{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3502", "width": "2088", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "0^ V\\n.0- -o\\nS. -i o V\\n.0^\\nA\\nn\\ns:- ^^7^??-^\\nA v^\\n^^,0^\\ns^\\nC- v ^s-J-^\\n0^ x^^\\no\\nV -i-\\n0^ ^^x^\\n.Oo\\n^^^^^s^^^^^\\n^s,.-^ .0-^\\no 0\\n.0*\\na 0^\\nC\\nII\\nV,/^,\\n.x^^^\\n,0o^\\nc\\ni", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "^O^\\n6 -n^.\\naN\\nv^^^\\nc^ I. ^^-t^\\n-0\\n.9* -V.-^c\\n^Z^. .0 H\\nX\\n7", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "GEORGIA:\\nA GUIDE TO\\nITS CITIES, TOWNS, SCENERY, AND\\nRESOURCES.\\nWITH TABLES CONTAINING VALUABLE INFORMA-\\nTION FOR PERSONS DESIRING TO SETTLE\\nOR TO MAKE INVESTMENTS WITHIN\\nTHE LIMITS OF THE STATE.\\nj! T. DERRY,\\nPROFESSOR OF ANCIENT LANGUAGES IN ACADEMY OF RICH-\\nMOND COUNTY, AND AUTHOR OF A HISTORY\\nOF THE UNITED STATES.\\nWITH ILLUSTRATIONS.\\nNr. K/5\\nPHILADELPHIA:\\nJ. B. LIPPINCOTT CO.\\n1878.", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "r^ ^i\\nCopyright, 1878, by J. B. LiPPiNCOTT Co.", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nFAGB\\n[ntroduction 5\\nCHAPTER I.\\nHistorical Sketch of Georgia\\nCHAPTER IL\\nAtlanta and Northwest Georgia\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Western and Atlantic Road,\\nor the Kenesaw Route Places of Historic Interest Battles of\\nAtlanta, Kenesaw Mountain, Resaca, Ringgold, AUatoona, Rome,\\nand Chickamauga 3^\\nCHAPTER III.\\nThe Air-Line Road and Northeast Georgia\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Toccoa Falls\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tal-\\nlulah Falls\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Nacoochee Valley 5^\\nCHAPTER IV.\\nAugusta and Middle Georgia\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Georgia Railroad and Branches\\nRevolutionary History of Augusta, etc 58\\nCHAPTER V.\\nMacon, Columbus, and Western Georgia\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Central Railroad and\\nBranches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Atlanta and West Point Railroad\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Places of Interest\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Battles of Jonesborough, Griswoldville, Newnan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Affair at\\nWest Point 73\\nCHAPTER VI.\\nSavannah and the Georgia Coast\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Incidents connected with Colo-\\nnial and Revolutionary History\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fort McAllister 87\\n3", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "4 CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER VII.\\nPAGE\\nSouthern Georgia Atlantic and Gulf Railroad and Connections loo\\nCHAPTER VIII.\\nEducation in Georgia 105\\nCHAPTER IX.\\nReligious Denominations in Georgia 113\\nCHAPTER X.\\nWater- Power of Georgia 120\\nCHAPTER XL\\nManufactures Mineral Region Iron-Furnaces Character of the\\nMinerals Height of Mountains 14S\\nCHAPTER XII.\\nProductions of Georgia 153\\nCHAPTER XIII.\\nClimate and Health of Georgia 171", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION,\\nGeorgia, one of the original thirteen States of the\\nAmerican Union, extends in latitude from 30\u00c2\u00b0 21 to 35\u00c2\u00b0\\nnorth, and in longitude from 80\u00c2\u00b0 48 to 85\u00c2\u00b0 40 west\\n(reckoning from Greenwich). Its extreme length from\\nnorth to south is three hundred and twenty miles, and its\\ngreatest breadth from east to west is two hundred and\\nfifty-four miles. Its area is fifty-eight thousand square\\nmiles, equal in size to England and Wales combined.\\nThe surface is low and level on the coast, hilly in the\\ncentre, and mountainous in the north and northwest.\\nOwing to the diversity of climate and soil, the produc-\\ntions are wonderful in variety. The famous Sea Island\\ncotton is raised on the islands along the coast, and cotton\\nis also the great staple of the central and southern por-\\ntions of the State. The rice-fields along the coast give a\\nbountiful yield, and in the south a considerable amount\\nof sugar is made. In all sections of Georgia corn is cul-\\ntivated with the greatest success, and through the central\\nand more northern sections all the grains common to the\\nmore Northern States of the Union are produced. The\\nfruits embrace not only those usually found in the tem-\\nperate zone, but also many of those that belong to the\\ntropics. No country in the world can offer greater in-\\nducements to the industrious immigrant seeking a pleasant\\nhome where he may enjoy the privileges of churches, ex-\\ncellent schools, and good society. All these advantages", "height": "3325", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "6 INTRODUCTION.\\nmay be enjoyed in all sections of the State, and are not\\nconfined, as some writers of limited knowledge would\\nlead their readers to suppose, to the cities and the large\\ntowns.\\nAgriculture has always been the chief employment of\\nthe citizens of Georgia, and her magnificent railway\\nsystem affords ready access to the markets for the produce\\nof the planters. For many years past great attention has\\nbeen paid to manufactures, especially of coarse cotton\\nfabrics. It is the custom of many writers to represent\\nthe people of the South as just beginning to wake up to\\nthe necessity of diversified industry, while the truth is\\nthat long before the War of Secession the people of the\\nSouth were engaging in manufacturing enterprises and in\\nthe construction of extensive lines of railway. In these\\nthings Georgia was, and is yet, the foremost of the\\nSouthern States, and in many of her towns and villages\\none may hear the busy hum of spindles and mark the\\nevidences of progressive industry. Manufactures are\\nencouraged by an act of the Legislature exempting all\\nenterprises of this sort from taxation for a period of ten\\nyears. The lands in most parts of the State are good,\\nand even the so-called worn-out lands are, by proper\\ncultivation, made to produce abundant crops. The soil\\nis particularly rich in the valleys, in the lowlands, on the\\ncoast, and on the adjacent islands. In the eastern part\\nof the State, and a little below the central portion, are\\nextensive forests, from which the best of lumber is ob-\\ntained. It is estimated that one-fifth of the lumber trade\\nof the Union is carried on through Savannah and the\\nother ports along the coast of Georgia. The sea-coast is\\nabout one hundred miles in length. The ports are\\nSavannah, Darien, Brunswick, and St. Mary s. The\\nthree latter are small towns, and are chiefly engaged in", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION. y\\nthe lumber trade. Savannah, though a city of only about\\nthirty thousand inhabitants, is, in the value of its ex-\\nports, the third city of the Union. Augusta, on the\\neastern side of the State, and Columbus, on the western\\nside, are great manufacturing centres. The manufactures\\nof Georgia are destined at no distant day to add greatly\\nto the prosperity and wealth of the State. Probably no\\nState possesses a greater number of splendid sites for mills\\nand factories, and the policy of the State government is,\\nas has already been mentioned, such as to foster in every\\nway enterprises of this sort. No State of the Union is\\nblessed with a greater variety of soil, climate, and pro-\\nductions. Dr. George Little, the State Geologist, in his\\nreport for 1875, says: Every fruit and cereal and\\ntextile fibre useful to man can be cultivated in one por-\\ntion or another of the State. Every variety of climate\\nis afforded, as illustrated in my own experience during\\nthe present month, when leaving one party on the southern\\nborder sleeping in the open air on the islands of the Oke-\\nfinokee, with oranges and bananas hanging in the gardens\\non its borders, I joined in the same week another party\\non the Cohutta mountains covered with snow; while in\\npassing through Atlanta, balmy breezes were blowing as\\nif it were spring-time.\\nGeorgia is rich in minerals, metals, and building-stones.\\nThe value of improved lands in Georgia varies from\\nfifty-one cents to fourteen dollars and forty-two cents per\\nacre, while the value of wild lands varies from eleven\\ncents to one dollar and seventeen cents per acre.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "GEORGIA:\\nITS CITIES, TOWNS, SCENERY, AND\\nRESOURCES.\\nCHAPTER I.\\nHistorical Sketch of Georgia.\\nA CHARTER for the establishment of the colony of\\nGeorgia was obtained from George II., King of England,\\nin June, 1732. At first it embraced a territory between\\nthe Savannah and the Altamaha rivers, but its limits were\\nafterwards extended to the Mississippi River, so that\\nwithin its bounds were included not only the present\\nState of Georgia, but also most of what now constitutes\\nthe States of Alabama and Mississippi.\\nThe object of the founders of Georgia was to estab-\\nlish a barrier against the hostile encroachments of the\\nSpaniards on the Province of South Carolina, and at the\\nsame time to provide a home for the poor of Great Britain,\\nand also to furnish a place of refuge for the Salzburgers,\\nand other persecuted sects on the Continent of Europe.\\nJames Edward Oglethorpe was selected by the trustees\\nto take charge of the affairs of the new colony, and in\\nNovember, 1732, he set sail from England with one hun-\\ndred and sixteen emigrants. In January, 1733, after a\\nvoyage of nearly two months, they arrived in the harbor\\nof Charleston, where they were received with the greatest\\nA* 9", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "lo GEORGIA.\\ngenerosity by the Carolinians and their governor, Robert\\nJohnson. The Carolinians furnished them with pro-\\nvisions and stock, and also with vessels to convey addi-\\ntional supplies to the Savannah River. They also sent\\nalong a company of soldiers to protect them against the\\nIndians until they could build houses and fortifications.\\nAfter leaving Charleston the new settlers went to Beau-\\nfort, in South Carolina. Here Oglethorpe left the party\\nand ascended the Savannah until he came to Yamacraw\\nBluff, which spot he selected for his settlement. On the\\nist of February the colonists arrived, and the first house\\nwas commenced on the 9th. Oglethorpe called the new\\ntown Savannah, from the name of the river on whose\\nbanks it was situated. Tomochichi, chief of the Yama-\\ncraws, a tribe of Indians who lived near by, immediately\\nsought an alliance with Oglethorpe, who made a treaty\\nwith him. Oglethorpe also made treaties with the Creeks,\\nthe Muscogees, and even with the Cherokees of the moun-\\ntains and the Choctaws on the borders of the Gulf of\\nMexico.\\nIn March, 1734, the colony was strengthened by the\\narrival of seventy-eight Salzburgers from Germany, who\\nhad been driven from their homes by the most terrible\\npersecutions (for in that day religious toleration was\\nalmost unknown). They settled in a portion of Georgia\\nnow known as Effingham County, at a place which they\\ncalled Ebenezer, or the Stone of Help, in gratitude to\\nGod for their final deliverance from all their enemies.\\nOglethorpe also established settlements in other por-\\ntions of Georgia. A company of Scotch Highlanders\\nwas located at Darien, a company of immigrants was\\nsettled at Frederica, on St. Simon s Island, arid trading-\\nposts were established at Augusta. In February, 1736,\\ntwo hundred and twenty-seven immigrants came over to", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH. II\\nGeorgia, among whom were the celebrated founders of\\nMethodism, John and Charles Wesley, who came to\\npreach the gospel to the Indians, and also to the settlers.\\nIn 1738 there came to Georgia another eminent minister,\\nafterwards celebrated in the great Methodist movement,\\nthe Rev. George Whitefield, who resided in the colony-\\nseveral years, and during his stay founded the Orphan\\nHouse at Bethesda, a few miles from Savannah.\\nThe Spaniards, who had established settlements in\\nFlorida in 15 12, nearly one hundred years before the\\nfirst permanent English settlement at Jamestown, in Vir-\\nginia, claimed the territory of Georgia as their own, and\\nregarded its colonization by the English as an intrusion\\nupon their rights. They, therefore, resolved to expel\\nthe English from Georgia. In 1737, Oglethorpe, antici-\\npating a war with Spain, went to England, where he\\nraised a regiment of six hundred men for the defence of\\nthe colony. He was now appointed commander-in-chief\\nof all the militia forces of Georgia and South Carolina.\\nOn the breaking out of the anticipated war in 1 739, Ogle-\\nthorpe invaded Florida, at that time a Spanish province,\\nat the head of two thousand men, consisting of his own\\nregiment and the rest Carolinians and friendly Indians.\\nThe expedition, however, was a failure, and in 1742 the\\nSpaniards invaded Georgia with a land and naval force\\nof three thousand men. In this emergency Oglethorpe\\nwas obliged to rely upon his own resources, for the Caro-\\nlinians, provoked at his former failure, would give him\\nno assistance. Accordingly he prepared to make the\\nbest possible defence with the forces at his command,\\nnumbering barely eight hundred men. No general en-\\ngagement occurred, however, though a force of three\\nhundred Spaniards was attacked on St. Simon s Island by\\na far inferior force of English troops and routed, with a", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "12\\nGEORGIA.\\nloss of two-thirds of their number. This affair is known\\nas the battle of the Bloody Marsh. The Spaniards, being\\ndiscouraged by this affair and deceived by the move-\\nments and stratagems of Oglethorpe, abandoned the in-\\nvasion as hopeless and returned to Florida. In 1743\\nGeneral Oglethorpe returned to England, and a civil\\ngovernment was substituted for the military government\\nwhich had previously prevailed.\\nIn 1747 the laws against the introduction of negroes\\ninto Georgia were repealed. In the latter part of the\\nsame year the colony was threatened with great danger.\\nA man named Bosomworth, who had been a chaplain in\\nOglethorpe s regiment, set up a claim in behalf of his\\nwife Mary (who was an Indian squaw, and claimed to be\\nqueen of the Creeks) to all of the islands and lands re-\\nserved by the Indians in their first treaty with Oglethorpe.\\nIn support of this claim Bosomworth and Mary marched\\nat the head of a large Indian force upon Savannah, and\\nthreatened to exterminate the colonists unless their de-\\nmands were complied with. The firmness of the authori-\\nties, however, saved the colony, and the Indians, after\\nbeing deprived of their leaders, were forced into submis-\\nsion. In 1752 the trustees, to whom the charter for the\\nestablishment of the colony of Georgia had been granted,\\nsurrendered their rights under it to the crown, and in 1754\\nCaptain John Reynolds, of the royal navy, was appointed\\nGovernor. The government of the colony was conferred\\non a legislature, in conjunction with the Governor and\\nhis council. The legislature consisted of delegates elected\\nby the people, but the Governor and his council were ap-\\npointed by the king. Under the royal government which\\nthus supplanted that of the trustees, Georgia began to\\nflourish and to increase rapidly in population and import-\\nance. During the French and Indian war, which broke", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH. 1 3\\nout in 1754 (though hostilities were not formally declared\\nuntil 1756), the upper portions of the colony suffered\\nconsiderably from the attacks of the Cherokees but these\\nIndians, after several defeats, sued for peace and obtained\\nit. In 1763 a treaty of peace was made between France\\nand Great Britain, by which the latter power obtained\\nall the French possessions in Nojth America east of the\\nMississippi River. Spain, which had joined France in the\\nwar against Great Britain and her colonies, ceded to the\\nBritish government, by the same treaty, her possessions of\\nEast and West Florida. At the same time the boundaries\\nof Georgia were extended to the Mississippi River on the\\nwest, and on the south to latitude 31\u00c2\u00b0 and the St. Mary s\\nRiver. The Governor of Georgia at this time was Sir\\nJames Wright, who had been appointed in the latter part\\nof 1760. Under his able and energetic administration\\nthe colony prospered greatly, and for several years nothing\\nof any marked interest interfered with its progress. Emi-\\ngrants flocked into the country, and four additional\\nparishes were laid off between the Altamaha and St.\\nMary s Rivers. In ten years from 1763 the exports of the\\nprovince increased from 27,000 to 121,600 pounds sterling.\\nAt the outbreak of the Revolution, in 1775, just forty-two\\nyears after the first settlement by Oglethorpe, the popula-\\ntion of the colony was not far from seventy thousand.\\nGeorgia shared with the other colonies in the indigna-\\ntion excited by the stamp-act of 1765, and in 1768 Dr.\\nFranklin, of Pennsylvania, was recognized as the agent of\\nGeorgia in England. In February, 1770, the legislature\\nissued a declaration of rights. Every influence that could\\nbe brought to bear was used to induce the people of\\nGeorgia to remain true to their allegiance to Great\\nBritain. Many of the most wealthy inhabitants foresaw\\nthat their adherence to the cause of the other colonies", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "14\\nGEORGIA.\\nwould inevitably result in their pecuniary ruin, and many\\nof the poorer classes, who had little or nothing to risk,\\nperceived plainly their advantage in adhering to the royal\\ngovernment. On the northwest were the Cherokee In-\\ndians, on the west the Creeks, on the south a refugee ban-\\nditti in Florida, and on the east was Governor Wright,\\nbacked by the king s ships and soldiers. But notwith-\\nstanding the inauspicious outlook for the friends of\\nfreedom, the vast majority of the people were favorable\\nto the cause of the colonies. Yet, from the dangers which\\nsurrounded them on every side, they were obliged to take\\ntheir measures with the utmost caution.\\nOn the night of the nth of May, 1775, a quantity of\\npowder stored in the magazine at Savannah was seized by\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0the patriots, and in July a British vessel, which had\\narrived at Tybee with thirteen thousand pounds of powder\\nfor the use of the British troops, was seized by thirty\\nvolunteers, under the lead of Commodore Brown and\\nColonel Joseph Habersham. The powder was carried to\\nSavannah and secured in the magazine. Five thousand\\npounds of it were sent to the Continental army at Boston.\\nOn the 28th of January, 1776, Sir James Wright, the\\nroyal Governor, was made a prisoner, but on the nth of\\nFebruary he succeeded in making his escape to a British\\nman-of-war lying in the mouth of the Savannah River.\\nIn February, Archibald Bullock, John Houstoun, Lyman\\nHall, Button Gwinnett, and George Walton were elected\\nto represent the province in Congress, of whom the last\\nthree signed in behalf of Georgia the memorable Declara-\\ntion of Independence of July 4, 1776, the first two having\\nbeen prevented, by important business of the State, from\\ntaking their seats in Congress.\\nDuring the first two years of the war for independence\\nGeorgia escaped any serious invasion. In November,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH.\\nIS\\n1778, Sir Henry Clinton sent two thousand men, under\\nLieutenant-Colonel Campbell, and a fleet under Admiral\\nHyde Parker, against Savannah. On the 29th of Decem-\\nber the British occupied Savannah, after defeating the\\nAmericans. Colonel Campbell soon after marched to the\\nnorthward, and occupied Augusta on the ist of February,\\n1779. On the i4t?i of the same month Colonel Boyd,\\nwho, at the head of a large body of Tories, was on his way\\nto unite with the main British army, was attacked by\\nColonels Pickens and Clarke, at the head of some Caro-\\nlina and Georgia militia, and totally defeated. Boyd him-\\nself was mortally wounded, and died on the battle-field. In\\nconsequence of this battle Colonel Campbell was ordered\\nby General Prevost, the commander of the British forces\\nin Georgia, to abandon Augusta, which he did, continuing\\nhis retreat to Hudson s Ferry, fift^ miles above Savannah.\\nEncouraged by these successes, General Lincoln sent\\nGeneral Ashe to take position at Brier Creek, with about\\ntwo thousand men under his direct command, and two\\nthousand more within supporting distance. On the 3d\\nof March General Ashe was surprised and utterly defeated\\nby General Prevost, and thus the plans of General Lincoln\\nfor the recovery of Georgia were completely thwarted.\\nSeptember of the same year General Lincoln was\\njoined by a French land and naval force under Count\\nD Estaing. The combined armies now laid siege to\\nSavannah, and on the 9th of October made an assault, in\\nwhich tlfcy were repulsed with the loss of nearly one\\nthousand men. After this repulse the siege was aban-\\ndoned, the French fleet sailing to the West Indies, and\\nGeneral Lincoln retiring to Charleston, in South Carolina.\\nWhile the allied armies were before Savannah, Colonel\\nJohn White, of the Georgia line, by a skilful stratagem,\\ncaptured five British vessels, one hundred and thirtv", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "1 6 GEORGIA.\\nStands of arms, and one hundred and eleven British\\nsoldiers.\\nIn April, 1780, Sir Henry Clinton captured Charleston,\\nSouth Carolina, and with it the American army of nearly\\nfive thousand men, commanded by General Lincoln.\\nLarge bodies of British troops were now sent out, which\\noccupied Camden and Ninety-Six in South Carolina and\\nAugusta in Georgia. It now seemed as though both\\nSouth Carolina and Georgia were completely subjugated\\nbut the people were soon roused to resistance, and rally-\\ning to the standards of such men as Sumter, Marion, and\\nPickens, in South Carolina, and Clarke, Dooley, Jones,\\nand Few, of Georgia, they waged an active partisan\\nwarfare, never relaxing their efforts until the final great\\ntriumph of the American arms. In July the struggling\\npatriots were encouraged by the news that Gates, the\\nvictor of Saratoga, was advancing with an army to their\\nassistance; but their hopes were destined to bitter disap-\\npointment, and the almost utter annihilation of the army\\nof relief at Camden brought them once more to the verge\\nof ruin. In the midst of disasters, gathering thick on\\nevery side. Colonel Elijah Clarke was bold enough to\\nattempt the capture of Augusta, in which he came very\\nnear success, but was obliged to retreat on the approach\\nof a large British force. The defeat of the British, at\\nKing s Mountain, on the borders of North and South\\nCarolina, and the advance of General Greene into South\\nCarolina, in 1781, enabled the partisan bands of the\\nGeorgia leaders to assume once more the offensive. After\\nGreene had cleared the upper portions of South Carolina\\nof the enemy he sent Colonel Lee to assist Pickens and\\nClarke, who had already commenced a siege of Augusta.\\nOn the 5th of June, 1781, the British garrison at Augusta\\nsurrendered, and in September, by the important battle", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH.\\n17\\nof Eutaw Springs, Greene rescued Carolina and Georgia\\nfrom the grasp of the invader. On the 19th of October\\nthe surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia, com-\\npletely broke the British power in America, and secured\\nthe independence of the colonies.\\nYorktown was the last great battle of the war. Hence-\\nforth there were no important movements of the armies,\\nbut there did occur several skirmishes between detach-\\nments of British and Americans. After the surrender of\\nCornwallis, Washington sent General St. Clair, with the\\nbrigades of Gist and Wayne, to the support of General\\nGreene in South Carolina. General Wayne was immedi-\\nately ordered to Georgia, which State he entered early in\\nJanuary, 1782. He immediately determined to keep the\\nBritish within their lines at Savannah. The activity of\\nWayne s dragoons and of the Georgia Legion, com-\\nmanded by Colonel James Jackson, drove the enemy\\nwithin their lines, but not until after they had destroyed\\nall the provisions within the neighborhood of Savannah\\nwhich they were unable to carry with them into the city.\\nThe British commandant of Savannah, Brigadier-General\\nClarke, sent expresses to the Creek and Cherokee Indians\\nurging them to come to his assistance but the defeats in-\\nflicted on them by General Pickens and by Colonels Lee\\nand Elijah Clarke had in a great measure discouraged\\nthem, and caused the greater part of them to remain neu-\\ntral. On the night of the 23d of June, however, three\\nhundred Creek Indians, under the lead of a chief named\\nGuristersigo, surprised the camp of Wayne, but were\\nrouted after a short and spirited conflict, leaving their\\nchief and seventeen warriors dead on the field. One\\nhundred and seventeen pack-horses loaded with booty\\nalso fell into the hands of the Americans. The loss of\\nthe Americans in this affair was four killed and twelve\\n2*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "1 8 GEORGIA.\\nwounded. This was the last fight that occurred in\\nGeorgia during the American Revolution. Soon after\\nthis the British general in Savannah opened negotiations\\nwith General Wayne, looking to the protection of the\\npersons and property of such loyalists as might wish to\\nremain in the city after its evacuation by the British\\ntroops. Major Habersham, of the Georgia line, was em-\\nployed by General Wayne in the conduct of these nego-\\ntiations. On the nth of July, 1782, Savannah was evac-\\nuated by the enemy. On this occasion Colonel James\\nJackson, of the Georgia Legion, who had been selected by\\nGeneral Wayne to receive the formal surrender of the\\ntown, was met at the principal gate by a committee of\\nBritish officers, from whose hands he received the keys\\nof the city.\\nOn the 30th of November, 1782, a provisional treaty\\nof peace was signed at Paris, in France, between five com-\\nmissioners on the part of Great Britain and four on the\\npart of the United States. The final treaty was signed at\\nthe same place, September 3, 1 783. The first article of\\nthe treaty was in these words His Britannic Majesty\\nacknowledges the said United States, viz.. New Hamp-\\nshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence\\nPlantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Penn-.\\nsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina,\\nSouth Carolina, and Georgia, to be free, sovereign, and\\nindependent States. At the same time England made\\npeace with France, Spain, and Holland, ceding to Spain\\nher possessions in East and West Florida.\\nDuring the war of the Revolution the bond of Union\\nbetween the States was the Articles of Confederation,\\nwhich had been proposed by Congress eight days after\\nthe Declaration of Independence, and adopted by most\\nof the States as early as 1777, though Maryland did not", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH. lO\\naccede to them until near the close of the war, in 1781.\\nSoon after the close of the Revolution it became evident\\nthat if the Union was to be permanent there must be a\\nstronger bond of union than the Articles of Confederation.\\nDuring the war the struggle for independence was in\\nitself sufficient to bind the States together, but after the\\nwar it became necessary to define more clearly the powers\\nof the States and of the general government. On the\\n14th of May, 1787, a convention of delegates from all\\nthe States, except Rhode Island, met in Philadelphia,\\nand after mature deliberation formed the Constitution of\\nthe United States, and recommended it to the several\\nStates for their adoption.\\nOn the 2d of January, 1788, the Constitution was\\nadopted in behalf of Georgia by a convention of delegates\\nfrom the different counties of the State, assembled in the\\ntown of Augusta, at that time the capital. The following\\nis a list of the delegates of the ratifying convention, in\\nthe order in which -their names were signed\\nJohn Wereat, President, and delegate from the county\\nof Richmond.\\nWilliam Stephens, Joseph Habersham, Chatham\\nCounty.\\nJenkin Davis, N. Brownson, Effingham County.\\nEdward Telfair, H. Todd, Burke County.\\nWilliam Few, James McNeil, Richmond County.\\nGeorge Matthews, Florence Sullivan, John King,\\nWilkes County.\\nJames Powell, John Elliott, James Maxwell, Liberty\\nCounty.\\nGeorge Handley, Christopher Hillary, J. Milton,\\nGlynn County.\\nHenry Osborne, James Seagrove, Jacob Weed, Cam-\\nden County.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "20 GEORGIA.\\nJared Irwin, John Rutherford, Washington County.\\nRobert Christmas, Thomas Daniell, R. Middleton,\\nGreene County.\\nNo sooner had t;he government of the United States\\nunder the new Constitution been established than Georgia,\\nin common with the other States, began to increase rap-\\nidly in wealth and population. It is beyond the scope\\nof this brief sketch to go into a full account of the various\\ndifficulties and negotiations with the Creek and Cherokee\\nIndians from the establishment of independence to the\\ntime of the final removal of the Indian tribes to the\\nterritory allotted them beyond the Mississippi. Suffice\\nit to say that, notwithstanding all her troubles with the\\nIndians, Georgia s growth in population, wealth, and\\npower, was rapid.\\nBetween the years 1791 and 1795 most of the public\\nlands possessed by the different States had been disposed\\nof and had become individual property. Land specula-\\ntors now turned their attention to Georgia. In 1794 and\\n1795 the legislature passed an act known as the Yazoo\\nLand Act, conveying to four associations thirty-five\\nmillion acres of land for five hundred thousand dollars,\\nlying between the Mississippi, Tennessee, Coosa, Alabama,\\nand Mobile Rivers. The sale of this land produced\\ngreat excitement throughout Georgia, for it was known\\nthat all in the State legislature who voted for the bill,\\nwith one or two exceptions, were directly or indirectly\\nbribed.\\nGeneral James Jackson, of Georgia, then United States\\nSenator, used every effort to prevent its ratification by\\nCongress but all his efforts failed, and the bill ratifying\\nthe sale of these lands passed both houses of Congress,\\nthe House of Representatives by a majority of J:en, and\\nthe Senate by a majority of two. In 1795 Senator", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH. 21\\nJackson resigned his seat, and, returning home, was\\nelected to the legislature, by whom he was appointed a\\nmember of the committee to investigate the conduct of\\nthe previous, legislature. The whole corruption was ex-\\nposed the Yazoo Land Act was repealed and it was\\nresolved by the legislature to express their abhorrence\\nof it by committing the records of the act to the flames.\\nAccordingly, they were burned in the presence of the\\ntwo houses of the legislature. An act was also passed\\nordering the purchase-money for the Yazoo lands to be\\nrestored to those from whom it came, or to whom it might\\nbelong. This solemn repudiation of the sale, however,\\nby no means tended to settle the question, and nearly\\ntwenty years elapsed before the matter was brought to a\\nfinal settlement. In 1803 Georgia ceded to the control\\nof the general government all her lands west of the\\nChattahoochee, embracing nearly one hundred thousand\\nsquare miles of territory, out of which the States of\\nAlabama and Mississippi were afterwards formed.\\nSoon after Thomas Jefferson s inauguration as Presi-\\ndent, in 1 80 1, the new administration began to turn its\\nattention to efforts to secure from Spain the free naviga-\\ntion of the Mississippi River. The President was informed,\\nhowever, that Spain had, by a secret treaty in 1800, ceded\\nLouisiana to France. Mr. Jefferson accordingly deter-\\nmined to treat upon the subject with Napoleon Bonaparte,\\nthen first consul of France.\\nOn the 30th of April, 1803, a treaty was made by\\nwhich France ceded to the United States, for the sum of\\nfifteen million dollars, the territory of Louisiana, at that\\ntime embracing all the vast extent of country between the\\nMississippi River and the Rocky Mountains. The acqui-\\nsition of this territory by the United States was of great\\nbenefit to Georgia, for during the Spanish occupation of", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "22 GEORGIA.\\nLouisiana the Indians on the western border of Georgia\\nwere often incited to hostile acts by Spanish agents. No\\nlonger suffering to any extent from the incursions of the\\nIndians, new counties were laid off and towns and villages\\nsprang up in the wilderness. In 1807 the new town of\\nMilledgeville became the seat of government.\\nIn 181 2 war broke out between the United States and\\nGreat Britain. The war was of short duration, and\\nGeorgia escaped invasion, though on her western border\\nthe Indians were aroused to deeds of hostility by the in-\\nfluence of the Northwestern Indians, who had themselves\\nbeen incited by British agents. On the 30th of August,\\n1813, the Creek Indians surprised Fort Mims, on the\\nChattahoochee River, and massacred nearly three hun-\\ndred men, women, and children. The militia of Georgia\\nand Tennessee were called out to oppose the Indians,\\nthe Georgia troops being commanded by General John\\nFloyd, those of Tennessee by General Coffee, the whole\\nforce being under the direction of Major-General Andrew\\nJackson, of Tennessee. The brigade of Floyd defeated\\nthe Indians at Autossee and Callebee, and General Coffee\\ngained a victory over them at Tallashatchee. Finally the\\nIndians were completely crushed by the three great vic-\\ntories gained over them by the Americans, under General\\nJackson, at Talladega, Emuckfau, and Tohopeka, or the\\nHorseshoe Bend, in Alabama. After these defeats the\\nsavages sued for peace and obtained it. On the 24th of\\nDecember, 181 4, a treaty of peace between the United\\nStates and Great Britain was signed at Ghent, in Bel-\\ngium. Before the news reached America General An-\\ndrew Jackson won the brilliant victory of New Orleans.\\nAfter the close of this war nothing occurred to interrupt\\nthe prosperity of Georgia for several years. In February,\\n1 82 1, Florida passed out of the hands of Spain, the an-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH. 23\\ncient enemy of Georgia, being at that time ceded by-\\ntreaty to the United States.\\nSoon after the accession of John Quincy Adams to the\\npresidency, which occurred in 1825, there arose a con-\\ntroversy between the State of Georgia and the Federal\\ngovernment, which produced considerable excitement\\nthroughout the Union. On the 12th of February, 1825,\\nDuncan G. Campbell and James Meriwether, United\\nStates commissioners, made a treaty with the principal\\nCreek chiefs, by which the Indian title to a large extent\\nof territory within the limits of Georgia was extinguished.