{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1701", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "r T^ J.\\no\\n^^HtV\\nA.V\\nsV\\nA", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "v.\\nV S\\nA v S\\nA\\nv\\nD\\n*6 N\\nx\u00c2\u00b0^.\\ncf V\\no N\\nv\\nV\\nvV\\n.V\\nW", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1568", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "THE\\nCentral Railroad\\nOK\\nNew Jersey.\\nAN ILLUSTRATED GUIDE-BOOK (WITH ROAD-MAPS).\\nGUSTAV KOBBE.\\nGustav Kobb\u00c2\u00a3.\\n251 Broadway, New York.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "Copyright 1890, by Gustav KobpiL", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "PREFACE.\\nThis aims to be an accurate descriptive\\nguide-book to those parts of Central and\\nNorthern New Jersey that are reached by\\nthe main stem of the Central Railroad of\\nNew Jersey and its branches.\\nHistorical matter relating to these sec-\\ntions has been carefully collected, and the\\nmost striking incidents have been incorpo-\\nrated in the work in order that the book may\\nhave romantic as well as descriptive and sta-\\ntistical interest.\\nI shall esteem it a favor if any one who\\nmay discover any errors of commission or\\nomission will call my attention to them.\\nGUSTAV KOBBE.\\nShopt Hills,\\nEssex Co., N. J.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "TJie illustrations are from drawings by\\nMarie Olga Kobbe and F. A. Feraud from\\naquarelles by Hugh SmtjtJie direct from photo-\\ngraphs and from views of Lake Hopatcong\\nkindly furnished by the Hotel Breslin.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "m", "height": "2917", "width": "1729", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2917", "width": "1744", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION.\\n[The Author will esteem it a favor if his attention is called to\\nany errors of omission or commission.]\\nTopography and Geology. New Jersey lies on the\\neastern slope of the Appalachian region. The eastern\\nbase of this system is a plain sloping gently toward the\\nAtlantic, with an elevation along the base of the moun-\\ntains of from 200 to 600 feet in New Jersey. Those\\nportions of the State described in this book lie chiefly\\nwithin the limits of the Triassic Red Sandstone Plain\\nand the Azoic Central Highland Plateau. Remarkable\\nfeatures of the Red Sandstone Plain are its prominent\\nridges of trap-rock.\\nBergen Point is a ridge of trap, a continuation of the\\nPalisades of the Hudson. The Newark and New York\\nbranch of the Central Railroad of New Jersey cuts\\nthrough this ridge and, after crossing the Hackensack\\nand Passaic and traversing the tidal meadows, enters the\\nRed Sandstone Plain at Newark. The branch from\\nNewark to Elizabeth runs for the entire distance after\\nleaving the line of the Newark and New York branch to\\nElizabethport through the tidal meadows.\\nThe main stem follows the trap-rock ridge almost the\\nentire length of Bergen Point. Then, crossing Newark\\nl ay, it enters at Elizabethport the Red Sandstone Plain,\\nwhich it traverses to Lebanon, where it penetrates the\\nsouthwestern end of the Highlands to Phillipsburg on\\nthe Delaware, running from Westfield to Somerville\\nwithin full view of the Watchung Mountains of trap-\\nrock. From the vicinity of Pompton these two ridges\\nrun southwest and continue for 40 miles exactly par-\\nallel, with their crests one and one-half miles apart.\\nEach has a steep eastern slope and a long, gentle\\nwestern one, with remarkably level crests. The east-\\nern ridge is called First, the western Second Mountain,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "Vlll\\nand they have various local names. Between Summit\\nand Bound Brook the valley between the ridges pours\\nits drainage through three narrow gaps in First Moun-\\ntain Green Brook at Scotch Plains Stony Brook at\\nPlainfield and Middle Brook at Bound Brook. This\\nvalley is called Washington Valley. It is narrow at\\nSummit, but widens back of Bound Brook at Martins-\\nville. At Milburn there is a gap of two miles in First\\nMountain, which then rises to 546 feet, but southwest of\\nthis its crest keeps below 500 feet, though at Washing-\\nton Rock, back of Plainfield, it attains a height of 539\\nfeet. Second Mountain rises at Summit to 547 feet, and\\neighteen miles southwest to 653 feet.\\nAt Martinsville both ridges turn a right angle and run\\nback northwest toward the Highlands, which are only\\nsix miles beyond. First Mountain falls off at Plucka-\\nmin. Second Mountain continues north from this point\\nalmost to the Highlands, then curves back northeast.\\nJust at this point is the only pass through Second Moun-\\ntain, excepting the outlet of the valley, at Paterson,\\nwhich is lower than the pass at Summit. Were this pass\\n(Moggy Hollow) closed and a dam one and one-half miles\\nlong raised across the outlet at Totowa, near Paterson,\\na lake would be formed, between Second Mountain and\\nthe Highlands, of 300 square miles, 200 feet deep in the\\ndeeper parts and 385 feet above the sea. A series of\\ndistinct gravel terraces within this area, with elevations\\nclose to 400 feet, show that at some time in the glacial\\nepoch such a lake actually existed.\\nCushetunk Mountain near White House and Lebanon\\nis also a trap formation. It forms a horseshoe, sweeping\\nabout an ellipsoidal valley (Round Valley) which is\\ncompletely encircled by it and the gneiss hills at the\\nwest. Its maximum elevation is 767 feet. The length\\nof the semi-circular sweep of trap is about seven miles.\\nThe soil of the Red Sandstone Plain is remarkably\\nfertile, and this section is the most densely populated of\\nNew Jersey. The formation contains few organic\\nremains. Fossil fishes, footprints of what probably\\nwere air-breathing animals of the Reptilian age, and\\nplants evidently of a higher order than those belonging\\nto the Carboniferous age. have been discovered.\\nThe Red Sandstone Plain is of sedimentary origin,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "IX\\nand its entire area is believed to have been as high as the\\ntops of the trap ridges which now rise up so boldly out\\nof the plain. But it has been worn away, probably by\\nglacial erosion, to a depth of from 300 to 500 feet. The\\ntrap, which is of igneous origin, is supposed to have\\nbeen sandwiched between two layers of sandstone, the\\nupper of which gave the ridges a height nearly as great\\nagain as they now possess. When this upper layer had\\nbeen worn away, the hardness of the trap defeated the\\npower of the eroding agent, and the trap ridges remained\\nwhile the rest of the plain was worn away to the depths\\nmentioned above. The long line of Short Hills in Middle-\\nsex County which stretches between the two mountain\\ngaps at Scotch Plains and Plainfield seems to be composed\\nof the drift which the eroding agency forced through\\nthese notches. In the gap in First Mountain in Essex\\nCounty is another locality similarly formed, and, oddly\\nenough, similarly named.\\nThe southern iimitof the great sheetof ice which once\\ncovered New Jersey, in common with the rest of our\\ncontinent, down to latitude 40\u00c2\u00b0 30 has been defined in\\nthe reports of the Geological Survey of New Jersey,\\nand its terminal moraine clearly traced across the State.\\nIt is distinctly marked by a line of extremely irregular,\\nfantastically-arranged hills of gravel and boulders formed\\nof the material eroded by the glacier from the hills to\\nthe north and deposited here where the ice melted.\\nThis moraine begins at Perth Amboy and runs thence\\nthrough Metuchen, east of Plainfield, where the Nether-\\nwood Hotel is built upon it, to the base of the First\\nMountain north of Scotch Plains. Thence the mantle of\\ngravel is wrapped about the slope and over the north end\\nof Springfield or Roll s Hill and filling completely the\\nvalley west, crosses Second Mountain and lies up against\\nthe north end of Long Hill, at Chatham. From here to\\nMorristown it fills the valley of the Passaic with a broad\\nridge of gravel thence it skirts around the base of the\\nHighlands and up through the valley of the Rockaway\\nto Dover. From here the line is quite direct by Budd s\\nLake, Hackettstown and Townsbury, to Belvidere.\\nTo the north of this the ice sheet was thick enough\\nto overtop all of the mountains of northern New Jersey\\nand most of those of New York. Its movement was", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "generally toward the south, and when we recall that a\\nthickness of 2,000 feet would mean a pressure at the\\nbase of sixty tons per square foot, and that often boul-\\nders were imbedded in the base of the ice and moved\\nforward with irresistible force, it may bring some con-\\nception of the enormous eroding action of the glacier.\\nIt denuded the ridges of all disintegrated rocks, scoop-\\ning out transverse depressions where the rock was soft,\\nand leaving often hard, bare summits and irregular,\\njagged ridge lines in place of the well-soiled, gracefully-\\nundulating ridges to the south of the moraine. It de-\\nposited in the valleys great masses of gravel and mud.\\nwhich have been in some cases assorted and worked\\ndown into level terraces by water, but again left in all\\nthe fantastic disorder of their original deposition, in\\ncrooked ridges enclosing bowl-like depressions with no\\noutlets, or hills carrying similar depressions in their\\nvery tops, like small volcanoes with their craters, and in\\nevery conceivable topographically-monstrous arrange-\\nment. Often these deposits have closed the outlet of\\na valley, holding back the water in beautiful lakes and\\nponds, the water having been forced back over the orig-\\ninal divide of the valley into another drainage system.\\nWhen the drift dam has not been high enough fur this,\\nit has been cut away again by the water overtopping it.\\nRemains of such dams may be found, with gravel ter-\\nraces on the slopes of the valley above to mark the\\nshores of the ancient lakes. The above accounts for\\nthe existence of most of the beautiful lakes of the north-\\nern counties, and also for the swamps and sink-holes\\nwhich are merely shallow lake basins which have become\\nfilled with mud or vegetable matter. The drift dam\\nwhich has formed Budd s lake is very evident, as is the\\none at Green Pond. The slopes of the hills of this\\nregion have usually been left covered with boulders, the\\nfiner material having been carried down into the valleys\\nby water, and the whole aspect of the country has been\\nchanged.\\nThe branch which the Central Railroad of New Jersey\\nsends north from High Bridge penetrates into the very\\nheart of the Highlands. Their surface varies from 175\\nfeet to 1,200 feet above the sea level. The chief moun-\\ntain-ranges in point of size are Schooley s and Green", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "XI\\nPond. Magnetic iron ore is found in abundance through-\\nout this region. Of the deposits west of the Green Pond\\nMountain those of the Hurd and Ford Mines are the\\nmost important.\\nThese ores occur in the Azoic rocks which underlie by-\\nfar the greatest portion of this territory. They are not\\nveins, but are of sedimentary origin. It is supposed that\\nproto-salts of iron were leached out of the rocks by water\\nand carried by it to some pond hole, there forming\\nmetallic films which would successively sink of their own\\nweight, forming an ever-thickening layer of iron rust at\\nthe bottom of the pond hole. Afterward, through some\\naction of nature, such as subsidence or elevation of the\\nsurrounding country, an influx of mud and sand cov-\\nered the rust, forcing the greater part of the water off\\nand solidifying the layer. Limonite in this form occurs\\nat Beattystown. Further agencies converted this lim-\\nonite into magnetic iron ore, and through convulsions of\\nnature what once formed the bottoms of lakes may have\\nbecome hills or mountains.