{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3628", "width": "2259", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "BI-CENTENNIAL\\nCELEBRATION\\nOF THE\\nNEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE,\\n1883,\\nAND\\nNAMES AND NOTICES\\nOF\\nFIRST SETTLERS\\nOF\\nMONMOUTH COUNTY,\\nNEW JERSEY.\\nCONTENTS.\\nLegislative Pi oceeflings 3\\nBi Cenleiiuial I rugruinme 5\\nRe union of Legishitoig 6\\nMembers of Lcgislatuie 108:5 10\\nMembers of Legishilure 1883 52\\nAddress by Hon. Edwin Salter 11\\nAddress by Hon. Charles D. Deshler 27\\nPresident. Lincoln s Ancestry 41\\nCapt. John Bowne s Last Words 42\\nPlaces with New .Jersey Names 43\\nNotices of Members of Assembly, lU8o 45\\nNames of First Settlers of Monmouth 43\\nNotices of First Settlers of Monmouth 17-26", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "CELEBKATION\\nOF THE\\ni^^J^t^^tidi ^ititb^rsari\\nOF THE\\n^W JERSEY LEGISLATURE.\\n1683-1883.\\nh i-\\nTrentox, N. J.\\nNAAR, DAY NAAR,\\nPrinters to the House of Assembly.\\n1883.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "Bi-Centennial Celebration\\nNEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE.\\nThe one hundred and seventh legislature of the State of New\\nJersey, opened on the 9th day of January, 1883. On Tuesday\\nJanuary 16th, the following resolution was offered by Hon. Geo.\\nT. Cranmer, of Ocean Co., and adopted.\\nWhereas, in the year 1682, East New Jersey was purchased\\nby proprietors from whom is derived all titles to land in this\\nsection of the State and whereas, the first regular session of a\\nLegislature consisting of two branches after and under that pur-\\nchase commenced March 1, 1683; therefore\\nBe it resolved, Senate concurring that a joint committee, con-\\nsisting of three members of tlie Senate and three members of the\\nHouse of Assembly, be appointed to consider the propriety of\\ncommemorating the Bi-Centennial of this event by suitable his-\\ntorical addresses relating to the past history of the New Jersey\\nLegislature, and by such other proceedings as they may deem\\nappropriate.\\nIn pursuance of the resolution Speaker O Connor appointed\\nthe following committee:\\nJames H. Neighbour, of Morris Co.\\nWilliam Hill, of Essex Co.\\nGeorge T. Cranmer, of Ocean Co.\\nThe Senate also appointed a committee consisting oi\\nIsaac T. Nichols, of Cumberland Co.\\nAbraham V. Schenck, of Middlesex Co,\\nJohn Carpenter, Jr., of Hunterdon Co.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "4 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nOn the 19th of February, 1883, a report was made to the House\\nfrom the committee appointed upon the celebration of the anni-\\nversary of the Bi-Ceniennial Legislature of New Jersey, that, in\\nthe opinion of the committee, the event was of sufficient interest\\nand historic importance to warrant the celebration, and recom-\\nmending the continuing of the committee, with power to carry\\nout their arrangements for the celebration.\\nWhich recommendation was adopted.\\nThe Committee invited Hons. Edwin Salter, of Ocean county,\\na member of the Legislatures of 1857, 1858, 1859 (Speaker) and\\n1863, and Hon. Charles D. Deshler, of New Brunswick, to pre-\\npare and deliver addresses on the occasion. Both gentlemen\\naccepted the invitation.\\nThe press throughout the State was requested to circulate the\\nfollowing notice\\nThe present Legislature, by a joint committee, duly appointed\\nfor that purpose, has decided to commemorate a Bi-centennial\\nat the State House, in the City of Trenton, on the 1st. of March\\nnext, and all ex-members and ex-State officials are requested to\\nsend their address to J. H. Neighbour, Esq., either at Dover or\\nTrenton, N. J.\\nIn response to the foregoing notice, the committee sent out\\nover nine hundred of the following invitations\\n1683. 1883.\\nCoat-of-Arms.] BI-CENTENNIAL [Coat-of-Arms.\\nNew Jersey Legislature.\\nTrenton, N. J. Feb. 1, 1883.\\nWhereas, the first regular session of a Legislature in East New\\nJersey, under the Proprietors, commenced at Elizabeth, on the\\nfirst day of March, A. D., 1683\\nAnd whereas, the present Legislature, by concurrent resolu-\\ntion, has appointed a joint committee of the Senate and of the\\nHouse of Assembly, to take proceedings for commemorating its\\nBi-Centennial, by suitable historical addresses and other appro-\\npriate exercises\\nAnd whereas, it has been decided to hold a Bi-Centennial at", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 5\\nthe State House, in Trenton, at the hour of two o clock in the\\nafternoon of Thursday, March 1, 1883, the committee take\\npleasure in extending a special invitation to all ex-members\\nof the State Legislature, and to all former and present State\\notficials.\\nYou are therefore requested to be present and take part in\\nthe proposed commemoration.\\nSenate Committee, House Committee,\\nIsaac T. Nichols, James H. Neighbour,\\nOf Cumberland, Of Morris,\\nAbraham V. Schenck, William Hill,\\nOf Middlesex, Of Essex,\\nJohn Carpenter, Jr., George T. Cranmer,\\nOf Hunterdon, Of Ocean.\\nOn the morning of March first, by request of the Committee,\\nthe Trenton papers gave the order of exercises, as follows\\nLegislative Bi-Centennial.\\nThe Programme of This Afternoon s Exercises.\\nThis afternoon the exercises commemorative of the two hun-\\ndredth anniversary of the New Jersey Legislature will be held\\nat Taylor Opera House. Admission will be by ticket, which\\ncan be procured of the committee. Doors will be open at half\\npast one o clock, and ushers will be in attendance to escort ticket\\nholders, ex-members and invited guests to seats in the dress\\ncircle and parquette. The Senators and members of the As-\\nsembly will occupy seats on the stage.\\nThe exercises, which will commence at two o clock, will con-\\nsist of the following\\nprogramme.\\nPrayer by Rev, Dr. Hall, of Trenton, music by Winkler s\\nSeventh Regiment (N G. N. J.) Band address by Hon. Edwin\\nSalter, of Ocean county music by the German American Sing-\\ning Society, of Newark address by Hon. Charles D. Deshler, of\\nNew Brunswick; music by the German American Singing So-", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "6 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nciety, of Newark music by Winkler s Seventh (N. G. N. J.)\\nBand.\\nThe German American Singing Society, of Newark, will have\\nforty-eight voices, under the direction of August Sha^ffenberger.\\nIt will sing the Centennial Hymn, composed R. J. White. Tlie\\nhymn is printed on a neat card, which will be presented as a\\nsouvenir to members and officers, etc., by the Society.\\nThis evening Governor Ludlow will hold a reception at the\\nState House from 8 to 11 o clock, at which music will be fur-\\nnished by Prof. Petermann s orchestra.\\n[Slip from True American.]\\nNew Jersey s Legislative Bi-Centennial.\\nA re-union of the state s legislators.\\nTIlb MeiTtbers of the Present and Survivors of Past Legislators\\nUnite to Celebrate the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the\\nEvent; Interesting Exercises at Jailor Opera House; Recep-\\ntion by Governor Ludlow at the State Capitol.\\n-^Taylor Opera House, Thursday afternoon, presented an ani-\\nmated appearance, and was filled with a most attentive audience,\\nwhich was composed of citizens from every part of the State.\\nUnder direction of Quartermaster-General Perrine, the front of\\nthe gallery was decorated by festoons of flags, with a shield bear-\\ning the Stars and Stripes over each gas bracket. National and\\nState flags hung from the proscenium boxes. On the stage were\\nseated the members of both branches of the Legislature and\\nState officers. The proscenium box on the left contained Gover-\\nnor Ludlow, ex-Governors Parker and Ward, and State Treas-\\nurer Wright; in the one on the right were ex-Governor Price,\\nChancellor Runyon, and other gentlemen. The ex-senators,\\nassemblymen, and State officers were seated in the parquet, and\\nalmost every seat was occupied, so that nearly four hundred of\\nthe former legislators of the State responded to the invitation to\\nbe present. Winkler s Seventh Regiment (N. G. N. J.) Band\\noccupied the centre of the gallery, the remainder of which, and", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 7\\nt e dress circle down stairs, was provided for citizens who were\\nfortunate enough to hold tickets of admission.\\nThe members of the Legislature met at the State Capitol at\\nlialf-past one o clock, and marched in a body, headed b} Presi-\\ndent of the Senate Gardner, and Speaker of the Assembly O Con-\\nner, through State and Greene streets, to the Opera House.\\nShortly after two o clock the Legislature arrived and took\\nseats upon the stage.\\nHon. James H. Neighbour, the chairman of the committee\\nwhich had charge of the arrangements of the celebration, came\\nforward, and stated that in the absence of the President of the\\nSenate, who was unable to be present, the Speaker of the House\\nof Assemblv would preside.\\nSpeaker O Connor then took the chair and called the assem-\\nblage to order.\\nRev. S. M. Studdiford, pastor of the Third Presbyterian\\nChurch, offered prayer.\\nSpeaker O Connor said that he had been requested by the\\nmembers of the press, to ask the ex-members who were present,\\nto write their names and the years of service on cards, which\\nwould be collected by the pages during the music. This was\\ndone, and the following are the names of those\\nWHO WERE PRESENT.\\nDavid Neiglibour, 1838; Nathan T. Stratton, 1843; William\\nPaterson, 1843; M. F. Carman, 1848; John T. Nixon, 1848,\\n(Speaker 1849); Henry H. Voorhis, 1848, 1849; Samuel H.\\nHunt, 1848, 1849, 1850; David Van Fleet, 1848, 1849; James\\nBishop, 1849, 1850; Thomas Hay, 1850, 1851; John F. Hage-\\nman, 1850, 1851; Smith Bilanback, 1851; Benjamin C. Taber,\\n1851, 1852; Josephus Shann, 1852, 1853, 1875; Andrew Van\\nSickle, 1852, 1853; Charles Allen, 1852, 1867; Elijah L. Hen-\\ndrickson, 1853; Jesse H. Diverty, 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857, 1858\\nJohn M. Board, 1855, 1880; John P. Rittenhouse, 1856, 1857;\\nJ. M. Voorhees, 1856, 1857; Moses P. Smith, 1857; John H.\\nHorn, 1858, 1859; Jeptha Abbott, 1858, 1859, 1860; Robert\\nAitken, 1859; David Mulford, 1860, 1861; George A. Halsey,\\n1861, 1862; William P. Tatem, 1861, 1862, 1863 E. P. Emson,\\n1862, 1870, Senator 1878, 1879, 1880; Edward W. Scudder, 1863,", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "8 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\n1864, 1865, (President, of Senate 1865); Silas Young, 1863, 1864;\\nJoseph L. Reeves, 1863, 1864, 1865 Samuel Tatem, 1864 Abram\\na Coriell, 1865, 1866; J. M. Scovel, 1866; Richard H.\\nWilson, 1866, 1867; Noah D. Taylor, 1866, 1867, 1868; William\\nW. Clark, 1866, 1870; Elias Doughty, 1867; Peter A. Voorhees,\\n1867; Baltes Pickel, 1867, 186S; John J. Bergen, 1868, 1869,\\n1870; Thomas C. Pearce, 1868; John Dwyer, 1868, 1870; Theo-\\ndore Probasco, 1868, 1869, 1870; William W. Hawkins, 1869,\\n1870; John Kugler, 1870, 1871 Ferdinand Blancke, 1870, 1871,\\n1876; J. G. Hill, 1870, 1871, 1872; Samuel Hopkins, 1870 to\\n1876; Levi French, 1870, 1875; John C. Belden, 1871, 1872,\\n1873; John Dickinson, 1871; Charles C. Groscup, 1871, 1872;\\nWilliam A. Ripley, 1871 Henry J. Irick, 1871 to 1873 Smith\\nHewitt, 1872; Samuel Wilde, 1872, 1873; Cornelius Lydecker,\\n1872 to 1875; W. H. Iszard, 1873, 1874; Samuel T. Smith, 1874\\nto 1876; Joseph H. Voorhees, 1875, 1876, 1877; James Bird,\\n1875, 1876; Robert S. Hutchinson, 1876; Alex. Jacobus, 1876\\n1878; L. H. Atchley, 1876, 1877; D. niel L. Piatt. 1876; E.\\nH. Drake, 1876; William Carpenter, 1876; P. Convery, 1877,\\n1878; Lawrence Lock, 1877, 1878; William Budd Deacon,\\n1878 to 1882; Andrew J. Rider, 1878; Peter Cramer, 1878 to\\n1881; E. H. Crane, 1878, 1879; J. C. Jackson, 1879, 1880;\\nRichard A. Donnelly, 1879, 1880; J. H. Bruere, 1879, 1880;\\nJohn T. Dunn, 1879, 1880, 1881, Speaker, 1882; George Craft,\\n1880, 1881; Henry C. Herr, 1880, 1881, 1882; E. Bosenbury,\\n1880 to 1882; Thomas Lawrence, 1880 to 1882; Oscar Lindsley,\\n1881, 1882; Wm. C. Johnson, 1881, 1882; John F. Babcock\\n(Secretary of Senate), 1871 to 1874; John D. Rue, Rev. Dr. Ham-\\nmill, C. A. Felsh, Cornelius Beach, John L. Oakey, Robert Moore,\\nThos. S. R. Brown, Andrew Smith Reeves, Henry Britton, S. R.\\nHusleton, D. B. WyckofF, Joseph C. Magee, John Ringleman,\\nD. H. Banghart, Ezra Budd Marter, W. H. Bell, Wm. Henry\\nHendrickson, Edmund L. Joy, James L. Hays, Andrew Jackson\\nSmith, Levi D. Jarrard, Robert G. Miller, Eramor Reeves, David\\nA. Bell, Benjamin Griggs, D. P. Van Dorn, S. B. Oviatt (ex-\\nSpeaker), Jacob Hipp, J. N. Ramsay, John P. Rittenhouse, Char-\\nles Ladow, Isaiah W. Richman, W. R. Lippincott, George D.\\nHorner, Stephen Martin.", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 9\\n[Slip from the Daily State Gazette.]\\nThe Bi-Centennial.\\npaying tribute to the memories of legislators long since\\nDEAD.\\nTaylor Opera House Filled with Distinguished Jerseymen The Cele-\\nbration a Grand Success.\\nEven the committee of Senators and Assemblymen that\\nworked so energetically to make the Legislative Bi-Centeniiial\\ncelebration a success, did not anticipate for their labors as bril-\\nliant a result as was actually achieved. Never in its history,\\nperhaps has Taylor Opera House held a more distinguished\\ngathering of men than was seated within its walls Thursday\\nafternoon. Besides these, fully fifteen hundred other persons were\\npresent, and every seat in the house seemed occupied. Flags\\nand bunting about the private boxes and balcony intensified\\nthe feeling of patriotism tliat pervaded the entire affiiir. In one\\nof the boxes were seated Governor Ludlow, ex-Governors Mar-\\ncus L. Ward and Joel Parker, and State Treasurer Wright, and\\nin another ex-Governor Rodman M. Price, Chancellor Runyon,\\nex-Senator Laird and Charles Wills. Scattered throughout the\\nauditorium, in addition to scores of gentlemen of local promi-\\nnence in various parts of the State, were ex-Congressman\\nGeorge A. Halsey, Major George N. Halstead, Professor George\\nH. Cook, ex-Speakers Oviatt and Dunn, ex-Senators Samu el\\nSmith, of Sussex Lydecker, of Bergen; Bosenbury, of Hunter-\\ndon, and Irick, Reeves, Cramer, Abbett, Hopkins, Noah Taylor,\\nLawrence, Banghart, Thompson and Horner; Adjutant General\\nStryker, Clerk in Chancery Duryee, Comptroller Anderson, ex-\\nCongressman Wildrick, William A. Whitehead, Judges Scudder,\\nPaterson, Kirk, Nixon General Grubb, United States Marshal\\nDeacon, John F, Babcock, Rev. J. Y. Dobbins, President Mar-\\ngerum of the Common Council, Col. James M. Scovel, Dr. Bodine,\\nex-Assemblymen Ringleman, Crane, Jacobus and Dominie Rob-\\ninson A. J. Smith and ex-Congressman Stratton. The members\\nof tiie present Legislature were seated on the stage.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "10 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nMEMBERS OF THE FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF EAST NEW JERSEY,\\nUNDER THE GOVERNMENT OF THE TWENTY-FOUR PROPRIETORS,\\nMARCH 1683.\\nThe division of East New Jersey into counties was not made\\nuntil March 13th, 1683, when an act was passed creating the\\ncounties of Bergen, Essex, Middlesex and Monmouth. The\\nHouse of Deputies at this session was composed of two members\\nfrom each of the towns as named below, who met at Elizabeth-\\ntown, and subscribed the oath of allegiance, March 1, 1683, as\\nstated in the minutes of the Council, pages 29-30, which oath\\nof subscription was returned to the Council the 22d of the\\nsame month.\\nCouncil.\\nTliomas Rudyard, Deputy Governor and Proprietor,\\nWilliam Penn, 1 td\\nQ 1 Proprietors,\\noamuel (jrroome. j\\nColonel Lewis Morris.\\nCaptain John Berry.\\nCaptain John Palmer.\\nCaptain William Sandford.\\nLawrence Andriessen.\\nBenjamin Price.\\nMessenger of Council, George Jewell.\\nDeputies.\\nCaptain John Bowne, Speaker, Middletown.\\nRichard Hartshorne, Middletown.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Joseph Parker, Shrewsbury.\\nJohn Hance, Shrewsbury.\\nJohn Curtis, Newark.\\nGliomas Johnson, Newark.\\nHenry Lyon, Elizabeth town.\\nBenjamin Parkhurst, Elizabethtown.\\nSamuel Moore, Woodbridge.\\nSamuel Dennis, Woodbridge.\\nJohn Gill man, Piscataqua.\\nEdward Slater, Piscataqua.\\nElias Michielson, Bergen.\\nMathews Cornells, Bergen.\\nClerk of Deputies, Isaac Whitehead.", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 11\\nHON. MR. Salter s address.\\nMr. Neighbour stated that Mr. Salter s health was such that\\nhe was unable to be present, and that the address which he had\\nprepared would be read by Senator Isaac T. Nichols, of Cum-\\nberland.\\nAddress By Hon. Edwin Salter, of Ocean County.\\nthe first settlers of new jersey the pioneers of true\\ntoleration.\\nIn the General Assembly wiiich met at Elizabethtown two\\nliundred years ago, the most noted historical person named as\\nbeing present during the first week of the session, was William\\nPenn, who had arrived in America the October previous.