\\nThis treaty was in accordance with the agreement be-\\ntween the Federal government and Georgia in 1803,\\nwhen Georgia ceded to the general government her lands\\nwest of the Chattahoochee, and had been ratified by the\\nUnited States Senate just before the close of Monroe s\\nadministration. A few factious chiefs of the tribe, insti-\\ngated by certain white men, opposed the treaty, and as-\\nsassinated Mackintosh, the principal chief, who had signed\\nit. They then called upon the Federal government to\\nrepudiate the treaty. With this request the government\\ncomplied, and made a new treaty with the Indians on the\\n24th of January, 1826, Meanwhile, George M. Troup,\\nGovernor of Georgia, proceeded to take possession of the\\nlands under the first or old treaty. The President ordered\\nthe arrest of the commissioners of Governor Troup, who\\nwere already engaged in a survey of the lands thus claimed\\nby Georgia. Governor Troup retaliated by ordering the\\narrest of any parties that might interfere with the com-\\nmissioners, and declared that, if the Georgians could ob-\\ntain their rights in no other way, they would repel force\\nby force. This bold opposition had its effect. The sur-\\nveyors were not interrupted, and the entire domain cov-\\nvered by the old treaty was organized and disposed of", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "24\\nGEORGIA.\\nby lottery in 1827. In this controversy the authorities of\\nGeorgia were clearly in the right, and in all probability\\nthe President would not have been sustained by Congress\\nhad he persisted in his course.\\nOn the 31st of May, 1830, an act was passed by Con-\\ngress, which received the approval of President Jackson,\\nproviding for the removal of the Indian tribes that lived\\neast of the Mississippi River to a portion of country lying\\nwest of that river. Under this act the Cherokee Indians,\\nwho occupied some of the finest lands in northern\\nGeorgia, were removed to the Indian Territory, where\\nnew homes were assigned them. The Seminole Indians\\nof Florida refused to leave their homes, and in 1835 began\\na war which lasted until 1842, when they were brought to\\nterms by the capture of their chief, Osceola, and their\\ncrushing defeat by General Zachary Taylor at the head\\nof Lake Okeechobee. The Georgia volunteers bore a\\nprominent part in this harassing war, where the miasma\\nof the Everglades was more destructive to life than the\\nweapons of the Seminoles.\\nIn the Mexican war, which broke out May 8, 1846, and\\nended May 30, 1848, the sons of Georgia were among\\nthe foremost in responding to the call of their country,\\nand were distinguished for the fidelity with which they\\nperformed the various duties assigned to them. Some\\nof the most distinguished of the officers in the regular\\narmy of the United States during that war were from\\nGeorgia.\\nIn the lamentable war which arose between the North-\\nern and Southern States of the Union in 1861, Georgia\\ntook a very prominent part. An Ordinance of Secession\\nwas adopted on the 19th of January, 1861, by a conven-\\ntion of delegates, representing every part of the State,\\nwhich met in the capitol at Milledgeville. During the", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH.\\n25\\ncourse of the war which followed Georgia furnished not\\nless than eighty thousand soldiers to the Confederate\\narmies, and her sons were distinguished for their intrepid\\nvalor on every battle-field from Pennsylvania to Florida,\\nand from Kentucky to the Gulf of Mexico. Georgia\\nescaped invasion until the spring of 1864. Then for\\nmonths her northern counties were the scene of a mighty\\nstruggle between the Federal army of the West, under\\nGeneral Sherman, and the Confederate army, at first\\nunder General Joseph E. Johnston and afterwards under\\nGeneral John B. Hood. In the fall of 1864, when Gen-\\neral Hood set out with his army on his ill-starred expedi-\\ntion into Tennessee, Georgia was left defenceless, her\\nsoldiers being (with the exception of a small militia force)\\nall away from her borders in the armies of Tennessee\\nand Virginia. The way was thus open for Sherman, and\\nhe marched unopposed from Atlanta to Savannah, leaving\\ndesolation and ruin in the track of his armies. The war\\nvirtually closed on the 26th of April, 1865, when the\\narticles of capitulation were signed at Durham s Station,\\nin North Carolina, by Generals Sherman and Johnston.\\nThere is no need to go into a detailed account here of\\nthe dark days of reconstruction. Suffice it to say that\\nGeorgia came forth from the fiery ordeal. with her honor\\nuntarnished and her courage unabated, and after a des-\\nperate struggle vj ith adverse fate is once more on the road\\nto prosperity, wealth, and power.\\nThe decennial increase of Georgia in population from\\n1790 to 1870, as exhibited by the United States census,\\nis shown by the following table\\n179\\n1800\\n1810\\n1820\\n1830\\n1840\\n1850\\ni860\\n82,548\\n162,686\\n252,433\\n340,985\\n516,823\\n691,392\\n906,185\\n1,057,286\\n1,184,109", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "26 GEORGIA,\\nThe increase from i860 to 1870, though far below the\\npercentage of other years, is very satisfactory, when we\\nconsider that during the greater part of that time the\\nprosperity of the State was checked by the four years of\\nwar, and the still darker days of reconstruction which\\nfollowed.\\nThe wealth of Georgia in i860 was $672,322,777. Of\\ncourse a large part of this wealth consisted in slaves. In\\n1868, four years after the close of the war, the aggregate\\nwealth of the State was $191,235,520. In 1870 it was\\n$268,169,000. During the seven years ending with 1875,\\nthe wealth of Georgia has increased fifty-two per cent.,\\nwhile that of Ohio increased during the same time only\\nthirty-nine per cent. While Georgia is poor compared\\nwith States not injured by the war, she has taken the lead\\nof those that did suffer serious loss, and is contesting\\nclosely the ratio of progress with those of the North which\\nnot only did not suffer, but even prospered during all the\\nyears of strife and gloom.\\nThe Governors of Georgia, from its first settlement, in\\n1733, to the present time, are as follows:\\nJames Edward Oglethorpe, the civil and military\\nGovernor under the Trustees, from July 15, 1732 (eight\\nmonths before the actual settlement), to June 9, 1752,\\nwhen the Trustees resigned their charter.\\nWilliam Stephens, President of the Couiicil and Acting-\\nGovernor in the absence of General Oglethorpe from July\\nII, 1743, to April 8, 1751.\\nHenry Parker, President of Council and Acting-\\nGovernor from April 8, 1751, to October i, 1754.\\nJohn Reynolds, Governor under the crown of Great\\nBritain from October i, 1754, to February 15, 1757.\\nHenry Ellis, Governor from February 16, 1757, to\\nOctober 31, 1760.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "HIS TO RICA L SKE TCH.\\n27\\nJames Wright, Governor from October 31, 1760, to\\nJuly II, 1782.\\nJames Habersham, President of Council and Acting-\\nGovernor from July 2, 1771, to February 11, 1773.\\nWilliam Evven, President of Council of Safety under\\nthe American government from June 22, 1775, to Janu-\\nary 20, 1776.\\nArchibald Bullock, President of the Provincial Council\\nand Commander-in-Chief from January 20, 1776, to\\nFebruary 22, 1777.\\nButton Gwinnett, President of Council and Com-\\nmander-in-Chief from February 22, 1777, to May 8, 1777.\\nJohn Adam Treutlen, Governor under the new Con-\\nstitution of Georgia from May 8, 1777, to January 8,\\n1778.\\nJohn Houston, Governor from January 8, 1778, to\\nDecember 29, 1778.\\nJohn Wereat, President of the Executive Council and\\nActing-Governor from December 29, 1778, to November\\n4, 1779-\\nGeorge Walton, Governor from November 4, 1779, to\\nJanuary 7, 1780.\\nRichard Howley, Governor from January 7, 1780, to\\nJanuary 7, 1781.\\nStephen Heard, President of the Executive Council and\\nActing-Governor from January, 1781, to August 15, 1781.\\nNathan Brownson, Governor from August 16, 1781, to\\nJanuary 8, 1782.\\nJohn Martin, Governor from January 8, 1782, to\\nJanuary 9, 1783.\\nLyman Hall, Governor from January 9, 1783, to\\nJanuary 9, 1784.\\nJohn Houston, Governor from January 9, 1784, to\\nJanuary 14, 1785.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "28 GEORGIA,\\nSamuel Elbert, Governor from January 14, 1785, to\\nJanuary 9, 1786.\\nEdward Telfair, Governor from January 9, 1786, to\\nJanuary 9, 1787.\\nGeorge Matthews, Governor from January 9, 1787, to\\nJanuary 25, 1788.\\nGeorge Handley, Governor from January 25, 1788, to\\nJanuary 9, 1789.\\nGeorge Walton, Governor from January 9, 1789, to\\nNovember 9, 1790.\\nEdward Telfair, Governor from November 9, 1790, to\\nNovember 7, 1793.\\nGeorge Matthews, Governor from November 7, 1793,\\nto January 15, 1796.\\nJared Irwin, Governor from January 17, 1796, to Janu-\\nary II, 1798.\\nJames Jackson, Governor from January 12, 1798, to\\nMarch 3, 1801.\\nDavid Emanuel, President of the Senate and Acting-\\nGovernor from March 3, 1801, to November 7, 1801.\\nJosiah Tatnall, Governor from November 7, 1 801, to\\nNovember 4, 1802.\\nJohn Mi Hedge, Governor from November 4, 1802, to\\nSeptember 23, 1806.\\nJared Irwin, President of the Senate and Acting-\\nGovernor from September 23, 1806, to November 7,\\n1806.\\nJared Irwin, Governor from November 7, 1806, to\\nNovember 9, 1809.\\nDavid B. Mitchell, Governor from November 9, 1809,\\nto November 9, 181 3.\\nPeter Early, Governor from November 9, 181 3, to\\nNovember 9, 1815.\\nDavid B. Mitchell, Governor from November 9, 1815,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "HISTORICAL SKETCH. 29\\nto March 4, 181 7, when he resigned, and William Rabun,\\nPresident of the Senate, acted as Governor until Novem-\\nber, 1817.\\nWilliam Rabun, Governor from November, 181 7, to\\nOctober 25, 181 9, when he died, and was succeeded by\\nMatthew Talbot, President of the Senate, who acted as\\nGovernor until November 13, 1819.\\nJohn Clark, Governor from November, 1819, to No-\\nvember, 1823.\\nGeorge M. Troup, Governor from November, 1823, to\\nNovember, 1827.\\nJohn Forsyth, Governor from November, 1827, to\\nNovember, 1829.\\nGeorge R. Gilmer, Governor from November, 1829,\\nto November, 1831.\\nWilson Lumpkin, Governor from November, 1831, to\\nNovember, 1835.\\nWilliam Schley, Governor from November, 1835, to\\nNovember, 1837.\\nGeorge R. Gilmer, Governor from November, 1837,\\nto November, 1839.\\nCharles J. McDonald, Governor from November, 1839,\\nto November, 1843.\\nGeorge W. Crawford, Governor from November, 1843,\\nto November, 1847.\\nGeorge W. Towns, Governor from November, 1847,\\nto November, 1851.\\nHowell Cobb, Governor from November, 1851, to\\nNovember, 1853.\\nHerschel V. Johnson, Governor from November, 1853,\\nto November, 1857.\\nJoseph E. Brown, Governor from November, 1857, to\\nJuly, 1865.\\nJames Johnson, Provisional Governor (appointed by\\n3*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "30 GEORGIA.\\nPresident Andrew Johnson) from July, 1865, to Decem-\\nber, 1865, serving until an election could be held by the\\npeople.\\nCharles J. Jenkins, Governor from December, 1865, to\\nJanuary, 1868, when he was deposed by General Meade,\\nacting under the reconstruction measures of Congress,\\nand Brigadier-General Thomas H. Ruger, of the United\\nStates army, was appointed to act as military Governor\\nuntil July, 1868, at which time Rufus B. Bullock, elected\\nunder the reconstruction measures, became Governor.\\nWhen Governor Jenkins was deposed, he took with him\\nthe Great Seal of Georgia, and refused to give it up until\\na Governor should be elected by the free and untram-\\nmelled voice of the people.\\nOn the 30th of October, 1871, Rufus B. Bullock left\\nthe State, at the same time resigning the executive office.\\nBenjamin Conley, President of the Senate, then became\\nGovernor, and acted as such until January 12, 1872, at\\nwhich time was inaugurated James M. Smith, who had\\nbeen chosen at a special election held December 19, 1871,\\nto fill out Governor Bullock s unexpired term. At the\\nelection for Governor, held in October, 1872, James M.\\nSmith was re-elected by more than 60,000 majority, which\\noffice he held until January, 1877.\\nWhen James M. Smith became Governor, ex-Governor\\nJenkins turned over to him, as the first rightful Governor\\nsince January, 1868, the Great Seal of the State. Ex-\\nGovernor Jenkins on that occasion received the thanks\\nof the Legislature, and a handsome medal was voted to\\nhim for his fidelity to the interests and honor of Georgia.\\nAt the election held in October, 1876, General Alfred\\nH. Colquitt, the present incumbent, was elected Gover-\\nnor of Georgia by a majority of more than 80,000. He\\nwas inaugurated January, 1877.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER 11.\\nAtlanta and Northwest Georgia The Western and Atlantic Road, or\\nthe Kenesaw Route Places of Historic Interest Battles of Atlanta,\\nKenesaw Mountain, Resaca, Ringgold, AUatoona, Rome, and Chick-\\namauga.\\nPASSENGER DEPOT AND ENVIRONS, ATLANTA.\\nNo part of Georgia has, of late years, increased more\\nrapidly in wealth and population than the northern sec-\\ntion of the State. To this part of Georgia belongs At-\\nlanta, the capital, a city remarkable for its rapid growth\\nas well as for the enterprise and public spirit of its people.\\nIn 1837 the southeastern terminus of the Western and At-\\nlantic Railroad was established near the location of the\\n31", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "32 GEORGIA.\\npresent General Passenger Depot. It was selected as\\nbeing the most eligible point for the running of branch\\nroads to Athens, Madison, Milledgeville, Forsyth, and\\nColumbus. For many years the site thus chosen was\\nknown as Terminus. In 1842 there were not more than\\na half-dozen dwellings. In 1843 population had in-\\ncreased somewhat, and the village was incorporated with\\nthe name of Marthasville, in compliment to the daughter\\nof Ex-Governor Lumpkin, who had been distinguished by\\nhis deep interest in the development of railroad enterprise\\nin Georgia. In 1846 Atlanta, derived from the word At-\\nlantic, was suggested as an appropriate name for the em-\\nbryo city by J. Edgar Thomson, chief-engineer of the\\nGeorgia Railroad, in a letter to Mr. Richard Peters, also\\nan engineer of the road. On the 29th of December, 1847,\\nthe Georgia Legislature passed an act incorporating as the\\nCity of Atlanta the town, which was beginning to give\\nevidence of rapid growth. The population at this time\\nnumbered about five hundred. By the year 1854 Atlanta\\nhad a population of six thousand, and by the census of\\ni860 the city contained ten thousand inhabitants. In\\n1864 its population was about fourteen thousand. In the\\nfall of 1864 Atlanta was almost totally destroyed by Gen-\\neral Sherman yet ere the close of the war, in the spring\\nof 1865, the old citizens began to return and to rebuild\\ntheir ruined homes, and Atlanta arose phoenix-like from\\nher ashes, and, with renewed youth and vigor, started for-\\nward on the road to prosperity and wealth. The United\\nStates census of 1870 showed a population of twenty-two\\nthousand, and a census taken by the city authorities in\\n1876 showed the number of inhabitants to be in round\\nnumbers thirty-five thousand. Far the greater part of\\ncapital invested in Atlanta is Southern, and the wonderful\\nrecuperation is due, in the main, to native Southerners,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "34\\nGEORGIA.\\nwho have made this city their home, although some of\\nthe leading merchants and business men are from the\\nCORNER OF PEACHTREE AND LINE STREETS, ATLANTA.\\nNorthern States. To the eye of the visitor Atlanta pre-\\nsents the appearance of a young, fresh, and vigorous city.\\nSome of the buildings are of grand proportions, and will\\ncompare favorably with those of any city in the Union.\\nThe city is well supplied with good hotels, of which the\\nlargest are the Kimball House and the Markham House,\\nboth in close proximity to the Union Depot, from whence\\ndepart all the passenger trains of the different railroads\\ncentring in the city. There are a great many very hand-\\nsome residences in Atlanta, and many of them have beau-\\ntifully-terraced lawns in front. Atlanta is well supplied\\nwith elegant churches, representing all religious denomi-\\nnations. The school system is excellent, ranging from\\nI)rimary to high school, and is regarded with great pride", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "ATLANTA AND NORTHWEST GEORGIA.\\n35\\nigplil!iiiai!lj|iiyi!iiiii|^\\ni i ii\\n\u00c2\u00abife^..,^ f\\nill\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0iillillillilliliifillB^^^^^^^^^^", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "36\\nGEORGIA.\\nby the citizens. Atlanta has an admirable system of street\\nrailroads, traversing the city in every direction. Manu-\\nMARKHAM HOUSE.\\nfacturing establishments are numerous, and include found-\\nries, machine-shops, agricultural- and terra cotta-works,\\nice factories, tobacco- factories, two paper-mills, candy-\\nand cracker-factories, a rolling-mill, and a cotton-factory.\\nThe Atlanta Rolling-Mill employs about three hundred\\nhands. The annual sales of its products exceed a half-\\nmillion dollars. One of the largest cotton-factories in\\nthe South has recently been built, with ten thousand spin-\\ndles and all necessary machinery. The factory is run by\\nsteam. There is a shoal on the Chattahoochee, within a\\nfew miles of the city, where it is contemplated to build a\\ndam and construct a canal, which the citizens claim will\\ngive Atlanta a water-power almost, if not fully, equal to\\nthat of Augusta or Columbus. Atlanta claims, however,", "height": "3347", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "ATLANTA AND NORTHWEST GEORGIA. 37", "height": "3347", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "38\\nGEORGIA.\\nto be independent of water-power, on account of its ex-\\nhaustless coal supply, brought from two Georgia mines,-\\nthe Dade and Castle Rock, which belong to Georgia com-\\npanies, who have displayed great liberality in sale of coal\\nand in contributions to manufacturing enterprises, having\\nsubscribed five thousand dollars to the Atlanta Cotton-\\nSTATE CAPITOL AT ATLANTA.\\nFactory alone. The officers of these companies are gen-\\ntlemen, all of whose interests are centred in Atlanta, and", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "ATLANTA AND NORTHWEST GEORGIA. 39\\nwho, of course, will do all that they can to promote the\\ninterests of that city. It is estimated that the manufac-\\ntured products of Atlanta amount annually to five million\\ndollars, and give employment to several thousand hands.\\nDuring the year 1877 Atlanta received ninety thousand\\nbales of cotton, and the receipts for 1878 will go beyond\\nthat figure.\\nA stranger visiting Atlanta would do well to go to the\\nGeological Bureau in the capitol and view the specimens\\nhere collected of minerals, metals, and building stones\\nfrom all sections of Georgia.\\nThe remark has often been made by visitors from all\\nsections of the Union and by foreigners that more can be\\nlearned here of what is in Georgia, in one day, than by\\nweeks of travel, and that this is the only State capitol,\\nexcept that of New York, in which they have been able\\nto obtain all the information which they desire. Mr, F.\\nW, Werlitz, the agent of a delegation of Germans look-\\ning for lands to which inmiigrants may come, has made a\\nclose examination of the soils, minerals, and maps of the\\ncollection. Copies of the maps have been solicited by\\niron men, and forwarded to the Iron and Steel Association\\nof England, the Geographical Society of Berlin, and other\\nlike corporations. The headquarters of the State Agri-\\ncultural Department are also in Atlanta. This depart-\\nment, though only established within the last few years,\\nhas already been of great service to the State. The Com-\\nmissioner of Agriculture is Dr. Thomas P. Janes, to whose\\nwork, the Hand-Book of Georgia, I am indebted for\\nimportant information.\\nDuring the summer of 1864, in the vicinity of Atlanta,\\nwere fought some of the most desperate battles of the\\nwar between the States. On the 20th of July, General\\nHood attacked the Federals on Peach -Tree Creek, and at", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "40\\nGEORGIA.\\nfirst drove them back and seemed on the point of break-\\ning their lines, but at length was forced to give up the as-\\nsault, having suffered great loss. Two days later General\\nVIEW ON PRYOR STREET, ATLANTA, DURING A FLAG\\nPRESENTATION.\\nHood, leaving a force at Atlanta, marched with his main\\narmy around to Decatur, and fell upon the P ederal left\\nand rear, driving them from their works and capturing\\ntwenty-two cannon, eighteen stands of colors, and fifteen\\nhundred prisoners but General Sherman, bringing for-\\nward fresh troops, checked the victorious onset of the\\nConfederates, recovering nine of his captured guns and\\nmaking some captures of prisoners himself. Both sides\\nclaimed the victory in that day s bloody work the Fed-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "ATLANTA AND NORTHWEST GEORGIA.\\n41\\nerals, because they had at last succeeded in checking the\\nConfederate advance, and the Confederates, because they\\nhad driven the Federals from some of their works and had\\ncarried off as trophies thirteen cannon and eighteen stand-\\nards, and for the additional reason that Sherman made no\\nmore attempts to flank Atlanta on the east, and waited\\nseveral days before he began to try on the other side of\\nthe city. From the 28th of July, when the fighting was\\nrenewed, until the ist of September, there were constant\\nstruggles between portions of the two armies, in some of\\nwhich the Confederates were successful, and in others, the\\nFederals. On the 2d of September, in consequence of\\nSherman s successful flank movement on the Macon Road,\\nthe city was abandoned by the Confederates. After Sher-\\nman left it in ruins on his march to the sea, some Confed-\\nerate cavalry reoccupied it. No traces of those sad days\\nare now to be seen in the bustling, busy city and the pa-\\ntriot will pray that no such scenes may ever occur again.\\nExtensive lines of railway reach out from Atlanta in\\nevery direction, bringing into the city a large amount of\\ntrade from all sections of Georgia. On the Georgia\\nRailroad (the oldest in the State), sixteen miles from At-\\nlanta, in De Kalb County, stands the celebrated Stone\\nMountain, a peak of solid granite nearly two thousand\\nfeet in height and six or seven miles in circumference.\\nThe Stone Mountain granite is highly esteemed for build-\\ning purposes, and is extensively used, not only in Atlanta,\\nbut also in Augusta, Macon, and other cities and towns of\\nthe State. At Kirkwood and Decatur, on the Georgia\\nRailroad, many of the business men of Atlanta have their\\nhomes. The Western and Atlantic, or State Road (adver-\\ntised as the Kenesaw Route), from Atlanta to Chatta-\\nnooga, passes through a beautiful and well-cultivated\\ncountry, and the towns and stations along the route pre-\\n4*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "42\\nGEORGIA.\\nsent a neat appearance. The first station reached after\\nleaving Atlanta is Marietta, a pretty little town of about\\ntwo thousand inhabitants. The climate is delightful, and\\nmany of the citizens of the southern portion of the State\\nspend their summers here. The town has two flour-mills,\\na sash- and blind-factory, and also one for chairs and\\nbarrels. Its educational and religious advantages are ex-\\ncellent. In Marietta there is a National Cemetery, beau-\\ntifully laid out and well kept. In it lie buried ten thou-\\nSTONE MOUNTAIN.\\nsand Federal soldiers who lost their lives south of the\\nEtowah in the campaign between Sherman and Johnston.\\nIn full view of Marietta, and about two miles and a half\\nifovci the centre of the town, stands Kenesaw Mountain\\nwith its double peak. One may stand upon its summit\\nand see, spread out before him like a grand panorama,\\nthe country over which for nearly two months the armies\\nof Johnston and Sherman marched and countermarched,\\nand bitterly fought and struggled with each other, never", "height": "3325", "width": "2000", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "2000", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "44\\nGEORGIA.\\nonce losing their grapple, all their movements being at-\\ntended by bloody engagements between portions of each\\narmy and by constant daily skirmishes, in which the roar\\nof musketry on the skirmish line, often accompanied by\\nPONCE DE LEON SPRING.\\nthe thunder of artillery, could scarcely be distinguished\\nfrom the sound of a general engagement. On the 27th j\\nof June, 1864, Kenesaw Mountain was itself the scene of\\na bloody battle, in which, after a furious cannonade, the\\nFederal army made a general assault upon the Con fed-\\nerate position, meeting with a bloody repulse and losing\\nmore than three thousand men, while the Confederate\\nloss was only five hundred and twenty-two.\\nBut where twelve years ago such dreadful scenes were\\nenacted all is peaceful now. On the hill-sides and in the\\nvalleys may be seen in their proper season fields of rust-\\nling corn or snowy cotton, and to the ear are borne the J", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "ATLANTA AND NORTHWEST GEORGIA. 45\\nvoices of the laborers hallooing to each oilier, and the\\nshouts of children sporting in the sunshine. Running due\\nnorth from Marietta is the Marietta and North Georgia\\nRailroad, which is fast approaching completion.\\nThe most thriving town between Atlanta and Chatta-\\nnooga is Cartersville, in Bartow County, surrounded by a\\nfertile and thickly-settled country. The town has about\\neighty stores, three hotels, a printing-office, several good\\nschools, and is well supplied with churches. It has a\\ncar-factory and two cabinetmakers shops. The popula-\\ntion is about three thousand.\\nBartow is one of the best counties in the State. There\\nare in the county four iron-furnaces, which turn out daily\\nmany tons of pig-iron. The largest town between Car-\\ntersville and Chattanooga is Dalton, in Whitefield County.\\nIt is beautifully situated, and, like the other towns of this\\npart of the State, seems to be improving. Its population\\nis about two thousand. At the North Georgia Manufac-\\nturing Company s shops various kinds of household furni-\\nture are manufactured. The schools are excellent, and\\nthe town is well provided with churches. Not far from\\nDalton, in the adjoining county of Walker, are the Co-\\ntoosa Springs, quite a noted place of resort for the people\\nof this section. Surrounded by hills, and in full view of\\nthe Cohutta Mountains, the summer climate of Dalton is\\ndelightful. The town has two good hotels. The place\\nis the terminus of the Selma, Rome and Dalton Railway.\\nThe whole section of country through which the State\\nRoad passes is historic ground. Allatoona is the scene\\nof General Corse s gallant defence of the supplies which\\nwere so necessary to Sherman s army at Resaca was\\nfought a desperate but indecisive battle at Ringgold,\\nafter Bragg s disastrous defeat at Missionary Ridge, the\\nheroic Cleburne, with his brave division, selecting a strong", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "46 GEORGIA.\\nposition, checked the pursuing Federals under Hooker,\\nand saved the Confederate army from destruction. At\\nChickamauga Creek the Confederates, under Bragg, ob-\\ntained a victory, which, if properly followed up, would\\nhave been the most brilliant of any in the war, and would\\nhave prevented the subsequent defeat at Missionary Ridge\\nand have saved Georgia from Sherman s invasion.\\nAll this beautiful section of country was for years the\\nhome of the Cherokees, a powerful tribe of Indians, and\\nit was not until during the early part of Jackson s admin-\\nistration that the last remnants of the tribe were removed\\nfrom their loved homes to the territory provided for\\nthem west of the Mississippi River by the government of\\nthe United States. This was by many thought to be a\\nharsh measure, but it has resulted in great good, not only\\nto the people of Georgia but also to the Cherokees them-\\nselves, and time has proved the wisdom of President\\nJackson s policy.\\nThe most flourishing town of North Georgia above At-\\nlanta is Rome, in Floyd County, reached from Dalton by\\nthe railway which extends to Selma, in Alabama, and\\nconnected also by a short railroad of twenty miles with\\nKingston, a small town on the State Road, south of Dal-\\nton. Rome is an enterprising little city of between\\nthree and four thousand inhabitants. Among the evi-\\ndences of thrift is the large rolling-mill of the Nobles\\nBrothers, which gives employment to many hands. One\\nseldom sees prettier scenery than that which meets the\\neye from the top of Myrtle Hill. Just at its base the\\nEtowah and Oostenaula unite their streams, and under\\nthe name of the Coosa roll their mingled waters toward\\nthe sea. At the junction of these rivers lies the pretty\\ncity, which, together with the beautiful country surround-\\ning it, flanked on the one side by the Etowah and on the", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "NOTED VALLEYS.\\n47\\nother by the Oostenaula, presents to the eye a charming\\npicture. Rome is a growing town, and has two good\\nhotels, many first-class stores, some beautiful residences,\\nand is well provided with churches and excellent schools.\\nIn the southern part of Floyd County, not far from the\\nAlabama line, is the town of Cave Spring. Here is\\nlocated the Georgia Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, es-\\ntablished by act of the Legislature in 1847. Rome, too,\\nhas its memories of the war for not far from there, in\\nApril, 1863, General Forrest captured Colonel Streight\\nand nearly two thousand Federal cavalry. During Sher-\\nman s campaign the city suffered greatly, but the scars\\ninflicted by the war are now healed, and a bright future,\\nwe trust, awaits this thriving little city. The following\\nextracts from a pamphlet published by the Rome Cham-\\nber of Commerce will give some idea of the advantages\\nof this part of Georgia.\\nNOTED VALLEYS.\\nvann s valley.\\nThis charming valley begins at the city of Rome and\\nruns in a southwest direction along the line of the Selma,\\nRome and Dalton Railroad a distance of eighteen miles,\\nand seems to be suddenly stopped by a cluster of large\\nand beautiful hills, which check its advance at the most\\ndelightful little village of Cave Spring. This valley is as\\nlovely and attractive as nature could well make it. There are\\nranges of high hills on either side, covered with hard woods,\\ninterspersed with just pine sufficient to furnish light-wood\\nfor fire purposes; and in the autumn season, when the\\nleaves of the other trees have assumed their golden hues,\\nthese evergreen pines produce, by their contrast, a most\\nsplendid and effective panorama. This noted charming", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "48 GEORGIA.\\nvalley is from one to three miles in width, and is dotted\\nwith substantial farm-houses, located near some gurgling\\nspring of pure, cold water, which runs through the farms,\\nand furnishes sufficient water for the stock at all seasons of\\nthe year. The soil is of a dark and red mulatto color,\\nand produces equal to the river-bottoms on the Coosa or\\nOostenaula Rivers, and is filled on the hill-sides with\\nsplendid iron ore and marble. A ride through this valley\\nin the evening during Indian summer, and a night so-\\njourn at the beautiful village of Cave Spring, is a treat a\\nstranger should enjoy.\\nCave Spring takes its name from a cave, and a large\\nbold spring that gushes out at the base of one of her com-\\nmanding hills, some fifty yards distant from the cave. Cave\\nSpring lovely spot a village of churches and schools,\\nsurrounded by commanding hills, and filled with springs\\nand lovely streams of pure water, running over pebbly\\nbottoms, seems better suited for a little paradise, or for\\nthe home of the good and pure, than anything else.\\nHere the State has erected large and commodious build-\\nings for the Asylum of Deaf and Dumb. The Baptists\\nand Methodists have in successful operation here large\\nschools, male and female. The lands around this charm-\\ning, lovely little village are not inferior to the blue-grass\\nlands of the State of Kentucky. This place has improved\\nrapidly since the war, and is destined to be a great centre\\nfor education in the future. No intoxicating liquors\\nhave been permitted to be sold in this village for many\\nlong years. Many of the farmers in this productive val-\\nley are anxious to reduce the size of their farms, and here\\nis a grand opening for a colony of fifteen or twenty\\nfamilies from the Eastern States who want to settle in a\\nsection where peace, order, and quiet predominate, and\\nwhere religion and education reign supreme. Let the", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "NOTED VALLEYS. 49\\nNew England man, who is seeking a home in Florida,\\nvisit this lovely and beautiful valley before he settles else-\\nwhere. The health of this valley comes as near perfection\\nas can be on this sin-cursed earth. Send out some prac-\\ntical man to represent you, and examine this most lovely\\nvalley, and we feel that we shall show you most desirable\\nlocations for quiet, health, and charming homes.\\nCEDAR VALLEY.\\nThis celebrated valley is separated from Vann s Valley\\nby a range of hills, near Cave Spring, two miles in width.\\nThe lands on these hills are very rich, and grow cotton,\\nclover, and the cereals equal to the valley lands. This\\nvalley is much wider than Vann s Valley, and has the\\nappearance, in many places, of a river-bottom. The\\nlands in this valley are equal to the celebrated blue-grass\\nlands of Kentucky. Cedar Creek runs through the\\nvalley near Cedar Town, the county site, upon the banks\\nuf which have been erected large establishments for the\\nmanufacture of pig-metal and other articles of merchan-\\ndise. Mr. A. G. West, of New York city, is the pro-\\nprietor of this immense establishment. The citizens in\\nthis valley are free-hearted, open, hospitable, and liberal,\\nand are extremely anxious for settlers, men of enterprise\\nand thrift. Many of the largest farmers are anxious to\\nsell off and divide up their plantations. Visit, by all\\nmeans, this charming valley in Polk County.\\nTEXAS VALLEY.\\nThis is another productive valley, in Floyd County,\\nabout twelve miles northwest from Rome. Lands lie\\nvery much like Vann s Valley, but the soil is a gray\\nsandy loam, has fine timber, splendidly watered by living\\nstreams, and capable of settling a colony of fifteen or\\nc 5", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "50 GEORGIA.\\ntwenty families. Good society, good churches, public\\nschools, and exceedingly healthy. It is about two and a\\nhalf miles wide, and from twelve to fifteen miles long.\\nBy all means the stranger should examine this valley.\\nBROOM TOWN VALLEY.\\nIn Chattooga County, about twenty miles from Rome,\\nis one of the loveliest valleys in all North Georgia, and\\nit is in some respects superior to all the valleys mentioned.\\nThis valley, to be appreciated, must be visited its attrac-\\ntions are great, and the soil, timber, water, and health\\nare all that the heart of man can desire. People are\\nquiet, orderly, church-going, and hospitable to strangers.\\nHere is room for a large colony to settle. Then come\\nChattooga and Armuchee Valleys, both fertile and charm-\\ning. We invite most cordially our friends in the Eastern\\nStates, as well as the Middle States, who feel desirous of\\nmoving southward, to visit this beautiful section of the\\nSouth, and make Rome their headquarters, and they will\\nreceive that attention they may need to see a land full of\\nresources, lying dormant for the want of bone and muscle\\nto make it blossom like the rose.