\\nAnother geological period represented by the rocks of\\nthe Highlands is the Lower Silurian, which includes the\\ndeposit of Potsdam sandstone near Flanders, where it\\noccurs in the form of a fine white sand, which, being\\nvery refractory, is extensively used as a lining for fur-\\nnaces. To this period also belongs the magnesian lime-\\nstone, the largest deposit of which is found in German\\nValley. It is about nine miles long by one-half mile\\nwide, extending from a mile northeast of Naughright\\nto a mile southwest of Califon, and is much worked for\\nlime for farming purposes and for use in the blast fur-\\nnaces at Chester and Boonton. There is then a break\\nin the geological succession, the next period represented\\nbeing the Triassic, or new Red Sandstone.\\nThis portion of the Highlands, which is known as the\\nCentral Highland Plateau, has a width of from five to\\nseven miles from the New York line to Lake Hopatcong\\nand Budd s Lake, but tapers down irregularly to a ridge\\ntwo miles wide near the Delaware. The Central Railroad\\nattains at t^e Ogden Mines the highest elevation\\nreached by any railroad in the State 1,240 feet. Just\\nnorth of Ford and Scofield Mines the plateau is 1,396\\nfeet high, the maximum for this section of the State.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "Xll\\nLake Hopatcong, with a surface-elevation of 926 feet,\\nlies right in the middle of the plateau.\\nAt the south end of Lake Hopatcong is an important\\npass, at the same elevation as the surface of the lake\\nand it is worthy of note that, while the natural outlet\\nof the lake is westward by the Musconetcong, the dam\\nerected across this outlet by the Morris Canal Co.\\nwould have sent its water coursing eastward into the\\nRaritan water-shed, had not a small side dam been\\nraised at the extreme south end of the lake. Southwest\\nof this pass is Schooley s, and beyond this Musconetcong\\nMountain. In popular parlance, however, Lake Hopat-\\ncong is located on Schooley s Mountain, the name being\\nextended so as to cover the plateau northeast of the pass.\\nNatural History. The Minerals of chief impor-\\ntance in the territory covered by this book are the Magnetic\\nIron Ores along the route of the Ogden Mine Railroad (a\\npart of the High Bridge branch of the Central Railroad\\nof New Jersey), at High Bridge, Chester and Port Oram\\nLiraonite at Califon, Limestone at Vernoy, Granite at\\nGerman Valley, and Copper Ores near Somerville.\\nThe Fauna is that of the Middle States; but special\\nmention may be made of the black bass, Oswego bass,\\npickerel and perch in some of the lakes, and the trout\\nin some of the stream*; and of the game birds. These\\nare, however, mentioned in the body of the book. The\\ntypical mountain butterfly, Limin Arthemis, is found\\nin the Highlands, and Satiris Nephele replaces Satiris\\nAlope of the low lands.\\nThe Flora of this region is in general similar to that\\nof the country adjacent to New York. The bous about\\nBudd s Lake and Succasunna contain some plants that\\nare not known elsewhere in the State; for instance,\\nPotent ilia palustris, Satis my rt Mo ides, Rhododendron\\nCanadense. The aquatic flora of the larger bodies of\\nwater, Hopatcong and Green Pond, and, in a lesser de-\\ngree, Budd s Lake, is extremely interesting and has been\\ncarefully explored by botanists. The higher mountain\\nsummits are inhabited by plants of a more northerly\\nrange, a great many interesting species being found\\nthere that do not occur on the low lands; among these\\nbeing Potentilla arguta, Clematis verticillaris, Coplis\\ntri folia, GiHmia trifoliata and Genru rivale.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "Xlll\\nThe forests of the region are abundant, and much\\nland that cannot be used for farming purposes is de-\\nvoted to woodland. Birch, oak, maple and hickory are\\nfound in abundance and there are a few groves of white\\npine, which, however, is not so often seen as further\\nsouth on the coast.\\nClimate. Summer in the Highlands is not marked\\nby so great extremes of heat, and hence the weather is\\nmuch more endurable than in the cities. The attractive-\\nness of Schooley s Mountain, Lake Hopatcong, Budd s\\nLake, Chester and other Highland resorts is no doubt\\nowing to the absence of excessively high temperature in\\nmidsummer or more especially, perhaps, to the more\\nmarkedly lower night temperature. On the Red Sand-\\nstone Plain, where the thermometric record may show\\nbut little difference between the temperature of the city\\nand country, there is no doubt that the more open situa-\\ntion of the latter, which allows a free circulation of air,\\nis an advantage which offsets mere temperature.\\nHistory. August 16, 1009, Henry Hudson entered\\nDelaware Bay. Finding the navigation difficult on ac-\\ncount of shoal water, he changed his course, and, follow-\\ning the eastern shore of New Jersey, anchored his ship\\n(the Half Moon) in Sandy Hook Bay September 8, 160SJ.\\nSeptember 11th he sailed through the Narrows and dis-\\ncovered the river which bears his name. October 4 he\\nagain set sail for Europe. Hudson was in the employ of\\nthe Dutch East India Company, which in 1610 despatched\\na vessel to the scene of his discoveries and established a\\nfort and trading-house on Manhattan Island, which was\\ncalled New Amsterdam.\\nIt appears that as early as 1614 a redoubt was thrown\\nup on the right bank of the Hudson, probably at the\\npresent Jersey City point and, in 1618, Bergen is be-\\nlieved to have been settled by a number of Danes or Nor-\\nwegians who accompanied the Dutch colonists to New\\nNetherlands.\\nIn 1664, Charles II of England resolved upon the re-\\nduction of New Netherlands, and despatched a fleet\\nunder Sir Robert Carr and Colonel Richard Nichols, to\\nwhom the Dutch Governor, Stuyvesant, was forced to\\nsurrender. Meanwhile King Charles had made an ex-\\ntensive grant of colonial territory to his brother, the", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "XIV\\nDuke of York, who in turn conveyed to Lord Berkeley\\nand Sir George Carteret that portion of the grant which\\nis now the State of New Jersey. This name being given\\nto the new province in honor of Carteret, who had held\\nthe Island of Jersey for the King during his contest with\\nParliament.\\nThese two Proprietors appointed Philip Carteret Gov-\\nernor of New Jersey. He came over in 1665 and made\\nElizabethtown the seat of government. Some disputes\\nbroke out between him and prior settlers, who, having\\npurchased their land direct from the Indians, refused to\\nrecognize the right of the Proprietors to collect rent, the\\ntroubles culminating in 1672 in an insurrection. Car-\\nteret was obliged to seek redress in England, and, dur-\\ning his absence, his officers were imprisoned, their es-\\ntates confiscated and James Carteret, a dissolute natural\\nson of the Governor, prevailed upon to usurp the gov-\\nernment.\\nJuly 30, 1673, war having broken out between England\\nand Holland, a Dutch squadron appeared before New\\nYork, and, in the absence of Governor Lovelace, the\\nplace surrendered. But the following spring, by treaty\\nof peace, New York and New Jersey came again under\\nEnglish dominion, and Major Edmund Andross was\\nsent over as Governor of New York by the Duke of York.\\nAs the Governor sought to extend his authority also over\\nNew Jersey, the people, on Governor Carteret s return\\nin 1675, made common cause with him against Andross.\\nEarly in 1673, Lord Berkeley, having become dissatis-\\nfied with the financial returns from his venture in\\ncolonial lands, sold his interests in New Jersey to two\\nQuakers, John Fenwick and Edwin Billynge, and the\\nprovince was, in 1676, divided into East and West\\nJersey, the division line running from the east side of\\nLittle Egg Harbor straight north to the Delaware.\\nSir George Carteret died in 1679, and soon afterwards\\nEast Jersey was sold to pay his debts to a syndicate\\nof twelve. Philip Carteret continued Governor until\\nabout 1681. Difficulties between the Proprietors and\\nthose who claimed under direct purchase from the Indians\\nwere continuous, both in East and West Jersey, and in\\n1702 the Proprietors grew so weary of the incessant\\nstrife, that they surrendered their rights to the Crown.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "XV\\nQueen Anne immediately reunited the Jerseys, and\\nappointed her kinsman, Edward Hyde, Lord Cornbury,\\nGovernor of both New York and New Jersey. The\\nprovince was governed from New York until 1738, when\\na commission arrived to Lewis Morris as Governor of\\nNew Jersey separate from New York. The last of the\\nRoyal Governors was William Franklin, a natural son of\\nBenjamin Franklin. Events in the Revolution which\\ntook place within the limits of the territory covered by\\nthis work are related in their proper places in the body\\nof the book.\\nIndian History. The aborigines whom the white\\nsettlers found in New Jersey were a portion of the Dela-\\nware Nation. They were so called by the whites, but\\nwere known among themselves as the Lenni Lenape\\nNation, and were divided into Unamis or Turtles, Una-\\nlachtos or Turkeys, and Minsi or Wolfs the fiercest of\\nthe tribes. These last dwelt in Northern New Jersey.\\nThese tribes were in turn subdivided into families,\\namong them the Navesinks, Assanpinks. Matas, Shacka-\\nmaxons, Chichequaas (Cheesequakes), Raritans, Nanti-\\ncokes, Tutelos and Nariticongs.\\nThere were two Indian paths from the interior to the\\ncoast which in the early days were used by the whites us\\nhighways the Minnisink and Burlington paths. The\\nformer, starting at Minnisink, on the upper Delaware,\\npassed through Sussex, Morris, Union and Middlesex\\nCounties, crossed the Raritan by a ford about three miles\\nabove its mouth, and ran through the village of Middle-\\ntown to Clay Pit Creek on the Navesink, and thence to\\nthe mouth of that river. The Burlington path started\\nfrom Crosswicks, at a junction of two paths, respectively\\nfrom Trenton and Burlington; ran to Freehold, whose\\nmain street is on the old path, and thence toward\\nMiddletown, near which place it joined the Minnisink\\npath. A branch from below Freehold led through Tin-\\nton Falls to Long Branch. Tne only Indian settlements\\nwhose sites have been identified are that at Crosswicks,\\none not far from the Navesink ford on the Raritan, and\\none at Lake Hopfitcong. The aborigines in the State of\\nNew Jersey did not at any time after the white discovery\\nnumber over 2,000.\\nThe government of the province always recognized the", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "XVI\\ntitle of the Indians to the lands, and always insisted on\\na fair purchase of lands from them. For this reason\\nthe white settlers never had trouble with the aborigines.\\nIn 1758, most of the Indians naving sold their land\\nagreed to the extinguishment of most of their titles, ex-\\ncept the right to fish in all the rivers and bays south of\\nthe Raritan, and to hunt on all uninclosed lands. In\\n1802 they removed to New Stockbridge, near Oneida\\nLake, N. Y. In 1832 the remnant of the Lenni Lenapes,\\nforty in number, were settled at Statesburgh, on Fox\\nRiver, Wis. Believing that they had never parted with\\nthe right to fish and hunt secured to them in 1758, they\\ndeputed one of their number, Wilted Grass, known\\namong the whites as Bartholomew S. Calvin, who had\\nserved with credit under Washington, to lay their claim\\nbefore the New Jersey Legislature. This he did in a\\nmemorial, couched in language simple and pathetic, be-\\nginning: I am old and weak and poor, and therefore a\\nfit representative of my people. You are young and\\nstrong and rich, and therefore fit representatives of your\\npeople. The Legislature voted $2,000, the sum asked\\nfor. Wilted Grass addressed a letter of thanks to the\\nLegislature in which the following noteworthy passage\\noccurred\\nNot a drop of our blood have you spilled in battle;\\nnot an acre of our land have you taken but by our con-\\nsent. These facts speak for themselves and need no\\ncomment. They place the character of New Jersey in\\nbold relief and bright example to those States within\\nwhose territorial limits our brethren still remain. No-\\nthing but benisons can fall upon her from the lips of a\\nLenni Lenape.