\\nThe most prominent claims for the respect and esteem of the\\nAmerican people put forth in behalf of William Penn, are be-\\ncause of his dealing justly with the Indians and for establish-\\ning religious toleration. No Jerseyman would wish to lessen\\nthe honor awarded him for his course in these matters, but he\\ncertainly was not the foremost in either of them. When Wil-\\nliam Penn sat in that Council at Elizabethtown two centuries\\nago, the other branch of the Provincial Legislature was presided\\nover by Captain John Bowne, who had, with eleven associates,\\nin East Jerse} set the example in both of these matters, seven-\\nteen years before Penn came to America.\\nAbout the year 1665, William Penn, then a young lawyer and\\na man of the world, went to Irelaj[id on business relating to an\\nestate of his father s. Wiiile there, us a soldier, he took part in\\nthesiegeof Carrickfergus and was so well pleased with himself and\\nwith his military exploits, that he caused himself to be painted\\nin military costume. This is said to be the only genuine por-\\ntrait of the great Apostle of Peace. That same year, while\\nhe was in arms in Ireland, Captain John Bowne and his asso-\\nciates had obtained the noted Monmouth Patent, dated April\\n8th, 1665, for lands in East Jersey, and before attempting to\\nsettle upon it they honorably and honestly bought every foot of\\nthe land of the Indians, the reco.ds of which purciiase are still\\npreserved in the Court House at Freehold. And it may be\\nadded, in the course of time, as needed, every foot of land in\\nNew Jersey was honorably bought of the Indians and paid for\\nto their full satisfaction.\\nIn regard to religious toleration, Captain John Bowne and his\\nassociates declared in their patent that all settlers should have", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "12 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nFree liberty op conscience, without any molestation or\\ndisturbance whatsoever in the way of their worship.\\nTwo months before this patent was granted, Berkley and\\nCarteret had issued their Concessions and Agreements with\\nall who might settle in any part of New Jersey, in which the\\nsame principle was declared only more at length, for the whole\\nstate. They declared That no person qualified as aforesaid\\n(owning allegiance to the King) within the said province, shall\\nbe anyways molested, punished, disquieted or called in question\\nfor any difference of opinion or practice in matters of religious\\nconcernments, who do not actually disturb the civil peace of\\nsaid province but that all and every such person and persons\\nmay from time to time and at all times, freely and fully have\\nand enjoy his and their judgments and consciences in matters of\\nreligion throughout the said province, they behaving themselves\\npeaceably and quietly, and not using this liberty to licentious-\\nness nor to the civil injury or outward disturbance of others\\nany law, statute or clause contained or to be contained, usage or\\ncustom, of this realm of England to the contrary notwithstand-\\ning. (Learning dc Spicer, p. 14-)\\nIn the agreement between Carteret and others of Elizabeth-\\ntown, for settling two townships, made December, 1666, and in\\nthe Woodbridge charter of June, 1669, liberty of conscience ac-\\ncording to the forgoing concessions, was guaranteed to all who\\nshould settle in Piscataqua and Woodbridge.\\nThe foregoing unequivocal declarations in favor of unre-\\nstricted religious toleration were substantially adopted by Con-\\ngress over a century later, and it is onl} necessary to recall the\\nso-called toleration acts of the other State s which claim pre-\\neminence in this matter and compare them with these declara-\\ntions, to show that the first settlers of New Jersey were foremost\\nin establishing that Free liberty of conscience without any\\nmolestation whatever, which is now guaranteed throughout the\\ngreat American Republic.\\nIn Rhode Island, while Roger Williams favored a free, full\\nand absolute liberty of conscience, and the charter of Charles\\nII. affirmed the same principle, yet that colony enacted tliat\\nAll men professing Christianity and of competent estates, and\\nof civil conversation, who acknowledge and are obedient to the\\ncivil magistrate, though of different judgments in religious\\naffairs (Roman Catholics only excepted), shall be admitted free-\\nmen and shall have liberty to choose and be chosen officers in\\nthe colony both civil and military.\\nIt is true that modern Rhode Island writers have expressed the\\nopinion that the words Catholics only excepted were not in the\\noriginal enactment but had been subsequently interpolated and\\ntheygiye plausible, if not entirely satisfactory reasons. But leaving\\nthat point in abeyance, the fact yet remains that non-professors of", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 13\\nChristianit}^ among whom would be Jews, were excepted. Per-\\nsons not having competent estates were also excepted, and the\\ncontinuance of this exception down until quite modern times\\nresulted in a noted so-called rebellion, well remembered by\\nmany now living. On the other hand, in New Jersey, the Mon-\\nmouth Patent left the selection of officials to the major part of\\nthe iniiabitants. In regard to Quakers in Rhode Island, the\\ntoleration extended to them was not so unrestricted as in New\\nJersey, for the General Assembly of that colony endeavored to\\ncompel them to bear arms, which was contrary to the dictates\\nof their conscience in an important point in their religious faith.\\nThe General Assembly of Rhode Island declared that\\nIn case they, the said Quakers, which are here or who shall\\narise or come among us, do refuse to subject themselves to all\\nduties aforesaid, as training, watching and such other engage-\\nments as other members of civil societies, for the preservation of\\nthe same in justice and peace; then we determine, yea, and we\\nresolve to take and make use of the first opportunity to inform\\nour agent resident in England that he may humbly present the\\nmatter, etc. They wished, they said, no damage to the princi-\\nple of freedom of conscience, but at the same time, their demand\\nof the Quakers that they should train, in other words, perform\\nmilitary duty, was certainly an effort to compel them to act con-\\ntrary to the dictates of their conscience in an essential part of\\ntheir religious belief. This effoi;t to compel them to train,\\nmay account for the fact that many members of that sect who\\nhad been persecuted in Massachusetts and had sought refuge in\\nRhode Island, did not become freemen there but only made a\\ntemporary stay, and when the Monmouth Patent was granted,\\nthey came to that county with the original settlers. Here, from\\nthe outstart they were allowed all the privileges enjoyed by\\nother settlers, some of their number being elected as deputies\\nto frame laws, and to other offices, at the first election as well\\nas at subsequent elections. They were not required to train,\\nagainst their conscientious convictions. Besides which it may\\nbe added, that our first settlers conducted themselves so justly\\nand friendly towards the Indians, that they had little or no oc-\\ncasion to train for fear of them.\\nMaryland is another state, the founders of which have de-\\nservedly received commendation for the advanced steps taken by\\nthem in the matter of toleration. But their declarations on this\\npoint were not so unequivocal and unrestricted as those by first\\nsettlers of New Jersey. The charter to Lord Baltimore in 1632,\\nwas written in Latin and this fact caused many to look upon it\\nwith distrust. All that it contained in relation to toleration was\\na proviso of which the commonly accepted translation is\\nNo construction be made thereof whereby God s holy and", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "14 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\ntruly Christian religion should receive any prejudice or dimi-\\nnution.\\nSome Protestant writers considered this equivocal, as Cecil\\nCalvert, the second Lord Baltimore, like his father before him,\\nwas intensely devoted to the interests of his faith and considered\\nhis, the only truly Christian religion.\\nSome Catholic writers have contended, that the commonly ac-\\ncef)ted translation of the words of the charter on this point, was\\nnot literally correct. Brantz Mayer in his Calvert and Penn,\\nthought it should read God s holy rights and the true Christian\\nreligion. S. F.Streeter in his Maryland, two hundred years ago,\\nsays it should be The holy service of God and the true Chris-\\ntian religion. George Lynn-Lachlan Davis in his Day Star\\nof American Freedom, gives the translation The most sacred\\nthings of God and the true Christian religion. These different\\ntranslations, it will be seen, do not materially vary in meaning,\\nand all leave the question of deciding what was prejudicial to\\nthe true Christian religion, to the dominant power in the State.\\nIn New England, the Puritans considered the preachings and\\nteachings of Baptists, Antinomians, and Quakers as prejudicial\\nto what they believed to be the true Christian religion and so\\npersecuted or prosecuted all who differed with them. In Mary-\\nland, it is gratifying to know that the friends of the early settlers\\ncontend that tliere was no persecution for difference in religious\\nviews; and they earnestly protest against the insinuations that\\nCalvert and his friends were actuated by considerations of a\\nselfish sort, such as the fear of offending the Protestant King of\\nEngland, at one time and the adherents of the commonwealth\\nsubsequently, as the real secret of their policy. In 1639, Mary-\\nland pas.sed an act declaring that The Holy Church within\\nthis province shall have all her rights and privileges. And in\\n1640 anotiier act declaring that Tiie Holy Church within this\\nprovince shall have and enjoy all her rights, liberties and fran-\\nchises wholly and without blemish. The Governor, or Lieutenant\\nas he was called, and all the members of the colonial council were\\nbound by oath To defend and maintain the Roman Catholic\\nreligion, in the full and free exercise thereof. Freedom in its\\nfullest sense, was secured only to believers in Christianty. This\\nexcluded Jews and non-professors of Christianity generally; and\\nunder a law of the province a Quaker was required to take off\\nhis hat in Court or go to the whipping post. Some Catholic\\nwriters say, however, that they do not know of any practical\\ncase of whipping for this offence, {Day btar p. 63-4.)\\nIn defending the Maryland laws in regard to the protection\\nof The true Christian religion. Mr. Davis, in his Day Star of\\nFreedom says\\nToleration in its widest sense or in the most strictly logical\\nacceptation, exists only in a State founded upon naked atheism.", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 15\\nTo this assertion, the citizens of New Jersey can well take\\nexception.\\nThe first settlers of this State granted unrestricted toleration,\\nand no one acquainted with their history will assert that they\\nfavored atheism, or that the result of their toleration has tended\\nto the spread of atheism, more tlian in other States where tolera-\\ntion was not as unrestricted as in New Jersey.\\nIn Pennsylvania the act relating to toleration was enacted\\nDecember 1682, over seventeen years after the principle had\\nbeen established in East Jersey, and then it was not so unre-\\nstricted. It declared that\\nNo person now or at anytime hereafter living in this prov-\\nince, who shall confess and acknowledge Almighty God to be\\nthe Creator, upholder and ruler of the world, and that professeth\\nhim or herself obliged in consciense to live peaceably and justly\\nunder the civil government, shall in anywise be molested or\\nprejudiced for his or her conscientious persuasion or practice.\\nAnd in regard to persons holding office, it was enacted\\nThat all officers and persons commissionated and employed\\nin the service of the government of this province, and all mem-\\nbers and deputies elected to serve in the assembly thereof, and\\nall that have a right to elect such deputies, shall be such as pro-\\nfess and declare they believe in Jesus Christ to be the Son of\\nGod and Savior of the world. {HazarcCs Annals, pages 620-1)\\nThis was establishing a government under which only what\\nhave been termed orthodox christians could hold office or\\nvote for law-makers.\\nThe Quakers in West Jersey were more liberal than their\\nbrethren in Pennsylvania, for their earliest declaration on tJiis\\nsubject, dated November, 1681, was\\nThat liberty of conscience in matters of faith and worship\\ntowards God, shall be granted to all people within the province\\naforesaid, who shall live peaceably and quietly therein and\\nthat none of the free people of said province shall be rendered\\nuncapable of office in respect of their faith and worship. {Learn-\\ning and Spicer, page Jp25)\\nIt is worthy of note that the declaration of principle in regard\\nto toleration as contained in Berkley and Carteret s Concessions,\\nand in the Monmouth Patent in 1665, and as guaranteed in\\nWest Jersey in 1681, was substantially adopted by our National\\nCongress over a hundred years later in one of the earliest acts\\npassed by that body. In the celebrated Ordinance for the gov-\\nernment of the territory of the United States northwest of the\\nriver Ohio, enacted 1787, it was ordained and declared that\\nNo person demeaning himself in a peaceable and orderly\\nmanner, shall ever be molested on account of his mode of wor-\\nship or religious sentiments in said territory.\\nThus the unequivocal principle of toleration first adopted by", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "16 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nthe early settlers of New Jersey, was eventually adopted by the\\nUnited States in Congress assembled, and to-day is a funda-\\nmental principle upon which is based the government of this\\ngreat nation.\\nBelievers in the Roman Catholic faith were rarely found\\namong our early settlers, and we naturally feel an interest in\\nendeavoring to ascertain what course would be pursued with\\nthem by a people so tolerant towards other sects as were the\\nfirst settlers of our State, especially as Catholics at that time were\\ncharged with mixing religion and politics (to use a modern\\nphrase,) by desiring to overturn the Protestant supremacy in\\nEngland.\\nIt is gratifying to find that among our first settlers there was\\na disposition to treat Catholics with the same toleration shown\\nto other sects. One of the first members of that faith to locate\\nin New Jersey was William Douglass. He was elected from\\nBergen as a member of the Assembly, which met June 2d, 1680.\\nHe refused, at first, to take the usual oath of allegiance, stating\\nthat he was a Reman Catholic; but being informed that it was\\nnot the oath of supremacy, he off ered to take it, and was admit-\\nted. It is true that a week or so subsequent to his admission,\\nthe following action was taken\\nThe deputies finding occasion to purge themselves of such a\\nmember as cannot be allowed by law, namely, William Doug-\\nlass, the aforesaid member upon examination, owning himself\\nto be a Roman Catholic, we have proceeded so to do and further\\ndesire your honor to issue out your warrant to the town of Ber-\\ngen for a new choice for one to supply his place.\\nIt would seem to be the case that after the deputies had ad-\\nmitted Mr. Douglas-^, their attention had been called to the laws\\nof England in regard to oaths required of persons taking office,\\nthe nature and forms of which may be seen by reference to the\\nprinted Minutes of the Governcr and Council, 1682-1703,\\npages 243-5, which oaths Mr, Douglass would not take, as to do\\nso would be an actual renunciation and denunciation of the\\nCatholic faith. Though Mr. Douglass was debarred by English\\nlaws from sitting as a member because of his faith, yet the\\nsignificant facts remain that a constituency of first settlers of\\nNew Jersey elected a Roman Catholic, knowing him to be such,\\nto the Legislature, and that the members of the Assembly,\\nknowing him to be a Catholic, admitted him without hesitation.\\n{N. J. Archives, vol. 1, pages 305-312.)\\nIf Rhode Island presents Roger Williams, and Mar3^1and pre-\\nsents Cecil Calvert, to be honored by the American people\\nbecause of their course in regard to toleration if Pennsyl-\\nvania holds up its founders for respect because they dealt justly", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 17\\nwith the Indians and granted partial toleration, surely Jersey-\\nmen may be permitted to honor the first settlers of their own\\nState, who without any parade or boastin*^, set an example for\\nPenn years before he came to America, and established tolera-\\ntion more unequivocal and unrestricted than in either of the\\nStates named.\\nThe declarations in East and West Jerse} in regard to free\\nliberty of conscience, are especially noteworthy, because they\\ncame from men who had witnessed the evils of intolerance in\\nother places, and very many of them had themselves been vic-\\ntims of persecution for conscience safe. Hence they determined\\nto establish and did establish, local governments where no per-\\nson could be molested on account of his religious belief.