Stark, Thomas M. James, De Forest\\nPaine, Oscar H. Jannasch, C. Stuart Draper, C. H. Camp, Chaun-\\ncey H. Gage, L. C. Holden Kendrich, William J. Loveland,\\nDaniel W. Perkins, Harlan P. Smith, E. Wilber, William L. Web-\\nber, Chauncey W. Wisner, Geo. B. Brooks, Wheeler McKnight,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0324.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n321\\nOscar K. Wisner, W. R. Starr, H. H. Hoyt, Seth G. Huckins,\\nJames B. Peter, Bradley M. Thompson, Samuel M. Porter, Isaac\\nDelano. John II. McDonald, Heman B. Ferris, Jno. E. Nolan,\\nFrank E. Emerick, Cromwell Galpin, Michael Erennan, John\\nRfcArthnr, S. i. FTiggins, Timothy E. Tarsney, George W. Wead-\\nock, I. A. Edget, W. i. Gage, II. Miller, IlanlanP. Smith, George\\nA. Flanders, George Brucker, II. Moore, W. S. Tennant,\\nD. W. 0. Gage. John T. Hall and Bvron L. Ransford,\\nconnected with the profession until recently, have removed. In\\nthe pages devoted to biography sketches of many of these gentle-\\nmen are given.\\ntfcfl^ 4", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0325.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER X.\\nPOLITICAL.\\nThe interest taken in political matters by the people of Saginaw\\ncounty is deep indeed. Their principles are so well set that neither\\ntime nor change seems to affect them; so that he who was a Whig\\nin his earlier years is generally found in the ranks of the Republi-\\ncan party of the present time, and he who was a Democrat then\\nremains one still. There is, however, a tendency manifested to\\ncast away the tyranny of party for the privilege of an untrammeled\\nvote for the truest citizen. They do this, and, while acknowledg-\\ning the great benefits conferred upon the country by the two great\\nparties who claim to be the President-makers, yet they cannot\\noverlook the magnitude of the abuses which have entwined them-\\nselves with the present system and contribute to lessen that great\\nname which should cling to the greatest of governments.\\nThe followers of party in this county have not been silent when\\nthe commonwealth needed reforms; they have scanned the actions\\nof legislators with jealous eye, and rewarded or punished just in\\nsuch measure as justice pointeth, and thus secured a fair repre-\\nsentation in the councils of the Republic, as well as in these of the\\nState. Nativeism, sectionalism, know-nothingism, anddemonism or\\nreligionism in politics appear to be on the margin of the grave\\nsome of the vices already there; but enough remains to cause some\\nlittle disunion, and so destroy what would be otherwise a magnifi-\\ncent solidarity of public interests. Mercy, Justice and Patriotism\\nrequire every corner of the land for tenancy, so that sectionalism\\nand all its concomitant vices must yield must give place to what\\nis good and noble, and let peace rule on forever.\\nDuring the first few years of the county s history party lines\\nwere not acknowledged, nor conventions held, nor buncombe of\\nany kind indulged in. The first settlers were attached to the Jack-\\nson school of politicians. They saw in the general one who held\\nthe Constitution of the United States above all else. When in\\n1832 South Carolina assumed the right to nullify the laws\\nof the United States, and to oppose the collection of the revenue,\\nGen. Jackson, then President, acted, with his usual decision, to up-\\nhold the Union. He immediately ordered troops to South Carolina,\\nsent explicit instructions to the Collector of Charleston to perform\\nhis duty, and notified Calhoun that lie would be arrested on com-\\nmission of the first treasonable act. This action, together with the\\nterms of his proclamation, cemented, as it were, all political parties\\nunder one leader, and all ready to subscribe to his political belief,\\nwhich may be learned from the following extract:\\n(322)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0326.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 323\\nI consider, then, the power to annul a law of the United States\\nincompatible with the existence of the Union, contradicted expressly\\nby the letter of the Constitution, unauthorized by its spirit, incon-\\nsistent with every principle on which it was founded, and destructive\\nof the great object for which it was formed. To say that any State\\nmay at pleasure secede from the Union is to say that the United\\nStates are not a nation, because it would be a solecism to contend\\nthat any part of the nation might dissolve its connection with the\\nother part, to their injury or ruin, without committing any\\noffense. The States severally have not retained their en-\\ntire sovereignty. It has been shown that in becoming parts of a\\nnation they surrendered many of their essential parts of sover\\neignty. The right to make treaties, declare war, levy taxes, exer\\neise exclusive judicial and legislative powers, were allot them\\nfunctions of sovereign power. The States, then, for all of these\\nimportant purposes, were no longer sovereign. The\\nduty imposed on me by the Constitution, to take care that the laws\\nbe faithfully executed, shall be performed to the extent of the\\npowers vested in me by law.\\nIn those olden times an honest man was chosen on his merits,\\nand asked to represent this country, and not himself, in the halls of\\nthe legislature, in the supervisors court of Oakland, and again\\nin the board of this county. A reference to the election returns\\nsubscribed will prove this statement precise in every particular,\\n^l ears rolled on and still party lines remained unobserved. In\\n1836 there was an apparent tendency to party politics, but the\\neffort was comparatively a weak one. Two years later, in 1838,\\nthe abolitionist doctrine was received with favor on one side and\\nwith suspicion on the other. In 1840 Abolition and Liberty\\nwere the watchwords of the country, and four years later, the Val-\\nley sent forward a candidate for the Presidency, as the nominee of\\nthe Liberty party. James G. Birney, a native of Danville, Ky.,\\nwho settled here in 1841, was sent into the Held of political battles,\\nto contest it with Henry Clay on one side and James K. Polk on\\nthe other. Birney was honest, enthusiastic and honorable. In this\\nmatter he lived before his time, and as a result did not become an\\noccupant of the Presidential chair. His party acquiesced in the\\ndoctrine, laid down at that memorable meeting, held under the\\noaks at Jackson in 1854, and the name and fame of the Sons of\\nLiberty were henceforth embosomed in that party.\\nThe American party, organized immediately afterward, soon\\npassed away. In this county, its impracticable, unjust and un-\\nholy principles were stigmatized, and to the credit of the people,\\nmay it be said, entirely ignored. It was no more American in\\nprinciple than the tea tax was. The contest between the humble\\nAbraham Lincoln and the noted Stephen A. Douglas in I860 was\\ncharacteristically interesting. Here it was made a trial of power\\nbetween Democrats and Republicans.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0327.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "321 HISTORY OF SJLGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe election of Hon. T. Jerome as Representative in 1856 was\\none of the most stirring political contests held here. He was an\\nopponent of the proposed measure to organize a portion of this\\ncounty into a new county by the name of Bay, and consequently\\nwas opposed by Geo. Lord. Mr. Jerome was elected by a large\\nmajority. He opposed separation earnestly, but finally agreed\\nwith the majority in passing a bill authorizing the organization of\\nBay county, which was approved Feb. 17, 1857. The act was\\nsubmitted to the people. In the district now comprising Bay\\ncounty the number of votes in favor of separate organization was\\n201, against 11 dissents, but the unanimous vote of the people of\\nSaginaw county, as now known, opposed the measure. Under the\\nadvice of C. H. Freeman the people of Bay county ignored one\\nsection of the act, which gave power to the people of Saginaw to\\nvote on the question, and recognized their own voice in the matter.\\nAn election of county officials was held in June, 1857, which was\\nfollowed by a series of troubles, all resulting in bringing the mat-\\nter before the Supreme Court. The case was laid before the court\\nby Win. M. Fenton, a lawyer of Flint, acting under the advice of\\nC. H. Freeman, of Bay City. Hon. John Moore, of Saginaw, op-\\nposed the idea of organization, but the rights of the people of the\\nnorthern county were sustained, and the organization of the county\\ndeclared to be a matter of fact.\\nThe following communication, addressed to C. H. Freeman,\\nProsecuting Attorney of Bay county, Mich. under date of Detroit,\\nJune 11, 1858, contains the opinion of Atty. Gen. J. M. Howard,\\non the organization of the county and the jurisdiction of the courts:\\nYour two letters, one of the 5th and the other of the 7th inst.,\\nare at hand.\\n1. My opinion is that by Act No. 130 of the Session Laws of\\n1857, Iosco county was an organized county from and after the\\n17th of May, 1857, when that act took effect, and that until the\\ncounty officers were chosen, as provided in section 2 of the act, it\\nwas for judicial purposes attached to Bay county, under section 15\\nof Act 117 for the organization of the latter county, the last named\\nact being ordered to take effect on the day of its approval (Feb. 17,\\n1857).\\n2. I do not think these two acts inconsistent, nor, consequently,\\nthat Act 171 repeals Act 130,but that they can well stand together.\\n3. It is evident that in reorganizing the judicial circuits last\\nwinter, the Legislature did not recognize the fact that Bay county\\nwas duly organized for judicial purposes, but treated the territory\\nof which it is composed as belonging to Saginaw, Midland and Are-\\nnac; and when they provide, in section 1st, that the seventh circuit\\nshall be composed of the counties of Livingston, Shiawassee, Gen-\\nesee, Lapeer, Tuscola, and Saginaw, they mean Saginaw as it was\\nbounded before the passage of Act No. 171 of 1857; and that when\\nthey provide that the tenth circuit shall be composed of the coun-\\nties of Gratiot, Isabella, Midland, Iosco and Alpena, they mean\\nMidland as it was before the same act took effect. The county of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0328.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 325\\nAivnac had been merged in Bay county; and yet they attacli Are-\\nnac (comprising the northern and larger part of Bay county) to\\nMidland county for judicial and municipal purposes. Thus the\\npart of Bay county Formerly lying in Saginaw county is left in the\\nBeventh circuit; while the whole of Midland and Arenac counties,\\nas formerly defined, are included in the tenth circuit.\\nThat the whole \u00c2\u00bbf the old Arenac county and that part of Mid-\\nland falling within the limits of Bay county, are regularly within\\ntin jurisdiction of the circuit judge of the tenth circuit, 1 have no\\ndoubt, because by the terms of the act of 1858, the portions of ter-\\nritory arc plainly therein included; and as they both are attached to\\nMidland county for judicial purposes, I see no difficulty in the\\njudge treating them as a part of that county.\\nAs to that part of Saginaw county which now falls within the\\nlimits of Hay county, my opinion is that for all the purposes con-\\nnected with the Circuit Court, it must be treated as belonging to\\nSaginaw county and as falling within the seventh circuit; but for\\nall other purposes as a part of Bay county. This view of the\\nquestion may lead to some embarrassments, but none that are seri-\\nous, so far as I can foresee.\\nThe slight clerical error in the description of fractional town-\\nships 15, in ranges 4 and 5, by which they are placed in ranges 5\\nand 6, is not ofanv importance; the act plainly includes them in\\nBay county.\\nThis action of the Legislature and all the events in connection\\nwith the organization of Bay county, go to form one of the\\npolitical affairs which agitated the political circles of Saginaw to\\ntheir very depths.\\nIn lsc -t Geo. B. McClellan opposed the w r ar President. The\\nmerits of the former were many and much appreciated; but he who\\nproclaimed the abolition of slavery from the highest seat in the\\nI Fnion, was destined to continue in its occupation sometime longer.\\nIn 1868 Hon. Horatio Seymour, a Democrat, and a refined, en-\\nlightened statesman, was nominated to oppose the fortunate Grant.\\nNotwithstanding all the high qualifications which Mr. Seymour\\npossessed, the man of the epaulettes was elected. In 1872 he was\\nre-elected over the patriotic genius, Horace Greeley, as well as\\nover the independent candidates.\\nThe election of 1876 created much excitement in Saginaw politi-\\ncal circles during its progress. Owing to the quiet administration\\nof Mr. Hayes and the return of prosperity, the Republicans lost no\\nground by the political disputes consequent upon that election.\\nThroughout all the celebrated campaigns the citizens of Saginaw\\nhave as a rule voted in the interest of the Republic. They have\\nalways desired to witness the victory of virtue over vice, and have\\noften been rewarded by the result of their battles.\\nThe question of setting off part of the town of Kochville from\\nSaginaw county and attaching it to Bay county w r as brought before\\nthe Legislature April 20, 1881. When the bill was called Mr. Es-\\ntabrook rose to refute f the arguments of Mr. Partridge, of Bay", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0329.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "326 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncounty. The member for Saginaw talked and read for over an\\nhour, and was still at it when time was called at noon. He re-\\nsumed at 2 p. m. and continued his argument until 2:15 p. M.,when\\nMr. Cobb joined in the debate. He spoke for half an hour, and\\nwas followed by Bloom, of Detroit, who appeared for the Kochville\\nand Bay City side of the question. At about 3 p. m. Mr. Estabrook\\nopened again in refutation of the arguments advanced by Messrs.\\nBloom and Cobb. Gorman, the one-armed orator of Washtenaw\\ncounty, lifted up his voice for Bay City^ and the pleasant pastures\\nover the river, and Capt. Henry Woodruff of Farwell, formerly of\\nSaginaw, eloquently combatted the proposed session, on a point of\\nits being poor State policy.\\nFinally Mr.Yan Loo moved the previous question, shutting off all\\ndebate. A call of the House was ordered, which brought in most of the\\nmembers from the lobbies, where the eloquence had driven them,\\nand the vote was taken, resulting in 53 ayes to 27 nays. Mr. Esta-\\nbrook took the defeat very coolly, and by an apt remark prevented\\ngiving the bill immediate effect.\\nIt is said that the great majority of the people of Kochville de-\\nsired annexation to Bay county, on account of the little attention\\nbestowed upon that quarter of Saginaw by the County Board. The\\ncause and the effect should never have to be recorded.\\nIn the following pages the results of the various elections, so far\\nas this county is concerned, are given. It is not to be presumed,\\nhowever, that the majorities given for State officers or members of\\nthe United States Congress by this county, led to their election in\\nall cases.\\nELECTION RETURNS OF SAGINAW.\\nThe first election ever held in the county was that of April 4,\\n1831, which resulted in the choice of Gardner D. Williams as\\nsupervisor; Ephraim S. Williams, town clerk; A. W. Bacon,\\ntreasurer; David Stanard, overseer of Saginaw district; Eleazer\\nJewett, overseer of Green Point district, and Charles McLean, over-\\nseer of the Tittabawassee district. Those officers were elected viva\\nvoce by 13 citizens.\\nThe Presidential campaign of 1832 must have passed off quietly\\nhere, as there is no record of the vote taken. However, the Demo-\\ncratic Jackson had the sympathy of the few white men then resid-\\ning here.\\nA review of the elections since 1833 to the present time is given\\nin the following pages:", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0330.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n327\\nELECTION OF JULY 2, 1833.\\nRepresentative t Congress.\\nCharles C. Eascall, dem 31 3\\nGideon O. Whittemore, whig 28\\nScattering 3\\nELECTION OF APRIL 6, 1835.\\nTreasun r.\\nHarvey William-, whig\\nI lister of Deeds.\\nEphraim B. Williams, dem.\\n-runer.\\nEleazer Jewett, dem\\nBLE( TIOK OF OCT. 5, 6, 1835.\\nGovernor.\\nStevens T. Mason, lem 35 35\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nIsaac E. Crary, dem 45\\nState nator.\\neh r lea Eascall, dem 45\\nJohn Stockton, dem 45\\nEbenezer Raynale, dem 45\\nJohn Clarke, dem 45\\nState Representative.\\nIner D. Williams, dem.. 44 44\\nAdoption f Constitution.\\nFor Constitution 40 38\\nAgainst 2\\nELECTION OF NOV. 7, 8, 1836.\\nPresidential Electors.\\nDavid McKinstry, dem 65 1\\nDaniel Le Hoy. dem 66\\nWilliam Hoair. dem 64\\nState Si nator.\\n.1 acob Summers, don 73 1\\nRa d lolpta Maning, dem 72\\nJohn Clark, dem 63\\nT. I. Drake, whig 10\\nState Representative.\\nWilliam F. Mosley, dem.... 73 70\\nJeremiah Riggs dem 3\\nJuih/i of Probate.\\nAJberl Miller, dem 74 74\\nClerk.\\nWilliam P. Little, dem 76 76\\nTreasurer.\\nGardner D. Williams, don... 76 76\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nEphraim S. Williams, dem. 76 76\\nSheriff.\\nY. N.Davenport, dem 75 75\\nSurveyor.\\nEleazer Jewett, dem\\nCoroners.\\nAndrew Ore, dem\\nAsa Hill, dem\\nELECTION OF NOV. 6, 1838.\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nHezekiah G. Wells, whig... 95 13\\nIsaac E. Irary, dem 82\\nState Senator.\\nReuben S. Smith, whig 94 1\\nIra Porter, whig 93\\nJacob Summers, dem 84\\nEbenezer B. Harrington.dem. 81\\nState Representative.\\nNorman Little, whig 110 42\\nSamuel G. Watson, dem 68\\nClerk.\\nSamuel K. Hanhg, whig ..87 2\\nAmos Dixson, dem 85\\nTreasurer.\\nHarvey Williams, whig 109 42\\nJoseph J. Maiden, dem 67\\nRegister of Deeds-\\nHiram L. Miller, whig 92 5\\nEphraim S. Williams, dem. 87\\nSheriff.\\nElijah N. Davenport, dem. 99 21\\nAlpheus F. Williams, dem. 78\\nSurveyor.\\nJames McCormick, dem.... 99 20\\nEleazer Jewett, dem 79\\nCoroners.\\nPhineas Spalding, whig 96 11\\nGeorge Davis, whig 93 8\\nJeremy T. Miller, whig 85\\nEleazer Jewett, dem 79\\nELECTION OF NOV. 7, 1839.\\nGovernor.\\nElon Farnsworth, dem 83 23\\nWilliam Woodbridge, whig. 60\\nState Senator.\\nRobert Eldridge, dem 80 23\\nJustin Rice, whig 57\\nState Representative.\\nGardner D. Williams, dem.. 88 37\\nHiram L. Miller, whig 51\\nJudge of Probate.\\nAlbert Miller, dem 99 9\\nJeremy T. Miller, whig 90\\nClerk.\\nJoseph J. Maiden, dem 89 1\\nHorace S. Beach, whig 88\\nTreasurer.\\nCharles S. Palmer, whig 99 7\\nWilliam McDonald, dem 92", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0331.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "328\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nJoseph S. Sharp, dem 101 14\\nHorace S. Beach, whig 87\\nSheriff.\\nHenry Pratt, dem 97 10\\nGeorge W. Green, whig 87\\nSurveyor.\\nAlpheus F. Williams, dem.. 94 3\\nEleazer Jewett, dem 91\\nCoroners.\\nAbraham Butts, dem 98 4\\nHugh McCullock, dem 186 93\\nAlpheus F. Williams, dem. 94\\nCromwell Barney, whig 92\\nELECTION OF NOV. 3, 1840.\\nPresident.\\nMartin Van Buren, dem 100 11\\nW. H. Harrison, whig 89\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nAlpheus Felch, dem 96 5\\nJacob A. Howard, whig 91\\nstutt Senator.\\nDewitt C. Walker, dem 99 9\\nJames L. Conger, whig 90\\nState Representative.\\nHiram L. Miller, whig 94\\nJeremiah Riggs, dem 94\\nSpecial Election.\\nHiram L. Miller, whig 93 21\\nGardner D. Williams, dem.. 72\\nELECTION OF NOV. 1,2, 1841.\\nGovernor.\\nJohn S. Barry, dem 74\\nPhilo C. Fuller, whig 78 4\\nState Senator.\\nHiram L. Miller, whig 108 25\\nMoses Wisner, whig 83\\nDaniel B. Wakefield, dem. 55\\nIsaac Wixom, dem 46\\nState Representative.\\nNorman Little, whig. 89 40\\nElijah N. Davenport, dem. 49\\nSheriff {to -fill vacancy).\\nJames Kenney, whig 71 17\\nAlpheus F. Williams, dem... 54\\nSurveyor.\\nEleazer Jewett, dem 72 27\\nJames J. McCormick, whig. 45\\nELECTION OF NOV. 7, 8, 1842.\\nState Senator.\\nSanford M. Green, dem 104 26\\nGeorge W. Wisner, whig 78\\nState Representative.\\nNoah Beach, dem 70 6\\nLuke Wellington, whig 64\\nJeremiah Riggs, dem 53\\nClerk.\\nHiram L. Miller, whig 67 5\\nJoseph J. Maiden, dem 62\\nSidney S. Campbell, dem 19\\nTreasurer.\\nCharles S. Palmer, whig 124 66\\nAlbert Miller, dem 58\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nHorace S. Beach, whig 66 10\\nCharles L. Richman, whig. 56\\nSheriff.\\nJames Kenney, whig 97 16\\nElijah N. Davenport, dem. 81\\nSurveyor.\\nMartin L. Miller, whig 62 8\\nJames J. McCormick, dem. 54\\nCoroners.\\nHugh McCullock, dem 84 16\\nThomas Smith, dem 72 4\\nGeorge W. Bullock, whig. 68\\nA. P. Hayden, dem 62\\nELECTION OF NOV. 6, 7, 1843.\\nGovernor.\\nJohn S. Barry, dem .101 31\\nZina Pitcher, whig 70\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nJames B. Hunt, dem 101 30\\nThomas J. Drake, whig 71\\nSlate Senator.\\nJohnson Niles, dem 98\\nAlvin N. Hart, dem 98\\nJohn M. Lamb, whig 73\\nRufus Hosmer, whig 73\\nState Representative.\\nHiram L. Miller, whig Ill 51\\nThomas McCarty, dem 60\\nConstitutional Amendment.\\nFor Amendment 106 95\\nAgainst Amendment 11\\nELECTION OF NOV. 4, 5, 1844.\\nPresident.\\nHenry Clay, whig 107 3\\nJames K. Polk, dem 104\\nScattering 2\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nJames B. Hunt, dem 107 1\\nGeorge W. Wisner, whig. .106\\nState Senator.\\nHiram L. Miller, whig 115 15\\nGardner D. Williams, dem.. 100\\nState Representative.\\nCharles L. Richman, whig. ..105 34\\nAlfred Holmes, dem 71\\nJames G. Birney, abolition. 38", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0332.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "HISTOBY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n329\\nConstitutional Amendment.\\nFor Amendment 166 162\\nAmendment 8\\nJu h/t of Probatt\\nJharlefl B. Palmer, whig 115 16\\nAlbert Miller, dem 99\\nl lerk.\\nWilliam L. P. Little, dem 111 11\\nFrederick W. Backus, whig .100\\nTreasiiii r.\\nHiram L. .Miller, whig 10S 3\\nSidney B. Campbell, dem 105\\nRegisti r of Deeds.\\nHorace B. Beach, whig 125 40\\nThomas Simpson, dem 85\\nSheriff.\\nSamuel Gordon, whig 115 15\\nJoshua Blackmail, dem 100\\nSurveyor.\\nJames J. McCormick, dem. ..118 21\\nLuke Wellington, whig 97\\nC rn in rs.\\nElijah N. Davenport, dem. ..109 2\\nEbenezer Davis, dem 108 1\\nGruiUot, whig 107\\nWilliam Ken wick, whig 106\\nELECTION OF NOV. 4, 1845.\\nQom rnor.\\nAlpheus Felch, dem 89 2\\nStephen VTckery,dem 87\\nJames G. Birney, abolition... 9\\nStab Senator.\\nWilliam M. Fenton,dem.... 96 8\\nBanford M. Green, dem 96 8\\nWilliam Burbank, whig 88\\nJohn C. Gallop, whig 88\\nState Representative.\\nCharles 8. Palmer, whig 101 25\\nAlbert Miller, dem 86\\nELECTION OF NOV. 3, 1846.\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nKinsley S.Bingham, dem.. 108 18\\nV. Wisner, whig 90\\nState Senator.\\nAndrew Parsons, dem 130 32\\nJohnson Niles, dem 128 30\\nElijah B. Wit herbee, whig.. 98\\nJohn II. Button, whig 92\\nState Representative.\\nAlbert Miller, dem.... 137 46\\nWilliam II. Nelson, whig.. 91\\nlge of Probate.\\nEleazer Jewett, dem 127 27\\nLuke Wellington, whig 100\\n20\\nClerk.\\nAbsalom F. Hayden, dem.... 113 8\\nGeorge Davis, whig 106\\nTreasurer.\\nSamuel Gordon, whig 128 30\\nRoyal W. Jenny, dem 98\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nCoe Garratt, dem 129 38\\nDaniel Woodin, whig 91\\nSheriff.\\nJames H. Gotee, dem 115 19\\nEbenezer W. Perry, whig. 96\\nSurveyor.\\nJames J. McCormick, dem.. 129 29\\nHorace S. Beach, whig 100\\nCoroners.\\nThomas Rogers, dem 137 42\\nJoshua Blackmore, dem. 135 43\\nCaleb Gardner, whig 95\\nDavid G. Philbreck, whig. 92\\nELECTION OF NOV. 2, 1847.\\nGovernor.\\nEpaphroditus Ransom, dem. 156 42\\nJames M. Edmunds, wdiig. 114\\nState Senator.\\nAlvin N. Hart, to fill vacan-\\ncy, dem 157 44\\nJames Kipp, whig 113\\nEdward II. Thompson, dem. 157 44\\nJames McCabe, dem 157 44\\nDavid Bush, jr., whig.. 113\\nHenry W. Lord, whig 110\\nState Representative.\\nMurdock Fraser, dem 131 6\\nLuke Wellington, whig 124\\nELECTION OF NOV. 7, 1848.\\nPresident.\\nLewis Cass, dem 182 65\\nZachary Taylor, whig.- 118\\nM. Van Bureu, free soil 47\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nKinsley S. Bingham, dem. 185 67\\nGeorge H. Hazleton, whig. 118\\nJohn M. Lamb, whig 45\\nState Senator.\\nJonathan P. King, dem 282 64\\nAlvin N. Hart, dem 185 67\\nJohn Bacon, whig 118\\nlharles Draper, whig 118\\nThomas Curtis, free soil 34\\nJohn B. Barnes, free soil 34\\nState Representative.\\nAlfred Holmes, dem 188 36\\nRoyal C. Ripley, whig 152", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0333.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "330\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nJudge of Probati\\nEleazer Jewett, deni 183 35\\nDr George Davis, whig 148\\nClerk.\\nAlpheus F. Williams, dem.. 178 26\\nWilliam H. Nelson, whig. 152\\nTreasurer.\\nRoyal W. Jenny, dem 149\\nSamuel Gordon, whig 164 15\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nCoe Garratt, dem 210 86\\nOctaviua Thompson, whig. 134\\nSherif.\\nJerome H. Gotee, dem 193 46\\nCaleb Gardner, whig 14?\\nSurveyor.\\nJames J. McCormiek, dem.. 172\\nJoseph Lawrence, whig. 167\\nCoroners.\\nThomas Rogers, dem 203 64\\nPeter Lane, dem 194 55\\nDeuuis Harrison, whig 139\\nRufus P. Mason, whig 127\\nELECTION OF NOV. 6, 1849.\\nGovernor.\\nJohn S. Barry, dem 213 72\\nFlavius J. Littlejolm, abol..l4t\\nConstitutional Amendment.\\nFor Amendment 299 296\\nAgainst Amendment 3\\nState Senator.\\nThornton F. Broadhead,whig 214 20\\nNoah Beach, dem 194\\nState Representative.\\nThomas McCarty, dem 213\\nRufus P. Mason, whig 140\\nELECTION OF NOV. 5, 1850.\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nCharles C Hascall, dem 266 34\\nJames L. Conger, whig 232\\nState Senators.\\nSamuel Axford, dem 281 63\\nElijah J. Roberts, dem 280 62\\nSamuel Ashman, whig 218\\nSullivan R. Kelsey, whig.. 218\\nJohnson Niles, vacancy,dem. 224 1\\nJohn P. Leroy, vacancy,whig 223\\nState Representative.\\nJohn W. Turner, dem 319 241\\nNorman Little, whig 78\\nClerk.\\nAlpheus F. Williams, dem.. 301 115\\nHenry C. Ashman, whig. 186\\nTreasurer.\\nCoe Garratt, dem 229\\nSamuel Gordon, whig 270 41\\nRegister of Di ids.\\nPeter C. Andre, dem 264 35\\nTimothy Battell, whig 229\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nHiram S. Penoyer, dem 297 112\\nCharles J. Hunt, whig 185\\nSheriff.\\nIsaiah Bookstaver, dem 297 103\\nMenzo C. Stevens, whig. 194\\nSurveyor.\\nAbraham Butts, dem 264 33\\nHorace S. Beach, whig 231\\nCom m vs.\\nPeter Lane, dem 281 62\\nJerome H. Gotee, dem 281 63\\nIsrael Catlin, whig 219\\nAbner Hubbard, whig 218\\nELECTION OF NOV. 4, 1851.\\nGovernor.\\nRobert McClelland, dem.. 220 91\\nTownsend C. Gidley, whig.. 129\\nELECTION OF NOV. 2, 1852.\\nPresident.\\nFranklin Pierce, dem 694 327\\nWinfield Scott, whig 367\\nJohn P. Hale, abolition 73\\nGovernor.\\nRobert McClelland, dem 691\\nZachariah Chandler, whig. 374\\nIsaac P. Christiancy,free soil 67\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nHester L. Stevens, dem 660 283\\nGeorge Bradley, whig 377\\nEphraim Calkins, ab 40\\nState Senator.\\nDaniel Jolmson, dem 609\\nJohn H. Richardson, whig. 448\\nState Representative.\\nAlfred M. Hoyt, whig 425 34\\nJabez G. Sutherland, dem.... 391\\nFranklin Millard, free soil. 287\\nJudge of Probate.\\nEleazer Jewett, dem 649 193\\nHiram L. Miller, whig 456\\nClerk.\\nAugustus S. Gaylord, whig. 556 5\\nDion Birnej 7 dem 551\\nTreasurer.\\nSamuel Gordon, whig 615 132\\nPeter C. Andre, dem 483\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nCoe Garratt, dem 711 324\\nWilliam Binder, whig 387\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nRichard B. Hall, dem 661 236\\nHenry C. Ashman, whig... 435", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0334.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNT V.\\n331\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nCharles D. Little,dem 188\\nJain.- I. T, Fox, whig 427\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2iff.\\nJerome II. lotee, dem 718\\nWilliam Packard, whig.... 896\\noeyor.\\nAbraham Butts, dem 696\\nAlexander Alberti, whig.... 335\\nCharles W. Grant, dem 701\\nteorge E. Smith, dem 687\\nns Thompson, whig.. 433\\n1 x] t at 1 in. whig 238\\nELECTION OF Nov\\nGovernor.\\nJehu S. Harry, dem 651\\nKin-ley S. Bingham, rep. 517\\nongress.\\n_\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0096\u00a0 W. Peck, dem 701\\nMoses Wisner, rep 512\\nState Senator.\\nHenry J. Alvord, dem 693\\nCharles Kellogg, abol 352\\nJohn W. Lamb, fus 7-4\\nStati Representative.\\nJonathan S. Barclay, dem.. 404\\nHiram L. .Miller, dem 488\\nFranklin Millard, rep 144\\nClerk.\\nHiram T. Ferris, dem 660\\nistua 8. I laylord, rep.. 559\\nTreasurer.\\nJoshua Blackmore, dem 7 1 7\\nSamuel Gordon, rep 453\\nRegister of Da\\nJohn Parrish, jr., rep 607\\nPlacidua Ord, dem 297\\nCharles J). Little, dem 282\\nProst outing Attorney.\\nJohn Moore, dem 809\\nHenry Ashman, rep 272\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nWilliam L. Webber, dem. 779\\nJohn .Moure, dem\\nIsrael Catlin, rep 2\\nSheriff.\\nCharles W. Grant, dem 653\\nWillard Packard, rep 368\\nSurveyor.\\nsander Alberti, dem 713\\nDarwin A. Pettibone, rep... 459\\nOorom rs.\\nJules B. Hart, dem 702\\n1 Hess, dem 762\\n56\\n320\\n301\\n278\\n204\\n134\\n189\\n341\\n101\\n310\\n537\\n285\\n254\\n191\\n251\\nAdoniram Darin, rep 511\\n[srael Catlin. rep 480\\nELECTION OF NOV. 8, 1856\\nPresident.\\nJ. Buchanan, dem 1222 180\\nJ. Fremont, rep 1042\\nM. Fillmore, Amer 17\\nGovt mor.\\nAlpheus Felch, dem 1247 210\\nKinsley S. Bingham, rep. .1037\\nRepresentative to t ongress.\\nGeorge W. Peck, dem 1252 118\\nDewitt C. Leach, rep 1034\\nStatt Senator.\\nAlfred L. Williams dem. .1124\\nThomas Whitney, rep 1152 28\\nState Representative.\\nTimothy Jerome, dem 1222 105\\nGeorge Lord, rep 1057\\nJudge of Probate.\\nDewitt G. Gage, rep 1135\\nEleazer Jewett, dem 1149 14\\nCltrl:.\\nHiram T. Ferris, dem 1308 335\\nGeoige W. Sutton, rep 973\\nTreasurer.\\nJoshua Blackmore, dem 1449 600\\nCharles Post, rep 849\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nJohn Parrish, jr., rep 1196 299\\nHenry Flatare, dem 897\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nJohn Moore, dem 1294 306\\nStephen P. Wright, rep 988\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nJabez G. Sutherland, dem. .1254 230\\nWilliam J. Loveland, rep. ..1024\\nSheriff.\\nharles W. Grant, dem 1346 417\\nWillard Packard, rep 929\\nSurveyor.\\nAbraham Butts, dem 1127 60\\nD. A. Pettibone, rep 1067\\nCoroners.\\nJerome H. Gotee, dem 1242 194\\nJules B. Hart, dem 1242 194\\nOctavus Thompson, rep 1048\\nWilliam I. Craagge, rep 1039\\nELECTION OF NOV. 2, 1858.\\nGovernor.\\nCharles E. Stuart, dem 1069 280\\nMoses Wisner, rep 789\\nRepresentative in Congrest,\\nRobert W. Davie, dem 1028\\nI ewitt C. Leach, rep 8^3", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0335.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "332\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nState Senator.\\nRobert R.Thompson, dem... 1124 383\\nJames Birney, reb 741\\nState Representative.\\nJohn F. Driggs, rep 934 31\\nPeter C. Andre, dem 903\\nClerk.\\nCharles D. Little, dem 896\\nWilliam Moll, rep 943 47\\nTreasurer.\\nJoshua Blackmore, dem 1201 545\\nC. Eliakim Ripley, rep 656\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nGeorge Schmidt, dem 886 24\\nOliver P. Burt, rep 862\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nWilliam L.Webber, dem.. 973 101\\nWilliam H. Sweet, rep 872\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nGeorge B. Benedict, dem 856\\nAugustus S. Gaylord, rep... 1002 146\\nSheriff.\\nJohn W. Turner, dem 796 170\\nAsa H. Paine, rep 626\\nSurveyor.\\nLewis Loeffler, dem 979 101\\nDarwin A. Pettibone, rep. 878\\nCoroners.\\nJerome H. Gotee, dem 1076 257\\nReuben Fairchild, dem 1039 220\\nGeorge A. Lathrop, rep 819\\nOctavius Thompson, rep. 766\\nELECTION OF NOV. 6, 1860.\\nPresident.\\nA, Lincoln, rep 1479 272\\nS. A. Douglas, dem 1207\\nJohn Bell, Amer 8\\nGovernor.\\nAustin Blair, rep 1476 147\\nJohn S. Barry, dem 1229\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nRowland E. Trowbridge, rep..l477 264\\nEdward H. Thompson, dem..l213\\nState Senator.\\nJohn N. Ingersoll, rep 1514 337\\nWilliam L. Webber, dem. ...1177\\nState Representative.\\nBenjamin G. Hill, rep 1447 208\\nJabez G. Sutherland, dem. ..1239\\nJudge of Probate.\\nLuke Wellington, rep 1346 9\\nJohn Moore, dem 1337\\nClerk.\\nWilliam Moll, rep 1713 732\\nGeorge F. Ball, dem 981\\nTreasurer.\\nJoshua Blackmore, dem 1428 182\\nBenjamin F. Fisher, rep 1246\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nGeorge Veinrliet, rep 1427 165\\nGeorge Schmidt, dem 1262\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nWilliam H. Sweet, rep 1474 156\\nBradley M.Thompson, dem. .1218\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nAugustus S. Gaylord, rep. .1611 542\\nLester Cross, dem 1069\\nSheriff.\\nHenry Woodruff, rep 1461 241\\nJohn W. Turner, dem 1220\\nSurveyor.\\nIra W. La Munyon, rep. 1378 665\\nAlexander Alberti, dem 713\\nCoroners.\\nRobert Clark, rep 1481 249\\nCharles T. Disbrow, rep 1456 224\\nJerome H. Gotee, dem 1232\\nJesse L. Fisher, dem 1219\\nELECTION OF NOV. 4, 1862.\\nGovernor.\\nAustin Blair, rep 1106\\nByron G. Stout, dem 1354 248\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nJohn F. Driggs, rep 1100\\nJohn Moore, dem 1363 263\\nState Senator.\\nDavid H. Jerome, rep 1141\\nAppleton Stevens, dem 1323 182\\nState Representative.\\nSolomon B. Bliss, rep 603 59\\nJohn Gallagher, dem 544\\nClerk.\\nGeorge Schmidt, dem 1250 37\\nWilliam Moll, rep 1213\\nTreasurer.\\nWilliam J. Barton, dem 1355 249\\nVeeder W. Paine, rep 1106\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nJames N. Gotee, dem 1287 109\\nGeorge F. Veinrliet, rep 1178\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nChauncey H. Gage, dem 1312 163\\nWilliam H. Sweet, rep 1149\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nWilliam J. Loveland, rep 1297 127\\nPatrick Glynn, dem 1170\\nSheriff.\\nJesse H. Quackenbush, iem.1248 33\\nFranklin A. Curtis, rep 1215", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0336.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n333\\nSiitv, i/or.\\nLewis Loeffler, dem 1310 155\\nDarwin A Pettibone, rep. ,1158\\nAlbert G. Bissell, dem 1337 201\\nJohn B. White, dem 1332 196\\nLouis Baumgart, rep 1136\\nEthan Allen rep 1123\\nELECTION OF NOV. 8, 1864.\\nPresident.\\nGeo. B. McClellan, dem. .1900 169\\nA. Lincoln, rep 1731\\nmor.\\nWilliam M. Fenton, dem... 1911 189\\nHenry 11. Crapo, rep 1722\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nWilliam Willard, Jem 1872 113\\nJohn F. Driggs, rep 1759\\nStatt Senator.\\nGeorge Lord, dem 1882 127\\nDavid H. Jerome, rep 1755\\nState Representatiits.\\nFirst District\\nWilliam II. Taylor, rep 1033 194\\nDan. I Foote.dem 839\\nGeorge Luther 33\\n8eeond District\\nSamuel W. Yawkey, rep... 966 188\\nJohn G. Hubinger, dem. 848\\nJudge of Probate.\\notto Roeser,rep 1823 21\\nRobert R. Thompson, dem. .1802\\nClerk,\\nGeorge Schmidt, dem 1914 196\\nWilliam Mull, rep 1718\\nTreasurer.\\nThomas L. Jackson, dem. .1910 192\\nEmil Moures, rep 1718\\nlit gist a- oj Deeds.\\nJames N Gotee, dem 1956 286\\nThomas W. Hastings, dem. .1671)\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nChauncey II. Gage, dem 1881 124\\nChauncev W. Wisner, rep. .1753\\nnit Court Commissioner.\\nJohn I. Wheeler, dem 1891 143\\nDaniel W. Perkins, rep 1748\\n8h riff.\\nJesse H. Quackenbush, dem..l952 287\\nAugustus Lull, rep 1605\\nSurveyor.\\nLewis Loeffler, dem 1929 222\\nIra W. La Munyon, rep 1707\\nCoroners.\\nJohn R. White, dem 1910\\nJohn Era, dem 1907\\n[arael N. Smith, rep 1728\\nSeth Willey, rep 1729\\nELECTION OF NOV. 6, 1866.\\nGovi mar.\\nHenry II. Crapo, rep 2339\\nAlpheusS. Williams, dem.. 174!)\\nRepresentative Congress.\\nJohn F. Driggs, rep 2341\\nJulius K. Rose, dem 1742\\nState Senator.\\nDavid H. Jerome, rep 2352\\nJohn R. Cheesmer, dem 1725\\nState Representatives.\\nFirst District\\nWilliam II. Taylor, rep... 1132\\nJulius Brousseau, dem 973\\nSecond District.\\nGeorge K. Newcombe, rep... .1135\\nGeorge A. Flanders, dem 778\\nCli rk.\\nEdward Bloedon. rep 2180\\nHenan R. Ferris, dem 1869\\nTreasurer.\\nGideon A. Lyon, rep 2190\\nThomas L. Jackson, dem .1895\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nAlonzoL. Bingham, rep 2262\\nRolla Glover, dem 1809\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nEdwin H. Powers, rep .2306\\nDaniel P. Foote, dem 1777\\nC ircuit Court Commissioner\\nWilliam A. Lewis, rep 2364\\nJohn J. Wheeler, dem 1731\\nSheriff.\\nHenry Miller, rep 2482\\nEphraim W. Lyon, dem. .1600\\nSurveyor.\\nDarwin A. Pettibone, rep... .2353\\nLewis Loeffler, dem 1740\\nCoroners.\\nNehemiah Osborn, rep 2359\\nLyman W. Bliss, rep 2359\\nGeorge J. Northrup, dem 1744\\nJonathan G. Rouse, dem 1744\\nELECTION OF NOV. 3, 1868.\\nPresident.\\nU. S. Grant, rep 3360\\nHoratio Seymour, dem 2761\\nGovernor\\nHenry P. Baldwin, rep .3254\\nJohn Moore, dem 2767\\n181\\n178\\n590\\n599\\n627\\n159\\n357\\n311\\n295\\n453\\n529\\n633\\n882\\n613\\n615\\n615\\n599\\n487", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0337.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "334\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nRandolph Strickland, rep .3128 283\\nWilliam Newton, dera 2845\\nState Representatives.\\nFirst District:\\nPeter Lane, rep 1778 207\\nJoseph N. Eldral, dem 1571\\nSecond District.\\nSamuel W. Yawkey, rep 1507 271\\nMoses B. Yless, dem 1236\\nState Senator.\\nAlfred B. Wood, rep 5431 1258\\nJames L. Ketchum, dem... .4173\\nJudge of Probate.\\nOtto Roeser, rep 3466 843\\nGeorge M. Schaeffer, dem. .5623\\nClerk.\\nEdward Bloedon, rep 3127 277\\nHeman B. Ferris, dem 2950\\nT reasurer.\\nGideon A Lyon, rep 3267 443\\nThomas L. Jackson, dem. .2824\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nAlonzo L. Bingham, rep 3349 610\\nClark M. Curtis, dem 2739\\nProst cuiing Attorney.\\nEdwin H. Powers, rep 3290 480\\nWilliam A. Clark, dem 2810\\nCircuit Court Commissioners.\\nWilliam A. Lewis, rep 3340 580\\nDaniel P. Foote, dem 27(50\\nSheriff.\\nHenry Miller, rep 3567 1036\\nThomas E. Doughty, dem. ..2531\\nSurveyor.\\nIsaac H. Leavenworth, rep. 3298 544\\nLouis Loenier, dem 2754\\nCoroners.\\nTheodore Krauss, rep 3348 592\\nNeheniiah Os orn, rep 3346 590\\nJ. H.White, dem 2756\\nW. H. P.Benjamin, dem ..2755\\nELECTION OF NOV. 8, 1870.\\nGovernor.\\nHenry P. Baldwin, rep 2882 391\\nCharles H. Comstock, dem.. 2491\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nJohn F. Driggs, rep 2250\\nJabez G. Sutherland, dem. .2832 582\\nState Senator.\\nAlfred B. Wood, rep 4745 956\\nohn Jeffred, dem 3789\\nState Representatives.\\nFirst District.\\nIsrael N. Smith, rep 1402\\nCharles D. Little, dem 1534 132\\nSecond District:\\nJohn J. Wheeler, dem 1120\\nBerohard Haack, rep 1259 139\\nClerk.\\nFred. B. Sweet, rep 3104 898\\nGeorge F. Lew r is, dem 2206\\nTreasurer.\\nGeorge F. Van Fliet, rep .2808 289\\nThomas R. Mosher, dem. ...2519\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nJerome K. Stevens, rep 2888 503\\nWilliam J, Howard, dem. ..2385\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nDaniel P. Foote, dem 2659 3\\nDaniel W. Perkins, rep 2056\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nThomas M. James, rep 2899 380\\nFrederick L. Eaton, dem. .2519\\nSheriff.\\nAustin L. Rankin, rep 2881 453\\nOrange S. Thompson, dem. .2428\\nSurveyor.\\nIsaac, H. Leavenworth, rep 2850 330\\nLouis Loeffler, dem 2520\\nCoroners.\\nDaniel Forrest, rep 2796 214\\nHenry Miller, rep 2761 189\\nBenjamin B. Ross, dem 2582\\nJohn B. White, dem 2430\\nELECTION OF NOV. 5, 1872.\\nPresidt nt.\\nIT. S. Grant, rep 3674 1021\\nHorace Greeley, lib. rep 2653\\nChas O Conor, dem 139\\nScattering 10\\nGovernor.\\nJohn J. Bagley, rep 3705 971\\nAustin Blair, dem 2734\\nRepresentat ve to Congress.\\nChauncey W. Wisner, dem.3620 743\\nNathan B. Bradley, rep 2877\\nState Senator.\\nCharles V. De Land, rep. .3499 518\\nJoshua Tuthill, dem 2981\\nState Representative.\\nThomas C. Ripley, rep 1081\\nCharles D. Little, dem 972\\nSecond District\\nConrad Fay, rep 1274 273\\nBradley M. Thompson, dem. 1001\\nThird District\\nFrancis Ackley, rep 1184 239\\nJared Freeman, dem 945\\nJudge of Probate.\\nOtto Roeser, rep 4044 1554\\nJulius K. Rose, dem 2490", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0338.jp2"}, "339": {"fulltext": "HI8T0RY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n335\\nt 7, rk.\\nFred B. Sweet, rep 1297 2083\\nWilliam Eremer, dem 2214\\nmrer.\\n\u00c2\u00bbrge F. Van Fliet, rep. 1294 2029\\nJohn L. Krafft, dem 2265\\nRegis i r of Deeds.\\nJerome K. Stevens, rep 4428 2867\\nAaron A. Parsons, dem .2061\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nWilliam Gillett, rep 3902 1291\\niel P. Foote, dem 2611\\nnissioner.\\nThomas M. James, rep ....3811 1046\\nJohn J Beeley, rep ::^or 1042\\ncm s. Wood, dem 2585\\nGeorge a. Fl inders, dem. .2765\\nSheriff.\\nReuben W. Andrus, rep.... 3544 574\\nT. Daily Mower.dem 21)70\\nSurveyor.\\nII. Leavenworth, rep. 3801 1086\\nLouis Loeffler, dem 2715\\ni oroners.\\nDaniel Forrest, rep 3967 1336\\nWilliam P. Burdick, rep. ..3775 1144\\nGeorge Maurer, dem 2631\\nGregory Adams, dem 2572\\nELECTION OF NOV. 3, 1874.\\nGov* rnor.\\nJohn J. Bagley, rep 2637\\nHenry Chamberlain, dem.. .3416 779\\nReprest itative to Congress.\\nNathan B. Bradley, rep 2030\\nrge F. Lewis, dem 3432 802\\nstall Senator.\\nEzra Hush, rep 2723\\nWilliam L. Webber, dem.. 3372 649\\nStaii Represt ntatives.\\nFirst District.\\nThomas C. Ripley, rep 078\\nCharles I). Little, dem 1216 538\\nSecond District.\\nDaniel Forrest, rep 895\\nJoseph A. Hollon, dem 1189 294\\nThird District.\\nFrancis Ackley, rep 843\\nWilliam H.P.Benjamin,deml 192 24g\\nClerk.\\nFre 1 B Sweet, rep 3221 531\\nJoseph C. Leonard, dem. .2693\\nTruism-, r\\nee F. Vanfliet, rep. 2628 -A\\nThomas R. Mosher, dem. .2589\\nELECTION OF NOV. 7, 18\\nPresident.\\nR. B. Bayes, rep..; 4182\\nis. J. Tilden, dem 1850\\nGovt rnor.\\nCharles M. Croswell, rep. ..3982\\nWilliam L. Webber, dem. .5051\\nRepresentative to Congress.\\nCharles C. Ellsworth, rep. ..4132\\nFred II. Potter, dem 4906\\nStale Sena or.\\nCharles L. Draper, rep 4510\\nDan. P. Foote, dem 4513\\nState Representatives.\\nFirst District\\nCharles D. Little, dem 1613\\nGardner K. Grout, rep 1179\\nSecond District\\nHerbert H. Boyt, rep 1402\\nLawson C. Holden, dem. 1412\\nThird District\\nGeorge W. Sackridge, dem. 1760\\nLouis P. Racine, rep 1560\\nliegtsti r of Deeds.\\nJerome K. Stevens, rep. .3000\\nPorter Davenport, dem.... 2553\\nPresecuting Atto rn ey.\\nWilliam Gillett, rep 3045\\nWilliam A. Clark, dem 2812\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nThomas M. James, rep 2700\\nJohn J. Heeley, rep 2438\\nJames B. Peter, dem 3124\\nDe Forest Paine, dem 2802\\nSherif.\\nReuben W. Andrus, rep. .21 10\\nMurlin C. Osborn, dem 2625\\nSurveyor.\\nIsaac II. Leavenworth, rep. .2466\\nWilliam Brenner, dem 3122\\nCoroners.\\nAndrew Mclnnes, rep 2488\\nWilliam P. Burdick, rep. .2257\\nJohn B. White, dem 3201\\nWilliam Ballard, dem 3062\\nJudgi of Probate.\\nOtto Koeser, rep 4525\\nJosepb N. Eldred, dem.. .4488\\nClerk.\\nCharles H. Richmond, rep. .4144\\nByron G. Stark, dem 4807\\nTreasurer.\\nHerman Goeschel, rep 44^8\\nJacob Schwartz, dem 4503\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nTheodore L. Brundage, rtp. .3977\\nFrank Lawrence, dem 4774\\n76.\\n668\\n1069\\n774\\n434\\n200\\n447\\n233\\n424\\n102\\n115\\n056\\n713\\n574\\n37\\n663\\n15\\n797", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0339.jp2"}, "340": {"fulltext": "336\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nAlbert Trask, rep 4006\\nGeorge A Flanders, dein 4981 975\\nCircuit Court Commissioner.\\nLozine A. Hurlburt rep 4270\\nWilliam G. Gage, rep 4237\\nJames B. Peter, dem 4710 440\\nDeForest Paine, dem 4832 562\\nSheriff.\\nJohn Barter, rep 4357\\nJames F. Adams, dem 4651 294\\nSurveyor.\\nIsaac H. Leavenworth, rep. .4159\\nHarrison Cary, dem 4847 688\\nCoroners.\\nSamuel Kitchen, rep 4226\\nSidney I. Small, rep 4286\\nCharles T. Martin, d m 4845 559\\nDaugald Mclntyre, dem 4720 434\\nELECTION OF NOV. 5, 1878.\\nGovernor.\\nOrlando M. Barnes, dem 3099 332\\nCharles M. Croswell, rep. ...2767\\nHenry I. Smith, gr nb k. .1960\\nWalson Snyder, proh 84\\nRepresentatives to Congress.\\nBradley M. Thompson, dem. 3129 1591\\nRoswell G. Horr, rep 1538\\nHerbert H. Hoyt, greenback 1910\\nState Senator.\\nWilliam H. P. Benjamin, d.3093 352\\nGardner K. Grout, rep 2741\\nBenjamin J. Downing, g b k 1965\\nState Representatives.\\nFirst District\\nWillard Shattuck, dem 1021 280\\nMyron Butman, rep 741\\nBartholomew Griffin, gr nb k. 671\\nSecond District:\\nByron B. Bach, dem 808\\nJohn S. Estabrook, rep 1047 239\\nDaniel Forest, gr nb k 751\\nThird District:\\nGeorge F. Vienfliet, rep 1094 80\\nGeorge M. Williams, dem.. .1014\\nJames W. Morse, gr nb k. 615\\nClerk.\\nByron G. Stark, dem 3300 907\\nLeroy C. Driggs, rep 2 93\\nTreasurer.\\nJohn C. Valentine, dem 3017 98\\nAlexander Ferguson, rep. .2919\\nWells W. Parshall 73\\nRegister of Deeds.\\nFrank Lawrence, dem 3140 428\\nFred W, Koch, rep 2712\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nLorenzo T. Durand, dem ...3215 631\\nWilliam H. Sweet, rep ..2584\\nLawson C. Holden, gr nb k. .2027\\nCircuit Court Commissioners.\\nFrederick Ann eke, dem 3089 251\\nJohn E Nolan, dem 3221 383\\nEugene M. Joslin, rep 2744\\nJohn Mc Arthur, rep 2838\\nSamuel M. Porter, gr nb k.. .1883\\nWilliam A. Clark, gr nb k. .1650\\nSheriff.\\nJames F. Adams, dem 3246 637\\nSolomon B. Bliss, rep 1977\\nCharles C. Miller, greenback2609\\nSurveyor.\\nHarrison Gary, dem 3154 347\\nIsaac H. Leavenworth, rep. .2807\\nJames Bean, greenback. .1933\\nCoroners.\\nBenjamin B. Ross, dem 3120 339\\nCharles E. Brenner, dem. .3092 311\\nSidney I Small, rep 2781\\nJonathan S. Rouse, rep 2743\\nManasseh Dougherty, gr nb k 1946\\nDr. Titus Duncan, gr nb k. .199 I\\nDaniel H. Cheeney 79\\nA. J. Kniffin 79\\nELECTION OF NOV. 2, 1880.\\nPresident.\\nJames A. Garfield, rep .5208\\nW. S. Hancock, dem 5234 26\\nJ. B. Weaver, greenback. .609\\nGovernor.\\nDavid H. Jerome, rep 4994\\nFrederick M. Holloway, dem. 5506 612\\nRepresentatives to Congress.\\nRoswell G. Horr, rep 4829\\nTimothy E. Tarsney, dem 580 1 972\\nState Senator.\\nJohn Welch, rep 5471 461\\nWilliam H. P. Benjamin,dem50l0\\nDavid Geddes, greenback 597\\nState Rep resi ntatives.\\nFirst District\\nRobert J. Birney, rep 1511\\nJacob Knapp, dem 1695 184\\nElias C. Andre, gr nb k 195\\nSecond District\\nJohn S. Estabrook, rep 1573 2\\nFrank Lawrence, dem 1337\\nDaniel Forrest, gr nb k 603\\nThird District\\nHawley J. Hopkins, rep. .1917 92\\nArthur Ross, dem 1825\\nGeorge A. Wallace, gr nb k.. 293\\nJudge of Probate.\\nOtto Roeser, rep 5439 364\\nJulius K. Rose, dem 5075\\nThomas W. Newrick, gr nb k503", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0340.jp2"}, "341": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY,\\n337\\nC? rk.\\nFred B. Sweet, rep 5452 404\\nHiram W. Robinson, dem. 4988\\nj li I). Wilson, gr nb k. 4 s\\ntun r.\\nAlexander Furguson, rep. .5285 48\\nJohn c. Valentine, dem 5237\\nJohn M 180E Q. B 552\\nRirjisd r of Deeds.\\nCbarlee Shaw, rep 5279\\nHerman B. Zwerk, dem.... 5475 196\\nBenjamin J. Downing, g. b. 95\\nProsecuting Attorney.\\nrl Trask, rep 5133\\nLorenzo T. Durand, dem 5430 297\\n.Samuel M. Porter, greenba k 520\\nCircuit Court Commissioners.\\nSamuel G. Higgin3, rep 5188\\nHerman Pistorius, rep 5293 26\\nJohn E. Nolan, dem 5333 40\\nFrederick Anneke. dem 5207\\nSheriff.\\nHenry Miller, reo 5590 660\\nWilliam Reins, dem 4930\\nSurveyor.\\nSolomon C. Goodale, rep. .5325 40\\nWilliam Brenner, dem 5185\\nHenry Q. Rothwell, gr nb k. .593\\norom rs.\\nJonathan S. House, rep 5836\\nSylvester C. J. Ostrom, rep. .5334\\nNewton D. Lee. dem 5262 20\\nJohn Scanlan, dem 5201 25\\nW illiam T. Arnold, gr nb k. 599\\nEdward S. Dunbar, gr nb k. 5!\u00c2\u00bb5\\nELECTION OF APRIL, 1881.\\nCircuit Judge.\\nDeWitt C. Gage, rep 4050\\nChauncey H. Gage, dem... 4811 761\\nJustices of the Supreme Court.\\nAugustus O. Baldwin, dem. .3322\\nIsaac Marstnn, rep 4002 680\\nJohn B. Shipman, gr nb k. .1151\\nCharles G. Hyde, temperance 251\\nRegi nts of tJu Un ivt nity.\\nJames F. Joy, rep 3933\\nAustin Blair, rep 3931\\nGeo. V.N. Lothrop, dem... 3564\\nHenry Fralick, dem 3564\\nCharles J. Willette, gr nb k. 1117\\nDavid Parsons, gr nb k 1117\\nIsaac W. McKeene, tem nce. 234\\nEdward C. Newell do. 234\\nAmendments to the Constitution.\\nRelativ( to Penal Fines\\nYes 1343\\nNo 248\\nEelitivt to the Clerk of the Supreme\\nCourt.\\nYes 1883\\nNo 170\\nRelative to Circuit Court\\nYes 1446\\nNo 238", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0341.jp2"}, "342": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XL\\nTHE CONQUERORS OF REBELLION.\\nAs the history of the civil war comes next in importance to that\\nof the Revolution, and as it is entwined more closely with the newer\\nStates and their various districts, it is just that, as the work of\\nthe writer proceeds, he should pass in review what one new State\\nhas done for the Union, and make special mention of those gallant\\nmen who left their homes to join the thousands who appeared upon\\nthe field in defense of all these precious liberties under which they\\nlived, and for the preservation of the most sublime political union\\nthat ever bound great States together. In April, 1S61, immediately\\nafter the wire flashed the Presidential call for volunteers, the people\\nof Michigan rushed forward to respond. Perhaps, throughout all\\nthe land, there were no more earnest respondents than the men of\\nSaginaw. Organization was earnestly entered upon, and when the\\ncrisis arrived, few, if any, counties surpassed this northern one in\\ncelerity of military movement, or in the number and quality of the\\nmen and officers sent forth to the field.\\nIn this history of Saginaw in the war for the Union, each regi-\\nment sent forward claims a very full notice. This is due to the\\ncounty, for in each battalion of patriots it had a representation.\\nOn this account, and also for the purpose of rendering the history\\nof the period more familiar, the writer deems it a matter of great\\nconsequence to deal with the subject as extensively as the plan of\\nthe work will allow. In the first part of the chapter the military\\nhistory proper is given, and this is succeeded by the personal his-\\ntory, in which the names of the soldiers of this county who died\\nduring the war, and of those who survived to be discharged with\\ntheir honors, are recorded. To the collation of facts much care has\\nbeen given, and if an error should appear, it must be credited to a\\ngenerally accepted theory rather than to a want of attention or\\ncarelessness in compilation.\\nThe proclamation of President Lincoln was issued April 15, 1861.\\nThe day following, that of Gov. Blair, addressed to the people of\\nMichigan, was made public, and on the same day the East Saginaw\\nLight Guards received orders to go into training. The proclama-\\ntion of the Governor of Michigan appeared in the local journals of\\nthe two cities April IS, and four days later one of the greatest\\nmeetings held to consider the best means of defending the Union\\ndid honor to the people. On that Monday of the eventful April of\\n1861, 3,000 citizens of the Saginaws assembled to devise such\\nmeasures as would correspond with the desires of the general Gov-\\n(338)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0342.jp2"}, "343": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 339\\nernment and those of the State. The people massed on Genesee\\nstreet. East Saginaw, and were addressed by J. B. Dillingham,\\nfrom a platform erected in front of the Bancroft House. There was\\nlittle time spent in speculative philosophy, the orator proceeding at\\nonce to organize the meeting. He nominated Col. L. P. Little for\\nchairman; John Moore, Geo. W. Bullock, J. G. Sutherland, C. B.\\n.Mutt. W. L. Webber, D. A. Pettibone, B. F. Fisher, J. Quacken-\\nbnsh and F. 1 Babcock, vice presidents; S. B. Bliss, B. M. Thomp-\\nson, W. J. Barton and V. A. Paine, secretaries.\\nCol. Little said that The war, with all its horrors, had begun.\\nThe oapitol is surrounded with enemies. This is no time for in-\\nquiring into the cause; it is sufficient that the stars and stripes are\\nlied, and we must meet this condition of things as it behooves\\n.ve must furnish our quota of men and means.\\nHon. John Moore said, that having enlisted for the war, he\\nwould respond to a call made by the meeting. The war has com-\\nmenced; the fight has begun, and cursed be he who would not\\ndefend his country s honor. The time has passed when we shall be\\nknown as Democrats or Republicans; the man who will stand by\\nand say that he will not stand to defend the flag of his country is a\\ntraitor in his heart. I stand by the Government, no matter by what\\nname it may be called. The administration has done all it could\\ndo; it has sought to avoid that which is now upon us. The traitors\\nhave, notwithstanding all this, precipitated the country into a civil\\nwar, and if we must tight, I am in favor of having a big fight, and\\nteach a lesson to those traitors. The Saginaw City Guard is pledged\\nto go to the defense of the country, and I am informed that the\\ncompany here is ready. We can well risk the honor of Saginaw in\\ntheir hands. While they go, we should provide for their families.\\nThe speech of Mr. Moore was followed by the reading of a resolu-\\nolution, carried unanimously by the members of the Saginaw City\\nGuard.\\nThe offer of H. W. Trowbridge to raise a military company was\\naccepted in the following terms: Whereas, This meeting has re-\\nceived the offer of H. W. Trowbridge, Esq., to raise a company of\\ninfantry, 60 strong, to defend our country s honor, with emotions\\nof pleasure, knowing, as we do, that Mr. Trowbridge is fully capa-\\nble of taking the command of such a company, therefore be it re-\\ned that the Governor be requested to bestow upon Mr. Trow-\\nbridge the commission of captain, that he may have fulll power to\\nraise such company.\\nA letter from the captain of the Saginaw City Guards, addressed\\nto Col. Little, was read before the meeting. Its tenor was as\\nfollow-:\\nI desire in this public manner to express my thanks to John Parrish, Esq., for\\nthe present of a Colt s revovler to be used in defense of my country s flag, and it is\\nmy determination never to return with dishonor to my home in the Saginaw\\nValley. Henry Miller.\\nCaptain of Saginaw City Light Infantry.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0343.jp2"}, "344": {"fulltext": "3-iO HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe sinking of the Star-Spangled Banner, with an additional\\nstanza by Mr. Warrie, was one of the happiest efforts of a great\\nmultitude in the musical world. All seemed so imbued with the\\nspirit of the time that each one present took a part in the rendition\\nof this magnificent national hymn. To the original four verses a\\nfifth verse was written for this occasion, as follows:\\nAnd now, though its honor is shrouded in gloom,\\nAnd its stripes with the blood of its brave sons are tarnished.\\nYet the traitors shall meet with a merited doom\\nAnd the flag of our country with victory be garnished.\\nNeath the folds then repair, as they wave to the air,\\nAnd show to the world that its stars are all there,\\nAnd the star-spangled banner shall evermore wave\\nO er the land of the free and the home of the brave.\\nRev. A. M. Fitch said he was on the right side of the question\\nhe never read a word or sentence against the Government and there\\nis not a single reason why he should not now step forward and\\nvindicate the justice of our cause, even at the sacrifice of blood.\\nHe had heard the tales of the Revolution, and he believed there\\nwas now the same incentive to action as there was then. The man\\nwho would not defend the honor of his country should not receive\\nthe smile of a single woman. The wives and children shall be\\ncared for while the soldiers are following their country s battles.\\nDr. H. H. C. Driggs offered his services as surgeon to the troops\\nduring the war, and a resolution of conditional acceptance was\\npassed. B. M. Thompson, Harvey Joslin, Hon. John F. Driggs,\\nBenj. F. Fisher, Hiram L. Miller and A. A. Parsons addressed the\\nmeeting, each dwelling on the responsibility of citizens, their\\nduties to the Republic and to human liberty. W. L. AVebber,\\nchairman of a committee on resolutions appointed immediately\\nafter the organization of the meeting, read the following series:\\nWhfreas, Our country is now distracted by civil war, which has been com-\\nmenced by rebels in arms against the Government, and we, the people of Saginaw\\nand county, without d stinctionof party, have convened for the purpose of express-\\ning our views in relation to the awful calamity impending over the nation there-\\nfore,\\nResolved, That political divisions among the people are solely with reference to\\nthe policy by which the Government should shape its action, and are entirely con-\\nsistent with united devotion to the Government itself.\\nResolved, That we regard the doctrine of secession, claimed by certain citizens\\nof the United States to exist, as a dangerous heresy, and as being no other or better\\nthan revolution (rebellion) against the Government.\\nBesolved, That in our judgment, ignoring past difference ota political questions,\\nit is the duty of every citizen to give his support to the Government of the coun-\\ntry, with such united firmness and loyalty as to show to the world that we are\\nworthy citizens of the best government the world has ever known.\\nResolved, That we duly appreciate the soldier-like promptness with which the\\nvarious military companies of the Valley have responded to the call of our Gov-\\nernor, and that we hereby pledge our honor as men to sustain the families of\\nsuch as go forth to maintain the flag of our country.\\nResolved, That the Common Council of East Saginaw be requested to appropri-\\nate $2,000 for the support of the families of those of this city who shall volunteer in\\ntheir country s service.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0344.jp2"}, "345": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 341\\nAll these resolutions were carried, and the immense gathering\\ndispersed after cheering for the Union, the Constitution, and the\\nStar-Spangled Banner.\\nThe council of the city of East Saginaw, at a meeting held on\\nthe 24th, decided to leave the matter of appropriating $2,000\\nbefore the people, and ordered the polls to be open on Monday,\\nApril 29, for that purpose. The vote was a most substantial\\nrecognition of what was due to the country and the wives and\\nfamilies of the volunteers.\\nHISTORICAL BRIEFLETS.\\nMayor Mott and W. F. Glasby set an example which does credit\\nto the State. They agreed with the soldiers not to charge them\\ninterest on money due for city lots, which they purchased, and\\nfurther promised that in case of the death of any volunteer owing\\nmoney on such lots, a full title would be granted to his widow,\\nunconditionally, securing her in possession.\\nI n July 2, 1862, the President called for 500,000 men, and the\\nWar Department assigned 11,686 as the quota of Michigan. This\\nwas followed by an order from the State Department for the\\norganization of the 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22d and 23d regiments,\\nthe latter under Col. D. H. Jerome, to be organized at East Saginaw.\\nAddison Brewer, Commissioner, Hiram C. Driggs, Surgeon,\\nwere commissioned officers for carrying the draft into effect.\\nH. C. Farrand, of East Saginaw, was among the volunteer sur-\\ngeons of the State.\\nAmong the military officers of the State during the war were\\nDavid II. Jerome, aid-de-camp on the staff of the Governor, and\\nmember of the State Military Board, with DeWitt C. Cage, Judge\\nAdvocate.\\n.1 uly 29, 1864, Hon. John F. Driggs was appointed to take charge\\nof the organization of the 31st Michigan Infantry. This was the\\nrirst of the new regiments to leave the State. Striking camp at\\nnaw Oct. 6, 1S64, it left the same day for Nashville, Tenn.\\nI. S. Estabrook, of the military election commissioners, took the\\nvote of the 1st and 16th Michigan regiments, in October, 1864,\\nthen serving with the Army of the Potomac.\\nThe aggregate expenditures of the county for war purposes, up to\\nand including the year 1866, was $158,099.59. The various sums\\nof money granted by the county to th^ families of the volunteers,\\naggregated *81,000. The donations of money, clothing, etc., etc.,\\namounted to about $7,000. The direct expenditures amounted to\\n*_ K .099.59, a great sum of money, when the condition of the\\ncountry at that time is considered.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0345.jp2"}, "346": {"fulltext": "342\\nHISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTHE EAST SAGINAW LIGHT GUARD\\nJohn Leidliu.\\nMichael Bayer.\\nBerhard Bier.\\nJohn Nerretor.\\nJoseph Haag.\\nDavid Schroeigerte.\\nJacob Schroth.\\nJohn Bush.\\nUrban Reichel.\\nDonat Fettig.\\nChris. Schlatterrer.\\nFritz Techethin.\\nAnton Schmitz.\\nFred Boger.\\nGeo. H. Stoltz.\\nJohn Frost.\\nChris. Hendrichs.\\nFritz Lange.\\nJohn Eanklaz.\\nFritz Fischer.\\nJoseph Lense.\\nGoffprind Denhly.\\nFritz Oland.\\nJohn Witz.\\nMartin Kremer.\\nGustave Werschky.\\nJames A. Scott.\\nWm, Eshenbury.\\nAugust Kremer.\\nI eodor Bencke.\\nJohn Strank.\\nValentine Herb irt.\\nFried Genther.\\nHerman Krause.\\nJohn Dobson.\\nThomas Dramble.\\nFrank Otto.\\nJames H. Robertson.\\nHenry Howe.\\nGilbert Norton.\\nJohn Ryan.\\nJohn Ch. Freyler\\nFrancis Moore.\\nJames Leonard.\\nWm. Lange.\\nGeo. B. Richardson.\\nRichard Luster.\\nCharles Peters.\\nLeonhard Holzinger.\\nCharles Hiegel.\\nPhilip Hairg.\\nperfected its organization April 19, 1861, under Capt. William\\nKremer, with First and Second Lieutenants Emil Moores and\\nThe volunteers comprised the following citizens:\\nEmil Flatan.\\nCharles Gonnia.\\nHugh Mills.\\nJacob Kremer.\\nGeorge Baur.\\nGustave Reigle.\\nChristoph Rietz.\\nJohn Rutz.\\nF. C. Brennett.\\nGeo. Wheeler.\\nAlbert Hibbert.\\nWilliam Phillips.\\nJohn Hittermeir.\\nJohn Schmidt.\\nMartin Reihl.\\nAlins Sailor.\\nFranz Kleinfield.\\nFrank Schmelzer.\\nMichael Rapp.\\nFred. Schulz.\\nHenrich Heinlein.\\nJohn Ode.\\nHenry Heldebrand.\\nCharles Lechantin.\\nNicolaus Therry.\\nLouis Kurzmann.\\nThe troops forming the command of Capt. Kremer Jeft Saginaw\\nen route for Detroit April 30, 1861, and arrived there on the eve-\\nning of May 1. The departure of the new warriors of the Sagi-\\nnaw was made the occasion of tendering to them that peculiarly\\nbeautiful good-by which ever dwells in the memory of a soldier.\\nThe journalist? of the city were present at this grand farewell\\nmeeting, and did not fail to describe it minutely.\\nAt 8 a. m., the company having parted from many ot their\\nfriends at their armory, marched down Genesee street in fine order\\nto the Bancroft House, where they were drawn up in two lines,\\nand after a neat and appropriate speech from Mayor Mott, the\\nladies presented each with a Union cockade, as a token of their\\nappreciation of the gallantry they manifested in so promptly re-\\nsponding to the call of the Government. The ceremonies were con-\\ntinued by cheers for the ladies, the Guards and the citizens and others.\\nA sword was presented to Capt. Kremer by his respected fellow-\\ncitizen, Capt. John Erd, with appropriate remarks, after which,\\nunder escort of Osmond s Cornet Band, the Buena Vista Guards\\nand the East Saginaw Light Artillery, the company proceeded to\\nthe depot of the Flint Pere Marquette railway, where the train,\\nwhich had been generously tendered by Superintendent Potter to\\nconvey the troops to Pine Run, was in waiting. At the cars a re-\\nvolver, the gift of J. H. Mershon, was presented to Lieut. Emil\\nMoores, by Col. W. L. P. Little, who made some fitting remarks,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0346.jp2"}, "347": {"fulltext": "HISTOBY OF SAGINAW nH N TV. 343\\nt which Lieut. Moores responded with feeling; cheers were given\\nfor the Mayor, Mr. Mershon, the Guards, the citizens, the Union,\\nand everybody, when, after sonic affecting parting scenes between\\nthe soldiers and their relatives and friends, the locomotive, be-\\ndecked with a handsome display of American ensigns, was hitched\\non. and the train moved off to the tune of the Red, White and Blue\\namid the loud and enthusiastic cheers of the thousands assembled,\\nthe waving of handkerchiefs, hats and star-spangled banners\\ninnumerable.\\nAll along the line of the railway, at Bridgeport Center, Birch\\nRun, Smith s Mill, and at every little crossing, people were congre-\\ngated in squads of from five to fifty, and cheering, waving of band-\\nkerchiefs, etc.. was the order of the day. At Pine Run, where the\\ncars connect with the plank road, a very fine demonstration was\\nmade, a beautiful ensign suspended over the street under which\\nthe company marched, and the booming of cannon mingled with\\nthe tumultuous shouts and cheers of the enthusiastic populace.\\nThe liberal citizens and farmers in the vicinity had furnished teams\\nand gratuitously transported the company over the plank to Flint.\\nArrived within about three-fourths of a mile of Flint, the band\\nand military left the wagons, and, forming in order, marched in.\\nAt the outskirts of the city they were met by Marshal Fenton,\\nwho escorted them to the Genesee House, where they were received\\nby the Mayor, who, in a few well-timed remarks, tendered them the\\nhospitalities of the city; the marching was then continued up the\\nMain Btreet as far as the town hall, and then back to the armory of\\nthe Flint Union Grays, who had just departed for Detroit, when\\nthe order to break ranks was given, and all made their way under\\nescort to the several quarters which had been assigned them. In\\nthe afternoon and evening the band serenaded the two newspaper\\nestablishments and many of the citizens, being most hospitably\\nreceived on all hand-.\\nWednesday morning at half-past eight the Guards were formed\\nin order in front of the armory, and marched to martial music\\nthrough the principal streets, after which they embarked in vehicles\\nprovided by the citizens of Flint the band again taking the lead\\nfor Fentonville, under escort of Judge Ames and many of the\\nprominent citizens of Flint.\\nAt the toll-gate one mile this side of Fentonville the procession\\nwas met by a marshal from Fentonville, and having again left the\\nteams and formed in marching order, were escorted to the station\\nboose of the D. M. railway, where the ladies of Fentonville had\\nf repared a capital collation, which being slightly devastated by the\\nningry crowd, and a toast, three cheers and a tiger tendered to\\nthe ladies for their munificent hospitality, the line of march was\\nresumed, and under escort of Turner s Cornet Band of that city a\\nhighly creditable musical corps they paraded the principal streets,\\nreturning to the depot in time for the down train, which arrived\\nat a little after 3 p. m.. and was soon off for the City of the Straits.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0347.jp2"}, "348": {"fulltext": "344 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nPeople were gathered at many of the stations along the line, and\\nat Pontiac an immense crowd had assembled, who received the\\ncompany with hearty and enthusiastic cheers, which were returned\\nwith interest, accompanied by an instalment of inspiring music by\\nthe band.\\nArriving in Detroit at 6 p. m., the company was formed on the\\ndepot grounds of the D. M. railway, and, preceded by the band\\nmarched to Cantonment Blair, a distance of between two and three\\nmiles, where the soldiers were provided with rather scaly quarters,\\nThe band, leg-weary and pretty much used up generally, returned\\nto the Michigan Exchange, where they were comfortably housed.\\nMayor Mott joined the command at Flint, and proceeded with it\\nto the rendezvous at Detroit, when, after a farewell word to each\\nof the volunteers, he returned to his home.\\nShortly after the East Saginaw Guards left for the rendezvous,\\nno less than 37 volunteers returned to their native heath;\\nsome changes were made in the list of officers, and other disposi-\\ntions made to insure confidence among the troops. Captain W. L.\\nWhipple, who in 1846 served as a lieutenant in the Mexican cam-\\npaign, was placed in command, and the company left eti route for\\nWashington^ Co. II of the 2d Mich. Inf. (3 years), June 5, 1861.\\nThis was the first three-years regiment which left the State. Cap-\\ntain Whipple was promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy of 21st\\nMich. Inf., Aug. 13, 1862.\\nLieutenant R. W. Ransom, who opened a recruiting office at\\nEast Saginaw, in the building formerly occupied as the old post-\\noffice, enlisted 6Q men prior to July 20, who reported for service\\nat Detroit before the 25th of that month.\\nTHE HOYT LIGHT GUARDS\\nperfected the organization of a full company April 24, under\\nCapt. H. W. Trowbridge. The officers elected were: Captain, H.\\nW. Trowbridge; First Lieutenant, Wm. O Donnell; Second Lieu-\\ntenant, Charles H. Hutchins; First Sergeant, Daniel Jeffers; Sec-\\nond Sergeant, Hiram Jenkins; Third Sergeant, Thomas Abbott;\\nFourth Sergeant, Dexter D. Keeler. The corporals were Peter\\nMashioe, Chester E. Roy, Wm. Mooney, and Henry Connor. The\\nmusicians were John Ryan and John Stout Park. No doubt what-\\never can exist regarding the desire of this command to go to the front\\nin the early days of the war. The orders of the War Department,\\nand the fact that all Michigan had already done its duty, conspired\\nto check the zeal of the troops and urge them to keep their powder\\ndry for the big fight.\\nThe three-months regiment was under arms April 25, 1861, and\\nwas constituted as follows: Orlando B. Wilcox, Colonel; L. L.\\nComstock, Lieutenant Colonel; A. B. Bidwell, Major. Companies\\nDetroit Light Guards, Jackson Light Guards, Coldwater Cadets,\\nManchester Union Guards, Steuben Guards, Detroit Hussars, Burr", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0348.jp2"}, "349": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0349.jp2"}, "350": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0350.jp2"}, "351": {"fulltext": "BISTOBY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 347\\nak Guards, Ypsilanti Light Guards, Marshall Light Guards, Har-\\ndee Cadets.\\nTin* second regiment comprised the Scott Guards. Adrian Guards,\\nHudson Artillery as infantry, Flint Union Greys, Battle Creek\\nArtillery as infantry, Constantino Union Guards, Kalamazoo Light\\nGuards, Kalamazoo No. 2, Ndles Company. A. S. Williams, or\\nDetroit, was the General of Brigade.\\nMILITARY RESOURCES OF THE COUNTY IN 1862.\\nA military census of the county was made under authority of t\\nGov. Blair s proclamation of August, 1862. The assessors were\\nrequired to return the names of all white males between the a^es of\\n1^ ami 45. The number of men enrolled in Saginaw, and named\\nin the lists furnished by those assessors, Sept. 10, 1862, was 2,951,\\nof whom 821 were declared exempt from draft, leaving 2,130\\nBubject. In June, 1862, it is learned, from returns made under the\\nlaw, that the total number of men in Saginaw county tit for\\nmilitary service was 2,497. It must be remembered, however, that\\nbetween the time the June returns were made and September, no\\nless than 686 men from Saginaw county enlisted and were in active\\nservice. Of this number, 28 were on duty with the 1st Inf.; 39 with\\nthe 2d Inf.; 72 with the 5th Inf.; 12 with the 7th and 8th Inf.; 38\\nwith the 9th and 10th Inf.; 92 with the 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th and\\n15th regiments; 102 with the 16th Inf.; 8 with the 17th, 15S with\\nthe 23d Inf.; 9 with the Engineers and Mechanics; 100 with the 2d\\nand 3d Cavalry; 14 with the 4th, 5th and 6th Cavalry; 3 with the\\n2d Battery; one with Mathers Sharpshooters, and 10 with the Mulli-\\ngan brigade, attached to McDermott s Michigan Company. The 23d\\nMichigan Inf., mustered into service at East Saginaw, Sept. 13,\\nL862, was principally composed of soldiers furnished by this county.\\nThe 29th, mustered in at Saginaw City, Oct. 3, 1864, was filled by\\nvolunteers from this Congressional district.\\nRECRUITING IN 1863.\\nI hiring the year 1863, SagiDaw contributed 365 troops, which,\\nrher with those who went into service in 1862, aggregate 1,041\\nsoldiers furnished to the Union armies since the beginning of the\\nwar. During the year, only five men from this county volunteered\\nfor service in the first 26 infantry regiments. The 27th\\nInfantry received 50; the 1st Sharpshooters, 18; Engineers, 1; the\\nthree first cavalry regiments, 26; the 4th Cavalry, 39; the 5th and\\n6th Cavalry, 14; the 7th Cavalry, 138; the 8th, 42; the 11th, 23,\\nand the Artillery, 9. The draft made in February, 1863, numbered\\nonly 19 men in Saginaw county, of which four were delivered at\\nbarracks.\\n21", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0351.jp2"}, "352": {"fulltext": "318 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMILITARY ORGANIZATION IN 1864.\\nThe enlistment of troops continued through 1864. From Jan. 1\\nto Oct. 31 no less than 821 men were enlisted. Forty-three who\\nvolunteered immediately, prior to Jan. 1, that year, bring np the\\ncredits of the county for the first ten months of 1864 to 864, aggre-\\ngating 1,905 troops since the beginning of the war. Of the 821\\ntroops referred to, 634 volunteered, 26 were drafted, 153 were re-\\nenlisted veterans, and 8 entered the navy. Again, 40 enlisted for\\none year, and 781 for three years service. From Sept. 19, 1863,\\nto Oct. 1, 1864, 396 men enlisted for one year, 613 for three years,\\n756 enlisted in the army, 153 veterans re-enlisted, 8 entered the\\nnavy, 75 drafted men commuted, and 28 were drafted. The 29th\\nMich. Inf. was mustered into service at Saginaw, Oct. 3, 1864.\\nThe proclamation of the President, calling for 300,000 volun-\\nteers, was issued Dec. 19, 1864. The quota assigned to Saginaw\\nunder the call was 130, while the enrollment was so high as 2,160.\\nTHE CLOSE OF THE DRAMA.\\nThe number of Saginaw volunteers who went into the Union\\narmy from Nov. 1, 1864, to the period when recruiting ceased,\\nApril 14, 1865, was 134, of whom 115 volunteered and 19 responded\\nto the draft. These figures show an aggregate representation\\nof Saginaw soldiers in the Union army of 1,154 men, all en-\\nlisting between Sept. 19, 1863, to April 14, 1865, which number,\\nwith 885 enlistments credited the county previous to Sept., 1863,\\nshow a grand military representation of 2,039 men, or about one-\\nforty-fourth of all the troops furnished by the State of Michigan\\nfrom April 17, 1861, to April 14, 1865. Throughout the brilliant\\ncampaigns which marked the progress of the terrific struggle there\\nis scarcely a black letter in the record of the troops furnished by\\nthis county. Few desertions, unexcelled bravery, and magnificent\\nendurance marked their service throughout.\\nA review of the military affairs in which these troops partici-\\npated, and in which so many of them won the soldier s crown,\\nwould necessarily take in every field, whether contested in Vir-\\nginia, Georgia, Maryland, South Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee,\\nAlabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, or Missouri.\\nFollowing down the regimental rosters, from those of the first\\nengineers and mechanics to the most recently organized military\\ncompany, one is forcibly reminded not only of the enduring quali-\\nty of the Union soldier, but also of that terrible sacrifice which he\\nwas willing to make in defense of the Union.\\nAll the sacrifices made, all the dangers passed through, were not\\nin vain. The country survives its great losses in that war, and\\nthough her sons who fell in defense of the Union cannot be re-\\nstored to this world, the memory of them lives on, and will forever\\nlive, to inspire the present with a full sense of all that liberty is", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0352.jp2"}, "353": {"fulltext": "BIBTOBY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 349\\nworth, and teach the future to guard it as nobly and as faithfully\\na- they did.\\nTHE FIRST INFANTRY\\n(three years) completed its organization Sept. 16, 1861, showing a\\nroster of 960 men, subsequently raised to 977 by the addition of\\nrecruits. During the winter of 1861- 62 the regiment was on duty\\nat Annapolis Junction. In March it advanced into the Peninsula.\\nwas present at Mechanicsville June 2*!, at Gaines Mills June 27,\\nat Malvern Hill -July 1, at Gainesville Aug. 29, at Bull Run Aug.\\n30, at Antietam Sept. 17, at Shepherdstown Ford Sept. 20, and at\\nericksburg during the fight of Dec. 13 and 14, 1862. The reg-\\niment sustained a loss of 306 men during the T ear, together with\\nthe loss of 45 taken prisoners, so that in the reports of Nov. 30,\\n1862, the entire strength of the command was only 5 2 men.\\nApril 27, 1863, the regiment marched on Chancellorsville.\\nDuring the fighting in that vicinity it lost 3 killed and 17 wounded.\\nMorrisville, Brandy Station, Aldie, Gettysburg, Manasses Gap,\\nRappahannock Station, and Mine Run, bear witness to its unex-\\ncelled bravery. During the year 46 died and 107 were wounded.\\nIn March, ls64, the regiment returned to Detroit, but left for the\\nfront again April 10, and arrived at Beverly Ford on the 18th. It\\nwas the inauguration of the campaign of 1S64, having crossed the\\nRapidan May 4, and engaged the enemy on the 5th. During the\\nsucceeding S days it lost 23 men killed. With the army of the\\nimac it was present at Spottsylvania, Jericho Mills, and Cold\\nHarbor during May. In June and August it served before Peters-\\nbur--. In September it participated in the fighting around Poplar\\ne Church. The regiment was on duty along the Weldon rail-\\nroad until Feb. 5. 1865, when it moved on Hatcher s Run, and par-\\nticipated in the action of Feb. 6 there. From April 1 to April 9\\nthe command was engaged along the White Oak road, at Amelia\\nCourt-House and High Bridge on 5th and 6th, and at the Appo-\\nmattox Court-House on the 9th. It did duty at City Point until\\nMay L6. The regiment returned to Jackson, Mich., for discharge,\\nJuly 12. L865.\\nr*. Benjamin F. Keating, Saginaw, Sergeant Co. F, July 15, 1861; 2nd\\nLieut., Oct. 1, 1861 1st Lieut., Nov. 1. 1864 was discharged for disability Feb. 23,\\nChurl.- s. Leetch, Saginaw, Isl Lieut.. Nov. 30, 1801; resigned Sept. 11. 1862.\\nFrancis McCullough, East Saginaw Sergeant Co. F, July 16, 1861; 2nd Lieut.,\\nJulv 7. 1865; was discharged July 1865.\\nlin A. Pratt, 8aginaw, Sergeanl Co. K, July 15, 1861: 1st Lieut.. May 30,\\nI apt., July 15, L865; was mustered out July 9, 1865.\\nKilled. Thomas Corris, at Gaines Mills, June 27, 1862; John McCoy, at Mai-\\nBill, -Lily 1. 1862; Geo. Rowell, at Bull Run, Aug. 30, 1862; Edward E. Hart,\\nat Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; uarles H. Stehman, at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13,\\n1862; Austin Whitman, at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863.\\nDied of Diseate. Hiram Purchase, at Harrison s Landing, Aug. 16, 1862.\\nMustered Out.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1862\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Johnsou Henry B., Smith W. H. 1863\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Crane Perry,\\nFeize Henry, Fisher Geo., Harden ft., Keating B. F., Penny Th o., Smith Geo.,\\nThurgood Eben, 1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hoi tzinger Leonard, McCullough Francis, Xoblock John,\\nPratl Bosea A., Pratt Rollin A. 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Lewis Daniel, McMurphy Win.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0353.jp2"}, "354": {"fulltext": "350 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTHE SECOND INFANTRY.\\nThe first Michigan regiment to offer its services for three years\\nleft Detroit for the field Jane 5, 1861. Previous to its first service,\\nwhich was given at Blackburn s Ford, Ya., July IS, 1861. it mus-\\ntered 1,115 men. Under Gen. McClellan it participated in the\\naffairs of Yorktown April -1, Williamsburg May 5, Fair Oaks\\nMay 27, Charles City Cross Roads June 30, Malvern Hill July 1,\\nand at Chantilly Sept. 1. In the military report rendered November,\\n1862, it is stated that the strength of the command was reduced to\\n642 men. At Williamsburg those placed hors de combat num-\\nbered 17 killed, 38 wounded and 4 missing; at Fair Oaks 10 were\\nkilled and 47 wounded.\\nThe movements of the regiment during the first months of 1863\\nwere varied. On July 10 it arrived before Jackson, where it lost\\n12 killed, 36 wounded and 8 prisoners. It took a part in many\\nminor transactions, and traveled 2,100 miles during the year. At\\nKnoxville it aided in the defense until the retirement of the rebels,\\nDec. 4, 1863.\\nThe regiment returned to Detroit Feb. 24, 1864, and received a\\nfurlough of 30 days. Leaving Mt. Clemens April 4, it moved to\\nAnnapolis, and thence to East Tennessee. It shared in the honors\\nof the Potomac army of that year; losing 100 men in the field, 257\\nwounded, 23 died of disease, and 85 prisoners. The principal\\nservice of the command during 1S65 was rendered at Petersburg.\\nIt returned to Detroit Aug. 1, 1865, and was discharged soon\\nafter.\\nOfficers. John Ludlin, Saginaw, commissioned 2nd Lieut., April 25, 1861; 1st\\nLieut., Dec. 1, 1861 resigned Sept. 17, 1862.\\nMartin Ruehle, East Saginaw, Sergeant Co. H, May 25, 1861; 2nd Lieut., July\\n22, 1865; was wounded, and absent at muster out of the command\\nJohn C. Schentz, Saginaw, Sergeant Co. II; 2nd Lieut., Dec. 4, 1861; 1st Lieut.,\\nFeb. 7, 1862; Lieut. Battery K., 1st L. A., Nov. 21, 1862; Capt., Feb, 21, 1863;\\nMajor 1st L. A., April 11, 1865; was mustered out July 29, 1865.\\nKilled or Died of Wounds.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hugh Mills, at Williamsburg, May 3, 1S62; Geo. B,\\nRichardson, at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862; Albert Hebbert, at Jackson, Miss., July\\n11, 1863: Wm. Blomburg, at Campbell s Station, Nov. 21, 1863; Edward Cutler, at\\nCampbell s Station, Nov. 25, 1863; Charles Schweiker, near Petersburg, June 17\\n1864.\\nWounded.- -James H. Robertson, Oct. 23, 1862: John Dobson, Nov. 1, 1862.\\nDied of Disease. Ebenezer Paine, at David s Island, Sept. 2,7 1862.\\nMissing in Action. Leonard Wishlein, at Petersburg, July 30, 1864; W. C.\\nHall, at Petersburg, July 30. 1864; Wm. English, at Petersburg, July 30, 1864; La\\nRue P. North, at Knoxville. Nov. 24, 1863; Lucien Hunt, Petersburg, Nov. 21,\\n1863; Michael Sink, Petersbutg, Nov. 24, 1863. These were all regained in 1865.\\nDischarged.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1862\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Frost John. 1863\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gibson Henry. 1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Barker H. M.,\\nBrennert F., Carter Michael, Contre G. W., Fischer George, Henricks Grates, Her-\\nbert, Val., Kraemer Aug., Lemmon Wm., Loomis St. Clair, Massey G. F., McCoy,\\nAbel C. McGee G. F. McMann Thomas, Norton Albert, Ohda J., Ohland F.,\\nPeterson Thomas, Reihle Martin. Roe F., Ruytz J., Schweigert, D. Terry Nicholas,\\nThomson W. H., Wheatley John, White John, Willis Geo., Wood James.\\nTHE FIFTH INFANTRY\\nleft Detroit for the front Sept. 11, 1S61. Entering into the\\nVirginia Peninsular campaign in March, 1S62, it participated in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0354.jp2"}, "355": {"fulltext": "HISTORl 01 wi.I.NAW COUNTY. 351\\nthe terrific battles of the year. It mustered in with 9S3 men and\\nreporte 1 a lo9S of 426 before November, 1862. At Fredericksburg\\nI Lt. Col. John Gillooly and H) men wtre killed and 73\\nwounded. Between January and May. 1^03, the command lost 17\\nkilled. 1: wounded and 31 prisoners. Lt. Col. Edward T. Sher-\\nlock was .-lain at Chancellorsville May 3. The battle of Gettysburg\\nwas entered by the command at 4 p. m. July 2, and within one\\nhour it lost 105 men, 19 of whom were killed, 90 wounded and five\\nmissing during the terrific struggle. The losses of the regiment\\nfor 1863 were 70 dead, 107 wounded and 42 prisoners.\\nIt is unnecessary here to follow up the brilliant history of the\\nInf. through the campaign of 1864. The following reference\\nto it- Bervice and losses will be sufficient: At Kelly s Ford, 1\\nwounded; Locust Grove, 1 killed, 15 wounded, 2 missing total,\\nL8; Mine Bun, 3 wounded; Wilderness, 38 killed, 107 wounded,\\nL6 missing\u00e2\u0080\u0094 -total, 221; Spottsylvania Court House. 6 killed, 00\\nwounded, 9 missing total, 75: North Anna river, 1 killed, 9\\nwounded, 1 missing\u00e2\u0080\u0094 total. 11; Tolopotamy creek, 2 killed, 4\\nwounded, 11 missing total, 17; before Petersburg, 15 killed, 52\\nwounded, 19 missing total, 86; Deep Bottom, 12 wounded;\\nBoydton Plank Road, 9 killed, 52 wounded, 43 missing. The losses\\nfor the year were 103 killed, 17 died ol disease, 375 wounded, and\\nken prisoners. The regiment was discharged at Detroit July\\n17. 1865.\\nOfficers Alexander Albert] was commissioned 1st Lieut., June 19, 1861: pro-\\nmoted to a Captaincy, July 12, 1862, and discharged Jul}- 9, 1864.\\nJames Colville, Easl Saginaw, mustered into service Aug. 28, 1861, as Sergeant,\\npromoted 2d Lieut., Sept. 16 1863; Capt., .Ian. 1,1863; missed in action\\nJune 22, 1864; gained to tin- command. April 20. 1865, and died of disease at Fort\\nHamilton, N. V.. April 27, 1865.\\nAndrew Hanlin. Saginaw City, entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Sergeant Co.\\nK: commissioned 2d Lieut., Sept. 17, 1862 wounded at Chancellorsville. Va..\\n.May 18 i3; promoted 1st. Lieut.. .lime 26, I860, arid mustered out Oct. 3, 1804.\\nHenry Miller. Saginaw, commissioned Captain, June 19, 1861; was discharged\\nFeb. 18, L863.\\nWilli hi O Donnell, Saginaw, commissioned 1st Lieut.. June 19, 1861; resigned\\nJan. 30, 1862, to accept a position on the staff of Gen. J. H. Lane; promoted\\nMaior,26th Inf.. Oct 30, 1862, and died at Portsmouth, Va., May 14, 1863.\\nHugo Wessener. Saginaw, commissioned 2d Lieut., June 19, 1861; resigned\\nApril 16, 1862,\\nKilled. Lewis Broad, at Williamsburg, May 7. 1862; John Cleveland, at Fred-\\nericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; Franklin Doolittle, al Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862;\\nObed Hancock, at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; Channery Burton, Albert Gil-\\nUexis Guenat, Fred. Kocbler, Geo. Langweller, Peter Maerz, John Muhlle-\\n1 aspar Stein, Benjamin Widman, on various fields from May 31, to Dec.\\n18, 1862; Reuben Howe, at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863; George Lawrence, at Get-\\ntysburg, July 2,\\nDied of Disease. Michael Beyerleine, 1862; Edward Bigelowe, 1862; Peter\\nChristie, 1862; Ben Bird, 1864; Fred Cransnick, 1863; Barney C. Green, at\\nAndersonville, Aug. 16, 1864\\nDischarged, 1862.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Beers David A. Cameron Alexander, Cameron John,\\nConroy Franklin, Dennis James, Harold Mathias, Harrington Ben. Jones\\nI).. Kronkrighl Geo., Laubenheimer Lied.. Lester Charles, Seeger\\nWm., Wrighl Jane-. 1863\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Alger Peter E., Barber John, Becker Charles,\\nBell Geo. W., Budde Wm., Conlin Martin, Frazer Charles, Hadstate Rielly,\\nHerbel F. It.. Hewitt Henry. Johnson Gideon, Maerz John. Schwab\\nFrank, Sparrow Louis, Strove Christian. Frellman II.. Green B. Klendi", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0355.jp2"}, "356": {"fulltext": "352 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nF., Lindner H., Schmitter F., Schultz Geo., Wolf J.N. 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Curry Came-\\nron, Gregory Win., Haney John, Lubenthal Wrn., Reins Wm., Saultor John\\nC, Tbeick Rudolph.\\nTHE EIGHTH INFANTRY,\\ncomprising 915 officers and men, left Detroit Sept. 27, 1861, for the\\nfront. Leaving Annapolis Oct. 19, it participated in the expe-\\ndition into South Carolina, under Sherman, and in the nine im-\\nportant engagements which marked the progress of Sherman, dar-\\ning the twelvemonths succeeding its organization, 89 were killed\\nin battle, 55 died of disease, 243 wounded, and 48 made prisoners.\\nThe regiment lost, during the year 1863, 50 dead and one\\nwounded. It served, since leaving Michigan, in six States, and\\ntraversed 5,000 miles.\\nThe 8th acted well its part during the campaign of 1804. Its\\nservice with the army of the Potomac resulted in 86 men killed;\\n40 died of disease, 28 were wounded and 37 made prisoners.\\nOn March 25, 1865, it participated in repulsing the\\nenemy in his assault on Fort Steadman, and April 2\\nwas engaged in the attack on his position at Fort Mahon, when\\nit assisted in carrying the works at that point, and is reported to\\nhave been the first regiment to place its colors on that rebel\\nstronghold. On the 3d it inarched into Petersburg, and on the 5th\\nwas detailed to guard the South Side railroad, where it continued\\nuntil the 20th, when it marched to City Point, and on the 21st\\ntook transports for Alexandria, where it arrived on the 23d, and\\nmoved to Tanallytown on the 26th. Mustered out at Washington\\nJuly 30th, it left en route for Detroit, where it was discharged Aug.\\n3, 1865.\\nOfficers. JohnR. Dougherty, of Shiawassee, entered service Aug. 11. 1862, as\\nSergeant Co. B, was promoted 1st Lieut., April 25, 1865, and mustered out July 30,\\n1865.\\nDied of disease. Lewis Arnold, at Milldale, Miss., July 22, 1863.\\nDischarged, 1862.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Allen Charles D., Leland Win., Sutherland Wm. D., Walsh\\nHarvey B., Whittalser Thomas. 1863. Cartwright S. S. E., Savage Abram, Wil-\\nliams Eben. 1865. Brown Geo., Crauipton Alonzo, Loomis Harvey, Munger M\\nHunger Beth.\\nTHE TENTH INFANTRY\\nwas mustered in at Flint, and left for St. Louis, Mo., April 22,\\n1862, with 997 men and officers forming the command. During\\nthe year it served in Mississippi, Alabama and Tennessee. The\\nservice of the Tenth during 1863 was signally brilliant and useful;\\na portion of it seemed to be everywhere, and present at a time to\\nsave valuable lives and property from the hands of the rebels; 55\\nmen died during the year, one was shot for desertion, and 11 were\\nwounded.\\nThis regiment inaugurated the campaign for 1864 at Buzzard s\\nEoost, Ga., Feb. 25, 1864, where it lost 13 killed and 36 wounded.\\nIt was furloughed in March for 30 days; at the expiration of which", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0356.jp2"}, "357": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 353\\ntime it returned to the post of duty, and entered on its campaign\\nin Georgia. During the year il lost 59 killed; 27 died of disease\\nand 113 were wounaed, among whom was Lt. Col. Dickenson.\\nDuring the latter months of I s and the spring of 1865 the\\nregiment was engaged at Florence, Ala.. Louisville andSavannah,\\nA.verysboro, Smithfield Roads, and Bentonville, North Caro-\\nlina. It \\\\va present at Washington in the ranks of Sherman s\\narmy May 24; moved to Louisville, Ivy., in June, and reported at\\nJackson, Mich., for discharge, July 22, 1865.\\nAlmon D. Ellis, mustered into service as Sergeant Co. B, was promoted\\n3d Lieut., June 23, 1862, and resigned March 2, 1863.\\nErastus B. Paxton, Saginaw, Sergeant Major, Sept. 16 1861, 1st Lieutenant, Nov.\\n16, 1864; (apt.. May 20, 1865 mustered out July 19, 1805.\\nCharles II. Richman, Saginaw, commissioned Captain Oct. 1, 1861, was must end\\nout Feb. 6, 1865.\\nKilled Peter E. White, Aug. 6, 1862 Wm. Dennis, at Vining s Station, July\\n81, 1864; Btephen B. Munger, at Atlanta Sept. 10, 1864\\nDiedofdiat we. Horatio Geary, near Parmington, June 13, 1862; John Mason,\\nnear Farmington, July 30, 1862; Wm. Mirier, at Flint, Nov. 8, 1S61.\\nDischarged. 1862 Frost Benj.,LeRoy Homer, Lexey Geo., Sparks John, Staples\\nJames L., Stickney Ins. 1865 Andrews Sam B., Benjamin D. W., Blanchard\\nWillis A., Bra ley Hiram, Brown Wm., Brown W. X.. Byron Rob., Dates John,\\nGreen Nat., Grilley Edgar E., Helner Henry, Horner T., Hough E., Hough R B.,\\nKilsey Theo. V. 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 McMillan Neil, Pierce H. F., Pierce Phinneas J., Roedal\\nSnaye Leon. Sowles J. D., Stewart W. A., Truax Charles, Van Patten Henry,\\nWalker W. B., Woodard Myron C.\\nTHE FOURTEENTH INFANTRY\\nleft Ypsilanti April 17, 1862, for Pittsburg Landing, with a force\\nof 925 rank and tile. During the first ten months it participated\\nin many minor military affairs. Jan. 3, 1863, it participated in\\nthe battle of Stone River, having marched through rain and mud\\nfrom Nashville, 30 miles, the previous night. It was stationed at\\nFranklin, Tenn., from the s th to the 14th of March, relieving the\\ncavalry forces there. With its division it moved to Brentwood\\nApril 8, and held the line between Nashville and Franklin. Re-\\nturning to it- old camp at Nashville July 3, it was ordered to\\nrelieve the force at Franklin. Sept. 6, the regiment was ordered to\\nhe mounted, and eight companies were sent to Columbia, provided\\nwith Spencer rifles, revolvers and a complete outfit of cavalry\\nequipments, together with a section of light artillery. Since it\\nhas been mounted, this regiment has captured 12 rebel officers,\\nl v enlisted men and 85 guerrillas among the latter some of the\\nmost Dotorious in that section. The regiment, Nov. 1. was engaged\\nin holding Franklin, Smith Station and Columbia, and the line of\\nrailway between those points. The number of deaths reported,\\nduring the year 1st;:;. V;l 47.\\nThe regiment re-enlisted as veteran- Jan. 4. 1864, and received\\na furlough of 30 days. It was again present in the field. May 21,\\nand I- day- later was attached to the army of General Sherman.\\nIt took a brilliant part in all the action of the Georgia campaign,\\nlosing 14 killed and 21 who died of disease. In the winter of\\nL864 65, the regiment rendered splendid service in North Care-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0357.jp2"}, "358": {"fulltext": "351 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nlina. July 18, 1865, it reported at Jackson, and was disbanded\\non the 29th of that month.\\nOfficers. Morgan L. Gage, East Saginaw, was commissioned Captain Nov. 18\\n1861, and resigned July 9, 1862.\\nJohn C. Lind, East Saginaw, 2nd Lieut., Nov. 18, 1861 Captain, July 9, 1862;\\nwas discharged, and died at home, Aug. 8, 180:\\nJoseph Schefniker, Saginaw, 1st Lieut, Nov. 18, 1801, resigned Nov. 16, 1862.\\nGeo. W. C. Smith, Saginaw, Sergeant Co. A. Nov. 28, 1861 2d Lieut. Aug. 5,\\nL864; First Lieut, and Adjutant, March 14, 1865; Captain, July 7, 1865; was mus-\\ntered out as Adjutant July 18, 1865.\\nAbram C. Spears, Saginaw, Sergeant, Co. A, Oct. 11, 1801; 2d Lieut., July 9,\\n1862; 1st Lieut., March 9, 1863 wounded at Chattahoochee river, July 5, 1864,\\nand discharged on account of disability, Oct. 25, 1864.\\nKilled. Patrick Meagher, at Columbia, Ga., Jan. 20, 1864; Fred. Bower, at\\nKenesaw Mb, June 22, 1864; Geo. Shancel Kenesaw Mt\u00e2\u0080\u009e July 5, 1864.\\nDied of Diseasi or Wounds. Wm. Wells, at St. Louis, May, 1862; John S.\\nParkes, at Jefferson; June 1, 1862; John Trowbridge, at Farmington, June 26,\\n1862; James Nisbitt, at Big Springs, July 3, 1862; Jeremiah Sullivan, at Farm-\\nington, July 17, 1802; G. W. Dunne, at Farmington, Aug. 6, 1862; Gilbert\\nMcd y, at Tuscumbia. Aug. 12,1862: Henry S. Fuller, at Jackson, Miss., Sept.\\n16, 1862: John O Donnell, at Lavergne, Oct. 7, 1862; Henry Wagner, at Nash-\\nville, April 14, 1863; Wm Cate, at Jefferson Barracks, April 30, 1863; Napoleon\\nRooney, at Detroit, Apr. 28, 1864; Adam Held, at Atlanta, Oct. 17, 1^04; Ransom\\nRandall, at Savannah, Dec. 19, 1864; F. Schmellzer, at Savannah, June 12, 1865.\\nDischarged. 1862\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Crandall Wm. M., Elliott Geo. W., Luther Columbus S.,\\nMcCarthy William, Robbins James. 1863\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Davison Oliver, Fisher T. L.,\\nLooney Edward, Mann Geo. W., Slider John D., Thompson Daniel, Van Flint\\nT. A. 1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bochbam John, Clark Adam C, Daniels L. S., Deizell Geo., Dow\\nJohn, Eshenburg Wm., Gavin Edward, Hard Anthony O., Heller Emil, Kins-\\nley Charles, Hutton Geo., McGee R, McLenithan B. F., Miller Perry, Raibald\\nPeter, Records CM., Shepherd A. R, Sidmans A., Smith Esson, Tozer H.,\\n1865 Arnold Jared, Ashelford Luke, Bershaw Maxime, Blakesley Freeman\\nF., jr., Chadima Francis, Chapin Walter A., Crandall Eber B., Crandall Syl-\\nvester, Crawford John W., Curtiss Herman, Davison Albert, Decker Giles C.,\\nDiezell Geo., Garey M., Heller Emil, Herrick Oilman. 1S65,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Katharin Bino,\\nKraemer Martin, Litenmire Peter, Major Ed., Man W. N., McKay Robert,\\nPotcher Wm., Reno Joseph, Shepherd Alfred, Sholtz G, Steinburg Charles\\nThompson Uphani, Tromble Daniel, Tromble Edmund, Zeigler John G.\\nTHE SIXTEENTH INFANTRY,\\norganized as Stockton s Independent Regiment, went into the\\nfield Sept. 16, 1861, with a force of 761 men and officers. Under\\nGen. McClellan it participated in all the engagements of the period\\nfrom Yorktown to Fredericksburg. Crossing the Rappahannock\\non the 12th of December, it participated with the army of the\\nPotomac in the battie of Fredericksburg, losing 3 killed, 20 wounded\\nand 8 missing. The regiment crossed the Rappahannock and the\\nRapidan, and from the 2d to the 5th of May was engaged at the\\nbattle of Chancellorsville, with a loss of 1 killed and 6 wounded.\\nMarching with the army in June, on the 21st it was engaged in the\\nbattle of Middleburg, capturing from the enemy a piece of artillery\\nand 19 officers and men, with a loss on the part of the regiment of\\n9 wounded. The 16th, by a series of forced marches, arrived at\\nGettysburg, Penn., on the 1st of July, and on the 2d, 3d and 4th,\\nit participated in the battles at that place, sustaining a loss of 2\\nofficers and 21 men killed, 2 officers and 34 men wounded, and 3", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0358.jp2"}, "359": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 355\\nmen missing. July 5th, the regiment engaged in the pursuit of\\nthe enemy, arriving at Williamsport, Md., on the 11th. It crossed\\nthe Potomac, at Berlin, on the 17th, and on the 23d was at the\\nbattle at tapping Heights, though not actually engaged. Partici-\\npating in the movements of the army in October, on the 10th it\\ncrossed the Rappahannock, recrossed on the 11th, and as skirmish-\\nera advanced to Brandy Heights, hut did not become engaged.\\nPalling back with the army, on the 23d it marched to Auburn,\\nwhere it remained until November 1st. The .total number of\\nmiles marched by this regiment from station to station, between\\nNovember L, L8,62, and November 1, 1863, exclusive of marches\\non picket duty and reconnoisances of minor importance, was\\nDuring the year, the command lost 45 men killed. 17\\ndied of disease, 82 were wounded, and 11 made prisoners. During\\nNovember and December, it captured the rebel works on the left\\nbank of the Rappahannock, losing three men. During the crossing\\nof the Rapidan and the move to Mine Run, it performed guard\\nduty with the wagon train. The 10th re-enlisted as veterans, and\\nwere mustered into service as such Dec. 24. 1S63. The command\\nreached Detroit Jan. 9, where it received a 30- day furlough.\\nFeb. the regiment reported at the rendezvous at Saginaw City,\\nand on the 17th left for the army of the Potomac. It went into\\nwinter quarters near Bealton Station, where it remained until the\\n1st of .May, when it marched to Brandy Station. Engaging in the\\ncampaign of this year, on the 4th the regiment crossed the Rapidan\\nat Germania Ford. On the 5th it was detailed to guard the wagon\\ntrain at WyckoffFord. On the 6th and 7th the regiment partici-\\npated in the battle of the Wilderness, without loss on the 6th, but\\non the second day losing 35 in killed and wounded. On the morn-\\ning of the Sth the regiment proceeded by a forced march to Spott-\\ninia C. 11. During the evening of the Sth, while attempting\\nto cross an almost impassible swamp, a portion of the regiment was\\nattacked, the enemy making an attempt to capture that portion\\nengaged, but the rebels were thrown into confusion by its fire,\\nduring which a charge was made and a rebel colonel and a large\\nnumber of men were taken prisoners. The loss to the regiment\\nwas small, and was mainly in prisoners, who were subsequently re-\\ncaptured by our cavalry. The regiment remained in the neighbor-\\nhood of the Spottsylvania C. H. until the 21st, when it moved with\\nits corps toward the North Anna river. On the morning of the\\n22d, while acting as advance guard for its corps, the regiment en-\\ncountered the rear guard of the enemy near Polecat creek. Four\\ncompanies were deployed as skirmishers, who, advancing, drove\\nthe enemy from their position, and captured a large number of\\nprisoners. On the 23d it forded the North Anna river. The enemy\\nhaving attacked and caused a portion of the line to retire, the 16th.\\nwith other forces, were ordered to regain possession of the ground.\\nThe movement, although made under a very heavy fire, was suc-\\ncessful, the enemy being driven back with great loss. On the 24th", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0359.jp2"}, "360": {"fulltext": "356 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthe regiment moved to a point on the Virginia Central railroad,\\nand on the 25th to near Little river. Recrossing the North Anna,\\non the 26th and 27th, it proceeded by forced marches toward the\\nPamnnky river, which it crossed at Hanovertown on the morning\\nof the 28th, and went into line of battle on the South creek, throw-\\ning up a line of breastworks. On the following morning the regi-\\nment moved to near Tolopotamy creek. On the 30th it again\\nmoved forward. During the afternoon, the army having become\\nengaged, the regiment was ordered into position on the left of the\\nline. Though exposed in an open field to a raking fire, the men\\nstood their ground with great pertinacity, protecting themselves by\\nthrowing up earthworks with their hands, bayonets and tin plates.\\nMajor Robert T. Elliot, while leading the regiment, was here killed.\\nThe enemy were finally driven back, and the regiment held the\\nground during the night. On the 1st of June the 16th drove the\\nenemy from the rifle pits, which it succeeded in holding against all,\\nefforts to retake them. On the 2d, 3d and 4th, the 16th was en-\\ngaged near the vicinity of Bethesda Church. On the 5th it moved\\nto near Cold Harbor, and on the 6th to Dispatch Station.\\nJune 13 it crossed the Chickahominy at Long Bridge, en route for\\nthe James river, which it crossed on the 16th, arriving in front of\\nPetersburg on the following day. From this time to Aug. 15, when\\nit was placed in reserve, the regiment was employed in the trenches\\nin front of Petersburg. It participated in the movement, Aug. 18,\\non the Weldon railroad, and remained in this vicinity, constructing\\nand occupying a portion of the line of defenses, until Sept. 30,\\nwhen it took part in the engagem ent near Poplar Grove church\\nforming part of the storming party which drove the enemy from\\ntheir works. During this assault the regiment again lost its com-\\nmanding officer, Col. Norvel E. Welch, who was killed. Its loss\\nduring the engagement was 10 killed and 12 wounded. Oct. 27\\nthe regiment took part in the movement on the Boydton Plank-\\nRoad, but did not become actively engaged. On the 28th it consti-\\ntuted a portion of the rear guard in the retrograde movement to the\\nposition near Poplar Grove Church. During its service through\\n1864, 52 men died in battle, 12 of disease, 178 were wounded, and\\n16 made prisoners.\\nDuring the last days of the war it served at Dabney s mills, or\\nHatch run, Ya., Feb. 6th and 7th, and March 25th; at White\\nOak road, March 29th; Quaker road, March 31st; Five Forks,\\nApril 1; Amelia Court-House, April 5; High Bridge, April 6th;\\nAppomattox Court-House, April 9; and all through the siege of\\nPetersburg, from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865. Having been\\npresent in the review of the Potomac army at the Capitol, May 23,\\nit left for Jeffersonville. Ind., where it was mustered out July 8.\\nArriving at Jackson, July 12, it received its discharge on the\\n25th of that month.\\nOfficers. Michael Chiltick entered service as Sergeant of Co. B. Aug. 5, 1861,\\nwas commissioned 2d Lieut., June 27, 1862, and fell at the second Bull Run,\\nAug. 30, 1862.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0360.jp2"}, "361": {"fulltext": "HI8T0R1 OF -AMN.WV COUNTY. 357\\n.it Evans, Saginaw, Sergeantin March 33, 1864; 2d Lieut., May 8th, 1865;\\nLieut. 8d [nd pt Co. S. S., July 7, 1865; was mustered out as 2d Lieut., July\\n365.\\nBenj. P. Fisher, Easl Saginaw, Captain Aug. 1861; was wounded and made\\nprisoner at Gaines 1 Mill, Va., June 27, L862; paroled Aug. L2, 1862, and commis-\\nsioned Major, 23d Inf.. Aug. 23, 1862. Be resigned Feb. 13, 1863.\\nJ inline, of Saginaw, Captain 3d Co. S. S., May 1, 1864, was discharged\\nApril I. i-\\nWallace Jewett, 8aginaw, mustered into service as Sergeant, Co. K, March 1,\\n1862; promoted 2d Lieut., July 29, L862; 1st Lieut. Feb. 1, was killed in the\\n3burg, Pa., July 2, 1863.\\nik Keeler, East Saginaw, Sergeanl Co. D, Aug. 1, 1861; 2d Lieut. April 26,\\n1868; was mustered oul Sep1 10, 1865.\\n-ii. mi M. Kent, Saginaw. Sergeanl Co. K. March 1. 1862; 2d Lieut., May 8,\\n1865; Isl Lieut, July7,1865; was mustered out July 8, 1865.\\nThomas E. Morris, Eas1 Saginaw, commissioned 1st Lieut, and Adjutant, Aug\\n361 was promoted Major, and transferred to the 15th Inf. Pe;_ r t., Aug21, 1862-\\nlie resigned May 31, 1863\\nJoseph B. Slack,Eas1 Saginaw, Sergeanl Co. D. Aug. 1, 1861; 2d Lieut., Feb.\\n10, 1863; was mustered in Sepl 9, 1864.\\n:inl II. Smith, Saginaw, Sergeant-Major, Aug. 1,1861; 1st Lieut., May 8\\nCaptain, July 7, 1865; was mustered out July 8, 1865\\nJohn W. Ward. Saginaw, Sergeant Co. I). Aug.29,1861 2d Lieut, May 8, 1865\\n1st Lieut.. July 7. 1865; was mustered out July 8, 1865\\nLewis Webster, East Saginaw, commissioned 1st Lieut., March 19, 1862; Cap-\\ntain, July 0 L863; resigned Dee. 11, 1862.\\nI. Aniuld West, Saginaw, commissioned 1st Lieut, 3d Co. S. S., May 1,1864,\\nwas promoted to a Captaincy May 8, 1865, and discharged 7 days later.\\nHeber B. Woodruff, East Saginaw, Sergeant Co. D, Aug. 1, 1861; 2d Lieut.,\\nAn- 2:5. 1862; l-t Lieu;.. April 11. 1863; wasmustered nut Sept. 7.1864.\\nThe soldiers of the 16th. from Saginaw, who died from the effects of the hard-\\nships f war, wet.. -Francis M. Briggs, Dec. 13, 1862; Heury II. Never, Nov 1,\\n1861, at Baltimore; Benry S. Tower, Nov. 9, 1861, at Georgetown; Alfred Well-\\nington, Hall s Hill, Nov 9, 1861; Samuel F. Wellington, Georgetown. Oct. 23,\\n1861 .John Norris, Philadelphia, Aug., 1862; David G. WatsoiCFort McHenry,\\nOct 10, 1862.\\nKilled. Samuel Comfort, at Chickahominy, June 27, 1862; Henry C. Smith,\\nat Chickahominy. June 27, 1862 Lewellyn Soule, at Chickahominy, June 27, 1862;\\nCharles F Oobson, at Newbridge, June 27. 1862; Josiah Wadsworth. at Malvern\\nHill. July 1. 1862; Useb Le Charita, at Dull Run. Au r.30, 1862: William Badger,\\nat Gaines Hill. June 27. 1862; Alanson Bubbard, at Gaines Hill, June 27, 1862;\\nBenry Lyman, at Gaines Hill, June 27. 1862; John S. Gardner, at Gaines Hill,\\nJune 27, 1862; Wm.F. Kelly, at Gaines Bill, June 27, 1862; Oliver W. Stephen-.\\nat Gaines Hill, June 27, 1862, Alfred Miller, at Gaines Hill. June 27, 1862;\\nDrowne Potter, at White House, June 16, 1862; Oscar F. Drake, at Gettysburg,\\nJuly 2. 1863; Charles McBratnie, al Gettysburg, July2, 1863; Thomas Rolf at\\nWashington, June 14, 1864; Michael Scanlon, near Petersburg, July 23, 1864\\nJohn Shaw, near old Chmch. June: 1 1864; Thomas Buckhead, near Poplar\\nGrove, Sept 30, 1864; Biram Whitehead, of 2d Indpt Co., July 1, 1864; Alonzo\\nMacumber, near the Rappahannock, Nov. 4. 1864; John White. Sept. 30, 1864;\\nW A. Carney, died at City Point. Va., July 27, 1864; John Livingstone, died\\nJulv 25, 1864; Peter McGuinness. died .it Andersonville Sidney Scratch, died at\\nPhiladelphia. July 25, 1864; Barman Miller, died at Andersonville, Aug. 15, 1864;\\nWeaver, died at Petersburg, July 30, 1*64: Daniel Chamberlain, died at\\nField Hospital, Oct 27, 1864; John Mittermere, killed at Hatch s Pun. Feb. 6,\\nDischarged. 1862 Babcock Nelson A.. Bunting Diehard A.. Ellseffer Geo.,\\nEngelkee August, Fraser Thomas G.. Griswold William. Guillote Charles F.,\\nGunn Henry, Berrick E., Ingham Albert, Lane Morris McHenry, Lyon- John.\\nMiller James, Niver Geo. A., Smith Jacob, Stoddard Geo., Teal A.M., Ward John,\\nWard Stephen. 1863 Blair Oliver, Brookins G. P.. Burton E. X.. Clarke\\nThomas D Goulding J.B., CenyonH. M., Kill en Wm. S., Lipscomb Ezekiel,\\nMackerill S. P.. Miller G 1 Purchase 0. P.. Rivenay V. A., Rogers T. B.. Rose", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0361.jp2"}, "362": {"fulltext": "358 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nJohn, Rushton R. M., Stephens C D., Sutherland W., Vassaw Silas, Vibber Syl.,\\nWarren Fred., Whitnev A. H Wvner Charles. 1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Baker Nelson, Barber\\nPhil., Bradley Frank, Clark R., Cresswell Wm, Damon O. W., Fields F. W.,\\nGlover Wm., Green Cordell B., Heath Martin, Higgins Wrn., La Clare Peter,\\nHolstead E. M., Mills Stephen, Orton Geo. A., Parker James, Patterson Ed., Perry\\nT. U., Rosa Daniel, Sebring W. H,, ShermanC, Silliman S. B, Smith Charles,\\nTaylor Charles, Ward Geo., Werdner H., Weller J., Woodruff F. W., Young D.\\nT.| 186. Abbey Charles H., Allen Thomas, Andrews Peter, Applebee J., Armon\\nAlfred, Barbour Philetus, Barues Almond, Barrett Oliver, Baxter Alonzo, Bellisle\\nG, Black John, Blover Wm Bolton E. B. Bothwell James, Bounting R. A.,\\nBradshaw Jos Broullette Edward, Bullfinch Oscar F., Bunyan Chauncey, Burns\\nJohn, Busba Cannon, Gary John, Cavenaugh John, Chamberlain James A.,\\nChamberlain Lewis B., Clark Robt., Cole Egan, Collins James, Cooley Alfred,\\nCressy Allen, Croy Jacob, Davis Edward, Davis Lorenzo, Dickinson Charles,\\nDickenson C. W., Doran Wm Douglass Geo., Duben Gregoire, Dunne James,\\nDunne Jeremiah, Evans Selby, Farrell John, Fawcett John, Fitzgerald Patrick,\\nGomis Jos., Green Cordelle B Greenberry Jones, Grimes Gottlieb, Gunn J. S.,\\nHalstead E. M., Heath Martin, Hendrix Charles, Hinds John, Horton James, Jell-\\nner Wm., Kelly James, Knapp Charles, Lang Renthold, Lannon Conrad, Leon-\\nard Francis, Leonard J. J., Leonard Martin, Lewis harles A., Likam John,\\nLowry Eben., Manley Wm., Marcette Charles, Martin John, Maxwell Henry, Mc-\\nKay. iames, McKeeva Peter, McLenithan Sam., Mohn G. H., Montney Levi,\\nMoore Joseph, O Connor James, Ormsby Ira C, Orten Geo. A., Parker James,\\nPier Wm. D., Potts Joseph, Ranger W. H. H., Ross David, Boss Hugh, Sanborn\\nLucius, Scott David, Seymour James D., Shaker John, Simpson James, Smith\\nEd. H., Smith, R. R., Smith R. R., Smith Samuel, Snay Moses, Soyles yrenius C.\\nSticknev Jos., Thompson Benj., Thompson David, Turner Win., VanHorn Henry,\\nWebster Rielly O Wellington J. H., Whittock Abram, Wilber Silas, Wilson\\nChristopher, Witbeck Clark, Yates Isaac, Young D. F.\\nTHE SEVENTEENTH INFANTRY,\\ncomprising 982 men and officers, moved from Detroit Aug. 27,\\n1862. It took an an active part in the war, and rendered efficient\\nservice in suppressing the rebellion. It served with the army of\\nthe Potomac, and was present in the seige of Petersburg. It took\\npart in the grand review at Washington, and was mustered out\\nJune 7, 1865. This regiment did not contain many from this\\ncounty, as is seen below:\\nOfficers. Albert Daniels, of Richland, Asst. Surgeon, Aug. 8, 1862; resigned Dec.\\n15, 1663.\\nV\\\\ illiam S. Logan, Richland, 2nd Lieut. June 17, 1862; was wounded at Antie-\\ntam, Sept. 17, 1802; promoted 1st Lieut., Feb. 22, 1863; Capt., Sept. 19, 1863: was\\nwounded at the Wilderness May 7, 1864; made prisoner at Spottsylvania, May 12,\\n1861; gained to command Dec. 10, 1861, and mustered out June 3, 1865.\\nKilled.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fixil R. Randall, at South Mountain, Sept, 14, 1862.\\nDischarged. 1862\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Colburn Norman J. 1863 Comstock J. B., Fischer Wm.,\\nPerkins Guy C, Verbeck Sylvester. 1865 O Dell Sam.\\nTHE TWENTY-TniRD INFANTRY\\nwas organized at East Saginaw in August, 1S62, under Col. Mar-\\nshall VV. Ohapin. Oliver L. Spatilding was apuointed Lieut. -Col.\\nApril 6, 1863, and Colonel April 16, 1861.\\nThe command was tilled by volunteers from the Sixth Congres-\\nsional District, comprising the counties of Clinton, Shiawassee,\\nGenesee, Gratiot, Saginaw, Tuscola, Huron, Isabella, Midland, Bay,\\nIosco, Alpena, Chippewa, Marquette, Houghton, Ontonagon, and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0362.jp2"}, "363": {"fulltext": "BISTORT OF s.\\\\ .INA\\\\V COUNTY. 359\\na few others not organized. D. II. Jerome was appointed com-\\nmandant of camp, [t left East Saginaw Sept. IS, and proceeded\\nat once to Kentucky, its muster rolls showing a force of 983 officers\\nand enlisted men. Until May 29, L863, it was employed in garri-\\nBoning that port, guarding railroad trains, etc. May 31 the regi-\\nment arrived at Glasgow. Marching from Glasgow, it proceeded\\nto Tompkinsville, from which place it started July 4 in pursuit of\\nthe rebels under Gen. John II. Morgan. Moving rapidly through\\nfilunfordsville. Elizabethtown and Louisville, it proceeded to Jef-\\nnville, Ind., Cincinnati, Portsmouth and Chillicothe, Ohio,\\nand arrived at Paris. Ivy.. June 29, just in time to save the railroad\\nbridge from destruction, and a small force stationed at that point\\nfrom capture bv a rebel force that made an attack soon after the\\narrival of the regiment. The rebels retired after a short skirmish.\\nLeaving Paris Aug. 4. the regiment proceeded via Lexington and\\nLouisville to Lebanon, and thence to Xew Market. It was here\\n_;ned to the 2nd brigade, 2nd division, 23d corps. Leaving New\\nMarket Aug. 17, it participated in the advance into East Tenn-\\nessee, arriving at Loudon Sept. 4. On the loth it made a forced\\nmarch, 3 miles, to Knoxville, and moved thence to Morristown. It\\nreturned to Loudon on the 19th. With the exception of these and\\nsome minor movements, the regiment remained near Loudon dur-\\ning September, and entered on picket and entrenchment duty in\\nOctober. The deaths from disease during the year numbered 109,\\nand 1 killed in battle.\\nDuring the first two weeks of November, 1863, this regiment\\nwas in camp opposite Loudon. Last Tennessee, doing picket duty,\\nwhence it marched to Lenoir. The regiment, with the army, then\\nreturned toward Huff s Ferry, and attacked the enemy, driving\\nthem some miles toward the Ferry. On the following morning\\nthe command fell back to Lenoir. On the 16th orders were\\nreceived to destroy the transportation equipage and officers bag-\\nand turn over the teams to the several batteries. The papers\\nand records were here lost or destroyed. The retreat to Knoxville\\nthen commenced, the enemy vigorously pressing the pursuit. A\\nhalt was ordered at Campbell s Station, and an endeavor made to\\nik the rebel advance. The position was maintained against\\nrepeated attacks of the enemy for several hours, when the com-\\nmand, tired and hungry, continued the retreat, through mud and\\nrain, to Knoxville, where it arrived at 4 A. M., on the 17th, after\\na march i i 28 miles and a battle of five hours duration, without\\nfood or rest. The loss of the regiment in these movements Mas\\n8 killed, 23 wounded and 8 missing. The regiment assisted\\nactively in the defense of Knoxville, until the siege was raised on\\nthe 5th of December. Dec. 7 it marched in pursuit of the\\nretreating rebels, and on the 13th went into camp at Blaine s\\nCross Roads, where it was stationed until the 25th, when it received\\norders to proceed to Strawberry Plains and build fortifications at\\nthat place. From the commencement of the retreat to Knoxville", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0363.jp2"}, "364": {"fulltext": "360 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nto this time the regiment suffered greatly. It subsisted on quarter\\nrations of meal and fresh beef, foraged from the country. It had\\nfew tents, and many of the men were without blankets, overcoats\\nor shoes.\\nJan. 14, 1864, the regiment marched to Dandridge, but on the\\n17th fell back to Strawberry Plains, whence, on the 21st, the\\nmarch was continued to a point near Knoxville, where it was sta-\\ntioned until Feb. 15, engaged on picket and out-post duty. The\\nenemy s cavalry attacked its pickets Jan, 27, and mortally wounded\\none man and captured seven others. The regiment returned to\\nStrawberry Plains Feb. 23, where it encamped until the 29th.\\nThence it proceeded to New Market and Mossy creek, and on the\\n12th to Morristown, returning to Mossy creek on the 18th. There\\nis no report of the movements of the regiment during the month\\nof April. May 2 it moved from Charleston, Tenn. On the 7th it\\nmarched toward Tunnel Hill, and on the 8th encountered the\\nenemy at Rocky Face. The regiment advanced as skirmishers,\\nand took possession of a ridge in front of the enemy s works. On\\nthe 9th it was engaged in a reconnaissance of the rebel position.\\nMoving from Rocky Face and marching through Snake Creek Gap,\\nthe regiment arrived in front of Resaca on the 13th, and on the\\nfollowing day participated in an unsuccessful charge on the enemy s\\nworks, losing, in a few minutes, 62 men killed and wounded.\\nThe enemy having evacuated Resaca, the regiment engaged in\\nthe pursuit, and came up and skirmished with them on the 24th,\\non the Etowah river. The rebel forces having fallen back to\\nDallas, the regiment took a position in front of their vvorks at that\\npoint, which it occupied from the 27th to the 1st of June, and dur-\\ning this time, was almost constantly, day and night, engaged in\\nskirmishing. May 31 it assisted in repelling a charge made on\\nour lines. The regiment participated in the various movements\\nfollowing the retreat of the enemy from Dallas, and was engaged\\nat Lost Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, on the Chattahoochee river,\\nand before Atlanta. It was present at the capture of the latter\\nplace, and subsequently moved to Decatur, Ga. This department,\\nhowever, has received no detailed report of these operations. The\\nregiment marched from Decatur, Oct. 3, in pursuit of the rebel\\narmy under Gen. Hood, who was then moving northward through\\nGeorgia and Alabama to the Tennessee river. During the month\\nit marched to Marietta, Dallas, New Hope Church, Big Shanty,\\nAlatoona, Carters ville, Kingston and Rome. From Rome it\\nmoved to Calhoun, thence to Resaca, and through Snake Creek\\nGap to Villanon, Snmmerville and Cedar Bluff, xlla.\\nDuring the year 42 died in battle, 49 of disease, 75 were wounded\\nand 32 made prisoners. Having taken a distinguished part in the\\naffairs at Fort Anderson, Feb. 18; Town creek, Feb. 20; Washing-\\nton, Feb. 21, and Goldsboro, March 22, 1865, it was mustered out\\nof service at Salisbury, and reported at Detroit July 7, 1865.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0364.jp2"}, "365": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF BAGINAW COUNTY. 361\\nOfficers. Nelson A. Babcock, Saginaw City, was commissioned 2d Lieut, Not\\n12, and resigned Nov. 80, the Bame yen-.\\nAlonzo If. Crandall, of Fremont, Sergeant Co. L was commissioned 2d Lieut..\\nFeb. 24, 1864; Isl Lieut, Oct. 6, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865.\\nI., ter E. Cross, of Saginaw City, commissioned 2d Lieut, Aug. 1, 1862; ls1\\nLinn.. Oct 19, 1862; resigned Dec. IT. 1862.\\na L. Davis mustered into service as Sergeanl of Co. B, Aug. 6, 1802; pro-\\nmoted 2d Lieut, Dec. 17,1862; 1st Lieut, ami Q. C, July 20, 1863; was discharged\\nfor disability, Feb. 23, 1864\\n.1 iid -on II. Gregg, of Ihesaning, volunteered Aug. 9, 1862, as Sergeanl of Co. B;\\nwas commissioned 2d Lieut, A.ug. 15, 1864, and mustered out, June 28, 1865.\\nDexter D. Keeler, Bast Saginaw, Sergeant .Major. A.ug.6, 1862; 2d Lieut, June\\n25, 1868; ls1 Lieut, Oct. 6, 1864; Captain, Dec 29, 1864; was mustered out after\\nsen ice al the Western posts-\\nWilliam A. Lewis, East Saginaw, 2d Lieut., Aug. I, 1862; 1st Lieut., Oct. 3,\\n1862; Captain, Oct 6, 1864; was mustered out June 28, 1865.\\ntries D. Little, of Saginaw, commissioned 1st Lieut, and M Aug. 6, 1862;\\nned July 20, 1863.\\nGideon A Lyons, Saginaw, Sergeanl Co. C, Aug. 21,1862 2d Lieut.. Dec.\\n29, 1862; 1st Lieut, April 16, 1864; Captain, Aug. 15, ls64;was transferred to\\n28th Int June 28, 1865, and mustered out June 11, 1866.\\nBenryC. Norville, Saginaw, commissioned Captain, Aug. 1, 1862; died ofdis-\\nOct. 8, 1862.\\nTalbol Sleno, Saginaw, Commissionary Sergeant, Aug. 2. 1862; 2d Lieut., Oct.\\n0, 1864; ls1 Lieut.. .March 1, 1865 was mustered out June 28, is*;.-,.\\nBenry Woodruff, Last Saginaw, commissioned Captain 23d Inf., Aug 1, 1862;\\niit-d Aws. 24, 1864.\\nLewis D. Kicker, at Louisville, Dec. 6, 1862; Leonard Stearns, al\\nBowling Green, Dec. 10, 1862; Gerardus Becker, at Bowling Green, Dec. 30, 18*52;\\nW. !l, II. Cleveland, at Bowling Given, Dec. 30, 1802; John Decker, at Frank-\\nfort, Dec. 30, 1862; E. E. Deane, al Frankfort, Dec. 30, 1862: Clark J. Briggs, at\\nFrankfort. Dec. 30,1862; Daniel L. Dennett, at Frankfort, Nov. 5, 1862; Sylvan\\nCornford, at Lebanon, Nov. 1, 1862; Joshua Whittle, at Lebanon, Nov. 1,\\nL862; Charles 8. Gustin, at Barrodsburg, Nov. 30, 1862; Daniel S. Potter, at\\nLouisville, Nov. 22, 1862; Edwin Warden, at Nashville, April 10, 1863; Lucien\\nB. lyrrell, al Resaca, June 25, 1863 Andrew L. Marvin, at Marietta, June 27,\\n1863; John Dufflo, at Resaca, May 14, 1863; Daniel Wakefield, at Resaca, May 14,\\n1863; Ceo. Biddlecomb, at Resaca. .May 14. 1863; Win. C.Stuart, at Resaca, May 14,\\n1863; Wallace King, at Chattanooga, Julv 24 I860: Ed. Van Dusen, at Knoxville,\\nFeb. 1st; I; Wallace W. Boune, at Franklin. Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864; Louis Pippin,\\nal Stone Mi., Ala., Sept. 7. 1864.\\nDied of Wounds or Disease. Wm. Andrews, at Bowling Green, Ky., 1803: Ed-\\nward Pierce, al Bowling Green, 1863; Ceo. W. Alger, at Bowling Green, 1863;\\nWm. O. Walker, at Bowling Green, 1863; Alanson Simons, at Bowling Green,\\n1863; Freeman F Stoddard, at Glasgow, Ky., June 11,1863; Wm. Savage, at\\nKnoxville, Dec 11, 1863; Henry Paine at Lexington, Sept. 7,1864; Andrew\\nJohnson, al NTew Albany. June 15, 1804: John Backer, at Bowling Green. March\\n363; Ed. C. Barrington, al Detroit, Dec. 8, 1*04; Albert E.Smith, at Smith-\\nville, N. c, Feb. 2 1 1865; Aetna Pettis, in Libby prison, May 18, 1804: Benry\\nC Jennings, al Louisville, Feb. 12, 1865,\\nDischarged. 1865 Blackmer R., Briggs Hubbard, Carpenter Wm.. Cobb\\nL Honeywell s.. Malone Win., Morse Jay, Munger J. D., Paine Roger,\\nbase A., Rouse W.B., Simms M. A., Surryhead Ed. Ward J., Wilcox\\nEp., Wrighl J.E. 1864-Becker Alonzo, Devine Thomas. Doud Geo W.,\\nFletcher John, Fremont Benj., Barrington .lames. Bigley Milton, Lemon\\nWm., Bfetzger John J., Ormsby too m. Porter Albert, Smith Seneca. 1865\\nAllen Ethan c., Allen Robert, Allen W. II.. Anthony Geo., Armstrong L.\\nT Barnes John. Barnum Allen. Beach M.. Decker Alonzo, Beers Luther J.,\\nBemway Diehard, Bennetl E. 8., Bennett Judd, Bissell Jerome T., Blackmer\\nAustin, Bouns Nelson M., Brant Wm., Brennan James Drown John,\\nBuchanan W. R., Bullock Wm., Burt Eugene, Butts C. II.. Cam S.. Carlton\\nSidivy, Carpenter W. D., Chapman Jefferson, Clayton John E., Cleveland\\nLibbins. Cleveland M..L. Cooper Thomas, Delavryne Louis, Dent R II.,\\nDewey Richard, Doran Peter, Doyle Godfrey, Finney Edmund. Fisher Ben.,\\nFix M., Fletcher John, Fortier Jacob, Freeland Geo., Gerow John A., Gil-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0365.jp2"}, "366": {"fulltext": "362 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nlet Milan, Goff Nelson, Grey Geo., Griffin James H., Hall Geo., Hall J. M.,\\nHendsallM., Horton Charles, Horton W. J, Hubbard Eugene, Irish John,\\nJacob Michael, Jock Peter, John-on Morris, Johnson D. W., Jones Wm.,\\nKnobe Charles, Lense Joseph, Litgers Lazarus, Lonsby W., Lucke A., Lud-\\nlum A. E., Mahew F, Mayhap Jo-eph, Marr 15. F. N., Matter Wm., McFarland\\nAndrew, McGregor Wm Merrick J, C, Merrill A. J., Miller John F.,\\nMonroe J. S., Moore Eli, Morgan W. W., Mould T., Jr., Neff G A., Neff II.\\nC, Ormsby Geo. II.. Osborn Duane, Overton J. H.; Powelson, Wallace;\\nRichmond Ira, Radoo Aaron, Roberts Alexander, Robinson J. H., Roland\\nJohn B., Saxton Wm. H., Serring Charles, Shantzell Michael, Smith J. B.,\\nSmith Seneca, Snider Bates, Steirn 0., Strong Wm., Tremper M. O. Van\\nDusen Harrv, Walcott Wm., Wellman J. R., Whitman Nathan, Williams\\nAmbrose R. Williams A. 0., Wiltsie M. D., Wonch Richard, Wood Wm.,\\nWoodruff A., Woodruff D. M., Workrun John, ZieroffJos.\\nTWENTY-SEVENTH INFANTKY\\nwas organized at Ypsilanti, April 12, 1863. The nucleus of the\\n27th was ordered from Port Huron to the former point, where it\\nwas consolidated with the 28th Inf. under the name of the 27th.\\nEight companies of 108 men each, or 861, were mustered in on the\\n12th of April, and ordered to report at Cincinnati, where the reg-\\niment completed its organization.\\nThe regiment was stationed at various posts in Kentucky, until\\nthe 9th corps, to which it was attached, was sent in June to Missis-\\nsippi. It moved with the army in its advance on Jackson, Miss.,\\nin July, and in a skirmish near that place on the 11th of that\\nmonth, lost two killed and five wounded. After the evacuation of\\nJackson by the rebels it participated in a reconnaissance to Pearl\\nriver, and thence returned to Milldale, Miss. During the follow-\\ning month, August, the regiment returned with the 9th corps to\\nKentucky. Sept. 10 it was ordered to proceed to Cumberland\\ngap. It arrived at the gap on the 20th, and from thence marched\\nto Knoxville, Tenn., arriving at that place Sept. 26. In 1863,\\nthree soldiers died in action, 20 of disease and six were wounded.\\nThe history of the 27th during 1864 is an exceptionally brilliant\\none. From Knoxville to Poplar Grove church it distinguished it-\\nself on every field, losing over 200 men who fell in action, 57 who\\ndied of disease, and 511 who were wounded. Toward the close of\\nthe war it served at Fort Steadman, Port Mahon, and at the siege\\nand capture of Petersburg from June, 1861, to April 3, 1865, re-\\nceiving its discharge at Detroit, July 30, 1865.\\nOfficers. Alonzo L. Bingham, of East Saginaw, commissioned Captain Oct. 10,\\nL862; wounded in action at Jackson, Miss., July 11, 1863; again at the Wilderness,\\nMay 6, 1804; a third time at Spottsylvania, May 12, 1SG4, and again at Petersburg,\\nJuiie 28, 1864; was mustered out July 26, 1865.\\nOliver I. Davison, East Saginaw, Sergeant Co. H. Nov. 14, 1862 commissioned\\n2d. Lieut., May 25, 1863 1st. Lieut., April 20, 1864 wounded in action near Peters-\\nburg, July 30, 1864; commissioned Captain 1st. Ind p t. Co. Sharpshooters, Nov.\\n15, 1864 Brevet Major U. S. Vols. March 13, 1865, for distinguished services was\\nmustered out July 26, 18G5.\\nDied of Wounds r Disease\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Edwin Rose, at Milldale, Miss., July, 1863; Peter\\nSmith, at Milldale, Miss., July, 1863; Enoch Bennett, at Milldale, Miss., July,\\n1863; Barton Edsall, at Knoxville, Tenn., Dec. 1, 1863; Albert Ammee, killed at\\nSpottsylvania, May 12, 1864; Jas. B. Helch, killed at Spottsylvania, May 12, 1864;\\nRichard Cainpeau, killed at Spottsylvania, May 12, 1864; W. H. Smith, killed be-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0366.jp2"}, "367": {"fulltext": "HI8T0K OF sai.LNAW COUNTY. 305\\nfore Fredericksburg Lewis Clement, killed before Fredericksburg; Beuj. Com-\\nfort, killed before Fredericksburg Stephen Ward, died of disease al Detroit,\\nApril 20, 1864 ;U.C.Soper died in rebel prison, March I. L864; R. R. Moll died\\nin prison at Florence; S. C, 1864; Jerome Turn it died al Harwood Hospital, June\\n80, i s, \u00c2\u00bbl yrus L. Sparks died al Annapolis, May 2, 1864 Augustus Madison died\\nllaire, O., April 1864; John i ameron died al Andersonville, May 25, 1864.\\nhargtd. 1863\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Davison Geo. L864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Benjamin I!. I... McMahon Thomas,\\nMills Pool, Pratt W. A., Segmiller Geo., Stablecock J., Ward John, Whitman\\ni. 1865 Abbe Howard J., Auice H. C, Block Fred, Chadwick Richard,\\nComforl Thomas, Connor James, David, Dendon Win., Derby H. B., Filz-\\nld Thomas, Gavin Dominick, Hunt A. G., Lackland Leonard, La TouitteJ\\nLowtzki Fritz, McKeever Wm., McKenzie Wm., Molloy Michael. Owen\\nWillis, Parks II. S., Rosborough Joseph, Runciman Francis, Spicer Hiles, Stone\\nhouse, Stephen Stut Andrew J., Wilbur John, Wray James.\\nTHE TWENTY-NINTH INFANTRY\\nwas organized at Saginaw, July 29, 1864, by Hon. JohnF. Driggs,\\nand mustered into BerviceOct. 3, L864, with 856 officers and men.\\nThe command left Saginaw, Oct. 6, for Nashville, under Col.\\nThomas Savior.\\nThe command was stationed at Decatur, Ala., garrisoning that\\nplace until Nov. 24, when it marched to Murfreesboro, Tenn. ar-\\nriving there on the 27th, it composed a part of the force at that\\npoint (luring the siege of Nashville and Murfreesboro by the en-\\nemy under Hood, and was engaged with the enemy Dec. 7, at\\nOverall reek. )n the L3th it was sent out as an escort of a rail-\\nroad train to procure fuel, when it was attacked by a superior force\\nof infantry and artillery near Winchester church, when a severe\\nbattle ensued, in which the enemy was repulsed with loss, the\\nregiment losing seventeen killed, wounded and missing. The\\nenemy having taken up the track, the regiment succeeded in relay-\\ning it under tire, and saved the train, bringing it into Murfrees-\\nboro by hand, after the engine had been disabled by a shell. On\\nthe L5th and L6th, while guarding a forage train at Alexandria,\\nnear Murfreesboro, it became engaged with two brigades of the\\nenemy s cavalry, on the Shelbyville pike, with slight loss, and\\nwas also engaged at Nolansville on the 17th. On the 27th it\\nmoved by rail to Anderson, and was assigned to duty guarding\\nthe Nashville Chattanooga railroad; remaining there until July\\nfollowing, it moved to Dechard, and thence to Murfreesboro, ar-\\nririug thereon the 19th, and was employed on garrison duty until\\nSept. 6, when it was mustered ou1 of service, and on the 8th left\\nfor Michigan, arriving on the 12th at Detroit, where it was paid\\nofl and discharged. During its term of service it took part in the\\nfollowing battles and skirmishes: Decatur, Ala., Oct., 26, 27,2$,\\nL864; overall Creek, Tenn., Dee. 7, 1864} Winsted Church, Tenn.,\\nDec. L3, L864; Shelbyville Tike. Tenn;, Dec. 15, 10, 1864; Nolans-\\nville, Tenn., Dec. 17, L864.\\nre. John A. Berger, of Frankenmuth, was commissioned Lieut., July 2!),\\n1864, and mustered out Sept. 16. 1865.\\nAJanaon B.Cole, of Salina, was mustered into service Aug. 20, 1864, as I\\nmissary Sergeant; commissioned 2nd Lieut., July 7, 1866, and mustered out Sepj. 6,\\nthe Bame year.\\n22", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0367.jp2"}, "368": {"fulltext": "360 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTitus Duncan, commissioned Surgeon July 29, 1864, resigned March 19, 1865.\\nDaniel E. Guiley, Bridgeport, Sergeant Co. D, Aug. 22, 1864 2d Lieut., July 7,\\n1865; mustered out Sept. 6, 1865.\\nTruman W. Hawley was mustered iuto service July 29, 1864 mustered out Sept.\\n25, 1865.\\nEdwin Saunders, Saginaw, commissioned Captain July 29, 1854, was mustered\\nout Sept. 6, 1865.\\nGeo. T. Swim, St. Charles, commissioned Captain July 29, 1864, resigned March\\n27, 1865.\\nEdwin C. Turver, Saginaw, Sereeaht Co. C, Sept. 22, 1864; 2d Lieut., Dec.\\n15, 1864; was mustered out Sept. 16, 1865.\\nWilliam H. Tuttle, Saginaw, commissioned 2d Lieut. July 29, 1864; 1st Lieut.\\nFeb. 19, 1865, was mustered out Sept. 6, 1865.\\nRobert Whitton, East Saginaw, Hospital Steward, Aug. 17, 1864; 2d Lieut. Aug.\\n7, 1865, was mustered out Sept. 6, 1865.\\nDied of Wounds or Disease. Ceo. Poyness, at Vassar, Mich, Sept. 6, 1864;\\nStephen Vangile, at Madison, Ind., Dec. 10, 1864; William Lewis, at Huntsville,\\nAla., Dec. 10, 1864; P. A. Van Fliet, at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. lo, 1864; Win. C.\\nBottsford, at Stevenson, Ala, Feb. 19, 1865; Geo. Reynolds, at Mufrreesboro,\\nMarch, 25, 1865; Robert Binder, at Jefferson, Ind., April 7, 1865; Geo. Sharpstein,\\nat Hilton Head,S. C, May 19, 1865.\\nDischarged. The regiment was discharged Sept. 1865, and then consisted of the\\nfollowing men: Ames W. A., Andrus S., Arman John, Backer R., Bean Patrick,\\nBerry F., Blair Perry, Bloemlien J., Boetcher W., Braley Ephraim, Brandstaller\\nC, Brown Francis, Burling Aug Burlison Wm., Butler H., Campbell C,\\nChennell R., Clarke T., Cole Alanson B., Cook Jerry, Crampton Charles, Cramp-\\nton Nathan, Croronover D. W., Cummings Wm., Davis John C, Denzie N.,\\nDeuzler J. L., Dico Henry, Doyle Fred, Eadley Charles, Edwards Ephraim,\\nEilenberg Chapman, Ewald^G., Fughman H., Fughman Matthew, Gilman Dan-\\niel, Gilman James, Glaser G., Goeppord. C, Godfrey George, Graham DeForest,\\nGraham J., Graham J., Graham W. H., Green H. L., Gugel P. L., Gusley J. H.,\\nGuilford R. D., Hammond D. N, Hartner C Harvey James, Haskell J. L., Haverly\\nJ., Hawes D. W., Heenan Thomas, Hoerauf M. W., Holiday O. W., Hollwede F.,\\nHomer L., Horn Thomas, Houghtaling Francis, Howard Herman A., Howe G. W.,\\nHoyt J., Hubbard Benj Hugenon P. J., Hutching E., Jacobs R., Johnson Charles,\\nJones John, Jones Stephen, Kipfmuller A., Kliplegal J., Klumpp Wm., Koch Ber-\\nnard, Kridman C, Lacy Lucius, Lawrence Thomas, Lipscomb E., List John J.,\\nLncks W., Malchon C, Marster John, Marsh James, Massuer P., McDonald Peter,\\nMcLean Murdock, McQueen James, Miller Hezekiah, Mills David L., Moeller H.,\\nMueller John, Morris John. Morris Wm., Mount Alford, Nelson B. D., Oakley M.\\nM., Ohland H., O Neil Wm., Orton A. Y., Pawlus J., Pearson Jos. E., Pelus C,\\nPine C. J., Rettineier Ed., Richner Sam., Rikowski C, Rindbolt T., Robbtose\\nJoseph, Robinson B. W., Rodamer J. F., Rose P. A., Sackett J. G., Sahs Adam,\\nSchirping Iheo., Schmidt John, Schmitzer John, Schmitzer J. C, Schuettle\\nCharles, Seeger F., Servier Fred., Smith John, Smith Lorenzo, Spellman, H. F.\\nSpencer Whitman, Stiles W. F., Stoltz Louis, Stoyl A., Struck John Tarpey\\nJames, Taylor H. M., Templeton D., Tromble F., Turner J., Valkner P., Valler J.,\\nValley Stephen, Van Ever Geo., Van Fleit R., Wagner J., Wagoner Robert, Ward\\nGeo., Ward Sam., Weber J. G., Weiss G. C, Wetz J., Wetz R., White Emerson,\\nWhitton Robert L., Winas Alonzo, Winnie C. W., Zilk Charles.\\nTHE FIRST CORPS ENGINEERS AND MECHANICS\\nwas organized at Marshall, under Col. W. P. Innes, and left for\\nLouisville Dec. IT, 1861. A detachment of this command, under\\nGen. O. M. Mitchell, was among the first battalions to enter Bowl-\\ning Green. The regiment was on duty on the railroads between\\nNashville and Chattanooga, Nashville and Columbia, Corinth and\\nDecatur, Huntsville and Stevenson, Memphis and Charleston, and\\nNashville and Louisville. During the first 11 months of its\\nservice, 75 men died of disease, 3 were killed, 17 wounded and 15", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0368.jp2"}, "369": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 367\\nmade prisoners. Toward the close of the year 1S62, the regiment\\nveaa reorganized with three battalions of four companies of 150\\nmen each, or 1.S0O men in toto.\\nJan. 1, 1863, while at Lavergne, the regiment was attacked by\\na cavalry force numbering between three and four thousand, with\\ntwo pieces of artillery, under the rebel Generals Wheeler and\\nWharton. The rebels retreated with considerable loss, after having\\nvainly endeavored to compel a surrender. The loss of the regiment\\nwas one killed and six wounded. June 29 the regiment received\\norders to move south from Murfreesboro, to open and repair the\\nline of the Nashville Chattanooga railroad. During July and\\nAugust it was engaged in repairing the railroad from Murfreesboro\\nto Bridgeport. In July the regiment built five bridges, one of\\nwhich, ever Elk river, was 400 feet in length, and one at Duck\\nriver crossing 350 feet in length.\\nDuring September and ctober, detached companies were em-\\nployed in building a bridge at Chattanooga, making pontoons for a\\nbridge at Bridgeport, constructing commissary buildings at Ste-\\nveu.-oti, building and repairing bridges, etc., on lines of the Nash-\\nville Chattanooga railroad, and the Nashville Northwestern\\nrailroad. Oct. 31 the headquarters of the regiment were at Elk\\nriver bridge, Tenn. During the year, in addition to the work\\nmentioned, the regiment got out a large amount of timber for\\nbuilding, and a great number of railroad ties, and performed a very\\nlarge amount of repairing to railroad tracks and stations.\\nThe Engineers and Mechanics carried on their operations around\\nChattanooga during the year L864. In the fall, the headquarters\\nof the command were moved to Atlanta, Ga. The deaths from\\ndisease luring the year numbered 112. Together with performing\\nthe onerous duties which devolve on such an organization, it took\\nan active part in the following battles and skirmishes: Mill Springs,\\nKv .Ian. l .t; Farmington. Miss.. May 9; siege of Corinth, May 10\\nto 31; Perryville, Kv.. Oct. 8, 1S62; Lavergne, Tenn,, Jan. 1;\\nChattanooga, Tenn.. Oct. 6, 1863; siege of Atlanta, from July 22\\nSept. 1: Savannah, Ga.. Dec. 1 1 to 21, 1804, and Bentonville,\\nN.Carol na, March 10, 1865. The command reported fordischarge\\nat Jackson, Sept. 25, and six days later was disbanded.\\nDied of /Us,, is, Wounds Edward Cowan, at Stevenson, July 29, 1864; Rich-\\nmond hauford, at Cciit.Tviiic.AuL;-. I. 1864; Joel Eastman, al Ringold, Aug. 28,\\n1864; Charlea II. Duncan, at Selma, Ala.. Feb. 1, 1865.\\nDischarged.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1862.-M3uillot1 Peter, Snyder Batus. 1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Burdick E. D., Con-\\nnelly Phillip, Cornwell -lame-. Guillotte Eugene, Hall David, Miller Joseph,\\nValley James K. 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Arnold II. P.. Bauford Oliver, Bates W. A, Bludner\\nFrank I- Burdick Charles P., Burr Win. Chesterfield Al., Cornell James S.,\\nCotter Dennis, Coyne John. Davidson Wm., Dunne John, Fitzgerald John,\\nFourme Charles, Gabraith James, GirouxJohn, Hall Roderick, Holmes John,\\nKing Patrick, Leighton Anthony, Lockley James, Mantich Wm., McGaw Martin,\\nMcLaren Rob t, McMichael Geo., McNamara Denis, Meader James M., Milan\\nWm.. Morton Theo., Nye Charles, O Brien Michael, O Brien Wm. B, O Grady\\nMartin. Oveesby Wm., Parish Amhony, Richardson Dan., Savage Wm., Stokes\\nHenry, Stone M. I)., Stone Robert, Tonally James, Valley James K., Weaver J.\\nM White Oscar E., Williams G. II., Wilson John, Wisson Wm.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0369.jp2"}, "370": {"fulltext": "368 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFIRST MICHIGAN SHARPSHOOTERS\\nwas partially organized in September, 1862, at Kalamazoo; and\\ncompleted its organization as a battalion at Dearborn, in January,\\n1863. It numbered 963 names, under the command of Col. C. v.\\nDe Land. The service of this regiment throughout the war was\\nexceptionally brilliant. It took an active part in the siege of\\nPetersburg.\\nOfficers. Edwin V. Andress of Chesaning, was commissioned Captain July 22,\\n1863; wounded in the action of Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. He was dis-\\ncharged on account of disability July 26, 1864.\\nCasualties. Sash-ke-bouquot was accidentally killed at Camp Douglas,\\nChicago, Dec. 27, 1863; Thomas Wabesis died at Isabella. Mich., Jan. 7, 1864.\\nDischarged. 1865 Cain Geo. A., Chetego Thomas, Church Albert, Corbin\\nGeorge, Dennis James, Dutton L., Hero William, Jackson Wm, Keabuorga\\nGeo., Shaw-an-ax Joseph, Stone Harrison, Whipple Olson W.\\nOTHER INFANTRY COMMANDS.\\nOwing to the small number of Saginaw volunteers in a few of\\nthe infantry regiments furnished by the State, the following per-\\nsonal mention merely is necessary:\\nSeventh Inf. The representation of this county in the 7th was held by Virgil R-\\nLamson, until he fell at Frederick, Md., Sept. 24, 1862.\\nNinth Inf. In this regiment the county had Sinrett McCartney, who died at\\nNashville, Oct. 11, 1862; Robert A. Hamilton, disabled Nov. 18, 1862; John\\nConsidine and Cicero Weathers, mustered out Sept. 15, 1865.\\nEleventh Inf. contained Joseph Kitelinger, killed at Stone river, Dec. 31, 1862:\\nand Charles McQuade, Stephen Pettibone, Frederick Joslin, Silas D. Patterson,\\nand Lyman D. Whittaker, discharged Sept, 16, 1863.\\nFifteenth Inf. comprised Tony O Hara, discharged for re-enlistment Feb. 14,\\n1864; and August Otto, Isaac Totten, L. D. Webster, Druses Shumway, Stewart\\nDouglas, Milan Calvin and Munson A. Simmons, mustered out Aug. 13, 1865.\\nNineteenth Inf. Saginaw county furnished one officer to this regiment,\\nDwight J. Corwin, of Brady, Sergeant Co. K, was promoted 1st Lieut., Jan. 31,\\n1865, and discharged June 10, 1865.\\nTwenty-second Inf. C. W. Winnie and Stephen Sturtevant were transferred to\\nthe 29th for muster-out; Duncan Morrison was discharged June 11, 1865.\\nTwenty-fourth Inf. John Chapman was reported mtssing Aug. 19, 1864, and\\ndied at Salisbury, N. C, Dec. 9; George H. Barnum died April, 1865; and Thomas\\nMi Mann, Geo. Brown, and Wm. Devaney were mustered out June 30, 1865.\\nTwenty-fifth Inf. contained Albert Stanton, discharged June 13, 1865.\\nTwenty-eighth Inf. contained Isaac J. Brooks, of Maple Grove, Sergeant Co. B\\ncommissioned 2d Lieut., Dec. 20, 1865, and discharged, June 5, 1866; and pri-\\nvates Wm. Bullock, J. E. Clayton, J. Fortier, Geo. E. Anthony, Lazarus Litzgus,\\nMourad Fisk, and John Workman, who were mustered out in the fall of 1865.\\nThirtieth Inf. contained Therson T. Hubbard, of Saginaw, commissioned as\\nAsst. Sergeant Dec. 30, 1864; Surgeon 23d Inf. May 2, 1865, mustered out June\\n28, 1865; and Ansel J. Kane, of Richland, commissioned 1st Lieut., Nov. 28,\\n1864, and mustered out June 23, 1865.\\nTHE FIRST CAVALRY\\nwas organized in August, 1861, under Col. T. F. Brodhead. It\\nleft Detroit Sept. 29th for Washington, with a force of 1,144 men\\nand officers. It participated in all the actions along the UppLT\\nPotomac, and Shenandoah, and east of the Blue Kidge mountains.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0370.jp2"}, "371": {"fulltext": "HI8T0R? OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 369\\nbefore the close of the year, with the result of losing 30 men\\nkilled. wounded, 60 who died of disease, and 17 who were\\nmode prisoner-.\\nDuring the early pari of the year 1863 this regiment was\\nengaged in guard duty in front of Washington, on a line extend-\\ning from Edward s perry to the mouth of the Occoquan. The\\nduty was the most arduous and difficult the regiment had to per-\\nform, requiring incessant watchfulness and vigilance; but while\\ntwo cavalry regiment- from other States, who were sharing in the\\nice, lost each about 200 men from the frequent attacks and\\nsurprises of Mosby s guerrillas, the loss of the 1st was only 30.\\nDuriDg the raid about the Union lines, made by the rebel Gen.\\nStuart, in February, a detachment of 56 men of this regiment were\\nsenl Mit to watch Ids movements. Near ccoquan the enemy came\\nwithin range of the carbines of tin- party, and fell back in confu-\\nsion at the first tire. Discovering the weakness of the force\\nopposed to them, the rebel cavalry recovered and charged vigor-\\nously with a large force, before which the detachment retired,\\nfighting from behind bushes, etc.. during a pursuit of several\\nmiles, with a resulting loss to Stuart s troopers of 15 in killed and\\nwounded, and to themselves of none. June 27, the regiment took\\nup it- line of march northward in the Gettysburg campaign, and\\nwa- in L5 engagements and skirmishes in as many days. July 3, at\\nGettysburg, it met. in a charge, Hampton s Legion, composed ot\\nthree regiments Virginia cavalry, and beat it in six minutes,\\nlosing so men ami 11 officers out of 300 that went into action. On\\nthe 4th. it met and defeated two regiments of rebel cavalry at\\nFairfield gap, sustaining further loss in officers and men. At\\nFalling Water, after a severe engagment, it captured 500 confed-\\nerates and two stand- of color- belonging to the 40th and 47th\\nVirginia infantry. The number of men lost by death during the\\nyear was 29.\\nThe operations of the command during 1864, from the expiration\\nof it- furlough at Detroit, Feb. 7, was of varied brilliancy. It\\nmade the crossing oi the Rapidan May 4, andserved in all the\\nprincipal battle- in which the army ofthe Potomac engaged dur-\\ning the summer of that year. In August it moved into Virginia,\\nand wa- attached to the army of the middle military division\\nunder General Philip II. Sheridan. The command marched 1*;4:\\nmiles during the year, lost 82 men in battle, had 102 wounded,\\nand 33 died of disease. During the winter of 1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 65 the regi-\\nment participated in the following engagements: Mount Craw-\\nford, Va.. Oct. 2, L864; Woodstock, Ya.. Oct. 9, 1864; Cedar\\nCreek, Va., Oct. 19, L864; Madison Ct. House. Dec. 24, 1864;\\nLouisa Ct. House, Va., Mar. 8, L865; Five Fork-. Va., March 30,\\n31, April 1. L865; South Side, Et. R., Va.. April 2, L865; Duck\\nPond Mill-. Va., April 4, 1865; Ridges, or Sailor s Creek, Va.,\\nApril*;. 1865; Apponimattox Ct. IF, use. Va., April 8, 9, 1865.\\nThe affair of Willow Springs, D. T., Aug. 12, 1865, in which S.\\nL. Matthews and Walter Cotton were killed fiiditino; against the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0371.jp2"}, "372": {"fulltext": "370 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nIndians, may be termed its last field day. The command re-\\nenlisted at Fort Bridger, in Nov., 1865, and consolidated with the\\n6th ife 7th Cav. Reg ts, forming the 1st Regt. Vet. Cav. Subse-\\nquently eight companies were stationed at Salt Lake City and four\\nheld Fort Bridger until March 10, 1866, when the entire command\\nwas mustered out.\\nDied of Disease.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Robert Mitchell, at San Antonio, Aug. 18, 1861; Alvin M.\\nBugsby, at San Antonio, Aug. 18, 1861.\\nDisch irged.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bsird David, Black W. J., Bradford T., Brush Matt R., Burns\\nAlbert, Darby J. P., Deyo G. W.. Dulabaugh Daniel, Dobson R. T., Fan- J., Fer-\\nris John, Fogle Matt, Gates Geo., Hall Benj., Johnson Ed., Jones Rob., Killem\\nSam., Kimball Wm., Kincaid E., Kusteroe John, McConnell A., McLaren A. J.,\\nOgden M. A., Perkins Sam., Rapleye D. L., Rock James, Rogers Levi, Saiumer-\\nscales Jesse, Smith John, Webb Russell J.\\nTHE SECOND CAVALRY\\nwas organized at Grand Rapids by F. W. Kellogg, and left for St.\\nLouis Nov. 14, 1861, with a force of 1,163 men and officers.\\nIn December and January it participated in the raid under Gen.\\nCarter, into East Tennessee, severing the enemy s communications\\nand destroying his stores. During this affair, which occupied\\n22 days, the regiment was engaged in several severe skir-\\nmishes. Soon afterward it proceeded to Louisville, and from\\nthence, Feb. 3, to Nashville, Tenn. During February and March\\nit was stationed at Murfreesboro and Franklin. It made many\\nimportant reconnaissances on the roads leading out of these places,\\nand had numerous skirmishes with the rebels. In February it\\nwas engaged, on the 18th near Milton, on the 19th at Cains-\\nville, and on the 27th near Spring Hill. On the 4th and 5th of\\nMarch it had a severe skirmish with the enemy, under Gens. Yan-\\nDorn and Forrest, on the Columbia Pike, the regiment losing one\\nkilled, four wounded and one captured. From the 8th to the 12th\\nit participated in an important reconnaissance, during which the\\nenemy were driven across Duck river. March 25 it had a sharp\\nencounter with a large force of rebels under Stearns and Forrest,\\nkilling and wounding a large number of the enemy, and capturing\\n52 prisoners, and a number of wagons loaded with arms,\\nammunition and baggage, with a loss to the regiment of one died\\nof wounds, six wounded and two missing. On the 4th of June,\\nwhile returning to Franklin from Triune, it had a brisk skirmish,\\nwith a loss of two killed and three wounded. Marching to Triune\\non the 6th, it remained at that point until the advance of the army\\nfrom Murfreesboro, when it moved forward with the cavalry di-\\nvision to which it was attached. On the 23d it was engaged at\\nRover. On the 24th it drove the enemy through Middletown, and\\non the 27th charged the rebels into Shelbyville. On the 2d of\\nJuly it aided in driving the enemy from Elk river ford, and on the\\n3d from Cowan. In the early part of September the regiment was\\nactively engaged in scouting among the mountains near Chatta-\\nnooga and in northern Ge u-gia. Le wing Rankin s ferry, on the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0372.jp2"}, "373": {"fulltext": "HI8T0BT OF SAGINAW COUNTY. :;71\\nTennessee, October 3d, the regiment participated in the chaseafter\\nthe rebel cavalry under Gen. Wheeler, who were then engaged in\\nmaking a raid on the communications of the army. During the\\npursuit of Wheeler the regiment crossed the Cumberland moun-\\ntains, marching on the 3d, 4th and 5th of October L03 miles, and\\non thf 6th, 7th and 8th 82 miles, the greater portion of the dis-\\ntance over rough and mountainous roads.\\nThe 2d took pari in numerous military affairs during 1864. From\\nDandridge, Dec. 24, 1863, to the battles in Alabama in Oct., L864,\\nit n well-merited honors. Of the troops forming this command,\\n25 fell in battle and 57 died of disease during the year.\\nI taring the month of I ecember, L86 I. the regiment participated in\\nthe actions of Nashville. Richland Cr.-, Pulaski and Sugar Cr. In\\n1865 it was engaged at Pricetown Yard, Corinth, Tusccaloosa,\\nTriune. Bridgeville and Talladega. The camp at Macon was\\nbroken up July 17. l s and detachments of the command sent\\nto occupy Perry, Thomaston, Barnsville, Forsyth and Milledge-\\nvillc. only two companies remaining in the garrison at Macon.\\nThe regiment reported at Jackson, Aug. 26, andreceived its dis-\\ncharge.\\nMerritt B. Blackmer, of Saginaw, commissioned 2d Lieut., Sept. 8,\\n1861; promotedlsl LieutSept. 25, 1862; resignedMay 17, 1803.\\ni. Carter, Easl Saginaw, commissioned 1st Lieut., Sept. 2, 1861; Captain,\\nBent 25, 1862; resigned Nov. 5, 1863.\\nHiram Jenkins of East Saginaw, Serjeant Co. A, August 28, 1801; 2d Lieut,,\\n6, 1864; Lai Lieut, July 31, 1865; was mustered out Aug. IT. 1865.\\nRoyal II. Loomis, Saginaw, Sergeanl Co. A, Aug-. 21. 1861; 2d Lieut., March 1,\\n1864; Captain, Dec 26, 1864; was mustered out Aug. 17, 1865.\\nTheo. F Smith, Easl Saginaw, Sergeanl Co. A., Aug. 22, 1801: 2d Lieut., Jan.\\n1,1863; 1st Lieut., .May 27. 1863; resigned May 4. 1804.\\ntatties. James L. Booth, killed May 7. 1862; James Ross, died at New\\nMadrid March 24, 1862; John Burga, died at Farmington, Miss., July 9, L862;\\nDavid 1). Still at Triune, Tenn., June 11, 1863; Irwin C. Bartlett, at Pulaski,\\nTenn. r Sept. 27, 1864; Ezekiel Lemmon, at Tuscaloosa, Ala., April 4, 1865.\\nDischarged. 1862 Davis Malcom B., Hazzard Thomas, Lennan Wm., Mc-\\nld John II.. Oliver Jerom.e, Parks Wm., Redson Thomas, Van Kough-\\nnatt Lester H., Way Thomas II. 1863\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bourassa BernardjF., Burley August,\\nCole Jonas W., Mead Jos L. 1864 Althouse 6eo.,Antbony has.. Bedford J., Beyer\\nMichael, Boyd Alex., Campbell Alonzo. Canfield .Clark V m., Clement Geo.,\\nCole David. 1 avis J, W Deman Ed Douglass .lames. Fay Alfred, Fisher in.,\\na Alonzo, Gordon Thomas, Graves E. O., Graves Ira, Green James P., Griffin\\nW, A.. Grover Eben, Boag Joseph, Harper R. 8., HigginsC. C, HurlbutSyl.,\\nHutchinson James, Jackson Francis, Jenkins 11. J., Jones J. M., Kimball E. S.,\\nn Henry, Lemmon Ezekiel, Lockwood Henry, Loomis R. 1L, Love John II.,\\nLynn Charles. Martindale Alpheus, Feel George, Reichel U., Sovay Charles,\\nburn Louis, Watkins Oretus. 1865 Andrews S. E., Anthony Charles,\\nBeyer Michael. Bierling Mathias, bourassa Barnhart, Cahoon Washington, hap-\\npel Lewi-. Danning Malcolm, Davis J. W., Donle} r Plumley, Gordon Chris.,\\nCrave- Grover Eben, Hale Albert M.. Higgins C. HoagJos Kimball E.S.,\\nLyon bag., Moody Bonaparte,* Hiver Jehiel, Parker Leoraard, Parks John 8., Reichel\\nLrlin, Richards John, Saphy harles, Bylvester F., Walker Wm., Washburn Lewis,\\nWatkins Oretus, W heeler Jehiel, Williams John II., Williamson Martin T.\\nTHE THIRD CAVALRY\\nwas organized at Grand Rapids, and left for the front, under Col.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2I. K. Mizner, Nov. 28, L861, with 1,163 rank and file. It entered", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0373.jp2"}, "374": {"fulltext": "372 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nupon field service at New Madrid, March 13, 1862. and concluded\\nits first and brilliant series of military work at Ooffeeville, Dec. 5,\\n1862. During the first 12 months its losses were as follows:\\nKilled 7, wounded 45, died of disease 104, made prisoners 59. In\\n1863 the command was prominent in almost ever} 7 well-fought\\nfield in northern Mississippi and western Tennessee. In addition\\nto the principal engagements, the regiment has participated in a\\nlarge number of skirmishes of minor importance. In the affair at\\nGrenada, the 3d was in the advance. It. gained possession of the\\ntown after a sharp engagement, and immediately commenced the\\ndestruction of the enemy s machinery and rolling stock accumu-\\nlated jat this point. Over 60 locomotives and more than 400\\ncars were destroyed. At Byhalia and Wyatt s Ford the regiment\\nwas warmly engaged. In these actions the enemy were completely\\nrouted, with large loss. The 3d Cav. aided largely in driving the\\nnotorious rebels, Richardson, Dawson and Cushman, from West\\nTennessee, together with numerous bands of guerillas that infested\\nthat section, and who were destroyed or dispersed by it. From\\nNov. 1, 1862, to the close of the war, the regiment captured an\\naggregate of 1.100 prisoners, nearly 50 of whom were commissioned\\nofficers, making the number of 2,100 prisoners taken from the\\nenemy by the 3d. During the year the regiment marched a dis-\\ntance of 10,800 miles, exclusive of marches by separate companies\\nand detachments. It lost 53 men by death, -S3 wounded and 38\\nprisoners. The service of the command in 1864 may be said to\\ndate from Aug. 1, when its equipment was completed, as a veteran\\nvolunteer regiment. During its campaign in 1S64 it lost 11 men\\nin the field and 115 by disease. After the capitulation of Mobile,\\nthe 3d Cav. formed Maj.-Gen. Canby s escort when he received the\\nformal surrender of the rebel army under Gen. Taylor. Subse-\\nquently it was attached to Sheridan s army, and remained in service\\nuntil Feb. 15, 1866, when it left en route to Jackson for discharge.\\nOfficers. Thomas Say lor, Saginaw, commissioned Captain, Sept. 7, 1861 Major\\nJuly 12, 1862; Colonel 29th Iufantry, July 29, 1864; was mustered out Sept. 6, 1865\\nJames H. Cardy, Saginaw, entered service Sept. 21, 1861, as Sergeant of Co. JVI\\nHe was promoted 2d Lieut., May 12, 1862; 1st Lieut., June 12, 1862; Captain\\nNov. 14, 1864; and resigned Nov. 8, 1865.\\nJohn G. Busch, Saginaw, entered service Sept. 2, 1861; appointed Commissary\\nSergeant; promoted 2d Lieut., Feb. 24,1863; 1st Lieut, and Quartermaster, May\\n24, 1864; was killed in the affair at Petersburg.,Va, Julv 30, 1864.\\nKilled.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Benj. Lade, at Water Valley, Misv, Dec. 8, 1862.\\nDied fron i Disease.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The following died in Alabama and Mississippi in 1862:\\nJohn Currier, Matthew White, Chris. Dambadier, Geo GJreflugiel, Egbert Eldred,\\nHarvey Moll, Joseph Johnson, Michael Ebbler, Nelson B. Hicks: Jackson Aldridge,\\nat DuVall s Bluff, July 8, 1864; Eldridge Godfrey, at Du Vall s Bluff, Aug. 10,\\n1861; James Lord, at Du Vall s Bluff, Aug. 24, 1864: Martin C. Bates, at San\\nAntonio, Texas, Sept. 1 5, 1865.\\nDischarged.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1862\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Holmes John, Lobdell Warner J., Rhodes John G., Richard-\\nson Charles; 1 863 McCullough John; 1861\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Andrews A. R., Austin Geo., Bashnell\\nJohn, Bloedin Edward, Bushel I., Decker Wm Finchart James, Flood R. A., Gable\\nHen rv, Hitchcock Amos D., Huss Herman, Johnson Krick Adam, Krogman\\nF., Manser F., Miller A. W., Miller R. A., Monaghan Francis, Patterson S. J., Pattie\\nC. D., Phy Nelson, Rank John, Rhodes S., Rupprecht I., Schnettler F., Smitzer J.\\nM., Swarthout C. M.: 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Andrews A. R.. Armsbruster Wm., Austin Geo., Backer", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0374.jp2"}, "375": {"fulltext": "HI8T0BT OF SAGINAW COTTNTT. 373\\nBeron A.. Brunning Gerrard, Buell James. Curtis Lazelle, Dean Jason. Decker\\nWin EblingJohn, Flood Reuben A.. Fox II. B, Fritz Godfried, Green Dennis, Hal-\\nBtead fttilo, Hicks Daniel Homer L. I... Kelly F., Kilbourn John, Liscomb\\nRinald, Lockhman Aug., Londback John, Marvin Henry, McCullcugh John, McDon-\\nnell Michael, Merrick Henry V.. Miller Arnold YV., Miller Oscar, Miller Reuben A.,\\nMonaghan Frank. Nafus William F., Xessell G., Patterson R. F., Pattersons. J.,\\nhi James P., Peck Germain, Phole F. W., Phy Nelson, Ponder John, Rhodes\\nSherman A., Schmitzger J., Schmitzger J. M., Sheffer .lames. Smith G., Smith\\ni. Stacey John, Stearns C. M., Tanner Joseph, Templar Allen, Vandermark A.\\nS., W inans John. Winklev Theo., Wisson James, Wright C. P.\\nFOURTH CAVALRY\\nwas organized at Detroit .Inly 21, 1862, under Col. R. H. G.\\nMinty. The command comprised 1,233 men and officers, fully\\nequipped as a cavalry regiment, and left for Louisville Sept. 26.\\nFor the ensuing three years it was actively engaged in various ser-\\nvices, always with honor to themselves. It participated in eight\\nimportant battles and more than a hundred skirmishes. The regi-\\nment was mustered out at Nashville, July 1, and July 10 it re-\\nported at Detroit for discharge.\\nKilled. James Stark, at Kingston, Ga May 13, 1864; John McMahon, at Kings-\\nton. May 15, 1804.\\nDischarged. 186*) Austin Hiram. Burns James H Card Jos., Chase Henry,\\nClayton Edwin, Drisco Darius, Edwards I). H., Falley Thomas, Field Gilbert, Fur-\\nf Rob., Hall Geo., Herrick Aug., Hubbard Ben, Hughes C. D., King Geo C,\\nowe John, Lucas Win., North A.. Bead Orville, Powell Charles, Powell Peter,\\nRielly Joseph, Bobinson J. W., Smith Cornelius, Snyder Douglas, Spaulding\\nburies, Stagg George, Taylor Perry, Underwood Sam., Wright Frank.\\nFIFTH CAVALRY\\nwas organized under Col. J. T. Copeland,in August, 1862, and left\\nfor AVashington Dec. 4. The command was engaged in important\\nservices during the war, and was generally successful in its\\nattempts. Its history is interesting, but would be out of place\\nwhen so few men from Saginaw were in the regiment.\\nKilled. Louis Derwin. at Winchester, Va., Sept. 1864; Alphonso Chant, at Sa-\\nlem. a.. )et. 23, 1864; Corwin Cenneydied at Andersonville, Nov. 14, 1864.\\nDischarged.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 George Geigrich and A. s. Aldrich in 1865.\\nSIXTH CAVALRY\\nwas organized at Grand Rapids by linn. F. W. Kellogg, and under\\nCol. Gray George proceeded to Washington, Dec. 10, 1862.\\nDuring the year 1863 this command gained some distinction\\nwhile attached to the army of the Potomac. Thirty-six men fell\\nin the action, 45 died of disease, 75 were made prisoners, and 65\\nwere missing.\\nThe work of the 6th was entered upon for the year 18 4, Feb.\\n28, when it went forward with the raiders under Gen. Kilpatrick.\\nIn June it participated in the series of magnificent movements\\nunder Gen. Sheridan, and served as his escort in the ride after", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0375.jp2"}, "376": {"fulltext": "374: HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMosby s rebel guerillas. It lost in battle 55 men, by disease 44,,\\nand 5 missing. The 6th served in the same actions as the 5th,\\nbeginning at Hanover, Va., June 30, 1S63, and concluding a bril-\\nliant service at the Appomattox Ct. House, April 9, 1865. It was\\nmustered out at Leavenworth, Kan., Nov. 24, 1865, and arrived at\\nJackson for discharge on the 30th of the same month.\\nOfficers. William J. Driggs, of East Saginaw, mustered into service Aug. 29,\\n186*2, as Corporal Co. L; transferred to Co. C, 7th Cav., Nov. 12, 1862; commissioned\\n1st Lieut. Sharpshooters, July 22, 1863, and discharged on account of disability\\nJuly 6, 1861; entered the U. S. army as 2d Lieut., Feb. 23, 1866; promoted 1st\\nLieut., Feb. 28, 1866, and was mustered out Jan. 30, 1871.\\nDiedofDi ene.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Seth B Hinkley, at Richmond, Nov. 2, 1863; A. F. Davis, at\\nAnnapoli-i, March 15, 1864; Joseph Stevenson, at Annapolis, April 2, 1864; Reuben\\nG. Parmelia, at Baltimore, March 26, 1865.\\nDischirged .1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bender John, Blaney Brock, Broderiek Saginaw, Confer\\nErastus, Darby John P., Driggs W J., Jone^ Robt., Kitridge Aaron, MacLaren A.\\nA Moore R*., Parmelia O A., Rapelye Dan., Smith Geo Smith Wra Stoltz\\nThomas, Voorhees AVm. M.\\nTHE SEVENTH CAVALRY.\\nThis regiment entered the field during the year 1863, two bat-\\ntalions leaving Grand Rapids for Washington Feb. 20, and the re-\\nmaining companies joining them in May. The number who died\\nin action during the year was 30; of disease, 50; prisoners, 75;\\nwounded, 62, and missing, 46. In February, 1864, the command\\nmoved forward under Gen. Kilpatrick. In May it crossed the\\nRapidan with the army of the Potomac, and again served under\\nGen. Sheridan. At Cedar creek, Oct. 19, it performed some bril-\\nliant deeds, capturing 100 prisoners in one charge. Its losses dur-\\ning the year are stated to be 31 killed, 128 wounded, and 37 died of\\ndisease. It was in the field before the Fifth and Sixth, and remained\\nthere after them.\\nThe command was mustered out at Fort Leavenworth, and were\\ncompelled to pay s25 each for transport to Michigan. It arrived at\\nJackson, Dec. 20, and was discharged on Christmas day, 1865. The\\nmoney which the troops paid the railroads was subsequently re-\\nfunded.\\nOfficers- -Lewis Carson, East Saginaw, entered service Aug. 26, 1862, as Ser-\\ngeant of Co. G 7th Cavalry. He was promoted 1st Lieut., Oct. 14, 1863, and re-\\nsigned June 26, 1865.\\nWin, H. Clipperlon, East Saginaw, commissioned Captain, June 11, 1863;,\\ntransferred to 1st Vet. Cav., Nov. 17, 1865; was mustered out March 10, 1866.\\nRolla Glover, Buena Vista, entered service as Sergeant Co. C, Aug. 29, 1862;\\npromoted 1st Lieut., June 13, IS J3 Captain, Jan. 7, 1865 transferred to 1st Mich.\\nCav., Nov. IT, 1365, and mustered out, March 10, 1866.\\nWm Jackson, of East Saginaw, Sergeant Major, April 18, 1863; 2d Lieut, June\\n26, 18J5 mustered out as S. M. Dec. 15, 1865.\\nJoseph L. Mead, EastSaginaw, commissioned Lieut., June 11,1863; died of\\nwounds received, Aug. 29, 1864.\\nRobert Sproul, Birch Run, commissioned 1st Lieut, Oct. 15, 1862; Captain,.\\nJune 13, 1863; wounded at Kelly s Ford, Sept, 16, 1863; promoted Major, May\\n24, 1865; transferred to 1st Mich. Cav., Nov. 17, 1865; was mustered out, March\\n10, 1866.\\nBradley M. Thompson, Eist Siginaw, commissioned Captain, Oct. 15, 1862; re-\\nsigned, July 31, 1864. He was appointed paymaster U. S. Volunteers, July 2,.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0376.jp2"}, "377": {"fulltext": "BISTORT OS SAGINAW COTJNTr. 375\\n1864, and waa breveted Lieut-Col. V. 8. Vols, March 13, I860, for distinguished\\nsen ii\\nualtit 1.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bi ii hunli died at Gettysburg July 3, 1803; Tbomas Motley died\\nttysburg, July 3, l s i:3: Charles Smith died at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; E. R.\\nWright died at A tniajx 1 is. Nov. 24, 1868; II. C. Bayard died at Washington, Jan. 7,\\n1864; John Smith died at Washington, Sept 24, 1864; G. M. GLfford died at Wash-\\nington, March 19, 1864; David II. Pomeroy killed at Tumble River, June 9, 1865; Mau-\\nriceKelcher died in prison at Richmond, March 30, 1864; B. F. Fredenburg died\\nin Andersonville prison, N 1. 1864; John Hill was killed near Fort Leavenworth,\\nK in.. June 24, I860; Joseph Parmalee died in Andersonville, July 1!), 1804; Frank-\\nlin Robinson died al Fort Leavenworth, Kan., June 10,1865; Geo. A. Terry at\\nSalisbury, S.C, Jan. 13, 1835; Daniel Cameron, Thomas I). Thompson, Charles D.\\nRollin died while in rebel prisons; Albert Green died at Richmond, Jan. 1864;\\nAlonzo II. Boakes, at Annapolis, Md., Dec. 8, 1864; David Seil, at Andersonville.\\nTransferred and Discharged. 1864 Glavan Maurice, Gregory A. P., Hassett\\nMarion, Rose Phillip A., Schaller Geo., Wallenwine Wm., Wilcox Darwin. 1805\\nAheren Martin, Barbarin Geo. P., Barnes Albert, Bedell B. C, Bentley H., Bierd\\nCall Henry, Cameron W. J., Care T. B., Carson James, Chase Sabin, Cook J.\\nII., Corey, K. II.. Deyo G. W., Dillabaugh Daniel. Duncan F., Farnsworth R. K.,\\nFerris J., Finnell [sadore, Gage Wm. G., Gradt Francis, Gradt L. W., Griffin B.,\\nPeter, Gallagher Timothy B.,*llall Benj.. Harrington John, Hays F. E.,\\nHoughtaling Charles. Hunter W. W., Jackson Wm., Jarvey Julius, Johnson Ed.,\\nKillam Sam.. Kimble Wm., LeDuc Ed., Lockney T., Long John, Luther C. L.,\\nMark ham Wm., .Marsh McCracken Wm., McPherson James, Menthon Geo.,\\nMorton R, O Brien James, Payne Jos., Perkins Sam., Perry O. II., Rich Edwin,\\nRudell Bryant, Ryan Thomas. Sawtetl Vincent, Seymour Henry, Smith C. A., Smith\\nJohn. Sharp J. L. Terry J. B., Tharritt Joshua, Tozer Philder, Trombley Alexan-\\nder. Twitched Charles, Van Daniels E., Waters Michael, West J. C, Zibble Albert.\\nTHE EIGHTH CAVALRY\\nwas organized at Mount Clemens, and entered the field in Kentucky,\\nduring the month of May, 1863, having on its rolls the names\\nof 1.1 17 officers and men. Leaving Covington June 1, it went\\nimmediately into active service. Between that date and August\\n10, it was on the route 52 days, and during this period marched\\n1,242 miles, exc usive of 1,622 miles marched by detachments of\\nthe regiment, while scouting, etc. It participated in skirmishes on\\nthe Triplett, Kentucky and Salt rivers, and at Lebanon, Kv., and\\nalso in the pursuit of the rebel cavalry of Gen. John II. Morgan,\\nwhen he made his noted raid through Kentucky, Indiana and\\nOhio. The regiment was engaged for 16 days in the latter\\nmovement, overtaking Morgan at Buffington island, Ohio, July\\nI d. when it immediately attacked his forces, capturing 217 men\\nand killing and wounding a large number, with a loss to the regi-\\nment of only two wounded. Twice the regiment marched, during\\nthe chase after Morgan, 48 hours with feed for man or horse onl} r\\ntwice on each occasion, and marched at one time 24 hours without\\nstopping to feed or rest but once. From Bnffiington island the\\nregiment returned to Kentucky, and during the month of August\\nengaged in the advance into East Tennessee, having in the mean-\\ntime participated in the pursuit of Scott s rebel cavalry, skirmish-\\ning with them from Lexington to Stanford, Kv. At Calhoun, Tenn.,\\nthe brigade to which the 8th was attached, was attacked by a force\\nestimated at 15,000, under Generals Forrest and Wheeler. After a\\nsharp engagement with some loss, the command retreated to Athens,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0377.jp2"}, "378": {"fulltext": "376 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwhere it endeavored to check the rebel pursuit, in which it was\\ntemporarily successful, but was compelled finally to fall back to\\nLoudon. In actions at Calhoun and Athens, Sept. 26 and 27, the\\nregiment lost 43 killed, wounded and missing. Oct. 26, while on\\na reconnaissance from London, it became engaged in a severe action,\\nlosing 9 in wounded. Oct. 2S it was in camp at Lenoir, Tenn.\\nFrom June 1, when the regiment left Covington, Ky., to Oct. 8,\\nincluding marches of detachments, it marched 2,866 miles, and\\nduring the same time captured 574 prisoners and 652 horses, with\\na large amount of stores and equipments. The command lost one\\nman killed, 57 prisoners, 108 deserters and 48 who died of wounds\\nor disease during the year. In 1864 the 8th lost 13 killed and 72\\nwho died of disease. It fought on various fields during the first\\nhalf year, and added more laurels to its name in the Georgia cam-\\npaign.\\nDied of Disease. Antoine Ricalli, at Lexington, Ky., Apr. 7, 1804; Alexander\\nOliver, at Andersonville Apr. 12, 1864; Joshua Titus, at Camp Nelson, July 25,\\n1864; Silas Windless, at Andersonville, Dec. 18, 1864; Chris. Jackson, at Ander-\\nsonville, Jan. 29, 1865; Welster Marsh, al, Andersonville, Nov. 20, 1865.\\nDischarged. 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Coldwell Arthur E., Cowell Wm., Guillotte Peter, Hernis\\nPeter, Le Gault Albert, Marsh Geo. M., Murray Charles, Patton L., Heimer Carl.\\nTHE NINTH CAVALRY\\nbegan its organization in the fall of 1862 at Coldwater; and in\\nMay, 1863, left that rendezvous for Kentucky, leaving two com-\\npanies to follow, on their completion. The muster-in rolls of the\\nregiment contain 1,073 names. Proceeding to Hickman s\\nbridge, it was ordered, June 12, in pursuit of Everett s guerrillas,\\nwho were overtaken at Triplett s bridge, routed, and a number of\\nthem captured. On the 4th of July, the regiment joined in the\\npursuit of the forces of Gen. John H. Morgan, who were at this\\ntime engaged in making their raid toward Ohio and Indiana. The\\nregiment followed Morgan through Kentucky, and skirmished\\nv\\\\ith his rear guard at Lebanon. A detachment of the regiment,\\nwhile on the pursuit, captured a Kent, colonel and 51 prisoners.\\nArriving on the 12th, atWestport, Ky., the regiment w r as divided.\\nPart, embarking with a section of Battery L, 1st Mich. Artillery,\\nlanded at Cincinnati, joined the forces of Gen. Hobson, overtook\\nand engaged Morgan s forces at Burlington s island, on the 19th,\\nand captured 500 prisoners, 3 pieces of artillery, and a large num-\\nber of arms; over 2,600 prisoners being taken by the Union forces.\\nAnother detachment, with a section of the same battery, embark-\\ning at Lawrenceburg, Ky., on the 14th, landed at Portsmouth,\\nOhio, pursued the enemy in the direction of Chester, overtaking\\nthem and capturing prisoners. Joining the forces of Gen. Shackle-\\nford, at Burlington island, this detachment marched to Eight-\\nMile island, and engaged the enemy. Over 1,000 prisoners were\\nhere captured. The remaining portion of the regiment and battery\\nproceeded to Covington, Ky., and was joined by two companies\\nwhich had started with another detachment. Receiving orders on", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0378.jp2"}, "379": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 377\\nthe 24th, to join in the pursuit of the portion of Morgan s cavalry\\nthat had escaped, this detachment proceeded by cars to Mingo\\nJunction, on the Ohio river, thence marched to LaGrange and\\nSteubenville, overtaking Morgan near Steubenville, July 25.\\nThe command Bkirmished with his force s, driving him during the\\nnight, and on the following morning succeeded in pressing him\\ninto an engagement, which resulted after a severe fight, in the\\ncomplete rout of his forces, with a loss of 23 killed, 44 wounded,\\nand 305 prisoners. Morgan, living with the remnant of his troops,\\nwas then chased, until, meeting with the forces under Gen. Shackle-\\nford, he surrendered. The regiment having again been united\\nat Covington, proceeded to Hickman s bridge, and participated in\\nthe expedition of Gen. Burnside into East Tennessee, arriving at\\nKnoxville, Sept. 3. From Knoxville it proceeded to Cumber-\\nlaud gap. On the 7th, a detachment of the regiment drove in\\nthe rebel pickets, entered the gap, and burned a large mill, on\\nwhich the enemy depended to a great extent for subsistence. On\\nthe 8th, the rebels, 2,500 strong, with 14 cannon, surrendered to\\nthe Onion forces. Subsequently the regiment was engaged at\\nCarter s Station. September 22; ZMllicofter, September 24; Blue\\nSprings, October 5 and 10, and Raytown October 11. Since\\nit arrived at Covington, Ivy., in May, 1862, the regiment marched\\nnearly 3,000 miles, exclusive of marches by detachments while\\n-(\u00e2\u0080\u00a2muting and foraging.\\nIt lost 4 men killed. L8 died of disease, 11 were lost, and 9 were\\nmissing in action. The worst feature in connection with the\\norganization is that during the year 1863 no less than 227 deser-\\nti n were reported. During the year 1864 the losses were 14 killed,\\n:\u00c2\u00bbii died of disease, and 20 missing. Its services in Tennessee, Ken-\\ntucky, and Georgia were replete with good results.\\nTin regiment entered on service at Triplett s bridge, Ky., June\\nL863, and completed its splendid labors round Pulaski Sept.\\n22, L865, when it was mustered out. Returning to Jackson Sept.\\n28, it was discharged.\\nOaaualtits. Major T. Lockwood fell at Stone Mountain, Oct. 2, 1864; Win.\\nTindlater fell at Stone Mountain. Scut. 13, 1864; Robert Fischer died at Marietta,\\nOct. 3, 1864; .lolm R. Deesdiedat Atlanta. Oct.24, 1864.\\nDischarged. 1865 Fisher James, Fisher John, Gruat Peter, Hammer Geo.,\\nHuntley Albert, Jackson John, Lam!) Henry, Lamb Paul, Lockwood Geo. N., New-\\nman Mark. Sampson J., Shawbeissa J., Sims W. II., Smith John, Spencer Maurice,\\nWilliam W. P.\\nTHE TENTH CAVALRY\\nwas raised at Grand Rapids in September, 1863, and, under Col.\\nThaddeua Foote, left for Lexington Dec. 1, 1863, with a force of\\n912 men and officers. It here encamped until Jan. 25, 1864,\\nwhen it m \u00c2\u00bbved t Hnrnside Point. April 26 the regiment was\\nordered to proceed thence to Carter s Station, and destroy the rail-\\nroad bridge over the Watauga river. Reaching Carter s Station on\\nthe 25th, after a severe engagement, it drove the enemy from a", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0379.jp2"}, "380": {"fulltext": "378 HISTOEY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nstrong position occupied by them but the rebels being posted in\\nheavy force in fortifications on the opposite bank of the river, it\\nwas impossible to destroy the bridge without great loss of life, and\\nthe regiment was directed to retire. The casualties in this engage-\\nment were 3 killed, 8 wounded, and 3 missing. May 28, 160 of\\nthe regiment engaged in a reconnaissance, proceeding to Bull s gap\\nand Greenville. Encountering a force of the enemy, the battalion\\nengaged and routed them with severe loss, killing and wounding a\\nlarge number, and capturing 26 prisoners and a number of horses\\nand mules. July 23, the regiment took part in an engagement\\nwith a rebel brigade at Blue Springs, and after a sharp fight suc-\\nceeded in forcing the enemy from a strong position and in driving\\nthem in confusion through Greenville. The casualties of the regi-\\nment were 6 wounded, 2 of whom died of their wounds. During\\nits absence on this expedition, on the 24th, the detachment, num-\\nbering 60 men, left in garrison at Strawberry Plains, with about\\n150 from other commands, were attacked by the rebel cavalry corps\\nunder Wheeler, numbering from 6,000 to 8,000 men, with 9 pieces\\nof artillery. The Union troops made a successful defense against\\nthis force, and thus saved the post from capture and the great rail-\\nroad bridge from destruction. Eight men held the ford for three\\nhours, and prevented a rebel brigade from crossing, and surrendered\\nonly after they were surrounded. Three men were wounded during\\nthe day. On the same day (24th) the detachment left at Knoxville\\ncharged a rebel regiment (11th Texas) near Flat creek bridge, and\\nrouted it, capturing its colonel and other prisoners, but coining\\nsuddenly on one of the enemy s cavalry divisions in line of battle,\\nit retired. The enemy pursued, and succeeded in recapturing their\\nmen, and in taking a number of prisoners from the detachment.\\nOn the 4th of September the regiment participated in the sur-\\nprising and routing of Gen. John IT. Morgan s forces at Greenville.\\nIn this engagement Gen. Morgan was killed and a large number of\\nhis men captured, among whom were Morgan s staff. On the 30th\\nof September the regiment assisted in driving the enemy from\\ntheir position at Carter s Station. The command participated in\\n56 general and minor actions during its service. It reported at\\nJackson for discharge, Nov. 15, 1865.\\nDied of Disease.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Geo. Smith, at Camp Nelson, Jan. 24, 1864: Curtis E. Whit-\\nman, at Knoxville, April 13, 1864; L. H. Dunne, at Camp Kelson, March 14, 1865\\nDischarged.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Jos. Allerj, W. M. BlackmaD, D. H. Chapman, W. Crane,\\nJ. C. Davison, H. H. Goodrich, H. Hewitt, Jacob Ripley, C. Tertz, Geo. I.\\nYoung.\\nTHE MERRILL HORSE,\\nof which three companies were raised in Barry, Calhoun, Eaton,\\nand Jackson, was organized in August, 1861.\\nThe command was mustered out, after a brilliant service, Sept.\\n21, 1865.\\nOfficer. Lucien B. Potter, Maple Grove, commissioned 2d Lieut., Co. I, July\\n2, 1862; afterward 1st Lieut, of the same Co.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0380.jp2"}, "381": {"fulltext": "HI8T0RY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 379\\ni EB81 LIGHT ARTILLERY.\\nTheodore Sanderson died at Jefferson ville, Ind., Jan. 23, 1865. Denis Gold-\\nwood, Ferdinand Lebsch, .lames Sanderson, Willis W. Dibble, A. Griffin, Hiram\\nWea den, Joseph Grasswiser, Fred Klais and Conrad Schwartz, were discharged\\nAugust, 1866. Sam. Parker, of the Thirteenth Battery, mustered oul July 1, 1865,\\nwith the Battery.\\nDwight O. Booth, of the 2d Batterv, was disabled, and discharged April 19,\\n1862.\\nCONCLUSION.\\nImmediately succeeding the commencement of hostilities the\\nladies of the county became thoroughly imbued with a sense of\\npatriotism, formed a society to aid the sick and wounded Boldiers\\nof the armies, and so organized that the society was made very\\neffective.\\nThe citizens, whose military days were over, acted well their\\npart. Cooperating with the State Military Board, they rendered\\nmost important aid to the Republic.\\nThe soldiers history is one of duty done. The troops of Sagi-\\nnaw, attached to the regiments sent forward from this State, were\\nBoldiers in the full acceptation of the term. When they are con-\\nsidered, with what pride may their relatives and fellow citizens\\nlook back to the past, when such a number of gallant hearts went\\nforth to offer themselves upon the altars of patriotism, to\\npreserve the Republic.\\nThe most terrible fate threatened the truest federalization upon\\nthe earth. A visible enemy from within, aided by unnumbered\\nenemies of liberty from without, conspired to destroy all that\\nwhich the Revolution won. The soldiers who saved the Republic\\nmust live at least; in memory. Let the people of the present and\\nthe future follow in the tracks of their illustrious dead, and thus\\ntransmit, from generation to generation, a land of illimitable\\npossibilities, a patriotism incorruptible, a government at once\\nstroti:;: and just, a -id of public principles honorable to the age,\\nthat it may offer happiness to its own citizens and teach the\\noutside world the lesson of freedom.\\nTIIK SOLDIERS AND SAILORS OF Till: COUNTT.\\nThe soldiers and sailors of Saginaw county organized a Union\\nwith (apt. I). Little. President; Capt. F. Ackley, First V. P.;\\napt. Rev. Theodore Nelson. Second V. P. Capt A. Trask, Sec-\\nretary: Major X. S Wood, Treasurer. The corresponding mem-\\nbers for the townships and wards of the city were appointed as\\nfollows:\\nToicnships St. Charles, Major Stimpson; Bryant, Geo. Waii. Chr \u00c2\u00aban:n2:, I). YV.\\nDamon Fremont, 8. B. Andrews; Maple Grove. Wm. Denean; Tittabawassee,\\nGeo. Barbour Lakefield, 15. Nesserdew; Kochville, John A venaw Jamestown,\\nEdwin Dunbar; Taymouth, N. McNallv; Blumfield, Barden; Thomastowh, Chas.\\nGraham; Brady, A*. W. Tucker, sr.; Carrollton, D. Beard; Zilwaukee, R. Mc-\u00e2\u0080\u009e\\nDonald; Birch Run, Duane Osborne, Saginaw, Lucius Lacy.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0381.jp2"}, "382": {"fulltext": "380 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSaginaw City\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Ward, Capt. A. T. Bliss Second Ward, Capt. E. C. Turner;\\nThird Ward, Capt. Win. Reins; Fourth Ward, Capt. Henry Miller; Fifth Ward,\\nCapt. E. St. John Sixth Ward, Lieu. O T. Hosier.\\nEast Saginaw First Ward, Capt. D. D. Keeler; Second Ward, L. C. Stoors;\\nThird Ward, W. G. Gage; Fourth Ward, Col. Lockley; Fifth Ward, F. A\\nAshley; Sixth Ward, W. L. Goulding; Seventh Ward, Dr. Rouse; Eighth Ward,\\nMatt. Cranage.\\nThe committee on plan of organization comprised Capt. Shaw,\\nMajor Wood, Capt. Ackley, Capt. Stimpson, Sergeant Dumond.\\nMajor Wood, Major Stimpson and O. W. Damon, appointed a\\ncommittee on constitution and by-laws, reported a constitution\\nwith the foil wing preamble: This society shall be known as\\nthe Soldiers and Sailors Union of Saginaw County, and all sol-\\ndiers or sailors, now or hereafter residents of said county, are con-\\nstituted members thereof, and the object of the society shall be\\nthe securing of closer social intercourse, and the promotion of the\\nbest interest of its members. This was adopted.\\nPrevious to organization 60 men, who participated in the\\nwar for the Union, assembled around the camp fires on the Fair\\nGrounds, Saginaw City, and whiled away a pleasant time, char-\\nacterized by a field dinner, bugle calls, etc. The meeting to or-\\nganize the union succeeded. It was presided over by Hon. D.\\nH. Jerome with Capt C. D. Little, secretary.\\nTHE SECOND REUNION\\nwas held Sept. 15, 16 and 17, 1880. It was in every respect a\\nthorough reunion of soldiers who had been in the field, endured\\nall the hardships of war, and now wished to remind themselves of\\nthe ordeal through which they passed in their successful defense\\nof the Union. The annual meeting was held on the third day of\\nthe reunion. Capt. Albert Trask was elected President; Charles\\nF. Shaw, First V. P. E. A. Steinson, Second Y. P.; Rielly Jones,\\nSecretary; Dr. Rouse, Treasurer and Surgeon; Charles D. Little,\\nOrator. Capt. A. L. Bingham, Capt. Henry Miller and Lieut. O.\\nT. Mosier were appointed a committee to take charge of the re-\\nunion of 1881, which was ordered to be held at Saginaw City, in\\nthe second week in October. This happy meeting closed with a\\nsham battle or skirmish between the V eterans and the East Sag-\\ninaw Rifles, in which the former were defeated.\\nWith the presence of so many veterans in the county, and large\\nnumber of young men among the people, it is a matter of surprise\\nto learn that only a few military companies are in actual existence.\\nWith the amendment of the military code of Michigan, there is\\nevery reason to hope for an increase in the number of military or-\\nganizations here. The new regulation provides for a division and\\na brigade organization; fixes the pay of all commissioned officers\\nwhile performing any duty under orders at the rate allowed to\\nofficers of a like rank in the regular army; non-commissioned\\nofficers on duty, $1.75 per diem, and privates $1.25; provides for\\nannual encampments, and fixes the pay at the same rate as for", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0382.jp2"}, "383": {"fulltext": "HI8T0RY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n381\\nother duties, with an addition of 75 cents per day for subsistence.\\nA temperance provision is also inserted, to the effect that any\\nofficer or enlisted man guilty of drunkenness shall forfeit all the pay\\nwhich would be coming to him for the entire tour of encamp-\\nment. With such a code as this, there should not be a township\\nof this county without a uniformed company.\\n23", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0383.jp2"}, "384": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XII.\\nLUMBER INDUSTRY.\\nThe history of the rise of this industry throughout the Valley of\\nthe Saginaw must be as interesting as the trade itself is\\nmagnificent in its proportions. Never, perhaps, have the forests\\nof any land approached the pine woods of Northeastern Michigan\\nin extent or quality; never have they afforded such a field for the\\nlumberman s enterprise, and never yet have so many advantages\\nbeen conferred, directly, upon a single district as those conferred\\nby them upon this region. The great industry may be said to have\\nbeen inaugurated in 1834, when the first saw-mill in the Valley\\nwas erected in Saginaw City by Harvey Williams, for the purpose\\nof supplying the early settlers with building materials, as the\\nmanufacture and shipment of lumber as a commodity of commerce\\nfrom the Saginaw river had not at that time been thought of.\\nEphraim S. Williams joined Uncle Harvey in this enterprise\\nimmediately after the latter erected the building and put in the\\nmachinery. It is stated that this milling concern was located\\nsouth of the city mills, where the salt blocks of the Williams\\nBrothers are located. The machinery was manufactured at Detroit\\nby Harvey Williams, and was sufficient to run one muleysaw, and\\nthe single run of stone for custom grinding. This latter append-\\nage of the mill was used to crack corn for the inhabitants wheat\\nwas seldom or never introduced. The fly wheel was the same\\nused on the old steamer Superior, the second steamboat on the\\nlakes, about the year 1820. It was 11 feet in diameter, and in the\\nsteamer was fixed on a shaft distinct from the main shaft, and was\\ngeared to make three revolutions to each revolution of the paddle\\nwheels. This large wheel and other machinery was brought over-\\nland from DetroiUn 1834, by Mr. Williams. The difficulties at-\\ntendant on the journey may be conceived from the fact that the\\nsleighs, on which the machinery was loaded, were drawn through\\nthe Clinton river five times in a distance of nine miles. The first\\nlumber ever manufactured in Saginaw Valley was cut at the Wil-\\nliams mill, solely for home consumption, for at that time the idea\\nof manufacturing pine lumber for export was but slightly, if to any\\nextent, entertained. Mr. Bennett owned the mill a year or so,\\nand afterward the property again came into the hands of E. S.\\nGr. D. Williams, who held it until it was burned, July 4, 1854.\\nThis was the pioneer mill and pioneer property of the Valley.\\n(382)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0384.jp2"}, "385": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW CGintv. 383\\nTHE KMKRSON MILT..\\nDuring the year 1836 another mill was built nearly opposite\\nSaginaw City, known as the Emerson Mill, considered at tb t\\nperiod as a model of the kind, having a capacity of 3,000,000 feet,\\nand the first lumber shipment was made from this mill in 1830. It\\nformed a building 55x120 feet, containing three upright saws, one\\nbutting saw, one edging table, one engine of 75-horse power, three\\nboilers, each 18 feet long by 42 inches in diameter. This concern\\nwas perhaps the largest of the kind in the State. It closed down\\nin 1856, two years after the burning of its predecessor. After 1836\\nsome attention began to be paid to the manufacture of lumber, but\\nthe panic that followed 1836 produced a lethargy that existed for\\nsome years, and it was not until 1849 that the business began to\\nbrighten up, and several mills were erected. In 1854 there were\\n23 mills on the Saginaw river, with a capacity for 60,000,000 feet.\\nThe mills were of the cheaper class, the average cut being not over\\n3,000,000 feet. In 1857 there were 44 mills in operation on the\\nSaginaw river, manufacturing that year 113,700,000 feet of lumber.\\nIn 1867 there were 82 mills in operation, manufacturing that year\\n123,963,190 feet of lumber. In 1870 there were 83 mills operated,\\nthe cut that year aggregating 576,726,600 feet, increased to 923,-\\n000,000 feet in 1880. Notwithstanding the financial crisis of\\n1836- 7 the pioneers labored on, until in 1849 they beheld the re-\\nturn of prosperous times. Henceforth they were destined to\\ntender a daily welcome to men of enterprise. The farmer as well\\nas the lumberman was received warmly. The advent of labor\\nand capital to the Valley, as witnessed 30 years ago, is thus de-\\nscribed:\\nThere is scarcely a day when there are not more or less parties\\nhere from the Eastern ckies, negotiating for mill sites, or purchas-\\ning pine lands, and the steady, rapid influx and tendency of capital\\nnow setting in this direction, while it is gratifying and exhilarating\\nto those who have stood by the country in its days of poverty and\\ndestitution, leads naturally to the inquiry, bow long this fruitful\\nand prolific resource of the present growth and prosperity of Sagi-\\nnaw, unprecedented as it is, and unnoticed and little understood at\\nlarge through the State, is like to continue in view of the constant\\nand immense drain upon it. This resource is derived chiefly from\\nthe tributaries of the Saginaw river, there being little or no pine\\nupon the river proper, except to a limited extent, and of an inferior\\ncharacter, near to lower Saginaw. The Cass river, which empties\\ninto the Saginaw about two miles above Saginaw City, together\\nwith the tributaries making into it, passes through a belt of pine\\n1 miles in length, and varying in width from one and a\\nhalf to ten miles.\\nThe logs when cut are hauled up to the banks of the small\\nstreams, and there await a high stage of water to be floated into the\\nmainstream. These logs are not rafted, but are floated in bodies", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0385.jp2"}, "386": {"fulltext": "384 HISTOIiY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nof two or threp thousand and are boomed and chained together\\nonly when they reach the main river, thus materially saving ex-\\npense. It is a low estimate to say that each SO-acre lot of this\\nalmost endless tract of pine will yield 400,000 feet, and from this\\nestimate, taking the dimensions of the tract, some guess may be\\nmade as to how long it will require to exhaust the pine. But Cass\\nriver is not the only resource of pine, neither is it the largest. The\\nTittabawassee river, and the Chippewa, Pine and Tobacco rivers,\\nwhich empty into it, are all heavily clothed with the finest quality\\nof pine. The aggregate length of the pine tract upon the main\\nstream and the branches is 80 miles, and the width about five\\nmiles. There are more trees to the acre upon the Tittabawassee\\nthan upon the Cass, but the trees are not so large and do not pro-\\nduce as much clear lumber as the former, but the quality of the\\nlower grades is better. There is a large tract of pine land upon the\\nBad river (a stream which empties into the Shiawassee) 25 miles\\nin length and from one to two miles in breadth. The quality is\\nquite equal to that upon Cass river.\\nThe Flint river and its tributaries has at least 100 miles\\nin length of pine, lying in Saginaw, Genesee and Lapeer counties,\\nwith an average width rather greater than upon the Cass river.\\nThough a very large portion of the pine upon this stream is of ex-\\ncellent quality, being reduced by inferior kinds, it is not quite as\\nhigh as that upon the Cass.\\nTaking the aggregate of these tracts, and reducing them to\\nacres, and allowing the yield to be 5,000 feet to the acre, and at\\nthe rate of consumption of 100,000,000 per annum, it will yield a\\nsupply for upward of 39 years, from pine alone, aside from which\\nthe amount of oak timber is endless, together with large amounts\\nof black walnut and white-wood, all of which will bear transporta-\\ntion. t\\nThere is now on hand, piled up, upon the docks, and ready for\\nshipment at theopening of navigation upon the Saginaw river, 11,-\\n000,000 feet of lumber of all qualities, averaging one-third of the\\nfirst qualitiy, clear-stuff lumber, at an average value of $10, making\\nin all $110,000.\\nThe sawing season commences with the breaking up of the ice\\nabout March 20, and continues until the river closes again about\\nthe middle of December, making a season of about nine months.\\nThe complement of hands for a single mill, as it is called,\\ndriving the upright, one siding, and one edging and butting\\nsaw, is seven men for 12 hours, or 14 men off and on,\\nwhere the mill runs night and day. The wages of these hands\\naverage a $1 per day, the head sawyer receiving $30, the engineer\\n$40, and the sawyers and lumber pilers $20 per month, with board.\\nA day s work is 12 hours.\\nThe single mill, as it is called, is looked upon by lumbermen\\nas the most economical and proficable,for this reason, among others:\\nthat in case of a breakdown or derangement of the engine, only tli e", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0386.jp2"}, "387": {"fulltext": "IIIstuky OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 3S5\\ntime of half the number of hands is lost to the miller that would be\\nin case of a double mill.\\nSAW MILLS ON THE SAGINAW AND TRIBUTARIES IN 1853.\\nThe following brief sketches of the various mills in the Valley,\\nclipped from a paper published in 1853, give an excellent idea of\\nthe extent of the milling business and refers to the enterprising\\nmen who began the development of the great lumber interest of\\nthis region:\\nThe first mill on the east side of the river is F. Millard s, which\\nhas two upright saws, one siding and flooring saw, and one edging\\nand butting saw, and cut last season 3,000,000 feet of lumber.\\nGardner D. Williams two mills are at Saginaw City, which is on\\nthe west bank of the river. The older of these mills drives one\\nupright and one siding saw, with one buzz saw. The new mill\\nwhich was finished last season, about Aug. 1, has one upright, one\\nsiding saw three feet diameter, with four buzz saws. They cut last\\nseason 3,000,000 feet of lumber.\\nEmerson s mill, which was built in 1836, by Harvey Williams,\\nNorman Little and others, on the east side of Saginaw river, at\\nBuena Vista as Mr. Emerson has named it, has three upright, one\\nsiding saw, and two butting and edging saws, and cut last season\\nbetween 3,000,000 and 4,000,000 feet of lumber.\\nJohn Gallagher s mill, half a mile below Emerson s, has one up-\\nright, one siding and one buzz saw, and cut last season about\\n1,500,000 feet.\\nGarrison Bristol s mill, which is the only one now in motion,\\nwas built by Little Iloyt 80 rods below the last named, has two\\nupright saws, one siding and one buzz saw, and one planing\\nmachine; it cut last season 1,500,000 teet of lumber.\\nJ. M. Edmonds mill, half a mile below the last named, has one\\nupright and one circular saw, and cut last year about 1,000,000.\\nWestervelt s mill is at Carrollton, on the site of Chapin and An-\\ndrews which was burned down last summer, together with the\\nlocks and 4.000,000 feet of lumber. The new mill has two upright\\n9aws, one 3 feet siding saw and four buzz saws.\\nT. Whitney s new mill, which is now taking in the machinery, is\\non the west side of the river, below Saginaw City, and nearly oppo-\\nsite East Saginaw. It will run one upright, one 3-feet siding and\\nfour circular saws.\\nJeffrey s mill, which will start work when spring ope* is 80\\nrods below Whitney s and is to run two upright saws.\\nD. Johnson s mill at Zilwaukee, which is five miles down the\\nriver, on the west bank, and is upon a wholly different plan from\\nthe foregoing, having a gang of 25 saws, in one frame, set\\nto cut lumber of all widths, passing through the log at once, and\\ncutting up into inch, 1^ inches two and three-inch, or other\\ndimensions, with one operation. There is no gigging back, but as", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0387.jp2"}, "388": {"fulltext": "386 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nfast as the log is worked through, another comes up to the saws,\\nthe log having first been sided or slabbed off by an upright saw.\\nAside from the gang saws, this mill drives two upright and six\\nbuzz saws. The cost of this mill was $40,000, and it cut last sea-\\nson from 6,000,000 to 7,000,000 feet of lumber.\\nD. Johnson s mill, which was built by Shephard, is below the\\nformer and has two upright and two buzz saws.\\nFisher Johnson s mill, which was built by Purmont, has one\\nupright and one buzz saw.\\nD. Johnson has still another mill, at Zilwaukee, devoted wholly\\nto making lath from the offal of the other mills.\\nWater s mill is near Portsmouth, about 12 miles below East\\nSaginaw, on the east bank of the river. It has two upright, one\\nsiding and two buzz saws, and cut last year 3,000,000 feet.\\nRussell s mill, called the old Portsmouth, was built by B. F.\\nTowne and others in 1838. It has two upright, one siding and\\ntwo buzz saws, and cut last year 3,000,000 feet.\\nRussell s new mill, which is 20 rods below the old, has two\\nupright saws and two buzz saws, and cut last season 1,500,000\\nfeet.\\nCampbell McCormick s mill is at Portsmouth, about half a\\nmile below Russell s, and has one upright and two buzz saws, and\\ncut last season 1.500,000 feet.\\nWm. Doty s mill is half a mile below the last named, and is now\\nnearly ready to saw. It has two upright, one 3-feet siding, and\\nfive buzz saws.\\nStanton s mill, is at Lower Saginaw, half a mile below; it has\\ntwo upright, one siding and four buzz saws, and cut last season\\nabout 1,500,000 feet.\\nFrazer Catlin s mill, so called, owned by Hugh Dunlap of\\nChicago, is 40 rods below the last named. It has two upright, one\\nsiding and buzz saws, and cut last year 3,000,000 feet.\\nFrazer Hopkins mill, so called, owned by Hugh Dunlap of\\nChicago, is 40 rods below the last named. It has two upright, one\\nsiding and five buzz saws, and cut last year 3,000,000 feet.\\nMr. Raymond, formerly of Trenton, Mich., has a mill half a\\nmile below the last, which has two upright, one siding and four\\nbuzz saws, and cut last season 2,500,000 feet.\\nDrake s mill, so called, is owned by Judge Copeland and\\nothers, and stands on the west side of the river, near Lower Sagi-\\nnaw. It has two upright, one siding and five buzz saws, and cut\\nlast season 3,000,000.\\nWhitney s mill, so called, owned by Judge Copeland and others,\\nis at Bangor, just below the former. It has three upright, one\\nsiding and six buzz saws, and cut last season 5,000.000 feet.\\nPartridge s mill, on the east side of the river, is nearly ready to\\nrun. It has two upright, one siding and five buzz saws.\\nMcEwen s mill, which is about three miles below the last, has\\ntwo upright, one siding and four buzz saws, and cut last season\\n3,000,000 feet.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0388.jp2"}, "389": {"fulltext": "HI8T0RI OF SAGINAW nilXTV. 387\\nThere are two mills in process of erection at Lower Saginaw, and\\none above Saginaw City, near Millard s. There is one large steam\\nflouring mill at East Saginaw, with four run of stone; also two\\nsteam planing machines. At Saginaw City there are two steam\\nshingle mills, ami one of the same kind at Portsmouth.\\nAside from these is a steam mill new building by Hulsey, about\\nL2 miles up the Tittabawassee river, capable of driving one upright,\\nand two edging saws.\\nClark Wisner s mill is at the forks of Bad river (which is a\\nbranch eft he Shiawassee about 14 miles above Saginaw City.\\nThis mill, which was built last season by Nelson \\\\V. Clark, of\\nClarkston, and Moses Wisner, of Pontiac, has two upright, and one\\nBiding saw. with three buz/ saws, and is capable of cutting 3,000,-\\nfeet of lumber.\\nrey s mill, built by Smith Gould, is at the forks of Bad river,\\nand has one upright and one buzz saw. and can cut perhaps 1,000,-\\nI\\nBlackmar s mill is upon the Flint, abouteight miles from the\\nmouth. It has one upright, and one buzz saw, and cuts about 1,-\\n,000 feet.\\nThe Birch-Run mill is upon the plank road leading from Flint to\\nSaginaw, about 15 miles from the latter place. There is a pine\\nridge here, which yields a most excellent quality of lumber, com-\\nmanding a high price. This mill has two upright, one siding and\\nflooring, and two buzz saws, and cuts about 2,000,000 feet.\\nThere are two mills upon the Kawkawlin river, which empties\\ninto Saginaw Bay, two miles west of the mouth of Saginaw river.\\nThe first of these is a water mill, which cuts 3,000,000 feet, and\\nthe steam mill, which drives two upright and tw T o buzz saws, cuts\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2j. ooo. oho feet. These millswere both built by James Frazer, and\\nare owned by him in company with others.\\nAdding to the above the mills already in operation, Win, P.\\nDoty s mill, now being erected at Lower Saginaw, that in process\\nof erection by Messrs. Baughman and Partridge, that in process of\\nerection by Et. Moore, of St. Clair, and IT. J. vorce, just below the\\nBangor mill, by Judge Copeland, H. X. Walker, and Mr. Ripley,\\nof St. Clair, that of Peter Rodgers, at Lower Saginaw, the Wester-\\nvelt mill at Carlton, Jeffers mill and Whitney s mill opposite\\nEasl Saginaw, and Corloss mill, above Millard s, and there is no\\ndoubt that there will be cut in Saginaw county at least 90,000,000\\nfeet of lumber during thecoming season L854). The sawing price\\nfor lumber was $4 per M. last season, at which price is included,\\nof course, the wages of the men and incidentals. Of this amount,\\nthe mill, if energetically driven, and economically conducted, will\\nsave $2 per M. above all-making si So, Ooo. aside altogether from the\\nprofits of the lumber. The aggregate amount of the manufacture,\\nestimated at s .i per M.. which is alow average estimate, would be\\n$810,000.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0389.jp2"}, "390": {"fulltext": "388 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMILLING INTEREST OF 1857-\\nWithin the five succeeding years, the lumber trade so increased\\nthat in 1857 no less than 58,500,000 feet of lumber was cut within\\nthe boundary of Saginaw county alone, and 53,700,000 in the\\nValley. The saw-mills of Saginaw county, in 1857, comprised\\ndishing Co. s, Hill s, Curtis D. G. Holland s, Gallagher mill,\\nthen operated by W. F. Glasby, Copeland Co. s, Whiting\\nGarrison s, the Atwater mill, all located at East Saginaw; J. A.\\nWestervelt s, at Carrollton; the Johnson mill, operated by John\\nDrake, and B. F. Fisher s mills, at Zilwankee; the Gang mill, G.\\nD. Williams Sons and Curtis King s mills, in Saginaw City;\\nBradley Co. s, and Wendal s mills, at the forks of Bad river;\\nMorley s, Turner s and Fuller s mills, at Chesaning; Shaddock s,\\non the Tittabawassee; Hoyt s and Updike s mills, at Birch Run;\\nand Hubinger s mills, at Frankenmuth, making a total of 24\\nmilling concerns in actual operation within Saginaw county in\\n1857. Of this number, 20 mills were run by steam power, while\\nHubinger s, Fuller s and Turner s requisitioned water power.\\nFrom 1857 to 1863 the advance of the lumber interests was not\\nmarked so much by the increase in number as in the capacity of\\nthe mills within this county. Between 1863 and 1866 the progress\\nof the industry was remarkable. The later year was the mill build-\\ning era; large structures and modern machinery began to occupy\\nthe place of the more primitive concerns of earlier years new men\\njoined the brotherhood of enterprise, and henceforth the work of\\nthe foresters was destined to proceed steadily on a comparatively\\ncertain basis.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0390.jp2"}, "391": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n389\\nThe following table shows the location of the mills of this county,\\nas well as the quantity of sawed lumber produced by each during\\nthe years 1863- 6:\\nl.di Il( .N OF MILLS\\n8T. CHARLES.\\nKiinberly Co\\nI-Y. eman Co.\\nMil ill SAGINAW.\\nDundy Louman\\nSutherland s\\nRust Engledew\\nCurtis Corning\\nSAGINAW OITY.\\nGreen Harding\\nForesl Valley S. L. Co..\\nHeather Allison\\nBarnard Co\\nThompson Bros\\nWilliams Bros., two mills.\\nA. W. Wright* Co\\nCARBOLLTON.\\nGranl Savior\\nChicago 8. L. Co\\nMerrill s Mills\\nI 8 Gilbert\\nShaw Williams\\nGould s Mill\\nJ. P. Allison\\nHale Jerome\\nWebster s\\nZILWAUKEE.\\nRust, Baton Co\\nOneida S. A; L. Co\\nFAST SAGINAW.\\nChapin Sims\\nE. Briggs.\\nE. P. Sears\\nG Warner* Co\\nC Lee, two mills\\nW. I.. P Little Co\\nJewell Gordon\\nH M McClaine\\nStar Hill\\nWarner Eastman\\n1863.\\n1864.\\n1,000,000\\n3,500,000\\n3,500,000\\n4,000,000\\n2,000,000\\n2,200,000\\n4,500,000\\n500,000\\n3,500,000\\n4,000,000\\n2,000,000\\n3,000,000\\n5,000,000\\n3,000,000\\n7,000,000\\n3,200,000\\n2,500,000\\n5,700,000\\n5,000,000\\n4,000,000\\n1,500,000\\n7,000,000\\n4,500,000\\n1.100,000\\n3,500,000\\n2,700,000\\n2,000,000\\n4,000,000\\n4,000,000\\n8,778,000\\n4,000,000\\n4,000,000\\n6,500,000\\n5,500,000\\n3,000,000\\n3 500,000\\n5,500,000\\n1865.\\n6,000,000\\n1,433,000\\n5,500,000\\n2,000,000\\n3,000,000\\n5,250,000\\n500,000\\n3,500,000\\n3,700,000\\n3,500,000\\n5,300,000\\n2,500,000\\nnew mill.\\n5,300,000\\n5,600,000\\nnew mill.\\n3,200,000\\n3,300,000\\n5,650,000\\n5,300,000\\n6,500,000\\n3,000,000\\n6,000,000\\nnew mill.\\n6,500,000!\\n5,700,000\\n2,701,000\\n4,000,000\\n3,600,000\\n1, (1110,000\\n3.000,000\\n2.700,000\\n8,000,000\\n5,000,000\\n4,000,000\\n7,000,000\\n6,350,000\\n4,300,000\\n4,100,000\\n3,300,000\\n3,500,000\\n200,000\\n3,800,000\\n1866.\\n2,000,000\\n2,500,000\\n5,000,000\\nl,. -,oo,ooo\\n5,000,000\\n3,600,000\\n4,000,000\\n4,000,000\\n3,000,000\\n5,000,000\\n5,000,000\\n6,500,000\\n13,573,225\\n3,500\\n4,000\\n5,300\\n7,500\\n8,000\\n4,500\\n6,500\\n4,5(0\\n7,000\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n,000\\n7,670,000\\n10,000,000\\n7,000.\\n5,300.\\n0,600,\\n6,000\\n6,500,\\n3,500,\\n4,000\\n4,500\\n4,000,\\n2,500\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000 25\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000\\n000 11\\nThe totals of these statistical columns, dealing with the Valley,\\narc ft8 follows:\\nTotal mills 83\\nmuley saws. .61\\ncircular saws, 79\\ngang saws. .51\\nCapacity, m;- .500,000\\nLumber cut in 70. .570.726,606\\nCapital \u00c2\u00a73,991,000\\nOn hand, unsold 82,560,190\\nOn dock, sold 47,862,000\\nLogsinboom 30,138,462\\nMen employed, 3,124\\nLath cut.. ...61,287,500\\nLath on hand.. 5,794,000\\nPicket- cut... 891,620", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0391.jp2"}, "392": {"fulltext": "390\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSUMMARY.\\nThe following statistical summary of the lumber business during\\nthe years 1871- 5, will be sufficient to show the state of trade in the\\nSaginaw Yalley district during the first half of the last decade:\\n1871.\\n1872.\\n1873.\\n1874.\\n1875.\\n84\\n112\\n112\\n105\\n91\\nmuley saws\\n58\\n54\\n40\\n41\\n38\\ncircular saws.\\n83\\n98\\n102\\n100\\n91\\ngang saws\\n52\\n57\\n67\\n67\\n67\\nTotal number of saws.\\n193\\n209\\n209\\n208\\n196\\nCapacity of mills, ft.\\n701,000,000\\n801,000,000\\n885,500,000\\n805,500,000\\n845,500,000\\n529 682 878\\n602,118,980\\n4,394,000\\n619,867,021\\n5,O7(i,000\\n584,632,771\\n4,808,000\\n571 401,001\\nCapital invested\\n4,238,000\\n5,033,000\\nOn hand, unsold, ft\\n42,023,511\\n111,894,353\\n191,178,665\\n190,017,663\\n196,606,530\\nOn dock, sold, ft\\n33,576,000\\n40,928,200\\n30,893,000\\n23,135,000\\n25,595,578\\nLogs in mill boom, ft.\\n11,989,264\\n48,380,845\\n62,628,078\\n52,395,200\\n51,845,800\\nMen employed, No.\\n3,140\\n3,535\\n4,071\\n3,825\\n3,583\\n02,850,900\\n76,951,800\\n89,320,400\\n73,675,950\\n73,209,250\\nLatli on hand, pes\\n5,933,950\\n7,127,950\\n25,807,250\\n8,517,350\\n11,975,055\\nPickets cut, pes\\n576,610\\n93,750\\n109,900\\n644,000\\n571,141\\nThe cut for 1876 exceeded that of the previous year by 2,549,770\\nfeet being 573,950,771. In 1877, the manufactured lumber of the\\nYalley aggregated 640,166,231 feet. The cut of 1878 fell behind\\nthat of 1877 by 86.003,504 feet, but advanced in 1879 to 736.106,000,\\nand in 1880 to 863,356,009.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0392.jp2"}, "393": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAi.LNAW COUNT*\\nSTATISTICS FOR 1880.\\n391\\nThe following is a statement of the lumber cut of the Saginaw\\nriver mills in Saginaw countv for 1880:\\n-\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9C:\\ni\\n5\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9c\\nr\\nS\\ns\\ns\\n\u00c2\u00a9__\u00c2\u00a9\\no o\\nZZ ZZ.\\nid\\n5S\\nIO\\nj\\niq 2 i: ii c\\niT\\nD\\n5 IC\\nIT\\nC cc cc\\n0 K\\nIT IT iT\\nIT IT X\\na\\nT 1H\\n^r\\nz-i\\nOJ\\nCO\\nCO t-T^h\\na\\n2\\nc\\nIT\\no\\n\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9^5\u00c2\u00a9\\ny_\\nOtOOC 5\\n5 \u00c2\u00a9_\\n\u00c2\u00a9_ \u00c2\u00a9_ \u00c2\u00a9_\\n1\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n0J \u00c2\u00a9_\\nSo o\\nUS Oid\\nC\\nx\\nT\\nid id\\nlOtOOOC\\n30 C i T t-i\\n-t\\nl-H r-\\ne^\\nr\\nIT -t\\nc\\n1.T i~ N iT iT\\n5D_C- t\\nco_uo_oo_\\nj\\ntVc re t-Ttj t* o\u00c2\u00bb\\nM\\nt- of Tjf 04 id co t-T a\\nio id-rj^\\nCO^i-Tr-T\\na\\no o -co o\\nQ\\nO\\nz\\noo\\no\\nx\\nIf?\\niT\\no o\\nco\\nS ia\\nOf\\ncc\\n00\\nIT C\\nN\\nIC\\nO IT\\n1.0\\no\\nt-H\\nOJ \u00c2\u00a9_\\nCC\\nr-Tcvf\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^Tt-I\\nO* OJ CO\\nof i t-T\\nr sooc\\n\u00c2\u00a9OOOOOOOC\\nZZ;\\nT\\n_\\nc\\nOOOOQOO\\nu d\\n55 5\\n^a,\u00c2\u00a9,,\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\\nCO\\ni^\\ni~ 03\\nW 30\\ni-Tc^ i\\ncoo id\\nu\\nHOIOWOOOOC\\ncc cc\\nC5\\nx ;qooTf(S\\nc\\nc\\nX iT OJ C 0_ \u00c2\u00a9_\u00c2\u00a9__\u00c2\u00a9 T3-^t-^\\nx re e\u00c2\u00a9*t-h c-\\nIT 05 CJ\\nCI\\nIC\\nS ~f o -rfoSso ci d t- ^TidTfi-Tr-\\nIT CC\\n3\\n_\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\\no\\nto\\no o\\nCO\\nut\\nr-\u00c2\u00a9_\\nzz\\n\u00c2\u00a9_\\n\u00c2\u00a9_\\n=7\\nt-T\\nzz\\nid\\na- i.\\n.o\\n-t\\nLO\\nCO C- I- IT\\n1-\\n30\\nCO\\ncc\\no*\\n85\\ncq\\nT\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2o\\no\\nCO\\nCO\\n0\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9-^\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9C\\nCO\\nS3\\n::s;oc\\nC\\n\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9oj\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9c:\\n-_\u00c2\u00a9,\u00c2\u00a9\\nOJ \u00c2\u00a9_\\ns S\\ni\\nt-~ \u00c2\u00bbt\\nc\\nX\\na\\nzz zz cc\\nOMicO-#1 00000 C\\n-f 0\\n-rfl O\\nic 2 3 i~\\ni t\\nLT\\nt- -^h O CJ IT C\\n1?\\nr r\\nJ a\\nvi too at tc\\nT/ iT iT\\n(M\\nT 6 i T -f t- IT- t- T-\\n-t T r-J -f -r\\nesTf-Tc*\\nT^ ~-l w~ 4 -^H -H\\ni\u00e2\u0080\u0094i^- ~-i\\nH\u00c2\u00abH\\n\u00c2\u00a9o\u00c2\u00a9\\nX\\no\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9o\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\\no\\n\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9_\u00c2\u00a9.\u00c2\u00a9_ \u00c2\u00a9_\u00c2\u00a9,\u00c2\u00a9.\u00c2\u00a9.\u00c2\u00a9\u00e2\u0080\u009e \u00c2\u00a9_\u00c2\u00a9 r \u00c2\u00a9_\\nr Z Z\\na\\ncT\u00c2\u00a9*~\\nS\\n300OO00 C CZ C?\\nooooc\\n\u00c2\u00a9_\\n5~~\u00c2\u00a9~\u00c2\u00a90\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9lO\u00c2\u00a9^ o \u00c2\u00a9_ IT\\nOQQ\\nid -^ic\\nIT\\n1C SO CO iT f. of oTit\\nO? OJ t- lO\\nofr- of\\nl-H l\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1 ~-i\\nP\\nl i IHHi i 0 CC\\n^^i\u00e2\u0080\u0094i i\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u0094i r-l r^\\no o\\nlO IT\\nQ\\nCC IT CO CO\\n-+i lO O CO\\nt- IC\\nso iT iT IT IT\\nI- T! TJ\\nM\\nCO t\u00e2\u0080\u0094 00 lO LO CT CT\\nit -f IT CQ 05\\nIC\\nY\\nZ\\n6\\no\\n55\\no\\nt\\nS\\n-o\\n\u00c2\u00bb5\\np\\n6\\n3\\nQ\\naa\\npi\\nG a e\\nf Z Or\\n73 1\\n_\\n7\\nEd\\nM\\no\\n;5\\n3\\nft\\n1\\nc 3\\nS\\n3\\nV. e\\n:^g\\ns\\n7\\no\\no\\ny\\nC\\na\\nJ\\nP\\na\\nt;\\ni-y r |fi 5 L f E\\niflSl^\\n5\\nZ J 2\\n9\\n1 fe 5 S n fc\\nS =0 -i\\nS Se-\\nes\\n2i=", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0393.jp2"}, "394": {"fulltext": "392\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nLOGS.\\nIt may now be asked from which corner of the world are the\\nlogs brought to supply all these busy mills. The elaborate figures\\ncollared by the editor of the Courier answer, and figures never lie\\nO\\n-f\\nL-\\n--c\\n-tf\\no\\n-H\\nc:\\nT-l\\n-*l\\nrH\\ntf\\nX\\no\\nso\\nCO\\nIO\\nO\\nt-\\nTit\\no\\nr\\nco\\n3\\nCS\\n3\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\nCO\\nco\\noo\\nof\\nCO\\nx\\noo\\n3\\no\\nto\\nK\\nt-\\nX\\nt-\\n-J-\\nt-\\nGO\\nCS\\nX\\nt-\\nv\\nTfH\\nco\\nCO\\nlO\\nOS\\nX)\\nOJ\\niq\\nCO\\nL-\\nIff\\nX)\\ncs\\no\\nt^\\no\\nss\\nCO\\nCO\\nie\\nOS\\nio\\nx\\nCO\\no\\nco\\nX\\nso\\nco\\n3\\nX\\nGO\\nt-\\ncc\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\nSO\\nI\\niH\\no\\nIO\\nj^\\no\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\n3\\nas\\nSO\\n3\\no\\nc\\no\\n-T\\no\\n3\\nt-\\nCJ\\n00\\n3\\nco\\no\\nsc\\nC-;\\no\\nc\\no\\nX\\n3\\n3\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\ngo\\nCS\\n00\\nso\\neo\\n~r\\no\\n3\\no\\n10\\nt-\\nX)\\n3\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\nX\\no\\nc-\\no\\n3\\nX\\n5\\n3\\n00\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\n(N\\no\\nX\\no\\n3\\nCM\\n00\\nLO\\nX\\nt-\\n\u00c2\u00abo\\nIO\\nHO\\nLO\\n\u00c2\u00a9f\\nt-\\nCO\\nIO\\nOS\\nso\\n09\\n3\\nin\\nCO\\nt-\\nrH\\nIO\\nco\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^h\\nso\\ntF\\ni-H\\nt-\\nH\\noo\\nX\\nco\\no\\n3\\nc-\\n3\\no\\nX\\no\\n3\\nOJ\\ncr\\nIO\\n3\\nt-\\nTt\\n\u00c2\u00a9__\\noc\\no\\no\\noo\\n3\\no\\nC-;\\noo\\nc-\\n00\\noo\\nX\\nco\\nid\\no\\nso\\noo\\n\u00c2\u00a9i\\n3\\nc-\\nTjt\\n1C\\nOf\\n\u00c2\u00a95\\n3\\nOJ\\no\\nTJI\\n3\\ni\\noo\\nc-\\nCO.\\nCM\\n00\\no\\nO\\nOl\\n1-\\n3\\noo\\nio\\nTt\\nio\\nCQ\\noo\\nSO\\nt-\\n\u00c2\u00a9f\\nt-\\nIO\\ncsi\\n00\\noo\\nio\\nlO\\nco\\nc?\\ni~\\nOl\\nc-\\nIO\\nsc\\nLO\\nOt\\n1C\\nco\\nCO\\nTTI\\nIO\\no\\nCO\\n3\\no\\nlO\\nCO\\n3\\n1 o\u00c2\u00b0\\nIO\\nCO\\no\\nCO\\no\\n3\\nIO\\nsO\\no\\no\\n3\\n0\u00c2\u00ab\\nIO\\nto\\nc-\\nsc\\nc_?\\nCO\\n\u00c2\u00a95\\n3\\no\\nco\\nCO\\nof\\n-r\\nt-\\no\\nS\\nt-\\nr.\\nIO\\n3\\nrt\\nTj\\nCS\\nas\\no\\n3\\nCS\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\no\\nr-\\n3\\no\\nOS\\nX\\nrt\\ns\\no__\\nO\\nCO\\nIO\\nco\\nX\\nIO\\no\\nre\\ncf\\nIO\\nLO\\nco\\nCM\\n\u00c2\u00a9j\\noo\\nd\\nIO\\n3\\nrt\\nso\\ni\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i\\nX\\nco\\nCJ\\nso\\nOJ\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\n\u00c2\u00a91\\nCM\\nc-\\nCO\\n50\\nlO\\nCO\\n1\\nt-\\no\\n-r\\nTH\\n_*\\no\\nCO\\n3\\n\u00c2\u00a91\\n3\\n1 \u00c2\u00a9J\\nIO\\nt-\\ncs\\n00\\nsc\\no\\nsc\\n3\\nt-\\n3\\n1 t-\\no\\nX\\noa\\ne\\no\\no\\nsc\\n3\\n3\\n1\\nos\\nso\\nuS\\nOS\\nso\\no\\n8\\n3\\nCO\\nc-\\no\\nOS\\no\\n1C\\nCO\\nCM\\nl-\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\n00\\no\\no\\neo_^\\n\u00c2\u00a9a\\nLT\\nCO\\nC;\\n\u00c2\u00a93\\nlO\\n\u00c2\u00a93\\nC-\\nio\\nOQ\\no\\nX\\ne*\\ni-\\nt-\\nt-\\nOJ\\nto\\n\u00c2\u00a93\\nCO\\nci\\nCO\\nso\\nCM\\n-t\\nt-\\nCtt\\nCO\\nCO\\nLO\\nn\\n01\\nSO\\nc\\no\\n^H\\nCO\\nt-\\n3\\no\\nio\\n-t\\n3\\no\\n-r\\nX\\nt-\\nOi\\n3\\nCO\\n00\\ni\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nOS\\n3\\no\\nM\\n\u00c2\u00bbo\\nto\\n-r\\n00\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\n3\\nc-\\nCO\\n3\\nO!\\nJ2\\n00\\noo\\nre\\nTJH\\nCO\\n00\\n3\\nco\\nt-\\nTJH\\nc\\nrh\\nCJ\\no\\n3\\nSC\\nIO\\nCS\\n^r\\n3\\nrh\\nco\\ncq.\\nl\\nt-\\nX\\nt-\\nCS\\nOS\\noo\\n3\\n00\\ntH\\n00\\nco\\nIO\\noo\\nX\\nt-\\nsc\\nsc\\n\u00c2\u00a93\\nIO\\n5JJ\\n00\\nTf\\n1\u00e2\u0080\u00941\\nCO\\nT*\\nIO\\n5\\nCS\\ni\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i\\n1C\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0X\\nCO\\nIO\\nIO\\nr-\\n3\\n-3\\n3\\nX\\nlO\\nX\\nCO\\nX\\n3\\no\\n-t\\nTt\\n3\\n3\\ncc\\nsc\\nc\\nX\\nX\\n3\\nso\\nIS\\nto\\n3\\n3\\nX\\nCO\\nCO\\n3\\ntH\\n-t\\ni\\n00~\\nCO\\nTf\\ns\\n3\\nt-\\n*i\\n3\\nc-\\nCO\\n3\\nIO\\nSC\\nX\\nX\\n3\\n3\\n\u00c2\u00a75\\n3\\nc\\ncc\\n\u00c2\u00a95\\n3\\n\u00c2\u00a9J\\nOO\\nz r\\nSO\\nCS\\ncr\\ns\\nX\\n3\\n3\\nsc\\nt-\\n3\\nCM\\nso\\nX\\nco\\nt-\\nX\\nCS\\nco\\n3\\nSC\\noc\\noc\\nCO\\nt-\\n\u00c2\u00a93\\nrH\\nCM\\n-1-\\n\u00c2\u00a95\\nlO\\nto\\n00\\n03\\n-t\\nCO\\nIO\\nCB\\nX\\na\\n0)\\n-J.\\na\\n\u00c2\u00a33\\nco\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\n5\\nno\\nOS\\na\\nc3\\na\\n5\\nCO\\n3\\n03\\nm\\nCO\\n\u00c2\u00abs\\nCO\\nX\\nc\\nE-\\nco\\nt/\\nCS\\na\\n5\\nco\\nC!\\ns\\nH\\no\\nP3\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a05\\nw\\nH\\nc\\nPC\\ncc\\nM\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a05", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0394.jp2"}, "395": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAi.IXAW COUNTY. 393\\nThe streams that have furnished- the logs for the Saginaw river\\nmills, and in what is commonly termed the Saginaw lumber dis-\\ntrict, are the Cass, Flint, Shiawassee. Bad, Tittabawassee and\\ntributaries. Kawkawlin, Rifle, Shore, Pine, Saginaw, Au Gres,\\nAn Sable and tributaries. The great bulk of logs, however, during\\nthe past years, have been furnished by the Tittabawassee and trib-\\nutaries, and when this supply commences to diminish the back-\\nhone of the log product will have been broken. The An Sable and\\ntributaries contribute of late but few logs to the Saginaw mills.\\nThey are mamufactured at Au Sable, Oscoda, and other shore points,\\nand rafted to lower lake points. The Au Gres contributes a por-\\ntion of its stock to Tawas mills, but the bulk of Rifle and Au Gres\\ncome to the Saginaw river.\\nThe Cass, Bad, Shiawassee and Flint, among the first lumbered,\\nhave passed out of calculation as log-producing streams, as a basis\\nof supply, each contributing but a small amount. Although logs\\nhad been run out of Cass river previous to 1864 in large quanti-\\nties, the Huron Log Boom Company was not organized until that\\nyear, and has since handled the product of the stream, which has\\ndiminished from one hundred million feet to less than six million\\nfeet the past year.\\nThe main source of supply for the Saginaw mills, as stated, is\\nthe Tittabawassee and tributaries, which are the Chippewa, Tobacco,\\nMolasses, Pine, Salt and Cedar.\\nThe Tittabawassee Boom Company was organized in 1804, and\\nduring the first vear of its existence rafted out 90,000,000 feet of\\nlogs. In 1S65 the product was 180,000,000 feet, and in 1866,\\n186,000,000 feet were rafted. In 1867 the company rafted out\\nand delivered 236,000,000 feet. The amount furnished this season\\nhowever, exceeds any previous year. The Bad River Boom Com-\\npany rafted out 20,000,000 feet of logs in 1865, and 23,000,000 in\\n1866. The Kawkawlin, Rifie and Au Gres Boom Companies were\\nsubsequently organized.\\nRECAPITULATION.\\nBriefly summarized, the rafting operations for the years desig-\\nnated aggregate as follows:\\nFeet. Feet. Feet.\\nL861 189,807,806 I 1*72 645,285,878 I 1877 651,567,948\\n446,960,583 1873 0X0,1)79,461 1878 558,079,674\\n1869 521,350,663 1874 589,825,404 1879 755,1 s?.r sf!\\n1870 623,397,353 i 1875 584,843,701 1880 923,874,8 i I\\nL871 521,796,927 1876 578,829,472\\nNot enumerated in the amount rafted in 1879 from the streams,\\n182,586, was 25,000,000 from the Shore, Pine and Saginin;and\\n24,300,000 in 1880, would make the grand totals for the past\\ntwo vear,: L879, 780,182,286 feet; L880, 948,174,274 feet.\\nIn the foregoing statement of the amount rafted during 18S0,\\nall of the logs handled by the Bad River Boom Co., for convenience,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0395.jp2"}, "396": {"fulltext": "394 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nare included in the estimate for that stream, although all of them\\ndo not properly belong to that stream. The total number of logs\\nrafted out of the Bad river boom in 1880, was 39,327, scaling\\n4,877,570 feet. The total number of logs rafted out of the Bad\\nriver, Shiawassee, Flint, Swan creek and Ferguson bayou, was\\n66,039, scaling 9,568,139 feet. The latter are the figures em-\\nbraced in the tabulated statement. In addition to the amount\\ngiven as rafted, 922,583,664 feet, there came out of the Shore Pine\\n18,000,000 feet, and out of the Saginin 6,300,000 feet, making a\\ngrand total of logs rafted, as stated above, of 948,174,274 feet.\\nLOGS HELD BACK.\\nThe foregoing figures represent the logs handled by the respective\\nboom companies on the streams named. It is estimated that there\\nis now in the limits of the Tittabawassee Boom Co. 35,000,000 feet\\nof logs, and there is 79,759,100 in the mill and store booms. Added\\nto the 580,290,610 feet rafted, the 35,000,000 in the boom limits\\nwould make a total product of 615,290,610 feet. At the close of\\noperations in 1879 there was held back in the Tittabawassee boom\\nlimits 65,000,000 feet of logs, and at the close of operations in 1878\\nthere was held back 21,900,000 feet of logs. At the close of oper-\\nations in 1879 there was in the mill booms of the Saginaw river\\n31,700,000 feet of logs. As each of the several streams contributed\\nto the amount now in the mill booms, and they are rafted and\\ndelivered, they are of course included in the foregoing tabulated\\nstatement.\\nThe amount rafted from the An Sable and Sable Pine is given\\nat 138,500,000 feet. There is in the boom and boom limits\\n17,000,000 feet, which, added to the amount rafted, makes a total\\nfor those streams of 155,500,000 feet. At the close of operations\\non the An Sable in 1879, there was a stock of 13,000,000 feet in\\nthe booms.\\nThere was rafted on Rifle river, as shown in the table, 79,314,651\\nfeet. There was left in the boom at the close of operations this\\nseason 3,573,438 feet, and in the river 8,000,000 feet, which added\\nto the amount rafted as given in the tabulated statement gives the\\ntotal for the stream 90,888,089 feet.\\nThere is 500,000 feet in the An Gres boom, and about 5,000,000\\nin the river, which added to the 95,719,614 feet rafted, makes a\\ntotal for the stream of 101,219,614 feet. Of the amount rafted\\nfrom the Au Gres, about 10,000,000 feet went to Tawas, and the\\nbalance came to the Saginaw river. Of the Au Sable stock only\\n2,000,000 feet came to the Saginaw river.\\nRAILROAD LOGS.\\nDuring the year 1880 the Flint Pere Marquette railroad\\nhauled 87,485,547 feet of pine logs, of which 58,205,194 feet came\\ndirect to the Saginaw river. The Mackinaw division of the Mich-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0396.jp2"}, "397": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n395\\nigan Central railroad also hauled\\n1880 about 15,000,000 feet oflogs.\\nto the Saginaw river during\\nSHINGLES.\\nThis branch of the lumber trade may be said to have been\\ninaugurated in 1852, and to have been ushered into public notice\\nin 1853, when 6,650 M. were shipped out of Saginaw river. The\\nfollowing year, 10,000,000 were manufactured and shipped at prices\\nranging from $2.25 to $2.50 per thousand. Since that period this\\nindustry has grown prodigiously, reaching 120,600,000 in 1872,\\nand meeting with an annual increase until 1880, when it rose to\\n241. 075, 160. Following is a summary statement of shingles man-\\nufactured in the Saginaw Valley since 1872:\\n1872 120,000 000 I 1875 124,030,240 I 1878 15:3,989,750\\n1873 130,(518,550 187(5 132,179,750 1879 218,934,000\\n1874 130,631,500 1877 107,806,750 1880 241,075,160\\nDuring the year 1880, the shingle factories of the county were\\nas follows:\\nN. A. Barnard\\nFrancis Kelly\\nGeo. Davenport\\nA. T. Bliss Bro\\nD. McLeod\\nMartindale Bros\\nB. M. Hosmer\\nA. B. Wiser\\nC. E. TenEyck....\\nWarner Eastman.\\nJno. (t. Owen\\nW 1 Reynolds.\\nWylie Wii^\\nMelchers Nerreter.\\nLaDue Phinney.\\nJ. W. Pel rin\\nBrand Hardin\\nG. V. Turner Son..\\nV Andrews\\nCapacity.\\n15,000,000\\n3,000,000\\n6,000,000\\n10,000.000\\n7,000,000\\n18,000,000\\n10,000,000\\n1,500,000\\n20,ti00,0( 0\\n5,000,000\\n500,0\\n25,000,000\\n26,000,000\\n10,000,000\\n20,000,000\\n13,000,000\\n7,000,000\\n12,000,000\\n8,000,000\\nAmount cut,\\n1880.\\n13,750,000\\n2,700,000\\n4,000,000\\n8,500,000\\n6,400,000\\n15,500,000\\n9,930,000\\n840,000\\n21,963,250\\n3,000,000\\n327,750\\n18,000,000\\n25,500,000\\n2,050,000\\n14,000,000\\n12,000,000\\n6,571,000\\n11,000,000\\n7,050,000\\nAmount on\\nhand at close\\nof season.\\n2,750,000\\n350,666\\nVoo ,666\\n1,200,000\\n1S,000\\n883,750\\n3,000,000\\n2,300,000\\n350,666\\n500,000\\nSTAVES.\\nThe first stave yard in the county was established in the winter\\nof l s ii- l, by Henry Shaw, of Mt. Clemens, acting as agent for a\\ncompany of capitalists, consisting of E. G. Merrick, of French\\ncreek, on the St. Lawrence, Nickels and Whitcomb, and Hiram\\nMerrick, of Detroit.\\nFrom 1850 to 1854 little actual work was performed by the com-\\npany. In the latter year, however, one hundred thousand Quebec\\nbutt staves, worth, delivered on the bank of the river, $50 per M.,\\nand 300 M. hogshead and pig staves, worth about $25 per 1,000,\\nwere manufactured.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0397.jp2"}, "398": {"fulltext": "396\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTen years later this industry produced 3,000,000 staves, manu-\\nfactured throughout the Valley, and in 1873 reached its greatest\\nheight, 9,568,898 staves being made.\\nOAK AND SQUARE TIMBER\\nwas begun in 1869 by Canadian lumbermen. The product of the\\nfirst year was 765,000 cubic feet. In 1873 the shipment of oak\\ntimber alone reached 3,231,920 feet.\\nOf manufactured lumber the product of the Saginaw river mills\\nfrom 1863 to 1880 is set forth as follows:\\nFeet.\\n18G3 133,580,000\\n1864 215,000.000\\n1865 250,139,340\\n1866 349,767,834\\n1867 423,963,190\\nFeet.\\n1869 523,500,830\\n1810 576,726,606\\n1871 529,682,878\\n1S72 602,118,980\\n1873 619,867,021\\nFeet.\\n1875 571,558,273\\n1876 573,950,771\\n1877 640,166,231\\n1878 574,162,757\\n1879 736,106,000\\n1868 457,396,225 1874 573,632,771 1880 863,356,009\\nThe following statement shows the aggregate shipments of lum-\\nber and shingles from the opening of navigation to the close in the\\nyears named:\\nLumber, ft. Shingles.