*\\nTransportation. It may be said that thousands of\\nthe best citizens of New York are not citizens of that\\ncity at all. In the morning they flood the business dis-\\ntricts of the metropolis; in the evening they ebb away.\\nThey are citizens of New York, in so far as the city owes\\nto their brains and energy a great share of its prosperity\\nthey are not citizens, in that they live and vote elsewhere.\\nIf this great suburban army of intelligent men lived as\\nwell as worked in New York, we would probably hear less\\nof the necessity of municipal reform, for there would be\\njust so much more intelligence among the voting popu-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "Hi O\\nF-i\\nO\\nO\\n3\\na 2", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "XVII\\nlatiou which brings us back to our starting point: that\\nof New York s best citizens thousands are, unfortunately\\nfor it, citizens of New Jersey, Long Island and other\\nsuburban districts.\\nAmong the most intelligent and progressive of these\\nnon-citizen citizens are those who reach the city by the\\nCentral Railroad of New Jersey doubtless because of the\\ncharming and healthful surroundings amid which they\\nhave chosen their homes, and also because they are con-\\nveyed to and from their places of business by a railroad\\nwhich combines the greatest speed consistent with safety\\nwith the greatest comfort.\\nThe New York station of the Central Railroad of New\\nJersey is at the foot of Liberty street. The ferry to Jer-\\nsey City, known as the Communipaw Perry, was the\\nfirst legally established ferry between Manhattan Island\\nand the Jersey shore. It was erected at the foot of Com-\\nmunipaw avenue in 1661, William Jansen being licensed\\nto take charge of it. Junsen at once endeavored to es-\\ntablish a monopoly, claiming that under his license every\\none was obliged to cross in his boat. On the other hand,\\nthe people claimed that he had violated his license by\\nrefusing to ferry certain parties. Jansen s answer was\\nthat he had never refused to ferry those who would pay.\\nThe Governor and Council neatly solved the problem by\\ndeciding against both parties ordering the Sheriff to\\nassist Jansen in getting his pay, and threatening Jansen\\nwith dismissal if he refused to ferry anyone who was\\nwilling to pay. The ferry was to be in operation Mon-\\ndays, Wednesdays and Fridays, but for an extra com-\\npensation, four guilders in wampum, Jansen was\\nobliged to ferry any person at any time. For more than\\na century thereafter there is no record concerning the\\nferry, but it probably continued to be patronized. At\\nthe close of the Revolution, in 1783, Aaron Longstreet\\nCo. advertised that the ferry would, at 3 P. m., convey\\npassengers to Communipaw for the stage for Newark,\\nwhence they could proceed by the Excellent New York\\nand Philadelphia Running Machines to Philadelphia\\nin one day. When, however, the enemy evacuated Pau-\\nlus Hook, the line of travel swerved that way. and the\\nCommunipaw Perry, falling into disuse, was not revived\\nuntil the Central Railroad of New Jersey was extended", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "XV111\\nfrom Elizabethport to Jersey City, the old flat-boat ferry\\nbeing suddenly rehabilitated in all the improvements of\\na century of progress. The act authorizing the exten-\\nsion was passed in 1860, and the railroad was opened for\\ntravel August 1, 1864.\\nThe ferry being the most southerly of those crossing\\nto the New Jersey shore, a finer view of New York Harbor\\nis had than from the boats of any other of the Jersey\\nrailroads.\\nAt the Jersey City terminus is a depot of the best\\nmodern construction. Its high clock-tower and gables\\nare conspicuous features of the river front. Arched\\ncorridors lead from the ferry-house to the waiting-\\nrooms. The general effect of this room and its access-\\nories is spacious, yet graceful. It is 60 feet from the\\ntiled floor to the apex of the roof, held by ornamental\\nrafters of iron. A sky-light and the windows provide\\nperfect light and ventilation. The walls are of buff\\nglazed imported brick; the tiling of the floor is marble.\\nThe building is lighted by electricity. A stair-case and\\ngallery lead to the offices on the second floor.\\nOn the further right hand corner of the waiting-room\\n(entering from the ferry), is a luxuriously furnished\\nladies parlor, while on the same side, but near the\\nentrance from the ferry, is a smoking-room. Among\\nthe accessories is an excellent restaurant.\\nThe train-shed boasts one of the finest sky-lights in the\\ncountry. Some idea of the size of the shed may be\\ngained from the statement that there are twelve tracks\\nwhich will hold fifteen cars each, or 180 cars might start\\nat once and carry away 12,600 people, seated, and another\\n2,000 might occupy the aisles and platforms; 190 trains\\narrive at and depart from the station every twenty-four\\nhours, and if each one had the full number of cars that\\nmight stand under the roof of the car-shed there would\\nbe 2,850 cars come and go everyday, capable of seating\\n199,500 passengers every twenty-four hours.\\nFrom this station straightaway an important branch\\nruns to Newark. It traverses Bergen Neck through a\\ncut, with stations at some of the most pleasant resi-\\ndential districts of Jersey City, crosses the Hackensack\\nand Passaic and then enters Newark with stations at\\nEast Perry and Ferry streets (in the heart of the maim-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "XIX\\nfactoring district) and at Broad street, the last being the\\nmost central of any railroad station in Newark. From\\nNewark a branch runs to Elizabethport, Elizabeth and\\nRoselle, connecting at the first-named for the Jersey\\ncoast and Pine resorts and Freehold, and at the second\\nfor places on the main line and its connections. The\\ntrains for the track of the New Jersey Jockey Club\\nrun part of the distance over the Newark branch\\nand the balance over the Newark and Elizabeth\\nbranch.\\nThe main line follows the shore of Bergen Neck and\\ncrosses Newark Bay to Elizabethport, where connection\\nis made for Perth Amboy and intermediate stops, for all\\npoints on the New York and Long Branch Railroad (the\\nfamous resorts of the Jersey coast and the race-course at\\nMonmouth Park); on the Freehold and New York Rail-\\nroad, and on the Jersey Southern Railroad (Lakewood\\nand Atlantic City).\\nFrom Elizabeth the main stem proceeds through a\\nseries of beautiful and thriving suburban villages and\\ntowns (lvoselle, Cranford, Westfield, Fanwood, Nether-\\nwood, Dunellen) and the city of Plainfield to Bound\\nBrook. To this point the road is four-tracked to accom-\\nmodate the Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington\\nexpress trains run by the Central Railroad of New\\nJersey in connection with the Philadelphia and Reading\\nand the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads, and also the\\ntrains of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, which come in\\nnear Roselle. Bound Brook is the junction-point for the\\nPhiladelphia, Baltimore and Washington trains. Two\\nstations beyond is Somerville, the terminus of the sub-\\nurban system and the junction for the South Branch\\nRailroad, which runs to Flemington. From Somerville\\nthe main stem continues through the flourishing manu-\\nfacturing settlement of Raritan and a number of small\\nvillages to Phillipsburg, sending at High Bridge a\\nbranch to Schooley s Mountain, Budd s Lake, Lake\\nHopatcong and a line of rich mines in the Jersey High-\\nlands. Then, having crossed the Delaware, the railroad\\nreaches the rich coal and iron fields of Pennsylvania via\\nBaston, Bethlehem and Allentown to Scranton.\\nChurches Methodist- Episcopal. There are one or\\nmore Methodist-Episcopal Churches or congregations in", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "every place along the route of the main stem of the Cen-\\ntral Railroad of New Jersey and its branches.\\nProtestant-Episcopal. Bayonne, Bergen Point, Bound\\nBrook, Cranford, Dover, Dunellen, Elizabeth, Fleming-\\nton, Greenville, Newark, Phillipsburg, Plainfield, Ro-\\nselle, Somerville.\\nPresbyterian. Bayonne, Bloomsbury, Bound Brook,\\nChester, Cranford, Dover, Dunellen, Elizabeth, Flem-\\nington, German Valley, Lafayette, Newark, Phillips-\\nburg, Plainfield, Rockaway, Roselle, Schooley s Moun-\\ntain, Westfield.\\nCongregational. Bound Brook, Chester, Elizabeth,\\nNewark, Plainfield, Westfield.\\nBaptist. Bayonne, Cranford, Drakesville, Elizabeth,\\nFlemington, Lafayette, Newark, Plainfield. Westfield.\\nReformed. Annandale, Bayonne, Bergen Point,\\nBound Brook, Greenville, High Bridge, Lafayette, Leb-\\nanon, Minnisink, Newark, North Branch, Plainfield,\\nRaritan, Rockaway, Somerville.\\nLutheran. German Valley, Glen Gardner, Newark,\\nPhillipsburg.\\nUnited Presbyterian. Bloomington, Newark.\\nTJjiiversalist. Newark.\\nSeventh-Day Baptist. Dunellen.\\nRoman Catholic. Annandale, Bergen Point, Blooms-\\nbury, Bound Brook, Chester, Cranford, Dover, Dun-\\nellen, Elizabeth, Flemington, High Bridge, Hurd Junc-\\ntion, Lake Hopatcong, Lebanon, Newark, Neshanic,\\nNorth Branch, Plainfield, Phillipsburg, Raritan, Rock-\\naway, Scofield Mine, Somerville, Westfield, White House.\\nAmusements and Sport. In nearly all the places in\\nthe suburban system of the Central Railroad of New\\nJersey are tennis, base-ball, bowling, bicycling and ath-\\nletic clubs. Among these the New Jersey Athletic Club,\\nwith grounds at Bergen Point, is known far beyond the\\nlimits of its location and even of the State and the\\nCresents, of Plainfield, stand high among base-ball clubs.\\nThe Argonautas, of Bergen Point, and the Tritons,\\nof Newark, enjoy more than local reputation among\\nrowing associations. The lay of the land throughout\\nthe whole suburban system is highly favorable to bicyc-\\nling and to driving and riding. The roads are level\\nand hard and kept in admirable repair. Special rates", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "XXI\\nof carriage hire wiU be found under various places de-\\nscribed below. The general rate is from $1.00 per hour\\nfor single, and from $2.00 per hour for double teams.\\nThe principal summer sport is fishing. The black bass\\nof Lake Hopatcong are famous for size and gameness.\\nThe same species can be caught at Branch Mills, easily\\nreached from Elizabeth, Roselle, Cranford, Westfield\\nand Fanwood; in the pond at New Market, not far from\\nNetherwood, Plainfield and Dunellen; in the Raritan,\\nnear Bound Brook, Somerville and Raritan; and at\\nBudd s Lake, Morris Pond and Green Pond. Fine\\ntrout are caught in the North Branch of the Rari-\\ntan, especially at Naughright, and a good trout stream\\ncomes down the mountain at Flanders. With stocking\\nand careful enforcement of the game laws, all the brooks\\non Schooley s Mountain could again become what they\\nonce were noted trout streams. Pickerel of course\\nabound in all the lakes, those of Green Pond being es-\\npecially noted for their size.\\nQuails, partridges and woodcock abound through the\\nmountains. Woodport and Budd s Lake are sporting\\nheadquarters in season. In the early fall many fresh-\\nwater ducks congregate at Budd s Lake. There is ex-\\ncellent shooting for plover and doves at Bound Brook.\\nGuides with dogs can be hired for from $1.50 a day up-\\nwards.\\nIndustries. Jersey City. Terminal point. Loca-\\ntion of docks for shipments of heavy freight in car lots\\nPig Iron. Anthracite Coal, Bituminous Coal, etc., etc.\\nPort Liberty. An adjunct to Jersey City. Shipping\\nport for Anthracite and Bituminous Coal. Jersey City,\\nHenderson Street. Local delivery and shipping point\\nfor Jersey City proper. Sugar Refinery.\\nNewark Branch: Lafayette. Zinc Works. Radiator\\nWorks. Stoves and Furnaces. Green-house Plant. West\\nBergen. Steel Works. Chemical Works. Fire-works\\nManufactory. Horticultural Builders. Newark. Brass\\nGoods. Fourteen Breweries. Brewers Supplies. Brick.\\nCarriages and Carriage Ornaments. Acids. Corsets.\\nCurled Hair. Pins. Thirteen Leather Manufactories.\\nFour Paper Box Manufactories. Cement. Celluloid\\nGoods. Harness Trimmings. Bottles. Oil. Filterers.\\nSteel and Iron. Varnish. Zinc Oxide. Wagon Springs.