\\nNew Jersey appears to have been pre-eminently a refuge from\\npersecution. Among early settlers who had been persecuted in\\nother places were Baptists, Antinomians, Quakers from New\\nEngland, Scotland and England, and Scotch Presbyterians.\\nNew Englanders never weary of telling us of the sufferings of\\nthe Pilgrim Fathers, and every forefathers da} delight to meet\\nand honor their memory. Rhode Islanders have made the per-\\nsecutions and banishments of Roger Williams and his friends\\nfamiliar to every reader of our country s history. Pennsylva-\\nnians are mindful that the persecutions of William Penn and\\nhis fellow Quakers shall not be forgotten. But how seldom are\\nmentioned the persecutions which had been endured by first\\nsettlers of East and West Jersey\\nNEW JERSEY A REFUGE FROM PERSECUTION.\\nAmong the members of the West Jersey Assembly which met\\nat Burlington two hundred years ago, were several who had\\nbeen the victims of intolerance in England. Thomas Olive,\\nthe speaker of that assembly, and John Woolston, had been im-\\nprisoned in Northampton gaol. Dr. Daniel Wills had been\\nthree times in prison for holding quaker meetings at his house.\\nRichard Guy and Richard Hancock had been imprisoned in\\nYork Castle. William Peachy had been tried at Bristol and\\nsentenced to banishment for attending meetings. John Cripps\\nhad been sentenced to twelve days imprisonment for not taking\\noff his hat when the Lord Mayor passed into Guildhall. The\\nforegoing were members of the West Jersey Assembly, 1682-3\\nand very many others of the first settlers there had been simi-\\nlarly persecuted. The memory of these men was duly honored\\nat the two hundredth anniversary of the settlement of Burling-\\nton, December 6th, 1877, and eloquent tributes paid to them in\\nthe oration of the lamented Henry Armitt Brown.\\nAmong the first settlers of East Jersey, were many who had\\nalso been the victims of intolerance elsewhere, and brief notices\\n2", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "18 BICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nof some of the most prominent among them, will serve to show\\nwhy it was that they established here a government where dif-\\nference in religious sentiments should not be considered a crime,\\nand where all peaceable and orderly citizens should be guaranteed\\nfree liberty of conscience.\\nRev. Obadiah Holmes, one of the twelve Monmouth patentees,\\nin 1639 lived at Salem, Massachusetts, where he was engaged\\nwith Lawrence Southwick and Annanias Conklin, (descendants\\nof both of whom also came to New Jersey,) in the manufacture\\nof glass, probably about the first, if not the first, in that business\\nin this country. Mr. Holmes joined the Baptists, for which he\\nwas indicted in 1650. The following is a copy of the record of\\nthe Court of proceedings before Governor Bradford. The name\\nof the noted Captain Miles Standish here appears with others:\\nAt a general court holden at New Plymouth, the second of\\nOctober, 1650, before William Bradford, gentleman, Governor;\\nThomas Prince, William Collyare, Captain Miles Standish, Tim-\\nothy Hetherl} William Thomas, John A.\\\\\\\\qi\\\\, gentlemen, assist-\\nants, (and a house of deputies).\\nPresentment by the Grand Inquest.\\nOctober second, 1650.\\nWee whose names are here underwritten, being the Grand\\nInquest, doe present to the court, John Hazell, Mr. Edward\\nSmith and his wife, Obadiah Holmes, Joseph Tory and his wife,\\nand the wife of James Man, William Deuell and his wife, of the\\ntown of Rehoboth, for the contining of a meeting upon the\\nLord s day from house to house, contrary to the order of this\\nCourt enacted June 12th, 1650.\\nTHOMAS ROBINSON,\\nHENRY TOMSON,\\netc., to the number of 14.\\nThe following year, July 3lst, 1651, Obadiah Holmes and John\\nClarke were arrested and brought before a court of which the noted\\nGovernor Endicott was then president. Both were sentenced to\\npay a fine of \u00c2\u00a330, or be publicly whipped. Chxrke s fine was paid,\\nbut Obadiah Holmes, although abundantly able to pay the fine,\\nrefused to do it as he deemed it would be an acknowledgment\\nof error and he chose rather to suffer than to deny his Lord.\\nHe was kept in prison until the September following, when he\\nwas severely whipped in pul)lic in Boston with a three corded\\nwhip thirty lashes. He subsequently removed to Middletown,\\nnear Newport, on the island of Rhode Island. From him de-\\nscends numerous families of the name in New Jersey and other\\nstates.\\nEdward Smith and William Deuell or Devill indicted with", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 19\\nhim in 1650, also went to Rhode Island and subsequently aided\\nin establishing the settlements in Monmouth.\\nJohn Tilton, another of the twelve Monmouth Patentees, when\\nhe first came from England, located at Lynn, Massachusetts.\\nHis wife was a Baptist and in December 1642, she was indicted\\nfor Holdinge that tlie baptism of infants was no ordinance of\\nGod. They left Massachusetts with Lady Deborah Moody and\\nother Baptists and settled at Gravesend, Long Island. Here\\nagain they were made to suffer for conscience sake. In 1658, lie\\nwas fined by the Dutch authorities for allowing a Quaker v. o-\\nman to stop at his liouse. In September 1662, he was fined for\\nPermitting Quakers to quake at his house. In October of\\nthe same year himself and wife were summoned before Governor\\nStuyvesant and Council at New Amsterdam, now New York,\\ncharged with having entertained Quakers and frequenting their\\nconventicles. They were condemned and ordered to leave the\\nprovince before the 20th day of November following, under pain\\nof corporeal punishment. It is supposed that through the efforts\\nof Lady Moody, who had great influence with the Dutch Gover-\\nnor, the sentence was either reversed, or changed to the pa}\\nment of a fine.\\nNicholas Davis, another patentee, is supposed to be the same\\nnamed as a freeman at Barnstable, Massachusetts, 1643. When\\nthe Quakers began preaching their doctrines he joined them and\\nin April, 1659, he was prosecuted for his faith, and in July of\\nthe same year he came near becoming a martyr to it as he was\\nsentenced to death with Mary Dyer, William Robinson and\\nMarmaduke Stevenson who were hung in Boston, but he was\\nset at liberty September 14th, 1659, and banished. He went to\\nNewport, R. I., wliere he lived when the Monmouth Patent was\\ngranted.\\nMary Dyer, the unfortunate Quaker woman who was sen-\\ntenced to death with Nicholas Davis, was hung in Boston the\\nfollowing year for her zeal in endeavoring to spread her faith.\\nHer son, Henry Dyer, came to Monmouth among the first\\nsettlers.\\nJames Hubbard, William Goulding and probably John\\nBowne. all named among the twelve Monmouth Patentees, had\\nbeen compelled to leave Massachusetts because of their syrapatlu\\nwith the Baptists.\\nSamuel Spicer, of Gravesend, L. I., another of the twelve\\npatentees, was a victim of persecution for his Quaker principles by\\nthe Dutch authorities at New Amsterdam; his mother also was\\nseverely dealt with for the same cause. The Dutch Governor,\\nPeter Stuyvesant, was required to take oath that he would\\nMaintain the Reformed religion in conformity to the word and\\nthe decrees of the Synod of Dordrecht and not to tolerate any\\notner sect. {Thompson s L. I., Vol. p. 293).", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "20 BICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nFor being Quakers or showing sympathy for them, at one time\\nhe arrested and imprisoned William Reape, whose name subse-\\nquently appears as one of the twelve Monmouth Patentees, John\\nTilton and his wife, Edward Wharton, who had previously been\\nimprisoned, and severely whipped in Massachusetts, for his\\nQuakerism, and Joseph Nicholson, John Liddel, Alice Ambrose,\\nJNIury Tompkins and Jane Millard, and after keeping them in jail\\nfor ten days, the Governor put them in a ship (except Tilton and\\nhis wife) and sent them off. The name of William Reape, the\\npatentee, subsequently appears at Newport, R. L, where he was\\nii merchant. He came to Monmouth among the original settlers.\\nEdward Wharton, who had been a victim of intolerance both\\nill Massachusetts and on Long Island, aided in establishing the\\nsettlement of Monmouth by buying land, but he finally returned\\nto New England.\\nCASSANDRA SOUTHWICK s DESCENDANTS IN NEW JERSEY.\\nNathaniel Sylvester, another of the twelve patentees, was a\\nQuaker and principal owner of Shelter Island, near the east end\\nof Long Island. Though he was a patentee and paid for a\\nshare of land, he did not himself settle in Monmouth, but it was\\nprobably through him that descendants of Cassandra South-\\nwick, celebrated in Whittier s beautiful ballad, came to New Jer-\\nbey. The good Quaker poet, in the ballad, has taken a poet s\\nlicense, in changing a name. No such event as that described\\never happened to Cassandra Southwick. but it did substantially\\nhappen to her daughter, Provided Southwick, wiio subsequently\\nmarried Samuel Gaskell, and from Cassandra Southwick and\\nher daughter, Provided Gaskell, the real heroine of the ballad,\\ndescend Southwicks and Gaskells or Gaskins, of New Jersey.\\nCassandra Southwick was the wife of Lawrence Southwick,\\nwho is named with Obadiah Holmes and Annaniah Conklin in\\nconnection with establishing glass works at Salem, Mass., 1639.\\nWhen, about 1656, the Quakers began preaching their doctrines,\\nLawrence and Cassandra Southwick, both then well along in\\nyears, became converts and zealous advocates of Quaker princi-\\nples. For this they were frequently and most cruelly punished\\nand finally banished. They found refuge with Nathaniel Syl-\\nvester, the Monmouth patentee, at Shelter Island. As they\\nwere an aged couple, the severity of their punishments un-\\ndoubtedly hastened their end, and they died at Shelter Island\\nwithin three days of each other. His will was dated July 10,\\n1659, and proven the following year. He left children, Josiah,\\nJohn, Daniel, Mary, Provided and Delivered. Some of these\\nalso suffered severe persecution. Josiah was cruelly punished\\nwith his parents and also banished, but he soon returned and\\nsubsequently went to England with two other Quakers named", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 21\\nSamuel Shattock and Nicholas Phelps, to endeavor to obtain\\nsome amelioration of the condition of the Quakers in New Eng-\\nland, and they were so successful that they returned with the\\nKing s order that thereafter Quakers should not be tried in New-\\nEngland, but must be sent to England for trial. The conse-\\nquence of this was, that after that, Quakers were rarely molested\\nexcept by vexatious fines. Daniel Southwick, another son of\\nCassandra, and her two daughters, Mary and Provided, were\\nalso severely punished for their adherence to the Quakers. At\\none time, Mary, who had married a man named Trask, was im-\\nprisoned, and her sister Provided went to visit her, and was\\nasked if she was a Quaker. She answered that she was one of\\nthe called, for which she was punished. At another time,\\nProvided and her brother Daniel were arrested for not attend-\\ning church ordinances, for which they were fined \u00c2\u00a310, which\\nthey could not or would not pay. She was then about twenty\\nyears old. The proceedings which followed were the founda-\\ntion of Whittier s well-known ballad. On their refusing to pay\\nthe fine, the Court issued the following order\\nWhereas, Daniel Southwick and Provided Southwick, son\\nand daughter of Lawrence Southwick, absenting themselves\\nfrom the public ordinances, have been fined by the Court of\\nSalem, and they pretending they have no estates, and refusing\\nto work, the Court, upon porusal of a law which was made on\\naccount of debts, in answer to what should be done for the satis-\\nfaction of the fine, resolves that thf Treasurers of the several\\ncounties shall be empowered to sell said persons to any of the\\nEnglish name in Virginia or Barbadoes to answer said find.\\nEDWARD RAWSON,\\nSecretary of General Court, Boston.\\nAn attempt to carry out this order was made by Edward Bat-\\nter, one of the treasures, to get the booty, as Bishop savs in\\nthat ancient Quaker work called New England Judged and\\nhe farther adds\\nHe sought for a passage to send them to Barbadoes for sale,\\nbut none were willing to take or carry them. And a certain\\nmaster of a ship, to put the thing off, pretended that they would\\nspoil the ship s company. To which Batter replied, Oh, you\\nneed not fear them, for they are poor harmless creatures, and\\nwill not hurt anybody. Will they not so? replied the ship\\nmaster, and would you make slaves of such harmless crea-\\ntures? Thus Batter, maugre his wicked intent, the winter be-\\ning at hand, sent them home, again to shift for themselves till he\\ncould get a convenient opportunity to send them away.\\nBut he seems not to have interferred with them again. Pro-\\nvided Southwick, shortly afterwards, married Samuel Gaskell.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "22 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nThe first of the Gaskell family in America was Edward, who was\\n;i shipwright at Salem, Mass., 1639. The name, originally, was\\nGascoj ne, indicating Hugenot origin. It was next called Gas-\\nkins and finally Gaskell. It is given all three ways in New\\nEngland records, and in an affidavit signed by Provided and\\nher husband, copied in the New England Historic Genealogical\\nRegister, Vol. XVII., it is given both Gaskin and Gaskell in the\\nsame paper. The change from Gascoyne to Gaskell is hardly so\\ngreat as that in the name of another New Jerse} family of Hu-\\nguenot origin, the Dobbins. Tiiis name was, originally, D Au-\\nbiane, which the English or Americans corrupted to Dawbeens,\\nand finally to Dobbins.\\nEdwaid Gaskell had a son Samuel, who married Provided\\nSouthwick, Oct. 20, 1662, and the names of the following child-\\nren have been preserved\\nSamuel, born November 11, 1665,\\nEdward, October 23, 3667,\\nHannah, January 2, 1669,\\nProvided, April 12, 1672.\\nIn March, 1701, the names of Edward Gaskell and Josiah\\nSouthwick appear at Mount Holly as purchasers of the mill\\nthere, and from their names, and the names of their children, it\\nis evident they were of Cassandra Southwick s family. In a list\\nof inhabitants of Northampton township, Burlington county,\\n1709, published in an early volume of proceedings of N. J. His-\\ntorical Society, are the following names\\nGaskell: Edward Gaskell, aged 46; Hannah, 33; Joseph, 14;\\nZerubabel, 11; Provided, 9; Samuel, 6; Hannah, 4; Broad, 3;\\nJaseph Gaskell, 30; Rebecca, 23 Mary, 3; Jacob. 1.\\nSouthwick: Josiah, 52; Elizabeth, 36; Ruth, 14; Josiah, 11;\\nJames, 9; Maham, 1,\\nThe Edward Gaskell named as one of the purchasers of\\nthe Mount Holly Mill, 1701, was probably, the son of Pro-\\nvided Southwick Gaskell, the real heroine of the events described\\nin Whittier s ballad, and the Josiah Southwick, a brother s son.\\nA number of the personal friends of the Southwicks in New\\nEngland had been compelled to seek refuge from persucution in\\nRhode Island and elsewhere, and finally came to New Jersey,\\nand as Nathaniel Sylvester, with whom their parents found\\nrefuge, did not settle on his share of land in Monmouth, he may\\nhave transferred his claim to his Quaker friends. Several years\\nlater, when the Quakers settled in West Jersey, some of the\\nmembers of that sect in Monmouth went over and joined them.\\nIt is worthy of mention that descendants of Governor Endicott,\\nwho is charged in the ballad of Cassandra Southwick with being\\n:i party to their persecution, now live in the same county and\\nvicinity. Joseph Endicott, a grandson of the governor, came to\\nBurlington county, 1698, and his descendants and the descend-", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 23\\nants of Cassandra Southwick have long been neighbors, and not\\nimf)robably have intermarried.\\nWilliam Shattock, an associate patentee of Monmouth, was a\\nfriend of the Southwicks in New England he was a native of\\nBoston, and for joining the Quakers was cruellv whipped, im-\\nprisoned, and finally banished. He came to Mouraoutii with\\nthe first settlers, and a few years later passed over into Burling-\\nton with others of his faith. His daughter Hannah married\\nRestore Lippencott, an honored name in the annals of Burling-\\nton. Richard Lippencott, the father of Restore, and ancestor of\\nthe Lippencotts in the United States, was in Boston about the\\ntime of the first persecutions of the Baptists and Antinomians,\\nand was so displeased with intolerance there that he returned to\\nEngland. He subsequently came to Monmouth with the first\\nsettlers, and was an associate patentee.