\\n1868 430,128,100 74, 141,050\\n1869 474,912,425 86,878,500\\n1870 487,489,268 130,448,490\\n1871 516,629,474 142,661,500\\n1872 492,834,990 87,204,500\\n1873 452,768,562 38,521,500\\n1874 448,707,052 82,154,500\\nThe record of the lumber on the mill docks on the\\nriver, at the close of each season during the past sixteen years, is\\nas follows:\\nLumber, ft. Shingles.\\n1875 445, 14!), 155 117,832,500\\n1876 455,227,252 105,743,050\\n1877 539,886,047 162,504,250\\n1878 525,282,098 187,699,380\\n1879 678,298,866 222,602,731\\n188( 769,573,000 168,145,400\\nSaginaw\\n1865.\\n1866.\\n1867.\\n18(18.\\n1869.\\n1870.\\n1871.\\n1872.\\nOn dock.\\n.44,453,000\\n.44,415,700\\n.69,969,771\\n.67,401,017\\n.93,331,614\\n130,482,190\\n.75,599,511\\n152.822,55:!\\nSold.\\n22,3 i2,000\\n14,211,000\\n19,4:55,571\\n13,402,990\\n14,526,000\\n47,862,000\\n33,576,000\\n40,928,200\\nUnsold.\\n19,091,000\\n30,204,700\\n50,534,200\\n53,998,027\\n7^,805,514\\n82,560,100\\n42,023,511\\n111,894,353\\n1873\\n1874\\n1875\\n1876\\n1877\\n1878\\n1879\\n1880\\nOn dock.\\n222,071,665\\n213,152,663\\n223,202,108\\n224,546,657\\n245.935.5 2\\n247,572,383\\n221,864,595\\n295,870,633\\nSold.\\n30,893,000\\n23,135,000\\n26,595,578\\n30,000,000\\n23,511,666\\n18,640,280\\n85,647,837\\n92,103,596\\nUnsold.\\n191,178,965\\n190,017,663\\n196,606,530\\n194,546,657\\n222,323,856\\n2 8,932,103\\n136,216,758\\n203,667,037\\nCOMMERCIAL HISTORY.\\nThe foregoing descriptions and statistics are evidences of prog-\\nress, driven faster by enterprise, which cannot be mistaken.\\nScarcely a half a century has passed since the forests of this land\\nwere mere shades for the trapper and hunter; but all this has\\nchanged; the woods yield up their wealth, and give present employ-\\nment to tens of thousands of honest laborers, while in preparation\\nfor thousands of thrifty settlers.\\nIn closing this section of the book, the following review of the\\nlumber market of the valley, for a series of years, is given. Taken\\nfrom statistics, compiled by Messrs. Geo. F. Lewis, C. B. Headlv.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0398.jp2"}, "399": {"fulltext": "?^^A-^_", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0399.jp2"}, "400": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0400.jp2"}, "401": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 399\\nand in later times for the Courier, it appears to be as precise in\\nStatement a it is instructive and useful. On that account it is\\nselected as a most appropriate conclusion to a most important\\nchapter in the history of this comity.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2In L858 the accepted market value of No. 1 and 2 (ass river\\nlogs, was $4 per M feet, and sales were made as low as $2.25.\\nThe price of lumber then was $3, $6, $8, $12 and Sis per M. and\\na portion of the product that year sold as low as $2.50, $5, $7,\\n$10 and $15 per M. As late as 1860, the three upper qualities\\nBold together at $9, and in many instances as low as $8 per M.\\nAnd it should be recollected in those days only the cream of the\\nlogs were manufactured, the skinning- process being reserved for\\nlater days, greater demand and scarcity of the better qualities of\\npine lumber. Early in the season of 1863, sales of lumber were\\nmade at $3, s ami sit;, and later in the same year the price\\nadvanced to $4.50, $9 and $18. During the season of 1864, sales\\nwere made at $5, $1 si;,, S2n to $25, and prices gradually\\nadvanced until 1st!?. 1 during the season, notwithstanding the surplus\\nof stock as compared with the requirements of trade, lumber ruled\\nfirm at $6, $12 and $40 for culls, common, and upper qualities.\\nThe season of 1 868 was characterized by a fair degree ofactivity,\\nand a larger manufacture than any previous year in the history of\\nthe manufacture on the Saginaw river. Prices held quite evenly\\nat $6, $12 and $35, some exceptional lots selling a shade higher\\nthan these quotations.\\nNo year between 1861 and 1870, was so unsatisfactory to lum-\\nbermen as that of L869, no year involving so many losses to the\\n-mallei- operators, none wherein the margin of profit to those doing\\nan entirely solid business, whose resources were ample, and\\nwhose facilities were such that they could take advantage of every\\nfavoring circumstance of the market and shipment, were so slight.\\nIn fact the Saginaw Valley was in 1869 the backbone of the\\nlumber business of the entire Northwest, and, but for the right\\nposition taken by its leading manufacturers and held against all\\nassaults, and under a weight which only needed the last feather\\nt i crush the entire superstructure, the lumber business would have\\ntouched bottom, and demoralization taken place. Prices ranged\\nluring the year for the better grades of lumber at $6, $12, $35,\\n$5.50, I 1 ami s. and coarser grades being sold at less figures,\\nami in many instances good stock was shaded.\\nThe lumber market of the Valley during 1870, while not as\\nsatisfactory as desired, was n,, t characterized by the fluctuations to\\nthe extent of the previous year and the movement was more uni-\\nform. The short crop of logs put in the previous winter, was the\\nprimary cause of a more healthy condition of the market both in\\nvolume of business and prices. The season opened weak and\\nrather unsettled at $5.50, $11 and $33, and during the summer.\\nselling down as low a LO, $30 to 32. The market, however,\\nrallied in the fall and closed strong at $6, $12 and $35, with the\\ngood stock nearly all picked up.\\n24", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0401.jp2"}, "402": {"fulltext": "100 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nk The market opened in 1871 with a doubt as to the actual\\nquantity of logs which had been put in during the winter, and\\nunder the influence of the uncertainty, prices stood at $6, $12 and\\n$35, until, as conviction became a certainty, a gradual advance re-\\nsulted until $7, $1-1 and $38 became the ruling quotations, while\\n$8, $16 and $10 were obtained for some lots. With a firm and\\nrising market, lumber was held firm, the log market kept pace\\nwith lumber, and at the close of the season, logs sold as high as $16\\nper M. The short crop of logs and an unusually active demand\\nfor the lumber product were the chief factors in producing this\\nsatisfactory condition of the market.\\nThe season of 1871 closed favorable, with a comparatively\\nsmall stock of lumber on hand, available for the market of 1872.\\nThe great fire at Chicago had swept away 60,000,000 feet of stock,\\na large number of mills had been destroyed, and there was an in-\\ncreased demand everywhere for lumber. As one of the incentives\\nfor lumbering, large tracts of pine had burned over during the fall\\nof 1871, and to save the timber, it was necessary to cut it. Conse-\\nquently an unusually large stock of logs was put in during the\\nwinter of 1871- 2, but it did not all come out many of the logs\\nwere banked on small streams where, under most favorable cir-\\ncumstances, water was scarce. The dry weather of the previous\\nseason, and light snow and rainfall during the fall and winter left\\nthe swamps dry, and in consequence the spring freshet did not\\npan out as well as expected. The first lot of logs down was but\\na fraction of the quantity banked, and notwithstanding men were\\nkept in the woods half the season in expectation of a second\\nfreshet, a large number of the logs were left back with the pros-\\npect of hopelessly hung up written on the log account of manu-\\nfacturers. Prices opened during the year at $7, $11 and $35, for\\nthe grades of culls, common and uppers, and closed at about $7. 50,\\n$15 and $37. A large number of sales were reported during the\\nseason at $8, $16 and $10, and a strong effort was made to hold\\nthese prices, but the high rate of freights during the latter part of\\nthe season tended to crowd prices down. Among the circumstances\\ncalculated to operate unfavorably upon the market was the\\nnecessity of putting in stock that had been burned, the high price\\nof labor in consequence of an unusual demand therefor, and the\\nextra expense of getting the logs out by reason of low water. A\\nstrike of mill employes which came about the middle of the season,\\nlasting three weeks, and causing a partial suspension of operations\\nwas alike detrimental to the manufacturer as well as the employe.\\nBut for the unusual demand for lumber, the panic of 73 would\\nundoubtedly have been inaugurated to some extent among the\\nlumbermen of the valley a year earlier.\\nThe history of the lumber marketof the Saginaws during 1873 is\\none that causes no pleasurable emotions on the part of the reviewer to\\nrefer to. For 10 previous years the trade had in the main been pros-\\nperous, each year recording an increased production and a fairly main-\\ntained range of values, which to the commencement of the winter", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0402.jp2"}, "403": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF S A GIN AW COUNTY. 1 1\\nof L872 liad stimulated Lumbermen to their utmost exertions.\\nThe winter named was no exception to its predecessors, although\\na feeling was general that the production wajs in excess of the de-\\nmand ot trade. The opening of navigation in 1 873, found the mill\\ndocks stocked with L91, 173, 665 feet of unsold lumber which had\\nbeen wintered over, with a light demand, and it soon became\\napparent that a season t unusual dullness was to be experienced.\\nFew a!e were made in the spring, however, at less than $6, $12\\nami $35. The failure of Jay Cooke Co., in September, precipi-\\ntated the panic, and a general breaking down of values in all\\nclasses of products. A- a consequence, lumber sympathized and\\nprices went down to $5, $10, and $30 for choice, and sales were\\nmade of ordinary run of stock at $4, $8, and $28 to $30. The\\npanic also caused a practical suspension in the demand, so far as\\nactivity could he regarded. The depression had one good effect,\\nand that was to crowd a Large number of operators out of the woods\\nduring the winter of lS73- 4, and naturally checking the produc-\\ntion, and ultimately paving the way for the better times/\\nThe season of 1^74 affords no feature for the reviewer not in-\\ncluded in the remarks relative to the season of 1873. Prices ruled\\nas low as during the previous year, and in many instances manu-\\nfacture was carried on at a h\\nThe season of 187.\u00c2\u00bb opened with a stock of 190,017,663 feet of\\nunsold Lumber on dock, with large accumulations at the principal\\ndistributing points As a result the continued depression fell in\\nall circles of business, causing but little demand for lumber pro-\\nducts, coupled with the strenuous efforts to get out a large stock of\\ntended to cause the home market to open dull, and a stagna-\\ntion was a marked feature of tin- year s business. Despite earnest\\nefforts to maintain the prices of the previous year, it early became\\napparent that the holders would he obliged to submit to a reduc-\\ntion, if they would realize on their stocks. The demand from,\\nabroad was SO nearly tilled by the heavy shipments of the pre-\\nvious tall, made possible by the extremely low rates offreight then\\nprevailing, that the early season was marked by an almost universal\\nreversing of the laws which had governed the trade, and when it\\nwas found that buyers did not freely seek the producers, the\\nholders of stock were fain by themselves or their traveling agents to\\nseek out the consumers. This state of facts brought with it another,\\nevil. Consumers, or rather distributors, who.had heretofore been\\ncompelled to make their purchases upon a cash basis, now be-\\ncame dictators of terms to the sellers, and as a result, while every\\nother branch ot industry was rapidly assuming a strictly cash basis,\\nthe Iu mber trade was forced into thechannels of credit, and pur-\\nchases on time became the rule to such an extent that sales on six,\\nnine, and even L2 months were not unusual. Mean time one con-\\ncession leading to another, prices drooped until from the prevail-\\ning prico of si;, $12 and $35 of the early spring and previous fall,\\na decline of at least two dollars per thousand, and in some cases\\nmore, became a fixed fact, some sales being made at $4.50, $9 and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0403.jp2"}, "404": {"fulltext": "402 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwith a few sales of small dimension staff as low as $7 and\\ntlie market quotations being fairly, at from $5, $10 and\\nto $5.50, $12 and $33, although extra nice lots were\\noccasionally as high as the old figures of $6, $12 and $35. This\\nstate of things continued to the close of navigation, to the dis-\\ncouragement of the producers, of whom it is safe to say that on the\\naverage the debit side of the profit and loss account was the largest\\nfor the season s business.\\nThe evils of the credit system which had been inaugurated were\\nnot slow to manifest themselves in the shape of dishonored paper,\\nof which it is estimated that fully a quarter of a million dollars\\nwere thrown back upon the hands of those, in the Saginaw Yalley\\nalone, who had looked upon promises to pay as better than stock\\non hand. Notwithstanding all the discouragements of trade, which\\nmarked the entire season, few failures were noted among operators,\\nand those in the main have been caused by misfortunes outside\\nof the usual channels of trade, such as the crippling effects of\\nheavy losses by fire, in the destruction of mill property, in several\\ncases causing disaster, which, combined with the depressed state of\\ntrade, could not be overcome. As a class the mill men stood up\\nunder the disastrous condition of trade incident to the panic and\\nfollowing years of stagnation in a manner entitling them to the\\nappellation of solid to a degree exceeded by no class of men in\\nany branch of industry.\\nThe stagnation incident to the hard times was felt through the\\nseason of 1876. The prices of lumber ranged from $1.50, $9 and\\n$28, to $6, $12 and $30. An average through the season was\\n$5.25, $11.50 and $30. A large quantity was sold during the\\nseason, the shipments aggregating over 500,000,000 feet. Despite\\nthe hard times the season made a better showing as regards lumber\\nmoved than any previous one.\\nThe evils characteristic of an extended credit system of two or\\nthree previous dull years were in a measure remedied during 1877,\\nand there were no financial reverses of magnitude; the product\\nshowed an increase over the previous year, and the season in ship-\\nments was an active one. The market showed very little fluctua-\\ntion during the season, the range being $5, $9 and $25, to $6, $12\\nand $28. For exceptional lots in some instances an advance on\\nthese figures was obtained.\\nThe lumber market in the spring of 1878, stimulated by an\\nopen winter and a consequent shortage in the log crop, opened\\nstrong at $6, $12 and $28, and $6.50, $13 and $28 to $30, while\\nfor exceptional lots higher prices were realized. These conditions\\nwere maintained and prices ruled firm until about the first of Sep-\\ntember, when quite unexpectedly the demand for lumber stocks\\ndropped off, prices declined, and the market ruled weak to the\\nclose. Prices closed from $1 to $1.50 per M lower than the open-\\ning of the season, the nominal quotations being $5 to $5.50 for culls,\\n$10 to $11 for common, and $26 to $27 for uppers. The cause of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0404.jp2"}, "405": {"fulltext": "HI8T0RY OF SAGINAW COUNTV. 403\\nthis decline was attributed to summer logging which was carried\\non upon a hitherto unprecedented scale.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2At the opening of the shipping season of 1879, quotations were\\n.50, $10to $10.50,and $25 to $27. The market was sluggish\\nuntil June, when the boom 9truck the Valley, followed by more\\nactivity than before during any of the years following the panic.\\nThe closing quotations were $6.50, $13 and $28, with $7, $14 and\\n$30 for selected Btocks.\\nA notable season in the history of the lumber trade, consider-\\nLng tlu amount ofbusiness done and the steadiness of prices and\\nthe demand forstock, is that of L880. The figures on the books of\\nthe custom bouse show that more lumber has left the Saginaw river\\nby vessels than during any other year in the history of the trade\\nin this district. The tabulated statement elsewhere shows also a\\nlarger producl of lumber and logs than ever before recorded in the\\nhistory of the trade. The season of 18S0 opened with uncertainty\\nand doubt, clouding the minds of dealers in nearly every locality\\nexcepl the Saginaw district. Eere the wide-awake and intelligent\\nmanufacturers seem to have grasped the situation with a clearness\\noft iprehension which gave them confidence, and resulted in a\\nfirmness and uniformity of views that proved of great benefit.\\nWhile dealers, cast and west, looked for a breakin prices, the man-\\nufacturers of Eastern Michigan held steadily to their faith that an\\nincreased demand would maintain and even increase rates, and\\nthey have had the satisfaction of having their judgment vindicated\\nby the logic of events. The demand for lumber stocks at the East\\nhas been unprecedentedly large, so much so that not only have\\nthe re-. Hirers of the Saginaw Valley and the various Canadian\\nsources of supply been taxed to their utmost capacity to meet it,\\nhut tin- Northwest has been drawn upon to quite an extent.\\nThere were, it is true, some casual causes for the extra de-\\nmands of the eastern market upon the west. There was a\\nfalling off in the supply from the chief producing districts ot\\nthe East, the streams in Maine, New Hampshire, Connecticut\\nand Pennsylvania failing to bring down the logs put into them.\\nThe supply of spruce from the St. Lawrence was also somewhat\\nlimited. Nevertheless, it was undeniable that the demands of the\\neastern market have been unusually large. It is gratifying to\\nknow that it has not been a speculative one, but that the lumber\\nwhich has --one thither has been required to meet the wants of con-\\nBurners. It has been a season of general prosperity in the trade,\\nand if the profits of the dealers have not been as large as to per-\\ncentage, the difference lias been more than made up by the amount\\nof business done. The manufacturers have made money, and there\\nis no denyingit. Their profits have been good, and the Saginaw\\nproducers have probably done better than those of any other sec-\\ntion, because they have held their stock firmly and resisted every\\neffort of the bears to depress prices.\\nThe shipping season opened in March, and up to May 1st,\\nover si i.mimi.i loo feet of lumber had gone forward by water. The", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0405.jp2"}, "406": {"fulltext": "401 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmarket ruled firm the entire season at $6, $12 and $30 for ordinary\\nstock, while good stock sold readily at $7, $11 and $30 to $32.\\nChoice grades sold at $7.50, $15 and $35, and in some instances\\n$8, $16 and $36 were realized.\\nThe season was noted for a scarcity of the best grades of lum-\\nber, and toward the close dealers were unable to nil orders for\\nthat class of stock. The stock on dock of coarse lumber is larger\\nthan usual, but it is now in better demand, and there will be com-\\nparatively a small quantity of marketable lumber on the dock at\\nthe opening of navigation, unsold.\\nSince the close there has been an active request, and from\\n50,000,000 to 75,000,000 has been sold for shipment next season,\\nwhile some choice lumber has been purchased for next season s de-\\nlivery yet in the woods.\\nThe operations in the lumber market during 1881 give promise\\nof a magnitude never reached hitherto. During the winter the\\nwoods were alive with lumbermen, the river, for a distance of 20\\nmiles, is one vast lumber city, and the prospects of trade as good\\nas at any period in the history of the Saginaw lumber market.\\nTHE REGION OF ILLIMITABLE POSSIBILITIES.\\nFor many years past the pine forests of Michigan have afforded\\nmuch material for the mathematician as well as lumberman. A\\nscore of years ago and wise men said the timber region would dis-\\nappear within 15 summers; a few more years passed, and the\\nspeculative philosopher stated the supply almost exhausted; but\\nstill the pine woods survive as if to prove that their resources are\\nincalculable. About 12 years ago Hon. John F. Driggs prepared\\na paper on the timber and minerals of the State. There was no\\nreason whatever to suppose that his conclusions on the timber\\nquestion were narrow or confined; on the contrary, the great major-\\nity of those who read that paper were inclined to believe that the\\npine would give out much sooner than the time which he stated it\\nwould last. He said: It has been ascertained that in the year\\n1868 there was cut in the entire State, 1,600,000,000 feet, Saginaw\\nValley and the Bay Shore producing about one-third of the whole\\namount. Making what I suppose to be a low estimate, that the annual\\nproduction in the whole State in the past 18 years has been 100,-\\n000,000 feet, the entire product within that period has been 7,200,-\\n000, 000 feet. Placing the average yield at 3, 750 feet to the acre, and\\nat 300,000 feet to the 80-acre lot, we find the enormous number of\\n1,920,000 acres from which the pine has been removed in this State.\\nEstimating the entire amount yet standing in Northern Michigan,\\nincluding the Upper Peninsula, at double the amount, say 1,000,000\\nacres, the future yield will be 15,000,000,000 feet, and at the present\\nprice of $15 f M, will be worth in market $225,000,000. The timber,\\nshingles, etc., will bring at least $75,000,000 more, making the\\npine in the forests of Northern Michigan produce the vast sum of\\n$300,000,000. This 1,000,000 acres of standing pine, at the pres-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0406.jp2"}, "407": {"fulltext": "HISTOBV. OF SAGINAW OOTJNTT. 405\\nen1 rate of exhaustion, will all lie cleared in 12 or 14 years. But\\nas heretofore the pine has been mostly cut on streams accessible\\nfor punning logs, and as much of the remaining timber, both in the\\nLower and CTpper I en insula, is found in sections too distant from the\\nwater-courses to make them available tbr that purpose, the supply\\nfrom such Localities musl depend upon future railroad and other\\nfacilities for transportation to market. Until such means are af-\\nforded, the annual yield must soon he diminished, and this ma\\\\\\nprolong the entire exhaustion of white pine in the State for a period\\nof 1^ or 20 years; hut beyond that it is hardly possible.\\nThree year- ago (1878) another gentleman, thoroughly convers-\\nant with the pine region, made the subscribed estimate of the\\namount f timber yet standing:\\n,rn -here from Sebewaing to Algouac, including Flint, Lapeer,\\nand lass rivers 1,500,000.000\\nRifle river 3,500,000,000\\nLa Sable 3,000,000,000\\nThunder Bay and Shore 3,000,000,000\\nSheboygan. 1,000,000,000\\nManistee 6,000,000,000\\nFrom Manistee to White river, including Pere Marquette river 4,000,000,000\\nMu kegon 3,000,000,000\\nGrand river 1,000,000,000\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0i aw and tributaries, excepting Cass and Flint rivers 6,000,000,000\\nUpper Peninsula, which includes the Monistique, Escanaba, Stur-\\ngeon. White Fisli and intermediate points 10,000,000,000\\nBmafler districts not included 2,000,000,000\\nTt tal 43,000,000,000\\nThese figures must be purely speculative; yet they come nearer\\nthe reality than any hitherto furnished. He who said, There is\\nno means of knowing how much timber is yet standing, is secure\\nin his assertion. One might as well endeavor to sink a shaft to\\nChina as try to compile a statement of the probable amount of tim-\\nber now standing that lumbermen who are acquainted with the for-\\nests of Michigan would believe. In 1868 it was estimated that there\\nwas -tamling 4,000,000 acres in the State, which at the rate of ex-\\nhaustion, then 400,000feet annually, would exhaust the product in\\nL2 to 14 years, and 1^ year- was placed as the utmost limit.\\nTwelve of the L8 years have passed since these figures were made,\\nduring which the product has exceeded 1,000,000,000 feet yearly,\\nand during the past three year- more than doubling these figures.\\nyet lumbermen -till look ahead for 10 or 12 years. (ait fully as large\\nas at present. The pine region is now opened up to the explorer;\\nrailroads enter it- very heart, and as it becomes better known, it\\nwould not be subject for surprise to Learn that timber exists in such\\nquantities as to insure a continuance of supply until the beginning\\nof the 20th century.\\nThe timber districts of the Peninsula are known as the Saginaw\\nValley, Saginaw Bay, An Sable. Thunder Bay, Cheboygan, Grand\\nTraverse, upper and Lower Manistee. Pere Marquette, Muskegon\\nand Grand river. The Saginaw Valley district embraces the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0407.jp2"}, "408": {"fulltext": "406 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncounties of Tuscola, Lapeer, Genesee, Saginaw, Gratiot, Isabella,\\nGladwin, Clare and Midland, drained by the following tributaries\\nto the Saginaw river: Flint, Bad, Cass, Pine, Chippewa, Tobacco\\nand Tittabawassee. Of these streams, the Flint and Cass, once\\nextensively lumbered, are now rapidly declining and cease to be\\nreckoned as important contributors to the stock of logs required for\\nthe cut of the Saginaw river mills. The Chippewa and Pine have\\nalso been largely lumbered and the principal timber is well up on\\nthe headwaters and on small tributaries. There is yet a ridge of\\ntimber running northeast from the headwaters of Flat river, in\\nMontcalm county, and covering the headwaters of the Pine, the\\nChippewa, the Tobacco, the Tittabawassee, and continuing across\\nto the headwaters of the Au Sable and along the headwaters of\\nThunder Bay river as far as Cheboygan.\\nThe Saginaw Valley receives the great bulk of the stock furnished\\nby this territory, although the shore and Muskegon river receive\\na portion, the latter going to Muskegon mills. The Flint Pere\\nMarquette railroad passes through the heart of the lumber regions\\nwest and northwest of East Saginaw, and numerous mills have\\nsprung up, while Flint, Midland and Ludington are centers of\\nmanufacture to quite an extent.\\nThe Jackson division of the Michigan Central also passes through\\nthis territory, along the line of which manufacturing is carried on\\nto some extent; both these arteries of commerce furnishing outlets\\nfor logs, lumber and shingles, and also modes of communication\\nwith the lumbering regions for supplies, etc.\\nThe Saginaw Bay district is drained by the Pine, Rifie and Au\\nGres and other smaller streams bordering the Saginaw Bay, em-\\nbracing the counties of Bay, Ogemaw, Iosco, and litis for some years\\nbeen a source of timber supply for the Saginaw river mills and\\nmills at Tawas. The extent of lumbering in this district has\\ndrained from it the large proportion of the best timber, especially\\non the lower waters of the streams.\\nThe River Au Sable has a large manufacturing center at its\\nmouth on Lake Huron. The counties of Alcona, Iosco, Oscoda,\\nCrawford, Roscommon, Otsego and Montmorency, are drained in\\npart by tin s stream and its tributaries, and also competing for the\\ntimber on the headwaters of the Muskegon, Manistee and Thun-\\nder Bay rivers. The pine of this district is of good quantity. The\\nMackinaw division of the Michigan Central also taps this district,\\nand a fair portion of its product in the future will find an outlet via\\nthis thoroughfare.\\nThunder Bay river embraces Alpena, and portions of. Alcona,\\nOscoda, Montmorency and Presque Isle counties. This district\\nembraces a very large territory, mostly tributary to Alpena at the\\nmouth of Thunder Bay river, where extensive manufacturing has\\nbeen carried on for many years.\\nThe Cheboygan district includes the lake shore counties in the\\nvicinity of the Straits of Mackinaw, drained by the Cheboygan\\nriver and tributaries. Lumbering at Cheboygan, Duncan City,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0408.jp2"}, "409": {"fulltext": "SI8TGRY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 407\\nand other points in the vicinity, is carried on quite extensively.\\nThe Mackinaw division of the Michigan Central is now being ex-\\ntended to the strait.-, and anotheryear will open up that territory\\nwithin easy and rapid communication with the Saginaw river\\ncities.\\nThe foregoing territory embraces principally the product in-\\ncluded in this annual review, excepting a portion of the Flint\\nPere Marquette railroad mills and nulls atLudington, at the mouth\\nofPere Marquette river. A brief glance at the other pine-produc-\\ning districts in the Lower Peninsula, the product of the principal\\npoint- being given in this report, may not be inappropriate.\\nThe Grand Traverse region extends practically from Mackinaw\\nto Manistee, covering a large area, with a good quality of pine.\\nLumbering has been carried on for years at Traverse City, Elk\\nRapids, Cadillac, Frankfort and otherpoints, the timber coming\\nfrom the Boardman, Platte and other smaller streams. The Grand\\nlipids Indiana railroad taps this territory, and numerous mills\\nhave been erected along the line of the road.\\nThe Upper Manistee river district lies upon the Manistee, from\\nits source in Otsego county to the north timber ridge in Wexford\\ncomity, which divides it from the Tower Manistee, embracing an\\nextensive tract of pine. The Grand Rapids Indiana roadcros-e-\\nthe Lower portion of this body.\\nThe Lower Manistee, Little An Sable and Pere Marquette in-\\nclude- the pine timber region lying west of the Muskegon waters\\nami along the Lake Michigan shore from Manistee to Pentwater,\\nami drained by the stream- named and their tributaries. The\\nprincipal manufacturing points are Manistee, Ludington and Pent-\\nwater. The product of Ludington appears in the table of the Flint\\nPere Marquette mills, beiny; at the terminus of the road, a\\nthoroughfare which traverses a Large area of this timber tract,\\nThe Muskegon river district is one of the largest in the State.\\nThe river is Large, and with its numerous large tributaries, the\\nLittle Muskegon, the Tamarack. Middle Branch, Clam river and\\nother streams, affords Lumbering facilities to a greater extent than\\nany other stream in the State. From Eiggins and Houghton lakes,\\nthe main river flows through Roscommon, Missaukee, Osceola,\\nClare. Mecosta, Newaygo and Muskegon counties, while the trib-\\nutaries reach the counties of Wexford and Montcalm, penetrating\\nthe dividing ridge, and reaching timber tracts which divide their\\nproducts between the eastern and western slope of the peninsula.\\nFrom the same districl the logs are cut for the Saginaw andforthe\\nMuskegon waters, ami at Houghton lake the same township sup-\\nplies timber for the Muskegon and the An Sable of Lake Huron,\\nand on the west, the Maid-tee. the Pere Marquette and the White\\nriver, divide timber with the waters of the Muskegon, and still\\nfurther, the latter take- timber from the same territory which sup-\\nplies the mills of Grand river. TheMichigan Lake Shore. Grand\\nRapids Indiana. Flint A: Pere Marquette and other roads pass\\nthrough this district in different direction-, and the Mackinaw", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0409.jp2"}, "410": {"fulltext": "408 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ndivision of the Michigan Central touches the extreme headwaters\\nof the district in Roscommon county. The Muskegon is one of the\\nprincipal pine-producing streams of the State, in fact is surpassed\\nby none save the Tittabawassee and tributaries. The lower Mus-\\nkegon pine has been exhausted largely, but the extent of the stream\\nand its numerous tributaries will continue a source of supply for\\nyears yet to come.\\nLIFE IN THE LUMBER WOODS.\\nLife in the lumber woods is, perhaps, the most peculiar feature\\nconnected with the timber business. In the woods the inaugural\\nlabors of the timber-worker begins. The tree which he fells to-\\nday may pass through hundreds of hands here, and afterward be\\nultimately utilized by a European or Asiatic carpenter. Rev. C.\\nA. Brigham, in speaking on this subject, said:\\nThe first party of woodmen usually go out in November. As\\nsoon as the ground begins to freeze, the men select a place for\\ntheir camp as nearly as possible in the center of the lot which\\nthey are to work upon, taking care to get a dry soil in the neigh-\\nborhood of some spring or brook; they build a log house and cut a\\nroad to the nearest stream on which the logs must be floated down.\\nThe log houses are large enough to accommodate from 25 to 50\\npersons. In the center a raised lire-place is built, directly under\\nthe apex of the roof, and the only chimney is a tunnel above this\\nfire-place. The work of wood-cutting begins as soon as\\nthe road is finished and the ground becomes hard enough to haul\\nthe logs, usually early in December,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and it is continued until\\nthe stream breaks up in the spring. The daily wood-chopping be-\\ngins with the early morning, and is kept up as long as there is\\nlight. In the evenings the woodmen sit around their fire, smoke\\npipes, play cards, tell stories, and sometimes get up rude dances.\\nThere is very little drinking among them during the season of\\nwork in the woods. Sutlers are not allowed on the premises, and\\nthe men have usually no money to buy liquor. They are paid by\\nthe day and supplied with suitable food by their employers. Pork\\nand beans, dried fish, bread and tea, are the most approved arti-\\ncles of diet. Coffee is not generally provided, and the delicacies\\nconsist chiefly in the wild game which the woodmen themselves\\nmay chance to catch. There is plenty of this to be had, if they\\nhad only the time to take it, for the woods are still full of squirrels,\\nrabbits, coons, deer, and black bears, whose flesh is not unpalata-\\nble; the streams, too, are full of fish. But the men are too busy\\nin their craft to do much fishing or hunting, and are content with\\ntheir simple, but nourishing, regular fare. In addition to their\\nnourishment, they get, on an average, about one dollar per day\\nfor their labor. The whole gain of a lumberman in his winter s\\nhard work is about $100, which a new suit of clothes and a few\\nweeks of sport in the spring generally exhaust. The life of lum-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0410.jp2"}, "411": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 409\\nbermen is like that of sailors, and very few lay up the fruits of\\ntheir toil.\\nIn character, the men are quite as good as the average of those\\nwho lead a roving life. A Large number of them work in the mills\\nin the summer season, some go n further west, and others go\\nhome to their friends in Canada or Maine. Comparatively few of the\\nwood-choppers are [rishmen or Germans, though there are parties\\nof both these races. They are gregarious in their habits; in cut-\\nting trees they go in pairs, and very few of them are willing to\\nlive in separate huts, or away from the camp. They sleep along\\nthe sloping side of the house, with their feet inward toward the\\ncentral lire, which is kept burning all night. They dispense with\\nprayers and preaching, and make little account of Sunday. A few\\nnave books, but the taste for reading is not general; mending\\nclothes and sharpening axes, with such amusements as have been\\nmentioned, fill the spare time. Their occupation is healthful and\\ncheerful. The stock of medicines rarely needs to be replenished,\\nand there is not much for a physician to do in their strong-armed\\ncompany. This description of the lumber camp was written\\nwhile the industry was still young. With its growth the charac-\\nteristics of the lumber camp improved; new articles of diet were\\nintroduced; books, periodicals and newspapers found their way in-\\nto the midst of the bush, the penchant for fight has been subdued,\\nand the lumberman of to-day is morally superior to him of 13\\nyears ago, and physically his equal.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0411.jp2"}, "412": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XIII.\\nSALT MANUFACTURE\\nThe existence of brine currents in Michigan was known to the\\nearly French missionaries and voyageurs, and was spoken of from\\ntheir camps at Detroit to the schools of Paris. During the long\\nseries of years, from the missionary period down to 1835- 6, little\\nor no attention was paid to these mines of wealth, until some years\\nafter the migratory movement of the eastern people toward Mich-\\nigan set in. The first marked public attention to the salt springs\\nof the Peninsula was exhibited in the winter of 1835. The follow-\\ning year the Congress of the United States passed the act of ad-\\nmittance, and in recognizing Michigan as a State, granted to her\\n12 salt springs within her boundaries, with six sections adjoining\\neach, or 36 square miles of the public domain. The New State was\\nnot slow to take advantage of this proviso in her charter, for by a\\nLegislative enactment, under date July 25, 1836, the Governor\\nwas empowered to make such a selection, and made a choice of the\\nlands along the Grand river, the Raisin, and a limited tract on the\\nTittabawassee.\\nThe act of March 4, 1838, appropriated a sum of $3,000 for the\\npurpose of trial borings. This sum was placed at the disposal of\\nDr. Douglas Houghton, then State geologist. During the sum-\\nmer of that year, he proceeded to Salt river, and thence to the\\nTittabawassee, where, on the west bank, near its confluence with\\nSalt river, he made the first trial boring, in June, 1838. In his\\nreport to the Legislature in 1839, he states that the State salt\\nlands on the Tittabawassee river, in Midland county, are peculiarly\\nelegibly situated, being a few miles below the head of navigation\\nof that stream, and embracing the mouth of Salt river. The\\nlabor expended at this point during 1838, cost the State $2,118.67.\\nWork continued in this vicinity throughout 183 J-*41. At the close\\nof the latter year, the shaft reached only a depth of 139 feet. The\\ngeologist was strong in his belief that the springs could be tapped\\nat a depth of 600 feet; but the exigencies of the time suggested a\\nsuspension of operations, which were not again renewed until\\nprivate enterprise came forward and took up the golden oppor-\\ntunity. It is stated, in a historical sketch of the salt springs, com-\\npiled by James M. Thomas and A. B. Galatian, in 1866, that,\\nduring the several years the work was in progress, Dr. Houghton\\npassed much, of his time in Saginaw, and in his intercourse with\\nthe people fully impressed them with the same confidence which\\nhe had himself in the existence of a salt basin in this valley. He\\ninformed them that the act under which the appropriation was\\n(410)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0412.jp2"}, "413": {"fulltext": "ll[ Tui;v OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 411\\nmade required him to commence on the State salt spring land; but\\nthat it was his opinion that the center ofthe basin would be found\\nat r Dear the mouth of the Tittabawassee river, about two miles\\nabove the present Bite of Eas1 Saginaw. And after the work was\\nabandoned by the State, lion. Norman Little and others continued\\ntinn in the belief, founded upon their confidence in the opinion of\\nDr. Houghton, that a shaft had only to he sunk to a depth offrom\\n600 t lj oo feet to find strong brine at any point in this vicinity.\\nBut the experience ofthe State led them to believe that it was no\\nidle task to make the experiment, and that whoever should take\\nthe risk would be obliged to invest a large sum. winch, in case of\\nwould benefit his neighbors as much as himself. Dr.\\n--tier prepared salt from surface brine in 1849 others made sim-\\nilar experiments. Thus matters stood until the session of the Legis-\\nlature in L859, when a bill was introduced to appropriate $10,000\\nto aid in the development of salt springs in the Grand River Val-\\nley.\\nA- soon as the pendency of this bill was known at East Saginaw,\\na public meeting was called, and the unjust discrimination in favor\\nof Grand Rapids was bitterly complained of. It was believed that\\nthe chances of success at Saginaw were at least equal to those of\\nGrand Rapids. As the country became better known about Sagi-\\nnaw, it was found that the surface indications of the existence of\\nbrine were abundant, and were found existing in the greatest pro-\\nfusion at about an equal distance from the point selected by Dr.\\nIbnighton as the center ofthe basin, and almost in every direction\\nfrom that center. With such a knowledge, it is no wonder that\\nthe action of the Legislature in its exclusion of Saginaw Valley\\nfrmn consideration in this matter, aroused the people to a sense of\\nthe injustice of an exclusive grant in favor ofthe Grand river dis-\\ntrict, and resulted in the important meeting of January, 1859.\\nTHE GOVERNED GOVERN.\\nA meetingof the principal men of the two Saginaws was held\\nin the office of Charles R Mott, Jan. 26, 1859, over which Dr. Geo.\\nA. Lathrop presided; \\\\X I.. Webber was secretary. The question\\nof confidence in the opinions of Dr. Houghton was fully discussed,\\nami to the credit of the participants in the debate, the ideas ofthe\\nState Geologist fiilly sustained. Hon. Norman Little, Morgan L.\\nGage, Dr. Lathrop and W. L. Webber were appointed acommittee\\nto draft a petition to the Legislature asking that the State would\\naid and protect the salt industry ofthe Valley. The labors of the\\ncommittee were crowned with success. Not only was the bill of\\nappropriation for Grand river cast aside, but another, favorable in\\nits every feature, was passed, exempting all property in connection\\nwith -alt works from taxation, and granting a bounty of 10 cents\\nper bushel on all salt manufactured. The terms of this act were", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0413.jp2"}, "414": {"fulltext": "412 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nfavorably received. Shortly after its approval, Feb. 15, 1859, the\\nfirst association of salt manufacturers was formed, under the title,\\nEast Saginaw Salt Manufacturing Co., with a capital of $50,000,\\nof 2,000 shares. The company opened their subscription book\\nMarch 30, 1859, and on April 1 the entire amount was subscribed.\\nThe original stockholders were, Jesse Hoyt, 180 shares; Wm. L.\\nP. Little, W. L. Webber, Geo. A. Lathrop, James L. Ketcham,\\nD. G. Holland, John F. Driggs, A. English, M. B. Hess, W. J.\\nBarton, C. B. Mott, A. C. Potter, Wm. F. Glassby, C. B. Jones,\\nJohn Derby, 120 shares each; Wm. C. Yawkey, Geo. W. Merrill,\\n40 shares each; D. W. C. Gage andO. P. Burt, 20 shares each; C.\\nH. Gage and Perry Joslin, 10 shares each.\\nORGANIZATION OF THE COMPANY.\\nThe articles of association were signed April 16, 1859, and the\\ncompany was organized with Dr. Geo. A. Lathrop, Pres., W. L.\\nP. Little, Treas., and W. L. Webber, Sec. Charles B. Mott,\\nH. C. Potter, J. L. Ketcham, Moses B. Hess. Geo. W. Merrill\\nand W. F. Glassby, with these officers, formed the directory.\\nPREPARATORY LABORS.\\nThis manufacturing company being organized with men and\\nmoney, the next object was a location. There were few if any ob-\\nstacles here. Jesse Hoyt, the owner of the land in the best saline\\ndistrict, made a conditional sale of 10 acres in the northern part of\\nEast Saginaw, the proviso being that if the springs were not\\nfound, the sale would be annulled. Geo. W. Merrill and S. K.\\nKirby were asked to proceed to New York State with a view to in-\\nquire into the working and machinery of the salt factories there.\\nThis mission was well performed, and within the year the begin-\\nning of that which has since continued to diffuse wealth through-\\nout the district, and add importance to the State, was made.\\nTHE FIRST SALT WELL.\\nThe sinking of the first salt well was entered upon in 1859, and\\nin that year the boring reached the saturated sandstone at a depth\\nof 633 feet, which was penetrated 14 feet, and the well rendered a\\ntotal depth of 647. Dr. Lathrop in his journal of this transaction,\\ngives the following statement of formation, with degrees of salt-\\nness as gleaned from the result of a 3f-inch boring:", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0414.jp2"}, "415": {"fulltext": "HI8T0KY OF sM.lXAW COUNTY.\\n413\\nDEPTH.\\nINTERN ENING\\nGeological Formations.\\nTHICKNESS.\\n92\\nAlluvial and Diluvial materials Valine 1.\\n92\\n79\\nBrown Sandstone, with angular grains; Tom. 47\u00c2\u00b0; Sal. 2\u00c2\u00b0.\\n171\\n40\\nshale-, first dark, then light.\\n211\\n23\\nSandstone, or 4 feel of coal (Highly Arenaceous Fire Clay).\\n234\\nShales, below, dark bituminous.\\n246\\n10\\nSandstone, with thin seams of Coal.\\n256\\n38\\nShales Tcm. 50\u00c2\u00b0; Saline 14\u00c2\u00b0; Discharge, 80 gal. per minute.\\n294\\n105\\nWhite Sandstone.\\n399\\n65\\nLimestone, (i beds Sandstone, Arenaceous Limestone,\\nShaly matter.\\n4 ;i\\n3\\nShales.\\n467\\n20\\nSandstone Sal. 26\u00c2\u00b0.\\n29\\nShales.\\n516\\n43\\nShales with intercalated Sandstone, 6 in. to 2 ft. thick;\\nSal. 44\u00c2\u00b0 to 60\u00c2\u00b0.\\n559\\n10\\nFine Sandstone, blue; Sal. 64 o; at 568 feet,Water-lime.\\n569\\n15\\nDark shales.\\n584\\n11\\nFine blue Sandstone, Water-lime, Shales.\\n595\\n3\\nGrayish, coarser Sandstone, with angular grains.\\n598\\n7\\nDark Shale-.\\n605\\n15\\nSandstone, hard, becoming micaceous; at 610 ft., calcareous.\\n620\\n7\\nDark Shales.\\n627\\n6\\nLime Stone, hard, brown.\\n633\\n14\\nFine Sandstone, containing at 647 ft. Brine uearly saturated.\\n647\\n95\\nRed Shales at 742 feet; Sal.82\u00c2\u00ab to 84\\nSUBSEQUENT ENTERPRISES.\\nSubsequently another well was bored to a depth of 806 feet,\\nblocks of kettles added, and the great industry launched forth\\nunder most favorable auspices. This well was bored by Sanford\\nheeler. Dr. Potter personally superintended the manufacture of\\nthe first 4.0(H) barrels of salt at the old East Saginaw Salt Works.\\nJuly 4, I860, the pioneer salt blocks of the East Saginaw Company\\nwere opened for inspection, and they were thronged all day by\\n?eople from the Saginaws and adjacent places. Dennis and Tom\\ntedmond, who have always been identified with the salt interest\\nhere, were engaged as boilers on that day.\\nIn the fall of 1861, 100 kettles formed in two blocks,\\nwere added and shops erected. During the first year, 1860, the\\nproduct of the wells in operation equaled 4.000 barrels, in 1861\\nit reached 125,000 barrels, and with additions in supply and ma-\\nchinery, reached 243,000 barrels in L862, showing an aggregate\\nproduct of 372,000 barrels since June, I860, when the works were\\ncompleted and the boiling of salt entered upon.\\nThe great salt-producing era began, however, in 1863, when\\nthe total product of the factories equaled 466,356 barrels. Dur-\\ning that year Large additions were made to the capital and person-\\nnel of the companies, new machinery was introduced, enterprise\\nand industry agreed upon results, and the saline wealth-giver placed\\nupon a basis far removed from a merely speculative enterprise.\\nThe following tabulated statements, prepared evidently with\\ngreat care and precision, and taken from the approved statistics of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0415.jp2"}, "416": {"fulltext": "414 HISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmen who have placed its manufacturing interests on record, who\\nwatched the growth of the district with solicitude, and who now\\nlook with pride upon the forest of industries which make the Val-\\nley prosperous, must form a most important section of this work.\\nSTATISTICS OF 1865.\\nThe number of salt manufacturers in the Valley in 1865 did not\\nexceed that of the previous year, as the changes in the organiza-\\ntion of the salt companies were comparatively few, and the results\\nof the year s labors so closely approximating to the statement\\ngiven for 1864, it will be merely necessary here to summarize the\\ntable for 1865. The number of companies was 67, blocks 118,\\nkettles 4,210, solar covers 4,949, acres of land 9,475^-, total capital\\ninvested $2,269,500, number barrels of salt produced 529,078.\\nThis manufacuure gave direct employment to 892 men during\\nthe year, together with an indirect employment to woodmen, who\\nprepared 109,368 cords of wood, and to coopers, who received no\\nless than $238,074 for the salt barrels prepared by them for the\\nmanufacturers. The total valuation of salt prepared and left on\\ndock ready for shipping was estimated at $1,190,410.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0416.jp2"}, "417": {"fulltext": "BISTORT OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSALT STATISTICS FOR 1870.\\n415\\nSalt Works and Location.\\n/thru til.,,\\nW. K. Burl Co\\nNew York A: Saginaw Solar Salt Co.\\nMichigan Sail Manufacturing Co.\\nBennett Walker\\ntaeida Salt Lime Co\\ni arroUton.\\nThomas, Baylor Co\\nOrange County Salt Co\\nSaginaw Valley Salt Works\\nihicago Salt Works\\nEmpire Salt Co\\nE. Litchfield\\nT. Jerome A: Co\\nRochester Salt A: Lime Co\\nFlnr, net\\n1 la-kin. .Martin Wheeler\\nEast Saginaw.\\nEast Saginaw Salt Manufacturing Co.\\nM. E. Garrison\\nBuffalo Salt Co\\nE. Hriggs\\ninaw City.\\ni V. Brenner\\nConrad Kill]\\nHeather A Allison\\nBarnard Binder\\nSwift Lockwood\\nA W. Thompson Co\\nGreen Hardin\\nSmith, Sut/inaio.\\nliapin. Barber it Co\\nBumham Still\\nDow, Polhemus Co\\nBundy Youmans\\nS. roimvell Co\\nLust. Bundy oc Co\\nFox Co\\nII. Bischkee\\nRussell Son\\nMedina Salt Co\\nSalina Salt Co\\nJohn P. Lust Co\\nAnn Arbor Salt Lime Co-\\nTittabawasst e.\\nWayne County Salt Co\\nOast\\nAlbany Salt Co\\nGordon, Penny Co\\nNew EnglandSalt Co\\n20,037\\n7,2(10\\n8,380\\n20,500\\n17,786\\n12,000\\n17,000\\n10,330\\n19,771\\n10,70(1\\n17,031\\n11,000\\n24,503\\n30,095\\n43,687\\n5,000\\n17,500\\n5,300\\n9,560\\n9,000\\n2,500\\n28,105\\n10,000\\n6,950\\n14,260\\n13,000\\n8,530\\n6,089\\n9,526\\n4,695\\n5,748\\n14,638\\n6,539\\n9,729\\n14,049\\n3 000\\n792\\n800\\n20\\n3,000\\n1,700\\n300\\n4,000\\n1,150\\n3,000\\n3,300\\n587\\n8,803\\n1,000\\n2,387\\n500\\n900\\n500\\n150\\n6,400\\n800\\n392\\n1,500\\n4,000\\n1,850\\n4,000\\n750\\n27,000\\n1,800\\n750\\no\\no\\nw\\na\\no\\n120\\n50\\n180\\n120\\n180\\n116\\n236\\n60\\n312\\n300\\n60\\n52\\n52\\n116\\n58\\n58\\n58\\n50\\n50\\n50\\n58\\n116\\niie\\n120\\np\\nw\\nE\\n85\\n16\\n.14\\n20\\n14\\n10\\n20\\n13\\n20\\n12\\n28\\n9\\n24\\n30\\n55\\n2\\n8\\n10\\n11\\n10\\n2\\n15\\n9\\nrl\\n12\\n8\\n17\\n7\\nis\\n6\\n17\\n13\\n40, COO\\n100,000\\n100,000\\n70,000\\n40,000\\n20,000\\n100,000\\n48,000\\n25,000\\n80,000\\n28,000\\n20,000\\n45,000\\n60,000\\n140,000\\n20,000\\n35,000\\n20,000\\n25,000\\n12,000\\n25,000\\n50,000\\n10,000\\n11,000\\n25,000\\n27,000\\n10,000\\n25.000\\n13,000\\n10,000\\n4,000\\n10,000\\n5,000\\n10,000\\n12,000\\n20,000\\n11,000\\n20,000\\n20,000\\n75,000\\n30,000\\n50,00^\\n25", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0417.jp2"}, "418": {"fulltext": "-\u00c2\u00b116 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSALT STATISTICS OF SAGINAW COUNTY FOR 1877- 78.\\nJ. H. Pearson Son\\nA. W. Wright Co\\nSwift Lockwood\\nBarnard Binder\\nSaginaw Barrel Co\\nGeo. F. Williams Bro\\nGeo. Kull Bro\\nC. T. Brenner\\nMartindale Bros.\\nH. Beschkee\\nD. Hardin Co\\nStevens Bros\\nSturtevant, Green Co\\nShimmon Bros\\nWylie Bros\\nT. Cook Co\\nCook Davis\\nRust, Eaton Co\\nBundy Yournans\\nH. B. Allen\\nH.P.Lyon Co\\nTittering Co\\nW. B. Mershon\\nRobert Conner\\nDe Graum, Ayraer Co\\nT. Jerome Co\\nBooth Hickey\\nJames Riley\\nShaw Williams\\nEast Saginaw Salt Manufacturing Co.\\nIsaac Barringer\\nJ. F. Driggs Sons\\nSanborn Bliss\\nA. T. Bliss Bro\\nE.F.Gould\\nEaton, Potter Co\\nGeo. H. Rust Co\\nJlenaington Co\\nBurnham Still\\nNelson Holland\\nA. P. Brewer\\nC. E Ten Eyck\\nP. A. O Donnell\\nThompson Camp\\nWarner Eastman\\nGeo. E. Turner Sons\\nW. R.Burt Co\\nTotal.\\nJJ e* F-J\\nC6 g\\n8,957\\n34,338\\n28,310\\n21,958\\n27,004\\n14,595\\n3,088\\n3,381\\n691\\n11,087\\n33,114\\n11,925\\n3,263\\n25,639\\n4,994\\n10,493\\n17,542\\n5,187\\n3,722\\n5,060\\n18,780\\n7,054\\n23,576\\n39,318\\n17,648\\n11,448\\n57,467\\n21,449\\n5,754\\n20,157\\n14,787\\n6,150\\n27,169\\n18,203\\n17,212\\n9,698\\n20,056\\n64,412\\n674,641\\nsS\\n28,993\\n34,365\\n23,282\\n34.254\\n6,593\\n25,444\\n3,236\\n2,494\\n2,738\\n7,098\\n7,199\\n32,814\\n647\\n22,387\\n4,470\\n22,819\\n4,191\\n23,386\\n4,021\\n14,313\\n21,983\\n4,189\\n25,642\\n17,138\\n9,743\\n17,256\\n27,847\\n63,297\\n16,755\\n9,678\\n38,043\\n21,259\\n11,207\\n24,973\\n28,000\\n17,549\\n310\\n15,365\\n22,561\\n12,640\\n51,908\\n762,091", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0418.jp2"}, "419": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY,\\n417\\nDuring the year 1880 the total number of barrels of salt in-\\nspected for the Saginaw county manufacturers was 1,138,695, pro-\\nduced as follows:\\nManufactured by\\nw. O Donnell\\nSample Camp\\nWarner Eastman\\n0. i: TenEyck\\nShaw Williams\\nRiley\\nAl.-\\\\. Swil t\\nBturtevant, PlummerA Co.\\nMmw Delano\\nA W Wri-lit Co\\nBrand Hardin\\nSanborn A: Bliss\\nJames Perrin\\nSaginaw Barrel\\nWylie Bros\\nA. T. Bliss Bro\\nDriggs Sons Morey\\nE, Bubbell\\nI M Williams\\n1. Barringer\\nPearson Son\\nDe Sraw, Aymer Co\\nBaton, Potter Co\\nW. B. Mersbon\\nRust, Baton Co\\nN. A. Barnard Co\\nV A. Barnard\\nD. Whitney Co\\nTurner Sun\\nNason Allen\\nChas. Merrill Co\\nStevens Bros\\nF. B schkee\\nNelson I [olland\\nFanner Son-\\nBurnham Still\\nCamp Stillman\\nI). Hardin Co\\nBros\\nJ.F. I). W Rus1 Co..\\nRemington Co\\n.1 1 Kiicliam Co\\n.M. Mw.Ml\\nMartindale Bios\\nKniffen Bros\\nlook 4 I [oward\\nE. F Gould\\nT. Jerome Co\\nT Cook Co\\nAlderton Bro\\nWood Reynolds\\nHoy!\\nHamilton McClure.\\nFine.\\nPackers.\\n6,207\\n18,239\\n27,898\\n23,029\\n17,021\\n13,061\\n36,137\\n2,092\\n6,5 1 1\\n38 175\\n6,812\\n22,932\\n8,400\\n1,000\\n1,111\\n78,003\\n14,695\\n1,450\\n4,286\\n16,812\\n20,549\\n20,453\\n58,687\\n64,072\\n11,719\\n26,226\\n11,609\\n1,598\\n39,118\\n11,134\\n11,114\\n8,795\\n30,445\\n40,280\\n25,012\\n420\\n14,388\\n9,341\\n3,581\\n3,626\\n19,891\\n29,908\\n2,399\\n1,628\\n25,101\\n9,700\\n50,541\\n138\\n9G1\\n305\\n466\\n61\\n156\\n272\\n46\\n278\\n28\\n65\\n10\\n481\\n690\\n7st;\\n187\\nBalk.\\n2,400\\n4,311\\n13,200\\n28,000\\n2,000\\n466\\n7,634\\n29,680\\n25,800\\n7,900\\n24,800\\n7,703\\n1,000\\n1,162\\n450\\n5,800\\n3,385\\nSolar.\\n1,031\\n8,560\\n9,446\\n2d Qua).\\n580\\n12\\n1,184\\n214\\n371\\n535\\n21\\n402\\n429\\n245\\n1,200\\n188\\n2,021\\n520\\n93\\n265\\n482\\n13\\n183\\n101\\n258\\n904\\n679\\n871\\n34\\n163\\n754\\n1,041\\n126\\n145\\n395\\n48\\n472\\n467\\n1,205\\n127\\n100\\nTotal No.\\nBarrels.\\n660\\n6,787\\n18,251\\n29,082\\n23 029\\n1 7,-!T:!\\n13,432\\n36,672\\n32,113\\n9,336\\n43,215\\n6,812\\n24,138\\n8,400\\n15,400\\n29,604\\n80,490\\n17,215\\n1,543\\n5,012\\n17,450\\n28,196\\n29. 08(1\\n25,800\\n8,083\\n24,800\\n20.826\\n58,982\\n65 254\\n12,420\\n8,574\\n27,226\\n11,643\\n4,761\\n39,872\\n1,227\\n12,635\\n11,114\\n8,921\\n34,590\\n41,150\\n30,800\\n420\\n15,550\\n9,883\\n3,581\\n3.020\\n2(1.077\\n34,498\\n2,520\\n1,628\\n26,232\\n17,200\\n60,834", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0419.jp2"}, "420": {"fulltext": "418 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nPRODUCTION DURING THE HISTORY OF SALT MANUFACTURE IN THE\\nSTATE.\\nThe salt manufacture in this State commenced in 1860, and\\nthe inspection law was not enacted until 1869. Previous to\\nthe inspection law the annual product was as follows: 1860,\\n4,000 barrels; 1861, 125,000; 1S62, 243,000; 1863, 466,356; 1864,\\n529,073; 1865, 477,200; 1866,407,077; 1867,474,721; 1868, 555,-\\n690. The product since 1869, at which the inspection law took\\neffect, is as follows: 1869, 560,818 barrels; 1870, 621,350; 1871,\\n728,175; 1872,724,481; 1873,823,346; 1874, 1,028,979; 1875,1,-\\n081,865; 1876, 1,462,729; 1877, 1,960,997; 1878, 1,855,881; 1879,\\n2,058,040; 1880,2,676,588.\\nThe average price obtained for the Saginaw product during a\\nseries of vears shows as follows: average price per barrel 1866,\\n$1.80; 1867, $1.77; 1868, $1.85; 1869, $1.58; 1870, $1.32; 1871,\\n$1.46; 1872, $1.46; 1873, $1.37; 1874, $1.19; 1875, $1.10; 1876,\\n$1.05; 1877, 85 cts. 1878, 85 eta.; 1879, $1.02; 1880, 75 cts.\\nIMPROVEMENTS.\\nThe numerous and extensive improvements effected in buildings\\nand machinery, during 1880- l are, beyond precedent, all tending\\nto show that as years pass by the salt interest grows in importance\\nand extent. There are few industries in the United States of com-\\nparative growth that can compete with that of the development and\\nmagnitude of the Michigan salt interest, and as has been stated,\\nnothing in the line of legitimate resources could have been more\\nfortunate for the Saginaw Valley than the discovery of the under-\\nlying saline deposits, and their practical development. No in-\\ndustry could by any possibility have worked more in harmony with\\nother leading industries of this section of the State. Continued ex-\\nperience and present realization have demonstrated beyond the\\nquestion of argument the wisdom, foresight, and business sagacity\\nof those who inaugurated an industry which has added largely to\\nthe importance and wealth ot \\\\the Peninsula.\\nSALT WELLS OF THE VALLEY.\\nThe salt wells of the State form one of its great wealth-givers.\\nThis industry of 20 summers is only in its infancy. The rich brines\\nwhich permeate the sandstone will flow on until that period when\\nthe stone itself may change, when the economy of nature may con-\\nvert it into veritable rock salt. We extract the folio wingf paragraphs\\nfrom a paper, prepared by Dr. S. S. Garrigues, on the geological\\nformations of the Yalley, the boring of salt wells, and the process\\nof salt manufacture:\\nPORT AUSTIN, HURON COUNTY.\\nThe first well that we have good record from is the Port Austin.\\nThis well stands in the upper part of the Waverly group, being the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0420.jp2"}, "421": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY 419\\nB ndstones of the Point aux Barques, the first 275 feet of the well\\nbeing in a mixture of Bandy shales; succeeding this we have a\\nseries of blue and red shales continuing to near 1,100 feet. At this\\npoint a very white md porous sand rock was struck, there being\\nabout LOO feet. This sand rock contains an abundant supply of\\nbrine, and has since been improved by cleaning and scraping the\\nwell. The capacity of the well is over 20 gallons to the minute,\\nfilling a cistern 30x30 in 16 to 17 hours. The brine shows 92 de-\\ngrees by salinometer. The offset is down 600 feet, and the pump-\\ning chamber just below. The well has an overflow of fresh water.\\nAH [LLE, HURON COUNTY.\\nThe first salt well putdown in this locality was for Frank Craw-\\nford. This well starts at the top of the carboniferous limestones\\nwhich outcrop near Wild Fowl Bay. From here it passes through\\nthe same formation as found on the Saginaw river, until a sand\\nrock containing strong brine is struck at 850 feet. There was\\nnear LOO feet of this formation, being mixed with sandy shales.\\nThe well was pumped at this depth for some time, nearly a year,\\nbut not being satisfied with the supply of brine, Mr. Crawford\\ndetermined to put down another well, and this time he proposed\\ndeeper and see what he could find. Accordingly another\\nwell was staited. After passing through the above mentioned\\nformations acontinued series of blue -hales, followed by red and\\nbrown shales, was found, which continued until a sand rock was\\nstruck al the depth of 1,650 feet. Of this there was 100 to 120\\nfeet, making the entire depth of the well from 1,760 to 1,770 feet.\\nAmi now at this place I would like to correct an impression or re-\\nport that has gone out, the rock salt was found in this sandstone\\nformation, [t was so given out at the time the well was bored,\\nbut subsequent borings and closer operations have disproved this\\nstatement, In this sand rock a strong brine was found, and an\\nattempt made to pump from it alone, but the supply not being\\nmuch greater, the tube was raised and the brine from the two\\n-and rocks was pumped together, giving a supply for about 125\\nbarrels of sail each day, it being calculated that the lower rock\\na Bupply equal to about 75barrels. All the other wells of this\\nlocality have been put down to this lower sand rock, but no rock\\nsalt ha- been found.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2At Bay Port, L0 milesfrom Oaseville, a well has been putdown\\nto the same depth as the Caseville well, but as it has not been\\nput in operation I cannot report the capacity of the well. This\\nfinishes the history of the salt wells on the south side of the Sag-\\ninaw Bay that have any bearing on the prospect of finding salt\\nbrine in the lower -and rock of the AVaverly group. Let us now\\ncross over the Saginaw Bay and examine the record of salt\\nWell- there.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0421.jp2"}, "422": {"fulltext": "420 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nEAST TAWAS, IOSCO COUNTY.\\n5\\nThe first well put down at this locality was for Grant Son.\\nThis well starts in the same geological horizon as the Port Aus-\\ntin well, being just at the bottom of the gypsum formation, with\\noutcrops at Alabaster, and in the sandstone formation of the upper\\npart of the Wave rly group, and which, at EastTawas, is com-\\nposed of sand plains. After passing through the sand formation,\\nthe borings show a succession of blue and red shales mixed with\\nsand until the sand rock is struck at a depth of 800 feet. Over\\n100 feet of this sand rock was found, yielding an abundant supply\\nof brine of 85 degrees by the salinometer. The capacity of the\\nwell seemed unlimited.\\nA second well was put down at East Tawas by the East Tawas\\nMill Company. This well, being only a short distance from the\\nother well, passes through the same formations. It had about\\n100 feet of sand rock, passing from this formation to the black\\nshales of Ohio, which as before mentioned underlaid the Waverly\\ngroup and outcrop at Thunder Bay. This well also gives a very\\nabundant supply of brine, actual running capacity of the well near\\n200 barrels of salt a day. Salinometer stands at 85 degrees.\\nAnalysis shows great similarity to the Port Austin and Case-\\nville brine.\\nAU SABLE.\\nWe now pass out of the Tawas Bay to Au Sable, where two\\nwells have been put down during the last year. The first well\\nwas put down by Smith, Kelley Dwight. This well commences\\nin the sand formation similar to East Tawas, from which it is dis-\\ntant about 13 miles. After leaving this there is blue shale mixed\\nwith sand, followed by the red shales and some black shale until\\nthe sandstone rock was struck at 960 feet, of which there were\\n80 feet. The supply of brine in this well is sufficient to make 70\\nbarrels of salt per day. Brine shows salinometer strength of\\n02 degrees.\\nLoud, Gay Co. have also put down one well, and are now put-\\nting down another. The borings were as above described, but\\nthey were not so fortunate as their neighbors, and had only 60 feet\\nof continuous sand rock, when passing into shales followed by 10\\nor 12 feet more sand rock. The entire depth of the well is 1,160\\nfeet. The supply of brine is even less than the other well, being\\nabout 65 barrels of salt a day.\\nSince the record of these wells was given, four wells have been\\nbored at Midland, Midland county, within a few miles of the\\noriginal well described at the beginning of this report. These bor-\\nings struck, at a depth of 1,200 feet, the same sand rock, contain-\\ning brine, which in the Saginaw Valley was found at a depth of\\n900 feet. The boring penetrated the sand rock about 100 feet,\\nmaking the well in all 1,300 feet in depth. The strength of brine,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0422.jp2"}, "423": {"fulltext": "history OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 421\\nas shown by the salinometer, was 115 degrees, but loaded with\\nBorne impurities which made the manufacture of a good commer-\\ncial article one of great care\\n|\\\\iore recently a boring has been made at Manistee with results\\nwhich indicate the touching of the same salt rock which has been\\nfound at Goderich, Canada. The well, however, is still incom-\\nplete, and it is too early to speak more definitely.\\nWELL-BORING MACHINERY.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2The proper location having been selected for the salt well, a\\ndrill house, Id by 30 feet, with a tower, is erected. This is large\\nenough for a boiler, small portable engine, and a forge for repair-\\ning tools and keeping the drill sharp. The tower or derrick has\\n;i height of 50 feet, or is high enough to draw out the drilling\\npoles. The tool with which the boring or drilling is done is a\\ndrill, three feet long, shaped at one end like a chisel, and made of\\nthe best quality of steel. The drill is screwed into the sinker,\\nwhich is a round iron bar 40 feet long and three inches in diameter,\\nand weighing about 2,000 pounds. Attached to the sinkers by\\nBtrong screws are the jars; these are about seven feet long and\\nmade of good iron. The jars are two slotted links, moving up\\nand down within each other, and are intended to increase the force\\nof the blow of the drill upon the rock by allowing it to fall with a\\nsudden jerk. The jars are attached by a screw to the drill pole,\\nwhich is, in turn, connected by a swivel to a chain. The chain is\\nfastened to an ordinary walking-beam of wood, driven by an\\nengine of small horse-power. The beam rises and falls continually\\nover the mouth of the well, the chain which suspends the tool\\npassing over the end of the beam being so arranged that it can be\\nlet out a-\u00c2\u00bb the hole deepens, at the same time lifting the tool or\\ndrill and allowing it to drop with measured stroke on the rock,\\nwhich i- thus gradually drilled out. A workman sits at the mouth\\nof the well, having the pole grasped by his hands, and after every\\nstroke the poles are slightly turned so as to turn the drill which is\\nworking on the bottom, thus keeping the well true and circular in\\nshape.\\nWhile the well is in process of boring, the tools are frequently\\nremoved and the sand pump introduced to remove the loose matter\\nfrom the bottom of the well, which i^ done by means of a suction\\nvalve. Flic -and pump removes all the ground rock sand, and\\ntake- up at time- -tones an inch or more in size. In commencing\\nthe well, a strong wooden box eight inches square, made fr 2-\\ninch plank, is driven down into the ground, say from 11 to Hi feet.\\nIn-ide of this an 8-inch iron tube or casing is pu1 down as fast as\\nthe alluvial or drift material overlying the rock formation is broken\\nup by the drill and taken out by the sand pump; this continues\\nuntil the -olid rock is reached.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2At this point considerable care should be taken that the opening\\nInto the rock is perfectly round and well finished by the drill; for", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0423.jp2"}, "424": {"fulltext": "122 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthe casing should be set so firmly in the rock as to prevent any\\nsand or gravel from running in under the tube, and thus getting in\\non top of the drill and endangering its becoming fastened in the\\nwell.\\nThe rock-drilling now commences and continues to the depth to\\nwhich it is proposed to sink the well. After the drilling is done,\\nthe sides of the well are smoothed off with a tool called a reamer.\\nIn most of the salt wells on the Saginaw river an offset is placed\\nin the well at a short distance above the lower sand rock. Below\\nthe offset the size of the well is lessened half an inch in diameter.\\nOn this offset is made the so-called rock-packing, the hole being\\ndrilled beveling so as to receive a tightly-fitting iron collar or\\nfunnel-shaped piece of metal. A tube corresponding to the size of\\nthe upper part of the well is made to rest on this rock-packing as\\nthe offset, and runs to the top of the well; in this way all the weak\\nbrine from the upper rock and any fresh water that may come into\\nthe well above the offset are shut off. Below the offset the tube\\ncontinues in reduced size to the locality of the lower sand rock, at\\nwhich point the pumping chamber containing the pumping valves\\nis placed.\\nIn the early history of salt well borktg in Michigan, the pressure\\nof the brine in the well tube forced it within 100 feet of the surface.\\nMore recently, owing no doubt to the great demand for brine, it\\ndoes not rise so high. It only requires a small amount of power,\\nafter the pumping rods are properly balanced, to lift the brine out\\nof the well into the settling tanks.\\nPUMPING BRINE.\\nOften in starting up a new salt well the brine is weak, that is,\\nshows a small percentage of salt by the salinometer. This arises\\nfrom the fact that a large quantity of fresh water or weak brine\\nfrom the upper format! ins has passed down into the well during\\nthe time the well was opened or being tubed. To test this point,\\nand to bring the brine up to the usual strength of salt brines, the\\npump is put in operation and run for some time. If the brine con-\\ntinues to show an increase of strength on being tested by the\\nsalinometer, the pumping is continued until the strength of brine\\nremains permanent at such a percentage as wells of equal depth in\\nthe same locality have shown. If, however, the brine does not\\nincrease in strength, there are strong probabilities that there is a\\nleakage of fresh water or weak brine into the well at the offset.\\nThis should be remedied at once the more so if the well is a deep\\none, such as most of those in the Saginaw Valley are; for in this\\ncase the offset in the well is below the so-called gypsum formation,\\nand you are drawing in and mixing with your strong brine a weak\\nbrine from these formations which has a higher percentage of\\ngypsum.\\nThis mixing of the two brines in the well and tubing causes a\\nprecipitation or separation of the gypsum upon the pumping rods", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0424.jp2"}, "425": {"fulltext": "IIIstoKV K SAGINAW COUNTY. 423\\nand in the pumping chamber. If this is not stopped, it will\\neventually close up the valves and prevent them from being drawn\\nout of the chamber. More than one instance has been known\\nwhen- parties ha\\\\e suffered much extra expense in not attending\\nto this kind of Leakage.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0080\u00a2A manufacturer, in starting up his well pump, may also find\\nthat he has a short Bupply of brine, and the brine in the well tube\\nruns down a^ soon as the pump is Stopped. In this case he may have\\nstrong suspicions thai bis well tube is defective, or that the joints\\nare Dot put together tightly, causing a leakage. To ascertain\\nwhere this is, the tubing should be lifted out, the lower valve being\\nallowed to remain in. As tubing is being drawn, the pressure of\\nthe column of brine in the tube on the joints or imperfections will\\nslmw where the leakage is. If the tubing is imperfect it should be\\ntaken out and replaced by perfect tubing. When the leakage is at\\nthe joint, a new thread should becut upon it, or the joint should\\nrewed together more tightly.\\nIt is very important that the manufacturer should ever be on the\\nlookout for these leakage-, as they may and do often arise from a\\njarring oi the tubing by running the pump faster than the supply\\nOf brine comes to the pumping-ch amber, causing a vacuum and pro-\\nducing the so-called pounding of a well. The capacity of a well\\nhas been very materially affected by such a leakage, increasing the\\nexpense of pumping from 50 to LOO per cent.\\nThe supply capacity of a well is also very materially increased\\nby the position of the pumping chamber in the well. In the early\\nhistory of salt wells in Michigan, the pumping chamber was gen-\\nerally place* 1 a short distance below the offset. More recent tests\\ngo to prove that the best location for the pumping chamber is at or\\nvery near the point where the largest supply of brine comes into\\nthe well, and that point is the lower portion of the sand rock, or\\nwithin a short distance of the bottom of the well.\\nu In pumping a well it is also important that the weight of the\\npumping rods should be evenly counterbalanced by a weight on the\\nother end of the walking-beam this relieves the engine, the only\\nweight to be lifted bring the brine. The stroke of the piston in the\\npumping chamber should be made as long as possible, and the\\nmotion of the engine should not Be over 32 revolutions to the\\nminute. In this way about the entire supply of brine in the well\\nis obtained without forming a vacuum, thus preventing the pound-\\nin:: of the well and the danger of parting the pumping rods or jar-\\nring the tubing Loose ;it the joints, causing leakage.\\n1 The capacity of salt wells varies in different Localities from 12 to\\n20 gallons per minute the size of the well and porosity of the\\nsand rock having much to do in increasing the amount. A good\\nwell will till a extern 20x30x6 feet in about 20 hours. A salt well\\nin Saginaw City, owned by Pierson, Wright Co., produced\\nenough brine during a manufacturing season of eight months to\\nmake over 26,000 barrels of salt. At East Tawas the wells,\\ninches in diameter, fill a cistern of the above size in about 12\\nhours. At Port Austin the well fills a cistern in 17 hours.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0425.jp2"}, "426": {"fulltext": "424 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTESTING THE STRENGTH OF BRINES BY SALINOMETER.\\nThe following is extracted from Alexander Winchell s report on\\nthe Geology of Michigan, published in 1861. It has been thought\\nadvisable to reprint it at length as a guide to our salt manufactur-\\ners:\\nPure water dissolves, at ordinary temperature, a little over\\none-third its weight of salt, or from thirty-five to thirty-six hun-\\ndredths. The amount varies somewhat with the temperature; and\\nthe results of different experiments are, moreover, not perfectly\\naccordant; but from the most accurate observations, it appears\\nthat 100 parts by weight of pure saturated brine, at temperatures\\nfrom 32\u00c2\u00b0 to 70\u00c2\u00b0Fahr., contain from 26.3 to 26.7 parts of salt.\\nSome earlier determinations, however, gave but 25.7 parts, and\\nupon this figure the table was calculated.\\nThe specific gravity of a saturated brine at 60 Fahr. is 1.205,\\npure water being 1.000. The salinometer employed in many salt\\nworks for fixing the value of brine is an areometer with an arbitrary\\nscale divided into 100 parts. The density of water on this scale is\\nrepresented by and that of saturated brine by 100 Each de-\\ngree of the salinometer, therefore, corresponds very nearly to one-\\nquarter of one per cent, of salt.\\nThe following pages, on analyses, manufacture, etc., are also\\nfrom Dr. Garrigues report.\\nIt must also be borne in mind that brines of the same strength\\npossess different densities, depending upon the temperature, the\\ndensity rapidly diminishing as the temperature rises. It is con-\\nsequently necessary to experiment on brines at a uniform or stand-\\nard temperature. The ordinary standard for hydrometrical opera-\\ntion is 60\u00c2\u00b0 Fahrenheit s thermometer, but the standard tempera-\\nture at the Onondaga salines is 52 that being the natural tem-\\nperature of the brine as it issues from the well.\\nBRINE ANALYSES.\\nThe first practical attempt at salt-well boring in Grand Rapids\\nwas commenced Aug. 12, 1859, and finished Oct. 14, being 257\\nfeet deep. A sample of brine taken at this time was analyzed by\\nProf. Fish, with the following results:\\nSpecific gravity 1.01752 per crnt\\nper cent. Sulphate oi lime 0.18120\\nFixed constituents 2.83885 Chloride of calcium 0.27041\\nCarbonate of iron 0.00145 Chloride of magnesium 07196\\nlime 0.00473 Chloride of potassium 0.01561\\nmagnesia 0.00084 Chloride of sodium (salt) 1.73696\\nFree carbonic acid 0.00603 Loss 0.08841\\nSilicic acid 0.00025\\nAn analysis of brine from the first East Saginaw well, made by\\nProf. Douglass, April 11, 1860, is as follows:\\nSpecific gravity 1.179 Sulphate of lime .116\\nSaline matter, per cent 22.017 Carbonate of iron .105\\nChloride of sodium (salt) 17.912 Chloride of potassium .220\\ncalcium 2.142 Water 77.983\\nmagnesium 1.522\\n100.000", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0426.jp2"}, "427": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 425\\nThe two brines, as the depths of the wells will show, are from\\nthe upper Bait-bearing sand rock, and are quite characteristic of\\nthis formation, as shown by the large percentage of gypsum and\\nlow percentage of chlorides.\\nSwift Lockwood s well, Saginaw City. Depth of well, 860\\nfeet. Brine, 86\u00c2\u00b0 salinometer:\\nSulphate of lime (gypsum) 0.0983\\nChloride of calcium 2.6430\\nmagnesium 1.0685\\nsodium (salt) 17.5103\\nBalinematter 21.3201\\nWater 78.(5799\\n100.0000\\nEast Saginaw Salt Manufacturing Company, East Saginaw.\\nDepth of well, 806 feet. Salinometer, 80\\nSulphate of lime (gypsum) 0.1516\\nihloride of calcium 2.2665\\nmagnesium 0.9629\\nsodium (salt 16.8636\\nSaline matter 20.2446\\nWater 79.7554\\n100.0000\\nThese three specimens of brine, as the depth of the wells will\\nshow, are from the lower salt-bearing sand rock, called the Napo-\\nleon sandstone by Winchell. The analysis shows a decrease in the\\npercentage of gypsum, an increased percentage of the earth chlo-\\nrides, and increased quantity of salt.\\nThese are the representative brines of the Saginaw river, and are\\nthose which are mostly worked for their salt.\\nThe analyses of these brines show a marked increase in the earthy\\nchlorides, and are without doubt from a lower saliferous horizon,\\nlocated in the Devonian strata, and consequently intermediate be-\\ntween the Onondaga formation and the Michigan salt group this\\nsaint formation having been struck at Caseville, Huron county, at\\nthe depth of 1,750 feet, and at Blackinar s mills, 13 miles east of\\nEast Saginaw, at the depth of 1,675 feet. The new wells going\\ndown at )scoda, Mich., are without doubt in this formation also.\\nThe following analyses of Michigan brines, made by H. C. Halm,\\nPh. I)., will show the chemical composition of other brines not in-\\ncluded in the above list\\nOneida Salt Company, Crow Island, Zilwaukee. Specific gravity\\nof brine, L1864:\\nSodic chloride (salt) 19.304 Ferrous carbonate 0.0054\\nCalcic chloride 2.623 chloride 0.0032\\nssic chloride 1.343 Magnesic bromide trace\\nCalcic sulphate (gypsum) 0.080 Carbonic acid\\ncarbonate trace Water 76.269\\nMagnetic carbonate\\n99.6276", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0427.jp2"}, "428": {"fulltext": "426 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAnalj sis of a Saginaw City brine, made by E. M. Vanflint, 0. E.,\\nof Union College. Depth of well, 741 feet. Salinotneter, 90 at\\n56 Fahrenheit:\\nSodic chloride 17.940 Aluminous carbonate 0.022\\nCaleic sulphate 0.119 Bromide of magnesium 0.236\\nchloride 2.591 Iodine, potassium, and lithium trace\\nMagnesic chloride 0.627 Water 78 373\\nFerrous carbonate 0.092\\n100.000\\nRECEPTION AND SETTLING OF BRINE.\\nThe salt manufacturer having satisfied himself in regard to the\\nquantity and quality of the brine supply, must now be prepared\\nwith cisterns to store his brine during the process of settling.\\nThese cisterns, or outside settlers, were formerly built in size 20\\nby 30 feet and six feet deep, having a capacity of 25,000 gallons.\\nMore recently the size of these has been increased to suit the wants\\nof the manufacturer. They are built of sound two or three-inch\\nplank, well and properly keyed together by strong gripes, and are\\nalso calked to prevent leakage. These cisterns are elevated on\\npiling or framed timbers, high enough to allow the settled brine\\nto flow through pipes to the blocks. The connections from the\\ncisterns into the pipes are six inches above the bottom, the flow of\\nthe brine being controlled by gates. The supply pipes from the\\ncisterns are usually made of wooden pump logs having a three-inch\\nbore.\\nThe brine, as shown by the analyses, contains a small percent-\\nage of carbonate of protoxide of iron, held in solution by an excess\\nof carbonic acid. If the brine was boiled down or evaporated\\nwith this iron in, it would give the salt a red color and very ma-\\nterially affect its commercial value.\\nAs soon as the cistern is tilled with brine, preparation should be\\nmade to settle it. A tight box large enough to hold a barrel or\\nmore of water is placed on the top of the cistern. In this a proper\\nquantity of fresh burnt lime is slacked with fresh water, enough\\nbeing afterward added to rill the box so as to make a whitewash r\\nmilk of the lime. This mixture being a caustic lime is freely\\nsprinkled over the brine. The brine is then thoroughly plunged\\nthat is, it is stirred up until the lime is well mixed with the\\nbrine. The caustic mixture of lime having a strong affinity\\nfor the carbonic acid, extracts the same from the brine, thus releas-\\ning the iron which is precipitated with the lime to the bottom of\\nthe cistern as an insoluble peroxide of iron. The brine is then al-\\nlowed to rest for 48 hours, when it is quite clear and ready for the\\nboiling house or block. This process is called settling, 11 and on\\nthe care with which it is conducted depends much of the success\\nin making good salt.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0428.jp2"}, "429": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 4^7\\nEVAPORA1 [ON OF BRINE.\\nEaring made a stock of settled brine, the next process in the\\nmanufacture of sail is the evaporation of the brine and this is ef-\\nfected bv three different methods\\n1. 1!\\\\ the direct application of fire-heat to kettles or pans.\\n2. By the use of steam cither exhaust steam from saw-mills\\nor steam generated by flue boilers built expressly for the pur-\\npose.\\n3. By solar evaporation.\\n1 1, KettiU Blocks. A kettle block for evaporation of brine con-\\nsists of a wooden building 14o feet long by 45 to 50 feet wide,\\nwith an elevation of 18 feet, so arranged as to admit of the steam\\npassing out of the ventilators. In this building are set from 50 to\\n60 kettles, having each a capacity of 100 to 12 gallons. The ket-\\ntles arc set in two rows over arches running from the mouth or\\nfurnace to the chimney. These are called arches. These\\nanhes run close together, with a dividing wall between them; the\\nkettles are set close together in a row, resting on the dividingwall\\non the one Bide and on the outside wall on the other.\\nThe fire arch, or furnace, at the front is three feet from the bot-\\ntom f the kettles from here the bottom of the arch gradually\\nso that under the hack kettles the space is only 10 to 12\\ninches. Here the flue passes into the chimney, which is about 40\\nto 50 feet high. Between the arches and the salt bins, which are\\nunder the same building, is the sidewalk. On this sidewalk the\\nsalt boiler operates in drawing the salt from the kettles into the\\ndraining baskets, which, when it is sufficiently drained, are wheeled\\noff to the salt bins on tins sidewalk or platform. The bins, which\\nrun the entire length of the block, are divided off in sections, and\\nare made with open floors for the proper drainage of the salt.\\nThrough the center of the block, just on top of the middle wall,\\ntwo Bets of pump logs, or pipes are laid one for fresh water and\\none for the settled brine, each of them being supplied with faucets\\nf r each kettle. The kettles, after being well cleansed, are filled\\nwith brine, and boiling soon commences after the tire is under\\ngood headway. A scum rises to the surface, which is taken off\\nwith a skimmer.\\n)f late years, owing to the dry and light material used for fuel\\n(being the refuse slabs from saw-mills), the first 10 or 15 kettles\\nin the arch are protected from the excessive heat by patent arches\\nwhich are built over the fire tiue and directly under the bottom of\\nthe kettle. By this arrangement, and a narrowing of the Hue, the\\nheat is distributed more evenly through the entire arch and the\\nkettle- boil more regularly.\\nSoon after the? brine commences to boil the crystals of salt com-\\nmence to form on the top and then fall to the bottom. When the\\nbrine i boiled down to about one-third the salt is dipped out with\\na Ladle and thrown into a basket, which is placed over one side of\\nthe kettle. The salt is allowed to remain in the basket for two or", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0429.jp2"}, "430": {"fulltext": "428 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthree hours, the bitter water containing the earthy chlorides being\\nthus drained off. Thorough drainage is considered an important\\npoint in this mode of manufacture. The balance of the brine or\\nbitter water remaining in the kettle is now bailed out and thrown\\ninto the drainage trough. The kettle is then rinsed out with fresh\\nwater and again filled up with brine.\\nThe difference of the time in which the front and the back ket-\\ntles boil down varies from four hours in the front to 12 hours\\nin the back. The kettle blocks are generally run day and night\\nby four men, two boilers and two firemen, taking turns of 12\\nhours each. The average product of a good kettle block is 75 bar-\\nrels of salt per day of 24 hours.\\nThis process is rapidly becoming superseded by the more eco-\\nnomical one of pan and steam blocks.\\nIn Pan Blocks. Pan blocks are buildings of various dimensions,\\nbuilt to accommodate the size of the pan, settlers and salt bins.\\nThe pans are made of quarter-inch boiler-plate iron. They vary\\nfrom 90 to 120 feet in length, being divided into sections of 30 or\\n40 feet, are 12 to 15 feet wide, and from 10 to 12 inches deep.\\nWith some the sides are straight, the salt being raked to the side,\\nlifted out with a shovel and thrown on the draining boards. In\\nothers the sides are flanged, and the salt is raked directly on to the\\ndraining boards. Pans of the above size rest on three walls as in\\nkettle blocks, the arches running directly under the pan to the\\nchimney at the end. As the firing of these blocks is done mostly\\nwith slabs or light fuel, the first 30 or 40 feet are also protected\\nby patent arches thrown across the flues, thus dividing the heat\\nmore generally throughout the block. The brine boils very rapidly\\nin these blocks, and as the salt makes fast it requires much care\\nand attention on the part of the workmen to keep the salt from\\nbaking on the bottom of the pan; this is prevented by raking out\\nthe salt almost as fast as it makes.\\nImprovements in heating pan blocks have been made of late\\nyears in those localities where the price of fuel is a consideration.\\nA pan block of an improved plan for boiling the brine has been\\nerected by Ay res Co., of Port Austin, Huron county. The\\nblock is 120 feet long, 43 feet wide, outside posts 10 feet high and\\ncenter post 18 feet high almost too high to carry off the steam in\\nwinter. The length was also calculated for four pans. Three pans\\nonly were put on, being each 30 feet long and 16 feet wide on bot-\\ntom, sides flanging and bolted to the draining boards. The\\npans rest on seven walls, r which are so arranged that they make two\\nfire flues in the center and two return fines on the sides. The cen-\\nter and outside walls run the entire length and width of the pan.\\nAll the walls are a foot wide at the top. The two fire flues which\\nare under the middle of the pan on both sides of the center wall\\nare 2^ feet wide. Height of grate to pan, 3^ feet. The return flues\\nare next to the outside walls, under the sides of the pan, and are\\ntwo feet wide. This gives a heating surface of 180 feet in length", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0430.jp2"}, "431": {"fulltext": "II I -TORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 429\\non both sides of the middle wall. The outside flues run into the\\nchimney, which is placed at one side of the front of the block\u00e2\u0080\u0094-\\nthe Bpace under the pan being reduced to one foot.\\nThe advantage of this arrangement of the flues is that as the\\nbrine boils freely over the lire line tlfe salt, as it makes, is thrown\\nto the cool side of the pan, and therefore is not so liable to bake to\\nthe bottom before it is raked out. Another advantage is in the\\neconomy of the heating surface, the entire amount being well used\\nup before it gets to the chimney. This is shown in the amount of\\nsalt made, Avers Co. reporting the making of 140 barrels of salt\\nwith 13 cords of hemlock wood in a day of 24 hours.\\nThe brine for pan blocks is settled cold in the outside cisterns,\\nand in most instances is brought to a saturation by the inside steam\\nsettlers. The salt, as it makes in the pan, is drawn out by rakes\\nupon the draining board, where it remains for a time, when it is\\nshoveled into barrows and taken to the store bins for further\\ndrainage. It is very desirable that the draining boards should be\\n60 arranged in pan blocks that the workmen should not be com-\\npelled to walk over them in the operation of drawing or wheeling\\noff the salt.\\nBy Steam. The evaporation of salt brine by the steam process\\nis now producing the largest portion of salt made in Michigan. \\\\Ve\\ntake for the purpose of better describing the process a steam salt\\nblock which is 150 feet long, 122 feet wide, and has an elevation of\\n52 feet to the top of the ventilator. Height of ventilator, 16 feet.\\nIncluded, therefore, in the above space are the inside settlers, grain-\\nera, salt bins, and packing room:\\nThe inside steam settlers are 150 feet long, 11 feet wide, and 6\\nfeet deep, made of four-inch plank, well keyed together and tightly\\ncalked. This block is supplied with seven grainers, 150 feet long,\\n11 feet wide and 16 inches deep. Over each grainer are the drain-\\ning boards running the entire length. Passing throu\u00c2\u00ab-h each\\nsettler and grainer, and near the bottom, are four-inch galvanized\\ntnbing, four or five in number, depending on the size of the grainer,\\nthrough which exhaust or live steam is forced. In the steam as in\\nthe kettle process, the brine is first pumped into the outside\\nsettlers, where it is partially settled. It is then drawn into the\\ninside steam settlers, where it is heated up by the steam pipes and\\nbrought to saturation that is, a point just preceding the\\nformation of salt crystals. It is allowed to remain until all sediment\\nof iron has fallen to the bottom, by which time it becomes clear as\\ncrystal. The brine is now ready to be drawn into the grainers,\\nwhich are filled to about two-thirds their capacity, or nearly full.\\nAs the settled brine comes into the grainers quite warm and fully\\nsaturated it soon commences to make salt, which forms on the\\nsurface of the brine and then falls to the bottom of the grainers,\\nwhen a new lot of crystals are formed to fall in the same wav. The\\nbrine is also occasionally stirred so as to make the crystals fine.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0431.jp2"}, "432": {"fulltext": "430 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThus the evaporation continues for 24 hours, the temperature\\nbeing kept at from 170\u00c2\u00b0 to 175 of Fahrenheit. The brine being\\nsufficiently evaporated by this time, the workmen commence the\\nlifting. This is done by first washiug the salt in the brine that\\nis left in the grainers and then taking it out with shovels and\\nthrowing it on the draining boards, where it remains a number of\\nhours for drainage. A large lift or draw fills the boards\\nwith salt, and it is a beautiful sight to see the salt as it conies white\\nand sparkling from the brine. The salt should remain on the\\ndraining boards to drain thoroughly 24 hours, if possible, before\\no-oino-to the bins. It lies in the bins two weeks to complete the\\ndrainage, when it is ready for inspection and barreling for ship-\\nment.\\nSOLAR EVAPORATION OF BRINE.\\nThe first preparation for solar evaporation is to have a series of\\ncovers or wooden vats. The covers are rectangular in shape, being\\n16 by 18 and from 6 to 8 inches deep. They are raised on wooden\\nsupports two to three feet from the ground, and are arranged in sets\\nor strings. Each cover has a movable roof, which can be run on or\\noff to protector expose the brine, according to the weather. At\\nthe end of the string of graining covers, somewhat higher and\\ndeeper, are the strings of settling covers into which the brine is\\nled from the store reservoirs or cisterns. No lime is used in\\nsettling the brine in this process; for in these deep rooms the brine\\nabsorbs a portion of oxygen from the air, by which means the\\ncarbonate of iron which is dissolved in the recent brine is converted\\ninto an insoluble peroxide of iron. In Syracuse a second series of\\ncovers is used to get rid ot the gypsum which separates or is\\ndeposited in the form of a crystal. As the quantity of gypsum is\\nvery small in the Saginaw brines these rooms are now dispensed\\nwith.\\nAs soon as there is a show of salt crystals, the first stage of the\\nprocess is accomplished, and the saturated brine known as salt\\npickle is ready for the last stage. It is then drawn into the salt\\nroom or draining vats, in which the salt soon commences to crystal-\\nlize on the bottom of the covers.\\nOne of the conditions required for a good, large-grained solar\\nsalt, which is most esteemed in the market, is that the bottom of\\nthe covers in the salt room should be as smooth as possible, rough\\nsurfaces favoring the deposition of numerous small crystals. It is\\nalso necessary to have the salt covers supplied with a sufficient\\nsupply of good pickle, so that the salt already deposited may always\\nbe covered. An exposure of the salt uncovered to the air favors\\nthe formation of new small crystals, and the addition of an unfin-\\nished or not sufficiently concentrated pickle produces the same\\neffect. It is also important that the waste or exhausted pickle from\\nwhich the greater part of the salt has crystallized should be dis-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0432.jp2"}, "433": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0433.jp2"}, "434": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0434.jp2"}, "435": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 433\\ncharged from time to time, as its presence not only impairs the\\nquality but diminishes the quantity of the salt deposited. 7\\nThe time required for the evaporation of sufficient pickle to make\\na crop depends largely upon the weather, dryand clear weather\\nbeing, of course, most favorable; six weeks or two months is the\\nusual rime. Three cropsofsall a season are gathered the firsl\\nabout the middle of July, the second in the early part of Septem-\\nber, and the third at the end of October. The second crop is gen-\\nerally the best, as it is coarser than the others.\\nThe crop of solar salt is gathered by first loosening it from\\nthe bottom of the covers with arake or spud. It is then washed\\nin the pickle that is still left in the covers and gathered to\\nthe street gunwale. Here it is shoveled into draining tubs, to re-\\nmain a short time before being emptied into the salt carts for\\nremoval to the salt bins tor further drainage.\\nThe legal time. 14 days, required for drainage, having passed,\\nthe bins are opened and. the sail is packed in barrels holding five\\nbushel-, or l sii pound- -each barrel being branded with the name\\nof the firm or person manufacturing the same.\\nGRADES A.\\\\D QUALITY OF MICHIGAN SALT.\\nThe grades of salt established by the State Inspector are as fol-\\nlow-:\\nNo I Salt .\u00e2\u0080\u0094Fira \u00e2\u0080\u0094In barrels of 280 lbs., for general and for all\\nfamily purposes; Packers, In barrels of 280 lbs., suitable for pack-\\ning and bulking meat and fish, one of the finest and best brands of\\n-alt for such purposes in the market; Solar In barrels of 280 lbs.,\\nwhen screened, branded Solar C tor coarse, and F Solar F for\\nfine grades. The solar salt is equal in all respects to New York\\nr salt.\\nNo. Salt: Second Quality All salt intended for No. 1 of any\\nof the above grades, when for any other cause it is condemned by\\nthe inspector, is branded second quality and sold as such. This\\nsalt is good for salting stock, hay. hides, etc.\\nDairy Salt. There has been a great want of a good quality of\\nthis kind o\\\\ salt so as to complete the list of Michigan salts now\\nin the market. Several attempts have been made to start its manu-\\nfacture, but none have been successful, owing in a great part to the\\nwant of care in making an article of sufficient purity. The Michi-\\ngan Dairy Salt Company, located at East Saginaw, was organized\\nfor washing, purityiug and grinding the salt, with a capacity of 200\\nbarrels daily, and is now in successful operation, turning out a\\nsuperior quality of dairy salt, as the following analysis will show:\\nSulphate of lime, chloride of calcium, .08; chloride of mag-\\nnesia, .19; chloride of sodium, 99.03; moisture, .23. We can hardly\\nrealize the importance of the manfuacture of this grade of salt,\\nputting, as it does, the farmer in possession of, at a cheap rate, a\\nquality of salt for dairy purposes that cannot be excelled.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0435.jp2"}, "436": {"fulltext": "434 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAgricultural Salt. The use of salt for fertilizing purposes is\\nno longer an experiment, but has been fully proven, not only\\nscientifically and theoretically, but practically, by scores of our\\nmost successful agriculturists throughout the country. The Michi-\\ngan manufacturers are now manufacturing a salt for fertilizing pur-\\nposes that is peculiarly adapted to the use for which it is designed.\\nIt is entirely free from dirt or hard lumps, and is made by a process\\nwhich leaves incorporated in the salt all the valuable plant food, as\\nwell as ingredients calculated to free and render soluble the\\nammonia already contained in the soil. There has been a good\\ndemand for this salt, chiefly second quality and refuse, during the\\npast season, and the association has shipped large quantities, with\\nexcellent results, so far as learned. Agricultural salt sells in this\\nmarket at $3.50 per ton.\\nThe demand for agricultural salt is assuming extraordinary\\nproportions. A sale of 1,200 tons of this commodity was made\\nrecently to a Minnesota party, and orders are daily received for car\\nlots. One day the association received orders for 14 cars of\\nagricultural salt, nine for Minnesota, one for Dakota, two for Wis-\\nconsin, and two for Michigan. The value of salt as a fertilizer is\\nbecoming widely recognized, and the increasing demand will fur-\\nnish a tieid for the disposition of the surplus production of the\\nMichigan manufacturers beyond their most sanguine expectations.\\nAnalysis of this salt has been made to determine its value as a\\nmanure. It is so rusty that no one would dream of using it on his\\ntable, and if it were used to salt beef or lish the results would be\\ndisastrous, yet its value for manure may been seen from the results\\nof analysis: Common salt, 87.74; chloride of potassium, 2.49;\\nsulphate of lime, 1.68; carbonates of lime and magnesia, .75; oxid\\nof iron, .87; water, 6.38; Total of parts, 99.91.\\nSalt that contains 2^ per cent of chloride of potassium in place\\nof the same amount of chloride of sodium, is worth $1 a ton more\\nfor mauure than pure salt.\\nANALYSIS OF SALT.\\nExperience proves that the best quality of salt can be made\\nfrom Michigan brines, and that a great preponderance of the salt\\nsold in the market has been found as pure and as efficient an anti-\\nseptic as any mined or manufactured elsewhere, either in our own\\nor foreign countries.\\nThe following are the -analyses of the various grades of Michigan\\nsalt:\\nKettle salt made by the East Saginaw Salt Company, East Sag-\\ninaw, Michigan. Analysis by Dr. C. A. Goesmann: Sulphate of\\nlime, 0.3165; sulphate of calcium, 0.3564; chloride of magne-\\nsium, 0.1408; moisture, 3.3441; chloride of sodium (salt), 95.8422.\\nCarrollton Salt Company, Carrollton, Michigan. Kettle salt.\\nAnalysis by Dr. H. C. Halm: Sulphate of lime, 0.405; chloride", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0436.jp2"}, "437": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 435\\nof calcium, 1.127; chloride pf magnesium, r )17; moisture,\\n3.292; chloride of sodium (salt), 94.669.\\nPan .-air made by Bay City Salt Company, Bay City, Michigan.\\nAnalysis by S. S. Garrigues, Ph. D.: Sulphate of lime, 0.696;\\nchloride of calcium, 0.329; chloride of magnesium, 0.340; mois-\\nture L.346; chlorideof sodium (salt), 97.288.\\nPan alt made by Taylor Co., Milwaukee. Analysis by Dr.\\nII. C Halm: Sulphate of lime, 0.088; chloride of calcium, 0.737;\\nchloride of magnesium, 0.445; chloride of sodium (salt), 98 730.\\nSteam salt made by Buffalo Salt Company, East Saginaw, Mich-\\nigan. Analysis by Dr. II. C. Ilahn: Sulphate of lime, 0.478;\\nchloride of calcium, L.365; chloride of magnesium, 0.694; mois-\\nture, 3. t78; chloride of sodium (salt), 94.366.\\nSteam salt made by New York and Michigan Salt Company, at\\nZilwaukee. Analysis by Dr. II. C. Ilahn: Sulphate of lime,\\n0.363; chloride of calcium. 0.699; chloride of magnesium, 0.313;\\nmoisture, 3.308; chloride of sodium (salt), 95.327.\\nlar salt made by Mast Saginaw Salt Company, East Saginaw.\\nAnalysis by Dr. C. A. Groesmann: Sulphate of lime, 0.3165;\\nchloride of calcium, 0.3564; chloride of magnesium, 0.1408;\\nmoisture, 3.3560; chloride of sodium (salt), 95.8333.\\nSolar salt made by New York and Michigan Salt Company, at\\nZilwaukee. Analysis by Dr. H. C. Ilahn: Sulphate of lime\\n0.173} chloride of calcium, 0.743; chloride of magnesium, 0.417;\\nmoisture, 2.197; chlorideof sodium (salt), 96.470.\\nAnalysis of pan salt from White Rock, Michigan, made by Dr.\\nA. Goesmann: Sulphate of lime, 0.81; chloride of calcium,\\n0.41; Chloride of magnesium. 0.28, water, 1.80; chlorideof\\nBodium, 96.70.\\nAnalysis of Michigan barrel salt, made by James R. Blaney, of\\nShicago:\\nPacker. Com Fine.\\nChloride of sodium pure salt) 96.453 96.779\\ncalcium .152 .449\\nmagnesium .288 .480\\nSulphate of lime (gypsum) .427 .292\\nMoisture 2680 2.000\\n100.000 100.000\\nAverage analysis of common salt, made by Dr. C. A. Goes-\\nmaim, of Syracuse salt: Sulphate of lime, 1.2550; chloride of cal-\\ncium. 0.1550; chloride of magnesium, 0.1369; moisture, 3.0000;\\nchloride of sodium (salt), 95.4531.\\nFUEL.\\nThe fuel used iii kettle blocks is cord wood, mixed soft and hard,\\nrefuse slabs, and sawdust from saw-mills. Mixed wood now costs\\nsi. 25 [\u00c2\u00bber cord, delivered at block. Slabs costs 45 to 50 cents per\\ncord at the mills. A kettle block will consume 10 cords of mixed\\nwood in 24 hours, or 16 cords of slabs in the same time.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0437.jp2"}, "438": {"fulltext": "436 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nBARRELS, MATERIAL AND COST.\\nThe salt barrels of Michigan are now mostly made of pine staves\\nand heading. In some localities elm staves and ash headings are\\nused. Most of the pine staves are made of the refuse lumber from\\nthe saw-mills. The elm stave is mostly made from stave bolts cut\\nfor that purpose. There were manufactured into salt barrels last\\nyear, staves, heading, and hoops as follows: Staves, 53,591,760;\\nheading, 16,077,528; hoops, 26,795,888.\\nThe barrels are mostly made by hand in cooper shops connected\\nwith salt blocks. The average cost of salt barrels is from 20 to 22\\ncents.\\nCOOPERAGE.\\nAll staves must be of such length that when the barrel is finished\\nit shall not be less than 30-J- inches or more than 31\u00c2\u00a3 inches long.\\nSoft-wood staves, whether rove or cut, to be half an inch thick.\\nHard-wood staves 7-16 of an inch thick after seasoning. Staves\\nnot more than four inches wide, of sound timber, and properly\\npointed. Heading must be f of an inch thick, of good, sound\\nlumber, free from holes or unsound knots, smooth for branding.\\nNo basswood will be allowed for either staves or heading. Hoops\\nto be one inch wide and quarter of an inch thick, 10 to each barrel,\\nshaved and well set. Barrels for fine salt must have heads 17^\\ninches in diameter. Chime to be one inch from point of croze.\\nBilge from 21 to 21^ inches in diameter outside. Solar salt may\\nbe packed in barrels not less than 30 inches in length with a head\\n16^ inches. Barrels charred on the inside must be rejected.\\nLABOR.\\nThe work connected with a kettle block can be accomplished by\\nseven men and one two-horse team, divided as follows: two boilers,\\ntwo firemen, one engineer, one salt-packer and one teamster. The\\ncapacity of pan blocks being greater than that of kettle blocks,\\nmore labor is required and is divided as follows: four boilers, three\\nfiremen, two engineers, two salt-packers and two or three team-\\nsters.\\nCOST OF SALT WELLS AND BLOCKS.\\nThe expense of putting down a salt well varies, of course, ac-\\ncording to the depth. In Saginaw county the average depth of the\\nwell is 800 feet, while down the river the average is about 1,000\\nfeet. The average expense of sinking a well, including drill house\\nand machinery, is about $3,000. The expense of erecting a block\\nranges from $8,000 to $25,000, according to capacity, and the\\nblocks produce from 75 to 250 barrels per day.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0438.jp2"}, "439": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n437\\nThe following is a table showing companies in Saginaw county,\\namounl of sail made, aumber of kettles, pans, depth of wells, for\\nthe ear l^ s\\nMANUFACTURERS.\\nE Hubbell, E. Saginaw\\nMartindale Bros. E. Saginaw.\\nCook 1 Inward.\\nas\\nW O Donnell.\\nF. Bischke,\\nUorey Delano,\\nEaton, Potter Co., Saginaw..\\nJ.F.A D. W. Rush Co., E.Sag.\\nBtevens v o\\n.1 L. Remington !o.,\\nBurnham Still, Saginaw\\nCamp A: Stillman, E. Saginaw...\\nSample amp,\\nNelson Holland\\nWarm r Eastman,\\nI E. Ten Eyck,\\nJohn G. wen,\\nJesse lloyt.\\nBarringer,\\n6.V. Turner Son.\\nD. Whitney, jr.,\\nHamilton, McLunA Co.. E.Sag\\nRush, Eaton Co Saginaw.\\nJ. F. Dries Sons, E- Saginaw\\nA. T. Bliss Bros., Saginaw\\nWood A I icy noli is. V Saginaw\\nDegraw, Aymer Co..\\nI.i I \u00c2\u00bbu Phinney,\\nSanborn A 151iss,\\nT. Jerome Co., Saginaw.\\nK. F. Gould,\\nJames Riley, E. Saginaw\\nWm. B. Mershon, E.Saginaw...\\nShaw Williams.\\nJas. Perrin,\\nKniffen Bros.,\\nlias. Merrill Co.,\\nWylie Bros.,\\nJ. H. IVarson Son, Saginaw\\nA. W. Wriehl A Co.,\\nBrand llardi-n.\\nD. Harden Co.,\\nF. Williams Bros..\\nN.\u00c2\u00ab A. Barnard Co.,\\nNi A. Harnard,\\nSag. barrel Works.\\nAlex. Swift,\\nSturtevant, Green Co.,\\nNason A Allen. E. Saginaw...\\n1.54H\\n9,883\\nI J i:jc\u00c2\u00bb\\n3,626\\n6,781\\n4.?iil\\n9,336\\n25,80U\\n41,156\\n11,643\\n30,\u00c2\u00bb60\\n12,645\\n11.114\\n18.251\\n39,872\\n29,082\\n23,029\\nL5,55U\\n17,260\\n17,450\\n12,426\\n65 254\\n60,834\\n24,800\\n17,215\\n80,490\\n26,232\\n29,680\\nnew\\n24,138\\n34,498\\n20,671\\n3,432\\n88,083\\nI ..in -j\\nI 17.273\\n8,400\\n3,581\\n27,226\\n29.60J\\n28,196\\n4:l 2 1.1\\n6,812\\n8,921\\n::4,.-,!ii)\\n20,826\\noS. .IS J\\n15,400\\n::ii.\\n82,113\\n8,574\\nSz!l 521\\nT.\\n120\\na\\nA\\n193\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2-Mi\\n500\\n60\\n3\\na\\n830\\n823\\n820\\n820\\n762\\n750\\n75U\\n7. )(i\\n750\\nMode of Manu-\\nfacture.\\n806\\nPan.\\nSteam.\\nPan.\\nSteam.\\nPan.\\nSteam.\\nSteam and Pan\\nSteam.\\nlloli\\nICO\\n860 Steam Solar.\\n825\\n835\\n835\\n163\\n763\\n835\\n743\\n800\\n800\\n800\\n800\\n741\\n110\\n110\\n770\\n830\\n830\\n830\\nPan.\\nSteam Pan.\\nSteam Solar.\\nSteam.\\nPan.\\nSteam.\\nSteam Pan.\\nSteam.\\nPan.\\nSteam.\\nPan.\\nSteam.\\nPan.\\nSteam.\\nSteam Pan.\\nSteam.\\nSteam Pan.\\nSteam.\\nSteam Pan.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0439.jp2"}, "440": {"fulltext": "438 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSYSTEM OF INSPECTION.\\nThe irregularities that crept into the manufacture of salt, de-\\nteriorating its quality and value, soon made it evident that some\\nsystem of inspection would have to be adopted to protect the care-\\nful manufacturer against the ignorance and carelessness of\\nothers.\\nAs early as the year 1865 a system of local inspection was adopted\\nby a number of salt manufacturers, which had a tendency to improve\\na portion of the salt product. The inspection, however, not being\\na general one, and there being no State law by which offenders\\ncould be punished, the effectiveness of the inspection was greatly\\ndiminished, and it soon became evident that some more stringent\\nsystem, backed by a {State law, would be the only way to secure\\nuniformity of manufacture.\\nDr. Garrigues came to this city in 1862 and at once interested\\nhimself in the salt industry. He opened a laboratory and com-\\nmenced the analysis of salt, and shortly after commenced work in\\na salt block for the purpose of obtaining a practical knowledge ot\\nthe manufacture. He started the work in three blocks of the\\nChicago Salt Co., and subsequently blocks for Asa Sheldon, Bay\\nCity, and also a block for Van Etten Mershon, at Salzburg. In\\nthe spring of 1863 the agitation of a salt inspection law commenced,\\nand on June 21, of that year, Dr. Garrigues was recommended by\\nMayor C. B. Mott and the board of aldermen, consisting of Aids.\\nJeffers, Glasby, Bingham and Eastman, as a suitable person for\\nthe position of salt inspector. The recommendation also bears\\nindorsement ot Hon. Jno. F. Driggs. The inspection bill, how-\\never, failed to pass the Legislature. Dr. Garrigues then took\\ncharge of a block at Bay City for N. S. Clark, and from there went\\nto Kawkawlin, where he was connected with Ballou Co., in the\\nmanufacture of salt. He remained with this firm until 1864, when\\nhe enlisted in the 29th Michigan Volunteer Infantry and went to\\nthe war. In 1866 a bill was passed by the State Legislature estab-\\nlishing boards of trade and granting them authority to appoint in-\\nspectors of produce and salt. Under this act rules and regulations\\nwere adopted by the salt committee, created by the East Saginaw\\nBoard of Trade, and Dr. Garrigues was appointed salt inspector\\nfor the following works:\\nEast Saginaw Salt Manufacturing Co., Chicago Salt Works, H.\\nA. Ballentine Co. s works, Bellevue Salt works, Western Salt\\nCo. s works, Geo. II. Taylor Co. s works, Carrollton Mill Salt\\nCo., Wayne County Salt Co., SalinaSalt Co., Carter Bros., Albany\\nSalt Co., Medina Salt Co., Rust Ingledew, Buffalo Salt Co.,\\nOneida Salt Co., N. B. Nye Co., Ann Arbor Saginaw Salt\\nCo., ]S S. Lockwood. Others were subsequently added.\\nOn March 11, 1867, the Doctor reported to these manufacturers\\nthe result of his work, it being the first salt report published in the\\nValley. In 1867 another attempt was made to pass an inspection\\nbill but it failed.\\nIn the spring of 1869 an inspection bill was introduced which\\npasfed, and Dr. Garrigues received the appointment of inspector,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0440.jp2"}, "441": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTr,\\n439\\nwhich he has held to the present time, giving the work his earnest\\nand constant attention. To his efforts and fidelity to the salt in-\\ndustry is largely due the excellent reputation Saginaw salt has\\nachieved in the markets of the country.\\nThe salt inspection year begins in December, and the labor of\\nthe State Salt [nspector continued almost uninterruptedly through-\\nout the succeeding 12 months. With the object of placing before\\nthe reader a review of all the Inspector and his assistants arecapa-\\nble of performing within one month, as well as of the personnel of\\nthe salt association of Michigan the following statement, showing\\nthe amount of salt inspected in the several salt districts of the State\\nduring the month of May. L881, is given:\\nSALT INSPECTED FOR MEMBERS OF\\nTHE ASSOCIATION.\\nBBLS.\\nAvers Oo 3,300\\nWorthington Sons 1,423\\nF. Crawford 7,333\\n15.1m. it Baskell 2,000\\nT.Winsor Co 5.060\\nWilliamson, Eaken Co 1,200\\nG. P. H. P. Smith Co 1,071\\nJ.Jenks Co 6,500\\nOBCOda Salt A: Lumber Co 1,123\\nPort H -|.f Salt Co 4,000\\nThomson Bros 5,600\\nPack, Woods A Co 3.441\\nR.J. Briscoe 700\\nEddy Bros 8s0\\nF. E. Bradley A Co 4,008\\nN. B. Bradley Sons 7,872\\nDolsen. Chapin Co 5,521\\nESddy, Avery Eddy 5,402\\nFolsom Arnold.. 2.665\\nJ. R. Ball 5;4S4\\nI. L. Hotchkiss 4,600\\nHay. Buiman Co 800\\nKeystone Salt A Lumber Co 789\\nLaderach Bros 1,100\\nW H Malone 2,626\\nMiller* Lewis ::.77\\nM. Lane Bon 4,000\\nWm. McKwen 1,026\\nSmith A Sons 1,127\\nThos. M.Craw 10,907\\nMurphy Dorr 6,030\\nPitts A Cranage 4,392\\nA. Rust A Bro 3,873\\n11 W. Sage Co 6.150\\nHamilton McClure 9,843\\nX. A A. Barnard A- Co 2,084\\nX. A A. Harnard 8,756\\nII ami it nil A McGregor 2,487\\nDegraw. Aymer Co 3,900\\nLedue \u00c2\u00abS Phinney 1,980\\nEaton, Potter Co 1,600\\nT.Jerome .V: Co 1,423\\nBBL.8.\\nCarrier Co 2,679\\nWm. B. Mershon 900\\n.1.11. Pierson Son 2,728\\nJ. F. 6c D. W. Rust Co 2,450\\nRemington Co 2,000\\nRi st, Eaton Co 1,700\\nC M. Williams 46\\nH. S.Bradt 2,309\\nC. E. Ten Eyck 2,159\\nC. V. Turner Son 1,300\\nD. Whitney, jr 8,958\\nWood Reynolds 700\\nA. W. Wright Co 1,617\\nG. F. Williams Bros 1,030\\nWvlie Bros 500\\nNason Allen 2,000\\nI.arkin Patrick 2,302\\nChas. Merrill Co 3,004\\nMcBean ct Son 900\\nJ. G. Owen 3,574\\nEmery Bros 1,570\\nJames Riley 379\\nNelson Holland 6,145\\nSALT INSPECTED FOR MANUFACTURERS\\nOUTSIDE OF THE ASSOCIATION.\\nD. Hardin Co 93\\nHarden Plumer 4,488\\nSample Camp 511\\nW. P. Stevens 1,763\\nHenry Farmer, Agt 340\\nSanborn cV Bliss. 4.752\\nA. T. Bliss Bros 3.434\\nA. Chesbrough.. 1,222\\nWm. Peter. 3,131\\nNew River Salt Co 3.000\\nRouse Bros 1 ,777\\nW C. Cram 586\\nJ. I). Ketchum 070\\nFoster McGill 1.480\\n.1. Herrick Co 1.727\\nTotal 232,218\\nOf the total amount inspected 200,563 barrels were handled by\\nthe !Salt Association of Michigan, and 31,655 barrels were handled\\noutside of the association.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0441.jp2"}, "442": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XIV.\\nAGRICULTURAL\u00e2\u0080\u0094 PRESENT AND PROSPECTIVE.\\nFrom whatever standpoint the Valley is reviewed, it appears im-\\nmensely fair. It is conceded that its lumber and salt interests are\\nincomparable; but some have groundlessly doubted that its agri-\\ncultural interests are very respectable. Now, by some strange\\nrevolution of physical appearances, the great pines of the Saginaw\\nregion spring from lands as rich as ever bore a forest, lands which\\nto-day yield aplenty to a large and prosperous agricultural popu-\\nlation, and which to-morrow will grow in public esteem until they\\nform the gardens of the Peninsula.\\nC. P. Reynolds, in addressing the farmers of Saginaw, said:\\nIt may seem strange that one should speak of a new Michigan.\\nThe name suggests a newly discovered land, having possibly a\\nnew and distinctive flora and animals, and climate relations to\\nproduce them. Such possibilities excite the curiosity of the nat-\\nuralist, the geologist, as well as the agriculturist, who combine all\\nthose elements, for here is a new world to conquer, undeveloped\\nresources to be added to the wealth of science and the State. It is\\nnot the object of this hastily written paper to excite such curiosity,\\nespecially among such as are ever eager to learn some new thing,\\nlike the old Athenians, but it will have accomplished its neces-\\nsarily limited purpose if our New Michigan but catch a passing\\nglance from our much loved Michigan, that has long held the at-\\ntention of her sister States as the gem of the lakes, richly endowed\\nwith resources that, though new and undeveloped, have already\\nswelled the wealth and honor of our glorious Union.\\nWhen Father Marquette stood awe-struck on the island that\\ncommands the Straits of Mackinaw, and took in at a glance those\\nimmense maple groves that bound the northern limit and fringe\\nthose ocean lakes, something more than mere religious zeal bowed\\nhis head as he listened in silent adoration to the sighing of the\\npine forests overhead, mingled with the rippling of the water at\\nhis feet. Religious zeal has ever been true to patriotism and love\\nof country, from Columbus, the great discoverer, down to the late\\nSir John Franklin, so long lamented, and whose bones, bleaching\\nunder arctic frosts, are but the teachings of the divine Master,\\nRender unto Caesar the things that are Caesar s, and unto God the\\nthings that are God s.\\nki Martyrs to religion, patriotism and science how their glorious\\nnames illustrate history, and add godliness to manliness, to which\\nall other things are added. These sublime qualities characterized\\nmany of the pioneer settlers of our new Michigan, of whom our\\n(441)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0442.jp2"}, "443": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 441\\ntime is too limited to make mention; but we may safety date its\\ndiscovery from the time that Pere Marquette built his little Indian\\nchurch at Point Lgnace, opposite the Island of Mackinaw, and\\nrook possession of the country in the name of his king and Church,\\nbearing true allegiance to both. His bones were buried under the\\nruins of the little church his zeal had built. Other illustrious\\nnames might be added to his. but they are connected more inti-\\nmately with older Michigan; older, because westward the star of\\nempire took its way. leaving the pine forests of the north, await-\\ning the slow development of commerce and other outgrowths of\\ncivilization that ever follow the advance of the pioneer, whose\\nsturdy Btrokes level the forest and carve out homes in the wilder-\\naess.\\nu The antiquarian might be curious to investigate the; gigantic\\nskeletons that have been recently exhumed from the mounds ot\\nDevil river, on tin- west shore of Lake Huron; but they evidently\\nbelong t the prehistoric age. and though huge in stature, were\\nnot a superior race, for they have left no monument excepting\\ntheir graves, ami nothing of practical usefulness, excepting, per-\\nhaps, the carbonate of lime in their bones. Let us rather speak\\nof men who came and saw and conquered by the power of a mighty\\npurpose that has left its impress indelibly written on forest and\\nfield, island ami lake, from the Saginaw of the south to the lakes\\not the north, such as must ever live, as the undivided glory of the\\nPeninsular State.\\nWe might speak of the fishermen who were the first white\\nmen that skirted over her shores; but we cannot justly accord to\\nthem any part of the fame attached to our slowly progressive civ-\\nilization, for what fishermen have founded States, built cities,\\nframed codes ot law which add true greatness to human progress?\\nTheir name i^ not legion. True, the demand for fish barrels added\\nsomewhat to the value of pine trees, and possibly introduced the\\nLumbering business j M ;l small way. but the nature of the fishing\\nbusiness has no real permanency of character, nor has a fish diet\\ndeveloped any perceptible increase of intellect to the eaters, as\\nsome scientists have taught, and their general character was law-\\nlessness and cruelty,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the natural result of their business. Fish-\\nermen as a class have not been the. highest type of developed\\nmanhood, physically or morally, for they have left on the land the\\nsame impress they did on the waters they navigated, so that the\\nfish epoch in our history ha- added little to practical usefulness\\nand nothing to the glory ot the State. The lumbering epoch has\\na prominence all its own; it came as the representative of capital.\\nthat great want of all new countries, to assist labor, and their co-\\noperation are the great necessities to human progress; but when\\ncapital owns the pine that labor cuts down and drags to the mill\\nor the lake for transportation, and a foreign market receiving all\\nthe Ik netit of the combination, leaving nothing but the stumps as\\nevidence of the departed, it is hard to tell where any public bene-\\nfit is received, calculated upon a fair division of profits.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0443.jp2"}, "444": {"fulltext": "442 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nWhen capital builds wells and salt blocks and combines all the\\nvalues that labor confers, then skilled labor is stimulated, villages\\nand cities are built, and the whole machinery of trade set in motion,\\nthen labor receives its share of the profits, and a tidal wave of\\nprosperity blesses every one it touches. As a distinctive feature\\nand the actuating cause of the slow progress of the northern part\\nof Michigan, it is noticeable that labor receives no part of the\\nprofits, makes little progress, and therefore is called new in con-\\ntradiction of the more favored parts of the State, where agriculture\\nearly became the leading interest of the country.\\n41 It does not require the oldest inhabitant of the Saginaws to\\ngive the date of the advent of agriculture as a self-sustaining\\navocation, for its years may be counted upon the fingers, but its\\npermanency is as much a certainty as the fever and ague to the inhab-\\nitants, for whom the frequent stirring of the soil provides the\\nantidote and early cure. Long after her busy mills are silent for\\nwant of logs, her brands of flour will be noted in the markets of\\nthe world where her lumber has ceased to be quoted, for com will\\nbe king.\\nStimulation by the increasing wants of the lumbermen for hay\\nand coarse grain, led to the accidental discovery that such products\\nwere among the possibilities of new Michigan, and a few adven-\\nturous spirits solved the problem that they could and would grow,\\nand lumbermen at once discovered their fatal mistake in not hav-\\ning earlier fostered its promotion by encouraging its growth.\\nIt is passing strange that lumbering and farming have not\\nnourished together in this valley at an earlier date. Never did\\nthe producer and consumer have greater interests in common, nor\\ncome nearer together than when they met in the woods of north-\\nern Michigan.\\nThe location and climate influence in new Michigan have been\\nfound especially favorable for growing grain, and particularly\\nwheat (of which a few samples are here on exhibition), the forest\\nprotection and deep snows of winter favor that cereal and make it\\nso much a certainty that, although not a prophet, we will predict\\nthat the wheat-producing regions will ere long be found north of\\nthe Saginaws. Corn, supposed to be exceptional north of the\\nOhio, matures perfectly many varieties of the better kinds among\\nthe wintry glades of the wintry north. A few samples are exhib-\\nited in our small collection as proof of the statement. Oats and\\npeas are a specialty, and barley that iron-clad of all the cereals\\nis at home among us. Oats have been produced to yield 90 bush-\\nels, average per acre; wheat 40 bushels, and other grain, especially\\npeas, are equally favorable to the producer and consumer.\\nNorthern Michigan has for many years after the organization of\\nthe Territory and for long after its admission to the sisterhood of\\nStates, by no means kept pace with the lower portion of the State.\\nIn the course of time settlements sprung up along the Huron,\\nGrand river and other streams, and immigration followed the\\nthen natural channels of transportation. But with the advent of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0444.jp2"}, "445": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 443\\nrailroads a great change was effected. The fertile oak openings\\nattracted the attention of thousands of hardy pioneers settlements\\nmultiplied, a greater and greater area of virgin soil was subjected\\nto cultivation. In the Forests the woodman s ax, and on the\\nopenings the settler s plow were the harbingers of a glorious day\\na future whose realization has in part been accomplished.\\nBefore the era of railways this development had fairly begun. The\\nemigrants wagons, drawn by patient, weary oxen that had plodded\\nthe many miles separating the cultivated fields and thriving, pros-\\nperous villages and cities of Ohio, Pennsylvania and New\\nYork, or of the remoter East, dotted the way; the camp-fires\\nmarked countless resting places, and the smoldering ashes of way-\\nside fires were fruitful in their after results.\\nAs long ago as 1822 the first American settlement was made in\\nthe territory now comprised in Saginaw county. A few adventurers\\nhad followed an Indian trail, and had encamped on the banks\\nof the Tittabawassee. Adventurous, indeed, was such an expedition,\\nand numerous were the trials and hardships endured by the\\nparticipants. But they found this a fair land, the earth teemed\\nwith fatness, and .the hardy pioneers, whose wants were few and\\nsimple, soon began to rejoice in the comforts of life, and were\\nrapidly followed by friends, who had but recently warned them\\nagainst the perilous expedition.\\nIn the early organization of the State the counties were princi-\\npalities in themselves.\\nUnder an act of the Legislature of the Territory passed during\\nthe session of 1S22, the county of Saginaw was organized, and its\\nboundaries defined.\\nAfter it had been divested of its original greatness as regards\\narea, it was subdivided into 27 townships, and these became in the\\ncourse of time well settled with an industrious population, men who\\nchanged the entire face of the country from a most primitive rude-\\nness into fertile fields and busy villages.\\nTHE SAGINAW COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.\\nA meeting for the organization of a county agricultural society\\n\\\\va held at Buena Vista Hall, East Saginaw, March 24, 1860.\\nThe i a 11 having been read, on motion, Wm. McBratnie was called\\nto the chair and George F. Lewis chosen secretary.\\nA committee was appointed consisting of W. L. Webber, M. W.\\nQnackenbush, C. McBratnie, Wm. M. Smith, John Wiltse, who\\nreported a constitution, which was adopted.\\nThe following officers were elected: President, Barney H. York;\\nVice-Presidents, Geo. F. Vein Fleet, Wm. M. Smith, Wm.\\nMcBratnie, W. J: Bartow; Secretary, Geo. F. Lewis; Treasurer,\\nThomas L. Jackson. The members of the Executive Committee:\\nJohn Wiltse, Wellington \\\\l. Burt, John G. Hubinger, Andrew\\nCrafoot, Andrew Goetz. X. S. Beach, Robert Ure.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0445.jp2"}, "446": {"fulltext": "444 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTHE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY S FIRST COUNTY FAIR.\\nThe first exposition held under the auspices of the County\\nAgricultural Society, was that of Oct. 3, 4 and 5, 1866, since which\\ntime the fairs of the society have been attended with most benefi-\\ncent results. Each fair served to indicate among the agricultural\\nclasses a sense of their position among the people, and in many\\nother respects was productive of much good.\\nFor years the society continued its useful career until its success\\nwas crowned by the organization of a kindred association,\\nTHE SAGINAW INSTITUTE.\\nA meeting of this institute was held Jan. 28 and 29, 1877, under\\nthe presidency of Hon. 0. D. Little. Prof. A. J. Cook, Geo. F.\\nLewis, Dr. I. 1ST. Smith, Dr. M. C. T. Plessner, Prof. Geo. T.\\nFairchild, Robert Ure, Dr. Cowell, E. F. Guild, W. L. Webber,\\nDenis Cole, Prof. W. J. Beal, Prof. Cornelius Gower, Dr. Whiting,\\nProf. C. L. Ingersoll, Dr. Jerome, Prof. R. C. Carpenter, Geo.\\nLeman, W. A. Lewis, D. Bow, Isaac Marston and C. P. Reynolds,\\nwere among those present on the occasion, and participated in the\\nlectures and discussions of the meeting. This was the first farm-\\ners institute ever held in Northern Michigan.\\nIn February, 1878, the Saginaw County Farmers Club was\\norganized, with 23 members. This club has contributed much to\\nadvance the agricultural interests of the Valley, and has otherwise\\nbenefited the farmers of the district by inducing them to meet\\ntogether for the discussion of matters vitally important to them as\\nagriculturists.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0446.jp2"}, "447": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XV.\\nRAILROADS AND NAVIGATION.\\nAt an early period in the history of the county the thoughts of\\nthe settlers often adverted to the existing necessity for either a canal\\nor railroad to connect the little outside world with the federal\\nrepublic of Saginaw. The ideas of the settlers were theoretically\\ncorrect, but entirely too premature. Many great works were per-\\nfected on paper. Not only canals but also railroads were spread out\\nin every direction from Saginaw City. A few of the numerous day-\\ndreams of the period assumed practical shape, but the financial\\ncrisis stayed all progress.. For a long period the people battled\\nwith the reverses which were entailed by the panic, rose above them,\\nand alternately succeeded in surpassing even the highest notion\\nof internal improvement held by them in early years.\\nTHE SAGINAW A- MT. CLEMENS RAILROAD.\\nAs early as 1835 Saginaw City dreamed of great deeds, and actually\\nwitnessed the organization of a company, having for its object the\\nconstruction of a railroad from Saginaw City to Mt. Clemens, via\\nLapeer. The capital stock of the railroad-builders was set down\\nat $1,000,000. With this sum of money the company promised\\nto begin the work within four years after the grant of the charter,\\nto complete 10 miles of track within 8 years, 45 miles within\\n15 years, and the whole distance of 90 miles within 40 years.\\nTHE SAGINAW GENESEE RAILROAD COMPANY\\nwas another idea which took possession of the minds of the early\\nsettlers. The company proposed to construct a railroad from\\nSaginaw City to the center of Genesee county, a distance of 40\\nmiles. The company was organized in 1837, with a stock of\\n$400,000. On this very limited capital a charter was sought, the\\npetition containing a promise that work should be begun\\nwithin one year subsequent to the granting of the authority by the\\nState, and the line completed within seven years from the date of\\ncharter. This enterprise was entirely theoretical.\\nTHE FLINT A- PERE MARQUETTE TCAILUOAD.\\nThis was the first railroad company that adopted any practical\\nmethod of opening up the Saginaw region. Contrary to all prece-\\ndent, the stockholders authorized a commencement to be made at\\nthe end; in other words, to run the line from west to east.\\n1 44.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0447.jp2"}, "448": {"fulltext": "446 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe company was organized Jan. 21, 1857. The provisions\\nof the law donating lands to this company were accepted Feb.\\n24, 1857. The map of location of line was tiled in the office of the\\nSecretary of State Aug. 7, 1857, and in the General Land Office,\\nWashington, Aug. 18, 1857. The first directors of the company\\nwere Henry M. Henderson, Benjamin Pierson, Artemas Thayer,\\nRobert D. Lamond, Cornelius Roosevelt, George M. Dewey, Will-\\niam Paterson, Alvin T. Crossman and Josiah Pratt, of the citv of\\nFlint.\\nThe work of grading the road began in August, 1858, under the\\ncontractor, F. W. Paul. Up to March, 1859, about $10,000 had\\nbeen expended in grading, when Samuel Farwell and H. C. Potter,\\nof Utica, N. Y., and T. D. Estabrook, of Great Bend, Pa., were\\nassociated in the contract. Track-laying was commenced at\\nEastSaginawAug.il, 1859; first freight over the road, 32,000\\nfeet of lumber from Smith s mill, 13 milesout to E. Saginaw, Aug.\\n11,1860; first 20-mile section of road accepted by Gov. Wisner,\\nSept. 5, 1860; road opened to Mt. Morris, 26^ miles, in January,\\n1862. The other section of the road and tributary lines were\\nopened as follows: Flint Holly railroad, Flint to Holly, Nov.\\n1, 1864, 17 miles; East Saginaw to Midland, Dec. 1, 1867, 20\\nmiles; Midland to Averill s, Dec. 1, 1858, 6|- miles; Averill s to\\nClare, Nov., 1870, 23 miles; Clare to west line T. 17, 6 W., Dec.\\n29, 1870, 10\u00c2\u00a3 miles; total miles, 111; Bay City East Saginaw,\\nNov., 1867, 13 miles. The Holly, Wayne Monroe railroad was\\ncompleted in 1872, bringing Saginaw into direct communication\\nwith Toledo.\\nThe section of the main line and branches completed sinee track-\\nlaying first commenced are as follows:\\nIn September, 1860, completed 20 miles.\\nIn December, 18(32, completed 13 miles.\\nIn December, 1867, completed 20 miles.\\nIn 1868, completed 7 miles.\\nIn 1870, completed 36 miles.\\nIn 1871, completed 27 miles.\\nIn 1867, East Saginaw Bay City line built 13 miles.\\nIn 1868, leased Flint Holly railroad 17 miles.\\nIn 1871, built Holly, Wayne Monroe railroad 65 miles.\\nOn September 1, 1872, completed Flint River railroad, running from a\\npoint three miles north of Flint, through Geneseeville and Otisville,\\nto Otter Lake 1 15 miles\\nClare County branch, extending north to Harrison 6 miles\\nIn 1880, Round Lake branch, Butler Junction north to Webber 4 miles\\nThe road in operation Dec. 31, 1880, was:\\nMain Line. Sidings.\\nLudington to Monroe 253.31 64.50\\nEast Saginaw to Bay City 12.35 6.23\\nOtter Lake branch 14 41 1.60\\nSt. Clair branch 3.94 1.52\\nSaginaw Clare County railroad 15.50 15.19\\nSaginaw Mt. Pleasant railroad 15.02 .97\\nManistee railroad (in part) 3.18 .59\\n317.71 90.60", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0448.jp2"}, "449": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY 447\\nTotal main line and sidings, 408.11 miles. Of the main line\\n200 miles are steel rail.\\nDuring 185! 20 miles of line were graded from Saginaw river\\neasterly, and eight miles of rail were laid. The first rail was laid\\nat the edge of Saginaw river, Aug. L9, L859, and a large delega-\\ntion of citizens participated in the driving of the first spike. Owing\\nto hard times, work was suspended on the line from about Nov.\\nI. 1859, to the summer of the following year. At the election,\\nJuly 6, l s i the directors chosen were E. B. Ward and Charles A.\\nTrowbridge, of Detroit; B. Pierson, A. J. Bross, Win. Hamilton,\\nA. T. Crussman and Or. M. Dewey, of Flint; H. D. Faulkner, of\\nNew Fork, and M. L. Drake. ofPontiac. Capt. Ward was chosen\\nPresident, Mr. Drake, Secretary, and Mr. Grossman, Treasurer.\\nDuring this season, track-laying was completed for a distance of\\n20 miles from Saginaw river, and a certificate was granted after\\npersona] inspection, by Gov. Wisner, as required by the Land Grant\\nAct, Sept. 5. 1860. The road was not then opened for traffic, how-\\never, and it was not till the fall and winter of 1861 that iron was\\nlaid as far as the crossing of the plank road, at Mt. Morris, 26ir\\nmiles from the Saginaw river.\\nThe first engine used on the road was called the Pollywog, a\\nsmall second-hand locomotive, bought at Schenectady for s2,000.\\nIt was shipped on the schooner Quickstep from Buffalo, arrived\\nAug. 31, and was landed at Fast Saginaw Sept. 2, 1S59. The same\\nmachine, after a thorough rebuilding, still does service on the road\\nunder the name of Pioneer.\\nThe road was opened Jan. 20, 1862; on that day an excursion ride\\nwas tendered to a great number of the citizens over the road. The\\ntrain, consisting oi the Pollywog, one baggage car and one\\ncoach, was all at the disposal of the passenger department of the\\nroad at that period. The time occupied in making the trip of\\nL H.l mile- t Mt. Morris was four hours, and that in returning five\\nhours.\\nJan. 20 t 27, the receipts of the road from passenger traffic\\nwere only $102.54; the week succeeding it fell to $100.31. The\\nfreight and passenger traffic from Jan. 20, to Dec. 1, 1862,\\namounted to $31,764.37, of which \u00c2\u00a319,254.15 resulted from pas-\\nsenger traffic.\\nThe reorganization of the company was perfected b y the election\\nof the following persons as directors: Henry A. V. Post, Henry\\nII. Fish. Abrani G. Brower, Loum Snow, jr., Francis Hathaway.\\nJesse Hoyt, James C. Parrish, Cornelius D. Wood, William w.\\nCrapo, Henry C. Potter and William L. Webber. At the\\nannual meeting held at Fast Saginaw. May 18, 1881, the\\nfollowing stockholders were elected directors for the ensuing year:\\nJesse Hoyt, Alfred M. Hoyt and Cornelius D. Wood, of New\\nYork: Wm. W. Crapo, Francis Hathaway and Loum Snow, of New\\nBedford, Ma^ Lewis Pierce, of Portland, Me. Abram G. Brower,\\nof Itica. NY.: Wm. L.Webber, IL C. Potter and U. 0. Potter, jr.,\\nof East Saginaw.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0449.jp2"}, "450": {"fulltext": "448 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTHE F. P. M. K. R. LAND GRANT.\\nThe Congress of the United States, by an act entitled l An act\\nmaking a grant of alternate sections of the public lands to the\\nState of Michigan, to aid in the construction of certain rail-\\nroads in said State, and for other purposes, approved June 3,\\n1856, granted land to the State of Michigan, to aid in the construc-\\ntion (among others) of a railroad from Fere Marquette to Flint.\\nThe State of Michigan, by an act of the Legislature entitled u An\\nact disposing of certain grants of land made to the State of Michi-\\ngan for railroad purposes, by an act of Congress, approved June 3,\\n1856, approved Feb. 15, 1857, conferred upon the Flint Fere\\nMarquette Railway Company so much of the lands granted by\\nCongress as pertained to a railroad from Fere Marquette to Flint.\\nThis grant comprsed 511,492.22 acres. But a deduction must be\\nmade from it, as, for example, 131,000 acres granted to the F.\\nF. M.,G. R. L, and J. L. S. railroads in common. The grants\\nare conflicting.\\nNot one-half of the original grant received by the company has\\nbeen disposed of. The lands, are located west of the Saginaw\\nriver and in the counties through which the road runs.\\nThese lands are valuable not only for the pine found upon them,\\nbut for farming purposes. The Government in granting this land\\nto the railroad followed its usual course and charged double mini-\\nmum price for the even numbered sections within the railroad\\nlimits. Still its lands are nearly all disposed of, and very largely\\nsettled upon, which would not have been the case if the railroad\\nhad not opened the district. W. L. Webber is the land commis-\\nsioner, and under his administration of the office every facility\\nhas been afforded settlers to build happy homes and acquire a\\nlasting and valuable property in the wheat district of the future.\\nJACKSON, LANSING SAGINAW RAILROAD.\\nThe construction of this important line was first projected in\\n1856. The act of Congress of June 3 of that year, granting lands\\nto the State of Michigan to aid in the construction of railroads,\\nprovided for a road from Ainboy, in Hillsdale county, near the\\nsouth line of the State, by the way of Lansing, to some point at or\\nnear Traverse Bay. Two companies were organized for the pur-\\npose of constructing this road. One, called the Arnboy Traverse\\nBay Railroad Company, making Jackson a point in the line of the\\nroad, was organized in December, 1856, with a capital of $5,000,000,\\nof which Hon. M. Shoemaker, of Jackson., was the president; and the\\nother, called the Ainboy, Lansing Traverse Bay Railroad Com-\\npany, making Albion a point, was organized Jan. 23, 1S57, with\\nthe same capital, of which Marvin Hannahs, of Albion, was the\\nfirst president. The grant was conferred by the Legislature on\\nthe latter company, and was formally accepted by the company\\nMarch 5, 1857. Among the directors named in the articles of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0450.jp2"}, "451": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 449\\nassociation were Hon. H. L. Miller, of Saginaw City, and M. L.\\nGage, Esq., of East Saginaw.\\nThe first meeting of stockholders was held at Albion, June 3,\\nL857, at which A. L. Williams, M. Hannahs, W. W. Murphey,\\nGeo. C. Munroe, H. B. Shank, D. W. Gould. H. Smith, T. D.\\nDewey, R. E. Aldrich, G. W. Bullock, W. L. P. Little, E. O.\\nGrosvenor and J. K. Lockwood were elected directors. A. M.\\nWilliams was soon after chosen president, which office he con-\\ntinued to hold as- long as the corporation continued in business.\\nThe financial crash of 1857 followed soon after this stockholders\\nmeeting, and before the work of constructing the road was com-\\nmenced, and consequently nothing was done until 1859. At this\\ntime it was deemed of the first importance to build the part of the\\nroad between Albion and Owosso, thus connecting Lansing with\\nthe I). M. R y at Owosso, and the M. C. R. R. at Albion.\\nWork was commenced on this part of the line, and the first iron\\nw,i.- laid from Owosso south. Twenty miles was completed and\\naccepted by the Governor Dec. 28, 1860.\\nThe company became embarrassed and the work progressed very\\nBlowly; it was not until Sept. 17, 1863, that the road was completed\\nto Michigan avenue in Lansing, a distance of 9 miles farther. The\\nwork of grading some 30 miles of the line south of Lansing had\\nbeen done at that time, but the company was unable to procure\\nthe iron, and never performed any further work on the line.\\n1 ec. 22, 1863, a company was organized for the construction of\\na railroad from Lansing to Jackson, a distance of 39 miles, under\\nthe name of the Lansing Jackson R. R. Co., with a capital of\\no,000, of which IT. A. Hayden was president.\\nBy the beginning of 1805 it became apparent that the A., L.\\nT. B. 11. R. Co. did not possess the ability to construct more road,\\nand that the grant would revert to the United States, and the lands\\nbe lost to the State unless some new corporation should assume the\\nwork. Feb. 3 of that year the articles of association of the Lansing\\nJackson company were amended by changing the name of the\\ncorporation to Jackson, Lansing Saginaw R. R. Co. by increas-\\ning its capital to $1,500,000, and by designating Saginaw as its\\nnorthern terminus. During the winter following, efforts were\\nmade to get an extension of the time for completing the road, and\\nOD July 3, 1866, an act of Congress was passed extending the time\\nfor seven years, and providing that if the A., L. T. B. R. R. Co.\\nBhould fail to complete the road between Owosso and Saginaw City\\nwithin a limited time, the Legislature might confer the grant on\\nsome other company. The grant was so disposed of by the Legisla-\\nture at its session in 1867, upon the J. L. S. R. R. Co. This\\ncompany now proceeded with the work of completing the road with\\nsuch energy, that on the 11th of October of that year it was com-\\npleted to St. Charles, and on the 7th of January following, to\\nWenona, a distance of 50 miles from Owosso.\\n27", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0451.jp2"}, "452": {"fulltext": "450 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY 1\\nFrom Wenona northward the route of the road lay through an\\nunbroken wilderness far beyond the rudest settlement, and at this\\npoint the work was suspended for upward of two years. In March,\\n1871, an act of Congress was passed permitting the company to\\nTe-locate its route north of Wenona, which was done by an amend-\\nment to its articles of association in the same month. The work\\nwas again commenced on the new line, and the road completed to\\nWells, 40 miles from Wenona, in December, 1871; and in Decem-\\nber, 1872, it was completed to Otsego Lake, a distance of 119 miles\\nfrom Wenona. Thus it will be seen that this company has within\\nless than two years, without an} local aid whatever, constructed\\nnearly 120 miles of railroad through an entire wilderness, and for\\n.much of the distance a dense forest.\\nTo many pr rsons the project of building such a road seemed\\nchimerical, but the incredibly rapid growth of towns and villages\\nalong its line and the large business so soon created, are results\\nwhich fully justify the sagacity and foresight of the managers of the\\nroad. To the energy, enterprise and ability of J. F.Joy, IT. A.\\nHayden, W. D. Thompson and O. M. Barnes, in pushing forward\\nthis work, the people of Northern Michigan, and especially the\\nSaginaw Vallej 7 are largely indebted. 52 miles more completed\\nit to the Straits of Mackinaw, its northern terminus.\\nTHE J., L. S. LAND GRANT.\\nThe number of acres patented to this railroad company was 348,-\\n433, in 1872. In 1876 the road was completed to Gaylord, a dis-\\ntance of 238 miles from Jackson. Since that period it has extended\\nits lines, and is now in possession of the full number of acres pro-\\nvided for in the grant. The sales of these railroad lands com-\\nmenced in 1868. James Turner was the first land commissioner\\nwho acted under this grant, and he was succeeded by Hon. O. M.\\nBarnes. Augustine S. Gavlord assumed the duties of commissioner,\\nAug 15,1872,\\nSAGINAW VALLEY ST. LOUIS RAILROAD.\\nThis road was surveyed in June, 1871, by Frank Eastman. In\\nSeptember of that year the contract for grading, etc., was awarded to\\nAlexander McDonald. Sept 15, 1872, the first spike was driven, and\\nthree months later, Dec. 15, 1872, the first train passed over the\\nline from Saginaw to St. Louis. Dec. 31 witnessed the formal\\nopening of this new railroad, tending westward from Saginaw,\\nuniting the city with the already rich agricultural district embraced\\nin Gratiot and adjoining counties, rendering available an extensive\\nbelt of pine, oak, hemlock and other timber. The length of the\\nrailroad from East Saginaw to St. Louis is 35 miles.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0452.jp2"}, "453": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 451\\nTHE DETROIT, SAGINAW fc BAY CITY RAILROAD.\\nA branch of this road was completed to East Saginaw in January,\\n1-7\\nTHE OWOS80 SAGINAW NAVIGATION COMPANY\\nwas organized in 1S37. This company desired merely to improve\\nthe Shiawassee river, so as to create a slack-water navigation be-\\ntween the confluence of that river with the Flint and Owosso. The\\ncapital stuck subscribed was $100,000; the shareholders agreed to\\ncomplete the work within rive years succeeding the grant of charter;\\nbut the project being so prematurely conceived, and the circum-\\nstances of the time so opposed to progress in any direction, that the\\nslack-water navigation of the Shiawassee fell through neverj\\nperhaps, to be revived.\\nTHE NORTHERN CANAL.\\nThe work of building a canal from the forks of the Bad river to\\nthe north bend of the Maple river, a distance of 15 miles, was\\nentered upon in June. 1838, under the charge of Charles F. Smith.\\nThis canal was intended to connect the Saginaw and Grand rivers,\\nand would doubtless be carried through to completion had not the\\nfinancial crisis of 1S38 checked the progress of that enterprise\\nwhich then had seized upon the people. The work was projected\\nby the new State under the supervision of the Board of Commis-\\nsioners of Internal Improvements, appointed under authority of the\\nLegislature, in March, 1*37. The construction of the canal proper,\\nand the rendering of the waters of the Bad and Maple rivers\\nnavigable were estimated to cost $238,246, but the sum actually\\nappropriated to commence operations was $62,000. This amount\\nwas expended, and like many other State investments of the\\nperiod, resulted in a direct loss.\\nNAVIGATION AND SHIP-BUILDING.\\nThe first boat built in the Saginaw Valley was that by Nelson\\nSmith, in ls37. This was a schooner of light tonnage, named the\\nJnlia Smith, intended for the coasting trade.\\nThe Tiuena Vista was the first steamboat constructed on the\\nwaters of the Saginaw. The shipyard in which it was built was\\nlocated at the foot of Bristol street, East Saginaw. Both yard\\nami boat were gotten up by a stock company in a most primitive\\nmanner, but the work was so novel that during the year 1848 the\\nbuilders received continued visits from the Indians, half-breeds,\\nand even white settlers. The building of the ship completed, the\\nmachinery was arranged, and the day of the launch announced.\\nAddison fllowrey was appointed captain of the little steamer, and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0453.jp2"}, "454": {"fulltext": "452\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthrough him invitations were sent to many of the Indian chiefs to\\nparticipate in the ceremony attendant upon the launch of the first\\nsteamboat. The Indians came, were brought on board while the\\nvessel was still on the stocks, and entertained in the cabin while it\\nmoved slowly down the soaped planks to the water. Presently\\nsteam was got up, the stern wheels began to move, and the Indians,\\nunable to realize what was in progress, rushed forth to find them-\\nselves in the midst of the river on such a big canoe as they never\\ndreamed of. The noise of the machinery, the smoke and cinders,\\nthe panting of the steam, and the swells behind the little boat, so\\nsurprised them that they looked on in amazement at the whole pro-\\nceedings, and waited patiently for something more surprising.\\nThe excursionists returned all right, and none were so happy as the\\nIndian chiefs on reaching terra firma For many years the\\nJBuena Vista was utilized as a tug and packet boat.\\nIn 1851 Daniel Johnson built the Snow at Zilwankee.\\nCurtis Emerson built the Ethan Allen steam barge the same\\nyear, and launched her from the stocks near the Emerson mill.\\nAfter a trip on the river the genial tenant of the Halls of the\\nMontezumas tendered a banquet to his friends. This social gath-\\nering assembled at the Webster House.\\nFrom 1851 to 1864, the tonnage of the boats built on the Sagi-\\nnaw did not exceed 22,000 tons. Between that period and 1867 a\\nfew small boats were built. From statistics compiled since 1867\\nthe followino- statement is obtained:\\nDate.\\n1867\\n1863\\n1869\\n870\\n1871\\n1872\\nStyle of Boat.\\nTwo Barks\\nNine barges\\nFour propellers\\nOne schooner\\nTwo tugs\\nOne steamer\\nTwo scows\\nOne bark\\nFour barges\\nTwo tugs\\nOne steamer\\nTwo schooners\\nTwo scows\\nOne canal boat.\\nFive barges\\nOne schooner.\\nTwo scows\\nOne propeller.\\nTwo sloops\\nThree schooners\\nTwo tugs\\nEight barges\\nOne sloop\\nFour scows\\nThree schooners\\nTwo steam yachts.\\nOne tug\\nTwo canal boats.\\nOne barge\\nSix schooners\\nTonnage Date\\n,127.00\\n,267.00\\n276.00\\n500.00\\n144.00\\n52.00\\n63.00\\n366.00\\n666.00\\n46.00\\n28 00\\n334.00\\n59.00\\n109.00\\n,256.56\\n30.10\\n62.70\\n21.17\\n424.00\\n662 00\\n63.00\\n,186.00\\n171.00\\n89.00\\n,199.00\\n19.00\\n1500\\n111.00\\n149.00\\n,319.73\\n1872\\n187\\n1874\\nStyle of Boat.\\nThree barges\\nOne steam yacht\\nOne canal boat\\nProp. David Ballentine\\nSchr. A. B Morse.\\nC. H. Burton\\nJourneyman\\nR. T. Lambert.\\nProp. J. C. Liken\\nTug Westey Hawkins\\nProp. Arenac\\nSchr. Iosco\\nBarge J. Sparrow\\nF. A. McDougal.\\nW. L. Peck\\nSchr. Buckeye State..\\nProp. W. R.Quinity...\\nSchr. Queen City\\nChester B Jones\\nW. S. Crossthwaite\\nL. C. Butts\\nBenj. F. Bruce.\\nGrace A. Charme.\\nB. B. Buckhout..\\nTug Fannie Tuthil\\nE. H. Miller\\nA. H. Hunter\\nSchr. Evening Star\\nMorning Star\\nBark St. Clair\\nTonnage\\n379.30\\n33.37\\n150 00\\n972.13\\n1,099.37\\n534.90\\n235.04\\n53.23\\n78.24\\n45.70\\n63.29\\n230.80\\n264.07\\n416.00\\n365.68\\n525.64\\n38.79\\n735.00\\n493.71\\n671.71\\n504.38\\n729.37\\n259.18\\n351.76\\n100.30\\n30.14\\n28.14\\n497.81\\n497.81\\n286.37", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0454.jp2"}, "455": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XVI.\\nMISCELLANEOUS.\\nCOUNTY FINANCES AND STATISTICS.\\nThere is no more certain index to the financial condition of a\\nfree State than its public accounts. So it is with any portion of the\\nState where the citizens manage their own affairs; for as a general\\nrule the governing board of a county exercise sound judgment, and\\nare slow to authorize any outlay which does not give promise of\\nfuture profit. The annual exhibit of the county treasurer is a safe\\nbasis on which to rest the financial condition of a county; but to\\nrealize its gradual development the table of assessment has to be\\nreferred to. The tabulation of the amount, resulting annually from\\ntaxation, is of little consequence, beyond the chance it offers the\\ncurious of summing up the moneys contributed directly by the\\npeople for the support of good government. The indirect taxation\\naccruing to the general Government is much more extensive than\\nthe direct, but the possibility of obtaining reliable figures in this\\nregard is so far removed that the subject could be treated only in a\\nspeculative manner; therefore, the reader must be content with a\\nknowledge of what is certain, viz: that the citizens contribute\\ndirectly or indirectly, or both, as much as should render the\\ngeneral Government, the State government, and the local govern-\\nment as great as the principles of pure and simple Republicanism\\nrequire it to be, and which it is not; as mindful in guarding and\\nhonoring the legacy, which the Revolutionary Fathers left us, as it\\n-In hi Id be, and which it is not; as paternal in character, and as\\nsolicitous for the public good as a Republican government ought\\nto be, and which it is not. It is conceded that the Government\\nunder which we live is the most liberal, the one alone under which\\nman has attained his position in the universe, and the nearest\\napproach to true government known to the civilization of our day.\\nTo make it what it is capable of being made, and surround it with\\nthat halo of truth and honesty which can alone pertain to a re-\\npublic, is all that is required. Official perfidy should be stigmatized,\\nand the guilty punished, not nominally, but severely; for he\\nwho would prove faithless in an office bestowed by a free people\\ndeserves chains, not liberty, a refuge among slaves rather than\\na home among freemen.\\nPROGRESS AS MARKED BY VALUATION.\\nIn the record of the Board of Supervisors, the condition of the\\ncounty for the ten years succeeding its organization has been", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0455.jp2"}, "456": {"fulltext": "454\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nnoted. The following tabulated statements deal with the assessed\\nvaluation of real and personal property from 1846 to 1881:\\nYear.\\n1846.\\n1847.\\n1848.\\nValuation. Year. Valuation. Year. Valuation\\n$440,968.12 1849 345,291.17 1870 9,647,260.20\\n.354,864.13 1850 471,707.27 1880 17,997,451.52\\n.231,028.60 1860 2,554,484.22\\nThe state of the various townships and cities of the county at the\\nbeginning of 1881 may be gleaaed from the subscribed figures:\\nC\\n_\\nd\\nS Oi\\n-d\\n~z\\nT3\\nT3*G\\n-73 O C\\nS 1 3\\nfc Q-o\\nw P\\ns o v cu cp u a so cd oj 45 qj iJJii(tD0)0)f\\nOOO CCJO CO C CUOOOPT-jyyOo^-. ^JyooOOOOC\\nSPS(DSS Bpil aj33SSiDpS r BSaja pS3S3SS r C\\nd c S u r 3 3 d C 0 d d b s v 0 d 3 S S 0 S 5 3 c o r 3 C b a.\\nI\\nn P W\\nnoiB d^^ Sii S rtffii Ojai Cojajiiaj C CajaiajajsaiiB C\\nr 3 r o C oS S C CS T3 c3 o3 t; t3 TO rtT3 C r a c3 C3 rO ro TO tc i^3 C j\\nt-i oio oq t-; os co oq oq rj a th t~ c\u00c2\u00a9 co co co -h i-\\nPh\\ni os t- os os o* i-5 od t-h rt r-i t-h os oi co co co 10 co co so go ad co -*j5 cc\\n1\\nO\\n-\u00c2\u00bbOCQCO i ,_,_,_( Ol i\\n1\\no-H95oooxoooo^niX)io\u00c2\u00aboiO *f i eocooo\u00c2\u00a9 jimo\u00c2\u00abe\\nCM\\n2\\nM p\\nHN \u00c2\u00ab00\u00c2\u00abHt-\u00c2\u00abOffi\u00c2\u00bbOtOOOHiOi fflOO\u00c2\u00bb5DOT|HO^i;\\niO\\no5mco\u00c2\u00abo\u00c2\u00ab0 H Hwi iain\u00c2\u00abtooiOHaiOrHO-HOO^ N(Si !C\\n1 i-i\\n^co\u00c2\u00a9o!ocoic-*o)ci(iofflrH\u00c2\u00aboot-oNOaaD\u00c2\u00bb\u00c2\u00abMTt xH\u00c2\u00ab\\n1 5\\na \u00e2\u0080\u009e*\u00c2\u00a9^*i Wco^Hao^a .w^,eo ^\u00c2\u00abi co_co^co__-*_co.-rt\\nTjH_\\nI-- coTco -rtTio co ^i-ri^ioaD o c^r\u00c2\u00abrc^\u00c2\u00bbo \u00c2\u00abro5 co r t- ^-Too cs~\u00c2\u00ab f uo os o\\nJ\\nOOi-HiyjOCOOOOS-^OSCOi-iOSOOO\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tj 10COC-COo\u00e2\u0080\u0094 r t l 50SC\\nOS\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2^C0CQiO TH \u00c2\u00bbO t\u00c2\u00bbO \u00c2\u00abD l-H i-H iO CO HOi-\u00c2\u00ab M S\u00c2\u00abi* 05 r C\\n\u00e2\u0082\u00acfr\\n1 s\\nOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOQOO\\n1 co\\np\\nOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOC:\\n1\\ni M\\ni woot- sosoooooeiec!D\u00c2\u00abii5\u00c2\u00abooeno\u00c2\u00bbiooc\\nHi ecp-L :MflOfflniSMcea5fl3nioi-iO Oi\u00c2\u00bbHoot-oic\\ni S\\nCO\\nf jo os co_io_-*_o o? io eo os t\u00c2\u00bb r r ^Qq.x^\u00c2\u00ab t o,* ^i^io ot 10 o\u00e2\u0080\u009ex\\nc-\\nos co oo afco~\u00c2\u00a9~i ~co*oi cs co c~ cs^ co of o i-Tio oj azt^cocasi-r^irfcsc*\\nfc\\n\u00e2\u0084\u00a2\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00abrHWCiS! Hff!!C 03 i\u00e2\u0080\u0094 CO CO iHthtJI CO\\no\u00c2\u00bb\\nH\\nCO O\\n\u00c2\u00b0i.\\nPh\\nm- i-T\\nW -i\u00c2\u00abia)moooooio-Hisxio\u00c2\u00abfflio^t-Tj(95\u00c2\u00bbooo ^wo sto i ex\\nH\u00c2\u00abH\u00c2\u00abx\u00c2\u00abHt\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00aboooooioOHioi ooox!Otoijioi)\\nl\\nooofflooifHrHL st-oiooxift-o-torHooojTf i M-a:\\nIO\\nH SJ\\nOS CO i-i DO O! Of C} C- CO ~t CO CO CO 1-1 -f IT: l.O -1- C! CO CC i CM CO O OS\\ni-H\\n9S rr,\\nfllOOii lfC^O^CO__ __0 thi-hOOSOiOwi\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i OS 00 O O O C 5 t) to 1\\nEAL E\\nAl\\nEQUAI\\ni -1 o Lo ^ao cs ccr^fo i-rc^^oo as ^o o \u00c2\u00bbo o T^ o o i-5 o o 5D as\\n\u00c2\u00bbt-OffilO(099lNQOHfl5iSOOP^l!OO^^IOS)OaOMeO *0500 CO\\no jO(^ii-!iOTt Tff-*sDiH-rt io co thohoi m m n a o\\nS tjTo-\\n1 W\\nM\\n1 s\\ncsooooloooooooooooooooooooooooo i \u00c2\u00bbr\\nOOOOOTtiOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 1 ^f\\neoowoioifoonwoeiOf^ioxoiowLoicoioaocoioc\\nCO\\nE -1 S\\nOi-(M\u00c2\u00ab05to^HOt-co\u00c2\u00bbaai/5coo^-ox3io(oafic-ioxc\\nCO\\n\u00c2\u00a72 s\\noo__\u00c2\u00a9_c\u00c2\u00bb -^io_io o_cs_QO_c^_os co_os \u00c2\u00abo o?_j _os_co el oo aoiw t-\u00c2\u00bbIO O\\nt- os~c6 \u00c2\u00a9~c\u00c2\u00a9 o6 co cT Tco (y-f io io t- ~ao ~t- ~os ~t-- t- i--rirCQdc6 od~o:f i/- r t-~\u00c2\u00a9\\nCM\\n1-5\\nH S3\\nio a i* h o o c) o a o o o m t io ij* m i- in co o io e t^ x\\nl-tCQOJCO-rHj^-TtlCO MO -rt JO IO H IS rl Cl rH CO rH C\\nCO\\n\u00c2\u00abD\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0s\u00c2\u00a9 co cc\\nK\\nm\\nDS\\nPh\\ni\\n1\\nTOWNSHI\\nAND\\nCITIES.\\na\\na\\nf\\nc\\na\\n-c\\nt-\\nPC\\nr\\nPC\\n3\\na\\nE\\nas--\\nyo c\\n3 a\\nSo\\np\\na\\n5\\np\\nc\\nat\\na\\na o\\nos a\\nc\\ng\\na\\n0!\\nd a\\n\u00c2\u00abg\\n2 e\\na c\\n\u00c2\u00a9kS\\ntp\\na\\n-2\\na\\na\\nc\\n1\\n1\\np\\nS\\na8\\n3C\\ncocc\\na\\na\\nX\\np\\n5 c\\n5\\nO K\\n2\\nc\\naT\\na)\\nr\\nP\\nb\\nX\\nOS\\npa\\ng\\nX\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a05\\n1\\nc\\nE-\\nWhen it is remembered that as recently as 1841 the aggregate\\nvaluation of real and personal property within the county was\\nonly $140,078.75, advancing in 1843 to $214,492.25, and in 1880", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0456.jp2"}, "457": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. -i Zi\\nto tens of millions, one must admire and acknowledge the busy\\naetivities of the times, as well as the genuine enterprise which\\ncharacterized the people.\\nTIIIKTY YEARS TAXES.\\nThe sums of money contributed annually from the period of\\nimmigration to l s when the resources of the county were fully\\ncomprehended, and their value fully realized, are thus given:\\nYear. Total Taxes Year. Total taxes. Year. Total taxes\\nis;:, 203.6 3 1846 10580.86 1856 37,735.41\\n1836 2,444.62 1847 8708.86 1857 40, 29.95\\n1887 2,773.53 1848 9601.27 1858 41,605.92\\n1838 3,158.25 1849 9225.02 1859 47,356.51\\n1839 3,925.74 1850 10853 06 1860 59,755.12;\\n1840 3.036.18 1851 17206.80 1861 65,332.09\\n1841 4,003.25 1852 13,208.62 1862 66,457.14\\n1842 4,546.81 1853 22,316 .33 1863 86,516.01\\n1843 5,975.09 1854 28,775.22 1864 112,699.86\\n1844 7,131.69 1855 30,489.77 1865 178,525.97\\n1845 8,656.73\\nIn 1S66 there was an increase of $20,080.22 over the amount\\nraised in 1865, and the year following an advance of $31,971.54\\nover that of 1866, being $230,577.73.\\nRECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES.\\nThe financial condition of the county at the beginning of the\\nyear 1881, together with the sums received as taxes, and the\\namount expended, are exhibited in the following statement mad*\\nby County Treasurer J. C. Valentine, December 1, 1880:\\nDEBIT.\\nJan. 1, To Cash on Hand and in Bank\\nDec. 31, Total Receipts for the year,\\nCONTRA OB.\\nDec. 31. By Total Disbursements for the year 1880,\\nAm t in Metropolitan Nat. Bank, N. Y.\\nAin t Geo. L. Burrows Co. s Bank,\\nSaginaw\\nAm t in 1st National Bank, Saginaw.\\nAm t in 2d Nat. Bank, East Saginaw.\\nAin t Currency on Hand\\nAm t Coin on Hand\\nTotal\\nBEOEEPT8.\\nTaxes\\nRedemptions\\nOffice Charges and Collection Fees\\nLiquor Taxes\\nEast Saginaw City Tax\\nInterest on East Saginaw City Tax\\nOffice Charges and Collection Fees on East Saginaw\\nity Tax 335 33\\n15,737 12\\n132,931 07\\n$148,668 Id\\n$131,533 72\\n100 25\\n..517 58\\n5,500 00\\n5,673 25\\n281 00\\n62 39\\n$148,668 19\\n$12,783 95\\n7,080 47\\n810 57\\n35,298 80\\n6,922 15\\n418 52", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0457.jp2"}, "458": {"fulltext": "456\\nHISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAdvertising Fees on East Saginaw City Tax 19 00\\nTownships and Cities Acc t Tax 1879 56,425 23\\nDrain Taxes collected 789 70\\nInterest etc, Taxes collected 1,086 07\\nRejected Tax collected 8 19\\nBills Receivable 406 66\\nPrimary School Fund 8,240 51\\nLibrary Funds 1,186 28\\nPoor Fund 233 94\\nKeeping Prisoners 66 48\\nCircuit Court Expenses 681 50\\nContingent Fund 33 14\\nCounty Institute Fund 159 58\\nTotal Receipts for the year 1880 $132,931 07\\nDISBURSEMENTS.\\nState of Michigan $15,001 86\\nPoor Fund 13,677 21\\nStationery 488 26\\nPrinting 1,122 05\\nFuel, Light and Janitor 1,145 66\\nPursuit, Arrest and Trial of Criminals 7,241 03\\nKeeping Prisoners 3,051 27\\nTransportation of Convicts 10 00\\nCircuit Court Expense 7,999 50\\nCoroner s Inquest 557 48\\nExpense Account 96 65\\nLibrary Fund 475 00\\nJudge of Probate 1,300 00\\nProsecuting Attorney 1,500 00\\nCounty Treasurer 2,750 00\\nCounty Clerk 1,150 00\\nCircuit Court Stenographer 1,200 00\\nSuperintendents of County Poor 400 00\\nLiquor Tax 34,957 50\\nContingent Fund 2,288 74\\nCounty Institute Fund 195 75\\nEast Saginaw City Tax 6,701 30\\nOffice Charges and Collection Fees on East\\nSaginaw City Tax 323 5\\nDetroit House of Correction 454 79\\nExpense of Board of Supervisors 2,970 40\\nAgricultural Societies 798 26\\nPrimary School Fund 8,240 51\\nInterest on Bonds 10,050 00\\nCondemned School Lands 25 00\\nApprehension of Criminals 40 40\\nTowns and Cities Account of Taxes 3,157 96\\nDrain Tax 1,040 04\\nPoor Fund 263 58\\nBridges 850 00\\nTotal Disbursements for the year 1880 $131,533 72\\nLAND UNDER CULTIVATION, AND CROPS.\\nThe number of acres of improved land in 1860 was 18,048, and\\nin 1870, 33,385. The value of crops in 1860 was $165,380, and in\\n1870 $690,382. The average of wheat in 1880 was 21,876, yield-\\ning 440,524 bushels, or 20.14 bushels to the acre. Acreage in\\nMay, 1881, 26,795. The land devoted to grain crops of all kinds\\nan 1SQ0 was about double that of 1870.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0458.jp2"}, "459": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAi.IXAW COUNTY.\\n457\\nPOPULATION.\\nThe following returns deal with the townships of the county\\nunder the old limits, until 1850. From 1S60 forward the returns\\ndeal exclusively with Saginaw county, as now known:\\nL884 Census of Saginaw township _ 3Q3\\ntaken by Orison Allen\\n1886. Saginaw, Bay, Tuscola, Midland, Gratiot, Isabella 900\\n920\\n18 1 Baginaw county fold boundaries) 892\\nI860. Baginaw, Bay, Midland and Tuscola 2,865\\n1860. I s. censusof Baginaw Co 12,758\\n1864. State census of Baginaw Co 19,675\\n1870 U. S. census of Saginaw Co 39,095\\nThe population of the county as given in the U. S. census returns\\nof L880, was 59,095.\\nPOPULATION BY TOWN8HIP8.\\nTOWNS.\\nOrgan-\\nized.\\n1850\\n1860\\n1870\\n18:0\\nybee\\n1863\\n1853\\n1856\\n858\\n1848\\n1850\\n1866\\n1866\\n1845\\n1859\\n1854\\nis.-, 7\\n1876\\n1873\\n1877\\n1867\\n1879\\n1862\\n1830\\n1857\\n1858\\n1860\\n1842\\nism\\n1854\\n197\\n925\\n1,074\\n471\\n331\\n1,171\\n1,005\\n1,564\\n258\\n1,507\\n11,350\\n1,488\\n170\\n553\\n374\\n251\\n662\\n557\\n278\\n88\\n491\\n231\\n1 ,585\\nBrady\\n1,396\\n1 i 62\\n904\\n1,(140\\n1,727\\n1,756\\n549\\nChesaning\\n122\\n538\\n3,001\\n1,082\\n62\\n2,059\\n19, i65\\n1,692\\n4-4\\n582\\n372\\nKochville\\n658\\n1,070\\n1,7\u00c2\u00bb7\\n194\\n201\\n505\\n1,378\\n171\\n466\\n1,004\\n7,4 iO\\n2,117\\n1,185\\n427\\n638\\n697\\n864\\n1,153\\n645\\n917\\n53\\n341\\n879\\n1,699\\n216\\n505\\n305\\n443\\n513\\n186\\n1,357\\n10,444\\n423\\n1.564\\nSwan Creek\\n333\\nTav mi ulh\\n1,157\\nl,(i47\\n1,500\\nZil waukee\\n1,630\\n2,063\\n12.493\\n39,098\\n59,138\\nThese figures are generally accepted as correct; but many in-\\ncline to the opinion that within the year ending June, 1881, from\\n3,000 to 5,000 people have been added to the population. The\\ntransient character of the lumberers and others, may however tend\\nto an acceptance of the figures 60,000 as a correct representation\\nof the actual population of the countv in L880.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0459.jp2"}, "460": {"fulltext": "458\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nINDIANS.\\nThe time has passed away forever, when the Chippewa nation as-\\nsembled in their numbers on their great camp ground by the waters\\nof the Saginaw. Whisky, internecine warfare, disease and remov-\\nal have all joined in the partial annihilation of a once powerful tribe.\\nWithin limits which 60 years ago contained an aboriginal popula-\\ntion of 3,000, to-day only 287 representatives of the tribe can be\\nfound. Of this number, 77 dwell in the township of St. Charles,\\nseven in Albee; 126 in Tay mouth; 18 in Swan River; eight in\\nJames; one in Zilwaukee; 46 in Buena Vista; one at Saginaw\\nCity, and three at East Saginaw. Only a few of this remnant of\\nthat race remember the primeval wilderness through which their\\nfathers roamed; yet they see enough to remind them of what their\\ncountry was, to know what it is, and what it will be under the new\\nrace.\\nSCHOOL CENSUS.\\nFor the purpose of this reference to the schools, it will be nec-\\nessary to give only the following figures, dealing with the school\\ncensus of 1881, the apportionment of primary school moneys, and\\nthe number of children considered in making such apportionment:\\nNo. of No. of\\nchildren children Amount\\nin school in appor- appor-\\nTownships. census. tionrnent. tioned.\\nAlbee 167 167 177 02\\nBirch Run 509 509 539 54\\nBlumfield 513 513 543 78\\nBrady 423 423 448 38\\nBrant 334 334 354 04\\nBridgeport 605 605 64130\\nBuena Vista 637 637 675 22\\nCarrollton 482 482 510 92\\nChapin 272 272 288 32\\nChesaning 414 414 438 84\\nChesaning Village 301- 301 319 06\\nEast Saginaw City 5,885 5,885 6,238 10\\nFrankenmuth 654 654 693 24\\nFremont 144 144 152 64\\nJames 103 103 109 18\\nJonesfield 112 112 118 72\\nKochville. 773 546 578 76\\nLakefield 61 47 49 82\\nMaple Grove 459 459 468 54\\nMarion 15\\nRichland 252 252 207 12\\nSaginaw 449 449 475 94\\nSaginaw City 3,283 3,283 3,479 98\\nSpalding 122 122 129 32\\nSt Charles 438 438 464 28\\nSwan Creek 120 120 127 20\\nTaymouth 404 404 428 24\\nThomastown 373 373 395 38\\nTittabawassee 456 456 483 3ft\\nZilwaukee 503 503 533 18\\nTotals. 19,263 19,007 $20,147 42", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0460.jp2"}, "461": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n459\\nMAKKIAt.K KKCOKD.\\nThe first marriage celebrated in the township of Saginaw within\\nthe pioneer period, was that of Ariel Campeau and Madeline\\nMashos, in l s -i- and the second that of Thomas Barger and\\nSally Foster, the same year. The record of marriages, since the\\ncounty was organized, does not extend further back than 1835.\\nSince that time, however, matrimony lias generally enjoyed a\\nErosperous run, though at times the market was very dull.\\nMiring the years lS35- 7 there were only 14 actual marriages re-\\ncorded. This doubtless was due in a great measure to the embar-\\nrassment causo 1 by the great failure of 1836- 7. In 1838 our boys\\nand girls appeared to have recovered from the fear which the hard\\ntimes engendered, for during that year no less than 13 couples\\nwere united. Henceforth youth took courage, and within the\\nperiod of 46 years which have elapsed since the organization of\\nthe county, 14,948 persons have made the great venture of life.\\nDrink, extravagance and folly have led to the dissolution of the\\nmarriage contract in many cases.\\nThe number of couples married each year in Saginaw county is\\nas follows\\n1885.\\nL886.\\nL887.\\n1838.\\n1830.\\n1840.\\n1841.\\n1842.\\n1844.\\n1846.\\n1847.\\n1848.\\n1849.\\n1850.\\n1851.\\n1852-\\n1853.\\n1854.\\n1855.\\nL856.\\nis;,:.\\n1858.\\n24\\n12\\n35\\n35\\n52\\n83\\n74\\n72\\n99\\n.107\\n82\\n69\\n1859.\\n1800.\\n1861.\\n1862.\\n1863\\n1864.\\n1865.\\n1866.\\n1867.\\n1868.\\n1869.\\n1870.\\n71\\n63\\n85\\n.102\\n.129\\n.167\\n.182\\n.205\\n.281\\n.396\\n.376\\n.324\\n1871\\n1872....\\n1873\\n1874.\\n1875\\n1876\\n1877\\n1878\\n1879\\n1880\\n.373\\n.566\\n.435\\n.442\\n.358\\n400\\n.332\\n.396\\n.471\\n.499\\nTotal 7,474\\nThere are many peculiar reminiscences associated with the mat-\\nrimonial afiairs of this as well as other counties. In olden times\\nmen and women were not so precise in expression as the people of\\nour day, nor did they seem to possess that sagacity which would\\nlead them to avoid what would give subject for idle gossip to the\\nvillage wags. This will be evident from perusal of the following\\nBketcn one of the many connected with the matrimonial events\\nof the past\\nHigh hopes that burn like stars sublime are supposed to possess\\nthe heart of every lover, when the moment arrives for him to de-\\nposite a dollar and a half with the county clerk, in payment for a\\npermit to marry the girl of his choice. He feels that he is sure of\\npossessing the loveliest of her sex, and that in a few more days\\nearth will not be big enough to contain the happiness of himself\\nand his fair partner. Entre la main et la bouche souvent se perd\\nla scntpe, as the Frenchman would say. He has learned some-\\ntimes, when too late. A young man, who fondly imagined that\\nhis happiness was on the point of completion, took out a marriage", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0461.jp2"}, "462": {"fulltext": "460\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nlicense on Christmas day, long, long ago. How and why his\\nhopes were shattered, how grief played upon his heart, and how\\nhis life became a burden, are set forth in the following wail, the\\nuntutored eloquence of sorrow\\nGOT ANOTHER FELLER.\\nTo the County Clerk, Sir, I will send you the licence that you gave me to get\\nmarried with and stat that I was not married for this reason because the girl whos\\nname is on the paper went back on me because she could get another feller his\\nname send them so that you can give him a licence for her but bee sure\\nand get your fee for so doin. No more at present but believe me\\nyours most hart-broken.\\nA score of such epistles might be furnished, all written in the\\nmost primitive form, all bearing testimony to broken hearts and\\nfalse loves; but such a record of all that is ridiculous in marriage\\nformalities is unnecessary. It may, however, be stated that the\\nhart-broken lover met his rival shortly after marriage, and\\ngave him an unmerciful beating.\\nBIRTH RECORD.\\n1867 440\\n1868.. 750\\n1869 1,286\\n1870 969\\n1867 216\\n1868 302\\n1869 457\\n1870 388\\n1871.\\n1872.\\n1873.\\n1874.\\n1871.\\n1872.\\n1873.\\n1874.\\n.1,026\\n.1,231\\n.1,478\\n.2,164\\n1875 1,469\\n1876 1,389\\n1877 1,402\\n1878 1,407\\nDEATH RECORD.\\n.349\\n.449\\n.666\\n.570\\n1875.\\n1876.\\n1877.\\n1878.\\n,532\\n.504\\n.536\\n.513\\n1879 1,320\\nTotal 16,321\\n1879.\\n.710\\nTotal 6,192", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0462.jp2"}, "463": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XVII.\\nTHE COUNTY PRESS\\nThe newspaper press of Saginaw count} may claim to be the\\ntrue exponent of popular ideas, as well as the zealous guardian of\\nlocal interests. Seldom does it extend recognition to terrorism at\\nhome or tyranny abroad, never knowingly, except in very rare\\nwhere ignorance, pure and simple, leads the freeman of this\\nland to become a convert to the school of flunkeyism, or where the\\npeople are so short-sighted as to permit an immigrant newspaper\\nwriter to indulge in eulogies on the magnificence of trans-Atlantic\\npeoples. Sometimes cuttings are made from monarchical papers,\\nthe heading conveying an idea to the busy editor that the article is\\nnewsy, and therefore worthy of space. It appears in the columns\\nof the journal without even a qualifying paragraph, and contributes\\nin a degree to build up a taste for royalty, pageantry, and all such\\nfoolishness, in the hearts of the unthinking portion of our people.\\nSuch trash should not be given to the people. Even though this\\nfulMtme praise of the slave-holding monarchies and all their glit-\\ntering palaces could take serious hold only of imbecile citizens, it\\nis not justice to furnish imbecility with fuel; it is not right to\\nplace before it new subject matter which enables it, however\\nfalsely, to extol the glories and the pageants of principles and\\nmen who casta gloom over the civilization of our day. There is\\nlittle in trans-Atlantic government, in the slavery of seven-eighths\\nof the trans-Atlantic peoples, to commend itself; and the knowledge\\nof this, so prevalent in the United States, is a full safeguard against\\nthe growth of that foolish, if not unnatural, and most pernicious\\nvice commonly called flunkeyism. The people understand their\\nduty to the Republic, and none among them more so than these\\nindefatigable men who identify themselves with the press of this\\ncounty.\\nSpnaw has reaped a rich harvest from the industry and honesty\\nof her newspaper men. All evidences point out her journalists of\\nthe past to have been as truly honorable as are those of the present\\nflunkeyism was not the attribute of any one of them; they labored\\nearly and late in providing newsy and instructive reading for their\\nconstituents; and if at any time a ridiculous eulogy on all that is\\npolitically and socially false crept into their columns, they were the\\nfirst to denounce the buffoon who penned the lines of undeserved\\npraise. The press conferred inestimable good upon this district;\\nit opposed premature innovations even as it urged necessary re-\\nforms; it set its denunciations of tyrannical and arbitrary measures\\nin black letter, stigmatized moral cowardice, and claimed that from\\n(461)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0463.jp2"}, "464": {"fulltext": "462 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthe village council room to the chambers of the national govern-\\nment vice should be subjected to rebuke and punishment, and\\nvirtue doubly cherished.\\nHere the press is synonymous with progress. Proscribe its\\nliberty and the nation suffers. Few liberties had been won in the\\nlong struggle for human freedom, involving more far-reaching and\\nmomentous consequences than that which secured the constitu-\\ntional guaranty of freedom of speech and of the press. The antag-\\nonism between a despotic government and the printing press is\\nnatural and intense. The human heart loved applause. It did\\nnot feed willingly on the bitter herbs of censure. Neither king nor\\npresident, neither cardinal nor general, desired a sharp and impar-\\ntial review of his official acts, and submitted with grace to accom-\\npanying reproof. The exercise of power bred confidence in the\\nhearts of rulers, and begot an impatience of criticism, especially\\nfrom unofficial sources. Hence there was a natural inclination to\\nrestrain what those high in authority might deem an unwarrant-\\nable freedom in the discussion of public affairs; but, on the other\\nhand, the subjects of the government naturally desired to discuss its\\nproceedings, complain of grievances, and suggest reforms. Free\\nthought and free speech were of small avail without free publica-\\ntion, and to suppress publication was to prevent practical results.\\nThus there was an irrepressible conflict between oppressive govern-\\nment, whatever its form, and the public press. In a despotic state\\nthe government exercised a censorship over the press, while in a\\nfree country the case was reversed, and the press exercised a cen-\\nsorship over the government. Both kinds of censorship were liable\\nto abuse, but judging the future by the past, the excesses of the\\npress for a thousand years would be trifling in comparison with\\nthe iniquities of government censure for a single generation. If the\\npeople were to govern, or take any active or intelligent part in the\\ngovernment, they must know the facts on which public officials act\\nand be able to express their opinions of public measures as events\\ntranspire. And those who were intrusted with the administration\\nthe government would favor, if they truly desired to promote the\\ngeneral welfare in accordance with the public will, the most free\\nand efficient means of communication with those for whose sake\\nthe government exists. That means was the newspaper. No sub-\\nstitute for it had yet been devised none could be imagined.\\nThus the newspaper was one of the most important agencies\\nof free government. Without its aid in informing and arous-\\ning the people, the government of the United States could\\nneither have raised the armies nor commanded the pecuniary\\nmeans required to win the great struggle for Nationality and\\nUnion. The modern newspaper was not merely a private\\nenterprise; it was as truly a public institution as the rail-\\nway and the telegraph; and enlightened jurisprudence would\\ndeclare that the public newspaper, encouraged and protected by\\nthe highest guarantees of constitutional law as indispensable to", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0464.jp2"}, "465": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 463\\nfree government, was subject, not to the narrow and rigid rules\\nwhich applied to merely private callings, but to broad and equita-\\nble principals springing out of its relation to the public and its\\nduty to serve the people in the collection and publication of in-\\nformation relating to all their interests. The business of journal-\\nism was no longer a mere incident to the printer s trade. It had\\nbecome a great and learned profession with honored fraternal\\ninizations. The Government should also consider that the\\nnewspaper was. after all due allowance for our system of schools,\\nthe great educator of the masses of the people. And it was also\\nthe great agency of progress in all reforms. Acting harmoniously\\nin their respective spheres, free government and the free press were\\njoint conservators of law. order and peace; each the most powerful\\nupholder of the other. The press and the bar, as well as the people\\nand the (Government of the United States, are all dependent upon one\\nanother, with the press as the leader. Therefore let us cherish the\\nnewspapers, stigmatizing what ma} 7 be corrupt in them, and ap-\\nplauding all that is just. This is due b} r the people to the people\\nand the press.\\nTHE SAGINAW JOURNAL\\nwas the first newspaper published in the Valley. The press and\\ntvpe were brought here in 1836 by Norman Little, and imme-\\ndiately the Pioneer Journal was started, under John P. Hosmer,\\nwith Norman Little as proprietor and Jkfr. Hosmer, editor. Mr.\\nBosmer was manager until L837, when he left for Pennsylvania,\\nand Hiram L. .Miller was appointed editor. In 1838 the office was\\nsold, and a paper started immediately, with J. K. Avery as editor.\\nOf all the men who were connected with this pioneer newspaper,\\nMr. Miller alone remains among the people in whose interest it\\nwas published.\\nTHE NORTH STAR.\\nThis journal was issued in 1844 by R. W. Jenny. It was a\\nfour-page quarto sheet, devoted principally to an exposition of the\\nprinciples of a Democratic republic. The little journal existed for\\na few years, during which time it gave battle to Whiggism, the\\nworld, and all enemies of the Valley of the Saginaw.\\nRoyal \\\\V Jenny immigrated to Michigan in 1831, and settled at\\nDetroit; entering a printing office there. In 1840 he projected the\\nLapeer Sentinel, with Henry W. Williams as editor. In 1811 he\\nentered upon the publication of the Saginaw North Star, being\\nhimself both editor and printer. He filled the offices of town clerk,\\nsuperintendent of the poor and assistant postmaster to G. D.\\nWilliam^, of Saginaw City. In February, 1847, he married Mrs.\\nSophia A. Hill. Two years later Mr. Jenny moved to Flint,\\nwhere ho published the Genesee Democrat.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0465.jp2"}, "466": {"fulltext": "464 HISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTHE SPIRIT OF THE TIMES.\\nThis newspaper was projected by L. G. Jones after Mr.\\nJ enny s departure for Flint, in March, 1850. It was published\\nuninterruptedly from 1850 to 1860. The Weekly Courier, estab-\\nlished by the veteran journalist, Geo. F. Lewis, June 16, 1859, as\\na Democratic newspaper, succeeded the Spirit of the Times in popu-\\nlar esteem.\\nTHE SAGINAW ENTERPRISE\\nwas established in 1853 by F. A. Williamson and A. J. Mason.\\nThis was the first journal started at East Saginaw, and like all\\nsuch enterprises was inaugurated under most favorable circum-\\nstances. The citizens tendered it a hearty support; and so pros-\\nperity waited upon the office for a time; but owing to some fault\\nwithin the office, or defection without, the Enterprise dwindled\\ndown to an insignificant sheet, published occasionally. In 1855\\nWilliamson and Mason s interests were purchased by Perry Joslin,\\nwho raised it to a very respectable position among the journals of\\nMichigan. In 1864 Francis Parth purchased an interest in the\\nconcern, and a year later a very important addition was made.\\nCol. C. V. DeLand, of Jackson, purchased an interest, and took\\ncharge of the editorial department of the paper in July, 1865.\\nThe same year the J)aily Enterprise was inaugurated. In 1866 the\\nDaily Enterprise Publishing Co. was formed, with a capital stock\\nof $25,000. The staff of the new journal comprised Col. DeLand,\\nmanaging editor; Perry* Joslin, local editor, and A. W. Abbey,\\nbusiness manager. Two years later I. H. Kimberly, C. B. Head-\\nley and E. P. Foote, formed the staff, Col. De Land retiring on\\naccount of his health. In 1870 the paper passed under the man-\\nagement of Dr. Fish, of Flint, and C. K. Pobinson, of East Sag-\\ninaw, with Miss C. N. Buchannan, assistant. These gentlemen\\nsold their interest in it to A. L. Warren, in 1873 Financial ruin\\nwaited on the new management and the office was sold by the\\nsheriff in May, 1874.\\nTHE SAGINAW REPUBLICAN\\nwas established Jan. 1, 1857, at Saginaw City, by Milo Blair and\\nCharles II. Day; published continuously until 1865 when it passed\\ninto the proprietorship of Edwin Saunders and W. H. H. Bartram,\\nwho changed its name to the Sagina/w Valley Herald. In 1866\\nPeter C. Andre purchased it, and again in 1868, after Col.\\nDe Land s retirement from the Enterprise, it was purchased by him\\nand the name changed to the Saginaw Republican. In 1869, F. A.\\nPalmer purchased an interest in the journal, and published it (by\\nF. A. Palmer Co. until 1874, when the office was removed\\nto East Saginaw and the Daily Republican started as an afternoon\\npaper.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0466.jp2"}, "467": {"fulltext": "BI8T0EY 01 SAGINAW IOINTV. 465\\nIn August, L876, the Republica/n was changed to a morning\\npaper. Sept. 1. L878, it was sold to the Herald Printing Co., and\\nthe uame changed to\\nSAGINAW HERALD.\\nThe new company was organized with Wm. F. Clark as presi-\\ndent, Col. C. V. De I. and. general manager and editor. The local\\neditors of the Herald^ since its establishment comprised G-. R.\\nOsman, W. II. II. Bertram, J. W. Fitzmanrice, Thomas McKee,\\nT. W. Busby, K. F. Lain- F. B. SmithandW. C. Cunningham.\\nMrs. E. M. Nye, now Mrs. Lathrop, Mrs. A. .M. Garrigues, and\\nMiss Alice Smith, have assisted on the editorial staff. During the\\nlast campaign the Herald cast its influence with the Blaine party\\nand opposed that of Grant.\\nol. Charles Victor De Land, editor of the Herahh was born at\\nNorth Brookfield, Worcester Co., Mass., July 25, 1826, and. is a\\nson of William R. and Mary i. (Keith) De Land, whose early\\nancestry were French Protestants, and were driven from France,\\nBettling in Massachusetts, in 1634. William R. departed with Ins\\nfamily, from North Brookfield, March IS, 1830, and came to\\nMichigan in a lumber wagon, with the exception of the ride\\nacross Lake Erie, in a lake vessel. Mr. De Land located at Jackson,\\nMichigan, and was one of the pioneers of Jackson county. Victor\\nwas reared and educated at Jackson, and in the fall of 1836, entered\\nthe office of the pioneer paper of Jackson, officiating as devil\\nin the mornings and evenings, and attending school during the\\nday. In February, 1840, the office changed hands, the proprietor,\\nNicholas Sullivan, being succeeded by Moore Hitchcock, with\\nwhom he remained as an apprentice until 1S43. Mr. DeLand\\nthen traveled as a jour for four years, working at Detroit,\\nBuffalo, Rochester. ew York, and other cities, but returned to\\nMichigan in 1*47. In August, 1 848, in connection with A. A. Dow-\\nance, be established the Jackson Citizen. Mr. Dowance retired\\nfrom the firm in L850, and Mr. I), continued to publish the paper\\nuntil the fall of 1861, when the office and business was purchased\\nby P. J. Avery. Mr. De Land then organized Co. C. of the 9th\\nMich. Vol. Inf.. at Jackson, and was elected its Captain.\\nThey were mustered into the U. S. service at Fort Wayne, Mich.,\\nand assigned to the army of the Cumberland. Capt. DeLand\\nwas captured July 12, 1862, by Oen. Forrest s cavalry, and kept\\nprisoner at Atlanta. Madison, Ga., Columbia, S. C., and Libby\\nprison in Richmond, until the following October, when he was\\nreleased on parol, and exchanged the next month. On Jan. 6,\\n1863, he received a commission as Colonel, with orders to return\\ni Michigan, and organize the 1st Mich. Sharpshooters. At that\\ntime no draft was pending, and Col. DeLand raised the regiment\\nlargely by his own efforts and means, placing it in the field July\\n1. 1863, at a cost of over s:i. i to himself. The regiment was\\nordered to assist in stopping the celebrated John Morgan raid.\\n28", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0467.jp2"}, "468": {"fulltext": "466 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nand participated in all the exciting scenes of that event. They\\nthen returned to Detroit, to quell the negro riots, and to protect\\nthe frontier from rebel invasions from Canada. In September Col.\\nDe Land was ordered with his regiment to Camp Douglas,\\nChicago, and remained there in charge of the post, which contained\\nsome 12,000 rebel prisoners, until March 18, 1864. During the\\nremainder of 1864- 5, the regiment was engaged in Virginia, and\\nparticipated at the final capture of Petersburg, April 3, 4, 1 864.\\nCol. De Land s regiment was the first to enter the city, and the\\nMayor surrendered to them the keys to the City Hall. The regi-\\nment suffered severely at the mine explosion and at Ft. Pegoam,\\nwhere Col. De Land was left on the field, supposed to have been\\nmortally wounded, and was captured by the rebels. He was\\nexchanged in about 10 days, and lay five months in a hospital at\\nAnnapolis, Md., and during this time was brevetted Brig. Gen.,\\non account of meritorious conduct, but was unable to take an active\\ncommand in the field. At the close of the war, Col. De Land\\ncame to East Saginaw (1865), where he subsequently established\\nthe Daily Enterprise. From 1848 to the present time, Col.\\nDe Land has been identified with the political interests of this\\nState. He entered politics as a Whig, casting his maiden vote for\\nGen. Zachary Taylor. In 1854 he became an earnest advocate\\nof the formation of the Republican party, and participated in its\\nbirth, at the city of Jackson, in July, 1854. On the accession of\\nthat party to power, in the State, Col. De Land s services were\\nrecognized by making him Clerk of the Legislature in 1865, and\\nChief Clerk in the House of Representatives of 1867 and 69. In\\n1860, he was elected Iron Jackson county to the State Senate,\\nand was the only member of that body to volunteer and enlist in\\nthe cause of the Union at the commencement of the war. He\\nrepresented the Saginaw district in the State Senate during the\\nsessions of 1873- 4, and in 1875, was appointed collector of Inter-\\nnal Revenues of the 6th District of Michigan, faithfully discharg-\\ning the duties of that office till June 30, 1881, when he resigned.\\nHe was married at Jackson, Mich., May 4, 1859, to Mary E.,\\ndaughter of L. G. Perry, of Jackson. They have five children\\nliving and two deceased. Mrs. DeLand is a member of the Con-\\ngregational Church and largely engaged in mission work. She is\\nalso connected with the W. C. T. (J., and other temperance or-\\nganizations, and is a graduate of Albion College, Mich.\\nTHE WEEKLY COURIER.\\nGeo. F. Lewis established the Weekly Courier in 1859, and\\nissued the first number June 16, of that year. This veteran journal-\\nist of the Saginaw was joined in 1863 by Major E. W. Lyon.\\nTBE DAILY COURIER\\nwas inaugurated in March, 1868, by Geo. F. Lewis. B. M. Thomp-\\nson. E. TV Lvon and Joseph Seaman. In 187:2 W. H. Edwards", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0470.jp2"}, "469": {"fulltext": "HI8TOBY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 407\\npurchased a controlling interest in this important journal, and\\ngradually raised it to the position of a truly metropolitan news-\\npaper. Edward De Forest Cowles, the editor of the Courier, is\\nacknowledged to be one of the most industrious and able newspaper\\nmen in the Stare.\\nWilliam II. Edwards, general manager and principal stockholder\\nof the Saginaw Daily Courier, was born in Fairfield county,\\nConn., Sept. 25, 1816. In this county he resided with his parents\\nuntil he attained hifi majority, when he removed, in 1 Q 37, to Niagara\\ncounty, N. Y.j where he carried on the business of farming until\\n1^44. Having learned the business of woolen manufacturing\\nprevious to moving to New York in L844, he embarked in this indus-\\ntry, which received his attention until 1848; then to the manufactur-\\ning business he added lumbering, and the latter business he has\\ncarried onto the present time, having a lumber r ard at Tonawanda,\\nN. V. In 1802 Mr. Edwards removed to East Saginaw, and em-\\nbarked extensively in lumbering and the manufacture of shingles.\\nIn 1 872 he assumed a controlling interest in the Daily Courier,\\nwhich at that time was just getting on its feet and was in an impecu-\\nnious condition. He continued the publication of the paper under\\nadverse circumstances, and has lived to see it firmly established,\\nf)laced upon a paying basis, and at the same time develop into the\\nargest and most widely read newspaper in the State, with the ex-\\nception of three newspapers published in Detroit.\\nEdward I )e Forest Cowles was born in Wayne county, N. Y.,\\nDec. 6, 1844, received a common-school education, and when 16\\nyears of age, commenced learning the trade of printer in the office\\nof the Oswego Advertiser and Times. On the breaking out of\\nthe war of the Rebellion he enlisted, and served in the Western army\\nthroughout the entire struggle, being mustered out of the service\\nAug. 1, 1865. lie then resumed the printing business and worked\\nin the offices of the Pontiac (Mich.) Jacksonian, the Lapeer\\nion and Flint Citizen. In 1870 he removed to Bay City and\\nworked on the Weekly Journal at that place as a compositor, and\\nsubsequently as local editor; published the Wenona Herald and\\nBay City Herald a short time, and in 1873 came to East Saginaw\\nand assumed position of city editor of the Daily Enterprise. In\\nMarch. l v 74, he assumed editorial management of the Saginaw\\nDoily Courier, which he has continued to the present time. He\\nhas also for a number of years represented several metropolitan\\njournals as correspondent.\\nMr. Cowles was presented with an elegant portrait of himself by\\nsome of his East Saginaw friends June 6, 1881. It was executed\\nby Prof. Herman Meiser, and was a pleasant surprise to the gentle-\\nman who fills the editorial chair. The presentation was made by\\nT. E. Tarsney, one of the leading lawyers of the State.\\nTHE EVENING- EXPRESS,\\nthe first number of which was issued April 29, 1881, by Messrs.\\nhicCall Strong, is a newsy evening paper, fully in keeping\\nwith the enterprise of its proprietors and supporters.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0471.jp2"}, "470": {"fulltext": "468 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nJohn Gaylord McCall was born in Mumford, Monroe Co., N.\\nY., April 2, 1844. In 1851 he removed with his parents to a farm\\nin the township of Camillus, Onondaga Co., and at the age of 14\\nentered the service of Knapp, Smith Co., Camillus, as clerk.\\nIn 1863 he removed to New York city to take a position as clerk\\nin the office of B. W. Blanchard, general freight agent of the Erie\\nRailway Co., where he remained a year. From this until 1873 he\\noccupied various positions in various places. May 1, 1873, he ac-\\ncepted a position on the local staff of the East Saginaw Daily\\nEnterprise, remaining there until the fall of the same year, when\\nhe accepted a similar position on the Bay City Chronicle. He\\nfilled this position acceptably about a year, and then became con-\\nnected with the staff of the Daily Courier, East Saginaw. After\\ntwo years service in this relation he accepted his present position.\\nHe also publishes the Saginaw Advertiser, a railway publication,\\nand is one of the publishers of the Evening Express, an afternoon\\nnewspaper issued in East Saginaw, the first number of which came\\nout April 29, 1881.\\nTHE SAGINAW VALLEY NEWS,\\na weekly journal started July 9, 1874, has* been continuously pub-\\nlished to the present time. It is an eight-page newspaper, four\\npages devoted to local news, editorials and advertisements, and four\\npages to general news and select reading. It is one of the most\\nwelcome visitors to the household, and like the younger daily\\nreceives a fair share of patronage.\\nTHE DAILY NEWS\\nwas first published Sept. 10, 1877, by Charles H. Lee, editor of the\\nSaginaiv Valley News. The local columns are generally replete\\nwith newsy paragraphs, the editorials are carefully written, the\\ngeneral news columns liberal, and the literary department well\\nselected. The paper is published in the afternoon of every lawful\\nworking day, and meets with a good subscription and advertising\\npatronage.\\nTHE SAGINAWIAN\\nis a Democratic journal, published once a week. The first number\\nwas issued May 1,1869, with Geo. F. Lewis, proprietor and editor.\\nFor the last 12 years this newspaper has been published continu-\\nously by him. In April, 1881, he became proprietor of the Demo-\\ncratic daily of Bay City, and since that time may be said to make\\nthe latter city his home.\\nGeo. F. Lewis was born in Harvard, Worcester county, Mass.,\\nJune 7, 1828; came with his father, mother, a sister and one brother\\nto Michigan landing at Mt. Clemens, Macomb county, in 1835.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0472.jp2"}, "471": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 469\\nHe set the first type in the Macomb Statesman office,\\nthen edited by the late Hon. John N. Ingersoll, proprietor. In\\nl-:; lie was folder and carrier for the Mt. Clemens Patriot.\\nlie made the journey to Lake Superior with the late Gen. John\\nStockton, U. S. Mineral Agent, in 1^45. Four weeks were whiled\\naway in making the trip from Detroit to Copper Harbor. Return-\\ning, lie went east, taking a 5U0-pound box of black oxide of copper\\nthrough from Detroit to New York, and later took a 1,360 pound\\nBpecimen block of chunk oxide of copper, out of the Mine\\nriver, near Copper Harbor, from New York to Boston, personally\\nivising its removal from the house of Phelps, Dodge Co. to\\nthe Sound steamer. During the winter of 1S45- 6 and the spring\\nof 1^46 he was clerk in the general store of D. Shook, Mt. Clemens,\\nlie again visited Lake Superior in the spring of 1846, where he re-\\nmained exploring and keeping location all summer. He carried\\non that trip a letter of introduction from Hon. Geo. C. Bates to the\\nlate Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune, and met with the\\nkindest treatment from that celebrated journalist, who was standing\\nat his desk writing when Mr. Lewis entered the office.\\nlie returned to Lake Superior in the spring of 1846, where he\\nremained until November, when he entered the employ of the late\\nThomas M. Perry, of the Mt. Clemens Patriot, as apprentice, and\\nimmediate successor of Charles S. Leonard, now of Knight\\nLeonard, job printers of Chicago. He continued with Mr. Perry\\nuntil the summer of 1848, when he again entered commercial life\\nat Mt. Clemens.\\nIn July, 1848, he took a position on the Daily Commercial\\nBulletin, then just started in Detroit by the late Col Munger and\\nGeorge W. Pattison, who is still living. lie helped to put in type\\nthe first news of a Presidential election that ever came by telegraph\\nthat of Gen. Zachary Taylor, in 1848. He worked in the State\\nprinting office for Munger Pattison at Lansing during the winter\\nof 1848- 9. lie entered on the publication of the Macomb county\\nHemld, a weekly Whig newspaper, in May, 1849, which he con-\\ntinued until May, 1851.\\nAs one of the Deputy Marshals of the county he took the census\\nof eight towns in Macomb county in 1850, being well qualified\\nfor this position, as he had assisted his father in taking the State\\ncensus in 1845. In the spring of 1851 he started the Port Huron\\nCommercial, as a Whig journal, changing it subsequently to a\\nDemocratic newspaper. This he published until the spring of\\n1855. In September, 1855, he bought the Peninsular Advocate,\\na Democratic paper, published at Mt. Clemens, and continued it\\nuntil the summer of 1859. This paper was continued as a weekly\\nunder his exclusive control until 1863, when Mr. Lewis became\\nassociated with Maj. E. W. Lyon in its publication. He continued\\nwith Major Lyon until 1S67, when B. M. Thompson bought an\\ninterest. In March. 1868, the Daily Courier was started by Geo.\\nF. Lewis, E. W. Lyon. B. M. Thompson and Joseph Leeman, and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0473.jp2"}, "472": {"fulltext": "470 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncontinued until December of same year, when it was sold to B. M.\\nThompson, and the job office subsequently disposed of to the Sag-\\ninaw Enterprise Publishing Company.\\nMr. Lewis was postmaster at Mt. Clemens from 1856 to 1859;\\nMayor of Saginaw City from 1877 to 1879; started in company\\nwith his son, Arthur T. Lewis, the Mt. Pleasant Journal, in Au-\\ngust, 1880, and is now proprietor of the Daily Morning Call at\\nBay City. Mr. Gleeson is the local editor of his Saginaw Journal.\\nThroughout a period bordering on half a century this veteran\\njournalist has been connected with the press of this State. Public\\nopinion points him out as a man who has fulfilled not only every\\nduty of citizenship, but also discharged in a conscientious manner\\nall the sacred duties which can be performed only by the honest\\njournalist. Throughout the political contests of the past 40 years,\\nand more particularly of the last quarter century, the influence of\\nhis journal has been felt and approved. He is still in the summer\\nof his life, full of journalistic energy, and one of the most favorably\\nknown rrten in the Valley of the Saginaw.\\nTHE SAGINAW ZEITUNG\\nwas established in 1868 by the then existing Enterprise Com-\\npany, that published a paper by this name at the time. The\\nnumerous Germans in the V alley felt the need of a German paper\\nvery much, and induced the said company to start the paper by\\nguarantying a large advertising patronage.\\nThe Saginaw Zeitung was the first German paper in the State\\noutside of Detroit. The paper not long afterward passed into the\\nhands of Anthony Schmitz, a prominent German citizen, and was\\nmanaged by him until his death, which occurred in the fall of 1869.\\nThen the trustees of the so-called Schmitz endowment fund\\nmanaged the paper until February, 1870, when Mr. Constantin\\nBeierle, for many years connected with the German press in De-\\ntroit, bought the paper from the trustees. In 1872 he organized\\na joint-stock company called The Saginawer Zeitung Company,\\nand the paper is still published under the firm name, although it\\nis generally understood that Mr. Beierle bought nearly all the 200\\nshares back again.\\nAnother German paper was started in 1871, but the field not\\nbeing large enough it was obliged to suspend, after being pub-\\nlished six months. One year later a German paper was started at\\nBay City, called the Bay City Pioneer, and appeared for about\\na year. It was then bought up by the Zeitung company and pub-\\nlished by it for six months. It was then consolidated with the\\nZeitwig, and its own name suppressed.\\nThe Saginawer Zeitung has been in a prosperous condition for\\nyears, and is circulated extensively not only in Saginaw, but also\\nthroughout most of the State. It is published on Thursday of\\neach week. Since March 1 a Sunday paper has been published", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0474.jp2"}, "473": {"fulltext": "HISTORY 01 BAGINAW COUNTY. !71\\nby the company called the Sagmcmer Sonntagblatt, which\\nappears to Bupply a long-felt want.\\nThe e litor and manager of the Sagmawer Zt ifomg, Mr. Constan-\\nrin Beierle, was born in Rottweil, Wurtemberg, and acquired a\\ns [education. He came to this country in L850, at the age of\\n18, learned the trade of tombstone manufacturer, thinking that he\\nwas especially fitted for this by his training in drawing. lie. soon\\nfound oat, however, that wesl of New York, skill in drawing was\\nDot required in the manufacture of tombstones and monuments.\\nHe continued in this occupation, however, much of the time trav-\\neling, until 1857, when he discovered that the business was im-\\npairing his health. The following year he became business\\nmanager of the newly started daily and weekly Michigan\\nstunt*-;, ItuiKj. published at Detroit. In 1859 he became a partner\\nin the business, and the paper was published by the firm of\\nDe Haas S: Beierle until 1854, when they sold the paper to the\\nMichigan Vblksblatt, another German daily paper in Detroit.\\nThe reason for this was that two older papers were published in\\nDetroit, and independent journalism was not at that time very\\npopular a paper was obliged to be either Republican or Demo-\\ncratic in order to be successful. The next year Mr. Beierle became\\nconnected with the then prosperous daily and weekly Michigan\\nJov/rnal (the oldest German daily in Michigan) as general\\nagent, which position he filled until February, 1870, when he\\ncame to East Saginaw to take charge of the Saginawer Zeitung. as\\nabove stated, the arrangement for this step having been made the\\nprevious November.\\nTHE TAG LIC HE SAGINAW ABEND ZBITDNG\\nwas established by Robert Ebel, Feb. 28, 1881. The Zeitung is a\\nfour-page, 20-column daily journal, published at East Saginaw\\nevery lawful day, printed in German, and well patronized by the\\npeople in whose interest it is published. The circulation reaches\\n600, and the office employs four men.\\nMr. Ebel, the proprietor, was born in Germany in 1837, emi-\\ngrated in ls.54, and settled at Detroit, where for 13 years he was\\nforeman in the office of the Michigan Journal. In 1870 he came\\nto East Saginaw, where he was employed as foreman in the office\\nof the Saginaw Zeitung nine years. lie published the Bay City\\nPioneer^ a weekly journal, but failing to make it a success, entered\\non the greater, the more important work of publishing a German\\ndaily at Eist Saginaw.\\nCHE8ANING TAPERS.\\nIn the spring of 1S69 was established the first newspaper printed\\nat (hesaning. It was edited by Dr. C. W. Myers. It was neutral\\nin politics. After an existence of about two years it died a natural\\ndeath, from want of support by the business men of the village.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0475.jp2"}, "474": {"fulltext": "472 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe Chesaning Weekly Times was the next to try its fortunes.\\nIt was owned by an association of the principal business men of\\nthe village, and edited by G. L. Chapman and II. W. Hicks. It\\nwas an eight-column folio, and run as an independent paper. Its\\nfirst issue was dated May 20, 1870. It was managed and edited, as\\nabove stated, about two years, when the association turned over the\\npaper, including: type and press, to J. W. Fitzgerald as editor, who\\ntook down its neutral or independent colors, and ran the same as a\\nRepublican paper about two years and a half, making it a paying\\ninstitution, but finally left to edit a paper at Saginaw City.\\nTHE CHESANING ARGUS.\\nwas introduced to the public in January, 1878. Several futile\\nattempts having been made to start a paper in Chesaning it was\\nonly with the greatest difficulty that the Argus won the confidence\\nof the people and succeeded in placing itself upon a sound basis.\\nDuring the same year Mr. Miller, its present editor and proprie-\\ntor, purchased the interest of his partner and has since owned and\\nconducted it. He has given his patrons an excellent local paper,\\none in which the entire people of Chesaning and vicinity now feel\\nan unusual interest.\\nWillis Miller, proprietor and editor of the Chesaning Argus, was\\nborn in Cayuga county, 1ST. Y., March 6, 1857. At the age of 10\\nyears Mr. Miller accompanied his parents, William H. and Matilda\\nA. Miller, to Eaton county, Mich., and some years later to Osceola\\ncounty, in this State, where he served an apprenticeship of three\\nyears in the office of the Osceola Outline, at Hersey. On Jan. 1,\\n1878, Mr. Miller came to Chesaning, and purchased a half interest\\nin the Chesaning Argus, the first number of which was issued on\\nJan. 5. The following July he purchased his partner s interest,\\nand since then has conducted the paper alone, making it independ-\\nent in politics. He was married Feb. 11, 1879, to Carrie C. War-\\nren, born in Kalamazoo county, Mich., and daughter of Joel R. and\\nCaroline C. Warren, natives of New York. They have one child,\\nOlive Haskell. Mr. Miller is a member of the I. O. O. F.\\nTHE OAKLEY CYCLONE.\\nThe first and only newspaper ever published in Oakley Village\\nis the Oakley Cyclone. Its first issue was dated March 11,\\n1881, at that time not having a subscriber. As an evidence of\\nhow the paper was appreciated by the public, on its tenth weekly\\nissue it had received a voluntary subscription, so that it had a\\ncirculation of 300. It is a four-column quarto, and its subscription\\nprice is $1 per year. It is neutral in politics, though treating on\\nall the leading questions of the day.\\nJames J. Lawson, its editor and proprietor, was born in Barton\\ntownship, Wentworth Co., Ontario, Canada. His parents moved\\nto Oneida, Haldeman Co., Canada, when he was but three years ot\\nage, where lie passed his early youth and manhood, receiving in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0476.jp2"}, "475": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 473\\nthe meantime a good common-school education. When 34 years\\nof age he removed to Michigan, settling on a farm of 40 acres, in\\nthe town of New Haven, Shiawassee Co. Owing to an accident\\nwhich resulted in the disabling of his left hand, he adopted his\\npresent vocation, for which he seems especially fitted. Mr. Lawson\\nis probably better known throughout this county as Nicodemus,\\nunder which nam cU plurru most of his articles for the press have\\nbeen written.\\nST. CHARLES PAPERS.\\nThe first printing office, and the first newspaper to try its fort-\\nunes in the village of St. Charles, was owned and edited by Daniel\\nGriggs. It was a four-column folio, and issued weekly, mak-\\ning its first appearance May 1, 1877; and at the end of six months,\\nfrom want of support, expired. It advocated the Spiritualistic\\nideas, and was named the Angel of Light.\\nThe second newspaper enterprise was the St. Charles Times,\\nsending out the first paper Aug. 3, 1877, a five-column folio, in-\\ndependent in all matters, issued weekly, and edited by D. C. Ash-\\nman. It was continued only to its 11th week.\\nThe third venture was by Williams McCauley, as owners and\\neditors. This paper was a four-column folio, issued weekly, its first\\nnumber appearing March 23, 1878, and regularly furnished to\\npatrons until September, 1880. It was, like its predecessor, inde-\\npendent.\\nTHE REFORMER.\\nThe fourth to try its fortunes was the Reformer, owned and\\nedited by Mrs. H. M. Conklin, a semi-monthly, four-column folio,\\na,nd is still furnished regularly to its subscribers; independent.\\nST. CHARLES LEADER.\\nThe fifth and last paper published in the village is the St.\\nCharles a seven-column folio, Republican in politics, and\\nedited Iry Gropengieser Rice, both men of large experience in\\nthe newspaper business; and although bringing out the first paper\\nSept. 30, 1880, the list of subscribers now (June, 1881) numbers 500.\\nThe subscription price is $1.50.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0477.jp2"}, "476": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u00a2CHAPTER XVIII.\\nCHRONOLOGY.\\nIt is essential to a complete local history that the principal events\\nshould be fully and impartially recorded, and mention made of\\neverything possessing even the least historical merit. It is just\\npossible to obtain such data as would enable the writer to deal\\nspecially with many of the most important items in the history of\\nthis county; but notwithstanding all diligence in inquiry, all the\\nvaluable co-operation of the survivors of early settlement as well\\nas of the citizens of the present time, many facts would escape notice\\nhad not the chronological table been prepared for their reception.\\nTo render this actually complete would require months, perhaps\\nyears, of labor, but enough remains to make the table as interesting\\nas it is accurate. With the exception of the data given in con-\\nnection with men and events, previous to the negotiation of the\\ntreaty, all else is based upon accepted records; even the pre-treaty\\ndata may be considered reliable, as all that is legendary and cir-\\ncumstantial points directly to the occurrences and men concerned.\\nEVENTS.\\nDATE.\\n1520 Massacre of the Sauks by the Otchipwes.\\n1634-8 Visit of Breboeuf and Daniels to the Valley.\\n1665 Allouez and Duvall, or Dablon, established a mission.\\n1668 Jacques Marquette and M. Dablon visited the Indians.\\n1674 The Griffin anchored at the mouth of the river.\\n1762 The Otchipwes march to the aid of Pontiac.\\n1780 The Indians of the Saginaw march to aid La Balme.\\n1792 Francois Tromble visited the Saginaws.\\n1806 Onabouse hanged at Detroit.\\n1811 Louis Campeau and Jacob Smith, traders, visited the Great\\nCamp.\\n1816 Campeau erected a trading hut on the site of Saginaw City.\\n1819 Treaty of Saginaw was negotiated.\\n1820 Jacob Smith releases the captured wife and children of\\nDavid Henderson.\\n1822 Detachment of 3d U. S. Inf. from Green Bay arrive at Sag-\\ninaw under Major Baker, and build a fort where the\\nTaylor House now stands. The same year the troops\\nerected a log hut opposite the Water Works.\\nFirst plat of the Town of Sagana made for S. McCloskey\\nand John Farrelly.\\n(474)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0478.jp2"}, "477": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTT. 475\\nEntry of land, where Saginaw City now is, made for Charles\\nLittle.\\nBoundaries of Saginaw county defined by Gen. Cass.\\nRoad from Saginaw to Jacob Smith s post at Flint cut\\nthrough by U. S. troops.\\nDeath of two officers and three private soldiers within Fort\\nSaginaw.\\n1S23 The Fort of Saginaw evacuated.\\n1823 May 8 Sale of first lot sold in 7 own of Sagana.\\n1824 Establishment of a post of the American Fur Company at\\nSaginaw City.\\n1825 Kiskako drank the hemlock.\\n1826 Settlement at East Saginaw of Capt. Leon Snay, a French\\nhunter and trapper.\\n1828 Settlement of Gardner D. Williams, first permanent white\\nsettler in Saginaw county.\\n1S31 Jan. 11 County seat of Saginaw county located by Gov.\\nLewis Cass.\\n1832 July 4 First Independence celebration in county, at the\\nresidence of Eleazer Jewett, at Green Point: 19 persons\\npresent.\\nFirst marriage in Saginaw county: contracting parties were\\nMr. Campeau and Madeline Mashoe.\\n1S34\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Feb. 11\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Birth of Mary Jewett (now Mrs. Dr. K D. Lee,\\nof Saginaw City), first white child born in Saginaw county.\\nFirst steam saw and grist mill built in Saginaw county by\\nHarvey Williams, who soon after sold it to G. D. E. S.\\nWilliams.\\n1835 Jan. 2S Saginaw county organized by act of Territorial\\nLegislative Council.\\nFirst school taught in the Fort by Albert Miller.\\nOctober Board of Supervisors of Saginaw county organ-\\nized; first meeting held at residence of E. N. Davenport,\\nSaginaw.\\nFirst wheat raised in Saginaw county.\\nIncorporation of a railroad company with a corporate stock\\nof $1,000,000; road to be built from Mount Clemens to\\nSaginaw City; length about 90 miles.\\n1836 Jan. 10 First entry made in Probate Court Record of Sag-\\ninaw county.\\nMarch 1 -Organization of the first Church in Saginaw Val-\\nley Presbyterian, with 12 members.\\nJuly 9 First steamboat entered the Saginaw river.\\nEstablishment of first newspaper in county; name Saginaw\\nJournal.\\nDr. Charles Little entered the land forming the present site\\nof East Saginaw.\\nBuilding at Saginaw City of the AVebster House.\\n1837 April 18 First school district in Saginaw county organized.\\nSaginaw City was laid out and streets named.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0479.jp2"}, "478": {"fulltext": "476 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFirst shipment of lumber from county from Emerson mill,\\nIS lien a Vista, opposite Saginaw City; mill was built by a\\nNew York firm the year previous.\\nIncorporation of the Saginaw Genesee Railroad Company;\\ncapital stock, $400,000; length, 40 miles.\\nIncorporation of the Owosso Saginaw Navigation Com-\\npany with capital stock of $100,000; itsobject to improve\\nthe Shiawassee river.\\n1838 March 1 Organization at Saginaw City of the First Pres-\\nbyterian Church.\\nDuring summer small-pox broke out among Indians ot\\ncounty, destroying nearly two-thirds of them.\\nAttempt by the State of Michigan to bore salt springs on\\nTittabawassee river; not boring deep enough it proved a\\nfailure.\\nCommencement of the famous Saginaw or Northern Canal,\\nto connect the navigable waters of Saginaw and Grand\\nrivers; $68,000 appropriated by State; scheme a failure.\\n1840 Chief Tonawdogana died.\\n1841 Completion of the Territorial road, called the Saginaw\\nTurnpike.\\n1842 Ferry established across Saginaw river near Mackinaw\\nbridge by G. D.Williams.\\nThe Saginaw North Star was established by R. W. Jenny\\nsecond newspaper in Saginaw county.\\n1845 April Court-house furnished and ready for transaction of\\nbusiness; cost, $9,510.\\n1847 July 4 Curtis Emerson bought what is known as Emer-\\nson s addition to East Saginaw, and began operation there.\\n1848 Organization at Saginaw City of the German Evangelical\\nLutheran Church.\\n1849\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Feb. 9\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Saginaw Lodge, No. 42, I. O. O. F., organized at\\nSaginaw City.\\nSettlement at East Saginaw of C. W. Grant, the first perma-\\nnent American settler on the east side of the Saginaw\\nriver.\\nFirst steamboat built on Saginaw river, by Curtis Emerson\\nand others, and named the Bneua Yista.\\n1849 Stage mail route established between Flint and Saginaw;\\nmail formerly carried on horseback.\\n1850 May 1 First town meeting and first election at East Sagi-\\nnaw; 19 votes cast.\\nTillage of East Saginaw platted.\\nFirst store at East Saginaw opened by Alfred M. Hoyt and\\nJames Little.\\nFirst birth at East Saginaw a son of Lyman Ensign.\\nMayflower Mills built at East Saginaw first mills at that\\ncity; cost, $50,000.\\nBuilding of plank road from East Saginaw to Flint.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0480.jp2"}, "479": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAMNAW COUNTY. 477\\nScliool taught in upper story of Morgan L. Gage s residence\\nat East Saginaw. i y Dr. C T. Disbrow.\\nFirst Btave yard in Saginaw county established in Saginaw\\nCity l.v II. Si, aw.\\n1851 Oct. 29 The German Evangelical Lutheran Church of the\\nHoly Cross of Saginaw City organized.\\nOrganization of St. Paul s Evangelical Lutheran Church of\\nSaginaw City.\\nOrganization at Saginaw City of St. John s Episcopal\\nChurch.\\nEstablishment of terry at foot of Genesee avenue, in East\\nSaginaw, by E. X. Davenport.\\nThe first school in East Saginaw established in a log shanty\\nwhere now stands the Bancroft House; teacher, Miss\\nIngersoll.\\nCompletion of the Saginaw Valley House, a pioneer hotel of\\nEast Saginaw.\\n1851-2 First union school-house built at Saginaw City.\\nl s 5ii First death at East Saginaw- -German drowned in river;\\nname not known.\\nCompletion of Old Academy in East Saginaw, on present\\nsite of Hoy t street school cost, \u00c2\u00a32,500.\\nTruman B. Fox opened a select school at East Saginaw; SO\\nscholars in attendance.\\nOrganization of an M. E. Church at East Saginaw, with A.\\nShaw, pastor.\\n1S53 Feb. 17 Telegraph in working order between Detroit and\\nSaginaw.\\nMarch 3 Spirit of the Times comes out in entire new\\ndress.\\nMarch 20 and 21 Ice broke up in Saginaw river, and\\npassed out into the bay.\\nMarch 21 Steamer Gen. Scott sunk at Watson s dock,\\nlower Saginaw, in 12 feet of water.\\nMarch 26 A pauper named John Costello committed sui-\\ncide at the county farm, by cutting his throat with a\\nrazor.\\nMarch 28 Steamer J. Snow was first boat to run on\\nSaginaw river for the season of 1853.\\nMay 12\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Corner-stone of St. John s Episcopal Church\\nlaid at Saginaw by Kt. JRev. Bishop McCoskry, of Detroit.\\nMay 15 Severe hailstorm occurred at Saginaw City; but\\nvery little damage done.\\nJune 9 Saw-mill and 500,000 feet lumber burned at Car-\\nrollton, owned by Volney Chapin, of Ann Arbor: loss,\\n$13,000.\\nJuly 1 Mail route from Saginaw City to Corunna es-\\ntablished.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0481.jp2"}, "480": {"fulltext": "478 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n1853 Sept. 1 Stage route established between Saginaw City and\\nZiiwaukee; also new stage route from the former place to\\nFlint direct.\\nSept. 4 Camp-meeting of the Chippewa Indians held at\\nSwan Creek, about 7 miles from Saginaw ;|Rev. Geo. B.\\nBradley, presiding.\\nOct. 15 Death of Alexander McEwan, of Lower Saginaw;\\ncause, congestion of the brain.\\nOct. 25 Dwelling houses a scarcity in Saginaw City;\\npopulation increasing very rapidly.\\nOct. 29 and 30 Quarterly meeting of M. E. Church\\nin the Academy at East Saginaw; services commenced\\nat early candle-light.\\nOctober 23 steam saw-mills in operation on Saginaw river,\\nand 21 in course of construction.\\nOctober Name of postoffice in Chesaning township\\nchanged from North Hampton to Chesaning; J. L.\\nFisher appointed postmaster.\\nNov. 16 Disastrous fire in the building of Burt Hyden,\\nEast Saginaw; losses heavy.\\nNov. 19 Meeting of citizens at Saginaw City, and reso-\\nlutions passed asking Congress to appropriate money for\\nthe improvement of Saginaw river; much interest mani-\\nfested.\\nNov. 26 Steamer Huron struck a rock near Lower Sagi-\\nnaw, causing very serious damage; no lives lost.\\nNovember Burglars entered dwelling of Benjamin Troin-\\nbley. of Bangor, and stole nearly $1,300.\\nDec. io A young man named Alexander, of Flint, was\\ndrowned while attempting to cross Squaconning creek\\non the ice.\\nj) ec n A young man named Sidney Alexander drowned\\ncrossing a bayou on the ice at Lower Saginaw was a\\nresident of Flint.\\nAn apple-tree on Saginaw river (planted by an Indian)\\nbore 90 bushels of apples.\\nEstablishment at East Saginaw, of the Saginaw Enterprise,\\nthe first paper in the village; proprietors, F. A. William-\\nson and A. J. Mason.\\nChurch of St. Mary s (Catholic) organized at East Saginaw\\nby Father Shutzes.\\n1854 Jan. 26 Social given at the Wolverton House, Lower\\nSaginaw.\\nFeb. 10\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Clark House, of Ziiwaukee, opened with a grand\\ncomplimentary ball.\\nFeb. 14 Dr. George Davis, of Saginaw, an old pioneer of\\nSaginaw county, died of heart disease.\\nMarch 12 Ice broke up in Saginaw river, and floated into\\nthe bay.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0482.jp2"}, "481": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 479\\n1854. March -26 Great conflagration at East Saginaw a steam-\\nmill, 1,000,000 feet of lumber, the Washington Hotel, and\\nseven other buildings totally destroyed: total loss about\\n$40,000.\\nMarch Organization of the first Masonic lodge in county;\\nname, Ger mania.\\nApril 9 Two prisoners, named Oberlauber and Wenmer,\\nescaped from the county jail, after nearly beating to death\\nJoshua Blackmore and deputy sheriff and jailor.\\nApril 20 A German named Barnhard Fittinger was\\ndrowned in the Tittabawassee river, a few miles above Sag-\\ninaw City, while trying to cross the river with an ox team.\\nMay 5 Heavy frost all over the county; much damage\\ndone to fruit.\\nMay Dickson s Detroit and Saginaw River Express es-\\ntablished.\\nJune 12 A stalk of rye, measuring seven feet, four inches,\\nwas presented to the editor of the Spirit of the Times.\\nJune 16 Completion at Saginaw City of J. Pierson s\\nsaw-mill, runningthe first circular saw in Saginaw Valley.\\nJuly 5 Destructive fire at East Saginaw Irving House;\\nW. L. P. Little Co. s large warehouses and other\\nbuildings totally consumed; loss $100,000; insured for\\n$50,000.\\nJuly 7 David Taylor, while at work in mill of Hoyt\\nWhitney, at East Saginaw, became entangled in machin-\\nery, and was crushed to death.\\nAug. 21 Sale at Saginaw City of the State swamp lands.\\nDec. 3 M. E. church of Lower Saginaw dedicated.\\nDec. 5 Dwelling house of A. R. Swarthout, three miles\\nfrom Saginaw City, destroyed by fire; one child badly\\nburned before rescued.\\nOrganization at East Saginaw of St. Paul s Episcopal\\nChurch, Rev. V. Spaulding officiating.\\nErection of the first iron foundry and machine shop in Sag-\\ninaw Valley, at East Saginaw, by Warner Eastman.\\n1855 Feb. 6 Extremely cold weather in Saginaw county; snow\\ntwo feet deep, and thermometer 30\u00c2\u00b0 below zero.\\nMarch 23 A man named Havens, living near East Sagi-\\nnaw, was found frozen to death; an empty liquor bottle\\nlying near told the cause of it.\\nApril 8 A young man died at Saginaw from the effects of\\na tree falling and crushing his skull the preceding Wed-\\nnesday.\\nApril 8 and 9 Ice passed out of Saginaw river, and navi-\\ngation opened.\\nApril 10 Ice in Saginaw river floated out into the bay.\\nApril 12 --Arrival at East Saginaw of the Traffic the\\nfirst boat of the season.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0483.jp2"}, "482": {"fulltext": "4S0 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY\\n1855 April 17 Weather line; streets in Saginaw City dry and\\ndusty.\\nJune 2\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First I. O. O. F. lodge of East Saginaw\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the O-\\nsaw-way-bon, No. 14, instituted.\\nJuly 6 Large railroad meeting at East Saginaw steps\\ntaken to secure railroad communication with Lansing and\\nthe great Southwest.\\nFrom May 1 to July 31, 172 brigs and schooners and 51\\nsteamboats arrived at the Saginaws.\\nSept. 21 Death of Lion. Thomas Mc Carty, pioneer of\\nNorthern Michigan, at the residence of his brother in Titta-\\nbawassee township.\\nNovember Mysterious disappearance of a farmer named\\nHall, of Tittabawassee township.\\nNovember Large freshet on Saginaw river; bridge swept\\naway; 500 tons of hay destoyed; potato, corn and wheat\\nfields severely damaged.\\nEast Saginaw incorporated as a village.\\nEstablishment of the first bank at East Saginaw, on Gene-\\nsee avenue.\\n1856 Jan. 3 Store of Hart Fav, at Lower Saginaw, burned to\\nground; loss $16, 000.\\nFeb. 10 The old ferry house opposite the foot of Mack-\\ninaw street in Saginaw, burned to the ground; one child,\\na son of Mr. Sparks, the owner, perished in the names.\\nFebruary Tree cut down on Cass river, by S. S. Lee, and\\nafter scaling by J. M. Baldwin measured seven 16-foot\\nlogs containing 9,630 feet of lumber.\\nJune 7 A four-year-old child, son of Hezekiah Trickey, of\\nTittabawassee township, fell into well and was drowned.\\nJuly 8 Hon. Ebenezer C. Kimberly, a pioneer of the\\nShiawassee valley, died at Corunna.\\nDec. 8 A boy named Dean, of East Saginaw, was drowned\\nin the Saginaw river three miles below Saginaw City.\\nDecember A military company, called Hampton Guards,\\nCaptain Thomas M. Lyon, organized at East Saginaw.\\nImmense tires in the cranberry marshes destroyed much\\nproperty and many tine forests.\\nFirst Masonic lodge Saginaw, No. 77, chartered at East\\nSaginaw.\\n1857 Jan. 21 Organization of F. P. M. K. K. Co.; road com-\\npleted for travel 1862; first engine called the Polly wog.\\nFeb. 17 Saginaw City charter granted; population 536.\\nMarch 27 A man named Christopher Crum, a native of\\nVermont, was accidentally drowned at St. Charles.\\nMay 21 A married man named Henry Balch, employed\\nin the Saginaw City Mill Company s gang mill, was\\nkilled by a stray bolt of iron striking him on the head.\\nMay 21 A saw-mill, 750,000 feet of lumber and many mill\\ndocks burned at Zilwaukee; loss about $25,000.