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "XX11\\nCorliss Engines and Machinery. Three large Fertilizer\\nand Bone Black Mann factories. Barrels. Furniture.\\nBic cles. Binder Boards. Blue Stone Works. Boilers.\\nBoots and Shoes. Manufacturers Supplies. Wooden\\nBoxes. Printing Presses. Sash and Blinds. Thread.\\nTinware. Tobacco. Tools. Water Motors. Hard-\\nware. Cigars. Maccaroni.\\nMain Stem Claremont. Oil Refinery. National\\nStorage Co. Pamrapo. Stove Foundry. Centre\\nvide. Paint Works. Silk Mills. Constable Hook\\n(reached by spur from Centreville). Immense Oil\\nRefineries. Chemical Works. Copper Works. Port\\nJohnson (reached by spur from Bergen Point).\\nShipping port for Anthracite Coal. ElizdbethporL\\nCopper Works. Chemical Works. Fertilizer Works.\\nOil Works. Machinery and Castings. Stoves. Cord-\\nage. Rope and Binders Twine. Building Paper. Build-\\ning Felt. Furnaces. Machinery. Shafting and Pul-\\nleys. Singer Sewing Machine Co. Oil Cloth. Street\\nCar Motors. Shear Works. Elizabeth. Oil. Grease.\\nrockery. Rubber Goods. Sash, Blinds and Doors.\\nHats. Canned Goods. Two Breweries. Cranford.\\nFolding Mats. Fanivood. Furs. Binder Boards.\\nPlainfield. Location of the Pond Machine Tool Co.,\\nManufacturers of Railroad Tools. Two Printing Press\\nManufactories. Carpets. Oil Cloth and Clothing.\\nFlour. Prepared Flour. Dufiellen. Clothing. Bound\\nBrook. Woolen Mills. Lubricating Oil. Hose. Paint.\\nCompressed Air Pumps. Car Heating Apparatus. Fin-\\nderne. Horses. Somerville. Building Brick. Clothing.\\nPacked Pork. Rariian. Raritan Woolen Mills. Cloth\\nMills. Foundry Forges and Machinery. Agricultural\\nImplements. North Branch. Milk. Live Stock. Ag-\\nricultural Products. White House. Peach Baskets.\\nMilk. Live Stock. Agricultural Products. Lebanon.\\nMilk. Live Stock. Agricultural Products. Annan-\\ndale. Milk. Livestock. Agricultural Products. High\\nBridge. Milk. Live Stock. Agricultural Products.\\nIron Ore. Car Wheels, and Axles and Forgings. Glen\\nGardner. Parchment Paper. New Hampton Junction.\\nAgricultural Products. New Hampton. Agricultural\\nProducts. Asbury. Agricultural Products. Flour and\\nFeed. Valley. Agricultural Products. Iron Orc f", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "XXII 1\\nSpringtown. Agricultural Products. Flour and Feed.\\nPhittipaburg. Cast Iron Pipe. Clay and Pulp. Pig\\nIron, Stoves, Sheet Iron, Bar Iron, etc. Stand Pipe.\\nThe agricultural district extends from Raritan to\\nSpringtown, inclusive. Daily shipments of milk, par-\\nticularly, are very large, and during the peach season\\nshipments of this fruit are also very heavy.\\nSouth Branch (Somerville to Flemmgton). Milk and\\nAgricultural Products.\\nHigh Bridge Branch Califon. Granite. Lime.\\nPeaches. Vernoy. Lime. Middle Valley. Cream-\\neries. German Valley. Granite. Lime. Chester.\\nIron Works. Peaches. Hacklebamey Iron Works.\\nBartley. Turbine Wheels. Creameries. Flanders.\\nFire Sand. Gary s. Fire Sand. Kenvil. Dynamite.\\nLake Hopatcong. Ice. Ogden Jline Railroad.\\nIron Ore. Port Oram. Iron Ore. Silk Mill. Dover.\\nMining Machinery. Silk Mills. Iiockaway. Iron\\nFoundry. Rock Crushers. Knitting Mills.\\nHotels. Key Italics mean that, in the author s\\nopinion, the hotel is first-class; ordinary type means\\nthat it is second-class; a dagger (f) means that the hotel\\nis very good of its class. The rates quoted are per day.\\nAnnandale: Annandale Hotel, $1.50. Asbury: Amer-\\nican House, $1.50. Bayonne: Bayonne Hotel, $1.50;\\nRiverside Hotel, $1.50. Bergen Point: La Tourette\\nHouse, $2.00-$3. 00. Bloomsbury: Bloomsbury Hotel,\\n$1.50. Bound Brook: Fisher s IIotel,f $1.50; Hotel\\nGaddis, $2.00. Budd s Lake: Forest House, $2.50-\\n$3.00. Califon: Union House, $1.50. Chester: Ches-\\nter Hotel, $1.50. Clinton (near Annandale): Union\\nHotel, $2.00. Cranford: Cranford Hotel, $1.50.\\nDenmark Lake: Merritt Park House, f $2.00-$2.50.\\nDover: Jolley s Hotel,f $2.00 (a noted old-fashioned\\nhostelry); Park House. $2.00; Mansion House, $1.50.\\nDrakesville Drakesville Hotel, $1.50. Dunellen Tay-\\nlor s Hotel, $1.50. Elizabeth: Sheridan House, $2.00.\\nFlanders: Flanders Hotel, $2.00. Flemington: County\\nHotel, $2.00; Union Hotel, $2.00. German Valley:\\nGerman Valley Hotel, $1.75. Glen Gardner: Glen\\nGardner Hotel, $2.00. High Bridge: American, $1.00.\\nLake Hopatcong: Hotel Breslin,\\\\ $4.00-$5.00; Lake\\nView House, $2.00 per day, $12.00-$14.00 per week;", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "XXIV\\nAmerican House, $2.00 per day, $12.00-$14. 00 per week:\\nNolan s Point Villa,f $2.00 per day, $12.00-$14.00\\nper week (within 1 minute of Lake Hopatcong Sta-\\ntion). Minnisink: (See Lake Hopatcong). Netherwood:\\nHotel Netherwood. Newark: Continental, $2.00-$3.00;\\nPark Hotel, $2.00-3.00. North Branch: North Branch\\nHotel, $1.50. Pamrapo: Bayswater. $1.50-$2.00. Phil-\\nlipsburg: Central Hotel, $1.50-$2. 00; Columbia House,\\n$1.50. Platnfield: City Hotel, $2.00; Force s Hotel,\\n$2.00: Laing s Hotel, $2.00. Port Oram: Port Oram\\nHotel, $1.00. Raritan: Raritan Hotel, $2.00. Rock-\\naway: Rockaway Hotel, $2.00; Central House, $1.00.\\nRoselle: Van Court (building to be ready March,\\n1890). Schooley s Mountain: Heath House, f $2.50;\\nDorincourt,f $3.00-$4.00. Somerville: County House,\\n$2.00; Ten Eyck House, $2.00; Commercial, $2.00.\\nValley: West Portal, $1.00. Westfield: Westfield\\nHouse, $2.00.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "X\\nEft\\n01 J\\n7.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "OZEDHXTTZR-^-Hl.\\nooiLvsip^/Lxrsr o E^ -lntie^w cnz]:Rj=$:Ersr.\\nCOMMUTATION RAXES.\\nNEW VOUK\\n1st\\nMo.\\n2d\\nMo.\\nB\\nI omniunipaw\\nLafayette I\\nArlington Ave\\nJackson Ave.\\nWest Bergen.\\nNewark\\nClaiiinoiit\\nQreenvllle\\nPamrapo\\nBayoune\\nCentrevllle\\nBergen Point\\nEllzabethport\\nElizabeth.\\nEl Mora\\nRosalie\\nCranford\\nWestneld\\nFanwood\\nNetberwood\\nI lainfield\\nGrant Ave...\\nKvona\\nDunellen\\nBound Brook\\nFlnderne\\ngomervllle\\nRloefleld\\nFlagtown\\nNeenanlo\\nWoodfern\\nThree Bridges\\nFlemlngton..\\nRarltan\\nNorth Branch\\nWhile House\\nLebanon\\nAnnandale\\nHigh Bridge...\\nGlen Gardner.\\nJunction\\nAsbury\\nValley\\nBloomsbury\\nSpringtown\\nPhilllpsburg..\\nEaaton\\n6 00\\n6 00\\n800\\n(i 00\\nill 2!\\nis nil\\ntit se\\n0 sc\\n21 00\\n22 mi\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2i-i ho\\n8d\\nMo.\\n4th\\nMo.\\n$5 35 $4 HI\\nMb\\nMo.\\nmil\\nHo.\\nrth\\nMo.\\nLong\\nTerm Pay\\nin hi\\nTKIP TICKETS.\\nSCHOOL RAXES.\\n12\\nMoa\\nHIGH BRIDGE BRANCH.\\nSI.Rle Fare.\\n69 (17\\nOS IKI\\n66 \u00c2\u00abi\\n71 84\\n68 00\\n71 00\\n68 00\\nt (in 1\\n68 00\\n00\\n68 i\\n71 mi\\n57 34\\n62 00\\n62 67\\n68 00\\nlis in\\n74 00\\n72 61\\n79 84\\n72 c\\n79 84\\n78 8\\n80 in\\n77 8\\nHI 67\\n77 8\\nsi i,;\\n68 11\\n68 84\\nen 00\\n68 84\\n68 6\\ni,i. 6\\n73 84\\n70 (17\\nB0 iki\\nSI I (\u00c2\u00abl\\nso 00\\nSll mi\\n68 61\\nHO (Kl\\n07\\nSti (17\\nsn m\\n98 84\\n98 84\\nCaUfon\\nVernoy\\nMiddle Valley\\nQerman Valley (Sobooley i\\nMountain)\\nNaugbrlght\\nPlandera (.Budd 8 Lake)\\nCan s\\nDrakesvllle\\nKenvil\\nHopatoong Junction\\nPort dram\\nDover\\nRookaw i\\\\\\nMorns Co. Junction,\\nMinnisink\\nLake Bopatcong\\nHurd\\nWeldon\\nPord\\nOgdeo\\nCliester\\nChester Furnace\\n$1 GO\\n1 69\\n1 7H\\nl 78\\ni so\\nl 86\\n1 .HI\\nl 96\\ni\\n9 id\\n20\\nB hi\\nX oo\\n1 M-iirsiiiy.\\nSingle Kara. I Excursion.\\njo 19\\n16\\n96\\nIS\\nii\\n1 HO\\n1\\ni 45\\n8 n\\n9 45\\n9 i.\\n9 00\\n9 68\\na 75\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J HO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J H5\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2i oo\\nB OQ\\n8 06\\n3 10\\n:i 93\\n8 mi\\n3 00\\na oo\\n3 16\\n8 80\\n3 56\\n9 00\\na oi", "height": "2153", "width": "4758", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "XXV\\nREAL ESTATE VALUES, HOUSE RENT AND BOARD.\\n(Prices given are in all cases for desirable plots, and in House\\nRent column for well built, modern houses, with all improve-\\nments, and desirably located.)\\nBuilding\\nFactory Sites\\nHouse Rent\\nLots.\\nper acre.\\nf\u00c2\u00a3~ 5\\nper annum.\\nNewark\\n$500 to S3, 000\\n$2,000 and up.\\n$300 and up.\\nJersev City\\n500 and up.\\n1\\nLafayette\\n500\\nArlington Av.\\n500\\nJackson Ave.\\nWest Bergen.\\n500\\n250\\nj- 2,000\\n300\\nCoram unip w\\n500\\nClaremont..\\nJ\\nGreenville\\n250\\nPamrapo\\n1\\nBayonne\\nCentreville..\\n250\\n2,000\\n250\\nBergen Point.\\nElizabethpo t\\nSpring St\\n500\\n2,000\\n200\\n1 000\\nEl Mora..\\n200\\n2.000\\n300\\nRoselle\\n000\\n2,000\\ni\\nCranf ord\\n200\\n1,000\\n$500\\n250\\nWestfield\\n200\\n1,000\\n500\\nFanwood\\n300 to 1,500\\n500\\n300\\n300\\nNetherwood\\n30.\u00c2\u00bbto 1,000\\n500\\nPlainfieid\\n3 0andup.\\n3,0o0\\n300\\nGrant Ave\\n250\\n2.000\\n200\\nEvona\\n200\\n2,000\\nDunellen\\n200\\ni\\nBound Brook.\\n250\\n150\\nFinderne\\nSomerville\\n250\\n250\\nRaritau\\n200\\n1\\n150\\nNorth Branch\\nWhite House.\\nLebanon\\nAnnandale.\\nHigh Bridge..\\n200\\nGlen Gardner\\n150\\n200\\nand\\nY 150\\nJunction\\nup.\\nS\\nAsbuiy\\nValley\\nBloomsbury..\\n1\\nSpringtown\\nJ\\nPhillipsburg..\\nLake Hopat-\\n500\\n250\\ncong\\n500 to 3,090\\nBoard is from $10.00 a week upwards from Jersey City to\\nSomerville beyond that point and along the High Bridge\\nbranch, from $8^00 a week upwards.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER I.\\nNEWARK\\nTrie Newark branch of the Central Railroad of New\\nJersey leaves the main stem at Communipaw and cuts\\nthrough the ridge of trap rock, which forms the high\\nground of Bergen Neck, with stations at Lafayette,\\nArlington avenue, Jackson avenue and West Bergen\\ncrosses the Morris Canal, the Hackensack and the Pas-\\nsaic rivers, and then speeds over the meadows to Newark,\\nstopping at East Ferry street, Ferry street and Broad\\nstreet, opposite the City Hall, the most central railroad\\nstation in Newark. The Broad street cars pass the door,\\nand from Market street at the next corner to the North,\\nother lines may be taken (see p. 17). From Newark the\\nCentral Railroad of New Jersey runs a branch via Eliz-\\nabethport to Elizabeth, connecting at Elizabethport for\\nall points on the New York Long Branch Railroad,\\nthe Jersey Southern Railroad, the Freehold New York\\nRailroad and the Atlantic Highlands Railroad, and at\\nElizabeth for points on the main line, for Philadelphia,\\nintermediate points on the Philadelphia Reading Rail-\\nroad, and for Baltimore, Washington and the West, via\\nthe Baltimore Ohio\\nNewark with its population of 170,000, its vast in-\\ndustrial interests, which make it the ninth manufactur-\\ning centre of the country, its broad avenues, fine\\nresidential streets and, above all, its modern, progressive\\nspirit, is the most important suburb reached by the\\nCentral Railroad of New Jersey. Its history well illus-\\ntrates Emerson s remark to the effect that you find as", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "2\\nmany heroes in the counting-house as on the battle-field.\\nFor the story of Newark is one of adventure in the\\nfounding and developing of useful arts.\\nIndustries. Industrial history when followed closely\\nyear by year makes pretty dry reading; but, when sur-\\nveyed by epochs read with the aid of glasses which bring\\nperhaps twenty-five years into one focus it presents\\nastonishing and even romantic statistics. Newark s in-\\ndustrial records extend back almost to the date of its\\nfounding. Its people seem to have taken as naturally to\\nmanufacturing as ducks to water. Leather was made\\nin Newark already in 1676, for the town records show\\nthe appointment of a sealer of leather. In 1683\\nNewark cider was as famous as Jersey apple-jack is\\nnow, Deputy Gov. Thomas Rudyard writing to a friend\\nin London, that at a place called Newark is made\\ngreat quantities of Cyder exceeding any we can have\\nfrom New England or Rhod Island or Long Island.\\nIn 1721 free-stone quarrying had become quite an in-\\ndustry. From then until the Revolution, Newark s\\nprogress was slow, but steady. After the Revolution its\\nmanufactories began to attract attention elsewhere.\\nThis was especially the case with shoe-making, which\\nhad naturally followed closely in the wake of tanning.