\\nEliakim Wardell, an associate patentee and original settler of\\nMonmouth, had lived near Hampton, N. H. His wife became\\nan early convert to the Quakers, and both husband and wife\\nwere cruelly whipped and otherwise punished. They sought\\nrefuge, probably first in Rhode Island, and finally in Mon-\\nmouth.\\nGeorge Allen, Peter Gauntt and Richard Kirby, of Sandwich,\\nMass., and William Giffbrd, ancestors of numerous families of\\nthe respective names in New Jersey, suffered severely by fines\\nand vexatious suits for their adherence to the Quaker faith.\\nGeorge Allen, William Gifford and the sons of Peter Gauntt\\nwere among the original purchasers of land in Monmouth.\\nBeside the Baptists and Quakers, there was another sect, known\\nas Antinomians, which felt the eff ect of New England intoler-\\nance. Their chief leaders were Rev. Mr. Wheelwright and the\\nnoted Anna Hutclmison. The members of this sect were dis-\\narmed and disfranchised about 1637, and it was they who chiefly\\nsettled in the island of Rhode Island, on which are the towns of\\nNewport, Middletown and Portsmouth. From thence came an-\\ncestors of many well known New Jersey families, among whom\\nmay be named Bordens, Havens, Potters, Motts, Jefi ries, Wilburs,\\nBrowns, Lay tons, Vaughns, Spicers, Davis Wests, Cotterells,\\nBurtons, Shearmans, Slocums, Woolleys, Smiths, Walls, War-\\ndells, Carrs, and one branch of the Parker family. Members of\\nsome of these families early embraced the Quaker faith.\\nWhile the refugee Antinomians mainly settled on the island\\nof Rhode Island, the banished Baptists generally at first settled\\nat Providence. Among the earliest settlers of that place with\\nRoger Williams were John Throckmorton, who came from Eng-\\nland in the same ship with Roger Williams, Thomas James,\\nWilliam Arnold, Edward Cole and Ezekiel Holliman, or Hol-\\nman, as the name is now generally given. Throckmorton and", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "24 BICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nCole, and members of the families of the others named, aided in\\nestablishing the settlement in Monmouth.\\nWhen Roger Williams first went to explore the country now\\ncalled Rhode Island he took with him a man named John Smith,\\nand three others. John and Edward Smith left Massachusetts\\nbecause of intolerance to Baptists. They aided in settling Mon-\\nmouth, and the first schoolmaster there was John Smith. The\\nfirst settlers were favorable to the education of all classes, and it\\nis quite certain they had no sympathy with the sentiments of\\nthe governor of Virginia at that time. Berkley, the royal gov-\\nernor of Virginia in 1671, said Thank God, there are no free\\nschools in this province, nor printing press; and I hope we shall\\nnot have for these hundred years\\nThe settlers in Monmouth from Rhode Island brought with\\nthem the best features of the early Rhode Island government,\\nand left behind such questionable ones as have been referred to\\nelsewhere. Rhode Island was far in advance of the rest of New\\nEngland and the principles established in Monmouth of uni-\\nversal suffrage and unrestricted tolerance were decidedly in\\nadvance of Rhode Island.\\nAbout 1682-5 there were very many refugee Scotch Quakers\\nand Scotch Presbyterians, who had fled from persecution in Scot-\\nland, who located in East Jersey. These are noticed in the\\nstandard historical works of Mr. Whitehead. Occasional de-\\nscendants of the persecuted and banished Huguenots also came\\nto tins State; among them, it is said, were Bodines, Gaskell or\\nGaskins, Depuy, Soper and Dobbins, which name, as before\\nstated, was originally D Aubigne, corrupted to Dawbeens, and\\nfinally Dobbins.*\\nPresident Lincoln Descended from First Settlers in New\\nJersey.\\nMonmouth county, one of the earliest refuges for the persecuted\\nof different sects, has been not inaptly termed The mother of\\ncolonies, because so many offslioots of families of early settlers,\\nwent to other States and established, or aided in establishing, set-\\n*NoTE. In speaking of New Jersey being a refuge, it may not be much of a\\ndigression to recall the fact that the humorous appellation of foreigners applied\\nto .Jerseyraen had its origin in the fact that this 8tate became the refuge of the ex-\\nKing of Spain, Joseph Bonaparte. After he was compelled to leave Europe, he\\nseemed desirous of making a home for himself in or near Philadelphia, but the laws\\nof Pennsylvania prevented an alien from holding real estate. New Jersey allowed\\nhim to purchase lands at Bi)rdentown, upon which he erected one of the\\nfinest buildings then known in America. He was liberal in expending money in the\\nvicinity, and was of great advantage to the business there. Tne Philadelphians\\nwere chagrined to find that a man so desirable to the business of their city had been\\ndriven away, and whenever, after that, a Jerseyman visited Pliiia(lel[ hia he was\\nliable to be sainted with the exclamation, You have got a king among you; you\\nmust be foreigners", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 25\\ntlements. The first place to which they went was Eastern Penn-\\nsylvania; from thence some went farther west, others to Mary-\\nland, Virginia, particularly to the Valley of Virginia, to the\\nCarolinas, Georgia, and in the course of years to almost every\\nSourthern and Western State. That these emigrants favorably\\nremembered from whence they came is shown by the number of\\nplaces named for the county and State. Among the first settlers\\nof the Valley of Virginia, who began to locate there about 1732,\\nwere Formans, Taylors, Stocktons, Throckmortons, Van Meters,\\nPattersons, Vances, Aliens, Willets or Willis, Larues, Lucas and\\nothers of familiar New Jersey names. Fourteen or fifteen Bap-\\ntist families from New Jersey settled near Gerardstown, and\\nthere were also many Scotch Presbyterians from New Jersey,\\namong whom were Crawfords, McDowells, Stuarts, Alexanders,\\nKerrs, Browns and Cummings. Members of these families\\neventually passed into the Carolinas, Kentucky and elsewhere,\\nand descendants of some became noted not only in the localties\\nor States where they settled, but in the annals of the nation.\\nAmong those of Scotch origin may be named William H. Craw-\\nford, of Georgia, once a United States Senator from that State\\nand also a Presidential candidate, and General Leslie Combs, of\\nKentucky.\\nAnother man still more noted in the history of the natioii\\nwho descended from early settlers of New Jersey and whose an-\\ncestors went to Eastern Pennsylvania and thence to the Valley\\nol Virginia, was the late President Abraham Lincoln, one of whose\\nancestors was John Bowne, Speaker of the House of Assembl}\\ntwo hundred years ago. A few years ago, .Judge George C. Beek-\\nman, in looking over ancient records in the Court House, at\\nFreehold, found frequent mention of the name of Mordecai Lin-\\ncoln, and he supposed it was possible that this man migiit be the\\nancestor of Abraham Lincoln, a? he went to Eastern Pennsyl-\\nvania, and the late President said that according to a tradition\\nin his family his ancestors came from thence. But in his life\\ntime he could trace Iiis ancestry no farther back than to his\\ngrandfather, Abraham, who originally lived in Rockingham\\ncounty, in the Valley of Virginia. Within the last two or three\\nmonths it has been definitely ascertained that Judge Beekman s\\nsupposition was correct. A relative of the Lincoln family, Mr.\\nSamuel Shackford, of Cook county, Illinois, lias been most inde-\\nfatigable in efforts to trace back the ancestry of the late President\\nby visits to and searches in records in Kentucky, the Valley of\\nVirginia and Eastern Pennsylvania He found that the great\\ngrandfather of the late President was named Jolm, who came\\nfrom Easiein Pennsylvania, where his father, a Mor lecai Lin-\\ncoln, had .--ettled. Mr. Shackford gained the impression that\\nMordecai and his son John came from New Jersey, and about\\ntwo racntbs ago he wrote to persons he supposed familiar with", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "26^ BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nold records here, inquiring if there was any mention of a Mor-\\ndecai and his son John in ancient New Jersey records. The\\nrecords in the office of the Secretary of State at Trenton fur-\\nnished the desired information. In that office is the record of a\\ndeed dated November 8th, 1748, in Book H, p 437, from John\\nLincohi, who describes himself as son and heir of Mordecai\\nLincoln, late of Caernaven township, Lancaster county, Penn-\\nsylvania, formerly of New Jersey, for lands in Middlesex county,\\nNew Jersey. By reference to a previous record in the same\\nBook p. 150, it is found thai this was the same land deeded to\\n]\\\\Iordecai Lincoln, of Monmouth county, February 12th, 1720.\\nThus after patient researciies, running through some twenty-five\\nyears, records are discovered in the State House which enable\\nthose interested, to trace the late President s ancestry in an un-\\nbroken chain back to New Jersey, and thence to the first comer\\nfrom England.\\nAs the genealogy of President Lincoln has never been pub-\\nlished in full, because it was not until so recently that the miss-\\ning links in the chain were discovered, it may be briefly given\\nhere.\\nThe founder of the family was Samuel Lincoln, who came\\nfrom Norwich. England, to Massachusetts. He had a son, Mor-\\ndecai the first, who in turn had sons, Mordecai the second and\\nAbraham, both of whom came to New Jersey. Both subse-\\nquently moved to Eastern Pennsylvania. Mordecai the second\\nhad a son, John, born in New Jersey, who moved to the valley\\nof Virginia and had a son named Abraham, who in turn had\\na son Thomas, who was father of the late President Abraham\\nLincoln.\\nThe descendants of the early settlers of New Jersey, in their\\nmigrations to other States, it may be presumed, carried with\\nthem the liberal principles of government on which our State\\nwas founded. Our ancestors had hardly erected shelters for\\nthemselves before they established the church and the school.\\nIn addition to unrestricted religious toleration, they established\\nthe principle of equality of all men before the law. Said the\\nfounders of West Jersey\\nWe lay a foundation for after ages to understand their\\nliberty as Christians and as men, that they may not be brought\\ninto bondage but by their own consent. For we put the\\nPOWER IN THE PEOPLE.\\nAfter generations did understand it and the foremost man of\\nhis day only reiterated their sentiment when he advocated A\\ngovernment of the people, by the people, for the people.\\nThe founders of West Jersey further declared\\nWe, the Governor and proprietors, freeholders and inhabit-\\nants of West Jersey, by mutual consent and agreement^ for the\\nprevention of innovations and oppressions either upon us or our", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 27\\nposterity, and for the preservation of the peace and tranquillity\\nof the same and that all may be encouraged to go on cheer-\\nfully in their several places, we do make and constitute these,\\nour agreements, to be as fundamentals to us and our posterity,\\netc.\\nIt is remarkable to note how similar to the above, is the Pre-\\namble to our National Constitution adopted one hundred and\\nsix years later. It says\\nWe, the people of the United States, in rrder to form a more\\nperfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquillity,\\nprovide for the common defence, promote the general welfare\\nand secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our pos-\\nterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the United\\nStates.\\nThe fundamental principles upon which the government of\\nour nation is based, are, that just governments should be derived\\nfrom the people, and that liberty of conscience should be\\nguaranteed to all. It is a striking testin:iony to the wisdom of\\nthe first settlers of New Jersey that their sentiments and almost\\ntheir very words on these subjects were eventually adopted by\\nthe nation.\\nAre we not then, as Jerseymen, justifiable in honoring the\\nmemory of the wise, just, God-fearing founders of our State,\\nwho were first and foremost in proclaiming and establishing\\nthese principles, which are now the corner stone of the great\\nAmerican Republic?*\\nAfter which the American Singing Society, of Newark, sang\\ntwo hymns, one of which was The Centennial Hymn, followed\\nby an address from the Hon. Charles D. Deshler, of Ne%v Bruns-\\nwick.\\nAddress by Hon. Charles D. Deshler, of New Brunswick.\\n]^h. President, gentlemen of the Senate and House of Assembly, la-\\ndies and, gentlemen\\nIt is something more than an empty sentiment that prompts\\nmen of all ages and countries to dwell upon the beginnings of\\ntheir life as a people, and to commemorate the institutions which\\ntheir ancestors founded. For no man can be deeply interested\\nin studying the history of the formative periods of the common-\\nwealth of which he is a member who is not moved by a feeling\\nof patriotism, nor can he be greatly concerned in recalling the\\nmemory of his ancestors if he have not an honorable pride in\\ntheir character, and be not animated by a lively desire for the\\nperpetuation of the institutions which they transmitted.\\n*For Notes accompanying Mr. Salter s address, see Appendix, page 41-", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "28 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nIn truth, the revival of the memory of the early days of a\\ncountry or commonwealth, whether informal and occasional, or\\non fixed commemorative seasons, at the instance of public bodies,\\nsuch as that which now brings us together, and the study of the\\ninstitutions which were then laid with great toil, with inadequate\\nmeans, and under most unpropitious circumstances, must be a\\nperpetual incitement to the men of after-times to vigilantly guard\\nand reverently preserve the political rights and privileges, and\\nto more highly prize the social blessings, which have been be-\\nqueathed to them. Men are greatly prone, while they uncon-\\nsciously enjoy essential privileges and blessings that seem as\\ncommon to them as the natural benisons, light, and air, and\\nwater, to forget that these were not their heritage by the bounty\\nof nature, but tliat they were evolved through slow and painful\\nprocesses by the toil, the energy, the patience, the intelligence,\\nand the wise foresight of man, and that what was thus slowl} and\\npainfully built up and established can onh be preserved and\\naugmented by the continued loyal, honest, unselfish, and patriotic\\nexertions of other men.\\nTherefore, when the honorable, the Senate and General As-\\nsembly of our State justly mindful of the debt which the present\\nowes to the past, and wisely conceiving that to revive the memory\\nof the past was also to awaken a fuller and deeper sense of re-\\nsponsibility for the present paused in the midst of their labors,\\nand invited their fellow citizens to join them in celebrating ihe\\nlegislative birthday of the commonwealth, and in recalling the\\nagency of the Jerseymen of 1683 in giving form and direction\\nto the mind and purposes of the then infant colony, it was not\\nthe indulgence merely of a graceful sentiment, but was em-\\nphatically the performance of a pious and patriotic duty, calcu-\\nlated to exert a definite, a practical, and a wholesome influence\\nupon the character, the aims, the aspirations and the public and\\nprivate spirit of the Jerseymen of to-da3\\\\\\nFollowing the line of thought which I have thus suggested, I\\ninvite your attention to a cursory general view of the province\\nand people of New Jersey prior to and including the vear of our\\nLord 1683.\\nOn the 12th of March, 1664, Charles the Second of England,\\nin virtue of the alleged sovereignty acquired by the Crown,\\nthrough the discovery of this part of the Coniinent in 1498, by\\nSebastian Cabot, an English navigator, sailing under the Eng-\\nlish flag, granted to his brother James, then Duke of York, but\\nafterward King of England, all those territories extending along\\nthe sea coast, from New Scotland, as it was then styled, but now\\nknown as Nova Scotia, to the east side of Delaware bay and\\nriver. The indenture conveyed to James and his legal succes-\\nsors, not only the lands, minerals, waters, forests and wild\\nanimals of these territories, but also the right and power to", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 29\\nnominate, make, constitute, ordain and confirm, and likewise to\\nrevoke, discharge, change and alter, the governors, officers and\\nministers thereof, as he thought fit and needful; and further,\\nthe right and power to make, ordain and establish, and to abro-\\ngate, revoke or change, all manner of orders, laws, directions,\\ninstructions, forms and ceremonies of government and magistracy,\\nnot contrary to the laws and statutes of England, that he might\\nthink fit and necessary for the government of the same. And\\na few months later, on the 24th of June, of the same year, the\\nDuke of York, by an indenture of that date, sold and assigned\\nto John, Lord Berkeley, Baron of Stratton, and Sir George Car-\\nteret, of Saltrum, in the county of Devon, all that portion of\\nthe land conveyed to him by Charles IL, lying and being to\\nthe westward of Long Island and Manhitas Island, and bounded\\non the east part by the main sea and part by Hudson s river,\\nand hath upon the west Delaware bay or river, and extendeth\\nsouthward to the main ocean as far as Cape May, at the mouth\\nof Delaware bay; and to the northward as far as the norther-\\nmost branch of the said bay or river of Delaware, which is\\nforty-one degrees and forty minutes of latitude, and crosseth\\nover thence in a strait line to Hudson s river in forty-one\\ndegrees of latitude which said tract of land is hereafter to be\\ncalled by the name or names of New Csesaria or New Jersey.