\\n*^We have only mentioned some of the most prominent\\nvalleys, whilst there are many smaller ones equally as\\ninviting, as well timbered and watered. Sugar Valley, in\\nGordon County, some twenty miles northwest of Rome,\\nalso Ridge Valley, some five miles above Rome, are both\\nv/orthy of mention, and should be seen to be appreciated.\\nIn the latter valley there is a large iron-furnace, called after\\nthe name of Ridge Valley. Come, and let us show you\\nthe prettiest part of the whole South.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER III.\\nThe Air-Line Road and Northeast Georgia Toccoa Falls\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tallulah\\nFalls Nacoochee Valley.\\nSome of the grandest and most beautiful scenery of\\nGeorgia is found along the Air-Line Railroad and the\\nportion of country tributary to it. Up to the time of the\\ncompletion of this railway, all this section enjoyed but\\nfew commercial advantages. The railroad has proved to\\nbe a wonderful developer, and all along the route little\\ntowns have sprung up, as if by magic. The most im-\\nportant town on this route is Gainesville, situjited in Hall\\nCounty, about fifty-three miles from Atlanta. The up-\\nward progress of this town is quite remarkable. Since\\nthe advent of the iron horse the value of town property\\nhas increased from ^86,000 to ^880,000. The trade of the\\ntown, which formerly amounted to ^30,000 annually, is\\nnow estimated at ^600,000. The assessment of the county\\nhas risen from ^750,000 to ^2,100,000. The town also\\ncarries on an extensive trade in chickens, eggs, and butter.\\nThe population of Gainesville has increased from four\\nhundred and seventy-two, in 1870, to twenty-five hundred.\\nThe distinguished Confederate General Longstreet now\\nlives in Gainesville.\\nGainesville has tvv o first-class hotels, the Richmond\\nHouse and the Piedmont Hotel. The proprietors of the\\nPiedmont Hotel are also proprietors of the Porter Springs,\\nwhich are delightfully situated among the mountains,\\n51", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "52\\nGEORGIA.\\ntwenty-eight miles north of Gainesville, and reached by\\na good stage-road. Two miles east of Gainesville, on the\\nAir-Line Railroad, are the New Holland Springs, also\\nwell fitted up for the accommodation of visitors. Within\\none mile of the court-house at Gainesville is the Gower\\nSprings Hotel, to the door of which the street-cars run.\\nThe other towns of the Air-Line Road are Norcross,\\nBuford, Mount Airy, Belton, and Toccoa, which, though\\nbut a few years ago without any existence, now contain\\nstores, hotels, churches, schools, printing-offices, and\\nlivery-stables. At Mount Airy tourists take the hack for\\nClarkesville, in Habersham County, formerly a great\\nplace of resort during the summer months for the wealthy\\ncitizens of the lower sections of the State. Clarkesville\\nwas generally the stopping-place of those who designed\\nvisiting the Falls of Tallulah and Toccoa, or the valley\\nof Nacoochee but the railroad has produced a change,\\nand many prefer to make their headquarters at Toccoa\\nCity, and from thence visit these various places of interest.\\nLulu City is the present terminus of a new road which\\nhas been constructed to connect the Air-Line with Athens,\\nand, by the branch road which extends from this city to\\nthe Georgia Railroad, with the middle portion of the\\nState.* Next to Gainesville, the most important town\\nof this section is Toccoa City, which is also the terminus\\nof the Elberton Air-Line. In 1870 there was no such\\ntown. Now it contains a population of about one thou-\\nsand, and has about twenty-five stores, two hotels, and\\nlivery-stables where one can obtain good teams for a trip\\nto the Falls. About two and a half miles from this town\\nare the Falls of Toccoa, on a creek of the same name.\\nIt is intended to continue this road to Knoxville, Tenn., by way of\\nRabun Gap.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "TOCCOA FALLS.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "54 GEORGIA.\\nThe water falls one hundred and eighty-five feet perpen-\\ndicular over a ledge of sandstone. No description can\\ngive an idea of the beauty of this silvery cascade, descend-\\ning so gently from the lofty rock, whose sides are plainly\\nseen as if behind a thin veil.\\nToccoa or The Beautiful this name\\nTo thee was given by tawny Indian girls,\\nWhen, with the summer s sultry noon, they came\\nTo bathe their bosoms where the water curls\\nAround the mossy rocks in countless pearls\\nOr when, in autumn, seeking o er the hills.\\nFrom which thy eddying current lightly whirls,\\nBrown nuts, their baskets of light reed to fill,\\nThey loved to pause and gaze upon thy beauties still.\\nThis is a favorite spot for picnics for the people of\\nToccoa City and the surrounding country. A few feet\\nfrom the foot of the fall is a little refreshment saloon, with\\na platform in front for dancing. As you near the Falls\\nthere stands back from the road, on a little hill, a small\\nhotel for the accommodation of those who desire to spend\\na few days in the neighborhood of this pretty cascade.\\nAbout fifteen miles from Toccoa City are the celebrated\\nFalls of Tallulah, on the river of the same name. This\\nriver is the western branch of the Tugaloo, which is\\nformed by the union of the Tallulah and Chattooga\\nRivers. The falls are about ten miles above the junction\\nof the rivers. There are four perpendicular pitches of\\nwater, of from fifty to eighty feet, and a great many\\nsmaller cataracts. The four principal falls are Lodore,\\nTempesta, Hurricane, and Oceana. Just at the head\\nand also at the foot of the series of falls and rapids the\\nbanks of the river are not more than the ordinary height.\\nIn the intermediate distance the height of the banks varies\\nFrom a poem by General Henry R. Jackson, of Savannah,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "A VIEW AT TALLULAH FALLS.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "56 GEORGIA.\\nfrom two hundred to about eight hundred feet perpendic-\\nular. At the Grand Chasm one can look down into an\\nawful gulf and see the narrow stream of the river rushing\\nalong eight hundred and sixty feet below him. Between\\nLodore and Tempesta Falls is a beautiful basin of water\\ncalled Hawthorne s Pool, so named from a Presbyterian\\nminister who ventured into it for a bath and from some\\ncause unknown sank to rise no more. One should spend\\nseveral days at these Falls if he wishes to see everything\\nof interest connected with them. The time can be spent\\nboth pleasantly and comfortably, for there is a well-kept\\nthough rustic hotel, situated just above the head of the\\nrapids, commanding a fine view of the beautiful river.\\nThis hotel has been built since the opening of the rail-\\nroad, and every summer is filled with guests.\\nWithin fifteen miles of the railroad is the lovely val-\\nley of Nacoochee, or the Evening Star, so called,\\nsays tradition, from the daughter of a noted Cherokee\\nchief. This maiden possessed wonderful beauty. She\\nwas wooed and won by Sautee, a brave young warrior of\\nthe Choctaw nation, a people who were the bitter foes\\nof the Cherokees. One dark night Nacoochee eloped\\nwith her lover. The enraged father summoned a hun-\\ndred warriors to go in search of his daughter. After\\ndays and nights of ceaseless search the lovers were found\\nin their hiding-place among the rocky fastnesses of Mount\\nYonah. Sautee was condemned by the old chief to be\\nthrown from the highest precipice of Mount Yonah. The\\nterrible sentence was put into immediate execution in the\\npresence of Nacoochee but, to the horror of the aged\\nchief, the maiden broke from his strong embrace, and,\\nleaping over the precipice, shared her lover s fate. Na-\\ncoochee and Sautee were buried on the banks of the\\nChattahoochee in one grave, and a mound raised over", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "NACOOCHEE VALLEY. 57\\nthem to mark the spot. Two adjoining valleys now bear\\nthe names of the young Cherokee girl and her Choctaw\\nlover.\\nThe valley of Nacoochee is under a high state of cul-\\ntivation. The handsomest place in the valley is the fine\\nmansion of Captain James Nichols, surrounded by beau-\\ntiful grounds with flower-gardens, summer-houses, and\\nfountains, artificial lakes, parks for deer, and pools for\\nfishes.\\nGeorge W. Williams, Esq., a leading merchant of\\nCharleston, S. C, also has a summer residence in this\\nvalley. Writing of this couijtry, he says, The living\\nis good and wholesome. The beef, lambs, kids, and veal\\nare as fat and nice as you could desire. The country\\nabounds in the choicest fruits and vegetables, honey,\\nbutter, eggs, and chickens, at reasonable prices. Here\\nyou find gushing springs of sweet freestone water, and\\nthe mountain air is pure and invigorating. You have\\nneither extremes of heat or cold. They need in all the\\nupper districts hardy, industrious immigrants from the\\nNorth and Europe the beautiful streams should be lined\\nwith cotton, wool, and other manufactories. The forests\\nare filled with the best timber, such as pine, walnut,\\nchestnut, locust, and maple. Saw-mills are busily em-\\nployed in preparing lumber for the Atlanta, Augusta, and\\nother markets.\\nOne cannot pass through Northeast Georgia, and notice\\nits natural advantages and beautiful scenery, without be-\\nlieving that a bright future awaits this delightful region.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IV.\\nAugusta and Middle Georgia The Georgia Railroad and Branches\\nRevolutionary History of Augusta, etc.\\nOf all the towns of Georgia, Augusta and Columbus\\ntake the lead in manufacturing enterprises. In 1847 the\\nAugusta Canal was completed, affording water communi-\\ncation between the city and the country lying along the\\nSavannah River, communication by the river being im-\\npossible on account of the rocks and rapids which impede\\nits navigation above the city. The canal also gives to\\nthe city a magnificent water-power, and affords splendid\\nsites for factories and mills. The citizens of Augusta\\nhave not been slow to avail themselves of these advan-\\ntages, as any one may see who visits the excellent flour-\\nmills along the banks of the canal, or the Augusta\\nCotton Factory, so highly complimented by Senator\\nSprague, of Rhode Island, as being the best arranged\\ncotton-mill in the United States.\\nFew cities of the Union present a more attractive ap-\\npearance than Augusta! Broad Street, the principal\\nthoroughfare, has a length of about two miles, the part\\nbetween the Upper and Lower Markets being occupied\\nchiefly by commodious stores (over many of which are\\ncomfortable residences), and by banks, hotels, and public\\nhalls, while the upper and lower portions of the street are\\nmostly given up to private dwellings, the comfort of\\nwhose owners is greatly enhanced, not only by the large\\ntrees which line the sidewalks, but also by the pleasant\\n58", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "AUGUSTA.\\n59\\npromenade in front of each man s door, afforded by the\\nbeautifully shaded avenue, which extends down the centre\\nof the street, with spacious carriage-ways on either side.\\nThe streets leading from Broad are well kept and prettily\\nl^^ S g ^^j^fe^^^^^E\\ni*4i?: f t s^E^F ;#^i ill\\n^.ij^ s_jin _ J -j i7 iiJT Bg\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nM sg^^jE^^^^alHfcrs -i-:^^\\n^^^^\u00c2\u00a32^fc^l\\nVIEW OF MONUMENT STREET FROM THE NORTH SIDE OF BROAD,\\nAUGUSTA.\\nshaded. But the most beautiful thoroughfare of the city\\nis Greene Street, named in honor of General Nathaniel\\nGreene, the gallant son of Rhode Island, who delivered", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "6o\\nGEORGIA.\\nthe Carolinas and Georgia from the British invaders, and\\nwhose body sleeps in Georgia soil near the city of Savan-\\nnah. Greene Street is almost entirely given up to resi-\\nPLANTERS HOTEL.\\ndences and churches, and a superb avenue, like those in\\nthe upper and lower portions of Broad Street, extends\\nthrough its whole length. Many of the houses stand\\nback from the street, having in front neat gardens of\\nshrubs and flowers, ornamented in many instances with\\nsparkling fountains.\\nIn front of the City Hall, which faces this street, stands\\na granite shaft, erected to the memory of Lyman Hall,\\nButton Gwinnett, and George Walton, the signers of the\\nDeclaration of Independence in behalf of Georgia. Far-\\nther down the street is a neat monument of Italian mar-\\nble reared to the memory of the Confederate dead of\\nAugusta and Richmond County. The Augusta Cemetery\\nis one of the attractions of the city. The grounds are\\nhandsomely laid off, and the carriage-ways and walks are", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "AUGUSTA.\\n6i\\ndensely shaded, except in the new portion, where the\\ntrees are of a more recent growth. Most of these new\\ntrees are magnolias, which are arrayed in beautiful green\\nthroughout the year. The soldiers section, in which sleep\\nthe remains of many Confederate dead, is carefully tended.\\nAt each grave is a marble headstone, and in the centre of\\nCONFEDERATE CENOTAPH ON GREENE STREET.\\nthe section is a fountain. This portion of the cemetery\\nis under the care of the Ladies Memorial Association.\\nThe ladies of this association are preparing to erect a\\nhandsome Confederate monument on Broad Street in the\\nbusiness portion of the city.\\nThe churches of Augusta are neat and substantial build-\\n6", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "62\\nGEORGIA.\\nings, and are numerous, almost every Christian sect being\\nrepresented. The Jews also have a pretty synagogue on\\nTelfair Street.\\nAugusta enjoys excellent educational advantages, being\\nAUGUSTA ORPHAN ASYLUM.\\nwell supplied with good schools. The medical college on\\nTelfair Street is a branch of the State University, and is\\npresided over by an able faculty.\\nWe have already spoken of the Augusta Cotton-Factory.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "AUGUSTA. 63\\nThis was first operated in 1847. It started with a capital\\nof one hundred and forty thousand dollars, which has in-\\ncreased to six hundred thousand dollars, and pays its stock-\\nholders handsome dividends annually. At first there were\\ntwo mills; but the space between them has since been\\nbuilt up and the two united into one. The factory is\\nfive stories high, about four hundred and eighty-eight feet\\nTHE AUGUSTA FACTORY.\\nin length, and fifty-two feet in width. It has twenty-three\\nthousand four hundred and twenty-four spindles and seven\\nhundred and seventy looms, and employs six hundred and\\ntwenty-two hands. The number of yards of cotton-cloth\\nturned out from this factory in four weeks is one million\\none hundred and fifty-eight thousand six hundred and eight.\\nThe houses built for the operatives, with the exception of\\na few frame buildings that were first put up, are of brick,\\nand are neat, substantial, and comfortable buildings. This\\nis one of the best managed mills of the United States, as\\nis shown by the fact that during the great financial press-\\nure of the past few years the factory was run on full time,\\nits full number of hands employed, and good dividends", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "64 GEORGIA.\\npaid to its stockholders. It has never paid less than eight\\nper cent, annual dividend, and sometimes as high as twenty\\nper cent. About three hundred yards from the Augusta\\nFactory a new mill has just been completed, under the\\nauspices of the Enterprise Manufacturing Company.\\nIt is three stories high, two hundred and thirty-six feet in\\nlength, seventy-five feet in width, and runs at present\\nseventy-three hundred spindles, which number the man-\\nagers propose to increase shortly to twenty thousand. This\\nfactory manufactures sheetings and drills. At least a\\ndozen more large mills could be furnished with water-\\npower by the Augusta Canal. An effort is being made\\nnow to erect a much larger mill than either of those\\nalready mentioned, along that part of the canal once oc-\\ncupied by the Confederate Powder-Mills. Besides the\\ntwo factories just described, there is the Globe Cotton-\\nMill, two stories in height, eighty feet long by fifty wide,\\nhaving one thousand four hundred and forty spindles, and\\nemploying forty hands. It manufactures carpet and other\\nwarps, twine, thread, etc. Another building on the canal\\nis to be remodelled into a factory, styled the Dublin Mill,\\nthe building to be three and one-half stories high, and one\\nhundred feet long by fifty broad. It is expected to con-\\ntain three thousand spindles and one hundred looms.\\nThe charter is one of the best ever granted. The capital\\nstock is one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, with the\\nprivilege of increasing to one million dollars. It is in-\\ntended to manufacture in this mill colored checks. Nearly\\nall the stock has been subscribed in Augusta. Besides the\\ncotton-mills there are along the canal three large flouring-\\nmills, a tobacco-factory, and a rope-factory, the works of\\nthe Dixon Fertilizer Company, and the foundry of Pen-\\ndleton Brothers, all of which are thriving and pros-\\nperous. On the other side of the city, fronting the river,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "AUGUSTA.\\n6S\\nis Simmon s s Waste-Factory, a handsome two-story brick\\nbuilding, affording employment to many hands.\\nThere are three large planing-mills in Augusta, where\\nPLANING-MILL OF THOMPSON HEINDEL.\\ndoors, sashes, and blinds are manufactured. At the ma-\\nchine-shop of Neblitt Goodrich cotton-gins and cotton-\\npresses are also manufactured. There are besides three\\nlarge iron-foundries, which are prepared to manufacture\\nportable, stationary, and steamboat engines and boilers,\\nsugar- and grist-mills, mining-machinery, gas-works, iron\\nrailings, and threshing-machines. At the Georgia Rail-\\nroad shops excellent freight cars and handsome passenger\\ncoaches are made. There is also on Mcintosh Street an\\nice-factory which turns out daily twenty thousand pounds.\\nIn the southern limits of the city the Patapsco Fertilizing\\nCompany have a large guano manufactory. The popu-\\nlation of Augusta was fifteen thousand three hundred and\\n6*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "66 GEORGIA.\\neighty-nine in 1870, and increased by 1873 to nineteen\\nthousand eight hundred and ninety-one. A company,\\nstyled the Augusta Land Company, has recently pur-\\nchased a large tract of land on the western borders of the\\ncity, which has been laid out in streets and divided into\\nlots. It is hoped by the gentlemen engaged in the enter-\\nprise that in a few years this will be one of the hand-\\nsomest parts of the city. According to a census taken\\nfor the City Directory of 1877, the population of Augusta\\nis twenty-three thousand seven hundred and sixty-eight.\\nAugusta is an important railroad centre, and has also some\\nriver commerce. It is connected with Atlanta, Athens,\\nand Macon by rail, with Savannah both by rail and water,\\nand by rail with Columbia, Charleston, and Port Royal,\\nin South Carolina. Augusta receives somewhere in the\\nneighborhood of two hundred thousand bales of cotton\\nyearly. During the summer season the watermelon crop\\nof Richmond County forms an important element of trade.\\nSome of the melons are very large, weighing as high as\\nfifty and sixty pounds. Thpusands of them are shipped\\nto New York and other cities. The shipments have in\\nsome seasons run as high as two hundred and forty\\nthousand.\\nAugusta is one of the oldest places in Georgia, having\\nbeen laid out by General Oglethorpe in 1735. During\\nthe War of the Revolution the town changed hands fre-\\nquently. Early in 1779, and soon after the fall of Savan-\\nnah, it was occupied by the British, but was reoccupied\\nby the Americans after their victory at Kettle Creek, in\\nWilkes County. After the defeat of the Americans at\\nBrier Creek, their failure in the assault on Savannah, and\\nthe fall of Charleston, Augusta was again taken by the\\nBritish, under Colonel Brown, who continued to hold it\\nuntil near the close of the war, repulsing on one occasion", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "AUGUSTA. 67\\na vigorous attack by Colonel Elijah Clarke, the Marion\\nof Georgia. On the 5th of June, 1781, Colonel Brown\\nwas forced to surrender Augusta and the British garrison\\nto the combined forces of Pickens, Clarke, and Light\\nHorse Harry Lee. St. Paul s Episcopal Church now\\nstands where stood Fort Cornwallis, and not far from the\\nUpper Market, on Broad Street, stood Fort Grierson,\\nwhose commander was slain after his surrender by an\\nunknown marksman in revenge for the many cruelties\\npractised by him upon American prisoners in the day\\nof his power.\\nDuring the disastrous war between the North and\\nSouth, Augusta escaped unscathed, although here were\\nsituated the great Confederate Powder-Mills, the most\\nextensive work of the kind ever constructed in America,\\nand at Summerville, on the sand hills, stood the large\\narmory built by the Confederate government. The only\\neffort made to capture the city was by the cavalry of Gen-\\neral Kilpatrick; but that officer was defeated at Aiken, in\\nSouth Carolina, by General Wheeler, and thus Augusta\\nescaped the fate of Atlanta and Columbia.\\nThe suburban villages of Augusta are delightful, and\\nare connected with the city by pleasant drives. In Wood-\\nlawn, Harrisonville, and Summerville many of the well-\\nto-do business men of the city have their residences.\\nNowhere can there be found a pleasanter place for a\\nsummer residence, or for a winter resort for Northern\\ninvalids, than Summerville on the Sand Hills, which is\\nconnected with the city by a continuation of the street\\nrailroad. Many celebrated men of Georgia have had\\ntheir homes in Augusta. Among her distinguished citi-\\nzens she numbers ex-Governor Charles J. Jenkins and\\nJudge John P. King. This city was for many years the\\nresidence of Richard Henry Wilde, the author of My", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "68 GEORGIA.\\nLife is like the Summer Rose/ and several other pretty\\npoems.\\nThe most important towns on the Georgia Railroad\\nbetween Augusta and Atlanta are Greensboro Madison,\\nCovington, and Conyers, all flourishing and pretty\\nplaces. At Oxford, near Covington, is Emory College,\\nunder the control of the Southern Methodist Episcopal\\nChurch, one of the best institutions of learning in the\\nSouth. There are female colleges at Greensboro Madi-\\nson, and Covington. Crawfordsville is the home of\\nGeorgia s great statesman, Alexander H. Stephens. At\\nDecatur, a pleasant little village six miles from Atlanta, is\\nthe residence of another distinguished son of Georgia,\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nGeneral John B. Gordon, United States Senator.\\nThe middle section of Georgia is the most thickly\\nsettled portion of the State, and is inhabited by a refined\\nand cultivated population. The towns and villages are\\nneat and pretty, and present a thrifty appearance. The\\nlands along the creeks and rivers are exceedingly fertile,\\nand produce the most abundant crops of corn and cotton,\\nor of any of the grains that can be raised in any part of\\nthe United States. Some of the lands, as may be seen\\nby travellers on the railroads, have been worn out by im-\\nproper cultivation, but with suitable care these can be\\neasily restored to their original productiveness. To show\\nwhat may be done even on the worn-out lands, we insert\\nthe following extract from a letter of Mr. Samuel Baily, a\\nNorthern gentleman, who has been living in the South\\nsince 1853. He says:\\nI came from Athens, Georgia, to Maxey s (in Ogle-\\nthorpe County), where I now reside, in 1856. I was a\\nmechanic by trade, and superintended the Oglethorpe\\nFertilizing Works at this place. In 1868 I purchased a\\nsmall place which every one considered almost worthless", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "MIDDLE GEORGIA. 69\\nfor farming purposes. When I commenced farming my\\nmeans were quite limited. The first year I took up six-\\nteen acres, commenced ploughing deep and subsoiling,\\ngetting all washes levelled as near as possible. I sowed\\none acre in wheat and fifteen in cotton. The yield from\\nthose sixteen acres was fifty-seven bushels of wheat and\\neleven bales of cotton, weighing four hundred and sixty-\\nfive pounds each. I will state here that the wheat which\\nI raised that year took the premium at the first State\\nFair in Macon, and my cotton brought the highest market\\nprice. I have always advocated deep culture and thorough\\npreparation of the lands before planting, more especially\\nwhen manuring highly either with barn-yard or commer-\\ncial manure. I have given special attention to drainage\\nof land, stopping all washes. I have used the manures\\nmanufactured at our fertilizing works, but consider barn-\\nyard and cotton-seed and such to be more lasting and\\npermanent. By saving all the manures accumulated on\\nmy place I have brought my lands up to what is consid-\\nered in Middle Georgia a high state of cultivation, and\\nnow will make in an ordinary crop year from thirty-iive\\nto forty bushels of wheat and one bale of cotton per acre\\non an average, without the aid of any manuring. Besides\\nfield-crops, I have met with the best results in all kinds of\\nfruits grown in Georgia, such as peaches, pears, apples,\\nstrawberries, etc. I have also grown all kinds of vegeta-\\nbles in abundance for family use, and have sold annually\\nIrish potatoes, onions, and watermelons. Last year I\\ngathered and sold from one-eighth of an acre twenty-\\neight bushels of strawberries, which were of a superb\\nvariety (the Wilson Albany). I have always found the\\npeople in this part of the State hospitable and obliging,\\nand consider this country of superior advantage to any\\nother. I have worked each year on an average two full", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "yo GEORGIA.\\nhands, and I consider my net gains about one thousand\\ndollars per annum since I commenced farming.\\nIt must be remembered that the above results were ob-\\ntained from so-called worn-out land that was considered\\nworthless. If so much can be accomplished in soil of\\nthat kind, what can be done on the rich and fertile lands\\nof the State\\nMr. J. H. Echols, formerly of Oglethorpe County, but\\nnow a commission merchant of Augusta, was the first to\\nintroduce a variety of the improved Long Staple,\\ncalled Moina Cotton. It is a hybrid from the best Sea-\\nIsland and Upland Prolific, and was brought to its\\npresent perfection by a South Carolina planter on the\\ncoast of Texas. It is one of the most wonderful results\\nof hybridism that has ever been produced by agricultural\\nexperiment, and after ten years of cultivation is the best\\nUpland Long Staple in the country. This cotton has\\nbeen sold as high as forty cents, in gold, per pound, and\\nthe seed for ten dollars per bushel, in the Augusta market.\\nGood lands are to be found in all sections of Georgia,\\nand- in any portion of the State one can find cultivated\\nsociety and excellent schools, and enjoy religious advan-\\ntages equal to those of any part of the Union.\\nOn the Macon and Augusta Railroad, the principal\\nplaces are Warrenton and Sparta, both pretty towns, and\\nMilledgeville, the former capital, an interesting little city\\nof three thousand inhabitants. The old State-House is a\\nneat building in the gothic style of architecture. At\\nMilledgeville is located the Georgia Penitentiary. About\\none and a half miles from the city, at Midway, is the\\nGeorgia Asylum for the Insane. Milledgeville is con-\\nnected with the Central Railroad by a branch road, whose\\nnorthern terminus is Eatonton, one of the pleasantest\\ntowns of Middle Georgia. Both Milledgeville and", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "ATHENS. 71\\nEatonton are situated in the midst of a rich cotton\\ncountry. Near Sparta is the home of Bishop George F.\\nPierce, one of the foremost ministers of the gospel in\\nAmerica. Here also dwells the venerable Dr. Lovick\\nPierce, the father of the bishop, a man remarkable for\\nhis eloquence, piety, and zeal.\\nAt the terminus of one of the branch roads of the\\nGeorgia Railway is the beautiful town of Washington, in\\nWilkes County, with a population of about fifteen hun-\\ndred. This place was known during the War of the\\nRevolution as Heard s Fort, and here the Legislature met\\nwhen the British were in possession of Augusta. Wash-\\nington is the home of Hon. Robert Toombs, formerly\\nUnited States Senator from Georgia.\\nUnion Point, on the Georgia Railroad, is the junction\\nof the Athens Branch, a road whose terminus is Athens,\\nthe seat of the State University, a charming little city of\\nnearly five thousand inhabitants, beautifully situated upon\\nthe banks of the Oconee. Besides the State University,\\nAthens boasts an excellent female college, the Lucy Cobb\\nListitute, a beautiful building in a lovely portion of the\\ncity. The society of Athens is elegant and refined. Here\\nsome of the most distinguished sons of Georgia have had\\ntheir homes, men renowned as statesmen, as jurists, as\\nministers of the gospel, and last, though not least, as edu-\\ncators of the young. Among her distinguished men,\\nAthens can point with pride to Judge Joseph Henry\\nLumpkin, Rev. Hope Hull, Rev. Moses Waddel, Hon.\\nHowell Cobb, General Thomas R. R. Cobb, Hon. Ben-\\njamin Hill, Rev. Dr. Lipscomb, and many others. No\\nplace of its size in the United States can excel Athens\\nin the advantages which it offers, both social, educational,\\nand religious. Athens is also a town of considerable\\ntrade, and there are located here two flourishing cotton-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "72 GEORGIA.\\nfactories and one foundry. In the county (Clarke) are\\ntwo other cotton-factories and one woollen. In all of\\nthese mills combined there are thirteen thousand four\\nhundred and fifty spindles and three hundred and fifty-\\nthree looms. Athens is connected with Lula City on the\\nAir-Line by the Northeastern Railroad, which traverses a\\nfine section of the State.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER V.\\nMacon, Columbus, and Western Georgia Central Railroad and\\nBranches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Atlanta and West Point Railroad\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Places of Interest-\\nBattles of Jonesborough, Griswoldville, Newnan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Affair at West\\nPoint.\\nMacon, the fourth city of Georgia, is situated on both\\nsides of the Ocmulgee River, at the head of steam-\\nboat navigation, and is also in the middle section of the\\nState. It is surrounded by a productive country, and is\\nconnected by rail with the cities of Atlanta, Columbus,\\nAugusta, Savannah, Albany, and Brunswick. The first\\nWESLEYAN FEMALE COLLEGE.\\nlots were sold in 1823. It is now a thriving and beauti-\\nful city of eleven thousand inhabitants. It has an exten-\\nsive trade, two large foundries, a cotton-factory, flouring-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "74\\nMACON.\\nmills and planing-mills. Its yearly receipts of cbtton are\\nseventy-five thousand bales.\\nMacon might appropriately be called the city of col-\\nleges. The Wesleyan Female College, belonging to the\\nSouthern Methodist Church, ranks among the best insti-\\ntutions of the kind in the Union. It has the honor of\\nbeing the first college in the United States to confer\\nMERCER UNIVERSITY.\\ndiplomas upon females. Another excellent institution of\\nlearning is the Mercer University, under the control of\\nthe Baptist denomination, which was formerly located at\\nPenfield, in Greene County, but, since the War of Seces-\\nsion, has been removed to Macon. The Pio Nono Col-\\nlege, a large and handsome building, has been lately\\nerected under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Church\\nof Georgia.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "GEORGIA.\\n75\\nAt Macon is also located the Georgia Academy for the\\nBlind. In addition to these seminaries of learning,\\nCOURT-HOUSE AT MACON.\\nMacon is provided with an excellent system of public\\nschools. The city has some handsome public buildings\\nand many beautiful residences. A favorite place of resort\\nis the Central City Park, handsomely laid out along the\\nbanks of the Ocmulgee. Here the State Fair is held every\\nsecond year, on which occasions the beautiful walks and\\ndrives present a gay appearance. Vineville, one mile", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "i", "height": "3325", "width": "2066", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "MACON.\\n77\\nfrom the city, is a pleasant retreat, with beautiful homes,\\nsurrounded by pretty lawns and gardens. About half a\\nmile from the city, on the banks of the river, is situated\\nthe Rose Hill Cemetery, much admired by all visitors.\\nMacon escaped the ravages of the war. In 1864 it was\\nthreatened by General Stoneman, in command of a large\\ncavalry force, but Stoneman was driven off, pursued and\\ncaptured, with one thousand of his men. In the spring\\nVIEW ON SECOND STREET, MACON.\\nof 1865 it was taken by General Wilson s cavalry expedi-\\ntion, but the Federal troops were immediately withdrawn\\nupon the news of the capitulation of Johnston s army in\\nNorth Carolina. At Griswoldville, on the Central Rail-\\nroad, not far from Macon, during Sherman s march to\\nthe sea, occurred a desperate fight between a division of\\n7*", "height": "3325", "width": "2066", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "78\\nGEORGIA.\\nthe Federals and a body of State troops, in which the\\nlatter were worsted.\\nENTRANCE TO ROSE HILL CEMETERY, MACON.\\nOn the Central Railroad, between Macon and Savan-\\nnah, there are no large towns but there are several thriv-\\ning towns on the Macon and Western and Southwestern\\nRailroads, both of which important highways of commerce\\nare under the control of the Central, of which they are\\nthe two most important branches. On the Ocmulgee\\nRiver, below Macon, is Hawkinsville, a town of con-\\nsiderable trade, connected by a short railway with the\\nMacon and Brunswick Railroad. At Eastman, in Dodge\\nCounty, on the last-named road, some Northern gentle-\\nmen have recently erected the Uplands Hotel, a first-class\\nhouse for the accommodation of persons seeking a pleasant\\nwinter resort, free alike from the malaria of the low\\nswamp-lands along the coast and from the cold winds of", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "COLUMBUS.\\n79\\nUpper Georgia. The village of Eastman is some six\\nhundred or seven hundred feet above tide-water^ and the\\nair of these pine uplands is recommended by prominent\\nphysicians as having a healing virtue in bronchial and\\npulmonary complaints.\\nConnected with Macon by the Southwestern Railroad\\nis Columbus, the fifth city of the State, at the head of\\nsteamboat navigation on the Chattahoochee, the greatest\\nmanufacturing centre in the South. Together with its\\nimmediate suburbs, Columbus embraces a population of\\nabout fifteen thousand, but the city proper contained, by\\nCOLUMBUS FEMALE COLLEGE.\\nthe census of 1870, only about eight thousand inhabitants.\\nJust before the close of the late war it was captured by\\nWilson s cavalry, and its mills destroyed but these have\\nbeen rebuilt and greatly enlarged. There are six cotton-\\nfactories, four running by water and two by steam, viz.,\\nEagle and Phoenix Mills, Nos. i and 2, Muscogee Mills,\\nand Columbus Factory Mills, all being of large capacity;\\none steam cotton-mill for yarns only, and another steam\\nfactory for stripes and checks only. Besides these there", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "8o\\nGEORGIA.