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0484.jp2"}, "483": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 481\\nJuly 26\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A disastrous fire occurred at East Saginaw, destroy-\\ning the larger portion of a genera] stock owned by Heach\\nAfoores.\\nSept.fi Charles L. Richmah, who settled in the Saginaw\\nValley in L836, died at his residence in Saginaw Citv.\\nNov. 1 A meteor passed over Saginaw county; direction\\nDorth to south.\\nNov. L6 An intoxicated man named William Hall fell\\nfrom a bridge over the Saginaw river, near East Saginaw,\\nand was drowned.\\nNov. 24-\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hon. James G. Birney, a former resident of Sag-\\ninaw county and a candidate for the Presidency in 1844,\\ndied at Englewood, N. J.\\nSaginaw City incorporated Gardner D. Williams first\\nmayor.\\nM. E. Church of Saginaw City organized.\\nI S. land office located at Mast Saginaw.\\nOrganization at EastSaginaw of the Congregational Church,\\nRev. Mr. Smith officiating present edifice dedicated on\\nJune 14. 1868.\\nOrganization at East Saginaw of the fire companies Pio-\\nneer, No. 1, and ,k Jesse Hoyt, No. 2.\\n1858 dan. 11 Establishment of the Saginaw City Literary Asso-\\nciation.\\nJuly 14 Mrs. Ruth Lull died at her residence in Bridge-\\nport township, aged 85 years.\\nSummer one of extremes floods, drouths, heat and cold\\ngiven to the inhabitants of Saginaw county in magnificent\\nprofusion; Aug. 26, big frost.\\nNov. 27 Saginaw itv Library first opened.\\nDec. 11 Hon. Gardner D. Williams, an honored pioneer\\nof Saginaw county, died at Saginaw City.\\nCongregational Church of East Saginaw organized; present\\nbuilding erected in 1868; cost, $3(5,000.\\nL859 Jan. 17 Thomas O Hara and his son James were frozen\\nto death between East Saginaw and Swan Creek.\\nFeb. 15 Bill passed and approved in State Legislature to\\nappropriate $10,000 to develop salt interests in Sag-\\ninaw Valley.\\nMarch 17 -\u00e2\u0080\u0094East Saginaw became a city.\\nMarch Saginaw ity Light Infantry, Captain Louis\\nI ranke, composed mostly of Germans, organized.\\nApril 13\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A young man named Charles Wyman, while\\npassing down the Tittabawassee river on a boat, fell over-\\nboard and was drowned.\\nApril lfi Articles of association of East Saginaw Salt\\nManufacturing Company signed at East Saginaw cap-\\nital stock. $50,000; salt water found following Feb. 7,\\nand stock increased to $250,000.\\n92", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0485.jp2"}, "484": {"fulltext": "482 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nJuly Weekly Courier, of East Saginaw, founded by George\\nF. Lewis.\\nAug. 19\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Laying of first rail of the F. P. M., at East\\nSaginaw.\\nSept. 7 Opening at East Saginaw of the Bancroft House.\\nNov. 8 Death at East Saginaw of Hon. Norman Little, an\\nenterprising pioneer of the Saginaw Valley.\\nDec. 21 Organization at East Saginaw of the German\\nLibrary Society.\\n1860 Feb. 10 Organization at Saginaw Oity of the Saginaw\\nValley Agricultural Society.\\nMarch 10 Steam grist-mill of W. L. P. Little Co.,\\nlocated in Saginaw Oity, destroyed by fire; loss, $35,000,\\ninsured for $22,000.\\nApril 25- -Great fire on Water street, Saginaw City; eight\\nbuildings destroyed; total loss, $3,950; total insurance,\\n$1,900.\\nMay 9 Consecration of St. John s Episcopal church at\\nSaginaw City, by Bishop Mc Coskry.\\nJuly 4 Grand celebration at East Saginaw; immense con-\\ncourse of people in attendance; glorious time.\\nAug. 3 Hook and Ladder Co., No. 1, of East Saginaw,\\ngave their first annual ball in Washington Hall.\\n1861 March 21 Navigation opened in Saginaw river.\\nApril 22 Immense Union demonstration at East Saginaw;\\nthree companies of men proffered to the Governor.\\nMay 7 Destructive fire in East Saginaw; 23 buildings,\\nlarge amount of lumber, staves etc- destroyed; loss,\\n$55,000; insured for $17,500.\\nMay 11 Two men while crossing the Saginaw river from\\nSaginaw City to East Saginaw in a canoe, were struck by\\nthe steamer Star and drowned.\\nJune 5 Ex-Mayor Bullock, of Saginaw City, accidentally\\nkilled by bursting of a vat at Saginaw City Salt Works.\\nJune 6 Company H of the 2d Keg. Mich. Vol. Inf.\\nformerly the East Saginaw Guard left Detroit for\\nWashington.\\nJune 18 The Hoyt Light Guard, of East Saginaw, and\\nSaginaw City Guards left their respective cities for Fort\\nWayne, Ind.\\nJune 22 Two men named Townsend and Swartz killed\\nat St Charles by the slipping off of the belt from a wheel\\nin Townsend Kumberley s saw-mill.\\nJune 23 Timothy Deshay drowned in Saginaw river oppo-\\nsite Carrollton.\\nJune 25 A fire at East Saginaw destroyed four buildings;\\nloss, $45,000; insurance, $24,650.\\nJune 27 L. L. G. Jones, editor of the Spirit of the Times,\\nof Saginaw City, died of the measles, at East Saginaw.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0486.jp2"}, "485": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 483\\nJune 29 Steamer Little Eastern sunk by colliding with\\nsteamer Fox, in Saginaw river, near Saginaw City.\\n.lime 30 A large cornet was noticed to the northwest pass-\\ning eastward.\\n1863\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Jan. 21 Organization of the Saginaw River Bridge Co.,\\nof East Saginaw: in lsn 4, built Genesee avenue bridge;\\nlength 700 feet; cost, $50,000; soon after built Bristol\\nstreet bridge.\\nMay 23 East Saginaw Gas Co. organized with capital stock\\no\\\\ $5 ,000; in October, 1866, stock increased to $150,000.\\nDec. s Beginning of travel across the Genesee avenue\\nbridge between Saginaw City and East Saginaw.\\nDec. 15 Navigation closed on Saginaw river.\\nFirst Baptist Church of Saginaw organized.\\nFirst brick block devoted to mercantile purposes erected\\nat Saginaw City.\\nFay. Bliss Co. established the Valley Bank, at East\\nSaginaw.\\nEverett House, of East Saginaw, built by a Mr. Crouse.\\n1864 Jan. 1 Very cold throughout county; thermometer stood\\n24 below zero many people suffered severely.\\nJan. 12 Saginaw Valley Chapter, No. 31, of East Saginaw,\\nestablished.\\nFeb. 1 Killing in the streets of Saginaw City of a wild-\\ncat measuring seven feet sir inches from tip to tip.\\nFeb. 1 Death at Saginaw City of Mrs. Jane A. Little,\\nwidow of the Hon. Norman Little.\\nFeb. 9 First lighting of East Saginaw by gas.\\nFeb. 17 Departure from Saginaw City of the 16th Reg.\\nMich. Vol. Inf., after a two-weeks furlough; grand ball\\nat Webster House evening previous.\\nMarch 3 Dedication at Saginaw City of the Methodist\\nEpiscopal church; sermon by Rev. Dr. Eddy.\\nApril 7 An old-fashioned New England dinner at Web-\\nster House, Saginaw City; an admirable affair.\\nApril 23 Organization of the Sabbath-School Association\\nof the Saginaw Valley, Albert Hough, President, at Sag-\\ninaw City.\\nMay 14 Departure at Saginaw City of Capt. Lockwood s\\ncompany of the 9th avalry.\\nMay 26 Very low water in Saginaw river\u00e2\u0080\u0094 hardly enough\\nto float vessels.\\nJune Visit to the Saginaw Valle} of Alderman Daking,\\nLord High Sheriff of London, Eng., and President of\\nthe G. A\\\\ R. R., with other officers of the road.\\nJuly 4 Immense celebration at Saginaw City; closed with\\ngrand ball at Webster House.\\nJuly 12 Meeting of the Flint Ministerial Association of\\nthe M. E. Church at Saginaw City.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0487.jp2"}, "486": {"fulltext": "484 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n1864\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sept. 11\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Dedication of the M. E. Church at Saline, E. O.\\nHaven, D. D. President of the University of Michigan,\\nofficiating.\\nOctober During month, over 1,147 vessels passed through\\nbridge at East Saginaw.\\nNov. 9 Big storm all over county; Saginaw river lowered\\nnearly six feet by the storm; Presbyterian church in\\ncourse of erection at Salina utterly destroyed.\\nNov. 10 First car run on East Saginaw street railway.\\nNov. 10 Organization of the East Saginaw Street R. P.\\nCo., and road built to South Saginaw the following April.\\nOrganization of the I. O. G. T. lodge of Saginaw City.\\nSaginaw street railroad built and put in running operation.\\n1865 Jan. 26 -Destructive tire at East Saginaw; an entire block\\nol buildings burned; loss about $100,000.\\nFeb. 14 Old folks concert at East Saginaw; large\\ngathering; excellent music.\\nMay 16 Navigation opened on the Saginaw river.\\nJune 3 Death at Saginaw of James H. Gotee, one of the\\noldest and most respected citizens of that city.\\nJune 7 Meeting at East Saginaw of the Michigan State\\nSabbath School Society.\\nJune 13 Fire at Saginaw; A. W. Wright s mill utterly\\nconsumed; loss $80,000, insurance $20,000. Fire at\\nCarrollton destroyed $20, 000 of property of Chicago Salt\\nand Lumber Co.\\nJune 18 Death at Saginaw City of S. W. King, a pioneer\\nlumberman of the Saginaw Yalley.\\nAug. 25 First meeting of the Saginaw City Gas Light\\nCompany.\\nFirst National Bank of East Saginaw organized; capital\\n$100,000.\\nDaily Enterprise established at East Saginaw.\\n1866\u00e2\u0080\u0094 May 10\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Valley Encampment, No. 20 (I. O. O. F.), of\\nEast Saginaw, chartered.\\nCity of Saginaw subscribed $100,000 to aid in building the\\nAmboy, Lansing Traverse Bay P. P.\\n1867 Completion to Saginaw City of the Jackson, Lansing\\nSaginaw P. P.\\n1867- S Erection at Saginaw City of the new Union school\\nbuilding.\\n1868 March Presbyterian Church of East Saginaw organized.\\nNovember Lighting of Saginaw City by gas.\\nDec. 12 The famous Wah-wah-sum Boat Club of Sagi-\\nnaw City organized.\\nSaginaw City Teutonia Turn-verein completed its organi-\\nzation.\\nFounding of the Saginaw Zeitung at East Saginaw.\\nDaily Courier, of East Saginaw, established.\\nLaying at East Saginaw of the first Nicholson pavement.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0488.jp2"}, "487": {"fulltext": "KI8T0BY OF .INAW OODNTT. 485\\n1870 Plank road completed between Saginaw City and St. Louis,\\nin tratiot county.\\nOrganization of the Liberal Church of Saginaw City.\\nEomefor the Friendless and Industrial School, of East Sag-\\ninaw, organized.\\n1871 -German Workingmen s Society, of Saginaw City, began its\\nexistence.\\nAzure Lodge, No. 43, Daughters of Rebecca, of East Sag-\\ninaw, chartered.\\n1S72 April I Incorporation of the Savings Bank of East Sag-\\ninaw, with capital of 8100,000.\\nApril 25 Organization of the East Saginaw Driving Park-\\nAssociation.\\nSaginaw Z-itung Company organized, capital $10,000.\\nHolly Water Works at Saginaw City put into operation.\\n1873 Jan. 23 Very heavy snow storm at Saginaw City and vi-\\ncinity; trains delayed several hours.\\nJan. 29 Thermometer indicated 32 below zero at Saginaw\\nCity.\\nFeb. 6 Holly Water Works tested at Saginaw Citv; gave\\ngeneral satisfaction.\\nFeb. 27 East Saginaw and South Saginaw consolidated by\\nact of Michigan Legislature.\\nMarch 12 Heavy freshet on Saginaw river; railroads dam-\\naged considerably.\\nApril 29 Birdie Kelsey, a boy six years of age, killed by a\\nSaginaw street railroad car.\\nMay 27 An Indian, 22 years of age, son of Black Elk, was\\nkilled near Swan Creek by a J., L. S. R. R. train; he\\nwas intoxicated.\\nJune 11 Meeting of the State Medical Society at Saginaw\\nCity; an excursion to Bay City same evening.\\nJune 20 Great fire at East Saginaw; several buildings,\\nlumber, etc., totally destroyed; losses, $75,000.\\nJune\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Kesher Shell Barsel, No. 110, A. J. O. R. S. B.\\ni Hebrew), of East Saginaw, organized.\\nJulv 16 Suicide of Mr. Charles F. Shaw, at East Saginaw,\\nhv pistol shot.\\nJulv 24 Victory of the Wah-wah-sum Club at the N. W.\\nA. B. A., at Toledo, Ohio.\\nAug. 13 Paine s saw-mill and salt block burned at Saginaw\\nCity; losses, $70,000; insurance, $40,000.\\nSept. 12 Reunion of the 23d Mich. Vol. Inf. at Saginaw\\nCity; grand banquet in evening at Ta} 7 lor House.\\nSept. 15 Opening of the Saginaw Central Fair at Saginaw\\nCity; 1,600 entries in all; a complete success.\\nOct. 12 The M. E. church on the Penoyer farm was dedi-\\ncated, Rev. Dr. Eldred, of Coldwater district, Michigan\\nConference, presiding.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0489.jp2"}, "488": {"fulltext": "486 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n1873 Oct. 22 A large fire at Ballentine Co. s saw-mill and\\nsalt works at Carrollton, lasting some 13 hours; loss\\nheavy.\\nNov. 10 Charles Decker, conductor on J., L. S. R. R.\\ngravel train, instantly killed by his train at Zilwaukee.\\nHe resided at Jackson, Mich.\\nNov. 28 Organization of the Saginaw Valley Pioneer So-\\nciety at Saginaw City.\\nNov. 30 A boy named Willie Wheeler fell through the\\nice while skating on the Saginaw river at Saginaw City,\\nand was drowned.\\nDec. 3 A heavy gale occurred at Saginaw City and vicinity\\ngreat damage done; no lives lost.\\nDec. 11 Organization of the Saginaw River Improvement\\nAssociation.\\nBuilding of the Saginaw Valley St. Louis R. R.\\n1874 Jan. 2 An accidental explosion of a can of gunpowder in\\na grocery store of Saginaw City killed one child, wounded\\nits mother, and severely burned the clerk; stock badly\\ndamaged.\\nJan. 10 Dr. Louis Franke, of Saginaw City, walked off a\\ndock and was drowned.\\nAcceptation of the Holly Water Works by the city of East\\nSaginaw; water brought from Tittabawassee river, three\\nand a half miles distant.\\nJanuary Death of Timothy 13. Corning, of East Saginaw,\\nan honored citizen of Saginaw county.\\nJanuary Achilles Lodge, No. 15, Knights of Pythias, of\\nSaginaw City, chartered.\\nFeb/ 12\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Death of Mrs. H. M. Williams, wife of Hon.\\nEphraim S. Williams, at the age of 65 years.\\nFeb. 25 A fire occurred at East Saginaw, burning up a\\nsmall frame house, together with Mary Simpkins, one of\\nthe i J mates.\\nFeb. 28 Organization of the Saginaw County Pioneer\\nSociety.\\nApril 4\u00e2\u0080\u0094 James Freeman, of Brant township, was killed by\\nthe accidental discharge of his gun while in the timber two\\nmiles from St. Charles.\\nApril 15 J. F. Bundy, a prominent lumberman of the\\nSaginaw Valley, died suddenly at his residence at East\\nSaginaw.\\nMay 1 Organization of the East Saginaw Lumber Ex-\\nchange, by Hon. Charles V. De Land.\\nJune 3 Meeting of the Grand Commandery of Knights\\nTemplar of the State of Michigan at East Saginaw.\\nJune 18 Rochester Salt and Lumber Co. s works burned at\\nCarrollton; loss, $60,000; insurance, $32,000.\\nJune 23 Annual meeting of the East Saginaw Driving\\nPark Association continued four days.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0490.jp2"}, "489": {"fulltext": "HI8T0RY OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 4S7\\nJune 24\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Saginaw Valley Pioneer Society excursion from\\nSaginaw and Easl Saginaw to Bay City; fine time.\\nJune 25 A bricklayer of Saginaw City aged 25, named\\nChristopher Weis, drowned in Saginaw river.\\nJuly 1 Boiler exploded in Grant A; Savior s saw-mil] neai\\nCarrollton, killing four men, and severely injuring\\nseveral others.\\nJuly 1 Death of Mrs. Arminda R. T. Sweet, wifeof Hon,\\nWilliam II. Sweet, of Saginaw City.\\nJuly lii- At the East Saginaw Driving Park Association\\nraces, Goldsmith Maid trotted a mile in 2:16.\\nJuly 30- Destructive fire at Saginaw City; George F.\\nWilliams Bro. s saw-mill .burned; loss, $40,000, in-\\nsurance. $30,000.\\nAug. 8\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Death of George II. Richardson, city editor of the\\nEast Saginaw burii r.\\nAug. 24 Death of apt. dames J. Maiden, of Alpena,\\nformerly clerk of Saginaw county, and a pioneer of\\nSaginaw Valley.\\nAug. 20 Death at East Saginaw ol Mrs. Margaret Tall-\\nman, at the remarkable age of 114 years.\\nSept. 8, 9, 10 Annual meeting of the Saginaw Central\\nAgricultural Society; good exhibition.\\nSept. Il Death of Mrs. Sarah A. Bullock, relict of George\\nW. Bullock, at Saginaw City.\\nSept. L6, 17. I s Twenty-sixth annual fair of the Mich-\\nigan State Agricultural Society at East Saginaw; magnifi-\\ncent display of farm products, stock, machinery and\\nmanufactured articles; immense crowds in attendance;\\nweather very good.\\nSept. 18 Death of Alonzo Rust, one of the oldest and most\\nrespected pioneers of the Saginaw Valley, at his residence\\nin Saginaw ity.\\nDeath by suicide, at the county poor farm, of Luke Courville,\\naged L02 years; oldest man in county.\\n1875. Feb. 9 Pastors Conference of the Flint River Baptist As-\\nsociation at East Saginaw.\\nFebruary Establishment of the Saginaw hurch CIt.ro/nile\\neditors\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Kev. William II. Watts, Rev. G. W. Wilson\\nand Rev. II. J. Brown.\\nMarch 23 An old-fashioned fox drag at the East Saginaw\\nDriving Park prize collar awarded to a dog belonging\\nto Mr. Gould, of Saginaw City.\\nMay 6 A man named John )\\\\Donnell fell off a boat in the\\nSaginaw river, at Saginaw City, and was drowned.\\nMay 19 Fountain Head Lodge, No. 860, Good Templars,\\nof Eas1 Saginaw, organized.\\nJuly 5 Grand Independence celebration at Saginaw City\\n15,000 people present besides the citizens.\\nJuly Saginaw Salt Co. organized capital, $500, 00.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0491.jp2"}, "490": {"fulltext": "488 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAug. 13 Death of A. A. Parsons, Secretary of Saginaw\\nCounty Agricultural Society, at his residence at Saginaw\\nCity.\\nSept. 8 Death of John M. Smith, an old pioneer of Sag-\\ninaw county, at his farm in Saginaw township.\\nSept. 13-17 Michigan State Fair held at East Saginaw\\nlarge attendance fine exhibitions.\\nOct. 6-8 Annual meeting of Saginaw Central Agricultural\\nSociety at Saginaw.\\nNovember Public Library of East Saginaw formed by\\nconsolidation of the Young Men s and old East Saginaw\\nLibraries.\\nDec. 18 Death of Charles S. Kimberly, an old resident\\nof Saginaw City.\\n1876 May 1 Organization of East Saginaw Board of Trade.\\nSept. 12 Murder at Chesaning of Charles Smith, by his\\nwife, his sister-in-law, Mrs. Cargin, her husband Free-\\nman Cargin and Norris Alexander.\\n1877\u00e2\u0080\u0094 April Establishment of the famous Carrollton Oar Fac-\\ntory, at Carrollton.\\nDec. 1 Death at Saginaw City, of Hymen F. Piermort,\\none of the oldest lumbermen in the Saginaw Valley.\\nDec. 5 Death at East Saginaw of Mrs. Adelaide Cush-\\nway, who settled in Saginaw county in 1826.\\nDec. 17 Grand re-union of the Soldiers and Sailors\\nunions at Saginaw City.\\nDec. 17 Death at East Saginaw of Hon. John. F. Driggs,\\nwho for several years ably represented the district of\\nMichigan in Congress.\\nDec. 26, 27 28 Annual session of the Michigan State\\nTeachers Association at the Congregational church of\\nEast Saginaw.\\nDec. 28 Death at East Saginaw of James G. Terry, one of\\nthe oldest pioneers of the Saginaws.\\nOrganization of the Michigan Dairy Salt Co., with capital\\nstock of $25,000.\\n1878 Jan. 8 Second annual meeting of the Saginaw Valley\\nPoultry Association at East Saginaw.\\nJan. 24 Annual meeting at East Saginaw of the Michigan\\nSalt Association.\\nJan. 28 Meeting at Saginaw City of the Farmers Institute.\\nFeb. 2 Death of Moses B. Hess, an honored and respected\\ncitizen of East Saginaw.\\nFeb. 23 Organization at the court-house at Saginaw City,\\nof the Saginaw County Farmers Club.\\nFeb. 27 Commencement of work on the free bridge be-\\ntween Saginaw City and East Saginaw.\\nMarch 6 Death at Galveston, Texas, of Alfred H. Wright,\\none of the largest lumber dealers in the Saginaw Valley.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0492.jp2"}, "491": {"fulltext": "UI-ToRY OF SAGINAW roi NTV. 489\\nMarch Serious accident on the J., L. 8. R. R., near\\nSt. Charles\u00e2\u0080\u0094 two men killed.\\nApril li\u00c2\u00bb Twelfth annual meeting of the Michigan Bee-\\nKeepers Association convened at Kast Saginaw.\\nA j \u00c2\u00bbri 1 L3 A skiff capsized in the Saginaw river at Sag-\\ninaw City, drowning two boys and severely injuring an-\\nother.\\nApril 17 Annual plowing match of the Flint River Val-\\nley Society at Taymouth.\\n.May 4 Death at Pine River of Royal 0. Remick, of East\\nSaginaw, an enterprising lumber merchant of the Sag-\\ninaw Valley.\\nJune 3 Laying of the corner-stone of Teutonia Hall, at\\nSaginaw City, by the Turn-verein of that city.\\nJune L7\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Laying of the corner-stone of the German Catho-\\nlic church of the Sacred Heart, at EastSaginaw.\\nduly Death f Ephraim Guenther, the first musical\\ndirector of the Germania Society of Mast Saginaw.\\nduly 17 Death at East Saginaw of David Ellis, an old\\npioneer of the Saginaw Valley.\\nJuly 16, 17. 18 Ssengerfest of the Peninsular Saengebund\\nheld at Kast Saginaw.\\nduly 28\u00e2\u0080\u0094 lompletionof free bridge at foot of Johnson street,\\nat Kast Saginaw; cost, about $19,000.\\nAug. 1 Beavy rain and hail storm at St. (diaries; some\\ndamage done.\\nAug. 11\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Annual harvest festival of Frankenmuth town-\\nship; large attendance.\\nAug. 14\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Death of John d. Steven-, one of the oldest res-\\nidents of Easl Saginaw.\\nAug. 1 t Destructiol] by tire of Sears Holland s saw-mill\\nat Saginaw City: lo $50,000; insurance, $30,000.\\nAug. 20 Death of Phineas G. Spalding, at the residence\\nof his -ondndaw. in Spalding township, named after\\ndeceased.\\nAug. 26 Meeting of the State Teachers Institute at Sag-\\ninaw ity.\\nSept. L3\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Dedication of the St. Joseph Total Abstinence\\nSociety Temperance Hall at East Saginaw.\\nSept. 16 Organization of Herb s Germania Band, of the\\n3d Reg., at Easl Saginaw.\\nSept. 24 Opening of the Saginaw Central Agricultural\\nSociety fair at Saginaw City.\\nSeptember Completion of St. Mary s Academy of the\\nlatholic Church, at Saginaw ity.\\n-t. LI\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Thirteenth annua! gathering of the 23d Keg.\\nMich. Vol. Inf.. at Saginaw City.\\nDec. 4 A. P. Brewer s mill property at East Saginaw,\\ndestroyed by fire loss, $50,000 insurance-. $3", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0493.jp2"}, "492": {"fulltext": "490 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n1879 Jan. 11 Death at Saginaw City of J. J. Swarthout, an old\\nresident of the Saginaws.\\nJan. 26 Celebration on the anniversary of Robert Burns*\\nbirthday at East Saginaw by the St. Andrew Society.\\nJan. 26-29 Fourth annual exhibition of the Saginaw\\nValley Poultry Association at East Saginaw.\\nJanuary Completion to East Saginaw of the Detroit\\nBay City R, R.\\nFeb. 9 Death in Tittabawassee township of John Thomp-\\nson, who settled in Saginaw county in 1832.\\nFeb. 19 H. B. Roney deposited 30,000 California salmon\\nfry in the Cass river; were furnished by the Michigan\\nFish Commission.\\nMarch 29 Death at East Saginaw of Capt. Matthew\\nLittle, who came to Saginaw county in 1851.\\nApril 4 Death of Joseph E. Shaw, an honored and re-\\nspected citizen of East Saginaw.\\nApril 8 Finding of the body of a murdered man on Hoyt s\\nfarm, Buena Vista township; murderer unknown.\\nMay 12 Sears vfc Holland s salt blocks, drill houses and\\n4,000 barrels of salt burned at East Saginaw.\\nMay 26 Destructive fire at Zilwaukee; six buildings\\nburned; loss, $6,000; insurance, $2,200.\\nMay 27 Meeting of the Northern Convocation of the Dio-\\ncese of Michigan, at East Saginaw.\\nMay 27 Telephone communication between Bay City and\\nEast Saginaw perfected.\\nMay 30 Decoration services on large scale at Saginaw\\nCity; Rev. F. A. Bruske, orator.\\nJune 18 Annual meeting of East Saginaw Driving Park\\nAssociation.\\nJune 25 First annual commencement of St. Mary s Acad-\\nemy, East Saginaw; an enjoyable occasion.\\nJuly 4 Immense celebration .at St. Charles; oration by\\nthe Mayor, K S. Wood.\\nJuly 17 Opening of the Bell Telephone Exchange at the\\nSaginaws.\\nJuly 29 Fire at Saginaw City burned nine buildings; loss,\\n$11,000; insurance, $1,600.\\nAug. 3 Large out-door temperance meeting at East\\nSaginaw; address by P. T. Barnum, of circus fame.\\nAug. 20 Immense conflagration at Carrollton; Sanborn\\nBliss mills, etc., totally destroyed; loss, $137,000; in-\\nsurance, $69,000.\\nSept. 23, 24, 25 Fourteenth Annual Fair of the Saginaw\\nCounty Agricultural Society at Saginaw City.\\nSept. 26 Annual re-union of the Soldiers and Sailors\\nUnions at Saginaw City.\\nSept. 26 Death of LotonH. Eastman, of East Saginaw,\\nthe first president of the Saginaw Valley St. Louis-\\nR. R,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0494.jp2"}, "493": {"fulltext": "BISTORT OF SAGINAW COUNTY. 491\\n1879 Oct. 11 Serious shooting affray on board barge U J. E.\\nSparrow one man fatally injured.\\nOct. 11 -Murder in Taymouth township of Heber K.\\n[ves by Allen Barnum.\\nct. 24 Death at Saginaw City of( scar D. Chapin, an en-\\nterprising salt and lumber manufacturer.\\nOctober First trial of granulating salt by the Elmer pro-\\ncess, ;it Mc( Jraw a salt block.\\nNov. 15 Terrific boiler explosion at Carrollton; one man\\nkilled ami two severely wounded.\\nDee. u Completion of the Saginaw Mt. Pleasant Nar-\\nrow rauge R. R.\\n1880 Ian. 2\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Henry Fisher killed at a dance in Kochville, by\\nPeter Wells; a knife used to perform the murderous\\ndeed.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Ian. 2\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A fire at Saginaw City destroyed $60, 000 worth of\\nproperty belonging to Wells, Stone Co.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Ian. 1! Meeting at East Saginaw of the Grand Chapter\\nof Royal Arch .Masons of the State of Michigan.\\nFeb. 11 Death at East Saginaw of Curtis Emerson, the\\nI ioneer citizen of East Saginaw, at the age of 70 years.\\nApril 26\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sixty-first anniversary of the formation of the\\nI. F. in the United States, at East Saginaw; 200\\nmen in procession; grand supper in the evening.\\nMay 25 Suicide at East Saginaw of Marcus Thede, Ger-\\nman blacksmith, by gunshot wound; cause unknown.\\nJune 7 Terrible tragedy in Laketiekl township. Patrick\\nClark and wife foully murdered; remains burned, to-\\ngether with the residence.\\nJune 8 Democratic State Convention held at East Sagi-\\nnaw.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2lune 12 Death at Saginaw City of William Gillett. a\\nprominent attorney of Saginaw county.\\nJuly in Death at Cleveland, Ohio, of Charles B. Headley,\\nformerly one of the proprietors of the Lumberman s Ga-\\ntti\\nAug. 18 Sale at East Saginaw of the F. P. M. R. R.\\nto New York parties; price, $1, $50,000 cash\\ndown.\\nAug. 25 Eleventh annual reunion of the Fighting\\nFifth Mich. Vol. Inf., at Saginaw City oration by\\napt. Cook, of Richmond, Virginia.\\nSept. 1 One Daniel Parkhurst, of East Saginaw, was\\nroasted alive in E. E. Johnson s lime kiln, on Water\\nstreet.\\nSept. 21, 22, 23\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fifteenth annual meeting of tin Sagi-\\nnaw County Agricultural Society, at East Saginaw.\\nSept. 2ti Dedication at Frankenmuth of the German Lu-\\ntheran church: sermons by Prof. Craemers, of St. Louis\\nUniversity, and Prof. Cull, of Fort Wayne, Ind.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0495.jp2"}, "494": {"fulltext": "492\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nOct. 4 Inquest held at East Saginaw, on body of Wesley\\nWeldon, who was found dead in Saginaw river was res-\\nident of Bridgeport township for 42 years.\\nNov. 17 Meeting of the stockholders of the Michigan Salt\\nAssociation at East Saginaw.\\nNov. 24 A destructive tire near Saginaw City consumed\\nA. D. Camp s saw-mill and salt block loss, $30,000\\ninsured for $16,000.\\nNovember\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Organization of the Saginaw Transportation\\nCompany capital, $50,000.\\n1881 Feb. 6 Fred Weichmann killed at a wedding party by\\nJohn Laesh place, East Saginaw.\\nFeb. 8 Meeting at the Bancroft House. East Saginaw, of\\nthe directors of the Northeast District Agricultural\\nSocietv.\\nFeb. 24-27\u00e2\u0080\u0094 -The ninth annual meeting of the Y. M. C. A.,\\nof Michigan, at East Saginaw.\\nDeath of D. B. Ketcham.\\nMay 26 Organization of the German Pioneer Society.\\nMay 30 Magnificent celebration of Decoration Day.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0496.jp2"}, "495": {"fulltext": "CITY AND TOWNSHIP HISTORIES.\\nCITY OF EAST SAGINAW.\\nThe history of the city of East Saginaw begins with the year\\nL849, when Charles W. Grant settled here; while still the log\\nhouse, erected by the American Fur Company on the present site\\nof the Bancroft House, was tenanted by the celebrated trapper,\\nCaptain Leon Snay, G. D. Williams garden beds were located\\nnear the F. P. M. R. K. depot, a swail or marsh extended to the\\nvery door of Leon Snay s forest castle, game sported in the woods\\nand rivers, and the little world, centered on what is now one of the\\nbusiest thoroughfares of a prosperous city, was tranquil. The\\nenterprising Emerson continued his industry on the river bank,\\none mile above Genesee street, under the shadow of his modest,\\nthough high-titled, dwelling.\\nThe land on which the city now stands was purchased from the\\neral Government in 1830 by Dr. Little, father of W. L. P.\\nLittle. This property passed into the hands of the Detroit Bank-\\ning Co.. and the second purchasers, like the first, were compelled\\nto dispose of it. Norman Little, acting as agent for Hoyt as Co.,\\nof New York, purchased the land for a small consideration, in\\nL849, and the same year concluded articles of agreement with the\\nWilliams Bros., for the purchase of their farm, a half a mile north\\nof Leon Snay a cabin.\\nThe total clearing of this tract was the work of Seth and Thomas\\nWiley, with their employes and associates, including Otto H. G.\\nMoores, Adouiram Dann and many others. The lands purchased\\nfrom the Detroit Banking Co. were surveyed and platted imme-\\ndiately after the choppers passed over the ground.\\nThe original plat of East Saginaw, known as the Hoyt Plat,\\nwas survejed by A. Alberti for Alfred M. Hoyt, Dec. 12, 1S50.\\nThe original record is as follows:\\nPlan of the city of Ea8l Saginaw, situated on the east hank of the Saginaw\\nriver. -aid city comprising the following described lands within its limits, viz:\\nTin north half of the southeast fractional quarter, the northeasl fractional quarter,\\nand the south half of southeast fractional quarter of sec. 13, town number 13 north,\\nf range number t east, and also the west half of northwest quarter of sec. 19 of\\ntown number 12 north, of range numbers east.\\nNote. Said lot- are 60 feet in width and 120 feet in length, with the excep-\\ntion of such lots asare made fractional by the plank road; and the boundaries of\\nBaid city as are here laid down on this map. Washington street and the plank\\nroad are (99) ninety-nine feet in width. All other streets are (ili feet in width.\\nIn testimony whereof I have hereto sel my hand and seal, this 12th day of\\nL D. I860. Alfbkd M. Hoyt, (L. S.)\\nThe streets running east and west, beginning south of the 12\\nriver front lots, atv the northern limits, were named as follows:\\nAstor, Miller, Carroll, Fitzhugh. Johnson, Plank, Tuscola, Ger-\\n^(493)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0497.jp2"}, "496": {"fulltext": "494 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nman western continuation of Plank Road Williams, Hayden,\\nMillard, Thomson, Hoyt and Emerson. The streets running north\\nand south, parallel with the river, were named, Water, Washing-\\nton, Franklin, Cass, Jefferson, Warren, Webster, Clay and Rock-\\nwell.\\nThe additions to the city since that period have been made by\\nwell-known citizens. Some few of them are comparatively insig-\\nnificant in area, but valuable on account of the magnificent build-\\nings erected thereon.\\nThe Genesee plank road was built in 1850, stage coaches placed\\non the road, and a postoffice established. During the year the first\\nstore was opened by Alfred B. Hoyt and James Little.\\nThe first school building was erected on the site of Leon Snay s\\ndwelling house, in 1851, and was taught by Miss Ingersoll.\\nThe clearance was just effected so far as the center of the block\\non Water, between Genesee and Tuscola streets, when the building\\nof the Valley City Hotel was entered upon by Win. F. Glasby.\\nThis hotel was completed in 1851 and opened to the public with\\nAdoniram Dann as host.\\nThe East Saginaw select school was opened by Truman B. Fox\\nin 1852, and claimed on its roll 83 children. The shanty which\\nformed the First Episcopal church of the city, was built near\\nEmerson street the same year.\\nThe ferry, projected in 1851 by E. JS Davenport, became a pay-\\ning industry in 1S52. The entire affair consisted in a primitive-\\nlooking scow, propelled with poles, and attended by a quaint dug-\\nout to escape by in case the scow went to the bottom. The course\\nof this ferry is now occupied by the abutments of the Genesee\\nstreet bridge.\\nThe first birth within the village limits was that of Lyman\\nEnsign, in 1850.\\nThe first death which occurred within the old limits of East\\nSaginaw, was that of a German, drowned near the eastern bank ot\\nthe river.\\nPIONEERS OF THE CITY.\\nAmong the founders of the city the following names will live\\nlong in its records. It is true that men came after them equally\\nenergetic and enterprising; but to those who entered the wilder-\\nness and prepared it for the habitations of a people, are due\\nespecial honors.\\nAlfred M. Hoyt settled in the Valley in 1850, as the representa-\\ntive of his father. James M. Hoyt. His efforts to build up the city\\nof East Saginaw were crowned with success. He was the first\\npostmaster at East Saginaw. In 1852 he was elected State Repre-\\nsentative. Two years later, however, he disposed of his interest in\\nthe new city to his brother, Jesse Hoyt, and returned to New\\nYork.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0498.jp2"}, "497": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 495\\nCharles W. Grant, born in Chenango Co., N. Y., in 1818, settled\\nin East Saginaw in lsi .i. In 1850 lie, with A. M. Hoyt, erected\\nthe Bine Mill for the purpose of sawing plank for the road\\nbetween Saginaw and Flint. In 1S50 he was elected the first town\\nclerk of the village of East Saginaw. In 1851 he urged the neces-\\nsity of building a school-house, and succeeded in having one\\nerected where the Bancroft House now stands. Since his settle-\\nment he has filled many important offices, as well as being largely\\ninterested in the lumber business.\\nWilliam F. Glasby, born in Livingston county, N. Y., came to\\nSaginaw in 1850. He was one of the principal men in building\\nthe three bridges which connect the two cities. He built the Val-\\nley City Hotel, which was opened as a boarding house by Adoniram\\nDann.\\nGeo. Allison settled in East Saginaw in 1850.\\nFrederick A. Koehler arrived in East Saginaw in June, 1850,\\nand opened a blacksmith s shop.\\nOtto II. G. Moores arrived in the Valley in 1819, and a year\\nlater was engaged in clearing the forest where the city of East\\nSaginaw now stands. In 1851 he entered the office of Thomas\\nWhitney, of Saginaw City, where he continued business until 1858.\\nDuring the three following years he was bookkeeper in the office\\nof D. H. Jerome, and in 1861 entered upon business for himself,\\nlocating in Saginaw City.\\nCol. W. L. P. Little, Curtis Emerson, S. W. Yawkey, Alexander\\nEnglish, Alexander Ferguson, John Elsffer, the Willey brothers,\\nLyman Ensign and a few other early settlers ol the city are\\nnoticed in other pages.\\nMoses B. Hess settled at East Saginaw in 1S50. He was born\\nat Verona, Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1825, settled in Michigan in\\n1837, and moved to the Saginaws in 1850. Previous to this period\\nhe was postmaster and State librarian at Lansing. He was mail\\ncarrier between the two cities for some time, and succeeded Morgan\\nL. Gage as postmaster at East Saginaw.\\nEAST SAGINAW IN 1853.\\nIn the fall of 1853, the East Saginaw steam flouring mill was\\nerected, with a capacity of 1,000 bushels per day. Many predicted\\nthat this mill would not continue in operation very long; but their\\nprediction was wrong. It was a common thing to receive 500\\nbushels of wheat daily from farmers in the Valley. The import of\\nwheat from Chicago was also extensive, as is learned from the fact\\nthat in September, 1853, two cargoes of wheat were landed at the\\nmill, each amounting to 6,000 bushels.\\nThe same year the steamboat T. Whitney, built here for\\nThomas Whitney and Dr. Burns, was launched. Her measure-\\nment was 132 feet long, 21^ feet beam, with capacity for 7,000\\nbarrels, and accommodations for 60 passengers. Capt. M, Smith\\nwas placed in charge of this boat.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0499.jp2"}, "498": {"fulltext": "496 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe planing mill, owned and operated by Hoyt Whitney, was\\nfinished in September, 1853. The machinery was capable of dress-\\ning 30,000 feet of lumber per day.\\nThe Blackmar and the Irving hotels were opened early in the\\nyear, the latter by M. C. Stevens, and the former by S. C. Munson.\\nThe Academy, built on the site ot the Hoyt street school, con-\\ntinued to be conducted by Misses Rice, Messer and Dean. The\\nattendance of children at the close of the summer term, Sept. 10,\\n1853, was 140.\\nThe Saginaw Enterprise was issued Sept. 8, 1853, by the publish-\\ners, Williamson Mason.\\nAmong the business men were Norman Little, agent for the East\\nSaginaw steam flouring mill, corner of Water and Carroll streets.\\nA. M. Hoyt, secretary and treasurer of the Genesee Plank Road\\nCompany; N. Little, president, located at the corner of Water and\\nPlank Road streets; Charles W. Grant, notary public, and inspec-\\ntor of logs, lumber and shingles; Hoyt Whitney, E. S. Planing\\nMill Co.; J. Hoyt, wheat buyer; Alfred M. Hoyt, dealer in real\\nestate; Norman Little, agent for the Hudson River F. M. In-\\nsurance Company; Burt Hayden, dry-goods, grocery and pro-\\nvision store; Hess Brother, druggists; J. Hangsterfer, C. M.\\nCurtis Brother, hardware store; A. Ferguson, jewelry store;\\nA. Ferguson, book store; Mrs. M. A. Lovewell, dressmaking\\nhouse; Fred Cockier, blacksmith; C. Harman, R. Schacker, cabinet\\nfurniture shop; Garrison Bristol, lish, salt and provision deal-\\ners; Coe Garrett, harness, saddlery and book store; A. Eaton,\\nboot and shoe store; Dickson Grant, provision dealers, opposite\\nthe Blue Mill T. F. S. Willey, bakers; M. L. Gage, saddle,\\nharness and trunk factory ;T. B. J. G. Fox, manufacturers of and\\ndealers in furniture; W. L. P. Little, forwarding merchant; Gus-\\ntave Reigel, tailor; Henry Schwartz, cabinet manufacturer; H. H.\\nLester, tailor; A. Irion, dealer in tinware and stoves; C. D. W.\\nP. Fox, grocers and provision dealers, corner of Water and Hayden\\nstreets; F. A. Hickcox, tin, copper and sheet-iron worker; C. B.\\nJones Co., dealers in lumber and shingles. The professions were\\nrepresented by N. D. Lee, M. D., of Saginaw City, and H. A.\\nRockway, John Moore, H. S. Penoyer, J. G. Sutherland, R. B.\\nHall, W. L. Webber and J. L. T. Fox. The justices of the peace\\nwere S. C. Munson, office over Hayden s store, on Water street;\\nSeth Willey, justice and township clerk, office with W. L. Webber,\\nin Gage s block. James Frazier, F. W. Baccus, A. W. Hart, James\\nWatson, John Pearson, D. G. Lawrence and J. H. Richardson,\\ndirectors of the Saginaw and Lapeer plank road, had an office at\\nLower Saginaw.\\nTHE FIRST FIRE.\\nThe destructive fire which broke out in the kitchen of the Irving\\nHouse, on the morning of July 5, 1854, entailed upon many of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0500.jp2"}, "499": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW.\\n4y;\\nthe -ettlers heavy losses. Among the men who lost directly from\\nthis conflagration were W. L. P. Little, $60,000, insured for $30-\\n000; A. ML. Eioyt Co., owners of the [rving House and ware-\\nhouse adjoining, $15,000, insured for \u00c2\u00a710,000; M. C. Stevens, loss\\non hotel furniture. $5,000, insured for $3,000; and Edmunds\\na- I \u00c2\u00bbn lumber, $14,000. The other losses by this fire comprised\\nHiggins, of Flint, $600; Win. Thurber, $1,000; Geo. JN. Propper,\\n$400; J. Pierson, $250; 11. C. Smith, $150; J. ETangs0rfer,\\n$1,500; J. Killinger, $600; Roller, $\u00c2\u00b100; F. Killinger and Reich,\\n!00; Eickox and Reisler, $400 A. M.Terry,\\n$600; .1. Lyons, $200; O. P. Burt, hoarding with his family at the\\nIrving House, lost the wardrobe of his family, furniture, plate,\\nI ks, etc. In a short time afterward the building of those sub-\\nstantial brick stores, a few of which may be found in the city of\\nto-day, began. Only two days before this fire, the first saw-mill\\nerected on the river, then operated by Gardner D. Williams, wasde-\\ntroyed, entailing a loss of $9,000. The firm of Butts, Kendall\\no. lost a half million feet of lumber, valued at $6,000, by this lire.\\nThe tire of 1*54 destroyed the houses, mills, stores and other\\nproperty of the settlers. In addition to the losses enumerated,\\nthere was burned about 3,000,000 feet of lumber.\\nTHE. SECOND FIRE\\nresulted in the destruction of 23 buildings and other property.\\nvalued at $55,000; insured, in the aggregate, for $17,500. The lire\\noriginated in the Jeffers block, on Water street, and when discovered,\\nearly on the morning of May 7, 1861, was under such headway that\\nthere was little hope of the ability of the new firedepartmentto check\\nits progress. The names of the losers by this conflagration are as\\nfollow.-:\\nChester B. Jones $4,000\\nWilliam Sanborn 4,000\\nJohn Derby 6,200\\nA Schmitz 3,000\\nA.ugustus Blanchard 500\\n.1. K. Gooding 200\\nJeffers Block :),000\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2peland 4,000\\nM. Jeffers machinery.\\nA W. Tyler\\nFnil Koehler\\nW P. Patrick\\nI.. Hover\\nSmith\\nMr- Loomis\\n2,000\\n2,000\\n1,500\\n800\\n800\\n300\\n700\\nJohn Bremmer 100\\nHilton Co $2,800\\nJulius Frey 600\\nJohn Ham 2,800\\nA. L. Stewart 2,500\\nM. IVrrv 1,000\\nE.J. Mershon 300\\nJ. A. Whittier 1,000\\nF. A.Curtis 600\\nS. 15. Bliss 400\\nEnterprise Office 2,200\\nThomas Savior 800\\nP. T. Hall/ 1,000\\nW. L. P. Little 1,500\\nM is. Si tlomon 30 J\\nHarvey Joslin 100\\nJ. Torrey 75\\nThe insurance was very unequally divided. W. L. P. Little s\\nbuildings were the only ones fully insured; the heavy losers had\\nno provision whatever made against such a fire. The population\\nof East Saginaw did not flee from the twice destroyed village, but,\\n30", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0501.jp2"}, "500": {"fulltext": "498 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwith a perseverance as singular as it was successful, entered upon\\nthe re-building of the city. This was accomplished in a brief space\\nof time, new business blocks, dwellings, hotels, factories, etc., rising\\nfrom the ashes of the burned city.\\nTHE THIRD GREAT FIRE\\noccurred Jan. 26, 1865. The losses sustained by the people in this\\ntire aggregated $125,000.\\nThe fire was discovered in the wholesale liquor store of E.\\nGravier, on Washington street, opposite the Oouse block, in East\\nSaginaw. The flames spread with great rapidity, extending to the\\nsurrounding buildings, and sweeping away in their resistless course\\neverything in the shape of a building, from the corner west on\\nGenesee street to PI. Marks clothing store, and north on Wash-\\nington street to Fred Koehler s brick block\\nThe buildings destroyed were all of wood, with the exception of\\nthe L-shaped block occupied by Frizelle Bros, as a wholesale and\\nretail drug store, IT. It. Proctor s jewelry store, and E. Gravier s\\nliquor store, fronting on both Genesee and Washington streets;\\nand the greater portion of them forming the property of Milo B.\\nHess.\\nAmong the losers were: Frizelle Bros., drug store; E. Gra-\\nvier. liquor store; the postoffice (the entire contents of which\\nwere saved, however, and the Detroit mail dispatched with\\naccustomed regularity); news depot of D. B. Reeve 6z Co.; law\\noffice of D. W. C. Gage; two millinery stores; a barber shop;\\ndrugstore of Farrand Duncan; another barber shop; clothing\\nstore of H. R. Duncan; wagon shop of M. F. Leroy; dining hall\\nof John Bremner.\\nThe upper stories were occupied by various parties; the law\\noffices of W. J. Loveland, Camp Huse, and H. H. Hoyt, were\\nin the second story of the brick building, and nearly the entire\\ncontents were lost. Mr. Hoyt lost an extensive library. The\\noffices of P. Whipple, surgeon and dentist; Dr. Hall, and Drs.\\nRoss and Osborn, the millinery store of Miss E. Nicholson, and\\nthe photographic gallery of H. 1ST. Eastman, were also destroyed.\\nThe fires since that period have been numerous and destructive;\\nbut as a general reference is made to them in other pages it is\\nunnecessary here to follow up the list beyond the pioneer period\\nof the city. Enough to say that, like a new Chicago, the city\\ngrew out of its ruins greater and more prosperous after each con-\\nflagration.\\nEAST SAGINAW IN 1858.\\nAmong the principal industries of the village in 1858, the first\\nand most important was the flouring mills of Hoyt and Wilcox.\\nThat owned by Mr. Hoyt ground during that year 56,000 bushels", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0502.jp2"}, "501": {"fulltext": "I I Y OTt I A- I LGINAW. *99\\nand 14,000 bushels of corn, the value of the aggregate\\nact exceeding $80,000. The mill was supplied with tour run\\nand powerful machinery; it was located at the corner ot\\nlM ,i Carroll streets. a\\nilcox s steam flouring mill was principally devoted to custom\\ns with an annual capacity of 20,000 bushels. This concern\\nI on Wat near the Emerson terry landing,\\narner Eastman Co. operated an extensive foundry and\\ntrine shop, and Geo. W. Merrill another equally extensive shop\\n,nong the blacksmiths wen- Frederick Koehler, Berdsall\\nGr dley B. Mershon Co., Hosea Pratt, James\\nanted planing mills; E. Feige, J. A. Large, B.Schwartz\\ner I .raden were manufacturers of lumitnre; U. M. Curtis,\\nn and B. B. Buckshout were engaged in the hardware\\nB.Jones, J. 8. Estabrook, B. Shaw. Robert Pierson,\\nPV Woodruff, dealt in lumber, staves and shingles; O. L.\\nUallA Loomis,Ward Fox, II. Marks, A. Eaton, M. L.Gage,\\nLathropand Fred N.Bridgman carried on extensive\\nthe drug trade was represented by Dr. J. Iv.\\nHess Bros.; the grocery a.nd provision trade by Curtis\\n\\\\V P. Patrick, J. S. Webber, J. A. Whittier, Peter Biiler,\\nloen J. Greener, ML Minick, Sanborn Tucker, Brown\\n[umt ord; the dry-goods trade by Copeland Bartow. John\\n|,y Franklin Copeland, William Weekes; the millinery busi-\\nby Mrs Morrison; the medical profession was well represented\\nLathrop, J. K. Penney, A. Bryce, Dr. Curtis and C.\\nthe lawyers ofthe village were W. L. Webber, D. W\\nWheeler, J. L. T. Fox, W.J. Loveland.\\n4 I 1 Little carried on an extensive banking business, as well as\\neat wholesale and retail store. The United States land office\\nthen in charge of W. L P. Little, receiver, and Moses B. Hess,\\n-ter.\\nerryJoslin published the Saginaw Enterprise. D. A. Petti-\\ne and [less were surveyors and tax agents at the time,\\n[arvin Smith conducted a shipyard. Emerson s steam ferry\\nthe principal bridge to the western bank of the river; the\\n_ Traffic, Alida, -Comet. Coaster, Magnet and\\nlow plied upon the river; the barques Sunshine, Jesse\\nStar-light and Quickstep were built there, and appeared\\n,edocksat intervals. These boats.together with the steam dredge\\nwere well known to the settlers ofthe village, and, even\\nlion into a city, continued to lend an air of business to\\nplace. The Union Bchobl and three ward schools were in ope-\\non. Three churches existed at that time.\\nhere were five fire companies, a military company, the East\\ndnaw Sax Horn Band Company and the Turner Society._\\nThe hotels comprised the lvirhy House, on the corner of Wash-\\nton and Genesee streets, by John Godley; the Farmers Ex-\\nl.v W. Wisner, on Genesee and Washington, opposite tha", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0503.jp2"}, "502": {"fulltext": "500 HISTORY OJF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nKirby House; the Forest City House, corner of Water\\nGenesee streets; the Franklin House, by John Leidlein, corner\\nFranklin and Genesee streets; and the Buena Vista House, c\\nducted by John Jeffers, on Water street, near the ferry landing\\nPrevious to 1858 the name Genesee street was substituted\\nPlank Road street, and the nomenclature of the original villi\\nstreets entirely revised.\\ni\\nfen\\nEIGHT YEARS AFTER.\\nal\\n\u00c2\u00abi\\nTo review fully the years of progress between 1859 and 1866,\\nregard to this city, would in itself be the work of months. He\\never, by adhering to the plan of periodical notice, the advan\\nmade by the city can be fully shown, and comparison with the\\nlage of 1853 be made easy.\\nBeginning with the newspapers, there were the Daily JEnt\\nprise and the Weekly Courier published in the city. The roll\\nlaw representatives comprised the names of Messrs. James, Bro\\\\\\nButton, Stnrtevant, C. H. Camp, Clark, Loveland, Gage, Lev\\nGillett-, Gamble, Henry Hoyt, Harvey Joslin, D. W. Perkins,\\nH. Powers, Thompson, Flanders, W. L. Webber. Smith, Whee\\nHerring, Wisner, and Dillingham in all 23. The list of pin\\ncians met with a similar increase, and comprised the names of\\nC. Bennett, A. Farnsworth, D. S. Hall, F. W. Herring, B. H\u00c2\u00ab\\nO. L. Mason, F. Massbacher, N. Osborne, D. B. Ross, A. B. Sp\\nney, John Thompson, S. W. Turner, A. VanDusen, Charles V\\nDaniels, and M. M. Wheeler; total, 15.\\nThe banks were known as the First National, Merchants t{\\ntional, Saginaw Valley, and C. K. Robinson Co. s. The arc\\ntects and builders were C. V. Moross, I. H. McFarlin,\\nMcEachron, Thomas Germain, and Wm. G. Diqtz. EzraGodda\\nSears and Carey were surveyors and engineers. The list of arti\\ncomprised the names of Goodridge Bros., James T. Randall, i\\nWm. Roberts. The booksellers of the city were T. E. Doughty\\nCo., Frey Co., and Geo. F. Lewis.\\nThe lumber manufacturers and dealers list contained the nan\\nof Burt Bros., Catlin Sanborn, Estabrook Mason, Jo\\nHayden, A. H. Hunter, C. B. Jones, C. C. McLane, Seth McLa\\nC. N. Perry Sons, Charles Post Co., D. F. Rose, J. F. R\\nCo., T. P. Sears, I. E. Shaw, R. H. Weidemann, Geo. B. Wh\\nman, Sam W. Yawkey, and Wm. C. Yawkey. The planing m\\nof the city were operated by Gallagher, Mead Deering, A.\\nMershon, Spencer Newcombe. The stave dealers and mai\\nfacturers were Wm. Binder, C. M. Curtis, F. A. Curtis, Chaum\\nDutton,Wm. Roper, Humphrey Shaw, C. Ten Eyck, and E. 1\\nEyck. Many of the above named lumbermen operated salt-wt\\nin connection with their mills.\\nThe hotels comprised the Bancroft House, American Hotel, Ev\\nett House, Farmers Hibernia, Jeffers, Saginaw Valley, Sherm;\\nWashington, Monitor, Bellevue and Canada.\\ni", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0504.jp2"}, "503": {"fulltext": "i I IV 01 i \\\\-l .i\\\\ uv. 501\\nThe flouring mills in operation were the Mayflower and Citv\\nr. W. Merrill, Wicke Bros., Hill A: Morris, Ilaskins Gridley,\\nit.- the proprietors of foundries and machine shops.\\nTie principal merchants of the city were B. B. Buckhout, M. H. 5\\nir.lt. .la-. S. De hand. II. Smith, M. G. Smith, G. II. Crouse, t\\n[i. Barie, Elliot cy. Earrison, Stevens, Pool Co., Lenheim\\n.1. T. Fan. ham. II. W.Wick lein, I. R. Livingstone, K. 3\\nan, .John O Brien, II. X. Doty, W. I. Howard. W. X.\\nv. Hugh Wallace, M. II. Gallagher, Edward Aiken, L. II.\\nI __\u00e2\u0080\u00a2 it. II. C. Silsbee, K. Luster, II. Marks. W.\\nwick. Boyd Booth, H. R. Proctor. Barnum White,\\ni Wiggins lark.\\numerated offices and business concerns with other commer-\\nI houses numbered 255 in 1 increased in L876to 700 office-.\\ntc. in IS78, to 800; and in L881 to 1,160.\\nbe church buildings in L866 were St. Paul s, the Congrega-\\nI al, Catholic. Methodist Episcopal, and First Baptist,\\nbe Masons, l^ Fellows and Good Templars had each their\\nTin- i oung Men s Association, County Agricultural Society\\nred Debating Society, Neptune Boat Club and a literary so-\\nre in existence,\\nlie advance of the city from the date of its incorporation to 1866,\\nijfh it cannot he said to approach the progress of latter days.\\npsed all the young cities of its time, Chicago alone excepted,\\nmen who settled here were aware of what the future promised,\\nbeing so, determined to hasten development. ILow they sue-\\nled i- hot related by the city of the present time.\\nORGANIC.\\nhe incorporation of East Saginaw as a village took place in\\nwhen Xorman Little was elected president; Charles 15. Mott,\\nrder; W. I.. I Little, C. M. Curtis, A. II. Mershon, .1. E.\\nrliee-. and David Lyon, trustees: 1 R. Copeland and W. F.\\nsby, assessors; S. C. Beach, treasurer; and A. L. Rankin.\\nrshal. From that period forward the advancement of the vil-\\nwas unquestioned. The members of the little municipal\\neminent exerted all their powers to raise it to that position 3\\nich they knew it was destined to occupy, and within a period of i\\nyear-, they -aw the growth of their infant village rewarding\\nii tor all the care and attention hestowed upon it. From a wild\\nip-ground of a few enterprising men in L850, it was converted\\nnail hut thriving hamlet, and in L859 received a city i\\nrter, when it assumed the robes of its ambition. The first city\\nernors comprised W. I.. F. Little, mayor: I). W. C. Gage, re-\\nler: Win. .1. Bartow, comptroller; James I Frown, treasurer:\\nCurtis, marshal: C. F. Mott. JohnS. Estabrook, Alexander\\nguson, W. F. Glasby and G, W. Wilcox, aldermen; A. L.\\niikin, citv constable; A-ahel Disbrow, Chester F Jones, .John", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0505.jp2"}, "504": {"fulltext": "502\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nJ. Wheeler, G. J. Dorr, Yolusin Bude, S. B. Knapp, scho(\\nspectors. This and the succeeding year may be termed the\\ngreat improvements; enterprise was a quality of each and\\ncitizen, the salt and lumber interests claimed that high atte\\nfor which the oldest settler could scarcely hope, and within\\nmonths East Saginaw was a city in every sense. The popul\\nin 1860 exceeded 8,000, when, but 10 short years before, 19\\nors assembled to elect 12 of their number to the public posi\\nwhich the township of Buena Yista offered. The companit\\nliberal spirit which characterized the pioneers of East Sag\\nmanifests itself to-day. The wise provisions made by the mi\\npality to aid and encourage enterprise have borne good fruit.\\nIn the following list are given the names of the elective of\\nof the village from 1855 to 1858, and of the city from 1859 t\\npresent time.\\nVILLAGE OF EAST SAGINAW.\\nPRESIDENTS.\\nNorman Little 1855 I John F. Driggs\\nMorgan L. Gage 1856- 7\\nRECORDERS.\\nCharles B. Mott 1855- 6 I Charles B. Mott.\\nWilliam H. Beach 1857\\nTREASURERS.\\nSeth C. Beach 1855 I Jay S. Curtis.\\nMoses B. Hess 1856-7\\nTRUSTEES.\\nWilliam L. P. Little 1855\\nDavid Lyon 1855\\nJacob E. Van Voorheis 1855\\nClark M. Curtis 1855\\nAugustus Mershon 1855- 6\\nWilliam L. Webber 1856-7\\nMartin Smith 1856\\nWilliam F. Glasby 1856- 8\\nL. H. Eastman 1856\\nClark M. Curtis\\nJ. A. Layo\\nWilliam Gallahue\\nSeth C. Beach\\nGeorge W. Merrill\\nGeorge A. Lothrop\\nCharles T. Harris\\nGeorge W. Wilcox\\nStephen R. Kirby (to till vacancy)\\nCITY OF EAST SAGINAW.\\nMAYORS.\\nWilliam L. P. Little 18. 9\\nWilliam J. Bartow i860\\nCharles B. Mott 1861- 2\\nWilliam F. Glasby 1863\\nJames F. Brown 1864\\nSamuel W. Yawkey 1865\\nDwight G. Holland 1S66\\nWellington R Burt 1867\\nJames L. Ketcham 1868- 9\\nJohnG. Owen 181\\nLeauder Simoneau 18\\nCharles L. Ortman 15\\nWilliam L. Webber 18\\nHerbert H. Hoyt 18\\nChauncey W. Wisner 18\\nBradley M. Thompson 18 J\\nJohn Welch 18", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0506.jp2"}, "505": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW.\\n503\\nCONTROLLERS.\\nWilliam J. Bartow 1859\\nEmil Moores 1860- l\\nCharles K. Robinson 1862\\nJohn s. Estabrook 1863- 4\\nThe controllers named in the following list have been appointed\\nsince 1865:\\nMichael Jeffers, Bern 1805\\nM II. Allardt, Res 1866\\nGeorge A. Lathrop i sl 7\\nC V.De Land 1868- 70\\nC.Stewarl Draper, 1871 to Sept., l*T:l\\nCharles V. De Land Sept., 1873- 7,\\nJoe. A Bolland \\\\8VL. b t\\nBenry M. Newton 1875- 8 3\\nRECORDERS.\\nIV Win C.Gage l859- 60\\nJohn .1. Wheeler 1861- 2\\nJohn B. Dillingham l863- 4\\nChauncey W Wisner 18G5\\nBerber! II. Boyt 1866-7\\nCharles II. Camp 186S- 9\\nWilliam II. Button 1870\\nChauncey H. Gage (to till va-~\\ncancy) ^71\\nGeorge B. Brooks l8V2- 5\\nJohiril. McDonald 1876- 63\\nI REA8TJRERS.\\nJames F. Brown 1859\\nmon B. Bliss 1800- 61\\nJames P. Brown 1862\\nJohn Liedlein 1863-4\\nThomas P. Sheldon 1865\\nWilliam E. McEnight 1866\\nCharles Doughty 1867\\nAlbert R. Welthoff 1868\\nGilbert It. Chandler 1869- 70\\nAugustus Schupp. 1871\\nCharles Wenks 1872- 3\\nJohn Gallagher 1874- 5\\nJames Gamble 1876- 7\\nJoseph B. Whittier 1878- 9\\nWilliam T. Wickware 1880- l\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nMorgan L. Gage 1859-\\nWilliam J. Lovelaud 1859-\\nSeth Willey 1859-\\nPerry Joalin 1859-\\nPatrick Glynn 1861-\\nBezekiah Miller 1862-\\nBenry 8. Ed get (to fill vacancy)\\nMichael Jeffers. 1863-\\nAan n W. Eggart 1864-\\nQeorge Maurer. 1865-\\nI) W. Perkins (to till vacanrv.i. 1*65\\nBezekiah Miller 1866-\\nLucien 11. Pox 1867-\\nFlanders 1868-\\nE A Si nrtevant i to fill vacancy) 1868\\nJohn II Springer 1*69-\\nHezekiah Miller\\nSmith N. Webb\\nGeorge A. Flanders\\nDueald Mclntyre\\nJ. McArthur (to fill vacancy)\\nJohn M. Brooks\\nCharles T. Martin\\nTheron T. Hubbard\\nPatrick Glynn\\nConrad Fey\\nWm. H. Lowry (to fill vacancy)\\nSeth G. Huckins\\nNehemiah Weston (to fill va-\\ncancy)\\nNehemiah Weston\\n1870-7\\n1871- 4\\n1872- 5\\n1873- 6\\n1874\\n1875- 8\\n1876- 9\\n1877- 80\\n1878- 81\\n1879- 82\\n1879\\n1880- 3\\n1880- l\\nl881- 3\\nALDERMAN.\\n1st Ward\\n3d\\n3d\\nlsl Ward\\n2d\\n3d\\n1859.\\nCharles B. Motl\\nlohn S. Estabrook\\nAlexander Ferguson\\nWilliam P. Gla by\\nGeorge W. Wilcox\\nGeorge W. Merrill\\n1860.\\nBarber Eglestou\\nWilliam B. Warner\\nWilliam II. Southwiok\\nLorenzo Leadbetter to till\\nvacancy.\\n1861.\\n1st Ward Michael J oilers\\n2d William F. Glasby\\n3d Loton H. Eastman\\n1862.\\n1st Ward Anthony Schmitz\\n2d William .1. Barton\\n8d Alonzo L. Bingham\\n1863.\\n1st Ward Abner D.Hunt\\n2d Adoniram Dann\\nD.Forsyth Rose (to fill va-\\ncancy)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0507.jp2"}, "506": {"fulltext": "504\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n3d Ward John Gallagher\\nPierre Sutton (to fill vacancy)\\n1864,\\n1st Ward Thomas E. Doughty\\n2d Maximilian H. Allardt\\n3d De Witt C.Gage\\n1865.\\n1st Ward Henry P. Collins\\nHenry Schwartz\\n2d Noah C. Richards* u\\nWilliam G.Dietz\\n3d Charles Lauglass\\nJohn Jeffers\\n1866.\\n1st Ward John M. Luther\\n2d Edwin Burt\\n3d De Witt C.Gage\\n1867.\\n1 st. Ward Martin Smith.\\n2d. William Zimmerman.\\n3d. L.H.Eastman.\\n1868.\\n1st Ward Fred. W. Carlisle\\n2d Peter Ge sler\\nGeorge W. Morley (to fill\\nvacancy)\\n3d. John O. Owen\\n....Alfred B. Wood (to fill\\nvacancy)\\nISO!).\\n1st Ward William J. Bartow\\nFred. W. Carlisle\\n2d Seth McLean\\n.Jeremiah Fisher\\n3d Andrew Leyerer\\nWilliam H. Stearns\\n4th Noah C Richardson\\nThomas Saylor\\n5th George W Merrill\\nJoe A. Holion\\n6th David A. Duncan\\nHerbert H. Hoyt\\n1870.\\n1st Ward Martin O Brien\\n2d Jeremiah Fisher\\n3d William H.Stearns\\n4th Thomas Saylor\\n5th Eraslus T. Judd\\n3th Herbert H. Hoyt\\n1871.\\n1st Ward William J. Bartow\\n2d Charles H. Smith\\n3d ..Andrew Leyerer\\n4th George C. Sanborn\\n5th Amos S.Parke\\n6th Murlin C. Osborn\\n1872.\\n1st Ward Sanford Keeler\\n2d Walter Fitzgerald\\n3d Daniel Forrest\\n4th Alexander Ferguson\\n5th Ferd. A. Ashley\\n^*h Roderick Eastman\\n1873.\\n1st Ward William J.Bartow\\n2d Charles Ten Evck\\n3d Marshal G. Smith\\n4th George B. Wiggins\\n5th John C. Valentine\\n6th Murlin C. Osborn\\n1874.\\n1st Ward ..Martin O Brien\\n2d Adam Wegst\\n3d Daniel Forrest\\n4th Irving M. Smith\\n5th Ferd. A. Ashley\\n6th Royal H. Loomi s\\n7th William H. raurbrey\\n8th Hemy M. Youmans\\n1875.\\n1 st Ward Charles Harris\\n2d Thomas E. Doughty\\n3d Jacob Schwartz\\n4th Frank Lawrence\\n5th John C. Valentine\\n6th Robert Davidson\\n7th Henry Shorey\\n8th .Herman Blankerts\\n1876.\\n1st Ward William J. Bartow\\n2d .Adam Wegst\\n3d :.Leander Simoneau\\n4th Charles B. Headlev\\n5th Ferd A. Ashley\\n6th William Topping\\n7th C. DeWitt Valentine\\n8th Henry M. Youmans\\n1877.\\n1st Ward Charles Harris\\n2d John J. Winsor\\n3d Daniel Forrest\\n4th Benjamin B. Ross\\n5th William E. Wvlie\\n6th John Welch\\n7th Asad E.Wilson\\n8th Charles P. Hess\\n1878.\\n1st Ward William J. Bartow\\n2d Adam Wegst\\n3d Leander Simoneau\\n4th Charles B. Headley\\n5th Joseph Armstrong\\n6th Daniel P. Barron\\n7th John Howard\\n8th Curtis K. Wellman\\n1879.\\n1st Ward Daniel W. Osborn\\n2d Egbert F. Guild\\n3d Daniel Fonv t\\n4th Hemy S. Wilson\\n5th George T. Merrill\\n6th Frank Plumb\\n7th John H. Cook\\n8th Samuel M. Porter", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0508.jp2"}, "507": {"fulltext": "CITY 01 I Wl SAGINAW.\\n505\\n1880.\\n1st Ward Fames B. Coverl\\n2d Christian Banning\\n,il Adam W egsl\\n41 h lohn F. Winkler\\n5th William J. Loveland\\n6th Daniel P. Barron\\nTill Jolin Howard\\nstii Sanford B. Teed\\nPRESENT OFFICERS- 1*81.\\nMayor lohn Welch\\nRecorder robn II. .McDonald\\nUlerk Ferd. A Ashley\\nTreasurer William T. Wicfcware\\nController Henry M. Newton\\njsor lharles F. Shaw\\nM irshal T. Daily Mower\\nAttorney Oscar F. Wisner\\nDirector of the Poor Exeter Lepp\\nPolice .Justice Conrad Fey\\nAXDERMBN.\\nl-i Ward George W. Goulding\\nlame- s. loverl\\n2d Ward Christian Henning\\nKoliert Davidson\\n3d il Adam Wegsl\\nLeander Bimoneau\\n4th John F. Winkler\\nJohn D. Ros e\\n5th George C. Merrill\\nWilliam J. Loveland\\nGth Oliver C. Becker\\n.Daniel P. Barron\\n7th John Howard\\nGeorge L. Remington\\n8th .Sanford B. Teed\\nDavid K. Halsey\\nSALARIES OF CITY OFFICIALS IN L881.\\nCitj Assessor, including pay of as-\\nBistanl for a portion of the year.f 1,500\\nCity Attorney 1,200\\nCity Clerk... 1,500\\nController 1,800\\nPolice Justice 400\\nTreasurer 2,200\\nPhyscian, including medicine.. Too\\nDirector of the Poor 600\\nBtreet Commissioner 900\\nHealth Officer 400\\nI Assistant in supply store and to\\nStreet Commissioner 600\\nBridge Tender 1,275\\nHarbor Master 50\\nJanitor to City Hall 180\\nTelephone, night operator 600\\nily Engineer, \u00c2\u00a34 per diem for\\ntime employed 900\\nA--istant to City Engineer, $1.50\\nfor time employed.\\nFIRE DEPARTMENT.\\nChief and Foreman of Hose Co.\\nNo. 1 si, ooo\\nTeamsterof Hose Co. No. 1.\\nForeman of Hose Co. No.6.\\n$600\\n320\\nIn connection with this matter it may be interesting to note the\\nsalaries of city officers in previous years. The schedule tor the\\nyears named shows as follows:\\n1873. 1879. 1880.\\nsl. 150 $1,200 $1,200\\nAttorney 800 800 1,200\\nClerk.. 1,800 1,300 1,300\\nController 1,200 1.250 1.500\\nTreasurer 2,200 2,200 2.200\\nPhysician 500 500 500\\nPolice .Justice. 500 400 400\\nDirector of the\\nPoor\\nStreet Commis-\\nsioner\\nHealth Officer...\\nHarbor Master.\\nL878, 1879.\\n750\\n100\\n500\\n750\\n100\\n50\\n1SSO\\n$600 $000 $000\\n?50\\n200\\n50\\nTHE (II V SCHOOL8.\\nThe schools of East Saginaw are well conducted. They form so\\nmany testimonials oi public enterprise in this direction. With a", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0509.jp2"}, "508": {"fulltext": "506\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nliberality truly surprising the people did something even foreign\\nto the principles of the republic, by the establishment of the Ger-\\nmania School and this at a time when the question of abolishing\\nGerman classes in the Chicago schools was being agitated.\\nThe following statements, dealing with school statistics as well as\\nwith the educators of East Saginaw, are compiled simply as a his-\\ntorical summary. In the sketch, which concludes this portion of the\\ncity history, the various occurrences and persons connected with\\nthese schools are reviewed.\\nThe following tables, dealing with the city schools from 1851 to\\n1881, are valuable, as they present to the reader at a glance the\\nprogress of the schools as well as the names of educators and direct-\\nors. The first table deals with the school census, the number of\\nteachers employed, and in some instances the amount paid such\\nteachers:\\nYear.\\n1851\\n1852\\n1853\\n1854\\n1855\\n1856\\n18 V7\\n1858\\n1859\\n1860\\n1861\\n1862\\n1863\\n1864\\n1865\\n1866\\n1867\\n1868\\n1869\\n1870\\n1871\\n1872\\n1873\\n1874\\n1875\\n1876\\n1877\\n1878\\n1879\\n1880\\nCensus\\nTota\\nEnrollme t\\nNo.\\nTeachers\\nAmount\\nTeacheis\\nSalaries.\\n118\\n2\\n230\\n3\\n298\\n358\\n3\\n3\\n630\\n539\\n4\\n4\\n646\\n5\\n628\\n5\\n725\\n367\\n7\\n1,701\\n801\\n425\\n5\\n1,753\\n851\\n649\\n5\\n1,210\\n1,089\\n700\\n6\\n1,873\\n1,565\\n623\\n9\\n1,578\\n1,536\\n760\\n9\\n3,222\\n2,067\\n778\\n10\\n3,914\\n2,236\\n1,166\\n19\\n4,627\\n2,632\\n1,620\\n18\\n8,854\\n2,456\\n1,790\\n20\\nll,5fc0\\n2, 40\\n1,966\\n23\\n13,220\\n3,159\\n2,010\\n28\\n14,674\\n3,085\\n2,574\\n35\\n18,130\\n3,594\\n2,488\\n35\\n18,260\\n4,134\\n2,798\\n47\\n19,912\\n4,91)6\\n3,086\\n49\\n24,795\\n5,130\\n3,266\\n55\\n28,251\\n5,130\\n3,159\\n52\\n27,347\\n5,155\\n3,177\\n52\\n26,126\\n5,093\\n3,088\\n53\\n26,790\\n5,327\\n3,018\\n55\\n26,128\\n5 327\\n3,249\\n55\\n26,875\\nFrom what has been stated in connection with the history of the\\nschool buildings of the city, it is evident that the citizens have always\\ntaken a deep interest in educational matters. The following tables\\nrelative to the erection of the schools point to this fact, and prove", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0510.jp2"}, "509": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW.\\nclearlv that in the midst of a busy city commerce, the citizens ne\\nforget the school:\\nSchool.\\nNo. 1 District\\nWadsworth\\nCentral\\nCrary\\nPotter\\nHoughton\\nEmerson\\nHoyl\\nSalina\\ntermania.\\nBiffh School..\\nWhen Opened.\\nMay,\\nJanuary,\\nNov.,\\nApril,\\nSept.,\\nJanuary,\\nLocation.\\n1852 Jefferson, between Hoyt and Emerson.\\n1858 German Colony Iload, near Genesee street.\\nI860\\n1868\\n1870\\n1872\\n1873\\n1881\\nGerman street, between Clay and Rockwell.\\nCarroll street, between Webster and Warren.\\nNorman street, between Fifth and Sixth.\\nJohnson street, between Ninth and Tenth.\\nMaria street, between Mott and Emily.\\nJefferson street, between Hoyt and Emerson.\\nMackinaw street.\\nTuscola street, between Third and Fourth.\\nThe names of the school buildings, location, etc., now in ope\\ntion, are given in the following table:\\n2|\\nE\\nz z\\nLocation.\\no\\ntz|\\n71\\nc\\nw\\no\\np\\n3\\ns\\n6,\\nCO\\no\\na\\nB\\nCo\\n00\\nWood\\n4\\n236\\nBrick\\n4\\n264\\nWood\\n4 222\\nBrick\\n6 462\\nBrick\\n7 510\\nBrick\\n2 118\\nBrick\\n6\\n325\\nBrick\\n4\\n211\\nWood\\n1\\n40\\nBrick\\n4\\n227\\nWood\\n4\\n:J04\\nBrick\\n6\\n40\\n7\\n07\\n12\\nPotter\\nCrary\\nHoughton.\\nOennania....\\nVntral\\nJones\\nHoyt\\nEmerson\\nWadsworth\\nSweet\\nSalina\\nHigh School\\n1st\\n2d\\n3d.\\n3d.\\n3d.\\n4th.\\n5th.\\n6th.\\n6th.\\n7th.\\n8th.\\nCorner of Fifth and Warren streets\\nCorner of Carroll and W r ebster streets.\\nJohnson, bet. Eighth and Ninth streets.\\nCorner of Third and Tuscola streets\\nGerman, bet. Clay and Rockwell streets.\\nCherry, between Ninth and Tenth streets\\nBet. Hoyt, Emerson, Jefferson and Cass sts.\\nBetween Merrill and Mott streets\\nGerman Colony Road, near Genesee\\nMackinaw street.\\nPRINCIPAL TEACHERS.\\nC. T. Disbrow 1850\\nMai v A. Rice 1852\\nI.O. Selden 1853\\nI C. Warner.. 1854\\nR. II. Steel 1855\\nA. L.Bingham 1856\\nP s. Beisrodt 1860\\nW .1. Lusk 1S00\\nI). B. Sui -gis 1SH0\\nO.J. Myers 18 H\\n1 If. Ballon 1805\\nE. M. Mason 18,5\\nWm. S. Tennant\\nI. Estabrook, Supt\\nL.C.Hall, Principal\\nA. L. Cumminffs, Principal.\\nI. P. Vroman, Priocipal\\nH. S. Tarbell, Supt\\nMiF8 E. J. Clark, Principal\\nO. D. Thompson, Principal\\nProf. Owens, Principal\\nC. T.Beatty\\nJoseph C. Jones, Supt 1877", "height": "3546", "width": "2591", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0511.jp2"}, "510": {"fulltext": "506\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nliberality truly surprising the people did something even foreign\\nto the principles of the republic, by the establishment of the Ger-\\nmania School and this at a time when the question of abolishing\\nGerman classes in the Chicago schools was being agitated.\\nThe following statements, dealing with school statistics as well as\\nwith the educators of East Saginaw, are compiled simply as a his-\\ntorical summary. In the sketch, which concludes this portion of the\\ncity history, the various occurrences and persons connected with\\nthese schools are reviewed.\\nThe following tables, dealing with the city schools from 1851 to\\n1881, are valuable, as they present to the reader at a glance the\\nprogress of the schools as well as the names of educators and direct-\\nors. The first table deals with the school census, the number of\\nteachers employed, and in some instances the amount paid such\\nteachers:\\nYear.\\n1851\\n1852\\n1853\\n1854\\n1855\\n1856\\n18 Y7\\n1858\\n1859\\n1860\\n1861\\n1862\\n1863\\n1864\\n1865\\n1866\\n1867\\n1868\\n1869\\n1870\\n1871\\n1872\\n1873\\n1874\\n1875\\n1876\\n1877\\n1878\\n1879\\n1880\\nCensus\\nTota\\nEurolluie t\\nNo.\\nTeachers\\nAmount\\nTeachei s\\nSalaries.\\n118\\n2\\n230\\n3\\n298\\n358\\n630\\n539\\n3\\n3\\n4\\n4\\n646\\n5\\n628\\n5\\n725\\n367\\n7\\n1,701\\n801\\n425\\n5\\n1,753\\n851\\n649\\n5\\n1,210\\n1,089\\n700\\n6\\n1,873\\n1,565\\n623\\n9\\n1,578\\n1,536\\n760\\n9\\n3,222\\n2,067\\n778\\n10\\n3,914\\n2,236\\n1,166\\n19\\n4,627\\n2,632\\n1,620\\n18\\n8,854\\n2,456\\n1,790\\n20\\nll.ofcO\\n2, 40\\n1,966\\n23\\n13,220\\n3,159\\n2,010\\n28\\n14,674\\n3,085\\n2,574\\n35\\n18,130\\n3,594\\n2,488\\n35\\n18,260\\n4,134\\n2,798\\n47\\n19,912\\n4,91(6\\n3,086\\n49\\n24,795\\n5,130\\n3,266\\n55\\n28,251\\n5,130\\n3,159\\n52\\n27,347\\n5,155\\n3,177\\n52\\n26,126\\n5,093\\n3,088\\n53\\n26,790\\n5,327\\n3,018\\n55\\n26,128\\n5 327\\n3,249\\n55\\n26,875\\nFrom what has been stated in connection with the history of the\\nschool buildings of the city, itis evident that the citizens have always\\ntaken a deep interest in educational matters. The following tables\\nrelative to the erection of the schools point to this fact, and prove", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0512.jp2"}, "511": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW.\\nclearly that in the midst of a busy city commerce,\\nforget the school:\\nthe citizens ne\\nSchool. When Opened.\\nLocation.\\nNo. 1 District.\\nWadsworth\\nCentral.\\nrury\\nPotter.\\nHoughton\\nEmerson.\\nHoyt\\nSalina..\\nGermania 8ept.,\\nHigh School.. January\\n1852 Jefferson, between Hoyt and Emerson.\\n1858 German Colony Road, near Genesee street\\nGerman street, between Clay and Rockwell.\\nCarroll street, between Webster and Warren.\\nNorman street, between Fifth and\\nJohnson street, between Ninth and lenth.\\nMaria street, between Mott and Emily.\\nJefferson street, between Hoyt and Emerson.\\nMackinaw street.\\nTuscola street, between Third and Fourth.\\nThe names of the school buildings, location, etc.. now in op\\ntion, are given in the following table:\\nPotter\\nCrary\\nHoughton.\\nGermania.\\nCentral\\nJones\\nHoyt\\nEmerson.\\nWadsworth\\nSweet\\nSalina\\nHiirli School\\n1st\\n3d\\n3d.\\n3d\\n3d\\n4th\\n5th\\n6th\\n6th\\n7th\\n8th\\nCorner of Fifth and Warren streets\\nCorner of Carroll and Webster streets.\\nJohnson, bet. Eishth and Ninth streets.\\nCorner of Third and Tuscola streets\\nGerman, bet. Clay and Rockwell streets.\\nCherry, between Ninth and Tenth streets\\nBet. Hoyt, Emerson, Jefferson and Cass sts.\\nBetween Merrill and Mott streets\\nGerman Colony Road, near Genesee\\nMackinaw street.\\nWood\\nBrick\\nWood\\nBrick\\nBrick\\nBrick\\nBrick\\nBrick\\nWood\\nBrick\\nWood\\nBrick\\n236 6.\\n264 25\\n222\\n6\\n25\\n40\\n462\\n510\\n118\\n325\\n211\\n40\\n227 12\\n304 8\\n37\\nU\\nPRINCIPAL TEACHERS.\\nC. T. Disbrow 1850\\nMary A. Rice 1852\\nLO.Selden 1853\\nI. C Warner.. 1854\\nI! 11. Steel 1855\\nA. L.Bingham 1 S;\\nP. S Heisrodt I860\\n\\\\Y .1. Lusk I860\\nD.B. suc-gis ISfiO\\nC.J.Myers. I8 r \u00c2\u00bbl\\n1. M. Ballou l sr\\ni; M. Mason l* J\\nWm. S. Tennant\\nI. Estabrook, Supt\\nL. C. Hall, Principal\\nA. L- Cummings, Principal\\nI. P. Vroman, Priocipal\\nH. S. Tarbell, Supt\\nMbs E. J. Clark, Principal\\nO. I). Thompson, Principal\\nProf. Owens, Principal\\nC. T. Beatty\\nJoseph C. Jones, Supt 187", "height": "3617", "width": "2590", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0513.jp2"}, "512": {"fulltext": "\u00c2\u00bb8\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTEACHERS FROM 1S59 TO 1877\\nThe following is the list of teachers employed in the public\\nhools of East Saginaw, with the dates of their services:\\nL. Bingham 1859\\niss A. M. Burt 1859\\niss Mattie Merrill 1859\\niss Harriet Weller 1859- 61\\nrs. C. E. Stearns 1859-73\\niss M. E. Gillett 1859- 66\\niss Wilson 1859\\niss M. Barbour 1859- 60\\niss Amanda Woodruff 1859\\nrs. H. T. Ferris 1860- l\\niss Penny 1860\\nber AYoodruff .1860\\niss Elizabeth Woodruff 1860- 3\\nis A. E. Dodge 1860- l\\nss Wellington 1860\\n8. Heisrodt, 3 mos 1860\\nilliam J. Lusk 1860\\nB. Sturgis, Apr 1860\\nJ. Meyers, Apr 1861\\ns. M. H. M yers 186l- 5\\nss Mary A. Bice 1861-4\\nss McCane 1861\\nss Sarah McKnight 1862- 4\\nss M. M Hough 1863- o\\nss Louise Johuson 1863-77\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0s. Emma Obenauer l864- 75\\nss Rose McEachron (Le Roy)1864\\nss M. L. Brophy 1864\\nss Ida Woodruff 1864- 76\\nssT. E. Ingledew 1864- 67\\nss L. E. Ashmun (Piper) 1864- 77\\n*s J A. Sanborn 1864\\nssPrall 1864\\nss A. Ashmun (Piper) 1864- 75\\nss Eliza Burt 1865- 7\\nss M. Lathrop 1865\\nncs M. Ballou,2 mos 186\\nM. Mason, Apr 1865- 6\\nBS L. A. Hayden 18 6\\n5S M. E. Skillen 1866- 71\\ns. R. L. De Land 1866- 77\\nS.Teunant 186(5\\nss Emma E. Hatliaway 1866- 70\\nEstabro- k 1866- 7l\\nss Isabella Martin l866- 8\\nss M. Graham 1866- 7\\nss A. M. Johnson 1866- 7\\nss M. Barbour 1866\\n3s E. Denton 1866- 7\\nss M. L. De Land 1866- 7\\naisHall 1866 -7\\nL. Gibson 1866- 72\\n3.V. Wheat 1867- 8\\nL. Oummings 1867\\nss Jennie Duncan 1867\\n3sC. A. Stone 1867- 9\\n38 S. Buchner 1867- 8\\nss N. A. Blood 1867-70\\nMiss H. McNamara 1867-74\\nJ. P. Vroman 1868- 71\\nMissS. M. Miller 1838-71\\nMiss Erline Passage 1868\\nMiss Emma Plsher 1868- 7q\\nMiss Ida Plessner 1868- 70\\nMiss L. O. Wilson 1868- 9\\nMiss L. Van Doran 1868\\nMiss M. Barton 1868\\nMiss Mary Woodruff 1868- 75\\nMiss Helen Plumb ..1868-72\\nMiss Floia E. Wood 1868- 70\\nMiss C. Westbrook 186^-\\nMiss Sarah Ten Eyck 1868- 70\\nMrs. H. O Donnell 1868\\nMiss Mario u Hathaway 1869- 74\\nMiss Emma L. Bower 1869-70\\nMiss Lillie Wight 1869-\\nMiss E. Joe Clark 1867- 72\\nMiss Nellie Fuller 1870- 1\\nMiss Anna Buckner 1870- 7\\nMiss Rosalie Stearns 1870- 3\\nMrs. J. Hays 1870\\nMrs. Rose Le Roy 1870-\\nMiss Sarah E. Clayton 1870- 2\\nMiss Marion E. Goldie 1870- 7\\nMiss A. L. Davis 1870- 5.\\nMiss M. L. Spalding 1870- 4\\nMiss E. Wilcox 1870 3\\nL. Fetzu- 187 4\\nConstantine Watz 1870\\nS. M. Webb 1870\\nPhilip Keinath 1870-7\\nMiss S. E. Wood 1870\\nMrs. C. A. Mann 1870- 2\\nMi-s A. J.Scoville 1871\\nMrs. J. D. McKenney 1871-\\nMiss Ara Avery 1871\\nMiss H. F. Coldie 1*71-7\\nMrs. E. M. Cleland 1871- 5\\nMiss Ardie Merrill 1871- 3\\nMiss L. Y. Palmer 1871-7\\nMiss A. Frank 1871-7\\nMiss P. Talbot 1871- 6\\nMiss J. Caughell 1871-7\\nHorace S. Tarbell 1871-7\\nO. D. Thompson 1872 6\\nMiss A. S. Brooks 1872-7\\nMiss Camilla Richardson 1872- 5\\nMiss Idella Avery 1872\\nMiss P. A. Vinton 1872- 5\\nMiss A. E. Wight 1872- 5\\nMissR, Alice Wells 1872- 5\\nMiss Helen Christ 1872-7\\nMiss Hattie Martin 1872-7\\nMiss Maggie Merrill 1872-7\\nMiss Emm i Final 1872-7\\nMiss Eva De Land l872- 5", "height": "3607", "width": "2385", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0514.jp2"}, "513": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EA8T SAKINAW.\\n5(\\nMiss Sarab Humphrey 1872-\\n.Mrs. E. McGregor. l872- 4\\nas gnea Sinclair is;:;\\nMisa I.. J. Quack nbush 1873- 7\\nMisa \\\\nnie S. Peck l873- 4\\nMiss M Williams L873- 6\\nMisa Eva Williams 1873- 6\\nMi-s i;. E. Selleck 1873- J\\nMiss M Hyland 1873- 5\\nMiss J. M. Campbell l873- 7\\nMiss Alice (lark 1873- 4\\nA liable 1874 and 1877\\nMiss Ma P. Midler 1873- 6\\nMiss Lizzie Richardson 1873- 7\\nMisa P. J.Green 1873- 7\\nMi-s B. Stanard 1873- 7\\nMiss Tisdale 1*73\\nM iss Mary A. Shattuck l873- 6\\nMiss Anna E, Alexander 1874 7\\nMiss L. P. Patton is; U g\\nMiss Lulu E. Avery 1874- 7\\nMiss .Jessie Loomis 1874- 7\\nMi-s [della Allen !874- 5\\nMiss Helen Kollmargen 1*74\\nMiss R. .1. Davison. 1874- 7\\nMisa A Ziegner 1*74\\nMiss Marv A. Abel 1874- 7\\nMiss Lizzie Gage 1874\\nMiss Lizzie Richardson 1 Q 74-\\nMiss Anna M. Chandler 1874\\nMrs. Frank Leroy 1874-\\nMiss Lillie Talbot 1874-\\nMrs. Helen Child 1S75\\nMiss Eva English 1875-\\nMiss Clara Alberti 1875-\\nMiss Linda Final 1S7.V\\nMiss Nellie Caughell 1875-\\nMiss Klsie Forbes 1876\\nMiss Theresa E. Jones 1*77\\nMiss Clara E. Sellick 187q-\\nMiss Fannie M. Derby 1876-\\nMiss Hattie Moore 1876-\\nMiss Annie Burgermeister l876- i\\nMiss Emma Reimschneider. 1 876 1\\nMiss Pauline Pranae 1876-\\nMiss Mary Hook. 1876-\\nMiss Emma Weaver 1876-\\nMiss Josephine Miller 1876-\\nMiss Clara Humphrey 1876-\\nMiss Bettie Neimstedt is7(i-\\nOliver G. Owen 1876-\\nI. S. Townsend 1873-\\nW. L. Smith 1874-\\nOFFICKU- OF SCHOOL DISTRICT NO 1, TP. OF BUEXA VISTA.\\n1851.\\nI. T. Calkins Moderator\\nII. B. Hubbard Moderator\\n1 W Norton Director\\nI.E. Voorhees Director\\n1852.\\nII. B. Hubbard Moderator\\nM. L. Gage Director\\n1853.\\nil. 15. Hubbard Moderator\\nW m. L Webber Director\\n1854.\\nMorgan L. Gage Moderator\\nL. 11. Eastman -Moderator\\nWm. L. Webber Direct\\n1855.\\nR. C. Newton Moderate\\nD. W. C. Gage Directoj\\n1856.\\nChester B Jones Moderate 1\\nW. H. Warner Moderate\\nD. W. C. Gage Directc\\n1857.\\nHenry Woodruff Moderate\\nCharles I. Disbrowe Directo\\n1858.\\nJ. S.Curtis Moderate\\nGeo. W. Merrill Directo\\nBOARD OF EDUCATION, 1859- 81.\\nA. T. Disbrowe 1859\\nChester B. Jones 1859- 71\\nJohn J. Wheeler 1859, 64- 5\\nG.J. Dorr 1859\\n8 B. Knapp l859- 65\\nVolusin Bude 1S. )9- G4\\nHarvey Joslin i860\\nJ. W. Thorn- i860\\nGeo. W. Morris I860\\nGeo, Waldron i860\\nGeo. W. Merrill 1860- 8\\nA.G. Bissell lSGl-^\\nWm. K Little 1861\\nC. K. Kobinson 1861- 2\\nI. Erd 186P-2\\nF. A. Kochler 1862- 3\\nP. Glynn 1862\\nMichael Jeffers I860\\nCharles Garrison 186o 8\\nW. G. Dietz 1863\\nChauncev H. Gage 1863\\nH. S. Collins 1864\\nGeo. C. Warner l864- 70\\nN. C.Richardson 1864", "height": "3556", "width": "2601", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0515.jp2"}, "514": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nW. Miller 1864\\ni Watz 1865\\nI. Eastman I860\\nj. C. Sanborn 865\\nInn Burl 1866-7\\nwin Aiken 1866\\nfcaas M. James 1866\\nW. Perkins .1866\\nis. Morley 1866\\nI Estabrook 1867- 8\\nlp. Passage 1867\\nfader Simoneau 1868- 9\\nfc-les E. Doughty 1868- 71\\nP. Brewer 1868\\niK. Jewett 1869\\nI. Valentine 1869-70\\nChas. Ten Eyck 1869-70\\nIsaac Delano 1869-70\\nL.M.Scott 1869-70\\nGeo. B Brooks 1869-70\\nJ. H.Leavenworth 1869-70\\nWm. A. Lewis 1869-70\\nCharles Harris 1870-71\\nGeo. W.Morley 1870-71\\nJames Gleeson 1870-71\\nGeo. G.Cook 1870-71\\nWm.H. Coats 1870-71\\nE. Anneke 1870-71\\nC. Beierle 1870-71\\nA. Eymer 1871\\nGeo. T. Butler. c 1871\\nA. L. Ingham 1871\\n1872.\\nI.W. Morley, President.\\nI 1. Harris,\\nj H. Coats,\\nkJeierle,\\nP. Butler,\\nfe. Jones,\\nAnneke.\\n{hard Wren,\\nml. Newton,\\nkfickodemus,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2lp. Ripley.\\nIpridlender.\\n1873.\\ns 3Ster B.Jones, President.\\np. Mershon,\\nVnard Hesse,\\njliard Wren,\\nP. Mason,\\nV. Kipley,\\n|M. S. Vincent,\\n\u00c2\u00a7M. Youmans.\\nA. Harris,\\n,M. Newton,\\nNickodtmus,\\nW. Morley,\\n5 W. Ellis,\\n5 B. Terry,\\nfcambrey,\\n-A. Fridiender.\\nI 1874.\\nlister B. Jones, President.\\nW.Ellis,\\npl. Youmans,\\nWeston,\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0P. Mason,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Hesse,\\nE. Mershon,\\narles Harris,\\nchard Wren,\\nM. Newton,\\nhn Nerreter,\\no. W. Morley,\\nA. Fridiender,\\niron Linton,\\nI A. G. Anderson.\\nC. C. Martindale.\\n1875.\\nH.M. Youmans, President.\\nGeo. C. Cook,\\nJ.J. Wheeler,\\nB. Hesse,\\nN. H. Claflin,\\nAaron Linton,\\nGeo. W. Morley,\\nJohn Nerreter,\\nD. Forsyth Rose,\\nM. J. Bird,\\nThomas AY. Davis,\\nC. Martindale,\\nA. G. Anderson,\\nC. A. Fridiender,\\nRicaard Wren,\\nH. M. Newton.\\n1876.\\nH.M. Youmans, President.\\nEdmund Hartegan,\\nA. G. Anderson,\\nB. Hesse,\\nE. S. Catlin,\\nH. M. Newton,\\nFred Opperman,\\nThomas B. Spencer,\\nJ. L. Covert,\\nD. F. Rose,\\nAaron Linton,\\nJohn Nerreter,\\nT. W. Davis,\\nC. A. Holmes,\\nIsaac Delano.\\nW.H.Lowry.\\n1877.\\nSame board in control.\\n1878.\\nA. G. Anderson, President.\\nE. Wilber,\\nH. M. Newton,\\nB. Hesse.\\nPorter,\\nT. AY. Davis,\\nI. Delano,\\nJ. L. Covert,\\nE. S. Catlin,\\nsborn.\\nC. A. Holmes,\\nJ. Nerreter,\\nF. Opperman,\\nA. Linton,\\nT. B. Spencer,\\nD. F. Rose.\\n1879.\\nEdwin Saunders,President\\nBrooks,\\nAY. De Groat,\\nJ. Nerreter,\\nD. F. Rose,\\nJ. H. Conklin,\\nN. Merriam,\\nL. C. Storrs.\\nG. P. Butler,\\nG. N. Hauptman,\\nA. C. Robinson,\\nE. Wilber,\\nB. Hesse,\\nG. L. RemiDgton,\\nO. J. Sawyer,\\nOsborn.\\n1880.\\nEdwin Saunders,President\\nM. AY. Madigan,\\nGeo. S. Gould,\\nO. J. Hetherington,\\nAlbert D. Camp,\\nD. F. Rose,\\nW. De Groat.\\nGeo. P. Butler,\\nR. B. McKnight,\\nEdwin Saunders,\\nE. Feige,\\nJ. C. Humphrey,\\nL. C. Storrs,\\nG. N. Hauptman\\nG. L. Remington,\\nJ. H. Conklin.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0516.jp2"}, "515": {"fulltext": "CITY F. \\\\SI S VOIXAW.\\n511\\nBl. W. Madigan,\\nQ Bauptman,\\nR B McKnieht,\\nThos, B. Borden,\\nGeo. s. Gould,\\nJames N. Conklin,\\nEdwin Saunders,\\nBen l\\\\ 8eely,\\n.1. lit theringto n,\\nHarlan I*. Smith,\\nErnest Fei^e,\\nWilliam Maier,\\nA. D. Camp,\\nChas. Williams,\\nRichard Clark,\\n.1. V. Russell.\\nHISTORICAL SKETCH.\\nThe following sketch, prepared by a lady teacher, and presented\\nto the school hoard, is quoted in full:\\nThere is a little engraving representing East Saginaw in 1S49\\noccasionally found adorning the residences of our townsmen. A\\nfew neat little houses, or rather shanties, scattered along the river\\nhack of them dense woods; such was East Saginaw l 4 years ago.\\nBut we may he sure that the little shanty town had even then a\\nschool, for the early settlers were people accustomed to i\u00c2\u00bbive those\\nunder their charge educational advantages, who felt it would never\\ndo to have the children out of school. Among the earliest remi-\\nniscences of our city we find a private school, kept by Mr. Tru-\\nman Fox. in a shanty on the place where the Bancroft House now\\nstands. There were only private schools during the first years of\\nthe settlement, huta little later we find that Morgan L. Gage, school\\ndirector of district number one, Buena Vista township, engaged Dr.\\nDisbrow to teach the first district school. This was taught in the\\nbuilding on the corner of Washington and Emerson streets, the\\nupper room of which served as school-room, the teacher residing\\nbelow. The same building is standing yet, hut the pretty Gothic\\ncottage known as Mr. McCormick s residence is probably not much\\nlike the original phmk house which may have been minus verandas\\nand additions.\\nSchool district No. 1, of the township of Buena Vista, was\\norganized March 10, 1851. There had been a district organization,\\nincluding the sections of land on which the city now stands, before\\nthis date, but the growing village was at that time, with some out-\\nlying territory, constituted a district by itself. The first meeting\\nof the voters of the new district was held March 15, 1S51. At this\\nmeeting it was voted to raise $2,000 to build a school-house and\\n$20 for globes and apparatus. Truly, a liberal and wise movement\\non the part of the young district. The plan of the school-house\\nwas presented by J. E. Voorhies, which was accepted, with the\\nproviso that it cost no more than $2,000.\\nAt the next meeting of the inhabitants of school district No. 1, it\\nwa- ascertained that at the lowest estimate the cost of said house\\nwould amount to $2,600. Norman Little, Esq., proposed to the\\nmeeting to build the house as specified for $12, 500, and take in pay-\\nment the tax therefor authorized when collected, and a mortgage on\\nthe house for 8500, payable in five years. This generous, public-\\nspirited proposition was, as one would suppose, unanimously\\naccepted. Miss Rice, the first teacher in the new building, said:\\nIt was the largest and best at that time in Northern Michigan.", "height": "3556", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0517.jp2"}, "516": {"fulltext": "512 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMost of onr readers remember the old Academy in its original\\nform. For the benefit of th se who came here too late to see our\\nancient land-mark, we will bay that it was a commodious, square\\nbuilding, resting on a stone foundation, containing below two large\\nrooms, one on each side of a large hall, and up stairs one very large\\nroom, or hall, with recitation-room and wardrobe. It was finished\\nin 1852. A male teacher from the East had, been engaged to Leach\\nthe school, and Miss Mary Rice (then teaching in Saginaw City)\\nhad been hired as assistant, at a salary of $7.00 per week, but when\\nthe principal failed to come, she stepped briskly into his shoes\\nwithout change of salary. Speaking of the experiences of this past\\nyear, Miss Rice said but very recently: I could see the beautiful\\nnew school-house from my room at the Webster House, in Saginaw\\nCity. Looking over toward it, the morning I was to commence\\nmy work there, and remembering that, instead of the comparatively\\neasy work of an assistant, I was to fulfill the more arduous task of\\nthe Principal, I felt over-awed and timid. I never can do it. I\\nwas beginning to sigh, when courage came back, saying: Yes, you\\ncan. So I went over resolved to be equal to my work, and to give\\nmyself entirely to it. The first day I was alone with a house full\\nof pupils, large and small, untaught and advanced, all sorts and all\\nsizes. At my suggestion, Mr. M. L. Gage secured the services of\\nMiss Charlotte Messer (Mrs. Norman L. Miller, Saginaw City),\\nwho was then teaching a private school. After classifying our\\nscholars so that she had about 60 juniors, I was still left with as\\nmany as the upper room would seat. So Miss Clara Dean, of Pine\\nRun, was engaged as my assistant. Every boat landing at the\\nwharf brought them new comers; they poured in daily, and of\\nchildren there was a fair share. Miss Miser s room was soon\\ncrowded to the utmost, and Miss Nelly Little (Mrs. Derby) was\\ncalled to assist her. Our salaries were moderate (ranging from $1\\nto $7 per week), and were paid monthly.\\nMiss Rice speaks with enthusiasm of this year of her teaching\\nin East Saginaw, of the remarkably good behavior of the scholars,\\nand the good will and interest for teachers and school evinced by\\nparents and the public in general. We had company almost\\nevery da} 7 she said, and it encouraged and stimulated us\\ngreatly. We are sorry to say that teachers of the present day are\\nnot as much blessed with visitors. It was not always easy to get\\nto the school-house. Jefferson street, toward the south, was\\nmarked by a line of stumps; west was the bayou, and east and\\nsouth dense woods. Such splendid woods! full of mosquitoes they\\nwere, too. These came in clouds; if not thick enough to darken\\nthe air, thick enough to oblige us to build l smudges in day-time.\\nWe had a floating bridge over the bayou. Often when we (Miss\\nMesser and I) got on, our affectionate scholars would throng\\naround us, and the bridge would sink two, three and six inches in\\nwater, so that we often taught all day with damp feet. But we\\nwere young, strong and happy, and neither feared nor minded a", "height": "3525", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0518.jp2"}, "517": {"fulltext": "I IV OF EAST SAGINAW. 515\\ncold mnch. It seems the teachers had to contend for some time\\nwith similar difficulties in reaching the school-house, for the\\nreport of the proceedings of the Common Council of -lime 1, 1857,\\npublished in the Saginaw Week/;/ Enterprise of June 5, 1857, men-\\ntions a petition of Sarah Beeman andMrs. 0. IStearns, praying that\\nthu road leading to the Academy from Washington street be\\nrepaired, bo that teachers and scholars might he able to attend to\\ntheir duties without wading ankle-deep in mud and water. In\\nsubsequent reports, published in the same paper, we find that Geo.\\n\\\\V. Men-ill, at three different times, moved to repair said road,\\nwhich motion was always unanimously adopted and referred to the\\ncommittee on streets, with power to act at once.\\nAt the end of this pleasant school year there was held an\\nexhibition and picnic. It was uot very easy to fetch such things\\nto the school-house as seemed necessary for the occasion. Mr.\\n-lames L Webber, however, undertook to draw the lumber, and to\\nconstruct the seats for the visitors in the grove near the school-\\nhouse. Let not the reader of l s 7- undertake such an effort made\\n20 years ago. There was but one place of crossing the bayou\\nwith team-, which was at the bridge on what is now called Gen-\\nstreet, [n stead of driving due south as he could do to-day,\\nMr. W. had to drive north and east and west and south, wherever\\nhe could find terra firma for his team and a passage through\\nbrush and stumps. However, he succeeded, for the exhibition\\ncame off in style. According to the report in the paper, and the\\ntraditions existing, there were refreshments and speeches, vary-\\ning with declamations and music. There was an essay read by\\nChauncey Gage, then a scholar in the upper department, which\\nreceived a highly commendatory notice, and the exercises were\\nclosed with an address delivered by Mr. W. L. Webber, who had\\na short time before become a resident of this place.\\nThe Weekly Enterprise of Sept. 21, 1853, contains a communi-\\ncation signed \u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2William L. Webber, Director, announcing the\\nopening of the school year under the superintendency of Mr. J.\\nSheldon. Principal, who was assisted by Misses Emeline and\\nClara Dean. The school attendance of the year 1853 was 200.\\nThe school was kept seven months (according to the report on file\\nfor 1853), and the whole amount paid to teachers was s4S Be-\\nsides the common English branches, the report mentions philoso-\\nophy, physiology, botany, algebra, 1 kkeeping and vocal music\\nas subjects taught in the school. The next principal was Mr.\\nWarner, who, according to trustworthy information, won the\\naffection and esteem of the school in a very short time. Miss Rice\\ntaught with him. We have no certainty on the point, but good\\nreason to believe that Miss M. Gillett first taught in the same year.\\nWe -hall hereafter have occasion to -peak of this faithful and\\nefficient worker in the schools. Mi Warner was a graduate of\\nVale, and eminently qualified for his position. His health seems\\nto have been feeble before he came. He died before the close of\\nthe year, ami was succeeded by Dr. R. H. Steel. This gentleman", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0519.jp2"}, "518": {"fulltext": "516 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nstayed but a short time. According to an official report, his con-\\ntract was annulled at a school meeting held Nov. 30, 1855.\\nUnder the heading Union School, the Enterprise of Dec. 21,\\n1855, brings a short local stating that the new teacher, Mr.\\nBino-ham. engaged to teach our school, has arrived, and will take\\ncharge of the school to-day. A little later, January, 1856, we\\nreadin the same paper: We are informed that the Union school\\nof our village is now in successful operation. The new principal,\\nMr. Bingham, gives general satisfaction. And take still February\\n8, there is a communication signed Citizen, which speaks in\\nhigh terms of Mr. Bingham s work and success, the improved dis-\\ncipline of the school, etc. Miss Rice is mentioned in the same\\npaper as teacher of the intermediate, and Mrs. C. S. Stearns as\\nhaving charge of the primary department. Miss Ingersoll was\\nthen assistant in the upper department. This lady could have\\nstayed but a short time, for in the same year Miss S. Beeman is\\nnamed as Mr. Bingham s assistant. During or at the end of this\\nyear Miss Rice left, and was succeeded by Miss Weller. Miss R.\\nwent to the Normal school, where she graduated a short time before\\nher return to our schools in 1S61.\\nAt the close of the winter term of this year, there seems to have\\nbeen a thorough examination of the schools, to which the public\\nwere invited by a communication signed by Mr. Bingham. The\\nschools in those days seemed to have engaged a fair share of atten-\\ntion of the public. The Union school is mentioned as having\\nformed part of a procession at the Fourth of July celebration, 1857.\\nAs to apparatus and books, however, we are at present better off\\nthan the schools were in 1857, judging from the fact that a school\\nmeeting was appointed on the 28th of September for the purpose\\nof voting a tax in order to procure a Webster s Dictionary.\\nAt a school meeting held Oct. 2, 1S57, the following officers were\\nelected: Dr. C. T. Disbrow, Director; Henry Woodruff, Moder-\\nator; Robert Pierson, Assessor; C. O. Garrison, Trustee, Norman\\nLittle and Alanson Griffin holding over. The number of scholars\\nwas given in the census of 1857 as 646. An appropriation of $100\\nfor building a school-house, ten rods from the plank road, near\\nMr. Wadsworth s corner, was also used at this meeting. About\\nthis time the First ward school-house, on the site of the present\\nCrary, had been built, and in the early clays this was called\\nrather a hard school. Miss Gillett, Miss Kimberly. Miss Weller,\\nMiss Rose McEachron, Miss Prall, and Miss Ashman taught there\\nsuccessively and successfully until we saw it disappearing to give\\nplace to the present elegant and commodious structure.\\nMr. Bingham taught through the year 1858. With him the\\nreport mentions four female teachers (Miss Beeman, Miss Weller,\\nMrs. Stearns and Miss Woodruff). The next important event was\\n,Mr. Bingham s resignation, tendered Oct. 24, 1859.\\nMr. lleisrodt, who had been his assistant during the year, was\\nelected to finish the term. In connection with this gentleman we", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0520.jp2"}, "519": {"fulltext": "CITY OF E Wl SAGINAW. 517\\nread of an action of the board allowing him his salary tat the rate\\nof $330 a year) during the time of his protracted illness. He was\\nelected princinaL/or the rest of the year at a salary of $700, Mr.\\nLnsk teaching as assistant. There seems to have been changeful,\\nif not stormy, times after the long calm and juietof the preceding\\nfour years, for Mr. Heisrodt also stayed only one term, leaving his\\nplace to be filled by his assistant.\\nThe tall term of l v began with Mr. Sturgis as principal, Mrs.\\nFerris as assistant, Misses Weller, Wood and Penny tilling the\\nother places. Mr. Sturgistried the experiment of moral suasion\\nwith the usual success; i. he left at the end of the year. The\\nBoard of Education (organized Feb. 14-. L859) discouraged by the\\nillsuccess of so many principals, and perhaps influenced by want\\nof means, discontinued the schools for the remainder of the year.\\nallowing the use bi the school-house to Misses Woodrufl and Gil-\\nlet t. for the purpose of keeping private schools.\\nThe tall term of (.861 began with Mr. Meyers, principal, Miss\\nas assistant; Miss Giltett, teacher of the intermediate depart-\\nment. After several changes, Mrs Meyers, wife of the principal,\\ntook charge of the primary department at the academy. Mr.\\nMeyers is still remembered by many of our citizens as a gentle-\\nman of high culture and pleasing manners, who taught the school\\nwith success until the end of the spring term in L865. Miss Rice\\nwas -imply \u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2coining home; she remained here, a highly popular\\nteacher, until the beginning of the spring term of L864, when she\\nleft to take a position at the Normal school, Mrs. Obenauer finish-\\ning her year. Under Mr. Meyers the Go-man was first taught as\\na branch of study in the public schools. The teacher of the inter-\\nmediate department, Miss M. Gillett (Mrs. Nelson, of Manistee),\\nhad by this time achieved a most enviable reputation as a teacher.\\nHer usefulness and influence were greater than that of most teachers.\\nHer efficient labors will long be remembered by her pupils and\\ntheir parents. She resigned her position near the close of the year\\n1865, almost exhausted with her constant toil.\\nThe Board of Education had by this time purchased the site where\\nthe Central school now stands. The school-house on this place\\nwas a large, barn-like, unpainted house, containing two large,\\npoorly furnished rooms. It was known as the Old Tin-shop\\nschool-house, having in its better days been a tin-shop. Miss L.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2loh n -on and Miss Sarah McKnighton have taught there since 1862.\\nThe scholars of theGerman Lutheran school, which was kept in a\\nsmall building opposite, assumed a belligerent attitude, and many\\nwere the battles fought between the scholar- of both schools. Be-\\nsides the German Lutheran school, there was another German\\nschool taught by several teachers; private schools in general be-\\ngan to multiply, owing to the insufficient accommodations in the\\npublic schools, and perhaps to the fact that, on this account, pri-\\nvate teaching offered greater inducements to teachers than the\\nthen very small salaries paid to female teachers in the public\\nschools. By degrees these things changed. Large, spacious", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0521.jp2"}, "520": {"fulltext": "518 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nschool-houses were built, the salaries of teachers considerably\\nraised, which had the effect of almost entirely destroying the de-\\nsire for private schools in the public as well as in teachers.\\nMr. Meyers was succeeded by Mr. Ballon, who, however, resigned\\nhis position in a tew weeks, when Miss Burt (Mrs. J. Gamble)\\nfilled his place until Mr. Mason, the next principal, arrived.\\nStill the year was full of changes and somewhat stormy. Mr.\\nMason left at the close of the winter term, and the Board of Edu-\\ncation engaged Mr. Tenant for the rest of the year. This gentle-\\nman began his work in the new brick building on German street\\nnow known as the Central school. The upper department was\\nseparated into a Grammar and a High school. The district\\nschool at the salt-works had become part of the city, and a\\nschool-house kept there at first under considerable dfficulties.\\nThe number of school-houses and teachers had increased very\\nmuch. When, in 1866, Prof. Estabrook took charge of the city\\nschools, there were 16 teachers employed in four school-houses,\\nwhich number doubled when he left in 1871. Professor Esta-\\nbrook s years in the school belong to the present more than to\\nthe past, and may be a starting point of a future more extensive\\nhistory of the schools of our city Two events, however, should\\nbe mentioned, which, although they occurred recently, are yet\\nconnected with the past, and seem to form the conclusion of an\\nepoch. The one is the burning of the old academy in the spring of\\n1871. The building had undergone sundry repairs and changes, which\\nseemed to warrant a prolonged lease on its existence, when it was\\nprobably set on fire during the night, and the citizens found in\\nthe morning that the familiar old building was no more. The\\nnew Hoyt school erected on its place is the ornament and just\\npride of that part of the city.\\nThe other event which seems to close a chapter belonging to\\nthe past, was the incorporation of the German schools in the\\ncity schools in the year 1870.\\nThe cases are rare when the wants and wishes of a large part of\\nthe population were anticipated in as liberal a manner as was the\\ncase here. The German schools are now graded and taught in the\\nsame manner as all the otherpublic schools in the English branches,\\nbesides having a corresponding German course.\\nSince the foregoing sketch was written the high-school building\\nhas been erected, with Superintendent J. C. Jones presiding. The\\ncourse of study is well arranged, the varied branches com-\\nprising algebra, geometry, bookkeeping, English history, history\\nof Greece, rhetoric, natural philosophy, chemistry, physiology,\\nbotany, political economy, German and English literature, with\\nelementary exercises in Greek and Latin. A good knowledge of\\nthe high-school course is imparted to the pupils in a manner which\\ncannot fail to be attended with the best results.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0522.jp2"}, "521": {"fulltext": "01 IV OF EAST SAGINAW. 519\\nTill. CHURCHES.\\nThe First Presbyterian Church of East Saginaw was organized\\nMarch 24. H\u00c2\u00bb 7. by Rev. L. J. Root, who preached a sermon and\\nadministered the aacrament of the Lord s Supper, assisted by Rev.\\nCalvin Clark, at that time secretary of home missions of the\\nBjnod of Michigan. Messrs. Alexander Mitchell and Alexander\\n[loss, having been previously ordained and duly elected ruling\\nelders by the Church, were regularly installed as pastors.\\nThe following an- the names of the original members\\nander Mitchell and Elizabeth his wife, Mrs. Francis\\nE. Spinney, Alexander Ross and Christine his wife, Mrs.\\nHelen Milne, Miss Helen .Milne, William Allen and Cath-\\nerine his wife. Ann Mitchell, Helen Mitchell, Jennie Mitchell,\\nMrs. Isabel Sutherland, Mrs. Marc Cooper, Mrs. Margaret\\nStousell, Mrs. Hester McCleary, David M. Austin and Mary\\nhis wile, Mrs Francis Hall. Orrin M. Stone, Mrs. Margaret F.\\nMcKay. Mrs. Mary Ann Hudson, John Tucker and Ruth his wife,\\nMrs. Harriet Andrews, Win. Smith, David Haggart, Thomas\\nand Elizabeth his wife, Mrs. Enphemia Steele Massey,\\nElizabeth Steele, Mrs. Mary A. Wren. Win. Wylie, Georgiana\\nRoss, Mary Esther Stousell, Margaret Cooper.\\nRev. W. W. Thorpe first ministered to the Church, and he was\\nfollowed by Rev. A. F. Johnson. In 1870, Rev. S. E. Wishard\\nbecame pastor, and remained about two years. In 1872 Rev.\\nThomas Middlemis took pastoral charge, and continued upward\\nof live years. In 1877 Rev. David Van Dyke was called as\\npastor, and closed his labors in 1879. January 1, 1880, Rev.\\nJohu T. Oxtoby, the present pastor, took charge of this Church,\\nfhe church edifice is on the corner of Warren and Millard streets,\\nand its value is S12,000. The elders are Messrs. Alex. Ross, Jas.\\nlie. Win. Smith, George L. Remington, and J. W. Freeman. M.\\nD. The number of members April 1, !^M,is about 150. Con-\\nnected with the Church is a prosperous Sabbath-school, with adult\\nclasses and an infant department.\\nThe Methodist Ej iscoj)aJ Church was formed originally of six\\nmembers, under the pastorate of Rev. A. C. Shaw, in 1852. At\\nthat time East Saginaw was but a hamlet, built upon a marsh,\\nand had any one at that time prognosticated the rapid growth of\\nthat hamlet to the present condition of size and prosperity, in the\\nBhort space of 20 years, they would have been deemed decidedly\\nvisionary. The little M. E. class, however, was composed of men\\nand women filled with hope for the future and faith in God, and\\nwith the assurance of Providential direction, they commenced the\\nwork of building their first church, which stood upon the corner\\nof Washington and German streets, at present occupied by the\\nbrick block wherein is the drug store of Frizelle Co. Here\\nthe society continued to worship for 15 years, growing contin-\\nually in numbers and financial strength, till at last, emboldened", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0523.jp2"}, "522": {"fulltext": "520 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nby success, it was decided that the old meeting-house, which had\\nwitnessed their trials and triumphs, was too small for them.\\nAccordingly, the present property on Jefferson avenue was pur-\\nchased, and the corner-stone of the present building laid on May\\n27, 1867. Through the energetic efforts of Rev. Dr. McCarty,\\nat that time their pastor, the building was ready for dedication\\nDec. 27, 1869.\\nThis structure is a very handsome one, built of red brick, with\\ngray-stone facings, mullioned windows, slated roof, and corner\\nspire 162 feet in height. The windows are of stained glass, and\\nthe interior richly frescoed. It has a basement, divided into Sab-\\nbath-school and class rooms, with a commodious study for the\\npastor. The seating capacity is S00. The interior is richly\\nfurnished in walnut, upholstered, heated by hot air, and weil\\nlighted by large gasoiiers. The whole value of church property,\\nwhich includes the parsonage, is estimated at $57,000. Rev. J.\\nMcEldowney is the present pastor.\\nThe German M. E. Church, composed of German citizens,\\nwas the result of a mission started in 1855, which finally cul-\\nminated in the present society. The first building owned by\\nthe society was burned in 1868, but the society immediately began\\nthe work of erecting the present commodious place of worship,\\nwhich stands on Warren street. Among the pastors of this\\nChurch were Rev. Chas. A. Melitzer and Rev. J. R. Rodmer.\\nThe Colored M. E. Church and the Hess Street M. E. Church\\npertain to this denomination, and form very important branches\\nof it.\\nThe First Baptist Society was organized in 1858, and in the\\ngreat year for East Saginaw church building, 1868, the present\\nchurch edifice was built, at a cost of $36,000. This church stands\\nupon the corner of Jefferson and German streets, and is one of\\nthe finest edifices in the city; it is built of red brick, with gray\\nstone trimmings. The church resembles the Methodist Episcopal\\nbuilding, and has an audience-room capable of seating 600. The\\nbasement is divided off into lecture and Sabbath-school rooms, and\\npastor s study. Like the other churches, it is heated with steam\\nand well lighted. The existence of this fine building is largely\\nowing to the indefatigable labors of Rev. H. L. Morehouse,\\nwho was pastor for 12 years. Rev. Theodore Nelson is the\\npresent pastor.\\nThe Church of South Sagi?iaw is an important addition to the\\nBaptist churches of the city. This is now in charge of D. L. De\\nLand.\\nThe Zion (Col.) Baptist Church, of which Rev. John Collins is\\npastor, is located on Johnson and Second streets.\\nSt. PauVs Protestant Episcopal Church was organized under\\nthe ministration of Rev. V. Spanlding, in 1854, and in the inter-\\nvening time ha^ been under the pastorate of nine rectors belong-\\ning to the Saginaw City mission. The society, like all the others,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0524.jp2"}, "523": {"fulltext": "I NY OF FAST SAGINAW. 521\\nwas for a time homeless, and dependent upon public halls in which\\nto worship. Finally, Jesse Hoyt made the society a present of\\nthe valuable property upon which the present church edifice stands,\\nand the work of erecting the building was immediately proceeded\\nwith. The building is of wood. It is of the mediaeval style, and\\nis comfortably furnished, heated and lighted, and has a seating\\ncapacity for 800. Tin parish of St. Paul s has been attended by\\nRev. G. B. Eastman, Rev. Geo. W. Wilson, Rev. L. S. Stevens,\\nand the present rector, Rev. r A. Masker, who assumed the\\nduties of hie position May 25, l s si. The church is located on\\ner and Warren streets; and with the buildings and other\\nproperty is valued at $22,000. The debts of the society have\\nall been paid off, and an era of prosperity entered upon.\\nHoly Trinity Church holds another congregation of Episco-\\npalians. Its services arc given bv the rector of St. Paul s.\\nThe Catholic Church.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The history of the Catholic Church in its\\nrelation to East Saginaw is contained in that of St. Andrew s\\nChurch up to L866, when East Saginaw was. erected a parish. Now\\nthere arc three Catholic churches in the city; the church of the\\nSacred Heart, on 5th and Cherry streets; St. Joseph s, on 6th and.\\nScar-: and St Mary s, on Wells and Hoyt streets.\\nThe latter church was built in 1853 and rebuilt ten years later.\\nFather Schutzes was its first pastor, and continued to minis-\\nter to the parish until 1863, when Father Vanderhayden was ap-\\npointed pastor. In L866 Rev. Francis Yanderborn succeeded to\\nthe pastorate, and has since that period been the priest in charge.\\nThe congregation numbers about 2,000. The regular services of\\nthe Church are similar to those of all other Catholic Churches, with\\nthe one exception, that the sermon is preached in the German\\ntongue.\\nSt. Joseph s Church. St. Joseph s congregation was organized\\nin the summer of l s 7- with Pew Richard Sweeny as pastor. It\\nconsisted of L35 families, among them the Hon. M. .letters, one of\\nSaginaw s wealthy men, who took a great interest in the organiza-\\ntion and also the erection of St. Joseph s church. This structure\\nwas commenced in the spring of l s 7_! and was not finished when\\nSweeny took charge of it. lie perfected the organization of\\nthe parish, built a pastoral residence and school-house, and at the\\npresent time, has the Church nearly out of debt. The church is a\\nframe structure and Cost, including furniture, some $10,000. The\\npastoral residence is also a frame building and cost $2,500. The\\nschool-house is a frame, and cost $1,500. There is a debt, at the\\npresent time of only $900 on all the property. The real estate of\\nSt. Joseph s comprises eight lots. The grounds are beautifully laid\\nout and are an ornament to that part of the city.\\nThe Church of th Sacred Heart is the last addition to the\\nCatholic churches of the city. It is a neat edifice, capable of seat-\\ning son. The congregation numbers about l. Rev. Joseph\\nPie- i pa-tor.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0525.jp2"}, "524": {"fulltext": "522 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFirst Congregational Church, East Saginaw. During the first\\nfew years in the religious history of East Saginaw, the Congrega-\\ntionalists and Presbyterians united in worship with the Methodist\\ncongregation. When at length it seemed desirable to have another\\nchurch in the place, the Congregational and Presbyterian element\\nunited in the employment of Rev. Wm. C. Smith, of Lapeer. He\\nbegan his work May 3, 1857, in Buena Yista Hall, which had been\\nplaced at their disposal by Jesse Hoyt, of New r ork city. A Sab-\\nbath-school was formed on the first Sabbath of June following, and\\nC. B. Jones elected superintendent. The school, which soon\\nnumbered about 150 scholars, was provided with a library of over\\n600 volumes, many of which were the gift of friends in the East\\nand presented through John P. Allison of this city.\\nAt a meeting held Tuesday, Sept. 11, 1857, the subject of the\\norganization of a new Church was considered. A formal ballot\\nbeing taken on the form of Church government, it was decided, 18\\nto 1, to organize as a Congregational Church. At this meeting 23\\npersons were present, 22 of whom subsequentlv united with the\\nChurch. Their names are as follows: Rev. Win. C. Smith, W.\\nH. Warner, Mrs. Warner, Mrs. Voorhies, Jacob E. Voorhies,\\nHenry Woodruff, Mrs. Woodruff, Geo. Morris, Mrs. Morris, Mrs.\\nJane A. Little, wife of N. Little; Nancy M. Webber, Clarissa\\nStevens, Catherine Gage, Margaret Pearson, Eliza Knap}), Nancy\\nBrown, Jane Elseffer, Laura A. McKnight, Miss Catherine Lathrop,\\nSolomon Lathrop, Edwin A. Moore, Horace B. Hubbard, Chester\\nB. Jones.\\nThe official organization was completed by an ecclesiastical\\ncouncil, which convened Oct. 7, 1857, with Rev. P. R. Hurd, D.D.,\\nas moderator, and Rev. H. D. Kitchel, D.D.. as scribe. The latter\\nalso preached the sermon. The number of members received at\\nthe organization was 26, namely: Win. H. Warner, Clarissa D.\\nWarner, Solomon Lathrop (dead), Jane A. Little, Clarissa Stevens,\\nChester B. Jones, Catherine A. Gage, Nancy M. Webber, Jacob\\nE. Voorhies, Harriet Voorhies, Henry Woodruff, Abbie Wood-\\nruff, Geo. Morris, Amelia Morris. F. Eliza Knapp, Elizabeth\\nWoodruff, Margaret Pearson. Jane Elseffer, Edwin A. Moore,\\nHorace B. Hubbard, Elizabeth Hubbard, Mary Smith, Augusta\\nE. Kimball, Helen R. G. Derby, Amanda Woodruff. Of this\\nnumber Win. H. Warner, Mrs. Stevens, Chester B. Jones, Edwin\\nA. Moore, Elizabeth Woodruff, Catherine A. Gage, and, perhaps,\\nF. Eliza Knapp, with a few others, are living.\\nThe first preparatory lecture was given Oct. 31, and the sacra-\\nment of the Lord s Supper was first celebrated by the Church Sab-\\nbath, Nov. 1, 1867.\\nThere have been four pastors: Rev. Win. C. Smith, who served\\neight vears, or from the 1st of May, 1857, to the last of April, 1865;\\nhe died at Urbana, 111., Sept. 8, 1871. Rev. J. G. W. Cowles served\\nnearly six years, from May 1, 1865 (installed by council Sept. 6 fol-\\nlowing), torJan. 25, 1871. Rev. Wm. De Los Love, D.D., served\\nfrom J nne 1, 1871 installed Nov. 8 following. The present pastor,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0526.jp2"}, "525": {"fulltext": "i in v OF EAST SAGINAW. 523\\nRev. Warren F. Day, began his pastorate Oct. 1, 1877, and with\\ntin- 20th anniversary of the organization of the Church. Rev.\\nph Mill- and Pn f. Joseph Estabrook each supplied for several\\nmonths, the former during Rev. Mr. Cowles pastorate, while he\\nwas absent on account of ill health; the latter during the interim\\nbetween the pastorates of Mr. Cowles and Mr. Love.\\nThe original deacons (elected Oct. 31, 1S57) were Solomon La-\\nthrop, who died five years after, and Wm. E. Warner, who still\\ncontinues in his office. Since then, Alfred T. Silsby, Orville L.\\nMason, David 15. Reeve, Chester B. -Jones, Henry Estabrook, Geo.\\n1 doss. Lucius C. Storrg, Egbert Ten Fyck, Gnrdon Corning, and\\nSamuel .1. Dickinson have served. The present deacons are Messrs.\\nCorning, Cross, Dickinson, Jones, Reeve, and Warner. In January,\\nISM, tin ieaconesses were added. The present incumbents are\\nMr-. .1. K. Rose, Mr.-, has. Straw, and Mrs. Archie Brown. The\\ndeacons, deaconesses and pastor constitute an advisory committee.\\nThe Sundav-school superintendents have been C. B. Jones, II.\\nM. Flagler, II. T. Collins, L. C. Storrs, and G. F. Cress\\nThe First Congregational Society of E-ist Saginaw was formed\\nSept. S, 1857, to co-operate with the Church, and the following\\nelected trustees: Norman Little, D. W. C. Gage, C. B. Jones, J.\\nE. Voorhies ami G. J. Dorr. The present board consists of\\nMessrs. B. B. Buckhont, G. Corning, G. F. Cross, E. Hallinbeck, I.\\nW. Howry, J. R. Livingston and Wm. II. Warner. J. C. Y.\\nWheat, Alfred II. Bissell and Prof. H. B. Roney, who has nearly\\ncompleted 11 years in this position, have presided successively at\\nthe organ.\\nFour places of public worship have been occupied. Buena\\nVista Hall from May, 1*57, to January, 1S61 three years and nine\\nmonths; the small edifice on the corner of Washington and German\\nstreets, erected in the winter of L860- l, at a cost of $13,200, occu-\\npied Feb. 3, L861, and enlarged in 1862, at an additional expense\\nof $1,282.56. The erection of the present house of worship was\\nundertaken in the autumn of 1866. It was dedicated Sunday, June\\n14, 1868. The cost of the ground, building and furnishing was\\n$66,472.82. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. Prof. Jo-\\nseph Haven, of Chicago. At the morning service the subscription\\nreached the sum of $22,000, while over $6,000 were collected at the\\nevening service. The style of architecture is what might be termed\\ncomposite, being a combination of all orders. The material is\\nwhite brick, with gray stone facings, mullioned windows, slated\\nroof and tower for spire, which latter is not yet built. This spire\\nwill reach a height of 80 feet from the capital of the tower, and\\nthere is every prospect of the building taking place within a short\\ntime. The auditorium will seat 1.000 persons comfortably, and is\\nfinished in oil and varnished pine, and finely upholstered. Off\\nfrom the auditorium is a commodious chapel for prayer-meetings,\\nlectures, etc., which will seat 3 0. Beneath this is the Sabbath-school\\nroom, very finely and comfortably finished, divided into the various", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0527.jp2"}, "526": {"fulltext": "524 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nclass rooms, etc. The whole building is heated by steam and finely\\nlighted. The organ cost $5,000. The bell, weighing with attach-\\nments about 3,000 lbs., was presented to the Church and society\\nanonymous]} through Rev. Warren F. Day, pastor, on the Sabbath\\nof May 5, 1878. It is now understood to oe chiefly the gift of Mrs.\\nMiriam Seymour.\\nOf the former pastors of the Church, Rev. Mr. Smith died at Ur-\\nbana, 111., Sept. S, 1871, aged 40 years. Rev. Mr. Cowles is now in\\nsecular business atCleveland, O., being unable to perform the duties\\nof his ministry on account of injuries received while here, which\\nimpede his speech. Dr. De Los Love is the pastor of the Congre-\\ntional church at Hadley, Mass.\\nFor the first four years this Church received aid from the Ameri-\\ncan Home Missionary Society to the amount of $200 annually.\\nSince assuming its own support it has been a liberal contributor to\\nthe leading benevolences of the denomination, and also to various\\nother causes. For many ears the ladies connected with the Church\\nand society have sustained a foreign missionary. Two mission\\nSunday-schools in this city have their chief support and workers\\nfrom this Church, while the reformatory and charitable institutions\\nof this city also receive their share of attention.\\nThe reverses in business which followed soon after the dedication\\nof the present edifice threw a large amount back upon the treasury\\nunpaid, which at length footed up a debt of $15,000, that encum-\\nbered the society and detracted from its usefulness until May, 1880,\\nwhen pastor and people resolutely took the debt in hand. The\\nbest business ability came to the front, and in about four working\\ndays the entire amount was subscribed, and Nov. 1, 1880, was hon-\\norably and fully paid.\\nSince the organization of this Church there have been 699 admis-\\nsions, of which about 350 have been on confession of faith. The largest\\nnumber received at one time was 72, on July 1, 1866. Present\\nmembership (May, 1881), 368, of whom 99 are males and 269 are\\nfemales.\\nSt. Joints Evangelical Lutheran. This church was built in\\n186S, at a cost of $30,000, resembles the Methodist Episcopal and\\nBaptist churches in the style of architecture, and has a very\\nfine chime of bells in the tower.\\nThis is another model church edifice, and stands on the corner of\\nGerman and Rockwell streets. The form of worship observed\\nby the society is distinctively Lutheran, as laid down in the\\nrubrics of the Reformed State Church of Germany. Rev. Conrad\\nVoltz has been the pastor for many years, and under his admin-\\nistration this German society continues to advance its interests.\\nSt. Paul s German Lutheran, with Rev. H. Kraeling, pastor,\\nand the German Lutheran, with Rev. Conrad Yoltz, pastor, sum up\\nthe establishments of this section of the Christian Church within\\nthe city.\\nIn addition to all these houses of Christian worship, there is\\na Spiritualist society, a union Church organization, a school of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0528.jp2"}, "527": {"fulltext": "CIT1 OF EAST SAGINAW. 525\\nfree thinkers, a limited number of pantheists, a society of Uni-\\ntarians, one of CTniversalists, and a number of other equally con-\\nBcientioue organizations. There is, therefore, sufficient variety in\\nthe religions opinions of the city s population to strip worship\\nof its monotony, and render life in East Saginaw pleasant to\\nthose who may love change of opinion. It doubtless tends also\\nto uproot the upas tree of religious in toleration by creating a doubt\\nregarding the correctness of any one of all opinions, and urging\\nmen to search abroad for that which seems the best. The true\\nsearcher after religion fails to behold a terrible monster in that\\nwhich he was taught to hate and despise. He looks upon his\\nfellow with a sympathetic eye, and by degrees casts aside the\\n.-had. of bigotry to enter a world where both good and evil exist\\nin about equal proportion.\\nCEMETERIES.\\nBrady Hi 1 1 Cemetery. In 1S54 the Board of Health of Buena\\nVista township purchased of Alfred M. Hoyt the property known\\nas Brady Hill for cemetery purposes, and occupied the same as\\na burial ground until February, 1859, when the city of East Sag-\\ninaw was incorporated. Included in the territory acquired by\\nsuch incorporation under act of the Legislature was Brady Hill\\ncemetery.\\nThe city authorities took possession of the same and held it\\nup to May 19, 1881. Within a month of the time when\\nthe rights of Buena Vista, if it possessed any, would have been\\ndetermined by the statute of limitations, suit was commenced by\\nthe Board of Health of that township in the Circuit Court, to\\nrecover possession of the cemetery, and the case was heard by\\nJudge Shipman, of Coldwater, who rendered a decision in favor\\nof the city. The matter was carried to the Supreme Court, and\\nin January. 1881, the judgment of the lower court was reversed,\\nand a judgment entered for the Board of Health of Buena Vista,\\nas owner in fee. with costs of both courts.\\nSome negotiations were had between the Township Board of\\nBuena Vista and a committee of the Common Council relative to\\nthe city acquiring the cemetery by purchase, but the terms were\\nnot mutually satisfactory, and the negotiations fell through. A\\ncommittee was also appointed to select grounds for a cemetery,\\nand it recommended the purchase of the Eaton property, at the\\nsouth end of the city; but this recommendation was not concurred\\nin. At a citizens- meeting it was recommended to the common\\ncouncil to purchase about seven acres of Mr. Hoyt, adjoining Brady\\nHill cemetery, which it was thought would, with the present cem-\\nafford ample facilities for some years to come. Before this\\nrecommendation could be acted upon, the Township Board of\\nBuena Vista acquired a possessory title to the seven acres. The\\nresult of the watchfulness of the Buena Vistians and the apathy", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0529.jp2"}, "528": {"fulltext": "526 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nof the City Council was, that the sheriff of the county took pos-\\nsession ot the cemetery grounds, May 19, 1881, placed David Le\\nRoy in charge, and ordered W. T. Arnold the sexton for the last\\n22 years to give up possession of his official residence on the\\n20th of the same month.\\nBy an act of the State Legislature, approved by Governor Jerome,\\nJune 1, 1881, the question of title to the cemetery is settled for\\nthe time being. It provides, k That the care, custody and control\\nof the Bracy Hill cemetery, in the city of East Saginaw, is hereby\\nconferred upon and vested in the said city of East Saginaw, the same\\nto be exercised in accordance with the charter of said city, as therein\\nprovided for the control of city cemeteries.\\nThe city of East Saginaw shall pay to the treasurer of the\\ntownship of Buena Vista such proportion of the purchase price\\nin the year 1854, of said cemetery, as the valuation of that por-\\ntion of Buena Yista township, as now constituted, bears to the val-\\nuation of that portion of Buena Yista as it was in 1854, and which\\nis now within the city of East Saginaw, as the same was valued\\nupon the assessment roll of 1854,as a basis for State and county taxes,\\nand also interest thereon at the rate of seven per cent., from and\\nafter the first day of January, 1855. to date of payment; and upon\\nsuch payment being made or tendered, the authority of the Board\\nof Health of said township shall cease; and the Board of Health of\\nsaid township shall use said money only for the purchase or im-\\nprovement of a cemetery for said township. The Township Board\\nof Buena Vista is at liberty to test the constitutionality of the Act.\\nEquity will sustain the city s claim to its necropolis.\\nThe Catholic Cemetery is located near the city cemetery of\\nBrady Hill. Both burial grounds are neatly arranged and contain\\nmany fine memorial monuments.\\nMA.SONIC HISTORY.\\nSt. Bernard Gommandery, No. 16, K. T.,was organized in 1866\\nAt the annual conclave of the commandery, the following were\\nelected officers for the ensuing year: F. E. Hoyt, E. C; T. E. Bor-\\nde i, Gen l: Geo. L. Remington, Capt. Gen.; Ed. Saunders, Prel.\\nF. A. Ashlev, S. W.; A. D. Macomber, J. W.; Win. H. Clark,\\nTreas.; J. H. Woollacott, Rec; Win. Grant, St. B. W. H. Cam-\\nbrey, Swd. B.; Chas. A. Lee, Warden; Wm. Cole, Sent. Win. Will-\\niamson, C. W. Gray, O. J. Hetherington, Guards.\\nSagi?iaw Lodge, No. 77, F. cfc A. M., was organized under dis-\\npensation, and its first meeting held June 23, 1855. The dispen-\\nsation was granted by the Grand Lodge to M. B. Hess, as W. M.;\\nDavid Hughes, S. W., and James A. Large, I. W. The charter\\nmembers were S. C. Munson, S. C. Beach, Absalom F. Hayden,\\nand David F. Hess. On the last two days of July, 1855, R. W.\\nBela Cogshall, then G. V. and L., assisted in conferring the\\ndegree of E. A. on Norman Little, W. L. P. Little^ W. L. Webber", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0530.jp2"}, "529": {"fulltext": "I iiv OF l A T SAGINAW. 527\\nand 0. I M tt. The charter was granted in January, 1856, and a\\nmeeting held Feb. 27, L856. when J. A. Large was elected W. M.\\nW. I.. Webber, S. W.; C. W. Grant, .1. W.; H. S. Roberts. D. G.\\nM. John B. Hamilton. .1. G. dedicated tlie lodge. Among\\nthe W. fti. s of the lodge since charter were AV. L. Webber, W.\\n.1. Bartow, J. S. Goodman, and the present president, Frank Law-\\nrence. The officers at present are: Prank Lawrence, W. M. George\\nB. Gage, S. W.; Eenry Williams, J. W.; Fred E. Rich, S. D.; W.\\n\\\\vi,~. .1. I).: S. P. Bliss, Sec; Wm. ole. Treas.\\nSaginaw Valley CJwmter,No. 31. R. A. M., received its charter\\n-Ian. 12, 1864, with W. L. Webber. II. P. Chas. B. Mott, K.; S.\\nW. Yawkey, S. W. J. Bartow, Ezra Rust, E. W. Lyon, L. S.\\nLeinheim, Geo. W. Merrill, J. (J. Lowell, Chas. E. Gillett, Geo.\\nF. Lewi-. John J. Wheeler, R. II. Weideman, Addison P. Brewer,\\nM. B. Bess, John S. Estabrook, I. M. Smith, has. W. Granl\\nand Wm. Eodson, charter members.\\nThe first meeting of the Chapter was held Feb. 4, 1864, when\\nthe following officers were elected: W. L. Webber, H. P.; Jud-\\nsonC. Lowell: K.:S. W. Yawkey, S.;W. J. Bartow, C. H.; C. E.\\nGillett, P. 8.; J. S. Estabrook, R. A. C; E. W. Lyon, M. 3d Veil;\\nF. Lewis. M. 2d Veil; Fred E. Hoyt, K. 1st Veil. The cere-\\nmony of installation took place April _ 1804, under Francis\\nDarrow, of Pontiac, \\\\i. E. I). II. P., and Stillman Blanchard, R.\\nE. Gi V. L.\\nThe present officers are W. J. Bartow, II. P.; J. L. Winn, K.\\nGeorge 0. Warner. S. Charles Straw. of II.; J. S. Goodman,\\nP. S.; Fred A. Ashley, U. A. C; William Grant, G. M. 3d Veil;\\nIL Williams, G. M. 2d Veil; Walter Fitzgerald^ G. M. 1st Veil;\\nGeorge l Gage, Sec; William Cole, S,\\nSaginaw Coimcil, No. 20, II. S. M. was organized .Inly 25,\\nl v ti. This lodge holds a high place among the Masonic circles of\\nthe State. It- present officers are Fred E. Soyt, T. J. M.; D. B.\\nReeves, D. J. M: has. Doughty, P. C. of W.; W. Fitzgerald. C.\\nL; D. Iloyt, Treasurer; Geo. B. Gage, Recorder; IL H.\\nCheeney, Steward; Wm. Cole, Sentinel.\\nAncient Landmarks Lodge,F. A. M, No. 303, was organized\\nin the spring oi l s 71. with C. II. Gage, W M. The present\\nofficers are Dr. Benjamin B. Ross, W. \u00c2\u00abL; Lawson C. Holden, S.\\nW.; Eenry B. Roney, J. W.;CharlesF. Weber, S. D.;P. Heimick,\\nJ. D.: J. M. Brooks, See.; Douglas White, Treas.; William\\nCole. T.\\nSaUna Lodge, No. L55, is one of the more recent lodges of the\\nMasonic orders instituted in the city. Organized in 1867, its\\nprogress has been remarkable, and its present condition pros-\\nperous.\\nEast Star Lodge, No. 6 (colored), was chartered in 1862.\\nSaginaw Valley Concla/oe No. 4, of Red Cross of Constantine,\\nwasorganized April 27, 1 74. with D. J. Evans as M P. S.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0531.jp2"}, "530": {"fulltext": "528 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nI. 0. O. F.\\nO-saw-vja-bon Lodge, No. 74, was the first Odd Fellows lodge\\norganized here, and was started June 2, 1855. Owing to the\\nlimited population, and many other causes, the organization ceased\\nin 1857 and was not resuscitated till 1865. The first officers of the\\nlodge formed in 1855 were C. B. Mott, N. G., and A. Furguson,\\nY. G. The charter members included Jay S. Curtis, M. Smith. S.\\nB. Knapp, Thomas M. Birdsall. The lodge resuscitated was\\norganized with J. S. Curtis, 1ST. G. A. Ferguson, K. S. C. H.\\nBurton, P. S., and W. F. Glasby, S.\\nValley Encampment, No. 20. was instituted May 10, 1866, with\\nJ. S. Curtis, C. H. Burton, A. Ferguson, T. E. Doughty, W. H.\\nSouthwick, J. M. Luther and J. H. McFarlin, charter members.\\nThe officers were J. H. McFarlin, C. P. J. S. Curtis, N. P. T.\\nE. Doughty, S. AV. A. Ferguson, S. C. H. Burton, P. and J.\\nM. Luther, J. AV.\\nThe Uniformed Company of the I. O. O. F. is presided over by\\nGeorge S. Gould, Capt. James Ayles, 1st. Lieut, William\\nRichards* n, Secretary.\\nHerman Lodge (German) No. 195. The present officers are:\\nP. K. Frank, N. G. Henry Schmidt, V. G. Julius Guenther,\\nR. S.\\nThe other lodges of the order comprise the Empire, organized\\nAug. 12, 1874; the Buena Yista Lodge, Feb. 26, 1872; Oriental,\\norganized in 1872, with Le Roy H. De Lavergne, N. G., and the\\nMagara Encampment, organized April 28, 1875.\\nKNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.\\nSaginaw Lodge, No. 10, K. of P., was organized March 28,\\n1873, with James G. Terry as C. C. This important lodge is well\\nmaintained, and its social and financial condition prosperous.\\nDAUGHTERS OF REBECCA.\\nA lodge of this order, known as Azure Lodge, ISTo. 43, was\\norganized in 1871.\\nGOOD TEMPLARS.\\nEast Saginaw Lodge, No. 172, the first lodge of Good Templars\\nin the city, was established Nov. 24, LS65, with Rev. B. S. Taylor,\\nAV. C. T. Jane Smith, AV. Y. T. D. AY Perkins, AY S. C. B.\\nJones, AY T. AV. H. Burrill, AV. F. S. Anna AYest, AY I. G.\\nDr. 0. L. Mason, AV. C. AVm. AVilley, P. AV. C. T. Amanda\\nAllen, AV. A. S. Cornelius AVilson, AV. M. Margaret Coggs well,\\nAV. D. M. and O. P. Davison, W. O. G.\\nFountain Head Lodge was instituted May 19, 1875, with Geo.\\nStevens, AV. C. T.; Lucy Clark, AV. Y. T.; Laura AVilde, AV. Sec.\\nMary Fenno, AV. Treas., and 40 charter members.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0532.jp2"}, "531": {"fulltext": "I ity OF EAST SAGINAW. 520\\nNON- SECRET ORGANIZATIONS,\\nThe other societies, benevolent, literary, etc., are numerous and\\ninflnential.\\nThe East Saginaw Library Association. On the 18th of Au-\\ngust, 1865, this association was organized with Dr. JI. C. Potter,\\nPresident; Geo. K. Newcomb and I. M. Smith, Vice Presidents;\\nL. C. Storrs, Treasurer; Geo. F. Lewis, Recording Secretary, and\\nB. Boardman, Financial Secretary. It is still one of the\\ninstitutions of the city.\\nT/i Young Men s Association was organized Oct. 7, 1864, and\\nperfected A.ng. L8, L865, with H. C. Potter, President; Geo. K.\\nNewcomb, V. P.; [rving M. Smith, Treas.; S. C. Storrs, E. S.;\\nGeo. F. Lewis, C.S.;G. B. Boardman, W. L. Webber, Geo. C.\\nWarner, Chauncey H. Gage and S. W. Vawkey, Directors.\\nSt. Patricks Benevolent Society. This organization was per-\\nfected March, 1873. Its membership is 83. Its chaplain is Rev.\\nRichard Sweeny, with Edward McSweeney as President, and\\nEdward II. Doyle, Secretary. Its numbers are large and its work\\nis effectively done.\\nISagvnaw Valley Caledonian Club was organized in 1868, with\\nA. K. Sutherland as Chief. This is also a flourishing society.\\nSt. Andrews Society. This is a flourishing society, organized\\nJune 29. 1865.\\nThe Neptnnr Boat Club was organized June 18, 1859, by S. R.\\nKirby, James F. Brown, F. A. Koehler, J. E. Mershon, J. M. Mer-\\nshon. F. X. Bridgeinan, Geo. Schram, X. W. Wright, M. S. Filkins\\nand others.\\nTh-i Colored Debating Society was organized Feb. 10, 1866, with\\nLewis Reno, President. The meetings of the African orators were\\nas interesting as only such meetings can be. In the course of a\\nshort time, however, the whites were denied an opportunity of\\nhearing the debates, and shortly after the organization broke up.\\nThe American Protestant Association was organized Nov. 12.\\n1866, as East Saginaw Lodge, No. 1, and subsequently a chapter\\nassociated with it.\\nT% Academy of Medicine of Saginaw Valley was organized\\nin L875, with J. II. Jerome, M. D., Pres.; Geo. A. Lathrop, M. D.,\\nV. P.; J. J. Lutze, M. D., Sec. and Treas.; M. C. T. Plessner, M. D.,\\nL. W. Bliss, M. D. and J. M. Campbell, M. D., Board of Censors.\\nEast Saginaw Debating Society was organized with John F.\\nDriggs, Pres., and J. J. Rnpp, Sec. and Treasurer.\\nThe Home for the Frienah ss is now presided over by the Board\\nof Managers, composed as follows: East Saginaw, Mrs. John Welch,\\nMrs ligman, Mrs. Archie Brown. Mrs. Henry Bachelor,\\nMi-. J. F. Driggs, Dr. II. V. Bills, Mrs. C.V. De Land, Mrs. Josiah\\nAmr?. Mrs. C. Wilson, Mrs. Cambrey, Mrs. S. G. Iluckins, Mrs.\\nK. P. Lewis, Mrs. Moxley, Mrs. Swift, Mrs. J. Davies, Mrs. Mc-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0533.jp2"}, "532": {"fulltext": "530 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nBain, Mrs. J. J. Harvey, Mrs. J. W. Freeman, Mrs. Henry Wilson,\\nMrs. L. Q. Richardson, Mrs. H. Coleman, Mrs. Ellen Eddy, Mrs.\\nThos. Saylor, Mrs. J. Tyler, Mrs. R. Z. Smith, Mrs. M. Wilson,\\nMrs. O. J. Hetheringto n, Mrs. M. Wilkinson, Mrs. H. II. Brown,\\nMrs. Thos. Emery, Mr^. J. P. Croll.\\nSaginaw City, Mrs. J. L. Barnard, Mrs. Mamie Clark, Mrs. P.\\nParry, Mrs. R, Kimball, Mrs. O. D. Chapin, Mrs. Goodson, Mrs.\\nAnnie Seymour.\\nCOMMERCIAL AND TRADE SOCIETIES.\\nThe East Saginaio Underwriters Association was organized in\\n1872, witli Geo. Lockley, Pres., and Byron G. Stark, Sec.\\nThe Merchants Protective Society was instituted in 1875, with\\nL. Simoneau, Pres.; Herman Goeschell, V. P.; J. H. Beese, Treas.,\\nand J. E. Hathaway, Sec.\\nParsons Business College Lyceum was established in 1869,\\nand reorganized in 1873, with C. F. Knothe, Pres.; Miss Ellin-\\nwood, Y. P., and W. H. Billing, Sec. and Treas.\\nThe Iron-Molders Union was organized Aug. 20, 1871, with\\na membership of 16. The preamble of its constitution declared\\nthe Union to be organized for protective as well as benevolent pur-\\nposes.\\nThe Lumber Exchange of East Saginaw is a private enter-\\nprise, started by Hon. Chas. V. DeLand, May 1, 1874.\\nThe object of the Exchange is to furnish a headquarters for the\\nlumbermen of the Saginaw Valley, to bring the buyer and the\\nseller together under the most convenient and favorable circum-\\nstances for the transaction of their business, and to answer all the\\nlegitimate purposes of a combined intelligence office and a Board\\nof Trade.\\nThe following are the names of individuals and firms who have\\nbecome members of the Exchange: A. P. Brewer, W. J. Bartow,\\nBurnham Still, Gebhart Estabrook, Duncan Gamble, R. G.\\nHorr, A. II. Mershon, Chas. L. Ortmann, Geo. Lockle} r S. C.\\nMcLean Son, Hunter Bros., C. E. Ten Eyck, Wright,\\nWells Co., Ryan, Johnson Co. (Saginaw San-\\ndusky Transportation Company), Eddy, Avery Co., J. H.\\nHill Sons, Lockwood, Swift Co., Warner Eastman,\\nGeo. C. Warner, E. F. Gould, T. Saylor Co., W. R. Burt,\\nS. H. Webster, J. J. Qnackenbush, Albert A. Day, Win. R. Bates,\\nJ. W. Howry, Grant Saylor, F. F. Gardner Son, D. F. Rose,\\nWm. Callum, James Talbert, John Mason, John G. Owen, You-\\nmans Yan Winkle, Terry, Seely Co., H. T. J. M. Wilson,\\nThomas Nester, McCormick Eddy, Thos. Edsall, E. H. Scott, D.\\nWright Co., Chas. Merrill Co., Shaw Williams, Pierson,\\nWright Co., John Callum, E. M. Pitcher Co., B. Higgins, A.\\nT. Bliss Bro., Cross, Wright Co.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0534.jp2"}, "533": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 531\\nGERMAN SOCIETIES.\\nThe social, musical and benevolent societies formed by the Ger-\\nman citizens comprise, first, the Arbeiter TTnterstuetsungB Verein\\n(corresponding to the Workingmen s Mutual Benefit Association),\\norganized in March. 1869, and incorporated the same year; the\\nGermenia Society/ the Genua nia Library dc Musical Society/\\nthe Lyra Singing Society, and the German, Hebrews Society,\\nknown as Kisher Shell Bar-set, No. 110, A. J. 0. R. S. B., organized\\nJune it, 1.S73.\\nEAST SAGINAW DRIVING PARK.\\nThe East Saginaw Driving Park Association was organized in\\n1S73 with a capital stock of $10,000. The track is a full mile in\\nlength, as has been demonstrated by several official, and probably\\na hundred unofficial, measurements. It is, by turf men, conceded\\nto be one of the finest mile tracks in the United States orCanadas.\\nIn July, L874, Goldsmith Maid and Judge Fullerton trotted on it,\\nwhen the Maid made the then unprecedented time of 2:16. The\\nreputation of the track immediately became national.\\nThe cost of the track and buildings has been $20,000. The\\ngrounds embrace 45 acres. The grand stand, when its additions are\\ncompleted, will seat 4,000 persons.\\nThe rules of the National Horse Association for the promotion\\nof the interests of the American trotting turf govern all trotting un-\\nless otherwise provided. Running is governed by rules of the\\nAmerican Jockey Club. Trotting to be mile heats, best three in five,\\nand in harness. A horse distancing the field or any part thereof will\\nbe awarded but one premium. No premiums to ruled-out horses.\\nHeats in each day s races may be trotted and run alternatel} 7\\nThe driving park is admirably located, being five-eighths of a mile\\nto Salina House at South Saginaw, one and three-eighths of a\\nmile to the Taylor House, Saginaw City, and one and five-eighths\\nof a mile to the Bancroft and Everett houses at East Saginaw;\\nwhile the Washington avenue cars run within a short distance of\\nthe track, and the F. P. M. railroad branch to Salina runs within\\na block of it. The grounds adjoin those of the Agricultural Society.\\nAmong the projectors of the park were W. J. Barton, Geo. C.\\nWarner, C. L. Lull, Joshua Tuthill, Harrison Coleman, C. C. Mc-\\nLean, T. M. Hubbell, C. H. Smith, C. S. Draper, John Welch and\\nA. P. Brewer.\\nMILITARY COMPANIES.\\nThe Hampton Guards were organized at East Saginaw in No-\\nvember, 1856, under Capt. Thomas and M. Lyon.\\nThe East Saginaw Light Artillery Company was organized in\\nSeptember, 1859, with Captain D. A. Robinson, jr., and the follow-\\ning officers and men: First Lieut., A. Ferguson; Sergeant, A. L.\\n32", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0535.jp2"}, "534": {"fulltext": "532 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nRankin; Corporal, R. H. Loomis; Privates F. N. Bridgeman,\\nJames F. Brown, Geo. F. Corliss, R. A. Eddy, W. G. Howe, F. T.\\nHall. G. F. Hobbs, J. H. Hilliard, M. JetTers, J. H. Mershon, J.\\nE. Mershon, Sand ford Keeler, Emil Moores, J. H. Paul, F. W\\nWiggins, M. C. Wakeman, T. T. Willey, Z. W. Wright, A. F.\\nYoung.\\nEast Saginaw Rifles were organized April 13, 1873, and at-\\ntached to the 3d Mich. Inf. as Co. E. D. D. Keeler, A. L. Button\\nand F. H. Doughty were the first officers of the company. The\\nseventh anniversary of the organization of the company was observed\\nby a public parade of the company April 13, 1881. After the parade\\nthe veteran corps met in the armory and elected the following civil\\nofficers: President, C. F. Shaw; Vice-President, Theo. S. Hill;\\nSecretary, W. S. Doughty; Treasurer, A. L, Button. The com-\\npany numbers 70 rank and file, fully equipped and drilled.\\nINDUSTRIES.\\nMayflower Mills. This, the first flouring mill established in\\nthe valley, was built during the year 1851, at a cost of $30,000. For\\na period of nine years the merchant and custom departments of the\\nconcern were worked to their utmost capacity, and until 1S60 sup-\\nplied the Valley with flour .The principal part of the original build-\\ning was consumed by fire in 1860. It was immediately reconstructed\\nand work resumed. In 1866 a large addition was built, and 11\\nyears later the elevator was constructed, at a cost of $15,000. The\\nmill proper is three-stories high with basement, each floor 85x55\\nfeet. The elevator is a four-story building 50xS0 feet, with a ca-\\npacity of 100,000 bushels; the warehouse is located on the dock, and\\nlike the other buildings-is extensive. The machinery is of the most\\napproved pattern and moved by a marine low-pressure Cahuga\\nengine of 130-horse power. There are six run of stone, five for\\nflour and one for feed, which, with the accompanying machinery,\\nsum up in value $20,000. The actual product of the mill is 230\\nbarrels per day. The cooper shop in connection with it turns out\\n20,000 barrels annually. The buildings are valued at $50,000. The\\nentire business is operated and controlled by Emil Moores.\\nC. E. Ten Eycfc s Shingle Mill. This concern was first\\noperated as a stave yard, subsequently converted into a saw-mill,\\nand again into a shingle factory. The machinery employed is of\\nthe latest description. In 1873 the mill produced 18,035,000\\nshingles, and in 1880, 21,963,250. The prospects for this season s\\nmanufacture gives figures in excess of those for 1880.\\nThe Salt Well, in connection with the shingle factory, is 728\\nfeet deep, with a capacity of 92 barrels per day. The machinery is\\nof the most approved pattern, and every appointment of the con-\\ncern of the first order. The mills and wells are the property of\\nMrs. Isabella E. Ten Eyck, T. B. McCormick and W. K. Mc-\\nCormick. The number of men to whom this industry offers direct\\nemployment is set down at 60.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0536.jp2"}, "535": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 533\\nGebhart Estabrook s Sato-Mill, etc. A mill was built on the\\nsite of their present mill by Millard Sweet (Franklin M. and Wna.\\nH. S.), in 1851 size40x60 feet, having two mulevs, a siding machine\\nand an edger; capacity, 4,000.000. This was the fourth mill built\\nat this end of the river. In Ls53 it was sold to J. E. Earle, of\\nNew York: in 1S57 to Curtis King L. B. C. and Stephen K.),\\nof Saginaw City in 1863 King sold his interest to Gordon Corn-\\ning, of Saginaw; in 1871 the latter sold his interest to John S.\\nEstabrook, of East Saginaw, and Alex. Gebhart, of Dayton, O.,\\nwho thus constituted, with Mr. Curtis, the firm of L. B. Curtis ct\\nCo. In 1872 this company took down the mill, and it was removed\\nto Chippewa Station, Osceola Co.; they erected a new mill the\\nsame year, putting in AVicke s steam Yankee gang, circular, two\\nedgers, a lath mill, etc.; capacity, 102,000,000; cost, $54,000; real\\nestate, S30.000. In December, 1*73, Messrs Gebhart Estabrook\\nbought Mr. Curtis interest. At that time 51 men were employed.\\nThe mill was rebuilt in the winter of 1880- l, with machinery as\\nfollows: AVicke s new improved gang, 40-inch gate, two circulars,\\n06-inch saws each, two edgers, two trimmers, lath, stave and head-\\ning machinery, seven boilers, one engine 22x26 and one 20x22,\\nPrescott s steam feed and Lamb s steam feed, live rollers, transfers\\nand all modern improvements. Cost of improvernents,$20,000; total\\ncost, $104,000. Size of mill building, 60x122 feet, iron roof;\\nboiler house, 60x62, brick, iron roof; a brick chimney 106 feet high\\nand an iron stack 115 feet high. Assessed valuation in 1880, $32,-\\n300; men employed, 6S.\\nIn connection with the salt block, the first well was bored in\\n1^7 790 feetdeep; second well, 787 feet deep, in 1877; and third\\nwell, 774 feet in depth, in 1880. 135 barrels of salt are made per\\nday. There are four cisterns, 20x30 feet, one steam settler, 8x150\\nfeet, two steam settlers, 12x100 feet, six grainers, 8^x150 feet.\\nSteam power is used. Cost of block and wells, $22,000; number\\nof men employed, 15.\\nHoyfs Salt Works. The first well bored under direction of\\nJesse Hoyt was that in 1860, reaching a depth of 745 feet; the\\nsecond was sunk in 1873, to a depth of 700 feet, and the third in\\n1*74, reaching a depth of 764 feet. The cisterns number 16, with a\\ncapacity of 100 barrels each, arranged in six blocks. There are 497\\ncovers, 16x16, in use, enabling the manufacture of 600 barrels per\\nweek, or the contents of six cisterns. The cooper-shop, in connection\\nwith the works, has a capacity of 100 barrels per day each each\\nbarrel produced at a net cost of 23c The manufactured salt is ship-\\nped in bulk to Chicago, where it is sold to the stock-yard operators.\\nThe first salt made by the process of solar evaporation was that manu-\\nfactured under the superintendency of Patrick Green for the Hoyt\\nfirm. David McNicholls is the present superintendent of this salt\\nfactory.\\nHoyfs Saw-Mill was built in September, ls66, by Wi ekes Pros.,\\nat a cost of $20,000. The concern was purchased by Jesse Hoyt,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0537.jp2"}, "536": {"fulltext": "534 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nin 1870. The machinery is valued at $15,000; the building at\\n$5,000. The estimated seasons cut for 1880 was, 6,737.000 feet of\\nlumber, giving employment to 37 hands. In 1870 the capital in-\\nvested amounted to $50,000, the lumber cut to 6.775,500 feet, laths\\nmanufactured 1,445,000, men employed 37. All the lumber is\\ndressed before being shipped. Robert Staples is in charge of the\\nmill.\\nThe Planing Mill gives employment to 45 men, and produces\\n10,000,000 feet of dressed. lumber annually. The building is 140x\\nloo feet; machinery is valued at $10,000, moved by Wickes Bros.\\n120-horse-power engine. The six dry kilns in connection with\\nthis department have a capacity of 150,000 feet. Wm. J. Bartow\\nis general superintendent of the entire concern.\\nJohn G. Owen s Saw, Planing and Shingle Mills were construct-\\ned in 1870, at a cost of $70,000, with machinery valued at $30,000.\\nThe main building is three-stories high, 40x125 feet. The planing\\nmill is a two-story building, 60x80. There are three salt wells, of\\nan average depth of 750 feet, with a two-story building 125x125\\nfeet, and warehouse 20x100 feet. The season s cut for 1880 was\\n14,040,000 feet, with 500,000 laths, and 327,750 shingles. The\\nproduct of the salt wells is about 175 barrels per day, or 15,560\\nbarrels of manufactured salt for the season of 1SS0. This busy\\ncenter of manufacturing industry gives employment to 130 men.\\nThe former partner of Mr. Owen, Mr. Bremer, who was interested\\nwith him in the old McLean mill until 1S76, lost heavily in the\\nfire of Dec. 4, 1878. Although the old mill stood directly opposite\\nthe present Owen property, the tire did not reach it, and thus one\\nof the great industries of the city was preserved.\\nHamilton, McClure Co. s S. and L. Works. This firm of\\nmanufacturers is the successor to W. R. Burt Co., lumber, salt\\nand shingle manufacturers. It is composed of J. A. Hamilton,\\nJethro Mitchell and Wm. McClure. W. R. Burt Co. operated\\nthese works. In 1866 they built a saw-mill, erected a salt block,\\nwhich continuedin use until destroyed by fire, in 187S. Subsequently\\nthis firm constructed what was known as the New York salt works,\\ndoubled the production of the mill and salt block, and otherwise\\nimproved the property. The lumber mill has a capacity of 20,000,-\\n000 feet per season.\\nThe Salt Works were improved by McClure Co. A steam\\nsalt block was erected, with a capacity of 275 barrels per day, to-\\ngether with solar works of a capacity of 30,000 barrels per annum.\\nThese solar works are the largest in the United States, outside of\\nSyracuse. The mill and salt works stand on a farm of 300 acres,\\nand give employment to 175 men, many of them skilled me-\\nchanics.\\nThe company have ten salt wells, which are in operation day and\\nnight. This association of enterprising men is among the first in\\nthe Valley. The products of their works are well known in the\\nmarkets of the States, and their reputation well sustained.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0538.jp2"}, "537": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 535\\nA. F. Bartlett c6 Co.. proprietors of the pioneer iron and galvan-\\nizing works, established in 1S54 by Warner Eastman, are en-\\ngaged in the manufacture of steam engines, machinery, iron and\\nbrass castings, lubricators, tubing, fillings for salt works, and other\\narticles in iron. The growth of this industrial concern is similar\\nto that of the city to which it belongs. The trade of the firm ex-\\ntends as far south as Georgia, and westward to Iowa. The amount\\nof sales annually reaches the large sum ol \u00c2\u00a71,500,000. Mr. Bartlett\\nhas been associated in the business with Messrs. Morris and Spind-\\nler since the purchase of the works from Morris Hill.\\nWn.i iu r t0 Eastman s Saw-Mill, etc. The pioneer foundry was\\nestablished by these gentlemen in 1854, but not until 1859 did they\\nconnect themselves with the lumber industry. Early in the latter\\nyear they constructed a saw-mill, near the pioneer foundry on\\nWater street in L878, then added a shingle-mill to the concern,\\nand in 1876 entered upon salt manufacture. The machinery is\\nestimated in value at $15,000,thebuildings and grounds at $20,000,\\nand the two saltblocks at $8,000. The saw-mill is a two-story\\nbuilding. 60x100 feet; the salt blocks a one-story structure, 120x\\n120 feet. The firm employs 80 men. In 1880 the saw-mill pro-\\nduced in. u0o,000 feet of lumber, 3,000,000 shingles, and 20, 082.\\nbarrels of salt.\\nThe Lee Saw and Planing Mills. The mills standing on the\\nproperty purchased by Charles Lee in 1862 were built in 1856, and\\nused as a heading and stave factory. In 1S03 they were converted\\ninto saw and shingle mills. In 1874 the planing mill was added;\\nin 1875, a sash, door and blind factory; and in 1880 the present\\ntwo-story building. 155x75 feet, was constructed. The factory em-\\nploys i 1 men, stands on 16 city lots, with 600-feet river frontage,\\nand possesses the latest improved machinery. The dry kiln,\\nbuilt in 1880 at a cost of $15,0 has a capacity of 36,000 feet.\\nThe product of the saw-mi Is for 1880 was 3,000,000 feet oflumber\\nand 700,000 lath. The product of the planing mill and factory\\nis very great.\\nBurnhwm StiWs Saw-Mill was built in 1872- 3. The full ca-\\npacity of this mill is 35,000,000 feet per season. The building is a\\ntwo-story structure, 34x80; engine room 30x60. The season s cut\\nfor 1880 equaled 6,200,000 feet. 500,000 laths and 500,000\\nstaves and headings; giving employment to 30 men.\\nThe SaltWell was bored to a depth of 744 feet, in 1862. The\\nsalt block is 2oox24. with a return 115x36 feet. The product of the\\nwells in 188o aggregated 12,635 barrels. The cooper s shop in\\nconnection with the saltblock is a building 18x24, which with the\\nsaw-mill, machinerv, block building and grounds, are valued at\\n$36,ooo.\\nE. J. R in fx Shingle Factory was built in 1873. The building\\nis 40x50 feet, two-stories high, with engine-room 12x3o, containing\\ntwo large boilers and a 40-horse-power engine. The works occupy\\nfive acres, and are of sufficient capacity to produce85,000 shingles", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0539.jp2"}, "538": {"fulltext": "536 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nper clay. The salt block, now operated by W. F. Stevens, pertains\\nto this property.\\nStevens Bros., Salt Works. This well was bored to a depth of\\n881 feet in 1861, and new tubing placed therein in 1880. The ca-\\npacity of the works is set down at 80 barrels per day, all of which\\nis placed in barrels for shipment. The block is a two-story build-\\ning 120x5 with storage room 120x16 and the engine-room. The\\nbuildings with machinery, etc., are valued at $10,000. In 1880 the\\nsalt produced was 11,613 barrels.\\nJ. F. D. W. Rust cfc Co. s Mills, etc.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The saw-mill was built\\nin 1858 by John F. Bust Co., at a cost of $10,000. The old\\nbuilding was 40x80, two-stories high, with a capacity of 4,000,000\\nfeet per annum.\\nIn 1875 the mill was rebuilt and enlarged to a two-story building\\n56x116, with wing 40x40 feet. A stave mill was also built 22x22,\\nan engine-room 60x60, new machinery took the place of the old,\\nand every improvement which should belong to a great industrial\\nconcern introduced. The cost of machinery alone is calculated at\\n$20,000. The capacity of the mill at present is 16,000,000 feet of\\nlumber. lu 1880 there were 2,900,134 laths manufactured, 2,000,-\\n000 staves, and headings for 125,000 barrels all giving employ-\\nment to 92 men.\\nThe first, salt well bored for this company reached a depth of\\n816 feet; the second, 816, bored in 1S75; the 3d, sunk in 1876, 808\\nfeet, and the fourth in 1880,808 feet. The buildings are 300x265\\nfeet, containing six cisterns of 125 barrels each; 8 grainers 133 ft.\\nlong by 9 ft. wide; three settlers 233 feet long, 5 deep and 8-| feet\\nwide; with cooper-shop capable of turning out 400 salt barrels per\\nday. The capacity of the salt-factory is estimated at 45,000 barrels\\nper annum.\\nThe machinery consists of six boilers, each 315^x16 feet, 92\\nthree-inch flues, one boiler 4x16 feet with 29 four-inch flues,\\none double engine for circular saw, one engine for gang saw,\\ntogether with the large engine. The warehouse is large\\nenough to contain 7,000 barrels salt in bulk and 7,000 in barrels. The\\nrailroad track enters the yard, where it is an almost daily proceed-\\ning to load 13 cars with the products of this factory.\\nEaton, Potter CoSs Mills, etc. The first saw-mill operated by\\nthis company was built in 1861 for the A. A. S. L. Co., forming a\\nplain, two-story structure, 28x70 ft., with a capacity ofl 0,000,000 feet\\nper year. In 1879 the mill was rebuilt and now forms a two-story\\nhouse 44x150 feet, with a wing 25x60 feet and engine-room 60x70\\nfeet. There are six large boilers in use, with a full line of the finest\\nmachinery. The mill and salt-works of this company cover an\\narea of ten acres. The season s capacity of the saw-mill is esti-\\nmated at 15,000,000 feet, offering direct employment to 61 men.\\nThe first salt well was bored to a depth of 812 feet in 1861, by\\nthe A. A. S. L. Co. the second in 1S78, to a depth of S16, and the\\nthird in 1880 to a similar depth. There are two salt blocks, one\\n44x270 feet, the second 50x180 feet. There are six cisterns, with", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0540.jp2"}, "539": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 53 t\\nan aggregate capacity of 600 barrels, together with grainers, set-\\ntlers, and all the moaus operandi of the salt manufacture. The\\nworks are under the superintendence of AY. IT. Canifrey and give\\nemployment to 10 men. The product for 1880 was 25,500 barrels,\\nall shipped in bulk.\\nWood Reynold s Lumber and Salt Factory. The saw-mill\\nwas erected in 1879, at a cost of $13,000, and machinery placed\\ntherein the same year, valued at $12,000. In 1880 there were 18,-\\n000,000 shingles manufactured here, and it is presumed the full\\ncapacity of the mill, 25,000,000, will be reached during the season\\nof 1S81. The shingle mill and saltworks give employment to 50\\nmen.\\nThe first salt well, now operated by Wood Reynolds, was\\nbored to a depth of 785 feet in ls 4; the second well was sunk in\\nL879 to a similar depth; and the third well in June, 1881, to a\\ndepth of 800 feet. The product of the two wells in operation in\\nL880 was 26,232 barrels of salt. This year the production will\\nreach between 40,000 and 50,000 barrels The salt block is 60x160\\nfeet, with warehouse 35x io, capable of storing 3,000 barrels in\\nbulk. There are 12 cisterns, of an aggregate capacity of 1,500\\nbarrels of brine; six grainers, each 135 feet, and one 75 feet long;\\none settler with a capacity of 300 barrels, with 500 solar covers 16\\nxl6 feet each. The solar house is 30x100 feet, one-story high; the\\nmen s boarding-house is a pretentious structure, and with the\\nrailroad track, depot, stores, offices, etc., forms a villaga spread\\nover 45 acres.\\nC. L. Grant Co. h Mill was built in 1870- l, and with the\\nmachinery cost $10,000. The mill building is 34x92 feet, two\\nstories high. The engine bouse is well equipped, the machinery\\nnew. and everything in connection with the concern arranged in\\nbusiness-like form. The mill gives employment to 55 men, and\\nproduces 5,00(1,000 feet of manufactured lumber annually.\\nWiggins, Coope d- Go s. Saw-Mill. This mill was erected in\\nJune, 1881, by Wiggins Cooper, on the site of the old Bundy\\nYounian s salt works. Tie proprietors are evidently making\\npreparations to enter into a most extensive manufacturing business.\\nIf .1. O* DonnelV s Salt Works. The principal well in connec-\\ntion with these works was bored in 1878 to a depth of 975 feet.\\nThe daily product of the factory equals 90 barrels. The salt block\\nis a building 14x80 feet, with a wing, storage shed 100x70 feet,\\nfour cisterns, of an aggregate capacity of 540 barrels, and all the\\nmachinery known to the salt manufacturer.\\nFinney d- Moorman Lumber and Salt Factory. This mill\\nwas erected in 1862. The season s capacity is estimated at 4.0oo.oo0\\nfeet. The salt works in connection with the mill produce 15.000\\nbarrels annually. The salt block is 120x40 feet, supplied with all\\nthe accessories of salt manufacture. The four cisterns are of a\\ncapacity of 500 barrels.\\nJ. H. Cook CoSs Shingle and Salt Factory. The shingle\\nmill was erected at South Saginaw in 18S0. Tiie building is", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0541.jp2"}, "540": {"fulltext": "53S HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n22x24, supplied with sufficient machinery for the preparation of\\n1,000,000 shingles. The product of this mill for 18S0 was 600,000\\nshingles. About the same period the shingle factory was built, a\\nsaltwell was bored to a depth of 830 feet, and a drill house 20x40\\nerected. There are three cisterns, of 165 barrels each, with the\\nkettles, etc., for the manufacture of salt. The annual product is\\n15,000 barrels.\\nMartindale Bros? Mill and Salt Works. The shingle mill\\nwas built in 1868, and with the engine house, machinery, etc.,\\ncost $15,000. In 18S1 the mill was enlarged, new machinery in-\\ntroduced, and the old improved, bringing the valuation of the\\nconcern, at present, to $25,000. The mill gives employment to 30\\nmen, and produces 20,000,000 shingles annually.\\nA salt well was bored to a depth of S44 feet in 1878, and a salt\\nblock 48x176 feet erected. Subsequently two blocks were constructed,\\nwith a capacity for manufacturing 15,000 barrels of salt yearly.\\nThe cisterns, grainers and all the appointments of a first-class\\nsalt factory are found here.\\nH. Turner s Salt Works. This well is among the pioneer\\nwells of the Valley. It was sunk in 1862, and reached a depth of\\n825 feet. The salt block is 50x150 feet. The cisterns, settlers\\nand grainers are well arranged. A warehouse and cooperage are\\nin connection with the block.\\nNelson Holland s Saw-Mill unci Salt Works. The saw-mill,\\nerected in 1878- 9, is a two-story building 50x150 feet, with wing\\n18x60, and engine house 40x50. The steam is supplied from six\\nlarge boilers, and the machinery in use has been selected from the\\nmost approved patterns. The actual product of the mill in 1880\\nwas 17.500,000 feet sawn lumber, but its estimated capacity exceeds\\nthis amount.\\nThere are four salt wells, of an average depth of 730 feet, capable\\nof supplying 250 barrels of brine per day. The salt block is a\\nmassive strucftire, 140x150 feet; the cooper shop in which the\\nsalt barrels are made is extensive, while the sheds, warehouses,\\netc., cover a large area. The number of barrels of salt manufact-\\nured in 1880 was 39.872.\\nThe salt and lumber industries offer direct employment to 100\\nmen, and rank among the great enterprises of the Valley. The\\nworks occupy the site of the first mill erected on the east bank of\\nthe river.\\nThe Michigan Dairy Salt Company was organized April IS, 1877,\\nwith a capital stock of $25,000. The officers of the company at\\npresent are: J. A. Hamilton, President, W. J. Bartow, Sec. and\\nTreas.; D. L. C. Eaton, Ezra Rust, W. J. Bartow and Thomas\\nCranage, jr., Directors. The manufacture of dairy salt for this\\ncompany reaches 40,000 barrels annually.\\nThe Salt Association of Michigan was organized under authority\\nof a Legislative act approved Feb. 5, 1S53, for the purpose of\\nmanufacturing and dealing in salt, and to engage in the trans-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0542.jp2"}, "541": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 539\\nportation of its products to market. The capital stock was set\\ndown at $200,000, in 8,000 shares; while the amount subscribed was\\ntwo dollars per share. The articles of association provided that\\nthe organization be managed by a board of directors, each member\\nto be a manufacturer of salt in the State, as well as a member of\\nthe association. This board comprises 16 directors, elected by the\\nstockholders, with offices at I a} T City and East Saginaw. Article\\nVII of the Constitution states that this association shall exist\\nas a corporation for the period of five years from and after the 31st\\nday of March. 1881. The names of the charter members or\\noriginal stockholders are as follows:\\nN. 1). Bradley Bay City 50 Shares.\\nJohn L Dolson, for Dolson, Chapin Co 50\\nThus. Cranage, jr., for Pitts Cranage.... 100\\nGeo C. Greenwood, for Chapin, Barber\\nCo 50\\nJohn McEwen 20\\nL. I). Malone 50\\nJ. R. Hall 50\\nFolsom Arnold, per Alexander Folsom.. 100 li\\nF E. Bradley, for F. B. Bradley Co 50\\nClark Moulthrop i\\nC E. Lewis 20\\nEdwin Eddy, for Eddy, Avery Eddy.... East Saginaw, 100\\nW. C McClure, for Hamilton, McClure .V..\\nCo 50\\nTempi.- E. Doar, for Murphy Dorr 50\\nGeo. Rust, for J. F. I). W. Rust Co. 50\\nW. R. Burt 200\\n.J. Bartow, for Jesse Jloyt 200\\nL. Remington 50\\nD. G. Holland u 50\\nG.F.Williams Saginaw City 100\\nAt present the membership includes 80 manufacturers, with\\nW. R. Burt, President; Albert Miller, V. P.: Thomas Cranage, jr.,\\nTreasurer; and D. G. Holland, Secretary. The association controls\\n3,000,000 barrels salt, or 90 per cent, of all the salt manufactured\\nin the State annually.\\nCarlisle s Tannery. This leather manufactory was established\\nin 1802, by F. W. Carlisle. It was burned in 1866, and rebui t the\\nsame year. It is located near the East Saginaw Salt Works, in the\\nnorthern part of the city. Its capacity is 16,000 sides per annum,\\nand it is crowded to its full capacity. The number of men employed\\nis 10. The hides which are manufactured into leather here are nil\\npurchased from the markets in this city and immediate vicinity.\\nIn 1S60 this pioneer tannery was established by John Franke, a\\nGerman tanner. This closed on the opening of the Carlisle yard.\\nHANKS.\\nThe history of the banking concerns of East Saginaw necessarily\\nholds a high place in the history of the city. That they have been\\ninstrumental in advancing the city is conceded by every one; for", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0543.jp2"}, "542": {"fulltext": "540 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwithout the capital, the efforts of enterprise would fail to reach\\nthese grand results, which with its aid they achieved. A good deal\\nhas been written on the banks of East Saginaw. W. K. Bates,\\nGeo. F. Lewis and others may be said to have collected many if not\\nall the facts in connection with these financial institutions; therefore\\nthe labor of searching out a history ah initio is saved to the com-\\npiler, additions to what has already been written being only\\nnecessary.\\nThe first banking house established in the city was that of W. L.\\nP. Little Co., established in 1855, with an office in the rooms\\nsubsequently occupied by W. J. Bartow.\\nIn August, 1856, the office was removed to the Bancroft House\\nblock, where the Lumber Exchange is now located. The capital\\nwas $10,000. This was until 1860 the only bank or banking\\noffice in the following counties: Saginaw, Bay, Tuscola, Alcona,\\nIosco, Alpena, Midland, Gratiot, Isabella and Cheboygan. In\\nOctober, James F. Brown, Esq., the present well-known and\\nhighly esteemed president of the Merchants National Bank, be-\\ncame connected with the bank of W. L. P. Little Co. in the\\ncapacity of general utility man. lie not only paid out money,\\nwrote drafts and attended to correspondence, but collected checks\\nand drafts, built fires and swept out the office. In 1860 the capi-\\ntal was increased to $20,000, and business established on a thor-\\nough banking principle. The Little Banking Company continued\\nto exist under that title in 1S65, when, after a career of 10 years,\\nit changed its name to the Merchants 1 National Bank.\\nThe Merchants National Bank. In August, 1865, the organi-\\nzation of the Merchants National Bank was first discussed; in\\nOctober of that year a charter was granted, and Jan. 1, 1866, the\\nbanking office of W. L. P. Little ite Co. was merged in the Mer-\\nchants National, with W. L. P. Little as President, James F. Brown,\\nCashier, and Douglas Hoyt, Assistant Cashier. Col. Little died in\\nDecember, 1867, and immediately thereafter James F. Brown was\\nelected President, Douglas Hoyt, Cashier, and L. C. Storrs, Esq.,\\nAssistant Cashier.\\nIn 1861 Ed. H. Paul became connected with the institution,\\nand for nine years performed in a highly satisfactory manner the\\nduties of teller. Last year, on account of partial failure of his\\neyes, he was compelled to leave the institution. The present\\nofficers are J. F. Brown, President, and Douglas Hoyt, Cashier.\\nThe office of assistant cashier has been dispensed with, L. C.\\nStorrs, Esq., being at present assistant treasurer of the F. P.\\nM. Railway. When this bank was first organized under the\\nNational Banking Law. its capital was $200,000, Since that time\\nan elegant stone building has been erected for it on Washington\\navenue, at an expense of over $50,000. The condition of this im-\\nportant banking house is shown forth in the following exhibit,\\ngiven under date of May 6, 1881.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0544.jp2"}, "543": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 541\\nRESOURCES.\\nLoan- and discounts 55(5,796 72\\nOverdrafts 008 16\\nr S. bonds to secure circulation 125,000 00\\nOther stocks, bonds and mortgages 31,500 00\\nDue from approved reserve agants 77,491 40\\nDue from other National hanks 37,381 50\\nDm from stair hanks ami bankers 268 00\\nReal estate, furniture and fixtures 54,523 00\\nCurrent expens\u00c2\u00b0s and tnxes paid 4,613 28\\nChecks ami other cash items 120 56\\nBills of other banks 11,280 00\\nFractional paper currency, nickels and pennies 275 56\\nB (Gold 157,789 47\\nSilver 16,940 10\\n74,729,57\\nLegal tender uotes 100,559 00\\nRedemption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 per cent, of circulation).. 5,625 00\\nDim from U. S. Treasurer, other than 5 per cent, redemption fund. 3 000 00\\nTotal $1,083,832 41\\nLIABILITIES.\\nCapital stock paid in 200,000 00\\nSurplus fund 100,000 00\\nUndivided profits 69,848 74\\nNational bank notes outstanding 112,500 00\\nIndividual deposits subject to check 522,79(1 10\\nDemand certificates of deposit 38,952 30\\nDue to State banks and hankers 39,741 27\\nTotal $1,083,832 41\\nDouglas Iloyt is the present Cashier, B. B. Buckhout, Wm. L.\\nWebber and II. C. Potter, Directors.\\nTh Hirst National Bank has a capital paid in of $100,000,\\nwith an authorized capital of $250,000. The bank was opened in\\nJanuary, 1865. Since that time semi-annual dividends of from\\nfive to seven per cent., over and above all taxation, have been paid\\nto the stockholders. The present surplus is over $40,000. It is\\nstated that no bad debts have been contracted, and the institution\\nis in a flourishing condition. The office is in the Bancroft House\\nblock, on Washington avenue. The first officers were E. T. Judd,\\nPresident; C. K. Robinson, Cashier; and L. A. Clark, Teller, and\\nits capital when first started was $50,000.\\nTlit Sagina/m Valley Bank was established by Fay, Bliss Co.,\\nin L863. Its business was extensive for a time; but owing to the\\nincrease of such institutions, the capital employed was withdrawn\\nand invested otherwise.\\nSecond National Bank. A history of the Second National\\nBank of this city would be incomplete without a reference to the\\nbanking house of C. K. Robinson Co. This bank was estab-\\nlished in January, 1866. the building being erected upon a portion\\nof the ground where the old Exchange Hotel stood before the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0545.jp2"}, "544": {"fulltext": "542 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nlire. The capital with which trie bank started was $20,000, of\\nwhich C. K. Kobinson, Dr. Geo. W. Fish, W. W. Woodhull and\\nN. C. Richardson each put in $5,000. Mr. Robinson was made\\nmanager, and Will E. Mclvnight teller and bookkeeper. In the\\nfall of 1867, Mr. Woodhull having sunk $100,000 in a hop specu-\\nlation, retired and withdrew his interest. In 1868 Mr. Richardson\\ndied, and his interest was withdrawn. In the summer of 1870\\nDr. Fish withdrew his interest, and in December, 1870, W. E.\\nMcKnight became disconnected with it, leaving O. K., as he is\\nknown, the sole representative of the original concern. In January,\\n1871, Alice L. Coats became an equal partner with Mr. R., having\\ninvested $5,000. March 12, 1872, the banking house was changed\\nto The Second National Bank of East Saginaw. The capital\\nwas made $200,000. The first officers were: C. K. Robinson. Presi-\\ndent; R. G. Horr, Cashier, and W. H. Coats, Assistant Cashier.\\nDirectors C. K. Robinson, R. G. Horr, A. B. Wood, Geo. W.\\nMorley and F. P. Sears. The present officers are R. G. Horr,\\nPresident; W. H. Coats, Cashier. Directors C. K. Robinson,\\nIt. G. Horr, Geo. W. Morley, A. B. Wood and C. L. Ortmann.\\nEast Saginaw Savings Banking Company was organized in\\nMarch, 187*^, and incorporated April 1, under State charter, with a\\ncapital of $100,000. The present officers are: H.-C. Potter. President;\\nEdwin Eddy, V. P., and A. Schupp, Sec. and Treas.\\nThis bank offers its services to the public generally as a safe and\\nreliable place in which to deposit savings. Deposits as low as $1\\nare received and interest paid on deposits.\\nA private bank was established by John Gallagher Com-\\npany, Jan. 10, 1870, and one by J. A. Hollon, Thurber Company,\\nin 1868. The business of these concerns was of a most extensive\\ncharacter, and the high reputation of the bankers known through-\\nout the commercial circles of the State.\\nTHE CITY STREET RAILWAY COMPANY\\nwas incorporated Nov. 10, 1864, and three miles of track laid\\ndown, extending to South Saginaw, April 4, 1S65. ffm. H. Bar-\\ntow was the first superintendent. The capital stock of this com-\\npany is $60,000. The running of the cars and all matters con-\\ntrolled by the company are managed systematically..\\nEAST SAGINAW GAS-LIGHT COMPANY.\\nThis corn pan v was organized Mav 23, 1863, with a capital stock\\nof $50,000. The first President was Henry Day, of New York;\\nJames L. Ketcham was first Yice President and Treasurer, and\\nJulius K. Rose, Secretary. Charles H. Burton attended to the\\ndetails, and sometimes entered the meters, made out the bills and\\ncollected them all in one day. This, however, does not seem so", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0546.jp2"}, "545": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST 8AGINAW. 543\\nstrange when it is remembered that the number of consumers only-\\nreached about 75 at first.\\nIn October, 1S66, the capital stock was increased to $150,000.\\nIn 1873 the New Gas Works were erected at a cost of $75,000,\\non the site of the Emerson mill.\\nTHE WATER WORKS.\\nThe Board of Water Commissioners was formed under an act of\\nthe Michigan Legislature, approved Feb. 28, 1873. The first com-\\nmissioners appointed under this act were W. R. Burt, James G.\\nTerry, John G. Owen, Conrad Fey, and II. H. Hoyt. The officers\\nelected were as follows: President, John G. Owen; Treasurer, W.\\nR.Burt; Secretary, Ferd A. Ashley. The machinery cost $32,000.\\nThe total cost of the water works to Dec. 31, 1S73, was $273,354.29.\\nThe original amount authorized to be expended was $300,000. On\\na special recommendation of the Governor during an extra session\\nof the Legislature, an additional issue of $50,000 was authorized,\\nthus giving a capital of about $70,000 for interest, extensions and\\nworking expenses for the ensuing year. The works were completed\\nin 1873, and accepted by the city Jan. 10, 1874. They are located\\n3J miles above the center of the city, almost opposite the confluence\\nof the Tittabawassee and Saginaw rivers, with 24 miles of water\\nmains coursing through the streets and avenues. There were\\nissued in 1S73 water bonds bearing 8 percent, semi-annual interest,\\nto the amount of $300,000. For the purpose of extending the\\npipes and completing the works, the Legislature of Michigan, at its\\nspecial session in March of the present year, authorized the issue\\nof $50,000 additional water bonds, provided a majority of the\\nvoters should favor such issue. The question was submitted at the\\nspecial election held April 6, 1874, and a very large majority of the\\nelectors voting thereon, voted in favor of such additional issue.\\nThese bonds were issued in accordance with the authority confer-\\nred. They bear date May 1. 1874, and are in sums of $500 each,\\npayable 12 years from their date, with semi-annual interest coupons\\nattached, payable on the first of November and May of each year,\\nboth principal and interest payable at the Merchants Exchange\\nNational Bank in the city of New York.\\nSAGINAW VALLEY MINING COMPANY.\\nThe organization of a company of Saginaw capitalists was per-\\nfected in May, 1881, having for its object the development of the\\ngold and silver mines of Dumont, Colorado. The officers elected\\nat the first meeting of stockholders are as follows: President, L.\\nT. Durand; Vice-President, J. N. Eldred; Treasurer, James A.\\nWeaver; Secretary, Joshua Tuthill. The company have several\\nvaluable claims which promise very rich developments, the reports\\nreceived from those on the ground being very flattering. A quan-\\ntity of the mineral ore taken from the several lodes and neighbor-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0547.jp2"}, "546": {"fulltext": "544 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ning claims are on exhibition at the office of the secretary, Mr.\\nJoshua Tuthill, Wisner block, and the company is now making\\nactive preparations for pushing the development of their property.\\nTHE UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE\\nwas removed to East Saginaw from Flint in March, 1857, and\\nopened in the former city, April 1, 1857. The office was estab-\\nlished at Flint in 1836. Upon removal to East Saginaw, the office\\nof register was filled by Moses B. Hess, and that of receiver by the\\nlate Col. W. L. P. Little. These gentlemen held their respective\\noffices until the inauguration of President Lincoln. Hon. J. F.\\nDriggs became register and C. K. Robinson receiver, in April, 1861.\\nMr. Driggs was elected to Congress in 1862. and retired from the\\nland office in the early part of 1863, his place being filled by II. C.\\nDriggs. In 1866, Andrew Johnson made several changes among\\nGovernment officers in the United States, and Messrs. C. K. Rob-\\ninson and H. C. Driggs were among the decapitated ones. Their\\nplaces were filled by M. W. Quackenbush as receiver, and Isaac\\nWorden as register. These gentlemen remained in office until the\\nfall of the Johnson djmasty, when Thomas Savior was appointed\\nreceiver, and Henry 0. Ripley was made register. These gentle-\\nmen held their offices four years when Robert L. Warren was\\nappointed receiver and W. R. Bates register. Thev took posses-\\nsion of the offices May 10, 1871. Oct. l 1872, R. L. Warren re-\\nsigned, when Maj. Albert A. Day was appointed to fill that office.\\nCharles Doughty, the present United States land commissioner,\\nwas appointed registrar in 1S77.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nTo complete the history of East Saginaw we present on the fol-\\nlowing pages brief personal notices of many of the pioneers and\\nleading citizens. While their lives in this county constitute a\\nlegitimate and essential element of its history, they will also be\\nfound interesting, especially to their neighbors, in many cases\\nmore interesting than any other portion of this volume.\\nLouis D Armstaeller, brewer, East Saginaw T was born on the\\nRiver Rhine in Germany, in 1840. He went to school until 10 years\\nof age, when he accompanied his parents to America. They lo-\\ncated at Detroit, Mich., where his father built the first brewery in\\nthat city. The machinery was brought from Pittsburg, Pa. In\\n1861 Louis enlisted in the 17th Mo., Western Turner Rifles, of\\nSt. Louis, and rapidly arose to positions of honor and trust. He\\nwas promoted Captain of Co. D, on Jan. 1, 1863, by order of Gen.\\nSiegel, and was discharged in 1864. He owns an extensive brew-\\nery at East Saginaw, known as the Saginaw Brewing Company.\\nWilliam. Baker (deceased) was born in Yorkshire, Eng., and\\nworked seven years at Pickering, in learning his trade. He came", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0548.jp2"}, "547": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 545\\nacross the waters over 50 years ago, and settled in Nova Scotia,\\nwhere he bought a grist-mill, which lie operated for 11 years, lie\\nsettled atRichmond, Ohio; thence to Newberry; thence to Indi-\\nana, and after a year s residence there, came to Saginaw county.\\nHe died at Fort Hope, Canada. Jan. 29, 1880. He was a member\\nof the firm of Baker Son, manufacturers of carriages and wagons,\\nand a well-known citizen of the Saginaw Valley.\\nF. Barbier was horn in France in 1828, where he was brought\\nup and educated. On coming to America he landed in New York\\nApril 6, 1859, and located in Watertown, N. Y., where lie re-\\nmained three- years, working at the tanner s trade, which he\\nlearned in France. In 1802 he went to Buffalo, and remained\\nthere 22 months. March 2, 1864, he came to Saginaw and located\\non the west side of the river, in the village of Florence, where lie\\nbuilt the first business house in that locality. He started a grocery\\nand liquor store combined, which he ran for six years. In the\\nmeantime he built a saw-mill in Carrollton, ran it for eight months\\nand sold it to William Callum. In 1865 he began running barges\\nand sews on the river and lakes, carrying lumber and general\\nmerchandise to and from different ports. In 1872 he bought the\\nbuilding where lie is now located, on Genesee street, and opened\\na liquor and cigar store. This he lias successfully run ever since.\\nHe was married Jan. 0, 1856, at Paris, France, to Mary A.\\nBarbier, a cousin of his. Mr. Barbier has made his wealth during\\nhis careerin Saginaw. When he first came here he was com-\\nparatively a poor man, while to-day he owns, besides the property\\nmentioned, eight houses in the county, and deals extensively in\\nreal estate.\\nWilliam Barie, merchant, was born at Detroit, Mich., Feb. 16,\\n1839, and is the son of William and Elizabeth (Mayer) Barie,\\nnatives of Germany. He was reared in Detroit, receiving the edu-\\ncational facilities afforded by the public schools of that city. In\\n1850 he came to East Saginaw, but soon after occurred the death\\nof his father. He then went to Pennsylvania, where he remained\\nsome years. In 1858 he opened a restaurant at East Saginaw, and\\na year later started a grocery store. Business increased very rap-\\nidly, and he soon after added a stock of dry goods. Finding the\\nsale of the latter more profitable, he closed out his stock of groceries,\\nand gave his entire time and attention to the dry-goods trade. In\\n1878 he removed to his present quarters, where he occupies a\\nthree-story brick, filled with one of the largest dry-goods stocks in\\nthe Saginaw Valley, and fitted up with all the conveniences neces-\\nsary. Mr. Barie was married in 1S62, to Gabriella Otto, who was\\nborn in Germany in 1S44. They have 6 children William,\\nAdella, Mary, Elsie, Blanche and Otelia. Mr. Barie is a member\\nof the I. O.O. F. fraternity.\\nA. F. Bartlett (deceased) was a native of Reading, Pa. He was\\nreared to manhood in his native city, and when young learned\\nsurveying. He subsequently established a transportation business,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0549.jp2"}, "548": {"fulltext": "546 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nhaving offices at Philadelphia and New York. When the civil war\\ncommenced he enlisted in a Pennsylvania cavalry regiment, as 1st\\nLient. He served through a portion of that memorable conflict,\\nand during this time was on a spirited horse, which became a great\\nfavorite with the soldiers. The horse died in 1S80, and was buried\\nby Mr. Bartlett s brother, at the old homestead, with all his war\\ntrappings. At the age of 21, while a resident of Reading, Mr. B.\\nwas elected to represent that district in the Pennsylvania Legislat-\\nure, and enjoyed the honor of being the youngest member in that\\nbody. He was also chief of the Reading Fire Department. In 1866\\nhe located at East Saginaw, where he became established in the iron\\nand galvanizing business. This latter process was only an experi-\\nment, and he was the first to establish it west of Cleveland, Ohio.\\nThis experiment proved satisfactory, supplying a needed demand\\nby the business of the Valley. In February, 1878, Mr. B. married\\nLouise, daughter of T. B. Corning, of East Saginaw, and the happy\\npair started on an extended tour through the Southern States.\\nMr. Bartlett was in failing health, and it was hoped a change\\nmight be beneficial to him, but the result proved otherwise. Three\\nmonths after their marriage, he died at Boerne, Texas, leaving the\\nwidowed bride to seek her Northern home mid sorrow, and\\nthe warm and heartfelt sympathy of a whole community. Mr.\\nBartlett was tenderly laid at rest in the family vault, at Brady\\nHill cemetery. He was a member of the Knights Templar, of\\nEast Saginaw, also of Philadelphia. A. F. Bartlett was a warm\\nand generous-hearted citizen, the very soul of honor and integ-\\nrity, and an exemplary member of the Congregational Church.\\nHis loss was deeply mourned by his many friends and acquaint-\\nances, and by East Saginaw as an enterprising and public-spirited\\ncitizen. Mrs. Bartlett is a member of the firm of A. F. Bartlett\\nCo., the business being carried on by the other partner, Henry\\nSpindler.\\nHerbert E. Borden, of Borden McLean, grocers, Potter St.,\\nEast Saginaw, was born at Frankfort, Herkimer Co., N. Y.,. Feb.\\n14, 1858, and is of English ancestry. He attended school until 18\\nyears of age, and his first occupation was newsagent, on the F.\\nP. M. R. R. He worked in the shops of that road one year, and\\nwas subsequently a clerk for five years. In May, 1880, the present\\nfirm entered into business.\\nGeorge J. Brink, proprietor Tuscola House, East Saginaw, was\\nborn in Wayne Co., Pa., Sept. 21. 1823. In 1844 he located\\nnear Port Huron, St. Clair Co., Mich., where he was engaged in\\nlumbering until 1862. He was engaged in business at Shiawassee,\\nSouth Saginaw, Freeland Station, Saginaw City, Farrandville,\\nGenesee Co., keeping hotel the greater portion of the time, and in\\n1879 leased the Tuscola House, on the N. E. corner of Johnson and\\nFranklin streets, for a term of five years. He was married in St.\\nClair Co., Mich., Feb. 16, 1851, to Delia Hellipee, who was born\\nin Erie Co., Pa., June 2, 1831 They have 2 children, Ida May,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0550.jp2"}, "549": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 547\\nborn at Kimball, St. Clair Co., Mich., Feb. 16, 1852, and Guy K.,\\nborn at the same place Sept. 5, 1853.\\nJohn C. Brown, dealer in logs, etc., East Saginaw, is a native of\\nNew York, and located at East Saginaw in 1869. He established\\nhis present business in 1872. From that time until 1881, he has\\ninvested in pine lands, in Midland and other counties. He has two\\nvaluable farms, one of which, not far from East Saginaw, is worth\\n$100 per acre, and is one of the best improved and most productive\\nfarms in the State. On this, in 1879, he erected a residence and\\ntwo barns. One of these barns cost $1,600, is 40x80 feet in size,\\ntwo stories in height, and a perfect model of an equine palace.\\nR. Brushe, druggist and chemist, and dealer in drugs, medicines,\\nwines and liquors, and a tine assortment of fancy and toilet articles,\\nbegan business in 1875, at the corner of Jefferson and Genesee streets,\\nwhich he still has possession of. He has a neat store, which is run\\nin a most attractive manner, and has a large prescription trade.\\nHe was born in the province of Schlesia, Prussia, in 1851, and\\ncame to America when but three years old, with his parents, who\\nlocated in Saginaw. He was reared and educated here, and in 1865\\nbegan clerking in different stores; in 1868entered the drug business\\nwith L. Simoneau, was with him seven years, after which he took a\\nfour-months tour to Europe. He returned to Saginaw, opened\\nbusiness for himself, and has been successfully engaged in it for six\\nyears. In the spring of 1882 Mr. Bruske calculates to branch out\\nand enlarge his business on account of his increasing trade.\\nJoseph T. Bumliam, of Burnham Still, salt and lumber\\nmanufacturers, East Saginaw, was born at Berlin, Erie Co., Ohio,\\nJuly 30, 1824. He is a son of Ellsworth and Maria (Walker)\\nBurnham, natives of Connecticut. Joseph was reared on a farm\\nand attended the district schools in winter, assisting his father on\\nthe farm and in a saw-mill in the summer seasons. When young,\\nhe built a saw-mill at Berlin, which was destroyed by fire. Another\\nmill erected on the same site suffered the same fate, and in May,\\n1856, he came to Saginaw county. He first located at St. Charles,\\nwhere, in connection with three others, he bought a saw-mill and a\\nlarge tract of pine land; also kept a country store. Four years later\\nthe mill was idestroyed by fire, and in 1863 Mr. B. located at Sag-\\ninaw City. Soon after he puchased an interest in the Freeto\\nSmith mill property, at South Saginaw, and after passing through\\nseveral hands the mill was burned, in 1867. It was rebuilt in\\n1868, and a shingle-mill erected, which shared the luck of its pre-\\ndecessors three years later. Mr. Burnham has suffered the loss of\\nsix mills, in which he had whole or part interest. He was Post-\\nmaster at St. Charles for two years, and has served as Alderman of\\nEast Saginaw. He is a member of the K. of P. and I. O. O. F.\\nfraternities. He was married in October, 1848, to Julia A., a daugh-\\nter of Sheldon and Sallie (Osborn) Hurd, a native of Berlin, Erie\\nCo., O. They have 4 children Ella A., wife of C. N. Palmer;\\nSarah A., wife of W. H. Morgan Frank E. and J. T.\\n33", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0551.jp2"}, "550": {"fulltext": "548 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nCaffery Bros., dealers in agricultural implements, wagons and\\ncarriages, East Saginaw. This firm was established April 20, 1880,\\nand in one short year their business has assumed stupendous pro-\\nportions. They have erected a two-story brick warehouse on Gene-\\nsee ave., at a cost of $8,000, where they store the immense\\nquantities of goods received weekly. This firm have 75 local agents\\ndistributed throughout the State, and give employment to four\\nfirst-class salesmen. The firm was formerly located at Pinkney,\\nMich.\\nA. W. S. Calderwood was born in Scotland, May 25, 1845, and\\nis a son of Peter Calderwood, who emigrated to Canada in 1855.\\nOur subject came to South Saginaw in the fall of 1865. In 1868 he\\nengaged in the mercantile trade in this place. He keeps a full line\\nof dry goods, clothing, millinery and furnishing goods. His sales\\namount to $10,000 annually, and are steadily increasing, for Mr.\\nCalderwood is a live business man, keeps up with the times, and\\nsells cheap. He also owns a half interest in the grocery store of\\nCalderwood Smith. He was married in 1873 to Miss Ellen M.\\nYanliew, by whom he has 1 daughter, Jennie.\\nMr. Camp, of Sample k Camp, manufacturers of lumber, lath\\nand salt, East Saginaw, was born in Grinnell Co., Ohio, in 1826.\\nHe received an academic education, and was engaged in farming\\nuntil the war, when he was a soldier in the 40,000 men Ohio sent\\nto garrison Union forts. He was stationed at Arlington Heights.\\nDuring the war lie organized the 64th Reg. Ohio Yol. Inf. Band,\\nand was its teacher. He was a Tp. Trustee while in Ohio. Mr.\\nCamp came to Saginaw City in 1873, but did not remove his family\\nthere until 1878.\\nJoseph Carr, of McKnight Carr, blacksmiths, corner Johnson\\nand Franklin streets, East Saginaw, was born at Dunville, Monk\\nCo., Canada, May 6, 1848, and is of English and Irish ancestry.\\nWhen 12 years of age he left home and went to Buffalo, N Y.\\nwhere he drove a coal cart for one year. He was a sailor on the\\nlakes for three years, a blacksmith at Dunville, Canada, three\\nyears and a half; in 1870 came to East Saginaw, and worked on a\\ntug one year; worked in a saw-mill and feed store; then as black-\\nsmith for Charles A. Dolliver for eight years; then in business for\\nhimself 11 months, and the present partnership was formed March\\n1, 1881. In the spring of 1877 he purchased a house and lot at\\nthe Penoyer farm, valued at $1,000. He is a member of the East\\nSaginaw Reform Club; was married at East Saginaw, May 11, 1871,\\nto Effie Inez Elliott, who was born near Detroit, Mich. They have\\none child, Ivy I., born at Saginaw City, Feb. 25, 1881.\\nElijah S. Catlin is an old settler of Saginaw Yalley, having\\nlocated at Bay City in 1848. He came by way of Flint on the\\nState road to Saginaw. The road was paved with logs and the journey\\nwas tedious. Saginaw was a village of about 500 inhabitants at that\\ntime, and there was one house, a log structure, in East Saginaw, near\\nwhere the Bancroft House now stands. Emerson s mill was also\\non the east side of the river, surrounded by its half-a-dozen cabins.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0552.jp2"}, "551": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 549\\nMr. Catlin passed down the river to Bay City, which at that time\\nwas a village of 1. families. lie remained in Bay City until 1859,\\nwhen he came to East Saginaw, where he has since resided. Mr.\\nCatlin informs us that the first salt t Saginaw Valley was made in\\nEast Saginaw in 1860. While in Bay City he was a clerk, and\\nafter coining to East Saginaw, became bookkeeper for a lumber\\nfirm, which position he held for live years, when he engaged in\\nthe commission business, also inspecting and shipping lumber,\\nwhich he has followed until the present time. Mr. Catlin was\\nborn in Schuyler Co., N. Y., May 14, 1820, and is a son of Lee-\\nman and Betsey Catlin. He was married in 1858 to Miss Martha\\nE. Wellman, by whom he has 3 children Joseph E., Carrie and\\nCharles S.\\nAlexander II. Clark, of (lark Bros., grocery and meat market\\nwas born in Ayrshire, Scotland, June 6, 1848. and is a son ot\\nRobert and Hannah (Clark) Clark. He attended school, and at 15\\nyears old was apprenticed to the slater s trade, where he remained\\nfour years. In 1866 he came to the United States, locating at\\nEast Saginaw. In 1871 he started in business, and in 1878 his\\nbrother entered into full partnership. They have $1,500 invested\\nin groceries, \u00c2\u00a31,000 in the meat department, and $1,000 worth\\nof slate for roofing constantly on hand. Mr. Clark was married\\nat East Saginaw, April 4, 1871, to Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas\\nand Elizabeth (McGregor) Steel, who was born near Detroit, Mich.,\\nJuly 18, 1850. Or their 3 children, 1 is living, Robert,\\nborn Nov. 2, 1874. Esther was born April 1, 1872, and died in\\nJuly, 1872, and Elizabeth was born Oct. 12, 1876, and died April\\n1, 1877. Mr. Clark is connected with the Masonic order, and his\\nwife is a member of the Presbyterian Church.\\nS. G. Clay, formerly manager of the Academy of Music, East\\nSaginaw, was born at Bath, England, in 1818. When 12 years of\\nage he went on board a man of war, where he practiced instru-\\nmental music for three years. At the end of this time he went on\\nboard the vessel Spit-Fire, off the coast of Algiers, and subse-\\nquently came to America, locating at Philadelphia, where his\\nparents had previously settled. Mr. Clay has been engaged in\\nmanaging theaters and theatrical companies for over 30 years. In\\n1852 he was the manager of the Bidwell Hall at Adrian, Mich.,\\nand was subsequently a teacher of band music at Detroit, Flush\\ning, Flint and East Saginaw. He has been in charge of the\\nAcademy of Music from 1859 to 1881.\\nH. Coleman, proprietor livery establishment, East Saginaw,\\nwas born in Livingston Co., New York, where he was also edu-\\ncated. In 1862 he enlisted in the 136th Reg. N.T. Vol. Inf., and\\nserved three years fighting for Uncle Sam. He was for one\\nyear on a detached service. In 1865 he went into partnership with\\nJ. J. Harvey, of East Saginaw, and they opened a hotel and livery\\nat Howell, Mich., where they remained two years. They then\\nopened a livery at East Saginaw, and were in partnership until", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0553.jp2"}, "552": {"fulltext": "550 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n1878, when the firm was dissolved, Mr. Coleman purchasing Mr.\\nHarvey s interest. Mr. C. has also one of the largest undertaking\\nestablishments in the city in connection with his liver} 7 Mr.\\nColeman was married in January, 1867, to Minerva II. Thomas, a\\nnative of New York.\\nJohn H. Cook, of the firm of J. H. Cook Co., is a native\\nof Cayuga Co., New York, and was born March 9, 1811.\\nHis father, John Cook, was a native of New Jersey. Mr. Cook\\nwas brought up on a farm, and his early education was obtained\\nin the common schools. He came to Saginaw county in 1851,\\nand here resided on a farm. He served for over two years during\\nthe late war, in Co. C, 7th Mich. Cavalry, participating in the\\nbattles of Gettysburg and others, and was wounded at the former\\nplace. He was in the employ of the Boom Company here for 11\\nyears. He, with Mr. John Howard, purchased their present salt\\nblock, and erected a shingle mill in 1880.\\nMr. Cook was married in November, 1867, to Miss Polly A.\\nBaker, daughter of William Baker, East Dayton, Mich.\\nT. B. Coming (deceased) was born at Williston, near Burling-\\nton, Vt., in 1802, and was the son of a noted physician of the\\nGreen Mountain State. When quite young he went to Boston,\\nand subsequently to Rochester, N. Y., where, he entered the\\nemploy of Ephraim Moore, a prominent merchant of that city.\\nSometime after, Mr. Corning went to Webster, N. Y., where, in\\nconnection with his brother William, he transacted a prosperous\\nbusiness in a general store. About, this time he was married to\\nAnn E. Dickinson, of Lyons, N. Y. The brothers afterward\\nestablished a banking house at Rochester, N. Y., under the firm\\nname of T. B. W. Corning, which house is still doing a thriving\\nbusiness. Mr. Corning located at Detroit, Mich., about this time,\\nand when salt operations first commenced in the Saginaw Valley,\\ncame to East Saginaw. He was one of the founders of the First\\nNational Bank, of Saginaw City, and a prominent stockholder\\nand director of that institution. In 1872 he built a palatial resi-\\ndence on South Washington street, at a cost of about $25,000.\\nHe was an unselfish and kind-hearted citizen, a remarkable finan-\\ncier, and his judgment on all business matters was considered\\nsecond to none. He departed this life in 1871, and was tenderly\\nlaid at rest in the family vault at Brady Hill cemetery, He left a\\nwife, a son and daughter, and many friends to mourn his loss.\\nD. Crease, of Russell Crease, manufacturers of lumber, lath,\\nstaves, headings and salt, East Saginaw, was born in the Eastern\\nStates, and first entered into business at East Saginaw. His first\\nventure in salt was at Zilwaukee, where he was located seven\\nyears. He owned one well, 1,000 feet deep, that has furnished\\nbrine enough to make 100 barrels of salt per day ever since. While\\nat Zilwaukee he was a Justice of the Peace, and has been\\nSuperintendent for Batchelor Co., for over three years. He is\\nconnected with the Masonic fraternity.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0554.jp2"}, "553": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 551\\nPatrick Crowley, proprietor of hotel on Jefferson street, near\\n1 A: P. M. R. R. depot, East Saginaw, was born at Peterboro,\\nUpper Canada, Jan. L5, L848. IK is the third son of James D.\\nand Margaret (Whibbs) Crowley; father born in County Cork.\\n[reland, in 1811, and died Nov. 30, 1S78. Patrick vsas reared on\\na tan n. and when IT years of age, went to work in the lumber\\nbusiness. In 1S74. for three months, he was proprietor of the\\n.Etna House, on Cass street, East Saginaw, and then kept the\\nTremont House tor five rears. In 1880 he erected his present\\nhotel, which is 7 by 120 feet in size, three stories high, contain-\\ning 12 rooms. He was married at Saginaw City, May 14, 1874,\\nto Margaret, daughter of Patrick and Margaret (Mulroy) Walsh,\\nwho was born at Evansville, Canada, June 17, 1819. They have\\n2 children Francis horn Feb. 11, 1876, and Margaret E.,\\nborn Aug. 21, 1877. Mr. Crowley and wife are members of the\\nRoman atholic Church.\\nA B. Cutter, foreman of F. P. M. R. R. car shops, East Sagi-\\nnaw, was born in Massachusetts, where he learned the carpenter and\\njoiner s trade. In 1852 he went to Chicago, and worked tor Ameri-\\ncan Car Company until their failure; then worked at trade; thence\\nto I. C. R. R.; thence to C. N. W. R. R.; thence to Blooming-\\nton, 111., for C. A. R. R.; thence to Holly Springs, Miss., for\\nMississippi Central R. R. and accepted present position in 1880; is\\na man of family, and home at Lake iew, 111. He was formerly a\\nmember of Excelsior Lodge, of* Chicago, now Ancient Odd Fellows.\\nMr. Cutter is a steam gas fitter and a millwright.\\nGeo. Davenport, proprietor of shingle-mill which was established\\nin 1861 and run by Christopher Reeves for two years. The mill\\nafterward passed into two or three different hands, and was finally\\nbought by E. S. Avery, of Detroit, and removed north on the J., L.\\nS. R. R. in 1872. The same year a mill was built in Florence, on\\nlots 21 and 22, by Geo. Davenport Co., manufacturing lumber,\\nlath and shingles. In 1871 it was purchased by Mr. Davenport,\\nand it was destroyed by fire in 1878. In 1S79 it was rebuilt, at a\\ncost of $3,000; it gives employment to 13 men, and turns out 35,000\\nshingles per day. Mr. Davenport was born in Saginaw City, Jan.\\n11, 1810, son of E. W. and Marthy Davenport. He was brought up\\nand educated here, and formerly followed farming to a certain ex-\\ntent; also was engaged in lumbering, directly and indirectly, for 17\\nyears. He was married Oct. 10, 1866, at Pompey, N. Y., to Lydia\\nB. Wright, a native of that State, and they have two daughters re-\\nsiding at home. Mr. Davenport is a prominent man in the city,\\nhaving lived here all his life, and has been well connected with the\\nbusiness welfare of the county.\\nJZlijah N. Davenport was born in 1801 in Dutchess county, N.\\nY\u00e2\u0080\u009e where he was brought up until he was IS years of age. His\\nfather originally came from England, and settled in New York at\\nan early date. His mother was born in New York, whose ancestry\\ncame from Holland. Mr. Davenport, at the age of IS, went to", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0555.jp2"}, "554": {"fulltext": "552 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nNiagara county and was engaged in farming until 1831, when he\\ncame to Michigan and settled on the Flint river, where the city of\\nFlint now stands, having bought 200 acres of land on\u00c2\u00bb the east side\\nof the river. At that time there was only one white family living\\nthere besides his own. He was married in Niagara county, N. Y.,\\nin March, 1828, to Martha Cronk, a native of that State, who came\\nwith him to Michigan. The existence of a great deal of sickness in\\nthe neighborhood induced him to move to Grand Blanc, Genesee\\ncounty, where he bought a farm of 80 acres and acted as inn -keeper\\nand Postmaster, it being the nearest one in that part of the country.\\nHaving a desire to come to Saginaw, he sold his farm in Grand\\nBlanc in 1834 and bought land in different parts of the city, which\\nwas surveyed off into city lots. He kept a hotel, opposite where the\\nFirst National Bank now is, several years, and started a ferry across\\nthe Saginaw river, which he ran until the Genesee street bridge\\nwas built. In 1836 he was elected High Sheriff and re-elected again\\nin 1840, retiring after serving eight years. He was also elected\\nCounty Judge, which office he held several years. He was one of\\nthe principal stockholders in the Genesee street bridge, which was\\nbuilt in 1863. Oct. 15, 1863, he died, leaving his wife and a family\\nof 10 children, 8 daughters and 2 sons, to mourn his loss. Mr.\\nDavenport was a very prominent man in the county at the time of\\nhis death, and had accumulated considerable wealth, thus leaving\\nhis family well provided for in life. The widow is still living on\\nthe homestead, and is in her 74th year. Out of the family of children\\nthere are 5 daughters and 1 son married, living in different\\nparts of the State.\\nRobert DedericKs bottling works, North Water street, East Sagi-\\nnaw, were established by Mr. Dederich, in 1876. The business\\nincreased very rapidly, and Mr. D. was forced to find larger and\\nmore convenient rooms for his purpose. He now manufactures\\nbirch beer and soda water, and is sole agent for Finlay Zahm s\\ncelebrated Toledo bottled beer. He employs 14 men, and also has a\\nbranch establishment at Bay City. The manufacturing depart-\\nment is fitted up with the latest improved machinery, and is under\\nthe efficient management of Mr. Butelle, of France. Mr. Butelle\\nhas gained considerable local notoriety, owing to his introduction\\nof Dederich s birch beer. He was awarded a special premium on\\nwine at the Centennial Exposition of the United States.\\nLouis DeLaVergne was born in the town of Armina, Dutchess\\ncounty. New York, Jan. 12, 1807. His boyhood days were spent\\non his father s farm and his education was obtained in the common\\nschools. In 1835 he went to Tompkins county, New York, and kept\\na dairy until 1838, when he removed to Broome county, New York,\\nlocating on a farm seven miles from Binghamton. Here he resided\\nuntil 1852, and farmed all that time except the last four years, which\\ntime he ran on the New York Erie R. R. In 1852 he came\\nto East Saginaw, which was then a wilderness. He worked four\\nvears for Jas. Keteham and others, when, in 1856, he went to", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0556.jp2"}, "555": {"fulltext": "(ITY OF EA8T SAGINAW. 553\\nPike s Peak, spent nearly all his monej 7 and returned the same\\nyear. He worked tor Warner Eastman about three years, when he\\nbecame foreman in one department at the F. P. M. car shops.\\nMr. De La Vergne was a very hard worker in his younger days. His\\nhouse was the second one built south of the bayou, and this he built\\nof nights and Sundays, attending to his regular daily labor at the\\nsame time. He was married Nov. 1, 1828, to Miss Alma Stebbins.\\nsister of Deacon Luther Stebbins, of near Buffalo, New York.\\nThey have had 11 children, 8 living William, Theodore, Helen\\n(Smith), Lucy, Franklin T. F., Lurinda (Donaho), Louis and Jennie\\n(Handle). The deceased are S. Maria, Henry and William Y.\\nThree of their sons, Theodore, Franklin and Louis, were soldiers\\nfor the U. S. during the Rebellion.\\nIt. F. Dobson, painter, East Saginaw, is a native of the Province\\nof Ontario. Canada, and in 1856 located at Detroit, Mich., where\\nhe lived one year. In 1S59 he came to East Saginaw, where he\\nlearned his trade. In 1863 lie enlisted in Co. C, 7th Reg.\\nMich. Yol. Inf., serving one year in behalf of his adopted country.\\nHis brother, Charles F., was killed in the light before Richmond, Ya.\\nMr. Dobson employs about 10 men, and enjoys a very good pat-\\nronage in both the Saginaws.\\nEugene E. Draper, proprietor of the Oriental Restaurant. These\\nmagnificent parlors were opened Feb. 22, 1881, at a cost of $6,000.\\nThe establishment consists substantially of a central entrance lead-\\ning to the reception room in the rear, while on each side is a large\\nroom used respectively for a sample room and dining-hall. These\\ntwo rooms are nicely fitted up in the latest style, and are con-\\nducted in a first-class manner. The reception room is a model of\\nneatness and beauty. A fine Brussels carpet covers the floor, and\\nthe ceiling and walls are decorated in a most handsome manner;\\nFor the convenience of guests there are six private apartments set\\noff from the main room, which are also nicely arranged. In the\\nmain entrance is a stairway, leading to the second floor. This\\ndepartment is divided off into two large parlors, elegantly fur-\\nnished, winch occupy the front of the building, while the balance\\nis set off into eight sleeping apartments. The whole building is\\nfitted up and furnished in the best and latest style. This is cer-\\ntainly an honor to East Saginaw, as it is the finest restaurant in\\nthe State of Michigan, and cannot be excelled in Eastern cities.\\nMr. Draper, the proprietor, was born in Oakland county, this State,\\nJune 16. 1815. son of Calvin D. and Mary J. Draper. He came\\nwith his parents to Saginaw in 1854, and has made it his home\\nhere ever since. In 1878 he opened a restaurant on Cass street,\\nsouth of Genesee, and ran it until January. 1880, when he sold\\nout and opened in his present place of business.\\nC h\\\\ Eastman, dealer in white pine and hard-wood lumber,\\nEast Saginaw, was a former employe of the McGrathBros., from\\nwhom he gained a practical knowledge of the lumber trade that\\nmaterially aids him in his large purchases and sales. Mr. East-\\nman is located at No. 6, Buena Yista block.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0557.jp2"}, "556": {"fulltext": "554 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nHon. Edwin Eddy, of Eddy, Avery Eddy, lumber merchants,\\nwas born at Eddington, Penobscot Co., Me., Jan. IS, 1817. His\\nparents were Eleazer and Sylvia (Campbell) Eddy, natives of\\nMaine; father died in 1826 and mother in I860. When 17 years of\\nage Mr. Eddy went into the lumber camps, where he remained work-\\ning for others for four years. At the expiration of that time he\\nengaged in business for himself. In the fall of 1863 he came to\\nthe Saginaw Valley, locating at Saginaw City, and a year later at\\nEast Saginaw. Immediately after arrival, he purchased a fourth\\ninterest in the firm of Avery, Murphy Co. The firm finally be-\\ncame Eddy, Avery vfe Co., which was dissolved by the death of\\nNewell Avery in March, 1877, and the present firm of Eddy,\\nAvery Eddy established, Mr. Eddy owning a third interest. The\\nmill property and salt-blocks are located at Bay City, where the\\nfirm manufacture about 70,000 barrels of salt per year, and cut\\nnearly 21,000,000 feet of lumber. They own extensive tracts of\\npine land in Clare, Roscommon, Midland and other counties.\\nWhile a resident of Bradley, Me., Mr. Eddy was Secretary and\\nTreasurer of the town, and represented the district for three terms\\nin the Maine Legislature. He was formerly a Democrat, but joined\\nthe Free-Soil party, and when the Republican party was organized\\nenlisted with his political champion, Hannibal Hamlin, under its\\nbanner, where both have since remained. Mr. Eddy was married\\nin January, 1810, to Celia W. Eddy, a native of Maine. Of their\\n7 children, 4 are living Nancy M., wife of T. E. Dorr; Ellen\\nA., Selwyn, of the firm of Eddy Bros., Bay City, and Charles A.,\\na member of the firms of Avery Co., and Eddy Bros. George,\\nLucy and an infant are deceased.\\nJV. H. Ehlred, of Eldred Baker, carriage and wagon manu-\\nfacturers, East Saginaw, was born in Ohio. He came to this State\\nin 1859, and was here educated and partly learned his trade at the\\nSaginaws. He then went to Tuscola, Mich., where he remained\\nin business 10 years. He finally purchased an interest in the firm\\nof Baker Bros, at East Saginaw, where he has since been in business.\\nThe firm is doing a large business, and is one of the oldest houses\\nin the trade in the Saginaw Valley.\\nThomas Emery, contractor and builder, East Saginaw, was born\\nin Lapeer county, Mich., Oct. 8, 1850. His parents removed to\\nAnn Arbor when he was quite small. Here he received a thorough\\neducation, graduating in the engineer s course of the literary de-\\npartment of Michigan University in that city. He learned the car-\\npenter s trade prior to graduating, and in 1874 he came to East\\nSaginaw, where he has since resided, except one year which he\\nspent in Toledo, Ohio, and six months in Detroit, He was married\\nin 1S79 to Miss Carrie Atwater. From 1877 to 1879 he was a\\nmember of the School Board of East Saginaw.\\nGeorge Feige, manufacturer and dealer in fine furniture, is the\\nson of Ernest Feige, who was born near Hessen, Germany, in 1811.\\nIn 1847 he emigrated to America, locating at New York city,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0558.jp2"}, "557": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 555\\nwhere for a period of seven years he was employed in manufacturing\\nfurniture. In 1854 he came to Michigan, settling at East Saginaw,\\nand after investing in real estate and erecting substantial dwellings\\nthereon, turned his attention to the furniture business, in which he\\nled the trade for six years. In 1860 he turned over the business to\\nhis sons, George, Ernest and Henry. In 1870 Henry retired from\\nthe firm, and a year later George became sole proprietor. The large\\nbuilding occupied by Mr. Feige was built in 1S73, at a cost of $10,-\\n000. Mr. Feige employs 20 men, and his trade extends over many\\nStates of this Union.\\nJohn W. Fitzmaurice, of East Saginaw, the well-known Michigan\\ntemperance lecturer, was born on the island of Cape Breton, Gulf of\\nSt. Lawrence, May 25, 1833, and is the only son of Cseser Fitz-\\nmaurice, and a grandson of Lieut. Col. John Fitzmaurice, of II. B.\\nM. 1st Royals, and for a number of years Lieutenant Governor of\\nPrince Edward Island, also brother to Henry Fitzmaurice, Earl of\\nKerry in Ireland, and Marquis of Lawnsdowne in England, making\\nthe subject of this sketch a second cousin to the present Lord Lawns-\\ndowne. Mr. Fitzmaurice was brought up and educated in Niagara,\\nOntario. He prepared himself for the ministry, and came to\\nMichigan in 1865, and the following year was ordained a minister\\nof the gospel at Bedford, Calhoun county. He demitted the minis-\\ntry and came to Saginaw Valley in 1870, and became a journalist,\\nbeing associate editor of the Daily Courier in East Saginaw.\\nLater he became city editor of the Enterprise, and afterward edited\\nthe Daily Republican, also of East Saginaw.\\nIn the fall of 1876 he entered the lecture field as a temperance\\nspeaker, and continued to labor in this capacity for four years. As\\na temperance man he has been eminently successful; having re-\\nceived during that period, over 40,000 signatures to the temperance\\npledge. In 1878 he was nominated for Congress from the eighth\\ndistrict on the Prohibition ticket, butof course suffered defeat. He\\nwas called to Canada in 1880 to lecture on temperance, where he\\nspoke 46 nights in succession in Toronto, and 92 nights in Hamil-\\nton, receiving 6,000 signatures to the pledge. The name k Fitz-\\nmaurice is familiar throughout Michigan and Canada, and indeed\\nthe name ranks with the most noted temperance workers of\\nAmerica. He is now engaged in the real estate and general broker-\\nage business in East Saginaw.\\nEarnest C Foland, a leading boot and shoe dealer of South Sagi-\\nnaw, was born in Mount Clemens, Mich., Sept. 27, 1853. He\\nemigrated to Zilwaukee in the spring of 1870. In 1875 he removed\\nto West Bay City, and to Saginaw the following fall. He came to\\nSouth Saginaw in L876, where he has since been engaged in the\\nmanufacture of first-class boots and shoes. He was married in 73\\nr Miss Lizzie Gasmen, who died; and Dec. 25, 1878, he married\\nMiss Anna Calderwood, by whom he has 1 daughter, Minerva.\\nCharles Fuerstenau, of the firm of Fuerstenau Weaver, was\\nborn in Germany, Nov. 4, 1853. He came with his parents to", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0559.jp2"}, "558": {"fulltext": "556 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nDetroit in 1866, where he learned the upholstering trade with Will-\\niam Brown. In 1871 he came to East Saginaw and worked for\\nFeige Brothers. He remained with them over three years, when,\\nbusiness becoming a little slack, they stopped him for some time.\\nBeing of an enterprising nature, Mr. Fuerstenau could not remain\\nidle; lie therefore began work on a small scale at his own house,\\nexpecting to resume work for his employers when they desired;\\nbut they became offended at his proceedings, and dismissed him\\nfrom their employ. This, though a very trying moment to Mr.\\nFuerstenau, is the event of his life which can be pointed to as the\\nbeginning of the era of his wonderful success as a business man. In\\nMarch, 1877,he established a small shop with about $500 capital, and\\nhad he not possessed an unusual amount of energy he would have\\ngone under. But he worked hard, mentally and physically, for over\\ntwo years, and was prospered. He then took a partner, Mr. Julius\\nGuenther, who added $500 to the capital stock. Mr. Fuerstenau\\nbought his partner s interests in 1880, paying him $2,200. He then\\ntook James A. Weaver as a partner, who added $6,000 to the\\ncapital stock, Mr. Fuerstenau putting in the same amount. They\\nhave since that time greatly increased their stock, until they oc-\\ncupy 10 large store rooms, on the corner of Genesee avenue and\\nJefferson street. To better give an idea of the extent of the busi-\\nness we give the following: From September, 1880, to June 15,\\n1881, their sales amounted to over $70,000. Mr. Fuerstenau was\\nmarried, Oct. 31, 1876, to Miss Minnie Grethe, by whom he\\nhas had 3 children; of these 2 are living, Minnie and Jen-\\nnie.\\nGage Bros., dealers in hot-air furnaces and manufacturers of\\ncopper, sheet and tin work for steamboats, mills, etc., Union\\nblock, S. Water street, East Saginaw. This firm was established\\nby George and Thomas Gage in 1879, and at present secures a\\nlarge portion of the ever-increasing trade of Saginaw county.\\nThe brothers are skillful mechanics, having learned their trade\\nin Detroit, and do a large business in steam fitting, which\\nforms an important branch of their business.\\nChauncey H. Gage, attorney at law, and Circuit Judge elect\\nof the 10th Judicial District of Michigan, was born at Detroit,\\nMich., June 17, 1840. His parents were Morgan L. and Amy\\n(Coffeen) Gage, natives of New York. When Mr. Gage was nine\\nyears of age his father removed to Saginaw City, and three years\\nlater to East Saginaw. When 16 years of age he entered the\\nemploy of S. W. Yawkey Co., lumber merchants, remaining\\nwith them and their successors, C. Moulthrop Co., two shipping\\nseasons. In the winter of 1857 he was elected Enrolling Clerk\\nof the State Senate, holding that position during the session of\\n1857 and the extra session the following winter. He commenced\\nthe study of law with Webber Wheeler, in 1858, remaining\\nwith the firm until Jan. 1, 1863. He was admitted to the bar\\nof this State, Sept. 19, 1861, and to practice in the IT. S. Courts", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0560.jp2"}, "559": {"fulltext": "(ITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 557\\nJuly 2, 1867. In 1S62, was elected Prosecuting Attorney of\\nthis county, and held that office four years. He was a member of\\nthe East Saginaw School Board in 1864; President of the Young\\nMen s Association in 1866; City Recorder in 1871- 2, and City\\nAttorney in 1878. In the fall of 1880 Mr. Gage was a candidate\\nfor Circuit Judge, on a non-partisan ticket, and supported by a\\nmajority of the bar of the county and the Democratic and Green-\\nback conventions. He was elected for a term of six years Jan. 1,\\n1882, to Jan. 1, 1888. He was married in September,1864, to Mildred,\\ndaughter of Martin and Eunice A. (Lilly) Smith, who was born\\nin Ohio in April, 1842. One child was given them, Maurice\\nS., born July 4, 1865. Mrs. Gage died in March, 1866, and Mr.\\nG. was again married, July* 10, 1875, to Isabel, daughter of George\\nW. and Sophia E. (Lee) Peck, who was born in Livingston Co.,\\nMich., April 20, 1852. They have 1 child, Lewis P., born in\\nFebruary, 1881.\\nMorgan L. G (ge, deceased pioneer of East Saginaw, was born\\nat Troy, N. Y., in 1807. He removed with his father to Detroit\\nin 1SL9, and there grew into manhood, and by his industry, in-\\ntegrity and active energy, soon won the confidence of his fellow\\ncitizens. He was a member of the Brady Guards, and was Captain\\nof the volunteer company from Detroit, raised by the Brady Guards\\nto go into the Mexican war in 1847. He removed to Saginaw\\nCity in 1849, and in 1852 located at East Saginaw, where he labored\\nunselfishly, zealously and actively in promoting her prosperity until\\nhis death. He held several official positions in the city, and at\\nthe opening of the war raised and commanded Co. A, of the 14th\\nReg. Mich. Vol. Inf., and was on duty at the front for nearly one\\nyear. This service made inroads upon his vigor and health from\\nwhich he never fully recovered. In 1857, Capt. Gage and Norman\\nLittle, with others, secured the appropriation of the lands for the\\nconstruction of that road to be granted by the Legislature to the\\nF. P. M. P. R. Co., and East Saginaw, to be named as a point on\\nthe road. He did very much to induce the construction of the\\nplank roads to Vassar, St. Louis and Watrousville, and as State\\nRoad Commissioner superintended the construction of the State road\\nfrom Saginaw to An Sable. Mr. G. was united in marriage in\\nJuly, 1838, with Miss Amy Coffeen, who is now residing at East\\nSairinaw.\\nThe marked characteristics of his life were self-reliance, industry,\\nunbending integrity, a high sense of honorable dealing in public\\nand private lite, and devotion to his family. He died April 4, 1876,\\nleaving a wife and 7 children.\\nJacob L. Geir, manufacturer of candies, Hovey block, Wash-\\nington ave.. East Saginaw, was born at Kingston, Canada, Jan.\\n7, 1849. He is the second son of George and Margaret M. (Keller)\\nGeir. When 18 years of age he learned the carpenter s trade, and\\nworked at it three years at Rochester, N. Y. and five years at the\\nconfectionery business. In 1874 Mr. Geir opened a confectionery", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0561.jp2"}, "560": {"fulltext": "558 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nestablishment at No. 20 Monroe ave., Rochester, N. Y. where he\\nremained until April, 1881. On the 9th day of that month he came\\nto East Saginaw, and has since been engaged in manufacturing\\ncandy, turning out at present from 150 to 200 barrels per day, and\\nbusiness still increasing. He was married at Rochester, N.\\nY., July 28, 1869, to Mary C, daughter of John and Harriet\\n(Jordan) Noves. They have 1 child George L., born March 25,\\n1876.\\nEdward Germain was born in Buffalo, New York, Oct. 30,\\n1817, and is a son of Edward Germain, sr., who was born in Que-\\nbec in the year 1793 and is now residing in East Saginaw. Our\\nsubject came to Detroit in 1856, and to East Saginaw in 1863. He\\nfirst worked in TenEyck s stave factory, and thus worked at the\\ncarpenter s trade tor three shillings a day for some-time. He worked\\nat the builder s trade until 187-1, when he erected his planing mill,\\nof which we will speak at further length elsewhere in this work.\\nHe was married June 9, 1870, to Miss Emma Taylor, daughter of\\nAlonzo Taylor.\\nH. E. Good, chief engineer water-works, was born May 25,\\n1834, at Newfane, Niagara Co., N. Y. son of James and Elizabeth\\n(Hold) Good. His mother died in 1814 and his father about 1856,\\nat Newfane. He was partly brought up on a farnij and at the age\\nof 16 began to learn the machinist s trade. In 1852 he came to\\nMichigan, and went to Bay City for a short time, also in Genesee\\ncounty, and came to Saginaw in 1853. He remained but a year\\nand a half when he went to Illinois, and ran an engine two years on\\nthe Chicago Rock Island railroad. In 1856 he went to St. Louis,\\nwhere he finished learning his trade in the machine shops. In 1858\\nhe took an engine to Jersey Co., 111., and put it up in a grist-mill,\\nrunning the engine one year. He returned to Saginaw and put an\\nengine up for Champlin Penny, and in 1861 entered the shops\\nof Weeks Bros.; remained with them until 1873, running an\\nengine summers and working in the shops winters. For two\\nyears of this time he was at East Tawas for the same company.\\nIn December, 1874, he entered the water works and has been chief\\nengineer of this institution ever since, having the general manag-\\ning of the entire works. Mr. Good was married Oct. 3, 1S60,\\nto Matilda Richardson, who died in 1879, leaving 2 children, a\\nson and daughter. He was married again Jan. 19, 1871, to Phoebe\\nCrane, and they have 2 daughters. One child, Lula, was mar-\\nried to A. T. Blackmer, while the rest of the children are living at\\nhome.\\nMarion Goodale, of the firm of Smith Goodale, proprietors\\nCentral mills, East Saginaw, was born near Geneva, N. Y., June\\n22, 1848, and is of English ancestry. When two years of age he\\naccompanied his parents to Washington Co., Wis., where he re-\\nmained five years. They then removed to Delhi Mills, Washtenaw\\nCo., Mich., where Mr. G. subsequently engaged in the milling\\nbusiness, in connection with Mr. Goodale Henley. In 1879 he", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0562.jp2"}, "561": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAAV. 559\\ncame to East Saginaw, and in partnership with Charles II. Smith,\\nrented the old brewery, converting it into a fine mill, well stocked\\nwith the latest and improved mill machinery. Mr. Goodale was\\nmarried at Ann Arbor, Mich., July 10, 1S7G, to Kate, daughter of\\nBarney B. Harkins, of Ann Arbor.\\nC. W. Grant, Secretary of the East Saginaw Board of Trade,\\nwas born in Chenango Co., N. Y., March 15, 1818. His parents\\nwere Charles and Margaret (Hines) Grant; father is now a resident\\nof Clinton Co., Mich., mother died in New York, in 1825. Mr.\\nGrant was reared at Perry, Genesee Co., N. Y., where he received\\nhis educational advantages. He came to Michigan in 1839, locat-\\ning at Portland, Ionia Co., Mich., where he owned and operated a\\nsaw and grist mill, one of the first in the count} 7 In the spring of\\n1840, he went to Flushing, Genesee Co., and started the first circu-\\nlar saw in operation in that county, in Charles Seymour s mill.\\nThat same year he went to Flint, where he remained until 1849.\\nIn the latter year he came to East Saginaw in a boat on the Flint\\nand Saginaw rivers, and placed a circular saw in Emerson El-\\ndridge s saw-mill, the first saw of the kind on the Saginaw river. In\\nthe spring of 1850, he entered into partnership with A. M. Hoyt,\\nand the firm built the old blue mill, and the first frame house at\\nEast Saginaw. This mill sawed the lumber for the northern divi-\\nsion of the Saginaw and Genesee plank road, and was afterward\\npurchased by Mr. Hoj t. Mr. Grant subsequently bought a saw-\\nmill at Lower Saginaw, which was destroyed by fire in 1860. In\\n1865 he purchased an interest in the Chicago mill, known as Grant\\nSavior s mill. In the panic of 1875, he was forced to go into\\nbankruptcy, giving up all his property. In January, 1880, he\\nbought the Callam mill, at Carrollton, and it is now operated under\\nthe firm name of C. L. Grant Co. In 1855 Mr. Grant was\\nelected Sheriff of Saginaw county, holding that position for four\\nyears. He was Deputy U. S. Marshal from 1856 to 186( and in\\n1876, was elected Secretary of the East Saginaw Board of Trade,\\nwhich position he still occupies. He is also Deputy U. S. Collector\\nof Customs for this district. Mr. Grant was married in Genesee\\nCo., Mich., in the autumn of 1861, to Electa Curtis, a native of\\nOnondaga Co., N. Y.\\nRobert Granville, manufacturer of boots and shoes, on Potter\\nstreet, East Saginaw, was born in Devonshire, Eng., March 19,\\n1832, and is a son of John and Grace (Nicholsson) Granville. When\\n14 years of age he was apprenticed to the boot and shoe trade, where\\nhe remained six years, For several years he worked as a journey-\\nman in England, Canada and the United States. He finally located\\nin Perth Co., Can., where he owned a country store, and did\\nrepairing in connection with his business. After eight years, he\\nremoved to East Saginaw, and has since been engaged at his trade,\\nlie was married in Perth Co.. Can., July 19, 1860, to Martha A.,\\ndaughter of James and Grace (Giddy) Smale, who was born Aug. 5,\\n1838. They have 6 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John J., Mary J., William II., Nora", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0563.jp2"}, "562": {"fulltext": "560 IIISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY\\nG., Amy and an infant. Mrs. Granville is a member of the M. E.