\\nThis indenture is a document of great historical significance\\nto Jerseymen. It was the revival and first practical assertion\\nof the long dormant title of the English Crown to the sove-\\nreignty and ownership of the territory, from the Hudson to the\\nDelaware, that had been hitherto occupied by the Dutch as a\\n.part of their Colony of New Netherlands, a title, we pause to\\nsay, which it had not been convenient for the English govern-\\nment to assert during the foreign wars and complications, and\\nthe domestic dissensions and civil wars that had rocked Eng-\\nland to its foundations in the preceding years of the century,\\nbut which was now promptly and effectively enforced in the\\nmonth of August following, by the display of overpowering\\nforce at New Amsterdam, and the surrender of New Nether-\\nlands to the English a month later. By this instrument New\\nJersey was converted from a Dutch into an English colony was\\ngiven the name it still bears and cherishes; was, for the first,\\nconstituted a geographical unit with the definite prescribed\\nboundaries that exist, with slight modifications at this day\\nand it was the real source and starting point of our political\\norganization and existence as a State, modelled on the popular\\nliberties of England instead of on the aristocratic liberties of\\nHolland.\\nPrevious to this, under the Dutch rule, the province had no\\nprescribed boundaries, no distinct existence, and no vitalizing\\nand conterminous political or institutional organization. For", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "30 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nduring the entire period of the Dutch ascendancy, from 1618 to\\n1664, the interior of New Jersey was almost wholly unoccupied\\nby white men. The Dutch loved trade better than adventure.\\nThey had little of the restless energy and daring spirit of the\\npioneer. For the most part, they were content to settle down\\nplacidly and gregariously in their settlements along the Hudson\\nand on the Delaware. And, beyond an occasional spot upon\\nwhich some of their more enterprising companions had estab-\\nlished themselves, the entire district between the two rivers, and\\nindeed, the province at large, was in the undisturbed possession\\nof the Indians, whose enmity they had managed thoroughly to\\narouse. On the Hudson, they had gathered in sufficient num-\\nbers to found a petty town on Bergen Neck, which they styled\\nBergentown and the plantations on both sides of the Neck, as\\nfar as Hackensack, were under its jurisdiction, and were ail com-\\nprised under the title of the Towne of Bergen. A part of tiiis\\ntract, being the portion lying on the North River, including\\nPaulus Hook (now Jersey City), and extending to the marshes\\nnorth and south, was bought of the Indians by Michael Pauw,\\nin July and November, 1630. Another portion, extending from\\nNewark Bay northward to Tappan, and including the Valley of\\nthe Hackensack, was bought of the Indians by Myndert Van\\nHorst, in 1641; and in that year he established a colony, with\\nits headquarters about five or six hundred paces from the vil-\\nlage of the Hackensack Indians. This was the germ of the town\\nof Hackensack. In 1651, courts of justice had been estab-\\nlished at Hopating, near Hackensack. In 1658, Governor\\nStuyvesant Hard-Koppig Piet bought that part of Bergen\\nfrom the Indians, which extended from the great rock above\\nWiehacken to the Kill von Kull. Before this, however, as early\\nas 1640, that section had been already occupied by some settlers,\\nespecially at the town of Bergen; and the settlements at Com-\\nmunipaw, Paulus Hook, and Hoboken were made still earlier,\\nfrom 1630 to 1636. By 1661, Bergen had become quite a\\nthriving village, and in that year it was erected into a distinct\\nmunicipality, with a ciiarter from the government of New Neth-\\nerlands, empowering it to hold courts, and ornamenting it with\\nsuch civil dignitaries as a schout, or sheriff, and three magis-\\ntrates, who united the functions of burgesses and justices. This\\nwas the earliest municipal organization in New Jersey.\\nTurning now from the Hudson to the Delaware, let us trace\\nthe early settlements there under the Dutch rule. The vicinity\\nof Salem was probably the first spot in West Jersey visited by\\nwhite men. Hendrick Hudson had anchored the Half-Moon in\\nDelaware Bay, in 1609, but did not land. In 1616, Cornelius\\nHendricksen sailed from Manhattan, and explored the South\\nRiver, as the Delaware was styled by the Dutch, first landing\\nat the mouth of Salem Creek, and afterward continuing up the", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 31\\nriver to its confluence witli tlie Schuylkill. In 1621, the West\\nIndia Compan}^ projected a settlement on the Delaware, and the\\nexpedition again landed at, or near the site of Salem, from\\nwhence its commander, Cornelis Jacobse May (after whom Cape\\nMay was named), led a party to Sassackon, or Timmer Kill\\n(now Timber Creek), near the present town of Gloucester, and\\nestablished a colony and built a fort* there in 1623. Among\\nthe original settlers who composed this little colony were four\\nDutch couples, who had been married on shipboard, during\\ntheir voyage from Holland to New Amsterdam, and who, soon\\nafter their arrival at the infant metropolis, had been sent from\\nthere in a vessel, with eight others, by order of the Dutch gov-\\nernor, to assist in forming this settlement. Other parties fol-\\nlowed, under the direction of the West India Company, till\\n1629, when the colony was scattered and the settlements de-\\nstroyed b}^ the Indians. Still another attempt was made soon\\nafter to establish a settlement at Fort Nassau, but the settlers\\nwere all massacred or made captive by the Indians, and their\\nhouses burned. And in 1632, discouraged by their ill-fortune,\\nthe Dutch, for the time, abandoned their efforts to plant a colony\\nhere. It is probable that in the following year, not a single\\nEuropean remained on the Delaware, below Trenton or Burling-\\nton, save those who were Indian captives. The years 1637 and\\n1638 were the era of the Swedish attempt at colonization in West\\nJersey. In the former year they landed at Cape Henlopen, and\\npurchased, or alleged that they had purchased, the soil from the\\nIndians, from the Capes of the Delaware to the falls at Sanhi-\\nkans, or Trenton. Between 1637 and 1654, they had planted\\nseveral settlements on the east side of the Delaware, extending\\nfrom Cape May to Burlington, the earliest and most important\\nbeing at the mouth of Salem Creek, some three and a half miles\\nfrom the site of Salem, where they built Fort Helsingborg.\\nLate in 1640, or early in 1641, an English colony of sixiy per-\\nsons, from New Haven, settled near this point, and maintained\\nthemselves for several 3 ears, but were broken up and driven\\naway by the Swedes and Dutch combined, partially in 1642, and\\nfinally in 1648, by which time the Dutch had again succeeded\\nin establishing a few scattered settlements along the Delaware.\\nBesides these settlements of the Dutch on the Hudson, and of\\nthe Dutch and Swedes on the Delaware, prior to 1664, there were\\nseveral interesting instances of exceptional adventuresomeness\\nby Dutchmen, in whom the instincts of the pioneer were mure\\nlargely developed than in the great body of their compatriots.\\nOne of these, which was projected at a very early day, is so\\nlargely invested with the element of romance, so completely en-\\nvironed with an atmosphere of legend and mystery, and so sug-\\n*Fort Nassau.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "32 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\ngestive of dramatic incident and vicissitude, as to excite surprise\\nthat it has not been made the jrroundwork of a historical novel\\nby some one among our native authors. About tiie year 1632, a\\nnumber of Dutch miners gathere I from some Indians, who were\\nvisiting New Amsterdam and had become garrulous over the fire-\\nwater with which tliey were plied, that at a remote spot in the\\nterritory across tlie Hudson rich ores were to be found and also\\nextracted from them a description of the appearance of this spot\\nand tolerably clear directions as to its bearings and how to reach\\nit. Animated by the hope of gain combined with the spirit of\\nadventure these bold fellows furtively left New Amsterdam with\\ntheir families, and striking and following the old Minisink\\nPath pierced the everlasting hills of Sussex and Morris\\ncounties, penetrated the trackless forest wilds that then overspread\\nthe nortliern part of the province, and reached the spot that had\\nbeen revealed to them. It lay near Minisink Island, on the\\nDelaware, partly in the present limits of New Jersey and partly\\nin Pennsylvania. Here they opened mines, which, as the re-\\nmains testify to this day, were on a scale of great magnitude.\\nTo conceal the treasure they had discovered from the envious\\neyes of others, and to ensure the harvest which they anticipated\\nfrom it for themselves, they so covertly and adroitly disposed of\\nthe fruit of their labors and kept up their needful supplies, and\\nmanaged so completely to bury themselves in the wilderness,\\nthat they became lost, not only to the sight, but to the memory\\neven of their quondam companions at New Amsterdam. Tradi-\\ntion savs that for more than a hundred years these voluntary\\nexiles toiled in the mines they had opened, holding no direct\\ncommunication with the outer world, their numbers yearly\\ngrowing fewer and fewer, until at last all had vanished from the\\nscene, and with them the history of the episode and the secrets\\nthey had discovered.\\nSuch, then, was the state of the province when it changed\\nIiands from the Dutch to the English, in 1664. A few small\\nsettlements fringed the Hudson for ten or fifteen miles opposite\\nNew Amsterdam, and Delaware river and bay from Cape May\\nto Trenton. But the whole interior was unsettled and unex-\\nplored. Its soil remained virgin, and its mighty forests unshorn\\nof their primeval majesty. The land lay silent and buried in\\nmystery. Silent! save for the song of the birds, the fitful cry of\\nthe wild beasts, the music of breeze and brook and river in sum-\\nmer, the roar of torrent and tempest in winter, the everlasting\\nboom of the ocean, the hum of the insect world, and all the\\nother multitudinous voices of nature, interrupted now and anon\\nby the whoop of the Indian. The entire population numbered\\nless than five hundred souls. The distant and feeble settlements\\nwere held loosely together by two roads which traversed the\\nprovince, and were more especially designed to keep the com-", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 33\\nmunications open between the forts on the North River and on\\nthe Delaware, and the infrequent intercourse between the dis-\\ntant settlements was maintained b} means of letters and pack-\\nages carried from tribe to tribe by Lidian runners.\\nWith the change from the Dutch to the English rule came a\\nchange from torpor to activity, from stagnation to quick vitality,\\nfrom helpless inertia to energetic progress and development.\\nPromptly after the execution of the grant by the king to the\\nDuke of York, Governor Nicolls, of New York, who was igno-\\nrant of the subsequent conveyance of New Jersey b} the Duke\\nto Berkeley and Carteret, no notification of it having reached\\nhim till several months later, and who understood that both\\nNew York and New Jersey lay within his jurisdiction, extended\\ninvitations of a most liberal kind to settlers and very soon the\\nattention of enterprising men of the English race, in New Eng-\\nland and on Long Island, was directed to this province. On the\\n28th of October, 1664, he gave permission to three persons on\\nLong Island to buy from the Indians all that territory bounded\\non the south and east by the Raritan and the Kills, and extend-\\ning westward into the country twice the length of its breadth,\\nnorth and south, comprising the district within which now lie\\nNewark, Elizabeth, Rahway, Plainfield, Piscataway, Woodbridge\\nand Perth Amboy, and in December of that year he confirmed\\nthe purchase: in the meantime settlers having already begun to\\nflock in at various points. As early as December, 1663, a party\\nof men of English ancestr} from Long Island, had visited Rari-\\ntan bay and river, for the purpose of buying lands from the\\nNeversink and Raritan Indians, and their visit resulted in a\\ngrant of lands from Governor Nicolls, on the 18th of April,\\n1665, to certain of the inhabitants of Gravesend on. Long\\nIsland, which comprised the County of Monmouth, as it was\\nfirst described and bounded. This grant was the justly cele-\\nbrated Monmouth Patent, and by its terms the patentees,\\ntwelve in number, and their successors were to be free from all\\nrents, customs, excise, tax or levy whatsoever for seven years,\\nand were empowered to build towns and villages in such places\\nas they thought most convenient, provided they were not too\\nfar distant and scattering from one another. They were also\\nguaranteed free liberty of conscience, without any molestation\\nor disturbance whatsoever, in their way of worship, and were\\nauthorized to select, by a majority vote, five or seven of the\\nablest and discreetest inhabitants, who should have power to\\nmake their municipal laws, and hold certain courts. The first\\nsettlements under this patent were at Shrewsbury and Middle-\\ntown.\\nMeanwhile the Proprietors, Berkeley and Carteret, were busily\\nengaged in preparing for the government, organization, and set-\\ntlement of the Province. Their first act was to draft and sign a\\n3", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "34 BI CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nconstitution, whicli was remarkably liberal and even popular in\\nits character, and which they entitled The Concessions and\\nAgreements of the Lords Proprietors of New Jersey, to and with\\nall and every of the adventurers, and all such as shall settle and\\nplant there. By this constitution the government of the pro-\\nvince was confided to a governor, a council chosen by the gover-\\nnor, and an assembly of twelve to be chosen annually by the\\nfreemen of the province. To the governor and council were re-\\nserved the power to appoint and remove all officers, to exercise\\na general supervision over courts and executors of the laws, and\\nto lay out the lands but they were restricted from the imposi-\\ntion of any tax upon the people not authorized by the assembly.\\nThe assembly was empowered to pass laws for the government\\nof the province (subject to the approval of the governor), to levy\\ntaxes, build forts, raise militia, suppress rebellion, make war,\\nnaturalize aliens, and apportion lands to settlers. Provision was\\nmade for laying out towns and boroughs and, to invite settlers,\\nespecially planters and farmers, every freeman (the word free-\\nman being here synonymous with freeholder) who should em-\\nbark with, or meet the first governor on his arrival in the colony,\\nprovided with a good musket of prescribed bore, and a designa-\\nted supply of powder and bullets, together with six months pro-\\nvisions, was promised one hundred and fifty acres of land, and as\\nmuch more for every man servant or slave he brought with him\\nsimilarly provided. In addition to these inducements seventy-\\nfive acres of land were promised for every female over fourteen\\nyears of age who should accompany each settler, and as many\\nmore to every Christian servant on the expiration of his term of\\nservice. To those arriving later, if before January 1665-6, one\\nhundred and twenty acres were promised, if master or mistress,\\nor able man servant or slave and weaker servants, male or\\nfemale, were to receive sixty acVes. Those coming during the third\\nyear were promised three-fourths, and those coming during the\\nfourth year one-half of these quantities. And all freemen set-\\ntling here and becoming peaceful citizens were guaranteed free-\\ndom of judgment, of conscience, and of worship, and security of\\nperson and property.