\\nIn fact a tanner, Moses N. Combs, was the first shoe\\nmanufacturer on an extensive scale for export. This\\nCombs was a character. He tanned souls as well as sole-\\nleather; for he was a clergyman, and, for a while, being\\ndissatisfied with the strict orthodox form of worship at\\nthe First Presbyterian Church he established a separate\\ncongregation.\\nBy 1806 shoe-making had become so important an in-\\ndustry in Newark that, in a map of the town published\\nthat year, the figure of a shoe-maker at work was\\nengraved in the emblematic design over a tew descriptive", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "MORRIS CANAL\u00e2\u0080\u0094 NEWARK.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "sentences, one of which says the town is noted for its\\nCider, the making of carriages of all sorts, coach lace,\\nmen s and women s shoes. In the manufacture of this\\nlast article, one-third of the inhabitants are constantly\\nemployed. Carriage-making was then and is still one\\nof Newark s most important industries.\\nThe first establishment in the United States for the\\nexclusive manufacture of jewelry was founded in\\nNewark in 1801. The first iron foundry was established\\nprior to 1810 the exact year cannot be determined\\nin Washington street, on the site now occupied by\\nthe Second Presbyterian church. Hatting and chair-\\nmaking also flourished. In fact, already in the early\\npart of this century, Newark was a lively manufacturing\\ncentre. A statement based upon the census returns of\\n1810 shows the value of articles manufactured in Essex\\nCo. to have been $1,169,871, in which amount the\\nboots, shoes and slippers made an item of $400,000. In\\n1834 Newark was made a port of entry, and in 1835 the\\nimports were $2,500,000 and the exports $8,000,000.\\nThe first Collector of the Port was Archer Gilford, who\\nkept the Gifford Tavern, quite a noted hostelry,\\nespecially among sportsmen. A fox-hunting scene was\\npainted on the sign-board, and here the fox hunters were\\nwont to gather after they had given Reynard a chase\\nover the meadows.\\nIn 1830 a local committee made a careful canvass of\\nNewark s manufacturing industries, and in their report\\nmention is made of two breweries. The beer-brewing\\nindustry, which has now attained enormous proportions\\nin Newark, was then just starting in a small way. Sub-\\nject, of course, to temporary checks, the industries of\\nNewark have steadily developed. According to the last\\ncensus (1880) there were 1,291 manufacturing establish-\\nments in Newark with a capital of $31,055,565, produc-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "4\\ning articles valued at $60,985,766, and employing 41,510\\nhands at a cost in wages of $14,784,388. According to\\nHolbrookes Directory for 1889, there are now in Newark __\\nabout 1,650 manufacturing establishments. Among\\nthese are 26 breweries, 49 makers of carriages and\\nappurtenances, 5 thread works, one of which employs\\nover 8,000 operatives, 87 clothing manufacturers, 21\\nboot and shoe factories, 23 brass foundries, 22 button\\nfactories, 50 hat manufacturers, 22 iron founders, 63\\nleather manufacturers and dealers, 2 macaroni factories,\\n111 segar manufacturers, 6 fertilizer works, 6 smelters\\nand 10 tanners. The figures quoted give briefly but\\neloquently the history of Newark s industrial progress.\\nNow, a resident of Newark can clothe himself from\\nhead to foot in Newark-made garments, sewed with\\nNewark-made thread; sit on a chair made in Newark, at\\na table made in Newark, spread with a cloth made in\\nNewark and set with Newark-made china, glass and\\ncutlery and eat, with a fork made in Newark, vegetables\\ngrown under the stimulating influence of Newark fertili-\\nzers; smoke, after dinner, a cigar rolled in Newark, over a\\nbottle of Newark-brewed beer; and, in his last moments,\\ncontemplate calmly the approach of death, because he\\nknows that he will be borne to his grave in a Newark-\\nmade hearse, followed by Newark-made carriages, and\\nburied in a grave dug with a Newark-made spade.\\nAs an illustration of how thoroughly the soul of\\nNewark is absorbed in manufactories, the following con-\\nversation, overheard at the sea shore last summer, may\\nbe quoted:\\nMr. Beau. Are you acquainted with Scott s works,\\nMiss Belle?\\nMiss Belle (of Newark). Why, no! I never heard of\\nthem; are they on the Passaic\\nOf course the growth of Newark s population has been", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u00a2H\\n.Li\\n1\\n-i:\\nM\u00c2\u00a3J IW,\\ni\\nr/raw", "height": "2766", "width": "1693", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "commensurate with the expansion of its industrial inter-\\nests. Following is part of the striking record:\\n1826... 8,017 1848... 30,000 1880. .126,000\\n1830... 10,995 1860... 71,941 1885. .152,988\\n1837... 20,079 1870. .105,542 1889. .170,000\\nSOCIAL HISTORY.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The social history of Newark-\\nis quite as interesting as its industrial record, especially\\nto any one who can get beneath the facts at the\\nphilosophy. Newark began as an hierarchy as com-\\nplete as any which flourished in Biblical days. Its\\nfounders were New England Congregationalists, and\\nthey early resolved that none be admitted freemen or\\nfree Burgesses within our Town upon Passaick River\\nbut such planters as are members of some or\\nother of the Congregational churches. The pastor of\\nthe Congregational Church (afterwards the First Presby-\\nterian or Old First Church) was chosen and paid by\\nthe town, and the church building was the public\\nmeeting-house. The early history of this church and\\nthe early history of Newark are, therefore, identical.\\nThe town continued to be thus governed until about\\n1720, when, the first settlers having died or ceased to\\nhave a controlling influence in public affairs, the reli-\\ngious tests of citizenship were abandoned.\\nSettlement. Newark was settled about the middle\\nof May, 1666, by Puritans from Milford, New Haven\\nand Branford, Conn. The initial step was taken in\\n1061, the restoration of Charles II having aroused a\\nfear in some of the colonists that their liberty of con-\\nscience would be interfered with. Through a committee,\\nof which Robert Treat was the head, negotiations were\\nopened with Governor Stuyvesant, but. before the Con-\\nnecticut colonists decided to emigrate, England had\\npossessed herself of the New Netherlands, and it was\\nunder Carteret s administration 1 hat Newark was set t led,\\nits founders purchasing their title direct from the In-\\ndians. Tradition has it that the first of the little band", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "6\\nof New Englanders to set foot on Newark soil was\\nElizabeth Swaine, a fail Puritan maiden of eighteen\\nsummers, whose lover, Josiah Ward, gallantly secured\\nher this honor. Elizabeth must have been an engaging\\nyoung person, for that she was wooed at least twice is a\\nmatter of historical record. Josiah Ward was her first\\nsuccessful suitor, and to him she was married. After his\\ndeath she married David Ogden, and their son, Josiah\\nOgden, became the founder of the first Episcopal church\\nin Newark (p. 9).\\nThe cost of the territory purchased by the settlers,\\nwhich included the greater part of what is now Essex\\nCo., was equal to about $750; the consideration being\\n50 double hands of powder, 100 bars of lead, 20 axes,\\n20 coates, 10 guns, 20 pistols, 10 swords, 10 kettles, 4\\nblankets, 4 barrels of beer, 2 pair of breeathes, 50 knives,\\n20 hoes, 850 fathoms of wampum, 2 ankers of liquor\\n(say 32 gallons), or something equivalent, and three\\ntroopers coates.\\nRobert Treat, the leader of the settlers, and who may\\njustly be regarded as the founder of Newark, was an in-\\nteresting figure in our colonial history. He was both a\\ngood civilian and a good fighter; a man who could pre-\\nside at legislative councils and pick off a hostile savage\\nwith his rifle with equal judgment. Treat was born in\\nEngland. We hear of him in Milford as early as 1640.\\nAt the battle of Bloody Brook he made no less than 17\\nfair shots at the enemy, and was thereby as often a mark\\nfor them. When Sir Edmund Andros attempted to\\nwrest Connecticut s charter from her Governor, Treat\\npresided in the Assembly chamber, and it is believed to\\nhave been at his suggestion that the lights were suddenly\\nextinguished, so that Capt. Wadsworth was enabled to\\nslip out and secrete the precious document in the\\nCharter Oak. But, though brave in the presence of the\\nenemy, he is said to have been extremely bashful with\\nmembers of the gentler sex, and it is related that\\nhis first wife, Jane Taff, was obliged to lead him up to a\\nproposal of marriage by observing, as he was dancing\\nheron his knee (which was permissable by their dis-\\nparity of age and long intimacy Robert, be still that\\nI had rather be Treatted than trotted! Treat remained\\nin Newark only some six years. The Old First church\\nstands upon a portion of his home lotte.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "The name Newark is derived from New-Worke, for\\nthus the settlement was called by Treat and others of\\nhis associates. The present name was substituted by\\nRev. Abraham Pierson, the first pastor of the new\\ntown, a native of Newark-ou-Trent; this place also, it\\nmay be interesting to note, derived its name from New-\\nWork. Newark-on-Trent, 773 years old, has 14,000\\ninhabitants; Newark on the Passaic, only in the begin-\\nning of its third century, lias a population of 170,000.\\nAt the time of the original settlement, and for many\\nyears afterwards, wolves and bears were so numerous in\\nthe neighborhood of Newark that the town offered pre-\\nmiums for killing them, and one of the settlers added\\nconsiderably to his possessions by establishing a wolf-pit.\\nThe Old First. The First Presbyterian Church\\nof Newark, whose early history and that of Newark go\\nhand in hand, may be said to have ante-dated even\\nNewark itself, and to be the oldest English congregation\\nin the State, though the first church structure in New\\nJersey was the Dutch Reformed of Bergen.\\nThe Old First existed as a congregation already\\nin Branford. Conn., in 1644, whence, in 1666, it was\\nsimply translated to Newark, where, in 1668, a place of\\nworship was erected. The site was on the west side of\\nBroad street, nearly opposite the present structure. In\\n1675, it served also as a public house of refuge, the in-\\nhabitants, alarmed at the Indian atrocities in New Eng-\\nland, fearing an attack from the Hackensack natives.\\nThe meeting house was fortified and flanked with pali-\\nsades. But the fears were groundless, the fairness of the\\nsettlers toward the Indians, in purchasing the land of\\nthem, proving on this occasion, as well as in the future,\\na guarantee of peace. There is no record of any dis-\\nturbance between the people of Newark and the Indians.\\nNothing, perhaps, illustrates better the spirit of fair-\\nness which governed the people of Newark in their deal-\\nings with others than the manner in which the boundary\\nline between Newark and Elizabeth wis settled. Wor^\\nthies from both towns met on what has since been known\\nas Divident Hill, near Bound Creek, and the proceedings\\nopened and closed with prayer; the agreement being\\nreached amicably and solemnly. They were ^ust, but\\nnot weak; for they exacted with quiet dignity for them-\\nselves the justice which they meted out to others. When", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "Sir Edmund Andros sought to wrest New Jersey from\\nCarteret, and issued a proclamation to that effect, New-\\nark replied calmly but firmly: The Town being met\\ntogether, give their positive answer to the Governor of\\nYork s writ, that they have taken the oath of allegiance\\nto the King, and fidelity to the present Government, and\\nuntil we have sufficient order from his Majesty we will\\nstand by the same.\\nThe first pastor of the Old First Church was Rev.