\\nChurch.\\nW. B. Gress, manufacturer and dealer in boots and shoes, cor.\\nGenesee and Washington streets, East Saginaw, established his\\npresent business in 1869, and has labored energetically and faith-\\nfully to attain the higli place he now holds among those in the\\nsame business. Mr. Gress employs several skilled workmen, and\\nturns out an admirable quality of foot wear. In 1862 Mr. Gress\\nwas among those who were called out by the State of Minnesota to\\nsuppress the terrible Indian massacre.\\nJ. L. Hall, proprietor sale and boarding stable, East Saginaw, is\\na native of Kentucky, and came to Michigan in 1879. He was em-\\nployed by Jake Selegman as a salesman in his sale stable for some\\ntime, but established his present business in 1881. He occupies a\\nbuilding 40 x 160 feet in size, and three-stories high, in which he\\nbuys and sells the best breeds of horses, and also buggies and har-\\nness.\\nJ. J. Harvey, proprietor livery stable and carriage repository,\\nEast Saginaw, was born in New York, June 29, 1839, and in 1865,\\ncame to Michigan. In 1861, he enlisted in the 26th N. Y. Vol. Inf.,\\nand served two years for the honor of the Union. He re enlisted\\nin the 188th Reg. N. Y. Yol. Inf., and served till the close of the\\nwar; was made 2d. Lieut., and had Captain s commission sent him,\\nbut never received it. His present stable was built in 1878- 9, at a\\ncost of $10,000, the site also costing $6,000, and it is considered\\none of the best stables of the kind in Michigan.\\nP. P. Heller, one of East Saginaw s business men, was born at\\nRenfelts, Germany, in 1819. In 1863 he came to the United\\nStates, locating in Philadelphia, where he remained until the year\\n1868, when he moved to East Saginaw, where he engaged in differ-\\nent pursuits up to 1876. He then opened a general grocery, flour\\nand feed store, at the southeast corner of Lapeer and 6th streets.\\nIn 1871 he was married to Miss Mary Kreith, who died in 1876,\\nleaving one child, Adolph G. Mr. H. is one of your live, thorough-\\ngoing men, taking an active part in the political arena.\\nJohn Henning db Son, proprietors of general grocery, flour and\\nfeed store, near the corner of oth and Fitzhugh streets, represent one\\nof the principal houses in that portion of the city. John Henning\\nwas born at Mecklenburg, Germany, in 1822. In 1848 he emi-\\ngrated to this country, coming direct to East Saginaw; was engaged\\nin various pursuits until 1867, when he purchased his present prop-\\nerty and permanently located in business; was married in Germany,\\nto Miss Lena ISTeorvman, by whom he has had 7 children, namely:\\nFred, who is married and resides in Kansas City, Mo.; Christian,\\nwho married Miss Christina Dettmer, of Tawas City; John, mar-\\nried, and is a captain of one of the boats plying on the river; Henry,\\nat home; Minnie, who is married and is living in East Saginaw;\\nher husband is one of the leading contractors of the place; Charles,\\nat home, interested in store and member of Workingmen s Associ-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0564.jp2"}, "563": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW 561\\nation; Emma and Herman. Christian, in 1880, was elected Coun-\\ncilman of his ward upon the Republican ticket; also Treasurer of\\nthe Workingmen s Association. These different gifts of trust placed\\nupon him by his fellow citizens truly show him to be one of Sagi-\\nnaw s most trusted citizens.\\nChristopher Holzheimer, first son of Godfrey and Albina Holz-\\nheimer, was born near Berlin, Germany, Oct. 5, 1841. When\\ntwo and a half years old, he accompanied his parents to Niagara\\nCo., N. Y., where they engaged in farming until 1865, when they\\nremoved to Lisbon, Ottawa Co., near Grand Rapids, Mich. On\\nApril 16, 1861, Mr. II. enlisted in Co. C, 28th Reg. N. Y. Vol.\\nInf., under Capt. Mapes, and was discharged; re-enlisted in the\\nl .I X. Y. Mounted Rifles, Sept. 16, 1863, and was discharged at\\nPetersburg, Va., Aug. 10, 1865. Mr. Holzheimer has been twice\\nmarried. At East Saginaw, Aug. 1, 1876, he married Louisa Kil-\\nlinger, who was born on Water st., East Saginaw, April 13, 1853.\\nShe bore him 2 children Frank and William. He has 3\\nchildren by his second wife.\\nRoswell G. Horr, Representative to Congress from the Eighth\\nDistrict of Michigan; residence, East Saginaw; was born at Waits-\\nfield, Vt., Nov. 26, 1830. He is a son of Roswell and Caroline ^y\\n(Turner) Hon-, natives of Vermont. When four years of age he/\\naccompanied his parents to Lorain Co., Ohio, where his father\\ndied April 25, 1841. Here R. G. passed his early life, assisting\\nhis mother on the farm in the summer seasons, and attending dis-\\ntrict schools in the winter, until he arrived at early manhood.\\nFeeling the need of a good education, he resolved to secure one,\\nalthough his widowed mother s financial condition was such as\\nwould not admit of any outlay for her son s advancement. He\\nentered Oberlin College, where he spent two years in the prepar-\\natory course and two years in that college, and at the expiration\\nof this time entered Antioch College, one of the noblest educa-\\ntional institutions of the Buckeye State. He fought his own way\\nthrough college, paying for his tuition and books by money earned\\nduring odd hours and vacations. He had for his instructor Horace\\n.Mann, and graduated with high honors in the first class of 1857.\\nThe fall after his graduation he was elected Clerk of the Court of\\nCommon Pleas, of Lorain Co., Ohio, and re-elected in 1860.\\nDuring this time, he was engaged in studying law, and at the close\\nof his six years clerkship, was admitted to the bar. He immedi-\\nately opened an office for practice at Elyria, Lorain Co., in connec-\\ntion with John C. Hale, now Judge of Common Pleas Court, of\\nLorain county, where he remained two years. In the spring of\\n1S60 he removed to Southeastern Missouri, where he was engaged\\nin lead mining, near Potosi, for six years. In the spring of 1872,\\nhe removed to East Saginaw, and was formerly engaged in bank-\\ning, and the manufacture of lumber. He was nominated for Con-\\ngress in 1878, by the Republican party, and the following\\nNovember received 11,993 votes against 9,571 votes for B. M.\\nThompson, Democrat, and 8,500 votes for H. II. Hoyt, Green-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0565.jp2"}, "564": {"fulltext": "652 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nbacker. While he was a member of the 46th Congress, he served\\non the Committee on Manufacturers, also on that on Claims. In\\nthe fall of 18S0, he was re-nominated for the same position, and\\nagain triumphantly re-elected the following November. Mr. Horr s\\nelection was contested by very active and bitter opposition each\\ntime. It is generally, conceded that he secured both elections by\\nhis persona] effort and power as an organizer and public speaker.\\nDuring his services in Congress, he has made several speeches,\\nsome of which attracted wide attention, and were circulated very\\nextensiYely as campaign documents. Since 1878 he has been ac-\\ntively engaged in stump speaking 1 in several States of the Union,\\nbut principally in Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachu-\\nsetts and Ohio. During the exciting contest in the fall of 1880,\\nhe opened the Michigan campaign at Detroit, to one of the largest\\npolitical audiences ever convened in that city. Roswell G. Hon-\\nis an able ad\\\\ T ocate of the principles of the Republican party; as\\na public speaker, he ranks second to none in Michigan; as a sup-\\nporter of the best interests of his constituents and the country at\\nlarge, his fame has been sounded throughout the Union. He is\\nthorough and methodical in his business; kind and generous to the\\nrich and poor alike, and a man well respected by the whole com-\\nmunity and the citizens of this State. He was married April 11,\\n1858, to Carrie M. Pinney, a native of Ohio. Four children have\\nbeen given to bless this happy union, all of whom reside at home\\nFrank H., Flora M., Carrie B. and Rollin A.\\nJohn Howa/rd, of the firm of J. W. Cook Co., was born in\\nJefferson county, N. Y., Feb. 17, 1815, and is a son of Alfonzo\\nHoward, a native of Massachusetts. At the tender age of nine years\\nMr. Howard became a boatman on the Erie canal. He ran on the\\nErie and Welland canals for about four years, when he ventured\\nout on the Atlantic ocean, and remained a sailor on the ocean and\\nlakes until 1862, when became to East Saginaw. A part of the\\nfirst two summers he also spent on the lakes. He remained in the\\nemploy of the Tittabawassee Boom Company for 13 years, and then\\nspent two more seasons upon the lakes. He was married in 1866\\nto Miss Lydia M. Sawtell, by whom he has three children Min-\\nnie, Alice and Lizzie. Mr. Howard is now serving his second\\nterm as Alderman of the 7th ward, East Saginaw.\\nDr. Theron T. Hubbard, of South Saginaw, was born in Oneida\\nCo., N. Y., Mar. 12, 1831. He graduated from the Mexico Col-\\nlege of New York in 1851, and from the Medical College at Syra-\\ncuse in 1855. He came to South Saginaw in 1862, and engaged in\\nthe practice of medicine. From 1863 to 1865 he was Surgeon of\\nthe 23d Michigan Infantry U. S. A. In 1878 he went to the Black\\nHills, where he operated in mining and practiced medicine until\\n1881, when he returned to South Saginaw and established a drug\\nstore with his old partner, Mr. Nicholas A. Randall.\\nSeth G. Huckins, attorn ey-at-1 aw, was born at Calais, Me., July\\n21, 1811, and is a son of Daniel N. and Esther S. (Low) Iluckins.\\nSeth was reared at Calais, and received his education in the Wash-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0566.jp2"}, "565": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 56 5\\nington Academy, at East Machias, .Me. He read law one year in\\nhis native State, and in 186t located in this city. He was a Law\\nstudent with D. W. C. Grage and H. II. Hoyt, and was admitted\\nto the bar in March, l s 7 He taught school in Maine for several\\nyears, but since his residence here has been engaged in his profes-\\nsion. In April. 1880, he was elected Justice of the Peace for four\\nyear-. Mr. I luckins was married March 3, 1870, to Alice 1ST. Kings-\\nbury of Ohio. They have one child, Seth CI., Jr., born Oct. 9, 1877.\\nMr. 1 luckins is a Mason, and his wife is a member of the Congre-\\ngational Church. Mr. IT. suffered a severe stroke of paralysis in\\nthe fall of 1877, which has almost deprived him of the use of his\\nlower limbs.\\nT. J. JETatswell, master mechanic F. P. M. R. R., East Sagi-\\nnaw, is a native of England. At the age of 10 years he became a\\nresident of Northern Michigan and later of Ohio, where he was\\nemployed as an engineer and machinist on the M. S. R. R. for\\n20 years. He was also employed on the Chicago West\\nMichigan R. R., as master mechanic. He was foreman of the F.\\nP. M. shops until promoted to his present position.\\nJohn Ingledew was born on the Atlantic ocean in 1826, as his\\nparents were on their way to America. They both died before\\nreaching the American side, and lie, a helpless infant, was taken\\nby a Mrs. Hutton, an aunt of his, to Buffalo, New York. Thisladv\\nraised him until 14 yearsold, when he entered into the world alone.\\nto battle for himself. At the age of 16 he came to Marine City,\\nMich., where he worked in the saw-mill of David Rust. He re-\\nmained with the Rusts for 25 years, except the year of 1S69, which\\nlie spent in California. lie came to East Saginaw in 1856. For\\nthe past four years he has been engaged in lumbering and getting\\nout ship timber. He was married May 10, 18-16, at China, St.\\nClair Co., Mich, j to Miss Maria McLellan, by whom he has three\\nchildren Eliza A. (Youmans), Thalia E. (Sterling) and Arthur.\\nJacob Inglehart, foreman at Rust s mill, was born in the town\\nof Lyons, New York. May 8, 1835, and is a son of Jacob Ingle-\\nhart, a native of Seneca Falls, N. Y. Our subject came with his\\nparents to Akron, Ohio, in 1843, and to Oakland Co., Mich, in\\n1847. In 1852 he came to East Saginaw, when there was but one\\npainted house in the city. His first work was that of assistant\\nengineer in Johnson s mill at Zilwaukee. The property now be-\\nlongs to Rust, Eaton Co. He has been connected with lumber-\\ning for the most part ever since. He began to saw for this firm in\\n1866, and in 1869 became foreman, which position he still holds.\\nHe was married Dec. 25, 1857, to Miss Eliza Sawtell, by whom he\\nhas had 4 children, 2 living Jesse and Delia. His first wife\\ndied, and he again married, Jan. 2, 1879, this time Miss Bridget\\nMcMahon they have 1 child Nellie S.\\nGeorge H. Irving, proprietor coupe line, East Saginaw, was born\\nat Detroit, Mich., in 1841. In his youth Mr. Irving followed the\\nlakes, and during a period of several years was master of manv fine\\n34", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0567.jp2"}, "566": {"fulltext": "564 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nvessels and tugs. On May 24, 1879, Mr. Irving established his\\ncoupe line at East Saginaw, and his business has increased so fast\\nas to almost monopolize the entire carriage hire and baggage trade\\nof the city. He has over $8,000 invested in this business, one\\ncoupe alone costing over $900.\\nDr. E. R. Knapp, homeopathic physician and surgeon, South\\nSaginaw, was born in Danby, N. Y., Feb. 7, 1834. lie received\\nhis literary education in his native town, and graduated in medi-\\ncine from the Michigan University in 1856. He came to South\\nSaginaw in 1864, and has practiced in the homeopathic system of\\nmedicine ever since, and has built up a good practice.\\nF. J. Knapp, manufacturer of wagons, carts, sleighs and lum-\\nberman s tools, East Saginaw, was born in Hillsdale Co., Mich.,\\nDec. 27, 1853, and received his preliminary education in the public\\nschools. He graduated from the State Normal school, at Ypsi-\\nlanti, in the class of 1878, and has since been engaged in business.\\nHe bought out C. A. Dolliver, and then formed a partnership with\\nW. S. Houghton, under firm name of W. S. Houghton Co.,\\nMarch 5, 1881, and in a short space of time the firm was dissolved;\\nhe has since succeeded in building up a large and remunerative\\ntrade. Mr. Knapp has latel} T purchased the buildings formerly\\nowned by C. A. Dolliver, and has thereby the facilities for his\\nbusiness.\\nRev. H. D. Kraeling, Pastor of the German Lutheran. St. Paul s\\nChurch, East Saginaw, was born in Prussia, Nov. 17, 1853. His\\nliterary education was obtained in Marburg, from whence he gradu-\\nated in 1870. And in 1874 he graduated from the Theological\\ncollege at Neuendettelsau, in Bavaria. He emigrated to America\\nin the fall of 1874, locating in Romeo, Mich., where he remained\\nfor eight months, preaching and teaching music and languages. In\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0July. 1875, he came to East Saginaw, and established the Church\\nof which he is still Pastor, an account of which is given elsewhere\\nin this work. Mr. Kraeling was married Dec. 10, 1877, to Miss\\nEmma Schevenk, a leading soprano singer of East Saginaw. She\\ndied July 4, 1879; and on the 11th of May, 1881, Mr. Kraeling\\nmarried Miss Maria Berkemeier, daughter of Rev. William Berke-\\nmeier, of New York city, and the founder of the German Emigrant\\nHouse in that place. This philanthropic man erected the above\\nnamed hotel and donated it to the Church in New York city.\\nCharles Lee, proprietor Lee s planing mill, East Saginaw, was\\nborn in Yorkshire, En\u00c2\u00a3., Dec. 23, 1811. His father, Charles\\nLee, was a merchant, and his mother was ^i French descent. At\\nthe age of 16 years he learned the tailor s trade, and was afterward\\nengaged in farming. In 1830 he accompanied his brother to\\nAmerica, and first worked for Judge Livingston, on a farm near\\nLisbon*, N. Y., and subsequently in a brewery at Ogdensburg, same\\nState. In 1832 he located on the present site of Grosse Point,\\nMich., and in connection with his brother, built a wind saw-mill,\\nseven stories in height; the mill was afterward run by steam. In", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0568.jp2"}, "567": {"fulltext": "I in OF EAST SAGINAW 505\\n1841 Mr. Lee began the manufacture of brick, near Detroit, and\\nworked at that business for 21 years. He owned 300 acres of land\\nat Leeville, Mich. He then removed to East Saginaw, and with\\nMaxwell Fisher, bought two saw-mills and 300 acres of pine land, at\\na cost of $40,000. Two years later Mr. Lee purchased his partner s\\ninterest, for which he gave $22,000. Mr. Lee was Treasurer of\\nAntrim. Wayne Co., Mich., in 1854, and was once the Whig\\ncandidate for State Senator, but suffered defeat. He has always\\ntaken an active interest in all local enterprises; owns the Academy\\nof Music, large city property, and is a stockholder and director in\\nthe East Saginaw Savings Bank. He cast his first vote in 1832,\\nfor Andrew Jackson, and was subsequently a Whig, and now a\\nstrong Republican. He joined the I. O. O. F., in 1870. Mr. Lee\\nwas married in 1835, to Elizabeth Hoof, who bore him 8 chil-\\ndren, 3 of whom survive. Mrs. L. died in November, 1847,\\nand he was again married, June 15, 1848, to Jennie Sterrett, who\\ndeparted this life Dec. 15, 1850. leaving 2 children. He married\\nhis present wife, Charlotte Bye. daughter of James Bye, of England,\\nAug. 1, 1851. Of their 10 children, 6 are living.\\nMark B. Liddell, druggist, East Saginaw, w r as born at Omadi,\\nNeb., 112 miles north of Omaha, on Mission river, Aug. 11, 1857.\\nHis parents are Mark J. and Anna M. (Madden) Liddell, father\\nborn in Erie county. Pa., Oct. 15, 1826, of Scotch ancestry, and\\nmother born at Erie, Pa., Oct. 18, 1831. Mark attended school at\\nSt. Johns, Clinton Co., and Laingsburg, Shiawassee Co., Mich.,\\nuntil 16 years of age, and then engaged in the drug business with\\nseveral firms in Saginaw City and East Saginaw. He started in\\nbusiness for himself at East Saginaw, and after three months,\\nadmitted Mr. Jones as full partner. On Nov. 5, 1878, Mr. L.\\npurchased his partner s interest, and has since been alone. He was\\nmarried Oct. 22, 1879, to Lida, daughter of Sidney H. and Anna\\n(Stevens) Manzer, who was born in Shiawassee Co, Mich..\\nApril 6, 1858. They have 1 child, Sidney M., born Jan. 11,1881.\\nMrs. Liddell is a member of the Congregational Church. Mr. L.\\nowns a lot on corner of Second and Astor streets, valued at $800.\\nHis drug stock is valued at $2,500.\\nAaron Linton was born in New Brunswick, Feb. 17, 1830. and is\\na son of Joseph W. Linton, also a native of that province. Mr.\\nLinton came with his parents to Buffalo, N. Y., in 1848. In the\\nfall of 1851 he came to St. Clair, Michigan, where he cast his first\\nvote,which was for the Maine Liquor Law. For live years he acted\\nas head sawyer for different firms in St. Clair. Then, in 1856, he\\nwent to the Canada side, and kept a grocery for a few months, and\\nin 1858 he came to Saginaw, where he remained about 15 months,\\nwhen he purchased some land of Norman Miller, on the present\\nsite of South Saginaw, and erected the second (except the farm house)\\nhouse in South Saginaw. This was in 1859. He was foreman in\\ndifferent mills here for some time; and in 1871 he erected a mill\\nat Farwell, Clark Co., Mich., which was burned in 1873. He then", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0569.jp2"}, "568": {"fulltext": "566 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nsold his property, and purchased, in company with L. D. Frost, the\\nold Union planing mill of Burnham Still, in South Saginaw.\\nHe ran this until 1879, and it burned. The same year he erected\\nthe present large planing mill in South Saginaw, and took his sons,\\nWilliam S. and Chas. E., as partners, the latter selling out to his\\nfather in May, 1881. He was married Oct. 13, 1852, to Miss Sarah\\nMcDonald, by whom he has 2 children William S. and Charles E.\\nMr. Linton has acceptably filled the office of Town Clerk, and\\nJustice of the Peace, in South Saginaw. He was also the first Post-\\nmaster of South Saginaw.\\nAlbert J. Linton, foreman in Gebhart Estabrook s mill, was\\nborn in the Province of New Brunswick, Nov. 3, 1847, and is a\\nbrother of Aaron Linton, of whom we shall make further mention\\nelsewhere in this work. His parents removed with their family to\\nBuffalo, N. Y., in 1848, and to St. Clair, Mich., in 1853.\\nIn 1863 they removed to Northville. Mich. Although quite\\nyoung, Mr. Linton was a soldier in the late war. He served seven\\nmonths in Co. C, 30th Mich. Yol. Infantry. He came to Saginaw\\nin 1867, and began working in the same mill (or the old one on\\nsame ground) that he is now in, as slab cutter. The mill was\\nthen owned by Curtis Corning, for whom he became foreman in\\n1870. He w r as married Jan. 1, 1873, to Miss Ella L. Beach,\\ndaughter of Russell Beach, of Chesaning, formerly of Saginaw.\\nAlfred L) verm ore, proprietor grocery and meat market, Potter\\nst., East Saginaw, was born Jan. 23, 1848. He is a son of Seymour\\nandLydia (Barrett) Livermore, father born in New York, in 1819,\\nand settled in Bay county, Mich., in 1852, and at East Saginaw in\\n1853; mother was born in Pennsylvania in 1822. Alfred learned\\nthe carpenter s trade, and in 1864, when 16 years of age, enlisted at\\nFlint, Mich., in Co. E, 7th Mich. Caw, under Capt. McCormick,\\nserving during the war. He subsequently served one year with\\nGen. Custer, against the Indians. He then worked with his father\\nseveral years, and was in business himself at East Saginaw two\\nyears. The panic of 1873 forced him to give up all, and he went to\\nwork in Moore s meat market. He now owns a neat little grocery\\nnear the F. P. M. freight depot, where he does a good business.\\nHeAvas married July 3, 1870, to Salina Robinson, who was born\\nnear Grand Rapids, Mich., in 1852. They have 4 children Alfred\\nS., born April 7, 1871; Arthur M., born Aug. 20, 1874; Clara M.,\\nborn Nov. IS, 1878, and Mabel A., born Nov. 9, 1879. Mr. Liver-\\nmure is connected with the A. O. U. W.\\nWilliam J. Loveland, attorney at law, was born at Norwich,\\nWindsor Co., Yt., Nov. 11, 1823. His parents were William and\\nSarah (Hutchinson) Loveland; father died in 1862, aged 76 years:\\nmother died Jan. 17, 1S77. William was reared on a farm that at\\nthe present time has been in the possession of the Hutchinson family\\nfor 100 years. He received his education at Dartmouth College,\\nfrom which he graduated in 1S48. He commenced the study of law\\nin the fall of that year, and was admitted to the bar in 1851. In", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0570.jp2"}, "569": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 567\\nthe autumn of 1852, he went to Sanilac Co., Mich., and after one\\nyear, to Bay City. On Feb. 24, 1854, he settled in Tuscola Co.,\\nMich., and exactly two years after located at East Saginaw. He\\nonce served as Circuit Court Commissioner, and from 1867 to 1S75\\nwas I )epnty Assistant Assessor and Collector of U. S. Internal\\nRevenue, of the Saginaw district. Mr. Loveland was married in\\n1867 to Susan M. Briggs, a native of Middleboro, Mass., and a\\nlineal descendant of Miles Standish. Mr. L. is connected with the\\nI. O. O. F. fraternity.\\nHerman Mann was born in Canada in 1S43, came to Saginaw\\ncounty in 1859; in 1864 enlisted in the 29th Mich. Inf., which con-\\nstituted a portion of the 20th corps, commanded by the well-known\\nGen. Pap Thomas; participated in the different engagements\\nthat transpired in and about Nashville the memorable fall and\\nwinter of 1864; was discharged September, 1865, after which he\\nreturned to Saginaw, engaged in milling business for some time,\\nwhen he assumed business for himself on Genesee street. Resi-\\ndence, Carroll street.\\nMartin Marshall, agent at East Saginaw, of Branch, Crooks\\nCo. s celebrated saws, is a native of Sheffield, Eng., where in\\nhis youth he served a long apprenticeship in the superior mechani-\\ncal industries of that renowned city. In 1874 he established his\\npresent business at 121 and 123 Water st.. where a practical expe-\\nrience of over 20 T ears in the making and repairing of saws en-\\nables him to to secure a large and remunerative trade.\\nJohn McArthur, of Sweet McArthur, attorneys at law, East\\nSaginaw, was born at Killin, Scotland, March 28, 1838, and is a\\nson of Dr. Patrick and Isabella (McTavish) McArthur. When\\nsix years of age his parents removed to Callander, Scotland, which\\nJohn called his home until 1856. In 1851 he entered the law office\\nof William Blackwell, at Callander, where he remained two years.\\nHe then followed the seas as a sailor for 18 months. At\\nthe expiration of that time he attended school, and became what\\nis termed a Queen s scholar. He graduated in 1856, and the\\nsame year located at Kingston, Canada, where he had an appoint-\\nment in the preparatory school of the Queen s University as a\\nteacher of the classics and mathematics. After one year he was\\nappointed principal _of the Petersborough Academy, where he also\\nremained one year. He then accepted a situation in the Bank of\\nToronto, holding such position three years. In 1862- 3 he was\\nengaged in farming near Kingston, Canada, and in 1S64 located at\\nEast Saginaw. From 1864 to 1869, he was a partner of Donald\\nA. Kennedy, in the lumber business, the firm being dissolved June\\n21, 1869. In 1870 he was appointed Deputy Sheriff of this county,\\nserving two years. He was elected Justice of the Peace in 1873, occu-\\npying that office until 1875. In the latter year Mr. McArthur was\\nadmitted to the bar, and in January, 1881, formed the present\\npartnership with William H. Sweet. He was School Inspector of\\nthe 3d ward of East Saginaw one year, and is a member of the I.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0571.jp2"}, "570": {"fulltext": "568 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nO. 0. F. fraternity. He was married June 13, 1862, to Ellen Mc-\\nNab, a native of Canada. Of their 5 children 3 survive Jesse,\\nColin and John A. Belle and Patrick Gordon are deceased.\\nWilliam McBain, insurance agent, was born at Huntington,\\nCanada, Feb. 23, 1823. He is the son of Alexander and Susan\\n(Davidson) McBain, natives of Scotland, who located in Canada, in\\n1800. They settled on a farm comprising 1,000 acres, where they\\nkept a country store, and did an extensive business in making\\npearlash and potash. Alexander McBain was killed by lightning\\nin 1830, and William was forced to take charge of this immense\\nproperty, and for several years operated the business under his per-\\nsonal supervision. When 27 years of age he engaged in the mer-\\ncantile and lumbering trade, and in 1867 located at East Saginaw.\\nFor six years he owned a large commission store, and was also\\nextensively engaged in the lumber and pine-land business. In\\nOctober, 1880, he purchased A. C. Robinson s insurance office, and\\nhas since been engaged in that business. He was married in 1819,\\nto Catherine Mcintosh, a native of Scotland. Of their 8 children,\\n7 are living Agnes H., wife of Alexander Charleston; Susie A.,\\nwife of W. F. Wood; A. E., Henry A., W. F., Grace C, and Myrtle\\nL. Robena Florence departed this life in 1867. Mrs. McBain is a\\nmember of Congregational Church.\\nThomas McCausland, oi* the firm of McCausland Delf, corner\\n9th and Wardsworth streets, East Sagj,naw, is one of the enterpris-\\ning business men of Saginaw county. His early days were passed\\nin Ontario county, Canada, and Carrollton, Saginaw county. He\\ncommenced life for himself at an early age as clerk in a cigar store\\nat $3.00 per month and board. Was seven years at Alabaster, on\\nLake Huron, conducting store of general merchandise for Smith\\nBullard Co.; while there was Township Treasurer and Postmas-\\nter. Dec. 3, 1873. he was married to Miss Mary Pesick, their\\nfamily consists of 3 children Benjamin Wm., Charles II. and\\nClaude E.\\nJZdward H. McLean, of Borden McLean, grocers, Potter street,.\\nEast Saginaw, was born in Pine Run, Tuscola county, Mich., Nov.\\n6,1859. He is the first son of Carlos C. and Louisa J. (Webster)\\nMcLean, of Scotch and English parentage. Edward attended school\\nuntil 18 years of age. In May, 1880, he entered into partnership\\nwith Herbert E. Borden, in the grocery business. They carry a\\nstock worth $1,800, and their annual sales amount to $20,000.\\nReuben R. McPherson, master car-builder, F. P. M. R. R.,\\nEast Saginaw, was born in New Jersey, where he learned the cabi-\\nnet maker s trade. He went to Chicago in 1853, and was employed\\nbythe American Car Company about two years; was with the I. C.\\nR. R., for seven years. He came to East Saginaw in 1871, and after\\ntwo years went to Pittsburg, Pa., and was foreman for the P. C.\\nSt. L. R. R., for five years. On his return in 18S0, he assumed the\\nposition of general foreman of the car department. He is a member\\nof the Mason and Odd Fellow Lodges in East Saginaw, and in 1853,.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0572.jp2"}, "571": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 56 J\\nwas a member of the Excelsior Lodge of Chicago, established in\\n1851.\\nHenry Melchers, druggist and dealer in drugs and medicines,\\nalso has a nice assortment of fancy and toilet articles, cigars, etc.\\nHis store is on the northwest corner of Genesee avenue and\\nJefferson street, which is kept up in a most attractive manner.\\nWhen he first started in business in 1864, he occupied a store on\\nthe opposite corner, which was destroyed by fire in January, 1866;\\nloss. $1,100, covered by insurance. He moved to his present\\nlocation in August, 1866, and has made many improvements, so\\nthat at present he has one oi the finest drug stores in the city.\\nMr. Melchers was born in Germany in 1842, son of William and\\nLizette (Deyniann) Melchers. ETe was raised and educated there.\\nand in 1857 came to America. At the age of 15 he entered the\\ndrug business in Detroit, and remained there until the war broke\\nout in 1861, when he enlisted in Co. H, 2d Mich. Inf. In 1862\\nhe was appointed hospital steward of the U. S. army, and served\\nuntil .May. 1864. He was first with the Artillery Brigade, 3d\\nCorps of the army of the Potomac, and then transferred to its\\nheadquarters, employed in the medical director s office, and finally\\ntransferred to the medical director s office, 1st Division, 5th Corps.\\nand left the service on the expiration of his time in May, 1864.\\nHe was in the battle of Bull Run, seige of Torktown, Williams-\\nburg. Fair Oaks. Seven-Days* battle, Malvern Hill, Fredericks-\\nburg and all the engagements of the army of the Potomac up to\\nthe time of leaving the service. In 1880 he began operations\\nwith Leonard Nerreter in the manufacture of and in dealing in\\nshingles and salt, the works being situated near Crow Island.\\nThis mill cuts 10,000,000 shingles, and the salt block turns\\nout about 20,000 barrels of* salt annually, and gives employment to\\n35 men. The cost of the mill machinery and salt block was\\n$16,000. In November, 1868, at Detroit, Mr. Melchers was mar-\\nried to Julia Lemaire, a native of that city, and they have a family\\nof 2 sous. He served as Alderman from 1878 to 1880.\\nMerrill Bacon, brass founders and manufacturers of mill\\nmachinery, engines, etc.. Last Saginaw. This pioneer firm was\\nestablished in business in 1871, building their present shops that\\nyear, at a cost of $12,000. Their business has increased very\\nrapidly, and their work stands high in the market. Mr. Bacon,\\nthe junior member of the firm, is a native of Michigan, and a\\npractical mechanic. He located at Last Saginaw in 1859, and for\\na term of years officiated as foreman of the well-known milling\\nfirm of Sears Holland.\\nC. Merrill d- Co., lumber and salt merchants. East Saginaw.\\nThis firm is perhaps as widely known as any on the Saginaw river.\\nestablishing a permanent lumber trade as early as 1857. The\\nfirm at that time consisted of two men C. Merrill and M. T.\\nHowe. They were associated in business together until 1864,\\nwhen Mr. Howe withdrew from the firm, his successors being T.\\nW. Palmer and A. Whittier. In December, 1872, occurred the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0573.jp2"}, "572": {"fulltext": "570 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ndeath of Mr. Palmer, since which time the two men previously\\nmentioned have composed the firm. In the pioneer days of the\\nlumber trade this firm were wont to cut about 30,000 feet per day,\\nwhile at present the amount manufactured per day exceeds 75,000\\nfeet. The firm own several tracts of pine land, from which they\\nreceive the greater portion of their pine logs. In 1880 the firm\\nestablished their present salt trade. Mr. Whittier is a native of\\nNew Hampshire, and came to Saginaw county in 1856.\\nGustavus W. Meyer, merchant on Potter street, opposite F.\\nP. M. P. P. depot, East Saginaw, was born at Selicia, Liegnitz\\nDistrict, Prussia, Dec. 11, 1852. His parents are Charles G. and\\nAugusta Beyer) Meyer, father was born May 5, 1828, and was in\\nthe first three months infantry, during the civil war; was subse-\\nquently Captain of Co.D, 20th Mich. Vol. Inf., nnder Col. Thomas\\nSavior; mother was born Feb. 18, 1827. When nine years of age,\\nGustavus accompanied his parents to Pittsburg, Pa., and three years\\nlater to Zilwaukee, Mich. After five years, they removed to East\\nSaginaw, where Mr. Meyer attended Germania school until 15\\nyears of age. He was employed at different occupations for some\\nyears, and dually engaged in business for himself at his present\\nlocation. He was married May 1, 1877, to Emma L., daughter of\\nReinhart and Augusta (Berkemeyer) Feige, who was born at East\\nSaginaw, April 30, 1858. They have 2 children Gussie, born\\nApril 12, 1878, and Delmer, born June 24, 1880. Mr. Meyer is a\\nmember of the German Lutheran Church.\\nAmos Mills, saw-filer for Eaton, Potter Co., was born in the\\nprovince of Nova Scotia, Oct. 30, 1838, and is a son of Peter Mills,\\nwho removed with his family to Upper Canada about the year 1843.\\nAt the age of 15 Mr. Mills went to learn the carpenter s trade. In\\n1860 he came to East Saginaw, where he learned the trade of mill-\\nwright, at which he has worked during the winter months for the past\\n15 years. He was married July 4, 1866, to Mrs. Maria Shirley, by\\nwhom he has 2 children, Arthur J. and Ezra G. Mrs. Mills had\\n3 children by her first husband, viz.: Mary J., Willard J. and\\nElla F. Shirley.\\nJames Milne, carriage shop, commenced business July 1, 1880,\\non Franklin street. He has a nice, substantial brick building which\\ncost $1,100, does all kinds of spring work, and employs six men, the\\nbest skilled mechanics. His business has been a success and has\\nsteadily increased. Mr. Milne was born in Scotland, June 9, 1843,\\nwhere he was raised and learned his trade. He worked at it there\\nfor 10 years, when he came to America and located in Saginaw, where\\nhe has remained ever since. He was married in Scotland, June 5,\\n1866, to Miss Maggie Morrison, and they have a family of 4\\nchildren, 3 sons and 1 daughter, living at home.\\nMr. J. MoffifJ, insurance agent, East Saginaw, was educated at\\nSaginaw City, and in 1878 bought out the business established by\\nA. P. Seykes, since which time he has been very successful and\\nenjoys more than an average share of the insurance custom. He", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0574.jp2"}, "573": {"fulltext": "CITY OK EAST SAGINAW. 571\\nrepresents the Home Life Insurance Company, of New York, and\\nseveral others equally as good.\\nWilliam B. Moore, druggist, was bom at Jackson, Mich., July\\n24. 1854. and is a son of William S. and Amelia (Beebe) Moore,\\nfather a native of New York. He was reared in the city of Jackson,\\nobtaining his education in the public schools. When 13 years of\\nage he entered the employ of Holland Chapman, druggists, where\\nhe remained two years, and was subsequently employed in the same\\ncapacity with C. E. Webb, three years. In August, 1873, he came\\nto East Saginaw, and entered the drug house of A. A. Dunk, re-\\nmaining there until the death of his father, in March, 1876. lie\\nthen returned home, and in 1879 went to Bay City, Mich., working\\nfor L. S. Comau, until February, 1880, when he purchased his pres-\\nent stock and business. Mr. Moore was married April 22, 188 to\\nElla W., daughter of John G. Owen, a prominent lumber merchant\\nof the Saginaw Valley. One child has been given to seal this alli-\\nance, Louise Woodland, born March 10, 1881. Mr. Moore has\\nbuilt up a remarkable trade for the short time he has been in busi-\\nness, and his sales are increasing with wonderful rapidity.\\nE mil Moore*, proprietor and superintendent of the Mayflower\\nMills, East Saginaw, is a native of Prussia, where he was born in\\n1827. He emigrated to the United States in 1849, with several\\nbrothers, and came direct to Saginaw City, where they had the good\\nfortune to be kindly cared for by Judge Eleazer Jewett and his\\nestimable wife, until they were able to speak English and find labor\\nfor their willing hands. Mr. Moores soon found employment with\\nJesse Hoyt, and rapidly rose to positions of honor and trust. In\\n1866, he became full partner in the Mayflower Mills, and with that\\nliberality 7 and honest} 7 characteristic of the true gentleman has be-\\ncome one of the most respected and honored citizens of the Sagi-\\nnaws. lie well deserves the success which has attended him\\nthrough life.\\nC. V. Moross, architect and builder, South Park street, East Sag\\ninaw, was born in Detroit, Mich., Dec. 25, 1S27, and is a son of\\nVictor Moross. In 1849 he went to New Orleans, where he super-\\nintended the Lake Pontchartrain car works for three years. He went\\nto Galveston, Texas, and thence to Florida in 1852. In 1853 he\\nreturned to Detroit, where, in 1854, he married Miss Kate O Con-\\nnor, a cousin of Hon. John O Connor, present Postmaster General\\nof Canada. In 1855 Mr. Moross removed to Grand Rapids, where\\nhe engaged in architecture and building until 1858, when he re-\\nmoved to East Saginaw, and resumed his profession. Among the\\nspecimens of his work here, are the Everett House block, a portion\\nof the Bancroft House block, Simoneau block, St. Mary s church\\nand others. He has carried business ver} 7 extensively, having\\nworked from 150 to 20 men on his force at onetime. For the past\\nthree years he has built cars for the F. P. M. R. R. company.\\nMr. Moross is the father of 5 children, viz.: Marv T. V.. Kittle", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0575.jp2"}, "574": {"fulltext": "572 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n(deceased), V. Blanche II., Charlotte E. and Walter H. R. The\\nfamily are members of the Catholic Church.\\nA. W. Morse, lumber inspector, office No. 4, Buena Vista block,\\nEast Saginaw. Although young in years, Mr. Morse has gained\\nan enviable reputation in his professed calling, and enjoys the con-\\nfidence and good will of the various lumber firms throughout the\\nentire Valley. His long business experience enables him to inspect\\nlumber in a rapid, but careful manner, and he thereby secures a\\ngenerous proportion of the inspectors business along the Saginaw\\nriver.\\nM. C, lloiver, the pioneer ice dealer of the Saginaws, is a\\nnative of Maine, where he remained until his 25th year. He then\\nremoved to East Saginaw, where, in 1865, he built an ice house at a\\ncost of $2,000. His present business, however, began in 1860,\\nsince which time his facilities for putting up the frozen fluid\\nand his annual sales have made him the most popular ice dealer\\nin the city. During the summer season Mr. Mower delivers ice\\nto his numerous customers in large, roomy wagons, having a\\ncapacity of nearly four tons each.\\nHenry Naegely, second son of Rudolph and Margaret (Hinter-\\nmeister) Naegely, was born in Zurich, Switzerland, Dec. 21, 1840.\\nHe was a dry-goods clerk for some time, and subsequently served\\nthree years in the Italian army. He came to the United States in\\nJune, 1860, and settled in Wisconsin, where he farmed it one\\nyepr. On Oct. 28, 1861, he enlisted in Co. K, 2nd Reg. Wis.\\nVol. Inf., as Sergeant, and after successive promotions, up to Cap-\\ntain, was honorably discharged July 14, 1865, at Louisville, Ky.,\\nas Captain Assistant Adjutant General on Brevet Brig.-Gen.\\nMorrows staff. He fought in 28 engagements. He was then\\nporter of the Biddle House, at Detroit, Mich., three years, and at\\nthe Bancroft House, in this city, for five years. He purchased the\\nGilbert House, on Potter street, which, he kept for four years, and\\nthen kept the house at the Tittabawassee State bridge for\\none year. He returned to East Saginaw, and after three years in\\nthe Blair House, built the Naegely block, in 1879. He was married\\nto Maggie Brien, and 2 children have been sent them Henry\\nE. and Lottie. Mr. Naegely has been a member of the Working-\\nmen s Aid Society for 13 years.\\nReo. Theodore Nelton. Prominent among the leading men of\\nSaginaw county is the Rev. Theodore Nelson, who was born in this\\nState, near Adrian, Feb. 11, 1841. His father was a native of, and\\nresided for many years in, Genesee county, N. Y., whence he moved\\nto Michigan. The mother of the subject of this sketch was a\\nwoman of extremely delicate, sensitive and highly nervous organi-\\nzation, which inclined her to shun the active scenes of society.\\nShe was possessed of a strong religious nature, and her Christian\\ncharacter was marked with great earnestness and strong faith, yet\\nin an equal degree by the Christian virtue of modest} and humility.\\nMr. Nelson was educated at Kalamazoo College, in this State, and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0576.jp2"}, "575": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 573\\nat the Michigan State University, graduating at the former place.\\nAt an early period in the war of the Rebellion, and at an early age,\\nlie entered the military service of the United States in Co. D, 26th\\nReg. Mich. Inf. Vol. He was soon promoted, and served till the\\nclose of the war, and was mustered out as Captain of Co. E of the\\nsame regiment.\\nMr. N. was ordained to the Christian ministry in the Bap-\\ntist denomination Feb. IS, 1868, and became the settled pastor of\\nthe Baptist Church in Ithaca in 1871, remaining with that Church\\ntwo years, when, in 1873, he received and accepted a call as pastor\\nof the First Baptist Church of East Saginaw, with which Church\\nhe still remains. On the 25th of May, 1867, he was married to\\nMiss Laura A. Cheeseman, daughter of Dr. Cheeseman, of St.\\nLouis. Mich.\\nMr. Nelson combines, in rare degree, vigor, versatility and com-\\nprehensiveness of mind, possessing a mental ability and high,\\nbroad culture which command the admiration of all who know\\nor hear him a man of broad, comprehensive views and advanced\\nthought in the fields of science, literature and religion, while his\\nsocial qualities, with his frank and cordial manner, endear him to\\nall who are fortunate enough to form his acquaintance. Though\\nhis profession is one that is generally thought to largely debar a\\nman from the secular duties of life, yet Mr. N. is a gentleman who\\nbelieves that his duties as a citizen and, we believe, correctly\\nare as sacred and obligatory as any that rest upon him in any\\ncapacity, and he feels that he ought to be as tenacious of his civil\\nand political rights as any other of our citizens.\\nWilliam Neumann, dealer in groceries, provisions, flour and\\nfeed, etc., corner of Park and Lapeer streets, was born in Ger-\\nmany in the year 1845. He came to East Saginaw in 1866. For\\nthe first two years he worked at the American House, and the two\\nfollowing years he clerked in the store of N. Schmelzer. He also\\nclerked two years for II. E. Goeschel. In 1872 he established a\\nstore of his own on the corner of Webster and Lapeer, where he\\ncarried on the grocery business successfully until 1878, when he\\nremoved into his new and commodious brick block, where he is\\ndoing a business of $20,000 annually on a capital stock of $5,000.\\nThe main building is 74x21 feet, and the addition, which he\\nbuilt in 1880, is 36x20 feet. Mr. Neumann was married in 1869 to\\nMiss Caroline Bruegel. by whom he has 3 children Mary,\\nWilliam and Henry.\\nJohn E. Nolan, attorney at law, and Circuit Court Commis-\\nsioner of Saginaw county, was born at East Saginaw, May 6, 1854.\\nHe is a son of Thomas and Johanna F. (Doyle) Nolan, natives of\\nIreland, the former of whom settled in this county Jan. 11, 1850.\\nMr. Nolan obtained his preliminary education in the public schools\\nof this city, and in 1874 entered the University of Michigan, grad-\\nuating from the law department March 29, 1876. Lie returned to\\nEast Saginaw, and for one year was a student in the law office of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0577.jp2"}, "576": {"fulltext": "574 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nCamp Brooks. He opened an office for himself in November,\\n1877, and has succeeded in building 1 up a very fair practice. Pie\\nis Democratic in politics, and in November. 1878, was elected on\\nthat ticket as Circuit Court Commissioner, being re-elected in 1880.\\nHe was married May 6, 1879, to Mary J. Redmond, who was born\\nat TJtica, N. Y., Nov. 3, 1856. Mr. Nolan and wife are members\\nof the Roman Catholic Church.\\nJohn O^Brien, of O Brien Millard, wholesale and retail dealers\\nin wines and liquors, was born in Canada, Nov. 1, 1832, and is a\\nson of Morgan and Catherine (Reardon) O Brien, natives of Ireland.\\nMr. O Brien was reared on a farm, and when 18 years of age, came\\nto Saginaw county, intending to purchase a farm. He looked over\\na goodly portion of the land, but was not suited, and then went to\\nGenesee county, where he purchased a farm, and remained until\\n1858. In that year he returned to East Saginaw, and was proprietor\\nof a public tavern on Water street, until 1865. He then erected a\\nframe building on Genesee ave., which he stocked with groceries,\\nbut was burned out two years later, sustaining a heavy loss, as\\nnothing was insured. He subsequently opened a wholesale and\\nretail liquor house on Genesee ave., and a few years later erected a\\ntwo-story brick on Franklin street, which the firm now occupies.\\nIn 1863, C. C. Millard was admitted into full partnership, and the\\nfirm has since been known as O Brien Millard. Mr. O Brien was\\nmarried in June, 1856, to Sarah Cashin, a native of Ireland. Two\\nchildren are living John J. and Fred W. Seven children are de-\\nceased. Mrs. O Brien is a member of the Roman Catholic Church.\\nJohn O 1 Donnell, a leading merchant of South Saginaw, was born in\\nStranorler, county of Donegal, Ireland, in the year 1836. He came\\nto near Tiffin, Ohio, in 1848, where he clerked in a store for seven\\ndollars a month, and in six years from that time he owned a half-\\ninterest in the store. He came to South Saginaw in 1865, and estab-\\nlished a general store on Washington avenue near Mackinaw street.\\nHe afterward erected one of the finest frame blocks in Saginaw\\nValley, 65x40 feet, and in 1880 built an addition to it 40 feet in the\\nrear. This is on Washington avenue above Mackinaw street,\\nwhere he keeps a full line of groceries, provisions, grain and feed,\\ndry-goods, clothing and boots and shoes. The annual sales of this\\nfirm amount to $45,000, and this is largely from the country. Mr.\\nO Donnell was married in 1866 to Miss Martha O Donnell, by\\nwhom he had 8 children, 5 living James, John, Francis, Rose M.\\nand Mattie. Mrs. O Donnell died Jan. 9, 1881. Mr. O DonnelPs\\nportrait appears on page 513.\\nPatrick A. O Donnell, lumberman and dealer in real estate, East\\nSaginaw, was born in Ireland, March 17, 1840. He came to Roch-\\nester, New York, in 1854, and to East Saginaw in 1855, arriving\\nhereon the 15th of November. In those days tamarack poles were\\nused for sidewalks in East Saginaw, and the greater portion of the\\npresent city was a wilderness. Where the Everett House now\\nstands was a dense forest. Mr. O Donnell immediately engaged in\\nthe lumber business, in which he has been employed ever since. He", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0580.jp2"}, "577": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 575\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0was Treasurer of Spalding tp. at the time it was annexed to East\\nSaginaw. Mr. O Donneil was married in 1873 to Miss Kittie M.\\nLaughlan, in Toledo. Ohio. They have had 3 children, 2 living\\nJohn P. and Mary E.\\nII J. o Donnell, proprietor salt well and block, East Saginaw,\\nis a native of Ireland. When nine years of age his parents settled in\\nNew York, where Mr. Donnell received a liberal education. In\\nI860 he removed to Saginaw City, and for some years was engaged\\nin tanning and various occupations. In 1871 he opened a grocery\\non Hamilton street, where he erected two buildings at a cost of $5,-\\n000. Mr. O Donnell is also the owner of valuable farm property,\\nand 36 building lots in South Saginaw. A description of his salt\\nwell and block will be found in the chapter on salt.\\nJohn G. Owen, dealer in real estate, and proprietor of salt and\\nlumber works, East Saginaw, is one of the most popular and well-\\nknown citizens of the Saginaw Valley. Mr. Owen was formerly a\\nresident of Oakland county, where he had been engaged in business\\nin the capacity of miller, merchant and farmer. In 1S65 he came to\\nthis county, and became identified with the grocery, lumber and\\nsupply trade of East Saginaw. In 1873 he established his present\\nbusiness, an account of which will be found among the salt and\\nlumber interests of the county. Mr. Owen has served as Mayor,\\nAlderman and Water Commissioner of East Saginaw, and in 1860\\nwas elected as Representative to the Michigan Legislature, serv-\\ning three sessions with marked ability. In 1861 he was made a\\nmember of the State Senate. Mr. Owen is an honest, faithful and\\nefficient citizen, and an honor to East Saginaw and the V alley.\\nT. J. Pdsxmore, of Ramsey Passmore, carriage and wagon\\nmanufactures, East Saginaw, was born in Canada, and came to East\\nSaginaw in 1867, and learned his trade with Houghton Co. He\\nsubsequently worked for Baker Mason, and in November, 1880,\\nthe present business was established. Roth members of the firm\\nare practical workmen, and have built up a splendid trade since\\nstarting. Mr. Passmore entered the Fire Department, as pipeman,\\nin February, 1880, and is now hydrantman.\\nAaron R. Penny, insurance agent, East Saginaw, is a native of\\nOrange county, N. Y., where he was engaged in the mercantile\\ntrade for several years. He came West in 1848, and arrived at\\nSaginaw City May 4, with $1,000 capital. He first located at Salina,\\n(now South Saginaw), where he bought 71 acres of land. In 1851\\nhe removed to East Saginaw, and built a saw-mill, on what is now\\n(renesee ave. In 1863 he sold the saw-mill to Warner Eastman,\\nand engaged with Mr. Gardner, in the manufacture of salt. In\\n1865 he went to Canada and engaged in the oil trade. After some\\ntime he returned to East Saginaw, and in 1867, built the Penny\\nblock, costing about $12,000. In 1869 he opened out as a hat\\nand fur dealer, at which he continued until 1878, when he engaged\\nin his present business.\\nJume* W. Perrin, manufacturer of and dealer in lumber, salt\\nand shingles. The planing mill was built in 1871 by Edwards and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0581.jp2"}, "578": {"fulltext": "57(6 HISTORY OK S.M.IXAM COUNTY.\\nSanborn, and At the time of its erection Mr. Perrin was acting as\\nforeman. In March, 1873, he bought out the interest of Mr. San-\\nhorn and became a partner of Mr. Edwards. During the same\\nyear a shingle mill was added, and in 1870 a salt-block was erected,\\nthus forming the foundation tor the large business done there at\\npresent. In February, L879, the firm dissolved partnership and Mr.\\nPerrin became the sole proprietor of the works. The cost of the\\nmachinery is $14,000, and the mill turns out annually 14,000,000\\nshingles. The salt well is 720 feet deep, and turns out 24,000\\nbbls. salt annually. There are two engines, one 50-horse power, in\\nthe mill, and one 12-horse power in the drill house, and the entire\\nworks give employment to 35 men.\\nMr. Perrin was horn at Fairport. Monroe Co., N. Y. He was\\nraised and brought up there until he was 13 years of age. when he\\nbegan life for himself. During the war he enlisted in Company E,\\n13th X. Y. Volunteer Infantry, Aug. 26, 1802. lie joined the regi-\\nment the day the battle of Antietam took place, on the 17th of\\nSeptember. In December. 1802. he was detailed Adjutant Clerk,\\nwhich position he filled until April, 1863. He was with the army\\nin seven important battles: Fredericksburg, Mine Run. Gettysburg.\\nChancellorville, Wilderness and other engagements. At the\\nBattle of the Wilderness. May 5, 1864, he was taken prisoner and\\nconfined 10 months at Gordonsville, Danville and Andersonville.\\nHe was discharged June 20, 18 5, and returned to Fairport. May\\n14. L868, he was married to Mary Leonard, a native of New\\nYork. At the time of his marriage he was cashier and bookkeeper\\nfor Hill. Hamilton A: Co., general merchants, of Fairport, for seven\\nyears. In L872 he came to Saginaw, where he became engaged in\\nhis present business. Mr. Perrin, since he has been a resident of\\nthe county, has filled an active place in the business and political\\ninterests of the city. He has sen ed as Alderman in the 1st ward\\nsince 1879 and is the author of a book entitled Wages and Interest\\nTable. published in ISTTand indorsed by the leading business men\\nin the valley.\\nZoui-s Quinnin was born in Sandusky, Ohio, and is a son of\\nJoseph Quinnin. who removed with his family to Detroit in 1^4o.\\nMr. Quinnin served in the regular army during the late war. in the\\nHorse Battery M. of the 2d V. S. Artillery, and participated in the\\nfirst battle of Pull Run. Yorktown. both battles of Malvern Hill.\\nWilliamsburg, South Mountain, Antietam. Williamsport, Martins-\\nburg. Stoneman s Raid. Gettysburg. Boonesboro, Ilagerstown. Bat-\\ntle Mountain. Buckland Mills, Sheridan s Raid. Waynesborough.\\nPetersburg, Richmond, Deep Creek. Sailor Creek, Five Forks.\\nAppomattox Station. Appomattox Court-House. and others. about\\n50 in all. He was present at the time of Lee s surrender. He\\nwas wounded three times. After the close of the war. his regi-\\nment was sent to California, where. March 13. 1867, at Presidio\\nbarracks, San Francisco, he was discharged. Mr. Quinnin still has\\na portion of their flag that was shot to pieces at Gettysburg.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0582.jp2"}, "579": {"fulltext": "CITY 01 EAS1 M.INAW. i\\nHe was guide-on-bearer at that time, and barely escaped being\\ntorn to pieces; for as soon as lie planted the flag between two can-\\nnun, and stepped to one side, the balls and shells from the enemy\\ncompletely tore the flag to pieces. He was married Jan. 9, 1868,\\nto Miss Lionise Eartlep, by whom he has had 3 children; but one\\nof these is now living, viz.: Louis C.\\nAndrew JRamsay was bom in Canada, July 19, 1840, son of\\nGeorge and Isabella Ramsey. II is mother died at East Saginaw in\\nApril. 1873, while his father is now living at White Rock, Huron\\nCo., this State. He was brought up and educated in Canada,\\nand lived there until he was 24 years old. At the age of 14\\nlie learned his trade, that of a blacksmith, and worked at it until\\n1864, when he came to Michigan. lie first located in Huron\\ncounty, where he remained for a year and a half, and then came to\\nEast Saginaw, where lie has made his home, with the exception of\\ntour years passed on a farm in Bay county. April 19, 1S80, he opened\\nhis shop on (ass st., doingall kinds of carriage and heavier work.\\nIn November, 1880, he took in Thomas J. Passmore as a partner.\\nwho has been with him since, lie was married in 1865 in Huron\\ncounty, to Maggie Gibson, and they have only 1 child living out\\nof 4. His wife died in October. 1876, and in July, 1878, he\\nwas married again to Rosanna Loomis. They have 1 child. Mr.\\nRamsey has been a member of the Odd Fellows, in good standing,\\nBince 1878.\\nWm. R pp was born in Wirtemberg, Germany, in 1843. In\\nl^fiG he emigated to America, locating in Saginaw county. By\\noccupation he is a butcher. His shop and residence are located\\nnear the corner of Lee and Wardsworth streets. In 1808 he was\\nmarried to Miss Mary Gordan, a native of Frankenmuth tp., this\\ncounty, where her parents, at this writing, are residing. By\\nthis marriage he has 5 children, viz. William, Herman, Charlie,\\nLizzie and Charlie. Mr. R. is one of the live, go-ahead men of\\nthis place.\\n^Ym. Rebec was born in Austria in- 1846; came to America in\\n1865, first to Chicago, thence to Detroit, then to East Saginaw.\\nHis school davs were spent at or near his home in the old country,\\nfive years being spent at one of the leading seminaries- in his canton.\\nHe was Wood Inspector before the free bridge was built, since\\nwhich time he has had charge of that. He is a member of the\\nBohemian Aid Society. He was married in Chicago^ in 1866, to\\nMiss Leopoldina Herbeck, a native of Bohemia, her parents both\\ndeceased. They have 1 child, George.\\nM. lingers, superintendent of Mason Coming s boat-yard,\\nEast Saginaw, was born in Maine, Dec. 1, 1830, and followed the\\nocean for several years and became an officer of a vessel. At the age\\nof _ 1 years he learned a trade at Belfast Bay. and during the war was\\nemployed by the Government in building transports He came\\nwest in 1 52, and first located at Marine City, and for nine seasons\\nwas master of the D. K. (Mint, John F. Rust and the Buckeye", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0583.jp2"}, "580": {"fulltext": "578 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nState, owned by David Rust. He has been in charge of ship\\nyards in the winter, and sailed the lakes in the summer, for the\\npast eight years.\\nD. F. Rose, dealer in lumber, East Saginaw, was born near Detroit,\\nMich., and in his youth received a liberal education. In 1860 he\\nbecame established in the commission business at East Saginaw,\\nand has risen in the ranks of the lumber profession with that rapidity\\nwhich East Saginaw has risen to her eminent position among the\\ncities of the Wolverine State. In 1866 Mr. Rose was elected\\nAlderman of East Saginaw, and for six years was an efficient mem-\\nber of the School Board. In 1877 he was appointed Treasurer of the\\nEast Saginaw Board of Trade, a position which he has since filled\\nwith signal ability.\\nWilliam A. Rose, a leading meat merchant of South Saginaw,\\nwas born in Lincolnshire, England, Aug. 26. 1840. He came with\\nhis parents to Pontiac, Mich., in 1849, and to Flint about the year\\n1855. In 1862 he came to South Saginaw and established a meat\\nmarket, in company with Ferd Leassia. He has been engaged in\\nthis business here ever since, except about seven years, which time\\nhe spent in Flint, Mich. Mr. Rose uses the improved ice box, or\\nrefrigerator, for keeping his fresh meats in warm weather, and is\\ndoing a good business, which is constantly on the increase. He\\nwas married in 1865 to Miss Sarah E. Francis, by whom he has\\n4 children, Albert L., William L., Philo E. and Glen Ernest.\\nDr. J. S. Rouse, physician and surgeon, South Saginaw, was born\\nnear Toronto, Canada, Feb. 11, 1830, and is a son of Benajah Rouse.\\nHe received his literary education at Alamont, Mich., and attended\\nthe medical department of the Michigan University, at Ann Arbor,\\nfor one and two-thirds terms. He then, in 1862, went into the\\nwar, as hospital steward of the 10th Reg. Mich. Vol. Inf. In\\n1863 he was appointed Assistant Surgeon of the 14th Mich. Reg.,\\nand in 1865 was appointed Surgeon of the 10th Mich. Reg.\\nAfter the war he resumed his college course, graduating\\nfrom the Bellevue Hospital College, of New York city, in 1866.\\nThe same year he came to South Saginaw, where he still resides,\\nand has built up a good practice. The Doctor s extensive knowl-\\nedge of surgery renders him more efficient in that branch of his\\nprofession than had he obtained but a mere collegiate course. He\\nwas married in February, 1S68, to Miss Sarah E. Hemingway, by\\nwhom he has 5 children Kittie, Jay A., Hattie M., Jessie and\\nHelen E.\\nFred Rump was born in Germany, March 30,1825. In 1856\\nhe came to East Saginaw, which was then mostly woods and water.\\nDuring the first two years he worked at Dorr s mill, and one sum-\\nmer at the Blue Mills. He then worked at coopering for two years\\nfor the Mayflower Mills. He then became foreman of Ten Eyck s\\ncooper shop, which position he held one year, when he took charge\\nof Sears cooper shop, and ran it for seven years. InlS 66 he built a\\nshop for himself on Second street, between Fitzhugh and Johnson", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0584.jp2"}, "581": {"fulltext": "TIT OF EAST SAGINAW. 5T J\\nwhere he still holds forth and is doing a good business. Mr. Rump\\nwas married in 1856 to Miss Sophia Hahn, by whom he has had\\n7 children. 4 living Willy. Albert, Henry and Louise.\\nAloney Rust was born Dec. S, 1818, in the town of Wells, Rut-\\nland Co., Vermont. His advantages for education were those\\nof the common schools of that date, and in them he mastered the\\nrudiments of an education. His father was a farmer in moderate\\ncircumstances. In 18:57 the family removed to this State and set-\\ntled at Newport (now Marine City), on the St. Clair river, where\\nMr. Rust remained until of age on a farm with his parents. About\\nthe time he obtained his majority he commenced sailing before\\nthe mast on the lakes, and obtained considerable skill as a navi-\\ngator. About the year 3843 Mr. Rust, in company with his brother,\\nDavid W. Rust, built a vessel which was known as the schooner Ver-\\nmont. Aloney, having the most experience, was selected as Captain,\\nand after a few years of success they sold the vessel. In 1846 Mr.\\nRust, with his brother, David W., built a steam saw-mill at New-\\nport, which they operated until 1859, and during that time they\\nacquired an experience in the lumber business, which resulted in\\ntheir having rightly obtained the reputation of being honest and\\nsuccessful business men. In 1851 Mr. Rust commenced the selec-\\ntion of pine lands on the tributaries of the Saginaw and many other\\nrivers in this State, which contributed largely to the success of\\nhimself and associates. In 1857, with his brothers, he commenced\\nactive lumber business in the Saginaw Valley by building a steam\\n^aw-mill at the upper end of Saginaw river, now within the cor-\\nporate limits of East Saginaw, and from that time until his death,\\nwhich occurred Sept. 18, 1874, he was largelj 7 engaged in the man-\\nufacture of lumber and salt, and was part owner in barge lines, steam\\nand other vessel property on the lakes. He was interested in a\\nlarge lumber yard in Cleveland and in extensive tracts of pine land\\nin this State and Wisconsin, as well as iron mines and farm prop-\\nerty. During the last 10 years of his life his time was principally\\nemployed in the management of extensive lumber operations on\\nthe west side of the State, in company with his brother, David W.,\\nJames Sanborn and others. The business was principally done at\\nMuskegon, and the result of his operations was remunerative and\\nsatisfactory. He amassed a large fortune by his industry, energy\\nand economy. He was a true friend and good neighbor. His life\\nwas devoted largely to the aggrandizement of his family, which con-\\nsisted, at his death, of a wife, 4 sons and 2 daughters. His early\\ndeath was regretted by his family and a very large circle of friends\\nwhom he had assisted in very many ways, and often to his great\\npecuniary loss. Mr. Rust s energy and success in his early busi-\\nness life did much to inspire the younger members of his father s\\nfamily with a proper ambition, which proved of great value to them\\nin after life.\\nDavid W. Rust was born March 24, 1821, in the town of Wells,\\nRutland Co., Vt. His advantages for education were tho=e\\n35", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0585.jp2"}, "582": {"fulltext": "580 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nof the common schools of that date, and in them he mastered the\\nrudiments of an education. His father was a farmer in moderate\\ncircumstances. In 1837 the family removed to this State, and\\nsettled at Newport (now Marine City), on the St. Clair river, where\\nMr. Rust remained on a farm, with his parents, until of age. Im-\\nmediately after he obtained his majority he learned the ship-car-\\npenter s trade, which was of vast benefit to him in after life. In\\n1843 Mr. Rust, in company with his brother, Aloney Rust, built\\na vessel which was known as the schooner Vermont. This ves-\\nsel they sailed for several years and did a profitable business, Alo-\\nney acting as Captain, and David before the mast. After a few\\nyears they sold the vessel, and commenced lumber operations, by\\nbuilding a steam saw-mill at Newport in 1846, and they operated\\nthe mill until 1859, when Mr. David W. Rust removed to East\\nSaginaw, where he remained until his death, Oct. 4, 1880. In 1851\\nMr. Rust, with his brothers, commenced purchasing pine land on\\nthe tributaries of the Saginaw and other rivers in this State, and\\nin 1857 they built a steam saw-mill at the upper end of Saginaw\\nriver, now within the corporate limits of East Saginaw; a few\\nyears later they built a steam saw-mill at Bay City, and when salt\\nwas discovered in the Saginaw Valley they added extensive salt\\nworks to their mills. He was the managing partner in very exten-\\nsive lumber operations and salt manufactories in the Saginaw\\nValley. He was the managing partner, and superintended the con-\\nstruction of a large number of steam vessels, sailing vessels and\\nbarges on the lakes, which proved profitable and satisfactory to all\\ninterested. He was part owner in a large lumber yard at Cleve-\\nland, Ohio, held large tracts of pine land in this State and Wiscon-\\nsin; also iron and farming lands. Mr. Rust amassed a large\\nfortune through his attention to business, solid, practical sense,\\nand sturdy integrity. He was from his boyhood until his death the\\nguiding spirit in business matters of his father s family, and his\\nbrothers and others attribute very much of their well-known busi-\\nness success to his good judgment and advice. He helped others\\nto help themselves. He was a good son, husband, father and\\nbrother. He left a wife, 3 sons and 1 daughter.\\nCol. Thomas Sayler, Postmaster of East Saginaw, was born\\nat Philadelphia, Pa., in 1831. When 21 years of age he proceeded\\nto New York city, and embarked in what is usually termed the\\nsaw trade. In 1858 he located at East Saginaw, engaging in\\nthe same business until the beginning of the war, when he raised\\na company of the 3d Mich. Cav., and was chosen Captain. Pro\\nceeding to the front, the 3d entered the Army of the Cumberland,\\nand Capt. Sayler was soon jH omoted to Major. Shortly after the\\nbattle of Corinth, he was commissioned as Colonel. After the\\nwar he returned to East Saginaw, and in connection with C. W.\\nGrant, engaged in the lumber trade. In 1868 he was appointed\\nto his present position by President Grant, and has faithfully dis-\\ncharged the duties of that office to the present time.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0586.jp2"}, "583": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 581\\nWemtry Schntidt. -This enterprising meat merchant is located\\non Fifth, between Fitzhugh and Johnson struct-. East Saginaw.\\nHe keeps constantly on hand a full supply of all kinds of meats,\\nboth -alt and fresh. Eis facilities for preserving fresh meat in\\nwarm weather arc excellent. The refrigerator is eight by eight\\nfeet, and seven feet high. The walls are double, with double\\nstrata if thick paper on the inside of each wall, and over the\\nt p he keeps three tons of ice, which makes the box very cold, and at\\nthe same time it is kept perfectly dry. Mr. Schmidt is a native of\\nGermany, ami came to New York city in 1852. In 1855 he came to\\nEast Saginaw, and worked at the butcher s trade and other labor for\\nsometime. He first began business in 1871, on Lapeer street,\\nand in 1874 he removed his shop to the present location on Fifth\\nstreet. Mr. Schmidt was married in September, 1857, to Miss\\nAnna Leinberg.\\n0. J. Showers^ proprietor of the Reed House. This house was\\nbuilt in the winter of 1874 by G-eorge Reed, who conducted it\\nthree years, and then it was bought by O. J. Showers in 1876,\\nwho is the proprietor at the present time. It is a large frame\\nbuilding, located at the East Saginaw depot, on the Penoyerfarm.\\nMr. Showers was born in Rochester, X. Y., June 13, 1836. He\\nlived with his parents until he was 20 years of age, and then went\\nto Jackson county, where he remained five years. He came to\\nSaginaw in 1861; is a carpenter and joiner by trade, and has\\nworked at it here eight years. He owned and ran a shingle and\\nlumber mill at Hemlock City for over six years, and then bought\\nthe hotel which he now manages. He was married at Dexter,\\nMich., Aug. 1, 1859, to Miss Jennie E. Jefferies, a niece of Dr.\\nC. A. Jefferies, of Ann Arbor. They have 3 children, of whom\\n2 girls are married, the youngest one living at home. He also\\nhas a restaurant and saloon opposite the hotel, which he has run\\nfor the past six years.\\nArnold P. Slices (^deceased). This worthy man was born near\\nWhite Hall, New .York, March 27, 1831. He was brought upon\\nhis father s farm, and his educational advantages were none save\\nthose furnished by the common schools. From 1850 to 1853, he\\nwas employed on the U. S. ship, Congress. In 1851 he came\\nto Romeo, Mich., where he remained until 1864, and then re-\\nmoved to East Saginaw. He was a prominent builder and con-\\ntractor, having erected some fine buildings in this place; among\\nthem are the Lloyd House, the First Baptist church, the brick\\nbuilding formerly used for the jail in South Saginaw, and a large\\nbrick block for himself in that part of the city. He also erected\\nthe county jail at Midland. Mich. Mr. Sikes saw life in its\\nworst phases, as well as in its best. He was an earnest and honest\\nworker in whatever he undertook. Lie was married in I860 to\\nMiss Sarepta, daughter of Abram Axford, a native of Warren\\ncounty, New Jersey, and an early settler of Oakland Co., Mich.\\nIt would be in keeping here to remark that this same Abram Ax-\\nford and his lady celebrated their golden wedding in 1870, and are", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0587.jp2"}, "584": {"fulltext": "582 HISTORY OF SAGINAW county.\\nboth still living, and well and hearty, Mr. and Mrs. Sikes had 3\\nchildren, of whom but 1 is living Jessie, a bright girl of 12 or 13\\nsummers. Two grown daughters, and accomplished ladies, died in\\n1880. Air. Sikes died Dec. 14, 1877, loved and respected by all.\\nHe had been a member of the Baptist Church since 185*5, and a faith-\\nful, earnest worker in the Master s cause. For nine years he su-\\nperintended the South Saginaw Sabbath-school, and was also a\\nDeacon in the Baptist Church in that part of the city before remov-\\ning to East town proper. He was a kind husband and father, and\\na valuable member of society. The city lost a useful man in the\\ndeath of Mr. Sikes.\\nMiss M. S medley justly ranks among the leading dress-makers\\nof East Saginaw. She became established in business at 110 Gen-\\nesee street, and through her own designs in the dress-making art,\\nand unusual talents as a business lady, soon placed herself far in the\\nlead among those who cater to the fashionable wants of the elite\\nof East Saginaw. Miss Smedley employs some fifteen artistes in\\nher extensive establishment, who are selected for the superior ability\\nand unrivaled dexterity so necessary in the construction of the ele-\\ngant and lovely raiments of the present day. Miss Smedley also\\noperates a branch establishment at Bay City.\\nCharles H. Smith, of Smith Goodale, proprietors Central Mills,\\nEast Saginaw, was born in Union tp., Tolland Co., Conn., Feb. 16,\\n1839, and is a son of Jndson and Cynthia (Hammond) Smith, of\\nEnglish and Scotch descent. When 18 years of age Mr. Smith was\\nin the boot and shoe manufactory ofJudson Smith Son. Bing-\\nhamton, N. Y., where he remained seven years. In July, 1865,\\nhe came to East Saginaw, and for many years was the senior mem-\\nber of the firm of Chas. H. Smith Co., at one time having branch\\nstores in Saginaw and Bay Cities. In 1876 he sold out his interest\\nto his brother, and in 1877- 8 had charge of the wholesale Western\\ntrade of Anderson, Gregg Co., shoe manufacturers of Bingham-\\nton, N. Y. He then bought property on the corner of Franklin\\nand Fitzhugh streets, and started the Central Mills, soon after ad-\\nmitting Marion Goodale, of Delhi Mills, Washtenaw Co., Mich., as\\na partner. Mr. Smith was married at Bingham ton, N. Y., June\\n16, 1863, to Frances L., daughter of Hallam E. and Elizabeth L.\\n(Lathrop) Pratt, who was born in New York, Dec. 3, 1841. They\\nhave 4 children Annie, born Feb. 22, 1869; Charles J., born Oct.\\n11, 1871; Hallam P., born Jan. 28, 1875, and Louisa, born Jan 26,\\n1880. Mrs. Smith is a member of the Congregational Church.\\nWhen Mr. Smith was 14 years of age he suffered a most peculiar\\nand distressing accident. He had visited his uncle s spoke and hub\\nfactory at Dexter, Jefferson Co., N Y., and while there accidentally\\nstepped on around piece of wood, which, turning suddenly, threw\\nhim against a 30-inch circular saw. Before he could be extricated\\nfrom his perilous position his left arm was severed to the elbow r\\njoint, his stomach cut open, three ribs broken, and his liver cut\\ninto two pieces. He was attended by Dr. Grafton, of Watertown,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0588.jp2"}, "585": {"fulltext": "om 01 EAST SAGINAW. 583\\nand Dr. Trowbridge, both excellent surgeons, and, strange to relate,\\nhe recovered rapidly, and is now perfectly well. This remarkable\\ncase was duly recorded at the time, by the medical journals of the\\nEmpire State.\\nHarlem P ye Smith, attorney at law, was born in Hartland, Liv-\\ningston Co., Mich., April 3, 1843, and is a son of Beriah G. and\\nI letaey (Gale) Smith, natives of New York. Mr. Smith assisted his\\nfather on the farm until 20 years of age, attending the district\\nschools of Hartland and the High school at Fenton. lie then entered\\ntiie University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, graduating from the\\nlaw department in the class of 67. He was admitted to the bar the\\nsam-e year, and soon after opened a law office at East Saginaw. In\\nJanuary, ls7 he formed a partnership with his brother, Irving M.\\nSmith, which relationship continued until the death of the latter in\\nIs?! 1 In connection with his law practice Mr. Smith does an ex-\\ntensive business in real estate, and in making abstracts of titles. He\\nis a member of the Republican party, and in 1881 was elected a\\nmember of the School Board. Mr. Smith was united in marriage in\\nOctober, 1n7 to xllice E., daughter of Marvin and Ellen I. (Fisher)\\nIngersol!, early pioneers of Saginaw county. Mrs. Smith is a mem-\\nber of the Baptist Church. One child has been sent to bless this\\nunion Harlan Ingersol], born Feb. 17, ls72.\\nHiram V. Smith, head sawyer at Rust s mill, South Saginaw,\\nwas born in Orleans Co., N. Y., Feb. 8, 1846. He came to Bay City\\nin 1868, and sawed for his present employers in that place for six\\nyears. He has sawed for them in the present mill for six years\\nalso. He was married July 13, 1870, to Miss Emma Slade, by whom\\nhe has had 1 children, 3 living Louis P., Wilford and Ella M.\\nThomas Steele, proprietor of the Pioneer Boiler Works of East\\nSaginaw, was born at Glasgow, Scotland, where he learned his trade,\\nserving as apprentice under Sir Robert Naples, the Queen s engi-\\nneer. In 1*44 he removed to Canada, where he remained two years.\\nDuring this period he assisted in the building of iron vessels for\\nHon. John Hamilton and Captain Sutherland. From Canada he\\nwent to Buffalo, N. Y., where he was engaged in business with\\nJohn Newman. At the expiration of two years he settled at De-\\ntroit, Mich., and for seven years served as an invaluable foreman for\\nthe firm of Kendricktfe DeGraff. In 1850 he established his present\\nbusiness at East Saginaw, in a building 20x3 feet in size. During\\nthe years 57 and 58 he controlled almost the entire trade of the\\nValley. Business increased so rapidly that he was forced to erect\\nmore commodious quarters, and the same reason in 186S compelled\\nhim to erect the present boiler shops. Mr. Steele turns out a su-\\nperior class of work, and is well patronized by the citizens of Sag-\\ninaw county and elsewhere.\\nGeorge W. Stevens, of Remington Stevens, wholesale grocers,\\nEast Saginaw, was born at Newboro, Province of Ontario, Canada,\\nJuly 3, 1845. He is a son of James B. and Elizabeth (Hartwell)\\nStevens, natives of Vermont. George was reared to manhood in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0589.jp2"}, "586": {"fulltext": "584 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nhis native land, receiving only limited educational advantages.\\nWhen young he entered the employ of John Chaffey, dealer in\\nlumberman s supplies, at Bedford Mills, Ontario, as a clerk, and\\nwas finally placed in charge of the entire business, remaining in\\nsuch position for 14 years. In 186S he came to East Saginaw, and\\nwas engaged in locating land for a short period. He subsequently\\nbecame a member of the firm of Stevens Bros., salt manufacturers.\\nSouth Saginaw, remaining there four years. In 1878, in connection\\nwith Herman Blankerts, he purchased Win. McBain s stock of\\ngroceries, and has since been engaged in that business. Mr. Stevens\\nwas married March 1, 1866, to Sarah E. Whitmarsh, a native of\\nNew York. They have 3 children George F., aged 14 years,\\nElizabeth, aged seven years, and Hattie, an infant. Mr. Stevens and\\nwife are members of the M. E. Church. Mr. S., in politics, is, to\\nuse his own expression, a a straight Republican. He is connected\\nwith the A. O. U. W., and once served as G. G. F. of the Grand\\nLodge of Michigan.\\nSames Stewart, of the firm of James Stewart Co., wholesale\\ngrocers and dealers in shingles, salt and lumbermen s supplies, East\\nSaginaw, was born at Stratford, Canada, in 1845, and the same year\\nwas taken by his parents to Detroit, Mich., where he grew to man-\\nhood and received a liberal education. In 1867 he became general\\nmanager of J. L. Hurd Co. s line of steamers, continuing as\\nsuch for several years. Mr. Stewart s father, Duncan Stewart, is\\na well-known steamboat and grain man of this State, having re-\\nsided in Detroit for 57 years. In 1872 James Stewart became estab-\\nlished in his present business at East Saginaw, and that year the\\nannual sales of the firm amounted to $200,000. At present they\\nexceed four times that sum. In 1881 the present firm commenced\\noperations, and at present control about 90 per cent, of the salt\\ntrade outside of combinations. They also are probably the largest\\ndealers in shingles in the Valley.\\nWilliam H. Sweet, of Sweet McArthur, attorneys at law, was\\nborn at New York city, in 1809. His parents were Benjamin and\\nJerusha (Halstead) Sweet, natives of Dutchess Co., 1ST. Y. William\\nremained at New York city until 11 years of age, when his parents\\nremoved to Orange Co., N. Y. Here he remained seven years, assist-\\ning his father on the farm, and attending the district school when\\nopportunity afforded. He then attended the academy at Mont-\\ngomery, N. Y., three years, and was subsequently employed as a sales-\\nman in a grocery house at New York city. He finally purchased\\nan interest in the business, where he remained four years. In 1850\\nhe caught the Western fever, and that year located in Saginaw\\nCity. He was engaged in the mercantile trade, and in connection\\nwith Franklin Millard erected a saw-mill, which the firm operated\\nfor three and a half years. In 1853 Mr. Sweet entered the law\\noffice of Judge Jabez G. Sutherland, remaining as his partner four\\nyears. In 1857 he was admitted to the bar, and continued his\\npractice at that city until 1880, when he removed to East Saginaw.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0590.jp2"}, "587": {"fulltext": "I I IV OF EAST SAGINAW. 585\\nIn January, L881, .the present partnership was formed. While\\na resident of Saginaw City Mr. Sweet was Supervisor, and\\nchairman of the Board in 1853 and L857; Prosecuting Attorney\\nfrom I860 to 1863; Mayor two terms; and a member of the School\\nBoard for seven years; located the pre ent site of the Central\\nschool building, and was largely instrumental in the erection of\\nthat maguificent structure. He was married, in 1846, to Arminda\\nTooker, a native of Orange Co., N Y. Of the 8 children\\nborn to them. 7 are living\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fred B., Clerk of Saginaw county;\\nEmma, wife or .lira S. Martin, of SaginawCity; Lawrence P.; Wil-\\nliam, clerk of the Taylor House, Saginaw City; Sumner, a resi-\\ndent of New York city; Bessie and Minnie. Harry is deceased.\\nMrs. Sweet died in 1874, and in L876 Mr. W. was united in mar-\\nriage toAnna Rogers,a native of Chemung Co., X. Y.\\nttev. Richa/rd Sweeney was horn in Johnstown, County Kil-\\nkenny. Ireland. May, 1848; attended grammar school in his\\nnative village until 15 years of age, when his father sent him to\\nthe College of Koulers. West Flanders, Belgium. He spent the\\nfirst year in acquiring a knowledge of the French tongue, to enable\\nhim to prosecute his other studies, French being the language\\nspoken in all institutions in that country. He remained in the\\ncollege four years, going through a regular course of classical\\nstudies. When these studies were completed, he entered the theo-\\nlogical department in the University of Louvain, remaining there\\nthree years, graduated, and was ordained priest in 1870. Then\\nhe returned to Ireland, visited his parents and set out for the Uni-\\nted States to report for duty to Bishop Borgess, of the .Roman\\nCatholic Diocese ot Detroit, and was assigned to the county mis-\\nsion of Silver Creek. Cass Co. He labored in this congregation\\nfor three years, when he was transferred by his bishop to take\\ncharge of the St. Joseph s congregation, where he is at present.\\nTimothy K. Tarsney, attorney at law, was born in Hillsdale Co.,\\nMich.. Feb. 4, 1849, and is a son of Timothy and Mary A. (Mur-\\nray i Tarsney, natives of Ireland, the former of whom died when\\nthe subject of this sketch was six years of age. He resided on\\nthe farm until 13 years old, receiving only the limited education\\nafforded by the district schools. At the hitter age, his mother re-\\nmoved to Hudson, Mich., and a year later, Mr. T. went to the\\nState of Tennessee. During the war he was employed by the\\nGovernment as switchman on the military railroads leading out of\\nNashville. In May. 1865, became to Michigan, and was employed\\nin a machine shop at Hudson, and a year later located at Sagi-\\nnaw City, where he was employed as engineer in the old Shattuck\\nsaw-mill. He subsequently came to East Saginaw, and obtained\\na commission as F. S. Inspector of steam and sailing vessels,\\nwhich position he occupied until 1872, sailing on the Lakes din-\\ning each summer season, and going to school in the winters. In\\nthe fall of 1870, he entered the law department of the University\\nof Michigan, from which he graduated in 1872. The following", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0591.jp2"}, "588": {"fulltext": "586 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nspring he opened a law office at East Saginaw, where he has suc-\\nceeded in obtaining a large and remunerative practice. In the\\nspring of 1S63, he was elected Justice of the Peace, but resigned a\\nyear later; was City Attorney in 1875- 6- 7, and member of School\\nBoard for four years; was Democratic nominee for Congress in\\n1880, but was defeated by R. G. Horr, the present incumbent.\\nMr. Tarsney was married, Oct. 1, 1873, to Kittie O Brien, a native\\nof Ann Arbor, Mich. Of their 3 children, 1 survives Isabel,\\nborn April 17, 1879. Paul and Katie are deceased. Mr. T. and\\nwife are members of the Roman Catholic Church.\\nScmford B. Teed, Alderman of the Eighth ward, East Saginaw,\\nwas born in Tompkins Co., N. Y., Jan. 11, 1839, and is a son of\\nTruman B. Teed. At the age of 16 he learned the painter s trade,\\nand has become very efficient. He does all kinds of work, from\\nhouse painting to sign, and fine buggy striping. In September,\\n1861, he enlisted in the U. S. army, in Co. F., 75th N. Y. Inf.\\nServing his time there he enlisted in Co. E. of the same regiment,\\nand remained until after the close of the war. lie participated in\\nthe engagements of PortgHudson, Labadieville, Cane River, Win-\\nchester, Cedar Creek, Fisher s Hill, and others. He was taken\\nprisoner at Cedar Creek, and was in Libby prison five months. He\\ncame to Bay City in 1867, and to South Saginaw in 1869. He\\nwas married March 4, 1870, to Miss Ella Davenport, by whom he\\nhas 1 son, George J.\\nCharles Ten Eyck (deceased), the founder of the firm of C. E.\\nTen Eyck, manufacturers of salt, shingles and staves, East Saginaw,\\nwas born in Rensselaer Co., N. Y., May 22, 1839. His parents were\\nJacob and Sarah (Tan Alsten) Ten Eyck, the former of whom was\\na merchant of that county. Charles attained manhood s years in\\nhis native State, and obtained his earlier education in the schools ot\\nStockbridge. His ambition was to become a proficient civil engi-\\nneer and architect, and to further that end he took a course of study\\nin the Polytechnical Institute, of Troy, 1ST. Y. Having mastered\\nthe details of his profession, in 1858, he visited Detroit, Mich., and\\nentered the office of a well-known architect of that city. In 1860\\nhe came to East Saginaw, and soon after erected a saw-mill. The\\nmanufacture of staves was made a part of the business, and in 1S61\\nhis cousin, Egbert Ten Eyck, became a member of the firm. By\\nstrict attention to business, the two brothers soon established a\\nlucrative trade, and in 1875 bored several salt wells, commencing the\\nmanufacture of that staple article. In 1 864 Mr. Ten Eyck was united\\nin marriage to Isabella, daughter of William and Caroline (Smith)\\nDollbeer, a native of Wyoming Co., N. Y. Two children were born\\nto this union Alfred and Charles D. Mr. Ten Eyck officiated as a\\nmember of the School Board and Common Council of East Saginaw,\\nand was recognized as a man of undeniable integrity and spotless\\ncharacter. He departed this life at Denver, Col., aged 37 years.\\nBradley M. Thompson, attorney at law. was born at Milford,\\nOakland Co., Mich., April 16, 1835, and is a son of Robert M. and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0592.jp2"}, "589": {"fulltext": "CITY OF EAST SAGINAW. 587\\nMaria (Short) Thompson, father a native of Vermont, mother of New\\nYork. Mr. Thompson entered the l terary department of the\\nUniversity of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, from which he graduated\\nin 1858, and from the law department in the class of I860. He\\nsubsequently came to East Saginaw and opened a law office. In\\nthe fall of L862 he enlisted in Co. G., 7th Mich. Caw, as Captain,\\nand at the close of the war was discharged as Brevet Lieut.-Col. He\\nthen went to Milford, Mich., where he remained during 1866 7,\\nand since then has been a resident of this city. He was City\\nAttorney in L874- 6, and in the spring of 1877 was elected Mayor of\\nEast Saginaw, serving two terms. He was nominated by the\\nDemocratic party for Congressman from the 8th district in 1S78\\nbut was defeated by the present incumbent, R. G. Horr. Mr\\nThompson was married in 1860 to Marianne Lind, of Ann Arbor\\na native of London, Eng. They have 2 children Isadore and\\nGuv 15. Mr. T. and wife are members of the Episcopal Church.\\nJames Tolhert, manufacturer and dealer in lumber, lath, shingles\\nand hard woods, East Saginaw, was born in Steuben Co., N. Y.,\\nand from his youth has been more or less identified with the lum-\\nber traffic. In 1*63 he began business at East Saginaw with rather\\nlimited means, and his success has been both remarkable and\\nagreeably surprising. He first purchased a small tract of timbered\\nland in Tuscola countv, the logs from which wave him his first\\nstart in life. As his means accumulated he invested in farming\\nlands, and the first year cut 962,000 feet of lumber, which sold for\\n87. sU and $34 per thousand feet. Mr. Tolbert owns over 13,000\\nacres of pine and farming lands, and deals extensively in all kinds\\nof lumber.\\nGeorge Van Vliet, proprietor livery stable on Tuscola, between\\nCass and Jefferson streets. East Saginaw, was born in Seneca\\ncounty, ^s. Y., June 12, 1853. He was reared on a farm, and\\nattended the district schools until 16 years of age. In the fall of\\n1873 he came to this city and entered the employment of Harvey\\nColeman, with whom he remained two years. He was engaged\\nwith Root Medley, liquor dealers, four years, and with C. Mer-\\nrill Co. two and a half years. He began business for himself\\non June 18, 1881, and has succeeded in obtaining a large share of\\nill-\\nthe public patronage.\\nWtUiam Lewis Webber, Land Commissioner and General Solicitor\\nof the F. P. M. R. R., residence East Saginaw, was born in\\ngden tp.. Monroe Co., X. Y., July 10. 1825. His parents were\\nlames S. and Phoebe (Smith) Webber; father a native of Maine,\\nmother of the State of New York. In 1836 James S. Webber\\nremoved with his family to Hartland tp., Livingston Co., Mich.,\\nlocating on a farm which he had previously entered at the Gov-\\nernment land office at Detroit. Here William L. Webber remained,\\nassisting his father in clearing and working the farm, attending\\nschools in winter and pursuing his studies at home, with the assist-\\nance of an elder brother, as opportunity offered, his principal", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0593.jp2"}, "590": {"fulltext": "588 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nstudies being algebra, geometry, mensuration, natural philosophy\\nand chemistry. He pursued these studies largely under the tuition\\nof an old friend. Charles Ross (since deceased), who possessed\\nsuperior educational faculties, his principal forte being mathemat-\\nics. For his disinterested kindness Mr. Webber cherishes his\\nmemory with respect and affection. In 1844- 5, Mr. W. taught a\\nschool in the neighborhood. In the latter year occurred the death\\nof his mother, which had the effect of the final separation of the\\nfamily. His brother, James Z. Webber, died in 1847. William\\nresolved to study medicine, and to that end entered the office of\\nFoote Mowry, Milford, Oakland Co.. Mich., where he remained\\ntwo years, and then abandoned it for the law. In 1848 he opened\\na select school at Milford, which lie continued for two years. In\\n1851 he was admitted to the bar, and soon after opened a law office\\nat Milford. The same year he visited East Saginaw for the first\\ntime, and was so favorably impressed with the prospects that he\\nresolved as soon as circumstances would admit, to make it his\\nfuture home. On March 15, 1853, he opened an office at East\\nSaginaw. In June, 185T, John J. Wheeler entered into partner-\\nship with him under the firm name of Webber cV: Wheeler, which\\nrelation continued till Dec. 31, 1860. In 1863 Irving M.Smith\\nformed a co-partnership with Mr. Webber in the law business.\\nand remained with him until the close of 1869. When the F. A:\\nP. M. R. R, was being constructed in 1850, Mr. Webber acted as\\nits solicitor, and that relation continued until March 1, 1870, when\\nhe was also appointed Land Commissioner. He then gave up his\\ngeneral law practice, and since the latter date has given his\\nexclusive attention to the business of the law and land\\ndepartments of that road, officiating as a Director of the\\ncompany since 1864. In politics Mr. Webber has always been a\\nDemocrat. From 1854 to 1856 he served as Circuit Court\\nCommissioner of this county, and was subsequently elected\\nProsecuting Attorney. In the spring of 1874, he was elected\\nMayor of East Saginaw, and in the fall of the same year was chosen\\nto represent this district in the State Senate. Before the fact was\\ndemonstrated, and while it was only suspected that salt existed at\\nSaginaw, Mr. Webber drafted the Bounty Bill, which was passed\\nby the Legislature during the session of 1850, being a bill to en-\\ncourage the manufacture of salt. Hon. James Birney, now l T S.\\nMinister at the Hague, was then State Senator from this district,\\nand the bill was sent to him, and largely by his efforts, passed the\\nSenate. Immediately after the passage of the bill, Mr. Webber\\nprepared a subscription list, and in two days time had secured suf-\\nficient stock subscriptions to organize a company for the manufac-\\nture of salt. The subscribers met, and organized as a corporation\\nunder the manufacturing laws of the State, as the East Saginaw\\nSalt Manufacturing Company, They immediately bored an experi-\\nmental well at East Saginaw, 670 feet in depth, and the existence\\nof brine in large quantities, and its value for salt-making purposes\\nwere satisfactorily demonstrated. Mr. Webber was Secretary and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0594.jp2"}, "591": {"fulltext": "CIT? OF EAST SAGINAW. v\\na Director in the company for several years. At the National\\nDemocral Convention at St. Louis, in 1876, Mr. Webber was Chair-\\nman of the Michigan delegation, and introduced a resolution,\\nadopted by the convention, recommending the abolition of the\\nBo-called two-thirds rule He was the nominee on the Democrat\\nticket tor Governor in the fall of l s 7\u00c2\u00bb and received more votes\\nthan had been previously cast for the successful candidate for that\\noffice in the State, and more votes thangiven to the Presidential\\nElectors on the same ticket. Mr. Webber became a member of\\nSaginaw Lodge No. 77. F. A. M., of East Saginaw, in 1855, the\\nyear of its organization. Norman Little was first, W. L. P. Little\\nsecond, and Mr. Webber the third member initiated into the lodge.\\nThe two former being dead. Mr. Webber is the oldest Saginaw-\\nmade Mason now living. He was Master of this lodge three years;\\nwas made a R. A. M. in Washington Chapter, at Flint, and in\\n1864, was a charter member of Saginaw Valley Chapter, No. 31,\\nlocated at East Saginaw, serving as High Priest for three years.\\nIn 1869 he was elected Grand High Priest of the Grand Chapter\\nof Michigan. In L874 was elected Grand Master of the Grand\\nLodge of F. A. M., of Michigan; is also a member of St. Ber-\\nnard Com., No. L6, of Knights Templar, and was Eminent Com.\\none year. He united with the 1. F. in 1847. Mr. Webber\\nhas taken great interest in the promotion of the agricultural inter-\\nest- of the Saginaw Valley and Northern Michigan. He has been\\nconnected with the Executive Boards of the State Pomological\\nSociety, and the State Agricultural Society, and was elected Presi-\\ndent of the latter in L878.\\nWilliam L. Webber as a business man, is prompt, methodical,\\nand exact; as a lawyer, he ranks among the first in the State; as a\\nman. is generous, sympathetic, social and the very soul of honor\\nand integrity. lie was married in October, 1849, to Nancy M.\\nWithington, only daughter of Edward and Nancy (Monk) Witning-\\nton, of Springwater, Livingston county, N. V. They have 2\\ndaughters\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Florence Ann, born at Milford, Mich., in 1850, mar-\\nried to James B. Peter, of Fast Saginaw, in 1873, and Frances E.,\\nwho was born in 1854.\\nWiche8 Bms.. founders and machinists, Fast Saginaw, for-\\nmerly of the firm of II. W. Wood Co.. and was composed of II.\\nW. Wood, II. D and F. N. Wickes. This firm was established at\\nFlint, Mich., in L854, where they remained until 1860. They then\\nremoved to this city, and erected a building 35x150 feet in size,\\none-story high, on the site of the present establishment. They\\nemployed 36 men, but business increased so rapidly that they were\\nsoon forced to erect larger and more commodious facilities for their\\never increasing trade. Their buildings are located on Water street,\\nwhere they manufacture gang-saws, and ail kinds of engine work.\\nThey employ over 75 men in their business, and the machinery\\nmanufactured finds a ready sale throughout the Northwestern\\nState-. II. I). Wickes, of the firm, was horn in Yates county, X.\\nV.. and learned his trade at IVnn Van. in the same State.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0595.jp2"}, "592": {"fulltext": "590 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nWilliam Williamson, leading blacksmith ol East Saginaw, was\\nborn in Canada, April 30, 1848. He came to East Saginaw in\\n1859, and worked as a common laborer until 1863, when lie began\\nlearning his trade with his brother Henry, in the same place where\\nhe now works. In the spring of 1871 he bought his brother s lots\\nand shop, etc., and began for himself. In 1873 he erected a two-\\nstory brick shop, 60x32 feet, in which are carried on all kinds of\\nship work, saw-mill and salt-works blacksmithing, and general\\nblacksmithing. He erected an addition in 1881, 30x22 feet, in\\nwhich he has an engine, used for cutting bolts, drilling, etc. On\\nthe second floor he does steam and gas-pipe fitting. Mr. William-\\nson s work in each department is first-class. He was married in\\n1876, to Miss Abbie E. Hawley, by whom he has had 3 children,\\n1 living, viz. Abbie C. Mrs. Williamson died Nov. 16, 1879.\\nJoseph M. Wilson, physician, in Meyers Block, Washington\\navenue, East Saginaw, was born in York county, near Toronto, Can-\\nada, Sept. 24, 1851, and is of Scotch-Irish ancestry. He attended\\nthe schools of York county until 15 years of age and completed\\nhis literary education at the Victoria University, where he re-\\nmained four years and also studied the preliminary course in the-\\nology. He was engaged in teaching several years, and in 1873\\nentered McGill Medical College, of Montreal, from which he grad-\\nuated in the spring of 1877. He practiced in the hospitals one\\nyear. He came to East Saginaw June 21, 1878, and has built up\\n|iiite an extensive practice. He was married Oct. 17, 1878, to\\nAlfaretta, daughter of William and Flora (Sterks) Willis, a native\\nof Canada. Thev have one bonnie lad, Herodotus R., born\\nNov. 12, 1880.\\nFred. Zarnko was born in Mecklenburg, Germany, in 1827;\\nhis father, Fredrick, sr., followed tobacco-growing, employing a\\nlarge number of men. In 1856 Fred, jr., emigrated to America,\\ncoming direct to Saginaw Co. His first purchase was a lot now lo-\\ncated on 5th street, which was then in the woods. Upon this he\\nbuilt a small house, having to carry the lumber three blocks on his\\nback, a team being unable to get through on account of water. In\\n1872 he moved to the corner of 9th and Wardsworth streets, where\\nhe opened a general grocery store. In 1856 he was married to\\nMiss Augusta Berrion, her father being a large woolen manufacturer\\nin Russia. Of the family of 6 children 4 are living Bertha,\\nAlice, Georgie and Albert. Mr. Z. is one of the old citizens to\\nwhom much credit is due for his energy and public-spiritedness\\nexhibited at an early day.\\nE. Zechel, merchant tailor, East Saginaw, is a native of Bohe-\\nmia, Germany, and came to America in 1853. He first located in\\nNew York city where he found employment as a journeyman.\\nMr. Zechel came to East Saginaw in 1876, and for four years was\\nemployed by Frank Wilkins as a cutter. In 1880 he established\\nhis present business, and ranks among the most skillful of his\\ntrade. He was married at New York City, April 19, 1858, to\\nJosephine Lauer, a native of Bavaria. Of their 3 children,\\none is living Albert, born Feb. 9, 1874.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0596.jp2"}, "593": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW TOWNSHIP.\\nIn the compilation of this work every subject of importance lias\\nbeen taken from, or compared with, the records, and the unwrit-\\nten, or legendary, submitted to the pioneers for confirmation. In\\nmany cases extracts have been made from the writings of the most\\nprominent men among the old settlers because the times which\\nthey passed in review, and the exquisite manner in which they\\ntreated their subjects, tended to render their reminiscences invalu-\\nable, if not absolutely necessary for a complete history. Doubtless\\nmany important events are omitted in the county history; but it\\nwill appear that such, being so intimately connected with Saginaw\\nCity, receive a full notice in the pages devoted to this division of\\nthe county. The biographical chapters are not the least interest-\\ning. They necessarily comprise much historical matter, and as the\\nlives of the men brought under notice are entwined closely with\\nthe progress of the county, so also do their biographies com-\\nmingle with history, and, combined, form subject matter at once\\nentertaining and instructive.\\nThe history of the Churches contains much valuable informa-\\ntion. It bears important testimony to the activity of the times,\\nand proves that the spiritual matters progressed evenly with the\\ntemporal. Comparatively few years have elapsed since the God of\\nChristians was worshiped under two or three different forms.\\nNow, no less than .30 religious societies adore Him in 30 different\\nways within the cities. There is, however, one consolatory reflec-\\ntion, and that is the beautiful fraternity which binds all the denom-\\ninations together and gives them promise of a continuance of\\nfriendship in the land of the hereafter.\\nThe schools are treated very briefly in the history of the county.\\nThis is entirely due to their identification with the cities and town-\\nships, in which connection the reader will find that full informa-\\ntion regarding them, which educational establishments so well\\ndeserve. Without the Church and school all would be darkness;\\nignorance would rule supreme, and man s ideal would return to\\nthat primitive condition from which the Church and school gradu-\\nally raised them. The great industrial establishments of the city\\nand township hold a prominent place, while the pioneer and social\\nhistory is given in a comparatively full form, which may insure\\nits welcome.\\nTHE NAME.\\nThe origin of the name Saginaw is so doubtful that many of\\nthe early settlers differ much in opinion regarding it, and more\\nparticularly in the application of the name to this portion of the\\n(591)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0597.jp2"}, "594": {"fulltext": "592 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncountry. 0-3ag-e-nung, or the land of the Osagees, comprised the\\nvalleys of all the Northeastern rivers, but the name was generally-\\napplied to that portion included within the boundaries of Saginaw\\ncounty as laid off in 1822.\\nThe land now included in Saginaw township, as well as that on\\nwhich Saginaw City is built, was called by the aborigines Pashaw-\\nning, or Pay-shue-e ning, and by some bands of the Otchipwes\\nTchig-aii-nin-bew-in, the former meaning the first camping-ground,\\ncoming from the rivers above, and the latter close by the\\ncamp.\\nAt the same time they called the land where East Saginaw\\nnow stands, Tik-wak-baw-hawning, or Hickory Place, and the\\ndistrict once known as Lower Saginaw, Nesh-ko-ta-yonnk, or\\ncoming in from the Bay. Tik-wak-baw-hawning was bounded\\non the north by Waig-hawning creek and the district was known\\nto the Indians by that name for long years after the township of\\nBuena Yista was organized. In the same manner the sons of the\\nforest adhered to all the old names, such as Tittabawasaig, par-\\nallel with the bay; Shiawasaig, flowing from the South;\\nMatchisebing, bad stream; Pe-wan-ne-go-se-bing, Flint river;\\nNotawasibing, Cass river, and Shawesh-kawning, South creek.\\nThat the site of the present city of Saginaw was the Ke-pay-sho-\\nwink of the Osagees, cannot be questioned; but it must also be\\nremembered that the Great Camp, or Kepayshowink, of these\\nwandering bands did not hold the same position in summer as in\\nwinter, so that he who relies upon Indian legends simply, and\\nwithout further inquiry, might associate the summer camp on the\\nlake shore with the winter camp of the interior. Both were great\\ncamps; the first and principal one held the site of the present city;\\nthe second, or summer camp, was north of Nesh-ko-ta-younk;\\nthe former was the first camp reached in coining in from the North-\\nwest by the Tittabawasaig and the southern and southeastern\\nrivers, the latter the first in coming down from the lake. In winter\\nthe Bay-shore camp was called Tchigaiinibewin by travelers as\\nbeing close by the great camp, and in summer a reversal of\\nterms was simply used to denote that the upper camp was the\\nplace close by. For years those terms were fully appreciated,\\nand indeed continued in use until immediately prior to the war of\\n1812, when the fur traders began to visit the district. Those men\\ndid not particularly attend to the varied nomenclature of their In-\\ndian friends; it was unnecessary for them to do so in regard to\\nplaces, as they made the center of the O-sag-e-nung district\\ntheir headquarters and were well pleased to know it by that general\\nname. Other traders arrived at the Indian camp, and all followed\\nthe example set by the first, until, in the course of a very few years,\\nthe term Osagenung was applied to that location on the banks\\nof the Saginaw where the winter camp was built, and the name\\nbecame so general among French and Indians that the first French\\nmissionaries, as well as the early American traders of Detroit, ven-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0598.jp2"}, "595": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW TOWNSHIP\\n59:\\\\\\nturedj further to simplify it by naming the place Saginaw.\\nThenceforth it was destined to be the only memento of the decay-\\ning race, as well as the fountain head of the mineral, timber and\\nagricultural wealth of the O-sag-e-nnng country.\\nORGANIZATION OF THE TOWNSHIP.\\nThe act organizing the township of the county of Saginaw took\\neffect April 4, 1831, when, at a meeting of the few citizens then\\nsettled round the old treaty ground, held at the deserted military\\npost, Gardner D. Williams was elected to represent the township\\non the County Board of Oakland; Ephraim S. Williams was elected\\nTownship Clerk; A. W. Bacon, Treasurer; David Stanard and G.\\n1). Williams, Justices by appointment; David Stanard, Eleazer\\nJewett and Charles McLean, Overseers of the three districts, Sag-\\ninaw, Green Point and Tittabawasaig. Eleazer Jewett was ap-\\npointed Deputy Surveyor of Oakland county the same year. This\\nwas the beginning of the end. That modest Township Board ad-\\nministered the civic affairs of a territory larger than many Euro-\\npean provinces, and accomplished its duties so well that within\\nfour years the Territorial Legislative Council organized the district\\nas a county. The township officials from 1831 to 1881 are named\\nin the following lists:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nGardner D. Williams 1831-3\\nWm.F. Mosley 1S34\\nG. T). Williams ...1835\\nE. N. Davenport 1836\\nJeremiah Riggs 1837- 41\\nHiram L. Miller 1842\\nGardner D. Williams 184:!- 4\\nCharles S. Palmer 1845\\nAlbert Miller 1846\\nNelson Smith 1847- 8\\nDion Birney l849- 50\\nJabez G Sutherland 1851\\nFranklin Millard 1853\\nWilliam H. Sweet 1*53\\nHiram L. Miller 1854\\nHiram S. Penoyer 1855\\nlardner I). Williams 1856\\nAnthony R. Swarthout 1857\\nJoseph Babcock. f 1858\\nWeston G. Elmer 1859\\nThomas L. Jackson 1860-\\nGeorge Davenport (to fill va-\\ncancy) 1864\\nRobert Ure 1865\\nJohn Fisher 7 1866-\\nRobert Ure 1870\\nJohn C. Spaeth 1871\\nEdward O Donnell 1872\\nJohn Ure 1873\\nJohn C. Spaeth 1874-\\nEdward O Donnell 1878-\\nJohn C. Spaeth 1880\\nEdward O Donnell 1881\\nCLERK8.\\nEphraim S. Williams ls31- 9\\nWilliam McDonald 1840- l\\nHorace 8. Beach 1842\\nJohn P. Rigga 1S43\\nEleazer Jewett 1844\\nGeorge Davie 1845\\nR^yal W. .lenney 1^46\\nSherman Wheeler 1847\\nRoyal W. Jennev 1848\\nJames P. Ghamberlin 1849\\nPeter Lane 1850\\noe Garratt 1851- 2\\nJohn A. Gibson 1853\\nJames X. Gotee 1854\\nHarvey C.Weston 1855\\nJerome II. Gotee 1856\\nJoseph Babcock 1857\\nJohn M. Hiesredt 1858- 9\\nA. R. Swarthout 1860-76\\nFrank MaDion 1877- 8l", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0599.jp2"}, "596": {"fulltext": "594\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTREASURERS.\\nA. W. Bacon 1831\\nDuncan McLellan l832- 8\\nWilliam McDonald 1839\\nCharles T. Palmer 1840\\nWilliam McDonald 1841\\nEliel B-rbour 1842\\nElijah N. Davenport 1843- 7\\nShu-man Wheeler 1848- 9\\nThomas Simpson 1850\\nPeter Lane 1851\\nJoshua Blackmore 1852- 3\\nWillard Packard 1854\\nJohn A.Gibson 1855- 6\\nThomas L. Jacks n 1857- 9\\nEdward Barks 1860- 3\\nJohn Fisher 1864- 5\\nEdward O Donnell .1866- 8\\nJames McCarty 1869\\nGeorge Doualas 1870\\nEdward O Donnell 1871\\nJohn Lindner 1872- 6\\nGeorge II. Smith 1877- 8\\nChristian Hemmeter 1879- 80\\nChristian Wartemburg 1881\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nDavid Stanard 1831-\\nGardner D. Williams 1831-\\nThomas Simpson 1832-\\nWilliam F. Mosley 1833-\\nAndrew TJre 1834-\\nAlbert Miller 1834-\\nGaidner D. Williams 1834-\\nAbram Whitney (to till vacancy)1836\\n,1 eremiah Riggs 1837-\\nAndrew Ure (to rill vacancy). .1837-\\nSidney S. Campbell (to fill va-\\ncancy) 1838\\nDavid Lyon 1839\\nNoah Btach 1841\\nEdmund B. Bow 1844-\\nEliel Barbour 1845-\\nlliram L. Miller 1846-\\nJerome B. Garland 1847-\\nCoeGarratt 1850\\nCharles D. Little 1851-\\nMichael C. T. Plessner 1853-\\nElleazer Jewett (to fill vacancyl853\\nDion Birney 1854-\\nAugustus S. Gaylord 1855-\\nHarvey C. Weston (to fill va-\\ncancy) 1855\\nCharles D. Little 1856-\\nChristian Ulrick 1857-\\nWeston G. Elmer 1858-\\nThomas C. Ripley 1858-\\nWilliam Seidel 1860- l\\nCharles C. Batchelor (to fill va-\\ncancy) 1860- 2\\nFrederick Gcessmann 1861- 5\\nPhineas Williams 1861\\nEdward O Donnell 1862-\\nCharles E. Batchelor 1863-\\nE. E. Litchfield 1864\\nJames Vere 1865-\\nFrederick Pistorious 1865-\\nWilliam M. Smith 1866-\\nWeston G. Elmer 1867-\\nEdward O Donnell 1867-\\nJames McCarty 1868-\\nJohn Lintner (to fill vacancy). .1868-\\nWeston G. Elmer 1 869-\\nSeth T. Hall (to fill vacancy). .1869-\\nJames Anderson 1870-\\nHiramBraley 1871-\\nJohn Zimmerman 1871-\\nJames McCarty 1872\\nJohn Fischer 1875-\\nJohn Monnaghan 1876-\\nWilliam Shattuck 1878-\\nJohn Lindner (to fill vacancy). .1878-\\nFrancis McKenna 1879-\\nAngust Otto (to fill vacancy) 1879-\\nLewis S. Wallace .1881\\nJohn Zimmerman (to fill va-\\ncancy) 1881\\n4\\n6\\n7\\n5\\n9\\n8\\n70\\n8\\n81\\n72\\n9\\n73\\n71\\n4\\n5\\n6\\n80\\n82\\n9\\n83\\n84\\n5\\nTHE PURCHASERS OF TOWNSHIP LANDS.\\nThe first entries of lands, lying in this county, were made in\\nthe U. S. Land Office, Sept. 19, 1822, by Charles Little, compris-\\ning a portion of section 13; by Jonathan Kearsley, comprising a\\nquarter of section 31; by McCloskey and Farley, comprising a\\nportion of section 25; and by Louis Campean, Sept. 30, compris-\\ning a portion of section 24. In 1823 Justin Smith entered lands\\non section 21. For some years the coming of the immigrants was\\nslow indeed the stories of the garrison went abroad, and deterred\\nmany, who had actually set out from their Eastern homes with the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0600.jp2"}, "597": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY.\\n595\\nintent of settling here, from carrying out their purpose. However,\\nthe organization of the township and the assurances of men, who\\nexplored the wilderness, tended to attract attention once more to\\nthe Valley; the people flocked hither in large numbers, so that the\\ndistrict was organized as a county only a short time when every\\nsection of the laud now comprised in the township may be said to\\nhave been in possession of an occupying tenant or proprietor. The\\nchange which has taken place even since the last TJ. S. patent\\nissued, granting the last acre of Government lands within the town-\\nship, viz., a portion of section six. to Louis Trombley, Oct. 19,\\nL854, is remarkable; the change since the main portion of the land\\nwas purchased in 1836, extraordinary. In the latter year the peo-\\nple lived in the shade of the great pines; clearances were few and\\nsmall; green fields were not to be seen, except where the meadow-\\nmarsh appeared where the lakes of spring extended; houses were\\ntew. and primitive in appearance; the people saw surrounding\\nthem a great and valuable forest, and were just beginning to util-\\nize it when the financial crisis cast its shadow of gloom over the\\nland: two saw-mills were in operation, one of which contained a\\nrun of stone or corn-crackers, and both machinery for sawing lum-\\nber; Indians of a truly barbarous character were everywhere;\\nnature was still uncultivated, save where the pioneers made their\\ncentral village; everything was wild and rude. A few more years\\nand the face of the country presented wide fields and happy home-\\nsteads; the central village grew important in the character of its\\nbuildings; the remembrancer of the forest the trading-post\u00e2\u0080\u0094 dis-\\nappeared; the Indians died away, or were transferred to their\\nreserves; everything assumed a look of importance, and men s minds\\nwere directed to great enterprises and high hopes. The lands hitherto\\npurchased were being stripped of their heavy timber clothing-,.\\nsaw-mills sprung into existence, and thus was the farm cleared, and\\nthe river valley capped with industrial concerns.\\nMany of the first land-buyers were ranked among the most in-\\ndustrious and enterprising citizens; the greater number of them\\nremained in the district where they settled, and taking an active\\npart with the leaders of the commercial movement, shared with\\nthem in the honors of old settlership. In the following list the\\nnames of the patentees of all the lands in the township, sold by\\nthe general Government, are given, with the section and date of\\nentry:\\nIsaac Van Olinda, sec. 1, July 15, 1836.\\nDaniel Johnson, sec. 2, Oct. 19, 1854.\\nJoel B. Bennett, sec 2, Nov. 21, 1836.\\nI Birdwell, sec 2, Oct. 11, 1854.\\nIsaac Van Olinda. sec. 2. July 15, 1836.\\nJohn Barton, Bee. 0. Nov. 10, 1836.\\nRalph Wright, sec. Xov. 22, 1836.\\nWilliam Smith, sec. 3, Nov. 21, 1836.\\nFrancis Anderson, sec. 3, Jan. 16, 1837.\\nSila Leighton,sec 3, Oct 13,1836.\\nGeorge W. Brace, sec. 3, Oct. 18, 1854.\\nAlfred B. Lane, sec. 3, Sept. 1, 1854.\\n36\\nFrancis Anderson, sec. 3, Sept. 1, 1854.\\nAlexander Lee, sec. 4, March 23, 1837.\\nJoseph Adams, sec. 4, July 15, 1836.\\nAndrew Middleton, sec. 4, Sept. 15, 1837.\\nIsaac Frost, sec. 4, Feb. 15, 1836.\\nEliaa H. Herrick, sec. 4, Feb. 15, 1836.\\nElias H. Herrick, sec. 5, Feb. 5, 1836.\\nZenas D. Bassett, sec. 5, June 24, 1836.\\nMathew Cobb, sec. 5. June 24, 1836.\\nJoseph Adams, sec. 5, July 15, 1836.\\nIra Cuther, sec. 6, Oct. 18, 1854.\\nT. M. Howell, sec. 6, Aug. 24, IPS", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0601.jp2"}, "598": {"fulltext": "596\\nHI6T0KY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nLouis Tromblev, sec. 6, Oct. 19, 1854.\\nAlex. H. Howell, sec. 6, Aug. 24,1836.\\nThomas M. Howell, sec. 7, Aug. 24, 1836.\\nL. Richmond, sec. 7, Aug. 24, 1836.\\nAlex. H. Howell, sec. 7, Aug. 24, 1836.\\nCharles H. Carroll, sec 7. Juue 22, 1836.\\nWilliam T. Carroll, sec 7, Juue 22, 1836.\\nCharles H. Carroll, sec. 8. June 22, 1836.\\nWm. T. Carroll, sec. 8, June 22, 1836.\\nGeorge Marshall, sec. 8, June 6, 1836.\\nG. D. Williams, sec. 8, Feb. 16, 1836.\\nE S Williams, sec. 8, Feb. 16, 1836.\\nJesse Tuxbury, sec. 8, May 21,1836.\\nIsaac Frost, sec. 9, Feb. 15, 1836.\\nHenry Stringham, sec 9, Feb. 18, 1836.\\nHarvey Williams, sec. 9, Feb. 16, 1836.\\nJacob *B. Herrick, sec. 10, Feb. 15, 1836.\\nAllen Ayrault, sec. 11, Feb. 23, 1836.\\nNorman Little, sec. 11, Feb. 23, 1836.\\nAllen Ayrault, sec. 12, Feb. 23, 1836.\\nNorman Little, sec. 12, Feb. 23, 1836.\\nD H Fitzhugh, sec 12, June 13, 1835.\\nLittle Charles, sec. 13, Sept. 19, 1822.\\nJustin Smith, sec. 13, May 19, 1824.\\nWm. H. Rhodes, sec. 13, Oct. 6, 1834.\\nD. II. Fitzhugh, sec.13, June 13,1835.\\nE. N. Davenport, sec. 13, June 25, 183 i.\\nA R. Swarthout, sec. 14, Oct. 2, 1835.\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec. 14, Oct. 23, 1835.\\nT. H. Newbold, sec. 14, June 13, 1835.\\nH. G. Hotchkiss, sec. 15, Jan. 4, 1836.\\nL. B. Hotchkiss, sec 15, Jan. 4, 1836.\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec. 15, Oct. 23, 1835.\\nEdwin Rose, sec, 17, March 15, 1836.\\nH. Stringham, sec. 17, March 15, 1836.\\nC. H.Carroll, sec. 17, June 29,1836.\\nWm T. Carroll, sec. 17, June 29, 1836.\\nHenry Stringham, sec. 17, March 4, 1836.\\nBenj. McLellan, sec. 17, Dec 10, 1835.\\nPeter A. Cowdrev, sec, 17, Oct. 23, 1835.\\nA. L. Whitney, sec. 18, May, 17, 1824.\\nT. Chappel, sec 18, May 17, 1824.\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec. 18, Oct. 23, 1835.\\nC. H. Carroll, sec. 18, June 22, 1836.\\nWilliam T. Carroll, sec 18, June 22,1836.\\nCharles H. Rodd, sec. 18, Aug. 6, 1835.\\nA. L. AVhitney, sec 19, May 17, 1S24.\\nTurner Chappel, sec. 19, May 17, 1824.\\nDuncan McLellan, sec. 19, Dec. 15, 1829.\\nGrovener Vinton, sec. 19, Feb. 5, 1830.\\nG.D. Williams, sec 19, Feb. 16, 1832.\\nE. S. Williams, sec. 19, Feb. 16, 1832.\\nA. R. Swarthout, sec. 20, Oct. 2,1835.\\nDuncan McLellan, sec. 20, Dec 10, 1835.\\nPeter A Cowdrey, sec 20, Oct. 23, 1835.\\nWilliam Churchill, sec 20, Feb. 22, 1836.\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec 21, Oct. 23, 1835.\\nA. R. Swarthout, sec. 21, Oct. 2, 1835.\\nG. Williams, sec. 21, Nov. 17, 1835.\\nBenjamin Clapp, sec 21, Nov. 17, 1835.\\nGeorge Young, sec. 21, Jan. 15, 1836.\\nOrisson Allen, sec. 21, Feb. 15, 1836.\\nAlbert S. Allen, sec. 21, Feb. 15, 1836.\\nC H. Carroll, sec 22, June 13, 1835.\\nD. II. Fitzhugh, sec. 22, June 13, 1835.\\nMcCloskey Farley, sec 23, Sept. 21,\\n1822.\\nJustin Smith sec. 23, May 31, 1833.\\nC. H. Carroll, sec 23, June 13, 1835.\\nD. H. Fitzhugh, sec. 23, June 13, 1835.\\nLittle Charley, sec 24, Sept. 19, 1822.\\nMcCloskey Farley, sec. 24, Sept 19,\\n1822.\\nLewis Campeau, jr., sec. 24, Sept. 30,\\n1822.\\nJustin Smith, sec, 24, May 31, 1823.\\nMcCloskev Farley, sec. 25, Sept. 19,\\n1822.\\nLittle Charley, sec 25, Sept. 21, 1822.\\nS. W. Dexter, sec. 26, June 18, 1825.\\nJames Abbott, sec. 26, June. 18, 1825.\\nD. II. Fitzhugh, sec. 27, June 13,1835.\\nJames Frazer, sec 27, Sept. 26, 1833.\\nAnthony H. Carter, sec, 27, Oct, 3. 1833.\\nEdward A. Leroy,sec 27, June 13, 1835.\\nEdwin Herrick, sec. 28. July 11, 1835.\\nAllen Ayrault, sec. 29, Feb. 23, 1826.\\nNorman Little, sec 29, Feb. 23, 1826.\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec. 29, Oct. 23, 1835.\\nTrumbull Cary, sec. 29, Oct. 21, 1835.\\nTurner Chappel, sec. 30, May 17, 1824.\\nHermann Ladd, sec 30, May 17, 1824.\\nJon. K arsley, sec. 31. Sept. 19, 1822.\\nHenry C. West, sec 31, April 6, 1830.\\nJames Frazer, sec. 31, Dec. 9, 1833.\\nSept 21, and\\nOct. 15, 1835. and\\nOct. 12, 1836.\\nNorman Little, sec. 31, Aug. 25, 1836.\\nTurner Chappel, sec. 32, May 17, 1824.\\nCharles Little, sec. 32, May*I7, 1824.\\nLadd Little, sec. 32, June 18, 1825.\\nLittle Charley, sec. 32, Sept, 19, 1822.\\nTurner Chappel, sec. 33, May 17, 1824.\\nCharles Little, sec. 33, May 17, 1824.\\nHermann Ladd, sec. 33, Mav 17, 1824.\\nCharles Little sec. 34, May 17, 1824.\\nHermann Ladd, sec. 34, May 17, 1824.\\nLadd Little, sec. 34, June 18, 1825.\\nG.D. Williams, sec. 34, June 9, 1835.\\nE. S. Williams, sec 34, June 9, 1835.\\nD. H. Fitzhugh, sec 34. June 13, 1835.\\nLittle Charley, sec. 35, Sept. 19, 1822.\\nFales fc Heville, sec. 35, Jan. 6, 1823.\\nLittle Charley, sec. 35, Jan. 6, 1823.\\nElon Farnsworth, sec 36, June 8, 1835.\\nCarolus A. Stebbins, sec. 36, Oct. 8, 1833.\\nS. H. Henick, sec. 36, June 11, 1835.\\nC. A. Stebbins, sec. 36, Feb. 25, 1835.\\nSAGINAW CITY.\\nOwing to the part played by the village of Saginaw in the\\nhistory of the township of the county of Saginaw, that extended", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0602.jp2"}, "599": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 597\\nQOtice which it deserves is given to it in the pages of the county\\nhistory yet, in treating it as a portion of the county, many brief\\nbut important events, connected especially withitas a village,\\nand in later days a a city, have been passed over, so that they\\nwould appear precisely wnere they pertain. As the village was\\nthe principal fastness of the Indians oi the Yalley, even as it is now\\nthe political center of the county, it is not too much to state that it\\nformed one of the first points to attract the attention of the French\\nmissionaries and subsequently of the trappers, hunters and traders\\nof Frontenac and Detroit. To pass over the era of the French pio-\\nneers, then, would not be just, because they came here when the\\nuntamed savage nature of the inhabitants and all the difficulties\\nattendant on travel in those days placed obstacles in their way,\\nwhich c \u00c2\u00bbuhl only be overcome by them; and to them is due, in a\\ngreal measure, the comparative ease with which the treaties were\\nnegotiated and their articles enforced.\\nEARLY VISITORS.\\nIt is impossible to fix the date when the Jesuit missionaries\\nleft their rude monastery, by the shore of Lake Iroquois, for a\\nisit to the Otchipwes of O-sag-e-nung, or the Saginaw. That Revs.\\nBreboeuf and Daniel rested among the savages of the Saginaw\\nbetween the years 1634 and 1638, there is every reason to believe;\\nfor, in the annals of The Company of One Hundred Associates,\\n1637, there is mention made of a visit of the Jesuit fathers to\\nthe Indian towns beyond Lake Huron, and of a resolution to estab-\\nlish a French settlement there. About 28 years later, in 1665,\\nthe Jesuit fathers Allouez and Duvall, or Dablon, established\\na temporary mission at the river camp of the Otchipwes, known\\nas Wakaiuan-pijigwabe-the house of the wifeless. In 1668 the\\ngreat Marquette, accompanied by M. Dablon, came among the\\nSaginaw Indians, and after a brief stay went to St. Mary s Falls,\\nwhere lie established a mission, previous to that exploratory trip\\nwhich resulted in the discovery of the Father of Waters. Three\\nyears later the Chippewa bands went north to the Sault to attend\\nthe great council of the Indians held there that year. Indian\\nlegends speak of the Wemitigoji, or Frenchmen, coming in the\\ngreat ship a few years after the council of the Sault, and of four\\nmen coming on foot from the west, who were in the ship, when it\\nfirst appeared to them above the mouth of the river. Such legends\\npoint directly to Robert Cavalier de la Salle. From that period to\\nL795, when a Frenchman named Tromble visited the Yalley, there\\nare few Legendary or written accounts of the white visitors. It is,\\nhowever, to be supposed that French missionaries and French\\ntraders called regularly on the Chippewas of the Valley and con-\\ntinued so to do until treat)- times, when the American began to\\ntake up the land of the Indian, and the merchant to supersede\\nthe trader. Subsequently the German and American missionaries", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0603.jp2"}, "600": {"fulltext": "598 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nestablished their varied forms of worship, and the era of Ameri-\\ncan settlement was begun.\\nPLATTING THE TOWN OF SAGINAW.\\nJames McCloskey, son-in-law of Gabriel Godfroy, of Godfroy s\\non the Pottawatomie Trail, nowYpsilanti, and his associate, Cap-\\ntain John Farley, entered a portion of the land, on which the city\\nnow stands in September, 1822. Farley had the tract surveyed by\\nJohn Mnllett, who platted a portion of it under the name of the\\nTown of Sagana.\\nThis town on paper comprised 20 blocks with the river lots on\\nWater street, the entire town extending over the east half of the\\nsoutheast quarter of section 23, and the south half of the\\nsouthwest fractional quarter of section 24, stretching back four\\nblocks from the river, with its southeastern corner resting near the\\nfoot of what is now known as Clinton street. Lot No. 77 of this\\nplat was sold May 8, 1823, for $25.\\nCaptain John Farley, late of the United States Ordnance De-\\npartment, and inheritor of his father s property at Saginaw, made\\nthe subscribed entry in his journal regarding this first plat:\\nThe following is an epitome of the early history of Saginaw\\nCity proper since its first purchase in 1821 or 1822.\\nIn 1821 the Government decided to establish a military post on\\nSaginaw Bay to protect the settlers, and reassure the treaties which\\nhad been made with the Indians in their sales of that portion of\\ntheir territory. This military post was located on the ground known\\nnow as Saginaw City, on the west side of Saginaw river.\\nKnowing that towns generally spring up in the immediate vicin-\\nity of such posts, Capt. Farley and James Mc Closkey, Esq., con-\\nceived the idea of laying out a plan of one on the only available\\nland in the vicinity, to which they gave the name of Sagina.\\nAccordingly they purchased the adjoining tract in section No. 24,\\nof 136 acres, and employed the State Surveyor, John Mullet, to\\nmake the town plat, which was duly recorded in the county\\nrecords at Flint.\\nJames Mc Closkey sold his undivided half interest to A. G.\\nWhitney, of Detroit, who afterward sold the same to Dr. Charles\\nLittle, of East Avon, N. Y. Little sold one half of his interest to\\nHerman Ladd, of the same place, and soon bought it back. The\\nonly sales made in the original town by Farley Co. were lots\\nNos. 77, 78 and 139, and lots 81, 83 and 85, as shown upon the town\\nplat of 1822, among my papers.\\ntk The troops were removed from the station in 1823 or 1824, the\\nplace languished for some time, and the military reservation was\\nsold to Mr. Dexter. The spirit of speculation in Western lands\\nrevived in 1836, and Mr. Norman Little (the son) went to Sag-\\ninaw to settle, and succeeded in interesting a large New York\\nfirm Macklin, Oakley Jennison) in making a purchase from\\nDexter, for $50,000.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0604.jp2"}, "601": {"fulltext": "8 \\\\(.I VWV CITY. 599\\nOn this tract they laid out a more extended plan for the city,\\nwhich was made the county seat, and several public buildings\\nwere erected.\\n)n account of the want of roads and other communications, the\\ntowns on the Saginaw were for years comparatively shut in, and\\ntheir progress was alow; but since the discoveries in salt and other\\nmineral products, and the advent of railroads, which have devel-\\noped the immense lumber resources of that region, the population\\nof the valley has largely increased, and its rise and progress has\\nrecently been marvelous. The title to a portion of this property\\nwas questioned; but a decision, favorable to the original proprie-\\ntor, was rendered by the court in 1866. Judges Sutherland and\\nFenton represented the owner. The property, now in possession\\nof Mr-. John Farley, comprises two blocks on the east side of\\nWashington street, between Miller and Farley streets, together\\nwith a Large and valuable tract extending from Washington street\\nto the river front, south of the Campeau grounds. Mrs. Farley,\\nwho resides at Washington, visits Saginaw at intervals, is conver-\\nsant with the history of the two ciries, and favorably known to the\\nold settlers of the Valley.\\nTHE DEXTER ADDITION.\\nThe second platting was effected Dec. 3, 1830, for Samuel W.\\nJ exter, ofWashtenaw county. It comprised all that land on which\\nSaginaw City now stands, extending from the river front west on\\nCass to Harrison street, north on Harrison to Jefferson, east on\\nJefferson to the river, and south to the post at the place of begin-\\nning. Of the lots represented on this plat, only eight were sold\\nthat year.\\nDexter sold his interest in the land which he entered in 1825,\\ncomprising the N. E. fr. J of the X. W. fr. and the south part of\\nthe S.W. fr. i of section 26, town 12, 4E., to Dr. Abel Millington,\\nof Washtenaw. This sale transferred to Millington the city ot\\nSaginaw, with the exception of 24 lots already disposed of by\\nSamuel Dexter, and of the public square, located as the seat of\\njustice in 1831. The transfer of the property was made July 18,\\nL835.\\nDr. Millington was not content to hold this property very long.\\nIF- ln-gan to lose faith in the prospects of the Valley, and so was\\nanxious to dispose of his newly acquired real estate/ He had not\\nlong to wait. Early in April, L836, terms of sale were agreed on,\\nand on the 26th of that month he transferred all his interests in\\nthe city of Saginaw, to a company composed of Norman Little,\\nJohn T. Mackev. Samuel Oakley and William Jennison, jr., for\\nthe um of |55JW0. Dr. Millington paid only $10,000 in the first\\ninstance for this property.\\nTHE 0TFRRIEB PLAT\\nwas made Feb. 1. 1837, under direction of the new proprietors.\\nThis showed 4( 7 blocks, and referred to lands on the east as well", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0605.jp2"}, "602": {"fulltext": "60 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nas on the west bank of the river. Streets were laid off and\\nnamed; a map of the city was printed for circulation throughout\\nthe Union, with the result of congregating 900 persons upon the\\nsite of this city before the close of the year 1837. Then the Crisis\\ncame; a cloud of adversity lowered upon the State, and the young\\ncity with its population almost disappeared before the close of the\\nyear 1838. For the two succeeding years there was little prospect\\nof the proprietors attaining their hopes; the series of misfortunes\\nwhich followed close upon the panic destroyed their enthusiasm;\\nyet they were fully aware of all the wealth of woods and minerals\\nwhich their land contained, and possessed at least the determin-\\nation to hold them until others would come forward to aid them in\\nbuilding up the city. In 1811 the report of the company stated\\nthat there were only 58 lots and three entire blocks sold out of the\\nwhole number of 107 blocks appearing on the plat. With the\\nexception of this very small portion of their large domain, all\\ntheir property was deeded to James Hunt, April 9, 1811, for a\\nconsideration of $220,000.\\nThe additions to the city made subsequently comprise those of\\nP. C. Andre, Alex. Andre, Binder SeyfFardt, C. T. Brenner,\\nI. Blackmore, Briggs, Geo. W. Bell, Barnard Newell, Joseph\\nCampean, Theo. J. Campeau, Cloeters, Clarke, Davenport, C. L.\\nEberhardt, Fred Ganschow, Gardunk, Grout Hay, Wheeler, P.\\nO. Johnson, Chris Kuhl. D. B. Ketcham, Little Moore, John\\nG. Liskow,H. L. Miller, John Moore, H. S. Mann, Otto H. C.Moore,\\nAnnie F. McEwan, Panlns Neurminger, Penoyer, Parsons R. Gay-\\nlord, Isaac Parsons, M. C. T. Plessner, Aaron A. Parsons, A. Rust,\\nRobesons, (S. D. of H. Miller s), Lutton, Babcock, Harrington\\nBriggs, Smith Parsons. Smith Hadens, Stark Hitchcock,\\nWin. SeyfFardts, Win, Storch, Jr., Geo. Schmidt, Schemm\\nSchoenheit, Hugo Wisener, Mary Williams, Edward Zagelmeyer,\\nLouis Zagelmeyer. Many of these tracts form extensive and valu-\\nable additions to the city. A few of them are limited in extent, but\\nall contributed to extend its limits, and prepare it as the home of a\\nlarge and prosperous population.\\nORGANIC.\\nThe city of Saginaw was incorporated under legislative authority\\nFeb. 17, 1857, and an election of municipal officers ordered to be\\nheld. The charter recognized two wards, each allowed to elect\\ntwo representatives in council, as well as take part in the election\\nof county and city officers. The first election resulted in the choice\\nof Gardner D. Williams, Mayor; Col. Garrett, Recorder; E. R.\\nShemmons, Treasurer; E. C. Newell. City Attorney; A. S. Gay-\\nlord, Supervisor; John A. Gibson, Marshal; George W. Bullock,\\nDavid Hughes, John Moore and Jay Smith, Aldermen.\\nIn 1859 the population grew so rapidly that the city was erected\\ninto three wards. In 1867 one ward more was added, and in 1869\\ntwo, giving to the city a council of 12, with the regular civic", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0606.jp2"}, "603": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY.\\n601\\nofficers. The rate of such advancement within the 12 years\\nending in 1869, will be apparent from the fact that in 1857 the\\npopulation of the city proper was only 536; three years later it\\nwas reported at 1,712; nine years later, in 1866, at 6,420; and in\\nL869, 6,980. Mayor Williams was re-elected in 1858. He died\\nduring his term of office, when Hiram L.Miller was appointed\\nMayor, until the annual election. The names of the city officers\\nelected from 1857-to the present time are given in the following\\nMAYORS.\\nGardner D. Williams 1851\\nHiram L. .Miller 1858 9\\nGeorge W Bullock IS\\nJohnMoore 1861- 3\\nPeter C. Andre 1864\\nStewart B. Williams 1865\\nWilliam M. Miller 1866\\nAlfred F. R. Brady l867- 9\\nWilliam II. Sweet 1870\\nGeorge F. Williams 187l- 2\\nB( atoo Hanchett 1873- 4\\nFred H. Potter 1875- 6\\nGeorge P. Lewis 1877- 8\\nLyman W. Bliss... 1879- 80\\nArthur Hill 1881\\nRE( ORDERS.\\nrrett 1857\\nNewton I). Lee 1858\\nHiram L. Miller 1859- 60\\nDaniel L. C. Eaton 1861- 2\\nAlfred F. R. Brady 1863 6\\nRobert McQueen 1867- 8\\nJohn B. Schick. 1869- 74\\nJohn J. Swarthout 1875- 9\\nC. E. Brenner (to fill vacancy).. 1880\\nByron G. Stark 1881\\nCONTROLLERS.\\nEdwin Saunders 1868 72\\nharles I). Little\\nFrederick L. Eaton 1873- 8\\nDewitt C. Dixson 1879- 84\\nTREASURERS.\\nEdward R. Sbemmons 1857- 8\\nCharles Miller 1859 ttl\\nII. Gotee 1865- 3\\nAugustus Ganschow 1804\\nRichard Kuhen 1865\\nEdwin Saunders 1866\\nPeter Lane 1807\\nKmil Schuermann 1868- 9\\nRacine Purmort 187 7\\nKmil Schoenberg 1878- 80\\nFred W. llollister 1881\\nmarshals.\\nJohn A. Gibson 1857\\nF. rizarro Woodruff 1858\\nBernhard Rice 1859 60\\nEdward P. Shemmons 186!\\nThomas S. Kennedy 1863\\nALDERMEN.\\n1857\\nW. Bullock..\\nDavid Hughefi\\nJohn Moore\\n3mitb\\n1858.\\n1 st Ward Newell Barnard\\n(to fill vacancy) Myron Butman\\n2d David Hughes", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0607.jp2"}, "604": {"fulltext": "602\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n1859.\\n1st Ward William H. Sweet\\n2d William Binder\\n(to fill vac cy) Amasa Bust, jr.,\\n3d David H. Jerome\\n1860.\\n1st Ward Lewis Webster\\n2d Peter C. Andre\\n3d Abel A. Brockway\\n1861.\\n1st Ward Augustus S. Gaylord\\n2d John B. White\\n3d George F. Williams\\n1862.\\n1st Ward Coe Garrett\\n2d Richard Kuhen\\n3d William H. Taylor\\n1863.\\n1st Ward Peter Lane\\n2d Valorous A. Paine\\n3d George F. Williams\\n1864.\\n1st Ward John W. Richardson\\n2d Emil bhemmons\\n3d Charles Wider\\n1865.\\n1st Ward James G. Terry\\n2d Ezra Rust\\n3d George F. Williams\\n1866.\\n1st Ward Ammi W. Wright\\n2d Richard Kuhen\\n3d George R. Stark\\n1867.\\n1st Ward Daniel B. Ketchum\\n2d Gardner K. Grout\\n3d Abel A. Brock way\\n4th Michael C. T. Plessner\\nJames R. Cook\\n1868.\\n1st Ward Joseph T. Burnham\\n2d Charles T. Brenner\\n2d (to fill vac cy) Newton D Lee\\n3d George R. Stark\\n4th Stewart B. Williams\\n1869.\\n1st Ward George Davenport\\n2d Thomas L. Jackson\\n3d Racine Purmort\\n4th Henry A. Newton\\n5th George Streebe\\nil Edward Moye\\n6th James F. Adams\\nThomas Shemmons\\n1870.\\n1st Ward Eleazer J. Ring\\n2d Jay Smith\\n3d John Diebel\\n4th Stewart B. Williams\\n5th David Andrews\\n6th Roman Hang\\n1871.\\n1st Ward Arthur D Smith\\n2d Lyman W. Bliss\\n3d Thomas L. Jackson\\n4th James E. Saunders\\n5th William H. Smith\\n6th James F .Adams\\n1872.\\n1st Ward Joshua Tuthill\\n2d William W. Knight\\n3d William Reins\\n(to fill vacancy) Charles Wider\\n4th James Kelley\\n5th John Friedlein\\n0th Charles W. L. Jost\\n1873.\\n1st Ward George Davenport\\n2d Benjamin B. Bartlett\\n3a Francis M. Allen\\n4th James E. Brady\\n(to fill vacancy) Ben j. Forbes\\n5th W illiam H. Smith\\n6th John C. Ziegler\\n1874.\\n1st Ward Augustus S Gaylord\\n2d Joshua Blackmore\\n3d George F. Williams\\n4th Benjamin Forbes\\noth John Gensbauer\\n6th William G. Ferguson\\n1875.\\n1st Ward George Davenport\\n2d A B. Paine\\n(to fill vac.) Alexander Andre\\n3d William Reins\\n4th James E.Brady\\n(to fill vacancy) Nicholas Rice\\n5th Jerome B. Allen\\n6th James F. Adams\\n1876.\\n1st Ward Aaron T. Bliss\\n2d James Jerome\\n3d Charles Wider\\n4th James McGregor\\n5th John Graensbauer\\n(to fill vacancy) Joseph Cook\\n6th Alexander B. Kelley\\n1877.\\n1st Ward Bradley M. Hosmer\\n2d\\n3d\\n4th\\n5th\\n6th\\n.Fred W. Hoi lister\\n.Jacob Knapp\\nNorvil Cameron\\nDavid Crowley\\n.Joseph E. Adams", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0608.jp2"}, "605": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY.\\n603\\n1878.\\nIS) Ward Aaron T. Bliss\\n3d Austin Ancliutz\\n3d George F. Williams\\n4th Gilbert Gaum\\nili William J. Kerwin\\n8th Alexander B. Kelley\\nL879.\\n1st Ward lames W. Perrin\\n2d Jay Smith\\nto till vacancy) A. 15. Paine\\n3d Jacob Knapp\\n4tli Frederick Nehmer\\n5th David Crowley\\nth Ferdinand Kaiser\\n1880.\\n1st Ward Angus Mclntyre\\n3d Philip Ophergeld\\n3d Benjamin N. Montross\\n4th George Rathbun\\n5th John W. Brown\\n6th Enos T. Troop\\n1881.\\n1st Ward James W. Perrin\\n2d John II. Benjamin\\n3d Henry F. Allen\\n4th Thomas Doyle\\n5th Charles J. Ewald\\n(jth John W Brown\\nTHE FIBST SETTLERS.\\nThe chapter devoted to the pioneers of this Valley in the history\\nproper of the county deals generally with the men and events of\\npioneer days. Therein are given brief sketches of Eleazer Jewett,\\nWin. McDonald. Gardner D. Williams, Abram Butts, James\\nBusby, E. N. Davenport, .1. B. Cushaway and others. Their\\nsettlement may be said t have been made in the heart of the\\nIndian country. The Otchipwes, numbering over 3,500 souls at\\nthat lime, surrounded them, and oftentimes made such encroach-\\nments upon their privileges as to render life in the locality dis-\\nagreeable, if not actually uncertain. There were no roads then:\\nintercourse with the outer world was a subject seldom thought of,\\nas a journey to Pontiac or Detroit necessitated many hardships,\\nexposed the traveler to many dangers, and required days of severe\\nmarching to perform. To all these trials the first American pio-\\nneers were not at all anxious to submit themselves. They devoted\\nall their energies to conciliate their red neighbors, and when\\nconciliation tailed they would resort to the exercise of physical\\npower by enforcing the argumentum ftacuMmtm. The latter system,\\nor Club Law. was tried by Messrs. Jewett and Williams with\\ngreat sureess, as is evidenced in the descriptions given in the\\ncomity history; but as a rule the policy of conciliation was\\neffectual, as the Endianscould appreciate justice, and esteem all\\nwho lo\\\\ ed it.\\nAt this period Eleazer Jewett lived at Green Point, close by the\\ntown of Saginaw, as platted by Farley and McCloskey. Louis\\nCampean dwelt in the great block house on the west side of Water\\nBtreet, near the mills of Wright Co. This was constructed of\\nhewn timber, with a roof of the same material, built for strength\\nand durability. It was all the work of the Frenchman, and stood\\nthe monument of his enterprise until 1862, whenfire swept it away.\\n.lack Smith, the English half-breed, erected a hut below Mr.\\nOampeau a trading post. This was constructed of poles arranged\\nas in a palisade, with bark under roof, covered with a thatch of\\nsalt-marsh grass. Here the improvident half-breed trafficked\\nwith his Indian friends until 1832, when he left his rude dwelling\\nto take care of itself. The very lot on which Smith erected that\\nhut has been often brought under notice since the time of his resi-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0609.jp2"}, "606": {"fulltext": "6(\u00c2\u00bb4\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ndence here. What became of the original owner or of his chil-\\ndren could not be learned, and this being so, tended to render\\nthe acquisition of the property a most uncertain transaction.\\nThe barrack or stockade was used as a school-house, and within\\nits rude walls Judge Albert Miller taught the first school. The\\nstockade extended to the site of the Taylor House.\\nDuring the year 1832 the idea of becoming owners and culti-\\nvators of the soil possessed many of the old settlers of Saginaw\\nCity and took practical shape. During that year A. W. Bacon,\\nCharles Mc Lean, Henry Me Lean, John Brown, Andrew Ure, Har-\\nvey AVilliams, John Mc Gregor, Douglas Thompson, Stephen Ben-\\nson, Wm. J. Henderson and John Todd located lands along the\\nTittabawassee, and subsequently brought their families thither to\\nreside.\\nThe same year Eleazer Jewett, G. D. AVilliams, E. S. Will-\\niams, Abram Butts, Thomas McCarthy, James Busby, James\\nFrazer, David Stanard, Aug. Bertrand, Sylvester Vibber, Dougal\\nMcKenzie, Edward Brown, Thomas Simpson, Seymour Ensign\\nand Duncan Mc Lellan located at Saginaw City, some of them\\nwith the intention of becoming permanent settlers, others with\\nthat of making it a home for a few years. E. N. Davenport\\narrived in 1832 and made Saginaw City his home.\\nMurdock Frazer arrived in 1833 at the village. At that time he\\nset forth on horseback to explore the Saginaw with a view of locat-\\ning some lands. He actually crossed Pine Run creek, when he\\nrealized the fact that he was lost in the great wilderness. For 70\\nhours he traversed the forest, hungry, fatigued and anxious. He\\nlost his horse. Packs of gaunt wolves threatened him; yet he\\npushed forward to the Cass river, where he was fortunate enough\\nto reach the primitive dwelling of Citizen Kent. After thawing\\nout, he repaired his torn clothes and proceeded to Saginaw. Two\\nyears later he located lands along the Tittabawassee, and became\\na permanent settler. Toward the close of the year 1836 the fol-\\nlowing named persons possessed homes in Saginaw City or in its\\nimmediate neighborhood:\\nAntoine Campeau,\\nCharles Mc Lean,\\nJack Smith,\\nWm. J. Henderson,\\nEleazer Jewett,\\nDavid Stanard,\\nGardner D. Williams,\\nAugustas Bertrand,\\nStephen Benson,\\nA. W. Bacon,\\nJohn Todd,\\nAbram Gotee.\\nDuncan McLellan,\\nJohn Brown,\\nSylvester Vihber,\\nJames Frazer,\\nThomas Simpson,\\nDougal Mc Kenzie,\\nDouglas Thompson,\\nSeymour Ensign,\\nAbram Whitney,\\nEdward Brown.\\nJ ames Busby,\\nAlbert Miller,\\nHiram L. Miller,\\nRufus W. Stevens,\\nNathaniel Foster,\\nJohn Kengan,\\nHumphrey McLean,\\nAbram Butts,\\nGrovenor Vinton,\\nHarvey Rumville,\\nNelson Smith,\\nCharles L. Richman,\\nDaniel Kengan,\\nCharles Lull,\\nPhineas Spauldimr,\\nGeo. Blythe,\\nRiley Mott,\\nH. N. Howard,\\nJohn Lacy,\\nPeter Guillott,\\nWm. F. Mosely,\\nHarvey Williams,\\nEleazer Mason,\\nPonton,\\nJenks,\\nBenj. Pearson,\\nRoderick Vaughan,\\nJohn Farquaharson,\\nJames Abbott,\\nC. W. Whipple,\\nAlex. D. Frazer,\\nMurdock Frazer,\\nIra French,\\nGeo. W. Bullock,\\nGeo Davis,\\nRock wood,\\nJames Kenny,\\nDavid E. orbin,\\nJeremy T. Miller,\\nJohn f ibbets,\\nTheophilus Clarke,\\nMerritt,\\nNorman Little,\\nJohn P. Hosmer,\\nCurtis Emerson.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0610.jp2"}, "607": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 605\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Tin* Red Warehouse was erected in 1856. The Webster House\\nand two warehouses were built in 1837. E. W. Perry had the\\ncontract for getting out the lumber to be used in the first-\\nnamed structure. The Williams saw-mill then stood where the\\nsalt blocks of the Williams Bros, are now situated, and all formed\\nwhat was known as the town of Saginaw. This nucleus of a city\\nbarelv formed, when the wave of depression moved westward,\\nshattering the hopes of the new town-builders, and reducing the\\naspirations of the enterprise to a dream. The settlement was\\nagitated to its very depths; many determined to leave the district;\\nutent dwelt in every mind.\\nThe small-pox entered the Indian villages about this time, and\\nadded largely to increase the prevailing dread of some impending dis-\\naster. Providence, however, ruled that the pioneers might suffer\\nalone from financial reverses, while the Indians would be carried\\naway in thousands by the dreadful disease. Of the entire number\\nof the doomed race then dwelling in the neighborhood of the\\neat Camp, over 2.000 perished, the remainder fled to the\\nwilderness to seek a hiding place, where the Great Spirit could not\\ntind them, or pursue them with his vengeance. Even the wild\\nwoods did not shelter the poor savages from the terrible scourge;\\nthroughout the forest, river and stream the echoes of their dismal\\nshrieks rang out for a short while, and then died away with death.\\nHappy Indians! They survived not to witness the sacred circles\\nof their fathers, the burial places of their race, upturned by the\\nplow, or covered with the homes and factories of civilized man;\\nthey were spared at least this last and most terrible affliction.\\nThe financial crisis ended, confidence began to reign, and the\\ninhabitants assumed their wonted occupations. A brief period was\\nafforded to realize all the dangers which had surrounded them and\\nwere now dispersed to make a survey of the wreck, caused by\\nfinancial depression on the one side, anchby famine and disease on\\nthe other. They saw the bones of the savages lying scattered over\\ntheir garden plots, along the river bank; and seeing, regretted their\\noft-repeated wish that the Indian would die. The new solitude\\nwas real; the red men. who varied the monotony of life in the\\nwilderness, were gone, and the few who remained were so stricken\\nwith the calamity which befel their tribe, that moroseness was added\\nto their natural stoicism, rendering them objects to be at once\\npitied and feared.\\nA short time, and the importance of the Valley reasserted itself.\\nIn ls-ll a few settlers arrived: the darkest hour in the history of\\nthe Valley was past, and business was resumed. In 1845 immi-\\ngrants poured in from every quarter, bringing with them a wealth\\nof strength and health; nor did the capitalist remain far behind.\\nIn 184s labor and capital formed a partnership and together began\\nthe work of building up the old town of Saginaw, as well as of es-\\ntablishing a new city.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0611.jp2"}, "608": {"fulltext": "606 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nIn 1837 was built the first public building in the Saginaw Valley.\\nIt stood in the rear of the present court-house and served as the\\nplace of worship of the Presbyterian Church until the erection of\\nthe present house of worship in 1852. It was built for the purposes\\nof a school and court-house, but on the erection of the present court-\\nhouse, the structure was moved to the spot where the county jail\\nnow stands. Subjected to another journey, the old building was\\nconverted into a dwelling-house.\\nThe first school district was organized April 18, 1S3T. It com-\\nprised the territory now known as the townships of Saginaw, Buena\\nVista, Carrollton, Zilwaukee, Spalding, Frankenlust, a part of\\nSwan Creek, Portsmouth, Kochville and Bridgeport, with one\\nschool-house, situated on the public square, near the site of the\\npresent county court-house. The first shade-trees were planted on\\nthe business portion of Court street, by Mr. Fisk, sr., an old and\\nrespected settler. The trees opposite the Taylor House alone re-\\nmain. Two trees, planted on Washington street by Mrs. Dr. Lee,\\nthen a little girl of only seven summers, still flourish, apparently\\nin the spring-time of their growth.\\nThe first journal started in 1836 by John P. Hosiner, subse-\\nquently edited by Hiram L. Miller, fell to the ground before the\\nbusiness revival of 1841. It was succeeded by R. W. Jenny s\\npaper, known as The North Star, in 1842. Even then the people\\nwere not prepared to support a journal, as the suspension of the\\nStar became a necessity after an irregular publication. The Spirit\\nof the Times, edited by L. L. G. Jones, was the herald of the true\\nrevival of industry and may be considered the first newspaper\\nwhich met with sufficient support to justify publication.\\nFrom 1845 to 1850 a steady progress was made: the old settle-\\nment extended, and still men looked forw r ard to the wild tract on\\nthe east side of the river for a further extension. In 1840 the busi-\\nness of Saginaw w r as represented, by 11 dealers in dry-goods,\\ngroceries, etc. one steam saw-mill, three hotels, five carpenteries,\\nthree blacksmith shops, one bakery, three boot and shoe stores.\\nFour years later the Union school building, the German Evangeli-\\ncal Lutheran Church (1851), Methodist Episcopal (1854), First\\nPresbyterian (1852), St. John s Episcopal (1853), St. Andrew s\\nCatholic (1853), w r ere erected, and with the county court-house,\\nformed a little city in themselves.\\nFrom 1857 to I860 great advances were made, the old citizens\\nentered upon the work of erecting new dwelling-houses, improving\\nthe streets, building factories and stores, hotels, schools, and even\\nmore churches. The whistles of steamboats and saw-mills, the\\nrush of busy mechanics, workmen, and employers, and. the appear-\\nance of the people in general told that the era of prosperity had\\narrived. The manufacture of salt was an established tact in 1860,\\nand henceforth the star of Saginaw was in the ascendant. Within\\nthe three years from 1857 to 1860 the population advanced from\\n536 to 1,712. In 1866 it reached 5,426; in 1870, 7,460; in 1876,\\n9,890; in 1880, 10,526, and in June, 1881, the resident and floating", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0612.jp2"}, "609": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW 1TV. 607\\npopulation was estimated at about 12,000. Judging from these\\nstatistics, the era of great advancement was between the inaugura-\\ntion of the salt manufacture and 1866; but, in reality, that marked\\nprogress which characterizes the city depends not now on such\\nstatistics; as railroads, improved machinery, and new methods of\\nmanufacturing lumber and salt reduce manual labor to something\\nnominal. The increasing number and capacity of the lumber mills\\nand alt factories, and the opening up of the country in the vicinity\\nof the city, must be taken as the basis of progress. However ex-\\ntensive may be the utilization of labor-saving machinery, its pro-\\nducing power will always tend to insure an increase of wealth, as\\nwell as an addition to the population; for wherever a great indus-\\ntrial center is found, there also is the steam-engine and all that,\\nmachinery which the genius of modern mechanics has introduced.\\nSAGINAW IN 1857.\\nDuring the years succeeding the wild-cat* 1 times the city of\\nthe Valley made comparatively little progress. The first panic\\nreduced its population of 900 to about 450; but even with this small\\nnumber of inhabitants holding on to the ship, which so many\\ndeserted, the settlers were confident of ultimate success. Inl848- 9\\nthey beheld the return of the immigration tide; during those years\\na few men came here to make a permanent settlement, their exam-\\nple was followed, until in 1857 the population was increased to 536.\\nThe city was incorporated that year, while yet its commercial\\nand professional interests were represented by only 65 offices,\\nstores and shops, with four churches, two society rooms, the\\nUnion and tw T o select schools, the court-house and old-time county\\njail. The streets were laid off, shade-trees planted and many\\ndwelling-houses constructed. Looking over a list of the profes-\\nsional and business men of the period, one must be reminded of\\nthe many changes which later years have effected. Among the\\nlawyers of that time were Sutherland, Benedict. W. EL Sweet and\\nE. C. Newell, with offices on Water street; Mcore, Gaylord and\\nHiram S. Penover had their offices in the court-house; and C. D.\\nLittle, at the corner of Washington and Madison streets.\\nDoctors J. B. White, D. F. Mitchell, M. C. T. Plessner, Dion\\nBirnev and Dr. J. Smith located their offices on Water street; X.\\nD. Lee on Jefferson, and S. Franke at the corner of Franklin and\\nHamilton. A. T. Eaton Brothers carried on the drug business\\nin a store at the corner of Court and Water streets.\\nThe hotels comprised the Webster House, with Lester Cross pro-\\nprietor, located at the corner of Washington and Jefferson; the\\nSaginaw City Exchange, on Ames and Water streets, operated by\\nHorace Douglass; the Shakspeare Hotel, kept by C. T. Brenner,\\nat the corner of Adams and Hamilton; the iEtna House, by Geo.\\nW. Beeman, on the corner of Van Buren and Water streets; the\\nStage House, at the corner of Throop and Water streets, and C.\\nF. Esche s ki Sylvan Retreat. on Court street.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0613.jp2"}, "610": {"fulltext": "608 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMichael Dougherty s shipyard was situated on Water street; A.\\nH. Paine s livery stable, at the corner of Cass and Water; C.\\nWyder s tannery, at the corner of Stevens and Water; John W.\\nRichardson s harness store, the steam spoke factory and A. Fisher s\\ncabinet and chair factory, on Water street.\\nThe dry-goods houses at that time comprised D. II. Jerome\\nCo., Jerome block, Water street; G. W. Bullock, G. T. Zochoerner,\\nWoodruff block; Ferdinand Flatan and P. C. Andre, on the dock,\\nWater street.\\nThe grocery and provision trade was represented by J. Dowling,\\nA. Andre, M. Butman, Geo. Strebe, W. Binder, Jacob Vogt,\\nWater street; Michael Redman, restaurateur, corner of Hamilton\\nand Jefferson.\\nD. H. Jerome Co s. hardware store stood on the corner of\\nWater and Van Buren streets; N. Gibson s ironmongery store was\\n.ocated on Water street, in what was known as the Gibson\\nblock.\\nMrs. Rice and Miss Hamilton were the proprietresses of milli-\\nnery establishments.\\nJohn Mullcahy, M. Rathkie and F. A. Leasia carried on three\\ntailoring establishments on Water street.\\nThe Methodist church, then situated near the court-house on\\nWashington street, was presided over by Rev. T. C. Higgins.\\nThe Masonic lodge-room stood on the corner of Cass and Hamilton\\nstreets. The Dutch Reform Society s hall was located on Ames\\nstreet; the First Presbyterian church, on Court street; the Protes-\\ntant Episcopal church, on Washington near the Public square, and\\nthe Catholic church, on the northeast corner of Washington and\\nMonroe. The Union school, the Saginaw City Literary Associa-\\ntion, Miss Ripley s and Miss Mulholland s select schools, Odd Fel-\\nlows Saginaw Lodge, No. 42, with perhaps a few other religious,\\nliterary, scholastic and friendly organizations, were in existence.\\nFrom 1858 to 1862, very few additions were made to the busi-\\nness portion of the city. In the latter year a number of wealthy\\nand enterprising men were added to the population, and within a\\nfew years the brick blocks, which now ornament the business cen-\\nter, were erected.\\nSAGINAW in 1865.\\nIn reviewing the city of 16 years ago, and comparing it with the\\ncity of to-day. one is forcibly reminded of all that well directed\\nenterprise can accomplish. It is said that The Webster House\\nwas then the principal house, as it had been for nearly 30 years.\\nOn Water, beginning at Jefferson, was to be found the foot of busi-\\nness, and either side of the street, extending to Mackinaw, were\\nto be found all the stores in the city, with one solitary exception.\\nThe buildings were not at all imposing, as may be seen by a view\\nof the best ones. There was on the present site of the water-\\nworks a one-story brick office, and on the corner of Court street", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0614.jp2"}, "611": {"fulltext": "a a .i.n \\\\\\\\v city. 609\\nthe Bauer block (erected L863), which were the only brick build-\\nings n that street at that time. Court street was occupied by two\\nbusiness places, the banking officeof Gr. L. Burrows (erected 1863)\\nand the stationery store on the corner of Hamilton. The Ameri-\\ncan Souse stood between Court and Franklin on Hamilton street,\\nand this with two well patronized places of resort for gentlemen of\\nleisure, on the corner of Franklin and Jefferson, constituted the\\nbusiness of thai street.\\nThe Saginaw Valley Republican was then published in a build-\\ninn- on tin- corner of Ames and Washington streets. There were\\nthen tour hotels in the city, and in addition to the two brick build-\\nings already mentioned there were two brick residences, what is now\\nthe Sixth ward school-house on Monroe, and the county office\\nadjoining the court-house. There were five churches, viz. the\\nPresbyterian, German F angelical, Methodist, Episcopal and\\nJatholic. The German school building was situated at the corner\\nof Court and Washington, the Central on Court street, and the\\nFirst on Monroe. During the year, four brick buildings were\\nerected on Water street, and the building of the Taylor House\\ncommenced. Where to-day are the massive, elegant buildings,, at\\nthe intersection of Court and Hamilton streets, were three small\\ngardens, and where the Saginaw barrel factory is located, was the\\nold cemetery. Business blocks and dwelling-houses have been\\nbuilt Avhere the garden beds of the settlers, previous to 1865, were\\nhidden beneath their weight of vegetables or flowers.\\nThe Flint Fere Marquette railroad, connecting this city with\\nFlint, was completed in 1862; the street railroad to East Saginaw,\\nfinished in 1861, and the building of the Jackson, Lansing Sag-\\ninaw railroad in 1866, aided materially in building up the city.\\nFollowing immediately the advent of the railroad, the Bauer, the\\nBurrows Bank and the Taylor House blocks were raised. Within\\nthe 10 succeeding years no less than 115 places of business were\\nopened, each carried on in a brick structure.\\nThe second term of depression began in 1873. The crisis was\\nfelt in the cities of the Saginaw, and regarded with some more\\nconcern here than even in Eastern towns. The district was literally\\nfull of people, many employed, many waiting for employment.\\nAt this critical moment in the history of the city, the council\\nauthorized the construction of the water-works, while many of the\\ncitizens saw the time had arrived when, by erecting residences,\\nthey would serve themselves as well as benefit the working classes.\\nThe progress of these buildings afforded a good deal of employ-\\nment and averted many of the hardships from which the people of\\nother cities suffered. Notwithstanding the efforts of the citizens\\nto supply the demands of labor, the financial crash of 1873 affected\\nnumbers of the people, and drove them to the alternative of seek-\\ning other homes; yet the suffering which it occasioned here was\\ncomparatively little, when other cities are considered. During the\\nyears of depression the city offered just sufficient employment to\\nenable the industrious working man to i tideover that term of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0615.jp2"}, "612": {"fulltext": "tilO HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nstagnation in trade, and await the return of prosperous times. As-\\nSaginaw was among the iirst cities to feel the effects of the finan-\\ncial crash, so also was it among the first to recover from the panic.\\nIt survived the second as it did the first misfortune, growing larger\\nafter each reverse, and brighter after each obscurity.\\nIN SE MAGNA RUUNT.\\nGreat bodies are apt to rush against each other; but in the case\\nof the two Saginaws the proverb was set aside in 1873. During\\nthat year an effort was made to unite the two cities under one\\nmunicipal government. The party of consolidation issued an\\naddress showing the many benefits which would accrue to Saginaw\\nCity in the event of a union with her younger sister on the east\\nside. The logic was really good in every instance save one, and\\nthat was the arrangement of Uncle Samuel s postoffice. The\\noffices then in existence would remain so, notwithstanding the fact\\nthat there would be only one city in the event of consolidation be-\\ncoming an accomplished fact.\\nThe anti-consolidationists, a numerous band, did not fail to per-\\nceive that there was a statement made in the address, which, if\\ncarried out, would revolutionize the rules of the U. S. P. O. depart-\\nment. Now, they had no reason wdiatever to suppose that Uncle\\nSamuel, in his paternal solicitude for the lumber and salt cities,\\nwould override precedent by acceding to the desires of the union-\\nists, yet the opposers of this union were very skeptical on the\\nquestion, and taking advantage of a doubt, annihilated this section\\nof the address. Article after article was fully studied, and still\\nthe anti-consolidationists failed to find any sound reason why Sag-\\ninaw and East Saginaw should unite in municipal bonds. The\\nagitation was continued for some time, but the little band of union-\\nists was silenced by popular vote and their city allowed to remain\\nas they found it.\\nWhether the agitation will ever be revived is questionable, yet\\nnot without the range of probability, for the reason that there\\nare many and influential men in the city who cannot cast aside\\ntheir faith in the strength of union, or fail to recognize the fact\\nthat in some instances the majority form very erroneous conclu-\\nsions.\\nIt is not within the province of this history to say which party\\nerred in 1873; but it may be candidly stated that there is some\\nwant on the west side of the river which should be supplied. The\\nlocation of Saginaw City cannot be excelled; its water privileges\\nare as extensive as those claimed by East Saginaw; the city is the\\nhome of idle capital which should be utilized until the beautiful\\nland, from the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Saginaw rivers\\nto the northern limits of Carrollton, be hidden beneath factories,\\nstores and happy homes.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0616.jp2"}, "613": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0617.jp2"}, "614": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0618.jp2"}, "615": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 613\\nTHE city OF THE PRESENT.\\nFrom what has been written on the progress of this city, it will\\nappear that its municipal and commercial beginning was made in\\nls. \u00c2\u00bb7. and extended in L865. Since the day of the incorporation\\nof Saginaw as a city, its advance, though not so remarkable as its\\neastern sister, will compare very favorably with any of the new\\ncities of the Union. To-day there are as many business houses\\nand factories here as there wire men, women and children at the\\nbeginning of the year 1857; and still there is no reason whatever\\nto suppose thai the city has reached the limit of its growth.\\nThere are L09 street- within the tire limits, laid off regularly,\\nmany of them great thoroughfares, and the greater number shaded\\nwith a double line of thrifty trees. Although these streets are\\nwell built up, there is yet sufficient room for building purposes.\\nThe business center is metropolitan in the character of its houses\\nand streets the stores are at once attractive and extensive the\\nTaylor House and 14 other hotels are all well adapted to\\nmeet the requirements of the city in this respect, each fostering a\\nspecial trade the offices of manufacturers, bankers, insurance\\ncompanies and professional men are carried on systematically; re-\\nligion, education, fraternity are all well represented, and under\\nthe regime of a well regulated society, the city progresses slowly\\nbut surely, to hold that high place to which its situation and\\nthe intelligence of its people entitle it.\\nFIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.\\nThe history \u00c2\u00bbf the Presbyterian Church of Saginaw City extends\\nback to the pioneer days, when INorman Little, Wm. Hartwell,\\nThomas Smith, T. L. Howe, Hinds Smith, Mrs. Harvey Will-\\niams. Jane A. Little, Elizabeth Bice, Mrs. H. L. Miller,\\nMabel Terrill, Mrs. Julia Smith and Mrs. T. L. Howe formed a\\nPresbyterian society, with Kev. H. L. Miller as director. Two\\nyears later, March 1, 1838, the society was organized, and as Mr.\\nMiller presided over its beginning, so he continued now to watch\\nover its growth.\\nThe first sermon delivered in the Valley to an American congre-\\ngation, was that preached by Mr. Miller in the carpentery, which\\nthen occupied the southeast corner of Washington and Ames; the\\nnext meeting of the society was held in the postoffice, north side\\nof Court, between Hamilton and Water streets. The subsequent\\nmeetings were held within Norman Little s house, then standing\\non the corner of Washington and Madison; again in the ^Me-\\nchanic s Hall. Washington street and in 1837 within that church-\\n-chool-court-house, in early days removed by order of the Board\\nof County Commissioners, from its old location, directly in rear of\\nthe present court-house, to the spot on which the county jail now\\nstands, lest the good old building would take fire, and in turn:\\nhelp to destroy the great court-house, then being built. After flu*\\n37", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0619.jp2"}, "616": {"fulltext": "614 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nchange of location this very useful old structure continued in use\\nas a church-school-house, etc., until 1852, when the Presbyterian\\ncongregation began to worship in their new church, completed\\nand dedicated Dec. 12, that year.\\nMr. Miller continued in the ministry of the Church until the fall\\nof 1839, when, owing to failing health, he retired. He was suc-\\nceeded by Rev. C. F. Foot, who remained until May, 1810. From\\nthis period until March, 1842, there is no record save that con-\\ntained in the simple sentence: The church was organized as a\\nPresbyterian Church, but, during the first years of its existence,\\nwas not under the care of any ecclesiastical body. 1 In 1842 Rev.\\nHarvey Hyde was stated supply, the form of government was\\nchanged from the Presbyterian to that of the Congregational; but\\none year later, in 1843, returned to its original form, connected\\nitself with the Detroit Presbytery, and observed this connection\\nuntil the constitution of the Saginaw Presbytery in 1856, to which\\nit was transferred.\\nMr. Hyde remained until May, 1844. Rev. C. H. Baldwin suc-\\nceeded, as stated supply, January, 1846, and retired July, 1847.\\nRev. Louis Mills was stated supply from November, 1848, to\\nJuly, 1849. After this period the Rev. D. M. Cooper received a\\ncall, June, 1851, and continued in the pastorate until April, 1859\\nDuring his ministry the first church built in the Valley was con-\\nstructed at a cost of over $3,000, after plans by H. C. Weston. The\\ndedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. R. R. Kellogg, of Detroit.\\nRev. D. H. Taylor succeeded Mr. Cooper as stated supply, and\\ncontinued in the ministry from March, 1861, to March, 1865, when\\na call was extended to the Rev. J. W. Hough. Rev. R. P. Shaw\\nentered upon the duties of pastor, and continued in the ministry\\nof the Church here until succeeded by Rev. Mr. Bruske.\\nThe condition of the Church on April 1, 1881, is shown in the\\nfollowing exhibit:\\nAdded to church on examination 8\\ncertificate 13\\nEntire membership 169\\nAdults baptized 4\\nChildren 20\\nSunday-school membership 300\\nCOLLECTIONS.\\nHome Misssons 268 31\\nForeign 20153\\nRelief fund 87 85\\nGeneral Assembly 10 57\\nFor sufferers by famine in Persia 102 90\\nBy Sabbath-school for American Sunday-school Union 52 10\\nBy young people s class 2 10\\nBy Golden Rule Mission Band 60 00\\nBy Woman s Foreign Missionary Society 142 15\\nTotal 927 51\\nObn^resmtional $2,238 39", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0620.jp2"}, "617": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 615\\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nTbe following historical sketch of the M. E. Society and Church\\nwas written by Hon. John Moore, and placed at the disposal of the\\npublishers of this history by the present pastor, Rev. I. H.\\nReddiek:\\nMay 20, 1850, Rev. George Bradley, as presiding elder of the\\nGrand Rapids district of the Methodist Conference, made a cer-\\ntificate appointing Andrew Bell, Stephen Lyttle, Levi D. Cham-\\nberlain and Louisa Hart, Trustees in Trust of the Methodist\\nEpiscopal Church in Saginaw county. This certificate was recorded\\nJune 24, 1850. Mr. Bradley was at this date presiding elder of a\\ndistrict embracing, I think, Lapeer county on the east, extend-\\ning to Lake Michigan on the west, and including all the territory\\nto the north in the Lower Peninsula. Mr. Bradley was a\\nnoble specimen of that type of Methodist preachers who 25\\nyears ago labored in the pioneer work of the Church in this\\nState. In person and in capacity to endure labor, he might well\\nbe called a giant. He had great natural ability. His voice sweet and\\npleasant in ordinary discourse, was at times a voice of thunder.\\nHis zeal and earnestness of purpose in his Master s cause stopped\\nat no sacrifice. When a boy I learned to love him, and in\\nmature years he commanded my highest respect. When he died\\nthe Church lost one of the best and purest men I ever knew.\\nThis appointment of trustees by Mr. Bradley was, I suppose,\\nfor this place (Saginaw City), although in terms general for the\\ncounty. The organization then created must, I think, have lapsed,\\nas when I came here it had no active existence, and was never after-\\nward recognized. Lyttle, I am informed, resided in what has since\\nbeen called South Saginaw, and died in the latter part of the year\\n1S50. Chamberlain resided, where I knew him years afterward,\\nin Tittabawassee township, where he died not long since. Hart I\\nnever knew. Bell, I think, must have been a minister who had\\nprior to that time preached here. None of them resided here in\\nthe spring of 1851. At this last named date there was no Methodist\\nChurch organization, no class and noregular preaching. Occasion-\\nally during the summer of that year, Bradley, as presiding elder,\\npreached in that part of the court-house then finished in the first\\nstory, used as a court-room, and for all public meetings. Prior to\\nthis, and as early as 1835 or 1836, Methodist ministers had\\nreached here in connection with other charges in Genesee county.\\nam told that Bell, Brown and Brockway had thus labored here.\\nMr. Brockway informed me that he bad preached here, but there\\nwas no organization and no class.\\nIn the fall of 1851 the Rev. C. C. Olds was sent by the Con-\\nference, and remained with us for one year. He organized a class,\\nconsisting of Theodore Dean, his two sisters and Mrs. Moore.\\nThis, I suppose, was the first class formed, and the commencement", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0621.jp2"}, "618": {"fulltext": "616 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nof the present Church organization, as it has been maintained to\\nthe present time. I know of no other person then resident here\\nwho professed to be a Methodist. There were several then resid-\\ning near Shattuck s mill: J. N. Gotee and his wife, who after-\\nward removed to this place and united with the Church; Mrs. Shat-\\ntuck, C. C. Batchelor, Mrs. Swarthout and, perhaps, others in that\\nvicinity; but they constituted a separate class, and held meetings\\nn the Ure school-house.\\nDean and his sisters, soon after this class was formed, moved to\\nEast Saginaw. The sisters married and removed to Winona, in\\nthe State of Minnesota, where they resided when I last heard from\\nthem. Dean left the country after a few years, and, I think, is\\ndead. Mrs. Moore is the sole resident survivor of that class. The\\nChurch records, I suppose, show the names of those who from that\\ntime to this have been members of the Church. I could give the\\nnames of many, but not all; and their recapitulation, if of record,\\ncould do us no good. Mr. Olds remained until the fall of 1852.\\nAt that date Bradley, who had been presiding elder for many\\nyears, was appointed to look after Saginaw City, East Saginaw,\\nBay City (then Lower Saginaw), and the whole Saginaw Yalley, in-\\ncluding the Indian missions. lie had no assistant. He was fol-\\nlowed in the fall of 1853 by A. C. Shaw, who resided at East Sagi-\\nnaw, and preached in both towns. In January, 185-1, a contract\\nwas made for lot 4, in block 7, north of Cass street, upon which\\nthe church in part stands. One of the duplicate contracts for the\\nlot I have preserved, and with this pass the same over to your\\nBoard, with the hope that it maybe kept. You will notice that it\\nis conditional, and binds no one but Mrs. Mackie, the grantor.\\nThere was good reason for this peculiarity. The party of the\\nsecond part is called the Trustees in Trust of the Methodist\\nEpiscopal Church at Saginaw; 1 but there were no trustees, and\\nthere was no one to contract. The pastor, Mr. Shaw, a very\\nzealous man, was determined to have a place of worship, and\\ncared little for any legal organization. The difficulty was solved\\nby the contract providing for payment of interest upon two hun-\\ndred and fifty dollars and taxes for five years, and at the end of\\nthat time, if the principal sum was paid, a deed was to be given; if\\nnot paid, the society had the right to remove buildings from the\\nlot. To make it sure that the interest and taxes would be paid, I\\nguarantied their payment in due form. Mr. Frazer, then Mrs.\\nMackie s attorney in fact, was satisfied; but whether any primary\\ncircumstances were such that the guaranty was of any real value\\nmight well be doubted by one as well advised as myself of my\\nfinancial condition.\\nSoon after this contract was made the old school-house was pur-\\nchased and moved upon the lot, fitted up as a chapel, and used as\\nsuch until the present church was built, when it was changed again\\nand made into a parsonage. It was used as a parsonage until fS73\\nor 1874, when it was sold and removed from the premises. This\\nold building has a history full of interest, but further than here", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0622.jp2"}, "619": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY.\\n617\\nstated, it does not belong properly to the Church. Nov. 18, 1859,\\nthe stipulated price of our lot was paid, and the title conveyed to\\nJames N Gotee, L. B. Curtis, Major W. Ilollister, Smith Palmer,\\nEdwin Saunders. George W. Davis and Abner Hubbard as trustees.\\nThe form of deed was that provided for in the discipline then in\\nuse. These persons had been, on the 5th of March preceding, ap-\\npointed trustees by William Fox, preacher in charge, and their\\ncertificates of appointment duly recorded in the clerk s office.\\nNov. 7. I860, ten feet of lot three, in block seven, lying adjoining\\nlot four, was purchased of James Fraser and George W. Bullock,\\nand on that day conveyed to the same trustees for the considera-\\ntion of S100. On the 16th of October, 1866, 50 feet of lot three\\nand ten feet of lot two were donated to the Church by L. B.\\nCurtis and myself, and conveyed to the Church by A. Lacy, under\\nan agreement made with him by Mr. Curtis and myself. These\\nthree conveyances granted to the Church, and it now owns in\\nfee-simple, lots three and four, block seven, north of Cass street,\\nand 10 feet of lot two, adjoining lot three, in said block. The\\nChurch building as first erected was commenced in the y r\\n1S59 or 1860, while Rev. William Fox was pastor, and finished in\\nL861. Charles C. Miller was the builder. It was afterward en-\\nlarged by the addition of 30 feet in the rear, and again still further\\nby what is now used as a lecture-room, etc.\\nlt might be of some interest in future, if not now, to have in\\naccessible form the names of all the preachers who have labored\\nhere since 1851. It is possible that there may be some mistakes\\nin the list given in the years when some of them came and the\\ntime they remained, as I give the same from memory. I think,\\nhowever, that the following is correct, viz.:\\nC. C. Olds 1851- 2\\nG -ge Bradley 1852- 3\\nA. C. Shaw in connection with\\nEast Saginaw) 18o3- 4\\nSamuel (lenient (in connec-\\ntion with\u00c2\u00abEasl Saginaw) 1854- 5\\nJohn Levington 1855- 7\\nIh --ins 1857- 8\\nWilliam Fox 18. )8- 00\\nArthur Edwards, 1860 to sum-\\nmer of 1861, when he became\\nchaplain of 1st Re r. Mich.\\nVol Inf I860-\\nR. s. Pardington 1861-3\\nJ. C. Cochrane 1863- 4\\nA. R. Bartlett 1864- 7\\n.1. H. Burnham 1867- 9\\nGeorge I. Belts 1869- 70\\nJ. X. Elwood 1870- 2\\nJ. Venning 1872- 5\\nThomas Stalker 1875- 7\\nBeth Reed 1877- 9\\nIsaac II. Reddick 1879- 81\\nIn 1867 my attention was called to certain informalities in the\\ncertificates of* incorporation that had been tiled and recorded in the\\nRegister s office, and in the name of the corporation. In that year\\nI prepared an act to change the corporate name, and the same was\\npassed by the Legislature and became a law. It may be found on\\npage 285 of 2d vol.. Laws of 1867. The corporate name, and in\\nwhich business should be done, is the Methodist Episcopal\\nChurch of the City of Saginaw. I wish I could give the years", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0623.jp2"}, "620": {"fulltext": "618 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwhen a good parsonage was built, but that gratification must be\\nleft for the future.\\nSince this sketch of the M. E. Church was written, the parson-\\nage, suggested by Hon. John Moore, was built, and improvement\\nafter improvement effected.\\nTHE AMES CHAPEL\\nin connection witli the M. E. Church was built in 1873, and\\ndedicated the same year. This chapel is located on the Penoyer\\nfarm, near Lincoln avenue. Rev. James Riley was the first\\nmissionary. Rev. Oscar W. Willetts succeeded him.\\nTHE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nThe Protestant Episcopal Society was organized in 1851, with\\nRev. Joseph Adderly as pastor. So early as 1836 James Busby,\\nMrs. Busby and Mrs. A. L. Richman, bein^the only members ot\\nthe Episcopal Church in the Valley of the Saginaw, took steps to\\norganize a society. In 1841 the services of the Church were held\\nhere by Rev. D. E. Brown, of Flint, for the first time; but not\\nuntil 1851 were the wishes of the first members of the Church here\\nacceded to. In that year Saginaw City was erected into the Prot-\\nestant Episcopal Parish of St. John. Rev. D. B. Lyon visited the\\nmission from 1846 until the coming of Rev. Joseph Adderly, dur-\\ning whose pastorate the parish was organized. Rev. V. Spalding\\nwas appointed to take charge of the mission Jan. 15, 1S53, by\\nBishop McCoskry.\\nBy a resolution of the wardens and vestry, adopted Jan. 22,\\n1853, Rev. Mr. Spalding was requested to become rector of the\\nChurch at a salary of $300 per annum. Another resolution\\nauthorized the loan of $2 0 from the Ladies Association to be\\napplied in completing the church building, the corner-stone ol\\nwhich was laid byRt. Rev. Bishop McCoskry, April 7, 1853. The\\nsum so borrowed was guarantied by a note, payable upon the com-\\npletion of the edifice, signed by E. J. Van Buren, Israel S. Catlin,\\nWardens; M. L. Gage, Charles L. Richman and Geo. H. Bullock,\\nVestrymen. At a meeting held March 28, 1853, under the presi-\\ndency of Rev. V. Spalding, F. Millard and G. W. Bullock were\\nappointed a building committee. Rev. O. H. Staples officiated\\nfor a short time in 1858. Rev. Edward McGee succeeded to the\\npastorate March IT, 1859.\\nThe new church was consecrated by Bishop McCoskry, May 0,\\nI860, in presence of the congregation and of the vestry. The lat-\\nter was represented on the occasion by X. Barnard, W. Binder,\\nM. Butman, N. I). Lee, J. Parish, D. H. Jerome, L. Webster,\\nGeo. Williams, Stewart B. Williams, and W. H. Sweet.\\nOwing to munificence at home and the earnestness with which\\nRev. Mr. Spalding and Charles L. Richman sought financial aid\\nabroad, the sum required to liquidate the debt incurred in building", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0624.jp2"}, "621": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW (ITY. 619\\nthe church was furnished; the two gentlemen named succeeded in\\ncollecting $1,100 in the Eastern towns, together with a baptismal\\nbowl and communion set, donated by Mrs. Hale, of Canandaigua.\\nGeo. W. Bullock presented the Bibie and prayer-book, which are\\nnow in possession of the pastor.\\nRev. Mr. McGee was succeeded in the pastorate by Rev. O. E.\\nFuller, June 18, L862. Rev, John Leetch, of Elmira, N V.,\\nwas called by the vestry July 1 IS*). Rev. W. H. Watts was\\nnext called to the rectorship, and entered upon the duties of his\\noffice Dec. 1, 1871. Mr. Watts was succeeded by Rev. L. S.\\nStevens, of Toledo, Ohio, Dee. 1, 1876, under whose administra-\\ntion the society has grown in number and influence. The church\\nwas enlarged auring the year 1873 at an expense of $2,200, and\\nthe rectory completed in L878 at a cost of $3,500. Further im-\\nprovements are proposed, among them being the erection of anew\\nchurch.\\nTIIK CATHOLIC CHURCH.\\nThere are no records on which to base data regarding the first\\nservices of the Church in the great camp ground of the Chippewa\\nIndians. It is, however, very probable that each and every one of\\nthe French missionaries visited the Saginaw Yalley, and, as is the\\ncustom of the ministers of that faith, erected a temporary altar,\\nwhereon to offer sacrifice. In the early trading days, before the\\ntreaty of Saginaw was perfected, the blacked-robed missionaries\\nwere wont to visit this section of the land at long intervals; and\\neven subsequently to 1819 a few priests came hither.\\nIn 1841 Rev. Martin Kundig arrived here to -establish aCatholic\\nmission, and in the month of May held service in the house of I.\\nJ. Maiden, on Water street, near the location of the first freight\\ndepot of the M. C. R. R. Rev. Lawrence Kilroy, afterward agent\\nof the State of Indiana in the war for the Union, and now of Strat-\\nford, C. W.. was appointed to the charge of the Saginaw mission,\\nand for many years held the services of the Church in the homes\\nof the people. Father Monahan and Kendekens succeeded him.\\nRev. II. T. II. Schntzes, Secretary to Bishop Borgess, was the first\\npriest appointed to the special charge of the Saginaw Valley mis-\\nsion. The first house of worship was a carpenter s shop, purchased\\nin 1852, which stood on Washington street, opposite the Baptist\\nchurch. In 1853 this building was moved to the N. E. corner of\\nMonroe and Washington, and used as a church for the 12 succeed-\\ning years. Rev. R. Vanderhayden was appointed priest of the\\nmission of Saginaw and East Saginaw in 1862, and under his direc-\\ntion the present church was built in 1865. Five years later the\\nbuilding was enlarged, the erection of schools commenced, and\\nsubsequently a parochial house erected. In 1866 the half parish\\nof East Saginaw was set off as a separate mission, and Rev. 11.\\nVanderhayden appointed pastor of the Church here. Since that", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0625.jp2"}, "622": {"fulltext": "020 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ntime schools have been built, the Sisters of Providence have estab-\\nlished a convent here, the church building has been enlarged and\\notherwise improved, the congregation has increased, and the\\ngeneral condition of the parish is satisfactory.\\nTHE SAGINAW BAPTIST CHURCH\\nwas organized Nov. 19, 1S63. From the time of the organization\\nof the Church in East Saginaw, in 1858, the Baptists on the west\\nside of the river had been connected with that Church. But in the\\nmonth of November, 1863, 14 of them asked for letters of dismis-\\nsion from the East Saginaw Church in order to form themselves\\ninto a Church in this city. The names of those 14 persons were\\nas follows: Y. A. Paine, Mrs. Harriet Paine, Ebenezer Briggs,\\nWm. M, Haskell, Mrs. Julia M. Haskell, Eli Townsend, Mrs. Han-\\nnah Townsend, Mrs. Belinda Benjamin, Mrs. Nancy A. Cody, Mrs.\\nMatilda Miller, Mrs. Christina Ross, Mrs. Mercia B. Palmer,\\nJane Low and Hannah Briggs.. In addition to these, Mrs. Julia\\nA. Burrows brought a letter from the First Church in Rochester,\\nN. Y., and Mrs. Jenny F. Paine brought one from the Church in\\nBay City, thus making the number of constituent members 16.\\nThe meeting for organization was held on the date above given\\nin the house of V. A. Paine, then standing on Court street in the\\nplace now occupied by the Jay Smith building, and now standing\\non the corner of Washington and Adams streets. Rev. J. S.\\nGoodman was chairman of the meeting and V. A. Paine was clerk.\\nThe Scriptures were read and prayer was offered by Rev. J. S. Good-\\nman. After the presentation of the letters, the Church was organ-\\nized by the adoption of the Articles of Faith and the Covenant.\\nEbenezer Briggs was chosen Clerk of the Church. Appointments\\nwere made for religious services on Sabbath afternoons and Thurs-\\nday evenings. Dec. 3, Wm. M. Haskell and Ebenezer Briggs were\\nchosen Deacons.\\nThe legal organization and incorporation of the Church and\\nSociety was effected in July, 1864. The trustees appointed at\\nthis time were Valorous A. Paine, George L. Burrows and Wm. J.\\nBartow.\\nThe Church held its services for a time in the jury room of the\\ncourt-house. The first church building owned by the Church was\\nthe one on the corner of Fayette and Franklin streets, now owned\\nby the Evangelical Association. This church was dedicated in 1865.\\nThe Mission chapel, on Fayette street between Perry and Dearborn,\\nwas dedicated June 4, 1871. The church building on Washing-\\nton street, near Adams, was bought of the Liberal Christian Society,\\nand was dedicated on the 27th of March, 187S. The sermon on\\nthis occasion was preached by Rev. Dr. Hotchkiss, of Buffalo. N.\\nY. The parsonage on Fayette street near Franklin, has been\\noccupied since July 31, 1S77.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0626.jp2"}, "623": {"fulltext": "8A.OINAW OITY fi il\\nPastors. Although Rev. J. 8. G-oodinan was never formally\\ncalled to the pastorate of the Church, he virtually did the work of\\na pastor for three years and over from the time of its organization.\\nDuring his term of service the first church building was erected.\\nRev. L. L. Fittz was the first settled pastor. lie began his work\\nin January, L867, and remained for one year. Rev. X. P. Barlow\\nbegan work with the Church in September, 1868. He was or-.\\ndarned on the L4th of October in that year. He remained for a\\nyear and a half, till the spring of L870. During Ids pastorate the\\nMission Sunday-school was organized, and the chapel was nearly\\ncompleted. Rev. W. K. Lyon was next called to the pastorate.\\nHe began his work in May, l s 7 ami remained for two years and\\nnine months, closing his work in 1873. Rev. W W. rattengill\\nwas the next pastor. lie began work June 1. 1873, and closed\\nhis pastorate May 31, L881, after eight years of service. It\\nwas during the time of his pastorate that the parsonage was erected\\nand the present church edifice was purchased.\\nDeacons, Sunday-school Swpts. ulerk, etc., As already noticed.\\nWin. II. Haskell, and Ebenezer Briggs were elected the first\\ndeacon-. LJponthe death ofDeacon Briggs, in L872, Wm. T. Tib-\\nbits was chosen to sneered him. In September. 1880, the number\\nof deacons was increased by electing W. P. Morgan and Oscar C.\\nDavis to the office. Deacon E. Briggs was the first church clerk.\\nWm. Tibbits served a few months as clevkprotem., when X. W.\\nDenison was appointed.\\nThe first superintendent of the Sunday-school was Rev. J. S.\\nGoodman. He was succeeded by Dr. (4eo. Xorthrup. Levi Clark\\nnext held the office. He was succeeded in l s 71 by Dr. W. P.\\nMorgan, who still holds the office. The Mission Sunday-school\\nwas organized by Rev. X. P. Barlow, who was the first superin-\\ntendent. The office has since been held by Messrs. Irving, Pat-\\ntengill and Wood. Mr. Wood having held the office for six years.\\nThe number of trustee- was increased in 1875 from three to\\nseven. The trustees at present are: G-. S. Burrows, O.C.Davis,\\nN. W. Denison. W. P. Morgan. A. B. Paine, Wm. T. Tibbits, X.\\nS.Wood. Theyappoinl the treasurer. X. S. Wood has held that\\noffice since February, 1 N 7-\\nAuxiliary Organizations. The Woman s Mis-ion Circle for\\nboth home and foreign missions. President. Mrs. W. W. Patten-\\nThe Children s Mission Hand, under the direction of Mrs. V\\\\ A.\\nPaine and Mrs. (i. L Burrows.\\nThe Ladies 1 Aid Society. President, Mrs. X. S. Wood.\\nThe Foune folk- Literary Society. President. Latham A.\\nourr ws.\\nTwo hundred and seventeen persons have been connected with\\nthis Church since its organization. Of these 114 are still mem-\\nbers.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0627.jp2"}, "624": {"fulltext": "622 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThis Church has made a good record in benevolent work.\\nRegular and systematic contributions are made in the Church and\\nin the Sunday-school for missionary purposes. This Church has\\nunited with other Churches in promoting the temperance work in\\nthe city. Its members purpose to give sympathy and help to\\nevery enterprise which aims to secure the moral and spiritual wel-\\nfare of the community.\\nTill; GERMAN EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH.\\nAs early as 1847 Rev. F. Sievers, from Frankenlust, preached\\nto a few families, viz: H. Selteriede s, M. Hancke s and G.\\nDierker s, in their houses. The congregation was organized Jan.\\n29, 1849. It embraces the canonical books of the Bible as the\\nword of God and adheres unreservedly to the symbolical books of\\nthe Evangelical Lutheran Church, as contained in the Book of\\nConcord, published 1580. The small congregation (J. A. Gender.\\nK. F. Kull, J. J. Weiss, E. Weggel, J. M. Hancke, G. Dierker,\\nM. Backer, M. Gremel, M. Winkler, J. M. Strauss) extended a\\ncall as pastor to the candidate of theology, O. Homer Cloeter. He\\naccepted and was installed Nov. 30, by Rev. F. Sievers. In 1850\\nthe congregation became a member of the German Evangelical\\nLutheran Synod of Missouri, Ohio and other States. In the same\\nyear the congregation bought a lot on the southeast corner of Court\\nand Washington streets, and in the following year built a small\\nchurch and parsonage thereon, and the church was dedicated Nov.\\n16. In the year 1852 the congregation was presented with half\\nan acre of land in Hermannsan for a grave-yard. In 1855 the con-\\ngregation bought a house with two lots on the southwest corner of\\nAdams and Webster streets, for a parsonage, and the small house\\nbeside the church was used for school purposes. Two years later Rev.\\nCloeter accepted a call to serve as missionary among the Indi-\\nans in Minnesota; his successor was Rev. J. A. Huegli. In 1859\\nthe church proved to be too small, and it was in consequence en-\\nlarged. At the end of the same year Rev. J. A. Huegli accepted\\na call to Detroit, Mich. as his successor Rev. M. Guenther was\\ninstalled Jan. 8, 1850. In 1863 the congregation bought two acres\\non the cross road for a burying ground. In the year 1866 the\\ncongregation sold the parsonage on Adams street, bought four lots\\non Court, between Harrison and Fayette streets, and erected anew\\nparsonage costing $1,200, on the northeast corner of Harrison and\\nCourt streets, in 1868 the congregation built a new church, a\\nbrick building, lt 5x48 feet, on the northwest corner of Court and\\nFayette streets, costing about $18,000. The church was dedicated\\nFeb. 7, 1869. In the year 1872 Rev. M. Guenther accepted a call\\nto Chicago, 111., and his successor was the present pastor, Jos.\\nSchmidt. A new organ w T as bought in 1875, costing $2,000. About\\n160 families belong to the Church, w T ith 900 souls. At presentthe\\nofficers of the Church are: 1. Church Elders H. Graebner, A.\\nMittelberger, A. Graebner, G. Streeb, J. Gaensbauer; 2. Trustees", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0628.jp2"}, "625": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 623\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094P. Schlenk, W. Seidel, sen., J. Winter, jr.; 3, School Collect-\\ned I. Street), Gr. Torn, Schaefer, N. Stroebel, sen.\\nThe Church members deem it their Christian duty to provide\\ntheir children with sound, religious instruction, and therefore\\nespecially parochial schools. From the beginning the pastors of\\nthe hurch (on account of the congregation not having the means\\nrapport a teacher), besides their ministerial duties, took the\\nwork in the school upon themselves. On account of the old\\nparsonage, besides the first church being too small, the congre-\\ngation built a school-house in 1861 and called a teacher. In\\n1st a school-house costing $1,200 was built in Hermannsan\\n(town Carrollton, three miles from the court-house in Saginaw\\nCity) and a second teacher was called. In 1868 a two-story\\nframe school-building was erected on Court street, between\\nFayette and Harrison streets, at a cost of $2,500. A third teacher\\nwas called in L872. The present teachers of the congregation are\\nMessrs. C. Riedel and W. Klemm in the city, and A. Weiss\\nin Hermannsan. The present number of the school children\\nis 160.\\nst. padl s evangelical Lutheran church\\nwas organized Nov. 30, 1851, by Rev. Julius Ehrhart with 22\\nmembers. The first officers were Win. Barie and M. Strauss, Dea-\\ncon.-: J. P. Roller, H. Schnu phase and Dr. M. C. T. Plessner, Trus-\\ntees. Six years later a church was erected at the corner of\\nHarrison and Ames streets. Subsequently, in 1869, the present\\nchurch was built, at a cost of $8,000, and dedicated Oct. IT, of\\nthat year.\\nThe first pastor of this Church was Rev. J. Ehrhart. Since his\\nministry the following named gentlemen have officiated as pastors\\nand teachers: Christian Foltz, Conrad Foltz, C. Adam, Hugh B,\\nKuhn. At present Rev. Chris. Eberhardt officiates as pastor, with\\nE. Sperling teacher of the parochial school. The present officers of\\nthe society are Melchior Diebel and Fred Kreinman, Deacons; A.\\nF. Richter. C. Bassee and II. Meyer, Trustees; E. Sperling, Secre-\\ntary. The membership is set down at 192.\\nThe school was established at the same time as the Church, and\\notters to the children of the parish an elementary education in Eng-\\nlish and German. The old church, built in 1857, is devoted to the\\npurposes of the school since 1869. The entire property of this\\nsociety in Saginaw City is valued at $12,000.\\nTHE LIBERAL CHRISTIAN CHUECH.\\nThis society was organized in 1871, with Rev. J. H.Burnham as\\npastor. Immediately succeeding organization the members resolved\\nto build a church, and within a few months witnessed the dedica-\\ntion of a house of worship July 18, 1871. At one period in the\\nhistory of this society, the congregation numbered 270 members;\\nbut the organization was discontinued, the building sold to the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0629.jp2"}, "626": {"fulltext": "621 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nBaptist society, and the members left at liberty to attach them-\\nselves to any section of the Christian Church. The building erected\\nin 1871 remains to bnv testim my to the earnestness which\\ncharacterized its projectors, as well as to their financial and relig-\\nious liberality.\\nTHE EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION\\nwas formed in 1875 by Rev. M. Heinninger, o f Flint, with Vin-\\ncent Gaum, C. L. and President; Daniel Haller, Secretary; John\\nHimmelbach, Treasurer, and Rev. J. M. Fuehs, Pastor. In 1878,\\nthe old Baptist church on Lafayette and Franklin streets was pur-\\nchased by the association for $1,500, and improved at an additional\\nexpense of $600. The first members of the association included:\\nVincent Gaum, Rosa Gaum, August Wagner, Caroline Wagner,\\nAugust Man, Augusta Man, John Adam Stengel, Barbara Stengel,\\nKatie Stengel, Henrietta Guenther, Louise Guenther, Albert\\nGuenther, Mary Nast, Charles Jahrmarkt and Herman Jahrmarkt,\\n15 in all. The pastors from date of organization to the present\\ntime are as follows: J. M. Fuchs, C. C. Stiffield, W. F. Zanders\\nand H. Schneider. The present officers of the society are John\\nHadel, President; Augustus Mann, Secretary; Vincent Gaum,\\nTreasurer and Class Leader. Daniel Haller was first Superin-\\ntendent of Sunday-school, John Ilimmelbach is the present Super-\\nintendent; Barbara Stengel, Secretary; V. Gaum, Treasurer. The\\npresent membership is 45.\\nCITY SCHOOLS.\\nThe following sketch of the city schools was prepared by Prof.\\nC. B. Thomas, principal of the high school, for this work.\\nAfter the lapse of nearly a half century, it is a difficult task to\\ngather material for a complete and accurate history of any particular\\ndepartment of social history. It is especially so in regard to educa-\\ntional matters.\\nThe public schools of a frontier town have always a humble\\nbeginning. Those who were instrumental in instituting and main-\\ntaining them, often die, or remove to other localities before the his-\\ntory is called for. The teachers in early days are migratory in\\ntheir habits, doing but temporary work, and almost no official\\nrecords are left behind. These and other obstacles have made the\\npreparation of this sketch a matter of no little difficulty.\\nThe people who came to Saginaw, in its early settlement, brought\\nwith them the educational habit. They believed in public schools\\nof the New England and New York type, and lost little time in\\nmaking preparation for the education of the children.\\nIt is not quite certain when the first school was opened here.\\nProbably it was held in a building within the fort, or stockade, on\\nwhat is now Hamilton street, near the present site of Kehoe s", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0630.jp2"}, "627": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 625\\ngrocery store. Irs teacher was Judge Albert Miller, of Vermont.\\nThis beginning was made about 1835. It was a private school, and\\nMr. Miller may have been followed by one or two others in schools\\nof similar organizations.\\nIn 1 837 school district No. 1, of Saginaw township, was organized,\\nami the first school-house, a small frame building, was erected near\\nthe present site of the court-house, on the south side of Court street.\\nSome years later the building was removed across Court street, and\\ni a location where the jail now stands. It was used for school\\npurposes till the erection of a more pretentious building in 1851- 2,\\nwhen it was again moved and transformed into a parsonage for the\\nM. E. society. It was subsequently removed a third time, fit-\\nted up for domestic purposes, and is still occupied as a dwelling-\\nhouse. The first teacher in this primitive temple of learning was\\nprobably Horace Beach, of New York. His labors must have been\\nsatisfactory to the young community, for he was retained for sev-\\neral terms, from the completion of the house in 1837, till about\\n1840.\\nFollowing him in the winter of 1840- l, came Henry A. Camp-\\nbell and Dion Birney, the latter a brother of Hon. James G.\\nBirney; and in the summer of 1841 Miss Catherine Beach, after-\\nward Mrs. Samuel Shattuck. From 1842 to 1845, three years,\\nthe school had several different teachers, including Ira Bissell, of\\nGrand Blanc; Daniel Woodin, of St. Clair; and Edwin Ferris, of\\nNew York, who succeeded each other in about the order named.\\nDuring the term of Mr. Ferris, the number of pupils became too\\ngreat for one room and teacher. An addition was therefore made\\nto the building, and an assistant teacher, Miss Harmony Haywood,\\nof Flint, employed.\\nAbout the close of this time, a Mr. Woodman, from Hamilton\\nX. Y.. was employed for a few months. In 1845 Miss Harriet A.\\nSpalding, a 3 T ouug lady, of fine education and accomplishments,\\ncame to Saginaw from Boston, Mass. She came here as a mission-\\nary, and, in the public schools, found an excellent opportunity to\\nadvance good work among the young. That her mission was not\\nin vain there is abundant evidence. Pupils of hers, still residents\\nhere, have in their possession letters written to them after her de-\\nparture, which prove their love for her, and her sincere regard for\\nthem. Miss Spalding was engaged in the schools for two years,\\n1 v 45 and 1846. From 1847 to 1850, four 3 7 ears, there were several\\nteachers, perhaps in the following order: Miss Eliza Booth, E. C.\\nIrwin. Miss Anna Dayton, Joseph A. Bipley, of Tuscola, Charles\\nT. Disbrow, and Milo Woodard, of Ohio. During 1847, while the\\ndistrict school was in charge of Miss Booth, a private school was\\nopened and taught for several months by Miss Angeline J. Berry,\\nbut, from its beginning, as a rule, the public school met the educa-\\ntional needs of the time.\\nAbout April, ls51, Augustine S. Gaylord, of Ohio, was secured\\nas a teacher, and he taught about six months, with an average attend-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0631.jp2"}, "628": {"fulltext": "626 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nance of 55 scholars. In November, 1851, Mr. Gaylord was ap-\\npointed deputy county clerk, and was succeeded in the school by\\nMr. Charles Johnson, who was employed till the fall of 1853. At\\nthat time the new building, in process of erection during the pre-\\nvious year, was completed, and at about the same time Saginaw\\nabolished the rate bill and made her schools absolutely free, being\\namong the first localities in her State to take this action.\\nIn December, 1853, Charles R. Gaylord was engaged as prin-\\ncipal of the new Union school, at a salary of $500 for a year of\\n44 weeks. Mr. Gaylord s private letters, written at the time,\\nstate that this was the highest compensation ever before given to a\\nSaginaw teacher. Of the school-house itself, which was considered\\na very fine one, he says: It is well built, capable of seating 200\\npupils, and was erected after plans suggested by the Hon. Ira\\nMayhew, in a work on Popular Education, pages 38S- J\\nMr. Gaylord was assisted by Miss Mary A. Rice, of Grand Blanc,\\nand the two rooms had an average attendance of 150 pupils. In\\nthe following year, 1854- 5, two assistants were needed, the aver-\\nage attendance rising to 180.\\nMr. Gaylord resigned his position during the summer vacation,\\nopened a law office in what was then Lower Saginaw, and died\\nOct. 14, 1855.\\nThe studies pursued in the school during Mr. Gaylord s time\\nwere the common English branches, natural philosophy, algebra,\\nand Latin.\\nMr. Gaylord was succeeded by P. S. Heisrodt, whose adminis-\\ntration, somewhat noted for its vigor, lasted till 1859, when A. L.\\nBingham, a life-long and very successful teacher, was called to the\\nhead of the schools. Mr. Bingham remained in the schools about\\nthree years. From this time their history is too familiar to re-\\nquire detail. The principals who succeeded to their management\\nafter Mr. Bingham, and the time of their engagement, may be\\ngiven briefly, as follows: Isaac Delano, one year; Lucius Birds-\\neye, two years; Joseph W. Ewing, four years; C. D. Heine, three\\nyears; Cornelius A. Gower, four years; and Cyrus B. Thomas,\\nthe present superintendent.\\nOf all whose names have been mentioned, but four are now\\nknown to be engaged in teaching, viz.: Mr. Bingham; Mr. Ewing,\\nSupt. at Ionia; Mr. Gower, Supt. of the State Reform School, at\\nLansing, and Mr. Thomas, the present Supt. of the Saginaw\\nSchools.\\nOf the teachers in subordinate capacity, who are still engaged\\nin the city schools, there are a few who deserve especial mention\\nfor their long-continued and faithful services: Miss Sibyl C.\\nPalmer has taught 10 years; Miss Josephine E. Johnston, nine\\nyears; Miss Sarah L. Johnston, nine years; Miss M. Josephine\\nAlexander, 10 years; Mrs. Juliette Fonda, 13 years; and Mrs. Mary\\nH. Prentiss, who has taught for 21 years.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0632.jp2"}, "629": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 627\\nThe present corps of teachers is given below\\nCyrus I! Thomas, Superintendent.\\nthi Central highsehool George Hempel, Principal of high school; Mi-s\\nMan B. Gelston, Miss Isabella Ripsom, Assistants in high-school.\\nHiss Sibyl 0. Palmer, 8th grade.\\nM i-- Annie Land, 8th grade.\\nMiss Josephine E. Johnston, 7th grade.\\nMi-s Maggie A Durand, 7th and 5th grail.\\nMiss Sarah L. Johnston, 6th grade.\\nMi Minnie I. De Land. 5th grade.\\nMi May E. Atwater, 4th grade,\\nMiss Fannie 1. Lom is. 3d grade.\\n.Miss Lucy L. Townsend, 2d and 1st grade.\\nGerman-English Department. Mr. Constantin Wat/., Principal 5th and 6th\\ngrade.\\nMiss Mary H. Prentiss, 4th grade.\\nMi^s Emily Barck, 3d grade.\\nMi-s Flon-ncc E. Guillott, 2d grade.\\nMiss Anna Rose, 1 s1 grade.\\nFirst Ward School. Miss Amelia Alber, 6th and 5th grades.\\nMi s Emily Case. 4th and 3d grades,\\nMiss M. Josephine Alexander, 2d and 1st grades.\\nThird Ward School\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Miss Alniina Burrows, 4th and 3d grades.\\nMi-s Carrie Hodman. 2d and 1st grades.\\nFourth Ward School. Miss Gertrude Lee, 5th and 4th grades\\nMis- K Inula I. Van Zile, 3d and 2d grades.\\nMiss Jessie Lee. 1st grade\\nMiss EmmaPlessner (German and English department), 2d and 1st grades.\\nFifth Ward School. Mr. L. M. Fetzer (German and English department), 2d\\ngrade.\\nMiss Sadie Ketcham, 2d and 1st grade-.\\nMiss Leila M Lynn (German and English department), 1st grade.\\nAt the time the first school-house was built, 1837, the popula-\\ntion of Saginaw probably did not exceed 200, and the one school-\\nroom furnished ample accommodation for the pupils. The hard\\ntimes which ruined the business of the country about that time,\\ngreatly reduced the little settlement, and for several years growth\\nwas slow, and additional rooms were not needed.\\nIn 1848- 9, however, population began to increase; people were\\nflocking to the lumber regions, and the necessity of a larger educa-\\ntional establishment became more and more apparent.\\nIn 1851- 2. with a population somewhat above 500, what was, in\\nthose days, a fine, large school-house, was erected on the south side\\nof Court street, and nearly opposite the present highsehool. It\\nwas two-stories high, was divided midway of its length by a hall\\nand double stair-case, and contained four rooms, two above and\\ntwo below. It w r as planned to accommodate from 200 to 250\\npupils. It stood on its original site till after the erection of the\\nCentral high school, in 1867- 8, when it was removed to the Fourth\\nward, wdiere it continues to serve, in an enfeebled and dilapidated\\ncondition, the cause it was deemed at first to highly houor.\\nIn 1860 the population had increased to nearly 1,800, and the\\nneed of additional school room began to be felt. From that time\\ntill 1868 immigration to the Saginaw Valley was so rapid that it\\nwas almost impossible for those in charge of the educational affairs", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0633.jp2"}, "630": {"fulltext": "028 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nof Saginaw City to provide accommodations for the children desir-\\ning to be admitted to school. The School Board erected a new\\nschool every year or two, but not until 1868 was the demand fully\\nmet.\\nThe Sixth ward school-house was built in 1863. It is a two-\\nstory brick, cost about $3,000, and though plain outwardly, its\\ntwo school-rooms furnish pleasant accommodations for 120 pupils.\\nStudents complete four years work in it before promotion to the\\nCentral school.\\nIn 1865- 6 a fine brick school-house was erected in the Third\\nward, at a cost of about $7,500, It is two-stories high, and con-\\ntains two large and well-lighted rooms, with ample hall and cloak\\naccommodations. Pupils from the Third ward remain in this\\nbuilding four years, or until they have completed the studies of the\\nfirst four grades, when they are promoted to the fifth grade in the\\nCentral building.\\nThe First ward school, on what is known as the Pen oyer farm,\\nis a frame building one story in height, and in style a cottage. It\\ncontains three school-rooms, and pupils there complete the work\\nof six grades, before promotion to the Central school. It was\\nerected in 1868, and, with a subsequent addition, made in 1872.\\ncost about $3,oi hi.\\nThe Central or high-school building was erected in 1867- S,\\nand was at that time, perhaps, the finest and most commodious\\nschool-house in the State. It is built of brick, trimmed with cut\\nstone, three-stories high, with a basement, and is crowned with a\\nMansard roof, above which rises a lofty bell tower. While no\\nattempt at architectural display is apparent in its design, it is\\nmassive and imposing in its appearance, a noble monument to the\\nwisdom and intelligence of the community, and a striking evidence\\nof the willingness of the people to provide munificently for the\\neducation of their children. The building contains 27 school and\\nrecitation rooms, and is capable of seating about 800 pupils. All\\nthe grades are represented here, pupils remaining 12 years in the\\nschool before graduation. The building is now warmed by steam,\\nthoroughly ventilated, and exceedingly well fitted for its purpose.\\nThe Fifth-ward building is the latest erected in the city. It\\noccupies a whole square on Charles street, one block north of\\nCourt. It is a two-story frame building, contains four rooms, and\\nwill seat 200 pupils. It was built in 1872, at a cost of $5,000. At\\npresent but three of its rooms are needed for school purposes, and\\npupils are promoted from it on completing the work of the second\\ngrade.\\nIn 1870 the population of the city had reached 7,460, and its\\nofficial school census showed 2,147 children of school age (from five\\nto 21 years). The number of teachers employed was 25. The\\ntotal enrollment of pupils for that year was 1,408, and the average\\ndaily attendance was about 800.\\nIn 1880 the population of the city was 10,650, and the school\\ncensus showed 3,233 children of a school age. There were in the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0634.jp2"}, "631": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY.\\n629\\nemploy of the board 35 teachers, including the superintendent and\\nspecial teachers in penmanship, drawing and music (three in all).\\nThe total enrollment of pupils was 1,767, and the average daily at-\\ntendance for the year was 1,233.\\nBy a special enactment of the Michigan Legislature, the Union\\nSchool district of Saginaw was organized in 1865, and put under\\nthe exclusive control of a School Board of six trustees. Under\\nthis special act, the schools were carefully reorganized with three\\ndepartments primary, grammar and high school. Each of tiiese\\ndepartments cover four school years, 12 years completing the full\\ncourse.\\nA course of study was prescribed for these 12 years, and the\\nfirst class that completed this prescribed course, graduated from\\nthe high school in 1870. The folowing is a list of the graduates\\nsince that time:\\n1870.\\nAl bie Briggs,\\nBrockway,\\nAllie Burnham,\\nGeorge Canfield,\\nWilliam arpenter,\\nLucy Fish,\\nStella Gaylord,\\nGeorgie Green,\\nEdward Stone,\\nRhoda Van Zile.\\n1871.\\nSarah Burnbain,\\nHelen Canfield,\\nOren Dunham,\\nNettie Ripley,\\nBruce Smith,\\nNettie Smith.\\n1872.\\nIda West.\\nL873.\\nMillie Allen,\\nFlorence Chapin,\\nMitt ie Curtis,\\nLouise Schick,\\nLucy L. Townsend.\\n1874.\\nL. B. Fonda,\\nCharles Fowler,\\nRoderick Iline,\\nLizzie Lewis,\\nJulia Little,\\nEliza Loxley,\\nJennie Prentiss,\\nCharles Smith,\\nEmma Stoelker,\\nWarren Trude.\\n1875.\\nMaggie Bernhard,\\nAnnie Bryant,\\nLizzie Frazer,\\nSadie Ketcham,\\nGertrude Lee,\\nCldoe Richards.\\n1*76.\\nWilliain E. Crane,\\nCharles Denison,\\nWilliam J. Schick.\\n1877.\\nA. H. Swarthout,\\nHelen Little,\\nEvelyn Smith,\\nM. E. Stafford,\\nWinifred Smith,\\nMary E. Culver,\\nLaura Walker,\\nJessie Lee,\\nIsaac B. Parsons,\\nJennie Meed,\\nE. W. Ballentine,\\nCharles E. Foote.\\n1878.\\nEdward A. Moye,\\nFannie C. Lewis.\\nCarrie Redman,\\nHannah Smith,\\nSarah Lewis.\\n1879.\\nMary A. Fowler,\\nMary E. Atwater,\\nMinnie I. De Land,\\nSophie Seyffardt,\\nNettie Goldsmith,\\nLeila M. Lyon,\\nElla Walker,\\nFlora E. Guillott,\\nJessie M. Laylin.\\n1880.\\nThomas S. Jerome,\\nLeslie B. Hanchett,\\nAlice M. Whitman,\\nViolet G. Lewis,\\nEmil Bernhanl,\\nG. A. F. Schoenberg\\nEgbert T. LoetHer,\\nMelinda Ogilvie,\\nCaro B. Whitney,\\nRiley L. Crane.\\n1881.\\nEmil Bauer,\\nMathilda Becker,\\nCarrie Beeman,\\nMamie M- Galium,\\nH. A. T. Crippen,\\nCarrie A. De Land,\\nLangley S. Foote,\\nAnnie M. Holcomb,\\nCatherine James,\\nJay Smith, jr.,\\nHattie B. Whitman\\nIn concluding this sketch of the Saginaw schools mention should\\nnot be omitted of those who, in early days, gave time and at-\\ntention to promote their welfare. Such service is, as a rule, with-\\nout adequate reward, unless the consciousness of doing good,\\nthough unappreciated, work may be counted compensation.\\nIn the earlier years Hiram L. Miller, Dr. Davis, Hon. Jabez\\nSutherland, Dr. Michael C. T. Plessner were conspicuous.\\nLater, lion. John Moore, William II. Sweet, Esq., Hon. Benton\\nHanchett, Jay Smith, Esq., Dr. I. N. Smith, Dr. J. H. Jerome\\nand D. B. Ketcham (deceased) took an active and honorable\\npart.\\nThe present board is comprised of the following gentlemen\\nPresident, Hon. David H. Jerome, Governor of Michigan Secre-\\n38", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0635.jp2"}, "632": {"fulltext": "630 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ntarv, Judge Otto Roeser; Treasurer, George L. Burrows; Trustees,\\nD. L. C. Eaton, A. T. Bliss and A. W. Achard.\\nIn June, 1880, a committee of the Faculty of the University ot\\nMichigan, invited by the School Board, visited the Saginaw City\\nschools, and carefully examined into their organization and the\\nmethods and thoroughness of the instruction given.\\nAs a result, the school was at once recognized as a preparatory\\ndepartment of the University, and its graduates of 18S0 were ad-\\nmitted to the University classes without examination at Ann\\nArbor.\\nConnected with the school is a well selected library of over\\n3,000 volumes, to which the students of the schools, as well as the\\ncitizens generally, have free access. Each year the Board ap-\\npropriates $200 for the purchase of new books, and the number of\\nvolumes is steadily increasing.\\nThe high school is abundantly supplied with encyclopedias,\\ngeneral books of reference, chemical and philosophical apparatus,\\nin fact everything to make the school what it really is one of the\\nbest in Northern Michigan.\\nCATHOLIC SCHOOLS.\\nThe buildings devoted to secular and religious education by\\nthe Catholics of the city were commenced in 1872, and the school-\\nhouse completed the same year, at a cost of $5,000. Three years\\nlater the convent and boarding school building was erected at an\\nexpense of over $5,000, and the town lots, upon which the structures\\nwere raised, purchased from Gotfried Chourner for a considera-\\ntion of $2,500. The first building was opened for school purposes\\nFeb. 10, 1873, with Miss Ellen McGee and Miss Laura Devlin as\\nteachers. These ladies continued to instruct 120 pupils until the\\ncoming of the Sisters of Providence, in 1876, who formally\\nopened the schools, September 4th, that year, with Rev. Sister\\nMary Matthew as Superioress. The number of children then in\\nattendance was 200. In 1879 Rev. Sister Mary Cyrilla succeeded\\nthe first Superioress, who was removed to the more important\\ncharge of the Galesburg, 111., Convent. In July, 1880, Sister\\nCyrilla was appointed to the charge of the Port Huron Convent\\nschools, and her position here conferred upon Rev. Sister Perolina,\\nthe present Superioress. This lady, with eight sisters, conduct\\nthe various classes of the schools. Instruction is offered in\\nFrench, German and English literature, music, painting and draw-\\ning, with the ordinary English courses. The pupils boarding at\\nthe convent number 12; while the number in attendance on day\\nschool aggregates about 210. Boys over 12 years of age attend\\nthe city schools.\\nNotwithstanding the fact that the members of the Roman Catho-\\nlic Church of this city sustain these schools, and also pay a share\\nof the taxation for common-school purposes, they claim a school\\nproperty valued at $15,000. The system of education is religio-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0636.jp2"}, "633": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW cm 631\\nsecular, and appears to be attended with all the high results whicl\\nthe supporters of a liberal denominational education claim.\\nTHE CITY WATEK WORKS.\\nThe building of the water works was entered upon in 1872, and\\ncompleted the same year. The estimated total expense of build-\\nin-- and machinery is $150,000. The works are under control of\\nthe Board of Water Commissioners, with a superintendent and\\nengineer in charge.\\nThe Holly system is in use. There are five engines fourpiston\\nand one rotary employed, with a capacity of 3,000,000 gallons\\nper 24 hours, ordinary pressure, and 6,000,000 gallons, high\\npresssure. There are two tubular boilers 5x16 feet. The water\\nsupply is drawn from the center of the Saginaw river, where the\\nchannel is 23 feet deep.\\nThe Water Board is composed as follows: Thomas L.\\n.laekson, President; D. C. Dixon, Secretary; I. L. Adams, David\\nCrowley and A. W. Achard, members. The officers of the works\\nare: F. G. Clifton, Chief Engineer; Robert McLain, Asst. Engineer;\\nAntoine Anchette, Superintendent; John W. Brown and August\\nKerp, Firemen.\\nTHE FIRE DEPARTMENT\\nwas organized April 1, 1881, as a paid department of the munic-\\nipality. Previously it was composed of a chief engineer, with\\nfirst and second assistants, and a corps of nine men. The equip-\\nment consisted of a steam tire engine, hook and ladder wagon, one\\ndouble hose-cart and six hand hose-carts. The engine is seldom\\nbrought into use. as the splendid system of waterworks lends a\\nsufficient supply of water to combat lire.\\nThe department house was built in 1869. The city has one paid\\ndepartment composed of six men, two horses, and four volunteer\\nhose-cart companies. House No. 1 is located on Hamilton street;\\nNo. 2, corner Hamilton Farley; No. 3, Water street; and No. 4,\\nat Penoyer farm. At the central building is a steam engine, one\\nof Silsby*s largest size, bought in 1867, at a cost of $6,000. There\\ni- one hook and ladder truck kept at House No. 1. The present\\ndepartment was organized April 1, 1881. There are five firemen\\nreceiving $35 per month, a driver who receives $40 and house-\\nrent, and chief and assistant engineers. The department is sup-\\nplied with :!.4 \u00c2\u00bb(i feet of hose. The whole is under the charge of\\nChief Robert WHey, now serving his third year as chief, and his\\n20th in connection with the city fire companies. Telephone at-\\ntachments exist from the waterworks to the central house. There\\nis a watch from 8 p. m. to ti a. m. in the tower. The roll is as fol-\\nlows: Robert Wiley, Chief Engineer; Angus Mclntyre, Asst.\\nChief; John Frederick, Fireman; James Latiair, Asst. Fireman;\\nAndrew Flieges. Frank Vondett, John LaMott; Benj. Smith,\\nI driver.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0637.jp2"}, "634": {"fulltext": "632 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSOCIETIES.\\nThe Masonic, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, (rood Templars.\\nPatrons of Husbandry, Workingmen s Aid Society, Teutonia\\nTurn-verein, with literary and musical societies form the organ-\\nized social circles of the city. It is unnecessary to inquire into\\nthe objects of many of these associations. The secret societies\\nhave many conscientious opponents, even as it is evident they\\nhave a large number of supporters. There is no doubt whatever\\nregarding an existing disposition among the members of such\\nsocieties to do good to one another, to live within a family circle.\\nOnly when the secret orders depart from the social tie which binds\\nthem, for the purpose of entering the political arena, at the bidding\\nof some influential individual, can danger ensue; but after all,\\nsuch a course could not now be followed within the Republic. A\\nknowledge of what man owes to himself is too extended here to\\npermit any one man to lead a society; thus the dangers which secret\\nsocieties breed abroad are unknown here, and this being so, there\\ncannot exist an objection to fraternal organizations.\\nTHE MASONIC SOCIETY\\ncomprises Joppa Chapter, No. 63; Germania Lodge, No. 79; Sag?\\ninaw Valley Lodge, No. 154; and Apollo Lodge. Of these Masonic\\ncircles, the Germania is the oldest, being organized in Dr. Pless-\\nners house, March, 1854. The first officers were M. C. T.\\nPlessner, W. M. Count Solmes, S. W; and G. Liskow, J. W. The\\nofficers, with five members, organized this lodge and held their\\nmeetings in the lodge room at the corner of Cass and Hamilton\\nstreets. Dr. Plessner was Wor. Master from 1854 to 1862; Otto\\nRoeser, 1863-4; Dr. Plessner, 1865- Y4, Count Solmes, 1875- 6;\\nFrom 1877 to the present time the W. Masters have been Henry\\nBarnhard, A. W. Achard and Peter Herrick.\\nThe officers of the lodge at present are: W. M., Peter Herig; S.\\nW., Charles Moye; J. W., Mathias Becker; S. D., Charles Zoeller:\\nJ. D., Fred Wei der; T., Emil Bottke; Sec, L. M. Fetzer; Treas..\\nDr. Theodore Krause.\\nThe Saginaw Yalley Lodge was organized under dispensation\\nFeb. 19, 1864, with D. M. Bennett, W. M. William McBratnie.\\nS. W. and T. L. Jackson, J. W. A charter was granted by the\\nGrand Lodge, June 13, 1S65, under which the same officers were\\ninstalled. The present officers are W. M., R. E. Wardell; S. W.,\\nCharles A. Lee; J. W., E. D. Shader; S. D., Henrv F. Allen;\\nJ. D., A. A. Allen; Sec, J. Grant McPherson; T., H. \\\\Y.\\nWhitney.\\nApollo Lodge, No. 348, was organized in 1877 with Willard\\nW. Knight, W. M. Byron G. Stark, S. W. Reuben W. Andrus.\\nJ. W. Oliver P. Barber, Sec; Nathan S. Wood, Treas.; Thomas\\nM. James, S. D. Charles E. Wheeler. J. D. Present officers in-\\nclude W. M., De Witt C. Dixson; S. W., Jira S. Martin; J. W...", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0638.jp2"}, "635": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 633\\nB. J. Birney; Sec, Chester Brown; Treas., X. S. Wood; S. D.,\\nJohn A. Gibson;J. D., Edward I. Peck; T., H. W. Whitney.\\nMt. Moriah Lodge was chartered in 1857, with A. S. Gaylord,\\nW. M.\\nJoppa Chapter, No. 63, R. A. M., was organized Jan. 13, 1869.\\nThe present officers are II. P., G. lv. Grout; lv., Charles A. Lee;\\ns.. DeWitl C. Dixson; C. of II., Frank R. Ganschow; P. S., Geo.\\nII. Durand; It. A. C, John Ballentine; M. of 3d Veil, Jira S.\\nMartin: M. of 2d Veil, E. S. Peck; M. of 1st Veil, N. W. Wright;\\nTreas., B. B. Bartlett; Sec. W. W. Knight; Sent.. H. W.\\nWhitney.\\nKNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.\\nThis order originated here with the organization of Achilles\\nLodge, No. 15., Jan. 7, 1874. The officers for 1881 are as follows:\\nP. C. D. Little; C. C, Robert J. Birney; V. C, Benjamin\\nGeer; M. ofE., Thomas L. Jackson; M. of F., Racine Purmort;\\nK. of \\\\i. S., C. M. Beach; P., J. T. Burnham. Section 144,\\nEndowment Rank. K. of P., was organized here; but has ceased\\nto exist.\\nINDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS\\nwas organized here Feb. 13, 1864, when Saginaw Lodge, No. 172,\\nwas instituted.\\nTHE ODD FELLOWS SOCIETY\\ncomprises Saginaw Lodge, No. 42; O-saw-wa-bon, No. 14; Star\\nLodge, No. 156; Washington Encampment, No. 19; and Valley\\nEncampment, No. 2 The first lodge was organized Feb. 9,\\n1849, by C. D. Little, Special D. D. G. M., when the following\\nnamed officers were elected: W. L. P. Little, N. G. J. S. Wood-\\nruff. V. G.. J. B. Chamberlain. Sec; and J. Bookstaver, Treas-\\nurer. The officers of the lodge for 1881 are: N. G., Lewis Moore;\\nV. G.. Stephen H. Lover; Sec, F. O. Huntington: Treas., Peter\\nLane.\\nThe Star Lodge was the second circle of Odd-Fellowship organ-\\nized in the city, with Charles Move its first presiding officer, or N.\\nG., 1853. Tne lodge was reorganized in 1872. Present officers:\\nN. Benry Martin; V. G.. Phineas Wiggins; Treas., Alfred\\nReeves; Sec, Charles Excell.\\nI -saw-wa-bon Lodge was organized June 2, 1855.\\nWashington Encampment was instituted May 9, 1866, by M. W.\\nt. P. Dennis. The encampment comprised 30 members, among\\nwhen were A. G. Van Way, C. P.; W. McEath, F. P.; D. H.\\nBuel, S. W.; A. O. T. Eaton, J. W. B. Rice, Treasurer, and A.\\nK. Etockwith, Scribe.\\nValley Encampment, No. 2 was organized May 10, 1866.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0639.jp2"}, "636": {"fulltext": "034 HISTORY OF SAIJ1NAW COUNTY.\\nKNIGHTS OF HONOR.\\nThe only lodge of this order in the city is the Home Relief,*\\nNo. 836, organized Dec. 28, 1877. The officers are: L. Adams,\\nD. A. A. Allen, V. D. John P. Schwann. Ass t. D. George\\nLaidley, R. David McLeod, F. R. R. C. Seeney, Treas. George\\nHogan, Chaplain: O. E. Eastman, G. A. Ogilvie, Guar.; John\\nMilligan, Sent. Ira A. Boxmting, P. D.\\nKNIGHTS AND LADIES OF HONOR.\\nThis association was organized May 17, 18S presumably for ben-\\nevolent purposes. The officers are elected every six months. The\\nsociety s official list for June, 1881, is as follows: P. Robert Wiley,\\nP. Eliza Ahrens, V. P. L. M. Fetzer, Sec. Geo. Hogan, Fin.\\nSec; H. Runnenberg, Treas.; Mrs. Mary Hogan, Chaplain;\\nLaura Benjamin, Guide; A. Ogilvie, Sent.; C. G. Benjamin, P.\\nP. Dr. E. A. Herig, Medical Examiner.\\nASS( ICIATED VETERANS.\\nA meeting of veterans, held June 13, 1881, resulted in an or-\\nganization to be known as the k East Saginaw Veterans. P. H.\\nWarren was chosen president of the society, and C. D. Ball, secre-\\ntary and treasurer for one year. After remarks by the President,\\nand the appointment of several committees, members proceeded\\nto choose their officers to command the military company, with the\\nfollowing result\\nCaptain D. D. Keeler. First Corporal C. Walker.\\nFirst Lieutenant C. D. Ball. Second Corporal Geo. Seamore.\\nSecond Lieutenant D. W. Osborh. Third Corporal T. Divine.\\nOrderly Sergeant R. Yerick. Fourth Corporal J Dawson.\\nFirst Duty Sergeant William Marshall. Fifth Corporal I. S. Allen.\\nSecond Duty Sergeant Lew Delivan. Sixth Corporal Samuel Snyder.\\nThird Duty Sergeant P. Montgomery. Seventh Corporal B. Brawley.\\nFourth Duty Sergeant Geo. Williams. Eighth Corporal\u00e2\u0080\u0094 S. M. Chase.\\nThe several officers were chosen unanimously; over 10 names\\nwere enrolled, and many others expressed an intention to join at\\nthe next meeting.