\\nBy these Concessions of the proprietors, and the patents and\\ncharters for lands executed thereunder by Governor Carteret on\\nhis arrival, and also by the invitations extended and the grants\\npreviously made by Gov. Nicolls not stopping here to consider\\nthe conflicts of jurisdiction and title that ensued a powerful\\nimpetus was given to the settlement of the province. Men of the\\nAnglo-Saxon race, endowed with active brains and vigorous\\nbodies, flowed in from New England, Long Island and the mother\\ncountry, with a small infusion from Scotland and France.\\nTowns and villages sprang up, farmers clustered into neighbor-\\nhoods, churches and mills were erected, and in a few years it", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 35\\nwas deemed necessary to call the representatives of the people\\ntogether. On the 26th of May 1G6S, a General Assembly for the\\nentire province was convened at Elizabethtown, with deputies\\npresent from Bergen, Elizabethtown, Newark, Woodbridge,\\nMiddletown and Shrewsbury and at its subsequent session in\\nNovember there were also present deputies representing Dela-\\nware River. Save for subsequent events that severed the chain\\nof continuity, this Assembly of May 26th, 1(568, which witnessed\\nthe first conflict in New Jersey between the executive and the\\nrepresentatives of the people, and which inaugurated the first\\ncode of civil and criminal law in our commonwealth, would have\\nbeen the lineal ancestor of our present legislature. But, five\\nyears later, in 1673, the Dutch reconquered New Jersey; and\\nalthough the English regained possession in 1674, the change of\\nsovereignty and mastership was supposed to have impaired the\\nvalidity of the grant by Charles IL to the Duke of York, which,\\nof course, carried with it the Duke s release to Berkeley and\\nCarteret. In consequence, a new conveyance was made to\\nCarteret, in 1675, for East Jersey only; while, William Penn and\\nhis associates, having become the owners of Berkeley s share of\\nthe lands granted in the original conveyance, a deed was given\\nto them for West Jersey, and they assumed its government and\\nproprietorship. Numerous and intricate complications ensued,\\nand although several separate meetings of Assembly were held\\nin eaah of the sections, the} were tainted with irregularity, be-\\ncause of the defective titles and the constant conflicts of their\\nrespective proprietaries. It was not until East Jersey and West\\nJersey were brought under a common proprietorship, by the sale\\nof East Jersey to William Penn and others, by the heirs of Car-\\nteret, and the execution of a new, and a far more full and ex-\\nplicit release from the Duke of York to twenty-four proprietors,\\nof whom William Penn was one, that an Assembly was con-\\nvened at Elizabethtown on ihe first day of March, 1683, which\\nmay be said to have had a regular .uccession until the present\\nday.\\nThe enactments of the General Assemblies, earlier than that\\nof March 1, 1683, are an exceedingly interesting subject of study,\\nfor the illustrations they afford of the moral, social, religious\\nand political characteristics of the people of the province, in the\\ninterval from 1664 to 1683. And if we institute a comparison\\nbetween those that were made by the West Jersey Assemblies\\nand those made by the East Jersey Assemblies, the latter are the\\nsufferers in all that relates to civil and religious liberty and an\\nenlightened humanity.\\nThe people of East Jersey, as fairly represented by their\\ndeputies, manifested a more restless energy and a higher degree\\nof intellectual activity than those of West Jersey. But, taking\\ntheir hue partly from the Puritans of New England, partly", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "36 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nfrom their royalist proprietors, and partl} from the tenor of\\nEnglish law and the dominant temper of the thought and\\naction of the Englishmen of that day, they were intolerant of\\nall who differed from themselves in matters of religion, and\\nwere imbued with a sombreness and an austerity that were\\nreflected in the severity of their penal codes. They elevated\\ncomparatively light offences into crimes whose punishment was\\ntruly draconian, and they often shock the moral sense by their\\nconversion of things innocent, except in their own gloomy and\\naustere imaginations, or that were of inferior atrocity, into\\ncapital crimes whose penalty was death. With a strong desire\\nfor equity and justice in all that relates to dealings between\\nman and man, and a readiness to assert, and a resolute deter-\\nmination to maintain, what they believed to be their rights,\\nnowhere, except in their perennial conflicts with the executive\\npower, do they seem to have had any large conception of popu-\\nlar liberty. In West Jersey, however, where the proprietors\\nrepresented those in England who were laboring for toleration,\\nfor liberty of conscience, for alleviation of human woe and dis-\\ntress, and who were animated by a lively sympathy for popular\\nrights, a very different temper prevailed. In 1675, the West\\nJersey proprietors had made the golden announcement, far in\\nadvance of the age: We lay a foundation for after ages to\\nunderstand their liberty as Christians and as men, that they\\nmay not be brought into bondage save by their own consent;\\njor we put the power in the people. And in conformity with this\\nannunciation of a constitution of government more popular\\nthan any then existing or even dreamed of elsewhere, it was\\ndecreed in the very first law passed by the General Free Assem-\\nbly of West Jersey that no man or number of men hath any\\npower over conscience, and that no person shall at any time,-\\nin any ways, or on any pretence, be called in question, or in the\\nleast punished or hurt, for any opinion in religion. It was\\nalso decreed that the deputies to the General Assembly should\\nbe chosen, not b}^ the co ifused way of cries and voices, but by\\nthe balloting box that every man was to be capable of choosing\\nand being chosen that the deputies were to be instructed by,\\nand were to obey the instructions of their electors; that if the\\nieputy were disobedient or unfaithful, he could be questioned\\nbefore the Legislature by any one of his electors; that in order\\nthat he may be known as tlie servant of the people, one\\nshilling was to be paid the deputy daily by his constituents in\\nsatisfaction of his trouble and outlay that no one should be\\nimprisoned for debt; and that the penalty of death should be\\ninflicted for murder only. Thus, while, in East Jersey, the chief\\nfeatures of the harsh codes of England and New England\\nmultiplying capital crimes, and even punishing witchcraft with\\ndeath were transferred to their statutes by its early legislators,\\nm", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 37\\ntoj::ether with many other asperities of the civil and criminal\\nlaw of England and while they could be excited to an invin-\\ncible jealousy of the executive and his council, but yet be\\nforgetful of many fundamental principles of personal and\\npublic liberty, in West Jersey the laws were mild, punish-\\nments were bloodless, the stocks and the whipping-post were\\nunknown, liberty was common as air, and tlie influence of the\\npeople upon the government and the laws was immediate and\\ncontrolling.\\nThe enactments of tlie General Assembly, of March 1st., 1683,\\nwhile preserving, in their general lines, the austerity and sev-\\nerity of those of the earlier jisseniblies of East Jersey, still dis-\\nclose a decided amelioration in numerous essential particulars.\\nThe caj)ital crimes punishable with death under the earlier\\ncodes, twelve in number, were now reduced more than one-half.\\nAmong those struck off from the sanguinary list, and indeed\\nerased entirely from the statute book, was that of being\\nfound to be a witch, either male or female while some others\\nof darker hue were assigned to the category of minor crimes\\nWMth lighter penalties than before. There is also a perceptible\\ndiminution in the number of specified offences, and a decided\\nmitigation of the severity of penalties generally But while this\\ngeneral amelioration of the laws is visible, the lines were drawn\\nwith even greater strictness, and heavier penalties were de-\\nnounced against delinquencies of a moral and religious nature,\\nsuch as the beastly vice of drunkenness, profaning the\\nLord s day, and profanely taking God s name in vain by\\ncursing and swearing and, for the first, imprisonment for debt\\nbecame a part of the statute. One very curious and touching\\nfeature of the bill, embodying the laws of the province, adopted\\nby this assembly, was the provision that whoever shall afllict\\nthe widow or fatherless shall be punished by the judges accord-\\ning to the nature of the transgression; and another provision\\nof the same bill, luminous with humanity, and instinct with the\\nsentiment of justice for such as were too feeble to protect them-\\nselves, was one for the alleviation of the condition of apprentices\\nand those who were in servitude, and assuring them their free-\\ndom in due time.* In addition to its other labors, which were\\nNo white servant, says ihis provision, whether male or female, if 17 years of\\nage wlien bound or bought, shall serve above four years from the time of his arrival\\nhere, and then be free; and if they be under 17 years of age, not to serve until thev\\nbe above 21, and then to be free No white servant shall be sold or trans-\\nported, against his or their consent, to any place out of this province; and at the\\nex[)iration of his or their service, his or liieir master, or mistress, or agent shall fiir-\\nnisn the aforesaid servant or servants, and each of them respectively, with two suits\\nof apparel, suitable for a servant, one good fallin r ax, a good hoe, and seven bushels\\nof good Indian corn If a man or woman maim, or smite the eye of his\\nman or maid servant, being a white servant, so that it perish, or smite out the tooth\\nof his or their man or maid servant, such servant shall go free. If master, or mis-", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "38 BICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF\\nin the highest degree creditable to the manliness, sense of jus-\\ntice, intelligence and forecast of its members, this assembly first\\ndefinitely divided the province into counties, provided for the\\nyearly appointment of a sheriff and deputy-sheriff for each,\\nerected courts for the trial of small causes in every town, and\\ncounty courts in each of the counties, established a court of com-\\nmon rights for the whole province, and started into operation\\nthe entire machinery of our civil and political organization, so\\nthat it reached the humblest citizen, touched every ramification\\nof society, and gave security to every man for the protection of\\nhis person, and the enjoyment of his lawful rights and property.\\nWhen we contemplate the men of those days we are prone to\\njudge them as if tlieir light and environments were the same as\\nour own. We forget that allowances are due them because of\\nthe times in which they lived and the inferior opportunities and\\nadvantages the} enjoyed. Let it be remembered always in\\njudging their acts and motives, that they lived in a land that\\nwas new and for the most part unexplored that society was rude\\nand unformed that they were separated from each other by wide\\nand roadless tracts, and as yet formed a mere thread of civiliza-\\ntion between the coast and the unpenetrated and to them impene-\\ntrable hills, and swamps, and forests of the interior that instead\\nof the railroads and highways whose network now intersects the\\nstate at every point, rendering communication and intercourse\\neasy, there were then but two highways traversing the state from\\neast to west, and a few straggling and hastily improvised country\\nroads connecting neighboring settlements; that the now mighty\\ncity of New York had then less than four thousand inhabitants,*\\nwhile Philadelphia was yet to be built, having been founded\\nless than a year before that the population of the province itself\\nwasless than seven thousand, of whom aboutfive thousand were in\\nEast Jersey and two thousand in West Jersey and that the men\\nof that day, few as they were in number, and poor in purse how-\\never ricli they might be in hope and lavish of toil, were con-\\nfronted by physical difficulties and embarrassments which might\\nwell have discouraged effort and have exhausted all their powers\\nof mind and body; but, in spite of which they solidly laid the\\nbroad foundations of our social and civil fabric, and originated\\nand put in operation a body of law, which with all its imper-\\nfections, was dominated by keen intelligence, sound judgment,\\nand a wise adaptedness to the needs, the temper, and the spirit of\\nthe times and society in which they lived. Nor were these\\ntress, or agent, immoderately correct their servants, they shall be punished for the\\nsame by the next sessions of the county court All masters or mistresses\\nhaving r- gro slaves, shall allow them sufficient accommodation of victi:als and\\nclothing.\\n*In 1664 the population of New York was about 1,500, in 1673 about 2000, in\\n1678 about 3000, and in 1683 about 3,900.", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. 39\\nphysical and social difficulties all that they had to encounter. If\\ntheir means of inter-communication were few and rude, their\\nmeans for moral and intellectual culture and intercourse were\\nstill fewer. There were few churches and no school houses. There\\nwas no post office and no newspaper. There was no printing\\npress the only one then in America being at Cambridge in\\nMassachusetts, Bradford s press not having been set up in Phila-\\ndelphia till two years later. The publication of books and\\npamphlets in this country was not merely discouraged but was\\nprohibited and even in England the publications were few and\\nfar between. The English Bible, the book which of all others\\nhas exerted the profoundest and most beneficent influence upon\\nmankind, and upon the people of the Anglo-Saxon race in\\nespecial, had been translated less than seventy-five years and as\\nthe Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts\\nwas not yet founded, few copies had reached America, nor were\\nthey much more plentiful in England. John Milton s Paradise\\nLost was published in 1666, Bunyan s Pilgrim s Progress in 1660,\\nand Dryden and Sir Isaac Newton, were at the zenith of their\\nfame, but it is doubtful if there were a hundred copies of the\\nworks of all these illustrious men combined, in this country in\\n1683, and the great Elizabethan poets, with Shakespeare at their\\nhead, were yet more scarce.\\nNor is this all. Modern literature and modern science and art\\nwere unborn. All the great poets, philosophers, theologians, his-\\ntorians, wits, essayists and scholars who have illumined the\\nworld by their writings all the great orators, sages, statesmen,\\nheroes, and patriots, who have adorned it and inspired it by\\ntheir example for two hundred years, were unborn, or as yet,\\nundeveloped. Chemistry, medicine, all the physical sciences\\nwere in their infancy. The powers and applications of coal and\\nsteam and electricity were undiscovered. And yet the men of\\nthe Assembly of 1683, with their few books, their simple learn-\\ning, their ignorance of the great practical sciences, their lack of\\nall the tools and appliances of knowledge, which we are accus-\\ntomed to deem indispensable, wrought well and worthily, and\\ntheir work lives after them, stamped indelibly upon our laws\\nand institutions, and upon the social character of our people.\\nAnd now, if we ask ourselves, how it was that such plain men,\\nhaving at their command means so inadequate, made so lasting\\nan impression upon the State, and so indelibly stamped their\\ncharacteristics upon its people, the answer is not far to seek\\nand if we, of this generation, would have our works live after\\nus as their works live after them, we shall lay it to heart. It\\nwas because the} were earnest men, sharp in temper and th\\nwills not easily shaken, but yet gifted with that most vl?luable\\nand practical of all kinds of wisdom, sterling common \u00c2\u00abenso.\\nIt was because, even where they most erred, they strove after a", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "40 BI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION.\\nlofty moral ideal. It was because the} had strong convictions,\\nand were true to them. It was because they were honest men,\\nwho dealt justly, if sharply, with one another. It was because\\nthey were clean-handed and clean-minded men, who hated\\nlying, and fraud, and knavery, and all manner of iniquity with\\nan invincible hatred, and were determined to stamp them out.\\nIt was because they were single-minded men, who did the work\\nthat came to their hands with all their might. And, above all,\\nit was because they were men who feared God, and sought to\\nbuild up a commonwealth which should beiramedin conformity\\nwith His laws, as they understood them.\\nTHE governor s RECEPTION.