\\nAbraham Pierson, of Nottinghamshire, England, and a\\ngraduate of Cambridge. He had ministered in Bran-\\nford some 23 years before he removed to Newark with\\nthe Branford settlers, in the fall of 1666. fie was a\\nzealous Indian missionary, acquiring during his labors a\\nsufficient knowledge of the language of those among\\nwhom he worked to compile a catechism in their tongue.\\nThis work was printed in 1660. He died in Newark, Au-\\ngust 9, 1678. his son Abraham, who had been his assist-\\nant since 1672, succeeding him. The younger Pierson\\nseems to have been popular, for he is described as a\\nfleshy, well-favoured and comely-looking man. In\\n1692, he severed his connection with the church, because\\nhe preferred a moderate Presbyterianism to the strict\\nCongregationalism in which he was required to minister,\\nand returned to Connecticut. When Yale College was\\nfounded, in 1701, he was chosen its first Rector or Presi-\\ndent, and was held in such esteem that the college was\\ntemporarily established at Killingworth, where he was\\npastor, to suit his convenience, and because of the love\\nwhich his flock bore him.\\nHe was succeeded in Newark by Rev. John Prudden.\\nMeanwhile, somewhat of a change had come over the\\nspirit in which the affairs of the town were adminis-\\ntered. It was no longer a strictly ecclesiastical govern-\\nment, and the Congregational tests of citizenship were\\nnot so strictly enforced. Nearly all the original settlers\\nwere dead. Mr. Prudden himself seems to have been\\nopposed to the mingling of politics and religion, and,\\nduring his seven years pastorate, the ecclesiastical spirit\\nwas probably still more eliminated from the administra-\\ntion of public affairs. With the appointment of his\\nsuccessor, Rev. Jabez Wakeman, the separation became\\nmore clearly defined, for the expense of his maintenance\\nwas not provided by a levy on the town, as in the case of", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "9\\nkis predecessors, but by voluntary subscription. Wake-\\nman died in 1704, shortly after completing the fifth\\nyear of his pastorate, and for a period of five or six\\nyears following there was no regular pastor. Finally,\\nan emissary was dispatched to Connecticut, the great\\nclerical hive, where he secured Rev. Nathaniel Bowers,\\nwho was pastor for six years, until his death in 1716.\\nDuring his pastorate, probably about 1715, a new church\\nbuilding of stone, 40 feet square, with a steeple and bell,\\nwas erected a little to the north of the first meeting house.\\nA Mr. Buckingham succeeded Bowers for a short time,\\nand then Rev. Joseph Webb was ordained by the Pres-\\nbytery of Philadelphia, October 22, 1719. His Presbyte-\\nrian ordination was an important incident in the history\\nof Newark, for it marked a further drifting away from the\\noriginal Congregational theory of town and church gov-\\nernment. The character of the population had been\\nsomewhat changed by Scotch and Dutch accessions. In\\n1727, we learn of a Dutch church organization in New-\\nark the town whi h had in 1666 limited citizenship to\\nCongregationalists and it is thought that Episcopal\\nservices were held there as early as 1729. The first\\nEpiscopal Church of Newark Trinity was founded, as\\na result of a quarrel between Col. Josiah Ogden and\\nthe First Presbyterian Church. About the fall of 1733,\\nhe shocked the staid members of the Presbyterian con-\\ngregation, of which he himself was a member, by har-\\nvesting his wheat on Sunday, in order to save it from\\nthe rain. The result was a bitter controversy, which\\nended in a schism, Col. Ogden and a number of his\\nfriends withdrawing from the Old First Church and\\nfounding Trinity.\\nThe history of the Old First and of Newark now\\nbrings us to two characters, ne of whom at least\\nplayed a conspicuous part in the military history of the\\nRevolution and in the civil history of the new-born\\nrepublic. These are Aaron Burr and his son and name-\\nsake; the former a man of intellectual poise, dignity of\\nbearing and weight of character; the latter inheriting\\nhis father s mental gifts, but uniting with them a\\npassionate temperament which caused them to be mis-\\napplied, and made him, while one of the mo.-t brilliant\\nand fascinating figures in American history, also one of\\nthe most contemned.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "10\\nRev. Aaron Burr was the seventh pastor of the First\\nPresbyterian Church. He preached there when but 19\\nyears old. During his pastorate he devoted much thought\\nand energy to educational matters, and he was largely\\ninstrumental in founding the College of New Jersey\\n(Princeton). In May, 1744, David Brainerd, the Indian\\nmissionary, was ordained in the Old First. For a\\ntrifling indiscretion he had been expelled from Yale\\nCollege and, although backed by Burr and other promi-\\nnent divines, he was not restored. This and his subse-\\nquent ordination in Newark led .to a synodical separation,\\nwhich resulted in the establishment of the College of\\nNew Jersey as a rival to Yale. It was founded by con-\\nverting Rev. Jonathan Dickinson s classical school at\\nElizabeth Town into a college. But when, soon after\\nthe opening of the college (May, 1747), Dickinson died,\\nthe students were placed under the care of Aaron Bun-,\\nat Newark, who, in November the year following, was\\nelected President. The college remained in Newark\\neight years, when it was moved to Princeton (1756),\\nwhere Burr died a year later. He had resigned his\\npastorate in 1755 in order to give his whole time to the\\naffairs of the college. During his ministry a complete\\nseparation of his church from the town government was\\neffected, a distinct act of incorporation being secured\\nfor the church.\\nDuring the early years of Burr s pastorate two riots\\noccurred in Newark. They grew out of the claims of\\nthe English Proprietors that they and their predecessors\\nalone could give legal titles, whereas the descendants of\\nthe settlers maintained that they had secured valid\\ntitles from the Indians themselves direct. The rioters\\ntwice broke open the gaol and liberated those who\\nhad been confined therein at the instance of the Pro-\\nprietors, but there does not appear to have been any\\nbloodshed.\\nAaron Burr, the second, was born in Newark, Feb-\\nruary 6, 1756, in the parsonage, a fine stone mansion on\\nthe west side of Broad street, 34 feet south of what is\\nnow the southwest corner of William. In the yard\\nstood four large trees which, when the house was torn\\ndown in 1835, were transplanted to Broad street, south\\nof Pennington, where they are now flourishing. To\\nthis house, Aaron Burr, the elder, being very popular,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "^^_Mi-^:^\\ns I*.\\n4^\\nTHE OLD FIRST 1668,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "SECOND AND PRESENT BUILDING.\\nOld First", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "11\\ncame many of the young people of Newark and its\\nvicinity that they might have the nuptial knot tied by\\nthe famous divine, and it is probable that in no other\\nhouse in New Jersey at that time were so many people\\nmade happy or miserable. Aaron Burr, the second,\\nwas not sufficiently identified with Newark to render a\\ndetailed account of his career necessary. His elevation\\nto the Vice-Presidency, his intrigue against Jefferson,\\nthe Blennerhassett incident, his duel with Hamilton, are\\nmatters well known to all who are acquainted with our\\nnational history.\\nAfter Aaron, the elder, removed to Princeton, Rev.\\nJohn Brainerd, a brother of the Indian missionary, be-\\ncame pastor of the First Church. His successor in 1759\\nwas Rev. Alexander Macwhorter, who had graduated at\\nPrinceton and completed his studies at Freehold under\\nthe famous William Tennent. Dr. Macwhorter was an\\nearnest patriot and was obliged to flee when the British\\nentered Newark. They looted the parsonage, destroying\\nmany valuable church records. He became a chaplain\\nin Washington s army and participated in the council\\nof war which decided upon the memorable crossing of\\nthe Delaware.\\nBefore the Revolution already it had been decided to\\nerect a new chfrrch edifice. Trenches for the founda-\\ntions had been dug and metal for the bell collected.\\nWhen the war broke out the metal was carted to what\\nis now known as Maple Island and buried. In Septem-\\nber, 1787, the foundations of the present edifice were\\ncommenced, and January 1, 1791, the church was\\ndedicated. In the tower, just over the entrance, a\\ntablet was inserted bearing this inscription attributed to\\nWilliam Peartree Smith, then treasurer of the society:\\nAedem hanc amplissimam cultui divino dicatam,\\nex animo religioso et munificentia valde praeclara, Nov\\nArcae habitantes, cura sub pastorali Rev. AJexaridri\\nMacwhorter, S. T. D., primum qui posuit saxum, con-\\nstruxerunt, anno salutis, 1787; Amer. Reipub. Foede-\\nratae 12. Auspicante Deo, Longem Perduret in Aeum.\\nDr. Macwhorter s pastorate terminated with his death,\\nJuly 20, 1807. His successors have been Edward D.\\nGriffin, till 1809: James Richards, till 1823: William T.\\nHamilton, till 1834; Ansel D. Eddy, till 1848; Jonathan", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "12\\nF. Stearns, till 1883; David R. Frazer, the present\\npastor. Dr. Macwhorter s study chair, an old-fashioned\\npiece of furniture with a broad wooden shelf attached\\nto the right arm is preserved in the rooms of the New\\nJersey Historical Society (p. 16).\\nThe Old First has played so important a part in\\nthe history of Newark, and still wields so benign an\\ninfluence, that it has been deemed advisable to give\\nillustrations of the three buildings which the congrega-\\ntion has occupied since it settled on the Passaic, over\\ntwo centuries ago. That of the first meeting house is\\nfrom a drawing found in the corner of an old map, en-\\ntitled Our Towne on Passayke; that of the second is\\nenlarged from another old map. The third shows the\\nexterior of the present structure, which stands on the\\neast side of Broad street, just south of the Jersey Cen-\\ntral station. The interior is not so old fashioned as one\\nwould expect from the history of the church. The\\ndecorations consist of elaborate mouldings. There is a\\nlarge platform for the pulpit; a colonnade of steps\\nleads up to it on either side; above it is an arch which\\nhalf conceals a dome.\\nThe church which founded Newark, and whose early\\nhistory is identical with that of the city, is as nourishing\\nas the city which it founded. It ownis valuable real\\nestate on Broad street, and enjoys also the support of\\na large and wealthy congregation. In the rear of the\\nchurch is the grave-yard. North and west it is flanked\\nby the rear of factories and on the south by the railroad.\\nThe whirring of machinery, the puffing of engines and\\nthe unkempt look of the grounds, arouse a feeling of\\nresentment at the neglect which has fallen upon this\\nspot, which once, doubtless, was tranquil and beautiful.\\nThe original burying ground was located in the rear of\\nthe engine-houses on the opposite side of Broad street.\\nDuring the summer of 1889 the remains and headstones\\nwere removed to a vault in Fairmount Cemetery.\\nThe First Presbyterian church is a venerable struc-\\nture for this young country, and, with its traditions\\nreaching back even beyond the settlement of Newark, it\\nmay be regarded as a fit monument to the sturdy band\\nof pioneers whose spirit of pluck and perseverance\\nseems to have been inherited by the community they", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "I.l!\\nT\\niT.\\nX\\nhj", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "13\\nfounded. Upon this spirit, as upon a foundation, the\\ncity of Newark has been built.