\\nTHE TEUTONIA TUKN-VEREIN\\nwas organized in 1868. Since that period the society has made\\ngreat progress. The Teutonia Hall on Fayette street was erected,\\na valuable library collected, gardens laid off, and everything done\\nto advance the interests of the organization.\\nThe officers of the society at present are: Pres., Emil Schoene-\\nberg; Vice Pres., Thos. L. Jackson; Sec, Herman Runneberg;\\nFinancial Sec, T. Lilienfeld; Treasurer, C. E. Brenner; Directors", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0640.jp2"}, "637": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW cm. 63o\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Library, Otto Roeser; Dramatic, Albert Fuchs; Singing, Henry\\nMiller: Turning and Kindergarten, Constantine Watz; Wirts-\\nehaft, Henry Steller.\\nTHE SAGINAW REFORM CLUB\\nis presided over by Stewart 15. Williams, with Xathan S. Wood,\\nSecretary, and Geo. S. Baker, Treasurer.\\nARBEITER 0NTERST1 ETZUNG8 HEREIN\\nwas organized April 9, 1871. The officers for L881- 2 are named\\nasfollows: Pres., Charles E. Brenner: V. Pres., Charles Burgo-\\nmei6ter; R. S., RudolphKem; C. S., Ignatz Rimmele; Treas.,\\nWilliam Wigfall; Physician, Dr. Theodore Krause: Trustees,\\nKmil s. Schemberg, William Lange, Theodore ^Miller.\\nGERMAN WORKINGMEN S AID SOCIETY\\nwas established in 1871. Since that period the organization has\\nbeen well sustained and doubtless rendered much good to the mem-\\nbers. The officers elected at the annual meeting in April, 1881,\\nare as follows: President, F. Louden: Vice President, Ernst\\nEggert; Secretary, Car] Warner; Corresponding Secretary, Conrad\\nIVy: Treasurer, Christ Henning; Secretary Sick Committee, Henry\\nButenschoen; Trustees, Peter Gross, No. 2; John Qualman, Chas.\\nHubner; Banner Bearer, Charles Hillman; Sick Committee. John\\nBoic. Andrew Holden, John Koch, No. 2; Doctor, Dr. Mass-\\nbacher.\\nANCIENT ORDER OF L NITED WORKMEN.\\nThis organization is one of the most recent additions to the\\nbenevolent circles of the city. Its present officers are AT. W.,\\nS. S. Perkins,; Sec, R. J. Birney; Treas., W. W. Knight.\\nTHE WAH-WAU-SUMS (a BOAT CLUB)\\nwere organized Dec. L2, L868. The first officers were: President,\\nL. Buitows, jr.; V. P.. G. A. Lyon; Secretary. E. N Briggs;\\nTreasurer, G. B. Grout. Their first important boating affair was\\nin the X. A. B. A. at Detroit in 1*7 when they rowed in the\\nsix-oared barge race, making 1.1 miles in ll min. 45 sec., and won\\nthe first prize. The regatta at conomowoc offered to these oarsmen\\nanother opportunity, which they availed themselves of. At the\\nfourth annual regattaof the N. W. A. B. A. Association, held at\\nErie, Pa.. -Inly 10 and 11, 1872, the Wah-wah-sums won the cham-\\npion race for six-oared shell-. At Toledo, in .Inly. L873, they won\\nthe champion race, and in the aquatic contests of 1 S 7J added to\\ntheir honors. The career of the club has been exceptionally brill-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0641.jp2"}, "638": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\niant, and there is no reason to suppose that it will not con-\\ntinue to retain its high repute. The present officers are Edward\\nI. Peck, President; R. J. Birney, Secretary; Henry Smith, Cap-\\ntain; L. A. Burroughs, 1st Coxswain; E. J. Fisk, 2d Coxswain.\\nTHE SAGINAW CITY LIGHT INFANTRY\\ncompleted its organization March 10, 1859, and on April 25 of\\nthe same year, appeared on parade fully equipped, under the fol-\\nlowing named officers: Captain, Louis Franke; 1st Lieut., Henry\\nMiller; 2nd Lieut., Hugo Weisner; 3d Lieut. Theodore Sceurus;\\n1st Sergeant, Bernhard Rice; 2d, Wm. Comport; 3d, Jos. Schaef-\\nnecker; 4th, Peter Vrogman; 1st Corporal, G. Ditnar; 2d, Will-\\niam Lange; 3d, Anton Raab; 1th, Henry Flantau; Flag-bearer,\\nCharles Stillrecht; Treasurer, Charles Miller; Secretary, C. A.\\nBatlike.\\nTHE SAGINAW CITY LITERARY ASSOCIATION\\nwas organized Jan. 11, 1858, with J. G. Sutherland, Pres. A. S-\\nGay lord, V. P; O. L. Spalding, Sec; C. D. Little, Treas. and an\\nExecutive Committee, composed of W. H. Sweet, G. B. Bene-\\ndict and J. B. White.\\nThe Young Men s Society was organized in 1868; the Saginaw\\nCity Musical Association, in 1866; the Harmonia Society, in 1873;\\nthe Choral Union, in 1875; the Patrons of Husbandry, Saginaw\\nValley Grange, in 1875; and the Ladies Relief Association, reor-\\nganized in 1871 to lend its great aid toward the sufferers from the\\nChicago fire and the Northern forest fires. These, with perhaps\\na few other benevolent or social associations, complete the list of\\nsuch organizations in this city.\\nOAKWOOI) CEMETERY.\\nAn act of the State Legislature, approved April 13, 1871, con-\\nfirmed the title of the City of Saginaw to the cemetery property\\ndescribed as follows:\\nBounded on the northeast side thereof by Emerson street, and\\non the west side by fractional block seventy-seven, the end of\\nWayne street, block 81, the end of King street, fractional block\\n80, and Queen street, according to the plat of said city of Sagi-\\nnaw; on the south by lands owned by Barnard Binder, and on\\nthe easterly side by the bayou adjacent thereto.\\nThe act further authorized the council of the city, by a vote ot\\ntwo-thirds of the aldermen elect, to sell said cemetery or burying\\nground whenever the council may deem it proper; and the mayor\\nand recorder, on such sale being authorized and approved, were\\nauthorized to make and execute all necessary conveyance therefor.\\nThe cemetery of Oakwood is situated three miles from the city,\\nin the midst of a beautiful country. Though comparatively new,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0642.jp2"}, "639": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 637\\nit boasts of beautiful groves, magnificent monuments, driveways,\\nparterres, and all the accompaniments of an old and well-kept\\ncemeten\\ntiii i.Mnsri;n ii Tin-: CITY.\\nThe Lumber mills of Saginaw City constitute an industrial center\\nof the greatest importance, and one of which any city might be\\nproud. During the manufacturing season the mills offer employ-\\nment to hundreds of industrious workmen, who, in turn, contrib-\\nute to the well-being of the entire community. The lumber con-\\ncern- of the city stretch along the western bank of the river for\\nmany miles, forming-, with their kindred salt works, what may be\\ntermed a continuous four-mile line of wealth-distributors. The\\nmachinery, buildings and troops of busy men, in connection with\\nthe industries, form a scene as significant of great enterprise as\\nmay be presented.\\nThe salt wells and salt blocks of Saginaw City form the great\\nsine qua non of prosperity. Without the salt well, the manufacture\\nof lumber would become so unreinunerative that it is probable the\\ngreater industry would fall away. Et is stated on good authority\\nthat the manufacture of salt in conjunction with the lumber mill,\\ni- the only possible means of rendering the latter profitable, be-\\ncause it is made a primary object by the owners to render the\\nmanufacture of salt so extensive as not only to pay the expenses\\nincurred in its production, but also to meet the running expenses\\nof the lumber mill. Thus the lumber industry is strengthened, it\\nnot actually sustained, by salt industry, and both are carried on in\\nharmony, to the great good of the city.\\nWILLIAMS BROTHEKS SAW-MILL.\\nThe firm of Williams Brothers, with Geo. F. Williams as princi-\\npal, succeeded the first lumber manufacturing firm organized in the\\nvalley, viz.: G. IK. E. S. and Harvey Williams. The old mill,\\nnoticed hitherto, was destroyed by fire July 4, L854. Four years\\npreviously Gardner D. Williams erecteda saw-mill on the site ot\\nthe present concern of William- Bros. Thiswas enlarged and im-\\nproved from time to time, provided with a circular and a muley\\nsaw, a lath machine and edger, and rendered capable of cutting\\n3,000,000 lath and i;,oimmmhi feet of lumber per season. This\\nsecond mill was burned .Inly 30, 1*74. The Little Mill, built\\nby Geo. V. Williams in fsiii;. ran a circular saw. a lath machine\\nand an edger. capable of producing 2,250,000 lath and 4,000,000\\nfeet of lumber per season. In 1874 the present concern was built,\\nnew machinery placed therein in 1 s74- r and formally opened at the\\nbeginning of the season ot L875. The machinery was manufactured\\nat East Saginaw and is of the most approved description. The\\nsteam is generated in six boilers, the engine is 640-horse power,\\ncapable of cutting annually 14,000,000 feet of lumber. The com-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0643.jp2"}, "640": {"fulltext": "638 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\npany may be termed the pioneer lumber firm of the Valley. Of\\nthe original company, formed in 1834, Harvey Williams alone\\nremains in Saginaw.\\nA. W. WRIGHT CO. S L. S. WORKS.\\nThe first mill was erected in 1853 by Rolifson, Hatch Co. In\\n1856 the concern failed, when it passed into the hands of the\\nFarmers and Mechanics Bank of Burlington, Yt. In 1859 the\\nproperty was purchased by Miller Paine, who continued to\\noperate the mill until 1864, when it became the property of Paine\\nWright. In February, 1865, J. H. Pearson, of Chicago, pur-\\nchased Mr. Paine s interest and associated with A. W. Wright.\\nThe old mill was burned June 13, 1865, when the Big Mill,\\nlocated at the northern junction of the J., L. S. P. R, with Water\\nstreet, was erected. The machinery comprises seven boilers, four\\nengines, one large gang, one small gang, one circular, two edgers,\\ntour slab saws. .Its capacity for sawing is from 23,000,000 to 25,-\\n000,000 feet of lumber per season, giving employment to TO men\\nin manufacture of lumber, lath, staves and heading.\\nTHE SHINGLE MILL\\nis among the most extensive of the kind in the State. It is pro-\\nvided with two Hall shingle machines, one sapper, one drag saw,\\none bolter, one cut-off saw, six rippers, and employs 20 men and\\nboys.\\na. w. wright s planing mill\\nwas erected in 1870 by R. II. Bennett Co. W. G. Vananken\\nis the present superintendent. The machinery used is from the\\nshops of W. A. Wood, of Boston, and consists of two boilers, one\\n70-horse power engine, one 25-horse power engine, three\\nplaners and matchers, one endless belt single surfacer, one\\n30-inch double surfacer. one re-saw, one siding saw, one\\npower feed edger. together with new machinery added May\\n16, 1881, comprising a single surfacer taking a board 27\\ninches wide and having an endless bed, and a 30-inch double\\nsurfacer machine with eight feed rollers. This is a No. 1, and the\\nlargest made by the company, and larger than any other used in\\nthe Valley. Either machine will dress timber of any thickness,\\nfrom half an inch to 10 inches. The No. 1 machine weighs 11,000\\npounds and is worth $2,300. The Curran Wolf s patent lumber\\ndrier is used. This consists of three large kilns in which the lum-\\nber is placed, and dried by means of exhaust steam. With this\\nestablishment is connected a sorting yard eight acres in extent,\\nwith sidings from J., L. S. R. R.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0644.jp2"}, "641": {"fulltext": "saginaw city. 639\\nn. a. harnard s lumber mills.\\nThese mills were erected in 1867 by the Saginaw Salt Manu-\\nfacturing Co. The machinery is all modern, driven by four\\npowerful engines. Eight large boilers supply the steam. The\\nseason s products are 17,500,000 feet of lumber and 15,000,000\\nshingles.\\n.1. H. PEARSON SON S LUMBER MILL.\\nThis is one ot the principal industries of the Valley. The build-\\nings and machinery have been constructed with special regard to\\nadaptability. The gang and circular saws are driven by powerful\\nengines, which render the capacity of the mill about 20,000,000\\nfeet of lumber annually. The season s product is estimated at\\n16.000,000 feet of sawn lumber.\\nWYLIE brothers bhtngle mills\\nwere erected in 1866 by J. M. Wylie Co. The product of the\\nmill is estimated at 30.000,000 shingles annually. The machinery\\ncomprises the AValker and Rochester shingle machines, powerful\\nengines, with all the varied mechanism attached to the shingle\\nfactory. In addition to their manufacture the firm take out\\n6,000,000 feet of logs yearly from their timber lands.\\nI). HARDIN COMPANY S PLANING MILL\\nwas erected in 1869. The building is a two-story brick, admirably\\nadapted to its present use. The machinery comprises single and\\ndouble surfacers, a planer, matcher and the hundred other accom-\\npaniments of such an establishment all constructed at East Sag-\\ninaw. The principal manufactures consist of doors, sash, blinds,\\nmolding?, etc., for the home market.\\nHARDIN, PLUMMER A: c O. s LUMBER MILLS\\nwere erected in 1801 by Hale Stinson. The mill was enlarged\\nin 1869, further improved in 1872, and remodeled throughout in\\nl^ v i\u00c2\u00bb. The machinery is all modern. Six boilers supply steam to\\nthree powerful engines. The annual product of sawn lumber is\\n16,000,000 feet, employing in its manufacture 42 men. This con-\\ncern, like the salt-works, was operated by W. S. Green Son until\\npurchased recently by the present operators.\\nDAVID M\u00c2\u00ab I. Loo s SHINGLE MILL.\\nThis factory was built in L876 for David Me Leod, and supplied\\nwith the most approved machinery, ft is located on Water street.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0645.jp2"}, "642": {"fulltext": "640 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nat the foot of Monroe. Its appearance is entirely unassuming;\\nbut enter the building, and a scene of busy life is presented as\\ninstructive as it is satisfactory. The intricate, interesting machin-\\nery of the shingle mill is driven by a powerful engine. HalFs\\npatent machine is used, which, with all its varied mechanical atten-\\ndants, form as it were a little working world of themselves. The\\nannual product of this factory is set down at 6,000,000 shingles.\\nIts capacity is stated to be 40,000 shingles per day. or over\\n14,000,000 per annum.\\nswift s lumber mills.\\nThese mills were built in 1858 by Mr. Levitt, who operated\\nthem for some years. Alexander Swift purchased the concern,\\nenlarged it, and ultimately rebuilt it. The machinery is of the\\nfinest description, all driven by three engines, to which steam is\\nsupplied by seven boilers. Both the gang and circular saws are in\\nuse, and are capable of sawing 12,000,000 feet of lumber per\\nseason.\\nC. K. EDDY So.\\\\.\\nThe building known as the Chicago Lumber Mill was erected\\nin 1853, by Fred. Babcock for a Chicago lumber firm. It is the\\noldest mill now in operation in the Valley of the Saginaw. For\\nmany years it was operated by Mr. Babcock, who purchased the\\nentire interest of the original owners. He disposed of his\\ninterests subsequently, and after witnessing the advent of many\\nnew proprietors, the old mill passed into the hands of the present\\nowners, C. K. Eddy Son. The machinery is driven by two en-\\ngines, and is capable of cutting 7,000,000 feet of lumber annually.\\nSAGINAW BARREL FACTORY.\\nThis is, perhaps, one of the most interesting manufacturing\\nconcerns in the State. It does not claim to excel in the heavy\\nwork of an ordinary saw-mill yet in connection with the works,\\nthe saw-mill takes a very prominent part.\\nThe factory is a brick building, three-stories high, 100x150\\nfeet. With additional shops the buildings may be said to extend\\n360 feet, fronting on the bayou.\\nThis important industry was established in 1872 by a company\\not Saginaw capitalists, with a capital stock of $75,000, increased\\nsubsequently to $125,000.\\nThe engine room is located on the first floor, and contains the\\nprincipal engine, Wm. Wright 8 Patent, of 180-horse power, 42-in.\\nstroke; the Buckeye Engine. 100-horse power; five boilers, black-\\nsmith shop, the machinery for the preparation of heavy lumber\\nand the Durkee sawing machine.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0646.jp2"}, "643": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 641\\n)n the second floor is a room where the manufacture of axle-\\ngrease boxes is carried on; the zinc room, where a boy cuts, daily,\\n350 dozen of zinc plates used in the manufacture of Wilson s\\nwash-board; the zinc-crimping room, step-ladder factory, etc., etc.\\nThe manufacture of pails, wooden measures for grain, curtain\\npoles, finishing and varnishing, etc., are carried on on the 3d floor.\\nThe articles manufactured include measures, tobacco drums, pails,\\ngum boxes, cheese boxes, wash-boards, bail, salt and grease boxes,\\nand curtain rollers. The factory gives employment to 150 men,\\ntogether with using all the labor-saving machinery found to apply\\nin the manufacture of these articles. Messrs. Ballentine, Braley,\\nWm. Hinder, C. A. Lee were among the first officers of the com-\\npany that inaugurated this important factory.\\nA. W. WRIGHT .V- CO S SALT WORKS.\\nThe salt works operated by the company comprise one steam\\nblock, 72x168 feet; one do. 24x100 feet; sheds, 72x80 feet, with\\ndrill house, etc. It is supplied with six grainers, two settlers,\\nfour vats, employs 10 men and has a capacity of 200 barrels per\\nday. There are three salt wells, having a depth of 740 ft. each,\\nthe first of which was bored in 1874. These engines are used for\\njiumping brine. The w T orks are well ordered throughout, system\\nis evidenced in everything pertaining thereto, and a great business\\nprogresses with a surprising regularity.\\nx. a.- a. barnabd s salt works.\\nOne of the wells of this company was bored in the spring of\\n1860, being the second salt well sunk in the Valley. In the manu-\\nfacture of salt the company use only the best machinery. The\\nwells are worked constantly, four powerful engines being used for\\nthat purpose. The entire annual product is set down at 82,000\\nbarrels.\\nWILLIAMS BROTHERS SALT WORKS.\\nThe first well of this firm was bored by Thompson Paine,\\nabove the saw-mill built by the company in 1866, on the A. B.\\nPaine estate. The boring was continued to a depth of 890 feet.\\nRecently the Williams Brothers have sunk two wells, which, with\\nthe first, yield sufficient brine to produce 40,000 barrels of salt\\nannually. In connection with these wells, as with their lumber\\nmills, modern machinery is in use.\\nHARDIN, PLUMMER COMPANY S SALT WORKS.\\nThe first salt well sunk under the direction of this firm was\\nbored by Hale Stinson to a depth of 830 feet, in 1861. Since\\nthat time two wells have been bored. These wells, with the lumber", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0647.jp2"}, "644": {"fulltext": "64:2 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmills, soon became the property of W. S. Charles H. Green, and\\ncontinued to be operated by these manufacturers and their partners\\nuntil 1880, when their interest in the property was purchased by\\nHardin, Plummer Co. The kettle and steam processes of evap-\\noration are in use. The annual salt product amounts to 35,000\\nbarrels.\\nswift s salt works.\\nIn 1862 a salt well was bored near Levitt s lumber mill, which\\nreached a depth of 800 feet, and yielded a full supply of brine.\\nTwo wells have been bored since that period, yielding a manufact-\\nured product of 40,000 barrels. The steam power utilized in the\\nsaw-mill is extended to the force-pumps, and the exhaust steam\\nutilized in one of the salt blocks. This industry gives employment\\nto a large corps of workmen, mechanics and clerks.\\nJ. H. PEARSON SON S SALT WORKS.\\nThe precise date of sinking the first well in connection with\\nthese works, has not been ascertained. The fact alone remains that\\nthe quantity and quality of the brine, together with the mode of\\nmanufacture, enables the proprietors to manufacture about 30,000\\nbarrels annually.\\nD. HARDIN COMPANY S SALT WORKS.\\nThe boring of this well to a depth of 800 feet was completed\\nin 1874. The steam power of the planing mill is extended to the\\nworks. The annual product reaches 10,000 barrels.\\nWYLIE BROTHERS SALT WORKS.\\nThe first well was bored under the direction of this company in\\n1877. The quality of the brine is excellent, and the facilities for\\nconverting it into salt complete. The product of the works\\naverages, annually, 30,000 barrels.\\nSAGINAW BARREL COMPANY S SALT WORKS.\\nThis salt well, bored to a depth of 811 feet, is worked by a rod\\n795 feet in length. The salt blocks comprise cisterns with a\\ncapacity of 200 barrels; warm settlers, through which 300 feet of\\nfive-inch steam pipe run; grainers 2 feet 10 inches wide, and 200\\nfeet long; storage bins to hold 4,000 barrels in bulk. The quantity\\nof salt manufactured for agricultural purposes is large, and meets\\nwith a ready sale at $3 per 2,000 lbs.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0648.jp2"}, "645": {"fulltext": "V-INAW CITY. 643\\nTHE COMMERCIAL FLOURING MILLS, ETC.\\nThese mills were erected in 1 62, and are now operated by Brand\\nHardin. With the salt works of this firm the concern forms\\none of the busiest manufactories in the Valley. The product of\\nshingles per annum, reaches ,5 j0,000 of flour 4,000 barrels, and\\nof salt 7,000 barrels. Manufacturing economy is reduced to its\\ntinest point here. The steam power of the flour mill is utilized\\nin the shingle mill, in working the force-pumps, and in the evapo\\nration of the watery elements of the brine.\\nMISCELLANEOUS.\\nSturtevant, Green, Plummer Co. s lumber mill and salt\\nworks. The mills and wells of this firm extend over nine acres,\\nwith 600 feet river frontage. The name of this firm changed\\nrecently, owing to its members entering into new enterprises or\\npartnerships.\\nThe Forest Valley Salt and Lumber Co. was organized in 1864.\\nThe name of this association of salt and lumber manufacturers\\nhas also been changed.\\nHeather A: Allison s saw-mill and saltworks, inaugurated in\\n1S65, are now operated by other parties.\\nPaine. Wheelock Co., Mack, Schmidt Kuhl, I. B. White\\nCo., Boothroyd, Gooding Co., Saginaw Valley Salt and Lumber\\nManufacturing Co., Nicholas Chapman, Hale Stinson. all exten-\\nsively engaged in the manufacture of salt in this city in 1864,\\nhave either retired from business or allowed their names to be\\ngrouped among the members of joint-stock companies.\\nThe names of A. W. Thompson, S. Coleman and others engaged\\nin the lumber-mill business so extensively in 1863, no longer\\nappear upon the list of Saginaw City mill-owners.\\nBANKS. GEO. L. BURROWS CO.\\nThis well-known banking house was established in 1862 by Geo.\\nL. Burrows. In 1863 he directed the building of the first brick\\nhouse erected on Court street, and on its completion established\\nhis office therein. In 1869 he associated with him Fred. H. Potter.\\nSince that period the business of the concern has extended itself,\\nand continues to grow in popular estimation.\\nTHE FIRST NATIONAL BANK.\\nThe First National Bank of Saginaw was established in 1870, with\\nJ. E. Shaw, President, and S. Palmer, Cashier. He was succeeded\\nby A. F. R. Braley. who died in August, 1880, when Will-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0649.jp2"}, "646": {"fulltext": "644 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\niam Powell was offered the position. The capital stock was\\n$200,000.\\nThe following exhibit, published under date of May 9, 1881,\\nrelates to the condition of this institution:\\nRESOURCES.\\nLoans and discounts $753,800 62\\nOverdrafts 59 52\\nU. S. bonds to secure circulation iO.OOO 00\\nDue from other national banks 4,498 76\\nDue from State banks and bankers ,288 94\\nFurniture and fixtures 3,000 00\\nCurrent expenses and taxes paid 5,226 14\\nChecks and other cash items 5,000 00\\nBills of other banks 5,147 00\\nFractional paper currency, nickels and pennies 156 21\\nSpecie 3,166 05\\nLegal-tender notes 10,100 00\\nRedemption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 per cent of circulation). 2,250 00\\nTotal $915,693 24\\nLIABILITIES.\\nCapital stock paid in $200,000\\nSurplus fund 50,000 00\\nUndivided profits 21,827 53\\nNational bank notes outstanding 45,000 00\\nIndividual deposits, subject to check 196,370 98\\nDemand certificates of deposit 347,866 60\\nDue to other national banks 15,214 92\\nDue to State banks and bankers 820 99\\nNotes and bills re-discounted 38,592 22\\nTotal ..$915,693 24\\nThe officers of the bank at present are: A. W. Wright, Pres-\\nident; C. W. Wells, Y. P.; Wm. Powell, Cashier; Smith\\nPalmer, Assistant Cashier; C. W. Wells, R. Kimball and Gurdon\\nCorning, Directors.\\ncitizens national banking company\\nwas established in October, 1830, under the law of the State, with\\na capital of $100,000. Daniel Hardin is President of the bank;\\nLewis Penoyer, V. P.; D. W. Driggs, Cashier; D. Hardin, C. H.\\nGreen and Benton Hanchett, Directors. The following is a state-\\nment of its financial condition at the close of the fiscal year ending\\nMay, 1881:", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0650.jp2"}, "647": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 645\\nRESOURCES.\\nLoans and discounts $195,496 87\\nOverdrafts 36 60\\nI S .In nds to secure cire i hit inn 50,000 00\\nDue from approved reserve agents 3,449 52\\nDue from other national banks 1,285 27\\nReal estate, furniture and fixtures 8,321 05\\nCurrenl expenses and taxes paid 141 51\\nPremiums paid 4,500 00\\nIhecks and other cash items 2,545 18\\nBills of other hanks 13,908 00\\nFractional paper currency, nickels and pennies 144 34\\nSpecie 11,257 35\\nLegal-tender notes 12,400 00\\nRedemption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 per cent of circu-\\nlation) 2,250 00\\nTotal $305,735 69\\nLIABILITIES.\\nCapital stock paid in $100,000 00\\nSurplus fund 1,500 00\\nUndivided profits 897 01\\nNational hank notes outstanding. 45,000 00\\nDividends unpaid 1,220 00\\nIndividual deposits subject tn check $115,371 88\\nDemand certificates of deposit 40,454 96\\nDue to other national banks 909 63\\nDue to State banks and bankers 382 21\\nTotal $305,735 69\\nHOTELS.\\nThe Taylor House was built on the site of old Fort Saginaw,\\nin 1866, by AVm. H. Taylor. The structure is 120 feet long by 60\\nin depth, forming one of the great business blocks of the city, as\\nwell as one of the leading hotels of the State. The hotel was\\nclosed for some months in 1879. It was reopened Jan. 19, 1880\\nby the proprietors, L. Burrows, jr., Co. The building contains\\n80 well-lighted, airy rooms, with dining-room 42x50 feet, parlors\\nand office. The management of the hotel is creditable alike to\\nthe employers and employed.\\nThere are !1 other hotels in the city, each claiming a particular\\npatronage. Among them the Kirby House is considered the best.\\nThis hotel was erected in 1868, by W. K. Kirby, and is capable of\\naccommodating 60 guests.\\nSAGINAW CITY STREET RAILWAY.\\nThis railroad corporation was organized in 1864, with a capital\\nf s.)( \u00c2\u00bb.000. The same year a track was laid from a point on Hamil-\\nton street, south of the Taylor House, Saginaw City, to the inter\\n39", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0651.jp2"}, "648": {"fulltext": "64c6 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nsection of Genesee and Washington streets, East Saginaw, a\\ndistance of 2f miles. The equipment of this road is good and the\\norder of business regular. The capital stock has been increased\\nto $75,000.\\nTHE SAGINAW GAS-LIGHT COMPANY.\\nwas organized in 1867, and incorporated in 1868. The lighting of\\nthe city with gas was begun in November, 1868. Since that\\nperiod the consumption averages 6,000,000 cubic feet annually.\\nAlexander Swift may be considered the projector of this important\\nenterprise; he now holds the controlling interest in the concern.\\nWELLS, STONE CO.\\nAmong the great wholesale houses of the State, there is not one,\\nerhaps, which carries on a more extensive trade than that of\\nells, Stone Co., of Saginaw City. Established in 1867, as\\na lumberman s supply store and grocery, by Northrup, Wells\\nCo., the firm title was changed to Wells, Stone ife Co. in 1869. The\\nfirst store of the company has been described as a brick three-story\\nbuilding 50x90 feet, filled from basement to attic with groceries,\\nprovisions, flour, clothing, boots and shoes, hardware and general\\nlumberman s supplies. The store house was a one-story frame\\nbuilding 15x85 feet, filled with beef, pork, beans, flour, feed, hay,\\netc. These buildings with the entire stock were destroyed by fire\\nNew Year s Day, 1881. The losses were estimated at $55,000.\\nThe total insurance amounted to $23,900. Within a few days the\\nbusiness was established in the ware-room, in rear of the boom office,\\nthree car loads of supplies shipped and a few days later all orders\\nwere filled. The new store is a solid brick structure 90x100 feet.\\nThe annual sales are said to exceed in value $1,000,000, exclusive\\nof the sales effected at their branch establishments of Sanford,\\nLoomis, Farwell and West Branch.\\nSAGINAW IKON WORKS.\\nThese works are located at the corner of Water, Williams and\\nHamilton streets. Premises one-half block; three fronts; buildings\\nin all equal to 40x282 feet. The machine shop was built in 1866,\\nand the foundry added in 1867 by Hildreth and N. B. Kinsey.\\nTwo engines supply power to the machinery of both shops. Iron\\nand brass castings with the manufacture and repair of machinery\\nform the principal business of the factory.\\nThere are other less important iron works within the city, boiler\\nand smoke-stack shops, and workers in tin and zinc.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0652.jp2"}, "649": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 647\\nIF UNFIT RE FACTORY.\\nThe furniture factory of John Stenglein Brothers, located on\\nWater and Mackinaw streets, was built in 1880, for the firm. All\\nkinds of household furniture are manufactured, and a large local\\ntrade lias been attained. The factory gives employment to 10\\nmechanics, and the retail store on Hamilton and Franklin to two\\nsalesmen.\\nPERSONAL SKETCHES.\\nFollowing are many biographical sketches ot pioneers and\\nprominent citizens, living and deceased, of Saginaw township and\\ncity. All these have materially helped to turn the original wilder-\\nness into an inhabited and happy land, or to develop and buildup\\nthe interests of this locality:\\nNelson Abel, proprietor dairy farm northwest of Saginaw City,\\nwas born in Pennsylvania, Feb. 23, 1S14, and is a son of William\\nand Polly Abel. In 1841 he located in Oakland Co., Mich.,\\nand in 1851 in this county. He has accumulated a sufficient\\namount to keep him comfortable in the last days of his stay on\\nearth, and has been very charitable toward those less fortunate in\\nlife. He was united in marriage in Oakland Co., Mich., in\\nL851, to Phoebe Schermerhorn, who was born in New York in\\n1813, and departed this life in 1870. Mr. Abel owns 60 acres ot\\ngood land.\\nA. W. Achard, dealer in hardware, agricultural implements,\\nmill and lumbermen s supplies. This large house was established\\nin 1868, by Seyffardt A; Achard, who continued in the business\\ntogether for seven years, when they dissolved partnership, Mr.\\nAchard continuing in the business. He afterward admitted as a\\npartner into the business, Mr. E. Schceneberg, who remained with\\nhim five years, and then sold out to Mr. Achard, who has been\\nalone in the business from that time. He now has one of the\\nprincipal hardware stores of Saginaw City, and is doing a large\\nbusiness. He carries a stock valued at $15,000, and his yearly\\nsales amount to over $36,000. Mr. Achard was born in Prussia\\nin 1825. He came to America when 24 years of age, settling on\\na farm in Saginaw tp., where he farmed it for IS months, then\\nremoved to the city. He is an architect, and superintended the\\nerection of the city engine-house, the old Burrows bank, and the\\nfirst brick store put up in ls 4, by J. and P. Bauer. In 1863 and\\nL864 he superintended one of the first steam salt blocks, erected bv\\nthe Wayne County Salt Jompany. He was united in marriage in\\n1854 to Mary Fittinger, a native of Prussia. They have 5 children.\\nAlexander Andre (deceased) was born in Detroit, Mich., April\\n27, 1834. He came to Saginaw in 1848 and resided with his\\nbrother, P. C. Andre, until he obtained his majority. He traded\\nwith the Indians, in partnership with P. C, for some time. On the\\nfirst day of May, 1855, he graduated from the Commercial College", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0653.jp2"}, "650": {"fulltext": "618 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nat Detroit, with high honors. He engaged in the mercantile busi-\\nness alone for some time, and then he engaged in the lumbering\\nand real estate business. At this he was very successful, and\\ngrew wealthy. He was a member of the City Council for one year,\\nand was a highly respected citizen. Upright in all his dealings,\\nand of a free-hearted, genial disposition, none knew him but to\\nlove him. He was married in 1856 to Miss Mary L. Cushway,\\ndaughter of the late Benjamin Cushway, of whom we make\\nfurther mention elswhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Andre had\\n10 children, of whom 5 boys and 2 girls are living.\\nPeter C. Andre was born in Detroit, Mich., Oct. 25, 1817, and\\nis a son of Joseph C. Andre, who was born in Vincennes, Ind. (his\\nfather s trading post), May 2, 1770. Mr. Andre s mother was a\\nMiss Clemelia Fearson, born in Detroit, Dec. 3, 1795. There is\\nan incident connected with the Andre family that would be well to\\nrecord at this time: Our subject s grandfather, Joseph Andre,\\npurchased a farm of about 200 acres, fronting on the river, near\\nFort Wayne, and now a part of the city of Detroit, in an early day,\\nand rented it to one Robert Enos for a term of years. It appears\\nthat Enos became a defaulter before his time on the farm expired,\\nand the U. S. Marshal sold his right to the place as tenant. After\\na period of years elapsed (Mr. Andre having died in the mean-\\ntime), one General Williams introduced a bill in Congress to con-\\nfirm the sale of the Marshal, which was not a sale of the land,\\nbut only a sale of the rights of Enos as tenant. So it still be-\\nlongs to the Andre heirs, ot whom our subject is one. Many\\nparties residing within the corporate limits of Detroit and on\\nthis tract of 200 acres will eventually be turned out of what they\\nnow deem their homes, provided the Andre heirs establish their\\nclaims. Mr. Andre is the second of 11 children, 6 brothers and 5\\ngirls, viz.: James, Peter C, John, Richard, Elias C, Alexander,\\nJulia A., Caroline, Clemelia, Josephine and Louise. In 1837 he\\nestablished five trading-posts at different points in Michigan. Mr.\\nAndre came to Saginaw first in 1816, and purchased the remnant\\nstock of goods belonging to the American Fur Company, and\\nadded others to this stock, bringing his new goods fro.n Detroit,\\nand opened his store in the Frazier building. In 1862 he sold his\\nentire stock of goods and engaged in lumbering until 1865,\\nwhen he engaged in the dry-goods and boot and shoe trade in\\nSaginaw, which he followed until 1869. He has also been actively\\nengaged in the real-estate business since 1848. He was Mayor of\\nSaginaw once, and Register of Deeds one term. In 1818 and 19\\nMr. Andre chartered the steamer Franklin Moore for her first\\ntrip and for her two subsequent trips to Cleveland, each time loaded\\nwith fish from his fisheries. Mr. Andre was married to Miss\\nClarissa M., daughter of Henry M. Stark, of Clinton county,\\nMich. They have had 1 children, 2 living Julia C. (Lockwood) and\\nClara Grace.\\nReuben W. Andrus (deceased) was born in Chautauqua county,\\nN. Y., Feb. 20, 1832. He passed his early life on a farm, and", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0654.jp2"}, "651": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 649\\nwas educated in the common schools. While in his native county\\nhe pursued the business of a grocer for several years. In 1854 he\\nwent to Buffalo, and in 1856 came to Owosso and subsequently to\\nOhesaning, this (\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2unity, where he was engaged in the mercantile\\nbusiness for a number of years. He married Miss Emma Roy\\nCrowfoot and had 1 child, JIattie. Mrs. Andrus died in 1861,\\nand Feb. 28, 1865, Mr. A. married Mrs. Maria M. Legg, widow\\nit Silas W. Legg (deceased), and a daughter of Hosea Wood. Mrs.\\nAjadrns was born in Tlster Co., N. Y. Mr. Andrus held various\\noffices of honor and trust during his residence in Chesaning. He\\nwas Supervisor of that tp. Hi years, and Justice of the Peace\\ntwo years. He was Sheriff of Saginaw county four years, and\\nSupervisor of the First ward in 1878. He died Oct. 20, 1878,\\nsc\\\\ ring his membership with the Masonic and I. O. O. F. soci-\\neties, and also with the Knights of Pythias. Mr. Andrus was a\\nman of enterprise and was highly respected.\\nHenry Austin^ grocer, corner Hamilton and Van Buren, was born\\nin Burlington, Vt., July 4, 1839. When two years of age his par-\\nents removed to York State, where he was reared on a farm and\\nwas educated in the common schools. He served three years and\\nthree months in the late war, in Co. H, 2d Reg. N. Y. Artillery, and\\nparticipated in the 2d battle of Bull Run, Wilderness, Gettysburg,\\nPetersburg and Weldon R. R. In 1866 he came to South Sagi-\\nnaw and worked in a mill some six years, and was a member ot\\nthe police of East Saginaw four years. He then engaged in the\\ngrocery business in Edmore, Montcalm Co., Mich., for one and a\\nhalf years, and in June, 1880, he came to Saginaw, and established\\nhis present business, which is constantly increasing. Mr. Austin\\nwas married to Miss Eliza Delaney, Feb. 28, 1866, by whom he\\nlias 3 children Alice, Nellie and Maudie.\\n0. P. Barber, 31. D., was born at Canandaigua, Ontario Co., N.\\nY., in 1840, and is a son of Zaccheus and Hannah (Martin) Barber.\\nHe was brought up there until lie was 10 years old, and since\\nthat time he has lived in different parts of the country. At the\\nage of 15 he entered the literary department of the University\\nof Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and afterward the medical department,\\nwhere he remained two years. He then entered Bellevue Hos-\\npital College, of New York city, from which he graduated in the\\nspring of 1870. He practiced one year at Leroy, Genesee Co.,\\nN. Y., and in 1871 came to Saginaw City, forming a partnership\\nwith Drs. White and Bliss, with whom he continued four years.\\nIn 1876 he opened his office in Andre block, Hamilton st. He\\nhas been a member of the American Medical Association for 10\\nyears; of the State Medical Society for nine years; is also a mem-\\nber of the Board of Health, and was elected City Physician by a\\nDemocratic Council. Dr. Barber is one of the leading plrysicians\\nof this city, and has a large practice. Was nominated for Mayor\\non the Republican ticket in the spring of 1881, and defeated by\\n103 votes in a city of between four and five hundred Democratic", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0655.jp2"}, "652": {"fulltext": "650 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmajority, and since then has received the appointment of local sur-\\ngeon of the M. C. R. R.\\nJohn Barr, proprietor of Barr s brick yard, on sec. 18, Sagi-\\nnaw tp., was born in Scotland, June 1, 1819, and is a son\\nof Robert and Margaret Barr. Mr. B. came to America in 1842,\\nlocating in Canada, where he assisted on the first iron boat ever\\nbuilt in that country. From Canada he traveled over different\\nportions of New York, and at Chippewa was offered a shop and\\ntwo acres of land if he would consent to locate there and\\npursue his trade (being a thorough machinist). While at Buffalo\\nhe was offered all the money he desired to start a manufactory,\\nand assisted in building the first looms to knit or weave a shirt, it\\nbeing formerly clone by hand. At Waterford, Saratoga Co., N. Y., he\\nworked eight years at constructing fire-engines. In 1865 he came\\nto Saginaw county, and a few years later went to Niagara, N. Y.\\nwhere he built a locomotive to run to and from the famous Falls.\\nHe has been principally engaged in brick-making of late years,\\nand turns out annually from twelve to fourteen hundred thousand.\\nHe owns 40 acres on sec. 18, 15 acres inside the corporate limits\\nof East Saginaw, and two houses and five lots in Saginaw City. Mr.\\nBarr was married Oct. 12, 1846, to Agnes Brice, who was born at\\nEdinburgh, Scotland, in 1823. One child was given them, Agnes,\\nborn Nov. 15, 1847, and died Aug. 11, 1849. Mrs. Barr died July 23,\\n1848, and in 1864 Mr. B. married Mary Haslip, who was born in\\nCanada in 1841.\\nCharles G. Benjamin, saw-filer for Williams Brothers, was born\\nin Geneva, N. Y., Oct. 16, 1835, and is a son of Edwin Benjamin.\\nHe came to Saginaw in 1859, and engaged in log-scaling in the\\nwinter seasons and saw-filing during the summers. The first five\\nyears he worked for V. A. Paine; one year with Warner and East-\\nman, and 11 years with Rust, Eaton Co., and in 1876 he began\\nwith his present employers. He was married in 1867 to Miss\\nLaura Johnson, by whom he has 2 children, Edmond and Don-\\nald. Mr. Benjamin is a member of the Knights of Honor.\\nD. E. Benjamin is a prominent farmer of this tp. He\\nwas born in Cortland Co., N. Y., May 1, 1822, and is a son of\\nCapt. Elias and Rhoda Benjamin, natives of New York. In 1843\\nMr. B. came West, locating in Oakland Co., Mich. For five\\nyears he was engaged in lumbering. In 1868 he purchased his\\npresent farm of 315 acres of excellent farming land. Mr. Benja-\\nmin was married in New York in 1843, to Margaret, daughter of\\nJohn and Catherine Shoudy, who was born in 1822. She bore him\\n2 children, Elizabeth and Ellen M., and departed this life in\\n1863. He was again married, in Genesee Co., N. Y., in 1865,\\nto Adeline, daughter of Luke and Mary Coney, who was born in\\nNew York in 1835. They have 1 child, Lillian. Mr. B. s portrait\\nis given in this work, on page 167.\\nJohn H. Benjamin was born in Newport, Maine, Dec. 26, 1840,\\nand is a son of James Benjamin. Our subject learned the black-\\nsmith trade with his father, when a boy. In May, 1864, he came\\nto Saginaw and remained about 16 months, then returned East. In", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0656.jp2"}, "653": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW (1TY. 651\\nNovember, I s 1 he returned to Saginaw, and in April, 1870,\\nblished a blacksmith shop and buggy manufactory. He docs\\na very extensive business, and turns out first-class work. He was\\nmarried Sept. 12, 1878, to Miss Florence J., daughter of D. J.\\nSmith. They have 1 son. John EL, jr.\\nWilliam Biesterfeld, dealer in dry goods and notions, estab-\\nlished this business on April 1, 1877, on Hamilton street, and at\\nthe end of one year it was moved to Andre block, on Court street.\\nMr. Biesterfeld lias a fine stock of goods, and is doing a large busi-\\nine88. When lie first opened he had a stock of $5,000, which he\\nhas increased to over $12,000. EOs yearly sales amount to $30, 000.\\nBy strict attention to business lie has placed himself among the\\nprominent merchants of the city. lie was born at Baltimore,\\nMd.. in fs; 7. and is a son of Henry and Mary Biesterfeld, now\\nresidents of this city. In 1865 he came to Saginaw City, and soon\\nafter entered the employ of Scheib Co., with whom he learned\\nthe business, and remained until 1877, when he bought his em-\\nployers stock. He was united in marriage Nov. 27, 1879, at\\nDetroit, Mich., to Ida E. Dodge, a native of Michigan City, Ind.\\nOnechild was born to them, William Chester, who died June 29,\\nL881, aged eight months.\\nMichael Blcmk, farmer on sec. 28, was born in Germany, in\\nL834. In 1852 he came to Saginaw county, and after years of\\ntoil and privation, has succeeded in possessing a nice farm of 50\\nacres. He was married in 1847 to Sorena Brights, who was born\\nin Germany in 1830. The} have 5 children Kate, Lizzie, Law-\\nrence. Anna and Cora. Mr. Blank and wife are faithful members\\not the German Lutheran Church.\\nRev. George Bradley. Of the many strong men who deserve\\nhonorable mention in connection with the early pioneer life of the\\nSaginaw Valley and Northern Michigan no one is entitled to a higher\\nplace in this record than B,ev. George Bradley. He was born May\\n31, 1810, in Hopewell, Ontario Co., N. Y. In 1832 he married\\nMiss Sophia Blakesley, of Oneida Co., New York. He was\\nlicensed to preach in 1837. In 1838 he became a member of the\\nMichigan Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was\\nfor 33 years a minister of the gospel of that Church, much of the\\ntime as a missionary among the Indians. He labored as only a\\nstrong, true and brave man can labor. Wherever hard work and\\ngreat responsibility were demanded, there was he sent, and no\\nman can say he failed to meet the demand: whether as pastor, pre-\\nsiding elder or missionary, he was the same hard-working, earnest\\nChristian man. Whether in the mansion of the rich, the log\\ncabin of the poor pioneer, among the rough laborers in the pine\\nwoods or the wigwam of the Indian, he was at all times the\\ndignified, yet courteous, gentleman, the wise counselor, the sym-\\npathizing friend and always a minister of the gospel of Christ. One\\nof his old co-laborers once said of him, If you want to see George\\nBradley, go where duty has called him and there you will find\\nhim.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0657.jp2"}, "654": {"fulltext": "652 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSome idea of his labors may be formed wImmi it is stated tha t\\nwhen presiding elder of the Grand Rapids District in I818- 9\\nhis district embraced all that part of the State lying north of the\\nsouth line of Genesee county to the Straits of Mackinaw, with his\\nhome in the city of Flint. All this vast territory, from Lake\\nHuron on the east to Lake Michigan on the west, he visited,\\norganizing societies, building churches, preaching wherever he\\nwent, in the church, if one was to be found, in the log-cabin of\\nthe settlers, the wigwam of the savage, at the camp-meeting, and\\nwherever men and women could be found. In stature he was almost\\na giant. He had great natural ability. His mind was clear, com-\\nprehensive and practical. He dealt with men as he found them, and\\nsought in his preaching and intercourse to lead them to be better\\nmen. He never said a foolish thing. His voice was remarkable:\\nalways pleasant and winning, at times it was raised with a sud-\\ndenness and power that startled and moved like an electrical shock.\\nFor some time he resided in the city of East Saginaw. When\\nthe Indians removed to their reservation in Isabella county in the\\nwinterof 1857, he took up his lesidence among them, and resided\\nin tha county until his death. He was the Indian s true and un-\\nfaltering friend. In the spring of 1871. upon the recommendation\\nof the Missionary Society, he was appointed by President Grant\\nIndian Agent for the State of Michigan. April 8 he went to New\\nYork for a conference with the Missionary Board upon Indian\\naffairs. He reached that city late in the evening, and took a car-\\nriage for the mission rooms, but feeling ill he ordered the driver to\\ntake him to a hotel, which was done. He stepped from his car-\\nriage to the sidewalk, fell, and expired without uttering a word.\\nBishop Harris forwarded his remains to loving friends at Saginaw,\\nwho conveyed them to Isabella, where they were interred. His\\ndevoted, faithful wife, the partner and helper in his great work,\\nsurvived him until the fall of 1875. The remains of these two\\nearnest Christian workers rest side by side in the beautiful ceme-\\ntery at Mt. Pleasant.\\nPhineas D. Braley was born in Berkshire county, Mass.,\\nApril 17, 1811. In January, 1823, he came with his parents in a\\nsleigh to Royalton, New York, and in 1835 they came to Sagi-\\nnaw county and settled on the Tittabawassee river. There were 17\\nin the two families, and they traveled the entire distance with an\\nox team. They, however, traveled by lake from Buffalo to Detroit.\\nWhen they arrived at the Saginaw river they found no ferry; but\\nthe Indians soon constructed one for them, of two canoes with\\nslabs lain across, and tied, or bolted, to the canoes. Mr. Braley s\\nwagon was among the first wheeled vehicles brought to the\\nValley.\\nIn those days they had to go to Thread river to mill, a distance\\nof 32 miles, requiring five days to make the trip. On the arrival\\nof the Braleys here there were but four frame houses in Saginaw,\\nand no plank houses in East Saginaw. Mr. Braley has been", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0658.jp2"}, "655": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 653\\nengaged in lumbering for the most part, every winter since 1836.\\nre *red to Saginaw in L856. The first winter he was here\\nhe cut 200 cords 01 wood and put it on the river bank for Har-\\nvey Williams, at 30 cents per cord.\\nMr. Braley tells an amusing anecdote in connection with his\\nwagon. He said: Harvey Williams came and hitched his own\\nteam to it one day, and refused to return it; said he wanted to buy\\nit; but I refused to sell it. He paid no attention to what I said,\\nbut put his hand into Ins pocket and drew out a handful of bank\\nnotes and gave it to me without counting it; remarking as lie left\\nthat if it was not enough lie would give me some more. I counted\\nthe money, and found there was just S17 in currency. Mr.\\nBraley was married in August, L833, to .Miss Rebecca IfTubbard,\\nby whom he had 3 children Lavina (dec), Ezra and Cynthia.\\nMrs. B. died, and he was again married, this time to Miss Jane\\nBlewer, who afterward died, and Dec. 16, is4i he married Miss\\nOlive Hubbard, by whom lie has had children; of these 6 are\\nliving, viz.: Phineas, Mary, Emma A., Fannie 0., Frederick B.,\\nami Laura.\\nJFrederick IT. Brenner, City Surveyor. Saginaw City, was born\\nnear Cologne, Prussia. Sept. L 844; is a son of Charles T. and\\nThorthea Fisher) Brenner, father a native of Prussia, mother of\\nSwitzerland. Charles received his early education at the Cologne\\nhigh school, and when 15 years of age accompanied his father to\\nthis country, his mother having died in 1841. He resided at\\nNew York city for about six months, attending school, and then\\nengaged in the manufacturing business. In 1850 he came to Sag-\\ninaw City, and soon after his father purchased two lots on the\\ncorner of Adams and Hamilton streets, where he erected the Far-\\nmer s Hotel, since known as the Shakspeare and Washington\\nHouse-. Here Frederick assisted his father at odd times, and in\\nl v .v_ went to the mouth of Thunder Bay river (now Alpena) where\\nhe remained, seiningfish, for three years. In lsr 4 he commenced\\nsurveying with Butler Ives, of Detroit. He was in the employ of\\nthe F. A; P. M. R. R. for some years, and assisted in locating the\\nroad beds of the A. L. T. B., and the former company. He\\nwas elected County Survevor in L874, serving as such for two\\nyear-. He was married Oct. 20, 1856, to Maria A. Ortner, a\\nnative of Bavaria. They have 7 children Wilhelmina, Emma,\\nEdward, Caroline, William, Mary and Charlie. Mr. Brenner and\\nwife arc members of the Lutheran Church.\\nAbel .1. Brochwa/y was bom in Schoharie Co., IS Y., Aug. Hi.\\nL818. In ^4she came to Port Huron. Mich., and in 1851 to Sag-\\ninaw; remaining only a few days he returned to Port Huron. lie\\nspent summers in Saginaw and the s winters in Port Huron. He\\n-pent the year 1^4s lumbering in St. Clair county. He owns large\\ntracts of land in Michigan and also in Washington Territory. He\\nhas resided in Saginaw since 1853. His residence is situated on\\nthe cross road city limits. He was married in 1S61 to Miss\\nJtozctte Winget. Their 2 children are Mary and Sarah.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0659.jp2"}, "656": {"fulltext": "654 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNT V.\\nBurnham, Spaulding k Co., dealers in dry-goods and carpets,,\\nwholesale and retail. This large house was established Sept. 1,\\n1880, in Smith s block, Court st. The store was formerly occu-\\npied by J. B. Woolfenden Co. This firm has put in an entire\\nnew stock consisting of dry-goods and carpets in its various\\nbranches, making tine goods a specialty. Mr. Burnham, the senior\\nmember, resides at New York city, where he improves the oppor-\\ntunities of buying goods at bargains. He has 35 years experience in\\nthe dry-goods business, and uses his judgment in buying the best\\nclass of goods for their trade here. They are doing business upon\\nthe best of business principles, buying and selling all goods for\\ncash, having only one price. The store is a large, double room with\\nthe same proportions above, while the basement is used exclu-\\nsively for the wholesale department. A first-class dress-making\\ndepartment occupies the third floor, and is also run in connection\\nwith the establishment. It is under the management of Mrs.\\nMary Reynolds, of New York, a lady of great taste and judgment.\\nThe whole business is under the supervision of Mr. Spaulding, who\\nhas had an experience of 17 years in this business. He is a native\\nof Monroe Co., N. Y., and came to Michigan in 1870. He was\\nengaged in business at Jackson, Mich., for nine years, and has\\nalso beside his business interests here, a large dry-goods and carpet\\nhouse at Caro, Tuscola Co., Mich., under the name of E. O.\\nSpaulding cv; Co. The house in this city employs 29 persons, and\\ndoes a business of $150,000 a year.\\nF. C Busch, proprietor book bindery, Hamilton street. This\\nbindery was opened in 1871, in the old postoffice building, and\\nmoved to the present location in Newell block in 1874. He\\nmanufactures all kinds of blank books and does all kinds\\nof book-binding, ruling, etc. His trade was learned at\\nEast Saginaw, of A. II. Frey, in 1866. He was born at Detroit,\\nMich., in 1850, and came to Saginaw City in 1856. His father\\nand mother, William and Mary (Heilbron) Busch, natives of Ger-\\nmany, are residents of this city. They are old settlers in this\\ncountry. His father was born in 1805, and mother in 1813.\\nThe family consisted of 8 children, of whom 6 are living Louisa,.\\nWilliam C., Augusta, Mena, Frederick C, and Henry.\\nMyron Batman was born in Milan, Ohio, Oct. 5, 1825, and is a\\nson of John S. Butman, who removed from New Hampshire to-\\nOhio in an early day. Mr. B. was educated at Huron Institute,\\nErie Co. Ohio. The year of 1854 he spent in Chicago, and in\\n1855 came to Saginaw. Previous to locating here, however, he\\nentered about 4,000 acres of fine timber lands near this locality.\\nHe has dealt very extensively in timber lands since that time.\\nHe is now extensively engaged in lumbering, doing his sawing\\nat Bay City. He was married in 1848 to Miss Mary P. Adams.\\nThey have 1 child\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mary P.\\nWilliam H. Cambrey, a native of England, was born in Febru ary,\\n1837, and emigrated to America with his parents in 1844. They", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0660.jp2"}, "657": {"fulltext": "SAoIXAW CITY. 655\\nsettled in [ndependence, Oakland Mich., where they still re-\\nside. In 1862 William came to Saginaw and worked as engineer\\nin the Chicago Salt and Lumber Co., for four years; for Rust, Eaton\\nCo. till 1871, and since for Eaton, Potter Co., as foreman or\\nsuperintendent. He was married July 4, 1858, to Lucinda Meeker.\\nThey have 2 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Nellie and Kate.\\nJ. B. Chopin, of the firm of Dolsen, Chapin A: Co., was horn\\ninMarietta, Ohio, Dec. 28, 1840, where lie was brought up and\\neducated. He enlisted in the V. S. service in L861, in Co. L, 1st\\nhio Cavalry. Wink in the army he was made Lieutenant of Gen.\\nThomas escort. Be came to Saginaw in 1865, and in 1866 mar-\\nried Mi-- Electa Barber, bywhomhe has 2 children Nellie and\\nJulia. When he first arrived in Saginaw he became identified\\nwith Mr. Barber in East Saginaw, under the firm name of Chapin,\\nBarber A: Co., who afterward removed their business to Salina.\\nThe manufactory of the present firm is in Bay City. It was\\nerected in 1870, by Dolsen Walker, Mr. Chapin not having\\nbought into the company until in 1873. The steam power is fur-\\nnished by five large boilers, and transmitted to the machinery\\nthrough eight engines. This firm employs 80 men, and manufactures\\nannually 23,000,000 feet of lumber, and 60,000 barrels of salt.\\nThe tirst salt well was bored in 1863, by the same firm that erected\\nthe mill. They now have six wells in active operation.\\nOscar I Chapin (deceased) was horn in Medina Co., Ohio,\\nSept. 26, 1826, and was a son of Seymour Chapin. He lived on\\nhis father*- farm until 10 years of age, when his mother died. He\\nthen went to Marietta, Ohio, and resided with his brother, Harlow\\nChapin, receiving an education in the Marietta schools. In 1864\\nhe came to Saginaw and engaged in lumbering with A. G. Van-\\nway tor a short time, when he formed a co-partnership with Ins\\nnephew, A. JB. Chapin, and L. A. Barber, in the same business.\\nTheir mill burned Oct. S. 1871; he then went to Bay City and\\nformed a partnership with Mr. Barber of that place. He was mar-\\nried in August, 1849, to Miss Eli/a Barber, daughter of David\\nBarber, and a sister of Levi A. Barber, of Bay City. Mrs. Chapin\\nwas born in Meigs Co., Ohio. This union was blessed with 8\\nchildren, of whom 4 are living, viz. Charles B., Florence M.\\nenwood), David S. and Kate. Mr. Chapin died Oct, 24, 1879,\\nloved and respected by all. He was an energetic business man,\\nupright in his dealings, and a man of high social qualities.\\nJt G. Clifton, chief engineer of Saginaw City water works, was\\nhorn in England, Dec. 23,1842, and came to America with his\\nparents when but a small child. He was reared to manhood at\\nLockpoit. X. Y.. where he served his apprenticeship in the machine\\nshops. In 1 800 he entered the Holly works, and remained with\\nthem until the war. in L862 he enlisted in Co. D, 129th Reg. N.\\nV. Vol. Inf., and was afterward transferred to the 8th Reg. N. Y\\nHeavy Artillery. On June 3. 1864, at the battle of Cold Harbor, he\\nwas taken prisoner, and was confined four months in Andersonville", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0661.jp2"}, "658": {"fulltext": "65 6 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nprison, three months in Florence, and two months was transferred\\nto different places. At the close of the war he returned to the\\nHolly works, at Lockport, remaining with them until 1866, when\\nhe came to Saginaw City. He entered the machine shops here,\\nand was a member of the first fire department of Saginaw City.\\nWhen the Silsby engine was purchased in 1868, he w T as placed in\\ncharge, and in 1872 was transferred to the water works, which\\nwere built that year. This position he has faithfully filled from\\nthat date. He was united in marriage in the fall of 1865, at Lock\\nport, JS. T.j to Louisa Poyfair, a native of that city. They have\\n5 children, all residing at home.\\nW. H. Cole Co., merchant tailors. This popular house opened\\nbusiness Aug. 19,1*879. Mr. Joseph Beach, the cutter, cannot be\\nexcelled in his department, and is one of the finest artists in the\\nValley. He learned his trade in Detroit, of A. A. Tripp, and\\nafterward came to this city. He was born at Rochester, N. Y., in\\n1845; was reared there, and came to Michigan in 1856, locating at\\nAnn Arbor. He has been engaged in clerking in different parts\\nof the State. In 1862 he entered the employ of H. Barnhard,\\nremaining with him eight years, where he learned the clothing\\nbusiness. This house now stands as one of the leading and most\\nfashionable merchant tailoring establishments in the Saginaw\\nValley. They have the best class of trade from the surrounding\\ncountry.\\nDavid Crowley, proprietor of the Crowley House, Hamilton\\nstreet, was born in Peterborough county, Canada, Nov. 17,1845.\\nIn 1866 he came to East Saginaw; engaged in lumbering until\\n1872, when he began in the hotel business in Saginaw. He is\\nnow on the corner of Hamilton Ames streets, and has a fine\\nhotel, a history and description of which we give elsewhere in this\\nwork. Mr. Crowley was married Jan. 10, 1S76, to Miss Margaret\\nCon over, also a native of Canada.\\nBenjamin Cushway (deceased) was born in Grosse Point (now\\na part of the city of Detroit), Michigan, February 7, 1810, and was\\na son of John B. Cushway, a native of Canada, and of French\\nparentage. Mr. Cushway worked on his father s farm until 17\\nyears old, and his education was obtained by attending the night\\nschools, then taught in Detroit. At the age of 17 he began to\\nlearn the blacksmith s trade with Harvey Williams, so well known\\nin the early history of Saginaw, and who still resides in Saginaw.\\nHe remained with Mr. Williams for seven years. In 1832 he\\ncame to Saginaw, remained a short time and returned to Detroit.\\nIn 1834 he received the appointment as Indian blacksmith at Sag-\\ninaw, and he accordingly came on that year and entered upon his\\nduties as such. He was removed by the treaty of 1837 to Bay\\nCity, where he remained in the same situation until 1841. While\\nthere he purchased large tracts of land, and a great deal of prop-\\nerty in Bay City, and grew wealthy. He owned the property and\\nresided on the corner of Court and Hamilton streets, in Saginaw,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0662.jp2"}, "659": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 657\\nwhere the First National Bank now stands, until 1866, when he\\npurchased the Wendell farm nearthecity on Mackinaw road. He\\nresided on his farm several years, and then returned to the\\ncity. Mr. Cushway, at onetime, owned the Brockway farm and\\nvast tracts of land in different parts of the State. He was married\\nJuly L5, I s to Miss Adelaide Delisle, by whom he had 14 chil-\\ndren, 9 boys and 5 girls. Mrs. Cashway was born in\\nDetroit in the year 1812, and was a cousin of the Campeaus, who\\nwere the first settlers in Saginaw Valley. Her first visit to Sagi-\\nnaw was in 1827, when there were but two houses on the present\\n-itc of Saginaw, and they were block houses. She returned to her\\nhome in Detroit after a visit of some months, and remained until\\nafter her marriage with Mr. Cushway. Mr. Cushway died May\\nL881, in Saginaw, where he had resided for many years. He\\nwas well known and much respected for his hospitality and social\\nmerits.\\nC. F. M. DeiheL manufacturer ot fine cigars, and dealer in\\ncigar-, tobacco and all kinds of smoking articles, on Hamilton\\nstreet. He started in business December, 1878, and at present\\nemploys three men. He began business alone and has worked up\\na fine trade, which extends over the Valley and averages 20,000\\ncigars a month. Mr. Deibel was born in this city, and is a son of\\nJohn and Mary Deibel, who reside here. His father is lumber\\ninspector for Sample amp, lumber dealers.\\n0. Demers, clothier, Saginaw City. Mr. Demers was born\\nin Montreal district, Canada, in 1846, and is a son of Constant and\\nJhristine Demers, of French descent. His father died about 1861;\\nhis mother now resides in Canada. He received his education in\\nCamula. and in 1865 came to Michigan, locating at Saginaw City.\\nn his arrival he did not speak English, and had nothing but in\\ndomitable will and pluck. These qualities he has so applied as\\nto advance him to the front rank of business men. He began busi\\ns in L872, and has made additions to his stock at different\\ntimes, until at present he carries one of the finest stocks of goods\\nin Saginaw City. His annual sales at present amount to $20,000.\\nMr. Demers was united in marriage June 11, 1879, to Bernardine\\nHerrig, a daughter of Bernard Herrig. They have 1 child,\\nOliver, now in his infancy.\\nHbract P. Denison was born in Madison Co., New York,\\nSept. 6 1828. His father, Joseph S. Denison, removed with\\nbis family to Chenango county in 1832. The latter was a carpen\\nter and joiner and millwright. At 17 our subject went to learn\\nthe carpenter s trade. In 1850 he took charge of the Leonards\\nville Manufacturing Company s factory, which he superintended for\\neight years. He then went to Jackson, Mich., where he had\\ncharge f the agricultural department in the State s prison for about\\none year. He then returned to New T York, and took charge of the\\nsash and blind factory at Sherburne, where he remained for 10\\nyears. In 1869 he came to Saginaw and took charge of, and be-\\ncame one of the proprietors of D. Hardin Co. s planing mill,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0663.jp2"}, "660": {"fulltext": "658 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwhich place he now occupies. He was married in 1850 to Miss M.\\nB. Smith, by whom he has had 5 children, 4 living Devillow E.,\\nIda M. Charles H. and Hattie G.\\nL. T. Durand, present Prosecuting Attorney of Saginaw county,\\nwas born in Hamilton Co., N. Y., Dec. 9, 1848, and is a son\\nof George H. Durand, of Saginaw, Mich., who was a native\\nof Schoharie Co., X. Y. The family removed to Michi-\\ngan in 1856 and settled on a farm in Genesee county near the city\\nof Flint, from which they removed to Flint in 1860, and from there\\nin 1863 to Saginaw. The subject of this sketch obtained a liberal\\neducation in the schools of Flint and Saginaw by attending the\\nwinter terms. During the summer months he clerked in stores\\nand tallied lumber along the Saginaw river until he commenced\\nthe study of law at the age of 17. He began in the office of J.\\nBrotisseau, then a lawyer of Saginaw, and after remaining with him\\nabout one year went into the office of Webber Smith, who en-\\njoyed a lucrative and busy practice in the city of East Saginaw.\\nHe continued there about three years, when he entered the law\\nschool at Ann Arbor, at which he graduated in the spring of 1870.\\nHe then went into the office of the Attorney General of the State,\\nHon. D wight May, where he pursued his studies more than a year,\\nwhen he began the practice of his chosen profession in East Sagi-\\nnaw. From that time forward his business steadily increased and\\nto-day he enjoys a good practice. In IS 78 he was elected Prose-\\ncuting Attorney of Saginaw county by a handsome majority, and\\nwas re-elected in 1880. He was married in 1872 to Miss Flora\\nC, daughter of Hon. John Moore, of Saginaw. They have 1\\nchild, Carrie, and reside on Washington street in this city.\\nD. L. C. Eaton, an extensive lumber and salt manufacturer,\\nof Saginaw, was born in Schenectady Co., Kew York, May 30,\\n1817, and is a son of Anson Eaton, who removed to Orleans Co.,\\n1ST. Y., when our subject was quite small. In 1818 Mr. Eaton came\\nto Saginaw, which was then a mere village; and at that early day\\nthere was no East Saginaw, nor any Bay City. For the first eight\\nyears, Mr. Eaton engaged in the mercantile business in Saginaw,\\nsince which date he has been employed in lumbering until the pres-\\nent time. He is identified with the firms of Rust, Eaton Co.,\\nin Saginaw, and Eaton, Potter Co., in East Saginaw; and also\\nowns large tracts of pine and other lands, among which is a fine\\nfarm of 160 acres in the corporate limits of East Saginaw. Mr.\\nEaton is one of the best financiers of Saginaw Valley, always\\nsuccessful in his undertakings.\\nRev. Christopher L. Eberhardt, Pastor ot St. Paul s (Evangel-\\nical Lutheran) Church of Saginaw, is a native of Wurtemberg,\\nGermany, and was born Jan. 3, 1831, and was educated at Basle\\nMission College, and ordained a minister of the gospel, of Germany,\\nAug. 5, 1860. He came to Hopkins, Mich., as a missionary\\nin 1860, where he remained but one year, then came to Saginaw,\\nand took charge of his present station. He has labored hard here,\\nboth at preaching and teaching, and has built up a large congre-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0664.jp2"}, "661": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 659\\nration. Hi- was married April 16, 1863, to Mi Mary Reimold,\\nof Washtenaw Co., Mich.\\nC. K. Eddy, of the firm of C. Iv. Eddy A: Son, of East Sagi-\\nnaw, was born in Penobscot Co., Maine, in December, 1820.\\nHe received an academical education, and became an efficient sur-\\nveyor and civil engineer, lie was in the employ of the State of\\nMaine on ita public surveys for the period of 18 years. In 1858\\nhe went to Ottawa, Canada, where he engaged in lumbering for\\nseven years, and in 1865 he came to Michigan, and engaged in\\nlumbering, which he followed until last year, when he purchased\\nthe Chicago Mill on the west side, which he and his son, Walter\\nare now operating. He has 2 other sons Arthur D. and\\niharles K.\\nWilliam G. Elmer, tanner, sec. 15, was born at Marshfield, Vt.,\\nL9, 1812, and is a son of Aaron Elmer, who was one of the\\nfirst settlers of Washington Co., Vt. William G. came to Saginaw\\ncounty in 1S34, and has experienced his share of the vicissitudes\\nof pioneer life. He has been Supervisor and Justice of the Peace\\nof Saginaw tp., both offices of which he tilled with credit to him-\\nself and honor to the citizens. He was married March 10, 1846,\\nto Catherine Sittering, who was born in Germany, June l r 1810.\\nThey have 1 child\u00e2\u0080\u0094 W. L. Phacl.\\nG. Estdbrook ct Go., clothiers, Saginaw City. This new and\\npopular house was opened Sept. 1. 1880, in Court street, and now\\noccupies a room in the Taylor House block. Mr. Estabrook has\\nhad 11 years experience in the business, traveling for large\\nwholesale houses in Boston. He was engaged live years in gents\\nfurnishing goods, and six years in hats and caps. This experience\\nenables him to buy goods at the very lowest prices, thus giving the\\nbenefit of this to the people. They do business on the one-price\\nsystem, having all goods marked in plain figures. Mr. Estabrook\\niv a native of New Brunswick. He was reared there and in\\nBoston, where he first learned his present business.\\nAlexander Ferguson, County Treasurer, was born in New York,\\nAug. 20, 1829, a son of James and Ann (Hall) Ferguson, of Irish\\ndescent. His mother died at Portland, Mich.. March 23, 1881, and\\nhis father at Flint, about 12 years ago. They came to Michigan in\\nL840 and settled at Flint. Mr. Ferguson received his early train-\\ning and education in New York and Michigan, and came to Sagi-\\nnaw March 29, 1^4!*. and has remained here since. He opened a\\njewelry, books and stationery store May 20, 1852, and continued\\nthe same business at East Saginaw until 1860, the stock being\\nbought by F. E. Doughty. In 1861 he was appointed General\\nManager of the Western Union Telegraph office at East Saginaw,\\nwhich he held for 16 years. He has been Collector of Customs\\ntor the last L2 years. The fall of 1880 he was elected County\\nTreasurer, and took possession Jan. 1, 1881. He was married in\\nJune. 1851, to Miss Harriet P. Stimpson, a native of Oswego, N.\\nY. They have 1 child, Frank A., who is engaged with his", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0665.jp2"}, "662": {"fulltext": "660 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nfather in the insurance business in Bliss block, Genesee street.\\nMr. Ferguson is perfectly familiar with the business, having\\nbeen engaged in it for eight years. He was also Clerk for Buena\\nYista township from 1852 to 1853, and has been Alderman of the\\nFourth ward for six years. He lives on Thompson street, East\\nSaginaw, where he owns a fine residence.\\nAndrew Fisher, farmer on sec. 15, where he owns 10 acres ot\\nland, was born in Germany, Sept. 4, 1820. He emigrated to this\\ncounty in 1849, and for 20 years was proprietor of a cabinet shop,\\nwhicli ranked among the first in Saginaw City. He was married\\nat New York city, in 1851, to Mary Loetler, who was bora in Ger-\\nmany in 1830. Eight children were given to them. Mrs. Fisher\\ndeparted this life, and in 1877 Mr. F. married Mary Cosoe, who\\nwas also born in Germany, in 1850. They have 2 children Lena\\nand Christian.\\nJohn Fisher, farmer and gardener, sec. 16, was born in Wurtem-\\nberg, Germany, May 15, 1823; parents were Michael and Josepha\\nFisher. Subject of sketch came to America in the autumn of 1849.\\nHe landed at the port of New York, and the Michigan Emigration\\nAgent, Mr. Thompson, of Flint, forwarded him to Genesee county,\\nMich., where he worked for 13 months, and then located in Sag-\\ninaw county. He was married Aug. 21, 1851, to Theresa Bucket,\\nwho was born in Bavaria, Germany, April 18, 1818, and died June\\n5, 1876. He was then married Oct. 4, 1876, to her sister, Maria\\nBuckel, who departed this life March 22, 1877. On May 19, 1879,\\nMr. F. married Walburga Schlicht, who was born in Bavaria, July\\n5, 1854. They have 1 child, Maria, born in 1879. Mr. Fisher was\\nTp. Treasurer three years, and Drain Commissioner for the same\\nperiod of time. He is a Liberal in religion.\\nFrank B. Florentine, M. D., born at Chicago, 111., in 1849; son\\nof Joseph S. and Celia (Bergeron) Florentine, residing at Pleasant\\nGrove, 111. He was brought up at Chicago, and received his edu-\\ncation at Eureka andBourbonais Colleges and the Northwestern Uni-\\nversity, all educational institutions of Illinois, and his medical\\neducation at the Kush Medical College of Chicago (medical\\ndepartment of the Northwestern University), where he graduated\\nFeb. 15, 1876. He came to Saginaw April 4, 1876, and opened\\nhis office, where he has been having an increasing practice every\\nyear, doing a cash business entirely. Has been a member of the\\nAlumni Association of Kush Medical College, of Chicago, 111., since\\n1876. On Jan. 20, 1877, he was married to Miss Mary Andre, a\\nnative of this city, and they have 1 child. Dr. Florentine owns\\na nice residence, corner Fayette and Ames streets.\\nBan P. Foote was born in the town of Deerheld, Oneida Co.,\\nN. Y., Aug. 18, 1831. In 1838 his father removed with the fam-\\nily to the town of Freedom, Cattaraugus Co., in the same State,\\nwhere he established himself as a farmer and drover. From that\\ntime to July, 1847, Dan P. attended the district school like other\\nboys of the neighborhood, and after school hours labored upon the\\nfarm. In the spring of 1847 Lieutenant McGee, of the N. Y. Yol-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0666.jp2"}, "663": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 661\\nunteers, ofBath, X. Y., passed through the village with a part of a\\ncompany of recruits, on the way to Buffalo, en rout to join (len-\\neral Scott s army in Mexico. Mr. Foote, who had already\\nacquired a slight knowledge of the Spanish Language from Ollen-\\ndorff s Spanish, in Six Easy Lessons, and a good many romantic\\nideas from other sources, needed only this opportunity to start on\\nthe way to test by experience his boyish notions of adventure. In\\nJuly, 1847, though not yet 16 years old, we went to Buffalo and\\nenlisted in the regular army to serve during the Mexican cam-\\npaign. He continued in the service until late in 1848. As he\\nnever attained to any higher rank in the army than that of Lance\\nSergeant. it is to be inferred that the result of that Democratic\\nwar was not much affected by his services. His love of advent-\\nure was rather stimulated by it, as we find him the next summer,\\nsailing from New Bedford in the barque Persia, a whaler,\\nbound on a cruise, first in the Atlantic and then around Cape\\nHorn. The ship went to Azores (Western Islands), Madeira,\\nPorto Praya, and finally round the Horn to the Island of Juan\\nFernandez, Society Islands and Callao. At Callao he took French\\nleave of the old barque and tried life for awhile in and about Lima.\\nIn less than a year he was again at sea, where he continued, with\\nthe exception of a little time devoted to mining and stage-driving\\nin California in 1852, until the fall of 1854. He served in the\\nmeantime for one cruise on the Jamestown, a sloop of war, on the\\ncoast of Africa and on the Brazilian station; and afterward visited\\nHong-kong, Wampoa, Canton, and the islands in the Chinese seas,\\ndoubling Cape Horn in all three times, and the Cape of Good\\nHope once. He was in Cuba, in the brig Halcyon, during the\\nLopez expedition.\\nHe came to East Saginaw in November, 1854, and falling in with\\nMr. George Judson, ofMundy, Genesee Co., he hired out to teach\\nthe winter school in his district, and succeeded well as a teacher.\\nHe had, however, had some experience as a school-teacher, for\\nBorne months in the navy, while in the receiving ship North\\nCarolina. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Grattan, at Fox\\nLake, Wis., in November, 1854, and in April, 1S55, came to the\\ntp. of Tittabawassee, and camped on 80 acres of land on the west\\nBide of the river in the woods, over a mile from any clearing or\\nroad. He gave himself industriously to the work of clearing up a\\nfarm; though just a little awkward in handling an ax, he made\\nup in courage and qualities of endurance what he wanted in skill,\\nand in three years had 40 acres cleared and fit for cultivation, the\\nsole work of his own hands. For the next four years he taught\\nschool during the winters and studied law during the long winter\\nnights under the instruction and encouragement of the Hon. J. G.\\nSutherland. When he first went to sea he carried with him all\\nthe 1 looks he had used in school, including Davies algebra and\\nsimilar books, and subsequent results showed they were carried\\nfor use, as the only schooling he ever had was in the district\\n40", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0667.jp2"}, "664": {"fulltext": "662 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nschool, and this before he reached the age of 16 years. In Sep-\\ntember, 1863, he was admitted to the bar, and in April, 1866,\\nmoved to the city and entered upon the active practice of law,\\nin which he has succeeded, establishing himself among the\\nlawyers of recognized merit, and accumulating a fair compe-\\ntency. Mr. Foote is yet a young man. He has held the office of\\nSchool Inspector, Justice of the Peace, Supervisor. City Attorney\\nof the City of Saginaw, Prosecuting Attorney of Saginaw county,\\nand State Senator of the 23d Senatorial district.\\nHe brought with him to Michigan a wide knowledge of the world,\\na strong heart and amine! free from the prejudices of the untraveled\\nman. These high qualities were not long hidden in the old-time\\nwilderness of the Tittabawassee; they asserted themselves within\\na few years, and added to the legal circle of the county, already\\nwell represented, an honorable, public-spirited and judicious law-\\nyer. Amid all the phases of legal and political life he has not\\nforgotten the beautiful farm which his own hands made in the\\nnorthwestern tp. This fact is one of the surest evidences of his\\nadherence to true democracy.\\nThere is in this biographical sketch much to instruct and interest\\nthe reader. By what chain of circumstances this gentleman, in his\\nyouth, was led, as it were, round the world, over every sea and\\nocean, into barbarous as well as civilized lands, and ultimately to\\nSaginaw, is one of the mysteries of life. It appears as if that destiny\\nso evident in the wanderings ot other men pertained to him also,\\nand prepared him gradually but surely for a teacher bv precedent ot\\nall that is practically Christian. Whether in the Mexican cam-\\npaign, U. S. Navy, on the farm or at the bar of his adopted\\ncounty, he has always displayed a rare spirit of toleration, and won\\nby kindness where others failed to succeed by opposite qualities.\\nMurdoch Fraser, farmer on sec. 19, is a native of Scotland, and\\na son of John and Elizabeth Fraser, who came to Saginaw county\\nin 1838; the former died some years ago, and the latter resides on\\nthe old homestead with her son, James J. Mr. Fraser owns 153\\nacres of land. He was married in 1836 to Isabella Goulding, a\\nnative of Edinburgh, Scotland. Ten children have been born to\\nthis union Alexander, Thomas, James, Charles, Murray, John,\\nKittle, wife of Fred T. Reed, Lizzie, and Delia, wife of Clarence\\nIrton. Robert is deceased.\\nH.J. Friedlein, jeweler, Saginaw City, was born at Evans ville,\\nInch, Sept. 21, 1852, son of John and Henrietta (Geissler) Fried-\\nlein. His mother died in November, 1878; his father is keeping a\\nhotel in the city. Mr. Friedlein learned his trade with John C.\\nZiegler, of this city, remaining with him one year. He then went\\nto Evansville, Inch, where he was employed by Philip Geissler\\nfor three years and with whom he finished his trade. He then\\nreturned to this city, and after two years more with Mr. Ziegler,\\nopened out for himself in 1876. He is doing a very fair business.\\nFrank R. Ganshaw, of the Saginawian, was born in Stettin,\\nPrussia, May 5, 1841. His father, Frederick, came with his family", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0668.jp2"}, "665": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 063\\nginaw in 1850, where he still resides. Mr. Ganshaw is the\\nsecond of 4- childreD, viz.: Augustus C, Frank R., Wilhelmine\\nand Emelie. In L859Mr.G. went to Cincinnati, O., where he\\nLearned the printer s trade. He remained there four years, and\\nin Hamilton, 0., for two years. In 1S65 he returned and worked\\nin the Enterprise office, in East Saginaw, where he remained for\\nnine years; he then became foreman of the Saginmoian, holding\\nthis position until 1879, when he became a partner in the business.\\nHe was married July 1866, to Miss Augusta Wurtzel, by whom\\nhe has had 7 children; of these. 5 are living Charles, Frank,\\nAugusta. Arthur and Nora.\\nMad in J. A. Gilbert^ millinery and fancy goods, Taylor House\\nblock, Court street. This is the first-class millinery establishment\\nof the city, and carries nothing but the best class of goods. She\\nstrict attention to the fashions, making two trips annually to\\nNew York and Boston, where she buys her goods. The house was\\nestablished in April, 1879, and has met with the best of success\\nin business. She has the best and wealthiest people among her\\npatrons, and for that purpose employs from four to live of the best\\nmilliners for this class of trade. Mrs. Gilbert is a native of Ver-\\nmont and learned her trade in New Hampshire. She was formerly\\nengaged in business at Fitchburg, Mass., for 19 consecutive\\nyears, and came from there to Saginaw. Her store here is located\\nin the principal part of the city, and has a neat and attractive\\nappearance.\\nK. Grout, a prominent lawyer of Saginaw, was born in the\\nvillage of Fairfax, Franklin Co., Vermont, September 30, 1837,\\nand is a son of Rev. Elijah K. Grout, a Baptist minister, who\\nremoved to Leslie, Michigan, in 1838, and labored as a minister in\\nthe churches at Leslie and Marine City (then Newport) many\\nyears. Our subject was educated at Newport Academy and Kala-\\nmazoo College. Fie came to Saginaw in 1S5S. In 1S01 he\\nenlisted in the I S. service, in company Iv, 2d Keg. Mich.\\nInf. Vols. He was therefore in the army of the Potomac,\\nand participated in the battles of first Bull Hun, Williams-\\nlung. Vorkt own, Fair Oaks, McClellan s retreat from Rich-\\nmond. Harrison s Landing, and others. He was discharged in\\nIctober, L862, when he returned to Saginaw, and in March, 1863,\\nn reading law with Sutherland Miller. In 1S67 Mr. Grout\\nwas admitted to the bar; since that time he has built up a good\\npractice, and is also extensively engaged in the real-estate business.\\nHe was Assistant U. S. Assessor of Internal Revenue for nearly\\nseven years, and held the office of City Attorney one term. He\\nwas married in September, 1867, to Miss Mary Harrison, by whom\\nhe has 3 children Harriet E., Louise E. and Gerald.\\nJferddnand Haben, present City Marshal of Saginaw, was born\\nin New York, and is a son of John Haben, who removed with his\\nfamily to Oakland Co., Mich., in 185-1, and to East Saginaw in\\n1862. The subject of this notice has resided in the Saginaws since", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0669.jp2"}, "666": {"fulltext": "664 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthat time, and for two years filled the office of Constable. lie now\\nhas six deputy marshals, who are diligent in seeking out the evil-\\ndoers; and who, with Mr. Ilaben as chief, let no mischief-makers\\ngo unnoticed. Mr. Ilaben was a member of the noted Wa-wa-sum\\nBoat Club, which did credit for itself and Saginaw at the contests:\\nWatkins, New York, Saratoga, Detroit, Toledo, and New York\\ncity. At Detroit, in 1878, the Wa-wa-sums took the first prize.\\nMr. Haben was also foreman of the fire department in the Fourth\\nward for four years, during which time that department made the\\nbest records on review days ever made in the city. For four years\\nMr. Haben acted as driller for the salt-boring companies in Sagi-\\nnaw and vicinity.\\nThomas Hackett (deceased) was born in Genesee Co., N. Y.,\\nFeb. 29, 1831. His parents were Bernard and Bridget Hackett,\\nearly pioneers of this county. Mr. H. was married May 29, 1865,\\nto Jessie, daughter of John and Jessie McGregor, who emigrated\\nto Saginaw tp. when but three families resided here. Mrs. Hackett\\nwas born June 24, 1841. One child was given to this marriage,\\nMary, born Feb. 5, 1868. Mr. Hackett departed this life in February,\\n1873. His widow resides on the old homestead, comprising 120\\nacres.\\nFred Haenbein, farmer, sec. 16; P. O., Saginaw City; was born\\nin Germany, April 15, 1842, and is a son of John G. Haenbein.\\nMr. H. came to this country with his parents in 1850, and they lo\\ncated in Saginaw county. He owns 120 acres of land, the fruit of\\nhis individual labor and perseverance. He was married in 1861\\nto Kate C. who was born in Germany in 1841. They had\\n6 children born to them, but only 5 are living Willie, Minnie,\\nFreddie, Lizzie and Johnnie. Rachel is deceased.\\nG. H. Hale, D. D. 8., was born in Licking county, near New-\\nark, Ohio, in 1846. Although not an old citizen of Saginaw county,\\nhe has come with the best of recommendations, that of a thorough\\nbusiness man, and one well versed in his profession. Mr. Hale\\nhas had 16 years experience in the practice of dentistry, to-\\ngether with serving three years as a pupil. In Chicago he had an\\noffice and was professionally engaged there for 10 years; he also\\nhas two brothers, who are practicing physicians of that city. His\\nfather is a noted physician, under whom Mr. Hale studied medi-\\ncine, thus being a scientific as well as a practical operator. Jan.\\n15, 1881, he came to Saginaw and opened an office on Court street,\\nhaving everything necessary for the comfort of his patients. He is\\na man who attends strictly to his business, and makes many friends\\nby his frank, social manner. As regards workmanship, he can not\\nbe surpassed in the Valley, and in many fine points of execution\\nhe excels.\\nAllen A. Hall, son of John and Polly Hall, was born in Penn-\\nsylvania, July 2, 1825. His parents came to this county in 1835,\\nlocating at Saginaw City, where the former died in 1837. Allen\\nwas a sailor on the lakes for several years, and has had many", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0670.jp2"}, "667": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 665\\nnarrow (-cape- from a watery grave. Ee was married in this\\ncounty, in L852, to Margaret Allison, a native of Glasgow, Scot-\\nlam!. They have 6 children John, James A., Walter, Mary\\nA., wife of Harlin Cribbins, Minnie W. and George W. Jessie is\\ndeceased. Mr. Hall resides on sec. 3.\\nDavid K. Halsey, head sawyer for Eaton, Potter Co., a\\nnative of Mt. Clemens, Macomb Co., Mich., was born July 15,\\n1 !\u00e2\u0080\u00a2_ He was reared a farmer boy and received a common-school\\neducation. At the breaking out of the war in 1861 he enlisted as\\nCorpora] in Company B, 5th Mich. Vol. Inf., and the spring of 1862\\nhe was made Sergeant, and in June, 1864, he was promoted to 2d\\nLieut, and served in that capacity till the war closed. He partici-\\npated in the battles of Ybrktown, Williamsburg, Chancellorsville,\\nThe Wilderness, Gettysburg, 2d battle of Bull Run, Fred-\\nericksburg, and others, numbering 32 engagements in all. He\\nwas taken prisoner at Petersburg and was confined in Libby prison\\nfour months. In 1865 lie came to Detroit, and in 1866 to Saginaw.\\nSince ]s71 he has followed sawing.\\nHe was married in 1865 to Hannah A. Kelley, and they have 1\\nbod \u00e2\u0080\u0094Frank P.\\nDaniel Uardm, of the firm of D. Hardin Co., was born in\\ntsego Co., New York, in May, 1820, and is a brother of Hon.\\nA. C. Hardin, of Monmouth, 111. He was reared on a farm, and\\neducated in the common schools. He located in Saginaw tempora-\\nrily in lSt;.~ and engaged in lumbering with W. S. Green, and\\nstill holds an interest in the Green lumber manufactory (now\\nknown as the mill of Hardin, Plummer ifc Co.); at the same time\\nwas in business in New York.\\nHe is now interested in the planing mill spoken of above.\\nWhile in New York State Mr. Hardin w r as engaged in the mercan-\\ntile business. lie was married in 1840, to. Miss Lucy Brown, by\\nwhom he had -1 children, 2 living A. C. and Emily P. Mr.\\nHardin isalso President of the Citizens, National Bank in Saginaw.\\nHe is a brother to Dennis Hardin (deceased), once a member of\\nState Legislature of New York. Had 5 brothers Joseph, Hon.\\nA. C, Dennis. Nathan and Amos. Had also 6 sisters. His\\nbrother Joseph was a prominent business man of New York. He\\nhas always engaged in farming in New York State quite exten-\\ndi vely.\\nOustavus Harris Superintendent of the Saginaw County Poor\\nFarm, was born in Warren Co., N. Y., Jan. 1, 1834; is a son of\\nGeorge and Amanda (Ireland) Harris, who settled in this county in\\n1*44, father a soldier in the war of 1812, and died April 14, 1852;\\nmother still living, aged 87 years. Subject of sketch enlisted in the\\nOnion army during the civil war, but failed to pass examination;\\nwas Constable and School Director of tp., and at present has charge\\nof county farm; was married Feb*16, 1861, to Mary, daughter of\\nJohn and Nancy McLean, natives of Ireland, of Scotch ancestry.\\nThey have 3 children Julia A., Mary A. and William H.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0671.jp2"}, "668": {"fulltext": "6 0$ HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMoses M. Harris, farmer, sec. 13; was born in Clarkson, N.\\nY., Dec. 26, 1S26, a son of George and Amanda Harris, who were\\nhonored and respected pioneers of this county; father was born\\nApril 29, 17S9, and died April 14, 1852; mother still lives, and\\nwas born June 16, 1794. He owns 108 acres of land, the product\\nof his own thrift and industry; was married Dec. 2, 1857, to Jane\\nMcLean, who was born April 5, 1824. Four children Hattie E.,\\nborn Sept. 23, 1858; John J., July 27, I860; Moses, Dec. 20, 1862,\\nand died Jan. 13, 1874; Frank was born Nov. 12, 1865, and died\\nJuly 20, 1872.\\nJames Hay, President of the Tittabawassee Boom Company, was\\nborn in Scotland, May 10, 1828, and is a son of Daniel Hay who\\nemigrated with his family to Nova Scotia while James was an infant,\\nand to Northern New York when he was a small boy. They went\\nto Canada in 1838, where he remained until 1849, when he came to\\nPort Huron, Michigan. He there worked as a common laborer\\nfor $13 a month. In 1S57 he came to Saginaw Valley and became\\nforeman for David Ward in the lumbering business. He, however,\\nhad been foreman for David Rust in the same business for three\\nyears previous. During the winter of 1858 and 59 he lumbered\\nfor A. D. W. Rust, and in 1859 he became a partner of Ezra\\nRust, with whom he is still associated. Mr. Hay owns large tracts\\nof valuable pine lands. He was married, Dec 13, 1864, to Miss\\nMattie Hawkins, by whom he has had 8 children, 6 living Mamie,\\nWilly. Jennie, Mattie. Ethel and Blanche.\\nEmit A. Herrig, M. D., one of the leading physicians of Saginaw\\nCity, was born in Germany in 1S40, where he received his educa-\\ntion, attending several colleges and universities, finally graduating\\nat the Royal Medical University at Berlin, in March, 1S66. After\\npracticing for a short time he entered the Prussian army during\\ntheir war with Austria, and was after sometime promoted to rank\\nas Surgeon. At the close of the war he returned to Berlin, where\\nhe continued his practice. The succeeding two years he was act-\\ning assistant to some of the leading professors in the great hos-\\npitals. He emigrated to the United States in the summer of 1869, and\\nsettled at Fond du Lac, Wis., where he remained until he came to\\nSaginaw, in May, 1871. He is now one of the most successful men in\\nhis profession, and has been connected with different enterprises of\\nthe city for years. He has been a member of the Board of Health\\nfor nearly three years, and its President and Health Officer for\\nabout two years, declining the office December, 1880. For one\\nyear he acted as city physician, and is a member of the Teutonia\\nSociety, founded in August, 1858. He was President of that society\\nfor three years, and has been one of the Board of Directors for nine\\nyears. In several of the best secret societies he holds high positions.\\nBernharcl Herrig, wholesale and retail grocer, on Water street,\\nbetween Court and Adams, is a native of Germany. He came to\\nSaginaw in 1849, on the steamer Huron,- and was one week on the\\nway from Detroit to Saginaw. There vas but one house in Bay", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0672.jp2"}, "669": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 667\\nat that time, and there was no East Saginaw. Saginaw had\\nluit one Btreet, which was Water street. Mr. Herrig established a\\nvrv store in 1859, with $500 capital. His sales amount\\n1)45,000 annually. Mr. EL is the father of 5 children, of whom\\n4 arc living, 2 boys and 2 girls.\\nP r II rr nj. manufacturer of lath, staves and heading (by con-\\ntract), in Hardin, Plummer k, Co. s mill, was born in Germany,\\nct. 22, L848, hut was brought by his parents to Saginaw the same\\nyear. His lather. Nicholas llerrig, was a farmer and merchant\\nhere for many years, and died Aug. 14, 1880. They resided on a\\nfarm in tiie early days, where wild game was abundant. Some of\\nof the family have stood in the door of their dwelling and shot\\ndeer. Mr. llerrig was married May 1, 1874, to Miss Anna Gan-\\nshaw, by whom lie lias 1 child, Bertha, born May 28,1875. Mr.\\nHerrig is master of the Germania Masonic Lodge, in Saginaw.\\nChristian Hessler was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, July 23,\\n1 s M7. where he was brought up until he was 18 years of age, when\\nhe went to Canada, July 23, 1855. He was there nearly three\\nyears, and then went to Lake Superior, remaining there three\\nyears. At the breaking out of the war in 1861 he entered the\\narmy in July, and served until its close, in 1865. He participated\\nin the battles of the Wilderness, Gettysburg, Fredricksburg, Cold\\nHarbor and other smaller engagements. At the battle of Cold\\nHarbor, June 2, 1804. he was wounded and taken to the hospital,\\nwhere he was confined for eight months. He was at Appomattox\\nCourt-IIousc at the surrender of Lee, and was discharged at Jef-\\nferson vi lie. Ind., Jniy 8, 1865. The same year he came to Sagi-\\nnaw county, and was three years in Bridgeport, where he worked\\nin a saw-mill. He then went to Buffalo, X. Y., and was married\\nJan. 12, 1868, to Christina Riedt, a native of Germany. He re-\\nturned to Saginaw with his wife and opened a restaurant and\\nsaloon, in the old Lutheran church, where three years afterward, in\\n1871, he bought his present property on the corner of Fayette and\\nAdams streets. He is the father of 7 children, 5 daughters and\\n2 sons, residing at home. Mr. Hessler was one of the first\\ntnizers of the Arbeiter society, and has been a member of the\\nTeutonia society since 1868.\\nII L. Hildreth, general dealer in mill supplies and salt-work\\nfittings, and manufacturer s agent for W. C. Allison, Philadelphia,\\nPa., and R. Hoe A: Co., New York, was born in Lockport, 1ST. Y.,\\nMarch 11, 1841. Mr. Hildreth came to Saginaw in 1864, and\\nstarted a small machine shop. This soon becoming inadequate,\\nin 1866 he built the Saginaw Iron Works. Sold out in 1868 and\\nreturned to Lockport and kept agricultural implements for two\\nyears. He then returned to Saginaw as traveling agent for D. II.\\nme Co.. which position beheld for six years. Mr. Hildreth\\nis a mechanical engineer of rare ability. He has received patents\\non several machines which he has invented. During the agitation\\nof the Detroit river tunnel question, he devised a plan which he", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0673.jp2"}, "670": {"fulltext": "668 HISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nsubmitted to one of the committee, who pronounced it the best he had\\nseen. He was instrumental in having a test salt well bored at St.\\nLouis, Mich., which was most successful. In 1866 he married\\nMiss Emily A. Schaeffer, also of Lockport. They have 2 sons.\\nJ. A. Himmelspaoh, manufacturer of fine cigars and dealer in\\ntobaccos and smoking articles of all kinds. The factory was opened\\nin June, 1878, and is now located on Water street. Mr. Ilimmel-\\nspach employs from three to four men, and gives the business his\\nentire personal attention. During the year 1880 he turned out\\n177,000 cigars. He is a native of Waterloo Co., Canada, where\\nhe was born in 1853, and is a son of George and Mary Himmel-\\nspach. He was brought up in Canada, and learned his trade there.\\nIn 1872 he came to Saginaw City, where he is now doing a pros-\\nperous business.\\nGeo. Hogan, born in Ireland in 1834, and came to America in\\n1851. He settled at Albany, N. Y., and learned the trade of saw-\\nmaking, remaining there until 1863, when he went to Pennsylvania\\nand was engaged in the works at Pittsburg, for Lippincott Co.,\\nand Henry Disson, of Philadelphia, large manufacturers of saws.\\nHe came to Saginaw June 2, 1866, where he has been engaged in\\nbusiness ever since. He was Chaplain of the Home Relief Lodge,\\nNo. 836, Knights of Honor, up to August, 1881, and is representa-\\ntive to the Grand Lodge of the State. Also, Financial Secretary\\nof the Knights and Ladies of Honor, which society was organized\\nMay 7, 1880. Mr. Hogan was married Dec. 31, 1862, at Troy, N.\\nY., to Miss Mary McCreary, a native of Cohoes, that State, and\\nthey have 2 children living and 2 deceased.\\nJ. W. Houston, M. I)., was born in Calhoun county, Mich.,\\nAug. 4, 1855, son of John and Hannah (Whitney) Houston. His\\nfather was a native of Hanover, N. H., and his mother\\nof Stillwater, N. Y. He was brought up in Calhoun county on a\\nfarm, and received his early education in district schools, and at\\nthe age of 16 years entered the high school at Marshall, where\\nhe graduated in 1875. While attending to his literary course he\\nbegan the study of medicine with J. H. Montgomery, M. D., of\\nMarshall, and entered the Michigan University at Ann Arbor in\\nthe fall of 1875 and graduated in June, 1877. Dr. Houston is\\nwell liked by all that know him, and as a physician is meeting\\nwith good success. He was married Dec. 25, 1878, to Minnie G.\\nIngersoll, a native of Marshall, Mich. They have 1 son, Earle.\\nDr. Houston makes a specialty of catarrhal, throat and lung\\ndiseases, in which he has more than ordinary success.\\nWilliam Hudson, lumberman, Saginaw City, was born at Kings-\\nton, Canada, Jan. 8, 1844, and is a son of John Hudson, lie came to\\nthis city in 1865, and the first year was employed by A. W. Wright;\\ntwo years for Newton Nobels, and the same length of time for\\nHill Bros. He then engaged in business for himself, and, in Com-\\npany with Robert Louden, has driven logs on the Chippewa during\\nthe springs of 1879, 80 and 81. He was married in 1871 to", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0674.jp2"}, "671": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 669\\nElizabeth Green. The fruit of this union is 3 children Charlotte\\nM.. Fanny L., and William R.\\nJohn L. Jackson, manufacturer of steam-engines, salt-well and\\nmill machinery, castings, brass and composition boxes, S agi naw\\nCity. This well-known foundry is situated on the corner of Water\\nand Jefferson street-, and was erected in 1880, and $5,000 has\\nbeen subsequently expended in added improvements. The cost of the\\nmachinery was $8,000 making a total cost of $13,000. Employment\\ngiven to 22 men two in the blacksmith shop, seven in the\\nfoundry, two in the pattern rooms, and 11 in the machine shop.\\nMr. Jackson was born in Saginaw county. Aug. 19,1855, and is a\\nsonofThomas L. and Veronica (Blatz) Jackson, residing in Sag-\\ninaw City. lie received Ids education in this county, and at the\\nage of 19 year- Learned the trade to which he has so successfully\\napplied himself. On dan. 1. 1881, at St. Louis, Mich., he was\\nuidted in marriage to Sadie Smith, a native of Michigan.\\nThomas Jackson, grocery and provision dealer, Flat-Iron\\nblock. Saginaw, was born in Amsterdam, Holland, of English\\nparents, Sept. 16, 1825. At the age of 13 he became a cabin boy\\non a vessel that sailed to the East Indies. He came to America\\njecond mate of the Angelique underthe noted Captain Samuel\\nSamuels: and in 1852, became Captain of the brig, Henry Nason.\\nEis last voyage was from New York to the Gulf of Mexico. In\\nt853 he came to this county, purchased a farm about five miles\\nwest of Saginaw, and farmed until 186A, when he was elected\\nTreasurer of Saginaw county. This office he held for tw r o years,\\nwhen he engaged in the grocery business on AVater street. In\\nL869 he purchased the ground, and erected part of the Flat-iron\\nMock, at the junction of Cross Road and Washington street, where\\nhe keeps a full line of everything usually kept in a first-class gro-\\ncery and provision store.\\nHe was married in 1853, to Miss Veronica Blatz, by whom lie\\nhas had 3 children; of these but 1 is living; viz.: John L., of\\nSaginaw, and a patron of this work.\\nMr. Jackson has an adopted daughter, Mary. He was Superin-\\ntendent of the County Poor for 10 years, and was chairman of\\nthe Board of Water Works for six year-.\\n///ex. J/. James was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Sept. 27, 1837,\\nand i a son of Charles W. James. He was educated in Kenyon\\nCollege, at Gambier, Knox Co., Ohio. He then read law in Cin-\\ncinnati with Hon. Henry Stanberry. Entered the firm of Stallo\\nTafel, forming a partnership with them under the firm name of\\nStallo. Tafel dames. He remained in this firm for three years,\\nwhen, in L864, he came to Easl Saginaw and practiced law there\\nuntil 1881. He. however, removed his family to Saginaw in L870.\\nHe has rilled the offices of Circuil Court Commissioner for Saginaw\\ncounty for two terms; Register in Bankruptcy since 1873, and is\\nnow City Attorney for Saginaw City; was married in 1862 to Miss\\nCatharine Brawn, of Mount Vernon, Ohio. They have 3 children\\nCatharine, Benjamin S. and Sarah P.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0675.jp2"}, "672": {"fulltext": "670 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMrs. C. Jasperson, dealer in embroidery and embroidered ma-\\nterials, stamping and designing, worsteds, etc. The house was\\nopened in December, 1879. She handles the best class of goods,\\nwhich she buys exclusively from New York and Philadelphia. The\\nstore has a neat appearance and is the only one in Saginaw carrying\\ngoods in that line. Mrs. Jasperson is a daughter of George F. and\\nCaroline Veenfleit, old pioneers of Saginaw county, who came here\\nin 1848, and are residents of Blumfield tp. She is a widow of Win.\\nJasperson, a former resident of Saginaw, who was engaged in archi-\\ntecture and real-estate business/and died Nov. 5, 1878.\\nDavid Howell Jerome, governor of Michigan, .resi d e nc e Sag inaw,\\nwas born at Detroit, Mich., Nov. 17, 1829. His parents emigrated\\nto Michigan from Trumansburg, Tompkins Co., N. Y., in 1828, lo-\\ncating at Detroit. His father died March 30, 1831, leaving 9 chil-\\ndren. He had been twice married and 4 of the children living at\\nthe time of his death were grown up sons, the offspring of his lirst\\nunion. Of the 5 children by his second marriage, David II. was\\nthe youngest. Shortly after Mr. Jerome s death, his widow moved\\nback to New York, and settled in Onondaga county near Syracuse,\\nwhere they remained until the fall of 1834, the 4 sons by the\\nfirst wife continuing their residence in Michigan. In the fall of\\n1834 Mrs. Jerome came once more to Michigan, locating on a farm\\nin St. Clair county. Here the Governor formed those habits of in-\\ndustry and sterling integrity that have been so characteristic of the\\nman in the active duties of life. He was sent to the district school,\\nand in the acquisition of the fundamental branches of learning he\\ndisplayed a precocity and an application which won for him the\\nadmiration of his teachers, and always placed him at the head of his\\nclasses. In the meantime he did chores on the farm, and was al-\\nways ready with a cheerful heart and willing hand to assist his\\nwidowed mother. The heavy labor of the farm was carried on by\\nhis two older brothers, Timothy and George, and when 13 years of\\nage David received his mother s permission to attend school at the\\nSt. Clair Academy. While attending there he lived with Marcus\\nH. Miles, now deceased, doing chores for his board, and the follow-\\ning winter performed the same service for James Ogden, also de-\\nceased. The next summer Mrs. Jerome moved into the village of\\nSt. Clair, for the purpose of continuing her son in school. AVhile\\nattending said academy one of his associate students was ex-Sena-\\ntor Thomas W. Palmer, of Detroit, a rival candidate before the\\ngubernatorial convention in 1880. He completed his education\\nin the fall of his 16th year, and the following winter assisted his\\nbrother Timothy in hauling logs in the pine woods. The next sum-\\nmer he rafted logs down the St. Clair river to Algonac.^In 1847\\nM. H. Miles being Clerk in St. Clair county, and Volney A. Ripley\\nRegister of Deeds, David H.Jerome was appointed Deputy to each,\\nremaining as such during 1848- 49, and receiving much praise from\\nhis employers and the people in general for the ability displayed in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0676.jp2"}, "673": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 671\\nthe discharge of his duties. He spent his summer vacation a\\nclerical work on board the lake vessels.\\nIn l849- 50 he abandoned office work, and for the proper develop-\\nment of his physical system spent several months hauling logs. In\\nthe spring of 1850 hie brother Tiff and himself chartered the\\nsteamer Chautauqua, and Young Dave became her master.\\nA portion of the season the boat was engaged in the passenger and\\nfreight traffic between Port Huron and Detroit, but during the lat-\\nter part was used as a tow boat. At that time there was a serious\\nobstruction to navigation, known as the St. Clair Flats, between\\nLakes Huron and Erie, over which vessels could carry only about\\n10,000 bushels of grain. Mr. Jerome conceived the idea of towing\\nvessels from one lake to the other, and put his plan into operation.\\nThrough the influence of practical men, among them the subject\\nof this sketch, Congress, under a Republican administration, re-\\nmoved the obstruction above referred to, and now vessels can pass\\nthem laden with 60,000 or 80,000 bushels of grain.\\nDuring the season, the two brothers had succeeded in making a\\nneat little sum of money by the summer s work, but subsequently\\nlost it all on a contract to raise the Gen. Scott, a vessel that had\\nsunk in Lake St. Clair. David II. came out free from debt, but\\npossessed of hardly a dollar of capital. In the spring of 1851, he\\nwas clerk and acting master of the steamers Franklin Moore\\nand Ruby, plying between Detroit and Port Huron and Gode-\\nrich. The following year he was clerk of the propeller Princeton,\\nrunning between Detroit and Buffalo.\\nIn January, 1853, Mr. Jerome went to California, by way of the\\nIsthmus, and enjoyed extraordinary success in selling goods in a\\nnew place of his selection, among the mountains near Marysville.\\nUp remained there during the summer, and located the Live\\nYankee Tunnel Mine, which has since yielded millions to its own-\\ners, and is still a paying investment. He planned and put a tunnel\\n600 feet into the mine, but when the water supply began to fail\\nwith the dry season, sold out his interest. He left in the fall of\\n1*53, and in December sailed from San Francisco for New York,\\narriving at his home in St. Clair county, about a year after his de-\\nparture. During his absence his brother Tiff had located at\\nSaginaw, and in 1851 Mr. Jerome joined him in his lumber\\noperation in the Valley pending considerable time in the northern\\npart of the State locating and purchasing pine lands(j,In 1855 the\\nbrothers bought Black mer Eaton s hardware and general sup-\\nply stores, at Saginaw, and David II. assumed the manage-\\nment of the business. From 1855 to 1873 he was extensively en-\\ngaged in lumbering operations.\\nMr. Jerome s ancestors were always opposed to slavery in every\\nform, and he imbibed the love of liberty and independence.\\nSoon after locating at Saginaw he was nominated for Alderman\\nagainst Stewart 15. Williams, a rising young man, of strong\\nDemocratic principles. The ward was largely Democratic, but", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0677.jp2"}, "674": {"fulltext": "672 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMr. Jerome was elected by a handsome majority. When the lie-\\npublican party was born at Jackson, Mich., David H. Jerome was,\\nthough not a delegate to the convention, one of its charter\\nmembers. In 1862 he was commissioned by Gov. Austin Blair\\nto raise one of the six regiments apportioned to the State of Michi-\\ngan. Mr. Jerome immediately went to work and held meetings at\\nvarious points. The zeal and enthusiasm displayed by this ad-\\nvocate of the Union awakened a feeling of patriotic interest in the\\nbreasts of many brave men, and in a short space of time the 23d\\nReg. Mich. Yol. Inf. was placed in the field, and subsequently\\ngained for itself a brilliant record.\\nIn the fall of 1862 Mr. Jerome was nominated by the Republican,\\nparty for State Senator from the 26th district, Appleton Stevens,\\nof Bay City, being his opponent. The contest was very exciting,\\nand resulted in the triumphant election of Mr. Jerome. He was\\ntwice renominated by acclamation and elected both times by in-\\ncreased majorities, defeating George Lord, of Bay City, and Dr.\\nCheseman, of Gratiot county. On taking his seat in the Senate, he\\nwas appointed Chairman of the Committee on State Affairs, and\\nwas active in raising means and troops to carry on the war. He\\nheld the same position during his three terms of service, and intro-\\nduced the bill creating the Soldier s Home at Harper Hospital,\\nDetroit. K He was opposed to the bill authorizing municipal aid to\\nrailroad corporations, and sustained Gov. Crapo in his veto. He\\nwas actively interested in preserving swamp lands for use in local\\nimprovements, and was Chairman of the Committee on Salt, which\\ncommission succeeded in passing the bill creating the Salt Associ-\\nation of Michigan.\\n(jHe was selected by Gov. Crapo as a military aid, and in 1865 was\\nappointed a member of the State Military Board, and served as its\\npresident for eight consecutive years. In 1873 he was appointed\\nby Gov. Bagley a member of the convention to prepare a new\\nState Constitution, and was Chairman of the Committee on Finance.\\nAlthough having previously but little experience in such matters,\\nand none of the diplomatic skill which had characterized the other\\nmembers of the commission in their various official duties for\\nseveral years, yet he brought into view great force of character and\\nan unlimited amount of common sense and earnestness, and was\\nrecognized as one of the leading members of that body.\\nJin 1875 Mr. Jerome was appointed a member of the Board of\\nIndian Commissioners. In 1876 he was chairman of a commis-\\nsion to visit Chief Joseph, the Nez Perce Indian, to arrange an\\namicable settlement of all existing difficulties. The commission\\nwent to Portland, Oregon, thence to the Blue Hills, in Idaho, a\\ndistance of 600 miles up the Columbia river. ^From his many\\ninterviews with the Indians, Mr. Jerome became satisfied that the\\ntrue policy was to enact such measures as would result in the In-\\ndians selecting lands in severalty on their various reservations for\\ntheir own use, and have the remainder sold for their benefit, thus", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0678.jp2"}, "675": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 673\\nopening up the country tor settlement by the whites. This would\\napoD civilize the red man. and also make him self-supporting.\\nAt the Republican State Convention, convened at Jackson, in\\n^iugnst, 1880) Mr. Jerome was placed in the field for nomination,\\nand on the 5th day of the month received the highest honor the\\nconvention could confer on any one. His opponent was Frederick\\nM. Elolloway, ot Hillsdale county, who was supported by the\\nDemocratic and Greenback parties. The State was thoroughly\\ncanvassed by both parties, and when the polls were closed on the\\nevening of election day, it was found that David H. Jerome had\\nbeen selected by the voters of the Wolverine State to occupy the\\nhighest seat within their gift. )C\\nThe following tribute to Gov. Jerome, by an intimate acquaint-\\nance, is well worthy of record: Mr. Jerome is a man of great\\nforce of character, careful and deliberate in the formation of his\\nopinions, but steadfast in them when formed, and persevering in\\ncarrying them out in practice. He is kind and genial in his social\\nnature, and well calculated to exercise a powerful and genial influ-\\nence over the popular mind. He is every day the same courteous\\nand cultivated gentleman. He is ever keenly alive to every scheme\\naiming at the moral, intellectual, and material advancement of his\\nfellows, and ever ready with labor and money to co-operate. He\\ndeserves and enjoys the distinction of being a pleasant, social gen-\\ntleman, a model business man, and a public-spirited and exemplary\\ncitizen, who displays in his public capacity all the virtues that\\nadorn and beautify his daily life. For portrait see page 131.\\nJames Jerome, of the firm of T. Jerome Co., was born in St.\\nClair Co., Mich., and is a son of Timothy Jerome, of Saginaw.\\nPie came with his parents to Saginaw in 1S54. There were Indians\\nhere at that time, and he had Indian boys for playmates. Saginaw\\nwas all in woods back of Water st. Mr. Jerome graduated at the\\noinmercial College at Detroit, and afterward sailed on the Saginaw\\nriver for his father, who then had a line of steamers running upon\\nthat river. For the last 15 years he has been engaged in lumbering.\\nBis wife was Miss Cora L. Sabine, and they have 2 sons and 1\\ndaughter.\\nKeeler Hogeboom, druggists, Saginaw City. This house was\\nopened Nov. 15, l s in the Commercial block, on Court st, by\\nWilliam II. Keeler, and John G-. Hogeboom. On the 25th of\\nFebruary, L880, they were burned out by fire, meeting with a loss\\nof $1,000, and in three months* time anew building was erected,\\nin which they returned to their former location. Mr. Keeler is a\\npractical druggist, and learned his business at Dover, England,\\nwhere he was born Jan. 18, 1848. He practiced his profession\\nthere for 11 years and a half. He came to America in 1871, locat-\\ning at Monroe. Mich., one year, and then came to Saginaw City.\\nHis mother died in England, in 1860, and his father, Henry\\nKeeler, is now living there, engaged in gardening and the cultiva-\\ntion of flowers.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0679.jp2"}, "676": {"fulltext": "674 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMr. Hogeboom, the junior member of the firm, was born at\\nKalamazoo, Mich., in 1855. He is a son of Barent Hogeboom,\\nwho died at Kalamazoo in 1867, and Marcia (Goodridge) Hogeboom,\\nwho also died there in 1863. Both members of this firm are young,\\nenergetic and enterprising, and are doing a prosperous business.\\nWm. K. Kerby, a grandson of a Mrs. Smith who was a full-\\nblooded Mohawk Indian, was born in Canada. In 1861 he came\\nto Saginaw and in 1862 made a permanent settlement. In 1866 he\\nreturned to Canada and subsequently to Saginaw and built the\\nKerby House, of which he is still proprietor. Mr. Kerby is a strictly\\nhonest business man and is doing a good business. His hotel is a\\nfirst-class house, and it can be safely said that no other house in\\nSaginaw Valley of its size does as much business as the Kerby\\nHouse.\\nKinney Camj), jewelers, Saginaw City. Mr. Kinney, the sen-\\nior member of the firm, was born in Otsego Co.,N. Y., March 20,\\n1831 is a son of Samuel and Olive (Bagg) Kinney; father died in\\nChenango Co., 1ST. Y., in 1856, and mother at Walworth, Wis., in\\n1877; subject of sketch received his education in ]STew York; at the\\nage of 17 years, he learned the carriage trade; when he was 20 years\\nold, he learned the jeweler s trade, and finished it with J. H. C.\\nWalter, of Richfield Springs, Otsego Co., N. Y. in 1862, enlisted\\nin Co. G, 114th Reg., N. Y. Yol. Inf., and served till the close of\\nthe war; was wounded at battle of Opequon, Ya. after close of\\nwar, he went into business in Madison Co., N Y. came to Sag-\\ninaw City in 1874, and since that time has been in business; was\\nmarried in August, 1865, to Ann E. St. John, of Madison Co., N.\\nY., and a native of that State. This firm always have on hand a\\nfine assortment of goods, and are having a good class of trade.\\nJacob Knapp, Representative from the first district of Saginaw\\ncounty, was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, Oct. 14, 1846. He\\nreceived a common-school education in the schools of his native\\nvillage, and came to this country in May, 1866, and settled first in\\nDetroit, but in January, 1868, he removed to Saginaw City, where\\nhe has since been engaged in the manufacture of cigars. He was\\nfirst elected Alderman in April, 1877, and re-elected in 1879. He\\nserved on all the important committees in the council, and was\\nchairman of the committee on finance during the last year of his\\nsecond term. He was elected to the House of Representatives over\\nhis opponents by the following vote: Jacob Knapp (Dem.), 1,696;\\nRobert J. Birne y (Rep.), 1,511; Eli C. Andre (Nat), 195.\\nIn January, 1868, Mr. Knapp commenced the business of manu-\\nfacturing cigars in this city, employing at first from four to five\\nmen and boys, which number has increased to an average of 12\\nsteady hands, and the business now aggregates $25,000 a year, sales\\nbeing made chiefly within a range of a hundred miles of Saginaw,\\nand the trade, at first mainly retail, is now mainly of a jobbing\\ncharacter. The current brands at this date are Glorious Republic\\nand U. C. M. They are all upon honor, and because buyers\\nknow this they like to handle them, and hence the comparative", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0680.jp2"}, "677": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW (ITY. 675\\nincrease of the business from year to year. This is peculiarly a\\nSaginaw institution, and from this line of practical and unstrained\\nindividual efforts are coming the best results every where in the\\nway of small manufactures. His business has grown from\\n102,300 cigars manufactured in 1868 to 408,000 in 1ST\\nAugust F. IT A fuse, restaurant; born near Berlin, Prussia,\\nJan. i s 1 s lM. and was reared and educated at Berlin. At an early\\nlie entered business with his uncle, and continued with him up\\nto the time he came to America. July 16, 1852, he landed in New\\nYork, and in the fall of the same year came to Saginaw county,\\nsettling on a farm in Tittabawassee tp., where he remained\\n13 years. For two years he kept a boarding house at the\\nWayne county salt blocks, and then came to Saginaw and opened\\na restaurant and saloon on Water street, opposite where the Macki-\\nnaw bridge stands, which he ran for two years, when he was burned\\nout by fire, and removed to the corner of Hamilton and Mackinaw\\nstreets, operating there two years. In September. 1870, he fitted\\nup his present place on the corner of Court and Hamilton streets,\\nand is now doing a first-class business. He is the one who intro-\\nduced oysters in the city as a regular trade, and keeps them in\\nlarge varieties the year round. His rooms are kept up in a good\\nand attractive manner, and he has on hand a fine assortment of\\nall kinds of refreshments and cigars, etc.\\nMr. Krause was married at Berlin in 1848 to Augusta Pohl, who\\ncame to this country four years after her husband did. They have\\na family of 6 children Clara and Augusta, both married and\\nresiding at Berlin; Mary, married to Henry Croll, a resident of\\nthe city; Paul, August and Emma, residing at home, and one child,\\ndeceased. He is a member of the Teutonia and Knights of Honor,\\nwhich societies he has been connected with for some time.\\nPeter S. Krogman/n^ born at Hollstein, near Hamburg, Ger-\\nmany. May 1, 1832, where he was brought up and received his\\neducation. July 1855, he came to America, and landed in New\\nYork, where he remained for two months and a half, working at\\nthe shoemaker trade, which he learned in the old country. He then\\ncame to Michigan and settled at Birmingham, Oakland Co., where\\nhe remained until Sept. 13, 1856, when he came to Saginaw. In 1858\\nhe opened a shop of his own and worked at his trade until 1867.\\nIn 1868 he started a liquor store, and keeps on hand a full supply\\nof wine, beer and cigars. He first opened on Water street, and in\\n1873 moved to his present place on Hamilton street. Sept. 21,\\nl^t;:;. he was married to Matilda Wengutt, a native of Germany,\\nand they have 7 children, 5 sons and 2 daughters, residing at\\nhome.\\nLucix* Lacy, farmer, sec. 21, was born at Logansport. Ind., Sept.\\n7, l s 42. His parents, Ezra and Gertrude (Bower) Lacy, came to\\nthis county in 1850; the former built the old Exchange Hotel,\\ni n the corner of Ames and Water streets, Saginaw City. Mr. Lacy\\nis a mason by trade, and in 1864 enlisted in Co. C, 29th Regt.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0681.jp2"}, "678": {"fulltext": "676 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMich. Vol. Inf., serving to the close of the war. He resides on a\\npart of the old homestead, and was married Oct. 10, 1862, to Emma,\\ndaughter of Capt. A. R. and Hannah Swarthout, a native of this\\ncounty. They have one child, Cora B., born Nov. 28, 1863, and\\nnow teaching her second term of school.\\nPeter Lome was born in Aureliiis, 1ST. Y., April 23, 1823.\\nHis parents removed to Geneva Co., Ohio, in 1837, and in 1814\\ncame to Flint, Mich. In 1846 he married Miss Charlotte\\nPerry, and removed to Saginaw. He worked at the cabinet-maker s\\ntrade one year, and then worked at the carpenter and joiner s\\ntrade until 1852. In 1850 he was elected Town Clerk, and in 1S51\\nwas made Town Treasurer. He went to California in 1852, leaving\\nhis wife and 2 children in Saginaw. He went all the way on horse-\\nback, and on the same horse. He started with one other man, but\\nthey were afterward joined by four others. His partner died on\\nthe way, of cholera. They stopped at Salt Lake and Hot Springs\\nat the latter place they recruited themselves and horses for one\\nweek, and then proceeded. He mined for some time while in Cali-\\nfornia, and also worked at his trade. He became disabled from a\\nfall in October, 1852, and in 1853 returned to Saginaw. Here he\\nworked for three years as a millwright, when he became engineer\\nfor Miller, Paine Wright. This situation he held for four years.\\nIn 1864 he was elected Supervisor for Saginaw, which office he\\nfilled for four years. He began lumbering in 1876 with William\\nC. Bnsch, which business they still follow.\\nFrank Lawrence was born in the city of New Orleans, Dec. 27,\\n1847, and removed to the city of Detroit in 1857. He received a\\ncommon-school education and when 13 years old entered the\\nemploy of Frederick Stevens, druggist, of Detroit, and served an\\napprenticeship of four years in the drug business; then contin-\\nued in the drug business until the fall of 186S, when he located\\nin East Saginaw and entered the employ of Webber Smith, who\\nwere then preparing an abstract of title to Saginaw county. He\\nwas in their employ two years, and he then engaged in the lumber\\nbusiness in the employ of W. R. Burt Co., with whom he re-\\nmained six years, until he was elected to the office of Register of\\nDeeds for Saginaw county, which office he held four years. Since\\nleaving the Register office, Mr. Lawrence has engaged quite exten-\\nsively in the abstract and real-estate business, having complete\\nabstracts of title to Saginaw and Huron counties, and has an office\\nin Saginaw City, over Jay Smith s drug store, and also in East Sagi-\\nnaw, over Wheat s music store. He was married Jan. 12, 1872, to\\nMary E. Lathrop, of Saginaw City, and has 2 children, named\\nGrace E. and Cora A. His residence is in East Saginaw.\\nChas. A. Lee was born at Hull, Ottawa Co., Province of\\nQuebec, Aug. 18, 1810; his father, Alonzo Lee, was a native of Ver-\\nmont, his ancestors having emigrated there at a very early day. At\\nthe age of 16 Mr. Lee entered the office of E. B. Eddy, match-\\nmanufacturer, where he remained until 1861. He then went to", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0682.jp2"}, "679": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW TIT. 677\\nWinchendon, Mass., and was in the employ of Murdock Co.,\\nwooden-ware manufacturers, until 1864; he then came to Grand\\nRapids, in this State, and worked for Berkey Bros. Co. until\\nL867. He then engaged in business for himself, manufacturing\\nFaucet s curtain rolls; and disposing of his business there he\\nCame to Saginaw in 1873, and took charge of the Saginaw Barrel Com-\\npany s works, which position he held until January last. lie is at\\npresent a stockholder, and is superintending the box department.\\nMr. Lee was married March 7, 1863, at Fitz William, N. II., to\\nMiss Maggie J. Borland, of Ottawa, Ont., by whom he had 5\\nchildren, of whom there are 4 living 3 boys and 1 daughter.\\nHis wife died March 21, 1874, and he married May 19. 1875,\\nFannie C. Braley, daughter of R. D. Braley, of Saginaw, by whom\\nhe has 3 boub.\\nNewton D. Lee, physician and surgeon, Saginaw City, was born\\nat Peru, Mmi-imw Co., O., Sept. 20, L823. His parents were x\\\\sa\\nand Sarah (Meacham) Lee, both of English ancestry; the former\\ndied at Central College, Franklin Co., Aug. 10, 1833, and the\\nlatter at Peru, O., -July L5, L872. Dr. Lee s early life was passed\\nat Peru, Columbus and Central College, O., and at the age of 20\\nyears he began the study of medicine, and four years later grad-\\nuated from the medical college at Willoughby, O. He first\\ncame to Michigan in 1847, but located in Saginaw county in July,\\n1850, where he hassince practiced his profession. He was united\\nin marriage. Nov. 2, L853, to Mary, daughter of Eleazer and Azu-\\nbah L Miller) Jewett. early pioneers of this county; the former\\npassed away from earth in 1875, but the latter survives, at the ad-\\nvanced age of 75 years, and is the oldest living settler of Saginaw\\ncounty. Mrs. Lee was the first white child born within the borders\\nof this comity, the date of her birth being Feb. 11, 1834. Of their\\nchildren. 3 are living Gertrude, Edgar J. and Jessie. The\\ntwo daughters are teachers in the public schools of Saginaw City,\\nand the son is engaged in the lumber business. One son, Wal-\\nlace, and an infant, are deceased. Dr. Lee has an adopte\\nlaughter. atherine Green, who is teaching school at Ionia, Ionia\\nMich. In early life Dr. Lee possessed more than ordinary\\nphysical vigor and strength, but the wearisome and never-ceasing\\nduties of a physician have somewhat impaired his health, and\\nthat dreaded disease, rheumatism, has fastened itself upon liis once\\nhealthy frame: yet his mental faculties are as bright as in days of\\nyore. He was Director of the Poor, County Physician, a member\\nof the iiy Jouncil, the second Recorder of Saginaw City, and is\\nnow serving the citizens as City Physician and County Coroner.\\nHe was largely instrumental in preparing the charter of Saginaw\\nCity, and has always lent a willing hand and heart to all matters\\npertaining to the social, religious and educational advancement of\\nbaginaw county.\\nWin. D. Lewis, carriage and wagon manufacturer; born at\\nFtica. X. V., Dec. 6, 183d, where he was raised and educated,\\nlb learned Ins trade, that of a wheelwright, at his native place,\\n41", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0683.jp2"}, "680": {"fulltext": "C 78 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nand May 1, 1854, went to Detroit, where he remained five years.\\nWhile there, he built the steamer Starr, which ran between East\\nSaginaw and Saginaw. He came to Saginaw in 1865, and organized\\nthe ferry line, and built two other boats, the S. R. Kirby and\\nStarr No. 2, which were in operation between these two points for\\nsix years. In 1869 he organized his present business, and built\\nhis shops at corner Bond and Monroe sts. Since its first construc-\\ntion he has made several additions to it and greatly increased\\nthe working capacity of his business. He was married Jan. 15,\\n1850, to Miss Elizabeth Edick, of Oswego Co., N. Y., and they have\\n2 children living, a son and daughter. InJ.868 he was elected Street\\nCommissioner and held the office for one year.\\nThomas Madill, druggist, Saginaw City, was born at Exeter,\\nHuron Co., Province of Ontario, May 30, 1859. He is a son of\\nWilliam and Elizabeth (McCann) Madill, natives of Ireland. They\\ncame to Saginaw City in 1866, but subsequently removed to Mid-\\nland, Mich., where they reside at present. Thomas was reared\\nto manhood at Midland, receiving a common-school education at\\nSaginaw City, and the former place. In 1871 he entered the drug\\nhouse of 1ST. J. Andrews Co., of Midland, with whom he re-\\nmained one year. He then entered the employ of Anderson Bros.,\\nand four years later came to Saginaw City. He was prescription\\nclerk for J, Smith for one year, and filled the same position for\\nWilliam Moll for a like period. In 1880 he took full charge of\\nthe newly established drug house of C. Kinney Co., and April\\n22, 1881, purchased the stock of his employers. Mr. Madill is\\nan enterprising young man, and well deserves the success that has\\ncrowned his manly efforts. He is the orignator of two or three\\nexcellent remedies for diseases, and his trade in these compounds\\nis increasing with wonderful rapidity.\\nSolomon Malt, farmer and brick manufacturer, on sec. 18, was\\nborn in England, Aug. 14, 1835. His parents are Christopher\\nand Mary Malt, of English birth. Mr. Malt came to America in\\n1851, and for many years was delivery agent of the American\\nUnion Express Company at Buffalo, N. Y. In 1865 he settled in\\nthis county and at present manufactures about 500,000 brick per\\nvear, employing some 14 persons. He owns a good farm and has\\nbeen elected Township Treasurer. He was married at Buffalo, N.\\nY., June 13, 1861, to Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac and Fannie\\nParker. There have been 6 children born to them, 4 of whom\\nare living Fanny L., Sarah E., Thomas and Solomon C. The\\ndeceased are Ellen and Maggie. Mr. Malt raised an adopted\\ndaughter, who is now married, and resides in Canada.\\nJ. 8 Martin, proprietor livery, sale and boarding stable. This\\nliver v was purchased from J. J. Harve} T in 1871, and was located\\non the corner of Water and Cass streets, where it remained six\\nmonths and was then removed to Adams street, where for nine\\nyears it was located. In July, 1881, Mr. Martin changed the stock\\nto his present quarters on corner of Hamilton and Ames streets,\\nhaving everything in fine order and keeping a first-class livery.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0684.jp2"}, "681": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW OTTY. 679\\nHe has on hand from eight to twelve single and four double rigs.\\nOn May 16, 1881, he opened a coupe line for the convenience of\\nthe public, which forms a fine feature of the livery. The value of\\nthe entire stock is about $7,500. Mr. Martin was born in Oxford Co.,\\nProvince oi Ontario, Canada, in 1848, and came to Saginaw City May\\n23, 1868. He is a sou of W. H. and Ann Elizabeth Martin; father\\na native of New York, and living in Oxford county, Canada, and\\nmother, native of Nova Scotia, and died on the homestead in 1850.\\nMr. Martin is the youngest of 7 children. He was united in\\nmarriage, March 5, 1S74, to Emma J., daughter of William H.\\nSweet, an old resident of Saginaw City. Of their 2 children,\\n1 is living.\\nGeorge R. Mason was born in Toronto, Ontario, May 4, 1845.\\nHe is a son of Samuel Mason, a native of Canada. Mr. Mason\\nlearned the carriage-making trade with one Mr. William Dixson.\\nIn 1870 Mr. M. came to Saginaw and followed his trade with Mr.\\nJ. II. Benjamin until 1878, when he established a carriage factory.\\nThis he ran till 1880, then sold to Mr. Benjamin, for whom he is\\nnow superintendent. Mr. Mason married Miss Nellie E. Perry,\\ndaughter of Seymour Perry, resident of Grand Blanc, Genesee\\nCo., Mich., and a pioneer of that place. Mr. Perry is a son of\\nEdraond Perry, the first settler of Genesee county.\\nColin McBratnie, merchant, Saginaw City, w T as born in Scot-\\nland, May 13, 182S. There were 12 children in the family, 8 sons\\nand 4 daughters. Three died in infancy, and the remainder grew\\nto mature years. Of the sons, Charles gave up his life at the battle\\nof Gettysburg; William is a merchant of Hemlock City; George is\\na member of the firm of Parker McBratnie; Andrew owns a farm\\nin Richmond tp.; one daughter is the wife ofCapt. C. H. Jewell,\\nof Heed City, Mich., and the other one married Mr. Parker, a resi-\\ndent of this county. Colin accompanied his brother William to\\nAmerica in the spring of 1851, locating at Saginaw City, and\\nworked by the month on a farm until the arrival of his mother\\nand the remainder of the family, in the fall of 1852. They then\\nbought a farm near Tittabawassee river, which is now owned by the\\nyoungest son, George. Colin was married Feb. 26, 1856, to Agnes\\nMcCnlloch, daughter of Hugh McCulloch, who came from Scot-\\nland and located on the Tittabawassee river, in 1834. Mr.\\nMcHratnie and wife have 5 children John A. and Hugh, both assist-\\ning their father in his business, and Elizabeth, Mary and William,\\nattending the public schools. Mr. McBratnie purchased his fa-\\nther-in-law s homestead, after the latter s death, where he resided until\\nl v 7tl, but subsequently sold the larger part of it and now resides\\nwithin the city limits.\\nJames McCarty (deceased), born at Roxbury, Mass., Nov. 8. ,1815,\\na son of Edward and Mary McCarty, natives of Ireland. Thev\\ncame to Saginaw county in 1830, followed four years later by\\nJames, in 1834. His early days were spent on a farm, as was the\\nmost of his life. A farm was bought near the Tittabawassee river", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0685.jp2"}, "682": {"fulltext": "680 HISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nbj r his parents, the same one now owned by Edward McCarty. In-\\n184:4: he was married to Sophia Swarthout, a daughter of Captain\\nSwarthont, a late resident of Saginaw tp.; entering upon a new life,\\nhe settled on a farm of his own, situated five miles west on the\\n.Midland road, where he resided and became one of the most promi-\\nnent men ofthetp. For over 10 years he held the office of Treasurer\\nand was Justice of the Peace for several years. He was the father\\nof 8 children Edward R., Anthonie, William, Nelson, Clara,\\nMary, Anna and Maggie. On the 14th day of February, 1879, he\\ndied, and was buried on the farm. His widow still lives on the\\nhomestead.\\nThomas McCarty (deceased), one of the pioneers of Northern\\nMichigan and first settlers of Saginaw county, died at the residence\\nof his brother Edward McCarty in the tp. of Tittabawassee. Mr.\\nMc Carfy had enjoyed but indifferent health for the past two years,\\nbut until within a few days of his death his situation was not con-\\nsidered at all critical, and his physicians indulged strong hopes of\\nhis entire recovery. Mr. McCarty had been a resident of Saginaw\\ncounty just 25 years on the day of his death. In company\\nwith his father he emigrated from Boston, Mass., of which\\nplace he was a native, to Michigan, and with ax and pack on his\\nshoulder trod an almost unbroken forest from Detroit to this sec-\\ntion. After surveying the country he settled down in the tp. of\\nTittabawassee, and commenced his career as a farmer, which he\\npursued until his decease. He had seen much public life and had\\nbeen repeatedly chosen by his fellow townsmen to represent their\\ninterests in the County Board, and in 1850 he was the nominee of\\nthe Democracy of the county for Representative to the State Leg-\\nislature, to which office he was triumphantly elected, and served\\nhis constituency in a manner very acceptable to them and creditable\\nto himself. His memory will long be cherished by the people of\\nSaginaw county.\\nRobert McLean, assistant engineer of water works, was born\\nin New York, June 3, 1833, a son of John and Nancy (Fleming)\\nMcLean, formerly from Scotland, and came to New York about\\n1829, and to Saginaw in April, 1846. His mother died in 1858,\\nand his father in 1862. Mr. McLean was brought up on a farm\\nuntil lie was 20 years old, and then for 20 years worked at car-\\npentering and millwrighting. He was Street Commissioner and\\nSuperintendent of the Water Works for six years, and in Novem-\\nber, 1878, he entered the water works as engineer, and has filled\\nthis position from that time. In 1850 he was married to Caroline\\nTance, a native of Rochester, N. Y., and an early settler in Sag-\\ninaw county. They have 6 children residing in the city.\\nBenjamin McLeMan, a prominent farmer of Saginaw tp., was\\nborn in Grafton Co., N. H., Oct. 18, 1813, and is a son of John\\nand Dorothy (Varnum) McLellan, of Scotch descent. Mr. McL.\\ncame to this county Nov. 17, 1834, and now owns 224 acres of\\nland cm sec. 19. He was married Feb. 12, 1845, to Emeline,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0686.jp2"}, "683": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 681\\nlaughter of Zacbariah and Elizabeth (Whitney) Palmer, natives\\nf New York. Of the children sent to them, 6 survive Charles,\\nch\\nof\\nPrank, Clara, Ella, wife of lames Slocum (they have 1 child,\\nMabel E. I, Willie and John B. The deceased are Amanda, Nel-\\nson and Jennie E.\\nDavid McLeod was born in North Scotland, Feb. 14, 1833. He\\ncame by way of Quebec in 1852. He took a tour through Canada\\nand New York, and then settled in Toronto, where he remained\\nuntil 1855. He then accepted a situation as steward on a vessel\\ntor live years. He then went to Ottawa river and ran a saw and\\ngrist mill, and shingle mill for some years. In 1865 he came to\\nSaginaw, and worked at the different mills until 1876, when he\\nestablished a shingle-mill of his own, which is described elsewhere\\nin this work, lie was married in 1853, to Miss Annie Knill. Thej r\\nhave hail 8 children, of whom 6 are living, viz.: David J., Edward\\nA., Jennett E., Mollie, Allie. and Reuben.\\nFrancis McMarm, farmer and gardener, on sec. 17, was horn in\\nRochester, N. Y., April 3, 1839, and is a son of John and Nancy\\n(Owens) McMann, natives of Scotland. In 1862 Mr. M. enlisted\\nin Co. F, 140th Jla^. N. Y. Zouaves, and served till the close of\\nthe war. He came to this county in 1865, and now owns a good\\nfarm. He was Commissioner of Highways, and is at present Over-\\nseer of the Poor. He was married at Detroit, Mich., in 1866, to\\nElizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Abigail (McGregor) Hart, who\\nwas Ixn-n in New York in 1S36. They have 1 child, Marv F.,\\nborn April 20, 1872.\\nWilliam II. JfePhee, merchant tailor, on Washington st., was\\nborn in Ontario, Canada, in 1846. He began his trade there, and\\nfinished it in this city. During the war, he enlisted in Co. C, 179th\\nReg. N. Y. Vol. Inf., in 1863/and served till 1865. In 1865 he\\ncame to Saginaw City, entered the employ of W. A. Carpenter,\\nthen the leading merchant tailor, and was with him four years. In\\n1^7 he went into business for himself, and has been successfully\\nengaged since. He moved to. his present location in the fall of\\n1878. He was united in marriage, in 1868, to Mary Connelly, a\\nnative of Cleveland, O. They have 8 children living, all residing\\nat home.\\nHenry Miller, County Sheriff, was born in Germany, July 5,\\n1831, a son of Frederick and Catharine Miller, who died there. He\\ncame to America in 1849, and located at Princeton, N. J., where\\nhe remained until 1851. He then came to Saginaw and followed\\ncarpentering and joining until the breaking out of the war, in 1861.\\nMr. Miller raised a company, which was entered as Co. K, 5th Mich.\\nInf., and had charge of it for two years and three months, when he\\nwas wounded and returned home. He was in the battles of Will-\\niamsburg, Fair Oaks, Fredericksburg, Seven Days, and at Harper s\\nFerry. After became home he was promoted to Major, but was not\\nable to return. He took contracts for building up to 1867, when\\nhe was elected Sheriff. Served for four years. From 1872 to 1875", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0687.jp2"}, "684": {"fulltext": "682 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nhe was City Supervisor; re-elected again in 1879, and resigned to\\nfill the office of Sheriff again, elected in 1880. He was married\\nMay 6, 1854, to Matilda Low, a native of Ireland. They have 5\\nchildren; the oldest, James, was married to Sarah Ogelby, and re-\\nsides in the city.\\nRon. John Moore was born in the city of London, England,\\nJuly 7, 1826. At the age of four years his parents removed with\\nhim to the State of New York. In 1834 he came to Michigan and\\nresided upon a farm near Milford, Oakland Co., until the spring\\nof 1816, when he commenced the study of law in the office of Hon.\\nAugustus C. Baldwin, then of Milford. In the spring of 1848 he\\nentered the law office of Lathrop Duffield, of Detroit, and in\\nOctober of that year was admitted an attorney of the Supreme\\nCourt at a session of that body held in Pontiac. Mr. Moore com-\\nmenced the practice of his profession soon afterward in Fentonville,\\nGenesee Co., and remained there until the spring of 1851, when\\nhe removed to Saginaw, where he has ever since resided, engaged\\nin professional business. The Judge was Prosecuting Attorney for\\nSaginaw county from 1855 to 1858 inclusive; he was also Mayor\\nof Saginaw City from 1861 to 1863 inclusive, and a member of the\\nBoard of Education for about 15 years prior to 1870, when he de-\\nclined to serve longer, his time being too much occupied with busi-\\nness of his profession. In 1868 Mr. Moore was the Democratic\\ncandidate for Governor of the State; in opposition to Governor\\nBaldwin, and received 30,000 more votes than any Democratic can-\\ndidate for that office had ever received prior to that date. A va-\\ncancy occurred in the office of Judge of the 10th Circuit, by the\\nresignation of Judge Sutherland, Jan. 1, 1871, and a meeting of\\nthe bar of that circuit was held shortly afterward, and Mr. Moore\\nwas requested by a unanimous vote to accept the office, a deserved\\ncompliment to his legal ability and standing in the profession. The\\nmembers of the bar and the leading men of the circuit united,\\nirrespective of party distinctions, in requesting Governor Baldwin\\nto appoint Mr. Moore to the office, on the ground of his eminent\\nability and fitness for the position. He was accordingly appointed,\\non the 1st of February, 1871. The following year a special elec-\\ntion was held, at which the Republican and Democratic parties\\nunited in Judge Moore s nomination, and he was elected without\\nopposition. He continued to faithfully discharge the duties of the\\noffice until 1874, when, on tiie 1st day of February, he resigned, and\\nhas retired to private life. The business of his circuit, measured by\\nthe magnitude and variety of the interests involved, was second to\\nnone in the State, and was administered by him, it is believed, with\\nentire satisfaction to the profession and the public. When called\\nto the bench he stood at the head of his profession in the circuit,\\nand was in the enjoyment of a lucrative practice. In the surrender\\nof his handsome income from this source for the pitiful salary of\\nhis office, Mr. Moore displayed a public spirit as commendable as\\nit is rare. As a Judge he was distinguished for his quick and clear", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0688.jp2"}, "685": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 6S3\\ndiscrimination, keen powers of analysis, thorough legal knowledge,\\nand Bound judgment in the application of the law, as well as prompt-\\nand impartiality in the discharge of his official duties. The\\nJudge began life with habits of industry, energy and good character,\\nand from this beginning he has risen to a high station in life, hav-\\ning occupied a place among the business men of his profession in\\nthe State for many years, and been identified with nearly all the\\nimportant litigations in his section.\\nIn politics he is known as a Democrat, and highly esteemed for\\nhis always moderate and independent course. During the war he\\ndid as much as any person in his part of|the State to unite popular\\nsentiment in support of President Lincoln s war policy, without\\nregard to men or measures.\\nXt-K rll Co.. dealers in books, wall paper, tationery,\\netc., Saginaw City. This house began business Sept. 1, 1861, on\\nWater St., remaining there until Jan. 1, 1860, when they moved,\\nto the Bauer block. In 1871 Mr. Newell bought his present\\nfine store and moved it to his present location. He was born in\\nWayne Co., X. Y., April IT, 1830, and came to Michigan in 1838,\\nlocating first in Oakland county, near Holly, where he remained\\nuntil December, 1851. He then came to Saginaw City, engaging\\nin pile-driving on the river for one year. In 1851 he began the\\nstudy of law, with J. G. Sutherland, and was admitted to the bar\\nin April, 1857, practicing his profession until he became engaged\\nin his present business. He was married Jan. 1, 1853, to Lucretia\\nEartwell, ofPontiac, Midi., a native of this State, who died in\\nSeptember, 1854. He was married again in May, 1857, to Mary\\nE. Probasco, a native of New York. They have 5 children living\\nFrank C, Fred B., Flora B., Ernest and Nellie D., all residing\\nat home. Mr. Newell was City Attorney for two years from\\nApril 1, 1857. to April 1, 1859. He is Secretary and Treasurer of\\nthe Michigan Curtain Roller Co., and is at present Treasurer of\\nthe Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Good Templars, of\\nMichigan.\\nGeo. B. Noble, of the firm of Green Noble, lumbermen, Sagi-\\nnaw, was born in Washington Co., X. Y., Jan. 5, 1829. He\\nwas brought up ou a farm, and educated in the common schools.\\nBe came to St. Clair Co., Michigan, in 1852, and to Saginaw in\\nL855, where he immediately engaged in lumbering as foreman for\\n.1. F. IJust Co. He remained with his employers for five years,\\nwhen he formed a co-partnership with II. .V. Newton, and engaged\\nin the same business. This he continued for about the space of\\nfive year-, when they took W. S. Green as a partner, they after-\\nward buying out Newton s interests.\\nMr. Noble owns large tracts of pine lands in this State, and is\\nconstantly engaged in taking off the pine. He was married in 1863\\nto Miss Harriet M. Simpkins, by whom he has had children; of\\nthese 1 are living, viz.: Willy, Alice. (Trace and Jessie.\\nEdward O Donnell, farmer, sec. 2; P. 0., Saginaw City; was\\nborn in Ireland,in 1829; parents were Patrick and Elizabeth O Don-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0689.jp2"}, "686": {"fulltext": "68\u00c2\u00b1 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nnell, the former of whom died March 7, 1S53; the latter resides\\nwith her son; subject ot sketch came to America in 1852, locating\\nin Monroe Co.. N. Y., and two years later in this county; has been\\nJustice of the Peace of Saginaw tp. for 20 years; is its present\\nSupervisor; was Treasurer four terms; had no property when he\\ncame to tills county, but by steady toil and good management has\\naccumulated a farm of 422 acres; was married Nov. 5, 1855, to Alice,\\ndaughter of Patrick and Anna (Hughes) Fob ley; wife was born in\\nIreland, in 1833. Of 7 children sent to them, 5 are living Elizabeth,\\nwife of Robert Lynch; Alice, Martha, Rosa and Mary. The deceased\\nare Susan and Mary A. Mr. O Donnell and wife are members of\\nthe Roman Catholic Church. Mr. O Donnell s portrait appears in\\nthis volume, on page 185.\\nAndrew Oliver, proprietor of the Turkish Bath House, Saginaw\\nCity, is a native of New York. He came to Iosco Co., Mich.,\\nin 1859, and engaged in lumbering and fishing. During the\\nRebellion he served in the U. S. army. He came to Saginaw in\\n1878, and took charge of the bath rooms, which had been established\\nby Chas. G. Carrao. His baths are very curative in their nature,\\nand have proven better than any medicine in hundreds of cases.\\nChronic diseases are speedilj r cured at his bath rooms. This bath\\nconsists of two epidarium rooms and one manipulating room, be-\\nsides a large cistern or vat for plunge bath.\\nSylvester C. J. Ostrom, M. D., Saginaw City, received his medi-\\ncal education at Rolf Medical College, of Toronto, Canada, and is a\\ngraduate of the Michigan University, Ann Arbor, and the Chicago\\nMedical College. He came to Saginaw City in 1871, and has been\\npracticing medicine since.\\nAlderman B. Paine, a prominent lumberman of Saginaw, was\\nborn in Orleans Co., New York, Dec. 11, 1838, and is a son ot\\nthe next mentioned. He came with his parents to Calhoun Co.,\\nMich., in 1842, who returned to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1843. He\\ncame to Saginaw in 1855, and worked with his father in the lumber-\\ning business. In 1861 he purchased the old Gordon and Packard\\nshingle mill in East Saginaw, and the following year sank a salt\\nwell there, and built the old Kettle block. In 1863 he rebuilt it\\ninto a saw-mill, which he ran half a day when it took fire and was\\nentirely destroyed, with no insurance. He then sold out to E.\\nJBriggs, and resumed lumbering with his father. In 1865 he had\\naccumulated enough to purchase again, and this time purchased\\nthe Taylor Mill, which he ran one season and sold to Henry Thomp-\\nson. In 1872 he repurchased the same mill, which he ran until\\n1873, when it burned. Mr. Paine met with severe reverses in 1873- 4\\nduring the financial crisis, but has again risen, and stands among\\nthe wealthy lumbermen of Saginaw. He was married Dec. 27, 1862,\\nto Miss Jennie Fraser, by whom he has had 7 children; of those, 6\\nare living, viz.: William F., Valorous A., Hattie, Bessie, Susie and\\nRalph. Mrs. Paine is an active member of the Baptist Church.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0690.jp2"}, "687": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 685\\nValorous A. Paine (deceased) whs born in Otsego Co., New York,\\nJuly 22, 1813, and was a son of Asa Paine, who removed with his\\nfamily to the Holland Land Purchase, in Western New York, in\\n1817. In 1833 he went to Albion, N. Y., and clerked in the\\nstore of Aldermau Butts, who afterward became his father-in-law.\\nlie afterward, in company with Mr. Clark S. Potter, bought Mr.\\nButt s stock of goods, and carried on the business for several years.\\nHe came to Albion, Calhoun Co., Mich., in 1846, but only re-\\nmained one year, when he returned as far as Cleveland, Ohio, and\\nlocated within 21 miles of that place, and sold goods in the same\\nbuilding in which Brown, the noted counterfeiter, once carried on\\nhis work of coining his bogus money; and be it to Mr. Paine s\\ncredit, he was the means of bringing that noted rascal to justice\\nfor the first time. Mr. Paine remained but a few months in that\\nplace when he removed to Cleveland, and there engaged iu traffic\\nfor 10 years. He rented and operated the elevators there during\\nthat time, and in 1848, in company with others, established a lum-\\nber yard there. It was the interests of the lumber trade that\\ncaused him to return to Michigan, which he did about the year\\nL850, locating in Saginaw, and followed lumbering until his death.\\nHe was married in i835 to Miss Harriet Butts, by whom he had 3\\nchildren, viz.: Lydia B. (deceased) Alderman B. and Kittie.\\nDuring the late war Mr. Paine took active part in favor of the\\nUnion, and spent much valuable time and large sums of money to\\nsupport the war, and for the support of the soldiers families. Al-\\nthough some of his political enemies have dared to accuse him of\\nbeing a Southern sympathizer, a more unjust and willful falsehood\\ncould not have been perpetrated upon any one. But he was\\nalways a very unostentatious man, not caring to tell the world at\\nlarge of his commendable traits and benevolent acts. He died\\nMarch 6, 1867, loved and respected by hosts of friends and ac-\\nquaintances. He was a worthy member of the Baptist Church,\\nand an ever faithful and earnest Christian worker. Saginaw lost\\na valuable citizen in the death of Mr. Paine. The only living\\ndaughter, Kittie, married Major N. S. Wood, a prominent attor-\\nney of Saginaw, and a gentleman who distinguished himself during\\nthe late war, in the service of the United States. After the war\\nhe returned to his native State, New York, and was admitted to\\nthe bar at Buffalo in 1866, and the same year located in Saginaw.\\nThomas Parker, farmer and manufacturer of brick, was born in\\nScotland, Aug. 22, 1819; parents were Isaac and Elizabeth Parker;\\nsubject of sketch came to America in 1849, and settled in Saginaw\\ncounty, owns 140 acres of land in sec. 19, where he has a brick-\\nyard; turns out nearly 2,000,000 of brick per year, and gives em-\\nployment to IS persons; was married in 1843 to Jessie Beard, who\\nwas born in Scotland in 1824. Two children were born to them\\nMary and Elizabeth (deceased). Mrs. Parker died in 1849, and in\\n1857 Mr. P. married Ellen Garden, who was born in Scotland,\\nAug. 23, 1818. Mr. Parker has acquired his proprrty only by long\\nyears of energy and perseverance.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0691.jp2"}, "688": {"fulltext": "686 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nPenoyer St. John, book-sellers and dealers in school books,\\nmiscellaneous books, stationery and wall-paper, also in notions and\\nfancy goods at the principal news depot of Saginaw. This house\\nbegan business in September, 1868, on Hamilton street, and after-\\nward came to their present location on Court street in 1873.\\nMr. Penoyer was born in Genesee Co., Mich., March 17, 1838,\\nand came to Saginaw in 1852; received his principal education\\nhere, and at the opening of the war enlisted in the 23d Mich. Inf.,\\nCo. E, in 1862, and served till the close of the war in 1.865. Dur-\\ning that time he was mostly on detached service. Mr. Penoyer\\nwas in business alone for three years, and at the expiration of that\\ntime he formed a co-partnership with Ledger St. John.\\nThe latter is a native of Otsego Co., N. Y., and received his\\neducation in his native State. When quite young he went to In-\\ndiana, and when the war commenced went back to New York and\\nenlisted in Co. G, 114th Reg. N. Y. Vol. Inf., and was made\\nSergeant- Major of the regiment, and subsequently made 1st Lieu\\ntenant and assigned to Co. K. He served throughout the war,\\nand in the fall of 1865 came to Saginaw City, where he has since\\nbeen engaged in business. He married Addeliza Palmer.\\nRobert Pfaendtner, manufacturer of cigars, and dealer in cigars,\\ntobaccos, and all kinds of smoking articles. He began business\\nDec. 27, 1874, on Water street, and remained there six months;\\nthen moved to Hamilton street, and to his present location in Au-\\ngust, 1876. He was born in Leipsic, Germany, Dec. 1, 1844, and\\nlearned his trade in Germany. On Feb. 9, 1869, he came to\\nAmerica and settled at Buffalo, N.Y., where he remained four years.\\nHe was married in 1871 to Paulina Naumann, a native of Werms-\\ndorf, Germany. They have 1 child. He came to Saginaw City in\\n1874, and has been engaged in business since. His trade extends\\nover the entire Saginaw Valley.\\nM. C. T. Plessner, M. D., Saginaw City, was born in Striegau,\\nPrussia, Oct. 20, 1813, and is a son of Henry Plessner, late Pro-\\nfessor of the University at Breslau, who died in 1835. His literary\\neducation was received at the gymnasium, and his medical course\\nat the University of Berlin. In 1849 he came to America, and\\narrived at Saginaw City Aug. 10, 1849, where he has made his\\nhome, excepting two years passed at Toledo, O. From 1852\\nto 1860 he was Justice of the Peace and Superintendent of the\\nPoor. In 1859 he received the Captaincy of a Saginaw City com-\\npany of State militia, but resigned in 1860. He was President of\\nthe Board of Education for 10 years, and in 1868 was elected as a\\nPresidential Elector. Dr. Plessner lias been a Freemason since\\n1839, having taken all the degrees but one, and is the oldest prac-\\nticing physician in Saginaw county. He has also been connected\\nwith several different medical societies, and has always taken an\\nactive part in industrial enterprises. A carefully prepared address\\ndelivered by Dr. Plessner at the organization of the German\\nPioneer Society, at Saginaw City, in May, 1881, will be found on\\npages 219-229 of this volume. \u00c2\u00a3JS3Ld", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0692.jp2"}, "689": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 687\\nHon. Chandler E. Potter (deceased) was born in East Concord,\\nX. EL, March 7, 1800. The ancestors of the Potter family were\\nanions the early settlers of New England. Joseph, the father of\\nCol. Potter, was born in Concord, N. EL, Sept. 20, 1772. He mar-\\nried Miss Anna Drake, daughter of Thomas Drake, formerly of\\nHampton, N. II., April 25, 1793. She was born Oct. 25, 1774, and\\ndied very suddenly Aug. 23, 1844. Her husband died Feb. 1, 1853,\\naged SO years. Their children were Richard, born Oct. 3, 1793;\\nThomas Drake, Jan. 13, 1796; Jacob Averill, July 22, 1798;\\nhandler Eastman, born as above stated. The latter spent his child-\\nhood and early youth at home on his father s farm, and attending\\nthe district school about ten weeks in the year.\\nWhile yet at home curiosity led him to visit places far and near,\\nin the town, which had any traditionary interest. He explored the\\nbanks of the Merrimack river, scoured the plains, picked up Indian\\nrelics, and found, in repeated instances, the bones of Indians slain,\\nas he believed, in the fight between the Mohawks and Penacocks.\\nWith this taste for the legendary and the curious, he aspired to a\\nhigher education than the district school furnished. Accordingly,\\nat the age of about 18, he went to the academy in Pembroke, N. H.,\\nand was fitted for college; entered at Dartmouth in 1827, and grad-\\nuated in 1831.\\nAfter his graduation he taught select or high schools in Concord\\none year, and in Portsmouth two years; represented the latter town\\nin the Legislature in 1835; again taught in the high school in Ports-\\nmouth from July, 1835, to 183S; read law, while there, with the\\nHon. Ichabod Bartlett, and with Messrs. Pierce Fowler at Con-\\ncord from 1841 to 1*43; began practice at East Concord; removed\\nto Manchester in 1844; was editor and proprietor of the Manchester\\nDemocrat from March, L844, to 1848; edited the Farmers Monthly\\nVisitor in 1852- 3; also the Granite Farmer and Monthly Visitor\\nin 1854- 5; was co-editor of the Weekly Mirror and Farmer in\\n1864- 5.\\nNov. 1, 1832, Mr. Potter married Clara Adda, daughter of John\\nUnderwood, Esq., of Portsmouth, who died at Manchester, March\\n19, 1854, aged 51 years. They had 3 children Joseph Treat. Went-\\nworth and Drown. Drown was killed at Garlick s Landing, Va.\\nHe was again married Nov. 11, 1856, to Miss Frances Maria,\\ndaughter of Gen. John McNeil, of Hillsboro, N. H. After his\\nmarriage with Miss McNeil he resided at Hillsboro, in the family\\nmansion, the former residence of Gov. Benj. Pierce.\\nIn physical development Mr. Potter was a marked man. six feet\\nthree inches in stature, large and well proportioned, weighing\\nabout 280 pounds; form erect, step firm and dignified; in conver-\\nsation pleasing and intelligent. In public address his voice was,\\nclear, well modulated and distinct, and when kindled witlvemotion\\nforcible and expressive. His taste led him chiefly into historical\\nresearch. In Indian history he had no superior in New Hamp-\\nshire, and in the military history of New Hampshire, no equal.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0693.jp2"}, "690": {"fulltext": "688 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nIn 1841 he was elected a member of the New Hampshire Historical\\nSociety, in 1852 chosen first Vice President, and President in\\n1855-7. He died suddenly in the city of Flint, Mich., Aug. 3,\\n1868, aged 61 years, 5 months and 29 days. His portrait appears\\non page 149.\\nMrs. Francis Maria McNeil Potter. This lady is doubtless a\\ndescendant, on her father s side, of the ancient and noble family of\\nMcNeils of Scotland. The founder of the family in America was\\nJohn McNeil. He left Scotland in 1719 and took up his residence\\nin Londonderry, Ireland, during which time he participated in the\\nsiege of that place. A few years afterward he came to America\\nwith his family, and we find them in 1725 located at Derryfield,\\nnow Manchester, N. II.\\nOne of his sons, Daniel McNeil, and his family, moved from\\nManchester in 1771, to Hillsboro, N. H., where he resided until his\\ndeath. Daniel s son, John, was born in Manchester in 1756, and\\nat the breaking out of the Revolutionary war, enlisted as a private\\nin Captain Baldwin s Co., which was of Stark s regiment. In\\nthe battle of Bunker Hill he assisted Captain Baldwin from the field\\nwhen mortally wounded. He was also with Stark at the Battle of\\nBennington, and served with distinction throughout the war. He\\nattained the rank of Lieutenant, and died at Hillsboro, N. II., Sept.\\n29, 1836, aged 79 years.\\nThe son of the last named was also named John, and was the\\nfather of the lady whose name heads this sketch. He was early\\neducate! to a military life, and is known in history as General John\\nMcNeil. He served with distinction in the war of 1812, and was\\nin command at Fort Dearborn, 111., having his family with\\nhim at the fort when his daughter, Francis Maria Potter, was born.\\nGen. McNeil married Miss Elizabeth A. Pierce, at Hillsboro, N.\\nH., in 1811. She was a daughter of Gov. Benjamin Pierce, of\\nNew Hampshire, and a sister to Franklin Pierce, who afterward\\nbecame President of the United States. Thus it will be seen that\\nthe subject of this sketch was a daughter of a distinguished General\\nin the U. S. army, grand-daughter of the Governor of a state, and\\nniece of a President of the United States. As a result of such con-\\nnections and surroundings, the most eminent men and women of\\nthe day were numbered as her acquaintances and associates.\\nWhen Mrs. Potter w T as but lour years old, her father, Gen.\\nMcNeil, was appointed Surveyor of the port of Boston, Mass., by\\nPresident Jackson. Here she passed her time until she attained\\nher 18th year, attending the best schools offered, and subsequently\\nattending Madame Chegaway s Academy at New York, where\\nshe finished her education. During her uncle s, President Pierce s,\\nadministration, some of her time was passed at the White House,\\nbetween which and the old Pierce homestead at Hillsboro (which\\nshe then owned) her time was fully occupied. In November, 1856,\\nat Hillsboro, she was married to Hon. C. E. Potter. The follow-\\ning years were spent with her husband at the old home, during the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0694.jp2"}, "691": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITY. 689\\ntime making frequent visits to Michigan and the Saginaw Valley,\\nto attend to her property located in that section, consisting of tracts\\nof land and other property belonging to the estate of Gen. McNeil.\\nIn August, 1868, Mr. Potter died very suddenly of paralysis, and\\ntwo pears afterward Mrs. P. disposed of her homestead to her\\ncousin, Gen. Andrews, retaining all the old Pierce and McNeil\\nrelics, consisting of the sword used by her grandfather, Benjamin\\nPierce, in the Revolution, now on exhibition at Independence Hall,\\nPhiladelphia; also Gen. McNeil s sword, used at Lundy s Lane and\\nChippewa, and the rest of his military accoutrements.\\nA few years since Mrs. P. made the tour of Scotland, and visited\\nthe scenes of the lives of her ancestors and friends of the same\\nname, among whom was Sir John McNeil, owner of Colonsay\\nand Oronsay, being two Islands in the English channel, and consist-\\ning of 10,000 acres. A most delightful visit was made with this\\nfamily. The ancient motto of the McNeils is Conquor or die,\\nand Mrs. Potter has well established that the motto has not been\\nforgotten or fallen into disuse, in at least one descendant of the\\nfamily of the present generation, Mrs. Potter having for years\\nsuperintended and given her personal attention to the manage-\\nment of her business and landed estate. Thereby, as it is said\\nby these familiar with her affairs, she has saved that which might\\nhave been lost without her individual efforts.\\nWilliam Powell, Cashier First National Bank of Saginaw, is\\na native of Victor, Ontario Co., New York. His father, John\\nPowell, was desirous to obtain for his son a thorough education,\\nand therefore purchased a scholarship in the Hamilton college; but\\nhe died when the son was but 13 years old, and no benefit was derived\\nfrom the outlay. Mr. Powell, however, succeeded in obtaining an\\neducation at Rochester University. From his 18th to his 29th\\nyear he was successively Librarian of the Public Library of Roch-\\nester, X. Y. and assistant bookkeeper and discount clerk in the\\nI (Chester ity Bank. Mr. Powell has been connected with various\\nbanks for 22 years, among which are the bank of H. J. Perrin\\no., and the National Bank of Michigan, at Marshall, Michigan.\\nHe accepted his present situation in August, 1880.\\nM. Quinn, dealer in pine lands, was born in Canada, May 22,\\nls44. He came to Saginaw, Mich., in 1862 and helped lay the\\nR. R. track between Flint and Holly. He then became a con-\\ntractor for the building of railroads, building roads in Pennsyl-\\nvania, Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana, and also some in Illinois,\\nlie returned to Saginaw in 1867, and engaged in lumbering for a\\nshort time; since which time he has been dealing in pine lands.\\nBe was married March 10, 1868, to Miss Remina Fordney, by\\nwhom he has 3 children Thomas W., Francis Q. and Celia L.\\nMr-. ,)uinii died in 1875.\\nGeo. B. Rathhun. foreman in Swift s lumber and salt manufac-\\ntory, was born in Otsego Co., New York, Jan. 23, 1845. He was\\nbrought up on a farm, and came to South Saginaw in 1863. He", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0695.jp2"}, "692": {"fulltext": "690 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nlias remained in Saginaw ever since, except the winter of 1864 and\\n65, which he spent in his native State. He began to work in Swift s\\nmill in 1867, and has assisted in making changes and improve-\\nments that have been made in it since that time. He married\\nMiss Jennie Chisholm, by whom he has 1 boy, George. Mr.\\nRathbun is the present Alderman for the Fourth ward.\\nMr. Renier, of the firm of Remer Runnenberg, wholesale and\\nretail dealers in Milwaukee lager and export beer, manufactured\\nby Philip Best, Milwaukee, Wis., was born at Mecklenburg-\\nSchwerin, Germany, July 21, 1811, and came to America in the\\nfall of 1863, locating in Saginaw City. He was formerly engaged\\nin the salt blocks, and worked in a saw-mill for nine years. In\\nNovember, 1869, at Saginaw City, he was married to Miss\\nSophia Riess, a native of Germany, who came to this country\\nwhen four years old. They have had 1 child, now deceased. The\\nother partner, Mr. Runnenberg, was born in Prussia Aug. 11,\\n1835. He came to America in 1866, settling first at East Sagi-\\nnaw, and in 1876 located at Saginaw City. Mr. Runnenberg was\\nformerly engaged in the clothing business. The firm was estab-\\nlished in May, 1880, and now do a large and flourishing business.\\nW. A. Richards, dentist, Saginaw City, was born at Barhamville,\\nS. C, in 1857. He received his education at Canandaigua, N. Y.,\\nwhere he lived with his father and mother, P enjamin and Christina\\n(Sheldon) Richards. His father was principal of the Ladies\\nSeminary of Canandaigua for 25 years, and died March 28,\\n1877, at Canandaigua, N. Y. He has associated himself with\\ndifferent dentists, of whom Dr. A. N. Chapman, of Brooklyn, N.\\nY., was the principal one. He began practicing in Saginaw City\\nin the fall of 1877, and enjoys a large and steadily increasing\\nbusiness.\\nJohn W. Richardson, the pioneer of the saddle and harness busi-\\nness in Saginaw City, was born on the Island of Cape Breton,\\nJune 23, 1833. His parents removed to Boston, Mass., in 1835,\\nand to Detroit, Mich., in 1836, and in December, 1837, to Saginaw\\nCity, where they resided until their deaths, his father s, Oct. 21, 1813,\\nand his mother s, Dec. 24, 1868. The subject of our sketch can be\\ntruly regarded as one of the fixtures of Saginaw City, never hav-\\ning, from the date of his arrival until the present time, resided\\noutside of its corporate limits. He may almost be considered as to\\nthe manor born, having been reared, educated, acquired his pro-\\nfession and gained his business experience and knowledge within\\nits limits. In his 18th year Mr. Richardson, on Jan. 28, 1851,\\ncommenced his apprenticeship at the harness trade, and after\\ncompleting his term, started business for himself Oct. 1, 1854, and\\nhas continuously carried on the same without break or ripple until\\nthe present time. From a very small beginning of but a few hun-\\ndred dollars, he has, by strict attention and personal management\\nof his business, so increased it that it now runs into the thousands.\\nLosing his father at the early age of 10 years, Mr. R. made his", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0696.jp2"}, "693": {"fulltext": "SAGINAW CITV. 691\\naged mother his special care during her life; he consequently re\\nmained unmarried until after her decease. Some tour years\\nafter the death of his mother, to wit, Oct. 9, 1872, he\\nwas married to Miss Mary Kelley, of Belleville, Ontario. Their\\nunion has been blessed with a son and daughter; the former was\\nborn Sept. 26, 1873, and the latter Ddc. 30, 1879. Mr. Richard-\\nson, as far as his circumstances would warrant, has always taken a\\ndeep interest in the prosperity and progress of the city of his\\nchoice, and in a measure has contributed to her growth by the pur-\\nchase of real estate and improving the same^ being the owner of\\nthe block which bears his name and in which his store is situated;\\nalso several dwellings and the homestead which he occupies at the\\npresent time.\\nRev. Isaac H. Riddick, Pastor of the Washington Avenue M.\\nE. Church of Saginaw, was born in West Elkton, Ohio, June 15,\\n1846, and is a son of Samuel T. and Mary Riddick. His parents\\ndied when he was but a boy, and he was left to battle with the world\\nalone. He went to Richmond, Indiana, where he attended the\\npublic schools. He graduated from Albion College, Mich., in June,\\n1870, and the same year went to Minnesota and entered upon the\\nwork of the ministry in the M. E. Conference in that State, where\\nhe remained until September. 1877, when he was transferred to the\\nDetroit Conference and stationed at Oscoda. In September, 1879,\\nhe was stationed at Saginaw, where he still remains. His child-\\nren are 3 Carlos, Florence and Mary.\\nE. J. Ring is a native of Hampden Co., Mass., and was born\\nSept. 20, 1824. He removed to Sandusky, Ohio, in 1857, and\\nestablished a lumber yard at that place. He soon afterward pur-\\nchased pine timber lands in the valley of the Tittabawasse. He\\nbrings his logs down the streams and saws them, and ships the\\nlumber to his yards in Sandusky. He brought his family to Sagi-\\nnaw in 1865. His wife was a Miss Ann E. Clark, who bore him 4\\nchildren. Of these 3 are living William L., Annie S. and Clark\\nL. Mr. Ring is also engaged in the manufacture of salt, and has\\na fishery in Lake Superior.\\nEugene Ringhr, druggist, Saginaw City, was born in Wurtem-\\nberg, Germany, May 5, 1824. He received his education in his\\nnative land, and in 1847 came to America. He graduated from the\\nmedical department of the University of Michigan in 1852, after\\nwhich he went to Ohio, and practiced medicine at Fostoria until\\nL857. He made a visit to Germany during a few months of that\\nyear, and on his return located^at Tiffin, O., where he continued to\\npractice until the breaking out of the war in 1861. He enlisted as\\nAssistant Surgeon, and was afterward promoted to Surgeon, serving\\ntill the close of the war in 1865. He returned to Tiffin, remained\\nthere two years, and then he came to Saginaw City. After being\\nhere one year, he went into partnership with E. Epting, which\\nrelation lasted one year, when he removed into his present store on\\nHamilton st. His business has increased yearly, and he is one of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0697.jp2"}, "694": {"fulltext": "692 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthe substantial druggists of this city. In 1S57 he married Maiy\\nKapff, a native of Germany. They have 3 children, viz.: Lydia,\\nEugene and Annie. Eugene was engaged in the drug business at\\nNew York, but at present is in Paris, France.\\nEliakim C. Ripley was born in Montgomery Co., N. Y., Jan.\\n3, 1815, and is a son of Abner Ripley, a native of Plymouth Co.,\\nMass. He received a common-school education, and in his early\\nyears was engaged in farming, and teaching school occasionally in\\nthe winters. He was married to Phebe F., daughter of George\\nBirch, April 16, 1840, by whom he had 6 children; of these, 4 are\\nliving 3 daughters and a son. After his marriage he engaged for\\na time in the manufacture of gloves and mittens in Gloversville,\\nN. Y., and afterward returned to his agricultural pursuits. In 1854\\nhe sold his farm near Amsterdam, N. Y., and invested the money\\nin pine lands; and in 1854 removed with his family to St. Clair,\\nMich. In 1855 he came to Saginaw. At that time there were but\\nfew houses at East Saginaw, and not a bridge nor brick building\\nbetween Bay City and Midland. Mr. Ripley engaged successfully\\nin lumbering until disabled by rheumatism, and has since rested\\nfrom his labors, only looking after his real estate and attending to\\nother business matters.\\nW. R. Robinson, proprietor livery, feed, and sale stable, began\\nbusiness in 1873 on the corner Van Buren and Hamilton sts., and\\nin 1875 came to his present location oh Van Buren st. He has a\\nstock of eight single buggies, one double-seated carriage, seven\\nhorses, and also owns the barn which he occupies. The amount of\\ncapital invested is $4,500. Mr. Robinson has a tine iivery, and is\\na gentleman who oversees his business, giving the most of his time\\nto the interest of it. He was born in Cattaraugus Co., 1ST. Y., in\\n1850, and came to this city when three years old, and has been here\\nsince, with the exception of six years spent at Flushing, Genesee\\nCo., Mich. He was engaged nine years with the Tittabawassee\\nBoom Co., about 16 months in the Franklin House, and afterward\\nin the livery, which business he has followed since. He is a son of\\nJ. II. Robinson, who keeps -the Union House at St. Charles, this\\ncounty, and formerly engaged in the livery business in Saginaw\\nCity.\\nOtto Roeser, Probate Judge, was born in Prussia, in November,\\n1823. He was brought up there and received his education at the\\nUniversity, at first making theology, afterward jurisprudence,\\nhis study.\\nIn 1850 he came to America, and located in Saginaw Co.,\\nMich., on the Tittabawassee river, where he followed farming for\\n10 years. He came to the city in 1861, and was appointed Deputy\\nRegister of Deeds, which position lie filled for two years. In 1861\\nhe was also elected Superintendent of the Poor, and in 1862 to the\\noffice of Justice of the Peace, holding each one respectively for\\neight years. In November, 1864, he was elected Probate Judge,\\nand has filled this office successfully ever since. He was also", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0698.jp2"}, "695": {"fulltext": "X^L7 Ck*^ y^i", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0699.jp2"}, "696": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0700.jp2"}, "697": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0701.jp2"}, "698": {"fulltext": "Wl$", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0702.jp2"}, "699": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\\\\Zit\\n%m^ s?", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0703.jp2"}, "700": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0704.jp2"}, "701": {"fulltext": "ALBEE TOWNSHIP.\\nThe inhabitants of this township are principally devoted to agri-\\nculture. There is not a store within its borders. It is heavily tim-\\nbered and lias a strong and fertile soil. The Mistequay creek passes\\nthrough its center from south to north, while the Flint river crosses\\nits northeastern corner. It is described on the map as township 10\\nnorth, range -A- east, and received the name of Albee from W. C.\\nAlbee, an early settler, now deceased. It is a full township, with\\na population of 4.\u00c2\u00b0 4.\\nThe Board of Supervisors, in session Feb. 17, 1863, considered\\nthe application of the freeholders of this portion of the county,\\nand resolved, That township 10 north, of range 4 east, be, and\\nthe same is. hereby erected into a township to be called and known\\nby the name of the township of Albee. The first annual town-\\nsnip meeting thereof shall be held at the house of William C.\\nAlbee. on the first Monday of April, 1863, at ten o clock in the\\nforenoon, and at said meeting Isaac Savage, James Darling and\\nThomas S. Craig, three electors of said township, shall be the per-\\nsons whose duty it shall be to preside. A meeting in accordance\\nwith this order was held April 6, 1863, with the officers mentioned,\\npresiding, Seth Sprague as clerk, and 20 other electors present.\\nThe following is a list of township officers to the present time\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nJames Darling 1863\\nII. K.Sloan 1864-\\nAllen Barnum 1866\\nJames Darling 1867\\nD.Gould 1868\\nJ. C. Coombs 186!)\\nII. K. Sloan 1870\\nAllen Barnum 1871\\nJames Darlinsr 1872\\nAllen Barnum 1873\\nIsaac Savage 1874\\nH. K.Sloan 1875\\nH. K. Sloan 1876\\nJ. N. Slocum 1877\\nJohn N. Slocum 1878-\\nJames Darling 1880\\nT. S. Craig 1881\\nCLERKS.\\nC. Bprague 1863\\nJoel Savasce 1864- 6\\nJ. A. Gould 1867\\nJ. C. Coombs 1868\\nJames Darling 1869\\nJan-dRobbins 1870\\nJ. A. Gould 1871- 8\\n43 (715)\\nJames Darling 1874\\nJ. A. Goukl 1875\\nH.G. Ives 1876\\nH. B. Wire 1877- S\\nJ. A. Gould 1879\\nJohn C. Herpel 1880- l", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0705.jp2"}, "702": {"fulltext": "it.\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTREASURERS.\\nSeth Sprague i\\nW. C. Albee 1864- 7\\nJ. B. Fairchild 1868-70\\nT. S. Craig 187l- 4\\nW. S. Stuart 1875- 7\\nT. S. Craig 1878\\nJames Darling 1879\\nIsaac Savage 1880- l\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nIsaac Savage 1863\\nLewis Shoe-Its 1863\\nII. K. Sloan 1863\\nReuben Wilson 1864\\nT. S. Craig 1866\\nJ. B. Faircliild 1866\\nT. S. Craig 1867\\nH. K. Sloan 1867\\nJohn C. Coombs 1868\\nAllen Patrick 1869\\nW. C. Albee 1869\\nH. B. Wire 1870\\nJ. McDonagh 1870\\nH. K. Sloan 1871\\nA. C. Kidd 1871\\nIsaac Savage 1872\\nC. C. Sprague 1872\\nLewis Shoolls 1872\\nJames Sutton 1873\\nA. C. Kidd 1874\\nThos. McDonagh 1874\\nC. C. Spraerue 1875\\nChas. Sutton 1875\\nFrank Irvine 1876\\nIsaac Savage 1876\\nH. R. Darling 1877\\nC. W. Smith. 1878\\nIsaac Savage 1878\\nL. Shoolts.. 1879\\nFrank Irvine 1880\\nC. W. Smith 1881\\nAllen Barnum 1881\\nThe first school building erected in the township was that on\\nsection 29, in 1860. Now there are three frame structures and\\none log house devoted to school purposes. The schools are taught\\nby five teachers and claim an aggregate daily attendance of 75\\npupils.\\nEARLY LAND BUYERS.\\nThe following list of patentees of the U. S. lauds in this town-\\nship contains many names closely identified with the settlement\\nand growth of the county:\\nJ. Kearsley, sec. 1, Sept. 18, 1822.\\nHenry Wager, sec. 1, April 13, 1836.\\nAlex. McArthur, sec. 1, March 11, 1836.\\nC. Hurlbut, sec. 1, March 11. 1836.\\nJ. J. McCormick, sec. 1, Feb. 15, 1836.\\nEurotas P. Hastings, sec. 1, April 12,\\n1836, and March 24, 1837.\\nCharles Butler, sec. 2, Dec. 2, 1836, and\\nNov. 14, 1836.\\nJohn Ballard, sec. 2, Feb. 8, 1837.\\nWilliam Charles, sec. 2, Dec. 22, 1854.\\nEleazer M. Andrews, sec. 2, Oct. 6, 1855.\\nIsaiah Meeker, sec. 7, April 11, 1855.\\nJames P. Hayder, sec. 12, Oct. 4, 1849.\\nD. Houghton, sec. 12, May 20, 1836.\\nJohn A. Welles, sec. 12, May 20, 1836.\\nH. G. Hubbard, sec. 12, May 20, 1836.\\nDarius Rust, sec. 12, Oct. 18, 1854.\\nD. Houghton, sec. 13, May 20, 1836.\\nJohn A. Welles, sec. 13, May 20, 1836.\\nH. G. Hubbard, sec. 13, May 20, 1836.\\nM. Haughelton, sec. 18, Nov. 14, 1854.\\nJames McCollom, sec. 18, Nov. 1, 1854.\\nSimon Trumbull, sec. 18, Nov. 27, 1854.\\nT. S. Alexander, sec. 19, Dec. 8, 1854.\\nCharles Condon, sec. 19, Nov. 23, 1854.\\nJohn B. Vaughan, sec. 19, Nov. 23, 1854.\\nT. L. L. Brent, sec 21, March 28, 1836.\\nJohn C. Griswold, sec. 23, Oct. 14, 1854.\\nDavid W. Gilbert, sec 23, Oct. 14, 1854.\\nPeter Ingersoll, sec. 23, Oct. 14, 1\u00c2\u00ab54.\\nIsaiah Windover, sec. 23, April 12, 1855.\\nManning Cooper, sec. 24, Oct. 14, 1854.\\nSamuel Decker, sec. 24, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nEber B. Ward, sec. 24, April 12, 1852.\\nSamuel Ward, sec. 24, April 12, 1852.\\nAsahel Disbrow, sec. 24, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nEdward Cad well, sec. 24, Oct. 11, 1854.\\nAlanson Bradford, sec. 25, Oct. 20, 1854.\\nBenoni Banson, sec. 25, Oct. 24, l854.\\nEberB. Ward, sec. 25, April 12, 1852.\\nSamuel Ward, sec. 25, April 12, 1852.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0706.jp2"}, "703": {"fulltext": "ALBEE TOWNSHIP. 717\\n.1. Davidson, sec. 27, March28, 1836. Willard Parker, sec. 31, Aug. 1, 1853\\nW. C. Albee, sec. 87, March 15, 1855.\\nA B. Whitehead, sec. 27, March 5, 1855.\\nAlex. D. Fraser, Bee. 27, April 1 1 1836.\\nJames Davidson, sec. 28, Mar.28, 1836.\\nWilliam 11 Craig, sec. 28, Mar. 23, 1854.\\nCarlton Rood, sec. 28, Dec. 4 1854.\\nJohn Gallagher, sec. 28, July 27, 1858.\\nA.ug 2, 1853, and Aug. 12, 1858.\\nAllen R. Rood sec. 29, Dec. 4, 1854.\\nPhilo Fairchild, see. 29, Oct.24, 1854.\\nJohn Gallagher, 3ec. 29, July 27, 1853.\\n\\\\V. W. Sickner, sec. 29, April 11, 1855\\nDaniel Morse, sec 30, Oct. 28, 1854,\\nAndrew Leach, sec. 30, Oct. 28, 1854.\\nAlonzo Carey, sec 31, ct 28,1854.\\nE II Taylor.sec. 31, Oct. Hi. 1854\\nWilliam Van SI yke, sec. 32, Bee. 7, 1854.\\nEgbert F. Guild, sec 32, Sept. 5, 1877.\\n.1. Davidson, sec. 38, March 28, 1836.\\nWilliam II Craig, sec. 33, May 22, 1854.\\nE W. Drum, sec. 33, Oct. 20, 1854.\\nA. s Whitehead, sec. 34, March 5, 1855.\\nA. D. Fraser, sec. 34, April 14, 183G.\\nDudley S. Reed, sec. 34. Oct. 26, 1854.\\nJ. Davidson, sec. 34,March 28, 1836.\\nAimer C. Johnson, sec. 35, Oct. 12, 1854.\\nSamuel Bolden, sec. 36, Oct. 20, 1854.\\nWilliam Gardner, sec 36, Oct. 20, 1854.\\nD. Houghton, sec. 36, .May 20, 1836.\\nJohn ATWelles, sec. 36, May 20, 1836.\\nII. G. Hubbard, sec. 36, May 20, 1831;.\\nFew of the early land buyers became permanent settlers in the\\ntownship. The resident owners purchased through a third party,\\nand in some instances through a twelfth owner. The time arrived,\\nhowever, when the cultivator of the soil became its proprietor, and\\nconferred the blessings of settlement upon the district.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nIn the following biographical notices much of the history of the\\ntownship is related. The subjects of these sketches aided materially\\nin raising it to its present prosperous condition:\\nWilliam C. Albee, the pioneer settler of Alb.ee tp., was born at\\nCollins, Erie Co., N. Y., in 1S33. In April, 1849, he moved to\\nVienna tp., Genesee Co., Mich., and on March 6, 1855, located in\\nwhat is now Albee tp., Saginaw Co. He was the first settler\\nin the township, and it was named in honor of him. Himself and\\nwife suffered many privations and hardships in their pioneer home,\\nand Mrs. Albee has gone a period of six months without seeing a\\nperson of her own sex. Mr. Albee located 160 acres of land on the\\n8. E. sec. 27. Their cabin was erected on a little spot of two\\nacres, which was cleared by him without the use of a team. Mr.\\nAlbee was a Republican in politics, and took a very active part in\\nraising men and money in support of the Union cause during the\\nwar of the great Rebellion. He also served the tp. as its\\nTreasurer for several years, and in other local offices.\\nHe was married to Miss Phoebe Toogood, daughter of Charles\\nand Sarah Ann Toogood, of Genesee, Genesee Co., Mich.\\nWin. C. Albee died on the 9th of March, 1878, of consumption,\\nleaving an estate of 320 acres to his wife and 2 children, who re-\\nside at the homestead on sec. 33.\\nHenry C. Chapel, farmer, sec. 33, was born at Dexter, Wash-\\ntenaw Co., Mich., in 1844. His parents were S. S. and Harriet L.\\nChapel, natives of New York, and of English descent. Mr. C.\\nlearned the tinsmith s trade, and followed it for eight years. He\\ncame to Albee tp. in 1878, and bought 120 acres of land, 15\\nof which are improved. He is Republican in politics, has been", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0707.jp2"}, "704": {"fulltext": "718 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSchool Superintendent one year, and School Director three years.\\nHe was married in Ingham Co., Mich., in 1868, to Frances E.\\nHicks, who was born in Ingham county in 1848. They have 2\\nchildren Clara M. and Daisy B.\\nOrville D. Chase, farmer, sec. 33, was born at Flint, Genesee Co.,\\nMich., June 3, 1852. His parents names were Calvin and\\nAmanda (Firzallen) Chase, the first a native of Vermont, and the\\nlatter of New York State. They settled in Michigan at an early\\nday. Calvin Chase now resides in Chesaning tp., this county.\\nHis wife is deceased and buried in the Chesaning cemetery. Or-\\nville D. Chase received the advantages of a common-school edu-\\ncation in Flint. He was married to Miss Alice Patterson, Dec.\\n22, 1873; they have 2 children living James Calvin and Charles\\nWilbur. Mr. C. now owns 20 acres on sec. 33, Albee tp. In\\npolitics he is a Democrat.\\nThomas S. Craig, farmer, sec. 31, was born in Mercer Co., Pa.,\\nin 1828. His parents were Thomas and Sarah (Simpson) Craig,\\nthe former of whom was a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of\\nIreland. Mr. Craig settled in Genesee Co., Mich., in 1S56, and in\\n18G1 located in Albee tp., Saginaw Co., where he purchased 64 acres\\nof land, 50 of which are now improved. Mr. Craig is the third\\nsettlermow living in Albee tp. He has been Tp. Treasurer five\\nyears, Supervisor one year, and School Director six years. He is\\nDemocratic in politics. Mr. C. was married to Ellen, daughter of\\nAlbert Gridley. They have 10 children The names of Mr. Craig s\\nchildren are--Geo. W\\\\, Wm. M., Charles H., Robert C, Etta M.,\\nThomas S., Flora Belle, Frank H., Albert II. and Roy C.\\nJames Darling This gentleman is one of Albee township s\\nmost substantial and enterprising citizens and farmers, as well as\\none of its pioneers. He was born in Livingston Co., N. Y., Dec.\\n6, 1820, and is a son of James P. and Susannah (Pierson) Darling.\\nWhen he was but two years of age his mother died, and at the\\ntender age of four years the motherless boy was given by his father\\nto Zadok Martin and wife, in whose family he remained until his\\n15th year. Mrs. Martin was a kind woman, and proved almost a\\nsecond mother to the orphan boy, but her husband and 5 children\\nproved themselves during all these years as tyrannical masters. He\\nwas obliged to work from his earliest years, and was given tasks that\\nit was unreasonable to expect so small a boy to perform, and when\\nfrom want of strength he failed in any of them, he was unmercifully\\npunished. At the above age, by the advice of Mrs. Martin, who\\nsympathized with him, he returned to live with his father, who had\\nmarried again and lived at Manchester, Ontario Co., N. Y., where\\nhe remained six months, and then hired out to a farmer for three\\nmonths at $4 per month. He continued to work in this way for\\ntwo years for different parties, never receiving over $S per month.\\nHe was now 17 years of age, and able to hoe his row with the\\nbest. He returned to Livingston Co., N. Y., and found employ-\\nment at $10 per month for the season. He remained in this county", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0708.jp2"}, "705": {"fulltext": "A.LBEE T0WN8HIP. 719\\nuntil the spring lie was 21 years of age, having attended school\\nthree months the preceding winter. This was the only schooling\\nMr. Darling ever received, except while living at Mr. Martin s; and\\nhe often said he learned more during those three months than ever\\nbefore.\\nIn 1842 he hired to A. C. Stevens (who was coming to Michigan)\\nto drive his team, Mr. S. also agreeing to pay his fare on the lakes\\nand $11 per month. The party started from Livingston Co., N. Y.,\\nabout the first of May, driving to Buffalo, N. Y., 65 miles, with a\\nteam. At this point they shipped team and all on board a lake\\nsteamer bound for Detroit, Mich., where they arrived May 6, 1842.\\nFrom Detroit they came to Flint, Mich., by team, a distance of 65\\nmiles. Mr. Darling remained in the employ of Mr. Stevens nine\\nmonths and a half. For some time afterward he worked at jobbing\\naround Flint, and then found employment with a Mr. Pierson. with\\nwhom he remained one year and a half.\\nHe then commenced teaming on his own account, and hauled the\\nfirst heavy load ever taken over the Saginaw and Flint plank road,\\nlie drove four horses, the wagon being loaded with 42 barrels of\\nflour, and loaded back to Flint with five tons of merchandise. He\\nfollowed teaming for 14 years, running a threshing-machine part of\\nthe time.\\nJan. 9, 184S, he was married to Miss Harriet Esther Reynolds,\\na daughter of Levi and Freelove Thompson) Reynolds, who were\\nboth natives of Chemung, Saratoga Co., JN Y. They were early\\nsettlers in Flint tp., where they cleared up a farm. They are both\\ndeceased, each being 68 ears of age when they died, though the\\nfather preceded the mother some 10 years. They are buried in\\nthe town of Richfield, Genesee Co., Mich.\\nJune 15, 1856, James Darling was elected Constable of the\\nSecond ward in the city of Flint, and served two years. He then\\ntook a farm in Mount Morris tp.. Genesee Co., consisting of 160\\nacres, the use of which he had for the improvements he made by\\nbreaking the wild land, etc., on this place. He remained three\\nyears, when he came to Saginaw county and bought 240 acres of\\nland on sees. 23 and 26, Albee tp., and commenced moving his\\ngoods and preparing a place for his family to live in. This was\\nabout the middle of November, 1861. The land was in a perfectly\\nwild state, heavily timbered with all kinds of hard wood, white-\\nwood and pine not a foot of it but what was shaded by forest trees.\\nThe ax of the white man had never invaded its quiet except for\\nhunting purposes. At the time above stated, Mr. Darling, with his\\neldest son, Harry R., took possession of the new farm. They had\\na team loaded with lumber, and arrived about four miles from his\\npresent residence about 5 o clock in the morning, and it took them\\nuntil 10 o clock p. m. to pass over that four miles, being obliged to\\ncut their way and make a road for the team to pass. They\\nimmediately cleared a small space on which they proceeded to erect\\na shanty to live in, and near by put up some log stables for stock.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0709.jp2"}, "706": {"fulltext": "720 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMr. Darling and son spent most of the winter on the place, prepar-\\ning for the family in the spring, while Mrs. Darling remained at\\nFlushing, where they lived, and took care of the stock and other\\nmatters, assisted by her next oldest son, James Franklin.\\nHaving prepared as well as he could, Mr. Darling moved his\\nfamily, wife and 8 children, to his home in the forest in March,\\n1862. This year he cleared off about six acres and put it in corn,\\nand has cleared off up to the present 130 acres of land, all of which\\nis the result of his own labor or directed to be done by him, as also\\nare all the improvements on the place. The homestead is one of\\nthe best farms, if not the very best in Albee tp. Mr. Darling has\\nsince added to his possessions, and at one time owned 640 acres,\\nbut has now 440, having given to his eldest son, Harry R., 160\\nacres, and 40 to his son Charles E. Besides his lands and stock\\nMr. D. is otherwise independently situated, having several thou-\\nsand dollars working for him day and night drawing from seven to\\nten per cent interest.\\nHe is now, at the age of 61 years, an active and vigorous man,\\nand is so situated that he may for the rest of his life enjoy a com-\\npetence so well and honestly earned. James Darling may truth-\\nfully be called a self-made man; having been thrown among\\nstrangers since infancy, with no help from any one, he has attained\\na position financially and socially second to none in his tp., though\\nhe attributes much of his success to the help afforded him by his\\ntrue and faithful wife, who has shared in all his labors and suffered\\nall his hardships equally with himself in building a home in the\\nwilderness. Mrs. Darling set fire to the first brush heap that was\\nburned in the clearing of their now beautiful farm, and lived at\\ntheir present residence 13 years before she saw a smoke from a\\nneighbor s chimney. She is a true pioneer woman, kind-hearted,\\nhospitable and generous.\\nJames Darling, in religious matters is a free-thinker, and\\nbelieves that the golden rule well followed is the best religion.\\nIn politics he is a Democrat, and he has served his township in\\nall its various local offices. On the organization of the tp. in\\n1863 he was appointed one of the Board of Inspectors of Election,\\nand was also elected its first Supervisor. This office he has held four\\nyears. He has been Tp. Clerk two years, Treasurer one year,\\nCommissioner of Highways three years, Justice of Peace four\\nyears, etc. He has held as many as four different offices at the\\nsame time.\\nMr. and Mrs. Darling have had a family of IS children, whose\\nnames are as follows: Harry R., who married Susan Bowerman\\nand lives on sec. 22, Albee tp. Susannah Jane, who married Cal-\\nvin O. Chase and lives with her husband in Chesaning tp. James\\nF., who lives at home; Harriet S., now the wife of Lewis Sutton\\nand living at Big Rapids, Mich.; Charles E., who married Mary\\nGuiney and lives in Albee tp. Wm. P., who is now at St. Helen s,\\nRoscommon Co., Mich., learning telegraphy; Helen E., who", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0710.jp2"}, "707": {"fulltext": "AUBEE TOWNSHIP. 721\\ndied Jan. 21, l s \u00c2\u00bb5; Geo. W., who died Jan. 17. L865; Julia A.\\nE., who died Jan. 24, 1865; Andrew and Lillie B., now living at\\nhome; Henry II.. who died April 19, 1867; Alice M., Julia G.,\\nFred. II.. Lewis Rosa M., and Yiletta A., are all living at\\nthe homestead. The names of the children are given in order of\\ntheir birth.\\nIn the foregoing we have traced in a condensed form, step by\\nstep, from earliest childhood the career of this honored pioneer ot\\nAlbee tp., as an example of the difficulties and labors which not\\nonly he and his wife, but other pioneers, experienced in their\\nefforts to clear a farm and build up a home for themselves and\\nfamilies in a trackless wilderness. We give the portraits of James\\nand Harriet E. Darling on pages 712 and 713.\\nJames A. Gould, farmer, sec. 34, was born in Oneida Co., N Y.,\\nAug. 15, 1825. His parents were Othniel and Abiah Gould, the\\nformer a native of Syracuse, N. Y., and the latter of Vermont.\\nMr. G. went to Port fjuron, Mich., with his parents, in 1836, and\\ncame to Albee tp. in 1860, purchasing 160 acres of land. He was\\nTownship Clerk seven years. He was married at Almont, La-\\npeer Co., Mich., Sept. 4, 1852, to Lydia E. Parker (a daughter of\\nEliada and Elizabeth Parker, natives of Connecticut), born Nov.\\n9, 1834, at Lexington, Greene Co., N. Y. Of the 7 children given\\nthem, 4 are living Charles H., Willis J., Elmer O., and Fred. H.\\nMr. Gould and wife are members of the M. E. Church. Mr. G. is\\na Republican in politics. He owns 160 acres of land.\\nAlexander C. Kid d, son of William and Christa (Robertson)\\nKidd, was born at Petersboro, Canada, Sept. 22, 1834. His father\\nwas born at Bathgate, Scotland, in 1808, and his mother at Perth,\\nPerthshire, Scotland, March 28, 1811. By occupation he is a\\nblacksmith, having worked at that trade for 30 years. He was\\nmarried while living in Cavan tp., Durham Co., Canada, March\\n3, 1853, to Isabella, daughter of Alexander and Mary Robertson,\\nwho was born in Cavan tp., Dec. 20, 1828. Of their 7 children, 5\\nare living, 3 born in Canada, the remainder in Albee tp.,\\nWilliam T., born Dec. 30, 1853; Mary M., born Aug. 2 I, 1S55;\\nJohn Alexander, born March 30, 1858; Eveline N. and Caroline\\n(deceased born May 3, 1868; Thomas J., born Aug. 15, 1870;\\nJane A., was born in Canada, Sept. 25, 1860, and died Dec. 15, 1863.\\nM is. Kidd died in Albee tp., April 5. 1876. Mr. Kidd came to Albee\\ntp. in January, 1868. He has been Justice of the Peace two terms,\\nSchool Director three years, and Highway Commissioner two\\nyears. Mr. Kidd is a member of the Disciples of Christ Church,\\nas was also his wife.\\nIsaac Savage. This pioneer and prominent citizen of Albee tp.\\nwas born in Genesee Co., N. Y., Aug. 11, 1830, and is a son of Win.\\nand Urania (Sprague) Savage. The subject of this sketch was\\nmarried at Buffalo, N. Y., in 1849, to Hannah Warden. In 1849\\nthey came to Michigan and settled in Livingston county. In 1859\\nhe, with his family, moved to Saginaw county and located in Albeo", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0711.jp2"}, "708": {"fulltext": "722 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ntp., on sec. 15, where he took up a homestead of 40 acres, and has\\nsince purchased 160 acres more, so that now his lands consist of 200\\nacres. When he came to this place it was an unbroken forest,\\nwhile now 100 acres are improved mostly the result of his own\\nlabor. Mr. Savage is a Republican in politics, and has served his\\ntp. in many offices of trust and honor, among which are Su-\\npervisor one year, Commissioner of Highways two years, School\\nDirector 18 years, Justice of the Peace for several years, and\\nTreasurer of the tp. for two terms. He is now holding the\\nlast two offices. Mr. and Mrs. Savage have had a family of 8 chil-\\ndren, 6 of whom are living, named as follows: Caroline L., William,\\nAmanda A., Adelbert, Hiram A. and Sydney E. Mr. Savage re-\\nsides on sec. 15, Albee tp. His portrait is given on page 275.\\nJohn iV. Slocum, farmer, sec. 28, was born in Herkimer Co.,\\nN. Y., in 1841. His parents are John and Margaret Slocum, the\\nformer a native of New York, of English descent, and the latter\\nof Scotland, of Irish descent. At East Otto,. Cattaraugus Co., N.\\nY., in 1861 Mr. Slocum enlisted in Co. C, 64th Reg. N. Y. Vol.\\nInf. and served over one year in his country s service. He was\\ndischarged at Newark, N. J., in December, 1862. In 1876 he\\nmarried Carrie E., daughter of James II. and Jeanette Orr, natives of\\nErie Co., N. Y. Mr. Slocum was at the siege of Richmond, at\\nthe battle ot Fair Oaks, and his regiment covered the retreat to\\nHarrison s Landing. Mr. Slocum has been Supervisor of Albee\\ntp. three years, and Commissioner of Highways one year.\\nHenry H. Stuart, farmer on sec. 27, was born in Tyrone tp., Liv-\\ningston Co., Mich., in 1845, and is a son of Thomas and Susan Stuart.\\nHis first occupation was farming, but he also worked as an engineer\\nfor some time, and in 1880 bought and fitted up a large saw and\\nshingle mill in Albee township, which he has since operated. He\\nowns 80 acres of land, on which is erected a substantial dwelling.\\nOn Aug. 24, 1863, Mr. S. enlisted in Co. B, 10th Mich. Cav\u00e2\u0080\u009e Capt.\\nS. T. Bryan, as a private, and was dischared at Memphis, Tenn.,\\nNov. 11, 1865, with the rank of Colonel. He is a Republican, was\\nTown Commissioner two years, and Assessor nine years. In 1869\\nhe married Lucy Byerla, a native of New York, and of German\\ndescent. They have 1 child, Alice.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0712.jp2"}, "709": {"fulltext": "BIRCH RUN TOWNSHIP\\noccupies the southeastern angle of the county. It forms a rich\\nagricultural district, and is inhabited by a thrifty, intelligent peo-\\nple. The Flint Pere Marquette railroad runs through its\\nsouthwestern sections, with a depot at the village of Birch Run.\\nThe creek, after which the township is named, waters the central\\nsections. The north feeder rises in section 14, on the farm of E. L.\\nParker; the south branch, or main feeder, in the center of sec. 25.\\nThe head waters of Silver creek flow in three streams through\\nthe southwestern sections; while Dead creek waters the northeast-\\nern portion of the town. There are a few marshes to be found.\\nThe water and salt springs are numerous. The salt well bored\\nsome years ago in section 21, produces some of the purest brine\\nfound in the State. The mineral resources of the county are left\\nundeveloped.\\nToward the close of 1*53 a meeting of the settlers of the dis-\\ntrict now known as the township of Birch Run, decided to apply to\\nthe County Board for the organization of No. 10 north, of range\\nNo. 6 east. This application was made by 19 freeholders,\\nand was considered by the supervisors in session, Feb. 9, 1853.\\nThe Board resolved That the territory as described be, and the\\nsame is hereby, duly organized into a township, to be known and\\ndesignated by the name of Birch Run, which said township is de-\\nscribed as being within the limits and under the jurisdiction of the\\ncounty of Saginaw and the State of Michigan; and be it further\\nresolved, That the first annual meeting for the election of township\\nofficers for the further organization of said township, be held at\\nthe house of Proctor Williams, situate in said township of Birch\\nRun, on the first Monday in April next, and that the following\\nnamed persons, to wit: Lyman Webster, Beverly M. Brown and\\nProctor Williams, being three electors of said township, be and they\\nare duly designated and appointed to preside at said township\\nmeeting, and to perform all the duties required by the statute.\\nThe first township meeting was held at the house of Proctor\\nWilliams, the first Monday of April, 1853, when the following in-\\nspectors declared the polls open: Beverly M. Brown, Moderator;\\nCalvin SilvernaQ, Clerk; Lyman Webster and Proctor Williams.\\nThe result of the balloting was as follows:\\nI or Supervisor, Joseph Matheson. 18; Proctor Williams, 17. For\\nClerk, Calvin Silvernail, 21; Elisha Marvin, 14. For Treasurer,\\nHiram M. Brown, 19; Elisha Marvin, 16. For Justices, Beverly M.\\nBrown, 35; Proctor Williams. 23; Lyman Webster, 34; Erastus\\nHammond, 18; R. H. Little, 16; Jacob W. Sims, 7. For Com-\\nmissioner of Highways, Beverly M. Brown, 19; Jacob W. Sims,\\n(723)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0713.jp2"}, "710": {"fulltext": "724\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n19; Elijah O. Williams, 17; Thomas Robins, l o; James Trumble,\\n16; Elisha Marvin, 16. For School Inspectors, Lyman Webster, 19;\\nHiram M. Brown, 19; Myron L. Root, 16; Joseph Mattheson, 16;\\nFor Overseer of Poor, Andrew Chappell, 18; Tyler Parkhurst,\\n18. For Constables, Geo. Brown, 35; J. W. Sims, 20; Thomas\\nRobins, 19; Abner Curtis, 19; Andrew Chappell, 16; Elijah O.\\nWilliams, 6; Leander McDonald, 16.\\nIn addition to these officers the following were elected to fill\\nthe minor township positions; Michael Reardon, Commissioner of\\nHighways; Jerome D. Embury, Superintendent of Schools; Orrin\\nCornell. School Inspector; John Wilson, Eliakim Morse, Oliver\\nSmith and Hezekiah Cooper, Constables; Lucius Bell, Deputy\\nClerk.\\nThe following is a list of the principal officers of the township\\nsince 1853:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nJoseph Matheson 1853- 4\\nDavid Sproul 1855\\nJ. V. Horton .1856\\nTheo. F. Smith 1857- 8\\nAlfred Williams 1859\\nPreserved H. Warren 1860\\nJoseph Matheson 18l\\nDavid Sproul 1863- 5\\nJohn Dobson 1 866^7\\nHarvey J. Loomis 1868- 9\\nJohn Dobson 1870\\nOrville A. Kent 1871\\nJohn Dobson 1872\\nLouis P. Racine l873- 4\\nChester A. Branard 1875- 8\\nAllen R. Brown 1879\\nEnoch Smith 18S0- l\\nCLERKS.\\nCalvin Silvernail 1853\\nElisha Marvin 1854- 5\\nChester C. McLean 1856\\nJames Trumble 1857- 65\\nThomas S. Marr 1866\\nJames Trumble 1867- 70\\nWarren Campbell 1871\\nAlfred Holmes 1872\\nAaron C. Edwards 1873\\nWarren Campbell 1874\\nHenrvD. Miller 1875- 6\\nTalbot Slenon 1877\\nWarren Campbell 1878\\nLeonard B. Arger l879- 80\\nMiddleton S Beach 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nHiram M. Brown 1853\\nDewitt C, Chappell 1854- 5\\nEmory Norris 1856\\nJames Marr 1857\\nP.H. Warien 1858\\nIsaac Tottan 1859\\nHarvey J Loomis 1860\\nDuaneOsborn 1801- 2\\n.lames C. Marr 1863\\nIsaac Tottan 1864\\nJames C. Marr 1865- 9\\nC. P. Douglass 1870\\nEnoch Smith 1871- 2\\nWilliam J. Herron 1873- 4\\nEnoch Smith l875- 6\\nAllen R. Brown 1877- 8\\nIsaac Tottan 1879- 80\\nOscar E. Utley .....1881", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0714.jp2"}, "711": {"fulltext": "BIRCH RUN TOWNS I IIP.\\n725\\nJUSTICKS OF TIIK PEACE.\\nBeverly M. Brown, Proctor Will-\\niam-, Lyman Webster, Erastus\\nHammond 1853\\nElisha Marvin 1854- 5\\nProctor Williams 1856\\nred II. Warren 1857\\nChapman Williams 1858\\nDavid Sproul 1859\\nProctor Williams I860\\nRobert Colville, John Marr 1861\\nErastUS Hammond 1862\\nHenry Perry 1st;:;\\nJohn Dobson. 18154\\nSmith, Nathan Bears 1865\\nWin. Wheeler, Thos. Campbell.. 1866\\nRobert Campbell 1867\\nWilliam J. Herron 1868\\nOliver Smith 1869\\nA. D.Rundlet 1870\\nDavid Sproul 1871\\nOrville A. Kent 1X72\\nDavid Sproul 1873\\nAlfred D. Rundlet, David Devoe.1874\\nDavid Sproul 1875\\nGarrett B. Gray 1S7G\\nV.B. Rottiers 1X77\\nLucius Bell 1878\\nT. L. Runnels 1879\\nAlfred Holmes 1 880\\nV. B. Rottiers 1881\\nFIEST LAND-BUYERS.\\nThe purchasers of the United States land in this township are\\nenumerated as follows:\\nDaniel H. Haynes, sec. 1, Jan. 23,1851.\\nRebecca Burhans, see. 1, Dec. 4, 1852.\\nJ. G. Hunter, sec. 1, Feb. 17, 1854.\\nSarah Hunter, .sec. 1, Jan. 1854.\\nJoseph Sergeant, sec. 1, July 18, 1854.\\ns. A. Godard, sees, l 2, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nSamuel teach, sec. 2, March 6, 1854.\\nOthill Bliven, sec 2, Nov. 9, 1854!\\nE. Hammond, sec. 2, March 23, 1854.\\nJohn Curry, sec. 2, Feb. 10, 1855.\\nDaniel Hammond, sec. Nov. 4, 1854.\\nAlex. Bombard, sec. 3, Dec. 16, 1854.\\nJohn G. Hubinger, sec. 3, Nov. 22, 1853.\\nGeorge Pollod, sec. 3, Nov. 22. 1853.\\nLeveritt Hodgman, sec.3. April 19,1853.\\nLansing L*evis, sec. 3, Nov. 10, 1854.\\nVolney Chapin,sec. 3, Jan. 0, 1854.\\nWilliam Bevins, sec. 3. Nov. 10, 1854.\\nRichard Hall, sec. 3, Nov. 10, 1854.\\nJohn G. Hubinger, sec. 4, Aug. 6, 1851.\\nJohn Wooding, sec. 4, Jan. 23, 1854.\\n1. Hodgman, sec 4. April 19,1853.\\nP. rConnor, sec. 4, March 10. 1855-\\nI). A. Pettibone, sec. 4, Feb. 15, 1854.\\nJohn Smith, sec. I, Jan. 6, 1855.\\nJohn Wooding, sec 4, May is. 1854.\\nNicholas Pouch, sec 5, Aug 24 1836.\\nJohn G.Gebhard, sec. 5, Aug. 24 1*86.\\nDavid Diet/., sec. 5, Aug. 24, 1836.\\nJabez W. Troop, sec. 5, Sept. 16. 1836.\\nDavid Sproul. sec. 5, Nov 10, 1854.\\nChas. II Carroll, sec. 5, .June 28, 1836.\\nWin. T.Carroll, sec. 5, June 28, 1836.\\nNicholas Bouck, sec. 6, Aug. 25, 1836.\\nJohn G. Gehhard, sec 6, Aug. 25, 1836.\\nDavid Diet/, sec. i Aug. 25, 1836.\\nChas. II. Carroll, sec 6. June 28, 1836.\\nWin. T. Carroll, sec. 6, June 28. 1836.\\nT. L. L. Brent, sec 6, April 11. L836\\nJerome B.Garland, sec. 6, Nov. 8, 1854.\\nT. L. L. Brent, sec. 7, April 11, 183G.\\nJohn Adams, sec. 7, Nov. 8, 1854.\\nJ. J. Charruand, sec 7, June 25, 1836.\\nFrederick Baell, sec. 7, June 25, 1836.\\nEnoch Smith, sec. 8, March 10, 1854.\\nA. Letterman, sec. 8, Oct. 24, 1853.\\nJohn M. Chandler, sec. 8, Jan. 22, 1855\\nChas. H. Carroll, sec. 8. June 28, 1836.\\nWin. T. Carroll, sec. 8, June 28, 18:*G.\\nJacob Messenger, sec. 8, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nCharles A. Mitts, sec 8, Jan. 16, 1855.\\nGideon Lee, sec. 8, May 3, 1836.\\nJ. B. Garland, sec. 8, March 30, 1836.\\nThomas Redson. sec. 9, Nov. 11, 1S54.\\nJohn Wooding, sec 9, Nov. 7, 1854.\\nJohn Curry, sec. 10, May 10, and April\\n8, 1854.\\nC. B. Holinshed, sec 10, Dec. 11, 1854.\\nIsaac Lincoln, sec 10, May 15, 1854.\\nSilas S. Lee, sec. 10, Dec. 12, 1854.\\nJohn Wooding, sec 10, March 14 1855.\\nVolnev Chapin, sec 11, Nov. 3, 1851.\\nGeorge M. Dean, sec 11, Nov. 14, 1853.\\nHenry B. Dean, sec. 11. Nov. 14, 1853.\\nGuy Shaw, sec. 11, Jan. 9, 1855.\\nEbenezer Williams sec 12, May 9,1854.\\nWin. Johnson sec. 12, May 20, 1853.\\nVolnev Chapin, sec 12, Nov. 3. 1851.\\nJulia Noiris, sec 13, Nov. 16, 1853.\\nJonathan Cudney, sec 13, Nov. 10. 1S54.\\nHerman Camp, sec 13, Dec. 5, 1853.\\nHo/el Brooks, sec 13, Jan. 16, 1855.\\nHerman Cam]), sec. 13, Nov. 17, 1X53.\\nJohn Diamond, sec. 14, Jan. 16. 1855.\\nJames P\u00c2\u00bb cklev, sec. 14, Nov. 11, 1X54.\\nProctor Williams, sec. 14. Dec 12. 1854.\\nNathan Beers, sec 15, Dec. 15, 1854.\\nNels\u00c2\u00abn Doud, sec 15, Nov. 9, 1854.\\nGeorge M. Dean, sec 15, Nov. 10. 1854.\\nMoses Pv. Norris, sec. 15, Nov. 11, 1854.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0715.jp2"}, "712": {"fulltext": "726\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY,\\nWilliiim Boots, sec. 15, Sept, 3, 1853.\\nGideon Lee, sec. 17, May 3, 1836.\\nChas. H. Carroll, sec. 17, June 28, 1836.\\nWm. T. Carroll, sec. 17, June 28, 1836.\\nWm. Mood, sec. 17, March 28 29, 1836.\\nAshel Aylswonh, sec. 17, Oct. 14, 1836.\\nHorace Gilpin, jr., sec. 18, Feb. 11, 1837.\\nJ. J. Charruand, sec. 18, June 25, 1836.\\nFrederick Baell, sec. 18, June 25, 1836.\\nWilliam Clark, sec. 18, Feb 28, 1851.\\nW. H B. Jaillet, sec. 18, March 3, 1851.\\nNorman Little, sec. 18, March 3, 1851.\\nPeter Gaskin, sec. 19, Feb. 28, 1851.\\nN. C. Hayward, sec. 19, Sept. 13, 1836.\\nMiclnel Jordon, sec. 19, Feb 28, 1851.\\nJohn Donigan, sec. 19, March 3, 1851.\\nNorman Little, sec, 19, March 3, 1851.\\nGeoro-e C. Moon, sec. 20, March 29, 1836.\\nWilliam Moon, sec. 20, March 29, 1836.\\nChas. II. Carroll, tec 20, Jan. 28, 1836.\\nWm. T. Carroll, sec 20, Jan. 28, 1836.\\nNathan Phillips, sec. 20, Nov. 14, 1836.\\nElias Colborn, sec. 20, Nov. 14, 1836.\\nEdwin Jerome, sec. 20, May 18, 1836.\\nEzra Saunders, sec. 20, Feb. 28, 1851.\\nMiriam S. Newell, sec. 21, Dec. 9, 1850.\\nAnsou Jackson, sec. 21, June 16, 1853\\nChas. II. Carroll, sec. 21, June 28, 1836.\\nWm. T. Carroll, sec 21, June 28, 1836\\nGideon Lee, sec 21, March 3, 1836.\\nGeorge C. Moon, sec 21, March 29, 1836.\\nEmory Norris, sec 22, Nov. 10, 1854\\nGiles Bishop, sec. 22, May 6, 1854.\\nDavid VI. Brown, sec. 22, Sept. 3, 1853.\\nHarriet B. Martin, sec. 22, June 16, 1853.\\nDaniel D. Dewey, sec. 23, Oct. 18, 1854\\nMayor Camp, sec 23, Dec. 28, 1853.\\nJames C. Decker, sec. 23, Feb. 8, 1855.\\nPhilip Silvernail, sec. 23, May 1U, 1854.\\nJarev E. Day, sec. 23, Nov. 16, 1854.\\nJames B. Mitts, sec. 24, Jan. 8, 1855.\\nHerman Camp, sec. 24, Dec. 5, 1853.\\nJeffrev Silvernail, sec. 24, Nov. 11,1854\\nGarden Kent, sec. 24, Oct. 12, 1853.\\nWilliam Simpson, sec. 25, Nov. in, 1854.\\nJames Wadsworth, sec. 26, July 5, 1836.\\nCharles N. Beecher, sec 27, Oct. 9, 1854.\\nEdward F. Lacy, sec 27, Dec. 16, 1853.\\nCaleb H. Wirts, sec. 27, June 25, 1836.\\nC. C. McLean, sec. 27, Oct. 28, 1853.\\nJacob W. Sims, sec 27, Dec. 7, 1853.\\nCharles Pratt, sec. 27, Sept. 26, 1836.\\nJ. J. Charruand, sec 27, June 25, 1836.\\nFrederick Baell, sec. 27, June 25, 1836.\\nT. L. L. Brent, sec 28, April 11, 1836.\\nPeter F. Ewer, sec 28, July 13, 1836.\\nRobert Smart, sec 28, March 1, 1836.\\nD. G. Hanim r, s c 28, April 25, 1836.\\nNathan Phillips, sec. 28, Nov. 14, 1836.\\nElias Colborn, sec. 28, Nov. 14, 1836.\\nM. Wadhams, sec. 2!), March 21, 1837.\\nEliakim Morse, sec. 29, April 27, 1853.\\nEzraB. Sparks, sec. 29 Nov. 10, 1854.\\nPeter Line s heirs, sec. 29, Aug. 8, 1854.\\nOliver Atherton, sec. 29, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nJacob Fremper, sec. 30, June 15, 1854.\\nClark Briggs, sec 30, Jan. 9, 1855\\nThomas Taursby, sec 3 J, Nov. 10, 1854.\\nWm. Bingham, sec. 30, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nElias J. Bump, sec, 30, Dec. 12, 1853.\\nKoyal Morse, sec. 31, Nov. 1, 1853.\\nSyivan Comford, sec 31, April 10, 1854.\\nJohn J. Davis, sec. 31, Nov. 10, 1853.\\nHerman Camp, sec. 31, Dec. 8, 1853.\\nJohn Truesdell, sec. 32, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nBenj Pearson, sec. 32, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nRowley Morris, sec. 32, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nChas. P. Holmes, sec. 33, April 28, 1836.\\nGideon Lee, sec. 33, May 3. 1836.\\nPeter F. Ewer, sec. 8% July 14, 1836.\\nPhil. Truesdell, sec. 33, Aug 26, 1836.\\nII. E. Dibble, sec 33, June 25, 1836.\\nChas H. Carroll, sec. 33, June 28, 1836.\\nWm. T. Carroll, sec 33, June 28, 1836.\\nRowley Morris, sec 33, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nChris. Like, jr., sec. 34, Sepi. 26, 1836.\\nChas. H. Carrol], sec. 34, June 28, 1836.\\nWm. T. Carrol], sec. 34, June 28, 1836.\\nRobert Smart, sec. 34, March 1, 1836.\\nR. Blackmer, sec. 34, Sept. 24, 1836.\\nWm. Richardson, sec 34, Sept. 24, 1836.\\nDavid Smart, sec. 34, March 1, 1836.\\nGeorge Call, sec 35, Sept. 26, 1836.\\nM. Wadhams, sec. 35, March 21, 1837.\\nF. McDonald, sec. 35, Sept 26, 1836.\\nR, Blackmer, sec. 35, Sept. 24, 1836.\\nJohn Rathbun, sec. 36, Dec 31, 1853.\\nM. Wadhams, sec. 36, March 21, 1837.\\nFew of those patentees bscame permanent settlers. The present\\noccupying proprietors purchased their lands from them, and there-\\nfore claim all the credit for bringing this portion of the county into\\nits present high state of cultivation.\\nTHE SCHOOLS.\\nThere are eight districts in the township, each possessing a sub-\\nstantial frame school-building, which with other school property are\\nvalued at $5,300. Not one of the schools is graded. The number\\nof children enrolled is 459, of which number 371 were reported as", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0716.jp2"}, "713": {"fulltext": "BIRCH RUN TOWNSHIP. 72 7\\nregular attendants. The total expenditures for the year ending\\n1880 were $2,884.66. The amount derivable from primary school\\nfund was $191.04; the sum of district taxes, $1,766.90; the amount\\nof. the two-mill tax was $169.59; from other sources, $187.32. The\\ntotal indebtedness of the districts is $785. The number of\\nteachers employed in 1880 was 14, of whom six were males.\\nThere is only one tavern in the township, viz.: that of Davhl\\nSpronl, on section 1 7.\\nTHE VILLAGE OF BIRCH RUN\\ncontains four grocery stores, operated by Messrs. Beach\\nFinch, M. J. Collom, L. P. Racine, and C. M. Bock. The latter\\nlias a shoemakers shop in connection with the store. The railroad\\nruns through this village. The present station agent is Alfred W.\\nMdvee. The hotel kept by Mr. Finch has been in operation for\\na number of years. The population of the village is about 75.\\nThe first Baptist church was built in 1872. It is a neat frame\\nstructure. The society of this church is large and influential.\\nUnder the pastorate of Rev. Mr. Niles, it continues to make great\\nadvances. The temperance workers of the town are energetic and\\nable in the advocacy of the sacred cause.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nThe rest of the history of Birch Run township can be better told\\nin the form of brief personal sketches of its principal citizens, many\\nof whom are the pioneers that opened the settlements here and\\nmaterially helped to make this community what it is to-day.\\nJohn Armstrong, farmer, sec. 17; P. O., Birch Run; was born\\nin England, in 1808, and is a son of John and Dorothy Armstrong.\\nIn 1841 he came to America, landing in Quebec; 1849 landed in\\nEast Saginaw. In 1852 came to this tp. has served one term as\\nHighway Commissioner. He was married in England, in 1833, to\\nRuth Hutton, who was born in 1810. Five children were born to\\nthem, 4 of whom are living James, Elizabeth, wife of Simon\\nBharrow, Hannah, wife of Benjamin Bauker, and David. Ruth is\\ndeceased. Mrs. Armstrong died in 1841. Mr. A. is a member of\\nthe Episcopal Church and is a Republican. He owns 117 acres of\\nland.\\nClark Brlggs, farmer, sec. 30, was born in New York, Jan. 8,\\nL808, and is a son of Thomas and Hannah Briggs, both natives of\\nNew York. Clark was raised on a farm, and has pursued the vo-\\ncation of a farmer through life. In 1854 he came to Saginaw\\ncounty with only 10 shillings in his pocket, and at present he owns\\nL66 acres of good land, and is comfortably situated in life. lie\\nwas married in 1838 to Phoebe Pierce, who was born in New York\\nin 1812. Of their children only 3 survive Phoebe, wife of Peter\\nBaldwin; Eunice, wife of Nelson Morse, and James. Two sons,\\nClark and Francis, lost their lives during the civil war.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0717.jp2"}, "714": {"fulltext": "728 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAllen C. Close, farmer, sec. 32, was born in Ireland in 1809.\\nHe came to America in 1835, and to Michigan in 1863. He was\\nmarried in Ireland to Catherine Doane, who was born in the\\nEmerald Isle 1 in 1809. They have 3 children Daniel, Alice,\\nwile of John Dewey, and William. Mr. Close is a member of the\\nRoman Catholic Church.\\nMarl in J. Colin, general merchandise, Birch Run Station, was\\nborn in Jefferson Co., N. Y., May 10, 1837. His parents are\\nXavier and Julia (Hory) Colin, natives of France. Marlin was\\nreared on a farm, and when of age went to sea, remaining on the\\nwaters fur 10 or 12 years. He then came to this county and\\nentered the general mercantile trade with L. P. Racine. He has been\\npostmaster of Birch Run Station since July 19, 1S75. He is con-\\nnected with the Masonic and I. O. G. T. (being W. C. T.) societies,\\nand a member of the M, E. Church and Republican party. He\\nwas married in New York to Phoebe M. Johnson, a native of the\\nEmpire State. They have 3 children Albert J., Louis and Ed-\\nmond D.\\nG. W. Coon, farmer, sec. 29; P. O., Birch Run; was born in New\\nYork, May 9, 1815. His parents were George and Nancy Coon,\\nthe former a native of Rhode Island, and the latter of Vermont.\\nG. W. was married May 25, 1840, to Eliza A. Cotter, who was born in\\nJefferson Co., N. Y., Feb. 4, 1820, and was a daughter of John\\nand Lucy (Wilson) Cotter, natives of Vermont. One child was\\nborn to this union, Victoria L. Mrs. Coon died in 1873, and at\\nFlint, Mich., in 1878, Mr. C. married Lucinda Carr, who was born\\nin Canada, May 25, 1834, and is a daughter of Moses and Elizabeth\\nCarr, the former a native of New Hampshire, and the latter of\\nConnecticut. Mr. Coon is a Mason, and has been Township As-\\nsessor in the State of New York.\\nTruman Curtis, farmer, sec. 26; P. 0. T Pine Grove; was born in\\nNew York, March 4, 1804; parents were Jeremiah and Mary Curtis,\\nnatives of Massachusetts, and of English descent; father died when\\nsubject was small, and he was bound out to work for a Presbyterian;\\nwas severely whipped for attending a Methodist meeting, and ran\\naway from his master; he has been a farmer through life, with\\nexception of a few years at cabinet and chair making; was Justice\\nof the Peace three years; has been Highway Commissioner and\\nSchool Director, and is connected with I. O. O. F.; was married\\nOct. 20, 1823, to Sophronia Gillett, who was born in Cortland Co.,\\nN. Y., in 1805; of 7 children given them, 5 are living Silva A.,\\nwife of Jonathan Smith, of New York; Lauren, James, Sophia and\\nEmmett. His wife died in 1849. He was married again in Ohio to\\nBarbara Ferguson, who was born in Lake Co., O., April 5, 1824.\\nThey have 6 children George, Josephine, Charles, Albert, Ella and\\nJohn M.; subject and wife are members of the M. E. Church, and\\nwell-respected citizens of Birch Run tp.\\nSamuel Dexter, farmer, sec. 19, was born in New York, Jan. 17,\\n1816, and is a son of Samuel and Mary Dexter, both natives of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0718.jp2"}, "715": {"fulltext": "BIRCH RUN TOWNSHIP. 729\\nMassachusetts. Mr. Dexter came to Saginaw county in 1863, and\\nnow owns 43 acres of good farm land. He is a man thoroughly\\nposted on ecclesiastical matters, having formerly been a minister of\\nthe gospel. He was married in 1841 to Mary Coon, who was born\\nOct. 31, 1819, and is a daughter of George and Nancy (Butten)\\nCoon, her father of Rhode Island, her mother of the State of New\\nYork. Five children have been given them, 2 of whom are living\\nGeorge S., Edna E.. wife of John Bellinger. The deceased are\\nSarah J., Ella and Nancy M.\\nMorgan Dodge, farmer, sec. 28, was born in Jefferson Co.,\\nN. Y., Sept. 24. 1821, and is a son of Obed and Betsey (Merrill)\\nDodge, the former a native of New Jersey, of English descent, and\\nthe latter a native of Vermont, of French ancestry. Mr. Dodge\\nlearned the ship-carpenter s trade in 1839, and worked at it for 17\\nyears, lie was also engaged in the lumber business, and was fore-\\nman of a large ship-yard for several years. He came to Saginaw\\ncounty in 1877, and since then has tilled several township offices.\\nHe owns 80 acres of farm land. Mr. Dodge was married in Jeffer-\\nson Co.. N. Y., in August, 1849, to Maria, daughter of Carlton and\\nPruda Parker, who was born in Canada West in 1830. They have\\n3 children Carlton, born in 1854; Edward, born in 1862, and\\nGeorge, born in 1864.\\nA. C. Edwards, farmer, sec. 29, was born in Steuben Co., N. Y.,\\nNov. 23, 1839, and is a son of Pierpont and Lucinda (Williams)\\nEdwards, the former of whom died while on a visit to tins county\\nin 1879. The latter is still living, and resides with the subject of\\nthis sketch. Mr. Edwards was married in New Y r ork, in 1863, to\\nFlora, daughter of Richard and Mary Near. Mrs. Edwards was\\nborn in Jefferson Co., N. Y 7 in 1841. They have 1 child, May,\\nborn Sept. 12, 1870. Mr. Edwards is connected with the I. O. O. F.,\\nthe Baptist Church, and the Republican party. He owns 80 acres\\nof land. P. O., Birch Run.\\nWilliam H. Ferguson, farmer, sec. 28, was born in New York\\nOct. 15, 1844. His parents were Jeremiah G. and Sallie J. (Honey-\\nstead) Ferguson, natives of New Y ork. The latter is still living,\\nand resides with her son. In 1861 William H. enlisted in Co. E,\\n33d N. Y. Light Artillery, serving three years in the service of the\\nUnion. He is a member of the Greenback party: owns 40\\nacres of land. He was married in 1S65 to Mary A. King, who was\\nborn in England in 1814. They have 5 children Louisa, William,\\nJohn, George and Lucinda.\\nReynear Hoaglavd, fanner, sec. 21 P. O., Birch Run was born\\nin New Jersey June 23, 1847; parents are Elias and Maria Hoag-\\nland, natives of New Jersey; subject of this sketch came to Saginaw\\ncounty in 1869; was in the construction corps of the Union\\narmy 18 months, during the civil war; is Democratic in politics;\\nwas married in Genesee Co., Mich., in 1871, to Mary Shay, who\\nwas born in Lenawee county in 1847; they have 1 child Lizzie,\\nborn Sept. 2, 1871; subject owns SO acres of land.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0719.jp2"}, "716": {"fulltext": "730 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nHon. Alfred Holmes, retire 1 fanner, was born in Saratoga Co.,\\nN. Y., March 22, 1805, and is a son of Caleb and Eunice Holme,\\nnatives of Connecticut. Mr. Holmes lived on alarm until 16 years\\nof age, when he learned the blacksmith s and carpenter s trades. He\\ncame to Michigan in 1837, first locating in Livingston county, and\\nin 1843 in Saginaw count} He is Democratic in politics, and\\nin 1848 was elected to represent this district in the Michigan Legis-\\nlature. Since then he has tilled various tp. offices, and has given gen-\\neral satisfaction. He was married in New York, in 1830, to Elmira\\nHillier, who was born in New York in 1805. Of the 2 children born\\nto this marriage, 1 survives Ada A. Mrs. Holmes died in 1836,\\nand in 1865 Mr. H. was joined in marriage to Mrs. Jane Davis,\\nwho was born in New York in 1830. They have 1 child Edith,\\nborn in October, 1870. Mrs. Holmes has 4 children by a former\\nmarriage Erma A., wife of Tabor Davis; Anna E., wife of Cy-\\nrenius Finch; Nora, wife of M. S. Beach, and Allie. Mr. Holmes\\nportrait is given in this volume. See page 239.\\nOrville A. Kent, farmer, sec. 36; P. O., Arbela, Tuscola Co.,\\nMich. was born in Portage Co., Ohio, Aug. 14, 1834; parents are\\nGurdon and Huldah (Granger) Kent, natives of Connecticut. Sub-\\nject of sketch was reared on a farm, and has followed agricultural\\npursuits through life; now owns a farm of 240 acres, all the result\\nof hard toil and economy was Supervisor of tp. for one term and\\nhas held various other tp. offices; was married in Saginaw county,\\nin 1857, to Sophia Curtis, daughter of Truman and Sophronia\\n(Gillet) Curtis; wife was born in New York, Aug. 11, 1840; 6\\nchildren given them, 3 living Bert. G., born Oct. 17, 1871;\\nFred., born Nov. 7, 1869, and Emelia, born Sept. 7, 1877; deceased\\nare\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Orson N., born Aug. 2, 1860, and died July 26, 1867; Ole G.,\\nborn Aug. 8, 1864, and died July 12, 1867; and Otis, born SeDt.\\n21, 1867, and died Oct. 28, 1867.