\\nIn the evening, from eight to eleven o clock, Governor Ludlow\\nheld a reception in the Executive department at the State Capi-\\ntol. The Senat ;rs, Assemblymen, State officers. Judiciary, and\\na large number of the citizens of the State and Trenton were\\npresent, and paid their respects to His Excellency. Prof. Peter-\\nmann s orchestra was in attendance and furnished excellent\\nmusic during the levee.\\nThe celebration was a very enjoyable and interesting one, and\\nthe manner in which it was carried out is highly creditable to\\nthe committee of arrangements.\\nI", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX.\\nThe following Notes accompany Mr. Salter s address. They\\nwere prepared by that gentleman with considerable labor and\\ntrouble, and are published herewith as an appendix to his ad-\\ndress\\nPresident Lincoln s Ancestry.\\nThe founder of the family was Samuel Lincoln, who came\\nfrom Norwich, England, to Massachusetts; he had a son, Mor-\\ndecai 1st, of Hingham he in turn had sons, Mordecai 2d, born\\nApril 24, 1686 Abraham, born January 13, 1689 Isaac, born\\nOctober 21, 1691, and a daughter, Sarah, born July 29, 1694, as\\nstated in Savage s Genealogical Dictionary. Mordecai 2d and\\nAbraham moved to Monmouth county, N J., where the first-\\nnamed married a granddaughter of Captain John Bowne, and\\nhis oldest son, born in Monmouth, was named John. About\\n1720 the Lincolns moved to Eastern Pennsylvania, where Mor-\\ndecai s first wife died, and where he married again. He died at\\nAmity, Pa., and his will, dated February 23d, 1735, and proven\\nJune 7th, 1736, mentions wife Mary, and children John, Thomas,\\nHannah, Mary, Ann, Sarah, Mordecai (born 1730), and a pros-\\npective child. The latter proved a boy, and was named Abra-\\nliam, who subsequently married Ann Boone, a cousin of Daniel\\nBoone. John Lincoln, the eldest son, with some of his neigh-\\nbors, moved to Rockingham county, Virginia; he had sons,\\nAbraham, Isaac, Jacob, Thomas and John. John 1st died at\\nHarrisonburg, Va. His oldest son, Abraiiam, who was grand-\\nfather of President Lincoln, married Mary Shipley, of North\\nCarolina, and had children Mordecai, Josiah, Thomas, Mary and\\nNancy. About 1780-2 he moved to Kentucky with his brother\\nThomas. In the spring of 1784 Abraham, while planting in a\\nfield, was killed by an Indian. His son Thomas (President Lin-\\ncoln s father), who was then about six years old, was with the\\nfather in the field, and the Indian tried to capture him, but was\\nshot and killed by Mordecai, the oldest brother of the boy.\\nThomas Lincoln had only one son, Abraham, who became Pres-\\nident of the United States.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "42 APPENDIX.\\nCapt. John Bowne s Last Words.\\nJudge George C. Beekman, of Freehold, states that the follow-\\ning is a copy of an old paper found among the private papers of\\nan old Monmouth county family\\nSome words of Advice and Council spoken by Capt. John\\nBowne to his children, as he lay on his death bed, January ye\\n3rd 168|.\\nThere is no way in the world for a man to obtain felicity in\\nthis world or in the world to come, but to take heed to the ways\\nof the Lord and to put his trust in Him, who deals faithfully\\nand truly with all men for he knocks at the doors of your\\nhearts and calls you to come and buy, without money and with-\\nout price.\\nMy desire is, that in all actions of Meum and Tuum, you\\ndeal not deceitfully, but plain hearted with all men, and remem-\\nber that your dying Father left it with you for your instruction,\\nthat when trust is with your honor to preserve it. And in all\\ncontracts and bargains that you make violate not your promise,\\nand you will have praise. Let your Mother be your counsellor\\nin all matters of difference, and go not to lawyers, but ask her\\ncounsel first. If at any time, any of you have an advantage of a\\npoor man at law, pursue it not, but rather forgive him if he\\nhath done you wrong, and if you do so, you will have help of\\nthe law of God and of his people. Give not away to youthful\\njollities and sports, but improve your leisure time in the service\\nof God. Let no good man be dealt churlishly by you but enter-\\ntain when they come to your house. But if a vicious, wicked\\nman come, give him meat and drink to refresh him and let him\\npass by your doors. It has been many times in my thoughts,\\nthat for a man to marry a wife and have children, and never\\ntake care to instruct them, but leave them worse than the beasts\\nof the field, so that if a man ask concerning the things of God,\\nthey know not what it means, this is a very sad thing. But\\nif we can season our hearts so as to desire the Lord to assist us\\nhe will help us and not fly from us.\\nCapt. Bowne continued as Speaker of the House of Deputies\\nuntil December, 1683, and it is probable he was taken ill before\\nthe close of the month. He must have died shortly after giving\\ntlie above words of advice, as May 27th of the same year\\n(1684) there was executed an article of agreement signed by\\nLydia Bowne, as his widow and executrix, by which the estate\\nwas divided between the widow, his sons John and Obadiah\\nBowne, Gershom Mott, and daughters Deborah, Sarah, and\\nCatharine.", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 43\\nPLACES WITH NEW JERSEY NAMES.\\nThe following are names of places in other States which may\\nhave been given by persons of New Jersey origin\\nJersey Shore, Lycoming Co., Pa.\\nJersey Mills, Lycoming Co., Pa.\\nJerseytown, Columbia Co., Pa.\\n.Jerseyville, Jersey Co., 111.\\nJersey, Marion Co., Ind,\\nJersey, Oakland Co., Mich.\\nJersey, Licking Co., Ohio.\\nThere are postofRces named Monmouth in Virginia, Illinois,\\nIndiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine and Oregon.\\nPostofRces named Trenton are in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia,\\nIllinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michi-\\ngan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, North Caro-\\nlina, South Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee and Wisconsin.\\nIn thirteen States are postoffices named Newark. In about\\ntwenty States are Burlingtons, but some of these may be in com-\\npliment to the Vermont town of the same name.\\nFirst Settlers op Monmouth County.\\nThe Monmouth Patent was granted April 8th, 1665. Between\\nthat date and 1670, the persons named below had settled in the\\ncounty, or aided in its settlement by paying for shares of land\\nbought of the Indians. The place from whence each is known\\nor supposed to have come is given as far as ascertained. Many\\nof those from Rhode Island and Long Island can be traced back\\nto Massachusetts.\\nGeorge Allen, Mass. George Chutte, R. I.\\nJohn Allen, R. I. Walter Clarke, R. L\\nChristopher Allmey, R. I. Tiiomas Clifton, R. I.\\nJob Allmey, R. I. *Wm. Coddington, R. I.\\nStephen Arnold, R. I. *Joshua Coggeshall, R. I.\\nJames Ash ton, R. I. *John Coggeshall, R. I.\\nJohn Bird. Edward Cole, R. I.\\nJoseph Boyer. Jacob Cole.\\nBenjamin Borden, R. I. Joseph Coleman.\\nRichard Borden, R. I. John Cook, R. I.\\nJohn Bowne, L. I. William Compton, L. I.\\nGerrard Bowne, L. I. John Conklin, L. I.\\n*Francis Brindley, R. I. Thomas Cox, L. I.\\nNicholas Brown, R. I. John Cox, L. I.\\nAbraham Brown, R. I. Edward Crome.\\n*Henry Bull, R. I. *Nicholas Davis, R. I.\\n^Robert Carr, R. I. Richard Davis, R. I.\\nWm. Cheeseman. William Deuell, R. I.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "44\\nAPPENDIX.\\nBenjamin Deuell, R. I.\\nThomas Dungan, R. I.\\nRoger Ellis and Son, R. I.\\nPeter Easson (Easton), R. I.\\nDaniel Estcll.\\nGideon Freeborn, R. I.\\nAnnias Gauntt, R. I.\\n*Zachary Gauntt, R. I.\\nIsrael Gauntt, R. I.\\nRichard Gibbons, L. L\\nWilliam Gifford, Mass.\\nWilliam Goulding, L. I.\\n*Daniel Gould, R. I.\\nRalph Gouldsmith.\\nJames Grover, Sr., L. I.\\nJames Grover, Jr.. L. I.\\nJohn Hall.\\nJohn Hanee, Wales\\nJohn Haundell.\\nThomas Hart.\\nJohn Hawes.\\nJohn Havens, R I.\\nRobert Hazard, R. I.\\nJames Heard.\\nRichard Hartshorne, England.\\nTobias Haudson.\\nSamuel Holliman(Holman),R.I\\nObadiah Holmes, R. I.\\nJonathan Holmes, R. I.\\nJohn Horabin.\\nJoseph Huit.\\nRandall Huet, Sr.\\nRandall Huet, Jr.\\nGeorge Hulett, R, I.\\nRichard James, R. I.\\nWilliam James, R. I.\\n*John Jenkins, Mass.\\nRobert Jones, N. Y.\\nJohn Jobs.\\nGabriel Kirk.\\nEdmund Lafetra.\\nWilliam Lawrence, L. I.\\nWilliam Layton, R. I.\\nJames Leonard, R. I.\\nHenry Lippett, R. I.\\nRichard Lippencott, L. I.\\nBartholomew Lippencott. L. I.\\nMark Lucar (Luker), R. I.\\nFrancis Masters.\\nLewis Mattux, R. I.\\nRichard Moor.\\nThomas Moor, L. I.\\nGeorge Mount.\\nWilliam Newman.\\nAnthony Page.\\n.Joseph Parker.\\nPeter Parker.\\nHenry Percy.\\nEdward Pattison, R. I.\\nThomas Potter, R. I.\\nWilliam Reape, R. I.\\nRichard Richardson, R. I.\\nJohn Ruckman, L. I.\\nRichard Sadler.\\nBarth. Shamgungue.\\nWilliam Shaberly, Barbadoes\\nThomas Shaddock, R. I.\\nSamuel Shaddock, R. I.\\nWilliam Shattock, R. I.\\nWilliam Shearman, R. I.\\nJohn Slocum, R. I.\\n^Nathaniel Sylvester, L. I.\\nRichard Sissell.\\nEdward Smith, R. L\\nJohn Smith, R. I.\\nSamuel Spicer, L. I.\\nRobert Story.\\nRichard Stout, L. I.\\nJohn Stout, L. I.\\nEdward Tartt.\\n-Robert Taylor, R. I.\\nJohn Tomson.\\nJohn Throckmorton, R. I.\\nJob Throckmorton, R. I.\\nEd ward Thurston, R. L\\nJohn Til ton, L. I\\nPeter Tilton. L. I.\\nNathaniel Tomkins.\\nJohn Townsend, L. I.\\nJohn Wall, L. I.\\nWalter Wall, L. I.\\nThomas Wansick.\\nMarmaduke Ward.\\nEliakim WardeL, R. L\\nGeorge Webb.\\n*Edward Wharton, Mass.", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 45\\nRobert West, Sr., R. I. Thomas Winterton.\\nRobert West, Jr R. I. John Wood.-\\nBartliolomew West. R. I. Emanuel Woolley, R. I.\\nTliomas Whitlock, L. I. Thomas Wright.\\nJohn Wilson.\\nNotices of Members of the General Assembly,\\n1683.\\nThomas Rudyard, Deputy Governor. The twenty-four pro-\\nprietors selected Robert Barclay, the celebrated Quaker writer,\\nas Governor of the Province of East Jersey, wirh permission to\\nremain in England. Governor Barclay appointed as his Deputy\\nThomas Rudyard, September 16th, 1682. His commission as\\nSecretary and Register is given in New Jersey Archives vol. 1,\\n376. References to his commission as Deputy are made in\\nLearning and Spicer, p. 166, and in New Jersey Analytical\\nIndex, p. 9. Rudyard arrived here from England, November\\n13th, 1682. He took his oaths as Secretary and Register Decem-\\nber 1st, 1682, and on the 10th of the same month he appointed\\nhis Council, as named in the Minutes of the Governor and\\nCouncil 1682, before whom he was sworn into office as Deputy\\nGovernor December 20th.\\nThomas Rudyard was originally from the town of Rudyard,\\nin Staffordshire, but at the time of his appointment was a resi-\\ndent of London. His legal attainments were thought to be of a\\nhigh order, and it was probably from his connection with the\\ntrial of William Penn and William Mead, in 1670, for acting\\ncontrary to the provisions of the Conventicle Act, that made\\nhim acquainted with the East Jersey project. He took an active\\ninterest in promoting the views of the twenty-four proprietors,\\nand his house in George Yard, Lombard street, became the\\ndepository of their papers, maps, c., for the information of\\ninquirers.\\n*The persons thus marked did not settle in the county, but paid for shares of land\\nwhich they may have transferred to others. Henry Bull, William Coddington,\\nWalter Clarke and .John Coggeshali were governors of Rhode Island Francis\\nBrindley was a governor s assistant, judge, c.; Joshua Coggeshali was governor s\\nassistant, c. Edward Thurston, a deputy all of Rhode Island. Nicholas Davis,\\nthe patentee, was drowned about 1672. Robert Carr sold his share to Giles Slocum,\\nof Newport, for his son John Slocum, who settled on it. Zachary Gauntt, of New-\\nport, sold his share to his brother Annias.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "46 APPENDIX.\\nThe trial of William Penn and William Mead, with which\\nRndyard was connected, took place at Old Bailey, September 1st,\\n1670. Thev and others, to the number of 800, on the 14th of\\nAugust preceding, unlawfully and tumultuously did assemble\\nand congregate themselves together to the disturbance of the\\npeace. The Quakers being kept out of their meeting houses,\\nwent in the streets before them, and William Penn and others\\ndid take upon themselves to speak to them. Rudyard him-\\nself, in the June preceding, had been subjected to several indict-\\nments in the same Court, prompted by his skilful defence of\\nclients suffering from arbitrary proceedings of the authorities,\\nand on one occasion his house was broken open in the dead of\\nnight and he apprehended as a person suspected and dis-\\naffected to the peace of the kingdom. (Whitehead s East Jer-\\nsey, pp. 164-5; New Jersey Archives, vol. 1, p. 376)\\nRudyard did not long retain his position as Deputy Governor.\\nGawen Lawrie, was appointed his successor by commission\\ndated London, July, 1683, but he did not arrive in the province\\nuntil the beginning of the following year, his commission being\\nread in Council February 28th, 1684, as stated in the Minutes of\\nthe Council (page 100.) Rudyard retained the office of Secre-\\ntary and Register until tha close of 1685, when he left the\\nprovince and went to Barbadoes.\\nIn Rudyard s letter of May 3rd, 1683, he describes the people\\nof New Jersey thus: They are generally a sober, professing\\npeople, wise in their generation, courteous in their behaviour,\\nand respectful to us in office among them.\\nWilliam Penn was one of the twelve purchasers of East Jer-\\nsey at the sale in 1682, the particulars of which were given in\\nthe able address of Hon A. Q. Keasbey, entitled The Bi-Cen-\\ntennial of the Purchase of East Jersey by the Proprietors. de-\\nlivered before the New Jersey Historical Society, January 19th,\\n1882. Mr. Keasbey said\\nOn the first of February, 1682, the deed was made and de-\\nlivered, and twelve land speculators, headed by William Penn,\\nbecame the sole owners in fee of all this fair domain, and from\\nthem must be traced the title to every lot and parcel of land\\nwhich changes owners in East Jersey. And the direct successors\\nof Penn and his eleven associates still an organized body, with\\nactive managing officers own every acre of land which the}\\nhave not sold, and every purchaser who wants to buy can now\\nmake his bargain with them, as purchasers did two hundred\\nyears ago.\\nDuring the course of the year (1682) the twelve owners of the\\ntract forming East Jersey conveyed one-half their interest to\\ntwelve others, to hold with them as tenants in common, and thus\\nwas formed the body of Twenty-Four Proprietors. William Penn\\ncame to America the same year, and landed at New Castle, Del-", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 47\\naware, October 27th. In November he went to New York, to\\npay his duty to the Duke of York by visiting his province. He\\nreturned from this duty toward the end of the same month.\\nDeputy Governor Rudyard, in a letter dated May 3d, 1683, says\\nWilliam Penn took a view of the land this last month when\\nhere, and said he had never seen such before in his life. In\\nthe Minutes of the Governor and Council, March, 1083, he is\\nnamed as being present in the Council from the first to the sixth\\nof the month, inclusive.\\nSamuel Groome came to East Jersey in November, 1682, ac-\\ncompanying Deputy Governor Rudyard, as Surveyor and Re-\\nceiver General. He is styled mariner of Stepney, and is first\\nmentioned, in connection with America, as being in command\\nof a vessel of his own, that was in some port in Maryland, 1676.\\nHis touching at West Jersey on his way back to England, was\\nprobably the cause of his becoming connected with the East\\nJerse} Proprietors. His letters preserved in Scots Model, in-\\ndicate that he was much pleased with the province. He died in\\n1683, leaving in the stocks at Perth Amboy, unfinished, the first\\nvessel known to have been built in East Jersey. His proprietary\\nright was transferred to William Dockwra in July of the same\\nyear. (N. J. Archieves, Vol. 1, p. 527.)\\nCol. Lewis Morris was originally from Monmouthshire, Eng-\\nland, and there inherited the paternal estate of Tintern. He\\nraised a troop of horse for parliament, for which Charles the\\nFirst confiscated his estate. In return for his losses Cromwell\\nsubsequently indemnified him. He early embraced Cromwell s\\ncause, and having signalized himself on several occasions so as\\nto win Cromwell s regard, he was selected in 1654 to proceed tp\\nthe West Indies with an expedition intended to secure the\\nmastery of these seas. While there he received a Colonel s com-\\nmission, and was second in command upon the attack on Ja-\\nmaica. Having a nephew settled at Barbadoes, he was induced\\nto purchase an estate on that island. And not deeming it ad-\\nvisable to return to England after the restoration, he subse-\\nquently became part owner of the Island of St, Lucia, and took\\nup his abode permanently in the West Indies, remaining there\\nuntil the death of his brother Richard in New York, when he\\ncame on about 1673. (Boltons History West Chester Co. N. Y.)