\\nHistorical Incidents. The Revolutionary history of\\nNewark is devoid of picturesque details, the British\\nhaving made Elizabeth the base of their operations in\\nthis section of New Jersey. In 1776, Washington, then\\non his retreat to the Delaware, passed through Newark,\\nwhich has one claim to distinction over all other towns\\nin which Washington and his troops were quartered\\nduring the Revolution it has no Washington s Head-\\nquarters. Washington was in Newark five days, and,\\nfrom his record as a sleeper elsewhere, we may be sure\\nthat he slept in some structure in Newark. But, unfor-\\ntunately, it cannot be identified. It has been claimed\\nthat he stopped at the Gouverneur mansion Irving s\\nCockloft Hall \u00e2\u0080\u0094situated back from Mt. Pleasant\\navenue and facing Gouverneur street; also at the old\\nEagle Tavern, which fronted on Broad street a little north\\nof the present City Hall and at the house of one of his\\nofficers, Capt. Huntington, which stood on the south-\\neast corner of Broad street and Eighth avenue.\\nWashington entered Newark the evening of November\\n22, 1776, with his retreating forces. Six days after-\\nwards, just as the Americans moved out, Cornwallis s\\nvanguard moved in .from the north. The English\\nstarted in pursuit about December 1, leaving a strong\\nguard in Newark, whose presence stimulated many who\\nwere Tories at heart to come out in their true colors.\\nNewark, did not, however, suffer during the Revolution\\nas did Monmouth, nor is her Revolutionary history so\\nromantic as that of the coast counties. Her trials were\\nconfined to a few depredations directed against those\\nwho sympathized with the Americans.\\nAn amusing incident in the history of Newark was\\nthe election held early in 1807 to determine upon the\\nsite for a new court-house building. At that time\\nElizabeth Town was part of Essex Co. and a rival\\nclaimant of Newark for the court-house site. In those\\ndays women had the right of suffrage, and they and the\\nchildren for several days before the election did nothing\\nbut write ballots. On the day of election, the voters,\\nmen and women, were driven hurriedly from poll to\\npoll, and voted as often as they could, the women\\nvying with the men in ballot-box stuffing. So deter-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "14\\nmined was the contest, that Gov. Pennington himself\\nconducted a strapping negress to the polls av*d\\njoined her in the ballot. Men who had voied\\ndisguised themselves as women and voted over again,\\nand boys also attired themselves as women and gained\\naccess to the polls. The result was in favor of Newark,\\nbut the frauds were so palpable Newark s vote being\\nnearly equal to her whole population that the election\\nwas set aside, while the frauds committed by the women\\ncreated such a scandal that the right of suffrage was\\ntaken away from them.\\nHistoric Buildings. The three most interesting\\nhistorical buildings in Newark are the Old First and\\nTrinity churches (pp. 7 and 20), and the old Gouver-\\nneur mansion, famous as Washington Irving s Cock-\\nloft Hall, because of his frequent sojourns there and\\nhis references to it in Salmagundi. At that time it\\nwas owned by Gouverneur Kemble, one of Irving s\\nintimates. Pierre Irving, in his Life and Letters of\\nWashington Irving says:\\nAmong Irving s associates at this time were Peter\\nand Gouverneur Kemble, Henry Brevoort, Henry Ogden\\nand James K. Paulding, who, with himself, his brother\\nPeter and a few others, made up a small circle of\\nintimates, designated by Peter as the Nine Worthies,\\nthough Washington described them as The Lads of\\nKilkenny. One of their resorts was an old family\\nmansion which was on the banks of the\\nPassaic, about a mile above Newark.\\nIt was full of antique furniture, and the walls were\\nadorned with old family portraits. The place was in\\ncharge of an old man, his wife and a negro boy, who\\nwere its sole occupants, except when the nine, under\\nthe lead, and confident in the hospitality of the Patroon,\\nas they styled its possessor, would sally forth from New\\nYork and enliven its solitude by their madcap pranks\\nand juvenile orgies.\\nOn the place was a summer-house and a fish-pond, of\\nwhich Irving, to illustrate the peculiarities of the mythi-\\ncal Cockloft, says", "height": "2746", "width": "1704", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2746", "width": "1704", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "15\\nAn odd notion of the old gentleman was to blow up\\na large bed of rocks for the purpose of having a fish-\\npond, although the river ran at a distance of about a\\nhundred yards from the house and was well stored with\\nfish but there was nothing, he said, like having things\\nto one s self. And he would have a summer-house built\\non the margin of the pond; he would have it sui rounded\\nby elms and willows, and he would have a cellar dug\\nunder it for some incomprehensible purpose, which\\nremains a secret to this day.\\nThis summer-house as it was in 1859 was sketched\\nby William A. Whitehead, who presented the draw-\\ning to the New Jersey Historical Society. Writing\\nto this society not many years before his death, Irving\\nsays: With Newark are associated in my mind many\\npleasant recollections of early days, and of social meet-\\nings at an old mansion on the banks of the Passaic.\\nThe summer-house was demolished when Passaic\\nstreet was extended. The mansion still stands on\\nMount Pleasant avenue, corner of Gouverneur street,\\nbut it is much altered, and has no relics of the days\\nwhen Irving and his companions had their frolics tnere.\\nModern Newark. City Hall, northwest corner of\\nBroad and William streets; Police Headquarters, 13\\nWilliam street; Post Office, northwest corner of Broad\\nand Academy streets; Custom House, same; Court\\nHouse, intersection of Market and High streets.\\nTelegraph Newark District Telegraph Office, 182\\nMarket street; Western Union Telegraph Co. (with\\nPublic Telephone), 180 Market street; Telegraph Sta-\\ntions, in all the railroad stations.\\nRailroad Stations Central Railroad of New Jer-\\nsey, East Ferry street, Ferry street (northeast corner\\nof Prospect street), Broad street (between Mechanic\\nand Fair streets), opposite City Hall, a short distance\\nfrom the Court House and Post Office the most\\ncentrally located railroad station in Newark: Penn-\\nsylvania Railroad, Centre street, Market street (New\\nJersey Railroad avenue), Chestnut street (New Jer-\\nsey Railroad avenue), Emmet street (New Jersey", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "16\\nRailroad avenue) Delaware, Lackawanna Western\\nRailroad, Broad street (Morris and Essex Railroad\\navenue); Neivark and Paterson Railrord {New York,\\nLake Erie Western Railroad), Ogden street, between\\nThird and Fourth avenues, Grafton avenue and Oraton\\nstreet New York Greenwood Lake Railroad, Verona\\nand Washington avenues.\\nNewark Academy, 536-548 High street. This is the\\noldest of the many public schools of Newark, having been\\nfounded in 1775. It is a collegiate preparatory school.\\nHospitals: Neivark City Hospital, 116 Fairmount\\navenue (has also training school for nurses) St. Michael s\\nHospital, High street corner Central avenue Hospital\\nof St. Barnabas, 681 High street; Newark German Hos-\\npital, corner Bank and Wallace streets; Hospital for\\nWomen and Children, South Orange avenue near Bergen\\nstreet Home for the Friendless, same St. James R. C.\\nHospital, corner Lafayette and Madison streets.\\nMiscellaneous Society for the Prevention of Cruelty\\nto Children for Essex Co., 144 Market street; Boys\\nLodging House, same; Society for the Prevention of\\nCruelty to Animals, 46 Fair street Board of Trade, 764\\nBroad street; Y. M. C. A., Clinton street near Broad;\\nY. M. Cath. A., 76 and 78 New street; Y. M.H. A.,\\n30 Plane street; Miner s Theatre, 193 Market street.\\nRestaurant G. Munzer Co., one door north of\\nBroad street station, Central Railroad Co. of New\\nJersey.\\nNew Jersey Historical Society, northwest corner Broad\\nand Bank streets, publishes New Jersey Archives\\n(Colonial Records), and Collection of New Jersey\\nHistorical Society (papers relating to the history of the\\nState), owns the original of the map Newark or Pesayak\\nTowne (1666-1680), Dr. McWhorters study-chair (p. 11)\\nand cane, coat and chapeau of Capt. James Lawrence\\nDon t give up the ship a stone from the house of\\nColumbus in San Domingo, a piece of the Charter Oak,\\na piece of the dock of Delft Haven from which the\\nMayflower sailed in 1620, Robert Fulton s plans and\\ndrawings, and several Indian relics.\\nNewark Free Public Library, West Park street near\\nBroad, opened 1889, with 10,000 volumes. The building,\\nof granite, with halls and stairways in marble, is one of\\nthe finest structures in the State. The main library", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "17\\nroom will accommodate 200,000 volumes. There are,\\nbesides the catalogue room, with printed catalogues\\narranged according to subjects on tables and card cata-\\nlogues in desks arm-high around the room, a reference\\nlibrary, a prettily-furnished reading-room for women,\\na main reading-room, and a class-room to be used by\\nchildren of the public schools brought thither by their\\nteachers. The library is supported by a tax levy at the\\nrate of one-third of a mill on the dollar of taxable\\nvaluation. Books may be taken out on presentation of\\na card. Cards, good for three years, will be issued on a\\ndirectory identification. If the applicant is known,\\nor his or her name is in the directory, a card will be\\ngiven; if neither of these conditions exist, the card will\\nbe granted only after four days delay. The four days\\nwill be used in ascertaining, by library messengers, the\\ncorrectness of the name and address ot the applicant.\\nArmed with the card, there is no further preliminary\\nnecessary the library will be open to the applicant.\\nBooks may be kept two weeks, and a penalty will be ex-\\nacted for keeping tham longer two cents a day. A\\npostal-card notice will be sent at the expiration of a\\nfortnight. If the book is not returned a week later, a\\nlibrary messenger will go to the house, obtain the book\\nand collect twenty cents messenger service.\\nHorse-Car Lines. Essex Passenger Railroad Co.\\nOrange Line (green car and green signal light): From\\nMarket Street Depot Pennsylvania Railroad Co., through\\nMarket, Broad and Orange streets through Roseville and\\nEast Orange to Lincoln avenue, Orange. Broad Street\\nLine(ved car and red signal light) From Badger avenue,\\nthrough Clinton avenue past Lincoln Park; through\\nBroad street; through Belleville avenue to Mt. Pleasant\\nCemetery. Belleville Line From Washington avenue\\nto Belleville. Roseville Line From Roseville Depot,\\nthrough Warren street, Wallace place, Bank street past\\nCourt House; through Market, Bowery and Chapel\\nstreets and Albert avenue to Loekwood street. Newark\\nand Bloomfield Line (yellow car and yellow signal light)\\nFrom Station, foot of Broad street, through Broad and\\nState streets, Summer and Bloomfield avenues to Bloom-\\nfield. (Branch through Mt. Prospect avenue to Old\\nBloomfield road.) Harrison Line (white car and blue\\nsignal light): From Davis avenue, Harrison; through", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "18\\nHarrison avenue, Bridge, Broad, Market, Union, Elm\\nand Pacific streets to Pennington street.\\nElizabeth and Newark Horse Railroad Co. From\\nFourth avenue, through Ogden, Front, South Front\\nand Mulberry streets, New Jersey Railroad avenue to\\nand through Thomas street to Pennsylvania avenue;\\nthrough Pennsylvania avenue to Miller street; through\\nMiller street and Elizabeth avenue to City Line; thence\\nto Waverly and Elizbaeth connecting with East Newark,\\nIrvington, South Orange, Orange, Bloomfield, Belleville\\nand Roseville cars; and with Delaware, Lackawana\\nWestern, Erie, Pennsylvania, and Central Railroad of\\nNew Jersey at various depots along line; also with all\\nexcursion boats on the Passaic River.\\nNewark and South Orange Horse Railroad Co. Newark\\nand South Orange Line (blue car and red signal light)\\nFrom Market Street Depot, through Market street, past\\nCourt House; through Springfield and South Orange\\navenues, passing Fairmount and Holy Sepulchre Ceme-\\nteries, Shooting Park, Insane Asylum and Seton Hall\\nCollege to South Orange.\\nNewark and Irvington Street Railway Co. Newark\\nand Irvington Line (yellow car and yellow signal light):\\nFrom Market Street Depot, through Market street, past\\nCourt House; through Springfield avenue, past Wood-\\nland Cemetery, to Irvington.