\\nAugustus Letterman, farmer, sec. 6, Birch Run tp., was born\\nin London, England, in 1824; parents were Richard and Catharine\\nLetterman; subject of sketch was reared a farmer s boy and has\\nbeen successfully engaged in farming through life; he was one\\nof the pioneer settlers of Birch Run tp; he owns 200 acres of farm\\nland; was married in Canada, Jan. 15, 1850, to Anna McNeal, who\\nwas born in Ireland in 1825. Ten children have been given them\\nKate, Ellen, Robert, Frank, Bessie, Maggie, Archie, Jennie, Mary\\nand Rachel.\\nHarry Letterman, farmer, sec. 6, was born in Upper Canada,\\nFeb. 14, 1836; parents are Richard and Catherine LettermaD,\\nnatives of England, who came to America in 1834; subject ol\\nsketch was reared on a farm, and came to Saginaw county in 1856,\\nwhere he has since been engaged in agricultural pursuits; ut pres-\\nent owns 160 acres of good land was married in this county, March\\n27, 1864, to Mary Dobson, who was born in Genesee Co., N.\\nY.j Nov. 4, 1842. Of 5 children born to this union, 1 are liv-\\ning Clara B., born Jan. 23, 1864; Eveline, born Jan. 18, 1866;\\nAllie, born Dec. 23, 1871: and Delia, born Oct, 1, 18tf9. Albert", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0720.jp2"}, "717": {"fulltext": "BIRCH RUN TOWNSHIP. 7 1\\nwas born Oct. 1, 18 and died Sept. 8, 18 Mr. L. is a^Repub-\\nlican, and has held various tp. offices.\\nJoseph Matthcivson, the oldest living settler of Birch Run tp.,\\nwas born in Scotland, Nov. 5, 1819, and is a son of William and\\nMargaret Matthewson, natives of Ireland, and of Scotch descent.\\nThey emigrated to America in 1823, settling in Canada, but in\\n1836 located in Lenawee Co., Mich. Joseph located in this tp.\\nin 1849, when Indians were as common as pine trees. He now\\nowns 115 acres of good land on sees. 6 and 16. He was married in\\nthis county in 1850, to Caroline, daughter of Enoch and Elizabeth\\nSmith, who was born in New York in 1831. They have 10 children\\nWilliam II.: Ada, wife of Charles Beach; David, George, Mar-\\ngaret, Clark. Hannah, wife of William Bid well; John,Elizabeth and\\nJoseph. Mr. Matthewson has been Supervisor of Birch Run tp.\\nfor four years, and during the late war was enrolling officer for\\nGdvernment.\\nChristopher Nicholis, farmer, sec. 6; P. O., Cass Bridge; was\\nborn in England in 1831; came to America in 1853, locating in\\nIngham Co.. Mich., where he remained until 1860, when he settled\\nin Saginaw county; was married in 1852 to Eliza Foster, who was\\nborn in England in 1831. Of the 10 children born to them, 6 are\\nliving Harry. Sarah, Charles S., George W., Frederick and Mary\\nE. His wife died in 1870. He was married again in 1879 to Mary\\nBurnison, who was born in Canada in 1847. They have 1 child,\\nBenjamin. Subject has beenJustice of the Peace, and tilled several\\nother tp. offices; owns 70 acres of land, is a member of the M. E.\\nChurch, and votes for the candidates of the Republican party.\\nRaphael Porter, farmer, sec. 20; P. O., Birch Run; was born in\\nJerterson Co., N. Y., Dec. 16, 1825; parents were Asa and Tabitha\\nPorter, natives of New York. Subject of sketch came to this count v\\nin 1866; was married the same year to Sarah E. Warden, who was\\nborn in St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.,in 1847. They have 1 child, Augus-\\ntus, born in 1877. Subject has held various tp. offices, and is a\\nmember of I. O. O. F. lodge, No. 292, of Birch Run. He owns a\\nfarm of 75 acres.\\nJ. J. Powell was born in St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Sept. 20,\\nl s .5; parents are Miles and Polly Powell. Subject of sketch has\\nbeen engaged in butchering and farming through life; in 1864 he\\nenlisted in Co. B, 4th Reg. Mich. Cav., and assisted in the capture\\nof Jefferson Davis; has been Assessor aud Director of Schools of\\nBirch Run tp.; was; married in this county Jan. 1, 1856, to Sarah\\nE. Jacobs, daughter of Francis and Maria Jacobs. His wife was born\\nin Vermont, Oct. 14, 1837. Nine children have been given them\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nEmma E., Margery, Miles, William R., Jackson (deceased), Harvey,\\nJason, Arthur. Gertrude and Benjamin.\\nLouis P. Racine, merchant, Birch Run Station, was born in\\nFrance, Feb. 25, 1839. His parents, Peter and Margaret (Crois-\\nsant) Racine were natives of France and emigrated to America in\\n184S. They reside at present in Jefferson Co., N. Y., where the\\n44", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0721.jp2"}, "718": {"fulltext": "732 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nformer is a successful farmer. Louis lived amid rural scenes until\\nof age, when he shipped as a sailor on the great lakes, following\\nthat kind of work in summer, and teaching school in winter for\\nseven years. Mr. Racine was a poor man upon his arrival in Sag-\\ninaw county, but by hard toil and economy has succeeded in the\\nworld, and now owns a good farm of 111 acres, also other property.\\nHe is an enterprising business man, and well respected. He is a\\nmember of the I. O. O. F., and the Republican party. He was\\nmarried in New York March 6, 1866, to Melitine Calon, daughter\\nof H. Calon, and born in New York, November, 1838. Two children\\nwere given them George D., born Jan. 20, 1867, and Eugene 0.,\\nborn in this county in 1870. Mrs. Racine departed this life in 1876,\\nand Mr. Racine was again married in Genesee Co., Mich., in 1879,\\nto Mrs. Sarah L. (Randall) Fangboner, a daughter of Sealand\\nand Sarah Randall, the former a native of Vermont, of English de-\\nscent, and the latter of New Jersey, and of German parentage. Mrs.\\nRacine was born in New York, Feb. 1, 1840.\\nVictor B. Rottiers, a prominent farmer of Birch Run tp., was\\nborn in Jefferson Co., N. Y., May 24, 1842; parents were John\\nN. and Ruth A. (Cotter) Rottiers, former a native of France, latter\\nof New York; subject of sketch, in 1862, enlisted in Co. G, 10th\\nReg. N. Y. Heavy Artillen-, and served three years, being dis-\\ncharged with the rank of 1st Lieutenant; emigrated to Saginaw\\ncounty in 1865; now owns 280 acres of land on sec. 35; has been\\nHighway Commissioner, and is serving second term as Justice of the\\nPeace; was married in Jefferson Co., N. Y., in 1869, to Emily,\\ndaughter of Jacob and Anna Shubenburg, natives of Prussia; wife\\nwas born May 24, 1846; have 2 children John N., born Oct. 14,\\n1871, and Anna R., born Oct. 28, 1875.\\nThomas L. Rimnells, farmer, sec. 21; P. O., Birch Run; was\\nborn in Maine, July 31, 1825, and is a son of David and Sarah\\n(McDowell) Rnnnells, of Scotch descent. Thomas spent his early\\nlife on a farm until 19 years of age, then worked in lumber camps\\nin winter, and at the saw-mills in summer. He came to Michigan\\nin 1851, and during the war was Lieut, of a Michigan company.\\nSince his return from the army, he has been a Justice of the Peace,\\nand also school officer. He was married in 1853 to Rhoda Marr,\\nwho was born in Canada in 1830. Three children were given them,\\ntwo of whom are living Cora E., born Dec. 21, 1856, and Eliza-\\nbeth M., born Nov. 6, 1861. Francis L. was born May 28, 1854,\\nand died Jan. 7, 1865. Mrs. Runnells died in 1855, and Mr. R.\\nmarried, in this State, his wife s sister, Adelia C. Marr, who was\\nborn in Canada in 1837. They have 1 child, William L., born\\nAug. 26, 1868.\\nDavid Sprout, jr., farmer and inn-keeper, sec. 13; P. O., Birch\\nRun; was born in Scotland, June 3, 1811, and is a son of David\\nand Nancy Sproul. Daniel immigrated to America in 1824, settling\\nm Genesee Co., N. Y.; in 1835 in Lenawee Co., Mich.; in 1842 in\\nGcnes\u00c2\u00b0e Co., and in 1853 in Saginaw county. Mr. Sproul has been", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0722.jp2"}, "719": {"fulltext": "BIRCH RUN TOWNSHIP. 733\\nJustice of the Peace for 20 years; was Supervisor six years, and is\\nDemocratic in politics. He own 81 acres of land, the fruit of his\\nown labor and perseverance. Me was married in New York,\\nMarch 14, 1834, to Hannah J. Matthewson, who was born at Glas-\\ngow, Scotland, Sept. 1, 1816.\\nJ. L. Thompson, farmer, was born in New York in 1830, son\\nof Daniel and Sarah (Kinney) T. He was reared on a farm,\\nand has been a farmer through life. He is a local minister of the\\nProtestant Methodist Church, and does good service in the cause\\nit his Master. He was married in Steuben Co., N. Y., in 1854, to\\nEleanor Cook, who was born in New York in 1834, and is a\\ndaughter of John and Alvira Cook. Three children have been\\ngiven them, only one of whom is living Rosa M., born Aug. 29,\\n1867. Mr. T. owns 28 acres of good land.\\nIsaac Toff o\u00c2\u00bb, farmer sec. 20, was born in New York, March 30,\\n1829. His parents were Isaac and Catherine Totton, natives of\\nNew York, the former of whom died in 1853; the latter resides\\nwith the subject of this sketch. Mr. Totton came to this county\\nin 4854, carrying all he possessed on his back for seven miles. He\\nnow owns 80 acres of good land, has a pleasant home, and bears\\nthe good will and esteem of all his acquaintances. He was mar-\\nried in Allegany Co., N. Y., in 1854, to Calista Adams, who was\\nborn in 1833. Of their 6 children, 5 survive Ella, wife of Silas\\nKiK.wles; Frank, Mora, Eddie and Allie. Mr. Totton has been\\nTownship Treasurer; is a member of the I. O. O. F. Lodge, No. 292.\\nJacob Tremper, farmer, sec. 30, was born in New York, Aug.\\n24. 1810. He was a son of Jacob and Anna (Decater) Tremper,\\nboth of German descent. Jacob lived on a farm until 14 years of\\nage and then changed his life and followed the sea during the\\nsummer, and built boats during the winter season. He remained\\nat this business for 18 or 20 years, and in 1854 came to Saginaw\\ncounty, where he has since resided. Atone time he owned 280\\nacres of land. He has served in nearly all the tp. offices,\\nand was Postmaster of Birch Run for seven years. He has been a\\nmember of the School Board for over 20 years, and is connected\\nwith the Baptist Church. He was married in New York, July 13,\\n1*34, to Miss S. A. Phelps, who was born in Canada, June 5,\\n1816, and is a daughter of Daniel and Harriet (Emerson) Phelps,\\nboth of English descent. Of the 9 children given them, 8 are\\nliving Daniel B., James G., Michael, Harriet M., wife of D.\\nWebster, of Reed City; Sybil B., wife fof Allen Brown; Harry\\nJ., llailtv M. and Allie E., wife of Frank Strong. Augusta C,\\n(deceased) left a child, Edith, who resides with her grand-parents.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0723.jp2"}, "720": {"fulltext": "BLUMFIELD TOWNSHIP.\\nThis section of the count} 7 is inhabited by an industrious class\\nof agriculturists, who may be said to have raised the wilder-\\nness to the condition of a beautiful garden within a few years. The\\ntownship is watered by three streams, the principal of which is the\\nCheboygan creek, rising in section 8, and flowing southeast through\\nthe village of Blumfield.\\nThe Detroit Bay City railroad runs through the northeastern\\nsections, while the line of the proposed St. Clair railroad has been\\nsurveyed through the southwestern sections.\\nThe land is a rich sandy loam, capable of producing any of the\\ncrops known in this latitude. The village of Frankentrost, or\\nTrostville, is the main center of population in the township.\\nToward the close of 1852 the freeholders inhabiting that portion\\nof the county known in the United States survey as township 12\\nnorth, of range 6 east, made application to the Supervisors Board\\nfor its organization into a separate township. This application\\nwas granted Feb. 9,1853, in the following terms: That the\\nabove described territory be, and and the same is, hereby duly\\norganized into a township, to be known and designated by the\\nname of Blumfield, which said township is described as being\\nwithin the limits and under the jurisdiction of the county of Sagi-\\nnaw, in the State of Michigan; and be it further resolved that the\\nfirst annual meeting for the election of township officers for the\\nfurther organization of said township, be held at the house\\nof John G. Edelmann, situate in said township of Blumfield, on the\\nfirst Monday in April next, and that the following named persons,\\nto wit: Frederick Yanfliet, Theodore Lillotte and Bernhard Haack,\\nbeing three electors of said township, be, and they are hereby, duly\\ndesignated and appointed to preside at said township meeting, and\\nto perform all the duties required by the statute in such cases\\nmade and provided.\\nThe vote on the resolution to grant the application was unani-\\nmously in the affirmative, all the members voting.\\nThe first township meeting was held at the house of J. J. Edel-\\nman, April 4, 1853. The officers elected were Charles Post, Su-\\npervisor; Bernard Haak, Clerk; S, P. Schenck, Treasurer; F.\\nVanfliet and Andrew Moll School Inspectors; J. Schabergand C.\\nMunker, Directors of the Poor; J. Hetzner and C. Grabner, Asses-\\nsors; J. Leidlein, J. G. Meyer, L.Rohrhuber and M.Schnell, Justices\\nof the Peace; C.Peitter, L. RohrhuberandM. Leidlein, Commission-\\ners of Highways; M.Schnell and.T. Flues, Constables; J. S. Schury,\\nPoundmaster; T. Schmidt and J. Leidlein, Overseers of Highways.\\n(734)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0724.jp2"}, "721": {"fulltext": "BLUMFIELD TOWNSHIP.\\n735\\nTlieodore Lillotte was justice of the peace while still the township\\nwas attached to the township of Buena Vista, and completed his\\nterm of office as justice of the new township. The names of the\\nprincipal township officers from 1853 to 18S1 are given in the fol-\\nlowing table:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nlharlea Post 1853-4\\n.1. Schnell 1855\\nBernard Haak 1856\\nJohn G. Schnell 1857\\nBernard Haak 1858-60\\nCharles Schlickum 1861\\nBernard Haak 1862-72\\nB. Haak 1873-81\\nCLERKS.\\n1 ternard Haak 1853\\nBit. Haak 1854\\nA. Schmitz 1855\\nF. Vanfliet 1856\\nHenry Fugman 1857\\nG. F. Vanfliet 1858\\nCharles Schlickum 1859-69\\nGeorge F. Vanfliet 1870\\nWill. Schnetler 1871-2\\nWm. Schnetler 1873\\nJohn G. Schnell 1874-78\\nWm. Schnetler 1879\\nCharles Schlickum 1880-81\\nTREASURERS.\\nJ. P. Schenck 1853\\nGeo. Schnell 1854\\nJ. P. Schenck 1855\\nT. G. Meier 1856\\nJohn x. Meyer 1857\\nChas. Schlickum 1858\\nGottfried Hope 1859\\nTheo. Lupee 1860\\nJ. G. Meier 1861\\nTheo. Schmidt 1862-4\\nHenry Luneburgh 1865-6\\nTheo. Schnetler 1867-8\\nW. H. Schnetler 1869\\nHenry Luneburg 1870-2\\nM.Meier 1873\\nJ.M.Meier 1874-5\\nMichael Meier 1876\\nJ. M. Meier 1877-8\\nHenry Luneburg 1879\\nM.J.Meier 1880\\nJohn M.Meier 1881\\nJUSTICES.\\nTheodore Lillotte,!\\nJ. Leidlien.\\nJ. Meyer. 1853\\nL. Kohrhuber,\\nM. Srhnell\\nF. Vanfliet., 1854\\nM. Huber 1855\\nFred. Zwerk 1856\\nPreserved B. Shuman 1857\\nCharlThiele 1858\\nWm. Hill, Michael Huber 1859\\nBernard Haak 1860\\nJ.G. Schnell 1861\\nEmere Marsh 1862\\nW. Hill, C. Lupee 1863\\nB. Haak, A. Lovejoy 1864\\nF. Vanfliet 1865\\nMartin Powell 1866\\nDan Cole 1867\\nB. Haak 1868\\nGeo. F. Vanfliet 1869\\nMartin Powell 1870\\nDan Cole 1871\\nB. Haak, Adolph Zwerk 1872\\nJ. G.Schnell 1873\\nAdolph Zwerk 1874\\nDaniel Cole 1875\\nBernard Haak 1876\\nJohn G. Schnell 1877\\nAdolph Zwerk 1878\\nJohn Wibber 1879\\nBernard Haak 1880\\nMichael Huber 1881\\nThe other township officers for 1881 are Ohr. Kupp, Commis-\\nsioner of Highways; Geo. F. Vanfliet, Superintendent of Schools;", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0725.jp2"}, "722": {"fulltext": "736\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAdolph Zwerk, Inspector; Daniel Cole, Wm. Hill, A. McLachlan\\nand Franz Moll, Constables.\\nLAND-BUYERS.\\nAmong the early purchasers of the United States lands in this\\ntownship, the following corporations and individuals figure:\\nF. P. M. R. R, sec. 1, May 9, 1859-\\nA. L. T. B. R.R., sec. 1, May 9, 1859.\\nJohn Krick, sec. 1, Aug. 28, 1855.\\nHerman Huss, sec. 2, March 28, 1860.\\nWm. S. Evans, sec. 8, July 17, 18 55.\\nHenry Schurttler, sec. 9, Oct. 18, 1855.\\nHarriet Sherman, sec. 9, Oct. 30, 1855.\\nWm. S. Evans, sec. 9, July 24, 1855.\\nStephen Lazko, sec. 10, Jan. 26, 1856.\\nJehudi Ashmun, sec. 10, Aua;. 9, 1859.\\nG. F. Vanfleit, sec. 10, April 12, 1854.\\nFrederick Elbers, sec. 10, Jan. 5, 1853.\\nJoseph Crick, sec. 11, Aug. 28, 1855.\\nF. P. M. R. R., sec. 11, May 9, 1859.\\nA. L. T. B. R. R., sec. 11 May 9, 1859.\\nAdam Crick, sec. 12, April 9, I860.\\nNelson Vickery, sec. 12, July 5, 1855.\\nF. P. M. R. R., sec. 17, May 9, 1859.\\nA. L. T. B. R. R., sec. 17, May 9, 1959.\\nA. Watrous, jr., sec. 17, May 31, 1855.\\nAaron Burdick, sec. 18, July 24, 1855.\\nWm. Rice, sec. 19, Jan. 31, 1837.\\nJohann Beyer, sec. 20, Aug. 2, 1852.\\nJ. G. Mayerhuber, sec. 20, Nov. 1, 1850.\\nConrad Grabner, sec. 20, Oct. 21, 1850.\\nConrad Runking, sec. 20, Jan. 7, 1850.\\nAnthony Schmitz, sec. 22, Sept. 13, 55.\\nChrist r Betow, sec. 28, April 27, 1855.\\nJohann Keifner, sec. 28, Feb. 1, 1855.\\nAlrnira Woodford, sec. 30, Feb. 14, 1837.\\nVenus Howe, sec. 30, April 22, 1837.\\nR. A. Quartermass, sec. 30, Jan. 31, 37.\\nAlrnira AVoodford, sec. 30, Jan. 31, 1837.\\nTBE SCHOOLS\\nof the township are well attended. There are six frame buildings,\\nwith other property, valued at $3,000. Six teachers are employed.\\nThe school census is 513; but the actual attendance is only 301\\npupils. The amount of salary paid to teachers for the year 1880\\nwas $1,351. The expenditures for school purposes during that\\nyear were $2,430.\\nTHE CHURCHES\\ncomprise a Catholic Church, and one German Evangelical Lutheran,\\nboth claiming large congregations.\\nTHE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY\\nis represented in this township by the saw-mill of Geo. Seitz,\\nerected in 1876 by the present proprietors on the site of the former\\nmills, which were burned.\\nThe population of the township, taken from the census returns\\nof 1880, is 1,369. During the past year, however, new settlers\\nhave made their locations, large clearances have been effected in\\nthe forest, many dwelling-houses erected, and a general advance\\nmade evident every where.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0726.jp2"}, "723": {"fulltext": "DI.UMFIKI.I) TOWNSHIP. 737\\nPERSONAL SKETCHES.\\nThe following biographical sketches of some of the prominent\\nfamilies of Blumtield township add materially to the interest and\\nvalue of this history:\\nF. A. GurUher was born in Prussia in 1822; his school days\\nwere passed at Goldlauter, near Suhl, after which he entered the\\nmercantile and manufacturing business, which previously had been\\nconducted by his father. In the spring of 1855 he emigrated to\\nAmerica, and in the fall of the same year located in this section of\\nthe State, where he again engaged in his old pursuits, continuing\\nuntil 1864:. Then he disposed of his business and bought the prop-\\nerty upon which he now resides, in Bloomlield tp. He was mar-\\nried to Miss Mary A. G. Spreckel, who died in May, 1879.\\nB. Haak was born in the Rhenish Province of Prussia; emi-\\ngrated to the United States of America in 184:9; worked at his\\ntrade of carriage-making in New Jersey until April, 1850; selected\\nMichigan, especially Saginaw county, for permanent location;\\nfound a desirable location in what was then a dense forest, and is\\nnow the well-cultivated tp. of Blumfield; acquired a good\\nhome, which he still occupies; was married in 1854, at St. Louis,\\nMo. Two children have been born to them 1 son, who died in\\nhis eighth year, and 1 daughter, now the wife of one of Thomas-\\ntown s respected citizens. Mr. H. is one of Blumtield s most\\nbenevolent and trusted citizens.\\nMichael Haber was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1827. His\\nfather was by trade a tailor, in the old country. In 1847 they\\nemigrated to America, coming directly to Saginaw county, first\\nrenting a farm in Tittabawassee, where he remained a short time.\\nIn 1854 he bought the 80 acres upon which he now resides, to\\nwhich he has added 40 acres near by, in Bnena Vista tp. Mr. H.\\nhas been a hard-working man, having cleared four farms; to-day\\nhe enjoys the result of his hard labor, having accumulated four\\nimproved farms, well stocked, all from a capital of $6, that being\\nthe amount he had when he arrived in Saginaw county. Mrs. H.\\nwas once losfrcoming from East Saginaw to her home, a distance\\nof about seven miles, wandering about three days, when she came\\nout at Bay City, an Indian returning her to her home. Mr. II.\\nwas married in 1848, to Maggie Eidleman. Their famil} consists\\nof 10 children, namely: John, Kate, George, Leonard. Mike,\\n.Mary. Charlie, Fred, Lena and Willie. Mr. H. is School Director,\\nwhich position he has held for eight years; three years Director\\nand Superintendent of the Saginaw Vassar plank road; has\\nbeen Justice of the Peace for the second term of four years; was\\nalso Clerk of St. John s cemetery six years.\\nJoint G. Maeder was born in Saxony, Germany, in 1821.\\nGodfried, his father, was a tradesman in the old country. John S.\\nwas married in Saxony; in 1847 he emigrated to this country. Mr\\nM. is an economical, hard-working citizen, who now can look out", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0727.jp2"}, "724": {"fulltext": "738 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nupon 80 acres of well- improved land as the result of his industry.\\nHis family consists of 2 sons Leonard and John.\\nGeo. Seits, one of the live, energetic men of Blumfield, was born\\nin Bavaria in 1818; in 1848 he came to America, landing in New\\nYork city; from that point he came direct to the Saginaw Valley;\\nafter arriving here he found employment with the well-known\\npioneer of this county, Curtis Emerson, as head sawyer in his\\nmill. In 1854 he moved to his present home of 160 acres, to\\nwhich he has added 110 more; upon this he has shown his old\\nproclivities, that of milling, having erected a large saw-mill, to\\nwhich he contemplates adding a flouring mill. Mr. Seitz was mar-\\nried in 1853 to Miss Caroline Kuhn, a native of Austria, and his\\nfamily now consists of 7 children, 4 of whom are living Otto,\\nGeorge, Albertina, Emish. Many are the incidents told by this\\nold pioneer which cause a smile to light the face of his friends ol\\nformer days.\\nAdolph Zwerk was born in Mecklenburg, Germany, in 1831;\\nwas educated at one of the leading seminaries of that country for a\\nteacher, which profession he followed up to 1852, when he sought\\na home in the New World, arriving in Saginaw county, Aug. 28,\\nthe same year; that fall he bought his present farm of 100 acres,\\nwhich he has cleared and improved. Now, in his declining years,\\nhe enjoys the fruits of his hard labor. In 1858 lie was mar-\\nried to Miss Jane Letting, a native of Germany. Mr. Z. has held\\ndifferent offices of trust in his tp., and ranks as one of the first\\nmen of his community.\\nFrederic Zwerk was born in Mecklenburg, Germany, July 4,\\n1835; his early days were passed at school in his native country.\\nIn 1852 he emigrated to America, locating in Blumfield tp.,\\nwhere he bought a farm of 175 acres, which he has developed,\\nplacing thereon as fine improvements as can be found in his\\ntp. He was married in 1861 to Miss Mary Kroger, whose\\nparents are residents of Tuscola county. His family consists of\\nthe following named children: Matilda, Rudolph, Henry, Emma\\nand Fred., all at the old homestead.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0728.jp2"}, "725": {"fulltext": "BRADY TOWNSHIP.\\nThe first township meeting after the organization was held in\\nApril of the same year, when John Card was elected Supervisor,\\nJohn Curless, Clerk, and Richard Walsh, Treasurer.\\nPhilip Mickle, in 1847, was the first white man to settle in this\\ntownship permanently. His location was on section 36, on land\\nowned by Isaac S. Bockee. Mr. Mickle also built the first house,\\na frame i4xl6, which he kept as a tavern. This was within the\\nlimits of what is now the village of Oakley. Other parties soon\\nbegan to settle in the township, among whom were Josiah F. Coy,\\nRichard Walsh, Frank O Connor, John Haley, Michael Keyes and\\nSam. Whitney.\\nBrady township embraces 37^ sections of land. The surface is\\nsomewhat broken, and heavily timbered with black walnut, oak,\\nbeech, maple, elm, ash and basswood, and in the north part some\\npine. Maple sugar grounds are somewhat extensive. The soil is\\nvarious, sandy, gravelly and clayey in different places. It is drained\\nby numerous small streams the western half by the south branch\\nof Mad river.\\nThe first school-house was erected in 1855, on the northwest\\nquarter of sec. 32, Frank O Connor s name being the first on\\nthe petition for this building. Mary Dodge was the first teacher.\\nThe first postoffice was established in 1S63, on sec. 32, when Josiah\\nF. Coy was appointed the postmaster.\\nORGANIC.\\nThe following is a transcript from the records of the Board,\\nin session Jan. 1 1S56:\\nWhereas, The application of fourteen freeholders, residents of the following un-\\norganized territory, to-wit Township No. nine (9) north, of range No. two (2)\\neast, and township No. nine (0) north, of range No. one (1) east, has been duly\\nmade to organize said territory into a new township, and a map thereof having been\\nfurnished the Board of Supervisors of Saginaw county; and, whereas, a notice in\\nwriting of such application, subscribed toby not less than twelve of said freeholders,\\nlias been duly published and posted according to the statute in such case, made and\\nprovided.\\nTherefore, 6 it ordered, That the above described territory be, and the same is\\nhereby duly organized into a township, to be known and designated by the name of\\nBrady, which said township is described as being within the limits and under the\\njurisdiction of the county of Saginaw and State of Michigan: and be it further\\nordered that the first annual meeting for the election of township officers in said\\ntownship, be held at the hou s e of J. F. Coy, in said township of Brady, on the first\\nMonday in April next, and that the following named persons, Daniel Burrows,\\nRichard Walsh and Josiah F. Coy, be, and they are hereby designated and appointed\\nto preside at such election, and to perforin all the duties required by the statute in\\nsuch case made and provided.\\n(739)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0729.jp2"}, "726": {"fulltext": "740\\nHISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nPATENTEES OF U. S. LANDS.\\nGosere Olmsted, sec. 1, Oct. 26, 1854.\\nBenjamin Weeden, sec. 1, Dec. 16, 1854.\\nGeorge W. Harris, sec. 1, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nOrrin Safford, sec. 1, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nIsaiah S. Ruthburn, sec. 1, Oct. 30, 1854.\\nJoshua Eastwad, sec. 2, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nAlmon L. Gilbert, sec. 2, Feb. 24, 1854.\\nPhilo Rockwell, sec. 2, Feb 24, 1854.\\nWm: H. Shaw, sec. 2, Oct. ]6, 1854.\\nSimon W. Howard, sec. 2, Nov. 28, 1S54.\\nVolney Chapjn, sec. 3, March 1, 1854.\\nGeo. Patteson, sec. 3, Dec. 28, 1854.\\nAsaph Pingrey, sec. 3, Oct. 18, 1854.\\nPhilo Rockwell, sec, 3, Oct, 18, 1853.\\nAlmon L. Gilbert, sec 3, Oct. 18, 1853.\\nHiram A. Tobias, sec. 4, Dec. 2, 1854.\\nSam l A. Whitney, sec. 4, Dec. 28, 1854.\\nAsaph Pingrey, sec. 4, Oct. 14, 1854.\\nThomas Marshal], sec. 4, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nJohn Stacey, sec. 5, Dec. 28, 1854.\\nVol. Chapin, sec. 5, Nov. 2 and 23, 1853.\\nAlbert B. Green, sec. 5, Nov. 30, 1854.\\nByron Wightman, sec. 5, Dec. 28, 1854.\\nJos. M. Ingersoll, sec, 6, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nAlex. Cummin, sec. 6, Oct. 26, 1854.\\nPeter Bush, sec. 6, Dec. 29, 1854.\\nBernhard Convers, sec. 6, Dec. 30, 1854.\\nVol. Chapin, sec. 7, Nov. 2 and 23, 1853.\\nChas. Wightman, sec. 7, Dec. 29, 1854.\\nDavid Millard, sec. 8, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nOrmon Millard, sec. 9, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nAddison Smith, sec. 9, Nov. 30, 1854.\\nNathaniel Swift, sec. 10, Oct, 30, 1854.\\nGeorge Culver, sec. 10, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nHerman Carlisle, sec. 11, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nJohn Curliss, sec. 11, Jan. 26, 1855.\\nWilliam Smith, sec. 11, Oct. 27, 1854.\\nWm. R, Breuredge, sec. 11, Oct. 25, 1854.\\nIsaac Rockee, sec. 12, Aug. 13. 1850.\\nWm. Curliss, sec. 12, Oct. 23, 1854; Jan.\\n26, 1855.\\nPhilip Mickles, sec. 12, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nDaniel D. Carman, sec. 12, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nPhilip Mickles, sec. 12, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nPeter J. Smith, sec. 13, Oct. 21, 1854.\\nJohn L. Smith, sec. 13, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nFenelin Brace, sec. 14, Oct, 23. 1854.\\nAsa O. Munson, sec. 14, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nCharles Heale, sec. 14, Dec. 7, 1854,\\nEdward Smith, sec. 14, Dec. 16, 1854.\\nArnold W. Miller, sec. 14, April 20, 1855.\\nH. L. Franklin, sec. 15, Nov. 23, 1854.\\nGeorge Culver, sec. 15, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nGeo. W. C. Smith, sec. 15, Dec. 16, 1854.\\nJohn Griffus, sec, 15, Oct. 18, 1854.\\nMichael Ganon, sec. 15, Nov. 1, 1854.\\nCalvin Townsend, sec. 17, Mar. 21, 1837.\\nRobert E. Craven, sec 17, Oct. 22, 1853.\\nVolney Chapin, sec 17, Nov. 23, 1853.\\nLyman Swagart, sec. 17, April 1, 1854.\\nRobt. E. Craven, sec. 17, April 1, 1854.\\nVolney Chapin, sec. 18, March 1, 1854,\\nand Nov. 2, 18 5.\\nCharles Ormsbee,sec 18, Jan. 26, 1855.\\nTheo. Johnson, sec. 18, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nVolney Chapin, sec. 19, Nov. 2, 1853.\\nAlbert Hunt, sec. 19, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nC. M. Sergeant, sec 19, Dec. 29, 1854.\\nHiram Johnson, sec. 19, Jan 26, 1855.\\nRiley R. Tupper, sec. 19, Dec 7, 1854.\\nPhil. R. Howe, sec. 20, Jan. 17, 1837.\\nWm. Gunney, sec 21, Nov. 28. 1854.\\nSam l Spear, jr., sec. 21, Nov. 30, 1854.\\nDan Young, jr., sec. 21, Oct. 30, 1854.\\nJ. A. Carpenter, sec. 21, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nAlbert Jewell, sec. 22, Nov. 27, 1854.\\nJob Conger, sec 22, Nov. 29, 1854.\\nArnold W. Miller, sec. 23, Oct. 21, 1854.\\nGeorge R Davis, sec. 23, Oct. 20, 1854.\\nOscar Card, sec 23, Dec 29, 1854.\\nAnson Seager, sec. 23, Nov. 2d, 1854.\\nPatrick Garman, sec. 23, Dec 28, 1853.\\nAsher Coon, sec. 24, Oct. 17, 1853.\\nWm. C. Allen, sec. 24, Oct. 21, 1814.\\nJon. K. Goodwin, .sec 24, Oct. 28, 1854.\\nJohn Card, sec. 24, Jan. 23, 1855.\\nNelson Phy, sec 24, Oct. 24, 1854.\\nGideon Lee, sec 25, Jan. 21, 1837.\\nWm. Fletcher, sec 26, Oct, 23, 1854.\\nJas. T. Teachout, sec 26, Dec. 30, 1854.\\nMichael Hayes, sec. 26, Oct. 26, 1853.\\nAbraham Bockee, sec 26, Jan. 21, 1837.\\nGideon Lee, sec 27, Feb. 23, 1837.\\nGideon Lee, sec 28, Feb. 23, 1837.\\nPhil. R. Howe, sec. 29, Jan. 17, 1837.\\nJames Hempsted, sec 29, Dec. 7, 1854.\\nLuke Valentine, sec 30, Jan. 17, 1837.\\nEdwin R. Billings, sec 30, Nov. 28. 1854.\\nDaniel Burrows, sec. 30, Mav 16 and\\nNov. 28, 1854.\\nPhil. R. Howe, sec 30, Jan. 17, 1837.\\nPorter Card, sec. 30, Dec 6, 1854.\\nGideon Lee, sec 31, Jan. 21, 1837.\\nJosiah F. Coy, sec. 32, Jan. 10, 1851.\\nJohn Davis, sec. 32, July 16, 1851.\\nDavid Coy, sec 32, Nov. 25, 185;!.\\nSamuel Carson, sec. 32, Nov. 7, 1851.\\nJohn Healey, sec. 33, Oct. 11, 1853.\\nMary A. S. McCall, sec. 33, Aug. 13. 1850.\\nFrancis O Connor, sec. 33, Aug. 7, 1854.\\nAlonzo Randall, sec. 33, Aug. 1, 1853.\\nFrancis O Connor, sec. 33, Oct. 10, 1854.\\nDavid R. Miller, sec 33, Sept. 12, 1853.\\nJohn Healey, sec. 33, Nov. 1, 1854.\\nNorris Collier, sec. 34, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nJohn Hempsted, sec. 34, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nJas. A. Valentine, sec. 34, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nA. Bockee, sees. 35 and 36, Jan. 21, 1837.\\nEdm. R. Kearsley, sec 36, June 4, 1836.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0730.jp2"}, "727": {"fulltext": "BRADY TOWNSHIP. 741\\nThe number of farms in this township is 146. The number of\\nacres of improved land in 1880 was 4,156. The productions of the\\ntownship, 18,401 bushels of wheat; 28,740 bushels of corn; 8,684 of\\noats, and by the assessment of 1880, there were in the limits of\\nBrady, 246 horses, 504 cows, other cattle 345, hogs 302, sheep\\n1,073.\\nThe Jackson, Lansing A: Saginaw railroad passes across its\\nsoutheastern corner. It was finished in 1867. The only postoffice\\nor railroad depot in the township is on the road at Oakley village.\\nThe township was named in honor of General Brady, of Detroit.\\nThe population in 1880 was 1,248.\\nCHURCHES.\\nMethodist. The first religious meetings held in the township\\nwere in the village, and presided over by Rev. Mr. Clough. a\\nMethodist minister, who organized a class here in 1867.\\nBaptist. The next meetings were held by the Close Baptists,\\nwho erected a church building in 1871. This was the first church\\nbuilding in the township. The Church was heavily in debt, and it\\nwas finally lost to the society under foreclosure of mortgage. The\\nbuilding was then bought by the Free- Will Baptists, subject to\\nmortgage; but in 1878 they also relinquished the building to the\\nmortgagee, and gave up their organization at the same time.\\nChrist Church, of Oakley Village, was organized in the spring\\nof 1878, under the ministerial guidance of Rev. Horatio A. Barker,\\nits only and present pastor. The ranks of this society were swelled\\nby accessions from the Free-Will Baptists, who gave up their own\\norganization to join this. The first meetings of the society were\\nheld for little more than a year in a room over a saloon; but in\\nIn a church building 22x34 feet was completed, and dedicated\\nthe tirst Sabbath after Christmas, 1^7!\u00c2\u00bb. its pastor preaching the\\ndedicatory sermon. There are o members, and a Sunday-school\\nof 50 pupils\\nThis Church is on the Congregational plan, but does not believe\\nin denominationalism in religion, maintaining that all Christians\\nof any place should associate themselves together, and be the\\nIhurch of that place.\\nCathoUc Church. Previous to 1870, the members of this\\nChurch were obliged to go a distance of 14 to 18 miles to attend\\nplaces of worship, either to Owosso or Corunna. During this\\nyear they bought the building formerly owned by the Baptists, for\\n$600, the church being bought and the money subscribed\\nand paid on the same day. The first pastor was Father -lames\\nWheeler, who still has charge of the parish. When the church\\nwas purchased the congregation consisted of but 11 families, the\\nheads of which were Richard Walsh, James Rvan, James Whelan,\\nJohn Haley, Patrick Koyne, Frank O Connor. Dennis Brennan,\\nWin. Fitzgerald. Michael Devanay, Michael Keyes, Cyrus Lingel\\nand Michael Halanan. These all paid something for the church-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0731.jp2"}, "728": {"fulltext": "742 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nbuilding. The society also owns a nice cemetery of three\\nacres, on sec. 31, Chesaning township.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThere are eight school-houses in the township, including one in\\nthe vill ige, having a seating capacity of 442 pupils. The number\\nin attendence in 1880 was 344, while the number of teachers em-\\nployed was 16, three of them being males. The whole number of\\nteachers average three and one-half months time, and receive sal-\\naries averaging $79.25 each. The village district has school nine\\nmonths, while the other seven districts averaged six and seven-\\ntenths months each.\\nThe records of elections prior to 1874 have all been destroyed\\nby fire. Since that date the following officers have served: Super-\\nvisors\u00e2\u0080\u0094 S. Harder, 1874; Nelson Phy, 1875; G. W. Sackrider,\\n1876- 81. Clerks\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gordon C. Eoosa, 1874- 5; James N. Smith,\\n1876- 81. Treasurers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John Kidney, 1874; W. B. Mickles,1875- 8;\\nS. W. Wickham, 1879- 80; W. B. Mickles, 1881. Justices of the\\nPeace\u00e2\u0080\u0094 G. W. C. Smith, elected in 1874; H. L. Tobias, 1875;\\nJames Smith, 1876; Moses Wooll, 1877; Jacob Armstrong, 1878;\\nG. W. C. Smith, 1879; H. J. Barrett, 1879; James Smith, 1880;\\nJacob Armstrong, 1SS1.\\nOAKLEY VILLAGE.\\nThis pleasant and thriving little place is located on the J., L.\\nS. R. P., in Brady township. It was surveyed and platted\\nby Andrew Huggins, Feb. 23, 1868, the plat being put on record\\nSept. 7, of the same year. The owners of the land were Isaac S.\\nBockte, Henry Parshall and Philip Mickle, under whose super-\\nvision the plat was made. The village was named in honor of\\nJudge Oakley, of Dutchess Co., N. Y., who was an uncle of one\\nof the proprietors.\\nThe population of this village in 1880 was 350. Its business is\\nrepresented by three dry-goods stores, two groceries, two drug\\nand grocery stores and two hardware stores.\\nA steam stave and heading factory, which employs 40 men\\nand boys, -with a daily capacity for making 25,900, staves and\\n2,500 sets of headings, is run by a 40-horse-power engine. It\\nis owned by F. Hood Co., and superintended by D. Mahoney.\\nThere are also two millinery shops, one wagon shop, two black-\\nsmith shops, and one hotel, the Brady House, kept by Peter\\nHendrick. The amount of business done annually in the village\\nis $200,000.\\nOakley Lodge, No. 198, I. O. O. F., was chartered Feb. 21,\\n1873, the organizers being, Samuel Harder, X. G. Charles D.\\nLapham, Y. G. Peter Hendrick, P. S. I. H. Wright, P. S. and\\nFranklin Cain. T. The present officers are: John ~N. Phy, N. G.\\nHorace Hodge, V. G. C. F. Wright, R. S. A. E. Harrington,\\nP. S. Nelson Phy, T. Present number of members, 32.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0732.jp2"}, "729": {"fulltext": "BRADY TOWNSHIP. 743\\nThere is also a prosperous Good Templar lodge in the village,\\norganized in the winter of L880- l.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nPersonal sketches of some of the representative citizens of this\\ntownship are here given as an essential part of its history:\\nRev. II A. Barker, Oakley, Mich., is a descendant of Joseph\\nBarker, a native of Connecticut, who settled in Rutland Co., Vt.,\\nbefore the Revolutionary war. Joseph Barker was the father of\\nX. 15 children, one of Fwhom, Augustus, was born at Brandon,\\nVt., May 22, 1786. He was married at Attica, N. Y., June IS,\\n1812, to Polly Eastman, who bore him 5 children. One son,\\nHoratio Allen, was born May 27. 1826, and is the subject of this\\n-ketch. In the fall of 18-to Augustus Barker removed with his\\nfamily to Oneida, Eaton Co., Mich. The same winter Horatio\\ntaught his first school, at Eaton Rapids, being then 19 years\\npf age. lie taught school for several years, always with\\nunbounded success. While teaching at Leoni, in the winter of\\nL846- 7, he made an open profession of his faith in Christ, and in\\nMarch. 1848, united with the Free- Will Baptist Church, at Ches-\\nter, Eaton Co., Mich. In the fall of the same year he transferred\\nhis membership to the organization at Lansing, and undertook\\nthe herculean task of building up a church at that point. In 1851\\nhe was the only male member in the body of worshipers. He\\nlabored earnestly, giving all his wages toward the erection of\\nthe building, and it was finally dedicated in the spring of 1852. by\\nElder II. S. Leinbacker. and was the first church building in the\\nnow city of Lansing. Mr. Barkers ministerial career has extended\\nover a period of 29 years, be being ordained to preach in the\\nsummer of 1852. He has labored in the churches at Lansing,\\nLeoni, Stockbridge, Lee, Lexington, Oneida, Salem, Green Oak,\\nin Michigan, and from 1856 to 1S60, at GilbertMills, Oneida Co.,\\nand Springville and East Concord, in Erie Co., N. Y. From 1861\\nto 1862 he was in the law office of John W. Longyear, of Lan-\\nding, being admitted to the bar in September, 1861. While\\npreaching at Green Oak, Mich., in 1876, he became convinced\\nthat the spirit of sectarianism pervading the Christian people was\\nentirely detrimental to the cause of his Master, and he therefore\\nresolved to retire from the ministry, which lie did for over a year.\\nWhile visiting at Oakley, Mich.; he was invited to preach to the\\npeople, ami subsequently received an invitation to become their\\npastor. He immediately explained his sentiments in regard to\\nChristianity, and agreed to accede to their request if all denomi-\\nnations would drop their sectarianism and unite in one great\\nChurch. They agreed to do so, and in the spring of 1878\\na Church was organized. Rev. Barker located there in the\\nfall, and a chapel was built and dedicated Dec. 28, 1870. He\\nopened a mercantile establishment in the village, where he is still\\nengaged in business. He is an earnest, practical and instructive", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0733.jp2"}, "730": {"fulltext": "744: HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nminister, and an unwavering supporter of the temperance cause.\\nHe was formerly a Free-Soiler, then an Abolitionist, and subse-\\nquently a Republican, although possessing strong Greenback ten-\\ndencies at present. He was married at Stockbridge, Mich., Nov.\\n15, 1855, to Mary Jane Soule.\\nRev. Barker s portrait is given in this volume on page 257.\\nWilliam H. Beardsley, son of Hiram and Mary Beardsley, was\\nborn in Livingston Co., Mich., Dec. 14, 1849. His parents were\\nnatives respectively of New York and New Jersey, and located in\\nMichigan as early as 1826. William was educated in the Howell\\nUnion school, and in Oct., 1876, came to Oakley, where he kept\\nthe Oakley House, then started a saloon, and subsequently a\\nlivery stable. He was married Jan. 5, 1875, to Esther M. Hosley,\\ndaughter of William Hosley, and born in Livingston Co., Mich.,\\nNov. 12, 1853. They have 2 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ethel F., born Feb. 16,\\n1878, and Maud, born March 9, 18S0.\\nJonathan W. Bennett, farmer, sec.s. 10 and 11, was born in Erie\\nCo., Pa., Oct. 25, 1830. His parents were Seldon and Ollie Ben-\\nnett, the former of whom was born in Addison Co., Yt., Aug 10,\\n178b, and served in the war of 1812; the latter was a native of the\\nsame county, and departed this life when Jonathan was 14 years of\\nage. From the age of 4 to 16 years, Mr. Bennett lived in Lake Co.,\\n0., and at the latter period removed to New York, where, on Aug.\\n26, 1862, he enlisted in Co. A, 82d Reg. Fa. Vol. Inf., serving\\nfaithfully till July 19, 1865, when he was honorably discharged.\\nThe following August he located in Brady tp., where he owns\\n125 acres of land. He was married Sept. 8, 1853, to Irene Dean,\\na daughter of Ephraim and Mary Dean, and born in Erie Co.,\\nPa., Oct. 22, 1829. Of the 3 children given them, 1 is living-\\nGeorge H., who was born March 30, 1858, and on Oct. 20, 1S78,\\nmarried Celia Carson, who was born Feb. 10, 1862. Morris and\\nEphraim are deceased. Mr. Bennett is a Republican.\\nDr. E. D. Clarke was born June 26, 1823, at N. Troy. N. Y.\\nHis parents were Wm. B. and Typhosa Clarke, of Massachusetts and\\nConnecticut, He was married in 1846 to Miss Sabina Burnett,\\nwho died in February, 1853. Two children blessed their marriage,\\nboth deceased. He was again married April 9, 1861, to Miss\\nMaria Wood, daughter of Alonzo and Angelina Wood, of Ulster\\nand Cortland counties, N. Y., respectively. He commenced read\\ning medicine with Dr. Briggs, of Orange Co., N. Y., when 15; re-\\nmained with him one year and then spent tw T o years with Dr.\\nBallow; attended the Buffalo (Reg.) Medical College in 1848, and\\nin 1849 came West, examined the country and returned. In 1S66\\nhe attended the New York (Reg.) Medical College, where he would\\nhave graduated in one month longer, but was called from college.\\nHe spent the season of 1864 at Fairfax Seminary. Fairfax Court-\\nHouse, Va., where he assisted Dr. G. W. Peer as army surgeon.\\nIn 1868 he came to Chesaning and began practicing. He es-\\ntablished a large practice in Chesaning, and remained there until", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0734.jp2"}, "731": {"fulltext": "BRADY TOWNSHIP. 745\\n1880, when he moved upon his farm. Dr. C. is a member of the\\nEpiscopal Church, a 32d-degree Mason, and belongs to the Detroit\\nCommanderv and Sovereign Consistory; is also an Encampment\\nmember of the I. O. O. F. He is a cousin of Freeman Clarke, the\\nfinancier of Rochester, N. Y. He owns 80 acres of land on sec.\\n12, worth $3,500. In politics he is a Democrat,\\nDavid Coy, farmer, sec. 32, was born at Collins, Erie Co., N. Y.,\\nAugust, 1833. When nine years of age his parents removed to\\nMorrell Co., O., where he was reared and educated. His parents\\nwere Josiah F. and Louisa Coy, the former of whom was a soldier\\nin the war of 1812, and died July 14, 1877, aged 84 years. Mr.\\nCoy s grandfather was a soldier under Washington, and died at the\\nripe age of 96 years. His mother died Feb. 16, 1865. David came\\nto Brady tp. in 1851, being the second person to locate in the tp.\\nHe was married Feb. 7, 1857, to Celinda Peavy, who was born in\\nI)e Kalb Co., 111., Aug. 31, 1840. Of their 4 children, 2 survive\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nSarah J. and Minnie C. Elias E. and Marion D. are deceased. Mr.\\nCoy and wife are members of the United Brethren Church. He\\nis Democratic in politics, and owns a farm of 40 acres.\\nHarrison Deforest, agriculturist, sec. 24; was born near Sack-\\nett s Harbor, N. Y., March 24, 1823. His parents were Luther and\\nMary A. i Cunningham) Deforest. His father was born in Massa-\\nchusetts in 1796, of French ancestry, and his mother was born in\\nNew York, of Irish descent, They are both still living. He was\\nborn and raised on a farm. In the spring of 1858 he removed with\\nhis parents to Niagara Co., Canada. When 21 years of age he\\nwent to Porter Co., Ind., and engaged in farming for himself.\\nAfter residing there two years he went to Sanilac Co., Mich., where\\nhe remained 30 years, and then removed to Brady tp., in the spring\\nof 1874. He bought 60 acres of land on sec. 24, 57 of which are\\nunder cultivation. Nov. 14, 1846, he married Martha M., daugh-\\nter of Johanna Spencer, who was born in Rochester, N. Y., Oct. 4,\\n1830. They have had 12 children, 10 of whom are living John,\\nborn in Zorey tp., Canada, Feb. 3, 1849; the remainder were born\\nin Sanilac tp., Sanilac Co., Mich.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mary A., born Oct. 22, 1851;\\nWilliam II., born Dec. 8, 1853; Walter, born April 4, 1855; James,\\nborn June 16. 1857; Luther, born May 4, 1859; Calvin, born Jan.\\n4, 1861; Martha M., born March 16, 1863 Abigail, born July 4,\\n1866, and George, born Aug. 5, 1871. In politics Mr. D. is a Re-\\npublican, and himself and wife are members of the M. E. Church.\\nThe deceased are Roxena and Sarah.\\nJohn Healey, an enterprising farmer of Brady tp., was born in\\nDuncliffe Parish, County Sligo, Ireland, in 1824, and is a son of\\nMatthew and Catherine Healey. He was reared and educated in\\nIreland, and in 1850 came to America. After residing one and a\\nhalf years in New York city, he came to Brady tp., and can be\\nclassed among its hardy pioneers. He owns 400 acres of land.\\nHe was married Jan. 26, 1852, to Bridget O Connor, daughter of\\nMichael and Catherine O Connor, of Ireland. They have 6 chil-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0735.jp2"}, "732": {"fulltext": "746 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ndren Matthew, Bernard, Martin, John, Margaret A. and Cath-\\nerine. The family are members of the Roman Catholic Church,\\nat Oakley, to the building of which Mr. Ilealey was a liberal con-\\ntributor. He is a strong advocate of the principles of Democracy.\\nSamuel F. Hoffman, of Sackrider Hoffman, merchants, Oak-\\nley, Mich., was born in Herkimer Co., N. Y., May 19, 1835. His\\nparents were John and Anise (Farmer) Hoffman. Samuel F. grew\\nto manhood in Ohio, and in 1857 went to Delhi, Ingham Co.,\\nMich., where he was engaged in business for seven years. He\\nthen engaged in agricultural pursuits for two years, at the expira-\\ntion of which time he went to Havana, operating a grist-mill\\nthere for two years. He then came to Oakley, and formed a\\npartnership with George W. Sackrider, in the meraantile trade.\\nHe was married March, 1866, to Ida Polhemus, who was born near\\nBatavia, N. Y., Dec. 25, 1845. Of the 7 children given them, 6\\nare living Carrie E., Julia L., Clarence, Lester, Marsh and Floyd.\\nJennie is deceased. Mr. Hoffman was Postmaster at Delhi for\\nquite a period. He is a Mason, and politically a Democrat.\\nMichael Keyes, one of the oldest and most successful farmers in\\nBrady tp., was born in Kilkenny Co., Ireland, and came to this\\ncountry in the spring of 1849. He settled in Niagara Co., 1ST. Y.,\\nwhere he remained three years, and then came to Brady tp., in the\\nfall of 1852, and bought 120 acres of Government land on sec. 26.\\nHe now owns 320 acres, 80 of which are under cultivation. He\\nowns a nice residence and barn valued at $3,600. He has 5 children\\nCatherine, Nicholas, Jennie, William and Ellen. In politics he\\nis a Democrat. The family are members of the Roman Catholic\\nChurch.\\nJohn Kidney, jr., son of John, sr., and Melinda (Butler) Kidney,\\nwas born at Rockport, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, May. 3, 1830. He was\\nborn and raised on a farm, and at the age of 25 learned the cooper s\\ntrade, which he worked at for five years. He was married in\\nSpencer tp., Lucas Co., Ohio, Oct. 5, 1855, to Harriet Coon, who\\nwas born in Oswego Co., N. Y., Nov. 13, 1836, and is a daughter of\\nProsser and Charilla Coon. They have 4 children Eugene E.,\\nborn in Erie Co., Ohio, May 27, 1857; Elmer E., born in Lucas Co.,\\nOhio, July 1, 1860; Irving A., born in Erie Co., Ohio, Jan. 1,\\n1865; and Edith C, born in Brady tp., Sept. 1, 1873. Mr. K.\\ncame to Brady tp. in 1865, and bought 120 acres of land in sec. 24.\\nThe country was quite new and very thinly settled when he came\\nhere. He has cleared 60 acres of land alone. He has held the office\\nof Tp. Treasurer two years, also school offices for several terms.\\nIn politics he is a Republican.\\nPatrick Koyne, a prominent citizen of Brady tp., was born in\\nCapitagel Parish, County Galway, Ireland, in 1820. His parents were\\nEdward and Mary Koyne. In 1843 Patrick emigrated to America,\\nand remained on a farm in Dutchess Co., N. Y., for nine years.\\nAfter two years in Boston, and about one year in New York, he\\ncame to Saginaw county, and enjoys the honor of being the third", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0736.jp2"}, "733": {"fulltext": "BRADY TOWNSHIP. 747\\nperson to locate in Brady tp. He was married in 1849 to Marga-\\nret O Connor, and of the S children born to them, 7 are\\nLiving Edward, Mary, John, Margaret, Catherine, Thomas and\\nAlice. Mr. Koyne and family are members of the Roman Catho-\\nlic Church. Mr. K. is a Democrat, and owns 320 acres of land on\\nsees. 28 and 33.\\nDaniel Mahoney, foreman in the Oakley Stave and Heading\\nfactory, was born in Clinton Co.. N. Y., May 10, 1*47. His\\nparents, Jeremiah and Catherine Mahoney, were natives of Ireland,,\\nand emigrated to the United States in 1S40. Daniel received his\\neducation in the Academy at Plattsburg, N. Y. In 1870 he went\\nto St. Clair, Mich., where he served a three years apprenticeship\\nat the carpenter and joiner s trade. He assumed his present posi-\\ntion Jan. 1, 1880. He was married May 10, 1875, to Katie,\\ndaughter of James and Mary Ryan. Mrs. Mahoney was born in\\nClinton Co., N. Y., Feb. 17, 1857. One child born to them is de-\\nceased. Mr. Mahoney is Democratic in politics, and owns 80 acres of\\nland in St. Charles tp., and the same amount in Swan Creek tp.\\nHimself and wife are members of the Catholic Church.\\nArnold W. Miller, sr., a respected pioneer of Brady tp., was\\nborn at Westfield, Orleans Co., Vt., Nov. 9, 1823. His parents\\nwere Simpson and Rouena (Wells) Miller, natives of Windham\\nCo., Vt. Here these parents reared a family of 13 children. 7 boys\\nand 6 girls, of which there are living 5 boys and 2 girls, and here\\nMr. Miller passed his days until 21, when he left the home of his\\nnativity and procured work in the manufactory of Ames Co.,\\nAbbottville (now Chicopee), Mass. Here he remained for two or\\nthree years and then learned the molder s trade, and went to work\\nfor Sizer Co., Springfield, Mass. From there he went to Cleve-\\nland, Ohio, and worked four years for the same firm. Returning to\\nVermont he purchased a farm, worked on it through the winter,,\\nbecame disgusted with the long cold winters, returned to Cleve-\\nland, worked in the shop and foundry for a while, became tired of\\nthe business and embarked in the grocery trade; having no experi-\\nence and a poor partner, he soon ran the commercial race to an\\nend. Mr. Miller then determined to locate permanently. He\\nmade a trip to Iowa, did not like the prairie lands, returned and\\ndetermined to try Michigan.\\nHe therefore, with his family, left Ohio for Michigan, arriving 1\\nat Chesaning, Sept. 12, 1854. He located 320 acres of land on sees.\\n14 and 23, which he improved until it is now of great value. Ete\\nmoved upon his land in October, 1854, and began life anew. He\\ncleared four acres the following spring and raised some corn and\\npotatoes. His family were taken with the ague in the fall, and he\\nwas compelled (there being no help in the country procurable) to\\nremain in the house four weeks, and as soon as they were well, he\\nwas taken down and remained in his bed for more than a month.\\nFrom this time on, by hard labor and economy he continued to\\nprosper, and gave to each of his sons 80 acres of land.\\n45", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0737.jp2"}, "734": {"fulltext": "748 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMr. Miller, at the breaking out of the war, concluded to give his\\nservices, and life if need be, to his country, and enlisted in Co. Gr,\\n3d Mich. Cav.; served four years and five months, and was honor-\\nably discharged at Jackson, Mich., March 12, 1866. He has filled\\nvarious tp. offices, and all of them with credit to himself and\\nhonor to his fellow men. He is a strong Republican and a member\\nof the P. of H.\\nHe was married in March, 1847, to Philanda Baldwin, who was\\nborn near Springfield, Mass., Oct. 22, 1824. Five children have\\nbeen given them, namely: Helen, wife of Andrew Hamilton, born\\nMarch 19, 1849; Chas. A., born Jan. 9, 1854; Arnold W., jr., born\\nDec. 22, 1856, and married Emma Conger; Rachel, born July 10,\\n1861, and Carrie P., wife of Albert Conger, born Dec. 31. 1862.\\nMr. Miller s portrait is given on page 293 of this volume.\\nMarcus Morris is a descendant of Arthur Morris, a Scotchman,\\nwho accompanied his two brothers, Cyrus W. and Nathaniel, from\\nEngland to America in 1749. Nathaniel settled in the Southern\\nStates, where he lived and died. Arthur and Cyrus W. settled in\\nAllegheny Co., Pa., whore both died. Robert Morris, the father of\\nMarcus, was born in Lancaster Co., Pa., Nov. 25, 1S19, and his\\nwife, Ellen, was born in Columbia Co., O., in 1824. They were\\nmarried in 1842, and now reside in Hillsdale Co., Mich. Marcus\\nMorris was born in Columbia Co., O., April 17, 1852. He followed\\nschool-teaching for three years, and Nov. 25, 1879, he came to Oak-\\nley and opened a drug store. He is a member of the I. O. O. F.\\nand Masonic fraternities, and votes with the Republican party. He\\nwas married May 7, 1874, to Katrina A. Roberts, who was born in\\nHillsdale Co., Mich., Dec. 3, 1855. Her parents were Charles and\\nAurilla Roberts, the former of whom served 3( years as\\nconductor on the P., Ft. W. C, F. P. M., and P. G. W. rail-\\nroads. He volunteered his services as nurse during the prevalence\\nof the yellow fever in Memphis in 1879, and died three days after\\nhis arrival there. Four children have been given Mr. and Mrs.\\nMorris, 3 of whom are living Bertha E., born July 29, 1876,\\nAurilla, born April 2, 1878, and Mabel, born Sept. 13, 1880.\\nWinifred is deceased. Mr. Morris r\u00c2\u00bbnd wife are members of the\\nM. E. Church.\\nNelson Phy, second son of Nicholas and Betsy (Plank) Phy, was\\nborn in Knollsville, Orleans Co.,N. Y., May 18, 1830. He was born\\nand reared on a farm, until, at the age of 17, he learned the car-\\npenter and joiner s trade, at which he worked for 16 years. He moved\\nto Troy tp., Oakland Co., Mich., in the fall of 1834, where he resided\\n20 years, during which time he was married Dec. 25, 1852, to Caroline\\nM. Newton, daughter of Isaac Newton, born May 4, 1834, in Massa-\\nchusetts. He came to Brady tp. Dec. 18, 1854, and bought 160 acres of\\nland on sec. 24,115 of which are undercultivation. He is one of the\\noldest settlers in Brady tp. When he arrived winter had set in,\\nhe had no team, no house, no provisions, and just $20 to procure\\nthem with. He worked two vears without a team, during which", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0738.jp2"}, "735": {"fulltext": "BRADY TOWNSHIP. 749\\ntime he cleared 12 acres of land, on which he raised corn, potatoes,\\netc.; his potatoes he dug with a grubbing hoe; his corn yielded\\nvery largely, having 156 bushels of ears per acre. He has 2 chil-\\ndren, both born in Brady tp. John N., born Nov. 11, 1856, and\\nWilliam Sydney, born Oct. 30, 1859. Mr. Phy also served in the\\narmy of the Cumberland over four years. He enlisted in Chesa-\\nning, Saginaw Co., Mich., in October, 1861, in Co. G, 3d Regt. Mich.\\nCaw, under Capt. T. V. Quackenbush, and was engaged in 42 bat-\\ntles and skirmishes. After serving over two years he re-enlisted\\nin the Veteran Corps, and served altogether about four and one-\\nhalf years, lie is a Republican.\\nHon. Geovije M. Sackrider, merchant, Oakley, Mich., was born\\nin Jackson Co., Mich., Sept. 8, 1842, and is a son of Christian\\nand Jane A. Sackrider. Mr. Sackrider passed his youth on a farm,\\nreceiving his education in the Grass Lake union schools. In 1868\\nhe engaged in the mercantile and lumber trade at Mason, Ingham\\nCo., Mich., and in 1870 put a saw-mill into operation at Oakley.\\nIn Feb. 1875, he entered into the mercantile trade with S..F. Hoff-\\nman, lie was married Jan. 26, 1869, to Ellen E. Clark, who was\\nborn at Hamilton, Canada, Nov. 5, 1847, and is a daughter of\\nPeter S. and Ellen E. Clark. Of the 6 children given them, 5 are\\nliving Jane E., George P., Emmett, Charles and Louis. Fred is\\ndeceased. Mr. Sackrider has served one term in the Legislature,\\nand filled various tp. offices. He is a Mason, a Democrat and\\na large land-owner.\\nWilliam Smeaton, one of the most valiant defenders of the Union\\nduring the late unpleasantness, was born in Burthshire, Scotland,\\nOct. 5, 1840. His parents, Alexander and Catherine Smeaton, im-\\nmigrated to America in 1855, and first located in New York citv.\\nAfter residing at the latter place one year, they removed to Canada,\\nwhere William grew to manhood. In 1861 they settled in Saginaw\\ncounty, and Sept. I, 1S64, William enlisted in Co. C, 29th Reg.\\nMich. Vol. Inf., and at the battle of Decatur, Alabama, on Oct. 26,\\n1864, he was severely wounded, and was finally discharged June\\n5, 1865. He has received quite a sum of back pay, and draws\\na pension of $ls monthly. He was married Oct. 1,1858, to Sarah\\nPatterson, who bore him 1 child, Mary A., wife of Henry Griffus.\\nMrs. Smeaton died in Oct., 1863, and Mr. Smeaton was again mar-\\nried, Nov. 9, 1*67, to Mary E. Lowe, daughter of David and Sarah\\nJ. Lowe, and born at Geneseo, Livingston Co., N. Y., March 23,\\n1851. This union has been blessed with 6 children, 5 of whom are\\nliving Robert D., Alexander, Ettie A., Mary E. and David. Sarah\\nis deceased. Mr. Smeaton is a loyal Republican.\\nAlamo Snow, hardware merchant, Oakley, was born in Vermont,\\nMarch 18, 1832, and seven years later accompanied his parents to\\nChicago, 111., where he was reared and educated. He was married Feb.\\nS, 1^64, to Loie Peck, who was born at Bologna, N. Y., March 23,\\n1*44. Two children have been given them Edie, born Aug. 4,\\n1872, and George (deceased). In 1874 Mr. Snow came to Oakley,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0739.jp2"}, "736": {"fulltext": "750 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nand for two years was engaged in operating a saw-mill, after which\\nhe established his present business. He is a Mason, and a member\\nof the Democratic party.\\nSamuel H. Whitney, farmer, sec. 10; P. O., Chesaning; was born\\nat Chester, Rutland Co., Vt., April 15, 1831. His parents were\\nJohn and Sarah Whitney, natives of Massachusetts, the former of\\nwhom served in the war of 1812, and died in 1867. Samuel grew\\nto mature years in Ohio. He attended the Geauga Academy, and\\nsubsequently went to Texas, where he taught school one year.\\nIn February, 1854, he came to Brady tp. During the late war,\\nhe was Provost Marshal of Brant, Brady and Fremont tps.\\nHe has filled several tp. offices, and is connected with the\\nI. O. O. F. and the Republican party. He was married Jan. 24,\\n1854, to Maria Patterson, daughter of John and Eliza Patterson,\\nnatives of Cayuga Co. N. Y. Five children have been sent to\\nseal this alliance John M., who married Sarah Shroeder; James\\nF., married to Luna Parker: Adeline E., wife of George Gates;\\nMary and Alice L. Mr. Whitney was schoolmate of James A.\\nGarfield.\\nStephen W. Wickham, son of Josiah D. and Maria WickVmn,\\nwas born in Onondaga Co., N. Y., July 29, 1837, and when an in-\\nfant accompanied his parents to Washtenaw Co., Mich. In 1840\\nhis mother died, and when seven years of age he went to live with\\nJohn C. South worth, of Jackson Co., Mich., Math whom he re-\\nmained till of age. On Aug. 9, 1862, he enlisted in Co. K, 3d.\\nMich. Cav., and was honorably discharged June 10, 1865. In\\n1871 he came to Oakley, and for six years owned a half interest in\\nthe stave and heading factory. In 1879 he opened a grocery store,\\nwhich he still owns. He was married March 6, 1861, to Caroline\\nCook, who died in April, 1862. He was again married, Aug. 22,\\n1866, to Ida F. Converse, who was born in Jackson Co., Mich.,\\nAug. 9, 1850, and is a daughter of Perrin and Mary Converse.\\nThey have 3 children Henry C, Freddie and Judson P. Mr.\\nWickham is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Green-\\nback party.\\nChester F. Wright, merchant, Oakley, Mich., was born in Erie\\nCo., N. Y., April 10, 1828, and is a son of Phineas R. and Martha\\n(Richardson) Wright, natives of Vermont and New York. When\\n13 years old Mr. Wright accompanied his parents to Jackson Co.,\\nMich., where he was raised. When 18 years of age he bought\\nhis time (his labor until 21) for $150, and started in business\\nat burning lime, which he continued until 1873, when he sold\\nout, and opened a store at Oakley. lie was married, November,\\n1S52, to Abigail Raymond, who bore .him 10 children. Three sur-\\nvive Martha A. Charles C. and Edwin. Mr. Wright is a mem-\\nber of the I. O. O. F. lodge at Oakley, also of the Encampment.\\nHe is Democratic in politics, and an enterprising business man\\nand citizen.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0740.jp2"}, "737": {"fulltext": "BRANT TOWNSHIP.\\nThis section of the county is most favorably circumstanced so\\nfar a the quality of its lands, the number of its water-courses, and\\nthe purity of its flowing wells may be considered. The settlement\\nof the township has been slow indeed: thousands of acres of its\\nfertile soil are still untouched by the plowshare; other resources\\nare still waiting upon enterprise to offer up their stores of wealth;\\nthe land summons the industrious to its embrace, and demands, as\\nit were, that within the next decade the present population of 860\\nshall be increased centum per centum, the district developed, and\\nits place among the more important sections of the county in-\\nsured. V\\nFrancis M. Cobb operates a steam saw-mill in this township,\\nand George Severns a similar mill on the town line.\\nPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS.\\nThe undulations of the land are more marked than those of any\\nother portion of the county. The soil is a sandy loam generally,\\nwith large tracts of black loam and clay subsoil. Bad river and its\\ntributary streams may be said to course through every section.\\nThe main stream has its source in the southeastern sections of\\n.Marion, enters the township at the northwest quarter of section\\n31. and. flowing northeasterly, courses through sections 29, 21,22,\\n14. and 13. The North Branch of Bad river has its head-waters\\nin the northeastern sections of the adjoining township of Marion.\\nThis stream flows in a zigzag course through the northern sections\\nof Brant, and forms a confluence with the larger stream in St.\\nCliarles township. Great and Little Potato creeks rise in the\\ntownship of Marion, and, like Bad river, with which their waters\\nconjoin in section 1-t of this township, flow in a northeasterly\\ncourse Many rivulets, supplied by the flowing wells, aid in be-\\nstowing upon this portion of Saginaw a fair quantity of good\\nwater.\\nThe flowing, or Artesian, wells of the township are not the\\nLeast important feature among its physical characteristics. In\\nBorne places the water forced its way to the surface, and formed for\\nitself, in the course of years, natural channels through which it\\nmight rush forward t join some parent stream. The average\\ndepth f a boring necessary to obtain a supply of Artesian water\\nat any location in the township is said to be from 60 to 300 feet.\\nIn some situations the water has been reached at a depth of 25\\nfeet.\\n(751)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0741.jp2"}, "738": {"fulltext": "752 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nORGANIC.\\nAs early as 1857 an application was made to the county board\\nby 19 electors of this township, asking that the territory now\\nknown as Brant and Marion should be organized as a township\\nunder the former name. The board considered the application\\nduring its session of January, 1858, and on the 8th of that month\\nacceded to all which the first settlers demanded in it. The follow-\\ning is a copy of the act of organization:\\nIt appearing to the Board of Supervisors that application has heen made, and\\nthat notice thereof has been signed, posted up and published, as in manner re-\\nquired by law, and having duly considered the matter of said application, the\\nBoard orders and enacts that the territory described in said application, as follows,\\nto wit: Township number ten (10) north of range nutnbsr one (1) east, and town-\\nship number ten (10) north, of range number two (2) east, be, and the same is here-\\nby erected into a township, to be called and known by the name of the township ot\\nBrant.\\nThe first annual meeting thereof shall be held at the house now occupied by\\nAlbert A. Aldrich, on the first Monday of April, A. D. 1858, and at said meeting,\\nJohn B. Adams, Ezra T. Cogswell and Thomas Berry, three electors of said town-\\nship, shall be the persons Avhose duty it shall be to preside at such meeting,appoint\\nclerk, open and keep the polls, and exercise the same power as the inspectors of\\nelection at any township meeting, as the law provides.\\nThe 15 members of the supervisors board present were unani-\\nmous in support of the motion to grant the application.\\nThe first township meeting was held April 5, 1858, at the house\\nof Albert A. Aldrich, with Ezra T. Cogswell, Moderator; Bradley\\nAdams, Clerk; Charles H. Cogswell, Assistant Clerk, and John\\nB.Adams, Ezra T. Cogswell and Thomas Berry, Inspectors of Elec-\\ntion. Two hundred and twenty votes were recorded in the aggre-\\ngate, but in reality there were only 19 citizen voters present:\\nThomas Berry was elected Supervisor; John B. Adams, Clerk;\\nEzra T. Cogswell, Treasurer; Bushrod W. Lamb, Bradley Adams,\\nJason B. Eldridge, Columb. L. Luther, Jason P. Eldridge and\\nBenjamin Colville, Justices of the Peace; Alpheus Oliver and Brad-\\nley Adams, School Inspectors; Purchase R. Hill, Albert A. Al-\\ndrich, Charles H. Cogswell and G. M. Campfield, Constables, and\\nBradley Adams, Overseer of the Poor. Bushrod W. Lamb was\\nappointed Overseer of the Poor by the township board April 21,\\n1858, vice Bradley Adams, resigned. The new officer had very\\nlittle trouble with the office, as there were none so poor as to re-\\nquire his aid, and the township was too distant from the great\\nhighways to warrant a visit from the ordinary tramps.\\nIn the following list the names of the principal township officers\\nare given with, the dates of their services:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nThomas Berrv 1858- 60\\nJohn B. Adams lSGl-^\\nLevi W. Berry 1863\\nStephen Crane 1684- 7\\nWinsor Crane 1868- 9\\nThomas Berry 1870\\nGeo. Ward 1871- 2\\nPerrv Crane 1873\\nGeo/Ward 1874- 7\\nB.J. Downing 1878\\nGeo. Ward... 1879\\nGiles McKeon 1880\\nDavid J. Webb 1881", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0742.jp2"}, "739": {"fulltext": "BRANT TOWNSHIP\\nCLERKS.\\nJohn B. Adams 1858\\nW. Berry 1859\\nStephen Crane 1800\\nJohn I). Slider 1861\\nCharles II. Cogswell 1862\\nFranklin Berry 1863\\nPerry Crane l864- 7\\nGiles McKeou 1868- 70\\nB. J. Downing 1871- 2\\nHamilton Winter 187S- 7\\nJames Hart 1878\\nWinsor Crane 1879\\nHamilton Winter 1880\\nAdam Higler 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nEzra T. Cogswell 1858\\nColumn. L. Luther 1859- 60\\nLevi W. Berry 186l- 2\\nJason P. Eldridge 1863\\nLevi K. Perry j 1fir\\nJason P. Eldridge 1804\\nL. K. Perry 1865- 6\\nGeorge Ward !867- 9\\nWinsor Crane 1870\\nJason P. Eldridge 1871\\nIra Smith 1872\\nWinsor Crane 1873- 8\\nPerry Crane 1879- 80\\nGeo. Price 1881\\nJUSTICES.\\nBushrod W. Lamb, Bradley\\nAdams and Jason P. Eldridge. 185s\\nEzra T. Cogswell 1859\\nrod W. Lamb 1860\\nStephen Crane 1861\\nrrin I.imbocker 1862-\\nEzra T. Cogswell 1s ;4\\nStephen !rane 1865\\nThomas Perry 1866\\nGeo. Ward. 1867\\nOrrin Limhocker 1868\\nStephen Crane 1869\\nJason P. Eldridge 1870\\nFranklin Berry. 1871\\nColumb. L. Luther 1872\\nIra Smith 1873\\nWinsor Crane 1874\\nFranklin Berrv 1875\\nElkanah King* 1876\\nJason P. Eldridge 1877\\nJames Hart l*7s\\nAllen McDougal 1879\\nDaniel Thompson 1880\\nJames E. Brady, C. L. Luther. .1881\\nThe officers elected at the annual meeting, April 4, 1881, are as\\nfollows: David J. Webb, Supervisor; Adam C. Higler, Clerk;\\nGeorge Price, Treasurer; James E. Brady, Justice for full term;\\nColumbus L. Luther, Justice to fill vacancy; Charles L. Huntley,\\nCommissioner of Highways; Reuben Montague, School Superin-\\ntendent; Joseph A\\\\ naley. School Inspector; Win. H. Smith, Drain\\nCommissioner; Charles Griffith, Charles Sweatland, Francis M.\\nCobb and Judson Sorrel! Constables.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThe schools of the township are seven in number. The number\\nof children of school age is 334. The number reported in attend-\\nance during the year 1880 was 233. The school property is valued\\nat -8:2,375. The number of teachers employed is 12, three of whom\\nare male teachers. The total expenditures for the year ending\\nSeptember, 1880, was $1,^86.10. The amount derived from the\\nprimary school fund is about $150; the balance is derivable from\\nthe two-mill tax and direct taxation for school purposes.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0743.jp2"}, "740": {"fulltext": "754\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nEARLY LAND-BUYERS.\\nThe names of those who patented the lands of the township are\\nas follows:\\nJohn Morgan, sec. 1, Dec. 11, 1850.\\nAlfred Gary, sec. 1, Dec. 11, 1847.\\nStephen Smith, sec. 1, Sept. 23, 1850.\\nJames Dooner, sec. 2, Sept. 23, 1850.\\nRuby A. Ward, sec. 2, June 3, 1850.\\nG. W. Williams, sec. 2, March 28, 1837.\\nJas. Eraser, sees. 2 and 3, Mar. 28, 1837.\\nG. W. Williams, sec. 3, March 28, 1837.\\nHannah Turner, sec. 4, Sept. 23, 1850.\\nFred. H. Stevens, sec. 4, May 9, 1837.\\nJoseph Reinart, sec, 4, Sept, 23, 1850.\\nWin. W. Bowles, sec. 4, Sept. 23, 1850.\\nPeter Grogon, sec. 4, Sept. 23, 1850.\\nHiram Sullivan, sec. 4, rept. 23, 1850.\\nBradley Adorns, sec. 5, June 17, 1854,\\nand Aug. 17, 1855.\\nAlpheus Oliver, sec. 5, Nov. 5, 1851.\\nJohn II. Yawkey, sec. 5, Feb. 27, 1854.\\nG-eorge Parker, sec 5, Sept. 5, 1853.\\nJos. T. Copeland, sec. 6, Sept. 13, 1853.\\nCharles N. Ryan, sec. 6, Dec. 21, 1853.\\nEzra T. Cogswell, sec. 6, Oct. 21, 1851.\\nStephen Bernard, sec. 6. Jan 18, 1855.\\nOti- F. Smith, sec. 7, Nov. 4, 18)4.\\nWin. S. Patrick, sec. 7, Dec. 26, 1854.\\nSam l R. Howe, sec. 8, Dec. 22, 1851.\\nG. W Williams, sec. 9, March 23, 1837.\\nJames Fraser, sec. 9, March 28, 1837.\\nGilford Hunt, sec. 9, Feb. 9, 1855.\\nLewis Penoyer, sec. 9, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nJesse Willes, sec. 10, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nG. W. Williams, sec. 10, March 28, 1837.\\nJ. Fraser,. sees. 10 and 11, Mar. 28, 1837.\\nJohn McEachin, sec. 11, Nov. 20, 1809.\\nSam l W. Yawkey, sec. 11, Apr. 19, 1854.\\nG. W. Williams, sec. 11, March 28, 1837.\\n12,\\nWm. P. Allen, sec. 12, March 2, 1852.\\nJames Fraser, sec. 12, March 28, 1837.\\nJohn S. Bagg, sec. 12 April 17, 1837.\\nOliver S. Jones, sec 12, March 10, 1S53.\\nOrsamus Long, sec. 13, Jan. 16, 1837.\\nChas. N Ryan, sec. 13, June 21, 1853.\\nGard D. Williams, sec. 13, Jan. 16, 1837.\\nAlpheus Williams, 13,\\n14,\\nGard. D Williams, 14,\\nG. W. Williams, sec. 14, March 28, 1837.\\nJames Fraser, sec. 14, March 28, 1837.\\nJoseph G. Bagg, sec. 14, April 17, 1837.\\nGardner D. Williams, Ephraitn S. Will-\\niams. James Fraser, Norman Little,\\nCharles H. Carroll and William T.\\nCarroll, sec. 14, Aug. 25, 1836.\\nG.W v^ illiams, sec. 15, March 28, 1837.\\nJames Fraser, sec. 15, March 28, 1837.\\nHomer Watkins, Gardner D. Williams,\\nFphraiui S. Williams, James Fraser,\\nNorman Little and Charles H. Car-\\nroll, sec. 15, Oct. 28 and Nov. 28, 1854.\\nWm. T. Carroll, sec. 15, Aug. 25, 1836.\\nLevi Berry, sec. 15, Sept 8, 1855.\\nHenry B. Lee, sec. 17, Oct. 27, 1854.\\nJackson A. Aldridge, sec. IS, Dec. 2, 1854.\\nGeorge Baker, sec. 19, Sept. 12, 1855.\\nStephen Cran*, sec. 20, Oct. 9, 1854.\\nMynder W. Quackenbush, sec. 20, Oct.\\n26, 1854.\\nCharles Miller, sec. 20, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nJoseph J. Maiden, sec. 21. Nov. 6, 1837.\\nDut can Crane, sec. 21. Oct, 27, 1854.\\nVan Rensellaer Durfee, sec. 21, Oct. 27,\\n1854.\\nHiram Bailey, sec. 21, Jan. 9, 1852.\\nGardner D. Williams, Ephraim S. Will-\\niams, James Fraser, Norman Little,\\nCharles H. Carroll and William T.\\nCarroll, sec. 22, Aug. 25. 1836.\\nG. W. Williams, sec. *2, March 28, 1837.\\nJames Fraser. sec. 22, March 28, 1837.\\nPatrick Gorman, sec. 22, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nJohn R. Grout, sec. 22, July 6, 1838.\\nEdmund Green, sec. 22, Oct. 26, 1854.\\nPeter Teachotit, sec. 23, May 8, 1855.\\nHi rani T. Ferris, sec. 23, Jan. 7, 1854.\\nGardner D.Williams, Ephraim S.Will-\\niams, James Fraser, Norman Little,\\nCharles H. Carroll and William T.\\nCarroll, sec. 23, Au r. 25, 1836.\\nEphraim Butler, sec. 23, Nov. 23. 1854.\\nGeorge Warren, sec. 23, Dec. 11, 1854.\\nAlb t G. W. Smith, sec. 24, Oct. 19. 1854.\\nEdmund Spear, sec. 24, Oct, 26, 1854.\\nFred. J. Lee, sec. 24, Oct, 27, 1854.\\nJames Allen, sec 25, Sept. 19, 1853\\nWm. R. Tayer, sec. 25, Oct, 14, 1854.\\nDauiel Pierce, sec. 26, Dec. 21, 1854.\\nW. August. Smith, sec. 27, Oct. 27, 1854.\\nPicpont L Smith, sec. 27, (Jet. 19, 1854.\\nGeorge Swim, sec. 27, Dec. 8, 1854.\\nGeorge W. Lee, sec. 28, Oct. 19, 1854.\\nAlpheus Oliver, sec 29, Jan. 19, 1852.\\nH. J. Yanakin, sec 29, March 15, 1853.\\nElizabeth Yanakin, sec. 29, Mar. 15, 1853.\\nCharles Ford, sec. 29, Dec. 28, 1854.\\nH. J. Yanakin, sec. 29, May 25, 1853.\\nLemuel Brown, sec 29, March 21, 1837.\\nL. D. Calkins, sec 30, Dec. 30, 1854.\\nHenry H. Lytle, sec. 30, March 15, 1853.\\nFred. McNeal, sec. 30, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nJ. H. Quackenbush, sec. 30, Dec 12, 1854.\\nZenas Morse, sec. 31, March 21, 1837.\\nH. J. Yanakin, sec. 31, March 15, 1853.\\nChas. N. Ryan, sec. 31, April 30, 1853.\\nJames O. Stevens, sec. 31, Dec 9, 1854.\\nAnson Sheldon, sec. 31, Aug. 8, 1853.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0744.jp2"}, "741": {"fulltext": "BRANT TOWNSHIP\\n755\\nPerry Fleming, sec. 31, Dec 13, 1\\nE. S. Cobb. sec. 33, Dec. 19, 18:30.\\nZenae Morse, Bee. 3*3, March 21, 1837.\\nBarvey Miller, sec 32, March 21, ls::7.\\nB. W. Lamb, sec. 32, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nSolomon Tobias, sec 33. Dec. 2, 1854.\\nVolnev Chapin, sec. 33, May 8, 1854.\\nJohn Drake, sec. 33, Dec. 14, is:,}.\\n.(no Teachout, jr., sec. 34. April 7, 1855.\\nLeonard Taylor, sec. 34, Dec. 18, 1854.\\nDaniel Pierce, sue. 35, ct. 14, 1854.\\nOnly 10 of this large number of original purchasers ever dwelt\\non the land. Through them it has passed into the possession of the\\npresent occupying proprietary.\\nClem. S. Johnson, sec. 35, Oct. 18, 1854.\\nIsaac M. Chipman, sec. 35, Oct. 27, 1854,\\nAnson B. Chipman, sec. 35, Oct. 27, 1854.\\nMethuselah Jones sec. 35, Oct. 4, 1853,\\nand Oct. 27, 1854.\\nSamuel Stickney, sec. 35, Nov. 28, 1854.\\nJames C. Fuller, sec. 36, Oct 26 and\\nDec. 2. 1854.\\nWillard Currier, sec. 36, Oct. 18, 1854,\\nand Jan. 26, 1855.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nThe brief sketches that follow are of pioneers and other repre-\\nsentative citizens of Brant township.\\nE. T. Cogswell, son of Asahel and Susan (Tyler) Cogswell, was\\nborn in 1804, in Scipio, Cayuga Co., K. Y. His parents were born\\nin Massachusetts, of English descent. He came West to Roches-\\nter in the summer of 1812, about the time war was declared against\\nGreat Britain. He was a farmer s boy and was ready to take a job\\nof chopping or cleaning, or tu do anything he could find. He\\ndrifted into Orleans county and worked around as a hired man\\namong the farmers, until the spring of 1826, when, having been\\nengaged to a farmer s daughter, he was married and for some time\\nworked with his father-in-law. Getting a little ahead in purse, he\\nhired a farm and commenced life for himself. His history for 25\\nyears following his marriage was full of vicissitudes, and was little\\nelse than a continued series of failures. During these years he was\\nalternately in Monroe, Ontario and Wayne counties, on different\\nfarms; and either from bad seasons, sickness, or, worse still, from\\nthe dishonesty and selfishness of men, soon found himself without\\nany of this world s goods.\\nAt one time he had been sick for several weeks and had not\\na single mouthful of food in his house for 24 hours, and at day-\\nlight in the morning he crawled out to the road, waylaid a\\nman in a wagon, and went six miles in his feebleness to a neigh-\\nbor to get something to eat for his starving wife and children, and\\non returning found his family almost distracted at his absence, and\\nthe neighbors had turned out to hunt him. In the spring of 1S52\\nhe set out for Michigan, forgetting the things that were behind,\\nthough fearing some of them. But the star of ill-luck had moved\\nfrom above them. He took up 320 acres in Brant and 160 acres in\\nChapin tps. This appeared to be a fortunate strike. Additions\\nin years following were made to this first purchase; the country\\ngrew and the family grew with it; two sons settled on farms near\\nby; daughters were given in marriage, and 14 years of life crept", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0745.jp2"}, "742": {"fulltext": "756 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nalong as well and as smoothly as the average of human life and con-\\ndition usually does. Success had come slowly but surely, and the\\nformer days of darkness were not remembered in the present joy\\nof the heart.\\nThings moved on smoothly and the spring of 1876 came around,\\nand it occurred to them that March would bring around their\\ngolden wedding day; and as they had not been given much to\\nwordly entertainments, they determined to celebrate it in good\\nstyle. The invitations were sent out, and the morning arrived,\\nand it was a beautiful morning; the guests came amid joy and\\ngreetings, and hearty welcomes, and all was ready for the beginning:\\nof the festivities,, when an unwelcome and uninvited guest made\\nhis appearance among the company and commanded the attention\\nof every one present. That unbidden guest was Death! As the\\nbride of 50 years arose to repeat the ceremony of her maiden vows\\nthere was a shriek and a fall, and Death had done his awful work.\\nInstead of the golden wedding it was the sundering of all earthly\\nties between Mr. Cogswell and his wife. The guests, after spend-\\ning most of the day in solemn thoughts and communion with one\\nanother, reluctantly, and with grief, left for their homes. Time\\nsoftened Mr. C. s grief, and again he took unto himself a helpmeet.\\nHe married Mrs. Abigail Woodward, of New York, daughter of\\nA. P. Merrill. Mr. C. had 4 sons, 2 of whom served in the Union-\\narmy; one of these, Charles H., is now living near the homestead,\\nand the other, George L., was killed at the battle of Gettysburg.\\nThe old gentleman is now 77 years of age, and still works his farm\\nwithout help! He is a Universalist and a Republican.\\nPerry Crane, farmer, sec. 20, was born in Elgin Co., Ontario,\\nCanada, in 1837; parents were Isaac and Sarah E. Crane; subject\\nof sketch was educated in the common schools; in 1858 bought 80\\nacres of land in Brant tp. price $300; gave one horse, valued at\\n$100, in part payment, and worked at carpenter s trade to pay re-\\nmainder; now owns 240 acres and house and barn worth several\\nthousand dollars; was Supervisor one term, Tp. Clerk three years\\nand Treasurer two years; in politics is Republican; in July, 1860 r\\nenlisted at East Saginaw in Co. F, 1st Mich. Vol. Inf., and was\\nseverely wounded at the battle of Gaines Mill; while in hospital\\nwas captured by rebels and held in Libby prison for 25 days; was\\nthen paroled, and after lying in hospital at Philadelphia for five\\nmonths, was discharged July 13, 1863; was married in 1863, to-\\nElizabeth Caughill of Canada; have 5 children William, Sherman,\\nIda May, Minnie and Jessie.\\nWinsor Crane, farmer, sec. 21, was born in Elgin Co., Province\\nof Ontario, Canada, April 8, 1839. His parents were John B. and\\nMary E. (Henneker) Crane, the former of whom was a native\\nof Canada, and the latter of England. Mr. Crane received a good\\neducation in Canada, and on Jan. 1, 1861, settled in Brant tp.\\nwhere he has since resided, engaged in lumbering and farming.\\nHe owns 157 acres of land: is a [Iniversalist in belief. He", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0746.jp2"}, "743": {"fulltext": "BRANT TOWNSHIP. 757\\nwas married in 1864 to Caroline E. Limbocker, a native of Michi-\\ngan, who died in Brant tp., Saginaw Co., May 15, 1865. Mr.\\nCrane was again married in 1S6S, to Sarah E. Mclntyre, whose\\nparents are natives of JN T ew York. They have been blessed with\\n4 children Bertha C, Maude M., Blanche E. and Chester M.\\nMr. Crane is a Republican in politics and has served his tp. in\\nalmost all of its local offices, among which are Supervisor two years,\\nTreasurer seven years, Clerk one year and Justice of the Peace four\\nyears, etc. He is one of the representative farmers of the county\\nand most substantial men of his tp.\\nThomas Minto, farmer, sec. 18, was born at Edinburgh, Scot-\\nland, and is a son of Andrew and Rachel (Ramage) Minto, the lat-\\nter of whom is a descendant of the old family of McGregors.\\nMr. Minto was a tobacco manufacturer and in comfortable circum-\\nstances, but having a large family of boys he determined to come to\\nAmerica, where each could learn a trade, and where wages were\\nmore remunerative than in Scotland. In 1851 he landed at\\nQuebec, and the next year settled at Hamilton, Ontario, where for\\nsometime he was employed as time-keeper at the water works. In\\n1869 he settled in Brant tp., and bought 120 acres of land, half of\\nwhich is now under cultivation. lie was married in 1830 to\\nElizabeth McAllister, of Edinburgh, Scotland, who is a descendant\\nof Sir Robert Bruce, and of the noble family of Sutherland.\\nThey have 9 children Andrew, Rachel, William, Eliza, David,\\nAdam, Thomas, James and Jennie. The first 7 are married and\\ndoing well, while the 2 youngest reside with their parents. Mr.\\nMinto is a Republican, and himself and wife are members of the\\nM. E. Church.\\nElka/nah Ring was born in 1809, and is a son of Elkanah and\\nSally (Cowan) Ring, the latter being a native of Massachusetts\\nand of English parentage. Mr. Ring was educated in Massachu-\\nsetts, and his occupation has been the manufacturing of wood\\nwork for machinery. He was a prominent Republican of the\\nBay State, and was three times a nominee for the Legislature,\\nbut the Republican party being in the minority in his district, he\\nwa8 thrice defeated. He was a member of the committee ap-\\npointed to revise the State Constitution, and of the County Board\\nfor six years. He was married in 1840, but his wife died in 1842.\\nIn 1844 he married Elizabeth Burr, who bore him 6 children,\\nand departed this life in 1868. He was married the third time in\\n1860, and 1 child was given them. Mrs. Ring 1 died in 1866.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0747.jp2"}, "744": {"fulltext": "BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP.\\nThis township was organized in 1848, under authority given by\\nthe Board of Supervisors. It forms a full township, with Buena\\nVista on the north, Tay mouth on the south, Frankenmuth on the\\neast, and Spalding on the west. The Cass river enters the town in\\nsection 25, and, flowing northwest through Bridgeport village, enters\\nSpalding township in section 18. The Flint Pere Marquette\\nJR. P. runs through the township. Fish creek and a few other\\nminor streams course through its sections. The land is capable of\\na high cultivation, and nothing but enterprise is necessary to raise\\nthe district equal to an}^ other section of the connty.\\nThe first actual settler in the township was A. Campeau; John\\nBiddle was the first purchaser of land; William Ellis and Matilda\\nLesia were the first parties married. Henry Campeau was the\\nfirst child born; the first death was that of Auri Campeau s father\\nand mother, who were carried off by the same disease which dec-\\nimated the Indian population in 1837.\\nEleazer Miller may be considered the first American pioneer of\\nthe township. Messrs. Ellis, Kenny, Welding, Garland, Cook, Sid-\\nney Campbell and Beach arrived shortly after and occupied their\\nhomesteads.\\nMr. Campeau built the first log house ever erected in the town-\\nship; the second was built by Sidney Campbell in 1836.\\nThe first church was built by the Congregationalists on section\\n16. Prof. Estabrook was the first visiting pastor. Subsequently\\nthe Union church was raised, and dedicated about the same time\\nthat the Congregationalists began worship in their new building.\\nOLD INDUSTRIES.\\nThe first industrial concern erected in the township was a steam\\nsaw-mill, built in 1849 by Thompson Green, on section 16. In\\n1856 C. A. Lull erected an extensive saw-mill on Cass river, near\\nthat of Thompson Green.\\nA shingle mill, built by Heidley on section 16, was used until\\nconverted into a blacksmith s shop by C. A. Lull. Subsequently\\nHeidley erected another mill, which, after a few years, he sold to a\\nMr. Pobinson, who in turn disposed of his interest to Christian\\nMessner.\\nD. A. Pettibone Co. erected a shingle mill and bored a salt\\nwell in 1862, but four years later the works were destroyed by\\nfire.\\nC. A. Lull s salt well was bored in 1*863 to a depth of 660 feet,\\nat an expense of $2,000. The work was conducted by Leonard\\n(758)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0748.jp2"}, "745": {"fulltext": "BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP. 759\\nBlake. Together with those mills there were three shingle fac-\\ntories, all of which have been destroyed by fire or permitted to\\ndecay.\\nNEW INDUSTRY.\\nThe only manufacturing establishment now in the township is a\\ngrist-mill, built by John and Martin Messner in 1878. It occu-\\npies the site of the old Heidley mill. This building is 30x40 feet,\\n20 feet high, engine room 20x40 feet, and, with machinery, cost\\n$5,000. There are two run of stone, one for flour and one for\\nfeed. 3,000 barrels of flour are manufactured annually, and 50\\nbushels of feed ground per day. The engine used is a 32-horse\\npower. Two salt wells are open, permitting thousands of barrels\\nof rich brine to go to waste. The ruins of old mills and salt\\nworks may be seen along the river, all telling of what Bridgeport\\ncould have been, and suggestive of what it may be in the near\\nfuture when enterprise will develop its resources.\\nThe first murders committed in the township were those by the\\nIndians previous to 1837. The first murder of a white man was\\nthat of Deputy Sheriff Dineen, by Win. B. Clark, in April, 1881.\\nThis murderer was also known as Walter E. Clark and by other\\nfalse names, but his true name is probably Chisolm. He was con-\\nvicted of horse-stealing and sentenced to the State s prison at Jack-\\nson for a term of 15 years. When asked what he had to say why\\nthe sentence of the court should not be pronounced, he protested\\nthat he was innocent of the charge made against him. He received\\nthe sentence with few signs of emotion. He is 57 years of age, so\\nthat the sentence is probably as good as a life sentence, and will\\nmeet with general approval of those acquainted with the baseness of\\nClark s character. It also saves the county the expense of trying\\nhim fur murder. If his residence at Jackson agrees with him, so\\nthat he may outlive the term of imprisonment for horse-stealing,\\nhe will be tried for the murder of Dineen, and doubtless returned\\nto the prison for the remainder of his life.\\nThere have been two or three cases of suicide in the township,\\nthe perpetrators seeking a mud-hole and a rope wherewith to end\\ntheir existence in this world.\\nCHURCHES.\\nThe following sketch was prepared by Mr. Pattee. It deals fully\\nwith the church history of Bridgeport:\\nThe first church in Bridgeport township was organized in 1844,\\nby Kev. Bracket, a Wesleyan Methodist. J. B. Garland was leader,\\nand the members were J. B. Garland and wife, Daniel Ellis and\\nwife, Mrs. Eleazer Miller, Peter Leasia, Alonzo Crosby and wife, and\\nseveral others. Mr. Payne was a local minister, who worked about\\nthree years at this point at clearing land for the settlers and other\\nlabor incident to a new country, and would preach on Sundays.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0749.jp2"}, "746": {"fulltext": "760 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nHe is said to have been a faithful pastor. He subsequently at-\\ntended the Wesleyan Theological Seminary, at Albion, where he\\nwas ordained. About 1850 he married Mary Abrams, of Mt. Morris,\\nGenesee Go., Mich. He went to Lower Saginaw in 1852, and a few\\nyears later died at Mt. Morris, where he was buried. His succes-\\nsor (in 1847) was Rev. Isaac Andrews, a good man and faithful\\nworker. Elder Jason Steele came here in 1850, and stayed until\\n1852 or 53. He subsequently went to California, where he de-\\nserted his chosen profession to fight for infidelity. About this\\ntime (1852 or 53) there was a frame school-house erected at Bridge-\\nport village, and the services were then held in that building.\\nAfter Mr. Steele left, the work was supplied by different preachers,\\nElder I. Andrews and others, till 1857, when Rev. Curtis Mosher\\ncame to East Saginaw, and extended his labors to Bridgeport vil-\\nlage. He was a successful revivalist, and did a good work at all\\npoints where he labored. Many were converted in Bridgeport, and\\na Methodist Episcopal class was organized from the new converts,\\nincluding the greater portion of the old Wesleyan class. Elder\\nMosher worked faithfully till 1860, when he was succeeded by the\\nRev. Brown, and the latter by Rev. H. O. Parker. Elder Gordon,\\nthe next preacher, is said to have been a good worker, and there\\nwere many additions to the Church under his zealous and well\\ndirected labors. In 1865 Rev. Crane located at Saginaw City, and also\\npreached in Bridgeport township. The latter was divided in two\\nclasses, one being at the village, presided over by D. F. Foster, and the\\nother in the south part of the township, with J. B. Garland as leader.\\nElder Crane and Mr. Foster did not agree about sundry matters,\\nand finally carried the quarrel among the members, breaking up\\nthe class. The following year the conference did not send any\\nminister to carry on the work.\\nAbout this time Rev. B. W. Zinney, a local preacher, and a ma-\\nson by trade, was working for C. A. Lull, the owner of the Bridge-\\nport Center House. He saw a good chance to start a class\\nand immediately went to work, forming a Methodist Protestant\\nclass of 18 members. Rev. Sullivan Clark was President of the\\nMichigan Conference; B. W. Zinney, Superintendent of the Sag-\\ninaw mission; Rev. A. Bradshaw, local minister, and Charles D.\\nPattee, class-leader. Many of the M. E. members joined the\\nclass, but a portion held aloof. Mr. Zinney was an illiterate\\nman, but an earnest, zealous worker. Mr. Bradshaw had formerly\\nbeen an able preacher in Canada, but had located in Bridgeport\\ntownship in his old age.\\nIn the fall of 1867 Rev. John T. Husted was sent as superin-\\ntendent. He was a young man of very good ability, and had just\\nbeen married. Before he came, the building of a church had begun\\nto be agitated. Mr. D. F. Foster proposed to organize an M. E.\\nclass, and negotiate with the Methodist Protestants about the erec-\\ntion of a church building. After several meetings Mr. Foster pre-\\nsented the plan he intended to adopt, which proposed that the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0750.jp2"}, "747": {"fulltext": "BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP. 761\\nMethodist Protestants should furnish half the means for building,\\nand should have the use of the house for preaching one appoint-\\nment each Sunday, and to use it such evenings as the M. E. class\\nmight designate, the church to be the latter s property. The\\nMethodist Protestants of course rejected this proposition, and the\\nconference ended. Mr. Foster then said he would build a church\\nhimself; so he paid a visit to Elder Richards (who had succeeded\\nRev. Crane, at Saginaw City), to consult him in the matter. He\\ncould not get the assistance from the M. E. Church that he desired,\\nbut Elder Richards advised him to see the members of the Congre-\\ngational Church. He did so, and raised four or five hundred dol-\\nlars, the present Congregational church being the final result of his\\nlabors.\\nElder A. C. Fuller succeeded Mr. Husted in the fall of 1866,\\nand organized a class at Zilwaukee, and another at Carrollton. This\\nsame year, the People s church was built, with material aid\\nfrom another organization. The latter denomination were to use\\nit when they wanted to, but any other denomination could have\\nthe use of it, provided their appointments would not conflict with\\nany already made.\\nIn 1869 Elder T. H. Beamish was pastor, and in 1S70 he was\\nsent again, with a young man named James Wilson as assistant.\\nThe same year the classes at Zilwaukee and Carrollton united with\\nthe M. E. Church, under the management of Rev. James Riley.\\nElder Beamish organized a class at Cass river bridge, called the\\nSouth Bridgeport class. In the fall of 1871 Rev. W. H. Bakewell\\nwas sent to minister to the people. He was an Englishman, a\\ngraduate of Oxford University, and rather eccentric in his ways.\\nHe had considerable trouble in his family, his wife showing marked\\nsigns of insanity, which latter seemed to affect the minister s mind.\\nHis work did not prosper, the Bridgeport class had been reduced,\\nby removals, to half a dozen members, and the South Bridgeport\\nclass was so weak it was concluded not to have any minister the\\nfollowing year.\\nIn 1873 Rev. James Riley came to Bridgeport Center, and\\npreached in the People s church, in the hope of organizing a class.\\nHe did not succeed, but turned his attention to South Bridgeport,\\nwhere his labors met with great reward. A class was organized,\\nand a local preacher from Tuscola ministered to their spiritual\\nwants once in two weeks. The Methodists at Bridgeport village\\nattended the Congregational Church until 1878. During this year\\nthe latter denomination were without a minister, so they engaged\\nRev. E. E. Caster, M. E. minister at East Saginaw, to preach for\\nthem each alternate Sabbath, at two o clock p. m. The Congre-\\ngationalists had decided to have no preacher the following year, and\\nwhen Elder Caster reported this to the M. E. Conference, that body\\nsent Rev. Edwin Foster on to look after the flock at Bridgeport\\nvillage. He found a discouraging state of affairs, no class, no\\nmembers to receive him, no foothold of any kind. Nothing", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0751.jp2"}, "748": {"fulltext": "762 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ndaunted, he went out and bought a house and Jot, giving his horse\\nfor the first payment. Within a year he had a large class, and his\\nsalary of $500 had been promptly paid. He was sent again in\\n1879- 80, and was followed by Rev. William Chaple, the present\\npastor, who is a native of Cornwall, England, but an enthusiastic\\nadmirer of his adopted country, and a promising young man. He\\nis thoroughly in earnest, and his prospects are bright with promises\\nof future usefulness.\\nORGANIC.\\nThe township was organized in ISIS, but the record of the first\\nmeeting is not now obtainable, nor indeed are the records of town-\\nship elections down to 1868 forthcoming. Since that period the\\ntownship books have been well kept, and from them the following\\nlist of the principal township officials is made out:\\nsupervisors.\\nDennis Bow 1868\\nLyman Jackson 1869\\nDennis Bow 1870- 71\\nElias W. Morey...\\\\ 1872\\nDarwin A. Pettibone 1873- 80\\nChauncey Wisner 1881\\nCLERKS.\\nGeorge J. Hill 1868- 9\\nWalter A. Griffin 1870- 2\\nT. S.Eddington 1873\\nSeymour Hill 1874- 5\\nAdelbert Woleott 1876- 81\\nTREASURKKS.\\nGeorge Miner 1868 I Leverett Hodgman 1876\\nLeYerett Hodgman 1869- 71 Waller A. Griffin 1877- 8\\nJehiel Jackson 1872- 3 Seymour Hill 1879- 80\\nWalter A. Griffin 1874- 5 August Bachman 1881\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nLeander L. Hill 1868 71 i William L. Cook 1873 6\\nWilliam H. P. Benjamin (to fill Petter Leasia 1874- 84\\nvacancy) 1868\\nJohn Liedlein 1869- 81\\nElias W. Morey (to till vacancy)1870\\nLeonard Blakley 1871 82\\nHatten W. Beach 1872 5\\nHenry Schultz 1876- 83\\nChristopher Spangler (to till va-\\ncancy) 1877\\nJohn Leidlein(to fill vacancy). 1879\\nHenry Schultz (to fill vacancy). 1881\\nThe village of Bridgeport, formerly known as the Bend of the\\nCass, is beautifully situated. In 1868 the population of this little\\nhamlet was 500; to-day it is only 239. The population of the\\ntownship apart from the village is 1,105.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0752.jp2"}, "749": {"fulltext": "BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP.\\n768\\nKARI.Y LAND PURCHASERS.\\nIn the following pages the names of the patentees of the town-\\nBhip lauds arc given, with location and date of entry:\\nM M. Cummings, sec. 1. Jan 31, is:?.\\nGideon Lee.sec. 1. Feb. 23, is:;;.\\n.1 \\\\V. Edmunds, sec. I, Nov. 10. 1836\\nA. I. Shultzs.secs. 2 and 3, Oct. 17, 1836.\\n.1. W. Edmunds, sec. 3, Nov. 10, 1836.\\nWilliam Thomas, sec. 4, Oct. 17. 1836.\\nWilliam Prout, sec 1. Aim. 25, 1836.\\nW. T. Carroll, sec. 4, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nGideon Lee, sec. 1. Feb. 23, 1837.\\n[saac Mills, jr., sec. 4. July 2, L836.\\nCharles H.Carroll, sec. 5, June 22, 1836.\\nWilliam T. Carroll, sec.5,June22,1836.\\nEdward Brown, sec.5, March 24, 1836.\\nD. II. Fitzhugh, sec. 6, June 15,1835.\\nCharles H.Carroll, sec. 6,June 15, 1835,\\nand sec. 7, Juno 13, 1*35.\\nAbels. Peters, sec. 8, July 11. 1835.\\nEdwin Hessick. sec. !i. July 11, 1835.\\nA.I. Shullzs, sec. 10, Oct. 15, 183G.\\nT. P. Sawyer, sec. 10. Sept. 21, 1836.\\nJohn Rudd, sec. 10, Sept. 21. 1836.\\n[saac Mills, sec. 10, July 15. 1836.\\nA. I. Shult/v. sec. 11, net. 15,1836.\\nGideon Lee, sec. 10. Feb. 23. 1837.\\nR. I. s. Page, sec. 12, Feb. 10, 1837.\\nS. II. Henich, mm-. 12, July 11. 1835.\\nGideon Lee, sec. 12, Feb. 28,1837.\\nThomas Malone.sec. 13. Oct. 12,1836.\\nWarner Lake, jr., sees. 13 and 14, June\\n4. 1836.\\nLoomis Thayer, sec 14. June 3. 1836.\\nCalvin Hotchkiss, sec. 14, Jan. 4, 1836.\\nJohn I). Jones, sec. 15. June 27,1836.\\nGideon Lee, sec. 15, Feb. 2:;. 1837.\\nAllan Avraull. sec. 15, Feb. 2:1, 1836.\\nNorman Little, sec. 15, Feb. 23, 1836.\\nCalvin Hotchkiss, iec. 15, Jan. 4, 1836.\\n(i. I). Williams, sec. 15. Oct. 24, L835.\\nBenjamin Clapp, see. 15, Oct. 24, 1835.\\nTrumbull Cary, sec. 15. on. 21. 1835.\\nEleazer Mason, sec. 15. July 21, 1835.\\nT. II. Newbold, sec. IT, June 13. L835.\\nc. II. Carroll, sec. 18, June 13, 1835.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Iain- H.Jerome, sec 18,Sept. 15, L836.\\nJohn Clifford,sec. 18, Feb. 19, 1*30.\\nPerry G. Gardner, sees. 1* and 1 Feb.\\n22. 1836.\\nW. S. Stevens, sec. 19, Feb. 22, 1836.\\nJosiah Beers, sec. 19, March 21. 1836.\\nNathan Phillips, sec 19, Nov. 15, 1836.\\nElias Collom, sec. 19, Nov. 15, 1836.\\nJoseph E. Towne.sec. 20. Oct. 21, 1835.\\nAllen Avrauli. sec. 20, Feb. 23, 1836.\\nNorman Little, sec 20, Feb. 23,1836.\\nAlbert Miller, sec. 20, Aug. 25, 1836.\\ns. Beers, Bee 20, March 21. 1836.\\nEleazer Miller, sec. 21, Sept. 1, 1835.\\nAbel Millington, see. 21, Oct. 21, 1835.\\n46\\nN Foster, sec.21, March 11, 1836.\\nAllen Avraull, sec. 21, Feb. 33, 1836.\\nNorman Little, see. 21, Feb. 2:1. 1836.\\nJosiah Beers, see 21. March 21, 1836.\\nEleazer Miller, see. 23, Sept. 1. 1835.\\nJohn Biddle, sec. 22, May, L823.\\nAllen Avraull, Bee. 22. Feb. 2 1836.\\nNorman Little, sec. 22, Feb. 23, 1836.\\nEleazer Mason, see. 22, July 21, 1835.\\nHenry Campeau, see. 22. (Jet. 3, 1834.\\nJohn Biddle, see. 23, May 19, 1823.\\nCalvin Hotchkiss, sec. 23, Jan. 4, 183G.\\nG. D. Williams, sec. 23, Oct. 24, 1835.\\nBenjamin Clapp, see. 23, Oct. 24, 1835.\\nG. D. Williams, sec. 23, Aug. 6, 1835.\\nE. S. Williams, see. 23, Aug. 6, 1835.\\nH. Burchhart, sec. 24, June 3, 1836.\\nLoomis Thayer, sec. 24, June 3, 183G.\\nJared II. Randell, sec. 24, May 31, 1836.\\nII. G. Hotchkiss, sec. 24, Jan. 4, 1836.\\nL. B. Hotchkiss, sec. 24, Jan. 4, 1836.\\nG. D. Williams, sec. 24, Oct. 24, 1835.\\nBenjamin Clapp, sec. 24, Oct. 24, 1835.\\nJ. Campeau, see. 25,March 26,\\nThomas Simpson, see. 25, June 22, 1831.\\nJoshua Terry, see. 25, Oct. 24, 1833.\\nNoah Beach, see. 25, Nov. 17, 1835.\\nE. S. Williams, see. 25, July 13, 1835.\\nG. D. Williams, sec. 25, June 9, 1835.\\n8. S. Campbell, see. 25, Dec. 8, 1835.\\nJared H. Randell, sec.25,May 21, i836.\\nJ. Bibble, sec. 26, Jan. 11,\\nJ. Farley, sec. 26, Jan. 11.\\nAbel S. Peters, see. 20, July 13, 1835.\\nS. It. Herrick, sec. 26, July 13, 1835.\\nRussell G. Hurd, see. 20, April 0, 1836.\\nJared II. Randell, sec.26,May31, 1836.\\nLoomis Thayer, sec 27, June 3, 1836.\\nNorman Little, sec. 27, Aug. 25, 1836.\\nHugh Birchhead, sees. 27and38,July\\n13, 1836.\\nNorman Little, sees. 28 and 20, Aug.\\n25, 1836.\\nIsaac Mills, jr., sec. 29, July 2, 1836.\\nJohn Patterson, sec. 30, July 2, 1836.\\nMoses lb Hess, sec. 30. Oct. 18, 1854.\\nWilliam Ellis, sec. 30, Nov. 14, 1853.\\nL. Tupper, sec. 30, Dec. 18, 1854.\\nPeter Lesia, Bee. 30, Nov. 17, 1853.\\nJ. M. Edmunds, see. 30, April 8,1854.\\nCharles Lytle, sec. 31, Dec. 16, 1853.\\nJohan M. Fisher, sec. 31, Dec. 21, 1854.\\nG. M.O Higgurson.sec 31, Dec. 17, 53.\\nTile Burtis, sec. 31, Dec. 9, 1854.\\n.lames W. Adams, sec. 31, Oct. is. 1854.\\nNorman Little, sees. 32 and 33, Aug.\\n25, 1830.\\nPeter Lesia, sec. 34, Dec. 16, 1853", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0753.jp2"}, "750": {"fulltext": "764 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY\\nJames S Berry, sec. 34, May 18, 1855.\\nCharles R. Taylor, sec. 34, Oct. 23, 1854.\\nJoseph Cole, sec. 34, July 31, 1851.\\nAnanias Langdon, sec. 34. July 31,1851.\\nAsa B. Hadsell, sec 35, Feb. *20, 1837.\\nPolly Todd, sec. 35, Feb. 20, 1837.\\nPeter Lesia, sec. 35, Nov. 11, 185 1.\\nStephen Beers, sec. 36, March 21, 1836.\\nJosiah Beers, sec. 36, March 21, 1836.\\nJames Thompson, sec. 36, May 5, 1836,\\nNathan Phillips, sec. 36, Nov. 14, 1836.\\nElias Colboru, sec 36, Nov. 14, 1836.\\nPERSONAL HISTORY*.\\nIn the following pages much of the history proper of this dis-\\ntrict is given. In the lives of the men who built up this township\\nto its present prosperous condition, are found important elements\\nof its history:\\nBurton Andruss, a pioneer of Bridgeport tp. and village, was\\nborn at Stafford, Genesee Co., N. Y., July 2, 1820 parents were\\nArthur and Mary (Ingraham) Andruss, natives of Connecticut\\nfather served four years in IT. S. Armory, at Springfield, Mass.,\\nduring war of 1812 grandfather, Eleazer Andruss, was a soldier\\nin Continental army subject of sketch accompanied parents to\\nOakland Co., Mich., in October, 1837, and in July, 1845, to this\\ncounty, where father died, Aug. 19, 1817, and mother Oct. 26, 1848;\\nsubject resided on sec. 27 until 1850, when he removed to village,\\nand erected the first frame house is Republican, and has been a\\npracticing lawyer for 15 years; was Tp. Clerk four years, and\\nJustice of the Peace eight years was first Clerk of this tp.\\nowns 60 acres of land; was married July 10, 1S45, to Olive,\\ndaughter of Joel and Lucy (Sampson) Pratt, who was born in\\nOrange Co., Vt., May 29, 1821; 5 children are living\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Emma C,\\nwife of William Hunn, born Sept. 24, 1848; Clara A., wife of*\\nGeorge Bogie, born Sept. 8, 1853 Herbert C, born July 12, 1S55;\\nCora M., wife of William Shaw, born April 11, 1858, and Don\\nClare, born March 19, 1861; the deceased is Ella G., who was born\\nFeb. 24, 1852, and died Sept. 1,1854.\\nHon. W. H. P. Benjamin, M. JD., Bridgeport, Center, was born\\nat Salnia (now Syracuse), Onondaga Co., N. Y., Sept. 2, 1839, and\\nis a son of Harvey and Sarah Benjamin, natives of Massachusetts.\\nDr. Benjamin was educated at the Syracuse Institute, and in 1859\\nbegan to read medicine with Dr. Hiram Hoyt, of Syracuse, with\\nwhom he remained two years. He was graduated at the\\nMedical Department of University of Vermont, in March, 1861,\\nand also took a course in the Albany (N. Y.) Medical University.\\nIn April, 1S61, he enlisted in the 3d Reg. N. Y. Vol. Inf., as hos-\\npital steward. In August of the same year he was appointed Act-\\ning Assistant Surgeon in the U. S. army, and served as such until\\nthe year 1863. He received an honorable discharge in August,\\n1S63. In 1866 he came to Bridgeport, and practiced his profes-\\nsion until 1875, since when he has been engaged in mercantile\\ntrade. In 1874, he was elected Representative of the 3d district,\\nand in 1878 served one term as State Senator. He is Democratic\\nin politics. He was married Dec. 28, 1876, to Emma Main. They\\nhave 2 children, Arthur Wellington and Florence R.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0754.jp2"}, "751": {"fulltext": "BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP. 765\\nAlbert Boies, fanner, sec. 7; P. O., South Saginaw; was born in\\nErie Co., N. Y., March 3, 1826; parents are Joseph and Eliza Bates,\\nnatives of Vermont; father served in war of 1812, filling va-\\ncancy of Capt. Ford. The subject of this sketch came to this\\ncounty in 1854, and for four years was engaged in spile-driving\\non the Saginaw river; removed to present farm of 107 acres in 1S61\\nis a member of the I. O. O. F., and the Republican party; was mar-\\nried Dec. 29, 1855, to Catherine McGee, born at St. Paul, Minn..\\nMarch 18. 1835. One child is deceased, 7 living Ella, wife of\\nWilliam Steckert, born Aug. 29, 1856; Charles, born March 18,\\n1859; George, born Jan. 14, 1862; Sarah A., born in August, 1S66;\\nJoseph, born Oct. 9, 1872; Catherine, born Sept. 3, 1875, and\\nAlbert, born in May, 1879.\\nLeonard Blakely, Bridgeport, was born in Missisko Co., Prov-\\nince of Quebec, Jan. 30, 1823; parents were Tilley and Sarah\\nBlakely, natives of Hartford, Conn., and Bennington Co., Yt.;\\ngrandfather was Ensign in Revolutionary war, and was acquainted\\nwith General Green, who had headquarters at his father s house;\\nsubject was left to do for himself at an earl} age, and has suffered\\nmany storms in the voyage through life; came to Bridgeport tp.\\nin 1862, and has served as Justice of the Peace for 14 r ears; is Re-\\npublican in politics; was married May 5, 1847, to ftlartha M. Stone.\\nOf their 6 children. 3 are living Kirby, born Sept. 11, 1850;\\nDora G., born Aug. 15, 1859; has been school-teacher since 15\\nyears of age, and last five years in Bridgeport schools; and Clara,\\nwife of George Hall, a telegraph operator at Otter Lake, born Aug.\\n15. 1862; deceased are: Oscar L.,a vocalist of remarkable ability,\\nand proprietor of the Blakely Quartette Company, a man of ex-\\ncellent character, who was born July 21, 1848, and died April 27,\\n1878; Ellen, wife of Austin N. Hill, born Oct. 13, 1852, and died\\nMay 17, 1879; and May, born Feb. 7, 1870, and died April 20, 1873.\\nDennis JBovj, farmer, sees. 14 and 22, was born in Penobscot\\nCo., Me., April 18, 1829. His parents were Edmund B. and Eliza-\\nbeth Bow; father a soldier in the war of 1812, and died in 1857;\\nmother still survives, and draws a pension. Mr. Bow accompanied\\nhis parents to this county in 1836, where his father operated the\\nfirst grist-mill in the county. He also kept a hotel seven years,\\nand in 1844 removed to Zilwaukee tp.; thence to Bridgeport tp.\\nin 1851, where he was Supervisor two years, and Justice of the\\nPeace four years, and also Justice of the Peace of Saginaw tp.\\nfive years. Dennis received a fair education and owns a good\\nfarm of 140 acres. He is Democratic in politics, and has\\nbeen Justice of the Peace one term. Township Clerk one year,\\nand Supervisor three years. He was married June 1, 1850, to\\nEllen Dnpaw, who was born at Detroit, Mich., in 1831. Four\\nchildren were given them, 2 of whom are living Lewis, who\\nmarried Anna Brace, and Frank, husband of Nellie Cole. Mrs.\\nBow died Jan. 29, 1857, and Mr. B. was again married Oct. 28,\\n1858, to Arloa D. ^Andrews, who bore him 3 children, and de-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0755.jp2"}, "752": {"fulltext": "766 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nparted this life Jan. 30, 1861. Mr. Bow was married the third\\ntime, Dec. 18, 1862, to Mattie S., daughter of Norman and Sarah\\nCone, who was born in Genesee Co., Mich., March 27, 1S37. Of\\ntheir 3 children 1 is living, Oliver J. Mr. Bow s Grand-\\nfather Haskell was a soldier in the Continental Army during the\\nRevolutionary war.\\nMr. Bow s portrait is given in this work on page 311.\\nRodol pints Burt, farmer, sees. 3 and 1, was born at Peru, Ben-\\nnington Co., Vt., July 7, 1812, parents were Scammel and Sal-\\nlie Bnrt, natives of Massachusetts; father was a soldier in the war of\\n1812; grandfather was a Revolutionary soldier, and great-grand-\\nfather was one of the three men killed in the Boston Massacre,\\nin March, 1770; latter came to this country soon after the Pilgrims,\\nand was a pioneer of Massachusetts. Mr. Burt was reared on a\\nfarm; received education in district school; in 1861 went to Scott\\nCo., la., and in 1862 located in this tp.; is Republican in politics;\\nwas married Feb. 19, 1835, to Elizabeth, daughter of Dan and\\nEliza Hitchcock, born in Windham Co., Vt, July 25, 1815. Of 5\\nchildren 1 survives, Susan, wife of James E. Haves, born Nov. 2,\\n1839; Fidelia was born Sept. 9, 1837, and died July 23, 1863;\\nJoseph R. was born April 2, 1855, and died April 19, 1881;\\nAndrew was born May 4, 1859, and died Feb. 5, 1862. His wife s\\ngrandfathers were Revolutionary soldiers.\\nLilly Cook, farmer, sees. 22, 23, 25 and 26, was born in Wayne\\nCo., N. Y., July 16, 1808; parents were John and Elizabeth Cook,\\nnatives of King Co., R. I.; father was a soldier in war of 1812;\\nbrother in Sullivan s Expedition against the Indians; subject of\\nsketch is a carpenter by trade, and worked at that business till\\n1S41; came to Michigan in 1839, and in 1841 purchased a farm on\\nsec. 23 of this tp., which was mostly covered by timber; had to\\ngo to Flint to mill; was tax-agent of the American Fur Company for\\nsome time; assisted in building the. first school-house in Bridgeport\\ntp.; now owns 360 acres of good land; was married Nov. 2, 1830,\\nto Prudence Butts, who was born in Wayne Co., N. Y., March 2,\\n1809. Her parents were Abraham and Abigail Butts; father a\\nnative of Rhode Island, mother of Long Island. Of their children,\\n6 are living William L.; Ruth A., wife of Geo. Rowe; Adeline A.,\\nwife of John Crosby; Eliza, wife of Calvin Stafford Abraham A.,\\nand Mary A., wife of Robert Letterman. Mr. Cook is one of the\\nstaunchest Republicans in his district, and as a representative and\\nhonorable citizen we present his portrait in this volume, page 345.\\nDaniel Ellis, one of the pioneer settlers of Bridgeport tp., was\\nborn in Orange Co., Vt, Nov. 22, 1812. His parents, Elihu and\\nAbigail Ellis, were natives of Keene, N. H., and when Daniel was\\n15 years of age he went to St Lawrence, N. Y., where he remained\\ntill of age. In 1836 he came to Tuscola Co., Mich., and the year\\nfollowing located in Bridgeport, arriving there by the Indian trail\\nfrom Pine Run. He assisted in building the first roads in the tp.\\nHe was forced to go to mill at Flushing, and remembers when", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0756.jp2"}, "753": {"fulltext": "BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP. 767\\nteams ciiine from Lansing to get lumber to build the first frame\\nhouses in that village. He was married Jan. 14, 1846, to Matilda\\nLeasia. Of their 7 children 5 are living George W., Charles D.,\\nJames II., Julia, wife of John Hurpel, and Eugene A. Mrs. Ellis\\ndied in November, 1859, and December, 1861, he married Frances\\nFritz. Of their 7 children 4 survive Emma, Anna, Edwin and\\nFreddie.\\nWilliam L. Cook, farmer, sec. 25, was born at Arcada, Wayne\\nCo., .N. Y., July 20, 1830; parents are Lilly and Prudence Cook,\\nwho settled in this county in November, 1839; subject received his\\neducation in district schools; owns a fine farm of 239 acres and\\nadopts principles of the Republican party; was married April 21,\\n1857, to Rachel M. Murch, who was born at Mt. Morris, Livingston\\nCo., K Y., Oct. 18, 1829; parents are William and Margaret\\n(Cooper) Murch. Of their 5 children, 4 are living Silas G., born\\nSept. 3, 1859; Lizzie G., born March 23, 1860; Kittie M., born Sept.\\n29, 1864, and Charles A., born Sept. 28, 1869. Willie was born\\nMarch 4, 1862, and died 18 days later. Mr. Cook was appointed\\nPostmaster of Cass Briege under Buchanan s administration,\\nwhich position he still holds.\\nHenry S. Ed(jet, retired farmer, sec. 21, was born at Greenville,\\nGreene Co., N. Y., Nov. 26, 1810; parents were Seymour and Abigail\\nEdget; father was soldier in war of 1812, and grandfather served\\nseven years in Continental army; subject of sketch came to this\\ncounty in 1844; first located in Taymouth tp., thence to Ports-\\nmouth and Saginaw City, thence to East Saginaw, where he was book-\\nkeeper for James P. Hayden Co. for three years; and in 1879, to\\nhis present farm; was estimating lumber in the timber for 16 years;\\nis Republican in politics; was married Jan. 1, 1840, to Eliza, daughter\\nof Jacob and Phoebe Yan Sickle, who was born in Sussex Co., N. J.,\\nApril 1, 1818. Of their 4 children 2 are living John A., a lawyer\\nof East Saginaw, and Alice V.; wife is a cousin of General Rose-\\ncranz. and a distant relative of Capt. Rosecranz, of Revolutionary\\nfame. Subject and wife are members of First Baptist Church, of\\nSaginaw City.\\nLouis Fesslcr was born in 1843 at Baden, Germany; came to\\nthis country at an early day with his parents, locating in Tuscola\\ncounty, where his mother yet lives. In 1853 he came to Saginaw\\ncounty, where he has been an active citizen. Was married in\\nTuscola county to Miss Rachel Eisenstein, a native also of Baden,\\nGermany. His family consists of 6 children, all residing with\\ntheir parents at the old homestead in Bridgeport, four miles from\\nEast Saginaw. Mr. F. is one of the staunchest Republicans, his\\nfirst vote being cast for Abraham Lincoln.\\nLeverett Ilodgiimn, an early pioneer of Bridgeport tp., was born\\nin town of Ilartland, Windsor Co., Yt., July 6, 1819. His parents\\nwere Lot_C. and Mary Hodgman.the former of whom was a keeper^/**\\nin theT ermont State s prison, during the war of 1812. His broth-\\ners, Timothy and Jonathan, were soldiers. Mr. Hodgman, sr.,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0757.jp2"}, "754": {"fulltext": "X\\n768 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwas a Major General in the Revolutionary war. Leverett, when\\n17 years of age, accompanied his parents to Saginaw county, set-\\ntling in Saginaw tp., on the Tittabawassee river, and in 1841, locat-\\ning in Bridgeport tp., where the mother died in 1838, and the\\nfather Sept. 10, 1841. Henceforth Leverett had to make his own\\nway in the world, and had his share of pioneer life. He is a\\nmember of the Masonic fraternity, as was his father for several\\nyears, and a Republican. He was married Jan. 22, 1847, to Betsey\\nJ. Kittridge, who bore him 2 children, one of whom is living,\\nCharles F. Frances C. is deceased. Mrs. Hodgman died April\\n7, 1850, and Mr. II. was again married June 15, 1872, to Mrs.\\nCynthia A. Murphy, daughter of Luna and Betsey Thayer, who\\nwas born in Oswego Co., E Y., May 13, 1835.\\nM. P. Hodgman, son of Lot C. and Mary Hodgman, was born\\nin Vermont, June 11, 1823. He accompanied his parents to this\\ncounty in 1836, and was here reared to manhood. Mr. Hodgman\\nowns a valuable farm of 80 acres on sec. 24, and is a believer in the\\nprinciples of the Republican party. He was married Oct. 19, 1856,\\nto Elizabeth Hudson, who was born in Oakland Co., Mich., Feb. 19,\\n1836. Her parents are Isaiah J. and Mary B. Hudson, of Genesee\\nCo., N. Y. Of their 5 children, 3 are living Celestia M.,\\nwife of George Becker, was born Oct. 30, 1857 (they have two\\nchildren); Katie V. and James I, at the old homestead. Mr II. lo-\\ncated his present home when in its wild state.\\nPeter Leasia, farmer, sec. 26, was born at Port Kent, Clinton\\nCo., N. Y., April 5, 18J5 parents are John B. and Josephine\\nLeasia when subject of sketch was four years old, his parents re-\\nmoved to Canada East, and in 1836 to Oakland Co., Mich. when\\n16 years of age, he learned the blacksmith s trade, and after a short\\ntime at Detroit came to Saginaw City (February, 1842) followed\\nhunting and trapping for some years on one occasion partner and\\nhimself speared 13 barrels of white-fish in one November night\\nthe night after J. K. Polk s election; subject worked at lumbering\\nfor others till 1851, then worked for himself nine years since then\\nhas been farming; cut the old Portsmouth road in 1848; is\\nserving eleventh year as Justice of the Peace, and owns 80 acres\\nof land was married June 8, 1853, to Ruth A. Cook, who bore\\nhim 3 children Sylvester (dec), Henry and Almira, wife of James\\nWatson; was again married April 26, 1866, to Mrs. Eliza Walt.\\nThey have 1 child, Maud E. M. In 1873 his second wife met\\nher death by the explosion of a can of kerosene oil, while endeav-\\noring to light a lire.\\nCharles A. Lull, one of Saginaw county s old and respected pio-\\nneer?, was born at Windsor, Windsor Co., Vt., May 17, ISO!), and\\nis a son of Joab and Ruth Lull also natives of Windsor county.\\nMr. Lull s father was a Lieutenant in the war of 1812, and his\\ngrandfather served as Captain in the Revolutionary war. Charles\\nreceived a fair education, and in 1831 located in Oakland Co.,\\nMich., and two years later in Saginaw county, entering So acres", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0758.jp2"}, "755": {"fulltext": "BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP. 769\\nof land od sec. 1, Spalding tp., being the first settler in Saginaw\\ncounty, east of the Saginaw river. lie went to Detroit, to enter his\\nhtml, and while there bought an ox team and cart. lie drove them\\nhome, over the swamps and through the dense forests up to his\\nown cabin, where his parents, who had settled here the same year,\\nwere waiting to l eceiveTnm. In 1851 he removed to Bridgeport\\ntp.. and located 100 acres of land, lie built a steam saw-mill at\\nBridgeport the same year, and operated it two years. He also built\\nthe Bridgeport Center House, lie now owns 160 acres in Spalding,\\nand 14 acres of land in Bridgeport tp. He is a Republican and\\nduring the war was a member of the Union League. lie was\\nmarried ct. 3, 1835, to Roxy Whitney, who was born in Madison\\nCo., -X. V., Feb. 20, 1809, and is a daughter of Ebenezer and\\nJerusha Whitney, natives of Connecticut. They have 3 children\\nAdaline, wife of D. A. Petty bone; Charles L., who married Effie\\nKranse, and Marion, wife of I. C. Simons. In January, ISSo, the\\npartner of his joys and sorrows passed away, after passing two-score\\nand five years together of wedded life. No man ranks higher in his\\ncommunity and none can look back upon a life of three-score and\\ntwelve with less regret, so far as usefulness is concerned, than our\\nrespected citizen Charles A. Lull.\\nWilliam P. Jfine/\\\\ farmer, sec. 21, was born at Sharon, Windsor\\nCo., Vt., June 14, 1834; is son of William H. and Theda (Wheeler)\\nMiner; father born in Connecticut in 1790, was member of old\\nSpringfield Militia Company, kept toll-gate in Bridgeport tp. for\\n12 years, and died Sept 1 1863; mother is native of New Hamp-\\nshire, and died in September, 1856; subject of sketch came to this\\ncounty in June. 1853, and a year later went to Wisconsin, where he\\nwas engaged in lumbering, and as a pilot for several years; in 1860\\nreturned to this tp., where he owns 80 acres of land; is a Republi-\\ncan, and member of Masonic fraternity; was married Sept. 18,\\nI860, to Cheslina Hayes; of their 7 children, 3 survive\\nCarrie S., born June 14, 1865; Frances, born Nov. 7, I s t 7 and\\nMaynard, born Feb. 7. 1*7 wife is a daughter of Alfred and\\nLaura Hayes, and was born in Oakland Co., Mich., Feb. 14, 1839.\\nCharles D. Puttee, son of Asa J. and Olive (McColister) Pattee,\\nwa6 born in Merrimac Co., X. H., July 28, 1828; subject s\\ngrandfather, Dummer Pattee, a soldier in the war of 1812, was\\nkilled at Plattsburg; great-grandfather was a Frenchman, and\\ncame to this country with Lafayette, served as Captain in Revolu-\\ntionary war, and died aged 93 years; subject s mother is descend-\\nant of the McGregors, who were driven from Scotland; subject\\naccompanied parents to Maine, thence to Monroe Co., N. V.,\\nwhere mother died; was thrown upon his own resources at age of\\n10 years; in 1851 came to Lenawee Co., Mich.; thence to Gene-\\nsee county, and in 1854 to Saginaw county; in 1861 enlisted in Co.\\nM, 3d Mich. Caw, as 1st Duty Sergeant, and was discharged in\\nApril, 1864; re-enlisted in October, 1864, in Co. 1, 15th Reg. Mich.\\nVol. Inf., and was Orderly Sergeant of company on detached ser-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0759.jp2"}, "756": {"fulltext": "770 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nvice; was discharged Sept. 15, 1865; is Republican in politics, and\\nwas appointed Postmaster in 1880; was married Sept. 1, 1850, to\\nLydia Atherton. They have 6 children, Flora B., wife of J.\\nHiram Ellis; John A., Sergeant in the U. S. army; W. Frank,\\nCharles R., Phoebe M. and Fred J. Subject and wife are members\\nof the M. E. Church. Returned from the war in 1865 broken in\\nhealth, bought 80 acres of land and commenced on it, but on\\naccount of ill health sold out and started in the grocery and pro-\\nvision business, but failed. He then returned to the woods, making\\nstaves, getting out shingle-bolts, wood, etc.; was burned out clean\\nin the iires of 1871, saving only a part of his furniture, losing\\nstaves, wood, and shingle-bolts to the amount of hundreds of dol-\\nlars, and leaving him bare-handed, with the exception of 80 acres\\nof land well burned over. Bought 160 acres more of timber land\\non credit, and hired men and went to making staves, etc.; was doing\\nwell, when the panic of 1873 struck the country and there was no\\nsale for anything. His land was paid for within $300, but it went\\nunder. He left the woods again, settled in the village, where he\\nnow resides, and where he expects to remain till he dies.\\nAlbert Procunier farmer, sec. 19, was born in Upper Canada\\nMay 13, 1846, and is a son of Peter and Anise Procunier. He\\ncame to Saginaw county in November, 1865, and by industry and\\neconomy has succeeded in accumulating 80 acres of good land. He\\nhas been engaged in threshing grain for the past few years. Mr.\\nProcunier was married Jan. 7, 1867, to Eliza Shawl, daughter of\\nAlexander and Eliza DeWitt, who was born in Norfolk Co.,\\nUpper Canada, Aug. 28, 1854. They have 1 child, Lizzie S., born\\nOct. 18, 1869\\nAndrew J. Phillips, agriculturist, sec. 5, was born in Oak-\\nland Co., Mich., May 4, 1828; parents were William and Olivia\\nPhillips, natives of Otsego Co., N. Y., who settled in Oakland\\nCo., Michigan, when Pontiac was an Indian trading post and con-\\ntained only two inhabitants; mother subsequently visited New York,\\nand took passage on the boat Walk-in -the-Water, on her first\\ntrip across Lake Erie; father was a teamster, and died in August,\\n1874, aged 72 years, and his wife in September, 1871, aged 71 years.\\nSubject came to this county in 1851, and for 10 years was engaged\\nin drying lumber; since then has been farming; owns S2 acres of\\nland, and is a Democrat; was married in 1848 to Emily Black-\\nburn. Of the 3 children given to seal this union 2 are living,\\nElvira O., wife of J. R. Lead better, and Horace E., who married\\nRosa Tuttle. Mrs. Phillips parents, Nathaniel and Roxina (Rit-\\nter) Blackmer; father a native of Canada West, mother State of\\nNew York, Canandaigua; Mrs. Phillips born in Niagara Co., N.Y.,\\ncame to Saginaw county, 1857. His business was a builder and\\ncontractor, well known to the older citizens of East Saginaw; died\\nin 1855; mother still living.\\nIsaac C. Simons, merchant and brick manufacturer, Bridgeport\\nCenter, was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., March 18, 1839, and is a", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0760.jp2"}, "757": {"fulltext": "BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP. 771\\n.-on of Conrad and Sarah Simons, natives of New York and Ver-\\nmont. Mr. Simons father died when he was yet a youth, and lie\\nwas reared at Camden, N. Y and received a fair education. In\\nL869 he came to Bridgeport and operated a saw-mill for two years,\\nlie then formed a partnership with W. II. P. Benjamin, in the\\nmercantile trade. On Aug. 15, 1861, Mr. Simons enlisted in Co.\\nE, 32d Reg. N. Y. Vol. Inf., under Capt. Forbes, and participated\\nin all the battles of the army of the Potomac. He was honor-\\nably discharged June 9. 1862.. He was married in April, 1S71, to\\nMarion Lull. They have 3 children Effie, Charles and Edwin.\\nMr. Simons is a staunch Republican. He manufactured 1,000,000\\nbrick in 1SS0.\\nSilas Woodard, agriculturist, sec. 24, was born at Geneva.\\nX. Y., Xov. 11, 1812; parents were Benjamin and Polly Wood-\\nard; grandfather and two brothers came from England, and settled\\nin Onondaga Co., X. Y.; subject of sketch passed his early life in\\nCayuga Co., N. Y., and in 1839, came to Saginaw Co., purchasing\\nSO acres of land, where he now resides; he returned to New York,\\nand in 1S40 located in Oakland Co., Mich., and five years later on\\nhis farm in this county; was the first settler in county east of\\nplank road; built log cabin 18x24 feet, where he resided 14 years\\nwithout seeing the smoke of a chimney of a neighbor; is a cooper\\nby trade, and worked at that trade more or less from 1833 to 1879,\\nsix years of which in Tuscola Co., Mich.; is Republican; has been\\nJustice of the Peace two terms, and owns 80 acres of land; was mar-\\nried Oct. 8, 1S37, to Elizabeth, daughter of James and Lydia La\\nRue, of New Jersey, who was born in Livingston Co., .N Y.,\\nJuly 22. 1818. Three children are living Esther, wife of E. C.\\nRoberts; Henry, who married Sarah Sutherland, and Wilhelmina;\\ndeceased are Leona, Desfas, Burt and William. Their flour was\\nobtained at the Thread mills beyond Flint, following trail by marked\\ntrees.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0761.jp2"}, "758": {"fulltext": "BUENA VISTA TOWNSHIP.\\nThe territory embraced in the township of Buena Vista was\\ncalled by the aborigines Tik-wak-baw-hawriing, or Hickory Place.\\nEven after the establishment of the American Fur Company s post\\non the east bank of the river, and for some years after Leon Snay\\nmade it his home, this district, known in the United States survey\\nas township 12 north of ranges 4 and 5 east, bore the singular ap-\\npellation of Tik-wak-baw-kawning. Justin Smith was the first\\npatentee of lands within the boundaries of Buena Vista. Gardner\\nD. Williams made the first clearing and may be said to have been the\\nfirst farmer in the township, as just below the business center of the\\ncity was the farm, a small clearing cultivated once or twice pre-\\nvious to its purchase by Norman Little in 1849. This was the\\nbeginning of agriculture within the township, even as the Emer-\\nson Mill was the beginning of its manufacturing industries.\\nNAMING THE TOWNSHIP.\\nEmerson, who located at Saginaw City in 1816, was accustomed\\nto cross the river in the morning, attend to his milling business\\nuntil evening, and then return to the town of Saginaw. This pro\\nceeding became distasteful after a year or so, and he determined\\nto make a home for himself.\\nIn May, 1847, prior to his actual settlement on the east bank of\\nthe river, he heard loud words telling of anything but what is\\nfriendly or complimentary. Walking quietly toward the shanty,\\nfrom which the sounds proceeded, he saw three females, attired in\\nworking costume, standing by their wash pails; heard them treat-\\ning one another to abusive harangues, even listened to their indul-\\ngence in language that would make the most profane man on the\\ndrive turn pale, or drive him to flight, The mill-owner never\\nquailed; he was determined to witness the denouement.\\nAfter a prolonged debate the argumentum ad judicium failed,\\nand that of the staff was enforced. Soap, suds, clothes, pieces of\\nwood, all portable articles within reach, were cast at fair heads by\\nfair hands, until Emerson rushed among the amazons, appealed to\\ntheir modesty, and succeeded in arranging an armistice, if not a per-\\nmanent peace. Keturning that evening to Eleazer Jewett s house,\\nhe described vividly the battle which he witnessed, when Mrs. Jew-\\nett remarked, It was a regular Buena Vista. Yes, that it was,\\nreplied Emerson, and I will call the place by that name. Sub-\\nsequently, when he opened a store there, built his first home and\\ngathered round him a few industrious working men, the district\\neast of Bristol street bridge, extending to Brady Hill cemetery,\\n(772)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0762.jp2"}, "759": {"fulltext": "BUENA VISTA TOWNSHIP. 773\\nwon that name, and his house he was pleased to call The Hall of\\nthe Montezumas. It is thought, however, that the name was con-\\nferred in honor of the Union victory during the Mexican war. In\\n1850 the township was organized under the name of Buena Vista.\\nTo render the name as applicable now as it was then sarcastic, is\\nthe work of later settlers, and in the accomplishment of this work,\\nthere seems to be a rare unanimity. The ;i Hall of the Monte-\\nzumas was burned in 1866, when the following five verses, at once\\nmysterious and rude, were written:\\nLAMENT FROM THE HALLS OF THE MCONTEZUMA8.\\nI m growing, I m growing fat I really don t know why,\\nFor on my short allowance a very rat would die;\\nIt cannot be the liquor law; for that I came too late\\nBesides, for that I m well supplied,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 -thanks to my friend Haight.\\nTime was, a very short time since, when 1 was really lean;\\nA slimmer and genteeler man was nowhere to be seen;\\nMie little, little month ago\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and that s what makes it odd I\\nould number every single rib there was in all my body.\\nBui now I m plump, I m very plump; few I know are plumper;\\nAnd my swelling cheeks are of a hue that stains a rosy bumper;\\n1 always hate fat men I can t conceive why I\\nOf all men living should be doomed to such obesity.\\nMy legs were very small indeed, the legs I wore in spring;\\nMy arms and hands were very lean, my ringers, just the thing;\\nBut I ve had to cast my coat aside, my hoots, my gloves and vest,\\nAnd with folded arms have gazed upon the pants I ve loved the best.\\nTins thought is ever in my mind, and will not thence away:\\nI is Daniel Lambert s ghost by night, and Daniel s self by day;\\nThen take the solomn chorus, boys, its mournful notes toll on,\\nI m giowing fat, I m growing fat Alas, poor Emerson\\nIn the following sketch, written immediately after the death of\\nthe Montezumian, the events characteristic of his life are re-\\nviewed:\\nCurtis Emerson, the pioneer citizen of Buena Vista, was born at\\nNorwich, Windsor Co., Vt., Feb. 4, 1810. He came to Michigan\\nin the spring of 1836, when it was a Territory, and located at De-\\ntroit, where for 10 years he was engaged in the manufacture of\\nmalt liquors. He removed to Saginaw City Dec. 26, 1846, and the\\nfollowing 4th of July to the east side of the river, and named his\\nlocation Buena Vista, in honor of Gen. Taylor s victory over Santa\\nAnna, Feb. 22, 1 47. Mr. Emerson bought the property known as\\nEmerson s Addition to East Saginaw, which consisted of a\\nsteam Baw-mill, a boarding house, two dwelling houses, a black-\\nsmith shop, and a barn, and 171 acres of land, the mill being located\\non the present site of the City Gas Works. There were only four\\nmills on the Saginaw river at that time, and Mr. Emerson had\\nplenty of sawing to do. He brought the greater portion of his logs\\nfrom the (ass river, his lumber camp being situated within half a", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0763.jp2"}, "760": {"fulltext": "774 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmile of Caro, the present seat of Tuscola county. There were no\\nhotels in East Saginaw when Mr. Emerson located there, and for\\nmany years the Halls of the Montezumas was an open house\\nto all travelers far and near, and many of the pioneers and early\\nsettlers of Northern Michigan remember Mr, Emerson s genuine\\nhospitality with feelings of deepest gratitude.\\nIn 1837, the first year of his residence at East Saginaw, Mr.\\nEmerson shipped to C. P. Williams Co., Albany, N. Y., the first\\nfull cargo of clear lumber shipped from Michigan, hi 1849 Mr.\\nEmerson, in connection with three others, constructed the first\\nsteamboat on the Saginaw river. It was christened the u Buena\\nVista and was engaged in carrying passengers, lumber, and towing\\nrafts to the bay. About 1855 or 56 Mr. Emerson retired from the\\nlumber trade, and devoted the remainder of his life to the real-\\nestate business. He was never married, and his only sister, Mrs.\\nAtwater, died many years ago.\\nCurtis Emerson was a man in whom the citizens of Saginaw\\ncounty had the most implicit confidence. Always honest and up-\\nright in his dealings with his fellow men, lie enjoyed the good will\\nand esteem of all classes since his entry into Saginaw county. He\\nwas ill during the past 10 years of his earthly pilgrimage, but bed-\\nridden only a few months. On Feb. 11, 1880, he was ik gathered to\\nhis fathers, and a few days following his remains were laid to\\nrest.\\nFIRST REGULAR SETTLEMENT IN THE TOWNSHIP.\\nCurtisEmerson located just outside the original plat of East Sagi-\\nnaw in 1847. At that time there were only two dwelling houses, a\\nboarding: house, a blacksmith shop and the Emerson saw-mill and\\noffice. One of the houses was the property of Capt. Leon Snay the\\nothers may be said to belong to Emerson. In 1848 he fitted up\\nthe blacksmith shop as a store, and succeeded in gathering round\\nhim a limited circle of genial spirits, who made his store their\\nchurch, school and public hall, and were not slow, when circum-\\nstances pointed out such a summary course, to adjourn to his\\ndwelling-house. This settlement actually existed in 1848- 9 on the\\nriver front, near the foot of Bristol street, above the Hoyt Plat.\\nThis mill is referred to in the county history as built by Harvey\\nWilliams, for Mackey, Oakley, Jennison and Little in 36, and as\\npurchased by Curtis Emerson and James Eldridge 10 years later.\\nPATENTEES OF U. S. LANDS IN BUENA VISTA.\\nThe principal portion of the lands of Buena Yista at the disposal\\nof the general Government was entered in 1835- 6. A few entries\\nwere made previously, between 1830 and 1832, but the earliest re-\\ncorded in the LTnited States survey dates back to May 31, 1823, when\\nJustin Smith entered a fraction of sec. 7. Up to the period when\\nthe last acre of the township lands was purchased (1855) the\\ncountry was in its wild state. The village of East Saginaw, or-\\nganized that year, was very primitive indeed; and yet it was so im-\\nproved at that time that it bore the same comparison to the town-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0764.jp2"}, "761": {"fulltext": "BUENA VISTA TOWNSHIP.\\n75\\nship as the city of the present time would to the village of the past.\\nWhat vast improvements have been effected within a quarter of a\\ncentury in the township of Buena Vista will be learned from the\\nri j;ures and descriptions given in these pages. The first land-buyers,\\nand particularly the occupying proprietors among them, claim\\nthe honor of building up the township to a prosperous condition\\nNow-e-chig-ema, sec. 2, May l, 1854.\\nMaw-chig-e-may, sec. June is, 1855.\\nAlbert II. Dorr, sec. 3, Sept. 11, L835.\\nII Montgomery, sec. 3, June 22, 1836.\\nCharles H.Carroll, sec. 3, June 23 and\\n24, 1836.\\nWin. T. Carroll, sec. 3, June 24, 183d.\\nBenedicl Tremble, sec 5, Jan 7, L8 15.\\nEnoch Olmsted, tec 5, Aug 13, 1835.\\nAlbert II. Dorr. sec. 5, Sept. 11, 1835.\\nT. Simpson, sec. 5, June 29, 1835.\\nBradley Bunnel, sec. 6, Oct. 5, 1835.\\nJohn Todd.sec. (i. June 7. 1836.\\nC. H. Carn.il, sec. 6, June 22, 1836.\\nWm. 1 Carroll, sec. 6, June 22, 1836.\\nK. X. Davenport, sec. i, Aug. 17, 1835.\\nJustin Smith, see. 7. May 31, 1823.\\nDavid Stanard, sec. Sept. 23. 1830.\\nTrumbull Cary, sec. 7, Oct. 21, 1835.\\nWillard B. Bunnel, sec. 7, July 33,1835.\\nCharles II. Carroll, sec.s, June 13 lc35.\\nDavid Stanard, sec. 8, Sept. 23, 1830.\\nZenas D. Bassett, sec 9, June 25. 1836.\\nMatthew Coff, sec.9, June 25. is:;*;.\\nII. Montgomery, sec. 9, June 22, 1836.\\nC. H. Carroll, s?c. 9, June 22, 1836.\\nBenj. K. Hall. see. 10, Sept. 24. 1836.\\n.1. W. Edmunds,sec 1 I, Nov. 10.1836.\\nF. W. Gerber, sec 13, July 13, 1851\\nSchneider, sec 13 July 30, 1851.\\nJames S. Killen, sec 13, July 30, 1851.\\nJohn II. Storr, sec. 13, July 30, 1851\\nPhilip Canathy. sec. 14. July 30, 1851\\nJohn Jones, sec. 14, July 30, 1851.\\nJohn Runyon, sec 14. July 30, 1851.\\nAgnes Coker, sec 14 July 30, 1851.\\nJohn McNeil, sec. 15, Aug. 26,1836.\\nB.Granniss, sec 15, July 15, 1836.\\nBenj. K. Hall, sec. 15, June 10, 1836.\\nEL Montgomery, sec. 17. June 22, 1836.\\nC. II. Carroll, sec. 17. June 22. 1836\\nWin. T. Carroll, sec 17. June 22. 1836.\\nNorman Little, sec. 17, March 9. 1836.\\nT. Cary, sec. is, Ocl 21, is:::..\\nA. Millington, sec. is. Oct. 21, 1835.\\nG. I). William-, sec. 18, Feb. 16, 1832,\\nE S William-, sec. 18, Feb. 16, 1832,\\nand Jan 29, 1834.\\nX. Little, sec. 18, March 9, 1836.\\nW. 15 Runnel, sec. 18, July 2:!. 1835.\\nJ. II Jerome, sec is. Sept 12, 1836.\\nA. Harrison, sec is. Aug. 11, 1835.\\nAllen Ayrault, sec. 19, Feb 23, 1836.\\nX. Little, sec. 1!\u00c2\u00bb. Feh. 2J. 1836.\\nE N Davenport, sec 19, Aug. is, 1835.\\nN. Little, sec. 20, March 9, 1836.\\nJames Hosmer, sec. 20, May 11, 183*;.\\nII. Montgomery, sec 30, June 22, 1836.\\nC. II. Carroll, sec 20, June 22, p:jfi.\\nC. B. Grannies, sec. 21, July 15, 1836.\\nAlexander Baxter, sec. 21, June 24,1836.\\nB. K Hall. sec. 21, June 10, 1836\\nJohn McNeil, sec. 21, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nA. S.Thompson, sec. 22, Oct. is, i*36.\\nGeo. Chandler, sec. 22, Oct. 13, 1836.\\nA.C.Scott, sec. 22, Oct. 11, 1836.\\nM. 0 Keefe,sec. 23, July 30, 1851.\\nD. S. Kilmard, sec. 23, July 30, 1851.\\nJohn Mousee, see 23, Aug. 30, 1851.\\nW. S. Hosmer, sec. 23. Oct. 15. 1836\\nJacob Efleefleget, sec. 24, July 2, 1852.\\nHenry Rank, sec. 21, May 21, 1851.\\nPeter Dean, sec. 24, May 21, 1851.\\nWm Rice, see. 24, Jan 31, 1837.\\nJohnFreede, sec. 24, Aug. 30, 1851,\\nS. Cuming-, see. 25, Jan. 3, 1837\\nGeo. L. Meyer, see. 25, Dec. 5, 1853.\\nA. Quartermass, sec. 25, Jan, 31,\\n1 837.\\nMary Tedrick, sec. 25, Sept, 8, 1852.\\nM. Leidleim, sec 25, April 17, and Oct.\\n23, 1854.\\nW. S Hosmer, sec 20, Oct. 15. 1836.\\nM. Minick, see. 26, Feb. 24, is:,:;\\nConrad Tetrick, sec 26, Oct 20, 1854.\\nW S Hosmer, sec. 27, Oct. 15, 1836.\\nC. Matthews, sec 27, Oct. 15,1836.\\nH.L Bennett, sec. 27. Oct. 20, 1S54.\\nMiranda Vance, sec. 27, Oct. 11, 1836.\\nAmanda Vance, sec. 27, Oct 11, 1836.\\nRobert II Stone, see. 27, Oct 18, 1836.\\nJohn McNeil, sec. 28, Aug. 26, 1836.\\nWm. Prout, sec. 28, Aug 25, 1836.\\nWm. T. Carroll, sec 28, Aug. 25, 1836.\\nII Montgomery, sec 20. June 22, 1836.\\nC. H. Carroll, sec. 29, June 22, 1836\\nJames Hosmer, see 29, May 11, 1836.\\nS. II Herrick, sec 30, June 11, 1835.\\nC.H. Carroll, sec 30. June 13. 1835.\\nI) II Fitzhu srh, sec. 31, June 13,1835.\\nS. II Herrick., sec. 31, .Time 11,1835.\\nJames Hosmer, sec. 32, May 11, 1836.\\nC.H Carroll, sec. 32, June 22, 1836.\\nWm. T. Carroll, sec 32, June 22. and\\nsec. 33, Aug. 25, 1836.\\nWilliam Prout, sec 33, Aug 25,1836.\\nJohn McNeil, sec. 33, Aug. 26, 1836,\\nA I. Shultz. sec. 34, Oct. 17, 1836.\\nGideon Fee sec. 35, Feb 23, 1837.\\nJ. W. Edmunds sec. 35, Nov. 10, 1836.\\nJ. Pornketner, sec. 36, Sept 8, 1852. f*\\nChristian Cramer, sec. 36, Sept. 28, 1850.\\nJohan Ehrkriger, see 36, Nov. 9 and\\n28, 185::.\\nChris. Schult/..sec.36, Dec. 19, 1853.\\n24,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0765.jp2"}, "762": {"fulltext": "776 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nORGANIC.\\nBuena Vista was organized under authority given by the State\\nLegislature, during the winter session of 1849-50. The act di-\\nrected That township number twelve north, of range six east, and\\nthe fractional part of township number twelve north, of range\\nnumber five east, being all that lies east of the Saginaw river, and\\nalso that part of township number twelve north, of range four east,\\nthat lies south and east of Saginaw river, in the county of Sagi-\\nnaw, be and the same are hereby set off from the township of Sagi-\\nnaw, and organized into a separate township, by the name of Buena\\nVista and the first township meeting therein shall be held at the\\nhouse now occupied by Curtis Emerson, in said township.\\nThis act was approved March 28, 1850. Since its first organi-\\nzation the boundaries of the township have been subjected to many\\nchanges new territory has been added at one time, cession of por-\\ntions of original lands has been made at other times.\\nThe organization of the townships, noticed in these pages, tell\\nof the various additions to and subtractions from the Buena Vista\\nof the year 1850.\\nThe organization of Buena Vista was perfected May 1, 1850,\\nwhen the people assembled within the Hall of the Montezumas,\\nfor the purpose of electing officers of the new township. The\\nmeeting was presided over by Stephen Little, with Alfred M. Hoyt,\\nClerk George Oliver and A. K. Penny, Inspectors. The en-\\ntire number of voters present was 19. The election resulted\\nFor supervisor, Curtis Emerson; for treasurer, Stephen Lytle; jus-\\ntices of the peace, Andrew Evart, George Oliver and Stephen Ly-\\ntle; township clerk, Charles W. Grant; director of the poor, Cur-\\ntis Emerson and A. K. Penny; commissioner of highways, Sylvester\\nWebber one year, and those well known highwaymen, A. K. Penny\\nand C. W. Grant, for two and three years respectively; school\\ninspectors, A. M. Hoyt and A. K. Penny; and for constables,\\nArchibald Campbell, David Joslin, George Miner and Erastus\\nVaughan.\\nThe affairs of the township were well administered during the\\nyears immediately succeeding. Roads were cut through the heavy\\ntimber lands; in a few cases corduroy roads were made, the creeks\\nbridged and many enterprising works inagurated. In 1855 the\\nvillage of East Saginaw was detached from the township of Buena\\nVista and placed under municipal government. The records of\\nthe township from organization to 1859 cannot now be found; it is\\nsupposed they were destroyed by fire. The earliest record on the\\nbooks, in possession of Mr. Weidmiller, goes back only to 1859, the\\ndate of the organization of the city of East Saginaw, and its total\\nseparation from the township.\\nA meeting of the electors of Buena Vista, held at the Wads-\\nworth school-house, April 4, 1859, with Wm. Wadsworth, super-\\nvisor, presiding, and Jason Steele, township clerk. Henry Guiley", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0766.jp2"}, "763": {"fulltext": "IIL KNA VISTA TOWNSHIP.\\n77\\nwas appointed inspector of election. The result of this meeting\\nwas the choice of Wm. L. Goulding for supervisor; Augustus\\nLull, township clerk; Wra. Wadsworth, treasurer; Henry Guiley,\\nJason Steele, George Shaidberger and Thomas Redson, justices of\\nthe peace. The list of supervisors, clerks, treasurers and justices\\nof the township, from 1859 to the present time, is as follows\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nWm. L. Goulding 1859 60\\nHenry Guiley 1861\\nBeth Willey. 1862- 4\\nAlexander Alberti 1865- 6\\nWilliam Kremer 1867- 72\\nAlexander Alberti 1873\\nWilliam Kremer 1874- 6\\nCharles M. Piivineni 1877- 81\\nCLERKS.\\nAugustus Lull 1859- 60\\nCharles D. Pattee 1861\\nAugustus Lull 1863\\nHenry Fugleman 1863- 64\\nHenry Guiley 1865\\nS. c. Munson 1866\\nG. B. Wiggins 1807\\nE. T. Brooks 1808\\nHerman Weidmiller 1869- 81\\nTREASURERS.\\nWm. Wadsworth 1859- 60\\nMichael Liedlein l861- 3\\nJohn Dietrich 1864- o\\nJ. S. Winkler. 1866- 74\\nJ. Baumgaertner. 1874- 8\\nCharles Roselind 1879- 81\\nJUSTICES.\\nHenry Guiley 1859\\nJason Steele 1859\\nGeorge Shaidberger 1859\\nThomas Redson. 1859\\nMichael Liedlein 1860\\nAugustus Lull 1860\\nHenry Guiley 1860\\nGeorge Shaidberger 1861\\nPeter Dean 1861\\nBeth Willey 1862\\nAugustus Lull 1863\\nMunson 1864\\nW. 11. Beach 1864\\nW. Kimball 1865\\nPeter Dean 1865\\nWilliam Kremer 1866\\nW. H. Beach 1867\\nC. W. Kimball ]SG8\\nRussell Lytle 1869\\nO. J. Hetherington 1870\\nWm. H. Beach. 1871\\nMiles X. Rouse 1872\\nAlex. Alberti 1873\\nS. C. Munson 1874\\nMichael Liedlein. 1875\\nCharles Payment 1876\\n.Tames Boulton 1877\\nJames Pas3more .1878\\nChris. Vale 1878\\nC. W. Kimball 1879\\nC. W. Kimball 1880\\nAugust Roenicke 1881\\nThe township officers for 1 S 8 1 are C.~W. Payment, supervisor;\\nEermau Weidmiller, clerk; Charles Roselind, treasurer; August\\nRoenicke, James Boulton, James Passmore. C. W. Kimball, jus-\\ntices of the peace; C. M. Payment, superintendent of schools;\\nHarvey Smith, commissioner of highways; George Zuckermandel,\\nschool inspector; Russell Lytle, township drain commissioner;\\nHenry Bader, pound master, and D. B. Leroy, Henry Bader,\\nAdolph Bruske, Michael Reidel, constables.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0767.jp2"}, "764": {"fulltext": "778 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThere are six school buildings in the township, each located in\\nthe center of its district. No. 1 is situated on the southeast quar-\\nter of section 29, with sections 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, -and half of\\nsections 27 and 34 forming the district. No. 2 is located on the\\nsoutheast quarter of section 26, witli sections 25, 26, 35, 36, and\\nthe east half of sections 27 and 34, comprising the district. Dis-\\ntrict No. 3 comprises sections 15, 16, 22, 21, the southeast quarter\\nof section 17, the northeast quarter of section 20, the southern\\nhalf of sections and 10, and a large portion of section 23. School\\ndistrict No. 4 comprises sections 1, 2, 12, 11, and the northern\\nhalf of sections 13 and 14. No. 5 district is formed by sections\\n3* 4, 5 and the northern parts of 8, 9, and 10. District No. 6 ad-\\njoins East Saginaw and comprises portions of sections 8, 17,\\nand 20.\\nThe number of pupils, between the ages of live and 20 years,\\nis 637, of which number 417 were enrolled as attendants daring\\nthe year 1880. The school buildings comprise one large brick and\\nlive frame structures, valued at $8,450. The bonded debt on\\non school property at the end of 1880, was $2,850. There are three\\nmale and four female teachers employed.\\nPERSONAL.\\nWe continue the history of Buena Yista township by presenting\\npersonal sketches of some of its representative citizens and\\npioneers\\nJohn M. Baumgarttier, farmer, was born in Bavaria, Germany,\\nin 1832. In 1852 he accompanied his father, George M. Baum-\\ngartner, to this country, locating on his present farm in the autumn\\nof that year. He has materially assisted in the various improve-\\nments made in Buena Yista tp., and is a strict Republican, and a\\nfaithful member of the German Lutheran Church. He was mar-\\nried, in 1858, to Maggie Sacher, a native of Bavaria, where her\\nfather lived and died. They have 6 children.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 George L., Johnnie,\\nMaggie, Fred., William and Henry, all living at or near the old\\nhomestead.\\nJames Boulton was born Aug. 29, 1826, at Norfolk, England.\\nIn 1836 his parents, Henry and Elizabeth Boulton, located at\\nSackett s Harbor, Jeflerson Co., N. Y., where they lived and died,\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nfather Aug. 9, 1868, mother Nov. 25, 1877. In 1852 James went\\nto California, overland, remained there some time and returned to\\nhis native State, where he was married to Miss Louisa C. Smith,\\nNov. 11, 1861, a native of Adams, Jetferson Co., N. Y. Their\\nfamily consists of 3 children David II., Welford G. and Mina\\nL. Mr. B. is one of the stable men of Buena Yista tp., having\\nheld the office of Justice of the Peace for the past live years.\\nPatrick Brown was born in 1830, in County Weekford, Ireland.\\nHis father was a farmer; he had 8 brothers and sisters, all of whom", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0768.jp2"}, "765": {"fulltext": "I .rKXA VISTA TOWNSHIP. 779\\nare dead except 2 girls, who still reside in the old country. The\\nsubject of this sketch and his brother James came to this country\\ntogether, separating in New York, and they have never met since.\\nPatrick sailed before the mast when but a lad 16 years old, visiting\\nmost of the principal ports of the old country during his calling.\\nWas on coast-survey boat, when, learning that lie had been selected\\nfor the training ship, he deserted, having to swim some three\\nmiles to reach the shore. In 1849 he came to Saginaw aboard the\\nold steamboat Charter; engaged in lumbering for a while, when\\nhe again returned to seafaring life. He recites many incidents of\\nhis shipwrecks, etc. In 1864 he was married to Catharine Lauris,\\nby whom he had 2 children Andrew and Mary. In 1868 Catha-\\nrine, the wife of but a few years, was laid to rest in the family\\ncemetery. Mr. B. was again married, this time to Miss Mary\\nDoyle. Mr. Brown represents one of the staunch, sturdy yeo-\\nmanry of Saginaw county.\\nJames Coleman, born in Ireland in 1833; George, his brother, in\\n1830. James came to this country in 1847, landing in New York\\ncity. After his arrival here he worked in different States and the\\nCanadas until the spring of 1855, when he came to Saginaw county,\\nlocating his present home of 160 acres, which was then, at certain\\nseasons of the year, covered entirely with water so deep that a\\nyawl boat could be run over any portion of it; but hard labor has\\naccomplished the desired effect, producing as fine a fertiie tract of\\nland as is in the tp., of which he sold 40 acres; the remainder\\nhe divided with his brother George, who came to United States in\\n1850, pursued different vocations until 1856, when he came to\\nSaginaw and became interested with his brother. Their father\\nand mother, Thomas and Mary, died in Ireland; their father s\\nfamily consisted of 5 children Mary, Ann, James, George and\\nElizabeth, all residing in Saginaw county.\\nPeter Dean, farmer, was born in Mecklenburg, Germany, and\\nemigrated to this country in 1848. For two years he was located\\nnear Detroit, Mich., but in 1850 bought his present farm of 100\\nacres, and participated in the building of the first public road\\nin the county. He suffered many hardships in his new home, often\\nhaving to carry his provisions from Flint to his home on his back,\\nthe road being inaccessible for teams. He is independent in poli-\\ntics, and always votes for the best men, irrespective of party. He\\nwas married in 1853 to Barbara Stoltz. They have 4 chiidren\\nMary, John, Louise and George. The 2 former are married,\\nand the 2 latter live on the farm.\\nConrad Dietrich, farmer, sec. 26, Buena Vista tp. was\\nborn in Bavaria, Germany, in 1819. He was reared amid rural\\nscenes, and in 1846 emigrated to this country. He located in\\nClarion Co., Pa., but four years later came to East Saginaw,\\nwhen Curtis Emerson s saw-mill and stage stable formed that vil-\\nlage, lie was employed by Norman Little to build the first house\\nin the place, and was offered, in payment for his work, two lots of\\n47", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0769.jp2"}, "766": {"fulltext": "780 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nGenesee avenue, now occupied by Little Jake s Clothing Em-\\nporium. Mr. D. refused this offer, and purchased a farm on sec.\\n26, upon which he built a log shanty. He experienced great\\ndifficulty in developing his tract of land on account of its lowness,\\nit being covered with water in the spring of the year of sufficient\\ndepth to float a canoe upon any portion of it. At present his land\\nis second to none in improvements in his district. Mr. Dietrich\\nsays: I am a staunch Republican, because I can t help it. He is\\nalso a member of the Lutheran Church. He was married in 1853\\nto Dora Schenkwa, who has proven a faithful and efficient wife to\\nhim in the many hardships and trials of pioneer life. They have\\nchildren, 2 of whom are married and residents of Clare Co.,\\nMich.\\nCharles P. Hess, lumberman, residence South Saginaw, is a son\\nof Peter and Orissa Hess, and was born in Oneida county, N. Y.,\\nOct. 29, 1847; came to East Saginaw in 1860 and engaged in the\\ndrug business, but remained only six months; the. ice to South\\nSaginaw, where soon after went into same business with William\\nGallaghan they remained together six years; then subject of sketch\\nturned his attention to the lumber trade, which he still follows; is\\na member of the Greenback pnrty, and owns 200 acres of land in\\nthis county; was married in November, 1867, to Abbie E., daughter\\nof James Burroughs, born in Huron Co., O., in 1838; 2 children are\\nliving\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Frank B., born in November, 1869, and Nettie P., born\\nOct. 29, 1873; 1 child deceased; wife is member of Episcopal\\nChurch.\\nA. Hilltker, one of East Saginaw s live, energetic men, was born\\nin North Canada in 1839. His school days were passed at the log\\nschool-house of North Canada; came to Michigan in 1856, locating\\nat Matamoras, where he entered into the true life of a backwoods-\\nman^ locating and clearing up 80 acres of land. Of late he has\\nbeen identified with Saginaw county in her manufacturing interests.\\nC. W. Kimball was born in Saratoga Co., N. Y., in 1819. His\\nearly years were passed in that vicinity. In 1S37 he came to the\\nsouthern portion of Michigan, where he passed one year, when he\\nreturned to his former home. He then opened a brick manufac-\\ntory. In 1857 he traded his house and lot for an 80-acre tract of\\nland near where he now resides. In 1858 he came to Saginaw to\\nsee his property, not intending to remain any length of time; after\\nlooking his property over he concluded to try farming, and with\\nthat in view, he purchased his present home of 160 acres, then in\\nits wild state. By perseverance and hard labor he has succeeded\\nin developing the then wilds into a fine fertile farm. In 1840 was\\nmarried to Miss Clarissa Reed, of Rochester, N. Y by this union\\nhe has had 8 children, 4 of whom are living. In 1860 a kind\\nmother was laid to rest. In 1875 he was married to Mrs. Amanda\\nKent (nee Wardsworth), of Lewiston, N. Y. Mrs. Kent s family\\nconsisted of 2 daughters, 1 married and living near Cleveland, O.\\nMr. Kimball is a man that takes a great interest in the educational", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0770.jp2"}, "767": {"fulltext": "BUENA VISTA TOWNSHIP. 7S1\\ninterests of his community; has been School Director six years as\\nwell as Justice of the Peace of his tp.\\n11 Kramer was born in Mecklenburg, Germany, in 1828; he\\nis a brickmaker by trade. In 1852 he came to this country, land-\\ning at Quebec, from which place he came to East Saginaw, where\\nhe worked in grist and planing mill some 10 years, when he bought\\nhis present home, which he has cleared and improved in good man-\\nner. Mr. K. is one of Buena Vista s most influential citizens,\\nhaving held the office of Supervisor nine years. Justice of Peace\\nnine years. Road Commissioner six years, School Director seven\\nyears. He was married in Mecklenburg, 1S52, to Sophia Zwerk.\\nHis children are Edward, Emma, George, Minnie, Arthur and\\nBertie. In 1861, at the first call for three-months men, he re-\\nsponded to the call and was elected Captain.\\nMichael J. Leidlein, one of Buena Vista s oldest and most\\nrespected citizens, was born in Bavaria, Germany, June 15, 1827.\\nHis education was gained there at a school similar to the common\\nschools of this country. As soon as lie was old enough he was left\\nupon his own resources; his first business was that of rope-making,\\nwhich occupation he followed until the year 1847, when he em-\\nbarked for America, landing in New York, Nov. S; from New York\\nhe came to Syracuse, where he remained one winter, at which\\nplace one of his brothers was drowned. In the spring of 1848 set\\nforth for the A T alley of the Saginaw; upon arriving here they pro-\\ncured the services of a surveyor to pilot them to their new home in\\nBlumfield. Not a road nor even trail was made at that time. East\\nSaginaw comprising but a few cabins. In 1852 he sold the\\nfarm he first located upon in Blumfield tp. and purchased the\\nproperty on which he now resides in Buena Vista tp.; here he\\nbuilt a saw-mill, it being the first in the tp. In the spring\\nof 1S65, while away procuring men for the army, his mill was\\nset on fire, entailing a loss of over $7,000. Not disheartened,\\nhe set about with his accustomed energy to rebuild; in about three\\nmonths the mill was again running. In 1866 the project of a plank\\nroad from Saginaw to Vassar was agitated. Mr. L., seeing the\\nbenefit of such an enterprise, lent it his aid, securing the build-\\ning of the road, over which, for the past five years, he has\\nbeen President. In 1854 was married to Miss Dora Meyers, a\\nnative of Bavaria, Germany, her parents emigrating to this coun-\\ntry at an early day. Their family consists ot 8 children Freder-\\nicka, married to Mr. Martin Messner; Barbara, married to Mr.\\nJohn Weber, of East Saginaw; Maggie, married to Mr. Christian\\nJacekel, residing in Dubuque, Iowa; John, a young man of ster-\\nling integrity, respected by all; John George, Caroline, Mary and\\nJohn Karl. Mr. L. has retired from active labor, allowing those\\nwho come after to reap a rich reward from the broad acres which\\ncost him years of toil and privation. Has held nearly all the\\npositions of trust in his tp. that of Justice of the Peace for the\\npast 20 years. Mr. L. has been identified with all public enterprises", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0771.jp2"}, "768": {"fulltext": "782 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nwhich in his good judgment would advance the interests of his\\ncommunity. Open-hearted, frank, and fearless to express his\\nopinion, he is one of Buena Yista s most influential citizens.\\nHis portrait appears on page 363.\\nMrs. Chloe Melrose was born in Cleveland, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio;\\nher father, Wm. Jones, a well-known citizen of that place, came to\\nthis State in 1853, residing for seven years at Ypsilanti. In 1863\\nshe was married to Marshal J. Franklin, of Cleveland, Ohio. He\\ndied in 1870, leaving .2 sons George T. and Franklin J. In\\n1871 she moved to this county, locating at her present home, sec.\\n17. In 1875 she was married to Chas. A. Melrose, a lumberman of\\nconsiderable note in this county, who was born in Quebec, C. E.\\nMrs. Melrose s home is pleasantly located on Crow Island road,\\nabout one-half mile from East Saginaw city limits. She is a\\nlady of energy and culture, which her home attests.\\nGeorge L. Meyer, farmer, and one of the most worthy citizens of\\nBuena Vista tp., was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1827. He emi-\\ngrated to the United States in 1848, and the first four years of his\\nresidence here worked in a saw-mill. His earnings saved accumu-\\nlated sufficiently to enable him to buy a small farm in the new\\ntp. of Buena Yista, and subsequent additions have increased it to\\n120 acres. Mr. Meyer was married in 1851 to Catherine Eidle-\\nman, a daughter of a pioneer settler of Buena Vista tp. They have\\n3 children living.\\nSamuel O. Munson was born in Bainbridge, N. Y., Aug. 2,\\n1S00. His father, Moses, was born in Litchfield, Conn., a soldier\\nof the Revolutionary war. His mother was Miss Julia Cornwall,\\na native of Wales. Moses family consisted of 2 boys and 3\\ngirls. Samuel passed his early school days in his birth-place. At\\n17 years of age he started to the Territory of Michigan, passing\\nthrough Buffalo and Cleveland, which then contained, the former\\n12 buildings and the latter 7. Arriving in Detroit in June, 1817,\\nhe engaged in trading with the Indians. In 1819 he came to\\nSaginaw to the treaty made by Governor Cass, held at the fort,\\nlocated where the Taylor House now stands. In 1818 his brother Asa\\nand Otis Fisher, a Lieutenant in the army, built the first water saw-\\nmill probably in the Territory. Uncle Harvey Williams, then\\na blacksmith in Detroit, made the iron crank to the saw-mill, which\\nweighed 150 pounds, he receiving for his labor 50 cts. per lb. In\\n1824 he left Detroit and came to the town of Orion, Oakland Co.,\\nand built a saw-mill on Paint creek.\\nIn 1830 he moved to Pontiac with Eurotas Hastings, President\\nof the Bank of Michigan; bought Pontiac Mill Co. s entire property;\\nalso entered into the mercantile business. In four years he went\\ninto partnership with Robert Leroy, now living at Fentonville,\\nGenesee Co., Mich. In 1S31 Mr. Hastings and himself built\\nthe first steam saw-mill in the State, situated eight miles north of\\nPontiac. In 1S3S Samuel moved to Fentonville and built a flouring\\nmill in company with Mr. Leroy. In 1840 a large party from", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0772.jp2"}, "769": {"fulltext": "Bl KNA VISTA TOWNSHIP. 783\\nFentonville went to Fort Meigs, to Harrison s celebration. About\\n1841 he moved to Groveland, Oakland Co., where he bought the\\ntavern property of B. C. Whitmore, starting a line of mail stages\\nto the town of Shiawassee.\\nIn 184:3 he rented his property to Capt. David Lyon and re-\\nturned to Pontiac, going into a hotel there known as the Pontiac\\nPlace. In 1S45 he returned to his property in Groveland, re-\\nmained there until 1848, bought the Genesee House at Flint and\\nmoved there. In 1850 he was engaged in helping to build the\\nplank road from Flint to Saginaw, in company with a Mr. Doan;\\nin 1853 moved to East Saginaw, and opened a hotel known as the\\nu Valley House, there being only five or six houses in the town\\nat that time. In 1855 he went into the Kir by House, where he\\nremained until 1861, when he moved upon the farm where he now\\nlives.\\nGeorge M. Richer, farmer, was born in the Province of New\\nBrunswick in 1S12. His father, Martin Bicker, a native of Ger-\\nmany, emigrated at an early day to New Brunswick, where he became\\na large land-owner. George M. is the youngest of a family of 8\\nchildren, and was formerly engaged in milling and the lumber\\nbusiness. In 1851 he removed to this county, and worked at the\\ncarpenter s trade and at lumbering until he has accumulated a snug\\ncompetency. He has always been prominently identified in all\\npublic improvements. He was married in 1838 to Mary Ann\\nFrench, by whom he had 1 daughter, Charlotte R. Mrs. Bicker\\ndied in 1845, and in 1851 he married Elizabeth Davis, of New\\nYork. They have 2 children Bertha, wife of Wells A. Barrett, a\\nfarmer residing near East Saginaw, and Fred, a student at the\\nEast Saginaw public schools.\\nCharles Roseland, son of Christopher and Dora Boseland, was\\nborn in Mecklenburg, German} in 1842; in 1857 they emigrated\\nto the United States, coming direct to Saginaw county, where he\\nengaged as clerk in a confectionery establishment, with the pur-\\npose of learning the trade; but the death of his employer de-\\nfeated this project, and he entered the hardware store of E. B.\\nBurkhardt, where he remained over 12 years. In 1867 he\\nmarried Miss Caroline Schrem, a native of Wurtemberg, Ger-\\nmany, where her father died. In 1853 the widow with her\\nfamily sought a home in this country, stopping in Detroit until\\n1855, when she hired teams to convey her to the Saginaw Valley,\\npaying $25 for the same, and $30 more for teams to assist\\nin pulling them out of the mud on their route. At last the\\ndesired goal was reached; but one privation after another en-\\ncountered them, having to grind their corn in a coffee-mill to\\nmake their Johnny-cake. In 1873 Charles and wife commenced\\non their farm to make a home; where then stood the giants of the\\nforest, now stand as fine improvements as can be found in the\\ntp. Mr. R. has held different positions of trust in his tp.\\nis in his second term as Tp. Treasurer; is one of the oldest", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0773.jp2"}, "770": {"fulltext": "784 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmembers of the Workingmen s Association, having- acted as\\nTreasurer for some 12 years. His family consists of 3 children\\nAlfred, Caroline and Louisa.\\nGeo. Schaiiberger was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1819; his\\nfather, Andre, was a business man of Kotzoltzburg; he also owned\\na farm near the village, which his son George controlled until he was\\ncompelled to enter the German army, where he remained six years;\\nat the expiration of his term of service he returned to his old\\ncanton and bought a farm, where he remained holding the position\\nof Squire until the eventful year of 1817, when occurred the German\\nRebellion, he being one of the principal actors in his portion of the\\ncanton against the Government; the Rebellion was speedily put\\ndown, when he was compelled to flee for life, leaving friends,\\nhome and property, taking his only child, a baby girl. His friends\\nstole him aboard a vessel, lie carrying his babe rolled up in an over\\ncoat under his arm; the soldiers in the meantime were scouring\\nthe country endeavoring to accomplish his arrest; but a short time\\nelapsed until the vessel was under way, and then a heart beat with\\nhappiness to know that ere long he could claim the protection of\\nthe freeman s flag. Arriving in Baltimore without incident, he spent\\nsome three and one half years in Western Pennsylvania, when he\\nstarted for Saginaw, arriving here in 185 bringing with him the\\nsecond horse team in East Saginaw; squatted on a piece of land\\nabout the center of what is now known as East Saginaw; built here\\na shanty and engaged in carrying passengers from that point to\\nFlint. In 1851 bought a quarter of sec. 26 and moved upon it, it\\nbeing a thorough wilderness, on which he has laid the foundation\\nfor one of the most fertile farms in that section. In 1817 he mar-\\nried Mary Barbara Bair, who died 11 months after, leaving the\\ninfant girl Katie heretofore spoken of. In Pennsylvania he again\\nmarried, this time Miss Elizabeth Leitel, a native of Bavaria, by\\nwhom he had 8 children John, Maggie, Leonard, John, Michael,\\nCaroline, Lizzie and Conrad; 4 of these are married and residing\\nin Saginaw county. In 1869 his second wife died; in 1878 he\\nwas again married, to Mrs. Kate Steinert, by whom, he has 1\\nchild, George.\\nHarvey Smith was born in Rome, N Y., in 1825. His father,\\nSamuel, was a native of New York. In 1826 he emigrated to the\\nthen Territory of Michigan, locating in Oakland county, where he\\nwas known to be one of its leading and most respected citizens.\\nHis mother was Lucinda, nee Fox, of Rome, N. Y. Harvey\\npassed his early days at the old homestead. Having a desire to see\\nwhat he had often read of other places, he shipped as a sailor for a\\nnumber of years. In 1S48 he permanently located in East Sagi-\\nnaw, there being but a few houses in what now comprises the\\nabove-named city; engaged in numerous vocations; he finally\\nbought a steamboat, which he commanded. Twenty years ago he\\nlocated on his present farm, to which calling he has given his prin-\\ncipal attention of later years. In 1853 he was married to Miss", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0774.jp2"}, "771": {"fulltext": "BUEKA VISTA T0WN8HIP. 785\\nCaroline Grant, of Steuben Co., N. Y. Her father, Andrew Grant,\\nwas one of the old and respected citizens of this county. Their\\nfamily consists of 2 children Nellie M., who is married and\\nresides near the old homestead, and Edna May, who is with her\\nparents.\\nHerman Weidemiller, farmer, was born in Saxony, Germany, in\\nL832. After arriving at the age of 20 years he became so favorably\\nimpressed with the idea of the American system of government\\nthat be resolved to make the United States his future home. He\\nlanded at the port of New York in the spring of 1852, and after\\nremaining in Massachusetts two years, came to this county, locating\\nin Blumfield tp., it taking him three days to reach that place from\\nEast Saginaw, distant only eight miles. In 1862 he enlisted in\\nthe 23d Reg. Mich. Vol. Inf., and at the close of the war established\\na bakery at East Saginaw, where he remained one year, and then\\nbought his present farm. He is a Democrat, and in 1879 was\\nelected Tp. Clerk, which position he still holds. He was married\\nin Massachusetts in 1852, to Edonia Fiedler.\\nGeorge Zuckermandel, farmer, sec. 29, was born in Bavaria,\\nGermany, in 1821. He was reared on a farm, and in 1854 came to\\nNew York city, and immediately to Saginaw county, locating upon\\nhis present farm. Mr. Z. was in limited circumstances when he\\ncommenced life, but by working hard and earnestly, night and day,\\nhas succeeded in possessing a good farm and a comfortable home.\\nIn 1S54 he married Margaret Pardner, who has borne him 4 chil-\\ndren Andrew, Anna, Stephen and Margaretta. Mr. Z. is a\\nmember of the Lutheran Church.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0775.jp2"}, "772": {"fulltext": "CARROLLTON TOWNSHIP.\\nThis township was organized under authority given by the Board\\nof Supervisors, Jan. 4, 1866, and the first town meeting was\\nheld April 2, the same year. Charles E. Gillett was elected Super-\\nvisor; Archibald Baird, Clerk; Martin Stoker, Treasurer; Fred S.\\nC. Ross, Reuben Crowell, E. F. Gould and FredGoesman, Justices\\nof the Peace. The order to organize was passed in the following\\nform\\nIt appearing to the Board of Supervisors that application has been made, and\\nthat notice thereof has been signed, posted up, and published, as in the manner\\nrequired by law, and having duly considered the matter of said application,\\nThe Board order and enact that the territory described in said application,\\nbounded as follows, to-wit: all that part of the township of Saginaw, lying north\\nand east of the following boundaries, to-wit: beginning at the northwest corner\\nof Saginaw City; thence running west on the protraction of the north line of\\nSaginaw City to the center of section sixteen (16); thence north on the quarter\\nline of section sixteen (10), nine (9) and lour (4) to the north line of said town-\\nship of Saginaw; and also including that portion of said township lying east of\\nSaginaw City and the Saginaw river, known as the village of Florence, be, and\\nthe same is, hereby erected into a township, to b3 called and known by the name\\nof the township of Carrollton.\\nThe first annual township meeting thereof shall be held at the school-\\nhouse in the village of Carrollton on the first Monday in April, A. D. 18GG, the polls\\nto be open during the hours required by law, and at said meeting, Charles E.\\nGillett, Christian Ulrich and James Barrenger, three electors of said township,\\nshall be the persons whose duty it shall be to preside at such meeting, appoint a\\nclerk, open and keep the polls, and exercise the same powers as the inspectors\\nof elections at any township meeting, as the law provides.\\nThe names of township officers from 1866 to the present time\\nare thus given\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nCharles E. Gillett-18Gf5 J. Elisha Winder. 1871 Martin Stoker. 1872- 81\\nReuben Crowell.. 1867- 70\\nCLERKS.\\nArchibald Baird..l866 Harlan P. Lvon..l868- 72 Bart m w Griffin.. .187-T81\\nAlexander Reid. .1867 James Ure. 1873\\nTREASURERS.\\nMartin Stoker. .1866- 71 I Thomas J.Xorris.l873- 75 I Miles W. Gaffney.1880\\nCharles F. Bunton 1872 Camille Marcotte.l876- 70 Camille Marcotte.1881", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0776.jp2"}, "773": {"fulltext": "CARROLLTON TOWNSHIP.\\n787\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nFrederick S. C. Ross 1866--T59\\nReuben Crowell 1866- 68\\nK F. Gould 1866-67\\nFrederick Goesman 1860\\nHarlan P. Lyon 18B7- 68\\nCharles F. Bunton 1868- 71\\nCharles Collison 1868- 69\\nGeorge W. Hardy 1869- 76\\nJohn Goodson 1870 73\\nVictor E. Robinson 1871- 74\\nEugene T. Smith (to till vacancy).1871\\nWilliam Collison 1872- 3\\nEugene T. Smith 1872- 73\\nWilliam J. Sunderland 1874- 77\\nEugene T. Smith 1875- 78\\nWilliam H. Devany 1877- 80\\nBenj. Samuels (to fill vacancy. .1877\\nJames Besl (never qualified)\\nJohn Burr 1879- 82\\nC. M. Hurlburt (to fill vacancy) 1879- 81\\nEzra J. Demorest 1881- 84\\nWm. J. Cameron (to fill vacancy)1881-\\nC URROLLTON VILLAGE.\\nAs early as 1835 the site of the present village of Carrollton was\\nentered by Judge Carroll; but not until 1860 did the place give\\npromise of its present importance. The population of the village\\nproper is S25; that of the township 912, giving a total population\\nof 1,737. As recently as 1868 the inhabitants of the entire town-\\nship did not number over 600 souls. It will therefore appear that\\nthe advance of this division of the county has been compara-\\ntively rapid.\\nThe schools and Churches of Carrollton are well administered;\\nthe manufacturing interests extensive, and the prospects for the\\nfuture of both township and village exceptionally good.\\nThe village was organized in lsp 9. with Cieo E. Dutton Presi-\\ndent; A. T. Driggs, Clerk, and Thomas J. O Flanagan, Treasurer.\\nThe list of village officers since organization is as follows:\\nPRESIDENTS.\\nGeorge E. Dutton 1869- 71\\nHarlan P.Lyon..: 1872\\nJames Pre 1873- 4\\nEugene T. Smith 1875- 7\\nJonathan S. Doe 1878\\nEujjene T. Smith 1879\\nWilliam Biard 1880- si\\nCLERKS.\\nAnson T. Driggs 1869\\nCharles F. Bunion 1870- 9\\nJohn N. Brenuen 1880\\nRobert J. Abbs ...1881\\nI KKASL RHUS.\\nThomas J. O Flanagan 1869\\nPeter Kramer 1870- 1\\nEugene T. Smith 1872- 3\\nAnthony Byrne 1874\\nFrederick Wolpert 1875- 81", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0777.jp2"}, "774": {"fulltext": "788\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTRUSTEES.\\n1869.\\nRobert F. Higgins,\\n.lames Ure,\\nJames Crawford,\\nJoseph Hall,\\nJames Be t\\nVictor E. Robinson.\\n1870.\\nHarlan P. Lyon,\\nPeter Kramer,\\nHezekiah 0. Fenno,\\nDavid M. Lewis,\\nRobert Abbs,\\nVictor E. Robinson.\\n1871\\nEugene T. Smith,\\nJames Best,\\nThomas J. O Flanigan,\\nJohn B. Brown,\\nJames Apwill,\\nJehu Burr.\\n1872.\\nThomas J. O Flanigan,\\nEdwin Laohbrook,\\nPeter Kramer,\\nJoseph B. Foster,\\nJames Ure,\\nCharles Grant.\\n1873.\\nEugene T. Smith, 2 yrs.\\nPatrick Dougherty, 2 yrs.,\\nWilliam Bierd, 2 yrs.,\\nJames Crawford\\nGeorge Smith,\\nCharles Grant.\\n1874.\\nLouis Tart, 2 yrs,.\\nThomas J. O Flanigan\\n2yrs,\\nJohn Cheesbro, 2 yrs.\\n1875.\\nJohn McKay, 2 yrs,\\nCharles C. Wethy, 2 yrs,\\nJohn Derr, 2 yrs.\\n1876.\\nWilliam Bierd, 2 yrs.,\\nLeander Tart, 2 yrs\\nByron B. Corbin 2 yrs.\\n1877.\\nJohn McKay,\\nAlexander McDonald.\\nWilliam 11. Devany,\\n1878.\\nJehu Burr J f\\nCharles Cook,\\nWilliam Bierd.\\n1879.\\nCassiusM. Hurlburt,\\nJohn Lavine,\\nJames Best.\\n1880\\nAndrew Fitzgerald,\\nJoseph Palmer,\\nCharles C. Wethy.\\n1881.\\nWilliam Cameron.\\nAbraham Wood,\\nJames O Brien.\\nMAN UFACTUBING ESTABLISHMENTS.\\nAmong the manufacturing industries r of the Valley, those of\\nCarrollton hold a high place. From the following sketches of the\\nmore important mills and salt works of the village and township,\\nit will be evident that enterprise not only exists in a high form,\\nbut also gives promise of continued advance.\\nLe Due Fenneifs Oar Factory. The factory building, erected\\nin 1877, is two stories in height, 40x130 feet, with wing 20x40 feet.\\nThe total cost of building and machinery is set down at $30,000.\\nThe lumber used is white ash; the length of the oars varies from\\n6 to. 26 feet, principally from 12 to 18 feet. There are over\\n1,000,000 feet of oars sent into the market annually, 250,000 of\\nwhich are marketed in the United States and 750,000 in foreign\\ncountries.\\nLeDuc de Fenneifs Salt Works. The salt works in connection\\nwith the oar factory are supplied from four wells, each 777 feet\\ndeep. The tubing blocks, etc., were refitted and rebuilt in 1878- 9,\\ncomprising seven cisterns of a capacity of 125 barrels each; two\\nsettlers each 8x6x115 feet; four grainers 12x135 feet each; one\\n1x8x100 feet; and one pan 12x100 feet. The salt block is a two-\\nand-one-half-story building, 88x190 feet, with a total capacity of\\n325 barrels per day. The storage shed is 26x100 feet, with bins\\ncapable of containing 8,500 barrels. Two railroad tracks enter\\nthe yard.\\nLeDuc Fenneifs Shingle Mill, was built in 1878. The\\nstructure is 20x40 feet; it contains three machines, which cut", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0778.jp2"}, "775": {"fulltext": "CARROLLTON TOWNSHIP. 789\\n15,000,000 Bhingles per annum. The saw-mill, in connection with\\nthe oar factory, lias a capacity of 8, 000, 000 feet oflumber per season.\\nThe works extend over 20 acres, with 2,Q00 feet river frontage,\\nand give employment to 125 men. The engines are 18x24, 16x20\\nand L2x lti feet. The company operate an oar factory ami circular-\\nsaw mill at Breckenridge, Gratiot Co., which was purchased in\\n1880. The first premium for the best oar was awarded to LeDuc\\nA; Fenneybythe commissioners of the Paris Exhibition of L867.\\nSanborn Bliss* Sato-Mill was built in 1879 and opened in\\nL880. The building is 50x120 feet, with wing 50x30, and engine\\nroom 80x60. The cost of building is estimated at $3,000; that of\\nmachinery at $4,000; capacity of mill, 14,000,000 feet lumber,\\n50,000 headings, 2, ,000 lath, and 800,000 staves per year.\\nThis industry gives employment to men.\\nThere arc three salt wells, the first 763 feet deep, the second\\nbored in 1879, 760 feet deep, and the third, bored in 1880, 760\\nfeet in depth. There are six cisterns, of 125 barrels each. The\\nsalt block is 120x80 feet; two settlers 8x12x120 feet, grainers\\n11x120 feet, storage shed 80x60 feet, and annual product 50,000\\nbarrels. This branch of Sanborn cv; Bliss business gives employ-\\nment to nine men. The works stand on 115 acres, with 1,300 feet\\nriver frontage. There were on hand in June, 1881, 6,000,000 feet\\nof lumber.\\nT. Jerome dc CoSs Saw-Mill was erected in 1868, at a cost of\\n$3,500. It is a two-story building 44x150 feet, with engine-house\\n50x60 feet. The machinery is valued at $25,000, including seven\\nboilers 4x16 feet. The annual product is 12,000,000 feet lumber\\nand 800,000 staves.\\nTheir first salt well was bored in 1871 to a depth of 750 feet,\\nthe second in 1879, and the third in 1880. The salt block is\\n75x200 feet, with seven cisterns of an aggregate capacity of 900\\nbarrels.\\nThe works stand on 17\u00c2\u00a7 acres, with railroad track and storage\\nsheds for 10,000 barrels of salt. The company employ 75 men.\\nE. F. Gould s Saw-Mill was built in 1862- 3 is 75x121 feet,\\nwith fire room 30x40 feet, and engine-room 12x20 feet. The\\nbuildings and machinery are valued at -$20,000. The annual\\ncapacity of the mill is 11,000,000 feet lumber, 1,500,000 lath,\\n600,000 staves, and 43,000 headings, giving employment to 4\\nthen.\\nTheir first salt well was bored in 1875, the second in 1877, each\\nreaching a depth of 700 feet. There are four cisterns of 125 bar-\\nrels each: the salt block is $6x196 feet, containing every requisite\\nfor the manufacture of salt. The storage sheds have a capacity of\\n4,000 barrels; the cooper shop, in connection with the works, turns\\nout 24,000 barrels per year. The number of men employed is 15.\\nThe works stand on 15 acres, with ii4 feet river frontage.\\nA. Tilden?8 Salt Work*. The first well was bored in 1865 to\\na depth of 730 feet. The buildings comprise a block 4 xl20 feet;\\nlive cisterns of an aggregate capacity of 600 barrels, with all the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0779.jp2"}, "776": {"fulltext": "790\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nmachinery known in first-class works. The block stands on three\\nacres, witli 600 feet river frontage; give employment to 10 men.\\nThe manufacture of salt is carried on here under the direction of\\nJames Reilly, manager.\\nW. B. MershonSs Saw-Mill was built in 1871. The structure\\nand the machinery are valued at $25,000. Apart from the main\\nbuilding, which is 96x10 feet, there is a wing 96x10 feet, a box\\nfactory 80x60 feet, an engine-room 16x30 feet. The custom plan-\\ning mill possesses an extensive patronage, shipping 250 car loads\\nduring the year 1880; of boxes there were 200 car loads shipped.\\nTheir first salt well was bored in 1879, to a depth of 730 feet.\\nIn connection with the salt block, which is 80x50 feet, are two cis-\\nterns and one large settler, with a capacity of 13,000 barrels\\nannually. The works stand on three acres of ground, and give\\nemployment to 60 men.\\nJ. W. Perriii s Shingle Mill was built in 1871. It is a two-\\nstory building 50x80 feet, supplied with modern machinery, and is\\nvalued at $8,000. It produces 12,000,000 shingles annually.\\nThis first salt well was bored Feb. 1, 1880, to a depth of 725\\nfeet. The salt block, then erected, is 80x150 feet, with four cis-\\nterns of an aggregate capacity ot 500 barrels. The actual product\\nis 15,000 barrels of salt per annum, all shipped in bulk. The\\nworks stand on three acres, and give employment to 27 men.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0780.jp2"}, "777": {"fulltext": "I 1IAIMN TOWNSHIP.\\nThis township occupies the southwestern corner of the county, and,\\nwith the 12 adjoining sections in Gratiot county, forms a Congres-\\nsional township of 36 sections. The Chapin postofh ce is located\\nin section 35. The head-waters of Bad river may be said to\\nrise in this township. Pine creek and its tributary streamlets\\nform the principal water-courses of the district. Lamb and Gould\\ncreeks are in the northeastern sections.\\nThere are a few old farms in the township. Within the last\\nhalf decade a number of industrious agriculturists have been added\\nt the population, which now reaches 046, according to the census\\nreturns of Juno, 1SS0. Within the past 12 months a few settlers\\nhave made their locations there, so that it is presumed by the res-\\nidents that the actual population exceeds 700.\\nThe question of organizing this fractional township began to be\\nagitated immediately after the close of the war. The small band\\nof settlers then residing there petitioned the county board to erect\\nthe 24 southwestern sections of the county into a township to be\\nnamed Chapin. The motion to organize was supported by 24\\nmembers of the board, and opposed by one; so that the following\\norder to organize was made Oct. 10, 1866:\\nIt appearing to the Board of Supervisors that application has been made, and\\nthat notice thereof has beeu signed, posted up and published, as in the manner\\nrequired by law, and having duly considered the matter of said application, the\\nboard order and enact that the territory described in said application, bounded as\\nfollows, to-wit fractional township 9 north of range least, be,and the same is,\\nhereby erected into a township to be called and known by the name of the town-\\nship of Chapin.\\nThe first annual township meeting thereof shall be held at Joseph Taylor s\\nhouse on section 14, on the first Monday in April, A. D. 1867, at nine o clock in\\ntlie forenoon, and at said meeting Ferdinand F. Smith, Austin Chapin and Joseph\\nCi. Taylor, three electors of said township, shall be the persons whose duty it shall\\nbe to preside at such meeting, appoint a clerk, to open and keep the polls.\\nThe order took effect in April, 1867, and the first township meet-\\ning was carried out with due regard to the formalities prescribed by\\nthe law in such cases. The municipal affairs of Chapin have been\\nzealously guarded since that time, and every effort made by the\\nlocal legislators to advance the position and prosperity of their\\nconstituents. The present township officers are: John IVEcChristian,\\nSupervisor; Edgar W. Winter, Clerk; Morris S. Brown, Treasurer;\\nW. Wilson, David Van Bell, Austin Chapin and Gilbert Smith,\\nJustices; Wm. Murlin, School Superintendent; Chris. Roebacher,\\nSchool Inspector; Barney Hopee, Road Commissioner; Jesse Hall,\\nDrain Commissioner; Walter Brown, Constable. This election was\\nheld at BelTs Corners, or Chapin, near the postoffice. Joseph Tay-\\nlor, the oldest settler, was present.\\n(791)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0781.jp2"}, "778": {"fulltext": "792\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNT!\\nThere are four schools in this fractional township.\\nPATENTEES OF THE LANDS.\\nThe original purchasers of the public lands of this township\\nwere not resident proprietors as a rule. In the following list of\\nthose who entered the United States lands, the names of non-resi-\\ndents as well as residents are given:\\nChester lngalls, sec. 1, Dec. 19, 1831\\nJohn 0. Morrill, sec. 1. Nov. 23, 1854.\\nMiles C Newton, sec 1, Nov. 23, 1854.\\nGideon Lee, sec. 1, Dec 24, 1836\\nChester lngalls, sec 2, Dec. 19, 1836.\\nPhilander R. Howe, sec. 2, Dec. 19,\\n1836, and Jan, 17, 1837.\\nVolney Chapin, sec. 2, Nov. 23, 1853.\\nJames Clark, sec. 2, July 25, 1855.\\nD M. R. R., sec 3, June 3, 1863.\\nA. L. T. B. R. R., sec. 3, June 3, 1863.\\nAbram Stevens, sec. 4, Nov. 9, 1866.\\nVolney Chapin, sec. 4, Nov. 23,1853.\\nJames B. Moore, sec. 4, Dec. 10, 1867.\\nAmos Gould, sec. 4, May 31, 1872.\\nVolney Chapin, sec. 5, Nov. 23. 1853.\\nNicholas H. Setts, sec. 8, Jan. 26, 1865,\\nand Feb. 2, 1866.\\nO. A. Clarke sec 8, Jan 26, 1835.\\nVolney Chapin, sec 9, May 8, 1854.\\nD. M R R., sec 9, June 3, 1863.\\nA. L. T. B. R. R., sec 9, June 3, 1863.\\nVolney Chapin, sec 9, Nov 23, 1853.\\nAlfred S. Gibson, sec 9, Aug 14, 1876.\\nSteven V. R. Trowbridge, sec 10, Dec\\n20, 1836\\nAmos Gould, sec 10, July 1, 1871\\nLemuel BrowQ, sec 11, May 16, 1837\\nVolney Chapin, sec 11, Nov 23, 1853\\nSteven V. R. Trowbridge, sec 11, Dec\\n20, 1836\\nA. L T. B. R. R., sec 11, Feb 4, 1861\\nGideon Lee, sec 12, Dec 24, 1836\\nElijah Taylor, sec 12, Aug 4, 1856\\nHenry H Putnam, sec 12, Nov 21, 1872\\nBarnard Hoppe, sec 12, May 31, 1876\\nGottleib Kohler, sec 12, May 26, 1877\\nGideon Lee, sec 13, Dec 24, 1836\\nRobert E. Craven, sec 13, April 1, 1854\\nJohn M. Gordon, sec 13, Dec 20, 1836\\nNeh. P. Peavy, sec 14, May 8, 1856\\nJ. R. Van Dusen, sec 14, Oct 23, 1860\\nJoseph G. Taylor, sec 14, April 26, 1856\\nAmos Gould, sec 14, May 25, 1872\\nJohn M. Gordon, sec 14, Dec 20, 1836\\nGideon Lee, sec 14, Dec 24, 1836\\nNathaniel Merrill, sec 14, April 1, 1854\\nStephen V. R Trowbridge, sec 15, Dec\\n20, 1836\\nD. M. R. R sec 17, June 3, 1863\\nA. L. T. B. R. R, sec 17, June 3,\\n1883\\nJohn M. Gordon, sec 20, Dec 20, 1836\\nJohn M. Gordon, sec 21, Dec 20, 1836\\nGideon Lee, sec 21, Dec 24, 1836\\nJohn M. Gordon, sees 22 and 23, Dec\\n20, 1836\\nGideon Lee, sec 23, Dec 24, 1836\\nT. Mayburry, sec 23, March 16, 1855\\nJohn McNeil, sec 24, March 16, 1S37\\nArchibald Haynian, sec 24, July 3, 1855\\nPhilip Gleason, sec 24, Jan 9, 1855\\nA. K. Cogswell, sec 25, Oct 25, 1*54\\nJohn Ford, sec 25, Jan 9, 1855\\nPhilip G. Walter, sec 25, April 25, 1.856\\nWilliam Adams, sec 26, Jan 29, 1851\\nWm, B. Yawger, sec 26, Oct 22, 1854\\nJ. Somers, sec 27, June 19 and 23, 1855\\nFreeman F. Peree, sec 27, Oct 10 and\\nNov 18, 1854\\nEmanuel Rich, sec 28, June 39, 1855\\nG. W. Hamilton, sec 28, Dec 18, 1855\\nRobert Harter, sec 28, June 16, 1866\\nHiram Burch, sec 28, June 16, is.-).-)\\nJohn L. Lewis, sec 28, July 25, 1855-\\nMiles Main, sec 28, July 25, 1855\\nIsaac Harris, sec 28, Oct 27, 1875\\nD. M. R. R., sec 29, June 3, 1863\\nA. L. T. B. R. R, sec 29, June 3, 1863\\nDavid E. Evans, sec 32, June 27, 1836\\nJohn G. Ireland, sec 33, June 7, 1836\\nGideon Lee, sec 34, Dec 24, 1836\\nG. D. Williams, sec 35, Aug 25, 1836\\nE. S. Williams, sec 35, Aug 25, 1836\\nJames Fraser, sec 35, Aug 25, 1836\\nNorman Little, sec 35, Aug 25, 1836\\nCharles H. Carroll, sec 35, Atig 25, 1836\\nWilliam T. Carroll, sec 35, Aug 25, 1836\\nGideon Lee, sec 35, Dec 24, 1836\\nJohn L Ireland, sec 36, June 7, 1836\\nThe settlers, both old and new, are as industrious as they are\\naffable. Perhaps in no part of the State can the pioneer of 50\\nyears ago find a better living remembrancer of his early days than\\nin this township. A little community of genial hearts, bound\\ntogether by a solidarity of interests as well as true friendship, exists", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0782.jp2"}, "779": {"fulltext": "ll.M IN TOWNSHIP. 793\\nthere, to tell the traveler, as it were, that there is one corner of the\\nworld, at least, free from the heavy cares which weigh upon more\\nambitious and older settlers.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nD vid Y. Bel!, second son of George and Asenath (Clapp) Bell,\\nwas bom in Cuyahoga Co., O., Jan. 10, 1*42, of Irish and English\\nancestry. I Lis first occupation was sailing on the lakes two years.\\nHe next worked on the Ohio canal five or six years. In the fall of\\nI860 he engaged in farming, at which he continued until All*. 12,\\n1861, when he enlisted at Cleveland, O., in Co. B, 2d O. Cav.\\nunder Capt. Smith, and served in the Western army. He was dis-\\ncharged Dec. 12, 1865, and returned to Ohio, and the following\\nspring he came to Chapin tp. and bought $0 acres of land on sec.\\n35, 70 of which are under cultivation. He was married in Chapin\\ntp.. Dec. 25, 1867, to Calista A., daughter of Steward and Margaret\\n(Bonsteel) Thompson, born in Summit Co., O., Aug. 2, 1S4S.\\nThey have 6 children, all born in Chapin tp. Charles H., born\\nMarch 30, 1870; Ella M., born Dec. 10, 1871; Daisy A., born\\nOct. 21, 1871; George S., born July 26, 1876; Clyde H., born\\nJuly 6, 1S78, and James C., born Jan. 29, 1881. Mr. Bell has\\nbeen Commissioner one year, Justice of the Peace six years, and\\nSchool Superintendent one year. Himself and wife are members of\\nthe Disciples of Christ.\\nFerdinand F. Smith, third son of John B. and Annie (Hardy)\\nSmith, was barn in Sullivan Co., N. Y., May 6, 1813, of English\\nand German ancestry. When four years of age his parents moved\\nto Sussex Co., N. J., where they remained until he was 20 years of\\nage, when he removed to Niagara Co., N. Y., and remained until\\nthe summer of 1857. He then removed to Ingham Co., Mich.,\\nwhere he resided until 1864, when he came to Chapin tp. and\\npurchased 36( ]acres of land on sees. 13 and 14. He was married\\nin Niagara Co., N. Y., May 11, 1843, to Clarissa, daughter of\\nTimothy and Polly (Kinney) Baird, born in Niagara Co., N. Y.\\nThey have 2 children, born in Niagara Co. Gilbert A. and Will-\\niam J. Mr. Smith has been Township Treasurer three years and\\nJustice of the Peace 11 years. He was burned out in 1871,\\nloss estimated at S2,00 Mr. Smith and wife are connected with\\nthe United Brethren Church and he is a Democrat.\\nWilliam B. Taylor, second son of Joseph G. and Almira\\nI Brundage) Taylor, was born in Adams Co., Ind., Sept. 12, 1841.\\nHis father was born June 25, 1812, of English and German ancestry.\\nEie mother was born in Now York Dec. 23, 1807. When six\\nmonths old his parents removed to Yates county, and then to Che-\\nmung county, where they resided until he was 11 years of age. In the\\nsummer of 1855 he came with parents to Chapin tp. Hepnrchased\\n40 acres of land on sec. 14, since when he has purchased 40 acres", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0783.jp2"}, "780": {"fulltext": "791\\nHISTOKY OF SAGINAW COUNTY\\nadjoining, 30 of which are under cultivation. He was married in\\nChapin tp., Dec. 3, 1865, to Sarah E., daughter of James and\\nAurora S. (Rising) Hervey, horn at Manchester, Yt., July 9,\\n1850. They have 4 children, born in Chapin tp. Ida M., born\\nSept. 10, 1866; William B., born June 29, 1871; Charles C, born\\nDec. 11, 1874, and Maude, born Aug. 11, 1877. In politics Mr.\\nTaylor is a Republican and himself and wife are members of the\\nDisciple Church. At the time of the Chicago fire he lost $50o\\nworth of farming tools, buildings, etc. Joseph G. Taylor, his\\nfather, has 40 acres of land, on sec. 1.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0784.jp2"}, "781": {"fulltext": "CHESA N I N i TOWNSHIP.\\nIn 1847 congressional township 9 north, ranges 1, 2, 3 and 4\\neast, was organized as one township by the board of Supervisors of\\nSaginaw county, and named Northampton township. The first\\nelection was held in April of that year, at which time Wm. Smith\\nwas elected Supervisor and Justice of the Peace; Rufus P. Mason,\\nClerk; and L. Stevens, Treasurer. In 1853 the name of the town-\\nship of Northampton was changed to Chesaning, an Indian\\nword signifying Big Rock. Jan. 10, 1856, township 9 north,\\nranges 1 and 2 east, was set of by the Board of Supervisors and\\ncalled Brady township, and Jan. 1, 1857, township 9 north, range\\n4 east, was set off and named Maple Grove township. So that now\\nthe territory comprising Chesaning township is six miles square,\\nexcepting the west three-quarters of sections 30 and 31, which was\\nsetoff to Brady township, and described on the map as township 9\\nnorth, range 3 east.\\nThe general surface of the land comprising Chesaning town-\\nship is undulating. The soil in most parts is a gravelly,\\nsandy loam, with small patches of a clayey loam scattered\\nhere and there. The lands of the township are very fertile,\\nand well adapted to the raising of wheat, corn, oats, potatoes,\\netc., as is well attested by the account given elsewhere of its\\nagricultural productions. Its farms are well drained by the pass-\\nage through its entire length of the beautiful and rapid Shiawassee\\nriver, which enters its southwestern corner at section 31, from which\\npoint it sweeps in a northeasterly direction to the center of the town-\\nship; thence north and leaving the township on its northern border\\nthrough section 3. This river also furnishes valuable water-power\\nprivileges.\\nThe township is also traversed by several smaller streams both\\neast and west of the Shiawassee. This section, previous to its set-\\ntlement by white men, was densely covered by timber of different\\nkinds; nearly every foot of its territory, except a few Indian-corn\\nfields, being shaded by beech, maple, oak, black walnut, butternut,\\nin the bottom lands, while on the uplands and along the margins\\nof the streams were clustered the stately pine.\\nThe Big Rock Indian reservations, amounting to 15,000 acres,\\nwere located in this township, and embraced some of its most\\nfertile portion. By a treaty made with the Chippewa Indians, this\\nland came into the market in 1841. It was stipulated that the land\\nshould not be sold for less than $5.00 per acre. The sales\\nwere to be made by auction, and the proceeds, after taking out\\nGovernment expenses in selling the lands, were to be given to the\\nIndians.\\n48 (795)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0785.jp2"}, "782": {"fulltext": "796 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAmong the first white men to profit by this land coming into\\nthe market, and the first settlers in the limits of what is now known\\nas Chesaning township, was Geo. W. Chapman, his brother Well-\\nington Chapman and Itufns P. Mason. The Chapman brothers, on\\nOct. 18, 1841, entered land on sections 9, 16, 18 and 21, and II. P.\\nMason, Nov. 26, 1841, entered land on sections 9, 21 and 28.\\nThe Chapman brothers returned to their home in Massachusetts\\nthe same fall, and the following spring, accompanied by their\\nfamilies and their uncle, Win. Smith, and his/amily, returned and\\nsettled upon their new lands; Wellington Chapman on the south-\\neast one quarter of section 16, and his brother Geo. W. on the\\nnortheast one-quarter of section 21.\\nIt was evident that both of these locations had been a favorite\\none to the aborigines, from the traces and relics left behind them,\\nthat are still occasionally found in the shape of weapons, ornaments\\nof silver, burial places, etc. On section 21 was an Indian apple-\\norchard of some 25 trees, estimated in 1841 to be 80 years old;\\nwhile on section 16, where there was an Indian corn-field, it was\\nthought from what could be learned from the Indians at that time,\\nthrough tradition, that the field had been cultivated for the same\\npurpose nearly 150 years. There was about 100 acres of land\\nof this description in the township in 1841.\\nAmong the pioneers that settled in this township in 1842 may\\nbe mentioned the names of Geo. W. Chapman and wife, with three\\nchildren Wellington Chapman, his wife and one child Wm. Smith,\\nhis wife and seven children, and P. P. Mason all from Massachusetts;\\nMr. Wright and family, from Pennsylvania; Benj. North, John M.\\nWatkins, John Ferguson and a few others, and soon afterward\\nJames Fuller. In 1845 Asahel Parks, wife and family of seven\\nchildren, settled on sections 1 and 12 north. Mr. Watkins im-\\nmediately erected a saw- mill, completing the same in 1842. This\\nwas the first saw-mill.\\nThis mill was afterward purchased by P. P. Mason and O. S.\\nChapman (the latter a non-resident), under the firm name of Mason\\nChapman. They added machinery and apparatus for what\\nwas called a pocket-mill for cracking corn, 1 and doing custom\\ngrinding. This was in 1846, and the first grist-mill in the town-\\nship, the settlers previous to this being obliged to go either to\\nOwosjso or Saginaw to get their corn or wheat made into meal or\\nflour. The site of this old mill is now occupied by the Chesaning\\nMerchant and Custom Mill in Chesaning village. The first frame\\nbuilding that was projected for a dwelling-house in the township\\nwas a one-story affair and owned by Marion Secord. It was never\\nfinished, but roughly boarded over, and occupied. In this house\\nwas the first wedding, the high contracting parties being John\\nPitts and Miss Sarah Ann Fridig. The first birth in the township\\nwas in May, 1842, being a daughter to Silas Parks. The first male\\nchild borii was Albert Chapman, son of Wellington Chapman,\\nAug. 28, 1842. The first death was a Mr. Sawyer he was buried", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0786.jp2"}, "783": {"fulltext": "ciii:sani.\\\\ TOWNSHIP. 7! 7\\non the southeast quarter of section 16. The first white man to\\nhold the plow and thus prepare the ground for seeding was\\nWellington Chapman, in 1842, on his own land on the southeast\\nquarter of section 16, on part of the old Indian corn-field. Here he\\nand his In-other, C. W. Chapman, planted seven acres to corn and\\ntwo acres to potatoes. Alongthe road on this same land the first\\nboard fence built in the township was put up in 1843, and is still\\nstanding, in a g 1 state of preservation. The first frame barn in\\nthe section was also built on this place that year. The first frame\\nbuilding erected and completed in the township was built in 1*42\\nby North and Watkins, just back of block Id, in Chesaning village,\\non the bank of the river. This was afterward occupied by R. P.\\nMason, where he opened the first store and stock of goods kept in\\nthe settlement. The first school taught in the township was by\\nMiss Eliza Ann Smith, daughter of William Smith. This was in\\nL844, 11 scholars attending. It was a subscription school,\\nami kept in what is now Chesaning village, on the east side of the\\nriver, in a rough boardshanty. R. P. Mason and Gr. W. Chapman,\\nin t845- 6, built a small frame house on lot 2, block 18, Chesaning\\nvillage, and presented the same to the district to be used for school\\npurposes this was the first regular school-house. The first\\nteacher in this building was Caroline Barnes. The building is\\nstill standing and used as a dwelling, moved to another site. The\\nnd frame dwelling in the township was built by Wellington\\nJhapman in the southeast quarter of section 0. It is still standing\\nami occupied by Mr. Chapman, though extensive additions have\\nsince been made to it. Adjoining this house still stands the sec-\\nond frame barn ever built in the township.\\nFor a long time during certain seasons of the year, especiallv\\nspring, the only means by which the settlers could reach the\\noutside world was by canoe or boat on the Shawassee river, taking\\none day to go to Saginaw City, the county-seat, and two days to\\nreturn while to get to hvosso they were obliged to use the same\\nmeans of conveyence as at first. They made frequent visits to\\nthese places after -applies, and to have their grain made into flour\\nand meal many mishaps occurred, such as the upsetting of their\\nboats and a consequent loss. Judge William Smith, the first\\nsupervisor, was obliged to use this means of conveyance to make\\nhis regular official trips to the county-seat.\\nCame was very abundant, and consisted of deer, bear, wild\\nfowls of various kinds, wolves, panthers, wild cats, foxes, etc.\\nHear meat and venison, that are now becoming such luxuries, were\\nthen the most common food to grace the pioneer s table while\\nnow it is somewhat a rarity to meet with either of the above-named\\nanimals in this vicinity, though occasionally a bear appears, as,\\nin 1*7 William Smith, jr.. being in a field back of his father s\\nhouse, espied a large black bear on the opposite sideof the river,\\nlie ran to the house after his rifle. It was the first bear he had\\never seen running wild, and he was so excited that he could not\\nanswer the family s questions as to what he was going to do,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0787.jp2"}, "784": {"fulltext": "798 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nalthough he was an old soldier, and had been in many battles or\\nthe Rebellion. Still he had what is called the buck fever,* or\\nwhat might be so called if it had been a deer. As soon as he came\\nin shooting distance, he blazed away three times while the bear\\nwas living, and twice more, probably, after the bear was dead ;and\\nhe now has the skin as a trophy.\\nEDUCATIONAL FACILITIES.\\nIn this township outside of the village of Chesaning are pro-\\nvided eight frame school-houses, valued with their furniture at\\n$4,700. During the school year ending Sept. 6, 1880, 310 scholars\\nwere in regular attendance. To instruct these pupils six male\\nteachers were employed, averaging three and one-third months\\neach, and to whom was paid $551, and 11 female teachers, who\\naveraged three and four-tenths months each, their combined sal-\\naries amounting to $779. Libraries furnished the different dis-\\ntricts amount in all to 12-1 vols.\\nAGRICULTURAL.\\nThe number of acres of land in the township is 22,080. Of this\\n5,650 acres are improved and divided among 200 different farms.\\nIn the year 18S0 there were harvested 1,604 acres of wheat, 1,063\\nacres of corn, 421 acres of oats, and 944 acres of hay. The above\\nyielded 25,543 bushels of wheat, 59,015 bushels of corn, 12,431\\nbushels of oats, and 1,328 tons of hay, while the crop of potatoes\\namounted to 14,215 bushels. The total valuation of real estate is\\n$690,900, and of personal property $78,220. As will be seen from\\nthe above figures, the average yield is very creditable, and com-\\npares favorably with that of any section of the country.\\nMINERALS, MINES, ETC.\\nUnderlying the surface, coal has been known to exist. It crops\\nout in various places, but has never been fully developed. Mr.\\nWellington Chapman, from a vein on his farm obtained several\\nwagon loads. It being but a three foot vein, and dipping so ab-\\nruptly, it was not found profitable to work, at least while fuel of\\nother kinds was in such abundance. Traces of copper have also been\\nfound to a very limited extent. From the best authority this\\ntownship is also in the great salt basin of the Saginaw Valley,\\nbut until recently nothing has been done to develop its resources\\nin that direction. The present year Messrs. Green and Gould are\\nputting down w r ells and will doubtless at no distant day have the\\nChesaning Salt Works in full running order.\\nRAILROADS.\\nThe township has but one railroad, The Jackson, Lansing\\nSaginaw. It was complete:! in 1867. The railroad enters the", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0788.jp2"}, "785": {"fulltext": "CHESANING TOWNSHIP\\n799\\ntownship goin g northeast at the northwest corner of sec. 31, pass-\\nin r in a northeasterly direction to Chesaning village, thence north\\nthrough sections 9 and 4 and passing out of its northern border.\\nThe proprietors of this road had their plans made for running\\nthe line three miles west of Chesaning village, and had it not been\\nfor the efforts of one of Ohesaning s pioneers, Geo. W. Chapman,\\nthis no doubt would have been done, and Chesaning left out, so to\\nspeak, in the cold. Mr. Chapman, realizing the benefit that would\\naccrue to the village and township by having the depot at Chesa-\\nning village, immediately took active measures to secure it. Being\\nan old railroad man and acquainted with the projectors of the\\nroad, especially O. M. Barnes, he secured an agreement from them\\nto the effect that if the village would pay a bonus of $18,000 they\\nwould run the line there and they could have the depot. Mr.\\nChapman took the matter in hand, the money was soon raised, and\\nthus Chesaninsf village secured a railroad through its limits.\\nMISCELLANKoIS.\\nThe grist-mill at Havana has two run of stone; is owned by Mrs.\\nParshall, and operated by .lames Latta, at this place. The head\\nof water is eight feet.\\nThe population of the the township in 1880 was 2,059.\\nTOWNSHIP OFFICIALS.\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nWm. Smith 1847- 9\\nJohn W. Turner l850- 3\\nJames Fuller 1854- 5\\nJohn W. Turner 1856\\nR. W. Andrus 1857\\nJ. W. Turner 1*^\\nR. W. Andrus 1859- 66\\nA.Crofoot 1 J T\\nR. W. Andrus 1868- 72\\nJames L. Helm 1872\\nS. C. Goodale 1873\\nW. H. Niver, jr 1874- 6\\nJ. W. Manning 1877- 8\\nT. L. Green 1879- 80\\nA. D. Agnew I s 1\\nCLERKS.\\nR, P.Mason 1847- 9\\nJames K. Terry 1S50\\nDavid Dresser 1 S 1\\nJ.B. Terry 1852\\nDaniel Pierce..- 1853\\nWm. I Allen 1854\\nAnson Sheldon 1855- 6\\n.Tame- Allen 1857\\nRobert (lark 1858\\nOrson J. Dayton 1859\\nR. P. Mason 1860\\nO. C. Smith 1861- 2\\nSamuel Church 1863\\nO.J. Dayton 1864- 6\\nWm. IT. Niver TS 17\\nWm. H. Niver jr l868- 72\\nIT. J. Hopkins 18T4-M\\nC. C. Tubbs 1876- 8\\nC. W. Hopkins 1879\\nC. C. Tubbs 1880\\nC.W.Hopkins 1881", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0789.jp2"}, "786": {"fulltext": "800\\nHISTORY OF .SAGINAW COUNTY\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nW. M. Smith 1847- 9\\nB.E. Crandall 1850\\nD. Dresser 1851\\nR. P. Mason 1851\\nJ. P etherington 1852\\nJ. W. Turner 1853\\nRichard Walsh 1853\\nJ. F. Coy 1854\\nJohn Pitts 1854\\nDavid Dresser 1855\\nJesse L. Fisher 1855\\nT.Stewart 1856\\nII. W. Felt 1856\\nJ. W. Turner 1857\\nGeo. L. Davis. 1857\\nWalter Burrows 1858\\nD. W. Davidson 1858\\nR. W. Andrus 1859\\nWm. Niver 1859\\nJ. H. Parshall 1860\\nA. Sheldon 1861\\nG. Rogers 1862\\nJ. C. Goodale ...1862\\nSamuel Church 1863\\nJames Miller 1864\\nL. L. Homer 1864\\nGeo. Rogers 1866\\nWin. P. Allen 1867\\nH. W. Parker 1868\\nJ. W. Jones 1869\\nIra W. La Munyon 1870\\nJ B. Gnswold 1870\\nJ T. Gleason 1871\\nW. P Dredsre 1872\\nW. E. Pratt 1872\\nA S Mallory 1873\\nA. Crofoot 1874\\nP. C. Simonds 1875\\nT. E. W. Adams 1875\\nW. P. Dredge 1876\\nS. C. Goodale 1876\\nGarret Post 1877\\nA.L. Gilbert 1877\\nJ. C. Fisher 1878\\nR. W. Crofoot 1879\\nS. C. Goodale 1879\\nJ.B. Griswold 1880\\nNathan R, Jersev 1881\\nWm L. Blakslee 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nL. Stevens 1847- 9\\nJohn B. Griswold 1850-U\\nJ. L. Fisher 1852- 3\\nJ. B. Griswold 1854 6\\nA. Crofoot 1857\\nHenry Bently 1858\\nT. Stewart 1859- 61\\nG. L. Chapman 1862- 3\\nA. Crofoot 1864\\nJ. G McCormick 1865\\nJ M Jones 1866 9\\nG. L. Chapman 1870- 3\\nT. L. Green 1874- 8\\nW. H. Niver,jr 1879\\nE. Wierman 1880\\nCyrus C. Tubbs 1881\\nThe township records pertaining to the first few years after the\\norganization of Northampton (now Chesaning) were destroyed.\\nThe organization of this township is noticed in the county his-\\ntory in this volume.\\nCHESANING VILLAGE,\\nThe beautiful village of Chesaning is situated near the center of the\\ntownship, is 21 miles by railroad from the county-seat, and 14\\nmiles north of Owosso. It contains a population of nearly 900.\\nChesaning is located in the center of the Big- Rock reservation,\\nso called from a large rock around which many an Indian council\\nwas held, that lies about one-half mile east of the village without\\nany other stone of large size in the vicinity. The Shiawassee river,\\nwith bold banks at this point, 15 to 40 feet high, runs through the\\nvillage from south to north, dividing it into nearly equal parts,\\nand furnishing valuable water-power. Its bluffs on either side are\\ndotted with the dwellings and places of business of its residents.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0790.jp2"}, "787": {"fulltext": "CHE8ANING TOWNSHIP. 801\\nThrough its western limits passes the Jackson, Lansing\\nSaginaw railroad. Here also is Located the railroad passenger\\nana freight depots, where was shipped, in 1880, 6,113,922 pounds\\nof freight; and there was received (luring the same year 2,492,369\\npounds. This is the most important railroad shipping poinl in\\nthe county, outside of the cities of Saginaw and East Saginaw.\\nThe survey for the first village plot was made in L851, and put\\non record June 25 of the same year. The surveyor was Andrew\\nHuggins. The owners and proprietors of the land were Rufus I*.\\nMason and S. Chapman. The last-named being a non-resident,\\nit was under the management of R. P. Mason. Its neat and\\nattractive dwellings are mostly frame buildings, and are sur-\\nrounded by large ami well-kept grounds.\\nThe village was incorporated in L869, and includes all of section\\nL6, the south half of section east half of section 17, west half of\\nsection 5, the southeast quarter of section 8, and the southwest\\nquarter of section L0, comprising in all 1,920 acres.\\nThe first charter election was held April 12, lsi; and resulted\\nin the following named officers being elected: President,\\nRufus P. Mason; Trustees. Henry J. Bently, Henry McCormick,\\nJames C. Goodale, N. R. Jersey, F. Walker and James L.\\nHelm.\\nApril l!\u00c2\u00bb. the Board held their first meeting and appointed T. L.\\nGreen, Clerk; J. B. Griswold, Treasurer; Anson Sheldon, Asses-\\nsor; S. C. Goodale, Marshal; Andrew Crofoot, J. J. Austin, Fire\\nWardens.\\nRELIGIOUS.\\nFrom a very early period the township has been well supplied\\nby ministers of the gospel. The Methodists were the first to hold\\nmeetings; the Presbyterians next, led by Rev. Goodale, the Bap-\\ntists following soon after. There are now three church edifices in\\nthe township, all being located in Chesaning village and built in\\nthe order named:\\nMethodist. This society held religious meetings at irregular in-\\ntervals from the very earliest settlement of the township, the\\ngatherings being principally in private houses. The earliest\\npnaeher to preside at these meetings was a Rev. Mr. Glass, of\\nShiawassee !o. Among the early pioneer members of this society\\nwen- Watters Burrows and his wife, John B. Griswold and wife,\\nand James Fuller and wife. Among the early preachers were\\nRev. F. A. Blades and Rev. Mr. Glass. In 1856 a famous revival\\nwas held by an evangelist by the name of Wells. During this\\nmeeting some VM converts were made. Immediately following\\nthis the conference sent Rev. S. P. Murch to supply the pulpit\\nlie was the first resident pastor sent by the conference. 1864,\\nthe congregation having largely increased in numbers, a subscrip-\\ntion was started for the purpose of raising sufficient funds to erect\\na house of worship, they up to this time having held meetings in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0791.jp2"}, "788": {"fulltext": "802\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nprivate houses, school-houses, etc. The subscription was started\\nby Mr. R. P. Mason for $100; Gr. W. Chapman, $100; and by\\nnumerous other parties for different amounts. A site for the\\nbuilding was donated by O. S. Chapman and work was vigorously\\nbegun on the same. It was completed and dedicated in 1869, at a\\ncost of $3, 100. It is a frame structure 36x65 feet, and has a seating-\\ncapacity of 300.\\nThe church is now out of debt, and has a membership of 110.\\nThe Sunday-school is in a prosperous condition, and has an\\nattendance of 150 scholars, for whose use a good library is sup-\\nplied.\\nThe present pastor is Rev. J. Frazer, who is also superintendent\\nof Sunday-school.\\nThe first class organized was in 1854, by John Levington. The\\nmembers of the class were William Smith and wife, Lyman\\nStevens, B. .S. Badgley, James Allen and W. II. Niver.\\nNAMES OF PASTOKS.\\n1853,\\n1853,\\n1854,\\n1855,\\n1856,\\n1858,\\n1859,\\n1860,\\n1861,\\n1862,\\n1863,\\nF. A. Blades,\\nGlass,\\nJohn Livingston,\\nJ. M. Arnold,\\nS. P. Murch,\\nE. B. Prindle,\\nSilliman,\\nBritten,\\nJ. B. Russell,\\nJ. T. Hankinson,\\nW. H. Benton,\\n1864,\\n1866,\\n1869,\\n1871,\\n1873,\\n1874,\\n1874,\\n1876,\\n1878,\\n1880,\\nC. W. Austin,\\nA. B. Clough,\\nIT. W. Hicks,\\nW. E. Dunning,\\nJ. T. Hankinson,\\nF. W. May,\\nO. W. Mott,\\nJ. II. Mcintosh,\\nC. Kollorman,\\nJ. Frazer.\\nBaptist Church. Previous to 1S51- some few Christians of this\\ndenomination had settled in this township, and meetings had\\nbeen held. In the year above given an organization had been\\nperfected, and meetings held at intervals in various places, but\\nowing to imperfect records much has been lost of the history of\\nthose meetings.\\nIn June, 1878, Elder E. B. Edmonds organized a Baptist confer-\\nence at Chesaning village. The constituent members were Mr.\\nand Mrs. F. C. Brainard, Warren Brainard, Deacon Brainard and\\nwife, Deacon W. L. Blakslee and wife, Volney Ketchnm and wife,\\nMr. Ellis and wife, Mrs. Hill, Miss Kellogg, Mrs. E. B. Fletcher,\\nJohn Clement and others, amounting in all to about 21. The\\nsociety now numbers some 28 members, and is steadily growing.\\nConnected with the Church is a Sunday-school of 60 scholars. Rev.\\nJohn McLane, present minister.\\nThis is what is called a mission point in the Baptist Church,\\nthe society at Chesaning village, owing to the limited membership,\\nbeing aided by the Home Mission in meeting the expenses of the\\nChurch organization. They have no church building, and hold\\nregular services in the German Evangelical church.\\nThe society owns a parsonage, valued at $800, and also a lot on\\nwhich they intend erecting a church building at no distant day.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0792.jp2"}, "789": {"fulltext": "CHESANING township. 803\\nEvangelical Church. Organized 1871, with a membership of\\nL8 the first pastor was a Rev. Mr. Ream. The congregation\\nheld meetings in a rented hall until 1S77, when they erected a\\nchurch edifice on block 17, lot 1 Chesaning village, at a cost of\\n$2,100. It is a neat and substantial frame building. 34x40 feet.\\nThe church was built principally through the exertions of one of\\nits most active members, Mr. C. Moessner, who not only gave $200\\ntoward the same, but spent much time in supervising the work,\\nraising subscriptions, etc. John Knut subscribed $100, and other\\nparties lesser amounts.\\nThe present officiating pastor is Rev. Louis Bruran. Their Sun-\\nday-school has in attendance 25 scholars, for whom a suitable\\nlibrary is provided.\\nEvangelical Lutheran Church. This denomination held meet-\\nings in tins township as early as in 1S65. the pastor being the Rev.\\nMr. Miller. They met for the worship of God at private houses in\\nthe neighborhood until 1874, when they purchased lot 6, block 17.\\nin the village of Chesaning, and they erected thereon the present\\nchurch building, at a cost of $1,2 0. It is a frame structure 24 by\\n36 feet in size. Present membership is 23. Present minister is\\nRev. J. Meyer. Sunday-school contains 20 scholars.\\nWild- Wood Cemetery. -In the northwestern corner of the\\nnorthwest quarter of sec. 28, on a beautiful plat of ground, along the\\nbank of the Shiawassee river, is located Wild-AVood cemetery. It\\nis neatly laid out in walks and wards. In these grounds overlook-\\ning the Shiawassee valley lie at rest many of Chesaning s pioneers\\nand worthy citizens. With their lives passed away the wily sav-\\nage, the ferocious wild beast and the trackless forest. To the\\ndauntless courage and untiring industry of these pioneers, and\\ntheir few compatriots, who still remain with us on this side of the\\nriver, too much tribute cannot be paid. As brave and honorable\\nmen they lived; let their memory be cherished with pride and\\naffection.\\nSOCIETIES.\\nChesaning Lodge, F. A. M., No. l .\u00c2\u00bb4. was granted a charter\\nfrom the Grand Lodge of the State dan. 1* 18b7. The charter\\nmembers were J. J. Austin. J. X. Eldred, W. W. Wyman, II. F.\\nArmstrong, E. 11. Sternes, E. W. Damon and Joseph Bush. Its\\nfirst officers were .1. J. Austin, W. M. J. N. Eldred, S. W.; and\\nII. F. Armstrong, J. W. The present officials are as follows: N.\\n\\\\l. Jersey, W. M.: W. W. Wyman. S. W.; L. W. Everts. J. W.;\\nand G. Lyman Chapman, See. The lodge now has 60 members\\nin good standing. They hold meetings Thursday evenings on or\\nbefore the full moon of each month.\\nChesaning Chapter, II. A. .1/.. No. 67, meets the first Tuesday\\nin each month. The chapter was instituted dan. 19, 1869. The\\ncharter members were M. W. Quackenbush, EL P.: Frank P.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0793.jp2"}, "790": {"fulltext": "804 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nKenyon, K. J. J. Austin, S. R. W. Andrews, J. L. Helm, Win.\\nP. Allen, J. M. Jones, J. JNT. Eldred, John Rogers, 0. C. Goodale,\\nand others. The pre suit officers are: W. H. H. Chapman, H.\\nP.; H. J. Hopkins. Iv. John B. Griswold, S. 1ST. R. Jersey, Sec.\\nChesaning Lodge* No. 103, 0. 0. F. was granted its charter\\nOct. 31, 1866. The charter members were Frank P. Kenyon, -his.\\nC. Goodale, Jas. H. Young, Wm. R. Smith and Daniel C. Par-\\nshall. The lodge holds regular meetings every Monday night.\\nMembership is 35.\\nChesaning Encampment, No. 76, I. 0. O. F., meets the 2d\\nand 4th Wednesdays of every month.\\nTJtv Chesaning Grange, No. 464, was organized June 23, 1874,\\nwith a membership of about 30. Its officers were Samuel Carson,\\nMaster; David Peet, Treasurer, and O. W. Damon, Secretary. It\\nnow numbers 25 members. R. A. Wilson is Master; O. W.\\nDamon, Secretary; and David Peet, Treasurer. The grange holds\\nmeetings the 1st and 3d Saturdays of each month.\\nChesaning Lodge* No. 1,S16, K. of H., was organized and char-\\ntered Sept. 19, 1879, with a membership of about 20. Present\\nmembership is 23. Its meetings are held 2d and 4th Friday\\nevenings of each month, in the I. O. O. F. Hall. O. F. Walker\\nis Dictator, and D. O. Quigley, Reporter.\\nGood Templar*. There is a lodge of the Independent Order of\\nGood Templars in the village.\\nLadies Library Association.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 -In 1877 a few ladies in the village,\\nrealizing the importance of and the benefits that accrue to the cit-\\nizens from having a large library of miscellaneous books perma-\\nnently established in the place to which the people could have\\naccess, formed the above named association. On the organization\\nof the society, they possessed but 50 volumes, and fixed the mem-\\nbership fees at one dollar per annum. Mrs. II. J. Bently was\\nelected President; Mrs. W. H. H. Chapman, Secretary; Mrs. G.\\nL. Chapman. Treasurer; and Mrs. T. L. Green, Librarian of the\\nassociation. It is distinctively a ladies enterprise; no males\\nbeing allowed to vote at election of any of its officers. It is\\nsupported by membership fees, voluntary contributions, etc. They\\nalso occasionally secure the services of public speakers and lecturers\\nto deliver addresses before the association on scientific and other\\nsubjects, the proceeds being applied to the purchase of new books\\nand other expenses. Adjoining the library room is fitted up an ele-\\ngant parlor, where the ladies meet for social converse, reading, or\\nto transact the business of the society. During the past four years\\nthe number of volumes on its shelves have increased to 428. It\\nhas proven a success, .and may now be counted as one of the im-\\nportant and permanent institutions of the village. The present\\nofficers are Mrs. S. E. Cheyney, President; Mrs. Catharine Rogers,\\nSecretary; Mrs. W. II. II. Chapman, Treasurer; and Mrs. Phoebe\\nMayheifer, Librarian.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0794.jp2"}, "791": {"fulltext": "CHESANING TOWMSHIP. 805\\nCHE8ANING VILLAGE SCHOOLS.\\nThe village is supplied with two school buildings; one is a brick,\\nwhich was erected at a cost, including furniture, of $14,000. In\\nthis building is kept a graded school, and three teachers are em-\\nployed. The other is a frame building and is used for a primary\\nschool. The seating capacity of the two buildings is 280. Num-\\nber of pupils in attendance for the school year of 1880 was 231.\\nOne male teacher was employed at a salary of $700. Three female\\nteachers received salaries which amounted to $840. School year\\nis 10 months. School library contains 64 volumes.\\nMERCANTILE, MANUFACTURING AND MILLING INTERESTS.\\nThere are within the village limits the following stores and places\\nof business: Four general stores, five groceries, three hardware stores,\\ntwo furniture stores, two boot and shoe stores, two millinery stores,\\ntwo drug stores, two restaurants, two hotels, two wagon shops, two\\nharness shops, two meat markets, five blacksmith shops, one foun-\\ndry, one planing-mill, one stave and heading factory, one merchant\\nand custom flouring mill, one printing office, which issues the\\nWeekly Argus, and salt works not yet in operation. Six physi-\\ncians reside in Chesaning.\\nAmong the firms that may be especially mentioned as among the\\nmost enterprising business men of the place are Chapman Bros.,\\nH. J. Bently and Thos. L. Green, who each carry a large stock\\nand full line of goods usually found in first-class general stores; A.\\nS. Bearer, A. C. Christian and Lyman O. Ford, who supply the\\nresidents with groceries; J. B. Griswold, who keeps a hardware\\nstore; L. L. Homer, proprietor of a meat market; Eldred Co.\\nand Wm. II. Niver, representing the drug trade; Win. H. Walker,\\nowner of a furniture store; C. Moessner, boot and shoe retailer;\\nGarrett Post, proprietor of the Waverly House; and Geo. W.\\nWilliams, who operates an extensive foundry established in 1877.\\nA planing-mill, managed by A. A. Belden Co.; mill was built\\nin 1868 on the site of one that was burned; has a 15-horse-power\\nengine, New York make. Employs on an average 15 men. Capa-\\ncity in planing is 1,000 feet per hour; and in matching, 500 feet\\nper hour.\\nThe stave factory carried on by J. J. Campbell is one of the\\nmost important industries of the village. In this establishment\\nare employed 42 men and boys. The motive power is a 35-horse-\\npower engine; the factory has a capacity for making 3,000,000\\nstaves and 10,000 barrel headings per annum.\\nThe merchant and custom flouring mill, owned and operated by\\nR. A. Wilson, occupies the site of the pioneer corn cracker. It\\nis a three-story-and-a-half frame building, 40x50 feet on the ground;\\nis fitted with four run of stone and improved machinery, and cost\\nits present owner $15,000. Its grinding capacity is 60,000 bushels", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0795.jp2"}, "792": {"fulltext": "806\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nof grain per annum, and averages 40,000 bushels. Its machinery\\nis run by water power, tlie u Shiawassee furnishing a never-failino*\\nsupply. From this mill are annually shipped 600 barrels of flour.\\nPOSTOFFICE.\\nWith the exception of the postoffice at Saginaw City and East\\nSaginaw, this office is the most important one in the county.\\nThere are received and distributed at this office each week 260\\nweekly newspapers and magazines, and 35 daily papers. Its average\\nreceipt of letters for distribution in the village and township is\\n200 per day, while they send to other offices 100 letters daily. In\\nthe money-order department they issue orders yearly to the\\namount of $18,000 to $20,000. The present postmaster is Thos.\\nL. Greene.\\nTHE FIRST LAND-BUYERS.