\\nis a steam bagging-factory, which daily turns out an\\nexcellent article of bagging. The Eagle and Phoenix\\nPERRY HOUSE.\\nManufacturing Company have lately purchased what is\\nknown as the Palace Mills ground and water-lot, and\\nhave erected thereon a new mill, which makes their mill\\nthe largest ever erected in the South. The Eagle and\\nSPRINGER OPERA-HOUSE.\\nPhoenix Mills manufacture a superior article of woollen\\ngoods, and also the celebrated cotton blanket. There", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "COLUMBUS.\\n8i\\nare also in tlie city two large flour-mills, four smaller\\ngrist-mills, one kerosene oil factory, two saw-mills, one\\nMUSCOGEE MILLS.\\nwagon-factory, making an article that competes with those\\nof Northern and Western build, one extensive plough-\\nfactory, two iron-foundries (one of them the most exten-\\nEAGLE AND PHCENIX MILLS.\\nsive south of Richmond, Virginia), three large machine-\\nshops, three planing-mills, one carriage-factory, one fur-\\nniture-factory, one sasli- and blind-factory, one tub- and\\nspoke-factory, and three brick-yards.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "82\\nGEORGIA.\\nAt the Columbus Boat-Yard steamboats are built and\\nrepaired.\\ngilbert s printing establishment, COLUMBUS.\\nThere are four railroads terminating at Columbus, with\\ntheir shops, at one of which (the Central) are manufac-\\ntured superior locomotive-engines and passenger-cars.\\nBesides its railroad connections in Georgia and Ala-\\nbama, Columbus carries on an extensive river trade with\\nEufaula and Fort Gaines, on the Chattahoochee, and with\\nAppalachicola, on the Gulf of Mexico. Columbus re-\\nceives yearly about seventy-five thousand bales of cotton.\\nThis city, in its general appearance, resembles Augusta.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "COLUMBUS.\\n83\\nNear it are the pretty suburban villages of Winnton, Lin-\\nwood, and Bealwood. Just across the river, in Alabama,\\nis the town of Girard. All the religious denominations\\nare represented in Columbus, and some of the church\\nedifices are quite tasty in appearance. The city has an\\nexcellent school system, equal to that of any place of its\\nsize in the Union. There are five large cotton-warehouses\\nbesides the one owned by the Eagle Phoenix Company\\nand used exclusively for their own storage.\\nGEORGIA HOME INSURANCE COMPANY S BUILDING.\\nThe building of the Georgia Home Insurance Company,\\nmade entirely of iron, is one of the most imposing in the\\nSouth. Columbus is an attractive place, and the great\\nmanufacturing facilities afforded by its immense water-\\npower are destined at some future day to make it a large\\nand prosperous city. It was laid out in 1828, and when\\nthe late war began was a rapidly-growing town. The de-\\nstruction of its mills towards the close of the war gave it\\na temporary check, but the city is once more on the road\\nto prosperity, as may be known from the fact that its ruined\\nmills were almost immediately rebuilt, and by Southern\\ncapital alone. Wlisre such enterprise is shown, success is\\nsure to follow.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "84 GEORGIA.\\nThe largest town between Columbus and Macon is\\nFort Valley, in one of the healthiest and pleasantest local-\\nities in Georgia. This place has a population of four-\\nteen hundred, has superior educational advantages, and\\nchurches of the leading Protestant denominations. It is\\na very pretty town, and is situated in a community not\\nsurpassed by any in the State for intelligence, refinement,\\nand general morality. Butler, in Taylor County, is a\\nthriving little town. At Talbotton, in Talbot County,\\nabout twelve miles from the railroad, is the Collingsworth\\nInstitute, a college for young ladies.\\nOn the railroad between Macon and Atlanta are several\\ngrowing towns. At Forsyth is an excellent collegiate in-\\nstitute for young ladies. Forsyth is the county seat of\\nMonroe. In this county are the Falls of the Towaliga.\\nThe river in its descent is divided by a ledge of rock and\\nforms two precipitous falls for a distance of fifty feet.\\nBarnesville, in Pike County, is a flourishing town of\\nnearly one thousand inhabitants. It has considerable\\ntrade, and is connected by a branch railroad with Thom-\\naston, the county seat of Upson, a place of about seven\\nhundred inhabitants.\\nGriffin, in Spalding County, is a thriving and hand-\\nsome little city of nearly four thousand inhabitants, sur-\\nrounded by a prosperous agricultural country. This place\\nenjoys excellent educational and religious advantages, and\\nthe society is of the very best. Jonesborough, a thriving\\ntown in Clayton County, is noted for being the scene of\\ntwo desperate battles in the summer of 1864. On the 25th\\nof August of that year. General Sherman, tired of the dead-\\nlock around Atlanta, and having resolved to make an at-\\ntempt to flank Hood out of that city, commenced a move-\\nment which ended in placing his \u00c2\u00a3#my along the line\\nof the Macon Road, near Jonesborough. General Hood,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "WEST POINT. 85\\nfeeling the necessity of checking this movement, marched\\nout from Atlanta with the corps of Hardee and S. D. Lee,\\nand on the 31st of August assaulted the Federal position,\\nbut was at last repulsed. After this repulse. General Hood,\\nthinking no other course was left him, moved back to\\nAtlanta, leaving Hardee with only one corps to hold the\\nworks at Jonesborough, while he made preparations to\\nabandon the city and concentrate his army at some point\\nnearer Macon.\\nOn the I St of September, General Hardee, with his\\nsingle corps, resisted six corps of the Federal army from\\nnoon until dark, and, although his line was at one time\\npierced and eight of his cannon captured, he succeeded\\nin holding his position until night ended the contest. By\\nthis gallant stand General Hardee secured the safe with-\\ndrawal of the Confederate army from Atlanta.\\nThe other important towns of this section of Georgia\\nnot previously mentioned are Newnan, La Grange, and\\nWest Point, on the Atlanta and West Point Railroad.\\nNewnan and La Grange have each a population of two\\nthousand, and West Point numbers about fifteen hundred\\ninhabitants. The schools of La Grange have for many\\nyears been highly celebrated. West Point is on both sides\\nof the Chattahoochee. The two parts of the town are\\nunited by a bridge five hundred and fifty feet long. It\\nis also connected by rail with the city of Montgomery,\\nin Alabama. Near West Point is a flourishing cotton-\\nfactory.\\nAt Newnan, in the summer of 1864, occurred a fierce\\ncavalry battle, in which the Federal General McCook,\\nwith a force of five thousand strong, was defeated with\\ngreat loss.\\nWest Point was- also the scene of a gallant but unsuc-\\ncessful fight in the spring of 1865, in which General R. C.\\n8", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "S6 GEORGIA.\\nTyler, with a small body of citizens, aided by a few troops,\\nvainly attempted to stay the advance of General Wilson s\\nlarge body of cavalry.\\nAH this section of country suffered heavily by the war,\\nbut the people have labored zealously to repair their losses,\\nand already there are to be seen the evidences of in-\\ncreasing prosperity.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VL\\nSavannah and the Georgia Coast Incidents connected with Colonial\\nand Revolutionary History Fort McAllister.\\nSavannah is like no other city in the Union. Few\\ncities are more attractive, and the oftener one visits the\\nplace the better will he like it. With its many beautiful\\nlittle parks and neat residences, it has an air of elegant\\ncomfort and refinement, of peace and quiet, well calcu-\\nlated to charm the stranger and make him feel, surely\\nthis must be a delightful retreat from the din and con-\\nfusion of larger and more bustling cities.\\nThe favorite promenade of the citizens is out Bull\\nStreet to Forsyth Park. Starting from the Pulaski Hotel,\\none passes through five little parks or squares, each\\nadorned with either a monument, a fountain, or a mound.\\nIn Johnston Square, facing on one side tlie Pulaski House\\nand on the other the Scriven House, stands a neat\\nmarble obelisk to the memory of General Nathaniel\\nGreene. In Monterey Square stands another and very\\nelegant monument in honor of Count Pulaski, who gave\\nup his life in defence of American liberty on the 9th of\\nOctober, 1779, when the combined French and American\\narmies made their desperate assault upon the British forti-\\nfications at Savannah in a gallant but fruitless effort to\\nrescue the city from the grasp of the invader.\\nForsyth Park, with its beautifiil fountain, its shell walks\\nbordering grassy lawns and shaded by trees, whose foliage\\nis ever green, thronged on pleasant afternoons by troops\\n87", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "SA VANNAH.\\n89\\nof frolicsome children, is a delightful resort. In the new\\nportion of the park stands a noble Confederate monu-\\nPULASKI MONUMENT.\\nment, a most beautiful tribute to the valiant and heroic\\ndead.\\nThe promenade up Bull Street is not the only delight-\\nful walk in Savannah. Most of the streets leading out\\nfrom Bay are adorned with handsome residences and\\npretty parks. There are twenty-four of these little parks\\nor squares in Savannah, and they constitute the favorite\\nplay-grounds for the children. Savannah has of late\\nyears become quite a favorite winter resort for tourists\\n8*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "go GEORGIA.\\nfrom the North. Many of them prefer it to Florida, and,\\nstaying but a short while in the Land of Flowers, return\\nFOUNTAIN IN FORSYTH I ARK.\\nto the lovely Forest City to spend the remainder of the\\nwinter. Some of the parks in Savannah are ornamented\\nwith banana-trees, and several of the gardens with orange-\\ntrees. Among the flowers the most beautiful is the\\nCamellia Japonica, which here blooms in midwinter in", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "SA VANNAH.\\n91\\nthe open air. But its beauty is not all that Savannah\\nboasts. It is the chief commercial emporium of Georgia,\\nand one of the most important cities of the South. In\\nCONFEDERATE MONUMENT IN PARK EXTENSION, SAVANNAH.\\ni86o the population was twenty-two thousand; by 1870\\nit had increased to twenty-eight thousand. During the\\nsame period its export trade had increased from seventeen\\nmillion dollars to fifty-eight million dollars. Its yearly\\nreceipts of cotton average between six and seven hundred\\nthousand bales. It has railroad communication with all\\nparts of the country, and has an extensive foreign and\\ndomestic commerce, ranking as the second cotton port\\nin the United States. In the value of its exports it stands", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "92\\nGEORGIA.\\nthird in the Union. It has steamship lines to New York,\\nPhiladelphia, Baltimore, Boston, Providence, Charleston,\\nFlorida, and also to Nassau, in the Bahamas. During\\nthe cotton season, steamships from England, Germany,\\nand Spain visit the port and carry off vast loads of the\\nfleecy staple. Besides the steamships the port is crowded\\nwith all manner of sailing-vessels from all parts of the\\nworld. During the summer vast quantities of melons are\\nshipped here for New York and other Northern markets.\\nThe best steamships plying between this city and New\\nYork are owned in Savannah, by the Ocean Steamship\\nCompany, of which William Wadley is president. It\\nwas from Savannah that the first steamship sailed that\\never crossed the Atlantic. This steamer was called the\\nSavannah, and, though built in New York, was owned\\nin Savannah. It made a successful voyoge to Liverpool,\\nand afterwards to St. Petersburg, in Russia, and was\\neverywhere an object of great curiosity.\\nThe business streets of Savannah are lined with sub-\\nstantial buildings, some of them imposing in appearance.\\nAmong the public buildings of note are the Exchange,\\nCustom-House (built of granite), United States Barracks,\\nPolice Barracks, Chatham Academy, and the new hall of\\nthe Georgia Historical Society. This latter building is\\non the corner of Whitaker and Gaston Streets, facing For-\\nsyth Park. Some of the church buildings are models of\\narchitectural beauty.\\nThe school system of Savannah is unsurpassed by that\\nof any city in the United States. The literary, edu-\\ncational, and benevolent institutions of the city are nu-\\nmerous and well sustained. The Union Society for the\\nbenefit of orphans, and the Female Asylum, are among the\\noldest institutions in this country, having been founded\\nin 1750. Among other benevolent institutions are the", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "SA VANNAH.\\n93\\nAbrams Home for Poor Widows, the Home for Old and\\nIndigent Colored People, the Savannah Poor-House and\\nHospital, and the Marine Hospital. About nine miles\\nCUSTOM-HOUSE, ON BAY STREET.\\nfrom Savannah, at Bethesda, is the Orphan House, estab-\\nlished in the early days of the colony by the Rev. George\\nWhitefield, the companion of those distinguished divines,\\nJohn and Charles Wesley.\\nWe should not, in mentioning the public buildings of\\nSavannah, fail to notice the market-house, which is one\\nof the handsomest in the Union, and cannot be excelled\\nfor comfort and convenience. There are in Savannah\\ntwo foundries, several planing-mills, one cotton-factory,\\ntwo large rice-mills, and three grist- and flour-mills. Both\\nthe Central and Gulf Railroad companies have extensive\\nmachine-shops, at which cars are built. At the Central\\nRailroad shops locomotive engines are also manufactured.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "94\\nGEORGIA.\\nBoth of these railroad companies have wharves of their\\nown, down to which their freight-cars run and unload\\ntheir burdens directly into the ships. On Hutchinson s\\nIsland, opposite the city, there is a marine railway, and\\nalso a dry-dock.\\nSavannah is well supplied with suburban retreats.\\nThunderbolt, Greenwich, White Bluff, Isle of Hope,\\nMontgomery, and Beaulieu are all pleasant places of re-\\nsort, and are brought within convenient reach of the\\ncitizens by lines of railway connecting with the cars of\\nthe street railroads.\\nOn Tybee Island, at the mouth of the Savannah River,\\na new hotel has been erected which adds to the comfgrt\\nof this favorite summer resort. Between three and four\\nmiles from the city is Boiiaventure Cemetery, which is\\nreached either by a pleasant drive on the Shell Road or\\nby a few minutes ride on the Coast-Line Railway. The\\navenue of great live-oaks, festooned with gray moss,\\ngives to this place an air of solemn grandeur well befitting\\nthe final resting-place of the dead. This cemetery de-\\nrives its name from the original tract of which it formed\\na part, and which was first settled about the year 1760 by\\nColonel John Mulryne, an Englishman. By the mar-\\nriage of his daughter Mary, in 1761, to Josiah Tatnall, of\\nCharleston, it came into possession of the latter family,\\nand here Governor Tatnall, of Georgia, was born, in\\n1765. This marriage is said to have been the occasion of\\nplanting the great oaks which now constitute the chief\\nornament of the spot. In 1847 t:he estate passed into the\\nhands of Captain P. Wiltberger, and was by him adapted\\nto its present use.\\nNearer the city is Laurel Grove Cemetery, the prin-\\ncipal burying-place for the citizens of Savannah. This\\ncemetery contains some handsome monuments and vaults.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "SA VANNAH.\\n95\\nAbout two miles from Savannah is the Jasper Spring, the\\nscene of one of the daring exploits of the heroic Sergeant\\nAVENUE IN BONAVENTURE CEMETERY.\\nJasper, of Revolutionary fame. Here the brave sergeant,\\nassisted by another gallant soldier, Sergeant Newton, res-\\ncued from a British guard an American prisoner who was\\nbeing carried to Savannah for execution. On the same\\nday on which the noble Count Pulaski yielded up his life\\nin the cause of American freedom. Sergeant Jasper re-\\nceived his mortal wound. To Major Horry, who called\\nto see him, as he lay dying, he said (referring to his ex-\\nploit at the spring), Should you ever see Jones, his wife", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "c,6 GEORGIA.\\nand son, tell them that Jasper is gone, but that the remem-\\nbrance of that battle which he fought for them brought\\na secret joy into his heart when it was about to stop its\\nmotion forever.\\nSavannah has always been one of the most patriotic of\\nAmerican cities. She bore her full share of the disasters\\nand glories of the War of Independence, and during the\\nlate war between the States her sons were among the fore-\\nmost to respond to the call of their native State, and\\nranked among the bravest and the best. Fort Pulaski, on\\nCockspur Island, was, during the War of Secession, the\\nscene of a brave but vain defence by a Savannah garrison,\\ncommanded by Colonel Olmstead. About sixteen miles\\nbelow Savannah, on the Ogeechee River, stands Fort\\nMcAllister, which, during the same great struggle, re-\\npulsed several attacks of the Federal fleet. When Sher-\\nman appeared before the city in December, 1864, this\\nfort was held by a garrison of only one hundred and fifty\\nmen, commanded by Major George W. Anderson. The\\nsecond division of the Fifteenth Army Corps, consisting\\nof seventeen regiments, under the command of Brigadier-\\nGeneral Hazen, was, on the morning of the 13th of De-\\ncember, ordered to capture the fort. This was done after\\na sharp fight, in which the assaulting column of nine regi-\\nments, numbering between three and four thousand men,\\nsuffered a loss of one hundred and thirty-four officers and\\nmen killed and wounded, while the total loss of the de-\\nfenders w3s forty-eight. The greatest compliment that\\ncould be paid the brave garrison is contained in the words\\nof the Federal general who made the assault We fought\\nthe garrison through the fort to their bomb-proofs, from\\nwhich they still fought, and only succumbed as each man\\nwas individually overpowered.\\nOn the banks of the Ogeechee River are situated some", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "BRUNSWICK.\\n97\\nof the largest rice plantations in Georgia. This is one of\\nthe great staples of the State, in the production of which\\nGeorgia is second only to South Carolina. According to\\nthe census of 1870, the production of rice in Georgia\\namounted to twenty-two million two hundred and seventy-\\nseven thousand three hundred and eighty pounds. A\\ncanal connects the Ogeechee River with Savannah.\\nAt Sunbury, farther down the coast, is an excellent\\nharbor. Here we may see the old Sunbury Fort, and have\\na fine view of St. Catherine s Sound.\\nAt the mouth of the Altamaha, one of the largest rivers\\nof Georgia, is situated the town of Darien, which carries\\non a large trade in lumber and timber. Some distance\\nfrom the town the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad crosses the\\nAltamaha upon a substantial lattice-bridge of four spans,\\nformed upon brick pieces slifticiently high for steamers to\\npass below. The swamp near by abounds in cypress and\\noak. The cypress is manufactured into shingles, and\\nshipped to Savannah, Macon, and Northern ports; and\\nlarge quantities of oak staves are exported to France and\\nSpain. In Darien and vicinity are several large saw-\\nmills.\\nBrunswick, the capital of Glynn County, situated on\\nthe east bank of the Turtle River, is a growing little\\ncity of about twenty-five hundred inhabitants. It stands\\nupon a beautiful bluff of ..white sand, elevated from eight\\nto twelve feet above high water, and extending up and\\ndown the river for upwards of two miles. Brunswick is\\nconnected by rail with both Savannah and Macon. Along\\nthe coast of Glynn County are several islands, of which St.\\nSimon s is the most celebrated. On this island are the\\nruins of the old town of Frederica, laid out by General\\nOglethorpe and settled in 1739. It was named in honor\\nof Frederick, Prince of Wales, and only son of George\\nE 9", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "98 GEORGIA.\\nII. It was laid out with wide streets crossing one\\nanother at right angles and planted with rows of orange-\\ntrees. This place was the favorite residence of General\\nOglethorpe, and figures considerably in the early history\\nof Georgia. In 1 742 the Spaniards landed on this island\\na force of about three thousand men. Oglethorpe had\\nonly about eight hundred men with whom to oppose the\\ninvaders, but by a skilful stratagem he alarmed the Span-\\niards and caused them to take to their ships. While the\\nenemy were on the island there occurred an engage-\\nment between a large body of their troops and a por-\\ntion of Oglethorpe s regiment, in which the Spaniards\\nwere defeated with such slaughter that the scene of\\nthe conflict has ever since been known as the Bloody\\nMarsh.\\nThe most southern town on the coast of Georgia is St.\\nMary s, beautifully situated on the north side of the river\\nof the same name, nine miles from the ocean. Its harbor\\nis accessible to the largest vessels, and the town has con-\\nsiderable trade. The saw-mills are kept busy all the time,\\nand give to the place quite an air of thrift. In the winter\\nseason the town is thronged with Northern visitors, who\\nfind comfortable quarters at the Spencer House and at\\nOrange Hall. The latter place is embowered with orange-\\ntrees laden in their season with golden fruit, and also\\nwith sycamore and wild olive-irees, clad in a foliage of\\nperpetual green. In full view of St. Mary s, on Cumber-\\nland Island, is Dungeness, formerly the home of the\\nRevolutionary hero. General Nathaniel Greene. Here\\nrepose the remains of Light-Horse H^rry Lee, the\\ngallant commander of Greene s cavalry during the cam-\\npaigns in the Carolinas, and the father of General Robert\\nE. Lee, the illustrious commander of the Southern armies\\nin Virginia in the war between the States.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "CUMBERLAND ISLAND.\\nCumberland is the most southern of the numerous\\nislands that skirt the Georgia coast. All of these islands\\nproduce the celebrated sea-island cotton, which is so\\nhighly valued for its superior quality.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VII.\\nSouthern Georgia Atlantic and Gulf Railroad and Connections.\\nOne of the most important railroads of Georgia is the\\nAtlantic and Gulf, extending from Savannah to Bain-\\nbridge, in the extreme southwestern portion of the State.\\nOn this road is the finest lumber region of the State.\\nThrough this section are many large saw-mills, and the\\nlumber interest, which is constantly increasing in impor-\\ntance, adds greatly to the revenues of the road. The\\nshipments of lumber over the road increased, from 1866\\nto 1872, from eight million to forty-six million feet. There\\nare several flourishing towns on the road. Blackshear, in\\nPierce County, eighty-six miles from Savannah, has about\\none thousand inhabitants. It has good churches and\\nschools. Situated in the great pine belt of Georgia, the\\nclimate is delightful for eight months of the year. The\\ncitizens claim that it surpasses either Aiken or Eastman\\nas a resort for invalids. Lands can be bought for twenty-\\nfive cents per acre within five miles of the town. The\\nlargest town on the road between Savannah and Thomas-\\nville is Valdosta, the county-seat of Lowndes, a thriving\\nand growing place of nearly two thousand inhabitants.\\nIt contains several mills, two good hotels, five white and\\ntwo negro churches, and has considerable trade, shipping\\nyearly about six thousand bales of cotton. West of Val-\\ndosta there is a great natural curiosity, a small river, the\\nWithlacoochee, which enters a cave and disappears. At\\nOcean Pond and Long Pond (from three to five miles in ex-\\ntent) one may enjoy the best fresh-water fishing in Georgia.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "QUITMAN. lOi\\nFrom a small guide to Florida, published in 1874 by\\nCatlin Lydecker, New York, I have taken the liberty\\nof making the following extract\\nFrom Valdosta westward to Thomas ville the road\\npasses through a region which perhaps offers more induce-\\nments to immigration than any other part of Southern\\nGeorgia. It is a rolling country, well watered and thickly\\nwooded with yellow pine and other timber. There are\\nmany thrifty farmers engaged in planting cotton, corn,\\nand sugar-cane, and in raising stock for the Savannah\\nmarket. In summer, the southerly winds are cooled in\\npassing over the Gulf of Mexico, and the nights are always\\npleasant. Cases of malarial disease are rare, and mosqui-\\ntoes are almost unknown. In short, there is no other\\npart of the Southern country possessing the same advan-\\ntages of climate, soil, and productions, of health, prox-\\nimity to schools, churches, and centres of trade, where\\nland can be purchased at as small a price as in this\\nvicinity.\\nThe next town of importance is Quitman, with a popu-\\nlation of about fifteen hundred. This town is the county-\\nseat of Brooks, a fertile county, which contains ten water\\nand six steam saw-mills. In Quitman there are a cotton and\\nwool factory, with a capital of seventy-five thousand dollars,\\ntwo carriage-manufactories, five churches, thirty stores,\\nmostly of brick, and three large schools, the Lovick Pierce\\nCollege, Quitman Academy, and the Howard Institute,\\nthe latter being for the education of negroes. This town\\nwas laid out in i860. Four miles from the town are some\\nsulphur springs. In this county is a cave called the Devil s\\nHopper. Near Dixie Station is a large sheet of water\\ncalled Dry Lake, into which three streams empty and\\nshow no outlet again.\\nAt Boston, a flourishing little village, are several steam\\n9*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "I02 GEORGIA.\\nsaw-mills. This place is the proposed terminus of a rail-\\nroad tjo St. Mary s, and another to Greenfield.\\nThomasville, two hundred miles from Savannah, the\\ncounty-seat of Thomas County, is the centre of a thriv-\\ning trade, and one of the most important towns of South-\\nern Georgia. From this point there were shipped, in 1876,\\nmore than twelve thousand bales of cotton. There are\\nin Thomasville five saw-mills, a foundry, and a tannery.\\nThere are Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Episcopal,\\nand Roman Catholic churches. Two newspapers are\\npublished here, the Southern Enterprise and Thomasville\\nTimes. Here every year the South Georgia Agricultural\\nand Mechanical Association holds its fair, continuing five\\ndays. The country around Thomasville is well settled,\\nand cultivated with cotton and sugar. Near the town,\\na Swiss colony is successfully engaged in the grape-cul-\\nture. Thomasville is quite a favorite resort for Northern\\ninvalids on account of its dry and healthy climate. The\\nstreets are wide, and shaded with evergreens. The popu-\\nlation numbers between two and three thousand. There\\nare two collegiate institutions. Young Female College,\\nand Fletcher Institute, a high-grade male school.\\nWhigham, about half-way between Thomasville and\\nBainbridge, is pleasantly situated on high, rolling ground,\\nand remarkably free from the malarial diseases which\\ninfest many localities in the Southern country. A never-\\nfailing spring, equal in its character to the water of the\\nhill country, is near the depot, discharging daily ten\\nthousand gallons of pure, cold, freestone water. The\\nland around is well adapted to agricultural purposes, and\\nis unsurpassed as a fruit-growing section. Not far from\\nWhigham is a great natural curiosity, called the Blowing\\nCave. Through an opening in the earth, having a\\ndiameter of nearly twelve inches, there is always passing", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "ALBANY. 103\\na Strong current of air. During the first part of the day\\nthe air escapes from the opening, but in the afternoon\\nthe direction of the current is reversed, and the air is\\ndrawn into the opening with such force as to take in with\\nit a handkerchief, or any h ght body.\\nBainbridge, the chief town of Decatur County, the\\nwestern terminus of the road, is two hundred and thirty-\\nsix miles from Savannah, on the Flint River. This is a\\ngrowing town of fifteen hundred inhabitants, and con-\\ntains a cotton-factory, two steam saw-mills, and two\\nnewspapers. The Southern Sun 2XiA The Argus. Steamboats\\nmake semi-weekly trips to Columbus, Georgia, on the Chat-\\ntahoochee, and to Appalachicola, Florida, on the Gulf of\\nMexico. The annual shipments of cotton are eleven thou-\\nsand bales. The steamers bring here about sixteen thou-\\nsand bales per annum, to be shipped by rail to Savannah.\\nBainbridge is also the proposed terminus of a narrow-\\ngauge railroad to Cuthbert and Columbus. On the\\nAlbany branch of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad, which\\nextends from Thomasville to Albany, is Camilla, a new\\ntown of about four hundred inhabitants. In this place\\nare several steam saw-mills and two corn-mills. From\\nthence to Albany the road runs near the east bank of the\\nFlint River, passing through some of the largest and most\\nfertile cotton plantations of the State.\\nAlbany is the terminus of four railroads, the Albany\\nbranch of the Atlantic and Gulf, the Brunswick and Al-\\nbany, the Southwestern from Macon, and a new road to\\nBlakely, in Early County. Albany is the county-seat of\\nDougherty, and is a prosperous and growing place of\\ntwenty-five hundred inhabitants. It boasts a number of\\nmills and foundries, seven churches, two newspapers, and\\ntwo hotels. From this town were shipped in 1876 thir-\\nteen thousand bales of cotton.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "I04\\nGEORGIA.\\nOn the railroad from Albany to Macon is situated, in\\nSumter County, the prosperous little city of Americus,\\nhaving a population of thirty-five hundred, and surrounded\\nby a fertile country. This is a pretty city, with a refined\\nand intelligent population. In Sumter County there are\\neight grain-mills and four saw-mills.\\nOn a branch of the Southwestern Railroad are the\\ntowns of Dawson and Cuthbert, the former having a popu-\\nlation of eleven hundred, and the latter of about twenty-\\nfive hundred. From Cuthbert there are two short rail-\\nroads, one to Georgetown, the other to Fort Gaines, each\\nof which places is situated on the Chattahoochee River.\\nGeorgetown is opposite the flourishing little city of Eu-\\nfaula, in Alabama. Twelve miles northwest of Fort\\nGaines are Pataula Falls. Factories to any extent could\\nbe established at these falls.\\nAll this section of country offers to the immigrant, in\\naddition to its soil and climate, every advantage, social,\\neducational, and religious.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VIII.\\nEducation in Georgia.\\nFrom the earliest history of Georgia her people have\\nbeen alive to the educational interests of the State.\\nPrevious to the war there was no system of public\\nschools in the State but they were not needed. Private\\nschools and academies were numerous, and the greater\\npart of the people were able to educate their children,\\nwhile the instruction of the children of the poor was pro-\\nvided for by appropriations made by the State Legislature.\\nJust before the war, steps were taken for the establishment\\nof a system of public schools. In some of the cities\\nthere were flourishing free schools many years before the\\nwar.\\nImmediately after the War of the Revolution the Legis-\\nlature of Georgia took measures for establishing a State\\nuniversity. In November, 1801, the site of the Univer-\\nsity of Georgia was selected, and seven hundred acres of\\nland, on which the flourishing city of Athens is now prin-\\ncipally located, were sold off in lots for the benefit of the\\ncollege. The first commencement took place in May,\\n1804, on the present college campus, under an arbor\\nformed of the branches of trees.\\nThe university has now five departments, thirteen pro-\\nfessors, and two hundred students. These are exclusive\\nof the medical department, located at Augusta, having\\nsixty students, and the North Georgia Agricultural Col-\\nlege, at Dahlonegah, with nearly two hundred and fifty\\nE* 105", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "iq6 GEORGIA.\\npupils. In the last-named institution tuition is entirely\\nfree.\\nThe college proper at Athens (Franklin College) ad-\\nmits fifty meritorious young men of limited means\\nwithout charge, and also young men studying for the min-\\nistry of any denomination who stand in need of such aid.\\nThe total value of the property of the university is\\ntwo hundred and twenty-eight thousand dollars. There\\nare over thirteen thousand volumes in the college library\\nalso about one thousand volumes in the Gilmer Library,\\nbequeathed by Hon. George R. Gilmer, for four years\\ngovernor of the State. The two literary societies of the\\ncollege have also fine libraries, each containing over three\\nthousand volumes.\\nThe university has an endowment of one hundred\\nand twenty-eight thousand three hundred and fifty dol-\\nlars, besides the special endowment of the State Col-\\nlege of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, which has an\\nendowment derived from the sale of the agricultural land\\nscrip, donated to the State by Congress. This donation\\namounts to two hundred and forty-two thousand two\\nhundred and two dollars. Including this, the total en-\\ndowment of the university is three hundred and seventy\\nthousand five hundred and fifty-two dollars. The State\\nCollege of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts has provided\\nfor the free education of as many young men, residents\\nof the State, as there are members of the Georgia Legis-\\nlature. There are three departments of study in this\\nagricultural college, viz., agricultural, engineering, and\\napplied chemistry. There is also a law school at Athens\\nconnected with the University.\\nMercer University, a college of the Baptist denomina-\\ntion, is located at Macon, Georgia. It was opened for\\nthe admission of students in 1838, and until 1870 was", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "EDUCATION IN GEORGIA. 107\\nlocated at the village of Penfield, in Greene County.\\nThe present building and grounds cost one hundred and\\nfifty thousand dollars. Two other large buildings are yet\\nto be constructed. The university has an endowment\\nof one hundred and sixty thousand dollars. There are\\nabout six thousand volumes in the college library, and\\nabout the same number in the libraries of the two literary\\nsocieties. Besides the regular college course there are\\nconnected with this institution a law and a theological\\nschool. The number of students at present is about one\\nhundred and thirty-five. Since the establishment of the\\ncollege, in 1838, about three hundred and ninety have\\ngraduated. Connected with the university are Mercer\\nHigh School, at Penfield, with one hundred and twenty\\nstudents, and Crawford High School, at Dalton, having\\none hundred and twenty-five students. Both of these are\\nschools of high order.