\\nMr. Whitehead in his history of East Jersey says that Col.\\nMorris had granted to him Oct. 25th, 1676, 3,54U acres of land in\\nold Shrewsbury township, to which he gave the name of Tintern,\\nafterwards corrupted to Tinton, after his paternal estate in Mon-\\nmouthshire, England. In 1680 it is said he had here iron\\nmills, his manor, and divers other buildings for his servants and\\ndependants.\\nCol. Morris is named as being present in the council until\\nAug. 16, 1683. In February of the following year the minutes", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "48 APPENDIX.\\nstate that Col. Lewis Morris being mostly absent and living in\\nNew York, and Capt. Palmer and Laurens Andriessen not able\\nto attend, others were selected in their places.\\nMonmouth county owes its name to Col. Lewis Morris. It\\nwas given in an act passed March 13th, 1683, at which time three\\nother counties, Essex, Bergen and Middlesex, were established.\\nCapt. John Palmer lived on Staten Island. When Governor\\nAndros left New York, in 1680, to meet the Assembly of New\\nJersey, his wife, Lady Andros, with nine or ten gentlewomen,\\naccompanied him, and at Capt. Palmer s they stayed all night;\\nfrom this it would seem that his dwelling must have been of con-\\nsiderable pretensions for that day. He was appointed by Deputy\\nGovernor Rudyard as a member of his Council in December,\\n1682. When Deputy Governor Gawen Lawrie arrived to suc-\\nceed Rudyard, he presented his commission before the Council\\nFebruary 28th, 1684; there were then only three members [)re-\\nsent, viz., Majors Sandford,and Berry and Benjamin Price. The\\nnew Deputy Governor stated that Captain Palmer of the late\\nCouncil, by reason of his public employ in the Province of New\\nYork, desired a discharge from the service of the Board. And\\nas Col. Morris and Laurens Andriessen also did not attend, he\\nnamed others in their place. (Minutes Council, pages 100-1.)\\nCaptain William Sandford came from the West Indies, July\\n4th, 1668; he was granted all the meadows and upland lying\\nsouth of a line drawn from the Hackensack to the Passaic, seven\\nmiles north of their intersection, comprising 5,308 acres of up-\\nland, and 10,000 acres of meadow, for \u00c2\u00a320 per annum and on\\nthe twentieth of the same month he purchased the Indian title\\nfor the same. He was appointed by Governor Philip Carteret as\\none of his Council, 1675 also by Deputy Governor Rudyard to\\ntlie same position, 1682, and by Deputy Governor Lawrie in\\n1683, and until 1686. He was commissioned as Major of the\\nmilitia for Essex County, December, 1683. His plantation was\\nconsidered within the jurisdiction of Newark. He died 1692.\\nCaptain John Berry in June 1669, with associates, received a\\ngrant of land adjoining Captain Sandford s extending north\\nsix miles into the country he had also a grant for land on the\\nHudson, north of Hoboken. When Carteret left for England in\\n1672, C-apt. Berry, was appointed by him as Deputy Governor in\\nhis absence and continued as such during the brief rule of the\\nDutch, and the following year. He was commissioned as Major\\nof the militia, December 1683, for the county of Bergen. He con-\\ntinued to be one of the Cou cil under different administrations\\nuntil 1692, when it is presumed he died. He is supposed to\\nhave come originally from Connecticut.\\nLourens Andriessen, whose name in the minutes of the\\nCouncil is given as Lawrence Anderson, and in New Jersey\\nArchives as Andries, Anders, Andrus, c., was a native of Hoi-", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 49\\nstein in Denmark, and came to tliis country in the summer of\\n1655. His name first appears in the records of New Amsterdam,\\n(New York,) June 29th, 1656, in a deed for a lot on Broad street.\\nShortly after the settlement of Bergen he purchased a tract of\\nland in what is now Greenville. He was a man of more than\\nordinary ability for his times, and soon acquired great influence\\nwith his neighbors. He was a member of the Council for several\\nyears, being first appointed March 1672; in that year he signed\\nhis name as one of the Council, and it will be seen bj the fac\\nsiwile in Whitehead s East Jersey, page 299, 2d edition, that he\\ngave it as Andress. He sometimes added after his name Van\\nBoskerck, and his descendants assumed the name of Van Bus-\\nkirk, and are now numerous in Hudson county. He held various\\npublic positions and died in 1694. A sketch of this family is\\ngiven in Winfield s History of Hudson county.\\nBenjamin Price was one of the first associates of Elizabeth-\\ntown, to which place he came from East Hampton, Long Island.\\nHe was much respected and held various public positions, such\\nas justice, deputy, member of Council, c. He lived to an ad-\\nvanced age, dying between 1705 and 1712. His name is fre-\\nquently mentioned in ancient records of Elizabethtown, as may\\nbe seen by reference to Hatfield s history of that place.\\nCaptain John Bowne came to Middletown, N. J., from Graves-\\nend, L. I. He was one of the twelve men named in the noted\\nMonmouth Patent of 1665. He was one of the original settlers\\nof Middletown, and one of the founders of the Baptist church\\nthere the oldest of that society in the State. Until his death\\nin the early part of 1684, he seems to have been the most prom-\\ninent citizen of the county, esteemed for his integrity and ability.\\nHe appeared as a deputy to the first assembly in Carteret s time,\\nwhich met May 26th, 1668, the members of the lower house then\\nbeing called burgesses. He was deputy again 1675, after\\nPhillip Carteret s return from England and in the first legisla-\\nture under the Twenty-four Proprietors, 1683, he was a member\\nand Speaker, and acted until the December following. He held\\nother positions of trust. March 12, 1677, a commission was is-\\nsued to him as President of the Court to hold a court at Middle-\\ntown. In December, 1683, shortly before his last illness, he was\\nappointed Major of the militia of Monmouth count3^ He died\\nin the early part of 1684.\\nRichard Hartshorne was a Quaker of good reputation and\\nbenevolent disposition, who was said to be brother to Hugh\\nHartshorne, the upholsterer in London, by George Fox, in his\\njournal, 1672. He came to this country in September, 1669, and\\nlocated at the Highlands, where descendants have since lived.\\nIn an affidavit made by him in 1716 he says he was 75 years of\\nage, by which it would appear he was born about 1641, and\\nabout 28 vears old when he came here. He was named for High\\n4", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "50 APPENDIX.\\nSheriff of Monmouth county in 1683, but declined the oflice. He\\nheld various positions of trust in the county was deputy sev-\\neral years, and Speaker 1686, a member of the Council 1684-\\n98-9, etc. In the Minutes of the General Assembly, pages 122-\\n3, it is stated that Gov. Dongan, of New York, issued a writ ad-\\ndressed to the authorities of New Jersey ordering the arrest of\\nRichard Hartshorne, then Speaker, and that he be taken to New\\nYork for trial, which tiie Council refused to execute. What was\\nthe offence charged against Hartshorne is not stated.\\nJoseph Parker was an original settler and associate patentee\\nof Monmouth. He filled various positions of trust; was Justice\\nor Judge of the Court 1676-9, commissioner to la}^ out high-\\nways, deputy, etc., and died about 1685. In the Minutes of\\n1683, pages 62-4, is a statement of matters of difference between\\nthe proprietors and council on one hand, and Joseph Parker,\\nJohn Bowne and Richard Hartshorne on the other, relating to\\nthe disputes between the first settlers of Monmouth, who claimed\\ntheir titles under the Patent granted by Col. Nichols, 1665, and\\nalso by purchase of the Indians. The settlers had held their\\nland by what they considered valid titles, had built houses,\\nmills, established farms, etc and they made determined resist-\\nance to what they considered the unreasonable demands and\\naggressions of the proprietors and their agents, and their opposi-\\ntion continued until it occasionally broke out in forcible resist-\\nance to the proprietors government.\\nIn 1701 the people of Monmouth seized the Governor and\\nJustices, Attorne}^ General and Clerk of the Court, and kept\\nthem prisoners from March 25th to March 29th. The people\\nconcerned in this affair were of the most honest, respected class\\nin the county; they considered their rights trampled upon by\\nthe proprietors and would not yield them without an earnest\\ncontest. These disputes between the first settlers and the pro-\\nprietors, was one cause of so many persons leaving New Jersey\\nand settling in Pennsylvania and elsewhere. In fact the ques-\\ntion of the legal rights and claims of the proprietors, after a\\nlapse of two hundred years, yet remains unsettled in some par-\\nticulars, as suits are now in courts in this State contesting some\\nof their claims.\\nJohn Hance was one of the original settlers of Shrewsbury.\\nHe is named as a deputy and overseer at a court held at Port-\\nland Point, December 28, 1669. He held various positions in\\nthe county, among which was justice and that of schepen, to\\nwhich he was appointed by the Dutch, during their brief rule,\\nin 1673. It is said that he came from Wales. He was a deputy\\nto the Assembly in 1668, but refused to take or subscribe the\\noath of allegiance, but with provisoes, and would not yield the\\nclain:isof his people, under the Monmouth Patent, and submit to\\nthe laws and government of the Proprietors, when directed", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 51\\nagainst those claims; in consequence of which he was rejected\\nas a member, as were also Jonathan Holmes, Edward Tart and\\nThomas Winterton, at the same session, for the same reasons.\\nHance was re-elected a deput} 1680, and at other times.\\nJohn Gillman is named as an associate patentee at Piscata-\\nqua, in 1668, when he took up 300 acres of land. He probably\\ncame from Piscataqua, New Harapsliire. He was a deputy to\\nthe Assembly, in 1675, 1680 and in 1683; was appointed a com-\\nmissioner of highways by the legislature the last-named year,\\nand also an assessor for Middlesex, and a justice or judge of the\\ncourt for small causes.\\nEdward Slater was an early settler at Piscataqua, being\\nnamed in Whitehead s History of Amboy among those who took\\nup land previous to 1690, he having taken up 464 acres The\\nname is frequently given as Slaughter. In the returns of elec-\\ntion of deputies for Piscataqua, 1680, given in New Jersey Ar-\\nchives, vol. 1, page 307, he is called Edward Slaughter, and this\\nname is given in Howe s Collections and other works. He was\\ntown clerk of Piscataqua 1684-7, 1692-7; was appointed a\\ncommissioner to lay out highways in 1683, and also an assessor\\nand a justice of the peace and judge of the court of sessions the\\nsame year.\\nHenry Lyon is named among the first settlers of Newark,\\n1666-7 in 1668 he was appointed to keep an inn or tavern for\\nthe entertainment of strangers and travelers, and instructed to\\nprepare it as soon as possible. He seems to have soon moved\\nto Elizabethtown and was a Deputy from there, 1675, 1680-83.\\nHe was appointed by Deputy Governor Gawen Lawrie, as a\\nmember of the Council, February, 1684, and continued in that\\nposition 1685-6. He was appointed Treasurer of the coun-\\ntry or province 1683.\\nBenjamin Parkhurst, was an early and influential citizen of\\nElizabethtown, frequently mentioned in the ancient records of\\nthat place as will be seen by reference to Hatfield s History of\\nElizabethtown. His name is frequently given as Parkis. He\\nwas appointed a Surveyor of the Highways in 1683 by the Leg-\\nislature of which he was a member, also as an Assessor for Essex\\nand a Justice or Judge of the Court of Sessions.\\nSamuel Moore came to Wood bridge probably from Massa-\\nchusetts and received a patent for three hundred and fifty-six\\nacres about 1670. For about twenty years from 1668 to 1688,\\nhe held the position of Town Clerk was a member of the Town-\\nship Court, 1671; Lieutenant of the Militia, 1675; High Sheriff\\nof Middlesex 1683, and Deputy to the Assembly, 1668-71, 83-8,\\nand died about the last named year, 1688. On the 9th of De-\\ncember 1675, he was appointed the Country s Treasurer for the\\nProvince for the year ensuing, and again appointed Treasurer\\nof the Province of East Jersey in 1678.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "52 APPENDIX.\\nSamuel Dennis came to Woodbridge, probably from Yar-\\nmouth, Massachusetts, and received a patent for ninety-four acres,\\n1670, or previously. He was a member of the Township Court,\\n1674 and 1693; Town Clerk, 1692-3 and 1695 and 1707; was\\nDeputy to Assembly 1675-9 and 83 was appointed by Deputy\\nGovernor Gawen Lawrie, as a member of the Council 1684, and\\ncontinued in that position most of the time until 1703 was also\\nan Assessor, Justice of the Court of Sessions, c.\\nJohn Curtis is named among tlie original settlers of Newark\\nin the records of that town was treasurer of the town 1689 was\\nmember of the Assembly 1683-8, commissioner to lay out high-\\nways, and assessor for Essex county 1683-8; justice of the court,\\netc.\\nThomas Johnson came to Newark about 1666 it is supposed\\nhe came from Milford, Connecticut. He was a deputy 1675-80,\\nin Carteret s time, and 1683; a commissioner to lay out high-\\nways, assessor, justice of the court, etc.\\nMathewis or Mathias Cornelis, of Bergen, was a deputy\\n1683, and assessor the same year, He appears to have been less\\nin public life than the other members of the Assembly. If he\\nis the same Matheus Cornelison named in New Jersey Archives,\\nVol. 2, p. 327, it is probable that he is less frequently mentioned\\nbecause of his not being acquainted with the English language.\\nAs a signer to a petition in 1700, his assent is thus given dit\\nist mark van matheus Cornelison.\\nElias Mickellson or Michielsen, was probably a son of\\nMichiel Jansen, the common ancestor of the Vreeland family in\\nthis country. Jansen came from Broeckhuysen, and left Holland\\nOctober 1, 1636, with his wife and two children. He first settled\\nat Greenbush opposite Albany; became a resident of New Am-\\nsterdam 1644; in 1646 they removed to Communipaw, N. J. His\\nsons Elias and Enoch became prominent in public affairs Elias\\nwas deputy to the Assembly 1675-83-88-95, and at subsequent\\nsessions. In accordance with the Dutch custom at that time,\\ntheir last name was derived from their fathers first name\\nMichielsen, meaning Michiels son. To this was added as a sur-\\nname Vreeland by which descendants are now known. An ac-\\ncount of this family is given in Winfield s History of Hudson\\ncounty, and notices of descendants in N. Y., Genealogical and\\nBiographical Record, January, 1878.\\n(Note. In the foregoing notices of members of the General Assembly of 1683,\\nthe authorities from which items are derived are not given in all cases, as it would\\nhave necessitated frequent repetition. They are chiefly from Wm. A. Whitehead s\\nHistories of East Jersey and Perth Araboy, Leaming and Spicer s Grants and Con-\\ncessions, Minutes of Governor and Council, 1682-1703, New .Jersey Archives, vols.\\n1 and 2, Janney s Life of William Penn, Hatfield s History of Elizabethtown, Win-\\nfield s History of Hudson County, and Newark Records.)", "height": "3436", "width": "2099", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "MEMBERS OF THE\\nOne Hundred and Seventh Legislature\\nOF THE STATE OF NEW JERSEY.\\n1883.\\nSENATORS.\\nCounty. Name.\\nAtlantic John J. Gardner.\\nBergen Isaac Wortendyke.\\nBurlington Hezekiah B. Smith.\\nCamden Albert Merritt.\\nCape May Waters B. Miller.\\nCumberland Isaac T. Nichols.\\nEssex William Stainsby.\\nGloucester Thomas M. Ferrell.\\nHudson Elijah T. Paxton.\\nHunterdon John Carpenter, Jr.\\nMercer .John Taylor\\nMiddlesex Abraham V. Schenck.\\nMonmouth John S. Applegate.\\nMorris James C. Youngblood.\\nOcean Abraham C. B. Havens.\\nPassaic John W. Griggs.\\nSalem ...George Hires.\\nSomerset Eugene S Doughty.\\nSussex .Lewis Cochran.\\nUnion Benjamin A. Vail.\\nWarren George H. Beatty.", "height": "3436", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "celebrationofbic00newj_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "54 APPENDIX.\\nASSEMBLYMEN.\\nCounty. Name.\\nAtlantic John L. Bryant.\\nBergen Peter R. Wort^ndyke.\\nJohn Van Bussum.\\nBurlington Theodore Budd.\\nStacy H. Scott.\\nHorace Cronk.\\nCamden George W. Borton.\\nJohn Bamford.\\nClayton Stafford.\\nCape May Jesse D. Ludlam.\\nCumberland Isaac M. Smalley.\\nJohn B. Campbell.\\nEssex John H. Parsons.\\nJohn Gill.\\nLucius B. Hutchinson.\\nDavid Young.\\nJames N. Arbuckle.\\nJohn H. Murphy.\\nThomas O Connor.\\nWilliam Hill.\\nJohn L. Armitage.\\nWilliam Harrigan.\\nGloucester Job S. Haines.\\nHudson Peter F. Wanser.\\nJoseph T. Kelly.\\nThomas V. Cator.\\nEdwin O. Chapman.\\nFrank Cole.\\nJames C. Clarke.\\nDennis McLaughlin.\\nJohn M. Shannon.\\nMartin Steljes.\\nAugustus A. 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