\\nThe first purchasers of the United States Lands in this township\\nare named in the following list:\\nWillard Parker, sec 1, Aug 1, 1853\\nElijah Anderson, sec 1, Nov 11, 1854\\nTruman Scott, sec 1. Jan 3, 1855\\nWilliam H. Fisher, sec 1, Jan 3, 1855\\nEdward H. Stearns, sec 1, Nov 7. 1S54\\nElijah P. Burt, sec 2. March 1, 1854\\nThomas Monish, sec 2, Nov 7, 1854\\nBartholomew Glass, sec 2, Nov 7, 1854\\nJoel Bardwell, sec 2, Nov 7, 1854\\nGe rge W. Lee, sec 2, March 1, 1854\\nHorace G. Soule, sec 3, June 27, 1855\\nJames Cummins, sec 3, Sept 28, 1855\\nHiram Walker, sec 3, Sept 13, 1855\\nWilliam P. Allen, sec 3, Sept 13, 1855\\nGiles Bishop, sec 3. Dec 7, 1854\\nRobert Nason, sec 3, Nov 20,1851\\nA. L. T. B. R R. sec 3, Dec 1, 1862\\nHiram Walker, sec 3, Oct 1, 1855\\nAlfred Russell, sec 3, Oct 1, 1855\\nIsrael Parshall, sec 3, June 18, and Dec\\n19, 1855\\nSalmon A. Mitchell, sec 4, Nov 15, 1850\\nRuths P. Mason, sec 4, Jan 4, 1851\\nJames Fuller, sec 4, Jan 4, 1851\\nJohn Pitts, sec 4, Feb 18, 1852\\nJoseph Loekwood, sec 4, Jan 19, 1854\\nHenry T. Sherbock, sec 4, Nov 1854\\nA. F. McCarty, sec 4, Dec 27, 1854\\nDaniel Brooks, sec 4, Dec 27, 1854\\nRobert H. Nason, sec 4, Dec 25, 1854\\nJohn L. Smith, sec 4, May 16, 1854\\nJustin D. Inn-alls, sec 4,Dec 15,1847\\nRufus P. Mason, sec 4, Nov 22, 1850\\nJames Fuller, sec 4, Nov 22, 1850\\nJames C. Fuller, sec 4, March 1, 1851\\nRobert H. Nelson, sec 4, Oct 18, 1S54\\nEdward Smith, sec 4, May 16, 1854\\nJames C. Fuller, sec 4, June 1, 1S54\\nJos. R. Thompson, sec 5. Oct 24, 1853\\nJohn T. Tallman, sec 5, Feb 11, 1837\\nFranklin Moore, sec 5, Nov 10, 1853\\nMartha A. Griswold, sec 5, Nov 7, 1854\\nBenjamin Johnson, sec 5. Nov 7. 1854\\nBarnard Lenmon, sec 6, Nov 7, 1854\\nCharles AVhitlaker, sec 6, Nov 7, 1854\\nWarner J. Jobdill, sec 6, Nov 7. 1854\\nIsaiah Rathburn, sec 6, Nov 7, 1854\\nJohn B. Hamilton, sec 7, Nov 7, 1851\\nBernard Frener, sec 7, Nov 7, ls54\\nThomas Lister sec 7. Dec 2, 1854\\nH. H. Neff, sec 7, Aug 28, and Nov 7,\\n1854\\nWilliam P. Allen, sec 7, Amr 3 1853\\nGideon Lee. sec 8, Jan 21, 1837\\nCharles English, sec 8, Jan 17. 1837\\nJohn W. Turner, sec 9, Feb 12. 1852\\nDavid Dresser, sec 9, June 11, 1849\\nWin. Dresser, sec 9, June 11, 1849. and\\nNov 16, 1850\\nRufus P. Mason, sec 9, Nov 26, 1841\\nW. Chapman, sec 9, Oct 18, 1841\\nG. W. Chapman, sec 9, Oct 18, 1841\\n\\\\V. Chapman, sec !i, March 5 ls4 r\\nJames Fuller, see 9, Ocl 17, 1843\\nW. Chapman, sec 9, April 23. 1855\\nJohn S. Smith sec 9, April 23, 1855\\nAlbert G. W. Smith, sec 9, Oct 26. 1854\\nJamps C. Fuller, sec 9, Nov 16, 1850,\\nand Sept 1, 1851\\nSilas W. Legg, sec 9, Oct 3, 1855\\nSamuel Scribbens. sec 9, Oct 3, 1855\\nW. Chapman, sec 9, April 23, 1855\\nAllen O. Templer, sec 9, Jan 14, 1856\\nRichard Odell. sec 9, May 4, 1855\\nL. G. Harkness, sec 10, Aug 18, 1863\\nD. M. Harkness, sec 10, Aug 18, 1863", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0796.jp2"}, "793": {"fulltext": "CHE8ANIKG TOWNSHIP\\nsi\u00c2\u00bb7\\nHiram Walker, sec 10, Oct 1. 1855\\nAlfred Kom.ii. sec 10, Ocl 1. 1855\\nII K. Kinney, sec 10, Sepl 30, and Dec\\n39, 18 j4\\nWellington Chapman, sec 10, Nov\\n16, 1850, and April 23, 1855\\nC. II Carroll, sec 11, July 14, 1836\\nW. T. Carroll, sec 11, July 14, 1836\\nGideon Lee, sec 11, Jan 21, is:;:\\nGideon Lee, mm- 12, .Ian 21, 1837\\nC.H. Carmll. sec 12, July 14. 1886\\nW. 1 Carroll, sec 12, July 14. 1886\\nSarah P. Richardson, sec 12, Oct 10,\\n1836\\nAbels Donels n, sec 13, Nov 7. 1854\\nWilliam Griswold, sec 13, Nov 6, 1854\\nFranklin Walker. Bee 13. Nov 7, is:, I\\nWashington D. Morton, sec 13, Nov 7,\\n1854\\nWm. Griswold, sec 13, Nov 7, 1854\\nDavid Richards, sec 14. Nov 7, 1854\\nCyrus Hewitt, sec 14 Nov7.1854\\nB. Matthewson, sec 14. Nov 7, 1854.\\nHiram Walker, sec 15, Nov 1, 1855\\nAlfred Russell, secl5, Nov 1, 1855\\nAbigail 15. Allen, sec 15, Feb 16, 1856\\nG. W. Smith, sec 15, July 2, 1855\\nJohn T. Turner, sec 15, Juue 7, 1855\\nW. P.Allen, sec 15, June 6, 1855\\nJames Fuller, sec 15, July 14, 1848\\nJohn W. Turner, sec 15. May 30, 1853\\nEdward II. Stern, sec 15, May 30, 1853\\nE. S. Bennei t, sec 15, Nov 22. 1855\\nW. D. Morton, sec 15, Sept 26, 1855\\nHorace C. Soule, sec 15, June 8, 1855\\nTirrah McArthur, sec 15, June 15, 1848\\nC. Kimberly, sec 15, June 15, 1848\\nRensselaer Allen, sec 15, Sept 28,1853\\nC C. Hascall, sec 16, Jan 24, 1842\\nJohn Ferguson, sec 16, Jan 24, 1842\\nBenjamin North, sec 16, Jan 24. 1842\\nJohn M. Watkins, sec 16, Jan 24, 1842\\nW. Chapman, sec 16, Oct 18, 1841\\nJ.M. Watkins, sec 16, June 22, 1842\\nL. C. Smith, sec 16, March 27, 1854\\nAlbert G. Smitb,sec 16, Ocl 20, 1854\\nSamuel Leonard, sec Hi. Feb 5. 1855\\nWaters Burrows sec Pi. June 4, 1855\\nSamuel Noyes, sec 17, Jan 16, 1837\\nIsaac Brown, sec 17, Jan 16, 1837\\nB. F. Town, sec 17. Jan 16, 1837\\nc. Hamilton.sec 17, Feb 11, 1837\\nW. H. 11 Elliott, sec !7..Ian 16, 1837\\nRobert Harper, sec 17, Feb 11, 1837\\nJohn Tallman, sec 18, Feb 11, 1837,\\nGeo. Woodman, sec 18, Ang7, 1854\\nChauncey Metcalf, sec 18, Feb 11, 1837\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2lame. B. Hunt,sec 19, Jan 20, 1837\\nJ.T. Tallman, sec 19, Feb n. is.;;\\nOshea Cova, sec 19, Nov 14, 1854\\nI). VanWormer, sec 19, Jan Hi, 1837\\nWaters Burrows, sec 20, June 4, 1855\\nDavid Peet,sec 20, June 23, 1855\\nE. W. Damon sec 20, June 23, 1855\\nJames Chambers, sec 20, Aug 31, 1855\\nDavid Peel, sec 20. Oct 5. 1855\\nEdward Smith, sec 20, May.10, 1856\\nWilliam Smith, sec 20. Jan 10. 1853\\nIsrael Parshall, sec 20, Dec. IS, 1855\\nJames Allen, sec 20, Sept 15, 1855\\nW. Chapman, sec21, Oct 18, 1841\\nGeo. L, Davis, sec 21. Oct 7, 1851\\nRufus Mason, set: 21, Nov 26, 1841\\no. S. Chapman, sec 21, July 16, 1842\\nGiles Bishop, sec 21, Nov 28. 1854\\nGeo. W. Chapman, sec 21, Oct 18, 1841\\nS. Leonard, sec 21, Feb 5 and June 16\\n1855\\nWarren S. Ward, sec 22, April. 28, 1855\\nGiles Bishop, sec 22, June 2, 185G\\nGeo. W. Chapman, sec 22, April 5, 1854\\nJulia Ann Nell sec 22, Nov 2, 1855\\nE.G. Goddard, sec 22, Aim- 18, 1863\\nBenj. S Bad uely, sec 22, Dec 20, 1854\\nHenry P. Emery, sec 22, Dec 20, 1854\\nII. A. Tobias, sec 22, Dec 2, 1854\\nCrrice Mathewson, sec 28, Nov 7, 1854\\nEugene Willhne, sec 23, Nov 7, 1854\\nThomas Partridge, sec 23, Nov 7, 1854\\nAnderson Bump, sec 24, Nov 7, 1854\\nT. J. Johnson, sec. 24. Nov. 7, 1854\\nAbram Slocum, sec. 24, Nov 7, 1854\\nN. G. Clark, sec 24, Nov 7, 1854\\nHiram Willes, sec 24, Nov 7, 1854\\nJohn Reid, sec 25, Nov 7, 1854\\nJohn Brace, sec 25, Nov 13, 1854\\nCharles Bell, sec 25, Nov 7, 1854\\nIra Stanard, sec 25, Nov 7, 1854\\nAsahel Townsend, sec 25. Nov 7, 1854\\nJames C Townsend, sec 25, Nov 7,1854\\nAnson Sheldon, sec 26, Nov 7, 1854\\nGeo. C. Reid, jr., sec 26, Nov 7, 1854\\nReuben Vanf efflin, sec 26, Nov 7, 1854\\nGiles Bishop, sec 27, June 2, 1856\\nA. L. T. B. R. R., sec 27, Dec 1, 1862\\nBenj. S. Badgely, sec 27. Dec 20, 1854\\nHenry R. Emery, sec 27, Dec 20, 1854\\nSolomon Tobias, sec 27, Dec 2, 1854\\nElisha Taylor, sec 27, Jau 10, 1856\\nHenry C. Thayer, sec 27, Dec 2, 1854,\\nMay 17, and Sept 24, 1855\\nRufus P. Mason, sec 28, Nov 26, 1841\\nGiles Bishop, sec 28, Feb 12, March 14,\\nMay 24, and June 5, 1855\\nJohn Ferguson, sec 29, Jau 24, 1842\\nBenj. North, sec 20. Jan 24, 1842\\nJ. M. Watkins. sec 29, Jan 24, 1842\\nBenj. North, sec 20, May 21. 1844\\nDaniel North, sec 20, May 21, 1844\\nO. S. Chapman, see 26. April 17, 1844\\nStephen Bentley, sec 20, Feb 16, 1850\\nO. S. Chapman, sec 29. April 5, 1851\\nRufus P. Mason, sec 20. Aprils, 1851\\nIsrael Parshall, sec 20, June 4. 1855\\nGiles Bishop, sec 20. Dec (j, 1854\\nDaniel Pierce, sec 29, Nov 20, 1850\\nGiles Bishop, sec 20. Nov 28,1854\\nO. S. Chapman, sec 29, July 16, 1S42\\nI). McArthur, sec 29, Aug 15, 1854\\nJames Wadsworth, sec 30, July 7. 1836", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0797.jp2"}, "794": {"fulltext": "808\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThomas Stewart, sec 30, Nov 1, 1855\\nL. C. Smith, sec 30, Aug 27, 1855\\nJ. B Griswold, sec 30. Jul}- 1, 1850\\nD. Mc Arthur, sec 30, Aug 15, 1854\\nHermann Ladd, sec 31, June 18, 1826\\nCharles Little, sec 31, June 18, 1826\\nCornelius Bergen, sec 31, Jan 15. 1836\\nNorman Little, sec 31, Feb 23, 1836\\nA. Q W. Smith, sec 31, Oct 20, 1854\\nA. E. Hernington, sec 31, June 18, 1855\\nPhilip Mickles, sec 31, Sept 3, 1855\\nA. L. Williams, sec 31, Sept 19, 1855\\nStephen Bentley, sec 32, Feb 16, 1850\\nIsrael Parshall, sec 32, June 4, 1855\\nBenj. S. Badgely, sec 32, Dec 20, 1854\\nHenry R. Emery, sec 32, Dec 20, 1*54\\nIsrael Parshall, sec 32, Oct 18, 1855\\nPhilip Mickles, sec 32, Sept 8, 1855\\nA. L. Williams, see 32, Sept 19, is.-,:,\\nWm. B. Irwin, sec 32, S=ept28, 1855\\nNorman Parshall sec 32, Oct IS, 1855\\nGeo. V. N. Lothrop, sec 33, Sept 27,\\n1855\\nL. G. Harkness, sec 34 Aug 18, 1863\\nD. M. Harkness, sec 34, Aug is. 1863\\nThomas Fuote, sec 34, Jan 2, 1855\\nJesse Fenny, sec 34, Sept 6 1 855\\nElislnt Taylor, sec 34, Jan 10, 1856\\nM. J. Barrett, sec 35, Nov 7, 1854\\nGeo. Crocker, sec 35, Nov 7, 1854\\nLeonard Wesson, sec 35, Nov 7, 1854\\nR. D. Lamond, sec 36, Nov 7, 1854\\nA FRIGHTFUL MURDER.\\nOne of the most brutal murders ever perpetrated was that of\\nCharles Smith, of Chesaning, on the morning of Sept. 13. 1876. It\\nbrought a blush of shame into the features of man and woman, and\\nstained the Centennial year with a crime as horrible as its cause\\nwas base. The Courier report of that murder and the trial which\\nsucceeded it was full and accurate, so that from it alone we take\\nthe following particulars of the disgraceful tragedy:\\nCharles Smith owned and lived on a fine 40-acre farm, the\\nproduct of his own industry and frugality, situated about one and\\none-half miles south of the village on the Corunna road. At about\\ntwo o clock on the morning of Sept. 13, 1876, the barn belonging\\nto his premises was discovered to be on fire, and although the\\nneighbors were on hand very soon after the tire originated, it was\\nimpossible for them to render any efficient aid, and the building\\nwas almost totally consumed. Smith was missing, and inquiries\\nwere made concerning him. Mrs. Smith said- she had seen him\\nenter the barn after the tire had gained considerable headway, and\\nhad not seen him afterward. The fire raged until it consumed\\nall that it could reach, and after it had gone down sufficiently to\\nadmit of it, a search was made in the ruins for the body of Smith.\\nOn what was left of the barn floor the remains were fonnd in a ter-\\nriblj 7 burned condition, surrounded by a smoldering heap of straw\\nand other debris.\\nMr. Smith s family consisted of his wife, Mrs. Mary Jane Smith,\\nCora Rolfe, a 12-year old daughter of Mrs. Smith by a former hus-\\nband, a little son aged seven years, and one aged about three, both\\nhis children by Mary Jane Smith. Yisiting in his family at the\\ntime of the fire were Mrs. Julia Ann Cargin, a sister of Mrs.\\nSmith, and her newly married husband, Freeman Cargin, residents\\nof Katonah, Westchester Co., .N Y. The Cargins were on their\\nwedding tour. There was a young man named Norris Alexander,\\nwho had worked on the farm at various times for Smith, but there\\nhad been difficulty between the two men and Alexander had been\\ndischarged. Alexander first went to Smith s to work when he was", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0798.jp2"}, "795": {"fulltext": "CHESANING TOWNSHIP. 809\\na lad between 14- and 15 years of age, and made his home there\\nmost of the time up to the opening of this narrative. His reputa-\\ntion was not of the best, and once he was sent to the House of Cor-\\nrection in Detroit for larceny. We introduce Alexander with the\\nfamily, because he figures very prominently in their destinies, as\\nwill be Been further on.\\nThere had been difficulties in the family. Mr. and Mrs. Smith\\nnot agreeing very well, and the peace of the husband and wife\\nwas not augmented by the presence of Oargin and his wife, al-\\nthough the latter were on their honeymoon trip. Alexander.\\nfamiliarly known as Nock, a nickname for Norris, had also been\\nheard to make remarks that showed a bitter feeling toward Smith.\\nIt seems also that young Alexander took lodgings at the Waverly\\nHouse in Chesaning on the night in question. He was supposed to\\nhave been in bed all night and in the morning, but there are indi-\\ncations that he had been out at the window of his room during the\\nnight. Joseph Miller, a neighbor of Smith s, had seen two men\\ncome out of the house and go to the barn about 20 minutes before\\nthe fire was discovered. It appeared also that Mrs. Smith had lately\\nmade inquiry in the neighborhood if she could hold her husband s\\nproperty in case of his death.\\nA combination of all these circumstances led the neighbors to\\nsuspect that there had been some crooked transactions. The coro-\\nner s inquest on the body resulted in a verdict indicating that the\\ndeceased came to his death by murder in his own house that the\\nbody was conveyed thence to the barn and there burned with the\\nbuilding, and that suspicion pointed to Mrs. Smith, wife of the de-\\nceased. Freeman Cargin and his wife, and Norris Alexander. The\\nparties were immediately arrested, and followed by an excited mob\\nof the citizens of Chesaning. they were conducted to the depot and\\nthence to Saginaw City, where they were lodged in jail.\\nThe preliminary examination of the prisoners commenced before\\nJustice J. W. Clark, in Saginaw City, on the afternoon of Sept.\\nIS, Prosecuting Attorney William Gillett appearing for the People,\\nand \u00c2\u00a5m, A. Clark for the defense. The prisoners were all in court,\\nand the women looked quite agitated. During the course of the\\ntestimony Mrs. Cargin was attacked with a sort of spasm, the\\nsymptoms of which were quite alarming, although she came out of\\nit all right.\\nA great many of the neighbors were sworn on the examination.\\nand Wednesday, the 20th, the prisoners consented to waive further\\nexamination, preferring to take their chances in the circuit court.\\nTHE TRIAL OF CARGIN.\\nOn Monday, Dec. 11, the trials commenced before Judge Tennant,\\neach to have a separate trial. Freeman Cargin was the first to be tried.\\nMessrs. Win. A. Clark and Win. A. Clark, jr., and John Hurst ap-\\npeared for the defense, and Prosecuting Attorney Gillett and his", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0799.jp2"}, "796": {"fulltext": "810 HISTOEY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\npartner in civil business, Lawson C. Holden, for the prosecution.\\nThere had been very much talk concerning the trial, and a great\\nmany men otherwise qualified for jurors had read the testimony on\\nthe examination, formed opinions, and consequently were ineligible.\\nEighty jurors were sworn in this case before 12 eligible ones could\\nbe obtained. The regular panel of 2-1 and 56 talesmen were sworn,\\nand at 3:10 p. m. on the 12th, both sides were satisfied with the fol-\\nlowing named gentlemen as jurors George Jenner, J. M. Wilson,\\nGeorge Streeb, W. E. Smythe, John Zimmerman, Porter Stewart,\\nW. B. Stillman, Charles Bnrdick, John Howell, Joseph T. Man-\\nning, Frank Benjamin, John Baar.\\nInterest in this case among the citizens of East Saginaw, Saginaw\\nCity and the surrounding country had been gradually working up\\nas it became more and more clear that there was a strong case\\nagainst the accused. Wednesday, Dec. 13, the court room was\\npacked to its utmost capacity, and the stairs were crowded. Many,\\ntired of tiwing to hear a word, or to get even a glimpse of the\\nprisoners, filed away with the consolation that they would see a full\\naccount of it in the morning papers. The reason of this augment-\\nation of interest was the rumor that Dan P. Foote, counsel for\\nNorris Alexander, had advised his client to plead guilty, and that,\\nin accordance with this advice Alexander would so plead and make\\na full confession of the crime in all its details. This proved true,,\\nfor this prisoner was brought into court in the forenoon, and\\npleaded guilty to the charge of murder. At 2:30 p.m. Alexander\\nwas produced in court, and being called to the stand as the People s\\nwitness, told a tale, compared with which ordinary tales of bloody\\nmurder are but cheerful Christmas stories. Mr. Clark, counsel for\\ndefense, objected, because Alexander was examined under the same\\ncharge as Cargin, and a party substantially to the record of this\\ncase. The objection was overruled, and Alexander took the stand,\\nwhen he related that terrible story of murder with a nonchalance\\nwhich only a communist could admire. It was proved and admit-\\nted that the murderers did their dreadful act at the house and took\\nthe dying man out to the barn, which they set on fire, probably\\nbefore the poor victim was dead.\\nJudge Tennant sentenced the principal murderer to solitary con-\\nfinement in the State s prison for life. Julia Cargin, the consort\\nmurderess, received a similar sentence. Mrs. Smith and her para-\\nmour, Norris Alexander, were also convicted of murder in the\\nfirst degree. Judge Tennant, in passing sentence on the murderess,\\nsaid: Your life is forfeited to the State, yet for public policy, and\\nthat alone, your sentence will be lessened; you may live to come\\nout of prison, and to see your children, now small and tender,\\ngrown to manhood and womanhood, but you cannot enjoy them,\\nfor they will disown you and cast you aside. What can they think\\nof the mother that so foully slew their father? Her sentence was\\na term of 15 years imprisonment at hard labor. Owing to the\\ntact that Alexander turned State s evidence, his punishment was\\nreduced to 10 years at hard labor.\\nI", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0800.jp2"}, "797": {"fulltext": "^^fe^, Jl*t", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0801.jp2"}, "798": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0802.jp2"}, "799": {"fulltext": "CHESANING TOWNSHIP. 813\\nThis brief account of a terrible tragedy is one of a number that\\npertains to this county and one. too, that cannot be passed over\\nwith a formal notice: therefore this reference to that band of\\nmurderers.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nFollowing are sketches of some of the pioneers and representative\\ncitizens of Chesaning village and township:\\nCharles Bailey, school-teacher; P. 0., Chesaning was born in\\nRrovince of Ontario, Canada, July 27, 1838; parents were Charles\\nand Lucinda Bailey; former died May 24, 1859, and the latter in\\nJanuary, L880; subject of sketch was reared in Canada; received\\neducation in St. Thomas Academy; taught school eight years in\\nnative land and New York; came to Saginaw county in 1870; was\\nmarried April 1! 1869, to Johanna Burson, daughter of Aimer\\nand Agnes Burson, natives of Virginia and Ohio; wife was born at\\nKalamazoo. Mich., Jan. 26, L839; 1 child Alice E., born at Port\\nBurrow, Canada. July 25, 1870; subject is member of I. O. G. T.\\nand P. of II; owns farm Of 7 acres on sees. 22 and 27.\\nGeorat W. Bentley, farmer, sec. 6; P. Chesaning; was born\\nin Madison Co., X. Y., Oct. L8, L840. His parents are Robert\\nand Eliza Bentley, also natives of New York. In October, 1862,\\nMr. Bentley enlisted in Co. D, 23d Reg. Mich. Vol. Inf., and\\nduring histwo years* service, participated in over 20 engagements.\\nHe was honorably discharged in September, 1861. He settled on\\nhis present farm of 80 acres in L880. He was married Aug. 6,\\nL861, to Charlotte, daughterof Hiram and Lucy Anthony. Mrs.\\nBentley was born in Madison Co., X. Y r in 1848. They have 2\\nchildren\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Eva, wife of George Summers, of Bay City, and George\\nM. Mr. Bentley votes with the Republican party.\\nBentley, merchant, Chesaning, was born in Ontario Co.,\\nX. Y.. March L9, 1821. His parents, Thomas and Sallie (James)\\nBentley, were natives of Saratoga Co. X Y. Mr. Bentley was\\nreared to manhood on a farm, receiving a common-school education.\\nIn November, L856, he came to Chesaning, and opened the second\\nBtore in that place. In 1861 he removed to Saginaw City, but\\nBoon returned to Chesaning, where he has since resided. Mr.\\nBentley has been engaged at various times in the salt, lumber and\\nhotel business. He was married in June, 1847, to Jane A. Wen-\\ndell, who was born in Niagara Co., X. Y., April 3, 1824. Her\\nparents are .John A. and Elizabeth (Parrott) Wendell. Three\\nchildren have been given to this union Effie A., wife of William\\nH. Hayne. was born Jan. 22, 1849; Alice E., deceased wife of\\nW. II. EL Chapman, was born Aug. 19, 1851, and died Sept. 2,\\n1874; Marion L).. who died at the age of six months. Mr. Bentley\\nwas once Deputy Postmaster of Chesaning, and at present is a\\nmember of the R, A. M. and I. O. O.F. societies, and Democratic\\nin politics.\\n49", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0803.jp2"}, "800": {"fulltext": "814 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMr. Bentley has sold goods in Chesaning village for the past 22\\nyears, and is now carrying on a general store. The average stock\\ncarried is about $5,000, and consists of dry-goods, groceries, hats,\\ncaps, boots, shoes and jewelry. His sales average about $10,000,\\nper annum.\\nHenry R. Blakeslee, farmer, sec. 24, was born in Steuben Co.,\\nN. Y., Sept. 3, 1840; parents were Dr. E. L. and Irene W. Blakes-\\nlee, natives of Massachusetts and Long Island. Subject of sketch\\nwas reared in New York; education received at district schools;\\non Aug. 25, 1862, enlisted in Co. D, 136th Reg. N. Y. Vol. Inf.:\\nwas wounded in shoulder at Resaca, and discharged May 25, 1865;\\ncame to Michigan in October, 1867, lived at Chesaning two years,\\nthen purchased present farm of 80 acres; was married Oct. 10, I860,\\nto Clarissa Walker, daughter of Jacob and Clarissa Walker; wife\\nborn in Wyoming Co., N. Y., March 21,1839; have 4 children\\nFred. H., Jerome R., Elmer A., and Cynthia J; subject is\\nRepublican.\\nArthur S. Burrows, grocer, Chesaning, is the first son of Walter\\nand Mary Burrows, and was born in Chesaning, June 13, 1857.\\nHis parents were of English ancestors. His father died when he\\nwas seven years of age. He attended school in Chesaning till 17,\\nand until 19 on a farm, when he obtained employment as clerk in\\nthe store of J. W. Manning; with him he remained one and a half\\nyears, then opened a grocery store for himself and is doing a good\\nbusiness. He carries a stock of\u00c2\u00bb$2,( 00. Annual sales amount to\\n$20,000. Jan. 1, 1880, he was married to Cora Wagner, daughter\\nof V. and Mary (Seeley) Wagner, born in York State, Feb. 17,\\n1859. In politics he is an advocate of Democracy.\\nSamuel 8. Carson was born in Hamilton Co., O., June 26, 1834;\\nson of Samuel and Elizabeth Carson, the former of whom served in\\nthe war of 1812 and was son of a Revolutionary soldier; subject of\\nsketch was raised in Seneca Co., O., and educated at the Republi-\\ncan Academy; in September, 1862, enlisted in Co. I, 123d Reg O.\\nYol. Inf., serving until he was honorably discharged, March, 1863;\\nsense of hearing was somewhat injured during war. In October, 1864,\\ncame to this county; owns 160 acres of land on sec. 7; previous to\\nwar was a school-teacher for many years; is Republican in politics;\\nwas married March 19, 1861, to Sabria Miller, who was born in\\nOhio, Sept. 23, 1842, a daughter of John and Sarah A. Miller; of\\n7 children given them, 6 are living Roselia, wife of George W.\\nBennett, William S., Hattie, Ettie, Samuel II. and Ethel.\\nGeorge Washington Chapman was, without doubt, descended from\\nRalph Chapman, born in England in 1615, and who at the age of\\n20 years, being then a resident of the Parish of St. Saviors,\\nSouthwark, County Surrey, emigrated to America, as will appear\\nfrom consulting the list of ])assengers who passed from the port of\\nLondon for the year ending at Christmas, 1635. Upon his arrival\\nin America he probably settled at Duxbury, Mass., although no\\nmention is made of him until 1640. Ten years afterward he be-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0804.jp2"}, "801": {"fulltext": "CHESANING TOWNSHIP. 815\\ncame a resident of Marshfield, Mass., and lived there until the\\ntime of his death, which occurred in the autumn of 1671. lie had\\na daughter Mary, who married, in L666, William Troop. This\\nname, though variously spelled, occurs in the family of George W.\\nChapman many times. His Great-grandfather Throop, when he\\nwas a boy, he well remembered seeing. This ancestor, at the age\\nof 91, rode on horseback from Reedsborough, Vt., to Belcher-\\ntown, Mass., to visit his relative^. George, although very young\\nat the tiineof this visit, look much pleasure and interest in the old\\ngentleman, and years afterward related to children many amus-\\ning incidents of the early life of his ancient progenitor. Throop\\nChapman had a number of children, among them William, who\\nin turn, had among others. Daniel, the father of George, who was\\nbornDec. 23, L782, and died at Canton, Mass., April 12, 1st;;.\\nHe married May 25, L809, Nancy Smith, who was born in Walpole,\\nMass., Jan. 9, 1790, and died March 9, 1838. Their second son,\\nGeorge, the subject of this memoir, was born at Belchertown,\\nHampshire Co Mass.. Nov. 15, 1812.\\nMr. Chapman passed his youth in his native town, where, at a\\nvery early age. he learned from his father the trade of wheelwright,\\nand soon became a skillful workman, obtaining that practical in-\\nformation which enabled him in after years to apply his\\nnaturally mechanical mind so successfully, and devise and invent\\nmany improvements in the implements, and machinery which he\\nemployed in his chosen vocation. In early manhood he engaged\\nin the construction of railroads, and a greater portion of his ever\\nactive and busy life was passed in this manner, sometimes as a\\nsuperintendent, sometimes as a contractor, and, indeed, almost\\nevery position required in building railroads has, at one time or\\nanother, been rilled by him. Nearly every State east of the Mis-\\nsissippi and north of the Potomac bear the imprints of his handi-\\nwork. His first experience in building railroads was during the\\nyear 1835, when he was at work on the Boston A: Providence\\nroad, near Canton. Mass. In the year 1836 he went to Philadel-\\nphia, Penn., where, at this time, his cousin, Mr. William Otis,\\ninvented the steam excavator (since so generally and successfully\\nU8ed for the construction of railroads and canals, and in deepen-\\ning rivers and harbors, one or more Inning been used on the Sag-\\ninaw river, for years). Mr. Chapman superintended the entire\\nconstruction of the first excavator, and with his own hands built\\nthe wood- work. The first attempt to work it was between Balti-\\nmore and Washington, on what is now part of the Baltimore\\nOhio railroad. Several weeks were spent in a vain\\nattempt to make the excavator worl?. AtlengthMr. Chapman per-\\nsuaded his cousin to permit him to attach what has since been known\\nas the arms: the first trial was satisfactory, and from that time\\nthe excavator was a success. While engaged in the construction\\nof the Washington Baltimore branch of the Baltimore Ohio\\nrailroad, he made a brief visit to his native State, and was married\\nNov. 1836, to Miss Abigail J. Whipple, who was born in Pel-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0805.jp2"}, "802": {"fulltext": "816 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nham, Mass.. Jan. 26, 1815. She was the daughter of Mr. Joseph\\nWhipple, a well-to-do farmer, and a near relative of Commodore\\nAbraham Whipple, of Revolutionary fame. Early in 1837 Mr.\\nChapman was employed at New Worcester, Mass.; subsequently\\nhe took contracts on the Eastern railroad at Chelsea, near Lynn,\\nMass. His next employment was upon the Boston cV Albany rail-\\nroad, at Richmond, near Pittsfield, and at the Summit cut in Wash-\\nington tp., Berkshire Co., Mass.\\nIn the autumn of 1841, in company with his younger brother,\\nWellington, he traveled through Ohio and Michigan, and while\\nstopping at Owosso, Mich., the brothers were induced by A. L.\\nand B. O. Williams to visit the Big Rock Reservation, riding\\n\u00c2\u00bbn horseback through the forest along the banks of the beautiful\\nShiawassee river; they at length came upon the cleared fields ot\\nthe Indian reservation, and were so charmed with the location that\\nthey both concluded to purchase lands here. George chose the\\nnorthern portion of sec. 21, on the east side of the river, and\\nhis brother directly opposite; this was the first sale of land by the\\nGovernment in the tp. of Chesaning, then constituting a\\npart of the tp. of Taymouth, which included all the south-\\nern portion of Saginaw county. Mr. Chapman s farm was a favor-\\nite resort of the aborigines. Nearly all the flats or bottom lands\\nhad for years been planted with corn by the Indians, and on the\\ndry, sandy upland may still be seen some of the holes where\\nthey buried their winter store. On the upper side of the flats,\\nand near the river bank, was a large burying-ground, and near by\\na thrifty orchard of apple-trees, supposed at date of purchase to\\nbe about 80 years old. Tradition relates that these trees were\\nplanted by an old squaw, who made holes in the ground and then\\nthrew in the entire cores of the apples containing the seeds; the\\ntrees grew in clusters, thus confirming the tradition. The second\\nyear Mr. Chapman lived on his farm these trees bore over 300\\nbushels of apples, 62^ bushels being harvested from a single\\ntree.\\nIn October, 1842, Mr. Chapman moved his family hither, occu-\\npying the house (still standing) the first night without either door\\nor windows, and a roof only partly covered. The family were\\nlulled to sleep by the hooting of owls and the howling of wolves.\\nThe succeeding winter was what has since been known as the\\nhard winter in Michigan, and in common with all the new set-\\ntlers, he browsed his cattle, as neither hay nor fodder of any\\nkind could be obtained; his horse ran with the Indian ponies,\\nand subsisted by pawing away the snow with his feet and eating\\nthe long, dry grass of the flats. During the next year or two\\nseveral families settled in the neighborhood, and a new tp.\\nwas organized, and christened Northampton by Mr. Chapman.\\nAbout this time Mr. Chapman and Rufus P. Mason erected and\\npresented to the settlers the first school-house built in Chesaning.\\nAfter a residence of nearly live years in Michigan, Mr. Chapman\\nbecame weary of a life in the wilderness, and seeing his children", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0806.jp2"}, "803": {"fulltext": "CHK9ANING TOWNSHIP. 81 7\\ngrowing up without the advantages of an education, returned in\\nAugust, 1M7. to the New England States. Soon thereafter we\\nfind him at work with a -team excavator at West Claremont and\\nCornish, X. H.,* and subsequently on the Vermont Central at Slip\\nHill, near Montpelier. In January, 1850, lie moved his family to\\nWells River, Vt., and during that year was engaged on the\\nPassumpsic railroad, in company with A. P. Balcli. In company\\nwith his brother Oliver he had contracts on the New Jersey Cen-\\ntral railroad at Bray s Hill and at Bloomsbury. In the fall of 1852\\nhe went to Canada and was engaged with Balch, Zimmerman and\\nothers on the Greal Western railroad, between Suspension Bridge\\nand St. Catherines, employing two steam excavators, near the\\nBed House. His family resided in the village of Thorold, On-\\ntario. Subsequently, with Sidney Dillon, he had a contract on the\\nPhiladelphia A Erie railroad near Jersey Shore, Lycoming Co.,\\nPa. While residing here the dwelling-house was burned to the\\nground, destroying a large portion of the furniture and nearly all\\nthe family wearing apparel. Mrs. Chapman s aged mother nar-\\nrowly escapedfrom perishing in the flames.\\nIn the spring of 1859 Mr. Chapman returned to Michigan, and\\nsince then the family have continued to reside on the farm pur-\\nchased on his first visit to Ghesaning. Mr. Chapman s last rail-\\nroad contract was on the Marietta Cincinnati line, where, as one\\nof the firm of Dodge, Balch Co., he had work amounting to\\nmore than $2,000,000, building an extension of 10 miles from\\nLoveland to Ludlow Grove\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the latter a suburb of Cincinnati\\nand between Chillicothe and Parkersburg, West Virginia. Many\\nheavy grade- were cut down, deep ravines filled up and tunnels\\nmade through Pilcher and Vanderwalker hills.\\nMrs. Chapman s health having failed, and he being somewhat\\nadvanced in years, abandoned railroads about 15 years before his\\ndeath, and nearly all the remainder of his life was passed on his\\nfarm making frequent visits to his relatives in the Eastern States.\\nDuring .the years Is66- S, in company with his son-in-law, George\\nW. Hippie, he was interested in the lumber business, owning a\\nsteam saw-mill and quite an extensive tract of pine land in the tp.\\nof A! bee. Saginaw !o.\\nMr. Chapman was of a sanguine temperament, and happy dispo-\\nsition, fond of jokes and an adept at repartee, and woe to the victim\\nwho sought to l audv words with him, for Mr. Chapman invariably\\nturned the tables 1 upon his adversary and came out victorious.\\nIn politics he was an earnest, uncompromising Republican, and\\nin days prior to the organizing of that party an avowed Abolitionist\\nof the Garrisonia n school, having been a reader of the Liberator\\nfrom nearly the first to the last number printed, and never hesi-\\ntating to advocate the cause of the slave; and in later years, after\\nthe emancipation, it was his pride and glory that he had ever\\nbeen an Abolitionist.\\nHe died suddenly on the morning of Feb. 17. 1881, in the 00th\\nyear of his age.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0807.jp2"}, "804": {"fulltext": "SIS HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe following is a list of Mr. Chapman s children George Lyman,\\nborn at Lynn, Mass., July 29, 1837; married Serena C. Vincent, ot\\nWashington Co., Ohio, Jan. 10, 1866; his children are Serena\\nMay, horn May 30, 1869, and Florence A., Oct. 11, 1871. Helen\\nAbigail, born at Richmond, Mass., June 8, 1839; married George\\nW. Hippie of Lock Haven, Penn., Dec. 2, 1858. William H. H.,\\nborn at Washington, Mass., Nov. 9, 1841; married Alice E.\\nBentley, of Chesaning, April 14, 1870, who died Sept. 2,- 1874, and\\nhis children are George Henry, born April 6, 1871, and Estella\\nMaud, Dec. 28, 1872; he married Helen A. Jndd, of Pontiac,\\nMich., Dec. 23, 1875. Nancy Cordelia, born at Chesaning, Mich.,\\nMay 1, 1845; married Albert JB. Clough, of Dansville, Mich.. Sept.\\n12, 1867; her children are Mary Lizzie, born Nov. 2, 1868; Plelen,\\nborn June 14, 1873. James W., born at Claremont, N. H., Sept.\\n22, 1847; married Josephine Granger, of Oakland Co., Mich.,\\nAug. 10, 1872; his child is Maud M., born April 24, 1873.\\nElizabeth A., born at Thorokl, Ontario, Sept. 19, 1853, died in in-\\nfancy. Oliver D., born at Jersey Shore, Penn.. Jan 9, 1859.\\nA portrait of Mr. Chapman appears in this volume, on page 397.\\nWellington Chapman. This gentleman s portrait appears on\\npage 431. As will be seen in the history of Chesaning village and\\ntp., he was early identified with its settlement, dating back to the\\nautumn of 1841. He is a native of Hampshire Co., Mass., and\\nwas born on Sept. 20, 1814. His ancestry is given above, in the\\nsketch of his brother. He learned the trade of a wheelwright from\\nhis father, whom he assisted until 20 years of age, when he went\\nto Worcester, Mass., where he worked at car-bnilding; and in\\n1835, with his cousin Otis, worked on the construction and\\nfinishing of the Boston Albany R. R. Subsequently Mr. Chap-\\nman was largely interested in car-building, and in the construction\\nof railroads throughout the Middle, Eastern and Western States\\nat times as superintendent for other parties, at other times as con-\\ntractor. Among those railroads were the Providence Stonington\\nR. R., at Kingston and East Greenwich, Rhode Island, then\\nin the construction of the Delaware Schuylkill canal, which\\nwork was finally abandoned; the Philadelphia Norristown R.\\nR., and the Valley R. R. He was also engaged on the Worcester\\nSpringfield, in Massachusetts. This road was afterward merged\\ninto the Boston Albany. In all the above Mr. Chapman was\\nacting for other parties as superintendent or boss of construc-\\ntion at different places.\\nHe next took a contract at Charlestown, Mass., to build 100 rail-\\nroad cars; after finishing about one-half of them, he sub-let his\\ncontract to other parties, and took a contract for excavating a por-\\ntion of the railroad; after working on his contract one year, the\\nrailroad company temporarily suspended operations, when he went\\nto East B.ston, Mass., and superintended work on excavations for\\nother parties for one year, and then resumed work on his former", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0808.jp2"}, "805": {"fulltext": "CHE8AN1NG TOWNSHIP. 819\\ncontract od the BoBton Albany II. It., which he completed.\\nThen lie took and completed contracts on the TauntOD New Bed-\\nford R. K.. and then assisted his brother, O. S. Chapman, in com-\\npleting contracts on the Boston Albany It. R., at Washington.\\nAt the end of this year, L841, he came to Chesaning (in coin-\\npan} with his brother, George Washington Chapman) and entered\\nland on what was then called the Big Rock Indian reservation.\\nMr. Chapman remained in Chesaning until 1847, and assisted in\\nthe organization of the tp. The year above named he returned\\nwith his family to New England and resumed railroading, being\\none of the firm of Boody, Dillon Co. They took contracts on\\nthe excavations to be made on the Hartford Fishkill It. It.. Mr.\\nChapman having entire management of the work. They had one\\ncontract on this road that was stipulated to be finished in 15\\nmonths from the time* work commenced. It consisted of 45,000\\nBquare yards of rock, some 10,000 yards of which lay under\\none foot of water. The deepest cut was- 60 feet. The contract was\\ncompleted in just 15 mouths, and is said to be the largest amount\\nof rock ever taken from one sol id cut, in the same length of time, in\\nthe United States. Subsequentl} 7 he had contracts on the Ashuelat\\nR. II., and Danbury Norwalk It. It. He then went to Ohio,\\nand contracted and completed 10 mdes of the Marietta Cincin-\\nnati R. R., including the east approach to the Pelcher tunnel,\\nand 10 miles therefrom toward Marietta, including all open exca-\\nvations and stone work for bridges. This took five years to\\ncomplete.\\nHe then went to Worcester, Mass., and lived two years, at the\\nend of which time he returned to Chesaning with his family.\\nSince then he has been interested at different times in construction\\nof the following railroads: the Newark New York, at Bergen\\nHeights, N. J., and the Hartford Fishkill R. R. in Putnam\\nX. Y. In company with his two brothers, Oliver S. and E.\\nChapman, he built the eastern approach to the Omaha bridge on\\nthe U. P. It. It., at Council Bluffs, Iowa, since which time he lias\\nlived a comparatively quiet life on his farm, which consists of .10\\nacres on sees. 9 and 10 in Chesaning.\\nMr. Wellington Chapman was married in 183S or 39 to Sarah\\nGray, who bore him 2 children. She died in 1848, and in 184. Ik;\\nwas again married, to his present wife, Sarah Ann Dick man. By\\nthis union there were also 2 children.\\nIn politics Mr. Chapman is a Republican.\\nMr. Chapman s children are Albert W., born Aug. 28, 1842;\\nEliza, deceased; Julietta Eliza, bom March 12, 1849; and Charles\\nE., deceased. Albert W. married Lucy Case, and had 2 children,\\nSarah A., born May 20, 186-; and Albert W., jr.. Nov. 1. 1870,\\nand died Sept. 21, 1877; Julietta married Edward C. Walden, and\\nhas 2 children. Charles W. C, born Dec. 17,1879; and Edward\\n.March 12, 1881.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0809.jp2"}, "806": {"fulltext": "820 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nCalvin Chase, a pioneer of Ohesaning tp. was born in Chitten-\\nden Co., Vt., May 18, 1805. His parents, Jonathan and Mehita-\\nbel Chase, were natives of Worcester Co., Mass. Mr. Chase\\npassed his early life in agricultural pursuits, receiving only a lim-\\nited education. In the spring of 1859 he came to Saginaw county\\nand located land on sec. 14, Chesaning tp. He was married, in\\nSeptember, 1845, to Huldah Lacy, by whom he had 4 children. Only\\n1 is living Harriet, wife of I. O. Thompson. Mrs. Chase died,\\nand Mr. Chase then married Amanda, daughter of Henry and\\nNancy McLean, natives of Dutchess Co., N. Y., where Mrs. Chase\\nwas born in 1826. Of their 7 children, 5 are living Calvin 0.,\\nwho married Susannah J. Darling Orville D., married to Alice\\nA. Patterson; Helen A., wife of Leonard Zintel Orlando A.,\\nhusband of Eliza Kent; and Diantha C, wife of Conrad Swantz.\\nMr. Chase is a member of the Baptist Church and the Democratic\\nparty.\\nCalvin Chase, with whom he now resides, was married May\\n12, 1872, to Susannah J. Darling they have a family of 3 children\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Carrie A., born Jan. 25, 1876 Frank O., born Feb., 2, 1878\\nCoraE., born Aug. 8,1880. Nellie May was born May 9, 1874, and\\ndied Jan. 15, 1881. Mr. C. O. Chase is a Democrat in politics.\\nLie resides on sec. 14, Chesaning tp., where he owns a farm of 120\\nacres of land.\\nAmasa C Christian, grocer, Chesaning, Mich., was born in Lake\\nCo., Ohio, July 18, 1854. and is a son of Samuel C. and Laura\\nChristian, the former a native of London, Eng., and the latter of\\nChautauqua Co., 1ST. Y. When Amasa was six years of age, his\\nparents removed to Hillsdale Co., Mich., and a year later to\\nHazelton, Shiawassee Co., where he grew to maturer years,\\nreceiving a common-school education. In 1879 Mr. Christian\\nopened a grocery store at Chesaning, where he continues to do a\\nfair business. On Dec. 20, 1880, he was married to Mary A.\\nKellogg, a school-teacher, who was born at Wheatfield. Ingham\\nCo., Mich., Feb. 13, 1853. Mrs. Christian is a member of the\\nBaptist Church, and Mr. C. votes with the Republican party.\\nMr. Christian carries a stock of staple and fancy groceries, and\\naverages sales amounting from $6, 000 to \u00c2\u00a78,000 per annum. Also\\na wholesale dealer in barrel hoops, handling $4,000 worth a\\nyear.\\nJames S. Colby, retired fanner. Owosso, Mich., was born in\\nOswego Co., X. Y., March 14, 1824, and is a son of Daniel D.\\nand Elizabeth Colby, natives of Onondaga and Van Rensselaer\\ncounties, N. Y. Mr. Colby was reared on his father s farm,\\nreceiving as good an education as the district school afforded. In\\nls44, when 20 years of age, he came to Livingston Co., Mich., and\\nopened a cooper shop at Pinkney, which he operated for seven\\nyears. In 1853 he was landlord of the Pinkney Hotel, and in\\n1854 purchased 240 acres of land in Shiawassee county, and a\\nsubsequent purchase increased the tract to 320 acres. In 1875. he\\nretired from active life, and located at Owosso. He married Eliza", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0810.jp2"}, "807": {"fulltext": "BESANING TOWNSHIP. 82J\\nNelson, and of the 6 children given them, 5 arc living (xaylord\\nF., Clarence D., Rudolph J., Lilian L. and Nellie. William is\\ndeceased. Mr. Colby s father resides at Oswego, N. Y., aged 82\\nyears. Hi- mother died in August, 1*74. aged 74 years.\\n1i iIji/i Curtis, was born at Pompey, Onondaga Co., N. Y.,\\nJuly 19, 1808, son of Comfort and Catherine Curtis, natives ofNew\\nYork subject was reared on a farm educated at Gaines Academy,\\nOrleans Co., X. Y.;also took lessons in portrait painting grad-\\nuated in 1828 went to Oswego, X. Y. and worked at painting for\\neight years in 1844 went to Flint, Mich., lived thereuntil 1865, then\\nwent to Upper Canada and disposed of a farm he owned;\\nsubsequently came to Chesaning, where he still resides; was\\nmarried )rt. 1. 1834, to Alice Ann Wood, a native of Onondaga\\nCo., N. Y. 2 children given to this marriage Ralph Edwin,\\nhorn at Oswego, X. V.. duly 1.5. L838, was a soldier in the late war,\\nreceived wounds at Richmond, Ya.. duly ls ;4. and died at City\\nPoint .Mary Louisa, born May 1. L8 and died Oct. 1, 1841\\nwife died in November, 1850, aged 30 years subject is a member of\\nRepublican party. Mr. Curtis lias followed the business of portrait\\npainting since the age of I 1 years, nearly continuously, though\\nat times has followed farming, and has owned in this tp., three\\nfarms.\\nEphraim I nn u. farmer, sec. 20; P. O., Chesaning; was born in\\nWindsor Co., Yt.. April 3, 1817 parents were Loring and Rebecca\\n(Esterbrook) Damon, natives of Vermont and Xew Hampshire\\nsubject was reared on a farm; received a good education; at 18 years\\nof age went to Bellows Falls and learned the carpenter s trade in\\nIs;,;,, came to Chesaning; entered 40 acres of timbered land on\\nsec. 20 sent for family same year was married Dec. 15, 1841.\\nto Amanda Cole, daughter of Hezekiah Cole, of Vermont wife\\nborn in New York. Aug. 1817 4 children born to them. 3 liv-\\ning Orion W., Brazil] M. and Leroy L. the first was a soldier\\nin Co. F, 16th Reg.. Mich. Yol. Inf., and is now station agent for\\nI S. R. R., at Detroit: second son was also a soldier: subject of\\nsketch i a member of Masonic fraternity and Greenback party.\\nLB. 7*. Damon, Chesaning, was born in Hampshire Co.. ]\\\\Ia^\\nJuly.?. 1826. Eis parents were Jotham and Naomi Damon, also\\nnatives of the Bay State. Mr. Damon was educated at the\\nFranklin Institute, of Shelburn Falls, where at the age of 20 years\\nhe could speak six different languages. His father was a wealthy\\nman. and Mr. Damon built a factory in Massachusetts, which lie\\noperated for two years. After following shipping for oneyear, from\\nConnecticut to New Fork, on his own vessels, he came to Wayne\\nCo., Mich., and for two years traveled for the N. Y. C. R. R., from\\nHamilton. Canada West, to Chicago. After a year s service as\\nmanager of the financial department of the Detroit Fre Democrat,\\nhe obtained the position of tobacco collector with Scotten, Gran-\\nger Lovett, of Detroit, remaining with them for 17 years. He\\nwas engaged in business at Mem), his and Lansing, Mich., and for\\nsome years was engaged in farming in Jackson and Lenawee", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0811.jp2"}, "808": {"fulltext": "822 I1IST0KY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncounties. In September. 1879, he came to Chesaning, where lie has\\nsince resided. He was married Nov. 28, 1*53, to Mary M. Sous-\\nter, who was born at Matilda, Canada, in July, 1826. 5 children\\nwere born to bless this union, only 1 of whom is living Mary E.\\nMrs. Damon died Sept, 10, 1866, and May 31, 1867, Mr. D. was\\nunited in marriage to Lovina Bates. They have 4 children\\nWalter A., Eva A., Cora B. and Alice. Mr. Damon is a Re-\\npublican.\\nAlbert Doane, of the firm of Caster Doane, lumber manufact-\\nurers, Chesaning, was born in Allegany Co., N. Y., Jan. 11. 1841;\\nparents were Horace and Amy (.Mills) Doane; subject of sketch\\nwas reared on a farm in lb~3 accompanied his mother to Saginaw\\ncounty; had previously lived seven years in Huron Co., Ohio; father\\ndied in 1862, and mother, May 22, 1873 subject was married to\\npresent wife Elvina (Stout) Doane. Sept. 6, 1S79; wife is a daughter of\\nSpencer and Amy Stout; was born in Shiawassee Co., Mich., Feb. 2,\\n1853 4 children by first wife, 3 living Lucy M., Edith I. and\\nEmma E. Subject owns farm of 80 acres on sec. 27, and is a\\nRepublican.\\nJoseph N. Eldred, M. D., Chesaning, Mich., was born in On-\\nondaga Co., N. Y., Oct. 3, 1837, and was a son of Joseph and\\nPhoebe Eldred. When four 7 ears of age Dr. Eldred accompanied\\nhis mother to Genesee Co., Mich., and five years later went on a\\nfarm near Pontiac. After five years of farm life, he went to Ypsi-\\nlanti, and received a good education in the seminary and State\\nNormal school of that city, working during the summer months,\\nand attending school in winter. In 1858 he began the study of\\nmedicine under Dr. Fox, of Hartland, Mich., remaining with him\\nthree years. In the meantime he graduated from the medical de-\\npartment of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and com-\\nmenced his professional duties in the tp. of Cohoctah, Livingston\\nCo., Mich. On May 2, 1862, he removed to Chesaning, and for\\nmany years was the pioneer physician of that place. In 1868, in\\ncompany with Wm. H. Niver, jr., he opened a drug store, where he\\nremained for two years. Partnership was then dissolved, and D\\\\\\\\\\nEldred opened a drug store for himself, where he has since remained.\\nHe was married Aug. 27, 1861, to Eliza B. Tnbbs, who was born\\nat Brattleboro, Vt., Sept. 7, 1839. Tjiev have 3 children\\nBurt C, born June IS, 1862; Wells B., born Sept. 25, 1867, and\\nRalph M., born Nov, 9, 1878. Dr. Eldred is Democratic in poli-\\ntics; is a member of the Village Board of Trustees. He is a Mason,\\nand served the chapter as High Priest, for a term of five years, also\\na member of the St. Bernard Commandery.\\nLyman 0. Eord, Chesaning, was born in Erie Co., X. Y., April\\n9, 1847, and is a son of Charles and Amy Ford. On Feb. 14,\\n1865, when but 18 years of age, he enlisted in Co. I, 9th Regt.\\nMich. Vol. Inf., and at Nashville, Term., was seized with the small-\\npux, and was confined in the hospital of that city until June 9,\\nwhen he was discharged from further service. He now draws a", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0812.jp2"}, "809": {"fulltext": "CHE8ANING TOWNSHIP. 823\\npension ut six dollars par month. lie was married Oct. 1873, to\\nJane E. Stevens, who was born April 27, I s \u00c2\u00b17. am! is a daughter\\nof Joseph and Mary Stevens. They have 3 children Charles\\nK., John II. and Ransom L. Politically, Mr. Ford is a Republi-\\ncan. He is now engaged in the grocery business at Chesaning.\\nWilliam French, farmer, sec. 4, sou of Edmund and Fanny\\nFrench, was born in Province of Ontario, Canada, Jan. 20, 1841;\\nwas reared amid rural scenes, and received district-school advan-\\ntages; was married June 15, 1860, to Caroline Brooker, born in\\nKent, Eug., Jan. i ;s 1841; parents, Stephen and Betsey Brooker,\\ncame to America in 1850; subject has 5 children Edmund.\\nNelson, William, Amelia and Phcebe; subject settled on present\\nfarm of 40 acres in August, 1871; himself and family associate\\nwith Baptist Church congregation; grandfather, Nicholas French,\\nwas a soldier in the Continental army under Washington.\\nElmore B. Fr mk, farmer, sec. 14; P. O., Chesaning; was born\\nin New York, April 8, L836; parents are Henry and Maria (Gris-\\nwold) Frink; former was born in Windham Co., Conn., Jan. 16,\\n17 i( was soldier in war of 1812, and died June 6, 1S47; mother\\nwas born in Caledonia Co., Vt., Dec. 31, 1805; subject was reared\\non a farm, and received a common-school education; on Aug. 6,\\n1862, enlisted in Co. G, 108th Reg. X. Y. Vol. Inf., and was dis-\\ncharged May 2, 1865; was married Dec. 28, 1859, to Elizabeth\\nStowel, daughter of Ezra and Phoebe Stowell, wife was born in\\nMonroe Co., X. Y., July, 1844; of 5 children born 4 are\\nliving Hattie wife of Morris Rogers; Lillie B., Grace A. and\\nClarence B.; subject settled in Chesaning tp. in 1876; owns 80\\nacres of land; believes in doctrines of Republican party.\\nDavid Gould, of the firm of Gould, Osborn Co., manufact-\\nurers of lumber. Owo880, Mich., was born in Cayuga Co., N.\\nY., Sept. 23, 1827, and is a son of Ebenezer and Valetta Gould,\\nnatives of Granville, X. Y. Mr. Gould was reared on a farm,\\nand in 1842 accompanied his parents to Owosso, Mich., where he\\nresided eight years, and during which time he learned the ma-\\nchinist s trade. In 1850 he went to Detroit, and worked at his\\ntrade for four years. He was engineer on the lakes for one season,\\nand from 1849 to 1852 operated a machine-shop at Flint-. In the\\nlatter year he removed to St. Charles, and erected the first saw-\\nmill at that place. In 1853, when St. Charles tp. was organized,\\nhe was elected its first Supervisor, serving one term. In 1854 he\\nlocated at his present home in Owosso. Mr. Could was Superin-\\ntendent of the Lansing division of the J.. L. S. R. R. for five\\nyears, and has been identified with the lumber interests of Saginaw\\ncounty for 1 7 years.\\nP. Gould ranks among the old and most respected citizens of\\nChe$aning tp. He was born in Wayne Co., X. Y.. Sept. 3, 1814,\\nand was a son of Rev. Joseph and Mehitabel (Deuell) Gould,\\nnatives of Washington Co.. X. V. Mr. Gould grew to maturer", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0813.jp2"}, "810": {"fulltext": "824 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nyears on a farm, receiving- a good education. His mother died\\nwhen he was 15 years of age, and in 1837 he removed to Ann\\nArbor, Mich., and worked as a mechanic for two years. While\\nliving at Ann Arbor he purchased a farm of 300 acres in Oakland\\nCo., Mich., and paid $1,400 on it, when it was discovered\\nthat the deed was worthless, and he thereby suffered the loss of\\nnearly all his hard earnings for years. From Ann Arbor he went\\nto Battle Creek, and three years later purchased 137 acres, which.\\nby subsequent purchases, he increased to 300 acres, and sold it for\\na good profit. His next venture was owning a third in a saw-mill\\nin Albee tp., living at Owosso two years, when he moved to\\nChesaning. At the end of five years he bought a farm of 160\\nacres. With the exception of two years spentat Flint he has since\\nresided at Chesanjng. He built the first grain elevator at Ches-\\naning, and owns 20 acres of land within the village limits. He\\nalso owns a business block, the upper story of which is used as a\\nhall for the I. O. O. F. Mr. Gould is a member of the Republican\\nparty.\\nT. L. Green Postmaster of Chesaning, Mich., was born in\\nChenango Co., N. Y., and is a son of Thurston and Rachel Green,\\nalso natives of the Empire State. Mr. Green grew T to manhood\\non a farm and received a liberal education. On May 10, 1867, he\\ncame to Chesaning and opened a general store. In 1873 he was\\nappointed Postmaster of Chesaning, which position he still occu-\\npies. He is a member of the firm of Green Gould, manufact-\\nurers of lumber, etc. They erected a mill at Chesaning in 1881,\\nat a cost of $4,000, and intend to bore a salt well soon. Mr. Green\\nis n Mason, a Knight Templar and a Republican. He was Treas-\\nurer of Chesaning tp. five years, and Supervisor for two terms.\\nHe was Clerk of the Village Board eight years, and is now a\\nTrustee of that body. He was married Sept. 17, 1862, to Julia\\nA. Ireland, who was born Feb. 1, 1841, and is a daughter of Job\\nand Ursula Ireland, natives of Chenango Co., IS Y. Mr. Green s\\nfather is a resident of Coventryville, K. Y. His mother died\\nMarch 12, 1856.\\nJohn B. Griswold, merchant, Chesaning, was born in Vermont.\\nFeb. 3, 1809. While yet a lad his parents, Asel and Prudence\\nGriswold, removed to Cheshire Co., N. H. At the age of 10 years\\nMr. Griswold left home and commenced the battle of life for him-\\nself. He learned the trade of a sawyer, and in August, 1836, arrived\\nat Owosso, Mich., where he remained some time. He helped build\\na saw-mill at St. Charles, also one at Chesaning. He followed his\\ntrade for over 30 years, also boating for a lengthy term. In\\n1872 he opened a hardware store at Chesaning, where he enjoys a\\ngood trade. Mr. Griswold carried the mail from Owosso to Sagi-\\nnaw for 10 years, and from Corunna to Chesaning for six years.\\nIn 1832 he married Eliza Jackson. Five children were given them,\\ntwo of whom are living William G. and Martha, wife of Norman\\nParshall. The deceased are John H., Augusta and Catherine.\\nMrs. Griswold is a daughter of John Jackson, and was born at", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0814.jp2"}, "811": {"fulltext": "-\\\\.\\\\im. rowNBHip. S25\\nSalem, Mas?., Feb. 2, 1813. Mr. Griswold s grandfather, John\\nGriswold, and his 8 sons were soldiers in the Revolutionary war.\\nMatthew Griswold. an ancestor of John B., was of English blood,\\nami settled in Connecticut on land given to Oliver Cromwell by\\nthe English government. He was the first Governor of* Con-\\nnecticut.\\nByron S. Hewitt, deceased, was born in 1S35 in the State of\\nNew York; his parents afterward came to Michigan and settled in\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0see county; at 21 he bought a farm of 80 acres of land at\\nOhesaning, which was a wilderness at that time. He and several\\nother young fellows built a shanty, where he staid about two years;\\nhe then was at Flint about two or three years; then he married;\\nat 26 he moved hack on his place and lived there the remainder of\\nhis life. He died in 1870 leaving a wife and 2 children. His\\nwife was born in 1S34, in England, and came to this country when\\nshe was about 16, with her parents. She still lives on the farm.\\nJoyce Hewitt, his elder daughter, was born in 1863, and Mary\\nHewitt was burn in 1S69. Mr. Hewitt joined the Methodist Church\\nwhen he was about 22 and he lived and died a devoted Christian.\\nLJeweJtyn Homer, of Chesaning, was born at Youngsville, War-\\nren Co., Pa., March 27, 1850, and is a son of Lemuel and Elizabeth\\nHomer, natives of New York and Pennsylvania. When Mr.\\nHomer was nine years of age his parents removed to West Spring\\nCreek. Pa.; his mother died at Youngsville the same year.\\nThree years later he accompanied his father to Chesaning, Mich.,\\nwhere the latter died Aug. 17, 1872. On Sept. 3, 1864, and when\\nonly 14 years of age, he enlisted in Co. C, 29th Reg. Mich. Vol.\\nInf., being honorably discharged Sept. 21, 1S65. The year 1866\\nhe spent in Pennsylvania, and in 1808 returned to Chesaning,\\nwhere he has since resided. He was married Nov. 16, 1870, to\\nRowena Parshall, who was born in Livingston Co., N. Y., in Feb-\\nruary, 1850. They have 1 child, Harry L., born Dec. 8, 1880. Mr.\\nHomer is Democratic in politics.\\nAmnion H. Lobdell, farmer, sec. 21; P. O., Chesaning; was born\\nat Hamburg, Erie Co., N. Y., Dec. 3, 1828. His parents were\\nPliny and Nancy Lobdell, the former of whom was born Jan. 2,\\n1801, and his mother, Aug. 17, 1802. Amnion ripened into man-\\nhood on a farm and in 1866 located in Chesaning tp., Saginaw\\nCo. He was married Oct. 10, 1848, to Caroline Northum, daugh-\\nter of Levi North um, and born in Erie Co., N. Y., Jan. 27, 1830.\\nOf the 12 children iriven them, 9 are living Ida G., wife of Mr.\\nErastus Wirman; Emine L., wife of George McCormick; Martha\\nA., wife of Frank Lobdell; Louise D., wife of Wallace Day; Flor-\\nence M., wife of Arthur Lewis; Austin K., Gabriel and Charles E.\\nPliny, Seymour and Cary are deceased. Mr. Lobdell is a member\\nof the I. O. O. F. and P. of H. societies and the Republican party.\\nRufu.s P. Mason. This pioneer of Chesaning was born in\\nCheshire Co., X. H., Oct. 25, 1813; his parents, Joseph and Lucy\\n(Flint) Mason, were natives of Connecticut. Joseph Mason was", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0815.jp2"}, "812": {"fulltext": "826 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nborn March 6, 1751; served as a Sergeant in the .Revolutionary\\nwar from its beginning to its close, and removed to Cheshire Co.,\\nN. H., soon after the close of the war, where he died Feb. 18, 1834.\\nHis wife died at the same place Jan. 6, 1833. They had a family\\nof 14 children, the subject of this sketch being the youngest.\\nRufns P. Mason passed his youth on a farm, in the meantime re-\\nceiving a common-school education. May IT, 1810, he was mar-\\nried to Caroline Otis, a daughter of Isaac Otis, who was the first\\nUnited States Marshal for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.\\nHe also established a bank in New York city, acting as its Presi-\\ndent for four years. He afterward founded the Atlantic Bank of\\nNew York city, and acted as its President until his death, in\\nAugust, I860.\\nRufus P. Mason before coming to Chesaning had followed the\\nbusiness of building and constructing railroads, acting as superin-\\ntendent for other parties, at a salary of $1,500 per year. This\\nposition he abandoned and came to what is now Chesaning village,\\nin the fall of 1841, and selected land. With the exception of five\\nyears spent in New York and one and a half years in the Lake Su-\\nperior country in the lumber business, Mr. Mason has been a constant\\nresident of Chesaning village since 1841. He kept one of the first\\nstores and thepostofHce at Chesaning village, and has been constantly\\nidentified with its business interests up to date. He now resides\\nin the village, and owns and operates a farm of ISO acres.\\nMr. Mason is a Republican, and has served his tp. as Highway\\nCommissioner 20 years, Justice of the Peace four years, and Tp.\\nClerk 10 years; he also acted for a time as Secretary of the\\nFarmers Mutual Insurance Co. He and his wife are members of\\nthe M. E. Church. They have a family of 5 children, as follows:\\nMary E., now the wife of Rev. C. W. Austin; Tryphena, now liv-\\ning in China, where her husband, Rev. O. W. Willits, has acted\\nas a missionary since 1880; W. Otis, Allie and Fanny.\\nMr. Mason is a thorough business man and enjoys the respect\\nand esteem of all. In his younger days he was noted for his ac-\\ntivit} 7 and as a pedestrian was seldom excelled; as an example, he\\nwalked from Pontiac to Chesaning, a distance of 75 miles, in 16\\nhours, the roads being quite muddy at the time; and at another\\ntime, from Bay City to Chesaning in one day. He is still active\\nand vigorous, although nearly three-score and ten.\\nJames A. Mericles, farmer, sec. 6, was born in Chenango Co.,\\nN. Y., Oct. 27, 1835; parents were Cornelius and Betsey Mericles,\\nnatives of New York; subject of sketch grew to manhood in\\nCayuga county of native State; on Aug. 8, 1862, he enlisted in Co.\\nD, 23d Reg., Mich. Yol. Inf., and was discharged July 12, 1865;\\nthen came to East Saginaw, where he remained 7 years; subse-\\nquently removed to Midland county, but while there- two saw-mills\\nowned by him burned to the ground, and he then went to Hazel-\\nton, Shiawassee Co., and afterward to present location; was\\nmarried March 6, 1859, to Emma Anthony, daughter of Hiram", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0816.jp2"}, "813": {"fulltext": "CHESANING TOWNSHIP. 821\\nand Lucy (Beebe) Anthony, native- of New York: former was\\nbora Aug. \u00e2\u0080\u00a2_ L803, and the latter March 4, L808; wife was born in\\nMadison Co., X. Y., July 14. LS42; they have an adopted child,\\nMinnie J., bom April 6, l s i^: subject own- farm of 80 acre-.\\nDavid W. Milks, farmer, sec. L3, was horn in Cattaraugus Co.,\\nX. 5T., June 30, 1830; parents were Benjamin and Polly (Moore)\\nMilks; former was born near Lake George, N. V.. and served in\\nwar of I 1 subject was raised on a farm; received common-\\nschool education; was married Oct. 20, L850, to Harriet Turner,\\ndaughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Kelch) Turner; wife was born\\nin Herkimer Co., X. V.. Feb. 21, L830; they have 3 children\\nJoseph E., horn Aug. 1. L851; Polly A., horn April L3, 1854, and\\nHarney R., horn March 30, L864; subject settled in Chesaning tp.\\nin June, 1856; owns 40 acres of land: is neutral in politics; himself\\nand wife are Seventh-Day Adventists, assisting in organizing said\\nsociety in Saginaw county.\\nJohn S. Muler, a respected citizen of Chesaning, was horn in\\nYork Co., Pa., May 12, 1800; parents were John and Sarah\\nMiller; former a native of New Jersey, and drummer in Continental\\narmy at age of I s year-: latter a native of Pennsylvania; subject\\nreceived a good education; in 1826 went to Carroll Co., Ohio;\\ncame to Saginaw county in 1865; was married April 25, 1821, to\\nMary Ryland. Seven children were born Thomas J., Charles AY..\\nJohnT., William and David: Eliza and Julia A. are deceased;\\nwife died Nov. 22, 1840. He was married again June 29, 1841, to\\nSarah A., daughter of James and Sarah Davis; wife was born in\\nWashington Co., Pa., Feb. 19, 1821; 4 c*hildren given to second\\nunion Sahra E., wife of S. S. Carson; Mary E., wite of Hiram\\nWhitney; Samuel, who married Susan Norman, and Joseph H.,\\nmarried to Anna McClellan; 4 sons were soldiers in civil war;\\nsubject and wife are members of United Brethren in Christ: former\\nis Republican in politics.\\nC. Mbessner, dealer in hoots and shoes, Chesaning. Mich., was\\nhorn in Wurtemberg, Germany, Dec. 31, 1 S U: came to America\\nin 1851; spent two years at his trade at Grand Rapids, Mich.;\\nuntil 1863 was located at Owosso; in latter year came to Ches-\\naning: was married in 1859 t Catherine Hickman. Of 5 chil-\\ndren born to this marriage are living Fred M., Maggie C,\\nand Ague-: John and Louisa A. are deceased; subject and wife\\nare members of Evangelical Lutheran Church, of which the former\\nis a class leader; subject is a K. of H. and a Republican; his father\\ncame to America in 1870, and resides with him.\\nRobert H. Nason, one of Chesaning s wealthiest and most prom-\\ninent men. was horn in Northampton, England. June 9, 1832. His\\nparents, Charles and Harriet Nason, emigrated to America when\\nhe was two years of age, and settled near Buffalo, N. T.,where Rob-\\nert was reared on a farm. In October, 1852, he came to Chesaning\\nand engaged in farming and lumbering. lie began here with very\\nlimited means. His business was buying and drawing logs to\\nChesaning and hiring them sawed. In 1859 he purchased a water-\\nmill, situated on the site of the present flouring mill. He ran this", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0817.jp2"}, "814": {"fulltext": "828 HISTORY OF SAGINAW county.\\nmill two years, then bought a tract of pine land of 1,500 acres, five\\nmiles east of Chesaning, and built on it a saw-mill; then sold it to\\nWilcox Bros., of Jackson, for $25,000. This was his first specula-\\ntion. He afterward came to Chesaning and built a saw-mill at a\\ncost of $4,000. He ran it for two years, then purchased a tract of\\npine land of 2,500 acres in Albee, where he operated in lumber lo\\nyears, then sold an interest to a Mr. Gould, changing the firm to\\nNason Gould. During this time he built a mill in Maple Grove\\ntp., which he ran four years, then sold. He speculated in land for a\\nnumber of years. He now owns 1,000 acres of line land in the\\nvicinity of Chesaning.\\nMr. Nason owns a large interest in the salt block at Garfield, and\\nalso a saw-mill there, built in March, 1878, at a cost of $10,000.\\nJuly 4, 1851, Mr. N. was married to Miss Susan Odell, by whom\\nhe has had 3 children; of these 2 are living, viz.: Geo. M., mar-\\nried to Miss Hattie Blount, and Ida.\\nIn politics Mr. Nason is a .Republican.\\nWilliam H. JViver, jr., druggist, Chesaning, was born in\\nChemung Co., N. Y., Oct. 5, 1835. His parents, William II. and\\nEleanor Niver, were natives of Orange Co., N. Y. William H.,jr.,\\nwas raised a farmer s boy, and his educational advantages were\\nlimited to those of a district school. He learned the carpenter and\\njoiner s trade, and from 1855 to 1805 was a farmer of Saginaw\\ncounty. In the latter year he opened a drug store at Chesaning,\\nwhere he has since been engaged in business. He was married\\nJan. 1, 1856, to Lemira Par shall, who was born in Livingston Co.,\\nMich., July 3, 1840. Her parents, Israel and Minerva Parshall,\\nwere natives of New York. Of the 3 children born to this\\nunion 2 are living Alice M., wife of James L. McCauley, and\\nEmeroy A. Frank E. is deceased. Mr. Niver is a Mason and a\\nRepublican.\\nIsrael Parshall (deceased) was born in Chemung Co., N. Y.,\\nMay 4, 1815. His parents, Asa and Susannah (Kinney) Parshall,\\nwere natives of Long Island, the former being a miller. Israel\\ncame to Havana, Mich., in 1S55, and sent after his family the fol-\\nlowing year. He was the founder of Havana (or Parshallville\\nand served as its Postmaster until death, and his widow filled the\\noffice until 1870, when it was discontinued. Mr. Parshall aided to\\norganize a Baptist society at Havana, which, after a four years ex-\\nistence, was removed to Oakley. Mr. Parshall was married May\\n19,1839, to Minerva Cole, daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth Cole,\\nthe former of whom was a native of New York, and died April 11,\\n1878. Mrs. Parshall s mother was born on Long Island, and now\\nresides in Oceola, Livingston Co., Mich. Of the 7 children\\nsent to bless this alliance 6 are living Lemira, born July 3, 1840;\\nMerritt, born April 1, 1844; Ursula, born Jan. 25, 1846; Milton\\nC, born Jan. 20, 1850; Alvira E., born April 25, 1852; Cynthia C,\\nborn Dec. 9, 1855, and Milles L., born Dec. 25, 1864. On Aug.\\n25, 1865, Mr. Parshall was fatally wounded by an accidental dis-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0818.jp2"}, "815": {"fulltext": "CHESANING TOWNSHIP. 829\\ncharge of his gun while deer-bunting. lie was a man of sterling\\nworth, a father of love and charity to the community, who held him\\nin the highest esteem. I Le \\\\va Republican in politics. Mrs. Par-\\nshall was married L)ec. 31, 1872, to (inv Van Gorder, who was born\\nat Elmira, X. Y.,Nov. 25, L832.\\nS. Patterson. Chesaning, Mich., was born in Erie Co., Pa.,\\nMarch 25, L827. His parents were John and Eliza Patterson, the\\nformer a native of New York and the latter of Rhode Island.\\nWhen five years of age, Mr. Patterson accompanied his parents to\\nLake- when- he remained for L7 years. He then went to\\nFlint, Mich., and worked one year at blacksmithing, and after a\\ntwo year- residence in Brady tp., came t Chesaning, where he\\nhas since resided. He has worked in the lumber business for 15\\nyears; also at mason s trade; enlisted in Co. (r, 3d, Mich. Caw,\\nand fought in over 50 battles and skirmishes; was married April\\n29, 1853, to Samantha Swift, who was born in Ohio in November,\\nL835, and daughter of Nathaniel and Sallie Swift. They have\\n4 children Alice A., wife of Orville Chase; Ida, Wilber and\\nGeorge. Lua is deceased. Mr. P. is a member of the I. O. 0. F.,\\nand is a Republican.\\nLewis Pearson, farmer, northwest quarter of the northwest quar-\\nter, see. 4. was born in Sweden in 1840. His parents are Perry\\nJohnson and Hannah (Mons) Pearson. Lewis was educated in\\nSweden, and reared on a farm. In 1872 he came to America,\\nand located land in Chesaning tp. where he owns 90 acres of good\\nland. He is a Republican, and in 1880 was elected Tp. Assessor.\\nlie was married inl86] to Hannah Pearson, but no relative. This\\nunion has been blessed with 6 children, 3 boys and 3 girls. Mr.\\nPearson is one of the substantial farmers of Chesaning tp. Names\\nof children Anna, Ellen, James, Perry, Nelson and Jennie, all at\\nhome. Mr. Pearson has cleared up 70 acres of timber land by\\nhis own and family s labor.\\nLyman Perkins, farmer, sec. 14; P. Chesaning; was born in\\nmondaga Co., X. V., June 11, 1812; is a son of Peter and Mary\\nPerkins, natives of Vermont; former was a soldier in the war of\\n1812, and received pension until his death, which occurred March\\n3, L881, at the advanced age of 93 years; Mrs. Perkins died in\\nMay, l s 7i subject of sketch was reared on a farm, and in IS 74.\\nsettled on present farm, which contains 70 acres; is Republican in\\npolitics; was married Aug. 16, 1851, to Nancy Lock wood, who was\\nbom in Ohio, duly L3, 1830; is a daughter of Benjamin and Mary\\nLockwood, natives of New York and Ohio; of children born to\\nthem. 8 are living Mary, Lucinda, Lyman J., Emily, Edward,\\nBenjamin, Florence and Laura; wife s grandfather served in the\\nContinental army, under Gen. Washington.\\nJos, j,], Perrot (deceased) was born in France, March 19, 1821.\\nHis early life was spent in agricultural pursuits, and in 1842 he\\ncame to America. He passed three years trading with the Indians\\non the Rocky Mountains. Then went South, and was overseer\\non a plantation a portion of the time from 1845 to 1851. In 1852\\n50", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0819.jp2"}, "816": {"fulltext": "830 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nhe went to Detroit, Mich., and was engineer in a saw-mill for\\ntour years. He came to this county about 1853, and lived here\\ntill Ins death, which occurred Oct. 21, 1874. lie was married at\\nDetroit, in May, 1853, to Mrs. Josephine Pay wet, widow of Peter\\nPaywet (dec.) and daughter of Peter and Dodau Gullerat. Two\\nchildren were given \u00c2\u00a3othem Adella, wife of Alexander Stephens,\\n(married May 10, 1870), was born Feb. 28, 1854, and Adolphe J.,\\nborn March 19, 1856.\\nGmrett Post was born in New York city, Aug. 10, 1824; his\\nparents were James and Margaret Post, of Hackensack, N. Y. He\\nresided in New York city until 10 years old, when his parents\\ndied, who were buried the same day and in the same vault, on\\nBedford street. The subject of this sketch then went to Middlesex\\nCo., N. J., and lived with his mother s relatives three years; then\\nreturned to New York city, remaining one year, when he went\\nwith his uncle to Cayuga Co., N. Y., where he was reared to man-\\nhood. At the age of 19 he went to Auburn and learnt the black-\\nsmith s trade; lived there six years, and then worked at his trade\\nin Montezuma two years; then went to Waterloo, Seneca Co., and\\nran a shop four years. Feb. 2, 1847, he married Catherine, daugh-\\nter of Peter Maynard; she was born in Waterloo, N. Y., May 11,\\n1829; they have had 5 children, of whom 4 are living: James M.\\nwas born Nov. 17, 1848; Thomas J., March 18, 1850; Eugene B.,\\nApril 25, 1856; Garrett M. H., Feb. 18, 1867; Helen Rachel, born\\nMay 9, 1852, died July 5, 1866. Mr. Post came to this county in\\nOctober, 1869, locating in Chesaning; in six months he went back\\nto Genesee Co., where he had settled in 1851, and in 1875 returned\\nto Chesaning. He has been proprietor of a hotel in Chesaning\\nfour years; has been Justice of the Peace four years. He is agent\\nfor the N. Y. Fire Ins. Co., and the Phoenix Co., of Brooklyn. He\\nis a Republican. His grandfather was in the Revolutionary war.\\nHis father was once a partner of Cornelius Vanderbilt, in a ferry-\\nboat.\\nAmos W. Price (deceased) was born at Elizabethtown, N. J.,\\nMarch 4, 1811. When 11 years of age he commenced an appren-\\nticeship at trunk-making, where he remained for seven years. For\\n25 years previous to his death he was the general agent for Michi-\\ngan for Sheldon Co., book-publishers, of New York city, and\\nalway, took a lively interest in all matters pertaining to the educa-\\ntional welfare of Michigan. He assisted largely in revising Michi-\\ngan s edition of school geographies. He was married June 10,\\n1868, to Eliza Clark, who was born at Suffolk, Eng., Dec. 4, 1835,\\nand accompanied her parents, Samuel and Mary Clark, to Amer-\\nica, in 1857. Three children were born to them, 2 of whom are\\nliving James W., born Jan. 13, 1859, is cashier for Geo. Peck\\nCo., of Detroit; William C, born Nov. 24, 1862. Mr. Price died\\nJan. 18, 1879. Mrs. Price resides on sec. 29, where she located in\\n1876.\\nCyrus O. Tubbs was born in Livingston Co., Mich., Aug. 10,\\nL852. His parents are Samuel K. and Almeda Tubbs, the former", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0820.jp2"}, "817": {"fulltext": "CHESANING TOWNSHIP. 831\\nof whom is a native of Vermont, and the hitter of New York.\\nCyrus was reared on a farm, and received his educational training\\nin the Howell high school. He was married ug. L2, L875, to\\nEliza Allen. w1h was born at Chesaning, Sept. L6, 1856, and is a\\ndaughter of William 1*. and Eliza A. Allen. Some years since\\nMr. Tubbs purchased an interest in the drug store of \\\\)v. Eldred,\\nof Chesaning. Ele is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows\\nfraternities, and is a lv. of II. and a Democrat.\\nQeorgi II Rogers, farmer, sec. 23, was horn at Fort George,\\nCanada, April 17. L812; parents were Dean and Mary (Peasley)\\nRogers, natives of Connecticut; father was lost on lakes in 1812\\nsubject was bound out to work at age of six years; mother and\\nsister went to Canada, where latter soon died; family were sepa-\\nrated; for many years didn t know each other s whereabouts; sub-\\nject reared a farmer s bov; at age of ~2\\\\ years went to Wolves\\nCreek. Wyoming Co., X. V.. ami purchased saw-mill, which he\\nran for 1. years; then came to Flint, and in 1856 purchased 320\\nacres of timbered land on see. 2 Chesaning tp.; was married\\n.Ian. 7. L837, to Maria Flanders; 8 children born, 6 living Levi\\nI).. William C, Francis M.. Marcellus D., Maria, wife of William\\nJudd, of Nebraska, and .1. Morris; Flora M. and Americas are\\ndeceased subject and wife are members of M. E. Church; he is\\nRepublican, ami has been Justice of Peace for eight years; High-\\nway Commissioner for three years; owns farm of 80 acres.\\nUa/oid B. Smith, farmer, see-. L9 and 20, is a son of William\\nand Fliza Smith, early pioneers of Saginaw county. He was born\\nin WorcesterCo., Mass.. Feb. L8, L836, and when six years of age\\naccompanied his parents to Saginaw county, suffering the toils and\\nprivations of pioneer life, and the humble educational facilities\\nthen afforded by a district school. He was married Feb. IT), 1863,\\nto Hannah Day. who was born in Oakland Co., Mich., May 15,\\n1841, and daughter of Willett and Meda Smith. Mr. Smith owns\\n80 acres of well-improved land, and is an advocate of Democracy.\\n./ml,/, Will mm Smith is one of Chesaning s most worthy pioneers.\\nHe was born in Worcester o., Mass., April 28, l s a son of )liver\\nand Hannah Smith, who were natives of Norfolk Co., Mass. Judge\\nSmith was reared on a farm, and at quite an early age he learned the\\ntrade of stone mason. About this time heturned hisfootsteps south-\\nward, intending to locate in North Carolina; but not being satis-\\nfied, returned in a short time to New England, walking the entire\\ndistance. The years L820 and 1821 he was employed at his trade\\nin the construction of the Erie canal; he subsequently clerked in a\\nstore at Pelham, Ma s.. two years, live years at Cape Cod, and\\none yearat Walpole, Mass.. at which places he followed the butch-\\nering business. He then was engaged at burning coal at Hopkin-\\nton and Princeton for six years, when he returned to the business\\nto which he was reared, that of farming, in the town of Leicester,\\nMass., where he remained until L842; he then came to Chesaning,\\nwhere he immediately entered 200 acresofland, on which he soon", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0821.jp2"}, "818": {"fulltext": "832 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nerected a log shanty. This was on sec. 21.\\nHe has been a resident of Chesaning from that time up to the\\npresent, sharing in all the hardships incident to a pioneer life, and\\nfor nearly half a century has been identified witli the best interests\\nof the tp. of Chesaning. In politics he is a Democrat, and has\\nfilled various offices of honor and trust, among which is that of\\nSupervisor three years. In 1845 he was chosen County Judge,\\nserving four years, and later was elected and has tilled the office\\nof Justice of the Peace for four years. At an early day he was\\nappointed Postmaster, and he distributed the mail from his house\\nfor a number of years. He also acted as mail-carrier from Corunna\\nto Saginaw City in those early days. Feb. 2, 1826, Judge Smith was\\nmarried to Miss Eliza Boyden, who was born in Ilillsboro Co.,\\nN. H., July 5, 1806, a daughter of Jonathan and Tryphena Boy-\\nden, both natives of Massachusetts. To this union 7 children\\nwere born, 6 of whom are living, as follows Eliza A., now the\\nwidow of William P. Allen; John L., who married Anna Rhodes;\\nEdward, who married Alice Smith; Geo. W. C, who married\\nSophia Day; David B., who married Hannah Day; William, jr.,\\nwho married Electa Hooker, and James 1ST., who married Lydia\\nFuller.\\nWhile living in Massachusetts Judge Smith was commissioned a\\nCaptain by Gov. Levi Lincoln, in the 1st Regiment of the 1st\\nBrigade of the 5th Division of Massachusetts Militia, and acted as\\nsuch for several years. The father and four uncles of Judge Smith\\nwere soldiers under Gen. Washington during the Revolutionary\\nwar. Their names were Oliver, Jeremy, James, John and Eliphalet\\nSmith. The last-named witnessed the execution of Major Andre.\\nTwo of the sons of Judge Smith William, jr., and James N.\\nalso served on Federal side in the war of the great Rebellion.\\nAfter an unbroken married life of nearly half a century, Judge\\nSmith and his life partner were sundered by the hand of death;\\nhis estimable and beloved wife departed this life May 17, 1875,\\nleaving her aged husband, children, and many friends to mourn\\nher loss. She was a good wife, a kind mother and a true woman.\\nThis family of Smiths were very early settlers in Massachusetts,\\nand were of English origin. The father of Judge Smith was born\\nAug. 24, 1762, and died in August, 1844, while his mother died in\\n1803, in September. Judge Smith still resides on sec. 21, Ches-\\naning tp. His portrait is given on page 811.\\nC. C. Sprague, carpenter, Chesaning, was born in Erie Co.,\\nOhio, 1836; parents were Seth and Lucy (Durham) Spragne, both\\nof Scotch descent. Subject of sketch came as a missionary in\\n1864, and labored several years in this and Genesee counties;\\nsettled in Taymouth tp. in 1860, and in Chesaning tp. in 1S79\\nowns house and lot at Chesaning; was Tp. Clerk one year, High-\\nway Commissioner three years, and Justice of the Peace six years\\nIn politics is Republican. Was married, in 1860, to Wealthy S.\\nPeck, of New York. They have 3 children Lucy L., Sarah", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0822.jp2"}, "819": {"fulltext": "CHESANING T0WN8HIP. 833\\nE. and Cora I. B. Subject and wife are members of the United\\nBrethren in Christ. Lucy L. is connected with the Baptist and\\nSarah E. with the M. E. Church.\\nEdmund Stearne*, an early pioneer of Chesaning tp., was born\\nin Brattleboro Co., Vt., April 28, 1813; parents were Isaac and\\nCynthia Stearnes. Subject of sketch went to Washington Co., Vt,\\nat age of eight years, where he learned the painter s trade; came\\nto Detroit, Mich., in 1*31:; went to Flint in 1837, and in 1856\\ncame to Saginaw county; was married Jan. 6, 1833, to Laura M.\\nAniable; of 5 children given them, 4 are living James, who\\nmarried Emma Logan; Charles W., married to Mary Austin;\\nHarriet, wife of Alanson Thayer, and George M., who united in\\nmarriage with Odele G-illett; Mary is deceased; wife was born in\\nLivingston Co., N. Y., Nov. 5, i817, and is daughter of Cornelius\\nand Cynthia Amable, natives of New York. Subject owns 40\\nacres of land on sec. 23, and is a Democrat.\\n0. F. Walker, dealer in furniture, Chesaning, was born in\\nWyoming Co., N. Y., March 13, 1S32. His parents were Jacob\\nand Cynthia Walker, the former a native of Chenango, and the\\nlatter of Oneida Co., N. Y. Mr. Walker passed his boyhood days\\non a farm, and at 12 years of age learned the carpenter s and cabinet-\\nmaker s trades, under Silas Newcomb, of Pike, Wyoming Co., N.\\nY. He followed his trade at different cities until 1851, when he\\ncame to Chesaning. He pursued the same avocation till 1869,\\nwhen he established his present business. On April 26, 1855, he\\nmarried Cordelia Mudge, who was the first white child that was born\\nin Castello tp., Barry Co., Mich., May 5, 1838, and is a daughter of\\nLorenzo Mudge, a prominent pioneer of Barry county. Three\\nchildren were given to this happy union Royal O., who married\\nCora Clark; Emma C, a school-teacher, and Burtrand. Mrs.\\nWalker died Oct. 19, 1865, and Mr. W. was again married July\\n2 L866, to Emily A. Merrill, who was born in Wayne Co., Mich.,\\nin September, L842, and is a daughter of Leander and Emily Merrill,\\nof New York. They have 2 children Libbie and Lena. Mr.\\nWalker s grandfather was a soldier in the Continental army.\\nEl ilni West/all^ farmer, sec. 27; P. O., Chesaning; was born in\\nChemung Co., X. Y., April 10, 1830, son of Abram and Eliza-\\nbeth Westfall; former born in New Jersey in 1790, and was soldier\\nin war of 1812; died Oct. 9, 1861; latter born Feb. 27, 1790, and\\ndied Oct. 6, 1875; subject of sketch was reared in native State; in\\n1S57 removed to Erie Co., Ohio, where was farmer till war; enlisted\\nin Co. C, 55th Reg. Ohio Vol. Inf., and in 1863 had leg broken by\\nfall from wagon; was honorably discharged Sept. 23, 1863; was\\nengaged in manufacture of salt for some time; came to Chesaning\\non April 23, L867; started for Italy, where he remained one year,\\nengaged in the oil trade; was married May 15. 1851, to Amelia\\nVan Gorder, daughter of John and Sallie Van Gorder; wife was\\nborn in Chemung Co., N. Y., July 11, 1828; 4 children born to\\nthem James II., who married Carrie Finney, George F., married", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0823.jp2"}, "820": {"fulltext": "834 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nto Eva O.Gaylord; Albert E. and Judd B.; have 1 adopted child,\\nNellie Porter; subject and wife are members of Disciples of Christ\\nsociety; former is a member of I. O. O. F., and Republican in\\npolitics.\\nReuben Wiltse, farmer, sec. 4, was born in Canada in 1S01.\\nHis parents were Cornelius and Patience (Mott) Wiltse, natives of\\nthe Eastern States, the former of German, and the latter of Irish\\ndescent. Mr. Wiltse received an ordinary education, but has been\\na Bible student the greater portion of his life. He was converted\\nto the gospel of Christ in 1826, and for several years has been a\\nlocal minister in the M. E. Church; also a class-leader. Mr. Wiltse\\nis a Republican, and owns a good farm. He came to this State\\nin 1856, and located in Chesaning tp. In 1824 he married\\nNancy Brown, a native of Canada. They had 6 children, 4 of\\nwhom are living. Mrs. Wiltse died in 1839, and a year later Mr.\\nWiltse married Mrs. Ann (Armstrong) Free, who died Dec. 10,\\n1880. The names of Mr. Wiltse s children were Peter, Chloe,\\nRhoda, Ezra, Phoebe, Cornelius all living, except Peter and Cor-\\nnelius, deceased.\\nWilliam W. Wyman, farmer, sec. 27, was born in Onondaga,\\nCo., N. Y., April 12, 1822; father was born at Boston, Mass., Nov.\\n29. 1783, and was seaman on board frigate Constitution was taken\\nprisoner three times, and died Sept. 4, 1854, aged 71 years; mother\\nwas born in Canandaigua Co., N. Y., Aug. 7, 1790, and died April\\n13, 1862; grandfather of subject, Ebenezer Wyman, was a soldier\\nunder General Washington; subject of sketch received practical\\neducation in agricultural pursuits; was married Dec. 25, 1846, to\\nHarriet Hollenbeck, daughter of Cornelius and Frances Hollen-\\nbeck; wife was born in New York Feb. 13, 1828; have 1 child\\n(adopted), Zalmore Mallory, born March 12,1858; subject is mem-\\nber of Masonic fraternity, is a Democrat, and owns farm of 60 acres.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0824.jp2"}, "821": {"fulltext": "FRANK KX.MlTfl TOWNSHIP.\\nThis important section of the county has been referred to in the\\npages devoted to county history, and again in the sketch of the\\nGerman settlement of the Valley, prepared by Dr. M. C. T. PI\\nner. Therefore it is unnecessary to deal here with what has lteen\\nalready treated very fully.\\nThe physical characteristics of the township may be summed up\\nin the words, rolling lands, most productive soil, and great water-\\ncourse. The Cass river enters the township at the southeast cor-\\nner of section 25, flows in its tortuous channel through sections 26,\\n27, liS 29 and 30. In the latter section the waters of Dead creek\\nenter the river from the southeast. This river and creek may be\\nconsidered the only streams in the township.\\nThe proposed line of the East Saginaw St. Clair railroad\\nwas surveyed through the northern sections.\\nThe application to organize that portion of the county known as\\ntownship 11 north, of range 6 east, was considered lyy the Board of\\nSupervisors Jan. 3, 1854, when it was ordered that the above-\\ndescribed territory be, and the same is, hereby duly organized into a\\ntownship, to be known and designated by the name of Franken-\\nmuth, which said township is described as being within the limits\\nand under the jurisdiction of Saginaw county, in the State of Mich-\\nigan and be it further ordered that the first annual meeting for\\nelection of township officers in said township be held at the old\\nchurch in said township of Frankenmuth on the first Monday in\\nApril next ensuing, and that the following named persons, to-wit:\\nG. A. Ranzenberger, G. M. Shafer and A. Koch, being three elect-\\nors of said township, be, and they are, hereby designated and\\nappointed to preside at such election, and to perform all the duties\\nrequired by the statute.\\nThe first township meeting was held at the old church, April 3,\\n1854, with G. A. Ranzenberger, Moderator; G. M. Shaefer and A.\\nKoch, Inspectors, and George Schmidt, Clerk.\\nGeo. Schmidt was elected Supervisor; A. Ranzenberger, Clerk;\\nJohn A. List. Drain Commissioner; John G. Hubinger, I. L.\\nKrafft, I. G. Burlein, Commissioners of Highways; Geo. M.\\nShaefer, J. M. Gazel, J. S. Kummel, John Baldwin, Constables; J.\\nM. Hubinger, School Inspector; August Koch and John Schroll,\\nOverseers of the Poor; J. M. Burlein, J. O. Walter, J. M. Kief, J.\\nM. List, J. M. Arnold, Overseers of Highways; and N. II Gan-\\nboii, John M. Arnold, Geo. Schmidt, Justices of the Peace. The\\nfollowing list contains the names of the principal township officers\\ndown to the present time:\\n(835)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0825.jp2"}, "822": {"fulltext": "836\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nGeo. Schmidt 1854- 8\\nGeo. M. Schaefer 1859- 60\\nGeo. Schmidt 1861\\nJohn A. List 1862 3\\nGeo. M. Schaefer 1864- 6\\nJohn L. Krafft 1867- 73\\nGeo. M. Schaefer 1874- 8\\nJohn L. Krafft 1879- 80\\nJohn M. Gugel 1881\\nCLERKS.\\nA. Ranzenberger 1854\\nGeo. M. Schaefer 1855- 6\\nJohn S. Rummel 1857- 68\\nJohn A. List 1869- 70\\nGeo. M. Schaefer 1871- 3\\nJohn M. List 1874- 81\\nTREASURERS.\\nJohn A. List.\\nJohn A. List.\\n.1854\\n.1855-\\nT. Haubenstricker\\nJohn M. Hubinger\\n.1858- 68\\n.1869- 81\\nJUSTICES.\\nN. H. Ganson, J. M. Arnold,\\nGeo. Schmidt 1854\\nJohn M. Hubinger 1855\\nGeo. A. Ranzenberger 1850\\nJohn M. Arnold 1857\\nGeo. Schmidt 1858\\nJohn M. Hubinger 1859\\nGeo. M. Williams 1860\\nJohn M. Arnold 1861\\nGeo. A. Ranzenberger 1862\\nJohn M. Hubinger 1863\\nGeo. M. Williams 1864\\nJohn Gretzinger 1865\\nGeo. A. Ranzenberger 1866\\nJohn G. Brieter 1867\\nGeo. M. Williams 1868\\nGeo. M. Schaefer 1869\\nGeo. M Schaefer 1870\\nJohn (4. Brieter 1871\\nFred. W. Koch, Geo. L.- Beyer. .1872\\nGeo. M. Williams .1873\\nJohn L. Krafft, Geo. M. Schaefer. 1874\\nJohn G. Rummell 1875\\nJohn M.Jordan 1876\\nGeo. M. Williams 1877\\nFred. K. Schenck 1878\\nJohn G. Rummell 1879\\nJohn M. Jordan 1880\\nA. C. Payne 1881\\nThe present officers of the township are John M. Gugel, Super-\\nvisor; John M. List, Clerk; John M. Hubinger, Treasurer;\\nLorenzo Hubinger, Superintendent of Schools; Henry Heinle,\\nSchool Inspector; Geo. L. Beyer, Commissioner of Highways;\\nWilliam Heine, Newell Simons, B. B. Feigner and Christian Har-\\nrold, Constables, and the Justice named above.\\nThe churches of the township are elegant buildings. That\\nerected in 1880 west of the village is a brick edifice, with stone fac-\\nings, mullioned windows, and a general^ Gothic appearance. It\\nforms the finest building devoted to Christian worship outside the\\ntwo cities of the county.\\nAnotlie frame building constructed in 1880, is located within the\\nvillage of Frankenmuth. It is well-ordered, commodious and a\\ntelling monument to the zeal of the German settlers.\\nThe schools are German almost in every feature. The element-\\nary American courses are taught, but the cultivation of the Ger-\\nman language is the main object. They may be considered\\ndenominational in the fnllese sense of the term.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0826.jp2"}, "823": {"fulltext": "FRAN K K\\\\ Ml I ll Tl WNSHIP\\n837\\nTOWNSHIP LANDS.\\nThe following roll of early land-buyers is characteristic, for the\\nreason that each purchaser has been an occupying proprietor. In\\nmany instances the patentee settled in the township long before\\nhe became the owner of the soil:\\n.1 I). Riethmaier, sec 3 Ocl 3, 1853\\nConrad Riethmaier, sec 3. July 11, 1853\\nJacob Riethmaier see 3, Nov .27. 1854\\nJohn Schroll, Bec3, May 16, L850\\nGottlieb Fink, sec 3, Bepl 6, 1853\\nJohn M. Keif, sec3, Nov 28, 1854\\nJohann s, Laux, Bee 3, Nov 29, 1854\\nFrederick Billmuer, sec 4, July 2, 1853\\nB. M. Hockthancer,sec4, Mar 28, 1854\\nB.R. Weidenmuller, sec4, Dec 13, 1850\\nJobannS. Laux, sec 4. Dec 1, is. ii\\nCbria Eockthancer, sec 4, Jan 16, 1854\\nJobuG. Roth, see 4, July 11. 1854\\nJ. J. Nassett, sec 4, Ocl is, 1853, and\\nJune 28, 1853\\nFr.ni/ J. Eisinhaner, sec 5, Dec 2. ls.V2\\nDarwin A. Pettibone, sec 5, Nov 28, 1854\\nJohn L. Stetlang, sec 5, Aim 2, 1852\\nJohn G. Schnell, sec 5, Jan in, 1855\\nDarwin A. Pettibone, sec 5, Dec it, 1814\\nAugustus Luli, sec 6, Dec 11, 1854\\nLorenzo Hodgmau, sec 6, Dec lt,l s 54\\nMortimer Wadhams, sec 6, Mar 21. 1837\\nWilliam Miller, sec 7, Nov 28, 1854\\nMori. Wadhams, sec 7. Mar 21, 1837\\nJohn P. Has^. sec s, Dec 14. 1854\\nFrederick Bernthal, sec 8, Mar I- is,-):;\\nWilliam Miller, sec 8, Nov 28, 1854\\nJ. J.Buchinger, sec 8, April 26, 1854\\nDarw.A. Pettibone sec 8, Nov 28, 1854\\nG. C. Bernthal, sec 8, Mir 13, 1853\\nJohann L. Bernthal, sec 8, Mar. 10, L853\\nJohann Weper, sec 8, March 13, 1853\\nC. B. Biegins, sec 8, Dec 11. 18. 1, and\\nDec 27, 1856\\nAdam Schrnll.sec 8, Feb 21. 1854\\nJohann G. Burlein, sec 8, March5, 1853\\nPatrick McDavid, sec 9, July 12, 1849\\nJohn G. Rogers, see Augl6, 1852, and\\nAug 24, 1852\\nje M. rMner, 3e 9, Sept 8, 1*52\\nJohann Zchender sec 9 Julj 6 185 I\\nJohn s. Laux, 9, Sepi 2. 1863\\nA Auernbamuier, se 9, c1 10, 1854\\nChristian Lang, sec H Ocl I. 1852\\nJ. M. Beldner, sec 10 Mar Hi. 1854\\nLeonarJ Orl ter, sec 10, Dec 2. 1852\\nJohn L. l .iermu. se 10, M ly 2 i. 1853\\nJohann Mosner, sec 10, Dec 4, 1852\\nJohn M. Long, sec 10 Sepi 8, 1852\\nJohann A Kid, sec Id. \\\\ns 2. 1852\\nJacob Mosner, sec 10, Dec 1. 1852\\nJohann M Gey sr, sec 10. Ocl L9, is:,:,\\nJohann Strochlein, sec L0, Feb 13, 1S54\\nF. P. M. R. R., s,c 11, Dec 1. 1862\\nJac. Lachemmaier, sec 11. July 31, 1851\\nG. Fred. Bobbs, sec 12. May 25, 18G3\\nF. P. M. R. R., sec 13, Dec 1, 1862\\nGeo. M. Bchiefer, sec 13, May 30, is:.:;\\nJacob Schwartz, sec 13, July 13, 1853\\nAvery L. Malin, sec 13, Dec 6, 1854, and\\nApril 1, 1856\\nJohn A Randall, sec 1:5, Oct 1:5,1854,\\nand Nov 21, 1855\\nJacob Wolzlein, sec 1:5, Nov 6, 1855\\nJohann M. Arnold, sec 1:5, Nov 6, 1855\\nJohann G. Schiefer, sec 14, Dec 14, 1855\\nPeter Schlukebier, sec 14, April 30,1855\\nJacob Wolze, sec 14, Dec 11, 1855\\nAdam Schneider, sec 14, April 17, 1856\\nMartin Ilaspel, sec 14, April 11, 1855\\nChristof Borlein, sec 14, Mar 29, 1855\\nJohn G. Ordner.sec 14, April 11, 1S55\\nJohn Kainath sec 14, Mar 10, 1855\\nJohn Denter, sec 14, March 16, 1855\\nMichael Lacker, sec 14, March 16, 1855\\nJ. Leon. Beight, sec 14. Oct 22, 1852\\nChrist of Tucker, sec 14, April 5, 1855\\nJ. II. Beyerlein, sec 14, Feb 8, 1855\\nLeonard Ilaerauf, sec 14, July 12, 1854\\nJ. L. Grillenberger, sec 15, May 2, 1854\\nand Sept 7, 1855\\nJohn G. Ortner, sec 15, Feb. 10, 1855\\nJ. L. Oberheuser, sec 15, Mar 13, 1856\\nLeonhard Rodel, sec 15, Aug 2 and 20,\\n1852, and Sept 6, 1854\\nG. L. Bickel, sec 15. Dec 20, 1854, ami\\nApril 16, 1856\\nJ. L. Veitengruber, sec 15, Jan 2:5, 1*54\\nand Nov 1, 1854\\nMartin Baspel, sec 15, March 1. 1854\\nJohann J. Roth, sec 15. Aug 19,1852,\\nand May 2:5. 1853\\nFrederick Krauss, sec 16, Mar 12. Is.\\nJohann Masner, sec Hi. Oct 14, 1854\\nGeorge P. Krauss, sec 16, Jan 22, 1853\\nMatthias Masner, sec. 16, Oct 14, ls.54\\nJohann Losel, sec Hi, March 17, 1855\\nJohn Neuchterlein, sec 16, Mar 30,1855\\nMichael Starn, sec Mi. March 12, 1853\\nic). Adam Bickel, sec Pi, Feb 5, 1855\\nAdam Bickel, sec Hi, March 12. 1853\\nGeo. 1 Russ, sec Hi, May 14. 1853\\nAdam Schroll. sec Hi. March 26, 1855\\nGeo. L. Brenner, sec Hi, Oct 10, 1853\\nFrederick Jordan, sec IT, Mar 5. 1853\\nJ o. Braner, sec 17. Mar is, is.\\nJohann M. Gugel, sec 17, Mar 5, is.,;;\\nElijah B. Fuller, sec 17, Dee 11, 1853\\nSimon Law. sec 17, March 20. 1S:!7\\nCaleb Embury, sec 17. March 28, 1837\\nArnold, sec 17. June 2, 1856", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0827.jp2"}, "824": {"fulltext": "838\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY\\nMort. Wadhams, sec IS. Mar2i,1837\\nCaleb Embury, sec is, Mar 28, 1837\\nJohann L. Rodamer, see 18, Feb 10, 1854\\nNathan Gibson, sec IS, Nov 17, 1853\\nGeorge Drain, sec 18, Jan 9, 1855\\nGeorge Schmidt, sec 19, Dec 24, 1852\\nGideon Lee, sec 19, Feb. 23, 1837\\nThomas P. Sawyer, sec 19, Sept 14, 1836\\nJ. G. Deinderf-r, sec 19, Mar 21, 1853\\nF. P. M. R. R., sec 19, Dec 1, 1862\\nPaulusL. Gruber, sec 19. Nov 6, 1851\\nHenry Amrein, sec 19, April 14, 1851\\nHenry Simon, sec 19, Jan 30, 1856\\nJohann Herzog, sec 1!), Aug 2, 1852\\nGeorge Schmidt, sec 2 May 7, 1S52\\nJohann Sc warz, sec 20, Aug 20, 1852\\nBenedict Kaiser, sec 20, April 5, 1852\\nJ. L. Stirgmaun, sec 20, Ail? 2, 1852\\nJ. L Weiss, sec 20, Aug 2, 1852\\nFrederick Jordan, sec 20, Sept lg52\\nJ. M. List, se: 20, Jan 5 and 7, 1853\\nJohn L. Rodamer, sec 20, April 20, 1847\\nJohn Haas, sec 20, Jan 12, 1852\\nJohann Fischhaber, sc- 20, Get 1, 1851\\nHenry Slelzreid, sec 20, June 22, 1847\\nJohn*G. Burleiu, sec 20, June 22, 1847\\nMartin Haspel, sec 21, Feb 4, 1853\\nMatthias Wagner, sec 21, Jan 19, 1817,\\nand Dec 4, 1852\\nGeo. L. Brenner, sec 21, Aug 20, 1852\\nGeo. Schmitzer, se 21, July 12, 1852\\nJohn G. Hoerlein, sec 21, July 2, 1S52\\nJohn M. Stern, sec 21, June 22, 1S47\\nGeo. M. Stern, sec 21. May 4, 1848\\nG. M. Barenthal, sec 21, April 14, 1816,\\nand June 2, 1846\\nJ. G Schleier, sec 22, Aug 2, 1852\\nJohann Beyerlein, sec 22, July 12, 1854\\nG. A. Ranzenberger, sec 22, Jan 20, 1852\\nG. L. Brenner, sec 22, Sept 13, 1852\\nJohn L Kraft, sec 22, Sept 28, 1846\\nM. Vietengruben, sec 22, Mav 4, 1846\\nFrederick Weber, sec 22, July Ml, 1845\\nJohann L. Hecht, sec 23, Dec 12, 1853\\nChris. Horlein, sec 23, June 2, 1846\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2G. C Palmrenter, sec 23, April 20, 1847\\nJohn Schroll, sec 23, June 19, 1851\\nJohann H. Kenter, sec 23, July 17, 1\u00c2\u00b051\\nPaulus Bardel, sec 23, Oct 16, 1851\\nJ. M. Arnold, sec 23, Jan S, 1852, and\\nApril 18, 1854\\nJohann G. Bonn, sec 23, Sept 20, 1852\\nLudwig Reichle, sec 23, Oct 15, 1852\\nJ.G. Rebensberii er, sec 23, April 20,1853\\nGeo. M. Ortner, sec 23. Nov 1, 1853\\nJohann W. Kern, sec 23, Feb 10, 1854\\nJohn W. Arnold, sec 23, Jan 8, 1852\\nJohann M. Arnold, sec 23, April 18, 1854\\nLudwig Riechle, sec 23, June 13, 1848\\nSilas S. Bliss, sec 24, Mav 23, 1S54\\nJonathan Taylor, sec 24, Sept 19,1854\\nLevi W. Hawkins, sc- 24, Nov. 10, 1853\\nNathan. B. Harmon, sec 24, May 21, 1855\\nFrederick Taylor, sec 24, May 21. 18 5\\nGeo. Karnath, sec 24, Aug. 16, 1855\\nHorace Hovt, sec 24, Nov. 20, 1855\\nJohn G. Scuiefer, sec 24, July 2 1852\\nLovica Smith, sec 24, Oct. 2, 1851\\nA. Sill, sec 24, June 6, and Oct 2, 1851\\nSam l L. Lawson, sec 24, Mav 22, 1854\\nC. H. P. Maxwell, sec 24, Aug 30, 1850\\nPhilander Bartlett, sec 24, Oct 2, 1851\\nGeo. M. Schiefer, sec 24, June 19, 1851\\nJohn M. Arnold, sec 24, Mav 13, 1848\\nThomas O. Reed, sec 25, Feb 11, 1846\\nArthur Andrus, sec 25, Aug 4 1846\\nAmos Davis, sec 25, Dec 7, 1846\\nNewell H. Lampson, sec 25, July 8, 1853\\nI). Houghton, sec 25, April 26, 1836\\nJoseph A. Ripley, sec 25, July 25 and\\nAim- 1, 1848.\\nD. Houghton, sec 26, April 26, 1836\\nThos. L. L. Brent, sec 26, April 11, 1836\\nWm. Finley, jr.. sec 26, June 20, 1 83 i\\nlohn M. Arnold, sec 26, June 22, 1847\\nJ M. Hubinger, sec 26, May 4, and June\\n2, 1846\\nArthur C. Andrus, sec 26, Aug 4, 1846\\nP. A. Cowdrey, sec 27, Oct 24, 1835\\nF. Weber, sees 27 and 28, July 31, 1815\\nGeo. M. Barenthal, sec 28. April 14, 1846\\nJ. Siiterdink, sec 28, April 27, 1846\\nCalvin Hotchkiss, sec 28, Jan 4, 1836\\nH. G. Hotchkiss, sec 28, Jan 4, 1836\\nLeman B. Hotchkiss, sees 28 and 29,\\nJan 4 1836\\nCalvin Hotchkiss, sec 29, Jan. 4, 1836\\nHiram G. Hotchkiss, sec 29, Jan 4, 1836\\nJ. M. Bierlien, sec 29, Auir 31, 1848\\nJohu A. List, sec 29, June 2, 1846\\nGeo. M. Bare ithal, sec 29, June 2, 1843\\nJ. F. Lotter, sej 2), Jan 5, 1853\\nThos. P. Sawyer, sec 30, Sept 14, 1836\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec 30, Oct 23, 1835\\nG. D. Williams, sec 30. May 2, 1835\\nEph. S. Williams, sec 30, Mav 2, 1835\\nSchuyler Hodges, sec 30, May 2, 1835\\nGeo L. Zink, sec 30, July 5, 1851\\nJohn Schwarz, sec 30, Jan 5, 1853\\nJ. F. Rodhamer, sec 30-. March 10, 1855\\nDan l H.Fitzhugh, sec 30, Sept 13, 1S41\\nJoJin F. Lotter, sec 30, Nov 24, 1853\\nJosiah Beers, sec 31, Mar 21, 1836\\nStephen Beers, sec 31, March 21, 1836\\nPeter F. Ewer, sec 31, July 13, 1836\\nNicholas Bouck, sec 31, Aim 24, 1836\\nJohn G. Gebhard, sec 31, Au? 24, 1836\\nDavid Dietz, sec 31, Aug a4, l836\\nJuba Barrows, sec 31, April 28, and Aug\\n25, 1836\\nJohn W. Edmunds, sec 32, Nov 10, 1836\\nWilliam Stitt, sec 32. Jan 19, 1855\\nStephen Beers, sec 32, March 21, 1836\\nJohn Wooding, sec 32, Jan 13, 1852\\nNicholas Bouck. sec 32. Aug 25, 1835\\nJ. G. Gebhard, jr., sec 32 Aug 25, 1835\\nDavid Dietz, sec 32, Aug25. 1835\\nDavid Ellis, sec 33, Od i9, 1836\\nWait Beach, sec 33, Sept 21, 1836\\nMichael Schumann, sec 33, July 6, 1853", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0828.jp2"}, "825": {"fulltext": "KRANKENMUTH TOWNSHIP.\\n839\\nJ. G. Hubbinger, sec 33, Nov. 7. 1850\\nJohann A..Buergen, sec Nov. 7. 1850\\nJohn Liniburg, sec 33. Sepl 20, i s\\nWin. Finley, jr., sec 34, A.ug 25, 1836\\nMartin JZucker, see 34, Dec 28, 1850\\nJ. Hubinger. sec 34, March 1, 1852\\nWin. McCullock, sec 34, Sepl 27, 1886\\n.1. Ewer, sec 34, July 13 and 14,\\nT. L. L. Brent, sec 35, April 11, 1836\\nWm. Finley, jr., sec 35, June 20, 1836\\nAlbeil Miller.sec 35, Dec 3, 1846\\nD. Southerlacd, sec, 35, Dec. 3, 1864\\nJohn Gilmore. sec. 35, Jan 19, and Nov.\\n28, 1854\\nP. F. Ewer, sec 35. July 13,1836\\nI). Houghton, sec 36, April 20, is:sii\\nGeo. W. Lee. Bee 36, July 29, 1850\\nAlanson Calkin, sec 36, Nov 11, 1851\\nGeo. Raymond, sec 36, Nov 1, 1852\\nThoa W. Perkins, sec 36, Mar 12, 1862\\nDavid H. Hains, sec 36, Sept 10, 1851\\nThe greater number of those patentees became permanent set-\\ntlers, and to-day live in the enjoyment of happy homes. The Ger-\\nman people of Frankenmutli make good citizens. During the\\nwar the people of this township adopted rather a novel way to till\\ntheir quota. The town is a German settlement; the pastor is a\\nregular patriarch, whose counsel is sought in temporal as well as in\\nspiritual matters, lie called his parish together, and announced\\nthat the quota of the town must be tilled, and that he had selected\\ncertain of the young unman ied men to go. He read their names\\nand told them they or their fathers must go. Every one of\\nthem enlisted instantly, and were mustered into the 31st Regi-\\nment August 27, 1864.\\nPERSONAL.\\nThe following sketches are of the most prominent settlers of\\nFrankenmutli\\nJohn Leonard Bemthal, one of the oldest settlers of Franken\\nninth tp., was born in Bavaria, Germany, 1821. In the spring of\\nl v 4. in company with seven others, he came to Monroe. Mich.,\\nat which place they remained a short time, waiting for parties to\\nmeet them to conduct them to their new home. After they\\narrival they again resumed their journe} 7 this time by lake, for the\\nnaw country. Arriving at the mouth of the Saginaw, thre\\nwere compelled to lie there several days, waiting for a favorable\\nwind to carry them up the river becoming tired of waiting, they\\nattached a rope to their boat and towed it by hand to Saginaw City, a\\ndistance of some 25 miies. After arriving at Saginaw they directly\\nproceeded to that portion of Saginaw Co. now known as Franken-\\nmutli tp., it then being an unbroken wilderness; there they located\\ntheir land.- and commenced the development of them. The first\\nfew years were wrought with hardship, which none of to-day can\\nrealize. Still, with untiring energy, they struggled on, until\\nto-day. he can look out upon 400 acres of fine fertile tields,\\nupon which he has placed improvements second to none in his\\nvicinity.\\nIn 1846 he was married to Miss Mary M. Veitengruber, a na-\\ntive of Bavaria, Germany, her parents being among the early\\nsettlers. Their family consists of the following children Geo.\\nLeonard (married), Maggie B. (married). George M., John George,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0829.jp2"}, "826": {"fulltext": "840 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMary R. and John Conrad. All are members of the Lutheran\\nChurch.\\nJohn G. Breiter, farmer, was born in Bavaria, Germany, in\\n1S35. In 1852, in company with his sister, he emigrated to the\\nUnited States and settled upon his present farm of 80 acres, tak-\\ning it in a wild state and bringing it to its present productiveness\\nonly by indomitable energy and perseverance, Mr. Breiter was\\nmarried in 1859, to Mary Ann Kempf, who has borne him 6 children,\\nall living at the old homestead. Mr. B. has been Justice of the\\nPeace two terms, and served as School Director for 2 years. He\\nis a member of the Lutheran Church.\\nFredric W. Eilrich, farmer, was born in Prussia in 1832. His\\nfather, Michael, was a butcher by trade. He emigrated to this\\ncountry in 1855, first settling in Rhode Island; thence to Canada,\\nand in 1858 to Saginaw county. He worked at East Saginaw for\\nthree years, then bought his present farm, and gave a valuable\\ngold watch for a team with which to farm it. Lie worked in the\\ntimber during the winter, and on the farm during the summer sea-\\nsons. He now owns a good, fertile farm, all the product of his\\nown energies. He is a member of the Lutheran Church.\\nBenjamin B. Feigner, another of the enterprising young citi-\\nzens of Frankenmuth village, was born in Saxony, Germany, in\\n1851. In 1871 he came to America. Though homeless and\\nfriendless, a stout heart beat within. After seeking for work\\nfrom numerous parties, he finally obtained employment upon a\\nrailroad as track-repairer. This was rather severe work for the\\nboy who had been reared in comfort, his parents owning one of\\nthe largest flouring mills in Leipsic. Ben was kept at school un-\\ntil he had gained a good education, when he was placed in charge\\nof his fathers books, quite a change from what he first engaged\\nin; still he persevered, struggling with fate, until in 1873 we find\\nhim at Frankenmuth, Saginaw Co. In 1878 he was united in mar-\\nriage to Miss Maggie Hoffman, of Frankenmuth, her parents rep-\\nresenting one of the pioneer families. They have 2 children\\nMinnie M. and Ben. G. In 1878 Mr. F. bought the old Exchange\\nHotel property, which he has thoroughly improved and refitted.\\nAt all times Ben, with his pleasing countenance, is found at his\\npost.\\nJohn GutjiiL farmer, sec. 21, was born in Germany, March 5,\\n1830, a son of George and Elizabeth Gugal. In 1860 the family\\ncame to America, and settled in this tp., where they remained until\\nthe death of George Gugal. in 1871. John was with his parents\\non the farm until he was seven years of age, when he commenced\\nto learn the trade of miller, at which he worked three years in\\nthe old country and seven years in this country. Dec. 29, 1852,\\nlie married Anna B. Bernthal, who was born in Germany, Feb. 11,\\n1830, and died in this country in 1872. By this marriage there\\nwere 12 children, 8 of whom are living John C, Barbara (wife of\\nGeo. Roedel). Paul L., Catherine, Matthew, Elizabeth and Mar-\\ngaret. Afterward he married Knndegunda Weiss, who was born", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0830.jp2"}, "827": {"fulltext": "FRANKENMUTH TOWNSHIP. 841\\nin Germauy in L836, and died in 1878. The 2 children of this\\nunion were Christian and Balthus. In November, 1870, Mr. G.\\nmarried Baletha Haiischton, who also was burn in Germany, Jan.\\n13, 1836, and who had 4 children by a former husband, namely:\\nPaul. Catherine, Elizabeth ami Babetha. Mr. Gugal owns 400\\nacres of good land; has been Constable and Highway Commissioner,\\nand is at present Supervisor. He commenced in life with no\\nproperty; worked industriously, first at $3 per month, then S4.\\nand so on up, until he lias surrounded himself with his present good\\nfortune. Is a Democrat and a German Lutheran.\\nJohn G. G ijer was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1845, emi-\\ngrating to this country in L869; represents the brewing 1 interest of\\nFraukenmuth village, which lie bought in 1874. He has been one\\nof the successful men of his village; commencing with but a limited\\nsum, he has by strict economy succeeded in accumulating quite a\\nfair property. In 1874 he was married to Miss Mary 15. Roedel,\\ndaughter of one of Franken ninth s most esteemed citizens. The\\nfollowing are the names of his children Gertrude, Johnnie, Katie\\nand Freddie. Mr. G. and lady are members of the Lutheran\\nChurch.\\nFred Heine, merchant, Franken muth tp., was born in Germany\\nin 1854. He is a son of Jacob and Elizabeth Heine, natives of\\nGermany, who emigrated to America when Fred was but six\\nmonths of age. They located in Saginaw county, where the sub-\\nject of this sketch was reared on a farm until eight years of age.\\nHe then went into his father s store as an assistant, and has been\\nengaged in the mercantile trade since that period. He carries\\na good stock of groceries, hardware and crockery, and transacts a\\ngood business.\\nJohn Adam Held, farmer, sec. 30, came to this State in 1852,\\nlocating on 50 acres of wild and unbroken land, on sec. 30. This\\nhe cleared, and by subsequent additions has increased his acreage\\nto 210. In 1856 he married Anna M. Schnell, and the result of\\nthis union has been the birth of 12 children. Mr. Held is a mem-\\nber of the Lutheran Church, and an honored and respected citizen\\nof Frankenmuth tp.\\nThe ELubi/nger family originally came from Hungary, where\\nthey left on account of religious persecution, their flight being\\nmade a short time before what is known as the Thirty Years War\\nin Europe. For Ave days previous to their escape they were hid in\\na hog-pen behind some pea-straw, having nothing to eat. Three\\nbrothers and 2 sisters at length arrived in the Kingdom of Bavaria,\\nand located on a river known as the Aurach. Frauenaurach, now\\na large village, Herzogenaurach, a small city, and Muenigaurach,\\nquite a city, were founded by the three brothers respectively.\\nThey built mills on the Aurach, one of which is still retained in\\nthe family, milling having, in fact, been the profession of the fam-\\nily for upward of 300 years.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0831.jp2"}, "828": {"fulltext": "842 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nJohn Mathias H., born in 1820, and John George H., born in\\n1823, at Louismuehle, near Ausbach, Bavaria, South Germany,\\nafter receiving a good common-school education, worked with their\\nfather, John G. Hubinger, in the mill John M. until he was\\n18 years old, theu eight years at different places of the country.\\nIn 1816 they started for Frankenmuth, Mich., where the year\\nbefore a colony had been planted among the Indians to christian-\\nize them, with Loche, Pastor of Neuendettelsau, Bavaria, being the\\nprojector, and Rev. August Craemer the missionary. The party\\ncomprised about 65 persons. Just before going aboard the vessel,\\nthey having their own pastor, 10 couples were married at Bremen.\\nAmong them were John M., marrying Miss Anna P. Walter, a\\nnative of Rossstall, Bavaria, and John G. was united with Miss\\nRosina Barbara Hospel, a farmer s daughter from Bavaria. Ar-\\nriving safely at New York and Detroit, they started for Saginaw\\non a sail boat, which took them nearly two weeks. This was May,\\n1846. From Saginaw they came direct to this place. There was a\\nwagon road cut out to Bridgeport from there nothing but a trail,\\nonly about six farms being cleared in the tp.\\nThe tirst season they built a log house on the bank of the Cass river.\\nIn 1847 the brothers commenced to build a saw-mill, using water\\npower, completing it in 1848, this being the first mill in the tp.\\nShortly afterward they added a flouring mill. In 1851 the\\nmill business was bought out by John George, and it has grown\\nunder his direction ever since. John M. started in 1851 a store,\\nthis being the second store in the town, where Uncle John can\\nbe found every day serving cheerfully the many customers who\\ncrowd his store. In 1874 he built a steam flouring mill, Star of\\nthe West, which his son Lorenz now controls. Tie owns some\\n300 acres, though has given to each of his [sons a farm when\\nthey started for themselves. He owns a number of village lots and\\nhas sold a number. He has been Postmaster for 11 years,\\nTreasurer of the tp. many years, was re-elected, and is now\\nholding that office. He has been a Trustee of the St. Lorenz\\n(Lutheran) Church for many years, and has done much to build up\\nthat congregation of 235 male voting members. His 8 chil-\\ndren are Margareth, who died at 18 years of age John George,\\nwho married Miss Burger, is a farmer Lorenz, who married Miss\\nMaria Fuerbringer, and is proprietor of Star of the West mill\\n(steam flouring), Frankenmuth; Elizabeth, married to Mr. List,\\nhaving store at Salzburg, Bay Co., Mich.; George Leonhard, farmer\\nin Birch Hun tp.; Johanna E., married to Mr. Leonhard Heine,\\nstorekeeper at Frankenmuth; Gotfried John, Mary, Christoph, at\\nhome.\\nJohn George Hubinger, above mentioned, has even done better\\nthan his brothers. To his flouring; mill and saw-mill he added a\\nsteam flouring mill, planing mill and tannery. He is running a\\ngeneral merchandise store and a large lumber business, cutting a\\nlarge number of logs in his own pinery every winter, and buying", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0832.jp2"}, "829": {"fulltext": "I i: WKKN Ml TH T0WN8HIP. 843\\noak, etc., logs t .\u00c2\u00bbr the market. His long timber is cut at East Sagi-\\nnaw, lie has been Town Treasurer several times. He is doing\\nthe largest business in the town, and no man has done more for the\\ncommunity, nor is there a more respected citizen. His children\\nare\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John Leonhard, who married Miss Raquett; John Matthias,\\nwho married Miss Anna Zehnder; Adam, who married Gertrude\\nSchluckebier; George Michael; Johannes. deceased; Anna Barbara;\\nAnna Margareth, who married Mi-. Adam List, a carpenter living\\nin the village, and Anna Maria.\\nThe sons are all engaged in some branch of the. business of their\\nfather, and promise well. They are all members of the Lutheran\\nChurch.\\nJ/. Hubirhger, jr., son of one of the oldest and most respected\\nfamilies of Fran ken muth, was born in the above mentioned place\\nin 1850. His early days were passed at the village school, after\\nwhich he was placed in charge of one of the numerous business\\ninterests which his father represents, and which he has conducted\\nup to the present writing, when he has bought the flouring mill\\ninterest of his father, to which he will add his lumbering interests.\\nIn 1874 he was married to Miss Anna B. Zehnder. of one of the\\nfirst families in the tp. Emma B. J. and Amelia K. comprise the\\nmembers of his family living; John O. II. is deceased. John M.\\njr., is one of the live, energetic young men who believe in making\\nhay while the sun shines.\\nJohn L. Krafft was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1S26. His\\nather, George Krafft, was a farmer and Assessor, a well-educated\\nman; his mother was a Miss Christiane Bierlein, the daughter of a\\nfarmer; their family consisted of 3 boys and 6 girls. In 1S4 he\\ntore loose from friends and home to join the new colony of Frank-\\nenmuth, arriving here in the fall, coming from Detroit overland and\\nexperiencing great difficulties. lie located 160 acres in sec. 22,\\nhaving only a few hundred dollars to commence on. He has cleared\\nup almost the entire quarter section, and made all improvements,\\nlie has in all 232 acres. He has been an active public man. He\\nhas been Supervisor for nine years, first Commissioner of High-\\nways, School Inspector, and is holding the School Directorship now.\\nHe has been Elder of the Lutheran Church for many years. He\\nwas married in Bremen in 1*40* to Elizabeth Laemmerman, a native\\nof Bavaria, who died some years ago. Their children are Rosina\\nBarbara, wife of II. M. Schreiner, a merchant in this town; Anna\\nMargareth. wife of Henry Partenfelder, living at Bay City; Anna\\nBarbara, John George, John Jacob, Anna Maria, John George\\nly-ederick, living at the old homestead. He is respected, and his\\ncounsel has often been sought and followed to good purpose. We\\ncannot have too many of such citizens.\\nFred. W. Koch, M. D., was born Sept, 4, ls4J, at Regensburg\\n(Ratisbon), Bavaria, situated on the Danube river; he emigrated\\nwith the family to America, in 1847, where his father settled, at\\nFrankenmuth. lie entered Concordia College at St. Louis, Mo.,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0833.jp2"}, "830": {"fulltext": "844 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nAugust, 1854, and graduated in June, 1862. From September,\\n1862, to August, 1863, he gave private lessons in ancient and mod-\\nern languages, and prepared to go to Europe to attend lectures at\\nsome of the universities. The Government order forbidding any\\none to leave the United States if above the age of 17 years, frus-\\ntrated this plan. lie went to Philadelphia, Pa., and attended\\nlectures at the Jefferson Medical College, in September, 1863. He\\ngraduated at that institution in March, 1866, secured a position in\\nI dockley Hospital and in a chemical laboratory in Kensington;\\npassed an examination for the army and navy, and was suddenly\\ncalled home in June, 1S66, by the precarious state of his father s\\nhealth. He has practiced medicine at Frankenmuth since then.\\nHenry Ran, one of the active business men of his village\\n(Frankenmuth), was born in Prussia, in 1811. In 1865, in com-\\npany with his parents, he emigrated to America, landing at Quebec,\\nwhere they remained a short time, and again moved westward, this\\ntime locating at Frankenmuth, Saginaw Co. His mother died in\\n1854; father is still living upon the farm near the village. In 1867\\nHenry was married to Miss Mary C. Pauke, a native of Pennsyl-\\nvania, and they have 3 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Agnes E. W., Augusta G. E.,\\nand Charles P. Mr. and Mrs. Rau are members of the Lutheran\\nChurch. In 1870 Mr. P. opened a shingle manufactory, which\\nturns out yearly about one and one-half million, which business\\nhas added another spoke to the wheel of enterprise in his little\\nvillage.\\nValentine Raupp, by occupation a butcher, was born in Detroit,\\nMich., in 1854; when about seven years old his parents moved to\\nEast Saginaw, where they still reside. In 1876 Valentine was mar-\\nried to Miss Mary Schmitzer, of Frankenmuth, where her parents\\nstill reside. They have 3 children John M., Rudolph M. and Her-\\nman J. In 1877 Mr. R. located in Frankenmuth village, where he\\ncarries on his trade, both wholesale and retail.\\nHenry Reichle, one of Frankenmuth s energetic mechanics, was\\nborn in Philadelphia in 1845. His father s name was Lewis; his\\nmother s was Martha E. (nee Shanewalt) Reichle. In 1848 they\\ncame to Saginaw count} locating in Frankenmuth, where his\\nmother still resides, his father having died in 1879. Henry s early\\ndays were passed at Frankenmuth. After arriving at man s estate,\\nhe went to Ann Arbor, and engaged as an apprentice to learn the\\nblacksmith s trade. After becoming proficient in his art, he started\\non a tour through different States, working in the principal cities\\nthrough which he passed. In 1867 he was married, at Cleveland,\\nto Miss Martha H. Ernst, who was born at Vermillion, Ohio. His\\nfamily consists of 5 children Emma, Mary, Ernst, Henry and\\nJulius. His home and shops are pleasantly located in Franken-\\nmuth village, where he does a thriving business in carriage and\\nwagon-making, besides general blacksmithing.\\nJohn M. Rodammer, farmer, came to this country with his par-\\nents, John Leonard and Margueretta Barbara Rodammer, in 1846,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0834.jp2"}, "831": {"fulltext": "i KAN K K.N ML Til TOWNSHIP. 845\\nwith 12 other families, and, soon after arrival, settled on his\\npresent farm, where lie lias since resided. He married Kate Laesel,\\nwhose father was an early pioneer of Frankenmnth tp. They have\\n6 children. Mr. Rodammer is a member of the Lutheran Church.\\nGeorge L. JRoedel, farmer, was born in Bavaria, German} and\\nin 1 52 accompanied his father to this State, locating in Franken-\\nmuth tp., where he remained until 1861. He then enlisted in Co.\\nB, 16th Reg. Mich. Vol. Inf., and in the latter part of the war the}\\nwere assigned to the 2d Brig., 3d Div., 14th Army Corps, partici-\\npating in Sherman s March to the Sea, and the final grand\\nreview at Washington, D. C. Mr. Roedel returned to Franken-\\nmuth, where he has since been engaged in farming. In 1873 he\\nmarried Barbara Woeltzlein, whose parents were among the earlier\\nsettlers of this county. They have 3 children Mary E., John\\nH. and George Willie.\\nJohn Rupprecht, a native of Bavaria, Germany, was born in\\n1S41. When 10 years old, he accompanied his parents to this\\ncountry, where his father died shortly after arrival. Mr. R. was\\nengaged in the brewing business for five years, but in 1876 bought\\nfive and half acres on jN E. qr., sec. 27, which he laid out in village\\nlots. Quite a number are sold, and substantial buildings erected\\nthereon. This summer (18S1) Mr. R. proposes to erect a neat two-\\nstory brick hotel, over which he will preside as mine host.\\nHerman Goetzinger, one of the live young men of the village of\\nFrankenmnth, was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, in 1855. In\\n1861, with his parents, he emigrated to this country, coming direct\\nto Frankenmnth tp., where his mother still resides, his father hav-\\ning died in 1871. In 1875 Herman was married to Miss Caroline\\nKurtz, who was born at Detroit, in 1857. His family consists of\\n2 children Louis and Charlotte. Mr. G s home and shop are\\npleasantly located in the thriving little village of Frankenmuth,\\nwhere he carries on a wholesale and retail butcher business.\\n51", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0835.jp2"}, "832": {"fulltext": "FREMONT TOWNSHIP\\nwas organized under authority granted by the supervisor, March\\n2, 1857, in the following order:\\nResolved, that the territory described in said application, bounded as follows, to\\nwit: Township number 11 north, of range 1 east, and township number 11 north,\\nof range 2 east, be, and the same is hereby erected into a township to be called and\\nknown by the name of the township of Fremont. The first annual township\\nmeeting thereof shall be held at the house of Thomas Guilford, on the first Monday\\nof April, 1858, and at said meeting Nathan Herrick, Thomas Guilford and Joel\\nDraper three electors of said township, shall be the persons whose duty it shall be\\nto preside at said meeting.\\nThe following is a list of officials serving from 1867 to 1881:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nThomas P. Hynes 1867- 76\\nJames W. Graham 1877- 8\\nThomas P. Hvnes 1870\\nRichard Graham 1880- 1\\nCLERKS.\\nEdward C.Hill 1867\\nJeremiah Shoven 1808\\nLyman Babcock 1809\\nLucius Babcock 1870\\nGeorge A. Bunting 1871- 2\\nJames Bunting 1873\\nLyman Babcock 1 874\\nRichard Graham 1875-7\\nW. H. Beatlv.... 1878- 9\\nLewis M. Lickley 1880\\nGeorge W. Robinson 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nIra J. Crook 1867\\nGoodwin Kelsey 1808\\nJoel Gulick. ..1 1869- 71\\nGeorge W. Walker 1872\\nJoel Gulick 1873- 4\\nGeo. W. Hoyt 1875\\nJohn S. Lockwood 1876- 7\\nKimbal S. Crook 1878\\nAlex. McKenzie 1879- 80\\nK. S. Crook 1881\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nJoel Gulick 1807\\nGeorge W. Walker 1808\\nW. W. Guilford 1809\\nW. II. Bealv 1870\\nHenry W. Sears 1871\\nJoel Gulick 1872\\nGeorge Wellman 1873\\nA. K. Stoner 1874\\nMilton N. Carpenter 1875\\nJames Graham 1870\\nG. W. Schuyler .1877\\nFrank Noel 1878\\nHawlev St. John Dixon 1879\\nGeo. W. Schuyler 1880\\nLewis M; Licklev 1881\\nThe other township officers elected in April, 1881, are Joel\\nGulick, School Superintendent; John A. McLellan, School In-\\nspector; Rory Mclntire. Drain Commissioner; S. W. Graham,\\n(846)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0836.jp2"}, "833": {"fulltext": "FREMONT TOWNSHIP. 847\\nRoad Commissioner; Nathan P. Crampton and John Graham,\\nConstables.\\nThere are four school-houses in the wnship, valued at about\\nsiM all which art good building s. Two of the schools are\\ntaught by males, and two by Females. The total expenditure in\\nL880 for school purposes was $1,140. The number of children\\nenrolled is 144, of which L22 attend. Ashley West. George Van-\\nder Hoyden, S. J. Crook, and Erastus Jones are the School Direct\\ntors. The sum derived from the primary school fund in 1880\\nwas $63. The number of farmers in the township is set down at\\n100; the number of electors, 1l 2.\\nA large area in this township is still in its wild state. Settlers\\nflock thither annually; but notwithstanding the immigration,\\nthousands of acres must remain uncultivated for many years, until\\nthe enterprise of those who have become permament residents leads\\nothers to share in the profits and enjoyments of life in that town-\\nship.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nThe elements of the history of Fremont township will mostly be\\nfound in the personal sketches which follow:\\nWilliam W. Bolt, farmer, sec. 31, was born in Onondaga Co.,\\nX. Y., in 1^17. He is a son of Celic and Orphia (Sweet) Bolt.\\nHe received only a limited education, and learned to read while\\ndriving a stage coach in the Southern States. He was a soldier in\\nthe Mexican war, and was wounded four times. On one occasion\\nhimself and two companions were the only persons in the company\\nnot wounded or killed. After many wanderings he settled in\\nIllinois, but in 1879 located on his present farm. He was formerly\\na Whig, but now votes the Republican ticket. Mr. Bolt was mar-\\nried in 1S55 to Mercy Sweet. Two children have been sent to\\nbless their union Elbertine W. and George 15.\\nK. S. Crook is a native of Wayne Co., Mich., where he was born\\nin 1847. His father and mother, Aaron and Dinah Crook, are\\nnatives of England, who came to America about 1830, and settled\\nin New York State; then they moved to Wayne county, where the\\nsubject of this sketch was born. Mr. Crook was brought up in\\nthat county, but secured his education in Monroe county. He was\\nmarried there in I860 to Eliza Baumeister, a native of Germany,\\nbut was brought up in Monroe county. In the spring of 1870 he\\nsettled in Fremont tp., and bought his present farm of 40\\nacres. The land had a very wild appearance when he came here,\\nbut through industry and hardships he made all the improvements\\nhimself. Mr. Crook is at present Town Treasurer, which office he\\nhas held three years, at different times; was also Justice of the\\nPeace two years. He has 2 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Minnie E., 11 years old, and\\nClarence, one year.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0837.jp2"}, "834": {"fulltext": "848 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThurston B. De Wing, was born in Niagara Co., N. Y., in\\n1827, a son of Elihu and Orpha De Wing, of French and English\\ndescent. He came to Saginaw county, Oct. 13, 1872, and settled in\\nSt. Charles tp., working a short time in the lumber business, when\\nhe bought his present place. He was married Oct. 22, 1851, to\\nJulia Royce, a native of Vermont. They have 2 children Emma,\\nand Rodney P., who married Aquilla Thompson, of Chesaning.\\nHe was Trustee of Schools in Niagara Co., N. Y., and worked as\\nforeman in Government employment for seven summers, building\\na harbor in Lake Ontario; also has had 21 years experience in the\\nlumber business; is a carpenter by trade, and also an ingenious\\nartisan in all kinds of hand carving, a great many specimens of\\nwhich are on exhibition at his house. He has also been in the\\nmissionary work for 20 years.\\nThomas P. Hynes, sec. 28, general farmer, is a native of Ireland,\\nwhere he was born in 1831; son of James and Ellen (McAfee)\\nHynes. Mr. Hynes came to Canada in 1846, and settled at Quebec,\\nwhere he remained one year, and then moved to New York State.\\nAbout this time he enlisted in the army, and served five years in\\nthe Mexican war, being at Yera Cruz and New Orleans, and\\nGovernor s Island, N. Y. At the close of the war Mr. Hynes went\\nback to Ireland, remaining there three years in viewing the land of\\nhis birth; then returned to the United States and settled at Bay\\nCity, where he was employed for two years in Frost Bradley s\\nsaw-mill. Then coming to St. Charles, was two summers in the\\nlumber woods, when he went to Fremont tp., and bought his\\npresent farm, consisting of 160 acres of land. In 1860 he was\\nmarried to Nancy M. Nelson, a native of New York, and they have\\n3 children James I., Willard L., Mary E. Mr. Hynes was Super-\\nvisor of Fremont tp. 12 years.\\nWin. S. Reynolds, a native of Delaware Co. N. Y., where he was\\nborn in 1812. He is a son of Stephen and Sarah Reynolds, who\\ndied in New York State in 1870. He came to Michigan and located\\nat Monroe, remaining there four years, when he came to this county\\nand bought his present farm, in Fremont tp., comprising 40 acres.\\nHe was brought up in New York and received his education there.\\nHe was married in 1836 to Jane A. Dumond, a native of New\\nYork, and they have 10 children Cornelius, John, Mary, George,\\nCaleb, Richard, Julia, William, Harriet E. and Minerva. Only 6\\nare living. John died in the war with typhoid fever. Mr. Rey-\\nnolds was not an office-seeker, although he was Tp. Trustee three\\ntimes in New York State.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0838.jp2"}, "835": {"fulltext": "JAMES TOWNSHIP\\nwas organized under authority given by the county board in a reso-\\nlution passed Oct. J2, LS74. The application to organize the town-\\nship \\\\v;is made by 1-4 freeholders of that portion of Swan Creek now\\ncomprised in James. The order of organization is as follows:\\nThai all that pari of the township of Swan Crook as now heretofore last organ-\\nized, bounded as follow.-, to-Wit: Commencing on the north line of township\\neleven (11) north, of range throe (3) east, in said township of Swan Creek, at the\\nQorthwesl corner of section two (2), in said township eleven (11) north, of ran ire\\nthree (3) east, to the northeast corner of said last-named section one (1); thence\\nnorth on the section line between section thirty-six (36) in township twelve (12)\\nnorth. o| rani; four (4) east, to the northwest corner of said last-named section\\nthirty-one (81) theme east on the north Line of said section thirty-one (31) las!\\nnamed to the center of the Tittabawassee river; thence down and along the cen-\\nter of said Tittabawassee river to its junction with the Shiawassee river; thence\\nii I and along the center of said Shiawassee river to a point where the east line of\\ntownship eleven ill) north, of range three (3] oast, crossed the said Shiawassee\\nriver; thence south on and along the said oast line to the southeast corner of\\ntownship eleven (11) north, of range throe (3) oast, to the southwest corner of sec-\\ntion thirty-five (35), township eleven (11) north, of range three (3) east; thence\\nnorth, following the nisi -eetion line of sections thirty-five (35), twenty-six (26),\\ntwenty-three (23), fourteen (14), eleven (11) and two (2), in township eleven (11)\\nnorth, of range three (3) east, to the place of beginning, be, and the same is, hereby\\nset off from the township of Swan Creek, and organized into a separate town-\\nship by the name of James, and the first township meeting in the said town-\\nship of James shall he held at the school-house of school district number one (1)\\nin -aid township, formerly school district number one (1) of the township of\\nSwan Crook and\\nResolved, That the first township meeting of the said township of James shall\\nbe holden on the first Monday in April next, and that Edwin S. Dunbar, Jacob\\nZieroff and Joseph Egerer bo-, and they are, hereby appointed inspectors of said\\ntownship meeting,\\nFIRST TOWN MEETING.\\nThe first township meeting was held April 5, 1875, at the school-\\nhouse on section with Edwin S. Dunbar, Moderator, Joseph\\nEgerer and Jacob Zieroff, Inspectors of Election. Edwin S. Dun-\\nbar was elected Supervisor; Jacob Zieroff, Clerk; Joseph Zieroff.\\nTreasurer; Joseph Kaufhnan, Commissioner of Highways; Felix\\nlleinrich. W. P. Putman, Justices; Edward Fayerweather,\\nSchool Superintendent; George Hanks, School Inspector; Charles\\nHanks. Drain Commissioner; Geo. E. Wood. James Brady and\\nAllen E. Britts, Constables.\\nThe following is a list of the principal town officers since 1875:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nEdwin S. Dunbar 1ST Edwin S. Dunbar 1878- 9\\n.In- Egerer 1876- 7 Ed. Fayerweather lSSO- l\\n(849", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0839.jp2"}, "836": {"fulltext": "850\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nCLKRKS.\\nJacob Zieroff 1875- 7\\nGeo. Hanks 1878\\nEd. Fayerweather 1879\\nJacob Zieroff 1880- l\\nTREASURERS.\\nJoseph Zieroft* 1875- 7\\nJohn Stengel 1878\\nJoseph Kaufman 187!)- 80\\nCharles Blower 1881\\nJUSTICES.\\n1877\\nThomas Blower 1878\\nThomas Arnold 1879\\nAndrew Papst 1880\\nGeo. Hanks 1881\\nFelix Heinrich, W. P. Putnam 1875\\nAlfred Reeves 1876\\nWolfgang Eterer, j\\nAndrew Papst,\\nWin. Wilson.\\nFelix Heinrich was accidentally killed May 31, 1876. Return-\\ning from Saginaw City during a storm a large tree fell, crushing\\nhim to death.\\nThe first settler was Hugh McCullough. He died in 1852.\\nThomas Blower is the oldest living settler. The township built\\nthe toll bridge over the Tittabawassee in 1870, at a cost of $1,200.\\nThere is only one school in the township, taught by Miss Cora\\nLacy.\\nThe first school was taught by Miss Adams. Miss Sarah Ludlow\\ntaught in 1861. The school district census shows 103 children.\\nThere is a fractional district also of 18 children. There are. 18\\nsections in the township, with a population of 572.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nJames Murphy, farmer, sec. 31, was born in County Mayo, Ire-\\nland, in 1837; subject was reared on a farm, and was subsequently\\nan extensive cattle dealer, traveling over the greater portion of the\\nEmerald Isle; 1 was clerk in father s grain store for several years;\\nleft Ireland, April 9, 1863, first landing at Quebec, arriving at\\nDetroit, Mich,, on May 31 following; was engaged in brick-\\nmaking near Ann Arbor, Mich., for two years; then came ta\\nSaginaw county, and was engaged in same business for 11 years;\\nin 1874, purchased 168 acres of land, where he now resides; is\\nDemocratic in politics; was married in February, 1859, to Mary\\nDavany of their 12 children, 11 are living Bridget, Ann, Thomas,\\nJames, John, Michael, Henry, Neil, Joseph, Sarah and Maggie;\\nsubject and family are worthy members of the Roman Catholic\\nChurch.\\nJohn Stengel, a prominent German of this tp., was born in Ba-\\nvaria, Oct. 5, 1839; accompanied his parents to America in 1850,\\nlocating in Kochville tp. was reared among Indian acquaintances,\\nand can converse fluently in that language; was forced to go to\\nSeifert s grist-mill, the distance being about 30 miles, and by\\nwater, too; is a Republican, and owns 100 acres of land on sec. 5;\\nwas married Jan. 1, 1864, to Rosina Steinbar, who lias borne him\\n6 children Charles, Willie, George, August, Carrie and Rosa.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0840.jp2"}, "837": {"fulltext": "JONESFIELD TOWNSHIP.\\nTliis district is watered by the middle branch of Swan creek.\\nThe Saginaw Valley St. Louis railroad runs through sections\\n25, 26, 27 and 28. The public highway, the only good road in\\nthe township, runs almost parallel with the iron road. West s mill\\nand Green s mill form the manufacturing industries of the district.\\nThe northern portion of Jonesfield may be considered as unsettled.\\nThe County Board, at a meeting held March 19, L8Y3, ordered\\nthat town 12 north, of range 1 east, be and the same is erected\\ninto a township, to be called and known by the name of the town-\\nship of Jonesfield. The first annual township meeting thereof\\nshall be held at the school-house of school district number 2, in\\nsection 28, on the first Monday in April, 18V3, at 9 o clock a. m.,\\nand at said meeting Joel Nevins, Alexander Fales, and Arnold J.\\nWest, three electors of said township, shall b3 the persons whose\\nduty it shall be to preside at such meeting.\\nThe list of the principal officials of Jonesfield, from date of\\n.animation, is thus given:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nJohn Chine 1873\\nJoel 8. Nevins 1874\\nJoel S. Nevins 1875\\nE. C. Hill 1876\\nE. C. Hill 1877\\nJohn McLean 187*\\nJ. W. Robinson 1879\\nJohn McLean 1880\\nJosl S. Nevins 1881\\nCLERKS.\\nA. J. West 1873\\nPatrick J. O Driscoll 1874\\nJames W. Robinson 1875\\nW. P. Stacy 1876\\nA. B. Bloumer... 1877\\nAugustus C. Melze 1878\\nA. C Melze 1879\\nA. C. Melze 1880\\nA. C. Melze 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nJoel s. Nevins 1873\\nA.J. West.\\nJacob Lewis. 1875\\nJohn McLean 1876\\nJohn McLean 1877\\nThomas Fleming 187S\\nThomas Fleming 1X79\\nGeorge MLoulton 1880\\nJohn McLean issi\\nJUSTK I S.\\nPatrick Madden. Tbos Sweeney, 1v\\nWm. Jones, M. B. Richardson.\\nWilliam Hogan, George Dockett, 1Q\\nEdward Jones..... f 4\\nThos. Sweeney. Patrick Madden .1875\\nTbos. Sweeney, A. B. Bloomer.. I87\u00c2\u00bbj\\nPatrick Madden, Thos. Sweeney,\\nA.J. West M\\nPatrick Madden, Thos. Sweeney. .1878\\nRowland Frost, Jas. I Wilson.*. .1879\\nEugene H. Hillier 1880\\nJohn McLean issi\\n(851)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0841.jp2"}, "838": {"fulltext": "852\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY,\\nThe other township officials elected in 1881 are: John Wall,\\nHighway Commissioner; William Fleming, Drain Commissioner;\\nPeter L. Perkins, Superintendent of Schools; Patrick Madden,\\nSchool Inspector; George Frost, Constable. There were four con-\\nstables elected, of whom Mr. Frost alone qualified.\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThere are four district schools in the township, attended by 79\\npupils. The entire number of children of school age in the four\\ndistricts number 111. The amount paid teachers for services\\nrendered during the year ending September, 1880, was 592. The\\ntour school buildings, together with school property, are valued at\\n$2,150. The total sum expended for educational purposes during\\nthe year was $1,210.71, raised from direct taxation, with the ex-\\nception of $18.40 received from the primary-school fund. The\\ntotal indebtedness of the school districts in September, 1880, was\\nestimated at $747.66. The township library contains 98 volumes.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0842.jp2"}, "839": {"fulltext": "KOCHVILLE TOWNSHIP\\nL8 situated in the northern portion of the count) east of Tittaba-\\nsee, west of Zilwaukee, and fine north of Saginaw township.\\nIts population, as given in the census returns of 1880, is 1,768. There\\nare five school districts and two fractional, each provided with a\\nsubstantial schoolbuilding. The church buildings are four in num-\\nber, comprising three Lutheran and one German Methodist. The\\nlands of the township are as fertile as any in the Valley, the people\\nindustrious and enterprising. The appearance of the county\\nbespeaks great progress and rehearses, as it were, the story of Ger-\\nman perseverance. Under authority given by the Board of Supervis-\\nors, Oct. 12, 1S55, the following described territory was constituted\\na township under the name of Kochville, viz. Township 13 north, of\\nrange -least; sections 6,7, 18, 19, and the north half of section 30 in\\ntownship 13 north, of range 5 east; and sections 25, 26,27, 26, 29, 30,\\n31, 32, 33, 31, 35 and 36 in township 14 north, of range 4 east. The\\napplication to organize was signed by 75 electors. In granting the\\nprayer of these citizens, the board ordered that the first annual meet-\\ning for the election of township officers should be held at the house\\nof Adam Goetz of Kochville, on the first Monday in April, 1856,\\nand that the following named persons: G. Stengel, J. P. Weggel.\\nand J. S. Hehelt, being three electors, be designated and appointed to\\npreside at such election, and to perform all the duties required by\\nthe statute.\\nThe first Kochville township election was held April 7. 1856, at\\nthe house of Andreas Goetz, with the following results: Luke Well-\\nington, Supervisor; John C. Schmidt, Township Clerk; Andreas\\nGoetz, Treasurer; J. G. Helmrenh, Caspar Linik, School Inspec-\\ntors; Wm. Butts, Henreich Hipser and Paul Stephan, Highway\\nCommissioners; Luke Wellington, Louis Loefiier, Geo. Hengee and\\nLeonard Fleabite, Justices of the Peace; Geo. Hengee and Andreas\\nGoetz, Overseers of the Poor; G. M. Geigler, Geo. Sturm, Andreas\\nSchmidt and Mark Kranzlien, Constables.\\nPeter Weggel and Heinreich ilebert, were named inspectors of\\nelection; but owing to their absence, Luke Wellington and Caspar\\nLint filled their positions with Geo. Stengel, an inspector named in\\nthe first order. Louis Loefiier was appointed Clerk and John C.\\nSchmidt, Asst. Clerk. The number of voters present was 59. The\\nprincipal officers of the township since its organization are named\\nin the following list:\\n-I i i i;\\\\ [SOBS.\\nLuke Wellington 185(5 John A. Lemberger 1879- 80\\nLouia Lnefflnr is.-.T. Tii John M. Richard 1881", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0843.jp2"}, "840": {"fulltext": "854\\nHISTORY OF SAOINAW COUNTY.\\nCLERKS.\\nJohn C. Schmidt 1856- 68\\nJohn A. Lembertjer 1868- T0\\nJohn C. Schmidt. 1870- 3\\nHenry Rauschert 1873- 4\\nJohn A. Lemberger 1874-9\\nLouis Loeffler I87y- 81\\nTREASURERS.\\nAndreas Goetz 1856\\nJohn A. Lemberger l857- 68\\nMatthias Richard 1808- 7O\\nJohn M. Richard 1870- l\\nMatthias Richard 187l- 2\\nJohn M. Richard l872- 7\\nLeonard Scherzer 1877- 9\\nA. Hemmerbacker 1879- 81\\nGeo. Hemmerbacker Inki\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nL. Wellington, L. Loeffler, Geo.\\nStengel. L. Hatchtel 1850\\nLouis Loeffler 1857\\nLuke Wellington 1858\\nJohn Schmidt, L. Wellington,\\nL. Hatchtel 1859\\nAndreas Goetz I860\\nLouis Loeffler 1861\\nJ. L. Hatchtel 1862\\nLuke Wellington 1863\\nJohn H. Schnell 1804\\nL. Loeffler, Eleazer Jewett 1865\\nM.Arnold 1866\\nJohn C. Schnell 1807\\nEleazer Jewett, H. Rauschert. .1808\\nLouis Loeffler 1809\\nLuke Wellington 1870\\nJohn Schnell. 1871\\nHenry Rauschert 1872\\nEberStarks 1873\\nAlfred Boulden, Louis Loeffler. 1874\\nJohn Ruget 1875\\nThos. Gleison, John J. Schnell. 1876\\nHeinrich Rauschert 1*77\\nAlong Jewett 1878\\nErastus Purchase, L. Loeffler,\\nW. D. Donnels 1879\\nJohn S. Schnell 1880\\nPhilip Martin 1881\\nJohn Meger, Commissioner of Highways; J. T. Mueller, Town\\nSuperintendent; Erastus Purchase, Inspector; Christian Neumeyer,\\nDrainage Commissioner; Thos. Hartlepp, Fred. Waldbauer, John\\nScherzer and Andreas Schwaab, Constables, with the names of 10\\npathmasters, complete the roll of township officers.\\nGERMAN REFORMED LUTHERAN CHURCH.\\nThis church is situated on sec. 15, and was organized in 1852 by\\nRev. Sievers. The members then were: A. D. Eischyer, Adam\\nSchnell, Michael Schmidt, George Leitz, George Rieger, Paul\\nStephens, Michael Daezchlin, John G. Hearnan. The first build-\\ning was erected in 1852, and was a log house 30x40 feet in which\\nmeetings were held until 1870. At this time the society built the\\npresent church, a frame building 38x70 feet, at a cost of $5,0 H\\nThere are 104 members at present, under the pastorate of Rev. J.\\nF. Miller.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0844.jp2"}, "841": {"fulltext": "KOUHVILLE TOWNSHIP\\n855\\nLAND-IJUVKKS.\\nThe following named persons made the first entries of the town-\\nship lands:\\nF. Sievers, sec 1. Mav 5, 1848\\nJohn G. Weiss, sec 1, Oct. 4. 184!)\\nF Sievers, sec 1. July 18, 1848\\ners, sec 1, June lit, 1850\\nAndrew Goetz, sec 1, Jan 5, 1852\\nF. Schultheiss, sec 2, Feb 26, 1852\\nBernard Koch, sec 2, July 7. 1854\\nF. Sievers, sec 2, Dee 7. 1849, June 1!).\\nand Aug 15, 1850\\nG. 0. Williams,sec 2, Sepl 30,1850 and\\nOct 13, 1853\\nJames J. McCorniick, sec 2, Dec 2,l fi 51\\nS. Campbell, sec J. Dec 2. 1851\\nJ. C. Schmidt, see 2, Nov 1. 184!)\\nM. Feinaner, sec 2, Feb Hi. 1852.\\nJames .1. McCormick, sec 3. Dee 2,\\n1851.\\nS, S. Campbell, sec 3. Dec 2, 1*51\\n(7. o. Williams, see Sept 30, 1853\\nA. L. T. B. Li. R.,sec 3. Dee 1, 1862\\nF. it. P. M R. R., sec 3, Dec 1. 1862\\nJohn G. Helmreich, sec 3, Oct 19, 1852\\nB Staudarker, sec4, Aug 3, 1863\\nMartin Neumeyer, sec 4, Aug 3 18G3\\nG. Gehringer, sec 4. Aug 3. 1863\\nGeorge Roeger, sec 4. Aug 3, i860\\nHenrv W. Jennison, see 4, Aug 3, 1863\\nA. P. Bremer, sec 4, Aug3, 1863\\nGeorge H. Van Etten, see 4, Aug 3,\\n1863.\\nWm. T. Hill, see 4, Nov 14, 1854\\nBowers Rankin, sec 4, June9,1850\\nF. Sievers, sec 4. June 1850\\nA. L. A- T, B. P. R, sec 5, Dec 8, 1862\\nF. A P. M. R. IF. sec 5, Dec*, 1862\\nN. W. Sander-, sec 5. Nov 9,1854\\nJohn T. Elliott, sec5, Nov 8. 1854\\nT. S. Kennedy, sec Nov 9, l s 54\\nOrville c. Morris, sec 6, Nov 13. 1854\\nJohn S. Boss, se li, N ovS. 1854\\nJohn A. .Gibson, sec 7, Nov 9, ls,-)4\\nJ. PI. Gotee, sec 7, Nov 7, 1854\\nA. L. T. B. R R, sec 9, Dec 1,1862\\nF. F M. R, R, sec9, Dec 1, 1862\\nF. Sievers, sec 9, June in. 1850\\nIra Beebe, sec June hi. 1850\\nReuben Bennett, sec 9. June l!). 1850\\nJacob Wright, sec 9, Nov 8, 1854\\nGuidon O. Williams, sec 10. Sepl 30,\\n1853\\n.11. Lutz, sec 10, Aug 3, 1863\\nGeorge Stengel, sec 10. Dee 9, 1851\\nA Eichinger. sec in, Oci 19, 1852\\nIF W. Jennison. sec 10, Aug 3, 1863\\nJ. Herboldsheimer, Nee 10, Aug 3, 1863\\nA. Eichinger, se,- 10, July 16. 1852\\nJ. M.Richard, se 10. June 10. 1863\\nJ. A.Eichinger, sec 10, July 1. 1852\\nF. Sievers, c 10, June 1!\u00c2\u00bb. 1850\\nM. Feinaner, sec 11. April 22. 1850\\nJohn A. Leinberger, sec 11, May 14,\\n1 855\\nF. Sievers, sec 11. June 19, 1850\\nA. L. T. B. R. 1!.. sec 11. Dee 1,\\n1862.\\nF. P.M. K. P., sec 11, Dec 1. 1862\\nJacob T. Calkins, sec 11, Jan 1, 1851\\nWm. .I.Cornell, sec 11, Dec 2, 1851\\nJ. G. Helmreich. see 11. Nov 17, 1851\\nGeorge Stengel, sec 11. Dee 9, 1851\\nLoring Gugel, sec 11, Oct 17, 1854\\nJ. M. Sebald, sec 11, -May 7, 1856\\nF. Sievers, sec 11, Aug 15, 1850\\nGeorge Stengel, sec 11. Dec!), 1851\\nG. Van Etten, see 12. Aug 3, 1863\\nAlbrachl Kuch.see 12, July 16.1S62\\nJ. G. Helmreich, see 12, July 6^ 1853\\nJohann S. Bruer, sec 12, Dec 5, 1855\\nJacob Neumeyer, sec 12, July 2, 1853\\nJohann S. Bauer, sec 12, Nov 2, 1855\\nAndrew Goetz, sec 12, Ann:!, 1*6:;\\nN. G. Williams, see 12. Aug 3, 1863\\nG. H. Van Etten, see 12. Aug 3, 1863\\nJ. M. Sebald. sec 12, Feb 23, 1856\\nM. Neumeyer. sec 12. Aim 3, 1863\\nA. L. T. B. R. R sec 13, Dec 1 1862\\nF. P. 31. P. P., sec 13. Dec 1, 1862\\nJ. A. Eichinger, sec 14, Feb 21, 1853\\nJohn Steinbauer, sec 14, Ausj 27, 1863\\n.1. M. Steinbauer, see 14, Aug 17, 1863\\nJohann M. Steinbauer, sec 14, July 6,\\n1853\\nL. Eichinger, sec 14, Nov 1, 1852, and\\nJuly 27, 1853\\n(J. A. Schnall, sec 14, Oct 19, 1852\\nJ. II. Steinbauer, sec 14, Aug 27, 1863\\nHenry C. Burt, sec 14, Aug 3, 1863\\nF. IF Bow, sec 14, May 30,1855\\nG. C. Reif, sec 14, July 20, 1854\\nW. Atwood, sec 14, Auir 3, 1863\\n15. Meyer, sec 14, July 20-1854\\nGeorge A. Schnell, see 15, July 1, 1852\\nJobnG. Lutz, sec 15. July 2, 1852\\nF. Sievers, sec 15, July 13, 1852\\nF. Sievers. sec 15, June 19, 1850\\n.1. T. Tremble, sec 15, Feb 7, 1837, and\\nFeb is, 1837\\nJames Milligan, sec 18, Nov 9, 1854\\nG. S. Hopkins, sec IS, Dee 6, 1S. ,4\\nWm. Thoolley, see 18, Dec 11,1854\\nAmb\\\\ Coyl, sec 19, No\\\\ 9, 1854\\nAlbert Marble, sec 19, Nov 9, 1854\\nStow, sec 19, Nov !i, 1854\\nH. S. Penoyer, sec 19. Nov 9 1854\\nPeter Farrajl, sec 21. June 19,1850\\nCharles Lewi-, see 21, Nov 8, 1854\\nM ichael Conoley, see 21, June 19. 1850\\n(FT. Zschoerner, sec21, Nov 8. 1854", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0845.jp2"}, "842": {"fulltext": "856\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW CiiUNTV.\\nF. Sievers, sec 22, Aug 15, 1850\\nJohn Smith, see 22, June 19, 1850\\nWm. B. Andrews, sec 22, June 19,1850\\nGeorge Lewis, sec 22, Nov 9, IS 54\\nA. Albert!, sec 22, Nov 7, 1854\\nE. H. Bow, sec 22, March 8, 1854\\nLewis Duprats, sec 22. Dec 1, 1854\\nA. L. T. B. R R., sec 23, Dec 1, 1862\\nF. P. M. R. R., sec 23, Dec 1, 1862\\nB. M. Warren, sec 23, July 2b, 1855\\nWm. J. Cornell, sec 23, Dec 15, 1849\\nHenry C. Ripley, sec 24, Aug 1!), 1863\\nHenry C. Burt, sec 24, Aug 3, 1863\\nJ. L. Campbell, sec 24, Aug 18, 1863\\nJ. H. Wellington, sec 24, Aug 20, 1863,\\nand Feb 16, 1864\\nJ. Gannon, sec 24, Aug 7, 1855\\nNathan Whitman, sec 24, Dec 1, 1854\\nWm. Q. Atwood, sec 24, Aug 3, 1863\\nE. H. Bow, sec 24, May 30, 1855\\nJames Marsac, sec 24, Jan 16, 1837\\nJ. F Marsac, sec 24, Nov 22, 1836\\nJames Marsac, sec 25, Nov 14, 1836\\nDec 19, 1836, and Feb 13, 1837\\nJ. F. Marsac, sec 25, Nov 22, 1836\\nCharles Horan, sec 25, Nov 22, 1836\\nLewis Duprats, sec 25, March 1, 1853\\nWm L. Cook, sec 26, Nov 15, 1854\\nWm. L. Bulbs, sec 26, Nov 23, 1854\\nWm. Hess, sec 26, Feb 20, 1855\\nHenry F. Catan, sec 26, Nov 8, 1834\\nGeorge Lewis, sec 26, Dec 11, 1854\\nWm. L. Cook, sec 26, Nov 23, 1854\\nVrena Stamm, sec 26, May 24, 1850\\nJohn Debory, sec 26, Sept 5, 1850\\nD. H Fitzhuam, sec 27, July 7, 1853\\nAbraham Butts, sec 27, Feb 20, 1850\\nEle zer Jewett, sec 27, Nov 13, 1854\\nWm.H. Sweet, sec 28, Nov 8, 1854\\nNewton D. Lee, sec 28. Nov 9, 1854.\\nD. D. Kitzhugh, sec 28, June 25, 1836\\nJ. W. Edmunds, sec 29, Nov 10, 1836\\nD. D. Fitzhugh, sec 39, June 25, 1836\\nB. F. Fisher, sec 29, Nov 9, 1854\\nHugh Smith, sec 30, Nov 9. 1854\\nPeter McKeever, sec 30, Jan 15, 1858\\nB. F. Fisher, sec 30. Nov 9, 1854\\nAbner Croff, sec 30, N 9, 1854\\nHarlem McDonald, sec 31, Ocl 11,1836\\nHazard Webster.sec 31, Ocl 11, 1836\\nB. McDonald, see 31, Ocl 1 1. 1836\\nJames McDonald, sec 31, Oct 11, 1836\\nL. Zagelmeyer, sec31, Nov 9, 1854\\nLouis Fittiiiger, sec 31, Nov 8, 1854\\nD. D. Fitzhugh, sec 32, June 25, 1836\\nSilas Barnes, sec 32, March 11, 1837\\nNelson Gary, sec 32, Nov 9, 1854\\nS. M. Rockwood, sec May 24, 1836\\nVolney Owens, sec Feb 24. 1837\\nChamberlain, sec 32, Sept 16, 1837\\nDavid Kirk, sec 33, May 22, 1837\\nAimer Hubbard, sec 33, Nov 8, 1854\\nD. D. Fitzhugh, sec 33, June 25. 1836\\nJohn Kemp, sec 33, May 22, 1837\\nPeter Kemp, sec 33, May 22, 1837\\nJames Laiog, sec 33, May 22, 1837\\nS. M. Rockwood, sec 33, May 24,1836\\nThomas Barger, sec 34, Mav 9, 1837\\nAdam Wartes, sec 34, July 12, 1853\\nJohiun Gerber, sec 34. July 12, 1853\\nThos. Freeman, sec 34, May 19, 1837\\nCarl August, sec 34, June 7, 1850\\nE. W. Hagemann, sec 34, June 7, 1850\\nJacob Loemer, sec 34, Sept 6. 1849\\nH. Shaw, sec 34, March 22, 1853\\nR. Newcombe, sec 34, Nov 14. 1854\\nWm. Renwick.sec 34, Mav 22, 1837\\nJohn Drysdale, sec 34, May 22, 1837\\nHiram Merick, sec 35, Dec 14, 1853\\nK. Schulthess, sec 35, Sept 19,1849 ami\\nJan 11, 1850\\nJacob Leoffler, sec 35, Sept 6. 1849\\nJames Marsac, sec 36, Feb 13, 1837\\nPERSONAL SKETCHES.\\nIn the following interesting sketches of the settlers of Kochville,\\nthe varied events connected with the township s growth are re-\\nferred to:\\nJ. W. Allison, farmer, sec. 33, was born in Scotland. Dec. 25,\\n1823. His parents were Robert and Jeanette (Wilson) Allison; J.\\nW. learned the tailor s trade in his native country, and in 1848\\nimmigrated to America, where he worked several years as a ship-\\ncarpenter. He came to this county in 1850, and since 186 has\\ndevoted his entire time to agricultural pursuits. He owns 50\\nacres of fertile land. He has been twice married; his first wife was\\nJane Barr, a native of Scotland, who died in 1S68. His present\\nwife was Caroline F. Wickham, a native of New York, of English\\nparentage. They have 2 children, Clara Jeanette and Margaret\\nChristiana. Mr. Allison is a member of the Presbvterian Church", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0846.jp2"}, "843": {"fulltext": "K HYII.I.K TOWNSHIP. 857\\nof Saginaw City, and his wife is a member of the Church of\\nEngland.\\nJnla, Arman, fanner on see. 17, was born in New York,- June\\n14. 1S31. When six years of age lie accompanied his parents to\\nSaginaw Co., Mich., where he received the best education\\nafforded by the district schools of that day. His parents were John\\nand Nancy (Davis) Arman, both natives of Vermont; father of\\nGerman, mother of English, descent. In 1664 Mr. Annan enlisted\\nin Co; C, 29th Reg. Mich. Vol. Inf., under Capt. Saunders, and\\nwas honorably discharged Sept. L6, 1865. He owns a good farm,\\nall the product of his own labor. He was married in 1851 to\\nMargaret McGregor, a native of this county, and of Scotch ancestry.\\nShe was born Sept. 13, 1835. They have 2 sons, Frederick Riley\\nand Edward Alexander. Mrs. Arman is an Adventist, and her\\nhusband is a Republican.\\nE. H. JBoiv, farmer, sec. 25, was born in Maine, in 1827, and is a\\nson of E. B. and Elizabeth (Haskell) Bow. He came to Michi-\\ngan in 1S38, and in this county received his education. He was\\nengaged in the lumber business for 15 years, but since then has\\nfollowed farming, and now owns 600 acres of land. He is serving\\nhis second term as Director of Schools, and is a Democrat. He was\\nmarried in 1S66 to Sarah Wellington. They have 3 children.\\nPhilip Bow, farmer, sec. 36, was born in Maine, Jan. 16, 1833.\\nHis parents were Edmond and Elizabeth Bow, natives of Maine,\\nand of English descent. They came to this county at an early day,\\nand kept a hotel at Saginaw City. Philip received his educational\\ntraining in this county, and in 1839 settled on the Cass river, in\\nwhat is now Bridgeport tp. He is Democratic in politics; was\\nSchool Director three years, and owns 40 acres of good land. He\\nwas married Feb. 1, 1868, to Adelaide Davis. Of the 11 children\\nborn to them, 10 are living Stephen D., Rosana, Wilbert. Charles,\\nOrrin S., Marion, Ella, Clara E., Lillian and Sarah W. Benjamin\\ndied at the age of four months.\\nCyrus Ch se, farmer, sec. 36, was born inUpperCanada in 1820,\\nand is a son of Benjamin and Sarah (Parker) Chase; father a native of\\nVermont, of English descent: mother native of Connecticut, of\\nGerman ancestry; Cyrus was educated in the common and select\\nschools of Canada, and first commenced in the lumber business. In\\nL850 he started for California, but stopped in Saginaw county,\\nwhere he has since resided. He first worked at clearing land where\\nZilwaukee is now located, and finally settled in Kochville tp., where\\nhe owns 362 acres of land, half of which is under cultivation. He\\nis Republican in politics, and has served as School Commissioner and\\nJustice of the Peace. He was married in 1854 to Mary Atheson,\\na native of Canada, and of Irish parentage. They have 5 children,\\n4 daughters and 1 son Henry L.; Jane, wife of Theodore F.\\nCasmer. Superintendent of Schools atZillivak; Mary, Emma, Ella.\\nLewis Duprats, farmer, sec. 25, was among the very first settlers\\nin Kochville tp. He was born at Detroit, Mich., in 1807, and is a", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0847.jp2"}, "844": {"fulltext": "858\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nson of L. and Julia (Pomville) Duprats, natives of Detroit, and of\\nFrench descent. Lewis received an average education, and in 1837\\nsettled in Kochville tp. He owns 152 acres of land, and was once\\nTp. Treasurer and Justice of the Peace of Zilwaukee tp. He was\\nmarried in 1828 to Phillis Marsac, who bore him 4 children, 2 of\\nwhom are living\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Lewis and Jacqne; and owns farms in this tp.,\\nMrs. Duprats died and he married lslanda Houselander. They have\\n2 daughters, both married. Mr. D. is a Republican.\\nAndrew Goetz, fanner, sec. 1, was born in Germany in 1813.\\nHis parents were Michael and Barbara (Warthschrqpk) Goetz. An-\\ndrew received his education in Germany, and in 1848 came to\\nAmerica. The same year he came to Kochville tp., with $300 in\\nmoney, $120 of which he had borrowed. He bought 23 acres of\\nland on sec. 1, built a shanty 16x16 feet in size, and in company\\nwith live others, purchased an ox-team. At the end of five years\\nhe owned 52 acres of improved land, with a good house thereon, and\\nwas out of debt. He now owns 213 acres, has given some to each of his\\nchildren, and $9,000 worth to one son. He was the first white set-\\ntler in this part of the county, and was instrumental in the erection\\nof the Lutheran Church (in 1848), in which he has since filled the\\noffice of Trustee. He was married in this county June 25, 1848, to\\nMargaret Mowery, a member of the Lutheran Church. Of the 10\\nchildren sent them, only 2 are living Anna, wife of John G. Helm-\\nreich, and John Leonard, a prominent farmer of this tp. Mrs. Goetz\\ndied Nov. 27. 1880.\\nAbner Hubbard, farmer on sec. 33, was born in Greene Co.. N. Y.,\\nJune 29, 1813. He is a son of Samuel and Margaret (Arnold)\\nHubbard, natives of Connecticut, of English ancestry. Abner\\nlearned the ship-carpenter and calker s trade. He assisted in build-\\ning the first boat ever built on the banks of the Saginaw river.\\nHe first came to this county in 1842, and two years later made a\\npermanent settlement in Saginaw City till 1850, when he settled\\non hi-s land in this tp. He was married in Oakland Co.,\\n1835, to Amanda Hayes, a native of Grafton Co.,\\n7 children, only 1 is living. Mary Jane, wife of\\nOne son, Samuel Eugene, enlisted in Co. G. 23d\\nInf., as 4th Corporal, and was discharged as )r-\\nMr. Hubbard and .wife have been faithful mem-\\nMich., Sept. 22,\\nN. H. Of their\\nDavid Nichols.\\nEeg. Mich. Vol.\\nderly Sergeant.\\nbers of the M. E. Church for many years.\\nOscar Jewetf, farmer, sec. 27, was born at Saginaw City, Mich.,\\nNov. 3, 1837. He is a son of Eleazer and Azubah L. (Miller)\\nJewett, honored and respected pioneers of this county, the former\\na native of New Hampshire, of Welsh descent, and the latter of\\nVermont, of English ancestry. Eleazer Jewett died suddenly in\\n1875; his widow still survives, and is the oldest living settler in\\nSaginaw county. Mr. Jewett received his literary education in\\nthe Saginaw City high school, and spent the first i years of his\\nbusiness career in the lumber trade. In 1858 he went to Califor-\\nnia, and remained in the West for seven years. While in California,\\nhe was attacked with the Panama fever, which deprived him from", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0848.jp2"}, "845": {"fulltext": "KOCIIVILLE TOWNSHIP. 859\\nworking for 11 long, weary months. In 1863, while in the\\nmining region, lie received the news of the death of his brother\\nWallace, at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., and immediately ottered\\nhimself to the Governor of Nevada, to serve in any military capac-\\nity. Ee was assigned First Lieut, of Co. C, Lsl Nov. Cav., and\\nafter a year s service, was promoted as Aide-de-camp on Gen. Con-\\nnor s staff. Ee was finally commissioned Captain of Co. F,\\nserving as such till the close of the war. The regimenl was en-\\ngaged in fighting [ndians, and Mr. Jewett participated in that\\nmemorable battle of Tongue river, on Aug. 29, L865. After the\\nwar. he Located at Salt Lake City, where, in connection with Capt.\\nBrown, he was engaged in corraling stock. When Dr. Robinson\\nwas brutally murdered bythe Mormon, Mr. Jewettand partner, with\\ntheir wives, were forced to flee fortheir lives. The journey from Salt\\nLake City to St. Louis, Mo., cost Mr. J., for himself and wife, ex-\\nactly $1,020. Since returning to Michigan, he has engaged in\\nfanning on the old homestead, comprising 120 acres of land, part\\nof which is under a high state of cultivation. He was married in\\n1 to Fanny Tomlinson, who proved a faithful and loving wife\\nto him until 1868, when she passed over to the other side. He\\nwas again married, July 16, 1*74, to Alice Wells, a native of New\\nYork, of English ancestry. Mr. Jewett was Marshall of Saginaw\\nitv from 1 74 to L878. lli remark, A dead Mormon is the best\\nMormon, is worthy of record.\\nFrederic Charles Loui* Koch was the son of Charles Ernestus\\nAugustus Koch, who was foreman and manager of the Govern-\\nmental mine at Gittelde, in the Lower Hartz mountains of Bruns-\\nwick, in Germany, and his wife, Jane Elizabeth, nee Hellring. He\\nwas born in the mining village, Itothe-IIuette, Feb. 15, 1799; re-\\nceived a good education at home, also at the mining school of\\nlausthal, and at the University of Gcettingen, Hanover; taught\\nschool for a time at the Latin College of Hanover, and returned to\\npractical work, but spent his leisure hours endeavoring to recall a\\nlost invention, of enameling iron pots and vessels, finally with suc-\\ncess; he gave his invention to the world, not patenting it. In 1825\\nhe married Aliss Augusta, the daughter of John Henry Bippart, in\\nwhose glass factory he had been working; he then quit his mining\\noffice at Rothe-Huette. and took a position as comptroller and\\nadministrator of the smelting houses of one of his father-in-law s\\nglass factories at Gruenenplan. Mr. Bippart died. in 1842, and all\\nthe glass works of Gruenenplan fell into Mr. Koch s possession,\\nand thus the latter had increased facilities for his genial experi-\\nments, and also to push the manufacture of looking-glasses, nine-\\ntenths of which were sold in the United States at good prices. The\\nGovernment soon honored him with the title of Counselor of\\nMines, and bought a farm for him. Mr. Koch thenceforward\\nprospered materially. He also enjoyed domestic duties, having,\\nbefore leaving the old country, a family of wife, 3 sons and 4\\ndaughters; he had also two family teachers and a gardener. Mr.\\nKoch had a very fine garden and ornamental grounds, with parks", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0849.jp2"}, "846": {"fulltext": "860 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nand cages of wild animals. On the highest point on these para-\\ndisiacal grounds lie erected a beautiful church. He continued to\\ntake a prominent part in literature and science, being a member of\\nlearned societies, and he owned a large cabinet of minerals and\\nshells, considered the best private collection in Germany at that\\ntime.\\nTwo of Mr. Koch s children met with serious accidents, injuring\\nthe reason of one, and ultimately destroying the life of the other;\\nand the Revolution of 1848 came on, but Mr. Koch came through\\nunscathed. Then he emigrated to America with his daughter\\nCaroline, who was betrothed to Rev. F. Sievers, a Lutheran minis-\\nter in the Saginaw Valley; he went to the Lake Superior region\\nto examine the resources and conditions of mineral interest there,\\nwith a view of bringing over his old employes and friends from\\nGermany; and although he found the resources surprisingly abun-\\ndant, the art of mining was so crude, and American institutions so\\nrepublican, that he decided not to bring on the immigrants\\nimmediately; he then visited the lead mines of Wisconsin and\\nIllinois; still his decision was that it would not do to bring miners\\nover from the old country to work in America under European\\ncontrol. Mr. Koch died March 12, 1862, greatly respected by all\\nthe community. The tp. of Kochville was named after him.\\nMrs. Koch died April 5, 1875. She was a very estimable lady,\\nfull of Christian faith and good works.\\nJohn A. Leinberger, farmer, sec. 1, was born in Germany, July\\n19, 1830, and is a son of Frederick and Catherine (Schenter) Lein-\\nberger. John received a common-school education in his native\\nland, and in 1847 emigrated to the United States. In 1848 he lo-\\ncated land on sec. 1, Kochville tp., where he now possesses 180\\nacres. He is Republican in politics, and served as Tp. Treasurer 14\\nyears, Clerk 7 years, School Director 14 years, and Assessor. He is\\nan enterprising citizen, and was prominently identified in the\\nmovement attaching half of Kochville tp. to Bay county. He\\nwas married in 1849 to Maiw Katherine Drulein. Eight children\\nhave been given them, all living. Mrs. Leinberger died March 3,\\n1880. She was a member of the Lutheran Church, as is also her\\nhusband.\\nRev. J. F. Miller, Pastor of the German Reformed Church at\\nKochville, was born in Washtenaw Co., Mich., May 11, 1844, a\\nson of Charles and Rosena (Stueter) Miller, natives of Germany,\\nwho emigrated to this country in 1830, settling in that county.\\nThe subject of this sketch received his education partly at Fort\\nWayne, Ind., and at St. Louis, Mo. He entered the ministry in\\n1862, at Terre Haute, Ind., and since 186S has occupied his present\\nposition. He was married in Lenawee Co., Mich., in 1864, to\\nAnna M., daughter of George and Dorothy Miller, who was born\\nin Bavaria, Germany, in 1844. They have 9 children, 8 of whom\\nare living Charles A., August H., Caroline, Carl, George,\\nAdolph, Edward and Emil F. The deceased is Emma. Rev.\\nMiller is at present Superintendent of Schools of Kochville tp.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0850.jp2"}, "847": {"fulltext": "KOCHVILLE TOWNSHIP. $61\\nErastvs Purchase, farmer, sec. 19, was born in Ontario Co., N\\nY., in 1838, and is a son of E. and Lura (Griffin) Purchase, father\\na native of Ontario county, mother native of Wayne Co., IS. Y.\\nErastus received the greater part of his education in Michigan,\\nand in 1856 located in Saginaw county. He was engaged in the\\nlumber business in ls63- 1 5, but since then has followed agricultural\\npursuits. By his own exertions and perseverance he has accumu-\\nlated a good farm of 170 acres, one of the best farms in Kochville\\ntp. He was married in 1864 to Emma M. Soper. They have 4\\nchildren, 3 daughters and 1 son. Their names are Mary A Emma\\nA.. Jennie L and Alonzo M. Mr. Purchase believes in the\\nprinciples of the Republican party.\\nJohn Riegel, proprietor of the Michigan Hotel, Frankenlust,\\nwas born in Germany in 1838, and is a son of Michael and Maggie\\n(Stahl) Itiegel. He received his education in the faderland, and\\nsubsequently entered the Bavarian army, where he remained seven\\nyears, during this period participating in three battles. He came\\nto this county in 1867, and operated a saw-mill for seven seasons.\\nHe is a mason by trade, but is now proprietor of the Michigan\\nHotel. He is a Republican in politics, owns 12 acres of land, and\\nhas officiated as Justice of the Peace. Mr. Riegel was married\\nJuly 16, 1871, to Theresa Fisher. Both are members of the\\nLutheran Church. She was born in Bavaria, Germany, Oct. 15,\\nL845.\\nRev. {George Christian Ernestus) Ferdinand Sievers is t\\\\\\\\e sow\\nof Henry (Sigismund Frederic) Sievers, and Eleanor Lisette Floren-\\ntine, nee von Borries, and was born at Lunenburg, Germany, May\\n1 s 1816. His mother died in 1822 and his father a year later, and\\nthe outlook for the poor orphan boy was very sad; but his uncle,\\nRev. Ph. Sievers, took good care of him. He was educated at the\\nUniversity of Goettingen, 1835- 38, where he studied theology some\\ntime, then taught private school three and one-half years, studied\\ntheology again at the Universities of Berlin and Halle, and taught\\nprivate school again three and one-half years; was ordained a min-\\nister in 1847. when he emigrated to this country to take charge of\\nLutheran congregations here, and bought several hundred acres of\\nland from the Government at what is now South Bay City, with mis-\\nsionary means from the old country. The next year a number of\\nsettlers came in from Germany and commenced to endure the priva-\\ntions of pioneer life. May 5, 1850, Mr. S. married Caroline Koch, in\\nNew York city, while she was en route from her home in Germany\\nto her new home in the wilds of Michigan. She was the daughter\\nof Rev. Fr. Koch and Augusta, nee Bippart. Of the 11 children\\nborn to Mr. and Mrs. S., S are living.\\nThe settlement of Frankenlust, established by Rev. Sievers. has\\ngrown to great proportions, and there is another flourishing settle-\\nment three miles southwest, also founded by Mr. S. in 1851. This\\nhighly revered old gentleman has now enjoyed a long life of use-\\nfulness, and set an example of ministerial industry and faith fill ue s\\nthat will be difficult for his successors to follow.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0851.jp2"}, "848": {"fulltext": "b02\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nFred Wellington, farmer, sec. 25, is a life resident of this county.\\nHe was born in March, 1844. He is a son of Dr. Luke and Nancy\\nM. (Freeman) Wellington, father a native of New Hampshire, and\\n-mother of New York. Dr. Luke Wellington came to this State in\\n1836, locating at Flint, and in 1850 settling in Saginaw county,\\nwhere he now owns 500 acres of land. Fred was educated in the\\npublic schools of Bay and Saginaw cities, and at Bryant Stratton s\\nCommercial College, of Detroit. He was a bookkeeper for 8 years,\\nand is Republican in politics; has been School Inspector, Superin-\\ntendent and Assessor. lie was married in 1869 to Rosetta M.\\nLewis, who was born in Utica, N. Y., Feb. 11, 1849. Her parents\\nwere of English and Welsh descent. They formerly lived at Detroit,\\nbut now reside in Saginaw county. Two children have been given\\nto bless this union Mary L. and James A. and 2 deceased, Fred\\nL. and Martha R.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0852.jp2"}, "849": {"fulltext": "LAKEFIELD TOWNSHIP.\\nThis section of the county may be said to be still in its primitive\\nstate. South of Beaver creek it is occupied with but a few settlers;\\nwhile the road leading into the settled sections is so strangely rude\\nthat one who ventured to travel over it once, and succeeded in reach-\\ning a dwelling-house, is surprised at the courage and perseverance\\nwhich enabled him to battle with and conquer the difficulties of\\ntravel in that western township.\\nThe head-waters of the north branch of Bad river pertain\\nproperly to this township. This tributary of the river waters its\\nsouthern sections; while the more important stream known as\\nBeaver creek courses through sections 4, 9,16, 15,22,23 and 24.\\nThe only manufacturing industry in Lakefield is the saw-mill on\\nsection 3.\\nIn the summer of 1875 the settlers of Northern Lakefield met to\\nconsider the advisability of seeking local government. The result\\nof that meeting was an application to the Supervisors Board,\\nsigned by 21 freeholders of the township of Fremont, ask-\\ning the board to order the organization of fractional township 11\\nnorth, of range 3 east, into the township of Lakefield. The board\\nordered, under date Oct. 16, 1875, that all that part of the town-\\nship of Fremont, as now heretofore last organized, to-wit: frac-\\ntional township 11 north, of range 1 east, be, and the same is,\\nhereby set off from the township of Fremont, and organized into a\\nseparate township by the name of Lakefield, and the first township\\nmeeting in the said township of Lakefield shall be held at the\\ndwelling house of H. C. Fessenden; that the first township meet-\\ning of the said township of Lakefield shall be holden on the first\\nMonday of April next, and that II. C. Fessenden, Thomas M.\\nGould and William C. Dickinson be, and they are, hereby appointed\\nInspectors of said township meeting, whose duty it shall be to preside\\nat such meeting, appoint a clerk, open and keep the polls, and ex-\\nercise the same power as the inspectors of elections at any town-\\nship meeting; that Thomas Gould be and is hereby appointed to\\npost up notices, according to law, of the time and place of holding\\nthe first township meeting in the said new township of Lakefield.\\nThis resolution to organize was opposed by one member of the\\nboard against forty supporters. The principal officers of the town,\\nsince its organization, are named as follows:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nHerbert C. Fessenden 1876-9 William C. Galloway 1880-1\\n(863)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0853.jp2"}, "850": {"fulltext": "864 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nCLERKS.\\nHoward Collins 1876-7 I Emil Hintermeister 1879-80\\nThomas M. Gould 1878 Wilson House 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nWilliam Yule 1876-7 I Thomas M. Gould 1880\\nGilbert B^stido 187S Charles C. Kane 1881\\nWilliam Yule 187!)\\nJUSTICES.\\nWilliam Y T ule, T. M. Gould and William Y ule. 1879\\nGilbert Bastido 1876-7 I T. M. Gould 1880\\nW. C. Galloway, T. M. Gould. .1878\\nUp to the present time very little has been done toward the de-\\nvelopment of this section of the country. That it is capable of\\nhigh cultivation cannot be doubted. It only awaits the labor of the\\nhusbandman to yield up its store of wealth. Within a few years\\nthis primeval land will be dotted with the homesteads of a prosper-\\nous people, and all the obstacles which the wild state of the town-\\nship now offers removed.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0854.jp2"}, "851": {"fulltext": "MAPLE GROVE TOWNSHIP\\nembraces within its borders 36 full sections, and is without\\ndoubt one of the best agricultural townships in the county; much\\nof its territory is still covered with timber, mostly of hardwood;\\nit has a variety of soil, gravelly, stony, sandy loam and clay. Its\\nlands are drained by the Mistiguay creek or river, which passes\\nthrough its eastern border, several branches of the same passing\\nthrough the township in different directions. The township was\\nfirst settled nearly 30 years ago, by a man by the name of John\\nHammer. He located in section 36, on land that was given him\\nby a speculator, if he would remain upon it and make an improve-\\nment. John w hammered away, and improved about three acres,\\non which he had built a shanty, when he became disgusted or dis-\\ncouraged, and returned to whence he came. The next to settle\\nin the limits of the township was Joseph Yoith.\\nThe first town meeting was held in a log house, then the house\\nof James Y. Judd, in April, 1S67; there were 17 votes polled, which\\nresulted in Branson Turner being chosen Supervisor; Simon E.\\nTrumbull, Clerk; and Horatio W. Felt, Treasurer.\\nThe first school-house was built in 1850, of basswood, slabs.\\nThe first teacher to preside was a Miss Malvina Perry receiving\\nfor her labors 75 cents per week, and boarding round.\\nThe agricultural productions for the year 1880 were 30,8S3 bush-\\nels of wheat. 25,782 of corn, 13, \u00c2\u00bb52 of oats, 42,069 pounds of\\nbutter, 10,827 dozen of eggs, while the same year the assessment\\nshowed in the township 20 farms and a population of 1,378. Joseph\\nPayne raised the first grain in the township. In harvesting the\\nsame, he and his wife cut two acres with butcher-knives.\\nThe first church building erected in this township, was St.\\nMichael s Catholic church, located on the northeast corner of the\\nnortheast quarter of section 28, and was completed in 1865. It is\\na neat frame building 26 feet wide by 36 feet long. The congre-\\ngation consisted only of five families at that time; and they were\\npioneers, and had very limited means. The Rev. Father Louis\\nVandriss, now of Lansing, was the first pastor. The congre-\\ngation now numbers 75 families. The Pev. Father Peis, of East\\nSaginaw, now has charge of the parish.\\nThe first religious service held in the township was about 25\\nyears ago, immediately after the bass-wood school-house had given\\nway to one of logs. In this building John White preached; he\\nbelonged to a society called the Denomination of God.\\nThe citizens of this township are well provided with educational\\nfacilities, and quite a contrast is presented to the first bass-wood\\nshanty erected for that purpose. There are now seven public-\\n(865)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0855.jp2"}, "852": {"fulltext": "866\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nschool buildings, which daring the year 1880 were attended by\\n300 scholars; each of the seven school districts average a session of\\neight months annually. To pay the salaries of teachers, there was\\nexpended in 1880, $1,187.50.\\nBesides the above is a school kept in the Catholic church on\\nsection 28, under the auspices of that denomination. It has an at-\\ntendance of 75 scholars. Here both English and German are\\ntaught. This school has been in successful operation for the past\\nfive years. The present teacher is Mr. Albert Klees.\\nThere is but one store. It is located in the center of the town-\\nship, and kept by Keeler Co. The place is named Layton s\\nCorners. A blacksmith-shop is the only other business carried on\\nthere. In the store is kept the postofh ce, Mr. Albert Klees being\\nthe present postmaster. There is another, named Elk Postoffice,\\nlocated on the southeast quarter of section 25.\\nThere are three saw-mills in this township, all run by steam,\\nlocated as follows: on the northwest corner of section 19, the north-\\nwest quarter of section 9, and the northwest quarter of section 6.\\nLeavitt s shingle-mill is on the northeast quarter of section 24.\\nORGANIC.\\nThe township was organized under the following order, under\\ndate of Jan. 1, 1857:\\nWhereas, Application has been made to the Board of Supervisors of the\\ncounty of Saginaw by petition, which said petition is signed by more than 12 free-\\nholders of the unorganized territory of township number 9 north, of range 4 east,\\nunder the jurisdiction of the township of Chesaning, in the county of Saginaw,\\nin the State of Michigan, and within the legal boundaries of said county of Sag-\\ninaw, to organize the said territory into a township, to be known and designated\\nby the name of Maple Grove therefore be it\\nResolved, That the unorganized territory above mentioned be, and the same is,\\nhereby organized into a township, to be known and designated by the name of\\nMaple Grove and it is further\\nMesolved, That the first township meeting in said unorganized territory be held\\non the first Monday of April, 1857, and that the same be held at the house of John\\nW. Peltz. in said township, and that Brunson Turner, Bull and J. W. Peltz,\\nelectors of said township, shall preside at said meeting, and exercise the same\\npowers as the inspectors of elections at any township meeting.\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nBrunson Turner 1857\\nJohn Hunter 1858\\nStephen Bull 1859- 60\\nJohn Hunter 1861- 3\\nGeo. M. Mead 1864\\nR. R. Farnsworth 1865- 6\\nJohn Hunter 1867\\nR. R. Farnsworth 1868- 9\\nJohn Hunter 1870- l\\nGeorge M. Mead 1872- :J\\nJ. L. Carmer 1874\\nJohn Hunter 1875\\nJ. Northwood 1876- 80\\nH. Magoffen 1881\\nI", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0856.jp2"}, "853": {"fulltext": "MAPLE GROVE TOWNSHIP.\\n86T\\nCLERKS.\\ns E. Trumbull 1857\\nChester Mimro 1858- 60\\nW L. Worth 1861- 2\\nJ. Northwood 1863- 5\\nIlenrv James 1866\\nJohn Northwood l867- 8\\n1 1. nrv James 1869- 70\\nGeorge Hadley ,1870- l\\nJohu Northwood 1872\\nHenry .Tames 1ST- i\\nJames Massey 1875- 6\\nR. Nuuemaker 1877\\nAlbert Elees 1878- 8.l\\nTREASURERS.\\nJ. V. Judd 1857\\nII. W. Fell 1858- 9\\nT. J. Parmelee l860- 4\\nW. L. Worth l865- 7\\nJ. L. Carmer 1868- 73\\nreorge Hadley 1871\\nGeorge Rolfe 1875\\nGeorge Hadley l876- 8\\nJ. V. Judd 1879- 80\\nFrank Morrison 1881\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nStephen Bull 1857- 8\\nFreeman Turner 1857- 60\\nGeorge Smith 1857- 9\\nII. W. Felt 1858\\nT. J. Parmelee 1859\\nAbram Smith 1860- H\\nE. E. Miller 1861- 4\\nJames Ferrill 1861\\nJohn Hunter. l862- o\\nJos. Voith. 1862\\nT. J. Parmelee 1863- 6\\nGeorge Smith 1865 8\\nJ. Austin 1865\\nAndrew S. Smith 1866 9\\nAbram Smith 186B\\nJohn Hunter l867- 70\\nBenj. Franklin 1868-71\\nGeorge M. llenio-e 1869\\nR. R. Farnsworth l870- r 3\\nJ. Northwood 1871 4\\nII. James 1872\\nGeorge M. Henitre 1873\\nR R. Farnsworth 187+\\nW. L. Worth 1874\\nWin. Glazier 1875\\nHi ram E. Slocum 18:6\\nII. James 1876\\nWm. Babcock 1877- 8\\nReuben L. Smith 1879\\nJohn Northwood 1880\\nAndrew S. Smith 1880\\nJames Massey 1881\\nF. J. Loewen 1881\\nLAND-BUYERS.\\nThe first land-buyers in the township of Maple Grove are given\\nas follows:\\nIra Davenport, see 1, April 20, 1854\\nAlba Carpenter, see 1. Nov 8, 1854\\nWilliam Tremain, sec 1, Aug 12, 1854\\nBylvanusA. Hallack,sec 1, Aug 14,1854\\nLucius Dibble, sec 2, Dee 00. 1854\\nIra Davenport, sec 2, May 6, 18o4\\nHenry Scarr, sec 2, Feb 6, 1855\\nAlex. McArthur, sec 2, April 7. 1836\\nErastus P. Hastings, sec 2, April 7, 1836\\nBi-n. F. II. Witherell, sec 2, April 7, 1836\\nThorn. L. L. Brent, sec 2, March 38, 1836\\nDaniel LeRoy, sec 2, Aug 25, 1836\\nCharles P. Woodruff.sec 2, June 10, 1836\\nElon Farnsworth, sec Junes;, [836\\nAlex. McAnhur, sec 3, April 7, 1836\\nErastusP. Hastings, sec3, April 7, 1836\\nBen. F. II. Witherell, sec 3, April 7\\nand 13,1836\\nJames Davidson, sec 3, April 8, 1836\\nJoel B. Fairchild, sec 3, Jan 30, 1855\\nJohn Williams, sec 3, April 27, 1836\\nNich. C. Hay ward, sec 3, Sept 13, 18:56;\\nJohn Gallagher, sec 4, July 27,1853\\nCharles T. Disbrow, sec 4, Nov 9, 1854\\nAmos Davis, sec 4, Nov 1854\\nPeter S. Baldwin, sec 4, Nov \u00c2\u00ab.i,, 1864\\nHenry Brewer, sec 4, Dec 7, 1854\\nJohn H. Vreeland, sec 4, Nov 9, 1854\\nJohn Gallagher, sec 5, July 27, and\\nAug 2, 1853\\nJoseph McNamee, sec 5, Dec 22, 1834\\nMaurice II. Bliss, sec 5, Nov 9, 1854\\nWillard Parker, sec 6, Au\u00c2\u00b0- 1, 1854. and\\nJuly 20 and 27, 1853\\nGeorge Mapet, sec 6, Nov 9, 1854\\nWillard Parker, sec 6, Aug 1, 1853\\nJames R. Jackman, sec 7, Oct 11 and\\n13. 1836", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0857.jp2"}, "854": {"fulltext": "8oS\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSarah P. Richardson, sec 8, Oct 19,1836\\nGeorge W. Slayton, set 8, Oct 13, 1836\\nJohn W. Stebbins, sec 8, Dec 24, 1836\\nHenry G. Stebbins, sec 8, Dec 24, 1836\\nAllen N. Nourse, sec 8, Oct 12, 1836\\nJohn W. Stebbins, sec 9, Dec 24, 1836\\nHenry G. Stebbins, sec 9, Dec 24, 1836\\nAlfred A. Coye, sec 9, Oct 22, 1836\\nNich. C. Hayward, sec 9, Sept 13, 1836\\nJonathan Faitoute, sec 10 Aug 27, 1836\\nWilliam Parsons, sec 10, Oct 11, 1836\\nSamuel C. Russell, sec 10, Oct 11, 1836\\nRalph Hall, sec 10, Aug 27, 1836\\nAden Mitchell, sec 10, Nov 9, 1854\\nColby Clew, sec 11, April 16, 1836\\nChas. P, Woodruff, sec 11, June 10, 1836\\nJames Wadsworth, sec 11, July 7, 1836\\nHenry W.Hopkins, sec 12, July 22, 1853\\nWilliam Tremain, sec 12, Aug 12, 1854\\nWilliam Mitchell, sec 12 Nov 9, 1854\\nColby Clew, sec 12, April 16. 1836\\nIra Davenport, sec 13, May 22, 1854\\nSiias G. Miller, sec 13, Feb 7, 1855\\nWilliam Tremain, sec 13, Aug 12, 1854\\nColby Clew, sec 13, April 16, 1836\\nSmith Doubleday, sec 14, Nov 9, 1854\\nJoseph M. Glasin, sec 14, Aug 27, 1836\\nThomas McGee, sec 14, Nov 10, 1854\\nSamuel Gage, sec 15, Aug 27. l s 36\\nJacob Badger, sec 15, Aug 2?, 1836\\nAndrew Murphy, sec 15, Nov 9, 1854\\nJobn W. Stebbins, sec 17, Dec 24, 1836\\nHenry G. Stebbins, sec 17, Dec 24, 1836\\nGideon Lee, sec 18, Dec 24, 1836\\nThomas J. Willev, sec 19, Nov 9, 1854\\nIsrael E. Godley, sec 19, Nov 9, 1854\\nIra Sperry, sec 19, Nov 9, 1854\\nGeorge Colt, sec 20, Nov 9, 1854\\nWm. H. Overli.\u00c2\u00bblt, sec 20, Nov 9, 1854\\nSteven Gregory, sec 20, Nov 9, 1854\\nJohn S. Smith, sec 21, March 24, 1855\\nOscar F. Bantley, sec 21, Nov 9, 1854\\nFrancis C. Gray, sec 21, Nov 9, 1854\\nJohn F. Bliss, sec 22, June 7, 1836\\nDaniel Tapper, sec 22, Nov 7, 1854\\nThomas H. Nesbit, sec 22, Nov 9, 1854\\nCornelius McGee. sec 22, Nov 9, 1854\\nEdward M. Tapper, sec 23, Nov 9, 1854\\nClarkson Morgan, sec 23, Aug 27, 1836\\nJoseph Lawrence, sec 24, May 2, 1836\\nPeter F. Ewer, sec 21, July 14, 1836\\nHiram E. Slocum, sec. 25, Nov 9, 1854\\nPeter F. Ewer, sec 25, July 14, 1836\\nJames Judd, sec 26, Nov 9, 1854\\nJames Harkness, sec 26, Aug 27, 1836\\nOrson Bouck, sec 26. Nov 9, 1854\\nGab. V. N. Hetfield, sec 27, Aug 27, 1836\\nGeorge Buchanan, sec 27, Dec 8, 1854\\nJoseph Voith, sec 27, May 30, 1855\\nNorman Chapin, sec 27, Nov 14, 1854\\nRobert W. Dallam, sec 28, Nov 10, 1854\\nSteven Crocker, sec 28, Nov 10, 1854\\nMartin McGuiness, sec 29, Nov 9, 1854\\nFrancis M. Ingersoll sec 29, Nov 6, 1S54\\nHoratio Belcher, sec 29, Nov 25, 1854\\nEugene George, sec 29. Nov 9, 1854\\nF. M. Ingersoll, sec 30, Nov 11, 1854\\nWm Richards, jr., sec 30, Nov 9, 1854\\nChester Munro, sec 30, Nov 11, 1854\\nElias J. Bump, sec 30, Nov 9, 1854\\nJohn W. Griffin, sec 31. Nov 9, 1854\\nSteven Ball, sec 31, Nov 11, 1854\\nTim. B Galigher, sec 32, Nov 27, 1854\\nRufus Trumbull, sec 32, Nov 27. 1854\\nNorman Mills, sec 32, Nov 9, 1S54\\nEmery Cobb, sec 33, Oct 15, 1836\\nEdmund Rolfe, sec 33. Nov 7, 1854\\nGeoree Rolle. sec 33, Nov 8, 1854\\nThomas Collins, sec 33, Nov 9, 1854\\nJoshua S. Johnson, sec 34, Nov 9, 1854\\nAsaDenison, jr., sec 34, Oct 15, 1836\\nLuther James, sec 34, Oct 19, 1836\\nGeorge Smith, sec 34, Nov 9, 1854\\nAsahel Judd, sec 35, Nov 9. 1X54\\nCarlos Marsh, sec 35, April 15, 1837\\nL. James, sec 35, Oct 21, 1836\\nJohn W. Petty, sec 35, Nov 6, 1854\\nWm. Northwood, sec 35, Dec 29, 1*54\\nL. James, sec 36, Oct 19 and 21, 1836\\nEbenezer Conkling. sec 36, Nov 12, 1836\\nElisha B. Strong, sec 36, June 4, 1836\\nAlmeron Brotherton, sec 36, Oct 18, 1836\\nJoseph Lawrence, sec 36, May 2, 1836\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nIn the personal history of the tp., many important events are\\nnoticed and much information at once interesting and instructive\\ngiven:\\nJoseph Artman, farmer, sec. 15. was born in Bavaria, Germany,,\\nAug. 25, 1825. He came to the United States in 1857, and located\\nat Sheboygan, Wis., where he worked in a saw-mill for some time\\nand lost two fingers of his left hand. He removed to Hancock,\\nHoughton Co., in the Lake Superior region, and there carried\\non an extensive harness-making establishment for some time. He\\nis a thorough workman, having followed that trade for 32 years. In", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0858.jp2"}, "855": {"fulltext": "MAPLE GRCH i: l N8HIP. 869\\n1869 lie removed to Maple Grove tp., where he bought 120 acres\\nof timbered land. While a resident of Houghton county, he had\\na house burned down, in which lay the corpse of one of his chil-\\ndren. His wife moved the body twice as the lire advanced, and\\nthe shock to her nervous system, and the cold which settled on her\\nLangs, proved fatal, and she died in Maple Grove tp., April 11,\\n1870, exactly one year after the fire.\\nHiram T. Austin, farmer, sec. 20, was born in Cattaraugus Co.,\\nN. Y., Jan. 21, 1833. He is a son of Jonathan and Lydia (Durkee)\\nAustin, father a native of New York, and mother of Vermont, both\\nof English descent. When 10 years of age Mr. Austin accom-\\npanied his uncle to Orion, Oakland Co., Mich., and in the fall ot\\n1852 went to East Saginaw, where, for seven years, he worked in\\nsaw-mills in summer seasons, and in the pineries during the win-\\nters. In the fall of 1859 he bought 80 acres of land in this tp., 40\\nof which he subsequently traded for two three-year-old steers, one\\ncow. one yearling heifer, and $50 worth of wheat and flour. At Nash-\\nville, Tenn., October, 1863, he entered Co. A, -1th Mich. Cav., under\\nCapt. Leach (afterward Capt. Stone), and was honorably discharged\\nat Nashville, Aug. 23, 1865. He was married at East Saginaw\\nJau. 2, 1S57, to Ann Maria, daughter of Lawed and M,aria A.\\nWorth, who was born in Canada Dec. 13, 1835. Two children\\nwere given them, Sasson J., born March 17, 1861, and Jared L.,\\nborn June 26, 1853. Mrs. Austin died April 2, 1878, and he was\\nagain married June 6, 1880, to Sarah E., daughter of David S. and\\nElizabeth Irland.\\nWilliam Babeock, farmer, was born at Geneva, Seneca Co., N.\\nV.. Sept. 15, 1825, and was the first son born to John and Acsah\\n(Palmer) Babeock, natives of Jefferson Co.. N. Y.; subject of\\nsketch was educated in common schools; in 1814 went to Ca} 7 uga\\nCo., O., and in 1860 to Maple Grove tp., where he bought a quarter\\nsection of land; at Brooklyn, O., Oct. 16, 1S61, he enlisted in Co.\\nK, 41st Reg. Ohio Vol. Inf., and was slightly wounded in the left\\ntemple by a piece of a shell at the battle of Mission Ridge; lay in\\nhospital two weeks and was then discharged; married Elizabeth,\\ndaughter of David W. Poe, of Pennsylvania; have 3 children\\nMaria, born in Madison Co., Wis.; Solon, born at Brooklyn,\\nCayuga Co., Now 6, I860, and Joseph, born in Maple Grove\\ntp., Oct. 8, I86fi subject is a Greenbacker, and was a Justice of the\\nPeace for two terms.\\nJason Carmer, fourth son of Silas and Catherine (Carmer)\\nCarmer, was born at Clarence, Erie Co., X. Y., Sept. 14. 1842.\\nHis father was born in New York, Oct. 18, L797, of English\\ndescent, and died Nov. 13, 1877. His mother was born in New\\nJersey of German descent. By occupation, Mr. C. is a farmer.\\nHe came to Maple Grove tp. March 1 1877, and bought 60 acres\\nf land on sec. 32, 20 a-res of which arc now under cultivation.\\nHe was married at Clarence, Erie Co., X. Y.. Jan. 17, 1866, to\\nAdeline A., daughter of Elijah and Catherine Rappleyea, born", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0859.jp2"}, "856": {"fulltext": "870 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nat Amherst, Erie Co., N. Y., March 11, 1848. They have had 6\\nchildren, 5 born at Clarence, Erie Co., N. Y. Clarence O., born\\nDec. 7, 1866; Jason L., born March 11, 1868; Cyrus E., born\\nMarch 30, 1870; Catherine L., born Jan. 12, 1872, and Cyrenius\\nE., born Sept. 26, 1877. In politics Mr. C. is a Republican, and\\nhimself and wife are members of the Baptist Church. He served\\n100 days in Co. 15, 98th Reg. N. Y. Vol. Inf. He enlisted at\\nClarence, Erie Co., N. Y., Aug. 10, 1864, and was discharged\\nDec. 22, 1864, at Buffalo, N. Y.\\nWinfieldlS. Carpenter, agriculturist, was born at Herman, St.\\nLawrence Co., X. Y., Nov. 7, 1842. His parents are Russell\\nand Rebecca (Reid) Carpenter, father a native of Herkimer Co.,\\nJST. Y., and mother a native of Salem, Vt., both of English descent.\\nMr. Carpenter first located in Michigan in the fall of 1866. After\\nresiding for some time in Oakland and Lapeer counties, in 1876,\\nhe exchanged farms with a Mr. Stewart, receiving 80 acres of land\\nin this tp. He has 25 acres under cultivation. At Canton, JST. Y., in\\nSeptember, 1861, he enlisted in Co. A. 60th Reg. N. Y. Vol. Inf.,\\nand served three years in the army of the Potomac, and on board\\na man-of-war for one year. He was a prisoner at Belle Isle for\\none month. He was honorably discharged in September, 1865. Mr.\\nCarpenter was married in Oakland Co., Mich., to Sarah L. Allen,\\nwho was born Feb. 20, 1845. They have 1 child, Katie, born in\\nOctober, 1873.\\nHarvey Carte/; farmer, was born at Milwaukee, Wis., Aug. 31,\\n1841. His parents are Ira F. and Elizabeth A. (Curtis) Carter,\\nthe former a native of Massachusetts, and the latter of Montrose\\nCo., Fa., both of English descent. Harvey was educated in the\\nhigh school at Mosier, Crawford Co., Pa., and has taught school\\nseveral terms. He also worked at the cooper s trade six years.\\nIn 1861 he located at Joliet, 111., and a year later in the Lake\\nSuperior region, where he held several tp. offices. He settled in\\nMaple Grove tp. in 1*74, and bought 80 acres of land, 15 of which\\nhe has improved. He was married Oct. 16, 1866, to Martha,\\ndaughter of Isaac and Mary Fisher, who was born in Sheboygan\\nCo., Wis., June 12, 1S45. They have 7 children Lemira A.,\\nMartha E., Elizabeth A., Reuben M., Lillian H., Harvey F., jr.,\\nand William W. Mr. Carter and wife are consistent members of\\nthe M. E. Church, and he is a Republican.\\nThomas S. Casson,Hr t son of Mordecai and Sarah S. (Stronger-\\nharm) Casson, was born at Burlington, Otsego Co., N. Y., June 15,\\n1838. His father was born at Thorne, Yorkshire, Eng., Oct. 12,\\n1802. His mother was born at Butternuts, Otsego Co., N. Y., and\\ndied Oct. 19, 1878. He was educated in the common schools of\\nNew York, and attended one term at Alfred University, Allegany\\nCo., N. Y., in the fall of 1860. When 15 years of age he removed\\nto Steuben Co., N. Y., and was there married, Dec. 31, 1863, to\\nMartha, daughter of Asahel and Mary who was born at\\nTuscarora, Steuben Co., K Y., Jan. 11, 1840. They have 7 chil-\\ndren the first 2, Clarence and Mordecai, were twins, and born", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0860.jp2"}, "857": {"fulltext": "MAPLE GROVE TOWNSHIP. 871\\nin Steuben Co., N. Y., July 24, 1864; Hn ;li Gr., born May 26,\\n1868; Sarah, born at Rush, Shiawassee Co., Mich.. March 17, 1871;\\nErnest, born at Bennington, Shiawassee Co., Mich., Dec. 11, 187:.\\nMary, born July 14, 1877, and Olive I., born March 6, 1879.\\nMr. Oasson came to Maple Grove tp. in December, 1875, and\\nbought 80 acres of land on the northwest quarter of sec. 20,\\nwhere he now resides.\\nWilliam L. 1 neen (deceased) was the first son of John N. and\\nAnn (Chapman) Deneen, the former a native of Milton, O., of Ger-\\nman and Irish descent, and the mother a native of Yonngstown, O.\\n(born March 22, 1815). Mr. Deneen was a lumberman by occupa-\\ntion, and led a varied life from the age of 17 years until 1871,\\nwhen he bought 40 acres of land on sec. 4, 25 of which he im-\\nproved. Mr. Deneen was married Dec. 31, 1870. to Laura, daughter\\nof Tobias and Laura Reeser. They have 3 children Joseph N.,\\nborn Feb. 10, 1871; Ariadna, born April 15, 1879, and John T.,\\nborn Sept. 18. 1S80. Mr. Deneen was appointed Deputy Sheriff\\nof Saginaw county, and after serving some 13 months had occasion\\nto arrest a noted horse-thief by the name of Clark, alias Bayard,\\nand while doing so received a pistol ball in the shoulder, from the\\neffects of which he died in St. Mary s Hospital at East Saginaw.\\nMarch 21, 18S1.\\nJames Ferril, one of the oldest settlers of Maple Grove tp., and\\nsecond son of John and Olive (Montgomery) Ferril, was born in\\nMilton tp., Richland Co., O., Sept. 18, 1819. He removed to\\nFulton, Indiana, in the fall of 1842, and went to work on a farm,\\nwhere he remained four years, then went to Monroe Co., Mich.,\\nand after residing there nine years, came to Maple Grove tp., in\\nthe spring of 1857. He bought the southwest quarter of sec.\\n15. He now has 120 acres, 53 of which are under cultivation.\\nWhen he arrived in Maple Grove tp., he possessed an ox team, two\\ncows, one yearling heifer, and five dollars in cash. His land cost-\\nhim two and one-half dollars per acre, and having no money he\\ntook a job at chopping and clearing 17 acres to pay for his 160\\nacres, and procured his deed from probate court. He had to\\ncut his own road, a distance of eight miles, through the timber to\\nget to his land. He was married in Monroe Co., Mich., March 2,\\n1846, to Clarissa, daughter of Benjamin and Joanna Mann; of\\ntheir 4 children, 3 are living George B., born in Washtenaw\\nCo., Mich., April 9, 1850; Olive J., born in Washtenaw county,\\nAug. 22, 1857. and William F., born in Maple Grove tp., Sag-\\ninaw Co.. Aug. 5, 1860. In politics Mr. Ferril is a Republican.\\nBenjamin Fianklin,ux\\\\\\\\y son of John and Chloe (Dibble) Frank-\\nlin, was born at Florida, Montgomery Co. N.Y., June 12, 1818, and\\nis of English descent. By occupation he is a tanner, although he\\nhae been engaged in lumbering a number of winters. He came to\\nMaple Grove tp., in the spring of 1863, and purchased 240 acres\\nof land on sec. 32. He now has 12 acres, 32 of which are\\nunder cultivation. He is one of the earliest settlers in this tp.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0861.jp2"}, "858": {"fulltext": "872 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nHe has been Justice of the Peace four years, and is a member\\nof the AVesleyan Methodist Church. He was married at Tonawanda,\\nErie Co., N. Y., to Minerva, daughter of John and Giffa Hatch,\\nwho was born in Erie Co., N. Y., Nov. 7. 1817, and died in Maple\\nGrove tp.,Mar. 28, 1874. They had lo children born in Erie Co.,\\nN. Y., 8 of whom are living\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John B., born March 23, 1839; Free-\\nlove J., born June 6, 1843; Wesley D., born Aug. 23, 1846; Asa\\nO., born June 30, 1847; MinaA., born Aug. 24, 1854; Nancy M.,\\nborn June 26, 1858; and the deceased are Minerva M., born\\nApril 26, 1842, died Mav 24, 1872; Esther A., born Aug. 20, 1851,\\nand died Sept. 13, 1851; William H., born July 20, 1852, and died\\nSept. 6, 1852; Mary C, born Nov. 12, 1856, died May 3, 1857. He\\nwas again married Sept. 7, 1874, to Leah Totten, who was born at\\nGilderland, Albany Co., N. Y., Oct. 16, 1828; she was the daughter\\nof Samuel and Agnes (Sixbee) Totten.\\nMrs. Franklin was the widow of Peter Waldroff, when she was\\nmarried to Mr. Franklin. Mr. Waldroff was a native of Schoharie\\nCo.,N.Y., and died at Flint, Mich., in 1871, and left to his widow\\n2 children Marion Eugene, born April 2, 1849. and Mary E.,\\nborn in November, 1852.\\nWilliam, Glazier, jr., farmer, sec. 33, was born at Staunton,\\nLincolnshire, Eng., July, 13, 1832. His parents were Will-\\niam, sr., and Elizabeth (Hard} 7 Glazier. William was educated\\nin England, and in 1855 came to the United States, locating at\\nHowell, Livingston Co., Mich. He resided in Macomb Co., Mich.,\\nabout eight years, and in 1871 bought 160 acres of timbered land\\nin Maple Grove tp., where he has since resided. He was mar-\\nried Jan. 3, 1875, to Mrs. Irena Glazier, widow of Thomas Gla-\\nzier (dee.) and daughter of John and Sarah A. Savage. She was\\nborn at Almont, Lapeer Co., Mich., July 23, 1S49. They have\\n1 child, Ilda May, born Aug. 13, 1879. Mr. Glazier has 35 acres\\nof his farm under cultivation, and politically is a Democrat.\\nP. A. Green, agriculturist, sec. 16, was born at Amherst, Erie\\nCo., N. Y., July 8, 1837, of Scotch and English descent. He is\\nthe third son of Francis and Rebecca (McNeil) Green; father was\\nborn in Massachusetts, July 15, 1810, and died at Burton, Genesee\\nCo., Mich.; mother was a native of Rhode Island, and died at Am-\\nherst, N. Y. Mr. Green located at Flint, Mich., in 1862, and re-\\nmoved to Maple Grove tp., Oct. 16, 1867. He bought 120 acres of\\nland. 80 acres of which he has improved. Mr. Green is a pioneer\\nof this tp., and has been prominently identified with all its public\\nimprovements. On Aug. 8, 1879, his barn was burned with all the\\ngrain, hay and other crops he had raised that year, besides three\\nhorses, and most of his farming implements. His loss was esti-\\nmated at $4,000. Mr. G. was married April 11, 1864, to Mina J.,\\ndaughter of Amos P. and Emeline J. Watkins, who was born Nov.\\n28, 1844. They have 4 children Clarence C, born at Burton,\\nMich., June 25, 1865; Bertha R., born Feb. 9, 1871; Lennie F.,\\nborn Oct. 19, 1875, and Clare R., born June 28, 1879.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0862.jp2"}, "859": {"fulltext": "MAPLE GROVE TOWN8BTP. ^T-\\nLeonard Haffner, farmer, sec. 22, was born in Baden, Germany,\\nin L833; bie parents 9 names were Lonis and Elizabeth (Kellerman)\\nHaffner. Leonard Haffner came to America in 1853, and located\\nat Baltimore, Marvland. In 1857 he went to Canada, and in 1860\\nlocated 80 acres of land in this tp., 7 of which he has improved.\\nHe was an early settler in Maple Grove tp.; he has been tp. Com-\\nmissioner, and is a Republican. He was married in Canada, in\\n1859, to Susanna, daughter of Benjamin and Mary Barnhart. They\\nhave 5 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mary E., born April 14, 1864; Plnebe C, born\\nFeb. 14, L866; Calvin Lewis, born Sept. 12, 1867; Emma, born Feb.\\nL869, and Rebecca, born July 10, 1870. Mrs. Haffner died in 1874,\\nand Mr. II. was again married, May 11, 1875, to Elizabeth, daughter\\nof John and Ann Shook. children have been given them George\\nborn Feb. 7, 1876; Cora E., born Sept, 8, 1879, and John G.,\\nborn March 24, 1881. Mr. Haffner and wife are members of the\\nProtestant Methodist Church.\\nGeorge M. Henige, farmer, sec. 27, was born in Bavaria, Ger-\\nmany, Feb. 20, 1829, and is a son of Anthon and Magdalene (Jara-\\nbon) Henige. He passed his early life in Germany, attending\\nschool and acting as salesman until 17 years of age, when he ac-\\ncompanied his parents to Ohio, where he resided 18 years. In 1862\\nhe came to this county to see his brother-in-law, Joseph Voith, the\\nfirst settler in Maple Grove tp., and in the winter of 18r\u00c2\u00bb3 bought\\n404 acres of land, 65 of which he has since improved. He is Demo-\\ncratic in politics, and has served as Justice of the Peace six or\\nseven years. He was married in Ohio to Ann Maria Voith. They\\nhave 6 children Sarah Elizabeth, Severinus, Maria Louisa, George\\nM., Mary and Henry. The first two are natives of Ohio, and the\\nremainder of this county.\\nJacob Henige, farmer, sees. 22 and 27. was born in Bavaria, Ger-\\nmany, June 16, L836. He is a son of Anthony and Mary M.\\n(Shambo) Henige. In L846 he accompanied his parents and\\ntli roe brothers to this country, and settled at Vernon, Crawford\\nCo., when- he bought 36 acres of land, and also farmed 36\\nacres belonging to his brother. After a residence of 25 years at\\nVernon, in the spring of 1871, he settled on 80 acres of land on\\nsec. 27. which he had purchased of his brother in 1867. He also\\nbought 80 acres on sec. 22. He now has 60 acres under cultivation.\\nHe is Democratic in politics. He was married June 3, 1862, to\\nMary A., daughter oi John and Mary A. Sutter, who was born at\\nVernon, O., Sept. L6, 1841. They have 7 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mary S.,\\nJacob, Ann 8., Mary T.. Rosa 1 Mary F. and Barbara M. Mr.\\nII. and family are members of the German Catholic Church.\\nEphrairn aoskzns, Wining-, was bom at Shefford, Lower Canada,\\nMay 4. 1M4. He is the second son of Joab and Lvdia Spaulding)\\nEloskins, natives of Canada, of English ancestry. Mr. LToskins\\nremoved to Spencer, Medina Co.. Ohio,inl849, and in 1S55 located\\n4 acres of land in this tp., 20 of which he has improved. He\\nwas married in Canada. June 23, L840, toLenora, daughter of Eze-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0863.jp2"}, "860": {"fulltext": "874 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nkiel Lewis. They have 4 children Lucy C, horn at Shefiord,\\nCan., April 7, 1843; Roxana, born at Harrisonville, O., Nov. 8,\\nL848; Carrie P., born at Spencer, O., Aug. 20, 1852; and Hiram\\nR, born at Flushing, Genesee Co., Midi., Feb. 9, 1856. Mr.\\nHoskins is a Republican.\\nMartin I. Hulbert, son of James S. and Alma L. (Doud) Hul-\\nbert, was born in Knox Co., Ohio, Nov. 29, 1837. His father was\\nborn at Morristown, Morris Co., N. Y., of English descent; his\\nmother in Rutland Co., Vt., of Irish descent. He received\\nhis education in the common schools of Ohio, and in the spring\\nof 1853, removed with his parents to Clinton Co., Mich. After a\\nresidence of 27 years in Clinton county, he came to Maple Grove\\ntp., Mar. 16, 1880, and bought 104 acres of land on sec. 19, 40 of\\nwhich are under cultivation. Fie was married at Essex, Clinton\\nCo., Mich., Jan. 18, 1866, to Mrs. Sarah Cook, daughter of Will-\\niam and Jane Jones, who was born in Livingston Co., N. Y.,\\nMay 5, 1833. They have 4 children, all natives of Clinton Co.,\\nMich. \u00e2\u0080\u0094dames T., born Dec. 3, 1866; William O., born May 16,\\n1868; Alma L., born April 16, 1870 and OmerF., born Nov. 23,\\n1876. Mr. Hulbert enlisted at Morristown, N. J., Sept. 6, 1865,\\nin Co. C, 33d N. J. Yol. Inf., under Capt. C. E. Sutton, and\\nserved 10 months in the army of the Cumberland. In politics he\\nis a Democrat. Himself and wife are members of the M. E.\\nChurch.\\nJohn Hunter, first and only son of William and Ann (Walzer)\\nHunter, was born in Springfield, Otsego Co., near Otsego Lake,\\nDec. 17, 1821. By occupation he is a farmer. He came to Pontiac,\\nOakland Co., June, 1830; moved to Flushing in 1848, then to\\nMaple Grove in 1856. He is an old settler; came here when the\\ntp. was all a wilderness, and cut his road a mile and a half through\\nthe woods to his place and built a log hut, which now stands on his\\nplace near the new one, and is kept as a postoffice. He bought 120\\nacres of land, which was covered with timber, and now has the most\\nof it under cultivation. He was married March 4,1845, to Matilda\\nStone, daughter of Win. F. Stone, of Commerce, Oakland Co., Mich.\\nThey have had 5 children Albert W., born March 31, 1849; Mary\\nE., April 5, 1851; John S., April 13, 1853; Ida M., Nov. 1, 1855;\\nNewton B., born in Maple Grove, Oct. 20, 1866. The first 4 were\\nborn in Flushing. Mr. H. was the second Supervisor in the tp., and\\nheld that office for 10 years; Justice of the Peace 12 years, and vari-\\nous other tp. offices and has been Postmaster 15 years. In politics\\nhe is a Greenbacker. His wife belongs to the Methodist ciass of\\nMaple Grove. He enlisted in Flushing, Genesee Co., Aug. 27,\\n1864, in the 13th Mich. Batter} under Capt. Charles Dupont, of\\nDetroit, and served one year, doing post duty at Fort Reno.\\nMadison Irland, farmer, sec. 13, was born in Monroe Co., N.\\nY., Jan 22, J 830. His parents were David S. and Elizabeth (De-\\nBar) Irland, father native of Milton, Northumberland Co., Pa., of\\nScotch descent, mother a native of Aurelius, Cayuga Co., N. Y., of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0864.jp2"}, "861": {"fulltext": "MAPLE GROVE TOWNSHIP. 875\\nGerman parentage. Madison learned the carpenter s trade in early\\nlife, which he followed for 10 years. In 1837 he located at Deerfield,\\nLivingston Co., Mich., and in 1873 in this tp., where he bought 117\\nacres o Hand on which he has made a number of good improve-\\nments. He was married at Flushing, Genesee Co., Mich.. Sept.\\n19, 1S56, to Emma S., daughter of Thomas and Ann Hough, and a\\nnative of Stockport, England. Four children were ;iven them\\nFranklin, born July 7. 1858; Annie E., Oct. 26, 1864; Emma M.,\\nFeb. 12, 1 s 7 1 and Madison, April 21, 1873. Mrs. Irland died, and\\nMr. I. was again married to Rachel A. Mead, daughter of Eli and\\nNancy Thomas. Mrs. Irland was born at Pittsfield, Warren Co.,\\nPa., Sept. 26, 1852. They have 1 child\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Elizabeth, born in Maple\\nGrove tp., April 6, 1878. Mr. Irland is a Democrat.\\nHenry Jumex, farmer, was born in Chautauqua Co., N.Y., in\\n1825; parents were Robert and Betsey James, the former a\\nnative of Rhode Island, and the latter of Vermont; subject of\\nsketch was educated in academ\\\\ r at Fredonia, N. Y. subsequently\\ntaught school for eight years; came to Maple Grove tp. in I860,\\nand bought a quarter section of land on sec. 15 afterward\\npurchased 80 acres on sec. 27, in Maple Grove tp. Nov.\\n13, 1862. he enlisted in Co. C. 7th Mich. Cav., Captain D. H.\\nDarling, and accompanied that regiment in all its meander-\\nings through the war was once sent home for five months as\\nrecruiting agent; was discharged Nov. 13, 1865; is a faithful mem-\\nber of Republican party was married Oct. 10, 1852, to Phena M.\\nParmelee, who was born at Walworth, Marion Co., N. Y.; parents\\nare Thomas J. and Chloe (Atwell) Parmelee; 5 children have\\nbeen sent to seal this union Harriet E., born in Chautauqua Co.,\\nN. Y., Nov. 1, 1851; Martha A., born at Flint, Genesee Co.,\\nMich., Nov. 20, 1857; Frank G., born at Palmyra, Lenawee Co.,\\nMich., Nov. 24, 1860; George N., born in Maple Grove tp., Sept. 3,\\n1868, and De Land C., born in Maple Grove tp., April 11, 1873.\\nMrs. James is a member of the Church of God.\\nMr. James has served the tp. in nearly all of its various offices,\\namong which is Tp. Clerk, Tp. Superintendent of Schools, etc.\\nHe was appointed in 1867, by the Governor of the State, State\\nRoad Commissioner, and served in that office for eight years, and\\nsupervised and laid out all the jobs for the building of the Clio\\nand Chesaning State road; 3,000 acres of land were appropriated\\nfor this purpose, and a large amount of money; all this passed\\nthrough Mr. James hands in payment for work on this road; he\\nhas served as Justice of the Peace 12 years, and now occupies\\nthat office; he has been very active in promoting the cause of edu-\\ncation, in building school-houses, etc., etc., and has been School\\nDirector of his district continuously since his residence here.\\nJmnes V. Jndd was born in Avon, Livingston Co., N. Y., in\\n1822. He was the third son of Asahel and Catherine (Yincent)\\nJudd. His father was born in New Britain, Hartford Co., Conn.;", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0865.jp2"}, "862": {"fulltext": "876 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nhis mother was born in Little Falls, Herkimer Co., N. Y.; both\\nof English descent; by occupation lie is a farmer, and he received\\nhis education in the common schools of New York. He moved to\\nGrand Blanc, Genesee Co., in 1S45, and in 1854 he removed to\\nMaple Grove. He was the fourth settler in the tp. He bought\\n160 acres of land, and since then has purchased 100 more, situated\\nin sec. 35. He was married Oct. 8, 1840, to Nancy S. Bouck, the\\ndaughter of Jacob and Martha Bouck. She died Aug. 8, 1849. Of\\ntheir 4 children 1 is living Seymour A., born Sept. 3. 1846\\nin Grand Blanc, Genesee Co., Mich. Mr. Judd married again, this\\ntime Persis L. Ganson, daughter of Nathau and Julia Ganson,\\nGenesee Co., N. Y. They have 11 children Ordell, John, Hat-\\ntie, Elmer, Ganson, Albert, Delphina, Cyrus, Pearl, Dorr, Theo-\\ndore. Mr. J. has been Tp. Treasurer 2|- years, and was the first\\nTreasurer of the tp. Mr. J. and wife belong to the Church of God,\\nin Maple Grove. He enlisted in Owosso, Shiawassee Co., Aug. 29,\\n1862, in Co. G, 6th Mich. Cav., under Captain George A. Drew; he\\nserved until April 25, 1863, and was discharged on account of disease\\ncontracted by exposure. He served as teamster in Washington.\\nAlbert Klees, school-teacher, and farmer, was born at Shelby,\\nRichmond Co., Ohio, Aug. 8, 1853. His parents were Nicholas\\nand Cecilia (Y^etzen) Klees father a native of Prussia mother,\\nof Switzerland, and came to this country in 1833, while the former\\ncame some years later. Both are deceased. When Mr. Klees\\nwas 16 years of age, he went to Atlantic, Iowa, where he clerked\\nin his uncle s store. He afterward clerked in a store at Shelby,\\n)hio. In 1874 he entered Kline Rowland s Commercial Academy\\nat uberlin, O., from which he graduated Nov. 27, 1874. In April,\\n1877, Mr. K. came to Michigan, and located at Layton Corners, in\\nthis tp., opening a general store, in company with a Mr. Keeler.\\nA year later Mr. K. bought his partner s interest, but soon after\\nsold it to his former partner, and purchased 40 acres of timbered\\nland on sec. 16, where he lived until 1880, when he bought 20\\nacres on the same section, where he now resides. In 1878 he was\\nappointed P.M. of the Corners, which position he still occupies.\\nOn Nov. 3, 1880, he took charge of the parochial school, and has\\ntaught the same up to the present time. He is now serving his\\nfourth term as Tp. Clerk. Mr. Klees was married at Bucyrus, O.,\\nNov. 6, 1874, to Maria Gase. They have 2 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I vo Albums\\nand Urban A. Mr. K. and wife are members of the Roman Cath-\\nolic Church, and he is a Democrat.\\nHarrison Magoffin, farmer, was born at Clarence, Erie Co.,\\nN. Y., Oct. 5, 1840. He is the second son of James H. and\\nElizabeth (Thompson) Magoffin father born near Gettysburg, Pa.,\\nin 1808 mother born in Pennsylvania; both of Scotch and Irish\\ndescent. Harrison enlisted at Columbus, O.. in the Signal Corps\\nU. S. A., attached to Gen. O. O. Howard, under Gen. Sherman, on\\nMarch 15, 1864, and was discharged Aug. 22, 1865. He was\\nmarried Oct. 27, 1869, to Laura T., daughter of Madison Bagley,\\nwho was born at Clarence, Erie Co., N. Y., Nov. 25, 1850. They", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0866.jp2"}, "863": {"fulltext": "MAPLE GROVE TOWNSHIP. 879\\nhave 2 children Laura F.. born in New York, Feb. 6, L871, and\\nMinnie M., born in Maple Grove tp., Nov. Is. 1880. Mrs. Ma-\\ngoffin is a member of the M. E. Church. Mr. M came to this tp.\\nin L872, and bought 40 acres of land, 17 of which lie has improved,\\nlie is ;i I emocrat in politics.\\nQ-eorgi Mmer, fanner, was bom in Medina*county near Cleveland,\\n0., Oct. 3, L845. 1 Ie is the second son of Joseph P. and Levina\\n(Johnson) Miner; father a native of Massachusetts; mother of New\\nYork; both of English descent. George was educated in Ohio,\\nand in L872, bought 80 acres of land, where he now resides. He\\nwas married at Homerville, Medina Co., Aug. 11, 1868, to\\n[sabella, daughter of Augustus and Elizabeth Miller, wlio was born\\nat Cleveland, O., Aug. 11. L849. Three children have been senl\\nto lile^s this union Joseph B., born in Medina Co. ,0., July 21,\\nL869; Anivetre, born Oct. 21, 1874, and Mabel M, born Oct 12,\\n1^7 Mr. Miner believes in the principles of the Democratic\\nparty.\\nJohn Northwood. This gentleman is one of the most promi-\\nnent, energetic and enterprising citizens of Maple Grove tp.. as\\nwell as one of its pioneers. The parents of John Northwood were\\nWilliam, who was born April 11, 1809, in Shropshire, England,\\nand Mary, born in county of Norfolk, England, Aug. 29,1806.\\nThis family located on sec. 35 in November, 1851. They were\\nalmost the first settlers in the tp. limits, and were the first family\\nthat permanently settled within the borders of what is now known\\nas Maple Grove tp. Joseph Yoith, a single man, and his father,\\nhad preceded them, however, some 10 days. William Northwood\\ntook up 160 acres of land and immediately erected a log shanty\\n12x14. with a trough roof. Into this building he moved with his\\nfamily of wife and 2 children. This land was in its virgin state\\nand heavily timbered, and indeed the family were obliged to cut\\ntheir road through four and one-half miles of forest and underbrush\\nto reach their land on their first arrival. One hundred and twenty\\nacres of this first 160 has been improved by John Northwood,\\nand brought into a good state of cultivation. He has also added\\nto his possessions, so that now he owns 280 acres of land, 170 being\\nimproved and subject to the plow.\\nJohn Northwood, the subject of this sketch, was born at Addle\\nHill, St. Paul s Parish, London, England, July 17, 1838; from the\\nage of 4 to 11 years he attended the parish schools of the city of\\nLondon. In 1S49 his parents came from that city with their\\nfamily and located at Wellington, Lorain Co., Ohio, where they\\nremained for about one year, and then moved to New Hudson,\\nOakland Co., Mich.; but, not being satisfied with the new home,\\nafter about one year they went to Detroit, Mich. There they re-\\nmained until 1854. During all this time John Northwood had\\nbeen attending school whenever opportunity afforded, but soon\\nafter the family s arrival in Detroit, he, being in his 14th year and\\nstrong and hardy for his age, shipped as a cabin b: y on board of\\n53", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0867.jp2"}, "864": {"fulltext": "880 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nthe steamer Ruby. This boat ran between Detroit, Port Huron\\nand Goderich, Canada. He followed the lakes three years, and\\nthen came with his father s family when they located in Maple\\nGrove tp.\\nJan. 27, 1864, at Flushing, Genesee Co., Mich., he was married\\nto Miss Martha Packard, a native of Flushing, and daughter of\\nOrigen and Savillah (Hartsock) Packard, the former a native of\\nNew Hampshire and of English descent, and the latter from Penn-\\nsylvania, and of German ancestry. At 19 years of age Mr. North-\\nwood had the full charge of his father s family and endured all the\\nhardships of a pioneer life, not only in cutting and cleaning up the\\nforest, but in hundreds of other ways. He was obliged at different\\ntimes to pack provisions on his back from Flushing, a distance of\\n10 miles, as he had no team. The country being sparsely settled,\\nwith bad roads, etc., a team could hardly get through.\\nIn 1861, the war of the Rebellion having broken out, Mr. North-\\nwood entered the Union army as a private, enlisting in Co. C, 16th\\nMich. Vol. Inf. He served with this regiment up to and through\\nthe Peninsula campaign. He participated in the siege of York-\\ntown, battle of Hanover Court-House, and the seven days fight be-\\nfore Richmond. At Gaines Mills, June 27, 1862, he was wounded\\nin both arms by minie-balls, losing his strong right arm. He fell\\ninto the hands of the enemy at Savage Station, Va., June 30, and\\nwas by them confined in Libby prison for 26 days, when he was\\nexchanged. He then repaired to Philadelphia and entered a hos-\\npital, remaining until Aug. 18, 1862, when he was honorably dis-\\ncharged from the service. He immediately returned to Maple\\nGrove tp., and resumed the management of the farm.\\nMr. Northwood has always been a Republican, and has served\\nhis tp. in nearly all of its local offices. In 1863 he was elected\\nTown Clerk, and the same year was appointed by the Provost Mar-\\nshal of the 6th Congressional District, to the position of enrolling\\nofficer, with the rank of 2d Lieutenant. As such he enrolled the\\ntps. of Maple Grove, Chesaning, Brady, Chapin, Brant, St. Charles\\nand Fremont. Under this enrollment the apportionment of troops\\nwas made out to furnish men under the different calls of Presi-\\ndent Lincoln. In this capacity Mr. Northwood served until the\\nclose of the war. For the last 21 years Mr. Northwood has con-\\ntinuously held some office in the tp., among which have been Super-\\nvisor, Township Clerk, Justice of Peace, School Inspector and\\nConstable. Mr. N. has also acted as Notary Public for the past 14\\nyears. He has always taken a deep and earnest interest in the\\ncause of education, using his means and influence in promoting\\nthe same, and has acted as School Director for the past 14 years,\\nand continuously a school officer in his district since its organization\\nin 185S. Although Mr. N. is not a member of any Church, he has\\nalways given liberally of his means to support the gospel.\\nMr. Northwood and wife have a family of 2 children named as\\nfollows: Mary S., born Dec. 20, 1864, and John W. (an adopted", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0868.jp2"}, "865": {"fulltext": "MAPLE .i;o\\\\ E TOWNSHIP. 881\\nchild and his nephew) born June 3, 1S70. Mr. Northwood s mother\\nresides with him, and although 75 years of age is still active and\\nenjoying good health.\\nMr. North wood has the best-improved farm in the tp. He has\\na large two-story-and-ell frame house nicely painted, that cost cash\\nat least $1,500, built in 1873. It is surrounded by neat out-houses,\\nwhile the grounds are well kept and inclosed by a picket fence. In\\nL875 he erected a large and commodious stock and hay barn,\\nequaled by none in the tp. The place is a most attractive one, and\\nMr. X. is surrounded with everything that is calculated to make a\\nhuman being comfortable with all the necessities and many of the\\nluxuries of life. He is noted for his liberality toward those in\\nneedy circumstances; toward all that are worthy, he is ever ready\\nto extend a helping hand. He is held in high esteem by all who\\nknow him, both at home and abroad. His portrait is given on\\npage 877.\\nThomas M. JParmelee, third son of Thomas J. and Chloe A\\n(Atwill) Parmelee, was born in Palmyra, Lenawee Co., Sept. 29,\\n1M4. His parents were born in Rochester. N. Y., and of English\\ndescent, By occupation Thomas M. is a farmer. He was educated\\nin the common school of Palmyra; came to Flint, Genesee Co., in\\n1858; remained but a short time there, and removed to Maple\\nGrove the following year, and bought 60 acres of tine land on sec.\\n26. Mr. P. is one of the earliest settlers in Maple Grove and has\\ndone much for the improvement of the tp. He came here when\\nthe country was new and settled in the midst of a howling wilder-\\nness, and with the help of a very amiable and prudent wife he has\\nnow a tine farm, in a central location, under good cultivation, with\\nfine buildings. He was married March 24, 1870, to Sarah M.\\nWilliams, daughter of William and Hannah A. Williams, who was\\nborn in Victory, N. Y., Dec. 12, 1849. Out of 4 children they\\nstill have 3, all born in Maple Grove Emily I., July 4, 1871\\nPhoebe A., April 28, 1873; George M., April 23, 1878; Carrie A.,\\nApril 3, 1874, and died Oct. 30, 1S76. Mr. P. is a Republican, and\\nhas filled numerous tp. offices, among which are those of School\\nInspector four years and Constable 1 years.\\nGeorge Rolfe, farmer, sec. 33, was born at Great Milton. Oxford-\\nshire, Eng., Aug. 6. 1831. His parents are Edmund and Sarah\\nClayton) Rolfe. Mr. Rolfe came to the United States in the\\nspring of 1853, locating at Waterford, Oakland Co., Mich., and\\nin 1855 in this tp. He took up 160 acres of land under the gradu-\\nation act. He was one of the first settlers of the tp., and suffered\\nmany privations in clearing up his land, and making improve-\\nments. At one time he was a week in hauling 900 feet of lumber\\nfrom Flushing to his home. Mr. Rolfe is a Democrat, and a\\nmember of the Church of England. He was married March 16,\\n1863, to Martha, daughter of James V. and Nancy S. Judd. Of\\ntheir 2 children, 1 is living Lucy S., born Sept, 12, 1867. Mrs.\\nRolfe died March 30, 1875. He was again married, July 28, 1877,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0869.jp2"}, "866": {"fulltext": "882 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nto Hattie H., daughter of Erastus K. and Maria Totham, who was\\nborn at Clay, Onondaga Co., N. Y., May 14, 1853. They have 1\\nchild\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ichabod, born April 23, 1878.\\nGeorge ShoUer, first son of Nicholas and Barbara (Oswald) Shol-\\nler, was born in Baden, Germany, June 3, 1833. He emigrated to\\nCanada in 1852, and in 1859 to this tp., where he bought 60 acres of\\nland. He had to cut a road five miles through the timber to\\nhis house, and for two years carried his provisions seven miles on\\nhis back. On Nov. 18, l 862, he enlisted in Co. C, 7th Mich. Caw,\\nunder Capt. Darling. He was disabled at Meriden Hill, hy his\\nhorse throwing him, and was then transferred to the veteran corps,\\nfrom which he was honorably discharged Nov. 13, 1865. He was\\nmarried in Canada, April 25, 1855, to Elizabeth, daughter of\\nBenjamin and Mary Barnhart, who was born July 23, 1838. They\\nhave 9 children, all natives of Maple Grove tp. Mary A., born\\nJan. 13, 1860; Kebecca, born Aug. 12, 1866; Sarah, born Jan. 20,\\n1868; Adeline, born Nov. 28, 1869; George, born Oct. 5, 1872; Isa-\\nbella, born May 19, 1873; Laura, born Sept. 14, 1875; Clara E.,\\nbom Oct. 19, 1877, and Lucy M\u00e2\u0080\u009e born Nov. 8, 1880.\\nOrin L. Slade, second son of John P. and Esther (Trask) Slade,\\nwas born at Pennfield, Ontario Co., N. Y., Aug. 20, 1819. He\\nlocated in Montrose tp., Genesee Co., Mich., in 1855, where he\\npurchased 110 acres of land, lying on the line between this and\\nGenesee county. Mr. S. has worked at the carpenter s trade for 25\\nyears, but is chiefly engaged in agricultural pursuits, now owning\\n80 acres of excellent farm land. He was elected Justice of the\\nPeace for Montrose tp. in 1857, and has filled that position almost\\nevery year since. He was married March 1843, to Phoebe,\\ndaughter of Joseph and Polly Pettyes, who was born in Onondaga\\nCo., N. Y., Dec. 25, 1814. Two children have been given them\\nFranklin W., born in Erie Co., Pa., April 21, 1845, died in Gen-\\nesee Co., Mich., July 17, 1867; and Charles M., who was born near\\nBuffalo, N. Y., May 17, 1848. The latter was married in Maple\\nGrove tp., May 11, 1869. to Roxanna, daughter of Ephraim and\\nLenora Hoskins. They have 4 children, all born in Genesee Co.,\\nMich.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Eva May, born May 17, 1872; Ephraim L., born Jan. 8,\\n1874; Ernest M., born April 7, 1876; and Amy, born Feb. 10,\\n1878. Mr. Slade and his father, Orin L., own 140 acres of land in\\nMontrose tp., Genesee Co., and 80 acres in Maple Grove tp., Sagi-\\nnaw Co. Charles M. has been Constable three years and was\\nDeputy Sheriff two years. He is a Republican and a Free Mason.\\nAbram Smith, second son of David and Martha (Cable) Smith,\\nwas born at Worcester, Otsego Co., N. Y., Feb. 27, 1811. His\\nfather and mother were born atNorwalk, Conn., and are of English\\ndescent. Mr. S. learned the wagon-maker s trade, and worked at it\\nfor 20 years in Madison Co., N. Y. He was married at Madison,\\nN. Y., to Sarah A. Blakestae, who was born at New York city in\\nMarch, 1838. They have 4 children, all natives of Madison, N. Y.\\nMaria, Jared B., Elvira D. and Martha. He went to Saline,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0870.jp2"}, "867": {"fulltext": "maple grove township. 8S3\\nWashtenaw Co., Mich., in October, 1846, and remained there six\\nyears. He came to Maple Grove in 1857. He was one of the\\nearliest settlers in the tp., and endured a great many hardships\\nand privations during his early pioneer life. He now owns a\\nfine residence and 80 acres of land, situated on the northwest quar-\\nter of sec. 30. On locating here, himself and son (then a small\\nhoy nine years of age) cleared 45 acres. He had 2 sons in the\\narmy of the Rebellion, 1 of whom died in Sraithville Hospital\\nFeb. 22, L864. His wife died in September, 1870, and he was mar-\\nried again the following year, to Julia Henderson. They have\\nchild, born in Maple Grove tp., Nov. 30, 1872.\\nII! ram Toser, who owns 40 acres of good farm land, was born in\\nChautauqua Co., N. Y., Feb. 10, 1827; parents were David and\\nAnnie (Trask) Tozer, theformer a native of Keene Co., N. H., of\\nFrench descent, the latter of Welsh and English descent; subject\\nof sketch was a blacksmith for 30 years; in 1855 located at Flush-\\ning. Genesee Co., Mich., and in 1859 in Maple Grove tp., where he\\nbought a farm of 100 acres. On Jan. 1, 1864, he enlisted in Co.\\nA, 14th Mich. Cav., under Capt. Gage, of Saginaw, and was\\nwounded at Kenesaw Mountain by a shell; was discharged July\\n18, 18(55; was married July 4, 1847, to Mrs. Rebecca Lonnen,\\na daughter of F. Orvin; 2 children given them Hiram D., born\\nin Chautauqua Co.,N. Y., Sept. 11, 1850, and Harve} r born March\\n27, 1854.\\nPhilander Tozt son of David and Annie (Trask) Tozer, was\\nborn in Chautauqua Co., N. Y., in 1833. His father was a native\\nof New Hampshire, and his mother of Xew York; subject of\\nsketeli was a shoe and harness-maker for six years, since which he\\nhas been a tanner: on Sept. 2. 1862, he enlisted in Co. 7th Mich.\\nCav., under Capt. F. H. Darling; was taken prisoner July 1863,\\nami paroled after one month: was twice wounded, once in the\\nback of the neck, and was discharged Aug. 10, 1865; was married\\nSept. 