\\nEmory College, at Oxford, in Newton County, which\\nis the joint property of the North Georgia, South Georgia,\\nand Florida Conferences of the Methodist Episcopal\\nChurch South, was chartered December 29, 1836. The\\nfirst class graduated in 1841. The college buildings are\\nneat and commodious. This institution has an able fac-\\nulty. It has a valuable college apparatus, and several\\nthousand volumes in the library. The literary societies\\nhave also valuable libraries, containing in all between five\\nand six thousand volumes. There is also a first-class pre-\\nparatory school connected with the college. The present\\nnumber of students in the college is one hundred and\\nfifty-six. Up to this time five hundred and ninety have\\ngraduated, many of whom hold prominent positions both\\nin church and state. Vigorous efforts are being made to\\ngive to this college an endowment worthy of its past and\\npresent services in the cause of education and religion.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "io8 GEORGIA.\\nThe Wesleyan Female College, at Macon, claims for\\nitself the honor of being the first female college in the\\nworld. It is the property of the Methodist denomina-\\ntion. It is well supplied with all the necessary buildings\\nand apparatus. It has a president and seven professors,\\nbesides several other teachers and assistants. It has in\\nthe college and preparatory classes two hundred and four\\nstudents, and is undoubtedly one of the finest institutions\\nin the Union. It was chartered December lo, 1836.\\nThe college was built by general subscription, Methodist\\nministers acting as agents for the collection of necessary\\nfunds. In 1845 mortgage of ten thousand dollars against\\nthe college was paid off by James A. Everett, of Houston\\nCounty, who presented the college to the Georgia Con-\\nference of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. The\\nfirst class graduated in 1840, since which time the degree\\nof A.B. has been conferred on six hundred and seventy-\\neight, and that of A.M. on four hundred and two of its\\ngraduates.\\nThe Southern Masonic Female College, at Covington,\\nwas first erected for a female school of high grade by the\\ncitizens of the place in 185 1. It became the property of\\nthe Grand Lodge of the Masonic fraternity in Georgia,\\nin 1852, and was procured for the purpose of educating\\nthe female orphans of Masons. It has about ninety stu-\\ndents, and has graduated up to this time three hundred\\nand fifty.\\nThe Pio Nono College, located at Macon, is a Catholic\\ninstitution, established mainly by the efforts of Right Rev.\\nWilliam H. Gross, Bishop of Savannah. The college\\nbuilding is of brick, and cost fifty thousand dollars.\\nDuring the term ending June, 1876, there were eighty-six\\nscholars.\\nThe Atlanta University, for the education of negroes", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "EDUCATION IN GEORGIA. 109\\nin Georgia and the adjoining States, was established by\\nthe Freedmen s Bureau and various Northern aid societies,\\nthe chief of which was the American Missionary Associa-\\ntion.\\nThe Georgia Legislature donates to this institution eight\\nthousand dollars per annum. During the last year there\\nwere in attendance two hundred and forty pupils.\\nIn addition to the colleges already mentioned there are\\nin Georgia the following institutions of learning, viz.\\nRome Female College, at Rome Cherokee Baptist Fe-\\nmale College, at Rome Houston Female College, at\\nPerry Martin Institute, at Jefferson Conyers Female\\nCollege, at Conyers Collingsworth Institute also the\\nLevert Female College, at Talbotton Young Female\\nCollege, at Thomasville Southern Female College, at\\nLa Grange La Grange Female College, at La Grange\\nWest Point Female College, at West Point Dalton Fe-\\nmale College, at Dalton.\\nThe Georgia Academy for the Blind, at Macon, was\\nopened in July, 1851. Since then one hundred and forty-\\nfive pupils have been admitted. The Georgia Institute for\\nthe Education of the Deaf and Dumb was founded at\\nCave Spring, not far from Rome, in May, 1846. The\\nwhole number of pupils received up to this time is two\\nhundred and fifty-three. Both of these last-named insti-\\ntutions are in a flourishing condition.\\nIn regard to the common schools of Georgia, we cannot\\ndo better than to give the following extract from the mes-\\nsage of Governor Smith to the Legislature in January,\\n1877:\\nA brief resume of the history of popular education\\nsince my entry on the duties of the executive office, may\\nnot be out of place in this, my last annual communication\\nto the general assembly. Our system of common schools,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "no GEORGIA.\\nalthough organized at an earlier day, did not really go\\ninto effect until the year 1873. common\\nschool commissioner, and a tax for the support of schools\\nhad been levied and collected. Schools had been put\\ninto operation in some of the counties, and teachers em-\\nployed but at the close of the year 1871 there existed\\na school debt in various counties of the State amounting\\nto more than three hundred thousand dollars. This debt\\nwas due to school officers and teachers, for services ren-\\ndered by them to that date. The school fund, which\\namounted October i, 1871, to ^^327,083.09, had been, in\\nviolation of the Constitution of the State, diverted from\\nits lawful object, and appropriated to the payment of legis-\\nlative and other expenses of the government. While\\nteachers and school officers clamored for their pay, there\\nwas nothing to the credit of the school fund in the treas-\\nury. Almost universal distrust of the system itself pre-\\nvailed, and it was feared that it had received a fatal blow\\nin the very first years of its existence.\\nFrom the lack of means to pay the teachers, no\\nschools were taught in the year 1872, and the commis-\\nsioner devoted his attention to systematizing the work\\nunder the law passed in August that year. Not only the ac-\\ncumulated debts had to be paid, but it was also necessary to\\nraise funds to revive and re-establish schools. The legis-\\nlature of 1872 provided that a tax should be levied to raise\\nmoney to pay the claims of teachers and school officials.\\nUnder the operation -of this law one hundred and sev-\\nenty-four thousand dollars was raised and paid to claim-\\nants, and by other legislation, since adopted, these local\\ndebts have been almost entirely extinguished. In the\\nyear 1873 schools were again put in operation, and have\\nincreased in number until every county of the State has\\nits school organization. Means for the support of schools", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "EDUCATION IN GEORGIA. m\\nare regularly and punctually supplied, and no well-founded\\nclaim upon the school fund, in any county in the State,\\nremains unsatisfied.\\nWhile these facts are most gratifying, the increased\\ninterest and confidence in the system are forcibly exhib-\\nited by the following figures, taken from the Commis-\\nsioner s Report\\nSchool aUendance in 1871 was, whites 42,914\\ncolored 6,664\\nTotal 49.578\\nThe attendance in 1873 was, whites 63,922\\ncolored 19.755\\nTotal 83,677\\nAttendance in 1874 was, whites 93.167\\ncolored 42,374\\nTotal 145.541\\nAttendance in 1875 was, whites 105,990\\ncolored 50.359\\nTotal 156,349\\nAttendance in 1876 was, whites 121,418\\ncolored 57.987\\nTotal 179,405\\nIncrease of attendance over that of 1875 23,011\\n^The amount of money raised for the support of the\\nschool system, since my induction to office, is as follows\\nAm t raised under Act of 1872, for paym t of school debts\\nof 1871 ^174,000\\nAmount apportioned for support of schools in 1873\\n1874\\nAm t apport n d and p d for 1875\\n1876\\nTotal\\n250,000\\n265,000\\n291,319\\n291,319\\n$1,271,638", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "1 1 2 GEORGIA.\\nIt is but due to certain communities in this State to\\nadd that, with a public spirit most praiseworthy, the above\\nsum has been supplemented by annual local city and county\\nappropriations, to the amount of between one hundred\\nand forty thousand and one hundred and fifty thousand\\ndollars.\\nDuring the year just closed, Professor Orr, the State\\nSchool Commissioner, reports the attendance on the public\\nschools to be in round numbers two hundred thousand.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IX.\\nReligious Denominations in Georgia.\\nWhen Oglethorpe and the first settlers, on the ist of\\nFebruary, 1733, landed at the bluff where now stands the\\ncity of Savannah, they were accompanied by Dr. Henry\\nHerbert, an Episcopal clergyman. In March, 1734, a\\nbody of Salzburgers (Lutherans), from Germany, landed\\nat Savannah. They settled at Ebenezer, in Effingham\\nCounty, and there built the first Lutheran church in\\nGeorgia. The first pastor of this church was the Rev.\\nJohn Martin Bolzius.\\nRev. Henry Herbert, at Savannah, was followed by\\nRev. Samuel Quincy, who was followed by John Wesley,\\nin 1736, and George Whitefield, in 1738. Charles Wes-\\nley accompanied his brother John to Georgia. The two\\nWesleys and Whitefield are renowned as the founders of\\nthe powerful and influential body of Christians known as\\nMethodists. In 1755 the trustees surrendered the control\\nof the colony to the crown, and the Church of England\\n(Episcopal) became the established church. Parishes\\nwere formed, in three of which were churches, one in\\nSavannah, one in Augusta, and one in Burke County,\\nthen known as the Parish of St. George. Outside of\\nSavannah the churches were supplied with missionaries\\nsent out by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel\\nin Foreign Parts. When the Revolution broke out, the\\nfield was entirely abandoned by the Church of England,\\nand for nearly twenty years after its close there seems to\\nhave been no organized Episcopal church in Georgia.\\n10* 113", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "114\\nGEORGIA.\\nThe first bishop of this church who visited Georgia was\\nBishop Dehon, of South Carolina, who came, in 1815, to\\nconsecrate the new building for Christ Church, in Savan-\\nnah, where he confirmed a class of sixty. This was the\\nfirst confirmation ever held in Georgia. In 1840 the\\nRev. Stephen Elliott was elected the first bishop of the\\ndiocese, which office he held until his death, in 1866.\\nHe was succeeded by Rev. John W. Beckwith, the present\\nbishop, in 1867.\\nThe Lutheran Church, of which we have already made\\nmention, had three churches in 1786, one at Ebenezer,\\none at Goshen, and one in Savannah.\\nAs early as 1735 a colony of Scotch Presbyterians\\nsettled at New Inverness, now Darien, in Mcintosh\\nCounty, at the mouth of the Altamaha River. Their\\npastor was Rev. John McLeod. The Independent Pres-\\nbyterian Church of Savannah was organized about the\\nyear 1765. The first Presbytery was held in Wilkes\\nCounty, at Liberty Church, March 16, 1797. The\\nnames of the ministers constituting it were John New-\\nton, John Springer, Robert M. Cunningham, Moses\\nWaddell, and William Montgomery. The Synod of\\nGeorgia now embraces five Presbyteries, extending all\\nover the State.\\nWe have already mentioned that John Wesley, the\\nfounder of Methodism, came to Georgia, accompanied\\nby his brother Charles, as early as 1736, and that he was\\nfollowed by George Whitefield in 1738. This may prop-\\nerly be regarded as the introduction of Methodism into\\nAmerica, though the church of that name was not for-\\nmally established on the Western Continent until many\\nyears afterwards. Mr. Wesley was himself in the habit of\\nreferring to this as the second rise of Methodism.\\nGeorgia, in her infancy, had the ministry of John and", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "REL IGIO US DENOMINA TIONS.\\n5\\nCharles Wesley, Benjamin Ingham, George Whitefield,\\nDelamotte and Cornelius Winter, men whose names are\\nfamiliar as instruments in the establishment of Method-\\nism. The Methodist Church in America was organized\\nin Baltimore, in 1784, on account of the separation of\\nthe colonies from Great Britain. Mr. Wesley, acting in\\naccordance with his views of church polity, decided to\\nordain Dr. Thomas Coke as bishop, who came to America\\nand set apart Rev. Francis Asbury as superintendent or\\nbishop of the Methodist societies in this country. In\\n1785 Methodist ministers entered Georgia at Augusta,\\ncoming from North Carolina and Virginia, and soon after\\nGeorgia was included in the South Carolina Conference.\\nThe first circuit extended from Savannah to Wilkes\\nCounty. Conspicuous among the pioneer preachers of\\nMethodism were James Foster, Thomas Humphries, and\\nJohn Major. Among the early active ministers of this\\ndenomination in Georgia were Hope Hull, John Garvin,\\nStith Mead, and Levi Garretson. As early as 1805 the\\nnow venerable Dr. Lovick Pierce was an active travelling\\npreacher in Georgia. In 1830 the Georgia Conference\\nwas formed, and in 1866 this was divided into the North\\nGeorgia Conference and the South Georgia Conference.\\nThe first Baptist in Georgia, of whom there is any\\naccount, was Nicholas Begewood, in 1757. This gentle-\\nman was an agent of Whitefield s Orphan House, near\\nSavannah. The first Baptist church organized in Georgia\\nwas in 1772, at Kiokee Meeting-House, where Appling,\\nin Columbia County, now stands, under the ministry of\\nRev. Daniel Marshall, at that time the only ordained\\nBaptist minister in Georgia. The Baptist Convention of\\nthe State was organized in 1822, at Powelton, Hancock\\nCounty. Rev. Jesse Mercer was moderator of the first\\nmeeting of the convention. Other prominent ministers", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "Il6 GEORGIA.\\nof this denomination of the early period were Edmund\\nBottsford and Silas Mercer.\\nIn addition to the above-mentioned Protestant denomi-\\nnations, there is another whose members, like the Baptists,\\nhold to immersion as the only method of Christian baptism,\\nbut who refuse to be called by any other name than that\\nof Christians. One of the founders of this sect was the\\npious and learned Alexander Campbell, of Kentucky.\\nAs this denomination has no synod in Georgia, we have\\nnot been able to learn its statistics in full, nor do we\\nknow when or by whom it was first introduced into\\nGeorgia.\\nThe first Cjatholic church established in Georgia was at\\nLocust Grove, in Taliaferro County, seven miles from\\nCrawfordville, by a colony of Catholics from Maryland,\\nin 1 794. Soon after, a number of Catholics, who were\\nrefugees from the terrible massacres of St. Domingo,\\nsettled in Savannah and Augusta, and a priest, who came\\nwith them, went to Locust Grove, and was the first\\nCatholic clergyman that ever officiated in Georgia.\\nGeorgia and the two Carolinas were subject to the see\\nof Baltimore until July 11, 1820, when they were raised\\nto a distinct diocese by the appointment of Dr. John\\nEngland, who was the first bishop of Charleston, with\\nthese three States as his field of operations. There was\\nthen but one church in Georgia, the one in Augusta,\\nthose at Locust Grove and Savannah being without\\npastors. Georgia was made a distinct diocese November\\n10, 1850, and Rev. Dr. Gartland was appointed the first\\nbishop of Savannah. He was succeeded, after his death,\\nby Bishops Barry, Verot, and Persico. The present\\nbishop, Rev. William H. Gross, was appointed on April\\n27, 1873.\\nThe following statistical table of the different Chris-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS.\\n117\\ntian denominations in Georgia will prove interesting and\\ninstructive\\nBAPTIST CHURCH,\\nChurch\\nMembership.\\nSunday-\\nSchools.\\nSunday-School\\nScholars.\\nEducational\\nBuildings.\\nWhite.\\nColored.\\nTotal.\\nInstitutions.\\n2300\\n112,662\\n81,000\\n193.662\\n702\\n31,389\\nI College and 3\\nHigh Schools.\\nMETHODIST CHURCH.\\ni\\nis\\n1\\nX.\\nt\\nPreachers.\\n1\\n1\\n1\\n1\\n1\\n3\\nc:\\nMethodist Episcopal\\nChurch South.\\n1\\n1\\n1.2\\n3\\ns\\nNorth Georgia Con-\\n643\\n406\\n168\\n123\\n425\\n221\\n53,754\\n29,304\\nabout\\n240\\n27,171\\n12,332\\n6 Colleges\\nand 2 Or-\\nphan Homes\\nSouth Georgia Con-\\nTotal\\n1049\\n291\\n646\\n83,058\\n13,752\\nti5,ooo\\n40,153\\n2,500\\n767\\n194\\n39,503\\n8,378\\nColored M. E. Ch ch\\nSet off from the M.E.\\nM. E. Church North\\nAfrican M. E. Ch ch\\nProtestant Method t\\nChurch\\n193\\n101\\n294\\nI College and\\n6 Schools.\\nTotal\\n1242\\n392\\n940\\n154,463\\n961\\n47,881\\nNot ascertained.\\nf Twelve thousand of these members are colored.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "ii8\\nGEORGIA.\\nPRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.\\n1l\\n5|\\n1\\n(h\\nP.\\nMembers.\\nll\\n11\\nWhite.\\nColored.\\nTotal.\\nit\\n146\\n56,000\\n86\\n8403\\n1000\\n9403\\n88\\n5085\\nPROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH.\\nStations. g=- ergymen. Members. g^j^^^j^^\\nScholars.\\n29 iijooo 39 4500 25\\n2613\\nTHE CHRISTIAN CHURCH.*\\nChurch Buildings. Sittings. Preachers.\\nMembers.\\n50 20,000 40\\n5000\\nCATHOLIC CHURCH.\\nChurches. Chapels. Priests. Convents. Orphan Asylums. Members. Colleges.\\nabout\\n25 35 24 6 3 25,000 I\\nLUTHERANS.\\nChurch Organizations.\\nChurch Buildings.\\nu\\n10\\nCONGREGATIONALISTS.\\nChurches. Sittings.\\n10 2800\\nUNIVERSALISTS.\\nChurch Organizations.\\nChurch Edifices.\\n5\\n3\\nSittings.\\n3000\\nSittings.\\n900\\nThis Church in Kentucky and the West is often called Campbellite, though\\nits members repudiate the name.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "REL IGIO US DE NOMINA TIONS.\\n119\\nBesides the different Christian denominations in\\nGeorgia, there are 2620 Israelites, and only three Hebrew\\nministers.\\nThe Catholic Church includes all its people in the\\ncensus of its members; Protestant denominations only\\ntheir communicants. Counting the Protestant population\\nof Georgia in the same way in which the Catholics esti-\\nmate their membership, we would have in round num-\\nbers, of\\nBaptists\\n570,000\\nmembers\\nMethodists\\n450,000\\nPresbyterians\\n28,000\\nEpiscopalians\\n13,000\\nChristian\\n15,000\\nTotal Protestants\\n1 ,076,000\\nThis would leave still a large number claiming no par-\\nticular denomination as their own.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER X.\\nWater- Power of Georgia.\\nNo State in the Union has superior water-power to\\nGeorgia. The State is well supplied with rivers and in-\\nnumerable smaller water-courses. The Savannah, Ogee-\\nchee, Altamaha, Satilla, and St. Mary s, which flow into\\nthe Atlantic Ocean, are all navigable for steamboats and\\nvessels of light draught for distances of from one hundred\\nto four hundred miles. The Oconee and Ocmulgee,\\nwhich by their junction form the Altamaha, are each\\nnavigable for two hundred miles or more. The Flint\\nand Chattahoochee, on the western side of the State,\\nunite in the southwest and form the Appalachicola, which\\nflows through Florida into the Gulf of Mexico. Each\\nof these rivers is navigable for two hundred miles. The\\nEtowah and Oostenaula, in the northwestern portion of\\nthe State, unite at the thriving city of Rome and form\\nthe Coosa, which flows westward into Alabama and forms\\none of the chief branches of the Alabama River. Steam-\\nboats can ascend the Coosa as far as Rome. The cities\\nwhich have been most energetic in using the fine water-\\npower in their vicinity are Augusta and Columbus. The\\nChattahoochee River, from the top of Clapp s Dam to\\nthe boat-landing at Columbus, has about thirty thousand\\nhorse-powers, even at low water. Above this point to\\nHarris County there are probably twelve thousand horse-\\npowers. Besides the Chattahoochee River, there are in\\nMuscogee County several small streams which can be\\n1 20", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEORGIA. 121\\nused to advantage for running light machinery requiring\\nnot more than eighteen horse-power. The available\\nhorse-power of this county is estimated at between forty\\nthousand and fifty thousand. The people of Columbus\\nhave not been slow to improve the great natural advan-\\ntages offered them by the magnificent water-power which\\nthey possess, as may be seen by referring to the chapter\\non Macon and Columbus. The city of Augusta, in Rich-\\nmond County, on the other side of the State and to the\\nnortheast of Columbus, is furnished by its canal with a\\nmagnificent water-power, which the citizens confidently\\nbelieve will at some future day make their city the Lowell\\nof the South. The following sketch of the canal is taken\\nfrom a pamphlet published, in 1875, under the direction\\nof the Board of Managers\\n**The Augusta Canal was projected by a few public-\\nspirited citizens of Augusta, prominent among whom may\\nbe- mentioned the late Colonel H. H. Cumming, the late\\nW. M. D Antignac, and the Hon. John P. King. These\\ngentlemen, with six others, were elected by the City\\nCouncil of Augusta a Board of Commissioners for the\\npurpose of constructing a canal from a point in the\\nSavannah River, about seven miles above, to the city of\\nAugusta, for manufacturing purposes and for the better\\nsecuring an abundant supply of water to the city. The\\nwork was commenced in 1845 completed in the early\\npart of 1847. The dimensions were forty feet surface\\nwidth, twenty feet bottom, and five feet deep, affording\\na total mechanical effect of about six hundred horse-\\npowers. It soon became evident that the canal was too\\nsmall to supply the demand for power, and the increasing\\ndemand for fire, domestic, and other purposes consequent\\nupon the growth of the city. Temporary expedients were\\ndevised and carried into effect from time to time in order", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEORGIA. 123\\nto increase the supply, and after the banks of the canal\\nhad been raised so as to furnish seven feet depth of water,\\nits ultimate capacity was reached, and yet the quantity\\nfurnished was entirely inadequate to supply the demand.\\nUnder these circumstances the enlargement of the canal\\nto its present dimensions was decided upon, and in\\nMarch, 1872, the work was commenced, and is now\\ncompleted. Its dimensions and capacity are as follows\\nLength of main canal, or fiist levels seven miles and\\nincluding second and third levels, nine miles. Minimum\\nwater-way, one hundred and fifty feet at surface, one\\nhundred and six feet at bottom, and eleven feet deep,\\nmaking an area of cross-section of fourteen hundred\\nand eight square feet. The bulkhead, locks, dam, and\\nother structures are composed of stone-masonry formed\\nof granite rock laid up in hydraulic cement mortar, and\\nare of the most substantial character. The area of open-\\nings for the supply of the canal amounts to fourteen hun-\\ndred and sixty-three square feet, and the entire waters\\nof the Savannah River are made available for maintaining\\nthe supply. There are about two hundred and seventy-\\nfive acres of reservoirs, exclusive of the canal proper\\nand the pond above the bulkhead dam. There is a\\nbottom grade or descent in the main canal of one hun-\\ndredth of a foot in one hundred feet, giving a theoretical\\nmean velocity of 2^-^ feet per second, or a mechanical\\neffect under the minimum fall, between X^lvq first and third\\nlevels, or between the first level and the Savannah River\\nbelow Rae s Creek, of upwards of fourteen thousand horse-\\npowers, not including available supply from the surface of\\nthe reservoirs. Of this immense power but nineteen hun-\\ndred horse-powers are contracted for, leaving at least\\ntwelve thousand horse-powers to be disposed of.\\nThe company propose to lease water only from the first", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "124\\nGEORGIA.\\nlevel to Hawk s Gully and the river. On the first level\\nthe company own a distance of nearly a mile. This tract\\nhas been divided into two tiers of water lots, most eligi-\\nbly located for using water. Parallel with the canal, and\\nadjacent thereto, is a street seventy feet wide, including\\nthe towing-path of the canal. Four hundred feet from\\nthis it is proposed to lay out another street parallel\\nthereto, between which and the river there will be a tier\\nof lots, upon which water can be used and discharged\\nwith very little cost directly into the river. The com-\\npany also own on the opposite side of the canal a tract\\nof land extending from the Washington Road nearly to\\nRae s Creek, containing ninety acres, exceedingly well\\nlocated for the erection of dwellings for the use of opera-\\ntives. This land will be sold to lessees of water-power at\\nvery low rates.\\nBy an examination of the table at the end of this\\nchapter, containing a partial list of water-powers in\\nGeorgia, it will be seen that very many of the counties\\nof Georgia, besides Muscogee and Richmond, are blessed\\nwith a splendid water-powder.\\nIn 1872 the Legislature of Georgia passed an act to en-\\ncourage the manufacture of cotton and woollen fabrics in\\nthe State of Georgia by which act it was declared that\\nAny mill or mills within said State for the manufacture\\nof fabrics out of cotton or wool, or both, whether such in-\\nvestment be applied in the establishment of a new factory,\\nor in the extension or enlargement of a now-existing fac-\\ntory, shall be exempt from taxation for State, county,\\nand municipal purposes on the capital so invested, and on\\nany property purchased or erected therewith, intended\\nfor and necessary to such manufacture, for the term of\\nten years from and after the laying of the foundation of\\nthe mills so to be erected.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEORGIA. 125\\nThe annexed Partial List of Water -Powers in Georgia\\nwas prepared by Dr. George Little, the State Geologist,\\nfor the Hand-Bookof Georgia, published under the\\nauspices of Dr. Thomas P. Janes, the State Commissioner\\nof Agriculture.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "126\\nGEORGIA.\\ni\\nK\\nPi\\nWater very low.\\nWater very low\\nlargest spring\\nin county.\\nWater very low.\\nEstimated.\\nVery low.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2paXaAans luoqAV Xg\\nBarrow\\nand Locke\\nLocke.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2lUBaais JO uo!Jipuo3\\nLow water\\nor more.\\nMinimum\\nlow water.\\n-Abp qDB3 JO sjnoq\\nz Sui^JOM pBaq\\nsiqj qi Av uib3j:)s\\nJO J3Avdd SiqBJlBAV\\neg g vS 88 cSSS^Sa\\ndi oo 00 4 t^ 4oo (S 6^^ ci ro\\nN xnvo fOMroo- l-\\nt. Sa,uun/ S 2 cS 8 ^q 28 88.8^5.\\nJO J3Avod iBoijaJOsqx\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2?33J OI JO\\npB3q pauinssB ub\\nJO pB3q a^Buiixojddy\\nlO.OO\\nlO.OO\\nlO.OO\\n6.00\\n6.00\\nlO.OO\\n18.00\\n12.00\\n20.00\\n15.00\\n20.00\\n20.00\\n20.00\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pB3q\\n100J-3U0 JO J3A\\\\.0d\\n-asjoq sjqBjiBAY\\nN lA vd M M M M M Cj\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pB3q\\n500J-3UO JO JSAVOd\\n-asjoq iBonajoaqj,\\n2 ^.c8 s-v8?r?;s\\nfO t^ 00 M N m fj M pi\\nS v8 8 88 S 8 8 8 888\\n-D3S aad ,33j D.qno JT v^ [i 1? SltgS^\\nO 2\\nsi\\no w\\npI|C/2\\nHabersham Line\\nHomer and Mt.\\nAiry Road\\nHomer and Mt.\\nAiry Road\\nGordon Line\\nAdairsville\\nNearAdairsville.\\nMartello s Mill...\\nGordon Line\\nMcCanless and\\nParrott Mill....\\nJohnson s Mill....\\ni\\nHI\\nH\\n(I.\\nO\\nW\\ni\\nfi A\\n\u00c2\u00ab2 S\\npq\\nHudson River\\nBartow County.\\nOothcaloga Creek\\nk\\ni\\nFork of Pine Log\\nC\\np\\ns", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEORGIA.\\n127\\nV-\u00c2\u00ab o\\nv-\u00e2\u0080\u0094- o-\\n5- vg 3-\\n8\\n8\\n888\\n88\\n8\\nvS\\n.8\\n^^g.\\nS.vS\\n8^^\\neg\\nvg\\na\\nM\\nin\\n10\\nM\\n10\\nin\\nTt-\\nt;^\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n888\\n88\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n^88\\n88\\n88\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n\u00c2\u00bbn\\n10 invo\\n00\\nt^\\nN\\nroo\\n(N\\nM\\nN\\nVO\\nro\\nTt-\\nMOO\\nm\\n8^:?^\\nN 00\\nvo M\\nN\\n-4-\\ni-\\nvo\\nvo\\nvo\\nCO\\nIT) ONOO\\nN 0)\\nev)\\nLO\\novo\\n-*-o\\nH\\nn\\nc\\nH\\nt^oo in 10\\n80800 m\\n3\\no\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a25\\nO o.\\n2 E\\nS p 5 6 5\\no =S\\no 6 o\\nS t^ iz;\\n-^(V flj IJ O O\\nU O c\u00c2\u00ab\u00e2\u0080\u0094 3 rt\\n(i,;ziHueq d^ P\\nffis\\n.2^ :i\\nU 4)\\n2 o;^ Si Si;\\n!!!i :i t 1)\\nP5 5^ 2 o ^JJ\\nU\\nu\\nM Cl,\\no", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "128\\nGEORGIA.\\ni\\nu\\nPi\\nMeasurement\\nunsatisfactory.\\nEstimated.\\nEstimated.\\nVery sandy and\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2paXaAjns uioqAv Xg\\nJj j 1\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2IUB34?S JO UOIJipuOO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2c s o -c:\\nII 1 i\\nAvp xpva JO sanoq\\nVz SuiJjJOAV pBaq\\nsiqj qiiiW. uiB3j;s\\nJO J3Avod ajqcjiBAy\\neg 8 eg ^2. ^?s.: 8.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sjnoq\\nfz Suiuuru peaq\\nsjqi qJiA^^ U1E3J1S\\nJO J3Mod [BOijajoaqx\\n8 8 82 3^S v83-;?i S\\ni g^ vd ^00 tirj. 2?ir^: \u00c2\u00abJ\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J33J or JO\\npB3q pauinssB ub\\nJO peaq ajEuiixoaddy\\n8\\n8 8 88 88 8888 8\\nd d d d 6 6 oo 06 d d\\n-peaq\\njooj-auo JO J3Mod\\n-asjoq aiq^iiBAV\\nfo m onm n d h d d\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pBaq\\nJOOJ-3UO JO J3AVOd\\n-asjoq iBopaJoaqx\\nci t^ M cJ d ci d d\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2puo\\n-03S jsd J33J OJqn^\\n8 S,?v8 8S 888ja\\nc) \u00c2\u00abn \u00c2\u00abt-M \\\\d \\\\dMM:\u00c2\u00abn\\nN o M N N\\no w\\n1\\nAbove Watkins s\\nMill\\nOld Cherokee\\nand Carroll\\nLine\\nAbove mouth of\\nBuck Creek\\nSouth of fallal\\npoosa and near\\nBonner s\\nDorris Mill\\nBagley s Mill\\nRomney s Mill...\\nWoolfolk s\\nNear mouth\\nH\\na\\n1-\\npi\\n4\\nWhooping Creek\\nChattahoochee Co.\\nOswitchee Creek\\nWoolfolk s Branch....\\nUpatoi\\nChattooga County.\\nLittle Turtle Creek...", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "WATER- POWER OF GEORGIA.\\n129\\na\u00c2\u00ab\\nBarrow.\\nLocke.\\nCol. Rob-\\ninson,\\nR.M.Co.\\nLocke.\\nbfl\\nc\\nMinimum\\nlow water.\\nLow water.\\nLow spring.\\nLow water.\\nLow spring.\\nLow spring.\\nor more\\nLow spring.\\nLow water.\\n8 8^^ ^S eg a .\u00c2\u00a7fj.o8\\nc\\n8\\n^2\\n8 g\\n601.92\\n79-50\\n268.10\\n502.80\\n234.60\\n5.10\\n8cg 5- 8^vg8\\nO O t^\\nro ro d\\nfa\\nS\\nM\\\\\\n25, X\\njife\\n2 2\u00c2\u00a7\\nU O\\nrt rt r -O -c\\no Ot3\\nc S 8\\nO o U 3\\npa 03\\ncJ5\\n-as\\no\\nbo\\no---a\\ngfa j:-a-\u00c2\u00ab,\\nE o o\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0.u\\nrt o E g-\\n4)\\nri i)\\n.c rt z 2 a o\\nm\\niz;.\\nffi:^;\\nahooc\\ntary\\nter....\\nn Woe\\nhalt\\nribu\\nWa\\notte\\na,\\nCJH Pi\\nO)\\nbO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2c si", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "IJO\\nGEORGIA.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2paXaAjns uioqAv Ag\\nin in\\nCJ fa w\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2uiBai^s JO uopipuo3\\n1%\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Xbp qoBa jo sjnoq\\n\\\\z Sui^iaoM pB3l{\\nSjm xi^lAV IUB341S\\nJO aaMoid aiqBiJBAV\\nU-) Tf t^ t^\\noovS\\nsjnoq\\n^z Suiuunj pBaq\\nSim M tuBaais\\nJO 43Avod iBDijaaoaqx\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J33J OI JO\\npE3l{ paUinSSB UB\\nJO pBSii gjBUiixoaddv\\nO O t^ O CI in N\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pB3q\\n;OOJ-3UO JO J3AVOd\\nmoo\\n0\\\\ lO N *0 P) 00\\nO VO t^ M 00 fO\\nMOO C) M\\\\d\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2peaq\\njooj-auo JO j3A\\\\od\\n-asjoq lEDnaJoaqx\\ne\u00c2\u00bb t^^o O a ro\\nrj- 00 t^ oo o fj\\nO tn ON\\nN d d\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2puo\\n-D3S jsd 133J oiqn^\\n8 J? 8 v8 88 8\\nO [I]\\n;S o\\nS S^ S a!g o\\nE\\nrt o rt\\nCO J- hJ\\nL Si\\nO rt\\nfa(i5\\ng o 5 o og", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEORGIA.\\n13\\ni:\\nA\\n3 0.0 S,\\no o o\\nS J hJ fe\\no o.\\nO\\nfa J\\nro 0\\\\ t^oo MO inTfcooOMM ni \\\\6 o 6\\nt^ M lii fOo ds4 uiiii t^\\\\do\\\\r^ M \u00c2\u00abo N vo\\nN N in rovo Nin Iihn-\\n00\\nfJ\\n8 8 8 8888 88 8 \u00c2\u00a78 8 8 8 8 8\\n0 0 \u00c2\u00abo d 00 oo 0 M- 0 0 d t^oo in 6^6\\n8\\n00\\n00 t q\\nvd N fi\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00ba^H H :z;\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2iJ E is\\n|EHCJ\\nI UU\\na S u c iJ\\nfa\\n3-j:\\n2 o.\\nEc\u00c2\u00ab\\nc5\\n3:5 C S\\n|o2\u00c2\u00a7^\\nU :U\\nI D\\n-3 S S 3\\nM O 3\\nM \u00e2\u0096\u00ba^\u00e2\u0096\u00a0y}U H-1\\n.5P^ S3\\nfa\\nrt 2 O\\no\\nO", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "132\\nGEORGIA.\\nu\\n11*\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00c2\u00a3^2-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2paXsAJns uionAV Xg\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2XJUB3J?s JO uoijipuo^\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2X^p i{DE3 JO sjnon\\nts SuijjiOAV p^aq\\nSiqi HJIAV U1E3J1S\\nJO J3AVod aiq^iiBAy\\nmOvOOOOOO\\ncoo lo IT) \\\\o (N q\\nfovd \\\\d j-oo t t^ o\\\\\\no o o O I\\nO fO M\\nM in ro ro\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sjnoq\\nI z Sujuunj pB3q\\nsiqi qiiAV UIB3J1S\\nJO J3Avod jEonaJoaqx\\no o o o o o o\\n0\\\\vO Ti-^o VO ro\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J33J OI JO\\npB3i{ pauinssE UE\\nJO pBaq siEuiTxojddv\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pB3q\\n100J-3U0 JO J3MOd\\n-asjoq 3jqE|iBAv\\nO\\\\0N0O00000000\\nVO 00 f lOVO vo N O N ro H\\nro in d o d^ 0\\\\ 0* d M o M d\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2peaq\\nJOOJ-3UO JO J3MOd\\n-asaoq lEopaJoaqx\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2puo\\n03S jad 133J oiqno\\nro q q q q q^ q q t^\\n1- O \u00e2\u0096\u00a0O O MM M\\n2 s\\n\\\\0 T)\\niim^^^l^n^\\n5^ li\\no 5\\nCfiS\\n2 o", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEORGIA.\\n33\\nAb. low wat.\\nLow water.\\nAb. low wat.\\nFlush.\\nLow spring.\\nf) O\\nro OS O\\nQ O\\nro ui\\nOOS^OOOOOQOQQOt^ VOVO\\nrJ-MOvOOOO 000\\\\OOt^OOO\\\\0 t^N\\nti \u00e2\u0080\u00a2^00 c v6 d t N t^ lA d ro ro ro d\\nGO GOO\\nro f) 00 N Tt-\\nH M uiod M\\n0000 00OnQ000O00GG000O\\\\ no go lOO l- GOG\\nt^oo 00 ooo\\\\t^M\\\\ot^OOP)vooo moo 0i-i(^ mo oot^ m on 0 o m w\\nOOiH cqo\\\\ sGf^Nooooooo-* i-vo voinp) i-iTh tj-m nno tj-tj-m\\nH w d fJ d d i- w d d ro M cJ d d m i- ro d d d d d d d d d m d\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2*0 ro 0 *\u00c2\u00ab^f\u00c2\u00bb ^G OoovOOf^OOO\\\\-^ t H ON N t^oo CO N I-\\nfOc^N vOt .rONNr ^ot^N t-\u00c2\u00abvo invo Or l mio von roroo moo m\\no ro rn d w N d H M N fo d d N d d d d d 6 6 6 d d\\n.^8 8\\nM N N\\n^S8S.f?58 X 8 8Kg8?cgS,8\\nM 4 moo d\\\\ rooo m6 r*) ui iri H \\\\d od ro\\nM Tj- lA N N ro d Avd H\\nLawrenceville\\nand Buford Rd.\\nStrickland s Mill\\nHamilton s Mill.\\nClarksville and\\n1 Gainesville Rd.\\nClarksville\\nCrow s Mill\\nAbove Falls\\nWeaver s Mill....\\nJackson s Mill...\\nNear mouth\\nmile Hall Line\\nJarrett s Mill\\nToccoa Falls\\nWillbank s Store\\nHill s Mill\\nNear Clarksville\\nNear mouth\\nNear Batesville..\\nI\\nWalker s Mill....\\nAt mouth of\\nCox s Creek....\\nNear mouth\\nAbove Stack s\\nHulsey s Mill....\\nHickery s Mill...\\nJarrett s Bridge\\nRoad\\nc\\nB\\nO\\nS\\n115\\nO\\nxo\\nli. i u\\nT3U\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2.(JO\\na o= 5 !=!|.5M|y i-|gS ^^U-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2.S\\n^.2", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "\u00c2\u00bb34\\nGEORGIA.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2paXaAjns uioqM Xg\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2mB3ijs JO uop!puo3\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Xbp qDB3 JO sjnoq\\niZ 3u! JiOAV pB3l{\\nJO aaAvod aiqBjiBAy\\nsanoq\\ntc Sumuru peaq\\nSiql mi^^ UIB3JJS\\nJO j3Avod iBDijaaoaqx\\n2 8vS v8\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J33J\\nCI JO\\n8\\n88\\n8\\n8\\n88\\n88\\n8 8\\npcaq pauinssB ub\\no\\n28\\nd\\no\\ndo go\\nd d\\nJO pBaq ajBUJixojddv\\nJ,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2p^aq\\n00\\n^VO\\nCO\\nJOOJ-3UO JO J3AVOd\\nM M\\n0?