2, 1862, to Sarah Ann. daughter of Thomas and Annie\\nHough, of Flushing. Genesee Co., Mich.; 3 children were given\\nthem Annie, born in Maple Grove tp.. Sept. 17, 1867; John B.,\\nborn Dec. 5, 1870; and Thomas, born April 27, 1*72; wife died\\nand was again married Nov. L9, l s 7 to Adeline, daughter of\\nRos well and Calista Hoskins; of their 2 children. 1 is living,\\nGrace A., who was born in Maple Grove tp., Oct. 17, 1 7 7\\nJosij /i Vbith, the pioneer settler of Maple Grove tp., and the\\nsecond Bon of Uridine and Walbuga (Nasz) Yoith. was born in\\nBavaria, Germany, March 10, 1832. He received only a limited\\neducation, and in L852 accompanied his parents to the United\\nStates, locating near Winchester. Ind. Mr. Yoith has always\\nbeen a farmer with the exception of a few months engaged in cop-\\nper mining at Eagle Harbor, in the Lake Superior region. His\\nparents gave him $400, and he arrived in Maple Grove tp., Oct,\\n22, 1864, with $300 in pocket. He purchased L60 acres of land\\nat L8J cents per acre, ii acres of which, he has improved; and it", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0871.jp2"}, "868": {"fulltext": "884 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nis now valued at $4,000. He built a small log hut in the timber,\\nand for 13 years lived alone, having never been married. He was\\nthe first permanent white settler in the tp., and was forced to cut\\na road six miles in length through the timber and swamps to get ac-\\ncess to civilization. On Feb. 24, 1865, he enlisted in Co. D, 6th\\nPeg. Mich. Heavy Artillery, under Capt. C. W. Stone. He was\\ndischarged at New Orleans, La., Aug. 20, 1865, and returned to\\nhis cabin in the timber in Maple Grove tp. His nephew, Frank\\nVoith, has lived with him for several years past. He was born\\nin Houghton Co., Mich., and is a son of John and Frederica\\n(Fleger) Voith. He received his education in the common schools\\nof Maple Grove tp. and Hazelton. He was reared on a farm, but\\nhas also learned the carpenter s trade and worked on railroad\\nbridges.\\nMr. Joseph Yoith has improved three farms from the stump, 60\\nacres on his own, 25 acres on George Henege s places, and 40 acres\\non Jacob Henege s place. Mr. Yoith is independent in politics,\\nand believes in voting for the best men. He voted for Fremont\\nand also for Lincoln, for President, but now rather favors the\\nDemocratic party. Mr. Voith has served his tp. in various offices,\\namong which was Justice of the Peace, Constable, etc. Mr. Voith\\nis a member of the Catholic Church; and helped to build the\\nchurch edifice in Maple Grove, and when finished, bought and\\npresented a fine church bell to the congregation.\\nWhen Mr. Voith first came here there were a good many Indi-\\nans, while bears, deer, wolves and other game were very abund-\\nant, and game was about the only fresh meat he had. He killed\\n10 bucks during the first year, but never killed a doe, although he\\nhad many opportunities. The mosquitoes were very numerous,\\nand he describes them as heing so thick as to be like clouds. Mr.\\nV. is a very quiet, industrious, strictly honest and neighborly\\nman, possessing those qualities that are calculated to make friends\\nwith all classes. He speaks of the Indians as being honest in\\ntheir dealings and not guilty of theft, as has been attributed to\\nthem. In an early day it was almost impossible to plant except\\non the knolls, water covering the ground until the first of June.\\nJohn Wolfe, son of Jacob and Polly (Leatherman) Wolfe, was\\nborn in Amherst, Erie Co., N. Y., Sept. 5, 1828. His father was\\nborn at Northumberland, Pa., Jan. 17. 1803, and his mother at\\nsame place, Nov. 20, 1805, both of German descent. He received\\nhis education in his native place, and came to Bay City, Saginaw\\nCo., Mich., in the spring of 1854. He was married at Lockport,\\nNiagara Co., N. Y., June 29, lS r2. to Mary, daughter of Joseph\\nand Angeline Boquett, who was born in Canada, near Montreal.\\nThey have 7 children Mortimer M., Jerome A., Henry J., Delia\\nB., Marion C, Clarence and Ray IT. Mr. Wolfe came to Maple\\nGrove tp. in April, 1868, and bought 80 acres of land on sec. 30.\\nHe sold that and afterward purchased 80 acres on the southeast\\nquarter of sec. 29. In politics he is a Democrat,\\nk", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0872.jp2"}, "869": {"fulltext": "MARION TOWNSHIP.\\nThis is the most recent addition to the commonwealth of the\\ncounty. Like Chapin township, just south of it, it is a fractional\\ntownship, and forms a Congressional township with the addition of\\n12 sections of the Lands of Gratiot county.\\nThe population in Jane, 1880, was only80; this number increased\\nduring the subsequent year to l 2*K and then is a prospect of an\\nannual increase for years to come. The first settlement met with in\\nthe township going west fromSt. Charles, is the Kernahan. So far\\nthe roads were very fair in June, L881; but beyond that point the\\nnominal highwayswere mere rivers of mud. The township is watered\\nby the sources of Bad river, Great and Little Potato creeks and num-\\nerous streamlets. The land is rich in all the constituents of soil,\\nheavily timbered with hard wood, and wrapped, as it were, in a\\ndense underwood. A new road is to be cut through to Chapin\\nthis year, and other improvements effected.\\nPerhaps there is no more extended records spread on the books\\nof the county than that which points out the organization of\\nMarion township. During the session of the board, Jan. 14, 1880,\\nthe application From the people of the western portion of Brant,\\nwas read, and referred to the committee on township organization.\\nThis committee reported as follows:\\nGentlemen Your committee, to whom was referred the application of Daniel\\nPaul and 15 freeholders of the township of Brant, praying that fractional town 10\\nnorth, of range one cast, he detached from the town of Brant, and that said town\\nnorth, of range oiie east, lie erected into a township to be known as the township\\nof Marion after due consideration would report in favor of granting the prayer\\nof the applicants, and recommended the adoption of the following preamble and\\nresolution, to wit\\nWhereas, It satisfactorily appeal s by affidavit thereto attached, that notice of\\nsuch application has been posted up in five of the most public places in said\\ntownship of Brant for four weeks next preceding aid application, and that the\\nsame has been duly published in tic- Business, a newspaper published in\\nsaid county, for the period of four week- immediately preceding the present ses-\\nsion f the Board of Supervisors of the county of Saginaw, as required by law:\\nnow therefore lie it\\nResolved, By the Board of Supervisors of the county of Saginaw, that town\\n10 north, of range one east, be. and is hereby erected in a township to 1 e called\\nand known by the name of Marion.\\nResolved, Thai the t i r t township meeting, of said township of Marion, shall be\\nholder] on the firsl Monday of April, 1880, at the house ofLoren A. Paul, and that\\nDaniel Paul, Daniel Welsh ami Malcolm Mclnnis, be, and they are hereby\\nappointed inspectors of said township meeting; w hose duty it shall be to preside at\\nBUCh nice! ini:, appoint a clerk, open ami keep the polls, and exercise thesame powers\\nas the inspectors of election- at any township meeting. That Daniel Paul be, and\\nis hereby appointed to posl up three notices, according to law, of the time and\\nplace of holding the firsl township meeting in said new township of Marion;\\nthat Daniel Paul post notices of registration, required by law, in three conspicu-\\nous places in said new township of Marion, and that the said Daniel Paul. Daniel\\nWelsh and Malcolm Mclnnis be, and they are hereby appointed the Board of\\n(885)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0873.jp2"}, "870": {"fulltext": "886 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nRegistration, and are required to take the constitutional oath before entering\\nupon the duties of Board ot Registration, and upon the election of the officers of\\nsaid township; the said oath so taken shall be filed with the Township Clerk\\nof Marion.\\nThis report was unanimously adopted.\\nTHE FIRST TOWNSHIP MEETING\\nwas held April 5, 1880, at the house of Daniel Paul, section\\n1, with Daniel Paul, Moderator; Thomas Kernohan, Clerk, and\\nDonald Welsh and Finlay Mclnnis, Inspectors of election.\\nThe following officers were elected Daniel Paul, Supervisor;\\nThomas Kernohan, Clerk; Finlay Mclnnis, Treasurer; Win.\\nCrittes, Win. Irwin, and Donald Welsh, Justices of Peace; John\\nB. Stewart, Road Commissioner; Isaac Hodson, Drain Commis-\\nsioner; Cyrus Fauble, School Superintendent; John B. Stewart,\\nSchool Inspector; Van Patten, Albert Northrop, Lorin Paul, Con-\\nstables.\\nThe second annual meeting was held at the house of William\\nCrittes, April 3, 1881; Mr. Paul presided. Thomas Kernohan\\nwas Clerk, and Henry Tolgate and Wm, Crittes were Inspectors of\\nelection. Daniel Paul was elected Supervisor; Henry Tolgate,\\nClerk; Thomas Kernohan, Treasurer; Dr. Gray, Justice of Peace;\\nGilbert Rhodes, Drain Commissioner; Van Patten, Road Com-\\nmissioner; William Crittes, School Superintendent; Charles Rector,\\nInspector; Rufus Himbley and Lorin A. Paul, Constables.\\nThere is only one school-house in the township. The school is\\ntaught by Miss Jenny Fauble. This school was started Nov. 22,\\n1880, in a log lumber shanty on the southeast quarter of section\\n26. The people purpose erecting a large frame building for school\\npurposes on the northeast quarter of section 35. The children\\nattending school at the beginning of 1881 were: Molly Fauble, John\\nFauble, Minnie Fauble, Edith and James Stewart, George, John,\\nand Arthur Crittes, Frederick Kernohan, Mary, Charles, Eva and\\nBertie Irwin, Cora Hoclson, Joseph and Ira Osborne, Miss Rector,\\nRolland Schneider, and Martha Snyder. The total number en-\\nrolled was 26.\\nThe principal manufacturing industry was projected in 1879, by\\nJohn B. Stewart, as a steam saw-mill. The concern is now operated\\nby Messrs. Barnum and Whitmore. It is located on section 21.\\nThere is also a portable saw-mill operated by Daniel Paul.\\nThere are no churches, nor is there an immediate prospect of\\nerecting a building specially for worship; the new school-house will\\nprobably be utilized as a house of worship.\\nThe settlers of Marion, still perpetuate in a great measure the\\nmanners and customs of pioneer days. Their motto is evidently,\\nEach for each, and all for all. They live in an atmosphere of\\ncontentment and happiness, leading the thinker to conclude that\\nthese enviable boons are conferred only on the white men of the\\nwilderness, the builders of the public good.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0874.jp2"}, "871": {"fulltext": "RICHLAND TOWNSHIP.\\nThis district of the county gives promise of equaling in its physi-\\ncal and social characteristics many of the older settled townships.\\nThe population in 1880 was estimated at 700, but within the year\\nwhich has since elapsed this number has met with many additions.\\nLarge clearances have been made, new homes erected, and the\\nperiod of its greatest advancement entered upon. June 7, 1881,\\nwas the steam saw-mill of Smith McMann s started at Hem-\\nlock City. It is the intention of the proprietors to add flonring-\\nmill machinery at an early date. These, with kindred industries,\\nwhich may spring up in the near future, will add to the prosperity\\nof the township, and tend to hasten its development. The village\\nknown as Hemlock City is located in the western center of section\\n28. At present there are a postoffice, two stores, a commodious\\nhotel, a steam saw-mill, and 25 dwelling-houses in the\\nvillage. With the development of its agricultural resources Hem-\\nlock City will grow in importance, and perhaps form one of the\\nleading municipalities in the county.\\nThe township of Richland was organized under authority given\\nby the Board of Supervisors Jan. 8, 1862. At that period it em-\\nbraced the following territory: Town 12 north, of range 1 east, and\\ntown 12 north, of range 2 east. The order was that this territory is\\nhereby erected into a township to be called and known by the name\\nof the township of Richland; the first annual township meeting\\nthereof shall beheld at the school-house in district number 5, in\\nsection 22, town 12 north, of range 2 east, on the first Monday in\\nApril, 1802; and at said meeting Thomas A. Porter, Lemuel Cone\\nand William McBratnie, three electors of said township, shall be\\nthe persons whose duty it shall be to preside at such meeting.\\nThe first township election was held April 7, 1862, in the school-\\nhouse of district number 5, section 22. T. A. Porter, L. Cone and\\nWni; McBratnie were Inspectors of election. The last-named was\\nModerator; James .V. Wiltsie, Clerk, and Frederick Field, Con-\\nstable. William McBratnie was elected Supervisor; T. A. Porter,\\nClerk; Geo. Brown, Treasurer; D. L. Cole and Frederick Field,\\nJustices of the Peace. The Treasurer elect failed to file his county\\nbond within the allotted time, when Andrew McBratnie was ap-\\npointed to that position. The total amount of taxes for 18*52 was\\n$1,409.60, and of expenditures $1,399.80. The list of township\\nofficers from organization to the present time is as follows:\\n(887)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0875.jp2"}, "872": {"fulltext": "sss\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nWm. McBratnie 1862- 3\\nThomas A. Porter 1864\\nE. C.Curtis 1864\\nH. D. Smith 1865\\nT. A Porter 1866 9\\nJoseph Porter 1870\\nJoseph Lewis 1871\\nHenry D. Smith 1872\\nT. A. Porter 1873\\nJohn McMullen 1874\\nJoseph Porter 187o- 6\\nGeo. W. Carson 1877 8\\nJ. B. Johnson 1879\\nGeo. W. Carson 18K0\\nCLERKS.\\nT.A.Porter 1862\\nJohn McMullen 1863-D\\nJacob King 1870 -T\\nJames Henry Ib72\\nJ. D. Brown 1873\\nJedd Bennett 1874- 6\\nWm. McBratnie 1877- 9\\nL. Rienehart 1880\\nTREASURERS.\\nGeorge Brown 1862\\nFred. Fitting 1863- 6\\nAndrew McBratnie 1867\\nH. D. Smith 1868 9\\nEdmund A. Reeve 1870-T\\nA. C. Fitting 1872- 3\\nV infield S. Cone 1874\\nAug. C Fitting 1875\\nJames Henry 1876- 7\\nLevi G. Whitney 1878 80\\nJUSTICES OF THE PKACE.\\nD. L. Cole, Fred. Field 1862\\nE. C. Curtis, Gilbert Smith 1863\\nMahlon M. Bounting, D. S. Cole. .1864\\nAndrew McBratnie 1866\\nGilbert Smith 1867\\nJames M. Frost, David Slratton, J.\\nB. Johnson 1868\\nPatrick O Connor 1870\\nD. S. Cole, A. T. Cooper 1871\\nJacob King 1872\\nPatrick O Connor 1873\\nJames Henry, T. A. Porter 1874\\nPatrick O Connor 1875\\nJacob King, H. L. Johnson 1876\\nWalter D. Pettit 1877\\nAugust. C. Fitting, Civilian Phelps,\\nArgalus T. Cooper 1878\\nAugust C. Fitting 1880\\nThe present officers are Geo. W. Carson, Supervisor; Joseph H.\\nWhitney, Clerk; Jedd Bennett, Treasurer; Winfield S. Cone,\\nHighway Commissioner; A. L.Carver, School Superintendent; Jas.\\nB.Johnson, School Inspector; Walter D. Pettit, Henry Beamish,\\nAlonzo T. Hodges, Justices of the Peace; G. W. Pettit and Isaac\\nWilliams, Constables.\\nSCHOOLS AND CHURCHES.\\nThere are one fractional and six full school districts in the town-\\nship, each in possession of a frame school-building. The school\\ncensus gives 252 children, 164 of whom attended school during the\\nyear 1880. The school property is valued at $3,300. The num-\\nber of teachers employed is nine. The expenditure for 1880 was\\n$1,569.38.\\nThe people generally profess hristianity. However varied in\\nform these professions may be, all have studied to live together in\\npeace and banish from their midst the demon of bigotry. The\\nGerman Lutherans possess one church building the only duly", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0876.jp2"}, "873": {"fulltext": "RICHLAND TOWN8HIP. S89\\ndedicated house of worship in the township. The land upon which\\nthe church stands was presented t the Lutheran Society by Fred-\\nerick Fitting.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nIn the following personal sketches, the principal settlers of this\\nsection of the county are noticed:\\nHenry Bemish, was born at Rochester, N. Y., in 1880; is a son\\nof Thomas and Elizabeth (Conklin) Bemish; natives of Ireland,\\nwho came to Rochester about L819, and went into the grocery\\nbusiness, which they continued for several years. His mother\\ndied there in 1834, and his father came to Michigan in 1838 and\\nsettled where East Saginaw now stands. He died at Pine Run and\\nwas buried there. The subject of this sketch came to Michigan in\\n1838 and settled at Saginaw, with his father, and remained there\\nseveral years, and made occasional trips back to New York. In\\n1855 he settled in Thomastown, and there followed farming and\\nlumbering, being 13 years with one firm. He came to Richland\\nin 187 s and boughtthe hotel which he now occupies. He was married\\nin Saginaw City, Nov. 27, 1853, to Delia Irish, a native of Oak-\\nland county. They had 5 children in all, 4 of whom are living\\nNorman T who married Nellie E. Lewis, and resides at Hemlock:\\nWm. F.. Henry. Edward (deceased) and Edwin. While in\\nThomastown he was Commissioner five years, Justice of the Peace\\ntwo years. Road-master about seven years, and since being in\\nRichland was Commissioner and Constable three years, which\\noffice beholds at the present time. Mr. Bemish is an old settler\\nand prominent man, keeping the only hotel in Hemlock City,\\nsituated on the business street, and forms a prominent feature of\\nthe city.\\nGeo. W. Carson was born in Ohio in 1826, a son of Samuel and\\nElizabeth (Willoughby) Carson, of Irish and Welsh descent. They\\nboth died in Seneca Co Ohio. Mr. Carson was brought up\\nthere and received his education. While living there he followed\\nfarming and also worked at his trade of carpenter and joiner eight\\nyears: was also a dealer in stock for five years. Arriving in Mich-\\nigan. Jan. 17. 1866, he settled in Saginaw county, tp. of Brady,\\nand bought a farm of 160 acres, but now consisting of 80 acres.\\nHe also owns village property at Chesaning. He was first married\\nFeb. L852, in Ohio to Martha Moore, a native of that State,\\nwho died May 1873, in Brady tp. She left 4 children lohn\\nF., Rosa E., who married Eegrand Sanderson, residing in this tp.\\nOeo. 15. and Martha. He was married again, November, L8t5,\\nat Chesaning, to Mrs. Catharine A. Crane, a native of Canada.\\nThey have 1 child Effte. Mr. (arson was Supervisor in Brady\\ntwo years, and lour years in this tp. During the war he enlisted\\nin Co. 1 4th Ohio Regiment, Home Guards, and was stationed\\nat Washington Heights, and at Johnson Island: served in all about", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0877.jp2"}, "874": {"fulltext": "890\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nL20 days. He lias been an active member of the Free-Will Bap-\\ntist Church 20 years, and is preaching at present at Hemlock City.\\nDuring his life he has been Republican in his political views.\\nLemuel Cone is a native of Vermont, here he was born in 1800.\\nHis father and mother, Lemuel and Dolly (Parker) Cone, are\\nnatives of Scotland and came to America the year before the Revo-\\nlution, and died in New York State. During the war of 1812 he\\nenlisted, at the age of 13 years, and served till the close of the\\nwar. He was also in the Black Hawk war in 1832, and served till\\nits close. Being wounded there, he has carried a ball in his body\\never since. After the war he went to Ohio and was farming there\\nfor 15 to 20 years, when he came to Michigan and first settled in\\nMonroe county, and then in Shiawassee county, after which he\\ncame to Saginaw county and settled in what was then called Sag-\\ninaw tp., but afterward had the honor of naming it Rich-\\nland tp. In 1854 he bought 160 acres of land of the Gov-\\nernment, but did not settle till 1857, when, with his brother, Mar-\\ntin Cone, who also took 160 acres, he began the first clearing in\\nthat tp.\\nMr. Cone was married four times. His first wife was Elizabeth\\nTyler, a native of Ohio, by whom he had 1 children, only 1 of\\nwhom is living Malinda, who married Bamett Putnam, a resident\\nof Shiawassee county. His second marriage was to Sarah Rice.\\nFive children were born of this marriage, but only 2 are living\\nWilliam, the oldest, who married Rebecca Cole; and Winfield,\\nwho resides in the place. Since he has been in the tp. he has\\nmost of the time held some office, one of the positions being that\\nof Highway Commissioner. Mr. Cone has done well by each of\\nhis children, giving them a good start in life. During the Mex-\\nican war, where he served three years, he was a Lieutenant, and\\nat one time had charge of a company. He was in the battle of\\nMexico under Generals Scott and Taylor.\\nGeorge Dwngey was born in England, March 5, 1820, a son\\nof George and Maria (Kerwin) Dungey. His father died there\\nin 1861, and his mother in Upper Canada in 1872. He\\nwas brought up in England and lived there until he was 19\\nyears of age, when he went to Canada, where he remained about\\n*J. years, engagec\\nin farming.\\nIn 1869 he came to Michigan\\nand settled at Hemlock City, and was there six years, working\\nin a saw-mill and on plank roads. In 1875 he bought his present\\nfarm, consisting of 80 acres, with 50 improved. On April 7, 1851,\\nhe was married in Canada to Mary Glewa, a native of Quebec,\\nand they have 9 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 James, Hannah, William, Maria,\\nGeorge, Walter, Mary J., Jemima and Freeman. Hannah is the\\nwife of Eli Wells, of Vestaburg, Mich., and Maria is the wife\\nof Emmet Parks, of this county.\\nFriedrich Fifing was born in Germany in 1819. His father and\\nmother, Christian and Louisa (Drahger) Fiting, died there. He\\nwhs brought up and received his education in the father-land.\\nLearning the trade of wagon-maker, he worked at it 20 years.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0878.jp2"}, "875": {"fulltext": "RI( BLAND TOWNSHIP. 891\\nwhen, iii 1856, In- came with his family to America and landed\\nin New York city, and from there lie went to Buffalo, where\\nbe remained two nths; then he came to Saginaw Co., Mich.,\\nand located inThomastown for three years. While there he bought\\nhis present farm before moving upon it, then consisting of 240\\nacres. Mr. Fiting was one of trie oldest settlers here, and made\\nall the improvements himself, together with his sons. Jn L842\\nhe was married to Regine Zafel, and they have 3 children Wil-\\nhelmina, who married Fritz Simon, a resident of Saginaw City:\\nAugust and has. II. The 2 latter sons are living on the\\nplace, together with their families. August 0. married Christine\\nKastorf, a native of Germany, and there are 4 children in his\\nfamily Anna, Louisa, Fritz and Lydia, all being at home.\\nCharles was married to Antonie Bunterbart, a resident of this\\ntp. They have 2 children. John and Charles, also living at\\nhome. They are a prominent family of the tp. The old gentleman\\nwas Treasurer for six years and School Assessor 20 years. August\\nhas been Justice of the Peace three years, and is now elected for\\nanother term; also was Treasurer and School Director the former\\nfour years and the latter 12 years. Charles, the youngest son, is\\nnow holding the office of Moderator. One remarkable fact is that\\nthe entire family live and act as one, all owning land together, and\\nhave now increased it to 500 acres, 200 of which is improved.\\nAugust has a residence directly across from the homestead, and\\nwith his family is working for home interest. They were the\\nprincipal operators in the erection of a German church, which is\\nlocated in sec. 14, near at hand, the only one west of Saginaw in this\\ncounty.\\nO. B. Hale, M. D., is a native of Mansfield, Ohio, where he\\nwas born in 1840. His parents are A. B. and Eliza (Conklin)\\nHale, natives of Livingston Co., N. Y. They came to Ohio in 1831,\\nand settled at Mansfield. Mr. Hale resided there until 1854, then\\nwent to Cuyahoga Co., where he received his education at Berea,\\ngraduating there. His medical education he received in Cincin-\\nnati, at the Eclectic Medical College, where he graduated with\\nhonors, beginning his regular practice at Cincinnati in 1864. From\\nthere he went to Dayton, where he practiced five years. Mr. Hale\\nhas traveled a great deal over different parts of the country, practic-\\ning his profession part of the time, visiting Mitz, Indiana, Otsego,\\nFremont, Ohio, and finally coming to Lenawee county, this State,\\nand then to Saginaw county. During his stay here he served three\\nyears as a Methodist minister; has also served as a minister at dif-\\nferent places in connection with his practice. He settled at Hem-\\nlock City in August, L880, and has a large practice. He was mar-\\nried in 1863, in Huron Co., Ohio, to Jennie Yenable. a native of\\nNew York State, who died Feb. 2, 1881, and was buried at Hem-\\nlock. She leaves 4 children Alton B., John P., Ord and Lena.\\nDuring the war Mr. Hale enlisted at Norwalk, Ohio, where he\\nraised a company and received a Captain s commission from Gov.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0879.jp2"}, "876": {"fulltext": "892 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTodd, of Ohio; was at the close of the battle of Shiloh; at the bat-\\ntle of Cheat Mountain and the siege of Corinth.\\nJoseph B. Johnson was born in Lockport, Niagara Co. N. Y.,in\\n1836. He is a son of Albert G. and Lucy T. (Nelson) Johnson.\\nHis father is now living in Niagara county, and his mother died\\nin 1845 at that place. He received his education there, following\\nfanning till he was 23 years of age. Leaving New York in April,\\n1850, he located in East Saginaw, where he remained about three\\nyears, following the carpenter and joiner s occupation, also run-\\nning engines in various saw-mills. In 1861 he began boring for\\nsalt wells, which he followed at different times for a number of\\nyears. At Bloomington, III., he put down a coal well in 1863,\\nand in 1865 put down oil wells in Ohio and Pennsylvania, and in\\n1870 an artesian well at Chicago. His present place he bought in\\n1860, but did not move upon it till the fall of 1863. He built his\\nhouse himself. His farm contains 140 acres. He was married at\\nSouth Bay City in 1862 to Lucinda A. Bennett, of Cattaraugus Co.,\\nN. Y. They have 2 children living Orson B. and Arthur D.\\nMr. Johnson at present holds the office of School Inspector, Di-\\nrector and Overseer of Highways; was also Justice of the Peace\\neight years.\\nDaniel Kennelly was born in Ireland in 1826. His father and\\nmother were Jeremiah Kennelly and Julia, nee Hickey. They left\\nIreland in June, 1847, and settled in Canada, where they remained\\n16 years, following farming. They then came to Michigan in\\n1865, and remained at East Saginaw one year, when they went to\\nSwan Creek, and bought each of their 3 children 80 acres of land.\\nHis mother died in Canada, and his father at Swan Creek. They\\nhad 10 children, 8 of whom are living Daniel, Timothy, Dennis,\\nJohanna, Mary, James, Jeremiah and Julia. Daniel, the subject of\\nthis sketch, was married in Canada, February, 1854, to Eliza\\nO Brien, a native of Ireland. They have 8 children living Julia,\\nCatharina, Timothy, Jeremiah, Johanna, Sarah, Dennis and Mary.\\nJulia was married to Alleck McLavish a resident of Saginaw\\nCity, and Catharina to William O. Grady, residing in Thomastown.\\nMr. Kennelly has held the office of School Moderator for the last\\nthree terms.\\nJoseph Lewis was born in Niagara Co., N. Y., in 1826; son of\\nOliver Lewis and Lucy Avery, natives of Vermont. His father\\ndied Feb. 17, 1861, in Newfane, Niagara Co., and his mother died\\nin June, 1862, at the same place. Receiving his education there,\\nwhere he was brought up, he engaged in farming till he was 41\\nyears old, when, in 1867, he came to Michigan, and located in Rich-\\nland tp.,this county, where, buying his present farm, he has resided\\never since. At the breaking out of the war, he enlisted in the 12th\\nIndependent Battery, at Lockport, Niagara Co., November, 1861,\\nserving three years and a half, till the close of the war. He was\\nin the battle of the Wilderness, siege of Petersburg, and smaller\\nengagements. In October, 1849, he was married to Julia A.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0880.jp2"}, "877": {"fulltext": "RICHLAND TOWNSHIP. 893\\nBrown, before coming to Michigan, and they have 2 children liv-\\ning Nettie E., who married Norman Bemish,a resident of Hem-\\nlock City, and Carrie A., residing at home. Mr. Lewis has been a\\nmember of the M. E. Church 32 years, and is one of the most sub-\\nstantial citizens of the tp.\\nPeter Lunney was born in Halton Co., Canada, in 1852, a son of\\nHough Lunney and Ann, nee Noble. At 17 years of age, he moved\\nto Saginaw county, and settled at Hemlock City. His mother is\\nnow living at Vestaburg, Montcalm Co., where she owns a house\\nand lot. He was in the employ of Henry Co., manufacturing\\nshingles, for eight years. Then he moved to his present place, con-\\ntaining SO acres of land, 30 improved. Mr. Lunney was mar-\\nried in 1874, at Hemlock City, to Emma J. Perkins, a resident of\\nthis tp. They have 3 children Nelly, James and Gertie. For\\none year Mr. Lunney was Tp. Treasurer. He is at present\\nSchool Director, which office he has held three years. Has also\\nbeen a school-teacher for two terms in this district, and he is one\\nof the prominent men in Richland tp. His farm is situated in\\none of the most desirable parts of the tp., which now presents a\\nfine appearance.\\nWm. McBratnie is a native of Scotland, where he was born in\\n1834; is a son of John McBratnie and Ann Christison, natives also\\nof Scotland. Mr. McBratnie came to America in 1851, and located\\nin Saginaw Co., at Thomastown. In 1859 he came to Richland and\\nremained five years, and then was in Thomastown again nine years,\\nand then resided in Saginaw City nearly two years. While there, he\\nwas sick a great deal of the time. In 1874 he came to Hemlock\\nCity, and opened his present business on the main street, and has\\na full line of dry-goods, groceries, etc., in fact, a general store; and\\nby industry and strict attention to business he has gained for him-\\nself the trade of the surrounding country. His sto/e, having the\\npostoffice of Hemlock City, makes it very convenient for all. Since\\nMr. McBratnie began in business, it has been steady, and increasing\\nyearly. In 1877 he received the appointment from the Govern-\\nment as Postmaster, which office lie retains at the present time.\\nHe was the first Supervisor in the tp. in 1862- 3; was also Treasurer\\nof Thomastown three years, Supervisor four years at different times,\\nand Clerk two years, being at present Notary Public of this tp., and\\nhas been for the past four years; also Justice of the Peace and School\\nDirector.\\nHe was married in May, 1862, to Armanda M. Cone, daughter\\nof Lemuel Cone, this marriage being the first in the tp. Mrs.\\nMcBratnie also taught the first school in the tp. They have no\\nchildren of their own, but have 2 which they have adopted, Lemuel\\nParker and Bessie Moulton. He was connected with the Agricult-\\nural Society of Saginaw Co., being in 1874 elected Secretary, which\\noffice beheld three years; he also acted on the Executive Committee\\nfor 10 years, and was appointed Chairman of the first meeting of\\nthe societv held at East Saginaw.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0881.jp2"}, "878": {"fulltext": "894 HISTOEY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nCivilian Phelps was born in New York in 1834, a son of David\\nand Hero (Emerson) Phelps. His father is now living in Jefferson\\nCo., N. Y., and his mother died there some years ago. Mr. Phelps\\nwas brought up and received his education there; he spent his\\nearly daj 7 s on a farm, which occupation he followed, together with\\nteaching school. After the war broke out, in 1862, he enlisted at\\nWatertown, in Co. A, 10th N. Y. Artillery, and served three\\nyears. He was in the battle of Petersburg, and stationed in Vir-\\nginia and Maryland. In 1865 lie was united in marriage in Ver-\\nmont, with Miss Martha S. White, a native of that State, and they\\nhave 1 child living, Edward C. He came to Michigan in 1873,\\nand located in Richland tp., on sec. 10, where he owns a fine farm\\nof 80 acres, 35 of which are improved. On their coming here the\\nentire family was taken down with small-pox, which took away 1\\nchild. Ida May, who is buried in the place. The house, clothing\\nand furniture had to be burned to satisfy the authorities, leaving\\nthem with scarcely anything; but by hard labor and perseverance\\nthey made the little home in which they are now living. A fine\\norchard and vineyard are on the place, which they have under cul-\\ntivation. Mr. Phelps has been Superintendent of the Schools for\\nthree years, and is now serving his third term as Justice of Peace.\\nHis father is 85 years of age, and was in the war of 1812, and\\nfought at Sackett s Harbor, for which he draws a pension. He\\nstill continues to labor on the farm.\\nBen Smith was born in Greene Co., N. Y. in 1836; is a son of\\nHarinan Smith and Leva, r^eTuttle, natives of N. Y. Bsn resided\\nin Ohio 16 years, 27 years in Fond dn Lac Co., Wis. Mr. Smith\\nhas traveled through a great many States, and at the age of 16\\nyears was sailing on the lakes. When the war broke out he en-\\nlisted at Detroit in Co. H, 1st Mich. Cav., in which he served\\nthree years and was discharged. He immediately re-enlisted atPon-\\ntiac, and served about 11 months. He was in the battles of\\nthe Wilderness, second Bull Run, Harper s Ferry and Winchester,\\nunder Gen. Sheridan, also other engagements of a lighter nature.\\nMr. Smith was married Feb. 12, 1871, to Lydia E. Campbell, and\\nhad 1 child, Rosa; his wife died Dec. 7, 1874. He married again\\nApril 28, 1875, Mrs. Margaret Thompson, a native of New York.\\nThey have 1 child of their own, Leva M., named after Mr.\\nSmith s mother. He has been in Richland tp. since 1870, and has\\nbeen Drain Commissioner 10 years; also member of the School\\nBoard. The farm which he occupies contains 40 acres, well\\nimproved.\\nHenry D. Smith was born in New York in 1827. He is a son\\nof Levi and Sally (Higgins) Smith, natives of that State. They\\ndied in Wyoming county. Mr. Smith was brought up on a farm,\\nand followed the occupation of a farmer part of the time. He is\\na carpenter and joiner by trade and worked at it in connection with\\na saw-mill, which he ran for 12 years. He came to Saginaw in\\n1862, where he remained but a short time, when he bought a farm", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0882.jp2"}, "879": {"fulltext": "RICHLAND TOWNSHIP. 895\\njusl cast of Hemlock City, which he worked for L2 years. Finally\\nhe bought his present farm west^of Hemlock, where lie now resides\\nSince he has been in the county he has worked at his trade at\\ndifferent times to a good advantage. On Nov. 7, 1845, in Wyo-\\nming county, he was married to Mercy .1. Dunbar, who died there\\nin L854, leaving 2 children Eugene and Rudell. He was married\\nagain in February, L856, to Mary Frimer, and to them 5 children\\nwere born\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Orelia, Augustus, Minerva, Elmer and Elsie. Mrs.\\nSmith died in 1S73, and again the family was left without a wife\\nand mother. Being a prominent man in Richland tp. Mr. Smith\\nhas been its Supervisor for three years, Treasurer two years and\\nEEighwayCommissioner two years.\\nPatrickWelchw B borD.m Oneida Co., NT. Y.,in 1843, asonofPat-\\nrickand Margaret (Mulroy) Welch, both natives of Ireland. They\\nsettled in Xew York in 1840 there they remained three years, and\\nthen went to Canada were there till 1872, when they came to Sag-\\ninaw county and settled in Richland tp., where they own 80 acres ot\\nland. They were married in Ireland in 1839, and now have 7\\nchildren James, Patrick, Bridget, Margaret, Maria, John and\\nThomas. Patrick, the subject of this sketch, was married at Sag-\\ninaw City in May, 1872, to Margaret Burns, a native of Canada.\\nThey have 4 children John, Elizabeth, Francis and Margaret, all\\nresiding at home. Mr. Welch owns 80 acres in his farm, and is\\na leading citizen of the tp. At one time he held the Commissioner s\\noffice for one year.\\n54", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0883.jp2"}, "880": {"fulltext": "SPALDING TOWNSHIP.\\nThis division of the county was organized by order of the Board\\nof Supervisors Dec. 30, 1858, and the first meeting held April 5,\\n1859. The following described territory formed the township:\\nSection 36, and the east part of section 36 in town 12 north, of\\nrange 4 east; the east part of section 2; the east part of section 10;\\neast part of section 9; east part of section 8; east part of section 17,\\niyingeastward of the Shiawassee river; the south part of section 18;\\nall that part of section 19 lying east of the Flint river; all that part\\nof sections 30 and 31 lying east of said Flint river; all that part of sec-\\ntions 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36 lying north of said Flint river; entire sec-\\ntions 1, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29,\\nbeing in town 11 north, of range 4 east; also east part of sections\\n13 and 24, lying east of the forks of Shiawassee and Flint rivers in\\ntown 11 north, of range 3 east.\\nThe first meeting was held at the school building near A. L.\\nGriffith s dwelling house, the first Monday of April, 1859, with\\nAaron K. Penny, Phineas Spalding and Jesse H. Quackenbush,\\nInspectors of Election. The officers chosen at this meeting were:\\nJesse H. Quackenbush, Supervisor; Aaron K. Penny, Clerk; Hor-\\nace Hubbard, Treasurer; H. B. Hubbard, Win. Need ham and\\nPhineas Spalding, Justices of the Peace.\\nThe following roll of township officials since organization if taken\\nfrom the town records:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nJ. H. Quackenbush 1859-62\\nJohn Barter 1863\\nMyndert W. Quackenbush. .1864-5\\nMilton B. DeLand 1866\\nPerry Carter 1867-9\\nMilton B. DeLand 1870\\nJohn Barter 1871\\nJesse H. Quackenbush 1872\\nJohn Barter 1873-9\\nJoseph Armstrong 1880\\nJohn Barter 1881\\nCLERKS.\\nAaron K. Penny 1859\\nCharles F. Leasia 1860\\nJesse H. Quackenbush 1861\\nAaron Linton 1862\\nLuther E. Allen 1863\\nPhilip V. M. Botsford 1864-6\\nThomas Champlin 1867\\nRobert G. Hoper 1868\\nRobert G Stoper 1869\\nHerman Blankerts 1870\\nOoriver I. Davison 1871-2\\nDallas M. Pendelton 1873-4\\nJohn Loomis 1875-7\\nPerry Carter 1878-9\\nJohnF. Hill 1880\\nGeorge W. Wright 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nHorace Hubbard 1859-62\\nThomas Needham 1863-4\\nPerry Carter 1865-6\\nCharles Moeller 1867\\nA. Grohmann 1869-70\\nHerman Blankerts 1871\\nPatrick A. O Donnell 1872\\nCharles L. Lull 1873-4\\nDallas M. Pendelton 1875-9\\nSebastian Koerner 1880-1\\n(896)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0884.jp2"}, "881": {"fulltext": "SPALDING TOWNSHIP.\\n897\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nHorace B. Hubbard 1859-\\nWilliam Needham 1859-\\nPhineas Spalding 1859-\\nBenjamin Shattuck 1860-\\nJohu Barter 1861\\nAaron Linton 1861-\\nJacob Baldwin (to till vacancy). 1862\\nCastle Southerland 1 863-\\nDugal Mclntyre 1863-\\n1 tagalJMcIntyre (to till vacancy) 1864\\nCharles P. Leasia ..1865-\\nDaniel D. Barney 1865\\nLevi lark 1866-\\nAnthony Gi ohmann 867\\nMynderl W. Quackenbush (to\\nnil vacancy) 1867\\nDugal Mclntyre 1868-\\nWallace Carter 1869-\\nJamea B.Terry (to rill vacancy). 1869\\nHenry II. Bradley (to rill va-\\ncancy) 1869\\nHenry M. Youmans 1870-3\\nH. H. Bradley (to fill vacancy).. 1870\\nSteven B. Allen 1871-4\\nJoseph Broghten 1871-2\\nDugal Mclntyre 1873-5\\nDennis Redmond 1872-4\\nCharles L. Lull 1873-6\\nSebastian Koerner 1873-9\\nValentine Simon (to till va-\\ncancy) 1874-7\\nJohn Loomis 1874\\nJohn Barter 1875-8\\nJohn Musiner (to fill vacancy).. 1875\\nJ. E. Packard ..1876-9\\nGeorge Dallas 1877-80\\nGeorge Wright 1878-81\\nJ. W. Messner (to fill vacancy). 1879-82\\nSamuel J. Deiter ....1880-3\\nFrancis J. Cole 1881-4\\nS.J. Deiter (to fill vacancv) 1881\\nTHE SCHOOLS.\\nThe western sections of the township are unorganized. The dis-\\ntricts are known as No. 2 and No. 3, the latter comprising the 11\\nsouthern sections with the south half of sections 21, 22, and 23.\\nDistrict No. 2 comprises the northern half of these and section 25,\\nall sections 24, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 10, with portions of 9 and 11.\\nGeorge Wright is director of No. 2, and Francis J. Cole of No. 3\\ndistrict. No. 2 has 46 children of school age; one school-house,\\nframe, which with ground is valued at $750; one teacher; total\\niv- urces for the year. $423; and total expenditures, $414. No.\\n3 has 62 children of school age; one school-house, a frame, worth\\n$T00; one teacher; resources for the year. \u00c2\u00a7449, and expenditures\\nthe same.\\nkesourci ss.\\nThe population of the township, as shown in the census returns\\nof 1880, is 413. That its agricultural and mineral resources will be\\nfully developed within a short period, is to be reasonably supposed.\\nOf the 15,S60 acres of land in the township there is comparatively\\nlittle under cultivation. With the increase of cultivated lands,\\nthe population will increase and reach the full number which the\\nland is capable of sustaining.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nThe remaining portion of the history of Spalding township\\nconsists of personal sketches of several of its most prominint citi-\\nzens, which we here give:\\nJoseph Armstrong, farmer, sec. 24, was born near Dublin, Ire-\\nland, Sept. 11. 1829; parents, Robert and Julia Armstrong; settled", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0885.jp2"}, "882": {"fulltext": "898 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nat London, Canada, in June, 1832, where the father died in August,\\n18 and the mother 20 years later; subject went to St. Clair Co.,\\nMich., in 1812, and engaged in lumbering; was in the employ of\\nN. Holland Co., of Buffalo, N. Y. (formerly known as Sears\\nHolland, East Saginaw), for 19 years, and represented the 5th\\nward of East Saginaw in the Common Council in 1861; enlisted in\\nCo. Iv, 2d Mich. Cav., and was an uncommissioned officer for some\\ntime; was discharged Sept. 2, 1861; settled on present farm of\\n80 acres, in April, 1ST9; is a Royal Arch Mason and a Republican;\\nwas married Feb. 4, 1852, to Eliza J. Belknap; they have 3 chil-\\ndren Fanny, wife of Watson Boyden, born Feb. 28, 1853; Eve-\\nline, wife of Frank W. Wheeler, born Sept. 28, 1855, and Byron,\\nborn Oct. 28, 1857; subject and wife are faithful members of the\\nM. E. Church.\\nJohn Barter, a prominent pioneer of Saginaw county, was born\\nin Somersetshire, Eng., Aug. 22, 1825. His parents, James and\\nLeah (Edgar) Barter, came to Montreal, Canada, when he was\\nthree years old, where his father was engaged in mercantile trade\\nfor three years. He then removed to London, Ontario, and pur-\\nsued farming until his death, which occurred Oct. 20, 1865.\\nMrs. Barter died at Montreal, Sept. 24, 1834. Mr. Barter came to\\nSaginaw City in 1850, and followed his trade of millwright until\\n1858, when he removed to his present farm. He is a Republican;\\nhas been Justice of the Peace 12 years, Drain Commissioner six\\nyears, and Supervisor 14 years, serving his 8th year as Chair-\\nman of that body. On July 30, 1879, he was appointed agent of the\\nState Board of Charities, by Gov. John J. Bagley. Mr. Barter was\\nmarried Jan. 1, 1854, to Mary Spalding, the first white child\\nborn in Spalding tp.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 date, .rune 15, 1837. Her parents were\\nPhineas and Belinda Spalding, natives of New Hampshire: father\\nborn Aug. 25, 1804; mother, May 31, 1811, Windsor, Yt. They\\nwere married Dec. 29, 1834, and settled in Spalding tp. immedi-\\nately after. Their home was a log structure, 18 feet square, on\\nthe Detroit and Saginaw Indian trail, and is still standing. The\\ntp. was named after Mr. Spalding, who departed this life, after a\\nlong siege of pioneer labors, Aug. 20, 1878. Mrs. Spalding\\nresides with her daughter.\\nWhen Mr. and Mrs. Spalding first came here they received their\\nsupplies from Detroit by a little schooner once a year. The old\\nTerritorial road was laid by Mr. Spalding; township line road was\\nlaid out under John Barter in 1871. To Messrs. Barter and Spal-\\nding is due the existence of South Saginaw and its enterprises. Too\\nmuch credit cannot be given Mr. Barter in the enterprise he ex-\\nhibits for the advancement of his community. In 1880 he was\\nelected President of Saginaw County Mutual Fire Insurance Co.\\nHis home consists of 208 acres; having commenced life with only\\n$400; never gave his note individually.\\nOf the 5 children given to Mr. and Mrs. Barter, 4 are living\\nLeah, born Sept. 24, 1854; James, born June5, 1S62; Belinda, born", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0886.jp2"}, "883": {"fulltext": "SPALDING TOWNSHIP. 899\\nJune 20, 1864; and Annie, born Sept. 19, 1866. Mary was born\\nAug. 6, 1860, and died Sept. 6, 1862.\\nA portrait of Mr. Barter appears on page 693.\\nJohn F. HiJl, tanner, was born in Worcester Co., Mass., June\\n2, L838; is a son of James and Sophia C. Hill; subject of sketch\\nlearned salt-making at Syracuse, N. Y., when 14 years of age;came\\nto this county in 1861; was the first man to manufacture salt at Car-\\nrollton; was engaged in this business in Bay and Huron counties,\\nand in boring salt wells along the Saginaw river until October,\\nl s 7 when he located on his present farm; he was United States\\nMarshal in Huron county during the civil war, and Sheriff one term;\\nhas also been Justice of the Peace and Tp. Clerk; is a Republican\\nin politics; was married in July, 1863, to Ellen Malone, who gave\\nhim 2 children James B., born in June, 1864, and Nellie, born\\nin February, 1869; wife died, and he was again married, on Thanks-\\ngiving day of 1879, to Louisa, widow of George Dollar, deceased,\\nand daughter of Ephraim Whitcoinb, a pioneer of this county.\\nJohn Loom /.v. farmer, sec. 13; P.O., South Saginaw; was born\\nin Hampden Co., Mass., Nov. 24, 1827; parents were Josiah and\\nEunice Loomis; his father was a soldier in the war of 1812, and died\\nin Barry Co., Mich., Dec. 1, 1852; his mother was bom Aug. 10,\\n1799, and is still living; they came to Calhoun Co., Mich., in 1836,\\nand thence to Barry county, in 1845; subject of sketch came to\\nthis county in 1863, resided two years at South Saginaw, then\\nremoved to his present farm of 40 acres; is a member of the Dem-\\nocratic party; was married Aug. 7, 1849, to Margaret Hartom, who\\nwas born in Otsego Co., N. Y., April 18, 1832; parents are Robert\\nand Elizabeth Hartom, natives of East Hill, N. Y.; 2 children have\\nbeen sent to them Orada, wife of George Hosmer, born Jan. 28,\\n1858, and Kittie, wife of Augustus Dochstader, born Oct. 25, 1862.\\nDallas M. Pendleton, farmer, sec. 1; was born in Orleans Co.,\\nN. Y., Dec. 1, 1844; parents were Henry and Hannah Pendleton;\\nhis mother died when he was young, and in 1855 he accompanied\\nhis father to St. Joseph Co., Mich., where the latter died, Oct. 20,\\n1870, aged 70 years; subject of sketch was educated in Eastman s\\nCollege, New York, and Hillsdale College, Michigan; came to Sag-\\ninaw county in 1869; was Justice of the Peace one term, Tp. Treas-\\nurer five years, and Clerk two years; is a Democrat; owns 47 acres\\nof land, valued at $200 per acre; was married, March 3, 1869, to\\nMaria, daughter of D. L. C. Eaton, a prominent lumber dealer of\\nthe Saginaw Valley; wife was born in Orleans Co., N Y., July 15,\\n1845; 5 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mary C, born March 10, 1870; Dallas C, born\\nSept. lo, 1871; Lucy M born May 5, 1874; Charles E., born Dec.\\n30, 1875; and Sarah E., born Sept 16, 1878.\\nRichard Trevidick, farmer, sec. 25, was born at Cornwall, Eng.,\\nJan. 20, 1831. In 1838 he accompanied his parents, John and\\nElizabeth Trevidick, to Upper Canada, where he grew to manhood;\\nin 1860 went to East Saginaw, and was head sawyer in Warner\\nEastman s saw-mill for two years; held same position in Mead, Lee", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0887.jp2"}, "884": {"fulltext": "900 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nCo. s mill three years. In 1865 himself and brother Henry,\\nwith two others, purchased a mill, which they operated for six\\nyears. A stock company was then formed, but the mill was subse-\\nquently destroyed by tire; subject lost $2,000 by this fire. He\\nlocated on his present farm of 80 acres in March, 1879; was mar-\\nried in October, 1857, to Elizabeth Grandchamp, who died in April,\\n1858; was again married in September, 1858, to Plarriet Sutphin,\\nborn in Macomb Co., Mich., July 3, 1840; parents were Elias and\\nMargaret Sutphin, who settled in Michigan in 1839; father was\\na native of New York, and died June 5, 1874; mother was native\\nof New Jersey, and departed this life Sept. 17, 1874. Subject and\\nwife had 6 children born to them, 4 of whom are living William\\nL., born April 9, 1870; Eva L., born Jan. 13, 1865; Alma A., born\\nApril 1, 1867; and Melvin S., born Sept. 17, 1874.\\nCharles Ready, farmer, was born in County Mayo, Ireland, in\\n1830; parents, David and Elizabeth Ready, came to Canada in\\n1856, where the father died Dec. 25, 1867, and the mother in 1876.\\nSubject of sketch, while in Ireland, was agent for the Board of\\nFisheries, and connected with the Internal Revenue service, but\\nresigned the latter position when he came to America; in April,\\n1865, located in Franklin Co., Pa., and in 1868 came to East Sagi-\\nnaw, where for a year he was in the employ of the United Petroleum\\nFarm Association; he then removed to present farm; is a Republi-\\ncan; was married March 1, 185S, to Martha A., daughter of John\\nand Jane Lewis, born in Canada in 1839. Of their 4 children, 3\\nare living John L., born Jan. 20, 1859; David A., born Dec. 6,\\n1860; and Jennie, born May 14, 1863; Martha L. was born March\\n24, 1874, and died April 7, 1880. Subject and wife are members\\nof the M. E. Church; former was member of building committee,\\nand is one of the Board of Trustees.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0888.jp2"}, "885": {"fulltext": "ST. CHARLES TOWNSHIP.\\nThis township was organized Feb. 9, 1853. The territory com-\\nposing this township at the present time is described on the map as\\ntownship 10 north, range 3 cast, and is bounded on the north by\\nthe townships of Swan Creek and James, on the east by Albee, on\\nthe south by Chesaning, and on the west by Brant township. The\\nJackson, Lansing Saginaw railroad enters the township through\\nsection 5, passing nearly due south in a straight line out of the\\ntownship through section 33. Within the township there\\nare two railroad stations, one at the village of St. Charles, and the\\nother at Pine Grove station, on section 28.\\nThe lands of the township are drained by the Shiawassee river,\\nwhich passes from south to north through its center, while the Bad\\nriver and its branches course through its northwestern corner\\nThe soil of the township is fertile, and consists of various kinds,\\nsuch as sandy clay, loam, gravel, etc. Originally its lands were\\ncovered by a dense growth of forest of various kinds of hard-wood\\nand pine.\\nAmong the first permanent settlers in the township were Hiram\\nDavis, C. B. Kimberly, Alpheus Oliver, from Ohio; Frank Oliver,\\nBenjamin Colvin, from New York; Francis Harris and O. Doty\\ncame in 1852. At this time the only means of conveyance for\\nfamilies or goods was b} T canoe and rafts, it being almost impossible\\nto pass through the dense forests with a team.\\nThe following year many other settlers came into the township,\\nand soon there were enough inhabitants to perfect its organization.\\nAmong other early settlers may be mentioned J. T. Symes and\\nJared Freeman.\\nThe first house built in the township for a dwelling, was built of\\nlogs in 1852, by Hiram Davis. It was 18x26 feet, three rooms below\\nand two above stairs. Mr. Davis occupied it with his family, also\\nkeeping a hotel. It was located on the south side of the south\\nbranch of the Bad river at its junction with the north branch.\\nThe first frame building was a store-house, built in 1852, by C. B.\\nKimberly; he kept some general goods for sale in this building,\\nthough not a regular store. The first frame built for a regular store\\nwas in 1853, by Mr. Kimberly. He kept a full line of general goods.\\nThis was the first store, and was located on the N. E. corner of Sag-\\ninaw avenue and Water street, in St. Charles village. The building\\nis still standing, and used as a store-house. The first frame dwelling-\\nhouse was built in the summer of 1854, just south of log house,\\nby a Mr. Carpenter.\\nThe first postoffice was established in the township in 1S53, at\\nSt. Charles village: Frank Oliver was the postmaster. The tirsr.\\n(901)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0889.jp2"}, "886": {"fulltext": "9U2 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nschool-house was built in 1853. It was a frame building, located\\non section 5, and is now used for the same purpose in school dis-\\ntrict No. 1. The first teacher in this building was a Miss Joslin,\\nwho opened her school in May, 1854, and presided for about two\\nweeks. There were some large scholars who were very disorderly.\\nThe teacher tried to enforce order, when the scholars forcibly\\nseized and threw her out at the window. This young lad} r aban-\\ndoned the school in disgust, and the district was without a teacher\\nuntil Sept. 8, 1854, when they secured the services as teacher of\\nMrs. C. J. E. Bixby, who was willing to run the chances of sim-\\nilar treatment for $1 per day. This lady remained as teacher for\\ntwo years. The first male teacher was John W. Thorn, who suc-\\nceeded Mrs. Bixby.\\nThe first Sunday-school was started in 1854, by Artemus Doty\\nand Mrs. Bixby. These same parties organized the first Bible\\nclass the same year.\\nMrs. Bixby was the first music-teacher in the township, and her\\npiano (an upright) was the first one to make its appearance within the\\nlimits of the township. This instrument was bought by Mrs. Bixby\\nin London, England, while she was attending the World s Fair.\\nThe first regular 4th of July celebration in the township was in\\n1855, w T ithin what is now the corporate limits of St. Charles vil-\\nlage. It was a grand affair, and among the most prominent\\nfeatures of the procession were the scholars of Mrs. Bixby, dressed\\nto represent the different States.\\nThe population of the township is 1,539. The township out-\\nside of St. Charles village has three school-houses, being districts\\nNos. 3 5 and 7; average attendance of scholars in the three com-\\nbined is 186. Each district averages six months school per\\nyear.\\nOn section 28 is a saw and stone mill, owned and operated by\\nC. H. McArthur.\\nORGANIC.\\nThe township of St. Charles was organized under a resolution of\\nthe County Board, dated Feb. 9, 1853, ordering that the unorgan-\\nized territory known as township number 10 north, of ranges 1, 2\\nand 3 east, and township number 11 north, of range 1, 2 and 3 east,\\nalso township number 11 north, of range 1 west, be organized into a\\ntownship, to be known and designated by the name of St. Charles;\\nwhich said township is described as being within the limits and\\nunder the jurisdiction of the count} of Saginaw. It was also\\nresolved that the first annual township meeting for election of\\ntownship officers for the further organization of said township, be\\nheld at the house of Hiram Davis, situated in said township of\\nSt. Charles, on the first Monday of April next; and that the fol-\\nlowing named persons David Gould, Isaac Bennett and Hiram\\nDavis, being three electors of said township, be, and they are", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0890.jp2"}, "887": {"fulltext": "ST. CHARLES T0WN8HIP.\\n903\\nhereby designated and appointed to preside at said township\\nmeeting.\\nThe meeting was duly held in accordance with the spirit of the\\norder, and the organization of the new township perfected. The\\nrecord of township elections from 1853 to l s 8 could not be found;\\nsince that period, however, the names of the principal officers have\\nbeen obtained, and are given in the following list:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nA. L. Wetmore 1*69\\nFrancis Ackley l*70- l\\nJaretl Freeman 1872\\nA. L. Wetmore 1873\\nP. Ackley L873\\nWin. A. Conklin 1*74 5\\nV. L. Parsons 1876\\nD. Paul ls77 8\\nGeo. A. Wallace 1879\\nEdward A. Stimson 1881\\nCLERKS.\\nA. L. Simons 1869\\nAnson Simons 1870\\nA.J. Wood 1871\\nHenry Hirst 1872\\nA. J. Wood 1*7:!\\nGeo. G. Goodrich 1S76\\nD. O. Smith 1877\\nGeo. G. Goodrich 1878\\nD. O. Smith 1879\\nGeo. G. Goodrich 1880\\nJ. B. Adams 1874- 5 Louis Fliekin\u00c2\u00b0;er 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nO. Eddy 1869-\\nW.W. Eddy 1871\\n11. 8. Case. 1872\\nF. Lytic 1*7:!\\nW.L.Eddy 1874\\nW. W.Eddy 1875\\nP. Aekley 1876-\\nGeo. B. S vines 1879\\nF. Ackle} 1880\\nD. O. Smith 1881\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nF. Lytic 1870-3\\nL. Cross. 1870\\nOrlando Eddy 187 1- 4\\nGeo. A. Wallace 1*71\\nRobert R. Thompson 1872 5\\nGeo. Spencer 1872\\nMason L. Dexter 1872- 5\\nW. W. Fanner 1872\\nWin. Swart 1873\\nI). J. Orr 1873\\nA Smith 1873\\nA. L. Wetmore 1873\\nGeo. A. Wallace 187:!\\nI). J. Orr 1873\\nGeo Spencer 1874-7\\nGeo. A. Wallace 1875-\\nPeter McCullv 187.1\\nWm. H. English 1876\\nD.J. Orr..] 1877\\nGeo. F. Brown 1878\\nO. Williams 1879\\nR. Ryness 1880-3\\nJ. W. Thorn 1881-4\\nGeo. Spencer 1881\\nST. CHARLES VILLAGE.\\nThis thriving and pleasant village is located on the Bad river,\\nand on the line of the Jackson, Lansing Saginaw railroad, 14\\nmiles in a southwesterly direction from the county-seat. It is the\\nhead of navigation on the Bad river. Two steam towing tugs, the\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Nickel and Saidee, ply between here and Bay City. The village\\nhas a population of s; o. and is an important shipping point;", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0891.jp2"}, "888": {"fulltext": "904\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nfrom this place, from May 1 to Dec. 31, 1880, was shipped by rail-\\nroad 21,416,953 pounds of freight; major portion of which was\\nstaves and lumber; during the same period there was received by\\nrailroad 2,372,848 pounds of freight. The postoffice at this point\\nreceives and distributes regularly 1,000 weekly, including local, 25\\ndaily and 100 monthly newspapers and magazines; receives annu-\\nally 40,000 to 50,000 letters and postal cards, while there is mailed\\nat this postoffice about 50,000 letters and postal cards per year.\\nThe original proprietor of the first village plat was Charles S.\\nKimberly; and it was surveyed and layed out by J. B. Parks.\\nThe village was incorporated Oct. 26, 1869, and re-incorporated\\nJan. 15, 1874, under Legislative enactment datedJ1873. The terri-\\ntory within the corporate limits comprises the land described as\\nfollows: The southeast fractional quarter, the southwest quarter,\\nand the south half of the northwest quarter, of section 5. That\\npart known as the Mickle, Lytle, and Hanchett s addition is\\ndescribed as follows: Commencing at the northwest corner of sec-\\ntion 8, thence north, 88\u00c2\u00b0 15 east, 2,2ol feet; thence south, 30\u00c2\u00b0 17\\nwest, 3,254^ feet; thence north, 59\u00c2\u00b0 43 west, to the east bank of\\nthe south branch of the Bad river; thence northerly along the east\\nbank of the south branch of Bad river to the west line of said sec-\\ntion; thence north, 3\u00c2\u00b0 41 west, to the place of beginning.\\nThe first village election was held Dec. 6, 1869, and the officers\\nfrom that time to the present are as follows:\\n1st board, 1869.\\nR. R. Thompson, President.\\nLewis Penoyer, Trustee.\\nJoseph Anderson,\\nA. L. Wetmore,\\nH. S. Guilford,\\nAlfred Stewart,\\nWm. Ashman,\\nA. L. Simmons, Clerk.\\n2d board, 1870.\\nLewis Penover, President.\\nJ. M. Silsbee, Trustee.\\nFrancis Ackley,\\nOrlando Eddy,\\nA. N. Hart,\\nJoseph Anderson,\\nAlfred Stewart,\\nA. L. Simons, Clerk.\\n3d board, 1871.\\nLewis Penoyer, President.\\nIsaac M. Silsby, Trustee.\\nFrancis Ackley,\\nAlsonL. Wetmore,\\nJoseph Anderson,\\nD. Webster Greene,\\nHiram S. Guilford, il\\nAddison J. Wood, Clerk.\\n4th board, 1872.\\nFrancis Ackley, President.\\nAison L. Wetmore, Trustee.\\nD. W. Greene,\\nHiram S. Guilford,\\nHenry Case,\\nAlfred Stewart,\\nA. J. Wood, Clerk.\\n5th board, 1873.\\nW. W. Eddy, President.\\nHenry Case, Trustee.\\nA. Stewart,\\nM. L. Dexter,\\nDaniel Paul,\\nD. W. Greene,\\nA. J. Wood, Clerk.\\n6th board, 1874.\\nHenry Case, President.\\nD. A. Wetmore, Trustee.\\nAustin Smith,\\nWm. English,\\nWm. Conklin,\\nMason L. Dexter,\\nDaniel Paul,\\nJames W. Harden, Clerk.\\n7th board, 1875.\\nW. W. Eddy, President.\\nWm. Ashman, Trustee.\\nJohn B. Adams,\\nWm. A. Conklin,\\nAndrew Kanzig\\nCarl Shepan,", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0892.jp2"}, "889": {"fulltext": "ST. CHARLES TOWNSHIP.\\n905\\nPeter McCauley, True\\nJohn Gollwitzer, Clerk.\\n8th board. 1876.\\nW. \\\\Y. Eddy, President.\\nVictor L. Parsons, Trust* e.\\nG. T. Brown,\\nJohn S. Mathews,\\nK. A. Stimson,\\nCarl Shepan,\\nPeter McCauley,\\nJohn iollwitzer, Clerk.\\n9th board, 1877\\nFrancis Ackley, President.\\nAlfred Stewart. Trustee.\\nGeo. F. Brown,\\nail Shepan,\\nJohn D. Thomas,\\nV. L. Parsons,\\n.1. S. Matthews,\\nC. M. Butterfleld, Clerk.\\n10th hoard, 1878.\\nHenry Case, President.\\nDavid 0. Smith, Trustee.\\nJustice Ashman,\\nJohn D. Thomas,\\n.Shepan,\\nA.Stewart,\\nI i F. Brown,\\n0. M. Buttertield, Clerk.\\n11th board, 1879.\\nFrancis Ackley, President.\\nJohn D.Thomas, Trustee.\\nJustice Ashman,\\nDavid O. Smith,\\nCarl Shepan,\\nWm Swart,\\nWin. Penny,\\nMiles C. Holiday, Clerk.\\nJune 26, to rill vacancies were elected\\nSylvester dandle and Geo. A. Wal-\\nlace.\\n12th hoard, 1880.\\nGeo. A. Wallace, President.\\nRoswell R. Hiekey, Trustee.\\nDale C. Bennett,\\nCeo. F. Brown,\\nWin Swart,\\nCarl Shepan,\\nWin. Panney,\\nDewitt C. Tiffany, Clerk.\\n13th board, 1881.\\nJohn W. Thorn, President.\\nGeo. F. Brown, Trustee.\\nE. A. Stimson,\\nR. R. Hiekey,\\nDaleC. Bennett,\\nCbas. Ditzler,\\nWm. P. Stacy,\\nLouis Flickinger, Clerk.\\nBUSINESS INTERESTS, MILLS, ETC.\\nThe lumber and lath mill of Gould, Osburn Co., manufacture\\n5.0\u00c2\u00bb\u00c2\u00bb i,000 feet per year, approximate value, $6 ,(\u00c2\u00bb00. It gives em-\\nployment to 25 men, to whom is paid annually, $10,000. This busi-\\nness was established in 1874.\\nSt. Charles Stave and Heading Factory. This concern was\\nbuilt and put into operation in 1874, by Francis Hood and Yictor\\nL. Parsons, under the firm name of F. Hood Co. The capacity\\nof the mill per annum is 5.000,000 staves and 12,000 barrels of\\nheadings, each barrel containing 50 heads. The value of manu-\\nfactured goods is estimated at $35,000 per annum. This mill fur-\\nnishes work to 35 or 40 men and boys, to whom is paid annually\\nabout $10,000. The motive power is steam, and is supplied with\\none 75 and one 30-horse power engine. The mill with its ma-\\nchinery cost about $6,0imi. Their goods arc sold and shipped\\nmostly to New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore parties. A\\ncooper shop is also attached to this mill.\\nThe Lumber and Lath Mill owned and operated by L. Penoyer\\nA: Co., manufactured in 18SO, 5,960,000 feet valued at from $70,000\\nto $75,000, and employed 30 hands, who received $12,000.\\nSt. Charles Shingle Mill was established in 1880; manufact-\\nures 400,000 shingles per annum, valued at $9,000, and gives\\nemployment to eight hands.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0893.jp2"}, "890": {"fulltext": "906 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nCheese box and Hoop Factory was established in 1880; has a\\ncapacity of 250,000 hoops, and 200,000 bands; elm wood is exclu-\\nsively used. It employs six men; a 20-horse power steam-engine\\nfurnishes motive power.\\nThe Mystic Flouring and Custom Mill was built in 1880 by\\nA. L. We tm ore Co. It is two-story and basement, 30 x 56, fur-\\nnished with improved machinery, and run by a 40-horse power en-\\ngine. The mill has a capacity to grind 250 bushels of wheat per\\nday. It is now owned and operated by W. W. Eddy.\\nThe village is supplied with four hotels. The Symes House,\\na large, new and well-furnished building, owned and kept by Mr.\\nJ. T. Symes, one of St. Charles pioneer citizens, and the Diamond\\nHouse, kept by Andrew B. Diamond, may be specially mentioned.\\nThe different places and kinds of business in the village, not here-\\ntofore mentioned, are as follows one hardware, one jewelry and\\ncigar, one furniture and notion, one boot, shoe and gents furnish-\\ning stores, 1 news depot, 2 meat markets, 1 pump factory, 1\\nphotograph gallery, two wagon shops, one planing-mill, one wood\\nyard, one brick yard, two livery stables, three blacksmith shops,\\ntwo harness shops, two barber shops, one gunsmith, one custom\\nboot and shoe shop, two millinery stores, five general stores, two\\ndrugstore, one dry-goods, five groceries, a charcoal kiln, a black-\\nberry wine factory which has produced as much as 8,000 gallons\\nof wine in a year. The Leader is a weekly paper, edited by Gro-\\npengeiser Rice, and the Reformer, a semi-monthly paper edited\\nby Mrs. H. M. Conklin; of the professional men, there are four\\nphysicians and one dentist.\\nTHE SCHOOL-HOUSES\\nfor districts Nos. 1 and 2 are located in the village. No. 1 has an\\nattendance of 35 scholars and has six months 1 school during the\\nyear. District No. 2 has enrolled 105 scholars, and has nine\\nmonths session during the year. The buildings are frame and fitted\\nwith modern seats and desks.\\nRELIGIOUS.\\nThe first religious services in the township were held in the vil-\\nlage. The Methodists were the pioneers and held their meetings\\nuntil 1869 in private houses, school-houses, etc. The year above\\nnamed a fine church edifice was erected, since which they have\\nheld their meetings in it. The first regular pastor of the denom-\\nination was the Rev. J. H. Curnalia. Those following were:\\nCharles Simpson, W. E. Dunning, J. W. Crippen, A. S. Fair,\\nFrederick Strong, A. B. Clough and the present pastor, J. W.\\nHolt. The number of members in 1867 was 17, and at present\\n45. The Sabbath-school has 60 scholars. The Church is out of\\ndebt.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0894.jp2"}, "891": {"fulltext": "ST. CHAELES T0WN8HIP. 907\\nIn L869 the Presbyterian society built a neat church building,\\nbut most of its members having moved away, Church meetings\\nwere discontinued, and the building was rented for several years,\\nwhen, in the spring of 1 S M. the society sold it to the Catholics,\\nand it is now being fitted up for a Catholic church. The Catholics\\nhad held meetings here for several years, mostly in rented halls,\\nuntil this purchase was made. There is no resident priest, but\\nthe new parish is visited by the Rev. Mr. Van der Hayden, Pastor\\nof Saginaw City. Previously, the Catholics of the district were\\ncompelled to drive into Saginaw on Sundays and other holidays\\nto attend Church.\\nThe first meetings of the denomination of Adventists were held\\nin 1860, in the old school-house, the membership being from 30\\nto 40. In 1869 they erected their present church building at an\\nexpense of about $2,500. The first to preach the Adventist doc-\\ntrine in this district was the Rev. M. E. Cornell, who held meet-\\nings in the old school-house during the winter of 1860- 61.\\nSOCIETIES.\\nGood Templars. St. Charles Lodge received its charter April\\n7. L875, then having 24 members. The lodge has held regular\\nmeetings up to the present time, and has now 40 members in good\\nstanding. Its present officers are: James Brott, W. C. T. Mrs.\\nAbar. W. V. T., and George Stewart, R. S.\\nKnights of Honor.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 St. Charles Lodge, No. 1.642, was instituted\\nApril 25, 1879, with 23 charter members. Officers are: C. M. Bnt-\\nlerfield. Dictator; Tobias L. Thompson, Vice-Dictator; R. J.Webb,\\nReporter: W. W. Eddy, Treasurer. The objects of this society\\nare fraternity, benevolence, and mutual insurance.\\nMasonic\u00e2\u0080\u0094 St. Charles Lodge, No. 313, worked under a dispen-\\nsation for about one year, and received its charter Jan. 29, 1874.\\nThe first officers under the charter were Henry Case, W. M.\\nMason L. Dexter, S. W. Alson L. Wetmore, J. W. Its present\\nofficers are: E. A. Stimson, W. M. J. D. Thomas, S. W. and\\nA. D. Huntington. J. W.\\nOdd Fellows. Perseverance Lodge, No. 253, was chartered\\nEeb. lit, 1875. R. Myers. J. M. Silsby, Nelson Hickey, B. Col-\\n\\\\in. A. Cogswell, J. D. Thomas, Thos. Russell, Charles Parks and\\nAbraham K. Stoner were charter members. Present member-\\nship is 38. Present officers are Wm. Harvey, W. G. W. W.\\nEddy, V. G. R. J. Webb, R. S. and P. S. and C. M. Butterfield,\\nTreasurer.\\nThe .V. Charles Library Association was organized in May, 1881;\\nobjects of the association are social and literary, and also to estab-\\nlish a permanent library of miscellaneous and standard books that\\nwill be accessible to all the citizens of the village. The officers of\\nthe association are Dr. Henry Case, President; Mrs. Dr. Plamilton,\\nVice President; Miss Kittie Stewart, Librarian.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0895.jp2"}, "892": {"fulltext": "908\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nPERSONAL SKETCHES.\\nThe sketches of the first settlers of a new township are doubly\\ninteresting, since they are at once historical and biographical.\\nFrom the following, much that is instructive may be gleaned:\\nJ. G. Booth, blacksmith, St. Charles, was born in Pennsylvania\\nin 1845. His parents are Samuel and Ruth (Gee) Booth, natives\\nof England and Scotland. Mr. Booth received a common-school\\neducation, and commenced to learn his trade at the age of 15 years.\\nIn 1861 he enlisted in Co. E, 58th Reg. Penn. Vol. Inf., and was\\ndischarged at Washington, D. C, in 1865, with the rank of 1st\\nLieutenant. He came to Saginaw county in 1867, and located at\\nSt. Charles village; is a member of the Republican party and the\\nSt. Charles Band. Has been moderately successful in life. He\\nwas married in 1870 to Miss N. J. Wallace. They have 2 chil-\\ndren, Cynthia Myrtle andMaud.\\nAt the battle of Sandy Ridge, N. C, 8th February, 1862, Mr.\\nBooth was taken prisoner by the rebels. He was first sent to the\\nprison known as Castle Thunder, Richmond, Va.. where he was\\nkept about three weeks, when he was sent to the Libby prison,\\nwhere he was confined until June. From here he was sent to\\nBelle Island prison, near Richmond, remaining there until the\\n31st of December. At this place the prisoners suffered untold\\nhardship, having no shelter, or food or water fit to eat or drink.\\nThe food mostly was corn ground with the cob, which they were\\nobliged to eat without cooking. He was finally exchanged Jan. 1,\\n1863, when, receiving a furlough of 30 days, he returned home, and\\nthen returned to his regiment.\\nCharles M. Bradt, M. D., St. Charles, Mich., was born at\\nUtica, N. 1., in 1838; parents were Peter and Catherine (Cutter)\\nBradt, the former a native of New York, and the latter of Massa-\\nchusetts; subject of sketch was educated at Falley Seminary, at\\nFulton, Oswego Co., N. Y.; taught school at age of 18 years; sub-\\nsequently attended State Medical University at New York city,\\ngraduating therefrom in 1879; located at St. Charles in 1880; has\\nbuilt up a large practice; in 1862 enlisted in Co. C, 121st Reg. N.\\nY. Vol. Inf., and was promoted to 1st Lieut. resigned in 1863; is\\nRepublican in politics; was married in 1861 to Julia Gr. Country-\\nman, a native of Herkimer Co., N. Y. They have 3 children-\\nFrank C, Lincoln E. and Peter E.\\nAndrew B. Diamond, proprietor Diamond House, St. Charles,\\nwas born in Livingston Co., Mich., in 1843. His parents were\\nnatives of Queen s county and Belfast, Ireland. He was educated in\\nthe public schools of Michigan, and in 1862 located in this county,\\nand engaged in the lumber business. He is Democratic in politics,\\nand has served as Deputy Sheriff of Saginaw county, and Clerk of\\nSt. Charles tp. He was married at Bay City, Mich., in 1869, to\\nElla Downes. Of their 5 children, 4 are living Clara A., born\\nApril 21, 1870; Charles H., born Aug. 8, 1872; Ella Mav, born", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0896.jp2"}, "893": {"fulltext": "ST. CHARLES K WNSHIP. 909\\nOct. 18, 1874, and Andrew Richard, born April 7, 1877. Robert\\nWilliam was born Nov. 15, 1879, and died April 1, 1881.\\nWilliam Doty, gunsmith at St. Charles, was born in Oakland\\nCo., Mich., Dec. 21, 1844. His parents were Orsamns and H.\\nLoretta (Seaman) Doty, the former a native of Pennsylvania, born\\nin 1817, and died iti 1867, and the latter of Rutland Co., Vt., and\\nborn May 21,1820. They located in St. Charles village in 1851,\\nand brought the subject of this sketch with them, he then being\\nabout six years of age. When he was but four years of age he had an\\nattack of brain fever, which has caused him ever since to be quite\\ndeaf. He was educated at the Asylum at Flint, Mich. He learned\\nthe trade of gunsmith at St. Charles, at which he has worked seven\\nyears, and is more than ordinarily skillful at all kinds of mechani-\\ncal operations; is good with stationary engines. He resides with\\nhis mother in St. Charles village. Mrs. Doty is the oldest settler\\nnow living in St. Charles tp., Hiram Davis and famil} being the\\nonly ones that settled here before Mr. Doty s family.\\nJiired Freeman. This gentleman is one of the most substantial\\nand enterprising business men of St. Charles village, as well as one\\nof its earliest settlers. He was born in the town of Belleville, Jef-\\nferson Co., N. Y., in 1834. His parents, George H. and Rebecca\\n(Eaton) Freeman, came to this county with their family when\\nJared was but 18 months old. Here he received his early educa-\\ntion at the common schools. Mr. Freeman located at St. Charles\\nvillage in 1854, his worldl} goods consisting at that time of only\\ns5 in money, the clothes he wore and those contained in his satchel;\\nbut with good health, habits and perseverance, success followed.\\nHe soon opened a store with a general stock of goods. This was\\nthe second store ever opened in the village. He has been identified\\nwith the business interest of St. Charles 27 years merchandising\\nand 24 years in the lumber trade, and is still largely interested in\\nboth lines of business. He now carries one of the largest stocks of\\ngeneral goods in the village. He is also largely interested in real\\nestate, owning 2,655 acres of land in Saginaw county, 1,840 acres\\nin Bay county and 720 acres in Gratiot county. Mr. Freeman is a\\nDemocrat fn politics, and has served the tp. in various offices,\\namong which were: Supervisor, three years; Township Clerk, two\\nyears; Tillage Trustee, two years; and Justice of the Peace one\\nterm. Pie was married in 1858 to Miss Caroline Adams, of New\\nYork. They have a family of 2 children Mart and Augusta L.\\nRev. Joseph W. Holt, of St. Charles, was born in Connecticut\\nin 1819. His parents were Oliver and Sidney (Clapp) Holt. His\\nmaternal grandfather, Earl Clapp, was a Major in the Patriot army,\\nand served under Gen. Warren at Bunker Hill. Mr. H. was educated\\nat Albion College, Michigan, and commenced to teach at the age of\\n21 years. His first ministerial work was among the Indians in 1846,\\nand he was also engaged at Detroit for a short period. He was\\nreared in the doctrines of the Congregational Church, but has been\\na member of the M. E. Church since 1842. He was married in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0897.jp2"}, "894": {"fulltext": "910 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n1848 to Caroline C. Woodruff. They have 5 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Nellie E.\\nL., Jndson C, Edwin D., Arthur E. and Lucius I.\\nEdwin H. Jone* was prominent atriong the early settlers of Sagi-\\nnaw county. He was born in Tompkins Co.. N. Y., in 1825, and\\nis a son of E. K. and Maria (Andrews) Jones, natives of New York,\\nand of English descent. Edwin received his education in the com-\\nmon schools and subsequently attended an academy. His occupa-\\ntion has always been that of a farmer and dealer in lumber. He\\nsettled in St. Charles village the same year it was surveyed by his\\nbrother-in-law, J. B. Parks, and until 1874 operated a saw and\\nshingle mill. Since then he has devoted his entire attention to\\nfarming. He owns a well-improved farm and a neat and sub-\\nstantial residence. Mr. Jones believes in the principles as set forth\\nby the Republican party, and has tilled various tp. offices. He was\\nmarried in 1855 to Ann Louisa Lewis. They have 5 children 2\\nboys and 3 girls, all living. Mr. Jones enlisted in the 29th Mich.\\nVol. Inf., and served one year in the war of the great Rebellion,\\nfrom September, 1864, to September, 1865. He was Orderly\\nSergeant.\\nFreeman Z,ytle, retired farmer, sec. 7, was born in New Y r ork in\\n1827 parents were Stephen and Abby (Sheldon) Lytle, former a\\nnative of New York, of Irish descent, and the latter of Vermont,\\nof English ancestry subject of sketch received a common-school\\neducation, and operated the second saw mill in St. Charles tp.,\\nnow the Penoyer mill has been very successful in business, and\\nowns 160 acres of land, a portion of which lies within the limits of\\nSt. Charles village has held all tp. offices is a Greenbacker, and\\nhas retired from active business married Mary Brink, who bore\\nhim 2 children, and died, in 1853 in 1854 he married Sarah Davis,\\nof New Y r ork parents were of English and German descent;\\nfather was the first white man to settle at the forks of Bad river,\\nor what is now 7 the village of St. Charles 6 children were sent to\\nbless this marriage, 3 of whom are living.\\nC. H. McArthur, proprietor of a saw and shingle mill, was born\\nat Detroit, Mich., in 1834. He is a son of Alexander and Tirzah\\n(Root) McArthur, the former of whom was an extensive land-\\nowner in this State, at an early day. He first settled at Corunna\\nin Shiawassee county, and it was mainly through his exertions that\\nthe county-seat was located at that point. He also discovered\\nand opened the first coal mine at that place. He is Vice-President\\ni \u00c2\u00bbf the First Nat. Bank of Corunna, and was once Mayor of the\\nplace. While living in Detroit, he was High Sheriff of Wayne\\ncounty. He was a strong Democrat until the war, and since then\\nhe has been a Republican. C. H. came to Corunna in 1838, and\\ntook charge of a saw-mill north ofChesaning, and operated it four\\nyears. After three years at Corunna, in the same business, he\\ncame to St. Charles tp., and in partnership with his father, built a\\nsaw-mill on sec 28, at a cost of $8,000. The mill was destroyed by\\ntire, and they have since erected another in its place, of which C.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0898.jp2"}, "895": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0899.jp2"}, "896": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0900.jp2"}, "897": {"fulltext": "8T. CHASLES TOWNSHIP. 913\\nII. lias full charge. He was married in 1863, to Frances Ware,\\na Dative of Rochester, X. Y. She is a member of the Presbyterian\\nChurch. They have 3 children Harry E., Myrtle T. anclErwin\\nE. Mr. McArthur owned at one time here, about t,200 acres of\\nland.\\nVictor L. Parsons^ of the firm of F. Hood Co., stave manu-\\nfacturers, St. Charles, Midi., was horn in New York in 1840.\\nHis parents were E. and Emeline Parsons, natives of New\\nYork, and of English and German descent. Victor was educated\\nin Oswego X. Y., and when young shipped as a sailor on the\\ngreat lakes, and arose to he commander of the vessel, Commodore\\nFoote. He learned his present business in New York, and in\\n1^74 located at St. Charles. He commenced business with F.\\nHood, of Saginaw City, and although having to suffer twice from\\nfinancial embarrassment, he lias finally conquered all difficulties,\\nand the firm are doing a large and flourishing business. Mr. Parsons\\nwas married in New York, in 1865, to Helen A. Passmore, who\\nbore him 2 children Florence A. and Ernest Y. Mrs. Parsons\\ndied in 1869, and he was again married in 1871, to Frances P.\\nJohnson. One child has been given to this union Edward L.\\nMr. Parsons was at onetime Supervisor of St Charles tp.\\nCharles IT. P irks, a son of Asahel Parks, an honored pioneer of\\nChesaning tp., was born in 1833, and at the age of 12 years ac-\\ncompanied his parents to Michigan. He lirst found employment\\nwith R. P. Mason, with whom he remained sixyears. After a year\\nwith J. W. Turner in the saw-mill business, four years in the same\\nbusiness at Saginaw City, and 12 years working at the carpenter s\\ntrade, at St. (diaries, he located on his present farm, where he has\\nsince resided. He was married Sept. 18, 1856, to Jane Seaman,\\nwho was born in Oakland Co., Mich., Jan. 31, 1840, and is a daugh-\\nter of Charles Seaman. They have 3 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Elva M., born in\\nOctober, 1865 Charles, born Aug. 2, 1876, and Ross, born May U2,\\nl s 7i Mr. Parks is a Republican. His father, who now resides at\\nGranville, Mich., was the father of 7 children Isaac, Asher, Me-\\nhitable, Eunice, Eshiel, Charles and Oliver.\\nJ. T. Symes, dealer in lumber, St. Charles, was born in Berk-\\nshire Co., Mass., June 20, 1821, and is a son of James Symes, a\\nnative of London, England. He was educated in the public\\nschools of Massachusetts and Ohio, and in 1855, came to St.\\nCharles with a capital of $25,000. He invested in lumber, saw-\\nmill, etc.. and in 1861 lost his mill and considerable lumber by fire,\\nhis individual loss $5,000. His property was again destroyed in\\n1869, loss $5,000. and the third time in 1876, the latter lire causing\\na loss of $20,000. He carries a large stock of lumber, and owns a\\ngood hotel at St. Charles, also Symes Hall at the same village. He\\nis Republican in politics, although he has not voted since leaving\\nOhio. He was married in Ohio, in 1816, to Mar} D. Hines, who\\nhas borne him 5 children 4 boys and 1 girl. The sons are all en-\\ngaged in business in this State, and the wife and daughter are still\\nliving in Ohio.\\n55", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0901.jp2"}, "898": {"fulltext": "i\u00c2\u00bb14 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nJohn W. Thorn, merchant, St. Charles, was born at Troy, N. Y.,\\nin 1837. He is a son of James H. and Mary C. (Feathers) Thorn,\\nnatives of New York, the former of English and the latter of Ger-\\nman ancestry. John W. received a practical education at the Yates\\nPolytechnic Institute, from which he graduated, with honor, in\\n1856. At the age of 19 years he commenced to teach a district\\nschool in Michigan, which occupation he successfully followed for\\nthree years. In 1857 he was a teacher in the St. Charles school.\\nIn 1858 he located in Greenwood Co., Kan., where he was subse-\\nquently elected to the office of County Superintendent of Schools.\\nWhe.i Kansas was admitted to the Union, Mr. Thorn was a dele-\\ngate to the State Convention. In 1861 he returned to Michigan\\nand located at Owosso, where he was engaged in the hardware\\nbusiness for six years. After the same period at Detroit, in the\\nsame business, he returned to Owosso, and for a time was with\\nRogers Stewart. He afterward opened a hardware store at St.\\nCharles for one year, since when he has been engaged in the gro-\\ncery and general farm produce business. He is a staunch Republi-\\ncan, President of the Village Board of Trustees, and a prominent\\nmember of the Knights of Honor. He was married in 1858, to\\nCelia L. Simons. They have 2 children John 13., born in 1867,\\nand George William, born in 1873.\\nGeorge A. Wallace, St. Charles, Mich., was born in New York,\\nJuly 29, 1828; parents were George and Abigail (Branch) Wallace,\\nthe former a native of Massachusetts, of Scotch descent, and the\\nlatter of Vermont, of English ancestry. Subject of sketch has\\nworked at the blacksmith and cooper trades; first located in Wash-\\ntenaw Co., Mich., in 1859; located at St. Charles, where he is Pres-\\nident of Village Board, and Superintendent of the Schools; has filled\\nvarious tp. offices; is member of Greenback party; owns 500 acres\\nof land, a hotel and business building in St. Charles; was married\\nin 1848 to Nancy Pose, who bore him 5 children and died in\\n1S74; was again married in 1876, to a widow lady, formerly Miss\\nCynthia Adams.\\nAlson L. Wetmore, proprietor saw-mill in Marion tp. and resides\\nat St. Charles, was born in Ohio in 1832. His parents, Asher and\\nElecta (Talcott) Wetmore, are natives of New York, and of English\\ndescent. Alson received the educational facilities afforded by the\\ndistrict school, and until his 21st year, spent his life on a farm and\\nin the lumber business. In 1812 his parents decided to remove to\\nMichigan, but after the household effects had been shipped, the\\nmother died, and the father and son came alone. Alson erected\\nthe first grist-mill in St. Charles tp., now owned and operated by\\nW. W. Eddy. He removed to St. Charles village in 1854, since\\nwhich time he has been prominently identified with the growing\\ninterests of that thriving village. He was a clerk for three years\\nand served the same length of period as Postmaster. He\\nhas filled the principal tp. offices. In 1856 he married Elizabeth\\nD.ty. Their only child is Carrie E. In 1870 Mr. Wetmore and\\nwife visited California on a pleasure trip.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0902.jp2"}, "899": {"fulltext": "SWAN CREEK TOWNSHIP.\\nThe organization of this township was* ordered Aug. 30, I860,\\nas follows: Resolved, Tiiat the territory described in said applica-\\ntion as follows, to wit, township number 11 north, of range 3\\neast; sections number 5, 6 and 7, and fractional sections number 2, 3,\\n4. 8, 9, 17 and IS, in township north,of range 4 east (said sections and\\nfractional sections lying between the Tittabawassee and Shiawassee\\nrivers); also fractional sections 31 and 32, south of the Tittabawas-\\nsee river, in township number 12 north, of range 4 east, be, and the\\nsame is, liereby erected into a township to be called and known by\\nthe name of the township of Swan Greek. The first annual town-\\nship meeting thereof shall be held at the house of George W.\\nEeaman, on Monday, the first day of April, 1861, at 10 o clock in\\nthe forenoon; and at said meeting George W. Beaman, Colin Mc-\\nBratnie and John Leighton, three electors of said township, shall\\nbe the persons whose duty it shall be to preside at such meeting.\\nThe township officers from 1870 to the present time are\\nnamed in the following list; those who served from 1861 to 1869\\ncannot be given, as the township records for that period were not\\nforthcoming:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nColin McBratnie ....1870- 2\\nE. S. Dunbar .1873- 4\\nRobert R. Thompson 1875\\nReuben W. Beeman 1876- 9\\nHenry Voight 1880\\nChas. B. Tefft 1881\\nCLERKS.\\nJacob Zieroff 1870- 4\\nChas. Teffi 1875- 80\\nIlelon B.Allen 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nD. S. Dunbar 1870\\nJoseph Zieroff 1871- 2\\nClin McBratnie 1873\\nJoseph Zieroff. L874\\nA. Davis Asnew 1875\\nPorter Allen 1876- 8\\nMark K.Allen 1S79\\nHiram J. Stanard 1880- l\\nJUSTICES OF TBE PEACE.\\nJoseph Egeres 1870- 1\\nE. Crosby 1870- l\\nAaron Burr 1872\\n\\\\V. P Putnam 1873\\nJ. E. Crosby 1874\\nJohn Seigleton 1874\\nO.F.Beebe 1875\\nHenry Voight 1875\\nE/raC. Barr 1876\\nThomas Steele 1876\\nBenry Voight 1877\\nAndrew E. Beebe 1877\\nThomas Trainer 1878\\nB. McCarty 1878\\nD. A. Welmore 1879\\nF.E.Crosby 1879\\nJ. Morton 1880\\nD. A. Wetmore 1880\\nHenrv Voight 1881\\n(915)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0903.jp2"}, "900": {"fulltext": "916 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nThe present township officers of Swan Creek include the names\\ngiven in the list, together with Russell J. Webb, Commissioner of\\nHighways; R. W. Beeman, Superintendent of Schools; Ezra C.\\nJBarr, School Inspector; Sabina Robinson and Jesse E. Crosby, Con-\\nstables. There are 239 children of school age in the township.\\nR. H. Nason has been the owner of the large saw-mill at Garfield\\nStation for the last three years. It was previously operated by\\nMr. Penoyer. Helon B. Allen, W. Husen and R. IT. Nason are\\nowners of the salt well and block built in November, 1879. These\\ngreat industries give employment to a large number of hands, and\\nform a village in themselves.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nH. B. Allen, of the firm of Nason, Allen Co., salt manufacturers,\\nGarfield, Mich., was bora in Niagara Co., N. Y., Nov. 28, 1844; pa-\\nrents are D. P. and Clarissa Allen father a native of Massachusetts;\\nmother, of New York; subject of sketch was reared on a farm, re-\\nceiving his education at the Union school of Lockport, N. Y. in\\n1869 he came to this county, and engaged in making salt until\\n1879, when he removed his interests to Garfield, Mich.; is a Re-\\npublican in politics, and is the present Clerk of this tp. was married,\\nDec. 16, 1875, to Nellie R., daughter, of William and Laura Mc-\\nKnight. Mr. Allen is a man of enterprise and sterling business\\nqualities.\\nHenry Tefft, school-teacher, district No. 2, St. Charles tp., was\\nborn in New York in 1844. His parents are Rowland and Lucy (Bill)\\nTefft, the former a native of Rhode Island, and of Scotch descent, the\\nlatter of Yermont, and of English descent. Henry was educated in the\\nNormal school at Albany, N. Y., graduating Jul} 7 11, 1867. He\\nimmediately commenced to teach school in St. Charles village for\\none term; he had taught two years in New York previous to graduat-\\ning. In the fall of 1867 he came to Michigan, where his father had\\npurchased a saw-mill in Swan Creek tp., and for 10 years assisted\\nhim in its operation. In 1880 he obtained his present position (his\\nfather still owns and operates the saw-mill). He is Republican in\\npolitics, and was once Superintendent of Schools of Swan Creek tp.\\nMr. Tefft is the present principal of schools in St. Charles village,\\nhaving held the position for two years.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0904.jp2"}, "901": {"fulltext": "TAV MOUTH. TOWNSHIP.\\nThis district possesses all the physical characteristics necessary\\nto render it one of the richest agricultural divisions of the county,\\nif not a valuable manufacturing one. The Flint river flows through\\na deep channel, from south to north through the central sections,\\nand thence northwest to its confluence with the Saginaw Silver\\ncreek flows westward, and enters the Flint at the N. E. quarter of\\nsection 17. Birch run may be said to water the northern sec-\\ntions, as it flows northwestfrom section 12, through sections 11,10,\\n3, 4, 5. and 6, flowing into the main stream to the northwest. Pine\\nrun waters the southern townships, and enters the Flint near\\nthe old shingle mill on section 22. The Flint Pere Marquette\\nrailroad runs southeast through sections 2, 11, 12, and 13, with a\\ndepot at the little village of Blackmar. There also are the princi-\\npal mills and salt works of the township. The postomce depart-\\nment recognizes the two offices of Blackmar, in section 2, and\\nTavmouth, on the Flint, in section 33. Together with the Black-\\nmar industries is the grist-mill, formerly operated by Iteid, Shiel-\\nder Co., Morse s shingle mill, McKinney s saw and shingle mill,\\nand the McNally saw and shingle mill. The public cemetery of\\nthe township is located on the southwest quarter of section 9.\\nThe common springs of the township are numerous, and the wa-\\nter good. The salt springs yield the ordinary supply of brine,\\nwhile the streams afford a full supply of fairly good water for all\\nordinary purposes. In this connection the township possesses rare\\nadvantages.\\nThe pioneer citizens of Tavmouth have acted well their part in\\nthe drama of real life. It pertains to their children to further de-\\nvelop its agricultural and mineral resources.\\norgank\\nThe township of Taymonth was organized under authority given\\nby the Legislature, in an act approved Feb. 17, 1842, setting off\\nfrom the township of Saginaw that territory known as the town-\\nship of Tavmouth. The terms of the act are as follows: All that\\npart of the county of Saginaw (now a part of the township of Sag-\\ninaw) included in the following boundaries, viz.: commencing on\\nthe east side of Flint river, on the county line beeween Saginaw\\nand Genesee, at the southeast corner of township 10 north, range 5\\neast, thence north on said township line to the northeast corner of\\nsaid township, thence west on said township line to the northwest\\ncorner of section 4, thence north on section lines to the bank of\\nCass river, thence down said river to its junction with the Shiawas-\\n(917)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0905.jp2"}, "902": {"fulltext": "918\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nsee river, thence up the Shiawassee river to the county line between\\nSaginaw and Shiawassee, thence east on said county line to the\\nplace of beginning be, and the same is, hereby set off and organized\\ninto a separate township by the name of Faymouth, and the first\\ntownship meeting shall be held at the house of A. F. Ilayden.\\nThis act was approved Feb. IT, 1842, giving the township now\\ncalled Taymouth, the name of Faymouth.\\nThe first town meeting was held at the house of A. F. Hayden,\\nApril 4, 1842. A. F. Hayden was Moderator; James Farquharson,\\nClerk; John Farquharson,James McCormick and John Ritchie, In-\\nspectors of Election. The vote was taken by ballot, with the fol-\\nlowing results: Supervisor, John Farquharson; Clerk, James\\nFarquharson; Treasurer, James Farquharson; Justices of the Peace,\\nJohn Farquharson, John Ritchie, J. B. Watkins, A. F. Hayden;\\nAssessors, John McKinzie, jr., A. F. Ilayden; Highway Commis-\\nsioners, John Farquharson, John Ritchie, John Malone; School\\nInspectors, A. F. Hayden, James McCormick, James Farquharson;\\nOverseers of the Poor, A. F. Hayden, Robert McCormick; Consta-\\nble, John Malone; Overseers of Highways, John McKenzie, Robert\\nMcCormick.\\nThere were only eight voters present at this election, seven of\\nwhom were chosen township officials.\\nThe following list contains the names of the township officers\\ndown to the present time:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nJohn Farquharson 1842-\\\\5\\nWm. H. Nelson 1845- 7\\nAlfred D. Goyer 1848\\nLovel F. Harris 1849\\nDavid D. Ross 1850- 2\\nM. H.Smith 1853\\nD.D.Ross 1854\\nL. W. Vaughan 1855\\nD. D. Ross l856- 7\\nG. W. Armstrong 1858\\nD. D.Ross 1859\\nG. W. Armstrong 1860- l\\nHorace K. Sloan 18G2\\nCharles Ruggles 1863\\nD. D. Ross 1864\\nHenry C. Wilber 1865- 7\\nFrancis W. McNally 1868\\nJohn Mcintosh 1869\\nF. W. McNally 1870\\nFrancis McKenna 1871\\nArthur Ross 1S72- 81\\nCLERKS.\\nJames Farquharson 1842\\nJohn McKenzie 1843\\nJames Farquharson 1844\\nHenry S. Edgett 1845\\nAlfred D. Goyer 1846-7\\nGeo. W. Brown 1848\\nLovel F. Harris 1849-\\\\50\\nFrancis Harris 1851\\nH. H. Walcott 1852\\nW. H. Nelson 1853- 4\\nJohn Malone 1855\\nAustin Smith 1856- 8\\nCharles Anthony 1859\\nHugh Cuthbert. I860\\nThomas Reid 1861- 7\\nLouis Racine 1868\\nJ ames Leach 1869\\nArthur Ross 1870- l\\nGideon Horning 1872\\nDavid McNally 1873\\nGideon Horning 1874\\nJames Leach 1875- 6\\nThomas Reid 1877\\nJames Leach 1878- 8l", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0906.jp2"}, "903": {"fulltext": "Mni ni TOWNSHIP\\n919\\ntJBE B8.\\nJames Farquharsou ls4 3\\nJohn Ritchie 1844\\nCeo. \\\\V. Chapman L845\\nJohn Malo ie 1846\\nSamuel Bemmenway 1847\\nJohn Malone l848- 53\\nJohn Ritchie 1854 69\\nJohn Mcintosh 1870\\nAndrew Leach L871\\nThomas Reid 1872 3\\nWilliam McGregor l874- 6\\nDuane M. Cook 1877 s\\nFrancis McNally 1879\\nPrank McNally. 1880\\nDavid McNally 1881\\nJUSTICES.\\nJ. Farquharson, -I. Ritchie, J. B.\\nWatkins, A. F. Bayden 1842\\nA. F. Bayden L843\\nThomas W. Wright 1844\\nWm H. Nelson, l\\\\ W. Wright.1845\\nJohn Maloae i s4\\nAlfred D. Goyer 1847\\nDaniel Bubbard 1848\\nRobert McCormick, 1). 15. Ross,\\nRitchie L849\\nJohn Malone 1850\\nHenry II. Wolcott, John Ritchie. 1851\\nRobert McCormick, J. B. Bomerl852\\nM. W Smith. Leander L. Hill. .1853\\nAmos Miner, B. F. Morse 1854\\nM. Black, L. VV. Vaughan,\\nPattee 1855\\nCharles L. Pattee 1856\\n}eo. W. Hover, Andrew Leach,\\nS. Sprague 1857\\nAustin Smith. .In--. B. Becker.. 1858\\nRussell S. Parker. Geo. Foltz.. .1859\\nAndrew Leach 1860\\nSeth Sprague\\nJno. Mcintosh, Russel L. Parker 18(34\\nWalter N. Chapin 1865\\nJohn P. Whitney, J. M.-Intosh I860\\nP. vv. McNally, Geo. Foltz 1867\\nChris. Nocolas, W. B. Chapin.. 1868\\nho. S. Tanner, I). Trumper. .180!)\\nW. X. Chapin. J. B. Becker. .1870\\nAndrew White, Geo. Foltz 1871\\nJohn Smith, Levi BruDSon 1872\\nJas. W. Morse, Geo. S Tanner. .1873\\nGeorge Foltz 1 874\\nteorge S. Tanner 187-*\\nPatrick Judge 1870\\nDavid McNally, Jos. fl. Becker,\\nP. F. Becker 1877\\nJames W. Morse 1878\\nFrancis W. McNally 187!)\\nDuane M. Cook.... 1880\\nBueu Luthbertson 1881\\nThe other officers of the township at present are: Charles Mc-\\nDonald, School Commissioner; Lyman S. Kibby, Superintendent\\nof Schools; Herbert Barrett, School Inspector; Wm. Boice, Drain\\nCommissioner; David Hopkins, Thomas Cnthbertson, Edward Dut-\\nton, Abram Young, Constables.\\nThese local legislators, fis well as their predecessors in office,\\nhave generally acted in a manner creditable to themselves and\\nprofitable to the citizens. Many of the early settlers were citizens\\nof foreign birth, who, on coming here, were not slow to realize the\\nposition which man holds in the Republic; and being cognizant of\\nwhat was due to themselves and to the county of their adoption,\\npushed forward the work of municipal organization, guarded their\\nprivileges well, were faithful to their neighbors, and by a course of\\nstrict adherence to the principles of industry, succeeded in raising\\nthat tract of the beautiful wilderness to the position of a rich agri-\\ncultural township.\\nTHE CHURCHES AND SCHOOLS.\\nThe church buildings of the township are those belonging to the\\nEpiscopal and Presbyterian societies. They are neat edifices, ach", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0907.jp2"}, "904": {"fulltext": "920\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY,\\nbearing testimony to the zeal of its supporters. Rev. Mr. Malcolm\\nis the present pastor of the Presbyterian Church.\\nThe schools of the township are well conducted. There are six\\ndistricts, each claiming a substantial school building. A reference\\nto the statistics given in the County History will show the number\\nof children attending these schools, together with the aggregate\\nnumber in the township at the date of the last census.\\nLA.ND-BUYER-\\nThe purchasers of the United States lands within the township\\nof Taymouth are named in the following list:\\nJames Bebee, sec 1, Jan 10, 1851\\nF. P. M. R. R., sec 1, July 15, 1871\\nJames Daily, sec 1, Oct 10, 1851\\nThomas Daily, sec 1, Oct 10, 1851\\nJacob Oarlock, sec 1, Jan 16, 1852\\nVolney ChapiD,sec 1, Aug 21, 1851\\nAbel T. Blackmar, see 2, Aus; 5, 1852\\nWilliam Post, sec 2, Jan 16, 1*52\\nPeter Leasia, sec 2. Nov 7, 1854\\nSamuel Wright, sec 2, July 31, 1851\\nNehemiah Phillips, sec 2, Jan 16, 1852\\nS. D. Kimball, sec 2, July 31, 1851\\nJohn Gilbert, sec 2, Oct 10, 1851\\nEzra Desbrow, sec 3, Sept 24, 1853\\nStephen Horey, sec 3, Nov 10, 1855\\nPhilip Sculler, sec 3, Aug 20, 1851\\nGilbert Parish, sec 3, Aug 20, 1851\\nThomas E. Dorsey, sec 3, Aus? 20, 1851\\nJohn Cleager, sec 3, July 31, 1851\\nJohn W. Denton, sec 3, Aug 20, 1851\\nSamuel Wright, sec 3, Aug 20, 1851\\nEli Z. Tripp, sec 3, Aug 4, 1851\\nJohn J. Waters, sec 4, Aug 20, 1851\\nSebastian Shipley, sec 4, Aug 20, 1851\\nPrudence Albaugh, sec 4, Aug 20, 1851\\nNathan Drake, sec 4, Aug 20, 1851\\nJohn S. Eastbrook, sec 4, Aug 22, 1853\\nHorace Morley, sec 4, Aug 20, 1851\\nAbiah Olds, sec 4, July 31, 1851\\nJohn S. Eastbrook, sec 5, Aug 22, 1853\\nJohn B. Hanier, sec 5, Nov 29, 1854\\nJames F. Clark, sec 5, June 15, 1836\\nNorman Little, sec 5, Aug 25, 1836\\nJames F. Clark, sec 6, June 15, 1836\\nH. H. LeRoy, sec 6, April 15, 18H7\\nJohn Farquharson, sec 6, Feb 15, 1836\\nJolm Malone, sec 6, Nov 5, 1835\\nJohn Paton, sec 7, June 9, 1834\\nT. L. L. Brent, sec 7, March 30, 1836\\nJohn Neate, sec 7, Oct 12, 1835\\nStephen Beers, sec 7, March 21, 1836\\nThomas J. Drake, sec 7, A pril 29, 1836\\nD. Houghton, sec 7, May 20, 1836\\nJohn A. Welles, sec 7, May 20, 1836\\nH. G. Hubbard, sec 7, May 20, 1836\\nJosiah Beers, sec 8, March 21, 1836\\nStephen Beers, sec 8, March 21, 1836\\nJames R. Slausson, sec 8, Oct 21, 1853\\nJ. Farquharson, sec 8, July 16 and Oct\\n8, 1835\\nGideon Paull, sec 8, Feb 13, 1836\\nWin. Barclay, sec 8, Oct 16, 1835\\nJohn S. LeRoy, sec 8, Aug 25, 1835\\nSylvanus D. Morgan, sec 9, Aug 4, 1851\\nSam l B. Newell, sec 9, July 31, 1851\\nJacob I. Mesick,sec9, Aug 20, 1851\\nGeo. Middleton, sec 9, Aug 21, 1851\\nDairi Slausson. jr., sec 9, Dec 16, 1835\\nMalcom Yerrington, sec 10, Aug 4, isr l\\nHenry Weaver, jr., sec 10, July 31, 1851\\nRilev Holley, sec 10, July 31*1851\\nT. L.*L. Brent, sec 10, April 11, 1836,\\nand March 26, 1836\\nPeter Lloyd, sec 11, July 31, 1851\\nGeo. J. Waliath, sec 11, July 31, 1851\\nWm. Smith, sec 11, July 31, 1851\\nT. L. L. Brent, sec 11, March 26, 1836\\nFrederick Baell, sec 12, June 25, 1836\\nJ. I. Channaud, sec 12, June 25, 1836\\nC Chamberlain, sec 12, Sept 16, 1837\\nJohn Montle, sec 12, Nov 11, 1854\\nLyman Park, sec 12, Jan 23, 1837\\nT! L. L. Brent, sees 12 and 13, March\\n26, 1836\\nAnson H. Bebee, sec 13, Nov 11. 1854\\nD. Houghton, sec 13, May 20, 1836\\nJohn A! Welles, sec 13, May 20, 1836\\nH.G.Hubbard, sec 13, May 20, 1836\\nT. I,. L. Brent, sec 14, Mar 26, 1836\\nD. Slausson, jr., sees 14 and 15, Dec 16,\\n1835\\nEdward Ottey, sec 15, June 13, 1836\\nRobert McCormick. sec 15, July 2, 1836\\nT. L. L. Brent, sec 15, March 26, 1836\\nTimothy Bat tell, sec 16, June 1. 1850\\nJohn Farquharson, sec 16, Oct 15, 1852\\nDavid Ross, sec 16, Dec 5, 1874\\nJohn Farquharson sec 17, July 16, 1835\\nJohn P. LeRoy, sec 17. Dec 5, 185:\\nD. Houghton, sec 17, May 20. 1831!\\nJohn A Welles, sec IT, May 20, 1836\\nH. G. Hubbard, sec 17, May 20, 1836", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0908.jp2"}, "905": {"fulltext": "I.U Mnl Til TOWNSHIP.\\n921\\nI!. V Ashley sec. IT. Feb. 19, 1836.\\nJames I*. Hayden,sec. 17, Jan 24, 1882.\\nWin. s Btevens, sec. 17, July 6, f-36.\\nTimothy Battell, sec. IT, Junel, 1850,\\nDouglas Boughton, sec. is. May 20,1836\\nJohn A. Welles,sec is. May 20, 1886.\\nBenryG. Bubbard, sec. is. May20,1836\\nJos H. Beeker, sec. 18, Sept. 11, 1854.\\nAurclia M. Battay,sec 1 8, Nov. 28, 1854\\nJas. R Slauson, Bee is. June 10, 1852\\nBenj. F. Partridge, sec. 19, April 1,1854\\nWin. I), [ngereoll, sec. 19, Nov. 11,1854\\nWin II. Nelson, sec. 19, Nov. 11. 1854.\\nGordon C. Cone, sec. 19, Jan. 15, 1855.\\nWin. Battay, sec. in, April 23, 1*55.\\nEdmund R. Row, sec. 2 Dec. 2, 1850,\\nami Dec. 2, 1851.\\n1). A. Pettibone, -or. 20, Aug. 5,1868.\\nEphraim Deffln,sec. 20,May 17,1867\\nWm. Y. Halev, sec. 20, July 26, 1870.\\nGeo W. Spencer, sec. 20, Aug 17.1868\\nla-. Bayden, sec. 20, Jan. 11, is. and\\nMay :i. 1856.\\nWm. B. Nelson, sec. 20, May 3. 1856.\\nWin. S. Haley, sec 80, Oct. 3, 1869.\\nCbas. J. Sutton, sec. 20, Dec.::, 1803\\nDarwin A. Pettibone. sec. 2), March\\n24. 1864\\nCbas. J. McLean, sec. 21, June 25, 1836\\nMissionary Society M. E. Church, sec.\\n21, Ncn ls 48\\nDavid 1). Ross. sec. 21 May 9, 1844.\\nTimothy Battel). Bee. 21. June 1, 1850.\\nNathaniel Nelson, sec. 21, July 11, and\\nAug Hi. is. i.\\nWm. s. Driggs, sec. 21, Dec. 2, 1852.\\nJohn Difflin, sec 21, May (i. 1856.\\nSab-Go -che-wa-osa-Saga, sec. 21. Feb. 1,\\n1851\\nPam-wa-rje-dung, sec. 21, March 1,1855\\nKab-be-wa-we-dung, sec. 21. March 1,-\\nIS.\\nMe-sa-be, sec. 21. March 1. 1855\\nAh-ne-me-re-gun, sec. 21. .March 1, 1855\\nF. P. M. R. R, sec. 21. Dec. 1. 1862\\nIra A. Blossom, sec 22. Jan. lit, ls:;.i.\\nElijah D. Efner, sec. 22. Jan. 19, 1836\\nWm s. Stev ns. sec 22. July 1836.\\nJas. Wadswonh, sec. 22, July 5, 1836.\\nChas.J McLean, sec. 22. May 20, 1836\\nIra A Blossom, sec. 2- Dec. 16, is:!.\\nElijah D. Efner, sec. 22, Dec 16, 1835.\\nMissionary Society M. B Church, sec.\\n22, Nov. 1848\\nGeo. Bradley, sec 22, March 21, 1848.\\nMau-gue-to-guma, sec 22. Dec. 3, 1845.\\nMa-oo-e-be-vacy, sec 22, Dec 3, 1845\\nIra A Blossom, sec 2:!. Dec 16, 1835,\\nand Jan. 19, 1836\\nElijah D. Efner, sec. 2:!. Dec. 16,18:15,\\nand Jan. 19,1836.\\nD Boughton, sec 24, May 20. 1836.\\nJohn A WMles, sec. 24, May 20, 1886\\nII Bubbard, sec. 21. May 20 1836.\\nLevi Cooley, sec. 25, Nov. 11, is. ,4\\nD.Houghton, sec 25, May 20, 1836\\nJohn A Welles, sec 25, Slav 20. 1836.\\nH. G Bubbard, sec 25, May 20, 1836.\\nDarius Diamond, sec. 25, Jan 9, 1855\\nBermon Camp, sec 25. Dec 8,1853.\\nIra A. Hlossom, sec.25, Dec 16, 1835.\\nElijahD. Efner, sec. 25, Dec. 16, 1835\\nIra A. Blossom, sec. 26. Dec. 16,1835,\\nJan 10. 1836\\nElijah I). Efner, sec 26, Dec. 16, 1835,\\nand Jan. 10, 1836.\\nWm.S Stevens sec 27, July 6, 1886.\\nGeo. Bradley, sec. 27, Aim- 21, 1847,\\nand Sep t 28, 1848\\nNelson Smith, sec. 27, May 2, 1846, and\\nAug. 21, 1847\\nSarah Morse, sec. 27, May 23, 1853.\\nMissionary Society M E. Church,\\n27, Nov. 1848, Jan. 5, 1854, and\\nFeb 14, 1855.\\nAndrew Wilson, sec. 27. May 12, and\\nJuly 16, 1853.\\nCeo. Smith, sec. 28. Aug. 15, 1853, and\\nMarch 1, 1855.\\nMissionary Society M. E. Church, sec.\\n28, Eel). 14, is.-,:,.\\nJas, P. Bayden, sic 28, Pec. 21, 1853,\\nand Jan. 31 and June 6. 1855.\\nA mini W. Wright, sec. 28. Oct 22, 1853\\nand Nov. 3, 1854.\\nBenj. F. Partridge, sec. 28. Nov. 29,\\n1853.\\nLah-Gah-che-wa-osa, sec. -28, May 20,\\n1856.\\nNah-wa-da-ge-zhick, sec. 28, May 20,\\nisr.fi.\\nAn-ne-me-knah-ung, sec. 28, May 20,\\n1856.\\nNa-/he yah lung, sec 28, May 20, 1856.\\nAsh-dah-ne-qua-by, sec. 2s, May 20,\\n1856.\\nGeo. N. Glover, sec. 28, June 8, 1864.\\nIlorton Warren, sec 29, Nov. 11, 1854.\\nBenj. F. Partridge, sec 29, Nov. 29,1853\\nDavid D Boss, sec 29, Jan 26, 1856.\\nF. A: P. M R. R., sec 29, Dec. 1, 1862.\\nDavid Ingersoll, sec. 30, Oct. 19, 1854.\\nJas. R Slausson, sec 30, May 18,1854.\\nI). Houghton, sec 31, May 20, 1836.\\nJohn A. Welles, sec. 31, May 20, 1836.\\nII. G. Hubbard, sec 31, May 20,1836.\\nAlex. Annis, sec. 32. Nov. 11, 1855\\nGeo. W. Olover, sec. 32, Nov. 11, 185.\\nD. Bousrhton, sec. 32. May 20, 1836.\\nJohn A. Welles, sec. 32, May 20, 1836.\\nII Hubbard, sec 32, May 20, 183\\nChris. Luke, sec 32, Dec. 10, 1863, and\\nJ urn 21. 1SC4.\\nDavid D. Bo sec. 32, Feb. 1,1856.\\nJohn Dill! in. sec. 32, Feb. 1,1856.\\nHenry Shaft, sec. 32. April 14, 1865.\\nAdna H. Gondii, sec. 32, Aug. 5, 186:!\\nRobt. Slater, sec 32. April 13,1866. and\\nFeb. 24. 1864.\\nE. L Goddard, 3ec 32. Nov. 4. 1863", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0909.jp2"}, "906": {"fulltext": "922\\nHISTORY OF SAUINAW COUNTY.\\nAnuni W. Wright, sec. 33, Nov. 2, and\\nNov. 17, 1853, and July 5 and Nov.\\n8, 1855.\\nJohn Ritchie, sec 33, June 12, 1844,\\nOct. 1,1852, and June 13, 1855.\\nJohn Farquharson, sec 33, Oct. 4, 1850\\nArchibald Morse, see. 33, Aug. 4, 1848.\\nF. P. M. R.R., see. 33, Dec. 1, 1862.\\nWrn. S. Stevens, see. 34, July 6, 1886.\\nIra F. Payson, sec. 34, April 1851.\\nThos. V. Rogers, sec. 34, April 9, 1851.\\nJas. Ritchie, sec. 34, May 13, 1850.\\nJohn Ritchie, sec. 34, May 24, 1850.\\nIra F. Payson, sec. 34, July 2, 1840.\\nJas. McFarlin,sec. 34, May 1,1856.\\nDavid Dorward, sec. 34, Dec. (i, 1850.\\nJas. Dorward, sec. 34, Dec. 6, 1850.\\nThos. Stevenson, see. 35, Sept. 13, 1853\\nAlex. D. Fraser, sec. 35, March 11,1830\\nAlex. Me Arthur, see. 35, March, 11 r\\n1836.\\nC.Hurlbut, sec. 35, March 11, 1838.\\nJas. Davidson, sec. 35, March 11, 1836\\nA. Ten Eyck, see. 35, March 11. 1836.\\nWin. II. Craig, sec. 35, March 16, 1854\\nJas. Craig, sec. 35, Dec. 26, 1863,\\nHerman Camp, sec. 35, Feb. 24, 1854\\nand sec. 36, Dec. 8, 1853.\\nJosiah Turner, sec. 36, Feb. 16, 1855.\\nPhilip Vanpatton, sec. 36, Nov.10, 1854\\nTillnipS. Mastin, sec. 36, Jan. 22, 1855\\nAlfred Coonrod, sec. 36, Jan. 22, 1855.\\nAlex. McArthur, sec. 36, March 11,\\n1836.\\nAlex. D. Fraser, sec. 36, March 11,1836\\nC. Hurlhut, sec. 36, March 11, 1836.\\nJas. Davidson, sec. 36, March 11, 1836-\\nA. Ten Eyck, sec. 36, March 11, 1836.\\nMany of those land-purchasers were speculators in the truest\\nsense of the word. To the occupying proprietors, who made their\\nhomes in the midst of the dense forest, all the honor is due of\\nclearing this portion of the wilderness, and raising it to a high\\nposition among the townships of the county.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.\\nIn the following sketches many of the pioneers of Taymouth\\nare noticed, and the story of their settlement related\\nThomas Bailey, sixth son of Nathaniel and Salina (Hunter) Bai-\\nley, was born in Elzevir tp. Hastings Co., Can., Sept. 13, 1853. He\\nfollowed lumbering until 18 years of age, when he learned the\\nblacksmith s trade and has worked at it ever since. He came to\\nTaymouth tp. in July, 1879, and built a blacksmith shop on sec.\\n27, opposite the flouring mill. He was married in Drumniond tp.,\\nLanark Co.. Can., Dec 31, 1876, to Mary E., daughter of James\\nand Margaret (Craig) Robinson, born Jan. 8, 1856. They have 3\\nchildren John N., born in Lanark Co, Can., Nov. 12, 1876;\\nJames H., born April 5, 1878, and Thomas E., born Aug. 8, 1880.\\nIn politics Mr. Bailey is a Democrat, and himself and wife are\\nmembers of the Presbyterian Church.\\nW. Z.Baker, first son of William and Louisa (London) Baker,\\nwas born Oct. 16, 1819, and is of English ancestry. At the age of\\n12 he started to draw merchandise from Auburn to Weedsport.\\nCayuga Co., N. Y., and was engaged at this until 20 years of age.\\nHe then worked on alarm in the same county for Nathan tl. Say re\\nsix years. He was married at Victory, Cayuga Co., N. Y., Dec. 13,\\n1818, to Caroline E. Eider, born at Victory, Jan. 14, 1827; 7\\nchildren have been given them, 4 living, Dency E., born at Han-\\nnibal, Oswego Co., N. Y., Oct. 20, 1851, William J., born at Han-\\nnibal, June 7, 1853; Judson H., born at Victory, Julv 25, 1855;\\nCarrie L., born at Pt. Byron, same county, Dec. 26, 1857; Joseph\\nR, born at Murray, Orleans Co., July 1, 1860; George L., born at", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0910.jp2"}, "907": {"fulltext": "TAYMOUTH TOWNSHIP. 923\\nSouth Saginaw, Oct. 28, 1866, and Oscar J., born at South Saginaw,\\nJan. 14, 186 Mr. Baker went to Deerlield, Livingston Co.,\\nMich., in October, 1861, but was unable to do anything for three years\\non account of a lame leg. He then removed to South Saginaw,\\nand engaged in running an engine in Flagler York s salt works\\nthree years. He was subsequently employed in Swift Lock-\\nwood s saw-mill for seven years. In the fall of 1875, he came to\\nTaymonth tp., and purchased 85 acres of land on sec. 32. Mr. Baker\\nis a Republican in politics, and has served his to. as School Direc-\\ntor two years.\\nHerbert Barrett, Hrst son of Philip and Dolly (Elmer) Barrett,\\nwas born at Hinsdale, Cheshire Co., N. II., March 0, 1846. In the\\nfall of 1866. he came to East Saginaw and teamed it for five years,\\nand was subsequently engaged in the milk business for 1 years.\\nIn 1880 he came to Taymonth tp., and purchased 106 acres of land\\non sec. 22. He was married at Hinsdale, 1ST. EC, March 29. 1870,\\nto Mary A. Barrett, daughter of Otis and Laura S. (Powers) Bar-\\nrett, born at Hinsdale, Cheshire Co., N. H., March 2, 1845. They\\nhave 6 children Maud, born Jan. 21, 1871; Dolly G., Sept. 16,\\nL873; Jesse, born in East Saginaw, May 8, 1875; Philip C, born\\nJune 1, 1877; Olive M.. born July 8, 1879; Nellie B.. born in\\nTaymonth tp., March 8, 1881. In politics Mr. B. is Republican,\\nand also a member of the Freemasons Lodge, No. 303, Ancient\\nLandmark F. A. M.\\nPerley F. Becker, 3d son of Joseph II. and Catherine A. (Defoe)\\nBecker, was born at Deerfield, Niagara Co., N. Y., Sept. 18, 1848.\\nHe attended school until 17 years of age at Gassport, Niagara Co.,\\nand Bridgeport, Saginaw Co., and then engaged in brick-making\\nnine years. When quite young his parents moved to Bridgeport,\\nand to Taymonth in 1855. In the spring of 1866 Perley purchased\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2In acres of land on sec. 1% He subsequently purchased 8 acres\\nadjoining. In the fall of 1875 he sold 40 acres and now owns 80\\nacres. lie was married in Bridgeport, June 23, 1872, to Ella H.\\nTupper, daughter of Aleck \u00e2\u0080\u00a2Tupper, D. D., born at Clarkston,\\nOakland Co., Mich., Nov. 28, 1853. They have 4 children-\\nArthur O., born in Bridgeport, May 14, 1873. The remaining\\n3 were born in Taymonth tp., -Carrie L., born Jan. 19, 1875;\\nJosieE., born April 8, 1877, and Samuel, born Nov. 23, 1879. In\\npolitics Mr. Becker is a Republican, and has been To. Commis-\\nsioner two years.\\nJoel Blair, jr., second son of Joel, sr. and Fanny (Henry)\\nBlair, was born in Niagara Co., N Y.. Oct. 3, 1837. His father\\nwas born in Pennsylvania in 1805, of Irish ancestry. His mother\\nwas born at Dublin, Ireland, in 1805. He was engaged at fanning\\nuntil l.~ years of age and has since been engaged in the pineries 27\\nyears, 25 years of. which he has been foreman. He rafted from Port\\nHuron to Detroit 12 years. lie came with his parents to St. Clair\\nCo., Mich., in the fall of 1817. lie was married at Port Huron,\\nSt. Clair Co., Mich., Aug. 14, 1862, to Rosa J., daughter of Newton", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0911.jp2"}, "908": {"fulltext": "!ll 4 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nand Sarah A. (Smith) Carpenter, born at Port Huron, Match 20,\\nlb44. They have 2 children Nellie J,, born at Wales, St. Clair\\nCo., Mich., Mar. 5, 1865, and Estella S., born at Saginaw City,\\nJan. 14, 1870. Mr. Blair came to Taymouth tp. in the spring of\\n1874, and in June of 1876 he purchased 80 acres of land on sec.\\n22, moving there in 1879. In politics he is a Democrat. Mr.\\nBlair belongs to the Masonic order, Saginaw Valley Lodge, No. 154,\\nand Joppa Chapter No. 63, R. A. M.\\nWilliam IT. Bronson, farmer, sec. 12, was born in Pennsylva-\\nnia in 1847. His parents, Levi and Huldah (Hayden) Bronson,\\nnatives of Connecticut, of English descent, reside with William H.\\non the farm. He was educated in the public schools of East Sagi-\\nnaw, and at the age of 15 years entered the Saginaw postoffice as\\nclerk and afterward in Little s bank, and then in a store in\\nN. Y. city as clerk, remaining as such for six years. Mr. Bronson\\nowns 160 acres of land, is Republican in politics, and has been\\nfinancially successful in life. He has been School Superintendent\\nand Tp. Assessor, and in 1SS was U. S. census-taker. In 1868\\nhe married Emma Newkirk, a native of New Jersey. Her father\\nwas High Sheriff of Herkimer Co., N., Y. for 14 years. They\\nhave 5 children, 3 daughters and 2 sons.\\nThomas Cuthbertson, second son of Hugh and Jane (Wallace)\\nCuthbertson, was born at West Bloomfield, Oakland Co., Mich.,\\nApril 17, 1833. His father was born in Kilmarnock, Ayrshire,\\nScotland, Dec, 179!.). His mother was born in Kilmarnock, in 1810-\\nAt the age of 15, he came to Bay City, Mich., and engaged in driv.\\ning team for James Frazer. He also engaged as a sawyer 10 years.\\nIn the fall of 1860 he went to New Orleans, and to avoid being\\npressed into the Southern army he sailed to England in December\\nof that year. The following April, he returned to New York, and\\nat Troy, Rensselaer Co., N. Y., April 1H 1861, re-enlisted in Co.\\nA, 2d Reg. N. Y. Vol. Inf., nnder Captain William Armitage, and\\nserved 25 months in the army of the Potomac. He was finally\\nwounded and sent to Potomac Creek hospital, and was mustered out\\nMay 21, 1863. He then returned to Bay City and re-enlisted Jan.\\n1, 1864, in Co. D, First Mich. Cav., under Capt. Lusk. He was\\non detached service 17 months, and was discharged June 9, 1865.\\nHe then came to Taymouth, and purchased a house and one acre of\\nland, and a life lease on four acres, situated on sec. 22. He was\\nmarried at Bay City, Dec. 27, 1852, to Mrs. Alice Buckley, daugh-\\nter of George Edgly. Mr. C. has been married three times, the\\nsecond time in Calhoun Co., Mich., in 1855, to Hannorah Quinlan.\\nThey had 3 children, 2 of whom are still living\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Edward James,\\nborn at Bay City, Oct. 1, 1856, and Ellen J., born at Bay City in\\n1858. He was married the third time in 1875 to Jane Raney, who\\nwas born in Aberdeen, Scotland, in 1819. In politics Mr. C. is a\\nRepublican.\\nJames Dorward,jr., son of James, sr., and Mary (Reaich) Dor-\\nward, was born in Forfarshire, Scotland, Oct. 14, 1826. His", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0912.jp2"}, "909": {"fulltext": "TAYMOUTfl TOWN8HIP. 925\\nparents were born in 1801. His first occupation was shoe making,\\nat which he was engaged 10 years. He came to the United States\\nin the spring of 1846, and the following winter himself and brother\\npurchased 8 acres of land opposite Bay City, which they cleared of\\nstave timber and sold the land the following spring. In the fall of\\n1847 Jthey came to Tay mouth tp.and purchased 60 acres of land\\non the Flint river, from which they cleared the pine timber. They\\nwere engaged in lumbering for a number of years in Taymouth,\\nMontrose and other tps., and finally Mr. D. settled in Tay-\\nmouth tp. in the spring of 1864, purchasing 108 acres of land on\\nsec. 8. lie was married in Montrose tp., Genesee Co., Mich., Oct. 21,\\n1866, Margaret, daughter of William and Euphemia(Dean) Logan,\\nborn in Canada, Aug. 17, 1845. They have 4 children, all born\\nin Taymouth tp. Mary E., born Sept. 11, 1868; William J., born\\nMay 1, 1870, Charles A., born July 7, 1874; Eunice M., born Jan.\\n13, 1881. In politics Mr. D. is a Democrat, and himself and wife\\nare members of the Presbyterian Church.\\nScott M. Harwell, third son of Hiram and Margaret (Skinner)\\nFarwell. was born in Fulton Co., Ohio, Sept. 2, 1848. His father\\nwas born Aug. 25, 1808, in Chautauqua Co., N. Y., of Irish ancestry\\nHis mother was born May 25, 1800, of AVelsh ancestry. He was\\nraised on a farm until 18 years of age, when he engaged in a woolen\\nfactory live years, four years of which he was boss weaver. He\\nthen engaged in a foundry six months as molder and turner, and\\nsubsequently went into a cabinet shop, where he remained two\\nyears. He came to Taymouth tp. in January, 1876, and purchased 40\\nacres of land on sec. 29. He also has three-fourths of an acre on\\nsec. 38, on which he has a house and cabinet shop, in which he is\\nengaged, and has all the business himself and one man can do. He\\nwas married at Hudson, Lenawee Co., Mich., July 3, 1871,\\nto Mary, daughter of William and Sarnantha (Chase) Coulson,\\nborn at Seneca, Lenawee Co., Mich., Oct. 1, 1S52. They have\\nhad 3 children, 2 living John C, born at Seneca, Lenawee\\nCo., Aug, 7,1874, and MaryE., born in Taymouth tp., Nov. 25,\\n1878; Maggie was born at Seneca, Nov. 5, 1872, and died Sept. 2,\\n1873. In politics Mr. Farwell is a Republican.\\nHenry Fawcett, eldest son of James and Esther (Robinson)\\nFawcett, was born in County Sligo, Ireland, Dec. 12, 1831. His\\nfather and mother were born in Ireland in 1797. In August, 1852,\\nhe came to America with his parents and settled at Cohoes, N. A\\nHe came to Taymouth tp. thre\u00c2\u00b0 years later, and purchased 103\\nacres of land, 63 of which are situated on sec. 16, the remainder on\\nsec. adjoining. He now has 7 acres under cultivation. He\\nwas married in Taymouth, July 17, 1865, to Elizabeth, daughter\\nof William and Margaret (Farr) Moore, born Jan. 29, 1S48. Four\\nchildren have been sent to them, 3 of whom are living, and all born\\nin Taymouth tp. Margaret, born Aug. 23, 1875; Henry, born\\nJuly 5, 1877, and John, born Jan 27. 1881; William J. was born\\nMarch 21, 1867 and died May 5, 1867. Mrs. Fawcett died Jan.\\n2s. 1881. In politics Mr. Fawcett is a Democrat.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0913.jp2"}, "910": {"fulltext": "926 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nGardner W. floater, first son of Nathaniel and Mary (Moore)\\nFoster, was born on the banks of the Tittabawassee river, three\\nmiles from Saginaw City, on what is called the Vogt farm,\\nMarch 7, 1831. He is considered by many to be the first white\\nchild born in Saginaw county. When five years of age, his\\nfather, a carpenter and joiner, and also a millwright, moved into\\nSaginaw City, and worked at his trade five years, then removed\\nto Bridgeport, and purchased 100 acres of land on sec. 21, one\\nmile from where the present town of Bridgeport is situated. When\\n20 years of age, Gardner left the farm, and went on the lake s\\nas a seaman four summers, and worked in the pineries during the\\nwinters. He then returned home and bought the homestead,\\nwhich had in the meantime been increased to 115 acres. He also\\nbought 80 acres adjoining, where he resided two years, and was\\nmarried July 15, 1855, to Martha C, daughter of Stephen and\\nAbbey (Sheldon) Lytle, born at Madrid, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.,\\nSept. 20, 1837! They have 7 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Charles G., born in\\nBridgeport, Mar. 3, 1859, the remaining six being born in Tav-\\nmouth tp. Edward L., born June 2, 1863, Katie A., born Dec.\\n26, 1866; Ella-E., born Mar. 23, 1869; Guv F., bornMay 26, 1871;\\nHattie M., born Sept. 14, 1873, and Jesse G., born Aiig. 2, 1876.\\nMr. Foster is a member of Masonic Order, Lodge No. 55, of Bridge-\\nport. He came to Taymouth tp. in the summer of 1861, and\\nhimself and Lorenzo Hodgeman purchased 231 acres of land on\\nsec. 6, of which he still owns 100 acres. He also purchased 171\\nacres adjoining, and 20 acres on sec. 21, Albee tp. He has 160\\nacres under cultivation. His farm is situated on the Flint river.\\nCharles T. Qarries, son of William and Julia A. (Schoville) Gar-\\nries, was born at Naples, Ontario Co., N. Y., Feb. 9, 1812, and is\\nof German and French ancestry. When three years of age, his\\nparents moved to Macomb Co., Mich., nearMt. Clemens, and pur-\\nchased a farm on which they resided four years. They then re-\\nmoved to St. Clair county, where Charles was married Nov. 1,\\n1862, to Sarah A., daughter of Henry and Ann (Rattle) Glasier,\\nwho was born in Ireland, Oct. 11, 1814. Of their 7 children 6\\nare living William H., born at Lexington, Sanilac Co., Mich.,\\nAug. 19, 1863; George E., born at St. Charles, Saginaw Co., Mich.,\\nMar. 25, 1867; John H., born in Taymouth tp., Nov. 28, 1869;\\nRose A., born in St. Charles, Mar. 25, 1872; Mary E., born in St.\\nCharles, May 3, 1874; and Arthur H., born at Montrose, Genesee\\nCo., Mich., Feb. 3, 1881. Hattie C. was born in Montrose tp.\\nGenesee Co., Mich., Oct. 27, 1879, and died Oct. 28 1880. In\\npolitics Mr. Games is a Democrat, and himself and wife are mem-\\nbers of the M. E. Church.\\nLemuel Hall, fifth son of Hubbard and Lettis (Patridge) Hall,\\nwas born in Scoharie Co., N. Y., Mar. 11, 1834, of English and\\nSpanish ancestry. He came to Oakland Co., Mich., when two\\nyears of age, where he remained until 21 years of age, when he\\nwent to Port Austin, on Lake Huron, and engaged in lumbering\\nand working in saw-mills until July, 1873, when he removed to", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0914.jp2"}, "911": {"fulltext": "lAVMorrn township. 927\\nTaymouth tp., and purchased one acre of land on sec. 33, and en-\\ngaged in the hotel business four years. In lsSO he purchased\\nso acres on sec. 23 Montrose tp., Genesee Co., and 2 acres in\\nTaymouth tp., on sec. 21. He was married at Caseville, Huron\\nCo Mich.. Dec. LO, L867, to Melissa, daughter of William and\\nJane (Deforest) Weir, born in Canada, ana died. Nov. 5, 1868\\nMr. Hall lias been married twice, the second time at East Sagi-\\nnaw. .Inly LO, l s 7- to Fredrica Stephens, born in Switzerland,\\nNov. 26, L833. In the spring of L873, lie Opened a general store,\\nand carries on a thriving business.\\nAndrew Haynes, second son of Yan Rensselaer and Roxy A.\\n(Keyes) Ilaynes, was born at Brighton, Out., June 4, 183(5, of Ger-\\nman ancestry. He was married Mar. 31, 1858, at Brighton, Can.,\\nto Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph and Catherine Masters, born July\\n6, 1841. Of their 5 children 2 are living, both at Brighton, Can.,\\nWilliam R., born Dec. 24, 1859, and George, born May 20, 1861.\\nMr. Ilaynes came to Taymouth tp. in the fall of 1876, and bought\\n80 acres of land on sec. 12. In politics he is a Republican. His\\nwife is a member of the Methodist Church.\\nWilliam Henry, third son of Alexander and Elizabeth (Boyd)\\nHenry ,\\\\vas born in County Antrim, Ireland, Aug. 12, 1852. He came\\nto Canada in 1872, with his brother Francis, and settled at Ottawa,\\nwhere he remained until the fall of 1875, when he came to East\\nSaginaw, and engaged in loading and unloading vessels. In 1874\\nhe came to Taymouth tp., and himself and brother bought 80 acres\\nof land on sec. 32, which they are speedily converting into a fertile\\nand productive farm. His mother is living with him and keeping\\nhouse for him. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Her\\nhusband died in County Antrim, Ireland. He was the son of Alex-\\nander Ilenrj 7 a Presbyterian minister. The grandfather of Alex-\\nander Henry on the mother s side was also a Presbyterian minister.\\nErnst Herjpet, son of Philip and Julianna (Coch) Herpel, was\\nborn in Prussia. Jan. 10, 1827. His father was born in Prussia in\\n1802, and died in April, 1850. His mother was born in 1804. His\\nfather was engaged in the treasury department in the pity of Ems,\\nwith a country residence two miles from the city. Ernst attended\\nschool in the city of Ems eight years, until he arrived at the age of\\n14, when he went as an apprentice to learn the upholstering trade,\\nat which he was engaged seven years. He then entered the Prus-\\nsian army as a Yagar, or sharpshooter, and rose to be First Lieu-\\ntenant. He was wounded in both hands in war with Denmark.\\nIn the fall of 1857 he came to the United States, and resided in\\nNew York city three months, then came West and settled be-\\ntween Concord and Spring Arbor, Jackson Co., Mich., where\\nhe remained eight years. He then removed to East Saginaw and\\nengaged in the upholstering business several years, and came to\\nTaymouth tp. in the fall of 1868, and purchasing 180 acres of land\\non sec. 7, also 180 on sec. 1, Albee tp. He. was married Dec. 1,\\n1852, to Kathrina. daughter of Philip and Barbara Miller .born in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0915.jp2"}, "912": {"fulltext": "928 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nLima, Baden, Oct. 22, 1826. They have no children of their own,\\nbut adopted a boy named John when quite small, who now resides in\\nAlbec tp. He was born in 1856. Mr. Herpel and wife are members\\nof the Reformed Church, and lie is a Republican. He is also a\\nKnight Templar Mason, and attended the famous conclave at Chi-\\ncago; 111., 1880.\\nJames Kerr, fourth son of Martin and Rosina (Gracy) Kerr, was\\nborn in Ayrshire, Scotland, May 16, 1851. In the fall of 1870 he\\nwent to London, Ont., Canada, and remained one year. He then\\nremoved to Michigan, and settled in Tay mouth tp., where he\\npurchased 70 acres ofland on sec. 26. He was married Dec. 20,\\nL875, to Maggie, daughter of William and Agnes Reid, born April\\n9, 1860. They have 3 children Wiliiain R., born Jan. 1, 1877;\\nAgnes M., born Oct. 9, 1878, and Rosana G., born Aug. 6, 1880.\\nIn politics Mr. K. is a Democrat, and himself and wife are mem-\\nbers of the Presbyterian Church.\\nAndrew Leach, son of David and Ann (Durham) Leach, was\\nborn and reared on a farm in Wigtonshire, Scotland. He was\\nmarried April 29, 1840, to Margaret, daughter of Joseph and\\nAgnes (JNesbit) Logan, who was born March 7, 1817. They had\\n4 children born in Scotland James, born Sept. 11, 1811; David,\\nborn Aug. 22, 1843, and died in Taymouth tp., April 8, 1864;\\nAndrew, born March 8, 1845; Jane I)., born May 10, 1847, and\\ndied July 28, 1854. He came to America in the fall of 1848, and\\nsettled in Rensselaer Co., N. Y., where their 5th child, Agnes,\\nwas born Oct. 31, 1849. After a residence of 18 months he re-\\nmoved to Detroit, Mich., in the spring of 1850. While there\\nthey had 3 children born John, born Aug. 22, 1851, and died\\nSept. 26, 1852; Mary, born Feb. 22, 1853, and Margaret, born\\nOct. 1\u00c2\u00bb 1854, who died. In the spring of 1856, he removed to-\\nsec. 30, Albee tp., which then formed a portion of Taymouth tp..\\nand purchased 240 acres of land. He was the third settler in\\nAlbee tp. In the spring of 1862 he came to Taymouth tp. and\\nbought 168 acres of land on sec. 8. Since coming to Taymouth\\ntp. they have had 6 children born Margaret and Joseph, born\\n)ct. lo, 1854 (the latter died when an infant); Jane D., born Aug.\\n1, 1858; Joseph and John, burn May 10, 1861. One child was\\nstill-born. In politics Mr. Leach is a Republican. He has been\\n.Justice of the Peace four years, Tp. Treasurer one year, and High-\\nway Commissioner one year. Mr. Leach and wife are members\\nf the Presbyterian Church.\\nJames Leat -h, eldest son of Andrew and Margaret (Logan) Leach,\\nwas born at Wigtonshire, Scotland, Sept. 14, 1842. His parents\\nwere born at the same place, father Sept. 9, 1819, and mother\\nMarch 8, 1821. He came to America with his parents in July,\\n1847. and settled near Troy, X. Y. They removed to Detroit,\\nMich., in January, 1850. After a residence of six years he came\\nto Taymouth tp. in April, 1856, with his parents, and settled on\\nsec. 8. He was married Sept. 17, 1866, to Elizabeth, daughter of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0916.jp2"}, "913": {"fulltext": "TAYMOUTH TOWNSHIP. 929\\nGeorge and Mary Catherine (Reel) Foltz, born May 8, 1850.\\nThey have 5 children David, horn Dec. L867; George F.. born\\nApril 23, L869; Margaret, born An--, 4, L871; -lane born July 22,\\nL873; and Andrew, born Feb. 26, 1881. In the Bpring of 1868\\nMr. L. bought 80 acres of land, 50 on sec. 22 and 25 acres on Bee.\\n21, 30 of which are improved. At presenl he is Tp. Clerk, and\\nhas held that office for eight years, also Highway Commissioner\\nfive years, and School Director 12 years. lie is a Republican.\\nWilliam Mb Gregor was born in Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland,\\nMay L9, L839. His lather, Archibald McGregor, was horn in Nov-\\nember, 1790. His mother, Agnes (Patterson) McGregor, was born\\nAug. 2. L792. William attended school until he arrived at the\\nage of IT, when he came to America and settled in Detroit, Mich.\\nPie went to work on ;l farm, and in the fall of 1857 purchased 80\\nacres of land on sec. 35, this tp., but did not move here until the\\nspring of 1866. At Saginaw City, Aug. 13, 1862, he enlisted in\\nCo. E, 23d Keg. Mich.Tol. Inf., under Capt Henry C. Neville,\\nwho died before the regiment left the city. He served three years\\nin tin- army of the Cumberland under Gen. Sherman, and was\\ndischarged at Detroit, July 27, 1805. He then came to Taymouth\\ntp. He was married at Flushing, Genesee Co., Mich., Dec.\\nL865, to [sabelle, daughter of Alexander and Margery (McDonald i\\nMiller. Mrs. Mc Gregor was born at Rochester, X. Y., July 28,\\n1841. They have 5 children, all natives of Taymouth tp.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Alex-\\nander, born Oct. 13, 1866; William P., horn Aug. 6, 1868;\\nMargery, horn April 2, 1870; James, born Jan. 10, 1s7l and\\nArchibald, born Feb. 17, L875. Mr. McGregor was Township Com-\\nmissioner six years, and Treasurer four years. In politics he is a\\nDemocrat and also a member of I. 0. 0. F. and P. of H. societies.\\nJohn M~ //o?ie, first son of Owen and Ann Eagles) Malone, was\\nborn at Williamsport, Pa., May 3, 1811. His parents removed to\\nBig Muncy, Pa., where he remained until 19 years of age, when\\nhe came to Tecumseh, Lenawee Co., Mich., in 1833 and engaged\\nwith Gen. Brown, who then ran a stage between Detroit and\\nChicago. He came to Taymouth in the fall of 1836, and bought\\n52 acres of land on sec. 6, since which time he has purchased 61 acres\\nadjoining. Mi-. Malone is the oldest living settler on the Flint\\nriver, in Taymouth tp. When he first came to Taymouth provis-\\nions were so scarce and far away it was difficult to procure\\nthem; the only meat himself and family had for several years was\\nvenison. Mr. Malone was married at Saginaw City, Aug. 21,\\nfl.836, to Ann. daughter of James and Ellen (Garrett) McCormick,\\nborn near Albany, N. Y., ii]XlS39#.cThey have 7 children, all of\\nwhom were born in Taymouth tp. Julia, born Julv 24, 1838;\\nLouisa, born Sept. 2, L840; Ellen, born Nov. 22, 1842; Andrew,\\nborn April 28, 1857; Charles, born July 4, 1859; Archibald\\nborn Aug. 16, 1861, and John, born March 10, 1866. Mr. Malone\\nis a prominent farmer, and has taken quite an interest in the wel-\\nfare of thetp. He lias been Tp. Treasurer five or six years. Com-\\n56", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0917.jp2"}, "914": {"fulltext": "930 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTT.\\nmissioner and Justice of the Peace several rears. In politics he\\nis Democratic.\\nHewry McFarland, son of James and Ann Steward Mc Far-\\nland, was born in Perthshire. Scotland, April 12, 1833. His father\\nis a native of Inverness. Scotland. At the age of 23, Henry\\ncame to America and settled in Taymouth tp., resided here two\\nyears, and then removed to Hamilton, Canada West, where lie\\nremained four years. He then located at Saginaw City, and\\nengaged in lumbering. He went to Montrose, Genesee Co., Mich.,\\nin the spring of 1871, and purchased 04 acres of land on sec. 3, 45\\nof which are under cultivation. He was married Oct. 5, 1871, to\\nEliza, daughter of Thomas and Mary (Foley) McNally. His\\nwife belongs to the Church of England. He has been extensively\\nengaged in lumbering for 14 j^ears.\\nFrancis W. McN alley, son of Francis and Eliza (Waterson)\\nMcN alley, was born in Downshire, Ireland, May 4, 1S3S. His\\nfather was born on the day the battle of Waterloo was fought, and\\ndied Aug. 25, 1880. He attended school until 12 years of\\nage; then went into his father s shop and engaged in making\\nhorse-shoe nails. He came to this country when six years of age,\\nwith his mother; his father came over the year previous. They\\nsettled at Cincinnati, O., where he resided until April 18,1861,\\nwhen he enlisted in Co. C, 5th Eeg. O. Vol. Inf., under Captain\\nHenry E. Symes. and served as private one year, then was pro-\\nmoted to hospital steward, which position he filled for several\\nmonths, and was subsequently sent to Washington with Gen.\\nShield s wounded. He was then appointed as steward in the reg-\\nular army, and continued in that capacity until July 22, 1865, when\\nhe was discharged, having served four years and three months. He\\nreturned to Hamilton Co., O., and engaged in farming. In the\\nwinter ol 1866, he came to Taymouth tp., and purchased 240 acres\\nof land on sec. 23, which he afterward sold; in 1867 he built a\\nhouse and started a store on sec. 17, and carried on quite an exten-\\nsive business for several years. He now owns a good farm of\\n165 13-10* acres on sec. 17, where he resides. He was married\\nnear North Bend, O., Oct. 25,1865, to Harriet, daughter of Josiah\\nP. and Harriet X. (Plu miner) Hunt, born Jan. 25, 1841. They\\nhave 7 children, born in Taymouth tp.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John, born Nov. 15, 1866;\\nFrancis W.. born Nov. 10, 1868; Josiah P., born Aug. 23, 1870;\\nMatthew, born Mar. 29, 1873; Mary J., born Nov. S, 1875, and Har-\\nriet E., born Sept. 11, 1877. Mr. McNallev has been Supervisor\\nthree terms successively, Postmaster seven years, Justice of the\\nPeace nearly eight years, besides filling various other offices. Tn\\npolitics he is Republican.\\nDavid McNalley, second son of Francis and Elizabeth (Water-\\nson i McNal ley, was born in Cincinnati, O., Oct. 3, 1S44. He\\nattended school until 14 years of age, and then went to work in\\nhis father s shop making horse-shoe nails until 20 years of age.\\nOn Feb. 14, 1865, he enlisted in Co. F, 5th Ohio Vol. Inf., 20th", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0918.jp2"}, "915": {"fulltext": "TAYMOUTH TOWNSHIP. 931\\nArmy Corps, under Sherman. He was discharged Aug. 4, 1865,\\nand returned to the home of his parents who had moved 16 miles\\nfrom Cincinnati in the country. In the fall of 1866 he came\\nto Taymonth tp. with his parents, where they purchased 165 acres\\nof land on the Flint river, known as the old Hayden farm, the\\noldest farm inthetp. His father died Aug. 25,1880. He was mar-\\nried in Taymonth tp., Mar. 20,1872. to Mary E. Difrin, daughter\\nof John and Helen (Ross) Difrin, born in Tay mouth Dec. 22,1 855.\\nThey have 5 children, born in Taymonth tp., Elizabeth, born July\\n23, 1873; David, born Dec. 27, 1874; Francis L.,born Dec. 11, 1S76;\\nJohn, born June 25, 1870; and Helen, born Mar. 14, 1881. Mr.\\nMcN. has been Tp. Clerk one year, Justice four years, School Di-\\nrector six years, and School Inspector two years. He is at present\\nTp. Treasurer, and also Secretary of the Flint River Valley Agri-\\ncultural Society. In politics he is Republican. Mr. McNalley\\nwas a member of the Cincinnati Home Guards at the time Kirby\\nSmith and Gen. Bragg made their raid. The Home Guards from\\nCincinnati crossed the river and held the enemy in check until\\nthey finally retreated.\\nFrank McNally, fifth son of Thomas and Mary Ann (Foley)\\nMcXally, was born in County Down, Ireland, Aug. 15, 1847,\\nand came with his parents to America in 1855. His first occu-\\npation was in the pineries, where he went when 15 years of\\nage, and remained until 30 years of age, chiefly in the Saginaw\\nValley. In the spring of 1857 he came with his parents to Tay-\\nmonth tp., and settled on sec. 33. He now owns 45 acres of land\\non sec. 27, also 75 acres in Montrose tp., Genesee Co., 75 of\\nwhich are now under cultivation. He was married in Richland\\nCo.. Feb. 28, 1878, to Louisa, daughter of Ferdinand and Mar-\\ngaret (Zechmeister) Brncker. born in Bridgeport tp., Saginaw\\nCo., Oct. 30, 1856. They had 1 child\u00e2\u0080\u0094 William H., born in\\nTaymonth tp., Jan. 27, 1879, and died April 8, 1881. Mr. M.\\nhas been Tp. Treasurer two years, and is a member of the P. of H.\\nIn politics he is a Democrat. His wife is a member of the Epis-\\ncopal Church.\\nJames W. Jlorse, son of Nathaniel and Sarah A. (Dodge) Morse,\\nwas born at Massena, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Jan. 1, 1837. His\\nfather was born at Sullivan, Cheshire Co., N. H., Feb. 25, 1814, of\\nEnglish ancestry. His mother was born Aug. 18, 1820, at Dun-\\nnispatten, Can. He was reared on a farm, and at the age of 19,\\nengaged in lumbering on the Flint river. He came to Taymouth\\ntp. in the fall of 1850, with his parents, since which time his father\\ndied, and his mother, who is still living on sec. 27, is one of the\\nearliest settlers in the county. Mr. Morse now owns 200 acres of\\nland in Taymonth tp., part of which is on sec. 27, the remainder on\\nsec. 22; also 160 acres in Montrose, Genesee Co., of which about\\n90 acres are under cultivation. Mr. Morse was married at Mont-\\nrose, Genesee Co., Mich., July 25, 1858, to Sarah A., daughter of\\nReuben and Melissa Christopher, who was born Sept. 9, 1844. Of", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0919.jp2"}, "916": {"fulltext": "932 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ntheir 2 children, 1 is living, Reuben H., born Aug. 28, w 1861; Ed-\\nward A. was born July 8, 1857, and died in December, 1873. Mrs.\\nMorse died December, 1862, and he was again married at Montrose,\\nGenesee Co., Mar. 19, 1863, to Zilpha T., daughter of Lyman\\nS. and Zilpha Kibby, who was born in Cattaraugus Co., N. Y., Oct.\\n16, 1845. They have 2 children, Sarah A., born at Blumfield,\\nSaginaw Co., Mich., Nov. 4, 1864, and Zilpha M., born in Tay-\\nmouth tp., Mar. 31, 1880. Mr. Morse is a Greenbacker and a\\nmember of the Patrons of Husbandry Lodge, No. 326, in Taymouth\\ntp. He has been Justice of the Peace seven years, and Drain\\nCommissioner six years. Mr. Morse was the Greenback candidate\\nfor Representative in the State Legislature, in the tall of 1878. He\\nis an enterprising man, and has 27 acres of his land laid out in\\ntown lots, on which is situated his own house and barns, a flouring\\nmill, a general store, blacksmith shop, dwelling-house, also a new\\nsaw-mill, which was completed in July, 1881..\\nHenry Munson, son of Daniel and Fanny (Tolse) Munson, was\\nborn at Franklin, Delaware Co., N. Y., June 16, 1818, and is of\\nIrish ancestry. His father owned a blacksmith shop, and in this\\nhe worked winters, and learned the trade. He left home when 18\\nyears of age, and went to Ft. Defiance, O., and engaged in boat-\\ning and working on a farm for two years. He then removed to\\nSaginaw City, and remained two years, when he came to Tay-\\nmouth tp. in the fall of 1861, and purchased 80 acres of land\\non sec. 5. He now owns 87 acres. He was married in Bridge-\\nport, June 1, 1839, to Elizabeth, daughter of Nathaniel and Mary\\nFoster, born May 7, 1820. Of their 11 children, 9 are living\\nMary E., born at Richfield, Lapeer Co., Mich, July 30, 1841;\\nFrances J., born in Bridgeport, Aug. 7, 1845; Gardner N., born in\\nBridgeport, July 26, 1847; Thomas B., born in Bridgeport, July,\\n27, 1849; Sarah E., born Nov. 17, 1851; Alice A., born Dec. 11,\\n1853; Charles H., born Jan. 27, 1855; Henrietta E., born Feb. 8,\\n1858, and Orin, born Aug. 7, 1861. James H. was born Feb. 29,\\n1840, died March 10, 1881, and Ransom W. was born Sept. 7, 1843,\\nand died April 17, 1853. In politics Mr. Munson is a Democrat.\\nJohn Owens, son of Patrick and Elizabeth (Burke) Owens, was\\nborn in Genesee, Potter Co., Pa., May 13, 1843. When eight\\nyears of age, lie removed to Allegany Co., N. Y. He was married\\nin Livingston Co., N. Y., June 6, 1865, to Ann, daughter of\\nJames and Catherine (Calaher) Ryan, who was born July 27, 1844.\\nOf their 8 children, 7 are living, 5 born in Saginaw City\\nand 3 in Taymouth tp. James, born Feb. 6, 1866; Elizabeth,\\nborn April 28, 1867; Bernard, born Mar. 6, 1869: Mary, born\\nAug. 23, 1872; William, born May 10, 1874; Kate, born Dec. 25,\\n1875, and Ellen, born May 27, 1878. John was born Dec. 29,\\n1871, and died June 6, 1879. Mr. Owens came to Saginaw City in\\nthe fall of 1865, and after a residence of eight years removed to\\nTaymouth tp. and purchased 40 acres of land in sec. 1. In politics\\nhe is a Democrat. All the family are members of the Catholic\\nChurch.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0920.jp2"}, "917": {"fulltext": "TAYMOUTH TOWNSHIP. 933\\nElijah Pdcher is the eldest son of Albert Pelclier, and was born\\nin Taymouth tp. in 1833. By occupation he is a farmer. He owns\\n20 acres of land 10 acres situated on sec, 28, and 10 on sec. 21.\\nHe was married in Taymouth tp. to Jane Hickey, daughter of\\nDaniel Hickey. They have 6 children Jonas, Moses, Simon,\\nSusan, Peter and George. Mr. and Mrs. Pelcher are both mem-\\nbers of the Methodist Episcopal Church.. Mr. Pelcher is a\\ndescendant of the original owners of the soil; he is of Indian and\\nFrench descent, and is the chief of the band of Chippewa Indians\\nthat are located in Taymouth tp. His Indian name is Won-ke-\\nsick, 1 and his wife s Swa-che-wan-no-qua.\\n1L n i ij 0. JPrice, fourth son of Henry and Parmelia (Jefferds)\\nPrice, was born in Macomb Co., Mich., April 7, 1832. He was\\nraised on a farm, and educated in the common schools of Macomb\\nand Lapeer counties. He was married May 11, 1856, to Sarah,\\ndaughter of George W. and Mary J. (Miller) Ellison, born April\\n26, 1838. They have had 9 children, 8 still living, 2\\nborn in Lapeer Co., Mich., 1 in Oakland Co., Mich., and 4\\nin this county Charles H., born Mar. 7, 1857; Lucelia J., born\\nAug. 23, 1858; Pliny O., born Feb. 7, 1860; Pearl A., born Sept.\\n22, 1862; Frank Y., born May 29, 1865; Mary H., born Mar. 25,\\n1870; Estella A., born May 29, 1871, and Jennie E., born Aug. 9,\\n1878. Kenneth E. was born in Taymouth tp., April 27, 1874, and\\ndied July 27, 1876. Mr. Price came to Taymouth tp. in 1863, and\\nbought 95 acres of land on sec. 13, two-thirds of which are under\\ncultivation. In politics he is a Republican. Mrs. Price is a mem-\\nber of the Baptist Church.\\nJohn Raasch, first son of Frank and Catherine (Craig) Raasch,\\nwas born in Prussia, Sept. 8, 1834. In the fall of 1867 he came to\\nthe United States, and settled in Allegheny Co., Pa., where he\\nremained four months, then removed to Chicago, where he resided\\nthree years. He then located near Detroit, Mich., where he re-\\nmained a short time, and finally settled in Taymouth tp., in the\\nfall of is 73. He was married in Bridgeport tp., Saginaw Co., to\\nMrs. Rosanna Difnn, daughter of John aud Mary Mesner, born in\\nWurtemberg, Ger., April 29, 1839. She had 4 children by her first\\nhusband, all natives of Taymouth to. John E., born Sept. 19,\\n1862: Joseph B., born Sent 27, 1866;Mary, born March 15, 1870,\\nand Rosa, born Oct. 20, 1874.\\nJohn Raasch and his wife reside on sec. 21, where Mrs. Raasch\\nowns 92 acres of land.\\nWilliam Reid, jr., third son of William, sr., and Margaret\\n(Eddy) Reid, was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, in September,\\n1813. He was born and raised on a farm, and at the age of 10\\nyears began life for himself. He worked for farmers a few years,\\nand then went on the railroad and learned to be an engineer. He\\nwas engaged at this for 25 or 30 years; he ran the first engine on\\nthe west end of the Great Western R. R. He came to the United\\nStates in the spring of 1851, and to Taymouth tp. in the spring of\\n1856. He bought 320 acres of land on sec. 26, and now owns 110", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0921.jp2"}, "918": {"fulltext": "934 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nacres, 50 of which are under cultivation. He was married in Detroit,\\nApril 5, 1857, to Mrs. Agnes McLachlan, daughter of Archibald\\nand Agnes (Patterson) McGregor, and born Dec. 31, 1822, and a\\ndescendant of the ancient family of McGregors and Campbells.\\nThey have 3 children, all born in Tay mouth tp. -John, born Mar.\\n27, 1858; Maggie E., born April 9, I860, and William A., born Sept.\\n5, 1863. In politics Mr. Reid is a Republican, and also a member\\nof the P. .of H. Himself and wife are members of the Presbyterian\\nChurch.\\nJames Robertson, jr., second son of James, sr., and Margaret\\n(Steward) Robertson, was born at Perth, Perthshire, Scotland, in\\nMarch, 1827. He worked in the coal and limestone mines about\\n25 years. He came to the United States in June, 1871, and settled\\nin Tay mouth tp., and five years later purchased 10 acres of land on\\nsec. 33. He was married at Perth, LVlay 10, 1852, to Christina,\\ndaughter of Dugald and Janette (Cameron) McDonald, born April\\n25, 1S33. They have 1 child Margaret, born in Forfarshire, Scot-\\nland, Nov. 23, 1853. Mr. Robertson and wife are members of the\\nPresbyterian Church.\\nArthur Ross, farmer, sec. 21, was born at Aberdeen, Scotland,\\nJan. 8, 1839. He is a son of David D. and Margaret (Alexander)\\nRoss; father born in 1805, and mother in 1811. David D. Ross\\ncame to the United States in 1813, and his family followed him in\\n1845. He located in Tay mouth tp., on what was known as the\\nold Indian fields, and which had been previously leased from\\nthe red men by James McCormick. This piece of land comprised\\n30 acres, and was almost entirely free from stumps. Mr. Ross\\nbuilt a large log cabin, 20x30 feet in size, near the edge of the\\nclearing, and covered it with shingles brought down the river from\\nFlushing, 16 miles distant. Mr. McCormick had planted a grove\\nof a thousand mulberry trees, intending to start a silk factory, and\\nthere were also five apple-trees on the place, some of which were\\nthree feet in diameter, and of such an age that the oldest Indian\\ncould not remember when they were smaller. There was a\\nplum orchard on the river bank. The mulberry grove remains\\nyet, but the trees are dying very rapidly. Arthur Ross was Tp.\\nClerk two years, and is serving his tenth year as Supervisor. He\\nwas also School Inspector two years. He is a Democrat; a mem-\\nber of the Masonic fraternity, and of the P. of H. He was married\\nDec. 1, 1861, to Lillie, daughter of Peter and Janet (McDonald)\\nAngus, who was born at Creiff, Perthshire, Scotland, Oct. 31, 1812.\\nThey have 5 children Jane, born Mar. 19, 1865; David D., born\\nOct. 11, 1867; Peter F., born April 15, 1869; Margaret A., born\\nMay 31, 1871, and. Lillie B., born May 20, 1875. Mrs. Ross is a\\nmember of the Presbyterian Church.\\nThomas Salkeld, jr., second son of Thomas, sr., and Mary (Smith)\\nSalkeld, was born in England, County Cumberland, November,\\n1822. He came to the United States in the summer of 1852, and\\nsettled at East Saginaw, where he was engaged in a variety of pur-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0922.jp2"}, "919": {"fulltext": "TATMODTH TOWNSHIP. 935\\nhi its for 20 years. While there. He was married, Oct. 24, 1867, to\\nCatherine Johnston, who died Feb. 27,1873. Two children have\\nbeen given them\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Thomas, born inTaymouth tp., Feb. 27. L869;\\nMary A., born Nov. 28, 1872, and died May 27, 1873. Mr. Salk-\\neld came t*\u00c2\u00bb Taymouth tp. in the fall of L867, and purchased 50\\nacres of land on sec 2. In politics he is a Republican. His wife\\nwas a member of the Baptist Church.\\nHorace K. Sloan, first son of Asa and Charlotte (Atwood) Sloan,\\nwas born at Penfield, Monroe Co., N. V., ten miles east or Roch-\\nester, dan. 26, 1824. His father was born near Providence, R. I.,\\nSept. 20, L791. His mother was born near the same place, Aug.\\n23, L801. Horace lived on a farm until 21 years of age, when lie\\nlearned the shoemaking trade, at which lie worked two years,\\nafter which lie worked at the harness trade four years. Since this\\ntime he has been engaged in farming. At the age of 14 he came\\nto Plymouth. Wayne Co., Mich., where he resided until the fall\\nof 1S53, when he came to Taymouth tp., and engaged in lumber-\\ning and farming. He was married May 27, 1855, to Julia A.,\\ndaughter of John and Ann (McCormick) Malone, born July 24,\\n1837, at Flint. Genesee Co., Mich. Of their 4 children 3 are liv-\\ning Eva L., born in Taymouth tp., April 14, 1856; Addie E., born\\nDec. 20, 1803, and Horace E., born Nov. 10, 1875. Harry M.,\\nwas born Nov. 20, L859, and died Feb. 26, 1869. Mr. Sloan came\\nto Albee tp. in the winter of 1857, and purchased 40 acres of land\\non sec. 14, on which he resided until August, L869, when he pur-\\nchased 40 acres on sec. 1l!, on which he now resides. In politics\\nMr. Sloan is a Republican. He has held various tp. offices in\\nAlbee tp., among which is Supervisor some eight terms, Justice\\nof the Peace. II ighway Commissioner, etc. Mrs. Sloan is a mem-\\nber of the Presbyterian Church.\\nJames Smith, first son of David and Elizabeth (Wilson) Smith,\\nwas born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, April 20, 1848. When 18\\nyears of age he left home and engaged in brick-making, at which\\nhe worked seven summers and lumbered during the winters.\\nWhen four years of age his parents came to America, and settled at\\nWarren. Ashtabula Co., Ohio. Two years later they removed to\\nSaginaw county. In the spring of L855 he came with his parents\\nto Taymouth tp.. and in 1873 purchased 42 acres of land on sec.\\n36. lie was married in East Saginaw, May 0, 1878, to Jane,\\ndaughter of Daniel and Elizabeth (Wood) Mcintosh, born Oct. 2,\\nl s s. They have 2 children, both born in Taymouthtp. John\\nM.. born April 25, 1879, and David A., born Feb. 11, L881. He\\nis a Democrat, and was Moderator of the tp., one year. Mr. Smith\\nand wife are members of the Presbyterian Church.\\nJohn Smith, second son of William and Elizabeth (Brown)\\nSmith, was born in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, May 26. 1818. When\\nL8 years of age he began an apprenticeship of three year- at the\\ncarpenter and millwright s trade. After serving nine months o his\\ntime, he was married Feb. 13, 1837, to Elizabeth, daughter of Alex-\\nander and Ellen (McGregor) Gilmore, born Nov. 25, 1S10. lie", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0923.jp2"}, "920": {"fulltext": "036 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nfinished his term of apprenticeship after being married. They have\\n9 children, all natives of Scotland William, born July 14, 1837,\\nJolinM. D., April 25, 1840; Mary. Aug. 17, 1845; George, Dec.\\n14, 1846; Kobert, Dec. 22,1848; Elizabeth, Dec. 24, 1850; Ellen,\\nFeb. 10, 1S52; Graham, Feb. 6, 1854, and Christina, Jan. 18, 1857.\\nRobano was born Nov. 25, 1843, and died Oct. 22, 1849. Mr. Smith\\nis a Republican and has been Justice of the Peace 18 months and\\nChairman of the School Board three years. Himself and wife are\\nmembers of the Presbyterian Church, where he has been Sunday\\nSchool Superintendent seven years. He came to Tay mouth tp. in the\\nsummer of 1866, and in 1868 he purchased 81 acres of land on sec.\\n16. He is a natural mechanic and a man of great genius. He is\\na blacksmith and marble cutter, though he never served an appren-\\nticeship at either. He now has a marble yard and blacksmith shop\\non his farm.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0f rimes Stephens, jr.. only son of James, sr., and Margaret (Miller)\\nStephens, was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, Aug. 20, 1824.\\nWhen four years of age became to Canada with his parents, and at\\nthe age of 19 learned the carpenter s trade, which he has worked at\\nsince. He was married March 1, 1857, to Olive, daughter of Jere-\\nmiah and Elizabeth (Chatman) Worden, born in Holton Co., Can.\\nOf their 16 children 8 are living, 5 born in Canada and 11 in Tay-\\nmouthtp. Harriet, born September, 1853; James, July 20, 1855;\\nJeremiah, July 15, 1857; George, June 29, 1859; William, June\\n29. 1859, and died when two weeks old; Robert, Jan. 13, 1862, and\\ndied July 21, 1876; Olive, April 4. 1864; John, June 30, 1866;\\nElizabeth, Sept. 2, 1868; Rebecca, May 11, 1870, and died in four\\nweeks; Matilda, Oct. 16,1872, and Joel. Jan. 13, 1877. The remain-\\ning ones died young and were not named. Mr. S. went to Oakland\\nCo., Mich, in the spring of 1860, and removed to Taymouth tp. in\\nthe fall of the same year. He purchased 80 acres of land on sec. 3,\\nand now owns40 acres. He is a member of the I. O. G. T., and\\nhimself and wife are members of the Methodist Church. In poli-\\ntics he is a Republican.\\nO/iarles Stone, son of Charles and Mary (Brennan) Stone, was\\nborn in Middlebnrg, Bohemia, Jan. 12, 1842. He came to Canada,\\nwith his parents when 10 years of age, and remained there 14 years.\\nIn the spring of 1866 he went to Saginaw City, and after residing\\nthere a short time he removed to Taymouth tp., and purchased 40\\nacres of land on sec. 1. He was married at Saginaw City, July 7,\\n1867, to Antonio, daughter of Marteus and Catherine Herbec. Of\\ntheir 8 children 7 are living, all natives ofTavmouth tp. Victoria,\\nburn June 10, 1867; Mary, Aug. 15, 1868; Rosie, Jan. 12, 1871;\\nSylvania, Nov. 22, 1873; Ferdinand C, Jan. 19, 1875; Renaldeno\\nM., born Feb. 12, 1877, and Evan G., May 25, 1879. Milly was born\\nJan. 8,1869, and died when eight months old. Mr. Stone is a\\nDemocrat, and a member of the Lutheran Church. His wife is a\\nmember of the Roman Catholic Church.\\nWilliam A. Stuart, second son of Asaph and Jane Stuart, was\\nbom in County Monaghan, Ireland, Feb. 12, 1817. When 15", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0924.jp2"}, "921": {"fulltext": "TAYMOUTH TOWNSHIP. 937\\nyears of age his parents came to Canada, where lie worked on a\\nfarm five years. His father being a carpenter, he learned that\\ntrade, and has been engaged at it since. He was married at Co-\\nbourg, Newcastle Co., Canada, April 21, 1841, to Margaret,\\ndaughter of James and Mary i McKeever) Crawford, born in County\\nMonaghan, Ireland, in 1822. Four children were born to bless this\\nunion, all natives of Canada Jane, born April 18, 1842; James,\\nborn May 24, 1843; Letitia, born April 10, 1815, and Hugh, born\\nNov. 10, 1817. .Mrs. Stuart died, and he was again married July\\n21 1859, to Frances Courtney. Two children were given them,\\nboth natives of Middlesex Co., Canada Margaret, born April 22,\\n1860, and Charlotte, born Oct. 18, 1862. His second wife departed\\nthis lite April 4, 1864, and for his third wife he chose Julia Sharp,\\nto whom he was united in the bonds of matrimony. He came to\\nTaymouth tp. in 1865, and 10 years later purchased 10 acres of\\nland on sec. 21. He is a Republican, and a member of the Pres-\\nbyterian Church.\\nFrankli/n W. Thayer, third son of Darius and Diadama\\n(Jencks) Thayer, was born at Groveland, Oakland Co. Mich., Aug.\\n4, 1847. His father was born Aug. 13, 1808, of English ancestry.\\nHe belongs to one of the oldest families of America, his forefathers\\nhaving come over with the Pilgrims. His father still lives at\\nGroveland, Oakland Co., where Franklin resided until 1879,\\nwhen he removed to Taymouth tp., and purchased 80 acres of land\\non sec. 19. He was married at Groveland, Nov. 2, 1873, to Lurana.\\ndaughter of Chauncey and Jane (Hallock) Crosby, born Aug. 26,\\n1854, in Groveland. They have 2 children Eli F., born June 30,\\n1877, and JMyrtieL., born Ano;. 17, 1879. Mr. Thayer enlisted at\\nGroveland, March 7, 1861, in Co. H, 2d Reg. Mich. Vol. Inf., in\\nthe army of the Potomac, where he served 17 months. He was\\nwounded June 17, 1864, and was sent to Washington, where he\\nlay one month, and was removed to Lincoln hospital, and after-\\nward to Satterlee hospital, Philadelphia, where lie remained two\\nand one-half months, received a furlough to come home to vote at\\nLincoln s re-election, returned and joined his regiment at Peters-\\nburg. His company were among the first to plant the colors on\\nthe custom-house in Petersburg after the evacuation. He was\\ndischarged July 28, 1865. Mr. Thayer is a Republican in politics.\\nHis wife belongs to the Free-Will Baptist Church.\\nAhram Young, seventh son of John A. and Susan (Nix) Young,\\nwas born in Prince Edward Co., Can., Aug. 10, 1853, and is of Ger-\\nman parentage. He was reared on a farm, and received his educa-\\ntion in the common schools of Prince Edward county. In the fall\\nof 1S76, he came to Taymouth tp., and purchased 80 acres of land\\non sec. 13, 26 of which are improved. He was married Mar. 25,\\n1874, to Lucelia, daughter of Henry O. and Jane (Allison) Price,\\nwho was born Aug. 23, 1858. They had 1 child Eugene, who\\nwas born in Taymouth tp., July 16, 1879, and died Dec. 7,1879.\\nIn politics Mr. Young is a Republican, and also a member of the\\nI. O. G. T. lodge.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0925.jp2"}, "922": {"fulltext": "THOMASTOWN TOWNSHIP.\\nThis division of the county was first settled in 1830, by Thomas\\nand Edward McCarty, who soon after erected the first log houses\\nin the township. The settlement of this district was very gradual\\nuntil 1836, when it received a fair quota of the immigrants then\\nsettling in the county. Its present population is said to exceed\\n1,150, being 100 over the number credited to it by the census re-\\nturns of 1880.\\nThe application to organize the district now known as Thomas-\\ntown was made in 1855, and the Board of Supervisors ordered the\\nfollowing territory to be laid off in accordance with the prayer of\\nthe petitioners: Township number 12 north, of range number 3\\neast; township number 12 north, of range number 2 cast, and\\ntownship number 12 north, of range number 1 east. The order\\nis given under date of Oct. 11, 1855, in the following terms:\\nTherefore, be it ordered, That the above described territory be,\\nand the same is, hereby duly organized into a township to be known\\nand designated by the name of Thomastown, which said township\\nis described as being within the limits and under the jurisdiction of\\nthe county of Saginaw, in the State of Michigan; and be it further\\nordered, That the first annual meeting for the election of township\\nofficers in said township be held at the school-house in school dis-\\ntrict number three in said township of Thomastown on the first\\nMonday in April next, and that the following named persons, to wit:\\nOctavius Thompson, Robert Ure and Samuel Shattuck, being three\\nelectors of said township, be, and they are hereby designated and\\nappointed to preside at such election, and to perform all the duties\\nrequired by the statute in such case made and provided.\\nTHE FIRST TOWNSHIP MEETING\\nwas held at the school-house named in the order, April 7, 1856,\\nwith Robert Ure, John Benson and C. C. Batchelor, Inspectors of\\nElection; John Wiltsie, Clerk, and Morgan Jones, Constable.\\nThe number of votes recorded was (!0, of which Octavius Thomp-\\nson received 31; and Levi W. Haines 27, for the office of Super-\\nvisor. The officers elected were Octavius Thompson, Supervisor;\\nThomas Owen, Township Clerk; John Wiltsie, Treasurer; James*\\nMcCarty and John Wiltsie, Justices of the Peace; Edward Mc-\\nCarty, Jacob Wiltsie and S. J. Barnes, Highway Commissioners;\\nThcmas McCulloch and John Benson, School Inspectors; Denis\\nMcCarty, Henry Almy, and Edward Zaglemyet, Constables;\\nRobert Ure, John Benson, Henry Bernhardt and Silas Wiltsie,\\nPath Masters; W. Haines and Henry Bernhardt, Poor Overseers.\\n(938)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0926.jp2"}, "923": {"fulltext": "TH0MA8T0WM TCWN8HIP\\n939\\nlOWXSHIP OFFICERS.\\nThe following is a list of supervisors, clerks, treasurers and\\njustices from 1856 to the present time:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nOctavius Thompson 1856\\nLevi W. Haines 1857- 8\\nJohn Benson I859- 60\\nJohn J Liskow 1861\\nL. W. Haines 1862\\nO. G. Davis 1863\\nJohn Wiltse 1864\\nThomas Parker 1865\\nJohn Wiltse 1866\\nWilliam McBratnie 1867\\nJohn Wiltse 1868\\nWilliam McBratnie 1869- 71\\nJohn Wiltse :1872\\nJames Graham 1ST:!\\nJames Wiltse 1874- 5\\nJames Graham 1876- 8\\nJ. M Wiltse 18T9--87\\nCLERKS.\\nThomas Owen 1856- 8\\nHenry Bernhardt 1859- 61\\nThomas Owen 1862\\nJohn Backhans 1863\\nChas. II Williams 1864\\nJohn Backlians 1865- 6\\nThomas Owen 1867- 7\\nChas. H. Butts 1878\\nLouis Liskow 1879- 80\\nWilliam Wurtzel 1881\\nTREASURERS.\\nJohn Wiltse 18.j(i- 61\\nJohn Wiltse, jr lS62- 3\\nWilliam .McBratnie 1864- 6\\nJ. G. Liskow 1867\\nJohn Benson 1868-78\\nH enry L. Baine 1879- 80\\nIsaac Parker 1881\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nJames McCarty, John Wiltse. .1856\\nOctavius Thompson is. 7\\nHarvey Wilts. 1858\\nColin McBratnie 1859\\nP. Semus 1860\\nWilliam McBratnie, J. Back-\\nhans 1861\\nM. Wiltse, Henry Beamish, T.\\nMcCulloch 1862\\nThomas McCulloch 1863\\nD. Williams, L. W. Haines. .1864\\nJames Graham, Wm. Wiltse.. 1865\\nJ. G. Liskow 1866\\nT. McCulloch 1867\\nJ.M. Wiltse, D. Williams 1P68\\nJames Graham 1869\\nLyman Parks. J. G. Liskow. ...1870\\nJohn G. Liskow, C. C. Parks. ..1871\\nJ. M. Wiltse Ib72\\nJames Graham 1ST:;\\nRobert Treby 1874\\nChas. II. Butts 1875\\nJohn G. Liskow 1876\\nJames Graham 1*77\\nA. R. Hooper 1878\\nA. J. French, John Codcl 1879\\nJohn D. Frost, Jacob King 1880\\nJohn A. Wright, John Wiltse.. .1881\\nTogether with the supervisor, clerk, treasurer and justices\\nnamed in table, the other officers of the township are John D. Frost,\\nCommissioner of Highways; Joseph Johnson, Superintendent o\\nSchools; Thomas Ovven, Inspector of Schools; Napoleon B.Davis,\\nand George Palinonteer, Constables.\\nThe Schools of the township are well conducted. There are six\\nschool districts, each possessing a good building. There are two\\nbrick and four frame school-houses, valued at $4,495. The school", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0927.jp2"}, "924": {"fulltext": "940 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ncensus shows 373 pupils and seven teachers. The total expendi\\ntures for the year 1880, aggregated $2,650.09, inclusive of the mon\\neys received from the primary-school fund, $167.79.\\nThe Cemetery, known as Owen s Cemetery, is a neat burial place,\\nsituated on a hillock, west of the river road; it serves the dual pur-\\npose of interment and reminder.\\nThe township lands are gently undulating, rich in all the consti-\\ntuents of a productive soil and well settled. The district is watered\\nby the Tittabawassee, which forms its northeastern boundaiw.\\nSwan creek flows through the township from the northwest through\\nsections 5, 9,16, 22, 27, and 31; McClellan creek, Williams creek,\\nand a few others are minor streams.\\nThe Saginaw Valley St. Louis railroad runs through the south-\\nern sections, while the Jackson, Lansing Saginaw railroad runs\\nsouthwest from Tittabawassee station through the southeast quar-\\ner of section 36\\nThe saw-mill at Swan Creek station, two brick yards, a wagon\\nshop, store and hotel are among the business places of the town.\\nPERSONAL SKETCHES\\nare here given of a number of the most prominent citizens of this\\ntownship:\\nJohn Benson, an old and respected pioneer of this tp., residing\\non sec. 3, was born in Livingston Co., N. Y. June 9, 1841;\\nparents were Stephen and Lucia Benson; father was a soldier in\\nwar of 1812, and grandfather in Revolutionary war, participating\\nin the battle of Trenton, Dec. 26, 1776, and the trials and sufferings\\nat Valley Forge; subject of sketch came to this county iu October,\\n1S36. locating on sec. 11, and in 1842, on sec. 3, where he has since\\nresided, and owns 80 acres of land; first house erected was 12x12\\nfeet in size, and in the center of a great forest; was first Justice of\\nthe Peace of this tp., serving 21 years in succession, and 12 years\\nsince; was Tp. Clerk two years, and Treasurer 12 years; is Repub-\\nlican in politics, and a member of tire I. O. O. F.; was married\\nOct 14, 1834, to Sarah B., daughter of Timothy and Susannah\\n(Thorp) Wood, natives of Springfield, Mass.; wife was born at\\nWestfield, Mass., Nov. 2, 1814; 4 of their 10 children survive\\nHarriet N., wife of Norman Swarthout, born April 20, 1836; Reu-\\nben S., born May 9, 1842; Martha E., wife of Horace Jerome, born\\nOct. 19, 1852, and Catherine A., wife of Lucius M linger, born April\\n17, 1856. William E., John E., Evangeline, Orlanda, Mary and\\nEli are deceased.\\nGeorge Bryant, (deceased) was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, May\\n1, 1825. When 13 years of age, he shipped on board a sailing ves-\\nsel, and continued in that business until 1847, when he came to\\nCanada. He located his family near London, Province of Ontario,\\nand obtained a position as sailor on the lakes. In 1864 he removed\\nhis family to this county and settled on sec. 28, of this tp. He was", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0928.jp2"}, "925": {"fulltext": "THOMASTOWN TOWNSHIP. 941\\nmarried to Agnes Cameron, asnpposed descendant of the Cameron 8\\nof Scotland. Seven children were born to this union,*; of whom are\\nliving William, Andrew, George, Anna, wife of James Robinson;\\nThomas and Mary. John is deceased. Mr. Bryant was a member\\nof the Presbyterian Church, and died Oct, 19, 1865. Mrs. B. is\\nconnected with the Wesley an M. E. denomination; she owns 130\\nacres of land.\\nMurray JFras r, farmer and lumberman, sec. 24; was born in\\nSaginaw tp., Oct. 11, 1845; is a son of Murdock and Isabell Fraser,\\nearly pioneers of this county; subject of sketch passed his early life\\non a farm, receiving the limited educational facilities afforded by\\nthe district school has been engaged in lumbering during the lum-\\nber season, and fanning the other portion of the year; employed\\nabout 125 men in 1880, and got out nearly 20,000,000 logs; owns\\n200 acres of well-improved land, and is a Republican; was married\\nJan. 5, 1868, to Mrs. Leila II. Warren, widow of Joseph Warren\\n(dec), and a daughter of William and Sarah Cross; wife was born\\nJan. 1, 1844, and married Joseph Warren April 4, 1859; husband\\nwas born in June, 1828, and was a soldier in Co. C, 9th. Reg. ^O.\\nYol. Inf.; was killed at Murfreesboro in December, 1862.\\nDavid Geddes, agriculturist, sees. 15 and 21, was born in\\nHastings Co., Province of Ontario, Can., July 15, 1832; is son of\\nJames and Clarissa Geddes, mother a native of Hastings Co., N. Y.,\\nfather of Edinburg, Scotland; latter located in Ontario, Can., where\\nhe has resided 52 years; his father was in the British army for 30\\nyears, and served in the French Revolution; subject s grandfather,\\non his mother s side, John Skinkeil, a German, came to America\\nprior to the Revolutionary war, and during that conflict served in\\nthe British army; he died at the advanced age of 109 years; sub-\\nject of sketch came to this county in 1861, locating on sec. 21\\nof this tp.; he now owns 320 acres of land, is Greenback in politics,\\nand connected with the K. of H., I. H., and Black Knights of the\\nCamp of Israel and the Orange societies; was married June\\n7, 1856, to Ann A., daughter of John and Angeline Harris, born\\nin Hastings Co., Can., Oct. 3, 1839; had 6 children. 5 living\\nSarah J., wife of W. W. Owen, born March 20, 1857; Mary E.,\\nwife of William Calvert, born April 1, 1859; Edwin J., born May\\n7, 1861; Francis A., born May 23, 1S63, and David A., born Dec.\\n5, 1868.\\nJames Graham, farmer, sees. 32 and 33, was born in County\\nTyrone, Ireland, Sept. 8,1830; is a son of Andrew and Jane\\nGraham, natives of Ireland, of Scotch ancestry, who came to America\\nin 1*34; subject of sketch resided with grandfather till 1845, when\\nhe came and settled near Hamilton, Can., and in ls51 located in\\nthis county; in 1854 he removed to present farm, being the first\\nsettler west of Swan Creek; was Justice of Peace of Thomastown\\n16 years, Supervisor four years, and Tp, Clerk and Treasurer one year\\neach; ownslOO acres of land, and politically is Democratic; he\\nwas married Oct. 6, 1862, to Phoebe A. Bonestring, who gave him", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0929.jp2"}, "926": {"fulltext": "942 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\n2 children Eliza, born July 19, 1864, and Anna, born Nov. 25,\\n1864; his wife died, and he was again married Jan. 16, 1866, to\\nEliza M., daughter of Benjamin and Mary M. Stiff, who was born\\nin Warren Co., N. J., Feb. 16, 1841 subject and wife are members\\nof the Baptist Church of East Saginaw.\\nJohn G. Liskow, a prominent pioneer of Thomastown tp., was\\nborn in Lippehue, Prussia, May 25, 1814; is a son of Samuel and\\nKehena Liskow; from 1839 to 1851, he was engaged in mercantile\\ntrade in native land; in latter year came to America with family,\\nand father-in-law; he was forced to leave Prussia on account of op-\\nposition to the king; soon after arriving in this country, he came\\nto this tp., and for seven years was engaged in brick-making; for\\n10 years he was proprietor of a store at Saginaw City, where he\\nnow owns two storerooms; he formerly owned a large farm, but\\nhas divided it among his children, and now possesses only 120\\nacres; is a Republican, has been Justice of Peace since 1870, also\\nSupervisor one term; was instrumental in the organization of the\\nGerman Pioneer Society of Saginaw County, and was chosen its\\nTreasurer; he was married May 14, 1840, to Caroline Seiffert, born\\nin Prussia, in March, 1824;of their 6 children, 5 are living\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Louisa;\\nCharles, who married Amelia Scheib; Ferdinand; Lewis, the hus-\\nband of Antonia Hak, and John. William is deceased; his wife s\\nfather, Charles Seiffert, was a soldier during the French Revolu-\\ntion, and fought against Napoleon Bonaparte at the battle of\\nWaterloo. He resides with Mr. Liskow, and is 82 years of age.\\nJohn Shepherd, merchant, Frost s Corners, Thomastown tp., was\\nborn in Cambridgeshire, Eng., April 5, 1826; is a son of William\\nand Mary (Rolf) Shepherd; subject of sketch served three years\\napprenticeship at painting, and followed that business, in connection\\nwith gardening, till 1850; in 1852 came to America, locating at\\nLockport, N. Y., thence to Cleveland, O., and in 1857 to this\\ncounty, where he followed his trade till 1863; sold milk at Saginaw\\nCity until 1869; was then gardener till 1879, whew he removed to\\npresent location and engaged in business. He established a post-\\noffice in May, 1880, and became its Postmaster; owns several\\nbuildings and a blacksmith shop; is a member of the I. O. O. F.,\\na Republican, and owns 40 acres of land on sec. 16, in Saginaw tp.;\\nwas Secretary of the Saginaw County Agricultural Society in\\n1877- S; was married in December, 1850, to Elizabeth Trotman,\\nwho died Dec. 24, 1851; was again married March 4, 1855, to\\nSarah Ann Wallace. They have 4 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Elizabeth, wife of Floyd\\nHubbard; Minnie, wife of John McLean; Charles and Wallace.\\nWilliam and Arthur Shields, two pioneers of this tp., resid-\\ning on sec. 3, are natives of County Armot, Ireland, former\\nborn in 1826 and the latter in 1830. In 1836 their parents located\\nnear Montreal, Can., and six years later came to Saginaw county,\\nsettling on sec. 3 of this tp. The Messrs. Shields have\\naided largely in improving the ground where they located 16 acres\\nof land, and now possess a farm of 160 acres. Both are mem-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0930.jp2"}, "927": {"fulltext": "TIIOMASTOWN TOWNSHIP. 943\\nbers of the M. E. Church, and advocates of the principles of the\\nDemocratic party. One sister, Ann, wife of William Glover\\n(deceased), resides with them on the farm. She was born Jan. IT,\\n1828. Of the 6 children born to her, 3 survive Mary J., wife of\\nHenry Barnes: William, and Elizabeth, wife of Charles H. Pamlee.\\nJohn W Hxie an old resident of this tp., was born in Lucas\\nCo., O., Oct. 20, 1826; accompanied parents, Cornelias and\\nElecta Wiltsie, to this county in January, 1837, locating on\\nwhat is now sec. 11 of this tp.; parents were natives of New\\nYork, and settled in Lucas Co., O., in 1824; they suffered all the\\nhardships incident to pioneer life, the nearest grist-mill being at\\nFlint, 4( miles distant; subject of sketch owns a farm of 240 acres\\non sees. 8 and 9; was Justice of the Peace two terms, Supervisor\\nfour years, and Township Treasurer three years; was married May\\n30, 1S49, to Huldah Almy, who was born Jan. 1, 1830; 2 children\\nare deceased, 8 living Minnie, wife of John Dice; Mina, wife of\\nFrank Dice; Dan, Benjamin, James, John, Bhoda and Edward.\\nW/ /h avi Wurtzel, farmer, was born in Brandenburgh, Prussia,\\nMay 11, 1840; is a son of Charles and Wilhelmina Wurtzel, who\\nemigrated to the United States in July, 1854; they subsequently\\ncame to this county, and located on sec. 14, Thomastown tp.\\nfather died April 1, 1S81, aged 73 years, and mother Nov. 28,\\n1874; subject s grandfather, Christian Kampfert, served in the\\nPrussian army, under Frederick III., and against Napoleon I.;\\nsubject of sketch was engaged 10 years in the butchering business\\nat Saginaw City, and was foreman of the Tittabawassee Boom Co.\\nfor six years; in 1872 purchased his present farm, removing on it\\nin 1876; owns 120 acres, also the old homestead of 82 acres; is a\\nmember of the Masonic order and a Republican; was married May\\n11, 1865, to Minnie, daughter of Frederick and Henrietta Gaus-\\nchow, who was born in Prussia, Nov. 9, 1842; wife s parents came\\nto this county in 1850; 4 children are living Laura, born July 1,\\n1868; William, born Nov. 23, 1870; Minnie, born Feb. 4, 1873,\\nand Amelia, born Oct. 9, 1875; Charles and Amelia are deceased;\\nwife died Jan. 30, 1879; subject was again married March 31, 1880,\\nto Frances, daughter of John and Hannah Skinner, who was born\\nin Devonshire, Eng., Jan. 30, 1849; wife is a member of the Epis-\\ncopal Church; parents came to the United States in 1871.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0931.jp2"}, "928": {"fulltext": "TOWNSHIP OF TITTABAWASSEE.\\nThis section of the Saginaw Valley conies next to Saginaw City\\nin the order of settlement, is equal to it in the quality of its lands,\\nand may be termed the third township in the order of population\\nand wealth. The Tittabawassee river enters the township at the\\nnorthwest quarter of sec. 7, flows southeast through sees. 17, 1 6,\\n21, 28, 27 and 34, where it leaves the district. Numerous small\\ncreeks, together with the north branch of Swau creek and the head\\nwaters of Cannon creek, water the township.\\nThe Flint Pere Marquette railroad divides the town equally;\\nit enters at the northeast quarter of sec. 36, runs northwest through\\nsees. 25, 26, 23, 22, 21, 16, 8, 7 and 6, with a depot at Freelands,\\nin the geographical center of the township. The land is compara-\\ntively well settled, there being a population of 1,506 returned by\\nthe census of June, 1S80.\\nThe principal manufacturing industry of the township is the\\nBond saw-mill, in the northeast quarter of sec. 7, on the line of the\\nF. P. M. R. K.\\nThe villages comprise Freelands and Tittabawassee, the nucleus\\nof what may in time be a center of population in the southwest\\nquarter of sec. 6, on the line of railroad. The town may be con-\\nsidered purely agricultural, and as a farm country will compare\\nvery favorably with the old settled townships of the eastern conn-\\nties. The inhabitants form a particularly cultivated community,\\nearnest in every cause they espouse, and fully capable of drawing\\nforth all the great resources of their beautiful land.\\nORGANIC.\\nAn act to organize the township of Tittabawassee, passed by the\\nLegislature during the spring session of 1840, was approved March\\n30, 1840. This act directed That the counties of Midland, Gra-\\ntiot, and all the towns, according to the United States survey, north\\nof town 12, in range 1, 2 and 3 east of the meridian, as far north\\nas town 16, be, and the same are hereby set off and organized\\ninto a separate township by the name of Tittabawassee, and the\\nfirst township meeting shall be held at the house of Obadiah\\nCrane, in said township. A review of the names of the officials\\nchosen at the first township election will suffice to show that the\\nprincipal settlers were of that class which could master every ob-\\nstacle, whether it was of a physical or political character.\\n(944)\\nu", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0932.jp2"}, "929": {"fulltext": "TTTTABAWASSEE TOWNSHIP.\\n945\\nFIRST TOWNSHIP MEETING.\\nThe citizens of the town of Tittabavvassee met according to law\\nat the house of Obadiah Crane April 5, 1841, and organized by\\ncalling Obadiah Crane to the chair. Luke Wellington, Jefferson\\nJaqnith, John McGregor and Murdock Fraser were chosen In-\\nspectors of said election, and Chas. S. Tibbetts, Clerk. Below are the\\nnames of the persons elected for the several offices, as certified to\\nby the Inspectors:\\nAndrew Ure, Supervisor; Thomas McCarty, Clerk; Wm. R.\\nHubbard. Treasurer; Obadiah Crane, Andrew Ure and Thomas\\nMe Cam Assessors; Pnineas D. Braley, Collector; Lancelot Spare,\\nLuke Wellington and Edward Green, School Inspectors; John\\nBenson and Murdock Fraser. Directors of the Poor; Phineas D.\\nBraley. Chas. S. Tibbetts and John Voter. Com rs of Highways;\\nThos. 3lc arty, John Benson, Andrew Ure aud Nelson Gary.\\nJustices of the Peace; Phineas D. Braley. Sylvester Vibber, John\\nVoter and Obadiah Crane, Constables. The justices were elected\\nfor the terms as follows, viz. Andrew Ure for the term of four\\nyears; Thos. McCarty, three years; John Benson, two years; and\\nNelson Gary, one year.\\nTOWNSHIP OFFICERS.\\nThe following is a list of the principal township officers from\\nL842 to the present time:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nThos. McCarty 1842 3\\nMurdoch Fraser 1844\\nThos. .McCarty 1845\\nMurdock Fraser 184ft\\nLuke Wellington 1847\\nBernard Ilackett 1848 9\\nHorace S. Beach 1850- i\\nOetavius Thompson 1852\\nThos. McCarty 1853\\nHorace 8. Beach 1854\\nJefferson Jaquith 1855\\nJacob H. Lewis 1856- 7\\nHorace S. Beach 1858\\nJacob H. Lewis 1859- 60\\nJames A. Munger 1861\\nJacob H. Lewis 1862\\nHorace S. Beach 1863- 4\\nJacob H. Lewis 1865\\nJames A. Munger 1866\\nJacob H. Lewis..: 1867- 9\\nHenry T. Hawley 1870\\nAugust Vasold, jr 1871\\nJ.H.Lewis 1872\\nWm. Roeser 1873- 80\\nJohn A. McGregor 1881\\nCLERKS.\\nJames N. Gotee 1842- 3\\nAndrew Ure 1844\\nJames N. Gotee 1845\\nThos. McCarty 1846- 8\\nAndrew Ure 1849- 51\\nWm. Almy 1852\\nAndrew Ure 1853- 4\\nHenry D. Rogers ...1855\\nOtto Roeser 1856-\\nWm. Roeser 1858- 6!)\\nJacob H. Lewis 1870\\nGeo. F. Barbarin 1872\\nJ. H. Lewis l873- 6\\nWm. H. Dennison 1877- c0\\nEdward F. Gould 1881\\n57", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0933.jp2"}, "930": {"fulltext": "946\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTREASURERS.\\nWm. R. Hubbard 1842\\nStephen Benson 1843\\nJohn Thompson 1844\\nStephen Benson 1845- 6\\nJames McCarty 1847- 54\\nJohn Thomson 1855\\nBernard Hackett 1856\\nHenry D. Rogers 1857\\nBernard Hackett 1858\\nLewis Vanwinkel 1859\\nHenry Rogers 1 860\\nAdolphus Kirchner 1861 2\\nDaniel B. Olmstead 1863\\nJohn Thompson, jr 1864\\nP ter McGregor 1 865- 6\\nRobert W. Day 1867\\nJohn Thompson 1868\\nDaniel B. Olmstead 1869\\nDonald Treasurer 1870\\nGeo. B. Rounds 1871\\nJames Thompson 1872\\nJeremiah Austin. 1873- 4\\nPeter Branch 1875- 6\\nWm. Stone l877- 8\\nJohn A. McGregor 1879- 80\\nEthan G. Allen 1881\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nJohn McGregor 1842\\nObadiah Crane 1843\\nJohn Benson, 1844\\nThos. McCarty\\nOctavius Thompson.. 1845\\nJohn McGregor 1846\\nThos. McCarty 1847\\nAndrew Ure 1848\\nOctavius Thompson 1849\\nJohn Benson 1850\\nThos. McCarty 1851\\nHorace Beach 1852\\nOctavius Thompson 1853\\nJohn Renson 1854\\nOtto Roeser 1855\\nJames A. Munger 1856\\nJohn Thompson, sr 1857\\nGeo. H. Tnrsdell 1858\\nDaniel P. Foote 1859\\nOtto Roeser 1860\\nWm. H. Oliver 1861\\nGeo. H. Truesdell 1862\\nAugustus Vasold 1863\\nWm. Roe er 1864\\nJohn Thompson 1865\\nGeo. H. Truesdell 1866\\nAugust Vasold 1867\\nWm Roeser 1868\\nGeo. F. Barbarin 1869\\nThos, H. Babcock 1870\\nGeo. F. Barbarin 1871\\nWm. Roeser 1872\\nPeter McGregor 1873\\nAugust Vasold 1874\\nJohn Thompson, jr 1875\\nWm. Roeser 1876\\nPeter H. McGregor 1877\\nErasmus O Louk 1878\\nJames A. Munger 1879\\nWm. Roeser 1880\\nChas. N. Foote 1881\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThere are five full and six fractional school districts, each pro-\\nvided with a school building and under the supervision of a di-\\nrector and teacher.\\nTHE CHURCHES AND CEMETERY\\ncomprise the Methodist and Adventist. These are neat buildings\\nexteriorly and interiorly, and a credit to the societies who worship", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0934.jp2"}, "931": {"fulltext": "TITTAHAWASSEE TOWNSHIP. 947\\nin them. The Catholics and Episcopalians attend the churches of\\nSaginaw or Bay City generally. The township cemetery is located\\nin the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 8. It\\nis the property of the people, is well ordered, and forms, with\\nthe schools and churches, a living remembrancer of the occupation\\nof the township by a people who honor their God and their dead.\\nSeventh-Day Adventist Church. About the 15th of February,\\n1867, it was announced that an Adventist named M. E. Cornell,\\nwould give lectures on Bible subjects at the school-house. Subse-\\nquently he gave lectures for a month or more and aroused such in-\\nterest in his belief that a meeting of citizens and believers was\\ncalled March 20, when a subscription for a house of worship was\\ntaken up. This church was to be known as S. D. Adventists\\nhouse of worship, and to be controlled by them, but to be opened\\nfor funerals and on other ocasions to all denominations. A liberal\\namount was subscribed, and several sites offered free. A commit-\\ntee on building was chosen: H. T. Hawley, W. H. Hilton and J.\\nA. Munger; who commenced at once by selecting a site offered by\\nWra. Roeser, on which to erect a building 40x60 feet, letting the\\ncontract to Messrs. Babcock and Maycumber for $1,200, with ma-\\nterial furnished. The work went on steadily until completion in\\nOctober of same year, and nearly all paid for at a cost of about\\n$3,3 0. There was no Church organization. Elders Cornell and\\nLawlence, commencing meetings again in October, perfected the\\nwork of organizing a Church of 37 members, Nov. 2, with local\\nelders and clerk. They still continued their work until about 50\\nwere united with the Church, when on the 23d of December a legal\\norganization was perfected in accordance with the laws of Michi-\\ngan, to hold church property. A deed from Mr. Roeser of their\\nlot was received. The Church with all its changes has ever re-\\ntained about its usual number of members, its present number\\nbeing 48 and the greatest number it has had 67. In the spring of\\n1880 this society bought one-half lot more, adjoining the original\\nproperty, on the north of Mr. Roesers land, thus giving them two\\nand one-half lots in the township.\\nThe Methodist Episcopal Church. The M. E. Society was or-\\nganized in this township in 1846. In 1874 the present church\\nwas erected at a cost of $3,000, the energy of the Rev. Mr. Spar-\\nling contributing much to its satisfactory completion. The society\\nclaims a membership of 60 persons, with the Rev. J. B. Withey\\nas pastor in charge.\\nPURCHASERS OF THE LANDS.\\nThe early buyers of the township lands became permanent set-\\ntlers in the greater number of instances. The names of those who\\npurchased their lands from the general Government are as follows:", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0935.jp2"}, "932": {"fulltext": "948\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY,\\nOwen C. White, sec 1, Nov 7, 1854\\nPhilo B. Earnes, sec 1, Nov 7, 1854\\nSanford M. Green, sec 2, Nov 7, 1854\\nDavid Hughes, sec 2, Nov 7, 1854\\nHiram M Jenny, sec 2, Nov 7, 1854\\nAbrara Hughes, sec 3, Nov 14, 1854\\nRoyal L. Lewis, sec 3, Nov 7, 1854\\nEmma E. Lewis, sec 3, Nov 7, 1854\\nHiram Surryhire, sec 3, Nov 7, 1854\\nEdward Clark, sec 4. Dec 2, 1854\\nFloyd R. Elliot, sec 4, April 4. 1855\\nGeorge W. Bullock, sec 4, Oct 18, 1854\\nCornelius Dodge, sec 4, Jan 9, 1855\\nPeter H. Fick, jr., sec 5, Dec 11, 1854\\nAmos Clark, sec 6, Nov 16. 1854\\nBenj. F. Partridge, sec 6, Nov 18, 1853\\nMary A. McCollum, sec 6, Feb 3, 1855\\nGeo. W. Bullock, sec 6, Feb 22, 1854\\nJames Frazer, sec 6, Nov 28, 1S53\\nWm. H. Freeland, sec 6, Nov 17, 1854\\nGeo. W. Suteman, sec 6, Oct 4, 1853\\nFrancis Andrews, sec 6, Jan 7, 1851\\nVolney Chapin. sec 6, Jan 7, 1851\\nDavid E. Corbin, sec 7, May 29, 1834\\nCalvin Hotchkiss, sec 7, Jan 4, 1836\\nHiram J. Hotchkiss, sec 7, Jan 4, 1836\\nLeman B. Hotchkiss, sec 7, Jan 4, 1836\\nMary B. Brown, sec 7, Dec 22, 1835\\nFrancis Andrews, sec 7, Jan 7, 1851\\nVolney Chapin, sec 7, Jan 7, 1851\\nPeter C. Andre, sec 7, May 21, 1851\\nGeorge Whitman, sec 7, Dec 1, 1848\\nHarvey Whitman, sec 7, Dec 1, 1848\\nSamuel P. Halsey, sec 7, Nov 9, 1854\\nRobert Nelson, sec 8, Aug 24, 1851\\nAnn Reed, sec 8, Nov 7, 1854\\nBernard Hackett, sec 8, Jan 31, 1837\\nMichael Hoffmann, sec 8, Nov 14, 1836\\nCalvin Hotchkiss, sec 8, Jan 4, 1836\\nMary B. Brown, sec 8, Dec 22, 1835\\nGeorge Whitman, sec 8, Dec 1, 1848\\nHarvey Whitman, sec 8, Dec 1, 1848\\nGeorge W. Bullock, sec 9, April 7, 1S54\\nEarl P. Lane, sec 9, Nov 7, 1854\\nSilas I. Harper, sec 9, Nov 7, 1854\\nJames B. Hunt, sec 9, Jan 23, 1837\\nJacob H. Lewis, sec 10, Nov 7, 1854\\nWm. Surryhire, sec 10, Nov 7, 1854\\nMartin L. Osborn, sec 10, Nov 7, 1854\\nJohn Falls, sec 10, May 26, 1837\\nJames Birdsall, sec 11, Nov 9 1854\\nDavid S Frary, sec 11, Nov 0, 1854\\nRoval W. Jenny, sec 12, Nov 7, 1854\\nParks Putnam, sec 12, Nov 7, 1854\\nWilliam Newton, sec 12. Nov 9, 1854\\nSamuel Allport, sec 13, Nov 7, 1854\\nGiles Bishop, sec 13, Nov 7. 1854\\nJoseph P. Cook, sec 13, Nov 6, 1854\\nNicholas West, sec 14, Nov 7, 1854\\nEph. S. Williams, sec 14, Nov 7, 1854\\nCharles L. Munger, sec 14, Nov 7, 1854\\nJohn W. Edmunds, sec 15, Nov 10, 1836\\nAlanson Brown, sec 15, Oct 12, 1836\\nJohn Barbour, sec 15, Nov 10, 1836\\nJoseph C. Anibal, sec 16, Oct 5, 1850\\nDaniel H.Fitzhugh, sec 17, Dec 18,1835\\nWilliam H. Hilton, sec 17, Nov 16, 1850\\nGeorge Whitman, sec 17, Feb 24, 1848\\nHarvey Whitman, sec 17, Feb 24, 1848\\nRussel McMnnners, sec 17, Nov 5. 1851\\nJames A. Munger, sec 17 June 28, 1853\\nBenjamin Decker, sec 17, Jan 13, 1855\\nHumphrey Shaw, sec 17, Nov 28, 1853\\nand March 4, 1854\\nJohn Munger, sec 17, April 23, 1856\\nGeorge Whitman, sec 1 8, Aug 6, 1853\\nJeremiah Slack, sec 18, May 28, 1856\\nWilliam J. tlalsey, sec 18, Oct 4, 1853\\nSamuel B. Halsey, sec 18, Oct 4, 1853\\nWillam Dennis, sec 18, May 27, 1856\\nDennis Kain, sec 18, June 2, 1856\\nDavid Preston, sec 18, Aug 3, 1863\\nThomas Kain, sec 18, June 2, 1856\\nAlex.C.Parker, sec 19 Nov 13 and 14,1854\\nHiram Herick, sec 20, Dec 14, 1853\\nCharles Munger, sec 20, July 28, 1854\\nWilliam H. Oliver, sec 20, April 1,1854\\nHumphrey Shaw, sec 20, April 3, 1854\\nJoshua Blackmore, sec 20, Aug 3, 1863\\nZiba B. Osmun, sec 20, Feb 27, 1854\\nHalinda Chapman, sec 20, Jan 5, 1855\\nDaniel P. Fool e, sec 20, Jan 8,1855\\nWilliam H. Oliver, sec 20, Feb 16, 1852\\nDarwin A.Pettibone.sec 20,Aug24, 1863\\nSeth Munger, sec 20,,May 25, 1865\\nJohn Bowen sec 20, Oct 8, 1855\\nHiram G. Hotchkiss, sec 21, Jan 4, 1836\\nLeman B. Hotchkiss, sec 21, Jan 4, 1836\\nCalvin Hotchkiss, sec 21, Jan 4, 1836\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec 21, Oct 23, 1835\\nAlpheus Chapman, sec 21, Juue 26,\\n1848. and Nov 16, 1850\\nAbram La Rue, sec 21, Nov 21, 1850\\nWm. Seffhard, sec 21, March 1, 1854\\nAlanson Brown, sec 22, Oct 12. 1836\\nMichael Hoffman, sec 22, Oct 12, 1836\\nPatterson Ferguson, sec 22, Oct 12, 1836\\nLuke Wellington, sec 22, Oct 12, 1836\\nWm. W. Hartwell, sec 23, Dec 19,1836\\nMarvil P. Hawkins, sec 23, Nov 7, 1854\\nJohn Barbour, sec 23, Jan 21,1837\\nMary Barbour, sec 23, Jan 21, 1837\\nElizabeth A Barbour, sec 23, Jan 21,1837\\nGeorge Covil, sec 23, Nov 29, 1836\\nAlanson Brown sec 23, Oct 12, 1836\\nChester Parshall, sec 24, Nov 7, 1854\\nThomas Smith, sec 24, Dec 19, 1836\\nHenry Parks, see 24, Nov 22, 1854\\nMary Ann Hunt, sec 24. Jan 21, 1837\\nCarey E. demons, sec 25, Nov 7, 1854\\nHugh McLean, sec 25. Nov 7, 1851\\nIsaac Darling, jr., sec 25, Nov 7, 1S54\\nHugh Quin. sec 25, May 26, 1837\\nDaniel Wood, see 26, Nov 29, 1836", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0936.jp2"}, "933": {"fulltext": "TirTABAWASSEE TOWNSHIP.\\n949\\nNahum W.Capew, aec 2 I, Nov 29, 1836\\nThomas Wiard jr., sec 26, Oct 12, 1836\\nHugh Quin, sec 26, May 26, L887\\nThomas Crickale, sec 26, May 9, is::;\\nObadiah Crane,sec26, Feb L3, 1837\\nGeorge Young, Bee 26, Dec 2, 836\\nJohn McGregor, sec 27, May L9, 1834\\nWilliam c. Baker sec 27, An- 26, 1836\\nCharles H. Carroll, sec 22, June 22, 1836\\nWm T. Carroll, sec 27, June 22, L836\\nDuncan McKenzie, sec 27, May 20, L835\\nSilas Wiltse, sec 27, Bepl I, 1851\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec 28, ci 23, 1835\\nJoseph Busby, sec 28, Ma v. -J. L883\\nA. M. C.VanVasold,sec 28, May 27, 1850,\\n.May 8 and 1 1,1854, ami Aug 3, 1863\\nJoseph Ray, sec 28, -Ian s, 1855\\nFerdinand Beythan, sec3*,Sept9, 1852\\nFerdinand Bock, sec 28, Sept 9, 1852\\nWilliam Hay, f-ec 2!). -Ian 8, 1855\\nWhiting Rexford, sue 29, April 11, 1855\\nF. A: P. M. R. R, sec 29, Dec 1, 1862\\nJosiahG. Leech, sec 30. Oct 17, 1836\\nCurtis dates, sec 30, Oct 17, 1836\\n0. II. Wianer, sec 30, Nov 7, 1834\\nC. A. Harrington, sec 30, April 20, 1866\\nC. II. Wilkinson, sec SO.Mareh 10, 1870\\nWatcrmm Baker, sec 30, Aug 28, 1863\\nGeorge Nelson, sec30, June 19, 1869\\nJoshua Blackmore, sec 30, Aug 3, 1863\\nWm. M. liurtis, sec 31, Nov 2, !854\\nJohn G. Gibson, j-pc 31, Jan 2, 1852\\nJohn Jelly, sec 31, Jan 5. 1855\\nSarah Jelly, sec 31, April 19, 1*54\\nEdward McCarty.sec 31, Dec 19,1853\\nThomas McCarty, sec 31, Dec 10, 1853\\nJ. B. Passmore, sec 31, Nov 7, 1854\\nJames Parker, sec 31, Dec 0, 1854\\nChas. 11. Miller, sec 31, Dec 20, 1854\\nSam l A Godard, sec 32, Aug 26, 1836\\nFred. H. Bailey, sec 32, July 10, 1866\\nDavid P.Cramton, sec 32, April 16,1866\\nReuben Wi kham.s c82,April 21,1866\\nWilli. W. Owens, sec 32, April 28, 1866\\nWillis W. Owens, sec 32, Feb 24, 1869\\nAugustus Vasold, sec 32 Aug 17, 1863\\nFerdinand Beythan, sec 32, Sepl 15, 1873\\nHenry Beythan, sec 32, Sept21,1863\\nAlbert II Stoley, sec 32, Sep! 15, 1863\\nJoseph Benson, sec 32, Sept 15, 1863\\nAlex. McDonald, sec 32, Aug 29, 1863\\nThomas M. Howell, sec 33, Aug24, 1836\\nJohn Thompson, sec 33, March 15,1854\\nJohn Benson, sec 33, Oc1 12, 1850\\nArthur Shields, sec 33, Feb 15, 1856\\nFerd. Beythan, sec 33, March 12, 1855\\nFrancis Andrews, sec 33, Oct 12, 1850\\nVolnev Chapin, sec 33, Oct 12, 1850\\nWm. G. Thomas, sec 33, Dec 12, 1855\\nStephen B. Thomas, sec 33, Dec 12, 1855\\nJames P. Havden, sec 33, April 14,1854\\nF. A P. M. It R., sec 33, Dec 1, 1862\\nHiram Ackerman, sec 34, Nov 4, 1854\\nJoseph llalden, sec 34, May 8, 1834\\nJohn Thompson, se3 34, May 19, 1834\\nFrancis Anderson, sec 34, Sept 4, 1834\\nRobert Thompson, sec 34, May 19, 1834\\nWilliam Mitchel, sec 34, May 28, 1834\\nBenj Brown, sec 34, Julv 14, 1836\\nThos. M. Howell, sec 34, Au j;24, 1836\\nJames 1 Hayden, sec 34, Jan 30, 1854\\nJohn G. Wickham, sec 34, Feb 3, 18*53\\nSilas Wiltse. sec 34, Oct 17, 18 0\\nJoseph Wickham, sec 34, March 14, 1854\\nSam l II. Fitzhugh, sec 35, Jan 31, 1837\\nJohn Smythe, sec 35, Julv 11, 1836\\nThos. McCarty, sec 35, March 14, 1836\\nWm. C Baker, sec 35, Aug 26, 1836\\nPeter A. Cowdrey, sec 35, Oct 23, 1835\\nThomas P. Pierce, sec 36, Jan 2, 1854\\nAlexander Russell, sec 36, Jan 1, 1839\\n(hristopherHackett,sec36, Oct 21, 1850\\nBarnard Hackett, sec 36 Jan 31. 1837\\nMany of the names given in the foregoing record of patentees,\\nappear on the records of the county, both of the past and the\\npresent. It is true that a number of the pioneers of Tittabawassee\\nhave passed to the better land; yet enough remain to prove of\\nwhat stuff they are made, to continue in the service of their\\ncountry, and particularly of that county which they call their\\nhome. They have witnessed great changes since their coming\\nhere, and if spared to this world for a few more years, they will\\nwitness still more important changes, grander enterprises, even a\\ngreater people.\\nPERSONAL.\\nIn the following pages the personal sketches of many old set-\\ntlers and prominent men of this ancient township, are given. As\\nthey made the subject for its history, so also will their biog-", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0937.jp2"}, "934": {"fulltext": "950 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nraphies lead the reader to a true conception of all that courage,\\nenergy and industry have done to lift up the country from its\\nprimitive condition.\\nHorace S. Beach is one of the oldest and most respected pio-\\nntO-s of Saginaw county. He was born at New York city, Jan.\\n16, 1806, and his boyhood was mostly passed in Delaware. At the\\nage of 15 years he went to Livingston Co., N. Y., where he sub-\\nsequently taught school for 12 or 14 years in different counties. He\\ncame to this county in 1837, and the same year taught the first\\nschool in Saginaw City under a certificate or by a certificate. Pie\\nwas a surveyor, and was engaged in that business more or less\\nuntil 1855. He moved to his present farm in 1849. He cast his\\nmaiden vote for John Quincy Adams, but of late years has been\\na firm advocate of the principles set forth by the Republican party.\\nHe has been elected to fill several different offices in Saginaw tp. and\\ncity, and in 1842 and 44, served his fellow men as county Register of\\nDeeds. He was married at Saginaw City, in 1840, to Catherine\\nF. Maiden, who was born in Newfoundland, in 1818. Her father\\ncame to this county in 1834, locating on sec. 34 of this tp., on land\\nbought of Government. Nine children have been given to Mr.\\nBeach and wife, 4 of whom are living the remainder having\\nall died under 12 years of age, except Minnie, who was 19 years\\nold at date of her departure from this earth. Two sons served in\\nthe late war, both of whom still survive. The children are M. Mai-\\nden, a farmer of Isabella Co., Mich.; Charles, a captain, Theodore\\nJ. and Horace F. both farmers. Theodore J. was born Nov. 10,\\n1851. He was educated in the public schools of Saginaw City, and\\nhas spent considerable time in saw-mills, etc.; was sailor on the\\nlakes for some period; was also in the employ of the Tittabawassee\\nBoom Co. for four seasons; is Republican in politics; was married\\nJan. 1, 1879, to Eliza, daughter of James Major, and a native of\\nMichigan.\\nHenry Bey than, farmer, sec. 28, was born in Germany, in 1839;\\nparents were Ferdinand and Barbara (Linchman) Beythan, mother\\ndied in Germany; subject of sketch received his education mostly\\nin native land; in 1852 accompanied father to America, locating\\nin this tp., where he has since resided; by hard labor has succeeded\\nin accumulating a nice farm of 100 acres; is a Republican and\\nmember of the Lutheran Church; was married in 1864 to Jennie\\nCrosby; of their 6 children, 3 are living Lillie, Henry and May;\\nwife is member of the Baptist Church.\\nW. A. Crane, farmer, sec. 24, is a life resident of this county.\\nHe was born in Saginaw tp. in 1835. His parents were Obadiah\\nand Mary (Chichester) Crane, the former of whom settled in Sag-\\ninaw county, in 1830, when only one building was erected on the\\nsite of the present city. His parents were both natives of New\\nYork. W. A. was educated in an academy at Rochester, Mich.,\\nand has taught school for 25 successive winters, only missing one.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0938.jp2"}, "935": {"fulltext": "TITTABAWASSEE TOWNSHIP. 1\\nMathematics is his favorite study. He owns 180 acres of land,\\n110 of which are well improved. His residence is valued at\\n$3,000, and is heated by a furnace in the cellar. Mr. Crane was\\nmarried, in ls57, to Miss S. E. Purchase, who was born in Ontario\\nCo., X. Y., Nov. 12, 1841, and was the daughter of Erastus and\\nLaura Purchase (Griffin). Six children have come to cheer their\\nhome William E., Riley L., Ambrose, Mary, Milo and Franklin.\\nMrs. Crane is a member of the M. E. Church. Mr. Crane former-\\nly Jived in Kochville tp., where he was Superintendent of the\\nschools. He moved upon his present farm in 1S62. He is Repub-\\nlican in politics.\\nHugh Ga/rrett) farmer, sec. 31, was born in Ireland in L831;\\nis a son of Hugh and Mary (Williams) Garrett, natives of Scot-\\nland; subject of sketch received his education in his native land\\nand Canada: came to this county in 1868, and now owns 140 acres\\nof land; is a member of Democratic party; was married in 1852\\nto Mary Thurlow, 9 children have been sent to bless this union,\\n4 (laughters and 5 sons; subject and wife are members ot\\nWesleyan M. E. Church, of which body he has officiated as\\nSteward. Wife died dune 21, L881.\\nJames Gifford, farmer, was born in England in 1831; is a son\\nof John and Charlotte Cole Clifford; subject of sketch received\\nhis education in England; came to this county in 1805; wasemployed\\nin saw-mills for 20 years; since then has been engaged in farming;\\nowns 60 acres of land, and is a member of Democratic party; has\\nbeen twice married; first wife was Salenia Allum, who bore him 1\\nchild; wife was drowned in Lake Michigan, in 1863; second wife\\nwas Mary Marshall; they were married in L867, and have 2 children.\\nEd/wa/rd F. Goidd, merchant. Freeland Station, was born in\\nCanada. Feb. 20, L840; is a son of Seth B. and Julia A. (Crandle)\\nCould, natives of New York, who emigrated to Canada at an early\\nday; subject of sketch was reared in his native land, and in 1860\\nlocated at Midland, Mich., as general superintendent of John\\nLarkin s lumber business, remaining in such position 14 years; was\\nin partnership with Sherman Olmstead, in a shingle-mill, for four\\nyears, and one year alone; then sold out. and engaged in farming;\\nin September, 1880, established present business;was elected Tp.\\nClerk, in spring of 1881; is member of I. O. F. and Masonic\\nfraternities; was married duly 5, L869, to Harriet C, daughter of\\nJ. A. and Elizabeth Munger, who was born March 26, 1848; 3\\nchildren. Seth B., Lottie E. and dames A.\\nWilUa/m Hackett, farmer and stock-raiser on sec. 36, born\\nin Livingston Co.. N. Y.. May 21, 1843, is a son of Bernard and\\nBridget (Murray) Ilackett, who located on subject s farm in L843.\\nWilliam now owns 590 acres of good land, and was engaged in the\\nlumber traffic over 11 years; was married, Oct. 2, 1871, to Mary\\nKeller; 5 children have been born to them William, Catherine\\nB., James F., Mary I. and Jennie; subject s postoffice address is\\nSaginaw City.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0939.jp2"}, "936": {"fulltext": "952 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nRev. J. II Lewis, farmer, see. 21, was born in Dutchess Co.,\\nN. Y., Sept. 30, 1827; is a son of Gershon and Hannah Yan Yra-\\ndenburgh) Lewis, who settled in Genesee Co., Mich., in 1836,\\nwhere father still resides; mother deceased; subject obtained an\\neducation by his own individual efforts, and at 19 years of age\\nbegan to teach school, at which he labored for 15 years; since then\\nhas been engaged in farming; is a minister of the gospel, of the\\nVYcsleyan M. E. Church, and has charge of the Midland Circuit;\\nsettled in this tp. in 1855, where he has since resided; was married\\nDec. 17, 1848, to Mary L. Surryhue, who was born in New York\\ncity, March 25, 1821; 4 children have been given them\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mary A.,\\nWilliam H., Watson A. and Florence E; wife died March 28,\\n1-864; he was again married June 15, 1865, to Aurora Jaquith,\\nwho was born in this county March 19, 1843; subject has been\\nSupervisor and Tp. Clerk; owns 93 acres of land.\\nThomas McOuUoch, farmer, was born in Scotland in 1833; is a\\nson of Thomas and Jane (Martin) McCulloch, natives of Scotland;\\nsubject of sketch received his education in this county; owns 200\\nacres of land. 130 of which are tillable; is a Democrat and has\\nbeen Tp. Commissioner and School Director; was married in 1848\\nto Margaret Glover, who bore him 2 children, and died in 1869;\\nwas again married in July, 1870, to Jane Garrett; they have 1\\nchild, Mary Bessie; wife is a member of the M. E. Church.\\nJohn A. McGregor, farmer and stock-raiser, sec. 28; P. O., Free-\\nland Station; is a life resident of this county, and was born Sept.\\n7, 1840; parents were John and Janett (Thomson) McGregor, who\\nlocated at Detroit, Mich., in 1835, remaining one year, and then to\\nthis county, where they resided, with the exception of three years\\nin Kent county, till their deaths; father was a mason, and assisted\\nin the erection of the first lighthouse at the mouth of the Sag-\\ninaw river; was killed by a falling tree (while chopping) Feb. 23,\\n1850; mother died Oct, 6, 1874; subject of sketch has been a farmer\\nthrough life, and at one time suffered a loss of $1,200 in the lum-\\nber business; has been Tp. Treasurer two terms; and is a member\\nof the Masonic order; is present Supervisor of this tp. was married\\nOct. 30, 1866, to Elizabeth Davinson, who was born in Niagara Co.,\\nK Y., Jan. 14, 1841; they have 1 child, Etta E.\\nJohn McGregor was born in Scotland, March 23, 1840; is a\\nson of Peter and Margaret (Reid) McGregor, who came to the\\nUnited States in 1843, and to this county the same year; subject ot\\nsketch received a fair education and was reared on a farm; has\\nbet n a farmer through life, and in 1879 engaged in present busi-\\nness; has been School Inspector and Commissioner of Highways,\\nand is a member of the Adventist Church; owns 96 acres of fer-\\ntile land on sec. 17; was married Dec. 7, 1869, to Atressa Sim-\\nmons, who was born in Canada, March 9, 1847; 2 children are\\nliving Maude and Raymond; subject of sketch is making exten-\\nsive preparations for the keeping of bees and the manufacture of\\nhonev.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0940.jp2"}, "937": {"fulltext": "TTTTABAWASSEE TOWNSHIP. 9.53\\nPeter McGregor^ sec. 7. was horn in Scotland in March, 1809;\\nparents were Alpine and Grace (McDonald) McGregor, both of\\nwhom died in Scotland; subject of sketch grew to manhood in\\nScotland, and in L 843 came to America with $200 in money; his\\nbrother had come L0 years previous; subject settled on present\\nfarm of 232 acres, which he has cleared and improved; has been\\nJustice of the Peace two terms and Tp. Treasurer same Length of\\ntime; was married July 23, 1839, to Margaret Reid, who was\\nborn in Scotland in 1812.; of their 7 children. 4 survive\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John,\\nGrace. Margaret and Jane; wife died Sept. 29, 1870.\\nFrank McLellan, agriculturist, sec. 13, is a life resident of this\\ncounty, and was born Oct. 10, 1850; parents, Benjamin and Eme-\\nline (Ballmer) McLellan, are natives of New Hampshire and New\\nYork; father came to Saginaw county in 1834 or 1836, and has re-\\nsided here since; subject of sketch received his preliminary educa-\\ntion in the public schools, and subsequently attended Bryant\\nStratton s Commercial College of Detroit, Mich.; at present is\\nDrain Commissioner, and owns 160 acres of land; was married\\nDec. 8, 1875, to Mary II., daughter of John and Margaret Smith,\\nwho was born in this county June 12, 1850; they have 1 child.\\nMelbourne.\\nJames A. Hunger, physician and merchant, Freeland Station,\\nwas born in Monroe Co., N. Y., Oct. 6, 182.) parents, Daniel and\\nLucy (Agard) Munger, removed to Jefferson Co., Pa., when James\\nwas quite young, where he remained until 18 years of age;\\nwas engaged in lumber business several years; in 1870 entered\\ninto the mercantile trade, the last eight years being located at this\\npoint; has practiced medicine over 15 years; in 1863, in com-\\npany with John Lee, threshed the greater portion of the grain\\nraised in this and Midland counties; has been Supervisor, Com-\\nmissioner of Highways, and is at present Justice of the Peace of\\nthis township; is connected with the Adventist denomination; was\\nmarried Jan. 7, 1847, to Elizabeth Crispen, who was born in Jef-\\nferson Co., Pa., Sept. 6, 1826; 6 children Harriet, Lucius, John,\\nAdaline, Emily and Clorra.\\nJohn Munger, an old and respected settler of this township, was\\nborn in New York in 1820, and is a son of Daniel and Lucy\\n(Agard) Munger, natives of New York, father of English descent;\\nsubject of sketch received a fair education in his native State, and\\nin 1858 located in Saginaw county; had but one grip sack and\\nno money when he arrived, but went resolutely to work, and the\\nresult of his labors are shown in the 80-acre fertile farm he now\\npossesses; is Republican in politics; was married in 1S41 to Al-\\nmira Spencer, who bore him 7 children, 6 living; wife died in 1855;\\nwas married again in 1857 to Sarah Clark, a native of New York;\\nhave 2 children; subject and wife are members of the Wesleyan\\nM. E. Church, in which body he has been class-leader. The 2\\nchildren s names are Oscar E. and Frankie Y.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0941.jp2"}, "938": {"fulltext": "954 HIST0BY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nMorris Mulkins, farmer, sec. 23, was born in Otsego Co., 1ST. Y.,\\nMarch 19, 1820; parents were John and Sally (Love joy) Mulkins,\\nnatives of Connecticut; in 1855 they located in Oakland Co., Mich.,\\nwhere Mrs. Mulkins died; father subsequently returned to New\\nYork, where he departed this life some years ago; subject of sketch\\nspent his early life in a woolen factory, and in 1849 located in Oak-\\nland Co., Mich.; in 1851 he settled on his present farm of 40 acres;\\nhas been Township Commissioner, and is a member of the Masonic\\norder; was married Aug. 23, 1842, to Rosanna Wellman, who was\\nborn in New York May 15, 1823; 4 children\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John, Flora L.,\\nRhoda A. and Olive.\\nDavid B. Ohnstead, farmer, sec. 22, was born in Norfolk Co.,\\nCanada West, March 23, 1818; parents were Stephen and Mary\\n(Barber) Olmstead, natives of New York and. New Jersey;\\nfather died in Canada, in 1855, mother later; subject of sketch\\nwent to live with uncle when 14 years of age, as his parents\\nwere poor; bought a piece of land, but had to give it up, as could not\\npay for it; li\\\\ed on rented land six years, and in 1856 came to this\\ncounty; bought a timbered farm at $6 per acre, paying $250 cash\\ndown; expected to get money of party in Canada, who owed him,\\nto pay the remainder; party ran off, and money was never paid;\\nsubject had only one horse and a few dollars to commence life\\nhere, but has succeeded admirably; now owns 160 acres, valued at\\n$50 per acre; was married April IT, 1814; wife was native of\\nEngland; bore him 1 child (deceased), and died Feb. IT, 1845;\\nsubject was again married, March 10, 1847, to Mary Murray,\\nwho was born in (Canada, March 22, 1827; of their 6 children, 5 are\\nliving\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sophia, Mary A., John B., James M. and Stephen G.;\\nsubject and wife are members of Baptist Ch urch, and he has been\\nTp. Treasurer; has also been member of School Board for several\\nyears.\\nFranklin Henry Pierce, farmer, was born in Saratoga Co., N. Y.,\\nin 1843; parents are Phineas Peter and Mary (Chase) Pierce,\\nnatives of New York, father of French, mother of German parent-\\nage; subject of sketch accompanied parents to this State in 1856,\\nhis father locating 80 acres of land on sec. 18, of this tp.; was edu-\\ncated in this country, and learned the blacksmith s trade; in 1861\\nenlisted in Co. B, 10th Reg. Mich. Yol. Inf., and was along when\\nSherman marched down to the sea; was wounded at battle of\\nBuzzard s Roost, in Georgia, also wounded in head, by bayonet,\\nat battle of Jonesboro, Ga., Aug. 31, 1864; is a Republican; owns\\n80 acres of land; was married in 1866, to Esther Hall, a native of\\nMichigan; 5 children have been given them William, Allen A.,\\nCharles F., Eva nd Harriet; wife is a member of Episcopal\\nChurch.\\nWilliam Roeser, merchant and dealer in farming implements,\\nFreeland Station, was born in Germany, Jan. 4, 1825; is son of\\nFrederick and Johanna (Schmieder) Roeser; in 1850 accompanied\\ntwo brothers, Otto and Gustave, to this country, all locating in", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0942.jp2"}, "939": {"fulltext": "TITTABAWAS8EE TOWNSHIP. 955\\nthis tp.; subject of sketch lias a good mercantile education; has\\nbeen engaged in business since 1855, besides owning and operating\\na farm; laid out Freeland Station in 1867. and has been instru-\\nmental in settling up this village and tp.; has tilled various tp.\\nofKces; was married, Feb. 14, 1851, to Therese Von Vasold, who\\nwas born in Germany, in 1829; they have 9 children Oscar, Her-\\nman, William. Clara, Charles, Francis, Albert, Henry and Fred-\\nerick.\\nMr. Roeser s portrait is given in this work, on page 911.\\nAlbert II. Stolze, i armdr, sec. 28, was born in Germany, in ls40;\\nparents were John Henry and Elizabeth (Schilling) Stolze; mother\\ndied in Germany; subject of sketch was educated in his native\\nland, and in 1854, accompanied his father to America; he has\\nbeen engaged in agricultural pursuits through life, and now owns\\n30 acres of good land; is a member of the Lutheran Church; was\\nmarried in 1865, to Melissa Crosby, a native of Michigan, of Eng-\\nlish descent; have 1 child Ella, born May 16, 1866; wife is a\\nmember of the Baptist Church.\\nDavid Thomson, farmer and stock-raiser, sec. 22; P. O., Free-\\nland Station; was born in Saginaw Co., Feb. 16, 1845; is son of\\nJohn and Jane Thomson, natives of Scotland, who located at De-\\ntroit, Mich., in 1837; subsequently removed to this county; subject\\nof sketch was reared on a farm and received his education in the\\ncommon schools; served one and a half years in Co. L, 16th Reg.\\nMich. Vol. Inf., in the army of the Potomac; owns 100 acres ot\\ngood land; was married in January, 1874, to Mary Olmstead, who\\nwas born Dec. 23, 1853; they have 3 children John *W\\\\, Bertha\\nC. and Nellie M.\\nJohn Thompson, agriculturist, sec. 27; P. O., Freeland Station;\\nwas born in Scotland, Jan. 31, 1833; parents were John and Jane\\n(Murray Thompson, who located at Detroit, Mich., in 1835, where\\nthey remained five years, and then settled on farm occupied by\\nsubject of this sketch; father died Feb. 9, 1879, and mother Sept.\\n24, 1860. John was reared on a farm, receiving a common-school\\neducation; was Tp. Treasurer two terms, and Justice of the Peace\\none term; is a member of M. E. Church; was married Aug. 31,\\n1856, to Sarah J. Pinkney, who was born in Sandusky Co., O.,\\nF eb. 14, 1840; 6 children have been sent to them Euphemie J.,\\nMary E., William S., Irene, Carrie A. and Lydia M.\\nGeorge Turmbull, farmer, sec. 27, was born in Scotland, Nov.\\n12, 1826; parents were David and Margaret Turnbull, who, in 1854,\\nlocated in New Brunswick, where the father died March 10, 1873;\\nmother still survives; subject of sketch left New Brunswick at age\\nof 18 years, and went to Canada; after three years residence there,\\nhe came to Michigan, and in 1852, to Saginaw Co.; located on\\npresent farm of 120 acres in 1854; received only a common educa-\\ntion, and began life with nothing; has made all he possesses by\\nindomitable will and etiergy; was married Nov. 8, 1853, to Juial\\nThompson, who was born Mar. 17, 1829; 9 children have been", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0943.jp2"}, "940": {"fulltext": "956 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\ngiven them, 8 of whom are living David, John, George, Jar-\\nsan J., Mina, Thomas, Sarah and Theodore.\\nAugustus Vasold, sr., farmer, was born in Germany in 1804.\\nHe came to America in 1850, and located in this tp. the same year.\\nHe is now the oldest living settler within the border of tp. He\\nmarried Ernestine Walchter, who was born in Germany in 1804.\\nand came to this tp. the same year as her husband. Mr. Vasold\\nowns 120 acres of good land. He has 4 sons, all farmers of this\\ntp. Henry was born in Germany in 1831, and accompanied his\\nparents to this county, locating on sec. 28, of this tp. He received\\na common school education, and has been a farmer through life.\\nHe is a Republican, and owns 80 acres of land. He was married\\nin 1876 to Adelaide Merritt, who has given him 2 children Henry\\nLewis and George Whitman. Mr. V. is a member of the Lutheran\\nChurch, and his wife is connected with the M. E. denomination.\\nAugustus, jr., another son, was born in Germany in 1834, and\\nreceived a colleg-iate education in his native land. He accom-\\npanied his parents to America in 1850, and now owns 90 acres\\nof well improved land. He is a Republican, and has been Super-\\nvisor one term, and Justice of the Peace 16 years, also a school\\nofficer. He was married in 1868 to Augusta Van Vliet, a native of\\nGermany. They have 6 children Lina, Ernst, August, Elma,\\nAugusta and Minnie. Mr. Vasold and wife are members of the\\nLutheran Church. Otto Vasold was born in Germany in 1S47; when\\n15 years of age he began to raise bees and manufacture honey, and\\nhas continued that business till the present time. He usually keeps\\n50 or 60 swarms on hand, but the cold winter of 1878- 9 destroyed\\nabout 54 swarms. He owns 135 acres of good land; is a member\\nof the Lutheran Church; a Republican, and has been Assessor and\\nSchool Inspector of tp. Hugo Vasold was born in Germany, Feb.\\n19, 1837, and was there educated. He has been a farmer through\\nlife, and was given 40 acres of land, by his father, to start on. By\\nindustry and thrift he has increased his farm to 190 acres, 100 of\\nwhich are well improved. He is a Republican, and has been Road\\nCommissioner and Assessor. He was married April 3, 1867, to\\nNatalie Huene. They have 5 children living Charles A., Julia,\\nErnestine, Oscar and Salame; Walter is deceased. Mr. Vasold and\\nwife are members of the Lutheran Church.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0944.jp2"}, "941": {"fulltext": "ZILWAUKEE TOWNSHIP\\ncomprised at its organization, Jan. 20, 1854, all the land within its\\npresent limits, together with a large tract on the east side of the\\nriver, since annexed to Buena Vista. Within the township proper\\nare four villages or settlements: Bliss Mill settlement, containing a\\npopulation of 174; Melbourne settlement, with 315 inhabitants;\\nNew York Works settlement of 145 inhabitants, and Zilwaukee\\nvillage, containing a population of 915. The township outside\\nthese centers is thinly settled, containing only 81 people. The\\nentire population is 1,630. The land along the river is low and\\nmarshy. The people look to the great industries of Rust, Eaton\\nCo., the New York works, Oneida Salt Co. s works, Burt s mill and\\nother factories as the main pillar of support. With a system of\\ndrainage and embankment, the lands could be converted into the\\nrichest agricultural district in the county.\\nORGANIC.\\nThe application for the organization of Zilwaukee was signed by\\nJohn L. Richman, P. N. Davenport, L. Wellington, Louis Duprat,\\nAntoine Duprat, John Davis, David Johnson, Jerry Davis, B. J.\\nFisher, Jacob Wright, James Barrett, Casper Schulteis, Michael\\nWalker, J. H. Schoeder, representing the 41 electors then in the\\ntownship, and presented to the Board of Supervisors. The terri-\\ntory to be organized comprised the south half of township number\\n13 north, of range 4 east; the south half of township number 13\\nnorth, of range 5 east; fractional section 6, and all that part of frac-\\ntional section 5 lying west of Saginaw river, in township number\\n12 north, of range 5 east. The board granted the request of the\\napplicants Jan. 3, 1854, and ordered that the first annual meeting\\nfor the election of township officers be held at the office of D. S.\\nJohnson, in Zilwaukee, Jan. 20, 1854; and that the following-named\\npersons Luke Wellington, Charles Danes and B. F. Fisher, being\\nthree electors of said township be designated and appointed to\\npreside at such meeting.\\nThe first town meeting was held at D. S. Johnson s office Jan.\\n20, 1854, as ordered. Charles Danes was elected Supervisor; Chas.\\nII. Brower, Town Clerk; Charles Lewis, Treasurer; Louis Duprat,\\nCommissioner of Highways; Benj. F. Fisher, School Inspector;\\nDaniel Johnson, Benj. F. Fisher, Win. L. Marsh, Casper Schul-\\nteis, Justices of the Peace; Asher Parks, Henry Flatan, John G.\\nBrindle and Jeremiah Davis, Constables; Jacob Wright, Louis\\nDuprat, Overseers of the Poor.\\n(957)", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0945.jp2"}, "942": {"fulltext": "958\\nHISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nTOWNSHIP OFFICERS.\\nThe following list embraces the township officers from 1854 to\\n1881:\\nSUPERVISORS.\\nCharles Danes 1854\\nLuke Wellington 1855\\nB.F.Fisher 1856- 7\\nGeo. Lewis 1858- 9\\nAlexander Alberti 1860- l\\nCasper Schulteis. 1862\\nThomas W. Hastings 1863- 5\\nJacob Wright 1866- 9\\nJohn H. Doyle 1870- l\\nJacob Wright 1872- 3\\nJohn H. Doyle 1874- 81\\nCLERKS.\\nCharles H Brower 1854\\nJames Barrett 1855\\nT. N. Tabor 1856 7\\nN. D. Birdsall 1858\\nCasper Schulteis 1859- 61\\nCharles Glave 1862- 3\\nF. A. Martin 1864- 5\\nClark C. Butts l866- 8\\nS. H. Gould 1869- 72\\nChristoph. Kastner 1873\\nWilliam Gardner 1874- 9\\nChristoph. Kastner 1880- l\\nTREASURERS.\\nCharles Lewis .1854\\nLouise Duprat 1855\\nCharles Lewis 1856\\nCasper Schulteis 1857\\nJacob Wright 1858- 65\\nNat. Duprat 1866- 9\\nErnst Wetzel 1870- 9\\nFred. Otto 1880- 1\\nJUSTICES OF THE PEACE.\\nDaniel Johnson, B. Fisher 1854\\nW. L. Marsh, Casper Schulteis 1854\\nB. F. Fisher 1855\\nC. Schulteis, Geo. Lewis 1856\\nT. N. Taber 1857\\nJ. Wright, Geo. Lewis 1858\\nC. Chase 1859\\nC. Schulteis, Chas. Glave 1860\\nJerreaus Bissett, J. Wright 1861\\nA. Alberti 1861\\nJames Maloney, Chas. Glave 1862\\nJacob Wright 1863\\nGeo. D. Sargent 1864\\nJohn W. Robertson 1865\\nWm. L. Marsh, J. Doyle, H. S.\\nBennet 1866\\nRobert Manthon 1867\\nErnst Wetzel, J. Wright, J.\\nDovle 1688\\nC C/Rice 1869\\nDe Witt Valentine, C. C. Cbap\\npel 1870\\nEzra Lougeor, H. S. Bennet, C.\\nRussel 1871\\nJohn Reneke, J. Fleming 1872\\nChris. Kastner, C Chappel 1872\\nGeo. Wacker, Ernst Wetzel 1873\\nJacob Wright, T. Shea 1874\\nChris. Kastner, W. Torrance 1875\\nJ. H.Fleming 1875\\nD. Creasor 1876\\nJohn Steele 1877\\nWm. Torrance, M. McPhillips. ..1878\\nChristopher Kastner.\\nWilliam Torrance\\nIsaac Turner, J. H. Doyle 1879\\nPatrick Ryan, E. Wetzel\\nJames E. Sanders\\nChristopher Kastner 1880\\nFred Ash, J Pidgeon 1881\\nCHURCHES.\\nThe churches of the township comprise the Catholic, Lutheran\\nand Methodist. The Lutheran church is said to be a pretentious\\nbuilding.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0946.jp2"}, "943": {"fulltext": "A\\nZILWAUKEE TOWNSHIP. 959\\nSCHOOLS.\\nThere are three school districts in the township; No. 1 presided\\nover by James Malony No. 2 by Joseph C. Bixby, and No. 3 by\\nEdward Lambert. The number of children of school age in the\\ntownship in September, 1880, was 503, of whom 374 w r ere reported\\nin attendance. The school-houses are frame buildings, valued at\\n$8,656. There are seven teachers employed, who received during\\nthe past year $1,912 for their services. The total disbursement of\\nmoney for school purposes during the year ending in September,\\nL880, was $2,981.90. The district taxes amounted to $2,412, pri-\\nmary school fund $207.27, non-resident fees $600, and $197.27\\nraised from other sources, aggregating $2,981.90. The township\\nlibrary contains 422 volumes, including 118 volumes added dur-\\ning the \\\\ear L880.\\nPERSONAL SKETCHES.\\nTheodoTi F. Casamer, Principal of the Zilwaukee Public Schools,\\nwas horn in Orion tp., Oakland Co., Mich., in 1S44 parents are\\n[saac and Prudence (Buchner) Casamer, natives of New Jersey, of\\nGerman descent subject of sketch received his education at the\\nYpsilanti Normal School, also attended Eastman s Commercial\\nCollege, of Poughkeepsie, X. Y. when 17 years of age, enlisted\\nin Co. C, 10th Keg. Mich. Vol. Inf., and was wounded in the\\nshoulder at battle of Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864; was dis-\\ncharged, and re-enlisted again in 1864, but w r as discharged again\\nin 1865 on account of wounds received was a resident of Genesee\\nCo., Mich., for some time; and was appointed County Superinten-\\ndent of Schools was also nominated for Register of Deeds of\\nOakland Co., Mich., in 1876 came to Zilwaukee in 1868, and ac-\\ncepted jpresent position, which he has since rilled; is Republican\\nin politics was married in 1880, to Jane Chase.\\nGeorge Hendry, physician, wasborn in the Province of Ontario,\\nCanada, in L838, and is a son of John and Mary Ann (Clark), na-\\ntives of Scotland received his literary education in the high\\nschools of Canada, and was a teacher at Farmersville for two\\nyears entered Queen s College (Medical) at Kingston, from\\nwhich he graduated March 29, 1869 came to this tp. in 1868; is\\nRepublican in politics has twice been delegate to State Conven-\\ntions, and in 1880, was delegate to Detroit to elect delegates for\\nthe Presidential election has been Superintendent of Schools and\\nJustice of the Peace was President of the Saginaw County Med-\\nical Society in 1874 enjoys an extensive and lucrative practice\\nwas married, in Canada, in 1873, to Mary Simpson, a native of\\nScotland have 2 children George David Kerr and Isabella\\nHenrietta.\\nFrederic Otto, residence Zilwaukee village, was born in Ger-\\nmany, in 1833, and is a son of Frederic and Frederika (Phulshur)\\nOtto he received a common-school eduation in Prussia, and has", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0947.jp2"}, "944": {"fulltext": "960 HISTORY OF SAGINAW COUNTY.\\nserved some years as engineer of a stationary engine he came to\\nthis country in 1855 is Democratic in politics, and has officiated\\nas School Inspector and Tp. Treasurer two terms he owns 35\\nacres of land, two of which are in the village of Zilwaukee also\\n11 village lots he was married in 1859, to Caroline Hilderbrand;\\nof their 10 children, 8 are living Fred, Charlie, John, Rudolf, Al-\\nvina, William, Caroline and Albert. The deceased are Louisa,\\nand Abesia.\\nPhllo Stafford was born in Ontario Co., N. Y., in 1831; is a\\nson of John and Margaret (Orr) Stafford; father native of Rhode\\nIsland, of English descent; mother native of Vermont, of Scotch\\nparentage. Subject of sketch was educated at the common and\\nhigh schools of Ohio, and has been engaged in a saw-mill since\\n1851. On Aug. 25, 1862, enlisted in Co. A, 18th Mich. Vol. Inf.,\\nand was honorably discharged in. 1863. In 186- obtained position\\nas foreman of Rust, Eaton Co s saw-mill, and has been engaged\\nin that business since; has full charge of everything connected\\nwith mill, and has on an average 50 men employed. Was\\nmarried in 1859 to Francis C. Riddle, a native of Ohio, of\\nEnglish and Irish descent. Of their 6 children 5 are living. Sub-\\nject of sketch votes for candidates of Republican party.\\nErnst Wetzel was born in Prussia, Dec. 4, 1830; is a son of\\nCharles Wetzel, a sea captain. Subject of sketch received a fair\\neducation in his native land, and in 1843 shipped on board a\\nvessel as a common sailor. In 1848 he cruised to America, and\\nsubsequently to Buenos Ayres; took a trip around Cape Horn,\\nand arrived at San Francisco, Cal., May 4, 1850. For two years\\nwas proprietor of a general store in the mining regions, being\\nvery successful in this business. Was a miner for 12 years; came\\nto this county in 1866, and has since been a farmer; owns 122\\nacres of land and property in East Saginaw. Is a member of the\\nLutheran Church, and a Democrat. Was Justice of the Peace\\nand Tp. Treasurer for 10 years. Was married in 1866, to Mary\\nAnn Huss, a native of Germany, born Nov. 30, 1840; have 6\\nchildren, 1 daughter and 5 sons Albert, Herman, Ernest, Emil,\\nBernard and Clara.", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0948.jp2"}, "945": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0949.jp2"}, "946": {"fulltext": "21", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0950.jp2"}, "947": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0951.jp2"}, "948": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3566", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "historyofsaginaw00lees_0952.jp2"}}