\\nN\\n-asaoq aiqen^AV\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2p^aq\\nM\\n8\\ns\\nf\u00c2\u00bb\\n1:S; 8S\\n2\\n500J-3UO JO J3AVOd\\n\\\\o\\nroo\\nM M\\nm M\\n-9SJoq jBDijajoaqx\\nen ooo\\nt^\\n1^\\n-1-O0\\n85^\\nS, 8\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2puo\\nVO\\nCn\\nm\\nf\\nH 0\u00c2\u00ab\\n-03S jsd J33J oiqn^\\no.\\nS.\\n:t3\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0096\u00a0a\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2c\\nui\\nr-o-o\\nii\\nO M\\nC\\nE\\n1-\\ns\\n-2\\nX) \u00c2\u00a313\\nIII\\nlip\\nj;z;o\\no\\nc\\ncflc^U\\nE OF Stream.\\n1\\nJii\\n13\\n9,\\n?l\\n13\\nfc\\nu\\nw\\nK", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEaRGIA.\\n135\\n1^^\\n11\\nIS\\nO 60\\nE\\nfi !2 e\\n2E\\nH\\nc)5\\nCA\\n0.\\nJ^\\nH\\nm\\nbi)\\nbd\\nP.ii\\nc\\n0) c.\\n1\\ni\\nsn\\n^1=\\ncg\u00c2\u00a3\\nM roo T\\nh\\neg\\nro\\nI-\\nl-I H\\n00 N M 0\u00c2\u00ab\\nf\\nfO\\nIT)\\nt^vO\\n00\\nlAvO\\nro\\nM\\n5-^^.2^\\n8\\nN\\n8\\ns\\nvS\\n8 5-\\n5-\\nVO\\nN\\nro\\n10\\nN\\nf M\\n888 8\\nM N 00 \u00c2\u00ab-VO\\nN ro t^ N W in N NO to On P)\\nd M ti 6 6 c) M in vd M p)\\n0\\\\ VO vn o\\\\ O\\nj2.\\ntE\\nEQ\\nsJffi\\ny TO\\nc o\\n04\\nP2\\no\\nc-a\\no Or: o\\nSO", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "136\\nGEORGIA.\\nu-\\nxn\\nrt\\n_3\\nO\\nS H\\nPi\\nV\\nw\\nfa\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2paXaAans uioi(av Xg\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2tUB3i;s JO uopipuo^\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Xbp H3E3J0 sanoq\\ni-s 3ui iJ0Av puaq\\nsiqi HJiAv luKaajs\\nJO JSMod aiqEjiBAV\\n8\\nH r t^oo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sjnoq\\nfz guiuuni psaq\\nSiqi ijllAV UIB3J1S\\nJO J3A\\\\0d l-BD153a03LjX\\n8 8\\no ui\\nVO O\\nCTvvq\\nIT) r^ O\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2533J 01 JO\\npE3H pauinssB ub\\nao pB3i{ 34BiuixoJddv\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pE3q\\nS cgcgv^\\ng^ cS 2 8^\\nv3-\\nR^\\n8^\\n8^8^\\n?OOJ-3UO JO a3A\\\\od\\nvC VOOO\\nVj? H OS\u00c2\u00ab\\n-asjoq ajqBijBAy\\nN\\nM\\n000\\nt^ 00 vo t^\\nin\\nt^\\nf^\\ni~~ t^\\n-p^aq\\nT N ro CO\\nir\\nr\\nroro\\n500J-3UO JO J3A\\\\0d\\nH\\nW H M\\nw\\nf^d\\nCO\\nfofo\\n-3SJ0X{ jEDiiaJoaqx\\n888\\n8 88^\\n8\\n88\\n8\\n88\\n\\\\a\\\\ci ya\\n88S\\n00\\nm\\nt.\\nt^ t^\\n-D3S J3d 133} oiqn3\\nVOVO M\\nW S M\\n,1\\nici^ i\\nI\\n11\\n1\\nrt oj2\\ni\\n6^\\nrn\\nis\\nPhCAI\\nC 1/\\n31/\\noyd s S\\noach s\\nirnes s\\nven\\nc\\nX\\nIf\\nc\\nS2\\nt\\nill\\nffi\\njPimcfl\\nh;5K\\nal\\nr.;?\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2K\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00bai; K\\nSS\\nO c as 2:\\nO 0,0\\n\u00c2\u00a726\\no o 2 6\\n3 u o\\neqdH go", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEORGIA.\\n137\\nhi O\\niS\\nO 3 -M\\nO 4*\\n3:\\n=3\\n2-\\nb\\nn\\nn\\nhJ\\nUli\\nU\\nbi)\\nM\\na\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2c\\nf\\nii\u00c2\u00bb\\no\\n0.0\\na-\\nB\\nE\\n1\\nu\\nu\\na-\\noc\\noa\\nc\\nS8\\no 0000\\nVO\\nr(\\nN VO\\nc^\\nrooo\\nro N\\n8 vS\\n5- 8v8\\nLv8 3\\n8 8 a\\nS S S S\\n888\\nO P\\ni^ ig\\ncs rt c\\nM V rt Q 60\\nSo. a 6\\n.\u00e2\u0080\u00a21^\\nU P3 U U\\nC/3\\nB\\nHI\\njj be rt \u00c2\u00abi tn\\n-2 2 DO.\\na O w\\nc J\\no i.\\n0. C B\\n-35\\n6\\nicfi\\nH -.VJ 1-1\\nr; D D\\no JJ\\npa oPQ\\nPi 2", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "133\\nGEORGIA.\\n51 S\\n-CQ\\n_. rt 5 2\\nfe\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2paiCaAjns uioqM Xg\\nM\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2lUBaais JO uopipuo3\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2ABp H3B3 JO sanoq\\nt-s Sui^tJOAV pB3q\\nsiin qjiAV. uiBaais\\nJO J3A\\\\.o d SiqBIJBAV\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sjnoq\\niz Suiuunj pB3i{\\nSim M^!^ IUB3J1S\\nJO aaAvod jBDpaaoaqx\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J33J OI JO\\npB3l{ paUinSSB UB\\nJO pE3i{ aiBuiixojddv\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pB3q\\n;OOJ-3UO JO J3A\\\\Od\\n8^\\nT^ rocooo\\n5r V? g,\\n8\\n888\\nM M M\\nS. vS\\nVO\\nvovovo\\n-asjoq aiqBjiBAY\\no\\nCOO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pB3H\\njooj-auo JO j3Mod\\nfo\\nO M (N tS\\nK\\n00\\n00 00 00\\n-asjoq iBDiiaJoaqx\\nro\\nfo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2puo\\n8\\nS^88\\n8 8 8\\n8\\n888\\nt^\\nlO o\\n1 C\\nVO\\nVO\\nvovovo\\n-03S aad laaj ojqno\\nt\\nS\\nt^\\nt^ t^ t~\u00c2\u00bb\\nN\\nrt\\ni i\\n1\\n5\\nib i i\\nl^\\nC/3\\noE\\no w\\n1\\n3\\n00 M N\\n2\\n5\\n8S\\nc/3\\ns\\n_^\\nC\\no\\nJ\\ns\\nbe -w U J. U M I-\\nUPi", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "WATER-POWER OF GEORGIA,\\n139\\nO n\\n4vdoo\\ncg8 vSvg\\n8\\ni8\\nS\\nS^8\\n0%\\n8\\n^\u00e2\u0096\u00a0SvS\\n5.8^\\nK\\nfj.\\n:?v8S\\nsS*\\nN\\nM\\nro\\nN\\nCO\\n00\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0*M\\nVOVO\\nxn\\nM N\\nf^8^\\nON\\nVO\\n00\\nM N\\ni-\\nM\\nN M\\n8\\ng\\n8\\n88\\n8\\n8\\nS ?l\\n88\\n8\\n88\\n8\\n8\\n5-\\n8a\u00c2\u00ab8\\n^0\\nr^\\nVO\\nM\\nM\\nrooo\\n10\\ne^\\nt/3\\niZ\\n13 -\u00c2\u00a303\\n2 Oh-1 c\u00c2\u00ab\\ne rt s\\no g\\nrt P^ rt\\nM 3 0\\nfct, m fcc/jSf\\nc N c\\nrt rt\\na\\nT3 o S :g g\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0e^\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a25\\nH 2*\\nz E S\\nZCJ\\n:(J\\nU St3 b\\nao\\no S\\nA,\\nc \u00c2\u00abc\u00c2\u00ab S a)cA) 0-3:", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "I40\\nGEORGIA.\\npsXsAjns uioi{Ai Xg\\nS\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2uiBsajs JO uopipuo3\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Xbp qDB3 JO sjnoi{\\ntz Suiuunj pnaq\\nJO aaAvdd siqBjiBAy\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sanoq\\n*z Suiuunj pB3iJ\\nSiqj qjIAV UIE3JJS\\nJO J3Avod iBopaJoaqx\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J33J OI JO\\npBaq paiunssB ub\\nJO pcaq a^Euiixojddy\\n8 8888\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pBsq\\n500J-3UO JO J3MOd\\n-asjoq aiqBjiBAV\\no d\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2praq\\n700J-3UO JO J3MOd\\n-asjoq iBDijajoaqx\\n1^ CO N O ro\\nw d ro in\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2puo\\n-03S J3d J33J oiqn^\\nS 8\\n8 198 8\u00c2\u00abB\\nd rn d d d\\nii o\\n\u00c2\u00abn Z\\n5^3\\nrt\\nS\\no^\\nM 2", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "IVATER-POWER OF GEORGIA.\\n141\\nk\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2S\\n5\\n1\\n1\\n1^\\n11\\nu\\niJ.\\n!i\\ng\\nc\\nS\\nrt\\nrt\\n3\\nii\\nrt\\nS\\n6\\ns\\n1^\\nc\\ns-^\\n^S5\\nvScg\\nOS\\ng.\\ng.\\n00\\n00\\n8\\na\\n8s\\n8s\\n8\\nR\\n8\\neg 8\\n10 m 1/\\nVO\\nn\\nH\\n00\\nMVO\\nRvBoS\\n8?\\n2\\n8s\\n5-\\n8\\n5- 8s\\ng\\n^a. 8\\n%X\u00c2\u00b0\\np fo\\nt^\\nM\\n00\\nt^\\ng^\\nt^\\n2\\nt^\\nCOt^OS 00\\np)\\n888\\n88\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n8\\n888\\n8\\nt^o m\\nCJ\\n00\\n00\\nN\\n10\\nM\\n000\\nt^ O 00\\nd o vd\\nfO roso N\\nI\\nE S\\nS 3;\\n4 C,\\nc S c g\\nS E S\\n1^ H\\nN^O S\u00c2\u00ab0 S^O N*-C O N^O\\n3\u00c2\u00a3cB\u00c2\u00ab\\nZ\\nU3\\n-o o\\n2 0\\nKg\\n5^ t\\nc CJ\\nH\\nJ^ S fe\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00baJ o V I- ow\\nr: 2", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "142\\nGEORGIA.\\npaXaAjns uioiiai Xg\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2m^aajs jo uopjpuo3\\no s 2\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Xbp i{3B9 jo sjnoq\\n^s Suiuuni pB3n\\nsiqj M^!^ IUB3J1S\\nJO J3A\\\\od ajqEijBAV\\no o_ o\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a04- -^-oo\\nCO\\n0\\\\ ON O OC\\n^9r. 2\\nto MM\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sjnoq\\nt-z 2U1UUIU pB3q\\nSjm HIIM UIB3J1S\\nJO asMod iBD!J3ao3qx\\n8 8 8 8\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2;33J OI JO\\npnaq pauinssB ub\\nJO pB3q sjEuiixoiddy\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pB3q\\nJOOJ-3UO JO J3AVOd\\n-asjoq 3|qB[iBAV\\nM o o d\\nM vo q 00\\n00 d d o\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pB3q\\n500J-3U0 JO a3MOd\\n-asjoq iBonaJoaqx\\nvO 00\\nd fo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2puo\\n-03S J3d 133J oiqn3\\nt^ lO ro\\no w\\nPL|CA\\nO\\ni5 j oS JS\\nH-^^\\n-si 2 ^6\\ni^^U-\\n13,\\n1\\nOUNTY.\\nreek.\\ni5\\no --go\\nsi\\n2i5-\u00c2\u00ab\\nji\\n/\u00e2\u0096\u00a0hitefii\\nCreek\\nSwamp\\nCarpent\\n8\\nQU\\nc w\\n1) 3\\nQQ", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "MINERAL WATERS.\\nMINERAL WATERS.\\nU3\\nThere is a great abundance of chalybeate or iron waters\\nin the State in different geological formations. Lime-\\nstone springs in the northwestern portion are numerous.\\nSulphur springs do not occur in great numbers.\\nThe circumstances of the preparation of this outline do\\nnot allow more than an enumeration of those springs\\nwhich have for years been resorted to for their medicinal\\nproperties\\nCatoosa Springs, Catoosa County.\\nGordon Springs, Whitefield County.\\nCohutta Springs, Murray County.\\nRowland Springs, Bartow County.\\nDougherty s Spring, Polk County.\\nCamp s Spring, Fulton County.\\nPonce de Leon Spring, Fulton County.\\nAtlanta Mineral Spring, Fulton County.\\nNew Holland Spring, Hall County.\\nSulphur Spring, Hall County.\\nPorter s Springs, Lumpkin County.\\nMadison Springs, Madison County.\\nHelicon Springs, Clarke County.\\nIndian Springs, Butts County.\\nMineral Spring, Coweta County.\\nNewnan Spring, Coweta County.\\nSulphur Spring, Meriwether County.\\nWarm Spring, Meriwether County.\\nChalybeate Spring, Meriwether County.\\nGlenn s Spring, Early County.\\nSpringfield Spring, Effingham County.\\nHeard s Spring, Wilkes County,\\nFranklin Springs, Franklin County.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "144 GEORGIA.\\nAnalysis of Camp s Mineral Spring at West Endy 2%\\nmiles from Union Depot, in Atlanta.\\nGrains.\\nSulphuretted hydrogen gas 0.1720\\nProtocarbonate of iron 2.0320\\nSesquicarbonate of iron 3520\\nProtocarbonate of manganese 0050\\nCarbonate of manganese 0520\\nCarbonate of hme 3020\\nChloride of calcium 1190\\nChloride of sodium 1320\\nSilicate of soda and lime 4300\\nCrenic and apocrenic acids .0180\\nFree carbonic acid 1.0370\\n4.8660\\nTotal solid matter dried at 212\u00c2\u00b0 F. 3.5324.\\nAnalyzed by W. J. LAND, Chemist.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XL\\nManufactures Mineral Region Iron-Furnaces Character of the Min-\\nerals Height of Mountains.\\nThe following interesting information is obtained from\\ntables prepared by Dr. Thomas P. Janes, the Commis-\\nsioner of Agriculture.\\nThere are in Georgia 36 cotton-factories, with 123,233\\nspindles and 2125 looms; there are 14 woollen-factories,\\nwith 4200 spindles and 135 looms. Nearly all of these\\n50 factories are run by water-power. There are 1375\\ngrain-mills, of which 1262 are run by water. In these\\nmills are 1453 run of stones for corn, and 556 for wheat.\\nThere are 734 saw-mills, of which 539 use water-power.\\nThere are also 77 wagon- and carriage-factories, 6 iron-\\nfurnaces, 7 iron-foundries, 11 lime-kilns, 4 potteries,\\n6S tanneries, 6 turpentine-distilleries, 2 rolling-mills, 5\\npaper-mills, 12 furniture-manufactories, 6 sash-, blind-,\\nand door-manufactories, 3 rice-mills, i shoe-manufactory,\\nI broom-manufactory, 2 manufactories of farm -imple-\\nments, 2 rope- and twine-factories, i stove-manufactory.\\nSince the publication of the tables containing the above\\ninformation, one large cotton-factory has been completed\\nin Columbus and one in Augusta.\\nTHE MINERAL REGION OF GEORGIA.\\nThis region embraces, in the main, Northwest or Chero-\\nkee Georgia. That portion containing the coal and fossilif-\\nerous iron-ore runs northeast and southwest from Tennessee\\ninto Alabama, and embraces a series of ridges named Sand\\nMountain, Lookout Mountain, Taylor s Ridge, John s\\nMountain, and Chattoogata Ridge. The Cohutta Moun-\\no 13 145", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "146 GEORGIA.\\ntains, which are a continuation of the Unaka Range of\\nTennessee, run north and south, and contain copper-ore,\\nwith some lead- and silver-ore. On the western border\\nof this range are found beds of iron-ore and slate, baryta,\\nmanganese, and brown hematite. To the east, between\\nthe Cohutta Mountains and the Blue Ridge, is one belt\\nof marble, and adjacent to it are the gold-bearing schists,\\nextending from North Carolina to Alabama, which reap-\\npear on the south side of the Blue Ridge. The rich gold\\nregion of Georgia is in the counties of Habersham, White,\\nLumpkin, Forsyth, and Hall. The following list of iron-\\nfurnaces in Georgia was also prepared by.Dr. Janes.\\nLIST OF IRON-FURNACES IN GEORGIA.\\nI. Bartow Furnace,\\nBartow Station\\nCapacity.\\nTons per Day.\\nBartow Co, 20\\n2. Charcoal\\n3. Rogers Rogers\\n4. Pool s Stamp Creek\\n5. Brown and Thomas\\n7\\n7\\n4\\nOut of blast.\\nFurnace,\\n6. Cherokee Furnace,\\nPolk\\n4\\n40?\\n(1 II\\nNot in blast.\\n7. -^tna\\n8. Ridge Valley Furnace,\\n9. Rising Fawn\\n10. Ward s Diamond\\nFurnace,\\nFloyd\\nDade\\nBartow Co\\n10\\n12\\nSO\\n4\\nII i\\n11. Stamp Creek Furnace,\\n12. Etowah Furnace,\\n4\\n4\\nNot in use.\\n13. Allatoona\\n14. Phoenix\\n15. Cherokee\\nDade\\n4\\n40\\n40\\nNot completed\\n250\\nThe following table of minerals found in Georgia, and\\ntheir physical characters, was prepared by Dr. George\\nLittle, the State Geologist, for the Hand-Book published\\nunder the auspices of the Commissioner of Agriculture.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "PHYSICAL CHARACTERS OF MINERALS.\\n147\\nO C\\n1\\n_i^\\nrt\\nP.\\nrt\\nin\\n1\\nLead penc\\nFuel.\\nSulphuric\\nandgunp\\no,rt\\n1\\n11\\nn\\n1\\n.2\\n.5 73\\n3\\ni\\nft\\nrtCJ\\n^K\\nSo\\n^4\\n2.5\\nV a o\\n-p-Kg\\n^SQfe\\ng\\n2 -c S c 3 _r\\n3 o -2 c c\u00c2\u00a3 2\\nQ\\nM\\nc u\\nES\\n^S\\ns\\ngray,\\ngray\\n-e yellow,\\ngray,\\ngray,\\nyellow.\\ne\\n4\\nB\\nrt\\nc\\n2 5\\nm3\\nu\\n^f,\\n^g\\n-3\\n-oJS-\\nV\\nSi S 2 ii S 2\\n-o\\njSi 13-0^\\nUM\\nWkJMc/jJW\\nU\\nPh\\nm Q\\nV\\nc, n.O p Y\\nVO\\nin in VO\\nQ\\nN W\\n1 1\\nV\\n1\\no\\nVO invo in\\nX\\n1 1\\nin 10\\n1\\nIII 1\\ni\\nM\\np) 10 JO m H o\\\\\\nin N VO m\\nffi\\nt H tmdo en\\n00 t-^ vnvd -4-\\nI I I I 1 M\\n!rt M N CO O M\\nin\\nI I\\n-O; 0,2\\nGo 600,0; q\\n9,9 o\\noJ\\nJ 1\\nC\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2a i\\n2\\nE\\n3\\nii\\n11\\nsi\\n1\\n^1\\nC\\n2J\\n2\\nm\\n2^^\\n3\\nE\\nE ,3 .5\\nVO ^N0O OS o\\n-t mvo t^ 00", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "148\\nGEORGIA,\\no\\no xi\\nu .-2\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a25^ bio\\nL\u00c2\u00bb bJOo fc -a\\nIi\\nI\\n1Jt3 rt ii C\\n5\\nK CXI\\nw C O C\\nc\\na w\\n-5 2^1;^ i^^r^r?\\nt^ lO m\\nI I\\nI I\\nI I I\\nH M two\\nM III MINI\\nI III i\\nCI ci ci cJ cj vd\\nc\\no\\no\\nbeO\\niO\\nbe\\n:0,\\nli^fc. it\\n9 S S *^-0 ^.C^\\nCJ.\\nsee eso^\\ncooic/jcoajc/) inu^-s. Ji MU0^\\nSo?\\no si a.2\\nc^WmcjowM_\\n_ o,\\nS^^^ ES icS-S oils\\nlovo t^oo o\\\\\\nI\\nI en n-i ro\\nUTO", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "PHYSICAL CHARACTERS OF MINERALS.\\n149\\nw\\nOh\\no\\n10 ro (T) ro nS CO\\nO\\nIX,\\nO\\n6\\nfeO,\\n9,0,000^\\ntvoO ON O w N\\ni- rr Tf in 10 in\\n13^", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "I go GEORGIA.\\nCRYSTALLINE ROCKS.\\n1. Dolerite consists of labradorite, augite, and magnetic iron.\\n2. Diabase clilorite. i\\n3. Hypersthenite consists of labradorite and liypersthene. I\\n4. Diorite hornblende and albite.\\n5. Syenite orthoclase. i\\n6. Granite quartz, mica, and feldspar.\\n7. Gneiss banded.\\n8. Granulite and granular feldspar.\\n9. Mica slate mica, which is varied by addition of\\nother minerals.\\nHydromica slate or schist, quartz, and hydrous mica, and called tal- j\\ncose when it consists of quartz, mica, and talc.\\nChloritic slate consists of quartz, mica, and chlorite. i\\nHornblendic slate consists of quartz, mica, and hornblende. 1\\nGraphitic slate graphite.\\n10. Itacolumite and talc.\\n1\\nSEDIMENTARY ROCKS ARE i\\nClayey, as shales, slates.\\nMarly, as beds of sand and clay with shells.\\nCalcareous, as limestone, dolomites.\\nSiliceous, as laminated sandstones, sand-beds, etc.\\nConglomerate, as granite conglomerate of Augusta, ferruginous conglom-\\nerate of the drift.\\nCarbonaceous, as coal-seams, lignite-beds, graphitic slates.\\nSYMBOLS OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN MINERALS.\\nFor the sake of brevity, chemists have adopted the fol-\\nlowing symbols to represent the different elements and\\ntheir combinations\\nOxygen O. Tellurium Te.\\nHydrogen H. Arsenic As. J\\nCarbon C. Molybdenum Mo. 1\\nSulphur S. Zinc Zn. i\\nSilicon Si. Chromium Cr. 1\\nTitanium Ti Nickel Ni.\\nChlorine CI. Silica or sand Si02 Si4-20.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "NEWSPAPERS IN GEORGIA. 151\\nSodium or natrium Na. Alumina =Al203 2AI+3O.\\nPotassium or kalium K. Ferric oxide Fe203 2Fe+30.\\nCalcium or lime metal Ca. Ferrous oxide FeO.\\nMagnesium Mg. Manganic oxide Mn-iOa.\\nBarium Ba. Manganous oxide MnO.\\nClay metal or aluminum Al. Calcic oxide (lime) CaO.\\nIron or ferrum Fe, Magnesia MgO.\\nManganese Mn. Water H2O 2H+0.\\nCuprum or copper Cu. Soda NaO.\\nPlumbum or lead Pb. Potash KO.\\nAurum or gold Au. Baryta BaO.\\nBismuth Bi. Boracic acid BO3.\\nAccording to measurements made by the United States\\nCoast Survey, the elevations of the principal mountains\\nin North Georgia are as follows\\nEnota, in Towns County, 4796 feet high.\\nRabun Bald, in Rabun County, 4718 feet high.\\nBlood, in Union County, 4468 feet high.\\nTray, in Habersham County, 4435 feet high.\\nCohutta, in Fannin County, 4155 feet high.\\nYonah, in White County, 3168 feet high.\\nGrassy, in Pickens County, 3090 feet high.\\nWalker s, in Lumpkin County, 2614 feet high.\\nPine Log, in Bartow County, 2347 feet high.\\nSawnee, in Forsyth County, 1968 feet high.\\nKennesaw, in Cobb County, 1809 feet high.\\nStone Mountain, in De Kalb County, 1686 feet high.\\nI am indebted to Dr. Thomas P. Janes for the following\\nlist of newspapers in Georgia\\nThere are 9 daily, 91 weekly, and 4 monthly news-\\npapers and periodicals in Georgia, having an aggregate\\ncirculation of about 150,000 copies, classified as follows:\\nDaily. 9 news and political aggregate circulation,\\n35,900. (This includes the daily, tri-weekly, and weekly\\neditions of these papers and these weeklies are not\\ncounted with the other weeklies of the State.)", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "152 GEORGIA.\\nWeekly. 84 news and political aggregate circula-\\ntion, 74,500-\\nWeekly. 4 religious; aggregate circulation, 19,500.\\nWeekly. 2 literary; aggregate circulation, 11,500.\\nWeekly. i agricultural aggregate circulation, 4500.\\nMonthly. 2 medical; aggregate circulation, 1550.\\nMonthly. 2 agricultural aggregate circulation, 2850.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XII.\\nProductions of Georgia.\\nI HAVE permission to make the following extract of\\nalmost an entire chapter of Dr. Janes Hand-Book. It\\nwill be found interesting and instructive for it is full of\\nthe most valuable information to persons who may desire\\nhomes in the Empire State of the South\\nVARIETY OF PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL\\nAND HORTICULTURAL.\\nThere is no single State in the Union with such variety\\nof climate and production as Georgia possesses. There\\nis nothing grown in any of the States except Florida\\nwhich cannot be profitably grown in Georgia. A few\\ntropical fruits grow in Southern Florida which cannot be\\nraised in Georgia.\\nThe following products grow successfully in the State,\\nviz.\\nCereals. Corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, and rice\\nall the cereals are grown on a large scale, except rye and\\nbarley, which are grown principally for winter and early\\nspring pasturage.\\nThe Textiles. Cotton, wool, flax, hemp, jute, ramie,\\nand silk all grow well in Georgia, but the culture of cot-\\nton has largely overshadowed the others.\\nSugar, syrup, and molasses are made on a consider-\\nable scale in the southern part of this State from tropical\\ncane, and sorghum syrup in the middle and northern\\nsections.\\nG* 153", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "154\\nGEORGIA.\\nTobacco of very fine quality is grown in any portion\\nof the State where proper attention is given to it, but it\\nis not extensively cultivated for market, though many\\nfarms produce a home supply.\\nPeas and beans of every description are grown with\\nlittle difficulty in every county in the State, and what is\\nknown as the cow- or field-pea is a crop of great im-\\nportance in all the cotton belt of the State, both as a\\nsource of forage and soil fertilization.\\nThe Ground-Nuts. Pindars, goobers, and chufas are\\ngrown very cheaply, yielding largely, principally to be\\ngathered by hogs.\\nRoots and tubers of every kind grow finely,, and are\\nreceiving more attention each succeeding year. Among\\nthose principally raised are sweet and Irish potatoes,\\nturnips, carrots, parsnips, and mangel-wurzel.\\nAn excellent article of tea has been grown in the\\nsoutheastern part of the State, and succeeds well in other\\nportions.\\nIndigo grows wild in the lower part of the State, and\\nwas at one time cultivated to some extent, but has been\\novershadowed by cotton-culture.\\nFruits. :Every variety of fruit known to the tem-\\nperate zone succeeds in Georgia except the cranberry\\nand sweet cherry.\\nVegetables. Every variety of vegetables is cultivated\\nsuccessfully. In the larger portion of the State, fresh\\nvegetables in great variety may be gathered from the\\ngarden throughout the winter.\\nStock. There has been but little attention to stock-\\nraising, except in individual instances, in consequence of\\nthe absorbing interest felt in cotton-culture, which has\\nleft little time or area for successful stock-raising. The\\nresults attained by those who have given attention to it", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "PRODUCTIONS OF GEORGIA. 155\\nshow that Georgia is admirably adapted to stock of every\\nkind, especially so to sheep.\\nPoultry. Poultry of every kind are raised with per-\\nfect success, the turkey and duck being found wild in\\nour forests and streams.\\nForest Products. In the older parts of the State\\nmuch of the finest forests have been destroyed to make\\nroom for cultivation, but in portions of Middle and\\nNorthern Georgia there is still an abundant supply of\\nhard-wood lumber, suitable for manufacturing railroad-\\ncars, wagons, and agricultural implements, besides a great\\nvariety suitable for manufacturing furniture also forests\\nof soft yellow pine in Northwest Georgia; while in\\nSouthern Georgia there are millions of acres of magnifi-\\ncent yellow-pine forests suitable for general building\\npurposes, ship-building, etc. Within the last few years\\nturpentine-plantations have been opened in these forests\\nfor the purpose of manufacturing naval stores. Large\\nquantities of timber and lumber are being annually shipped\\nfrom Brunswick and Darien to Northern, European, and\\nSouth American ports. In the southeastern portion of\\nthe State the live-oak, a valuable wood for ship-building,\\nabounds.\\nGrasses. There are grasses adapted to every section\\nof the State, both for pasturage and hay, surpassing in\\nannual production, under careful culture, the heaviest\\nyield per acre of those portions of the United States in\\nwhich hay is a staple crop, as will be shown under the\\nresults of improved culture, which are to follow.\\nAREAS OF PRODUCTION OF STAPLE CROPS.\\nWhile there are general outlines of the production of\\nthe various crops, each sometimes crosses the general line\\nunder favorable circumstances of soil and altitude.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "156 GEORGIA.\\nCorn and oats are cultivated in every county in the\\nState.\\nThe wheat area proper extends from the northern\\nborder of the State to the general line of division between\\nthe Primary and Tertiary and Primary and Cretaceous for-\\nmations, which conforms roughly to the falls of the rivers,\\nreaching from the Savannah River above Augusta, follow-\\ning generally the line of the Georgia Railroad to Warren-\\nton, the Macon and Augusta Railroad to Macon, thence\\nnorth of the line of the Southwestern Railroad to Butler,\\nand thence to the falls of the Chattahoochee, at Columbus.\\nBy rather a strange coincidence, the area of sugar-cane cul-\\nture extends from the southern boundary of the State to\\nthe above general limit of the wheat area, each seeming to\\nbe generally controlled by the combination of elevation and\\nsoil, the wheat selecting greater elevation and stiffer soils,\\nthe cane the lower elevation and siliceous soils, each oc-\\ncasionally passing over the general line when the above\\nconditions are favorable, wheat being successfully grown\\neven to the southern boundary in localities of unusual\\nelevation and on soils having a considerable admixture of\\nclay, or with a clay subsoil. Sorghum covers the same\\ngeneral area as wheat, but encroaches more uniformly\\nupon the cane area than does wheat.\\nThe area of upland cotton-culture proper reaches from\\na line on the north, extending from the Savannah River\\nthrough Athens and Atlanta to the Alabama line, to the\\nFlorida line on the south, and to the head of tidewater\\non the southeast. This area has been practically extended\\nfifty miles farther north by the use of stimulating fertil-\\nizers.\\nThe most productive part of the cotton area is Middle\\nGeorgia proper and Southwest Georgia.\\nThe area of sea island or long staple cotton proper", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "PRODUCTIONS OF GEORGIA. 157\\nextends from the head of tidewater to the ocean, and in-\\ncludes the islands^ being the same as that of lowland rice.\\nThe latter has been very successfully cultivated, however,\\nas far into the interior as Pike County, more than one\\nhundred miles from the ocean, under favorable circum-\\nstances of alluvial soil susceptible of irrigation, from\\nwhich it appears that the essential conditions of its suc-\\ncessful growth are rather alluvial soil and irrigation than\\nproximity to the sea or a very low elevation.\\nUpland rice is grown on a small scale in all the cot-\\nton belt proper, and would be grown more extensively if\\nthe process of hulling it could be rendered less tedious by\\nthe invention of some simple and cheap machine for that\\npurpose.\\nClover grows well on any fertile clay or clay-loam\\nsoil in the wheat belt proper. Lucerne succeeds well on\\nany soil in any locality in the State, if it is made rich and\\nproperly prepared.\\n**The field-pea is grown in every section of the State,\\nbut is cultivated principally in Middle and Lower Georgia\\nas a field crop. The usual manner of its culture is between\\nthe rows of corn, the peas being planted at the second\\nworking of the corn, and ploughed once when the corn\\nis cultivated the last time. The peas usually make but\\nlittle growth until the corn has nearly reached maturity,\\nwhen they take possession of the soil and make a very\\nrapid growth. It is a very cheap and valuable crop, being\\nvaluable as food for man and beast, as well as a fertilizer\\nof the soil, nearly equal in value, as such, to clover or\\nlucerne.\\nSweet potatoes are grown in nearly every county in\\nthe State (a small portion of Northeast Georgia being the\\nexception), and turnips in all parts, the former succeed-\\ning best on sandy soil, the latter on rich sandy loam.\\n14", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "158 GEORGIA.\\n*The Irish potato produces well in every section of the\\nState, but the first crop matures too early in Middle and\\nLower Georgia to be easily preserved through the follow-\\ning winter. A second crop may be raised in these sections\\nby planting the product of the spring crop in July or\\nAugust, and properly mulching them to retain sufficient\\nmoisture to cause them to germinate. The second crop,\\nfrom reproduction, is, in favorable seasons, often as good\\nas the first, and keeps well through the winter. The\\nmountain region of North Georgia is the best adapted to\\nthe production of the Irish potato for market, since, at\\nthat elevation, the crop does not mature so early that it\\nmay not be easily kept through the winter. They are\\nprofitably cultivated on the coast for an early supply of\\nnorthern markets.\\n^Fruits. The apple succeeds well in every portion\\nof the State where there is an elevation of four hundred\\nor five hundred feet, and a clay soil or subsoil, both of\\nwhich are generally found combined in Upper-Middle\\nand Northern Georgia. The trees do not attain such size\\nin Lower-Middle and Southwest Georgia as in the moun-\\ntain regions, nor do they live so long but the coloring\\nand flavor of the fruit in the cotton belt are superior to\\nthat grown in the more elevated regions of the northern\\npart of the State. Near the coast, and in many other\\nparts of Southern Georgia, the soil is too sandy and the\\nelevation insufficient to sustain healthy trees.\\n^^T\\\\\\\\^ pear grows well in every section of the State\\nwhere proper attention is given to the preparation and\\nfertilization of the soil,-^the only difficulty being in the\\nprevalence of the blight of the trees. Thomas County,\\nGeorgia, has, thus far, almost escaped this scourge. With\\nthe exception of a few localities, its culture is confined\\nto Northern and Middle Georgia. The latter section,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "PRODUCTIONS OF GEORGIA. 159\\nthough producing smaller trees, far surpasses the former\\nin quality of fruit.\\nOne reason for the short duration of the life of apple-\\nand pear-trees in Middle and Southern Georgia is found\\nin the fact that, owing to the long growing season, the trees\\nmake a second growth in August and September, in which\\nthe tendency is more to the production of fruit-buds than\\nwood-buds, the spring growth being devoted mainly, in\\na thrifty tree, to the production of wood-buds for the next\\nyear s growth. This being the case, trees not unfrequently\\nproduce crops of fruit annually for ten years in Middle\\nand Southern Georgia, while biennial production is the\\nrule farther north. The annual fruitage produces an un-\\nusual drain upon the vital power of the tree, which requires\\nextraordinary fertilization. Tiie necessity of this has not\\nbeen recognized generally by fruit-growers, and the neces-\\nsary food has not been supplied. Trees grown in prox-\\nimity to dwellings or horse-lots where they receive an\\naccidental supply of manure are found to possess unusual\\nlongevity.\\nMiddle Georgia and the elevated plateaus of the\\nsouthwestern portion of the State seem to be the home\\nof \\\\}i\\\\^ peach, which fact needs only to be sufficiently ap-\\npreciated by the people of those sections to induce them\\nto embark in its culture on a large scale to make it a\\nprominent source of revenue. Some parties who have\\ncultivated on a sufficient scale to ship by the car-load\\nhave found it a lucrative business. By cultivating the\\nearly varieties we have a monopoly of the markets of\\nthe Northern cities for a month while prices are ranging\\nhighest. The same may be said of pears. Our whole\\ncrop of Bartlett and Duchess pears could be sold in New\\nYork before those of Virginia even are ripe.\\nGrapes grow well in every section of the State, and in", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "l6o GEORGIA.\\nsufficient variety for every purpose, though but little atten-\\ntion has thus far been paid to wine-making. The Scup-\\npernong is peculiarly adapted to Middle and Southern\\nGeorgia, seldom failing to produce a good crop, never\\nkilled by frost, and entirely free from all diseases and in-\\nsect pests. All that it needs is room enough in which to\\nspread itself.\\nFigs and pomegranates grow admirably in Middle\\nand Southern Georgia, needing no protection in winter\\nexcept in the upper part of the middle belt.\\nThe olive succeeds well on the coast, and was for-\\nmerly cultivated, but is now quite abandoned.\\nThe/^f\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00ab and English walnut succeed well, and are\\nbeing planted to some extent.\\nRaspberries, strawberries, mulberries, cherries, and\\nplums are grown in profusion in every part of the State.\\nThe semi-tropical fruits oranges, lemons, and ba-\\nnanas are successfully grown in the southern and coast\\ntiers of counties.\\nThe ivatermelons and cantelonpes of portions of Mid-\\ndle Georgia are quite celebrated for their quality, and are\\nbecoming a source of considerable revenue. Within a\\ni^w years the watermelon crop of Richmond County\\nhas grown to considerable commercial importance. In\\n1874 three hundred and sixteen thousand four hundred\\nand fifty melons were sold in or shipped from Augusta.\\nThe soil of Richmond and several adjoining counties\\nseems to be peculiarly adapted to the production of water-\\nmelons and canteloupes though they grow to great per-\\nfection on sandy soils in many parts of the State.\\nIn Thomas County may be seen, in addition to all the\\nagricultural productions of the temperate and semi-tropical\\nzones, the apple, pear, peach, plum, pomegranate, fig,\\nquince, cherry, grape, raspberry, blackberry, strawberry,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "PRODUCTIONS OF GEORGIA. i6i\\nmulberry, orange, lemon, and banana all growing within\\nthe same orchard. There are few countries thus favored\\nby such a combination of soil and climate.\\nIn less than a score of years the fruit-crop of Georgia\\nwill be second only to cotton in commercial importance,\\nif proper attention is given in aid of natural advantages.\\nRESULTS SHOWING THE CAPACITY OF GEOR-\\nGIA SOIL UNDER IMPROVED CULTURE.\\nIn order to illustrate the capacity of the soil of Georgia\\nunder proper preparation and fertilization, such as is given\\nin the more densely settled portions of the world, a few\\nresults are taken from the transactions of the State and\\ncounty fairs during the last few years, all on affidavit of\\ndisinterested parties\\nIn 1873, H- Hardaway, in Thomas County,\\nproduced on upland 119 bushels of corn on i acre, which\\nyielded a net profit of $77.17.\\nThis year (1876) Mr. G. J. Drake, of Spalding\\nCounty, produced 74 bushels of corn on i acre of upland.\\nIn 1873, Mr- S. W. Leak, of Spalding County, pro-\\nduced on I acre 40^ bushels of wheat, worth ;^8o.5o;\\ncost, ^14.50; net profit, ^66.00.\\nTo illustrate the fertilizing effects of a Bermuda\\ngrass sod of long standing, the following results, obtained\\nby Colonel A. J. Lane, in Hancock County, are given\\nThe first year after the Bermuda sod was broken he\\nharvested 1800 pounds of seed-cotton per acre; the sec-\\nond year, 2800 pounds per acre. The third crop was\\ncorn, manured with cotton-seed in the usual way and\\nquantity; yield, 65 bushels per acre. The fourth year\\nhe harvested 42 bushels of wheat per acre. Neither the\\ncotton nor wheat was fertilized.\\n14*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "1 62 GEORGIA.\\nMr. J. F. Madden, this year (1876), produced on i\\nacre, in Spalding County, 137 bushels of oats.\\nCaptain E. T. Davis, of Thomas County, produced\\nin 1873 9^% bushels of rust-proof oats per acre. After\\nthe oats were harvested he planted the same land in cot-\\nton, and gathered 800 pounds of seed-cotton per acre.\\nMr. T. C. Warthen, of Washington County, pro-\\nduced in 1873, o^ 1-1125 acres, 6917 pounds of seed-\\ncotton, equivalent to 5 bales of 461 pounds each, worth\\nat the average price that year 17^ cents $403.37,\\nwhich, less the cost, $148.58, gives a net profit of\\n$254.79 for the above area a very small fraction over i\\nacre.\\n**Mr. R. M. Brooks, of Pike County, produced in\\n1873, o^ 5 acres of bottom-land, 500 bushels of rice, at\\na total cost of $75, giving a net income of $300 on 5\\nacres.\\n**Mr. John J. Parker, of Thomas County, produced\\nin 1874, on I acre, 694}^ gallons of cane syrup, worth,\\nat 75 cents per gallon, $520.87 total cost of production,\\n$77.50; net profit, $443-37-\\nMr. J. R. Winters, of Cobb County, produced in\\n1873, o 1-15 acres, 6575 pounds of dry clover hay at\\nthe first cutting of second year s crop.\\nMr. R. B. Baxter, of Hancock County, harvested at\\nthe first cutting, first year s crop, 1872, from land which\\nhad been covered with a complete sod of Bermuda grass\\nfor many years until a few years of seeding to clover,\\n4862 pounds of dry clover hay per acre.\\nDr. T. P. Janes, of Greene County, produced in\\n187 1 5 tons of clover hay per acre in one season, two\\ncuttings.\\nMr. Patrick Long, of Bibb County, harvested- in\\nAugust, 1873, on an acre of land from which he had", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "PRODUCTIONS OF GEORGIA. 163\\ngathered a crop of cabbages in June of the same year,\\n8646 pounds of native crab-grass hay.\\nMr. S. W. Leak, of Spalding County, gathered in\\nthe fall of 1873, on an acre of land from which he had\\nharvested, in June, 40 bushels of wheat, 10,726 pounds\\nof pea-vine hay. This acre yielded in wheat a net profit\\nof $(i(i in June, and the following fall in pea-vine hay\\n$233.08, making in one year a net profit from i acre of\\n$299.08.\\nMr. L. B. Willis, of Greene County, harvested in\\nJune, 1873, f^o i/^ ^cres of land, 20 bushels of wheat,\\nand the following October, 27,130 pounds of corn-forage.\\nFrom the forage he received a net profit per acre of\\n$159.22.\\nMr. R. Peters, Jr., of Gordon County, harvested in\\n1874, from 3 acres of lucerne, four years old, 14 tons\\nand 200 pounds of hay, or 9400 pounds per acre. This\\nland was mowed four times, viz., May 17, July 6, August\\n3, and September 30.\\nDr. W. Moody, of Greene County, harvested at one\\ncutting, from an acre of Oconee River bottom, in 1874,\\n13,953 pounds of Bermuda grass hay, at a total cost of\\n$12.87, worth, at 1^ cents per pound, $209.29, a net\\nprofit per acre of $196.42.\\nCaptain C. W. Howard produced on Lookout Moun-\\ntain, Walker County, in 1874, on fresh land which cost\\nhim 25 cents per acre, 108^ bushels of very fine Irish\\npotatoes, with one hoeing and one ploughing, the whole\\ncost of production per acre being $11.25; net proceeds\\nof 108)^ bushels sold in Atlanta for $97.25. While this\\nwas not a large yield under favorable circumstances, it\\nwas a very fine yield for freshly-cleared, unmanured land,\\nand the expense incurred in their production, and illus-\\ntrates the feasibility of Northern Georgia (a large portion", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "1 64 GEORGIA,\\nof which equals Lake County, Ohio, for the production\\nof the Irish potato, without the risks of the northern sec-\\ntion) producing potatoes enough to supply all of our\\nmarkets during the winter. The mountains and valleys\\nof Northern Georgia are admirably adapted to the pro-\\nduction of Irish potatoes and cabbages, with which our\\ncities have generally been supplied from States north of us.\\nMr. John Dyer, of Bibb County, produced in 1873,\\non I acre, at a cost of ^8, 398.7 bushels of sweet pota-\\ntoes, which, at 75 cents per bushel, gave a net profit per\\nacre of $290.92.\\nDr. J. S. Lavender, of Pike County, in 1873, V^^\\nduced on i acre 1552 bushels of turnips.\\nThe following illustrates what may be made by diver-\\nsified farming properly conducted\\nAt the Fair of the Georgia State Agricultural Society\\nin 1874, a premium of $50 was awarded to Mr. Wiley\\nW. Groover, of Brooks County, for best results from a\\ntwo-horse farm. His farm consisted of 126^ acres, on\\nwhich crops to the value of $3,258.25 were produced that\\nyear. Total cost of production, $1045; net proceeds,\\n$2,213.25. No guano or other commercial fertilizers\\nwere used on this farm that year, or for five years pre-\\nceding. The crops cultivated were oats, corn, peas,\\nground-peas, sweet potatoes, sugar-cane, and cotton. The\\nstock reared on the farm that year was not included in\\nthe schedule of products.\\nWhile the foregoing are exceptional cases, far exceed-\\ning the usual results, they serve to illustrate the capacity\\nof Georgia soil when fertilized and properly cultivated,\\nwith brains applied under the guidance of science.\\nAgriculture was formerly regarded as a mere art,\\nempiric in all its branches. Now it is generally recog-\\nnized in Georgia as an applied science. The old prejudice", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "PRODUCTIONS OF GEORGIA. 165\\nagainst book-farming, as that to which science has\\nbeen applied is called, is rapidly giving way to en-\\nlightened progress. The truths eliminated by scientific\\nresearch are now eagerly appropriated by the advanced\\nagriculturists. Our agriculture is on the ascending scale,\\nand the time is not far distant when such results as those\\ngiven will be common occurrences.\\nSTOCK-RAISING IN GEORGIA.\\nThe same obstacle which has been in the way of every\\nother diversified interest in Georgia viz., cotton-culture\\nhas seriously militated against the bestowal of proper\\nattention upon raising stock. It is true stock has been,\\nall things considered, successfully raised in every section\\nof Georgia, not because proper attention has been be-\\nstowed upon them, but because the climate and vegetation\\nhave so favored their growth as to make them profitable\\nin spite of gross neglect.\\n**The results given under the head of Improved Cul-\\nture demonstrate the fact that in all sections of the\\nState abundant forage crops can be raised for every de-\\nscription of stock.\\nHorses and Mules. The results of inquiry made of\\nthe farmers in 1875 demonstrate the fact that horses and\\nmules can be raised in Georgia at half what they cost when\\npurchased from the West. Not only this, but those raised\\nin Georgia are notoriously more hardy and serviceable\\nthan- those bred further North.\\nBut little attention has been given to breeding horses\\nand mules, because of the absorbing influence of cotton-\\nculture, which prevented attention to pasture-lands in-\\ndeed, Georgia, with the exception of the northern portion,\\nhas always been essentially ^phuifing region. The difficul-\\nties of the labor problem are now compelling land-owners", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "1 66 GEORGIA.\\nto look to stock as a solution to this knotty question,\\nsince less hired labor is required, and consequently less\\nexpense and vexation attend it than planting.\\nCattle. There has been but little attention given\\nto the improvement of the breed of cattle in the State,\\nand insufficient care given even to the common stock.\\nThe whole available force of the larger portion of the\\nState has been engaged in the destruction of grass for the\\nlast century, and yet it still grows. One tithe of the effort\\nthat has been bestowed upon the destruction of grass\\nwould clothe our fields with such a carpet of verdure as\\nwould render Georgia the finest stock-region on the\\nglobe.\\nThe very large breeds of cattle are not adapted to\\nthe Middle and Southern portions of Georgia, but the\\nsmaller breeds Jersey, Ayrshire, and Devon are ad-\\nmirably adapted to all sections of the State. The cross\\nof the short horn on the native stock does well where\\nsufficient pasturage is afforded but the above breeds all\\nsucceed well, either pure or as grades resulting from their\\ncross upon the native.\\nIn much the larger portion of the State, cattle may\\nsubsist upon green food throughout the year. In many\\nsections there are cane swamps which afford excellent\\nnatural pasture all winter. Small grain sown early in the\\nfall affords abundant pasturage through the winter, and is\\nnot materially injured by being grazed during moderately\\ndry weather. Oats, rye, and barley may be thus pastured,\\nif sown in August or September, and yet produce abun-\\ndant harvests the following summer. They may be pas-\\ntured until the middle of February or first of March,\\naccording to the latitude and elevation. The heaviest\\ncrops of oats that have been made have generally suc-\\nceeded winter-grazing. Any farm, by proper manage-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "PRODUCTIONS OF GEORGIA. 167\\nment, may afford green pasturage for stock during the\\nlarger portion of winter.\\nBesides the pasturage which small grain crops afford,\\nthere is no difficulty in securing abundant crops of cul-\\ntivated or natural grass for hay or pasture. The field-\\npea, which grows so luxuriantly on all of the sandy soils\\nof the primary, cretaceous, and tertiary formations, sup-\\nplies the place of clover which thrives on the more elevated\\nclay and clay-loams of Middle and Northern Georgia.\\nThe most valuable and reliable grass, and one which\\nis destined to aid largely in revolutionizing the system of\\nagriculture in the cotton belt of Georgia, as well as to\\nrenovate the worn hills, is the Bermuda, perhaps the most\\nvaluable pasture grass in the world, surpassing, in nutritive\\nproperties and compactness of sod, the famous Blue Grass\\nof Kentucky, having, according to the analysis of Dr.\\nRavenel, 14 per cent, of the albuminoids. A Bermuda\\ngrass sod, properly managed, will afford excellent pasture\\nfor cattle for nine months and for sheep the entire year.\\nThere will be but little demand for dry forage in Middle\\nand Lower Georgia, such is the mildness of the climate\\nand the character of the spontaneous growth but there\\nis no difficulty in supplying excellent dry forage in any\\ndesired quantity and at very small cost.\\nLucerne, being perennial, is perhaps the most econom-\\nical for green soiling or for hay, since it can be cut so early\\nin the spring, and so frequently, and ranks so high in nutri-\\ntion and in soil improvement but corn forage, the various\\nmillets, clover, native grasses, and pea-vine hay, as well\\nas Bermuda grass hay, can all be saved, of excellent quality\\nand in large quantity, for winter use, when necessary.\\nCotton-seed, steamed or boiled, and mixed with cut\\nhay and turnips, affords a cheap and excellent food for\\nmilch-cows.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "1 68 GEORGIA,\\nThere is no market, as yet, for milk, except for that\\nproduced in the vicinity of cities but the manufacture\\nof butter is very profitable to the extent of supplying the\\ndemand of non-producers in the State. What is known\\nas wire -grass affords fine spring pasture in the pine forests\\nof Southern Georgia, where the largest herds of cattle\\nand sheep are kept, little more care being taken than to\\ngather them up once a year for marking.\\nSheep. There are few sections of the world in which\\nsheep can be raised more profitably than in Georgia.\\nWhen the value of Bermuda grass is appreciated by the\\nfarmers, and the thin and rolling portions of their farms\\nare clothed with it, which seems to have been intended\\nespecially for sheep, Georgia will sustain a sheep for every\\nacre of territory and thirty-seven million of sheep would\\nbe worth to their owners, in the aggregate, thirty-seven\\nmillion dollars net per annum, nearly double the present\\ngross value of the cotton-crop of the State.\\nLike other stock, sheep have, thus far, received very\\nlittle attention, but have been so favored by climate and\\nvegetation as to pay, even under our neglectful sys-\\ntem, an average of dT, per cent, per annum net profit on\\nthe investment, the average cost of raising a pound\\nof wool in the State being only six cents, and the net\\nprofit on each pound being twenty-seven and one-third\\ncents.\\nMr. David Ayres, with thirty-five hundred sheep, of\\ncommon stock, which range on the wire-grass of Southern\\nGeorgia without a shepherd, makes an annual profit of\\n90 per cent, on his investment and labor, the latter con-\\nsisting only in marking and shearing.\\nMr. Robert C. Humber, with the cross of the merino\\non the common stock, makes a clear profit per annum of\\n100 per cent, on his investment and labor. His sheep", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "PRODUCTIONS OF GEORGIA. 169\\nhave a Bermuda grass pasture, and receive no attention,\\nexcept regular salting,\\nThe sources of pasturage mentioned under the head\\nof cattle are equally available for sheep.\\nOnly a i^^^ experiments have been made with soiling\\nsheep on turnips. Mr. David Dickson herded his sheep\\non several acres of turnips, and gathered the next year\\nfour thousand pounds of seed-cotton per acre, an increase\\nof three thousand pounds per acre as the effect of folding.\\nThere has never been a fair experiment in sheep-\\nraising in Southern Georgia, combining proper attention\\nto the flock, a judicious selection and crossing, with a\\nreasonable provision for the best development of frame\\nand fleece. There has been but one in North Georgia.\\nMr. R. Peters has given stock-raising, generally, very\\nthorough attention, with satisfactory results both as to the\\nstock and the incidental improvement of the soil, the\\ncapacity of which for pasturing purposes has increased\\ntenfold in twenty years. Mr. Peters is now breeding with\\nmost satisfactory results the pure Angora goat, which will,\\nwhen properly understood and appreciated, be extensively\\nbred in all the mountain and hill country of the State.\\nHogs. The peculiar adaptation of our climate and\\nsoil for the production of roots, tubers, and other crops\\nthat may be harvested by the hog, renders the raising of\\nthis important food-animal both easy and cheap. The\\nonly difiiculties in the way of the production of an abun-\\ndant supply of pork in Georgia are found in the ravages\\nof cholera and thieves, and the indisposition of the farm-\\ners to plant crops for the especial benefit of the hog,\\nand to give other proper attention. The removal of the\\nlast two obstacles would to a large extent, if not entirely,\\nremove the first two. With proper attention to the pro-\\nduction of such crops as the field-pea, ground-pea, chufa,\\nH IS", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "lyo GEORGIA.\\nsweet potato, and small grain, with the addition of clover\\non soils suited to its growth, pork can be raised in Georgia\\nas cheaply as in any part of the United States, and almost\\nwithout consumption of corn, except to harden the flesh\\nfor a short time before killing.\\nPoultry. There are no obstacles to successful poul-\\ntry-raising in Georgia, except the indisposition of the\\npeople to give proper attention to food and range. With\\nBermuda grass for summer and small grain pasture for\\nwinter, they can have the necessary green food throughout\\nthe year. The field-pea and chufa, with a small admix-\\nture of the varieties of small grain, will afford ample sup-\\nply of grain, while there is, with the exception of a few\\nmonths, an abundant supply of animal food gathered from\\nthe range in the form of bugs and worms. There has been\\nsome cholera, but this has been generally prevented by\\nequalizing the supply of animal and vegetable food con-\\nsumed by the fowls throughout the year. This is easily\\ndone by supplying grain in spring and summer to neutral-\\nize the effects of a surplus of animal food, and meat in\\nwinter to supply its deficiency.\\nNature has liberally supplied everything that climate\\nand soil can contribute to successful stock, or poultry-\\nraising in Georgia. The difficulties to be overcome do\\nnot arise from the country^ but from the habits of the\\npeople:", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XIII.\\nClimate and Health of Georgia.\\nPersons seeking homes in Georgia can select any\\nclimate which they may prefer. If they prefer a cool,\\nbracing atmosphere, they can find it in the lovely valleys\\nthat nestle at the foot of the mountain ridges of Northern\\nGeorgia. If a climate yet milder is preferred, it can be\\nhad amid the hills of Middle Georgia or in the southern\\nsection of the State one can find a region where winter\\nscarcely comes ere it is gone again.\\nThe following letter from Dr. Wm. H. White, formerly\\nsurgeon of the First and Twenty-Second Iowa Volunteers,\\nbut for many years since the war a resident of Atlanta,\\nwill be found interesting. It speaks particularly of the\\nclimate of North Georgia, and is certified to by several\\nleading physicians\\nAtlanta,\\nGentlemen, North Georgia is about eleven hundred\\nfeet above the ocean, as recently demonstrated by Cap-\\ntain Bautwell, of the United States Coast Survey. The\\natmosphere is invigorating, and not subject to marked\\nunexpected changes, as will be seen by the following me-\\nteorological table, taken from the official records of the\\nmilitary post at this place\\n171", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "172\\nGEORGIA.\\nFrom July. 873,\\nDecember, 1875,\\nelusive.\\n1873-\\nJuly\\nAugust\\nSeptember..\\nOctober\\nNovember..\\nDecember..\\n1874\\nJanuary\\nFebruary...\\nMarch\\nApril\\nMay\\nJune\\nJuly\\nAugust\\nSeptember\\nOctober\\nNovember..\\nDecember..\\n1875\\nJanuary...\\nFebruary...\\nMarch\\nApril\\nMay\\nJune\\nJuly\\nAugust\\nSeptember.\\nOctober\\nNovember\\nDecember..\\nHighest and Low-\\nest I emperaiure\\neach month.\\n93\\n97\\n96\\n86\\n75\\n73\\n74\\n78\\n79\\n95\\n95\\n94\\n98\\n91\\n87\\n79\\n74\\n69\\n77\\n81\\n94\\n99\\n99\\n91\\n97\\n82\\n80\\n75\\n63\\n52\\n21\\n20\\n15\\n27\\n34\\n46\\n59\\n64\\n58\\n47\\n25\\n23\\n23\\n7\\n24\\n27\\n40\\n55\\n66\\n60\\n44\\n28\\n24\\n66\\nMonthly Aver-\\nage each 24\\nhours\\nRainfall in\\ninches.\\nMEAN.\\n78.78\\n.87\\n77.70\\n.08\\n72.38\\nS40\\n59.12\\nT.23\\n47.30\\n3.15\\n42.20\\n2.41\\n42.70\\n3.14\\n44.80\\n6.86\\n52.06\\n7.38\\n57.78\\n10.42\\n70.10\\n3.00\\n77.50\\n7.00\\n77.70\\n4.70\\n76.88\\n10.00\\n7200\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a247\\n61.40\\n.80\\n53-11\\n3.19\\n45.02\\n3.00\\n38.56\\n5.60\\n42.18\\n6.92\\n55.51\\n10.27\\n57.96\\n4-79\\n69.50\\n1.77\\n77.05\\n3.98\\n81.22\\n4.04\\n75.19\\n3.02\\n70.18\\n4.24\\n57.10\\n2.08\\n53.71\\n3.76\\n4986\\n3-75\\nHumidity.\\n85.50\\n76.00\\n73.00\\n78.00\\n68.00\\n70.00\\n78.00\\n77.00\\n73.00\\n70.00\\n58.00\\n69.00\\n75.00\\n71.06\\n67.22\\n56.46\\n50.5s\\n43.83\\n38.82\\n39.36\\n48.47\\n53.28\\n63.24\\n71.03\\n75.65\\n71.41\\n6556\\n53.48\\n51. II\\n48.14\\nIt will be observed that our coldest day in 1873 ^^s\\n15\u00c2\u00b0 above zero, in 1874, 12\u00c2\u00b0 above, and in 1875, 4\u00c2\u00b0\\nmaking our mean winter weather about 45\u00c2\u00b0 above zero;\\nthe mean heat of summer about 75\u00c2\u00b0 above, which is an\\naverage of from ten to fourteen degrees less than that of the\\nMiddle and Western States; while our atmospheric changes", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF GEORGIA.\\n173\\nat all seasons are more gradual and less extreme, and, as a\\nrule, a quilt or a blanket is required summer nights.\\n^Weare not subject to epidemic diseases. Not even\\nin Atlanta, with a population of thirty-six thousand, with\\ndaily arrivals from all sections, has yellow fever or cholera\\never prevailed, and but few cases of dysentery or small-\\npox have been developed. As to chills and fever, when\\nthey have occurred (as a rule), the cause could be traced to\\na visit to, or former residence in, some miasmatic district.\\nThis bracing atmosphere oxygenates the blood without\\noppressing the breathing apparatus, and is, therefore, pe-\\nculiarly adapted to persons from a northern or more\\nrigorous climate especially those suffering with chronic\\nweakness of the lungs. In the winter months we have\\nsome rainy weather, requiring the usual precautions against\\nthese atmospheric changes.\\nHaving passed my early life in New York, practising\\nmy profession in the Northwest for fourteen years, and\\nbeing stationed in and having passed over most of the\\nSouth during the war, I have had opportunities of expe-\\nriencing and observing the climatic effects of the several\\nportions of the United States, rarely enjoyed. My con-\\nclusion is that the climate of North Georgia, taking all\\nseasons together, is the finest in America; and this is\\nthe opinion of all intelligent travellers I have ever met.\\nI have found that pleurisy, pneumonia, catarrh, and\\nall affections of the respiratory organs are rare here, as\\ncompared with those generally met with in the North and\\nWest so with epidemic and typhoid forms of fevers. I\\nhave also found that persons coming from those sections\\nsuffering from any weakness of the lungs, or catarrh, or\\na tendency to consumption, or suffering general nervous\\nprostration, be the cause what it may, are almost certain\\nto be benefited yes, get well by coming to this region\\n15*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "174\\nGEORGIA.\\nof country. As illustrative of this fact, there are hun-\\ndreds of old citizens and old persons in North Georgia\\nenjoying, and who have enjoyed, good health, who came\\nhere years ago as a last resort, and they were believed by\\ntheir friends to be consumptive. I can but think that\\nthese marvellously pleasant results are owing, in part, to\\nthe vast number of mineral springs which are everywhere\\nto be found in Upper Georgia.\\nWe have long been satisfied, and we believe results\\nwarrant us in saying, this section of country is far better for\\ninvalids than that of Florida, as it is less liable to sudden\\nchanges, free from unpleasant, depressing ocean- and gulf-\\nbreezes, loaded, as they are, with the chloride of sodium\\nabsorbed from the salt waters, and miasm of its vast\\nswampy bottoms and marshes; and, above all, there is\\nconstant want of a bracing strength-giving atmosphere. I\\nalso say, without intending to detract from the reputation\\nof Aiken as a noted and fine winter home for Northern\\ninvalids, that I can but think, and that others must, when\\nthe fact is considered that we are five hundred and fifty\\nfeet higher than that city, and free from its fine white\\nsand, which fills the nose and air-passages every time the\\nwind stirs it, that ours is decidedly the safest and best for\\nthis class of persons. For years past, Atlanta, Marietta,\\nStone Mountain, Athens, etc., have been the summer re-\\nsort of many persons from the southern portion of this\\nState, Alabama, Florida, and Louisiana, and, during the\\nlast season, of many Northern persons. Lassitude and\\nlanguor are not experienced here, even as much so as in\\nmany portions of the North.\\nI am not practising, but shall be glad to extend any\\ncourtesy to Northern visitors.\\nWm. H. White, M.D.,\\nLate Surgeon First and Twenty-Second\\nIowa Volunteer Infantry.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF GEORGIA.\\n^75\\nWe fully concur with Dr. White as to what he has\\nstated in the above letter, as to epidemics, chills and\\nfevers, as to our climate and its effects generally on per-\\nsons coming from the North.\\nH. V. M. Miller, M.D.\\n*W. G. Owens, M.D.\\nR. B. Ridley, M.D.\\n*^A. M. Calhoun, M.D.,\\nProfessor Atlanta Medical College.\\nJ. T. Todd, M.D.,\\nVice-President Atlanta Academy of Medicine.\\nWm. Abram Love, M.D.,\\nProfessor Atlanta Medical College.\\nW. F. Westmoreland, M.D.,\\nProfessor Atlanta Medical College.\\nG. G. Crawford, M.D.\\nCharles Pinckney, M.D.\\nH. B. Lee, M.D.\\nThe Sand Hills, two and a half miles from Augusta, in\\nthe extreme eastern part of Middle Georgia, on whose\\nsummit stands the pretty town of Summerville, are a con-\\ntinuation of the same ridge on which Aiken, in South\\nCarolina, is situated hence the same causes which make\\nAiken such an excellent resort for invalids from the North,\\nrender Summerville an equally healthy abode for such\\npersons. Summerville possesses one great advantage over\\nAiken in its proximity to Augusta, which city the invalid\\ncan reach by a short ride on the street railway, and there\\nhe can procure many comforts that cannot be obtained in\\nthe town of Aiken. Summerville was originally only a\\nsummer resort of the wealthy citizens of Augusta; but\\nmany of them, pleased with its healthful and bracing win-\\nter air, have made it their permanent abode. It is regu-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "176 GRORGIA.\\nlarly laid out with broad streets shaded by ehns and other\\ntrees, and contains many handsome residences surrounded\\nby lovely gardens. The population of the town is about\\none thousand. The views from the various prominent\\npoints in the town are very fine that from the plateau,\\non which stands the residence of Colonel Milledge, is\\nespecially so, and this spot would be a splendid site for a\\nfirst-class hotel. There can be no doubt that an enter-\\nprise of this character would pay well, for during the\\nwinter and spring months there have been hundreds of\\nunsuccessful applicants for accommodation at the few\\nhouses open for the reception of boarders. Such a hotel\\nwould attract to Summerville many of those who now\\nresort to Aiken to avoid the bleak climate of the North.\\nWith regard to the healthfulness of these Sand Hills and the\\ncountry adjacent, including the city of Augusta, I cannot\\ndo better than give several extracts from a little pamphlet,\\nby Dr. S. E. Habersham, on the Hilly Pine Region of\\nGeorgia and South Carolina, published in Augusta, in\\n1869. Speaking of the Sand Hills, he says, This plateau\\nis, properly speaking, the true summit of the hills in this\\nState, being the highest point attained by it, and on its\\neastern terminus is situated a portion of the village, in-\\ncluding the United States Arsenal and grounds. The\\ngradual slope of this plateau to the south and east, the\\nsandy nature of the soil, with the pine and oak growth\\n(blackjack), make it extremely dry and well adapted for\\nthose pulmonary sufferers who require a very dry climate\\nand low dew-point while the sidesof the ridge being nearer\\nthe valley are better adapted to those for whom a semi-\\nhumid atmosphere is necessary. This condition can be\\nincreased or diminished by approaching to or receding\\nfrom the valley, which fact makes the village of Summer-\\nville more suitable as a residence for the j^ulmonary suf-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OE GEORGIA.\\n177\\nferer than any locality I am aware of, since it is well known\\nthat though the great proportion of phthisical patients\\nrequire a dry climate, yet there are occasionally those\\nwho are benefited by a comparatively humid atmosphere.\\nThis is particularly the case with asthmatic patients, who,\\nin the great majority of cases, are benefited by residing\\nhere. As this peculiarity of constitution can only be\\ndetermined by actual experiment, we have, in the close\\nproximity of these two hygrometrical conditions, an easy\\nand convenient means of determining the fact.\\nIn the pamphlet from which I have just quoted, I also\\nfind the following letter from Dr. L. A. Dugas, one of the\\nmost prominent physicians of Georgia. The letter is ad-\\ndressed to Dr. Habersham, and dated January 2, 1869:\\nDear Sir, In a note recently received from you, I\\nfind the following request Will you do me the favor\\nto give me the results of your experience and observation\\nas to the influence exerted by this climate upon tubercular\\nconsumption and kindred diseases? I will endeavor to\\nmake my reply as brief as possible.\\nHaving commenced the practice of my profession in\\n1 83 1, after spending several years in preparing myself for\\nit in the colder sections of our country and in Europe,\\nwhere tubercular affections and typhoid fever constitute a\\ngreat majority of the cases treated in hospitals, I was very\\nsoon forcibly impressed with the rarity of those diseases\\nin this section, in comparison with what I had seen else-\\nwhere. Indeed, some six or seven years elapsed before I\\nsaw the first case of genuine typhoid fever, when this\\nform of fever first began to show itself here. I need\\nscarcely add that since that time typhoid fever has grad-\\nually invaded and extended over all the Southern States.\\nTuberculosis, in its various forms, and especially phthisis\\npulmonalis, was scarcely ever seen, except in those who\\nH*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "178\\nGEORGIA.\\nfled from the North in order to escape it, and among the\\nnegroes imported from Maryland and Virginia, where they\\nhad inherited the tendency. Such a radical change in\\nthe field of my observation could not fail to attract my\\nattention, and to impress me as before stated.\\nIn 1836 I had occasion to examine the mortuary\\nrecords of the city sexton as far back as they could be\\nfound, for the purpose of preparing an article on the\\nsubject for the Southern Medical and Surgical Journal^\\npublished in this city. The result of this, as well as of\\nsubsequent researches, furnishes a striking confirmation\\nof the correctness of my impressions.\\nIt seems to me that the best test of the influence of\\nclimate upon the development of tuberculosis must be\\nfound in the relative frequency of such cases among the\\nnatives of this and of other sections who remain at home.\\nJudged by this standard, it will be readily ascertained\\nthat, while phthisis pulmonalis is very common in our\\nNorthern States among the natives, it is quite rare here\\namong our own people, I know of very few native fami-\\nlies in Augusta who have ever suffered from consumption,\\nand these have only lost one or two members by it. I\\ndoubt that there are exceeding ten families who have been\\nthus even partially affected within my recollection.\\nAgain, if we confine our observation alone to those\\nwho have emigrated from the north of the United States\\nand from Europe, it will be found that, although many\\nbear with them the hereditary taint, comparatively few\\nwill experience its fatal development. The conclusion is,\\ntherefore, irresistibly forced upon us that this climate\\ndoes exert a most beneficial influence over this class of\\naffections.\\nIs there any difference in the several sections of\\nGeorgia with regard to this comparative immunity from", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF GEORGIA. 179\\nphthisis? There is a marked difference. I find that in\\n1852 I made the following remarks in an editorial article\\nof the journal above alluded to (p. 2i^)\\nThe value of removal to the South of persons af-\\nfected in the Northern States with consumption, has\\nbeen heretofore very generally admitted but it is now\\nasked whether much, if any, advantage is to be derived\\nfrom spending merely the winter months at the South, and\\nreturning to the North in the spring; and it is added that\\nif a temperate atmosphere be all that is needed, this may\\nbe obtained in New England by means of a well-regulated\\nsystem of artificial heat. We believe it to be an error to\\nsuppose that the Southern States owe their immunity from\\nphthisis alone to the mildness of their winters. If such\\nwere the fact, all mild climates ought to be equally exempt,\\nand all cold latitudes alike unfavorable. Yet phthisis is\\nmuch more common upon the seaboard and in the moun-\\ntainous districts of the Southern States than at interme-\\ndiate points, and it is comparatively rare in the northern\\nportions of Canada and Russia, whilst it makes frightful\\nhavoc in milder England, France, and our Northern\\nStates.\\nThat a temporary sojourn in the Southern States is\\nadvantageous, we doubt not but that a permanent resi-\\ndence is still more so, we feel quite certain. Every prac-\\ntitioner of experience, and who is acquainted with the\\nmeans of accurately determining the state of the lungs,\\nmust have often observed how wonderfully large abscesses\\nwill heal here, which would have certainly proved fatal\\nin a less genial climate. The writer knows persons in\\nthis State who had tubercular abscesses as long as twenty\\nyears ago, which healed kindly, and have left them ever\\nsince in the enjoyment of apparently good health. That\\nall are not equally fortunate, is too true yet we feel as-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "l8o GEORGIA.\\nsured that it is only by remaining in the South, both sum-\\nmer and winter, sufficiently long to acquire the peculiarities\\nof a Southern constitution, that lasting benefit may be ex-\\npected. The best locations are obviously those in which\\nthe disease originates most rarely, and these are unques-\\ntionably to be found midway between the mountains and\\nseaboard.\\nThis favored belt commences at the termination of\\nthe primitive region, where the rivers of the Atlantic slope\\ntumble over the last ledges of granite rocks, that is to say,\\nat Augusta, Milledgeville, Macon, and Columbus, and\\nvaries from thirty to sixty miles in width below the shoals.\\nThe so-called Sand Hills, with pine forests which\\ncharacterize this belt, are only a few hundred feet above\\nthe sea are supplied with pure water, and have a healthy\\natmosphere, peculiarly adapted to those threatened with\\nor suffering from pulmonary disease. I must .say, how-\\never, that some cases do better in the valley of Augusta\\nthan upon the adjacent heights, and vice versa. Why this\\nis so I cannot determine.\\nYours, very truly, L. A. Dugas.\\nThis testimony of Dr. Dugas is fully corroborated by\\nthat of other prominent physicians of Augusta.\\nThe meteorological register, kept by the officers of\\nthe medical staff at the United States Arsenal in Sum-\\nmerville, contains a series of uninterrupted daily ther-\\nmometrical observations, made at sunrise, at nine o clock\\nA.M., three o clock p.m., and nine o clock p.m., for more\\nthan twenty years, including three of the coldest winters\\nand hottest summers within the memory of the oldest in-\\nhabitants. These observations show the mean average\\ntemperature of the year to be 64\u00c2\u00b0 Fahr., and the mean\\nmonthly temperature to be as follows", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF GEORGIA. i8i\\nFor January, 46\u00c2\u00b0 7 Fahr.\\nFor February, 50\u00c2\u00b0 7 Fahr.\\nFor March, 58\u00c2\u00b0 8 Fahr.\\nFor April, 65\u00c2\u00b0 i Fahr.\\nFor May, 72\u00c2\u00b0 2 Fahr.\\nFor June, 79\u00c2\u00b0 Fahr.\\nFor July, 80\u00c2\u00b0 9 Fahr.\\nFor August, 79\u00c2\u00b0 i Fahr.\\nFor September, 72\u00c2\u00b0 8 Fahr.\\nFor October, df 5 Fahr.\\nFor November, 53\u00c2\u00b0 8 Fahr.\\nFor December, 46\u00c2\u00b0 3 Fahr.\\nThe mean temperature for the four seasons is shown to\\nbe for the spring, 65\u00c2\u00b0 3 Fahr. for the summer, 79\u00c2\u00b0 9\\nautumn, 63\u00c2\u00b0 4 winter, 47\u00c2\u00b0 9 The rainfall for the four\\nseasons is for the spring, 10.16 inches; summer, 14.14\\ninches; autumn, 6.95 inches; winter, 5.92 inches. The\\nmean number of fair days during the year is 238 cloudy\\ndays, 127; rainy days, 70; snow about two days in three\\nyears.\\nThe following I also get from Dr. Habersham s pam-\\nphlet\\nDr. Joseph Jones, in his topographical description\\nof the country around Americus, in Sumter County,\\nGeorgia, published in the medical report of the United\\nStates Sanitary Commission, 1867, thus describes the sand\\nhills of that part of the State\\nAndersonville (near Americus), with the surrounding\\nhills, including the Confederate military prison, is ele-\\nvated from three hundred and fifty to four hundred and\\nthirty-five feet above the level of the ocean, and is sit-\\nuated in Sumter County, Georgia, between the Flint and\\nChattahoochee Rivers, seven miles due west of the former,\\nand forty-two miles east of the latter, in about 32\u00c2\u00b0 10\\n16", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "i82 GEORGIA.\\nnorth latitude, and 38\u00c2\u00b0 26 west longitude, near the com-\\nmencement of the western slope of the dividing ridge\\nbetween the streams flowing southwesterly into the Gulf of\\nMexico and those flowing southeasterly into the Atlantic\\nOcean.\\nFort Valley, twenty miles northeast of Anderson ville,\\nat an elevation of five hundred and thirty feet, lies upon\\nthe west of the ridge running between the Ocmulgee and\\nFlint Rivers; the former, uniting with the Oconee and\\nforming the Altamaha, empties into the Atlantic Ocean,\\nand the latter, uniting with the Chattahoochee and forming\\nthe Apalachicola River, pours its waters into the Gulf of\\nMexico. From this dividing ridge the country slopes\\ntowards the Atlantic on the southeast, and towards the\\nGulf of Mexico on the southwest-\\n*The summit of the hill at Andersonville, upon which\\nthe Confederate States General Hospital has been located,\\nis four hundred and thirty-five feet above the level of the\\nsea, and, according to the railroad survey, is next to the\\nhighest point on the railroad between Oglethorpe and\\nAlbany, the highest point between them being about\\nfour hundred and eighty and six-tenths feet. High table-\\nland, with an average elevation of about four hundred\\nand sixty feet, lies between Andersonville and Americus,\\nthe highest being four hundred and eighty and six-tenths\\nfeet.\\n*The following are the elevations above the level of\\nthe sea at several points above Andersonville railroad\\ndepot, three hundred and ninety-nine feet hill opposite\\ndepot, four hundred and eighty feet, etc. The hills of\\nthis rolling country in and around Andersonville vary in\\nheight from forty to one hundred and eighty feet above\\nthe level of the water-courses.\\nThis region, as above described by Dr. Jones, ter-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF GEORGIA. 183\\nminates the Sand Hill region in Georgia on its western\\nboundary.\\nFrom a small guide to South Georgia and Florida,\\npublished by the Gulf Railroad, I iiaye been granted the\\nliberty of making the following extract on the induce-\\nments to tourists, health-seekers, and immigrants\\nGEORGIA.\\nFor home comfort and abundance, no country is\\nbetter suited, if one will but make them a prime object.\\nGermans and other foreigners have frequently remarked\\non the advantage of winter crops, and the ground working\\nfor them all the time, and not being ice-bound in winter.\\nIncreased population would rapidly lead to diversifi-\\ncation of pursuits, which again would rapidly develop\\nthe needed capital from within, if not from abroad and\\nwe do not hesitate to say, as the result of observation and\\nexperience, that the best immigration is the immigration\\nfrom the Northern States, or domestic, rather than from\\nabroad, or foreign. These are soonest assimilated. The\\nbest means of harmonizing the sections is by the mutual\\nacquaintance to which such immigration will give rise.\\nSectional antipathies are based on mutual ignorance, and\\ndisappear before knowledge.\\nCome and see for yourselves. Do not expect fairy-\\nland, or exemption from labor and care, but come and\\ncompare climate, productions, and the general conditions\\nof comfort with those to be had elsewhere, and you will\\nfind them to compare favorably. You will quickly see\\nthat we have not improved our natural advantages ade-\\nquately, but you will find that nature has done her part\\nwell; and if you but bring with you good habits of pains-\\ntaking and economy, you will soon build up a delightful\\nhome. You will find good sense and good feeling, and.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "1 84 GEORGIA.\\nin any considerable community, men of culture and refine-\\nment: still, generally, they do not show so well at first\\nas on longer acquaintance.\\nYou should visit the country, and see the capacities\\nof the soil and climate. Do not regard the present agri-\\nculturists as knowing everything, nor yet fall into the\\ncontrary error of supposing they know nothing in fact,\\nthey know much yet the present is but a transition state,\\nand they have not fully solved the problem of conformity\\nto the new conditions of life and labor. The young men\\nand the new men are now on an equal experience-level\\nwith the old, so you will have a fair start.\\nThe inducements generally referred to are agricul-\\ntural. Those for manufacturers are equally great. For\\nsuccess in these, nothing is needed but capital and good\\nmanagement and where will they thrive without both\\nAll the needful conditions are here for the development\\nof the most profitable manufacturing industry in the\\nwhole country. Climate, material, and power all exist\\ntogether in an unsurpassed condition.\\nProfessional men we do not need so much as men of\\nscience and skill. Our people have, themselves, devoted\\nmuch more of their time to other subjects than to science\\nor to expertness in labor.\\nWe think South Georgia and Florida, all things con-\\nsidered, the most desirable of all the sections open for\\nimmigration, and still inadequately populated. In all\\nlands there are sickness and death, hard times, evil days\\nand evil people, mixed with the blessings and the good\\nthings of life. Trouble and discipline, labor and sorrow,\\nare incident to all climes yet nature has been provident\\nin her gifts to us, and man needs only an average care and\\nskill to make here as happy homes as the world has ever\\nknown. The earth, with its range of productions, the", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF GEORGIA. 185\\nsun and air and conditions of climate, the abundant wood\\nand water and water-power, the present settled state of\\nthe country and degree of development, and the future\\npromise for one s children of a still higher development,\\nall point to the South as admirably suited for immigra-\\ntion, and to no part of the South more than to South\\nGeorgia and Florida.\\nCLIMATE.\\nADVANTAGES OF OUR CLIMATE.\\nDr. C. H. Hall, Macon, Ga.\\nDear Doctor, Your letter in reference to catarrh\\nand the advantages of this climate in that disease and\\nphthisis has been received. I am glad that inquiry in\\nreference to the prevalence of catarrh in the pine belt\\nhas been made. It is a disease so seldom seen or heard\\nof here, that no special reference has been made to it by\\nthose who have written or spoken of the advantages of\\nour climate in pulmonary disease. In my report, read\\nbefore the Medical Association of Georgia on the adapta-\\nbility of the climate of the pine forests of South Georgia\\nto the consumptive, I gave it as my opinion that no re-\\ngion of country on the continent was more exempt from\\nall diseases of the respiratory organs, among which I in-\\ncluded catarrh. I located here in January, 1864, and\\nhave been engaged in practice ever since. During this\\nperiod of thirteen years I have been called upon to treat\\nbut two cases of nasal catarrh. The Hon. James L.\\nSeward, whom you know to be a close observer, not only\\nin matters of law, but in everything concerning the health\\nand general welfare of the people with whom he has long\\nmingled, informs me that he has been a resident of this\\nplace forty-nine years, and during that time he has rarely\\n16*", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "1 86 GEORGIA.\\nheard of nasal catarrh, the disease to which you refer in\\nyour letter. If there is a disease from which we are more\\nthan any other exempt in the pine belt, it is nasal catarrh.\\nWe have now located here several gentlemen from the\\nEastern and Western States, who have been entirely cured\\nof that disease by a change of residence. Among these\\nis Dr. A. Frost, of Seymour, Indiana. He had suffered for\\nyears, and on removing here was speedily cured. These\\ncases have evidently been cured by our equability of tem-\\nperature and the inhalation of the pine aroma. This\\nwould indicate the therapeutic influence of the oil of tur-\\npentine by atomization in that troublesome and often in-\\ntractable complaint. Our exemption here is in striking\\ncontrast with its prevalence in the elevated lands of Col-\\norado, Minnesota, Nebraska, and New Mexico. If we\\nare to believe the published reports of eminent physicians\\nin these regions, catarrhs bronchial, nasal, and aural are\\nexceedingly common. In these regions of great altitude\\nthe highly rarefied condition of the air is productive of\\nvery sudden and very great vicissitudes in temperature,\\nthe mercury falling in a few hours from thirty to forty de-\\ngrees. This seems to account for the frequency of catarrhs.\\nWhere changes are so sudden and extreme, it is next to\\nimpossible for one to protect himself from the imme-\\ndiate impulse of the change from heat to cold, cutaneous\\ntranspiration is suppressed, and catarrhs result, first gen-\\neral, affecting the mucous membrane of the nasal pas-\\nsages, antrums, and bronchia, and often ending in chronic\\nnasal catarrh. Here we have none of these causes to con-\\ntend with. Our altitude is three hundred and thirty feet\\nabove sea-level we have no extreme vicissitudes of tem-\\nperature our mean temperature in winter is about 53\u00c2\u00b0,\\nand in summer about 83\u00c2\u00b0, with the barometer at about\\n29 and we have the healing influence of the pine", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF GEORGIA.\\n187\\nforests. I apprehend that the word catarrh is not fully\\nunderstood by all invalids. I have examined cases coming\\nhere for the cure of catarrh whose voices entered my\\near upon the chest through cavities which sealed their j\\ndoom.\\nIn reference to the advantages of the piney woods\\nclimate in pulmonary diseases, I have expressed my opin-\\nion very fully in the report mentioned, but it may not be\\namiss, at your request, for me to refer to it in this place\\nby way of comparison. Winter homes for invalids have\\nbeen a subject of discussion for hundreds of years, and\\nyou are aware how the profession have differed on the\\nsubject. I believe some points in this discussion have\\nbeen definitely settled by the results of experiment and\\nexperience. These are ist, that the consumptive should\\nstudiously avoid the dampness and irritating winds of the\\nsea- coast; 2d, that they should seek localities showing\\nthe greatest equability of temperature and 3d, the cli-\\nmate affording the greatest number of fair days, during\\nwhich the invalid may enjoy out-door exercise. In this\\nlocality we are secure against the first, with a close approx-\\nimation to the second, and with very decided compara-\\ntive advantage in the last. We are two hundred miles\\nfrom the Atlantic, and sixty from the Gulf. Our mean\\ntemperature, as I have before stated, in winter is about\\n53\u00c2\u00b0, and in summer about 83\u00c2\u00b0. I made a careful note of\\nthe weather from ist January last to the 17th May inclu-\\nsive, with the following result Total number of days,\\none hundred and thirty-seven during that time it rained\\ntwenty-five times, there were eleven cloudy days, and one\\nhundred and one fair days. You will see from this that\\nthe invalid here would have had, out of the one hun-\\ndred and thirty-seven days, one hundred and twelve\\ndays during which he might have been all day out of", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "1 88 GEORGIA.\\ndoors. I have before me the report of the thermometer\\nfor Thomasville and Santa Barbara, California, for the\\nmonth of January, 1875, follows\\nAt Thomasville the monthly mean temperature was\\n55\u00c2\u00b0 50 highest temperature, 72\u00c2\u00b0; lowest temperature,\\n38\u00c2\u00b0. Santa Barbara, monthly mean temperature, 53\u00c2\u00b0\\n50 highest temperature, 70\u00c2\u00b0 lowest temperature, 38\u00c2\u00b0.\\nIn temperature, you will perceive, we have the advantage\\nof Santa Barbara while in the number of fair days, so\\nimportant to the welfare of the consumptive, we know\\nof no region of country that can report more favorably.\\nSanta Barbara has quite a reputation as a winter resort\\nfor invalids. Distance sometimes lends enchantment to\\nthe view. For some years past some of our brethren, con-\\nceiving the idea that altitude was the great desideratum\\nin consumption, have sent their patients into the elevated\\nregions of Minnesota, Colorado, Nebraska, and New\\nMexico. While I do not question the purity of their\\nmotives, I must say that in many instances they have\\nbeen inconsiderate, if not derelict in their duty to their\\npatients. None of us, however, are infallible in diagno-\\nsis, and we are willing to put a charitable construction\\nupon their motives. I am aware that some, perhaps many,\\nmay differ with me, but I am not willing, in a matter of\\nsuch vital importance, to withhold from the public an\\nhonest opinion through fear of opposition or criticism.\\nI am prepared with irrefutable evidence from the various\\nlocalities named to establish the correctness of the views\\nexpressed.\\nPersons of phthisical diathesis predisposed to phthisis\\nrnayh^ sent into those regions of great altitude with ad-\\nvantage. There the diminished barometric pressure will\\nincrease the number of respirations, and may thus de-\\nvelop the vital capacity and functions of the lungs. But", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OE GEORGIA. 189\\nafter the development of tubercular or caseous deposit,\\nand particularly after the occurrence of vomicae, it must\\nbe decidedly injurious, if not eminently fatal. Why?\\nBecause the vital capacity of the lung is already seriously\\nimpaired, and the more frequent the respiratory acts the\\nless chance is there for healing the lesions. You are aware\\nthat there are no more prolific causes of pulmonary hem-\\norrhage than sudden and extreme vicissitudes of temper-\\nature and diminished barometric pressure. The first class\\nof cases may be benefited by altitude, but for the second\\nclass it is full of danger. The lungs of the first may re-\\nquire exercise, those of the second 7nust have rest. To\\nfind rest they must avoid high altitudes they must avoid\\nthe sea-shore, with its bleak and irritating winds and ex-\\ncessive humidity. And to do this there is no safer place\\nfor them than in the interior pine forests of Southern\\nGeorgia, where they can inhale freely the aroma of the\\npine, with the barometer at 29\u00c2\u00b0 30 instead of 23\u00c2\u00b0, and\\nwhere eighteen respirations per minute, instead of thirty-\\nsix, will be adequate for the supply of oxygen to the blood\\nand tissues. The proportions of nitrogen and oxygen in\\nthe air we breathe are constant throughout the world in\\nall latitudes and altitudes. Notwithstanding this immu-\\ntability in the constituents of the air, there is avery de-\\ncided and essential difference in that breathed in low and\\nhigh altitudes. In high altitudes, on account of its rare-\\nfied condition, the atoms composing it are separated in\\nproportion to its rarefaction, and hence a much greater^\\nvolume must be inhaled to give the same weight and attain\\nthe same end. If we take a consumptive from a locality\\nwith an elevation of three hundred feet and a barometric\\nrange of twenty-nine or thirty inches into one with an\\naltitude of five or six thousand feet and a barometric\\nrange of twenty-three inches, we subject him to the pain-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "ipo GEORGIA.\\nfill alternative of either respiring thirty-six times per\\nminute, or with each inspiration to take in forty cubic\\ninches of air instead of twenty, which is the normal\\namount with lungs of healthy vital capacity at the sea-\\nlevel. His first effort would result in hemorrhage and\\ndeath his second would be impossible. We might just\\nas well expect the blacksmith to keep up a proper heat in\\nhis forge with a leaky bellows.\\nLast year the following item appeared in a Colorado\\nnewspaper: Six human bodies in metallic caskets were\\nshipped yesterday on the Kansas Pacific Railroad. To\\noffset this, nine invalids arrived last night. Here is a com-\\nmentary upon high altitudes* for consumptives. I trust\\nyou will not accuse me of keeping up the climate of the\\npine belt as a cure-all for phthisis. Such is not my\\nintention. Such a climate has never yet been discovered,\\nand he who shall be so fortunate as to find it will be as\\nmuch, if not more, entitled to the gratitude of the human\\nrace and the monumental shaft to perpetuate his memory\\nas the discoverers of ether and vaccine. I have simply\\nendeavored to set forth the advantages of the climate\\nin what I conscientiously believe to be its true light.\\nComparisons are said to be odious, but in this connection\\nI do not so consider them. Now let me say that, of all the\\nresorts for invalids known to me from observation or read-\\ning, I know of none which can be more honestly and\\nstrongly recommended than the pine forests of Southern\\nGeorgia. In candor I must say that, whilst the consump-\\ntive is often materially benefited by a winter sojourn here,\\na change of residence, judging from observation of quite\\na number of cases, seems necessary for permanent relief.\\nI do not wish to weary your patience, but I feel that I\\nshould conclude this letter with the following extract from\\nWinter Homes for Invalids, by Dr. Joseph W. Howe,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF GEORGIA. 191\\nProfessor of Clinical Surgery in the University of New\\nYork, in reference to the *pine forests of Southern\\nGeorgia\\nPine-grove localities have the reputation of being\\nvery healthy. There is usually complete freedom from\\nmalarial and pulmonary diseases. The atmosphere, im-\\npregnated as it is with the peculiar volatile principle of\\nthe trees, has a soothing effect on inflamed throats and\\nirritable lungs. The air agrees with everybody. Invalids\\nwith troublesome coughs and shortness of breath rapidly\\nimprove after a short residence, and some far advanced in\\ntubercular disease recover their health completely. The\\ndryness and mildness of the atmosphere have, of course,\\nsomething to do with the beneficial effects experienced,\\nbut there is no doubt whatever that much of the benefit\\narises from the air being impregnated with the piney\\nodor.\\nVery respectfully, your obedient servant,\\nT. S. Hopkins, M.D.\\nNo more healthy or delightful region can be found\\nthan the northern and middle sections of Georgia, and\\nthough there are some sickly localities in Southern Georgia,\\nthe greater portion of that section is healthy also. Even\\nthe southeastern part of the State, which is in many places\\nhot and sickly, has large districts in which the people\\nenjoy as good health as in any other part of the Union.\\nThough Savannah was so terribly scourged in 1876, yet that\\nwas the first severe epidemic of yellow fever since 1854.\\nGenerally, Savannah is one of the healthiest of American\\ncities. The interior of Georgia is entirely free from epi-\\ndemics of yellow fever or cholera, and can be excelled by\\nno section of the Union for salubrity of climate.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "192 GEORGIA.\\nCONCLUDING REMARKS.\\nIn conclusion, we would say that refinement and hos-\\npitality are confined to no section of the State. In the\\nmountains and smiling valleys of Northern Georgia, amid\\nthe red hills of the middle belt, in the level and fertile\\nregion of Southwestern Georgia, from the seaboard to the\\nChattahoochee, in the rural districts, and in the citieSjtowns,\\nand villages, may be found people whose homes are the\\nabode of refinement and culture, and who, in virtue, in-\\ntelligence, and unbounded hospitality, will compare favor-\\nably with any people anywhere in the world. To the\\nindustrious and hardy emigrants of the Old World they\\nextend an invitation to come and help them build up\\na great and powerful commonwealth. To their fellow-\\ncountrymen of the North and West, who desire to find\\nhomes in a genial and healthy climate, they extend a\\nhearty and cordial greeting. They offer them as good\\neducational and religious privileges as can be found in\\nany portion of the great republic, and as perfect security\\nto life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "POPULATION OF COUNTIES, ETC.\\n193\\ntt\\nbA\\nCO\\nrt\\nc4\\na\\nU5\\n00\\n,C\\nWi\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2d\\n5\\nC\\nC4\\nii\\n0\\na\\n00\\nV\\nt\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nOT\\nrt\\ng\\nc\\n0)\\nC\\nV\\na\\nJ,\\nA\\n0)\\nS\\nJQ\\na\\na\\nro\\na\\nc\\n.C\\nj3\\n3\\n2\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2rt\\nbfl\\nc\\nc\\nctf\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2rt\\nr{\\nu\\n(d\\nen\\n1\\n:3\\nu^\\nTl\\ng\\n5\\nrt\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0g\\n3\\nrt\\ns-\\nT!\\n0.\\n4)\\nP\\na\\nrt\\n4J rS\\nc\u00c2\u00ab\\nQ\\n:H rt o\\no c o u a\\n73\\ni:t C\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0080\u00a2si\\no c o\\n5 rt rt i3 S 5-\\no\\no\\nc\\n1)\\nIs\\nC tn\\nrt J)\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2SpUBJ\\npjiAv JO aniBA aSBjaAy\\nspuBj paAOJd\\n-UIl JO SniBA 33BJ3AV\\nN O VO\\ns.\\nfO(^ MO\\nXjuno3 JO uoi;Bindo J\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sajfs i^iuno^\\ni i\\n.M\\ni^^\\n1\\n5\\n_4,\\nC\\nE\\nW)\\nMl\\nc\\nt\\nt/i\\nU~\\nx6\\n\u00c2\u00abl\\ny5\\nOS m\\nN N O 0\\\\ M ro ui\\nIT) K r^ -.J- O w\\n00 10 m t^vo 1\\nVO P)\\nw U1 Tt-vo 10 I\\nro O f 1 I\\nN_^vq^ t^\\nPQPQ pqpQ\\nC\\nO rt^^ \u00c2\u00abJ5\\n2 b3 3 3-rt\\nCQnpQpqpQU\\n17", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "194\\nGEORGIA.\\nI\\nC\\n3\\nO\\nO\\nI\\nto\\nc\\nrt C in\\no t*\\no rt\\nll.\\nss\\ns 2i\\nrt C rt\\nr K O rt a\\no rt^\\n;f^\\no c S 4 S iT\\nb s c\u00c2\u00ab o\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2SpUBJ\\npJIAV JO aniEA 33BJ3Ay\\nd I\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2SpUHI pSAOjd\\n-uii JO aruBA 33Bj3Ay\\nX^uno^ JO uoHBindOfj\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2saijs Xjuno3\\n._ k. c a!\\nO\\n3 _\\nP=\\nI. 3 P,3\\nrt o a\\nCJii-i-^i-ii-i \\\\OVOO\\nO N 0\\\\ h\\nM ON W 0\\n00 w lOVO\\n1\\ns^^\\n00\\ntn\\nfo\\nr\\nO\\nfO t%\\n^\u00c2\u00bboo\\nn\\\\\\nlO (TJVO\\nU)\\nt\\nca\\nt^lO\\nWVO\\n3\\nM\\nfo\\nM\\nM\\nN\\nH\\nro\\n0\\\\\\n0\u00c2\u00bb rove O cy. t^oo ih t^ CO O\\n00 tx o\\\\ OWO iriONiHOO rorr) OimoOm\\nno o fO m vo W* in Onvo pT ro ro O* n w*\\nO zi\\nc S 2 wi\\nO C8\\nrt rt rtj2J= j=^j=iS J2 JS:= o o o o", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "POPULATION OF COUNTIES, ETC.\\n95\\niS\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0096\u00a0o=S\\n-oPi o\\nc u\\n4 C\\nfe uw\\nS J;\\n1- -i CS\\n0(\\n2 rt\\nWO\\nS s\\no\\nrt O rt\\nC(/5\\nro f^ M O t^ On\\nO\\\\00 VO \u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0099\u00a6OO O\\ni ro c^;rc J\\ncs o o I- 2\\nisle s B\\neS\\nrt rt\\nC .5 hi\\nn\\nSor, pt^o t^^S 3-* \u00e2\u0080\u00a2rJirt -S.c\\n^UJJHQwQ MX QPQ c^ cJoMc^SfaPJ\\n1 t^ ro OS ro Tj-\\nin ro 00 M\\nlo O^ ro 0__\\ni tC ro rp lO o\\nOssO tnoo t^ t^ t^ CD\\nrt O g\\nworn\\nou\\n-t\\\\o \\\\o -^c\\nr^ o\\\\ o *o \\\\o\\niri 0\\\\ ON\\nW U i\u00c2\u00a3 rt K M\\ni 5 a u T3 o 3\\no2\u00c2\u00abrt\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00ab GOO\\nN-T^\\nooo\\noo", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "196\\nGEORGIA.\\nG\\nI\\no\\na\\no\\no\\no\\n0)\\no\\nC3\\no\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2SpUBJ pjIAV\\nJO 3n[BA 3\u00c2\u00a7BJ3Ay\\nMacon an\\nNorth anc\\nElberton\\nMacon an\\nSouthwest\\nAlbany an\\nNortheast\\nA\\nCentral R\\ngusta.\\nSouthwest\\nAtlantic ai\\nOvO 0\\\\\\nTj- ro ro m\\n(N OMHVO N\\nn ro-\\nin rOTf i3S ro\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2spuBj psAOJdiui\\nJO sajBA aSBJSAy\\nJO uoiiBindOjj\\nro* ro\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2ss^ig X;uno3\\nl rp; ;z;\\no-s^\\nt^ a 3l2u2 -w w e utS OkT;:::\\no o -^o t^oo\\nw j- rovo f^ O O\\nNO t^ 0\\\\ I\\nr^ M o\\n\\\\0 ro M- 0\\\\^\\nO\\nO\\nJ-00 0\\\\ IH \\\\o t^ Tl- t^oo Tj- o\\n0 vo t^oo N N O in Tj-oo P) O On\\nCO ro 10 p Lr) o 10 m tC f l cT pT\\n_- c2i:tirtc3-5-^;as\u00c2\u00abcij", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "POPULATION OF COUNTIES, ETC,\\n197\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2z\\nrt 3\\ngo\\no\\nI\\nc\u00c2\u00abS 6\\n\u00c2\u00a32 1c^_c^\\n.2 o\\nc\\nc\\nH\\n^S\\nct fs\\nrt\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a258\\nm\\nrt\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0c c\\nc\\nu c c^\\nrt S 2 8o\\nro OsvO 00 rovo 0\\\\ fo0 vo in\\\\0 w\\ni-i M rouiM IN row ^t^ii^rOM\\nro 3 m\\nvo On t^ N P) 4-\\nr^ PJ PI fOVO PI\\n^5^ Tf\\n12^%^\\nC^OO P) lOVO 0\\\\ M PI 1- lOVO\\nM M pi r^, n fo ci fS M 10 pi 4\\n4^J\\nPI PI 00 ro N W\\n\u00c2\u00bbo ^vo\\n10 4 ro PI 10\\nSf::S;o?SN\\n4 pi c^ oo\\n-i O 1/1 o\\\\ t^ vo o\\\\\\nt-. O N vo J- PI 00\\nTl- T^: ^3 ID ro inrisiASj m pi\\nj :A!o -.l-r i3\\nrt \u00c2\u00a34 NO\\nQOQ\\n3x:\\n23HQ\\ncr-c c sfl 3-a.= 3\\n2i o3S o a\\nII\\nu^jQAmn cjK wo\\nJ5 3 3\\nM vo M ro rovo vo O ro\\nOv in ovoo TT^f !X 0\\\\ O vo\\nr r^ O PI vo pi i/)vo invo\\nO w OVO\\nr^ 0\\\\ 00 Ov\\nh vo in invo\\nro ro -^vo t^ m O vo vo\\n30 OWO vo O -^OO 00 t O\\nDO vo vnvo in o o in m PI\\nP4 m o\\\\ ^\u00c2\u00b0\u00c2\u00b0_ M O t^ PI\\nro rC pT o m t^ 0\\\\\\nin H 00 Ov\\nvo Ov mvo ON\\nr\u00c2\u00ab. Ov 1^ -^vo\\nPI vo OWO 1-1\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2o t^ inoo CO ovoo r- m M m\\nOvOO rOMOOOt~\u00c2\u00bbro- l- O\\nf; t; vo_\\nHvo\\nrooo 0\\\\ i- I\\n00 00 vO On I\\nO H Ov ON P)\\nc ao--\\nnj u tj u rr:\\n_ o c ,fcO\\np b\u00c2\u00ab rt rt o\\n%o^-\\nw ._ w w I* o bo rt r^\\nSSSSS2SSSSSS 12^ O O Cl, fL, PL, fL|\\n17*\\n03 3 3 rt rt .S", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "198\\nGEORGIA.\\no\\nC\\nO\\n2^\\nc^\\n5\\nOJcoO\\n2\\nc t; o\\noj rt u r-i\\nc\\n3 !:J rt G\\nO 0!\\ni3^ c\\nCT3 O\\n01 C O\\n3 S\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2SpUBJ piJAV\\nJO 3n[BA a3BJ3AY\\nro U-) t^ f) r\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0spuB[ paAOjdiui\\nJO anjeA aSejaAy\\no C tv r^ N tv T*- I\\nC| m O t^vo t^ rr I\\nt^ ro M iA ro ro (T)\\nJO uoqBindoj\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0saijs X}uno3\\n1- t^ N t\\n1\\nc\\nSi.\\n1\\n_4)\\n.0\\nt)\\nC\\n_4\\n1\\n_1\\nns^S n o r\\no:=; 2 3 c rt\\nUWoQOHJ r- U\\nu 3 rt j2\\n00 00 O 0\\\\ N r-.\\nlOO f^ O rn inoo\\n00^00 M o w o\\nCh o tC cT\\n00 vo -^OO \\\\0\\nO VO \\\\l\\nc c\\n1-\u00e2\u0080\u0094 rt\\nci o ajs,\\nc 5\\na.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "POPULATION OF COUNTIES, ETC.\\n199\\nI I\\nrt bOc bfl V. c o\\nS o JS o ciS S\\no\\n|2 I\\nrt o 2 J3\\nCO fO ro f\u00c2\u00bb\\n\u00c2\u00bbH o\\\\ t^ O t^ O rooo q N\\nPI\\nX.\\nbO\\n3 u\\n2 c\\no 2\\n-a\\no J c\\nii o o\\nJ^bl)\\niis\\nN O N\\n0\\\\\\n\\\\0 \\\\0 \u00c2\u00bb0 00\\n0\\\\ t^ COOO ro C3\\\\\\nrooo^oq^ I I;\\n00 vo m T? tC M\\nf T J- O\\nI ve 00 r--\\nc c\u00c2\u00ab rt rt rt vX-si\\nII 1^\\nu^\\nt^vo\\nt^\\nS^\\nfOOO\\nP. f^lOO\\no\\\\ -T pT\\nin 00\\ni\u00c2\u00a3\\nO\\n5 C f.\\nJ:?\\n(U C\\n^D\\nO rt G\\nu o\\nrt r::\\nbfi\\noi\\nG\\nX.\\nCJ\\n(U\\n2\\nG\\n2\\nb\\nD\\nT3\\nTt-\\nC\\nN\\nS\\naJ\\n4-1\\nr;\\n3\\nu\\n-i\\nr.\\n(U\\nt/3\\nu\\nn^\\ns\\nSo\\nId\\nC\\n1\\naJ\\nro\\nT3\\n(1)\\nS*^\\nG\\n,c\\nin\\nG\\nt!\\noJ\\nrn\\nM\\nhn\\nf1\\n-G\\nCO\\n00\\nX\\nCO", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\n/C inAf eitaJ\\n,CAarIe3tbn\\n4v^\\\\Aev ^yirGlaae Spr\\nTHE KENNESAW ROUTE\\nIS THE\\nGRAND TRUNK LINE\\nBETWEEN THE\\nGREAT LAKE STATES OF THE NORTHWEST, AND FLORIDA\\nAND THE SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES, AND ALSO\\nBETWEEN THE NORTH AND SOUTH,\\nAND RUNS THE\\nLONGEST mmm lihe or mmum ik the mm\\nNEW ORLEANS TO WASHINGTON.\\nAll the most valuable Remedial Springs in Virginia, Tennessee, and\\nGeorgia lie immediately on the Great Kennesaw Route, or\\nvery near it, or are easily reached by some of\\nthe many closely connecting lines.\\nNo line in the Union excels it in the Smoothness and Superior Condition of its\\nTrack, the Perfect Safety of its Machinery, the Luxurious Appointments of its\\nPassenger Coaches, and the Painstaking Attentiveness of all in any way con-\\nnected with its business.\\nB. ^V. WRENN,\\nGeneral Passenger Agent.\\nATLANTA, OA.\\ni\\nWM. MacRAE,\\nGeneral Manager.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\nThe Georgia Railroad.\\nBREAT FAST M AND PASSEH EK IWL\\nBETWEEN\\nNew York and .New Orleans,\\nVIA.\\nAND\\nMacon c Augusta Railroads.\\nPASSENGERS HAVE THE CHOICE OF TWO ROUTES\\nFROM\\nagiasta, via Atlanta or nVTacon.\\nTO POINTS SOUTH AND SOUTHWEST.\\nCLOSE CONNECTIONS AT ATLANTA\\nTO ALL POINTS WEST.\\nSLEEPING-CARS ON ALL NIGHT TRAINS.\\nEATIETO-HOUNESS suiiaLed!\\nOd the Ijine are Not\\na-003D ItO-A.lDS -A.1TID STJI2\u00c2\u00bbE C03ST3^ECTI03iTS.\\nJ. A. ROBERT, S. K. JOHNSON,\\nGeneral Ticket Agent. Superintendent.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\nJAMES A. GRAY CO.,\\nWHOLESALE AND RETAIL\\nDry Goods Merchants,\\n194 and 196 Broad Street,\\nKEEP ALWAYS ON HAND THE VERY BEST GOODS AT THE LOWEST PRICES.\\nPORT ROYAL R. R.\\nFt*om Augusta and the Great West\\nREACHING THREE PORTS, VIZ.,\\nCHARLESTON, SAVANNAH, and POET EOTAL,\\nFORMING A PART OF\\nThe Magnolia Passenger Route to Florida.\\nPORT ROYAL, the terminus, only 112 miles from Augusta.\\nFreight is transferred directly from vessels into cars and\\nforwarded to destination -with no extra handling.\\nD. C. WILSOff Keceirer. R. G. FLSMINQ, pen. Supt.\\nill", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\nMEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA,\\nMEDIO AL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA.\\n(\u00c2\u00a3|)anccU0r of tt)c Ulniticrsitp.\\nH. H. TUCKER, D.D., LL.D.\\nlaculti) of tl)c illcMcrtl jPcjiartment.\\nI. P. GARVIN, M.D.,\\nEmeritus Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics. i\\nLEWIS D. FORD, M.D., LL.D.,\\nProfessor of the Institutes and Practice of Medicine. i\\nJOSEPH A. EVE, M D.,\\nProfessor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Infants.\\nL. A. DUGAS, M.D., LL.D.,\\nProfessor of the Principles and Practice of Surgery.\\nGEO. W. RAINS, M.D.,\\nProfessor of Medical Chemistry and Pharmacy.\\nHENRY F. CAMPBELL, M.D., i\\nProfessor of Operative Surgery and Gynaecology. j\\nDeSAUSSURE FORD, M.D.,\\nProfessor of Descriptive and Surgical Anatomy, and Dean of the Faculty.\\nEDWARD GEDDINGS, M.D., i\\nProfessor of Physiology and Pathology.\\nROBERT C. EVE. M.D., i\\nProfessor of Materia Medica and Medical Jurisprudence, and Secretary of the i\\nFaculty. i\\nGEORGE C. DUGAS, M.D.,\\nAdjunct to the Professor of Surgery. J\\nGEO. A. WILCOX, M.D.. i\\nDemonstrator of Anatomy, and Prosector to the Professor of Anatomy. J\\nTHOMAS R. WRIGHT, M.D., I\\nAssistant Demonstrator of Anatomy.\\nClinical Assistants anli jlTcrturcrs on Special Subjects\\nGEORGE C. DUGAS, M.D.\\nGEORGE A. WILCOX, M.D.\\nCHARLES W. HICKMAN, M.D\\nL. D. FORD, M.D.\\nE. C. GOODRICH, M.D.\\nCHARLES T. RICH, Janitor\\nA. E. DUGAS. M.D.\\nA. H. BAKER, M.D.\\nJOSEPH EVE ALLEN, M.D.\\nTHOMAS R. WRIGHT, M.D.\\nTHE ANNUAL SESSIONS COMMENCE FIRST MONDAY IN\\nOCTOBER, AND END ist OF MARCH.\\nFEES, Etc.\\nIn harmony with the scale of Fees adopted by other departments of the Univer-\\nsity, as well as in compliance with the implied wish of the profession for lower\\nrates of tuition, the following schedule of charges will be observed\\nMatriculation (to be taken once) $5 I Practical Anatomy (once) $10\\nTickets of Full Course 50 Diploma 50", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\nWESLEYAN\\nFEMA^LE OOLLEaE\\nnyCA-OOIT, C3-^\\nAnnual Session begins Wednesday, September i8, 1878.\\nW. C. BASS, D D., President.\\nFor more than 95 years\\nCharter Oak Stoves\\nHave been famous for their\\nsuperior construction, quick\\nand uniform operation, and\\nas the Leading Cook-Stove\\nof the West. They are now\\nused in nearly\\n300,000 FAMII.IES,\\ngiving perfect satisfaction,\\nand are more popular with\\nstove dealers, and sold at a\\nlower price, than any cook-\\ning-stove ever made of same\\ncapacity, weight, and finish.\\nDon t buy until you have\\nexamined the Charter Oak.\\nFOR SALE BY\\nID. L. iFXjniiijiEiE^ Z onsr,\\nWrite for descriptive circular and prices. AUGUSTA, GA.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\nPENDLETON BROS.,\\nFoundry AND Machine Works,\\nKollock Street, Augusta, G-a.,\\nMANUFACTURERS OF\\nSTEAM ENGINES AND BOILERS, SAW-MILLS, GRIST-MILLS,\\nAND ALL KINDS OF MILL MACHINERY.\\nk Superior Horse-Power for Threshing or Ginning.\\nCANE MILI.S OF AL.L SIZES.\\nSMITH S SUPERIOR LEVER-POWER COTTON PRESS, CAST OR\\nWROUGHT IRON SCREWS FOR HAND, HORSE, WATER,\\nOR STEAM POWER. GIN GEARING OF ALL SIZES.\\nNew Machinery furnished, and repairing done in any part of\\nthe country, at very low rates.\\nGEOEGE E. LOMBARD CO.,\\nForest City Foundry and Machine Works,\\n170 FENWICK ST, (near the Water Tower) AUGUSTA, GA.,\\nMANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN\\nPortable and Stationary Steam Engines and Water Wheels, Saw,\\nGrist, and Flour Mills, Furnishings and Machinery.\\nCastings in Iron and Brass of all kinds.\\nSpecial attention given to Repairing Machinery. Send for Catalogue of\\nMill Gearing. Second-hand Machinery bought and sold. We use wrought-iron\\njournals in our Cane Mills. Send for Prices.\\nA. H. McLA^VS,\\nLand and Mining Agent,", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\nPLANTERS Hotel,\\nAUGUSTA, GEORGIA.\\nWell and favorably known throughout the State, and largely\\npatronized by Northern tourists.\\nEDWARD MURPHY, Proprietor.\\nvii\\nB. F. BROW^]Sr, Proprietor.\\nTHE GLOBE HOTEL, j\\nOOE. OF BEOAD AND JACKSON STS.,\\nIS CENTRALLY LOCATED, j\\ni\\ni\\nConvenient to Depot, and Telesrapli, Emress, and Post Dices, j\\nAnd offers as much comfort as any Hotel in the South.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\nor\\nON\\nTELFAIR STREET, j\\nI\\nAUGUSTA, GA.\\nSession begins on the 1st day of October, 1878,\\nAND\\nCloses on the 30th day of June, 1879.\\nAll the Branches of an Accomplished Education\\nARE THOROUGHLY TAUGHT,\\nAnd Young Men are prepared for any class in any of our\\nColleges or Universities.\\nFACULTY:\\nGEORGE W. RAINS, M.D.,\\nProfessor of the Natural Sciences, including Astronomy,\\nChemistry, Natural Philosophy, Geology,\\nPhysiology, and Geography.\\nJOSEPH T. DERRY, A,M,,\\nProfessor of Ancient Languages, French, English Language\\nand Literature.\\nJOHN A, A, WEST, M,D,,\\nProfessor of Mathematics and History.", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "ADVERTISER.\\nT. MARKWALTER,\\nBroad St., near Lower Market,\\nMonuments, Tonabslones, Marble Work generally\\n3n^a.id:e3 to oieiDEia.\\nMclniosh Street, bet Broad and Reynolds,\\nAUGUSTA, aA.\\nix\\nA large selection always on hand, ready for\\nlettering and delivery. J\\nIMI. SZITA-UVCS,\\nTHE\\nReal Estate Agent I\\ni\\nAND j\\n1\\nNEGOTIATOR OF LOANS,\\nI\\nALSO, AGENT FOR", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "l-Q)", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "Cijrt-inojji", "height": "2865", "width": "2604", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "670\\n4 1 931", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "Y\\nj\u00c2\u00bb", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^o/\\n,.0 v-X\\nv*~\\n?5 -n^.\\n^o.\\n.0 0.\\no 0^\\nA\\n.0*^\\ncP-\\no 0^\\n:^-^v.\\n1\\n^A V^^\\n^A v*^\\nc-\\n^^-.^N-^ r\\no-", "height": "3325", "width": "1923", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3545", "width": "2110", "jp2-path": "georgiaguidetoit00derr_0224.jp2"}}