\\nCab Service. Standard Cab Co., 19 Division place;\\ntelephone No. 369; can be ordered by telephone from\\nNew York, Elizabeth, Paterson and any other places in\\ntelephonic connection with Newark. Rates:\\nCabs By the trip, one mile or fraction thereof,\\neach passenger $0 25\\nBy the hour, first hour or fraction thereof, 1 00\\nEach succeeding hour 75\\nCoupes By the hour onlv, first hour or fraction\\nthereof 1 25\\nEach succeeding hour 1 00\\nChurches. For First Presbyterian Church, see p. 7.\\nThe Second Presbyterian Church of Newark was dedi-\\ncated September 30, 1810; the Third in 1824. There\\nare now nineteen churches of this denomination and two\\nUnited Presbyterian churches in Newark.\\nThe First Baptist (Peddie Memorial) Church was", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "19\\norganized June 6, 1806. Newark has now fourteen\\nchurches of this denomination.\\nThe Peddie Memorial, in memory of Thomas B. Ped-\\ndie, is the finest modern church structure in Newark.\\nThe general ground plan covers the entire lot, 100x107\\nfeet, forming a circular floor plan.\\nFour prominent alcoves are arranged by a system of\\nRoman arches which are furred and broken in the main\\ndomed lines of the arch that spans the great ceiling. In\\neach of the four alcoves the galleries are slanted, and\\nthe seats are recessed back to the curved walls. Directly\\nin the corner of Fulton and Broad streets and imme-\\ndiately above the porch is the memorial bay alcove, the\\nwindow openings made to suit the memorial windows\\nformerly in the chancel of the Academy street church.\\nThe ceiling is formed in part by the four Roman\\narches on either side of the building, from the inter-\\nsection of which massive groins run up into the great\\ndome, the upper part of which is a huge stained-glass\\nlantern of dome shape. The groins are heavy oak tim-\\nbers, the panels of the ceiling of light wood, while\\nmetal ornaments in broad bands run horizontally\\naround the domed ceiling, relieving the wood-work\\nfrom monotony. A series of stained-glass dormer win-\\ndows also encircle the ceiling of the lofty dome.\\nThe center of the ornamentation and architectural\\neffect is designed about the marble baptistery, which is\\nplaced in the center of the building; in other words,\\nimmediately back of the pulpit. Radiating from this\\npoint the seats gently curve, surrounding the pulpit and\\nlectern, thus forming an amphitheatre. The baptistery\\nis of solid carved marble, elevated several feet above\\nthe line of the main floor, and curved in general out-\\nline, with approaches corbelled and arched on the two\\nsides, forming a cluster of grouped columns and arches,\\nfrom the robing rooms, which are placed directly un-\\nderneath the two organs on the north and south sides\\nof the pulpit.\\nDirectly behind the pulpit on the second story of the\\nFulton street wing of the building and facing the audi-\\nence are the Sunday-school rooms.\\nDividing the auditorium from the Sunday-school\\nrooms is a rich and elaborate screen of cherry and\\nwrought metal, with sliding partitions, so that the two", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "20\\ngeneral compartments of church and Sunday- school\\nmay be opened into one great audience room, when de-\\nsired, capable of seating more than three thousand per-\\nsons. When thus thrown open, the Sunday-school\\nrooms form a richly alcoved chancel, and its groined\\nceiling and beautiful windows, as seen through the in-\\nterstices of the metal screen, are an attractive archi-\\ntectural feature. One can readily imagine the effect when,\\nduring some solemn celebration, the screens suddenly\\npart and disclose the children singing, with uplifted\\nfaces, their hymn of praise.\\nOf the eighteen Methodist Episcopal churches in\\nNewark, Wesley Chapel Halsey Street M. E. Church\\nis the oldest. The first meetings of the society were\\nheld in a bark mill which stood a few hundred yards\\nfrom the present site of the Halsey street church, which\\nwas dedicated January 1, 1809.\\nThere are twelve Episcopal churches in Newark. The\\noldest of these is Trinity. Here Washington, Robert\\nMorris, Robert Livingston and Gen. Lord Sterling are\\nknown to have worshipped. The base of the steeple of\\nthe original structure, erected 1743-44, supports the\\nsteeple of the present edifice, which was consecrated\\nMay 21, 1810. The head-stone which marked the grave\\nof Col. Ogden, Trinity s founder, in the old Presbyterian\\ngrave-yard, now forms part of the floor in the porch of\\nTrinity, but the record is totally obliterated. The\\ninterior has an old-fashioned air, owing chiefly to the\\nfact that the old pews have been retained. Those at the\\nhead of the main aisle with their bowed fronts are par-\\nticularly quaint looking. There is a great high pulpit\\nwith narrow, winding stairs. There is a fine stained-\\nglass window by Tiffany The Baptism of Christ in\\nthe rear of the chancel, and to the left the Gifford\\nmemorial window executed in England. The old bury-\\ning ground is on Rector street, near by.\\nThe first of the (Dutch) Reformed churches, of which\\nthere are nine, was organized in 1833.\\nThe first Roman Catholic congregation met in 1826 in\\nthe basement of a private house. The first church\\nrecord bears date November 3, 1829, and soon after-\\nwards a small church was erected on the present site of\\nSt. John s Roman Catholic Church. St. Patrick s\\nCathedral was founded in 1850. There are now seven-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "21\\nteen churches of this denomination in Newark, besides\\nnumerous parochial schools (6,699 pupils) and benevo-\\nlent institutions, including several hospitals, and monas-\\nteries and fifteen convents, among which is St.\\nDominic s, whose inmates are engaged in the Perpetual\\nAdoration of the Most Blessed Sacrament, not being\\nallowed beyond the confines of the convent except in\\ncases of the direst necessity.\\nBesides these churches there are 2 Congregational,\\n1 Reformed Episcopal, 1 Methodist Protestant, 4 Lu-\\ntheran, 1 Universalist, 2 Swedenborgian, 1 Reformed\\nCatholic and 8 independent churches, and 4 Jewish\\nSynagogues.\\nParks. Lincoln (p. 24), junction of Clinton avenue\\nand Broad street; Military (p. 25), Broad street and\\nPark place, noted for its avenues of stately elms. Near\\nthe south end is a statue of Gen. Phil. Kearney. The\\npark is on the site reserved by the settlers as a practice\\nground for the militia. Washington (p. 25), at the\\njunction of Broad and Washington streets, on ground\\nreserved by the settlers for a market place.\\nCemeteries. Mt. Pleasant, Belleville avenue and\\nHarney street, the principal cemetery of Newark, slop-\\ning down to the river and beautifully laid out; St.\\nJohn s, Belleville avenue, near Fourth avenue; Wood-\\nland, Rose street, near Eighteenth avenue Fairmount\\n(p. 12), South Orange avenue.\\nClubs. Essex (organized, 1876; incorporated, 1881),\\noccupies a fine mansion on Park place, overlooking\\nMilitary Park. Recently added to the building have\\nbeen a spacious dining hall and billiard room. An air\\nof old-fashioned comfort pervades the original portions\\nof the house. Situated in one of the finest residential\\nquarters of Newark, the club includes in its membership\\nsome of the oldest and wealthiest families in the State.\\nNorth End (organized, 1887), situated at the north-\\nwest corner of Broad street and Third avenue, the fine\\nbuilding (see illustration) having been erected for the\\nClub. Special features of the interior arrangements are\\nthe roomy entrance hall, with oaken staircase, and\\nbroad, low fireplace; the reception room and parlor,\\nfinished in white and gold, opening on a terrace (on the\\nBroad street front) covered in summer with an awning,\\nand the billiard room, which is 40 feet square, with bays", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "00\\nat the sides, with a large open fireplace of wrought\\nstone and molded brick. In the basement are four\\nbowling alleys.\\nOther clubs are the Chatelet, 1008 Broad street, and\\nthe Progress (Hebrew). There are also the Newark\\nHarmonic and Schubert Vocal societies, and seventeen\\nother singing societies.\\nAthletics and Sport. Triton Boat Club: Has a\\nfine club and boat-house on the Passaic, north of Mount\\nPleasant Cemetery, with grounds which comprise a run-\\nning track and tennis courts. It number* about 100\\nmembers, and has a fine record. From the club-house\\nis a straight-away course of 1% miles, a view of which\\nis commanded from the grand stand.\\nOther athletic and rowing clubs are the Riverside\\nAthletic Club, whose grounds and house are near those\\nof the Triton, the Mystic, Eureka, Institute, Passaic and\\nAtalantas, the last formerly located on the Harlem,\\nwhence it is thought the increase hi shipping, following\\nupon the opening of the ship-canal, will drive most of\\nthe rowing clubs to Newark. The Atalantas are on the\\neast bank of the Passaic, between Market and Centre\\nstreet bridges.\\nBase-Ball Grounds, foot of Emmet street. Principal\\nclubs: Newarks, Rosevilles, O. N. T. s, Star Athletics\\nand Tenth Ward Athletics.\\nWheeling The hard, level roads around Newark\\nhave made wheeling a popular sport. The Essex Bicycle\\nClub is an important organization, and the New Jersey\\nWheelmen have their headquarters at 494 Broad street.\\nThe New Jersey Trotting and Horse- Breeders Asso-\\nciation (Box 242, Newark, N. J.) is seeking to bring for-\\nward in the State an animal of superior characteristics\\nfor road and track purposes and, by a careful system of\\nbreeding and training, to insure beauty, service, docility\\nand speed.\\nThe Mutual Driving Association trots every Satur-\\nday afternoon, in summer, at Waverly.\\nTransportation (see beginning of Chapter and title,\\nRailroad Stations, p. 15). In the early part of this cen-\\ntury the only public conveyances between Newark and\\nNew York were the stage-coaches. In 1800 there was\\nbut one of these, an ungainly vehicle with a long body,\\nhung upon iron jacks, with five seats and a baggage", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "9 A\\nao\\nrack. Four miles of the road were so badly washed\\nby the tide of the Passaic that the coach jolted over\\nlogs and stones, and the passengers usually preferred\\nmaking that part of the journey on foot. In 1813,\\nfour lines from New York to Philadelphia passed\\nthrough Newark. Of Gen. John Noble Gumming,\\nwho was one of the chief stage proprietors and mail\\ncontractors, an interesting anecdote is still preserved.\\nDuring the period when Gideon Granger was Post-\\nmaster-General (1802-1809), there were serious irre-\\ngularities in the delivery of the mails. Granger\\ntherefore determined to travel in disguise over the\\nmail-routes. Some one at headquarters gave Cum-\\nming the tip, and he instructed his negro driver what to\\ndo should he happen to have a passenger answering a\\ncertain description. In due time the stage was boarded\\nat Paulus Hook by Granger, and the negro driver with\\na crack of his whip sent the horses plunging over the\\nrough road.\\nDo you want to break all the bones in my body?\\nshouted Granger. Drive slow! Drive slow!\\nCan t do it, sir! was the reply. I drive the\\nUnited States mail!\\nAgain and again the Postmaster-General protested,\\nbut in vain; and by the time he reached Newark he was\\nsatisfied that on one route at least the interests of the\\nUnited Stat j s mail service were well looked to.\\nIt was in Newark that Roosevelt, in 1798, built the\\nPolacca, a little craft fitted with a steam engine of\\ntwenty-inch cylinder and two-feet stroke which, October\\n21, of that year, eight years before the successful trial of\\nFulton s Clermont on the Hudson river, made a trial\\ntrip on the Passaic, but with disputed success.\\nIn 1818, a line of sloops and schooners was success-\\nfully established between Newark and New York. There\\nwas at one time much shipping in Newark, among the\\nvessels clearing in 1837 being two whalers, the John\\nWells and the Columbus. With the established\\nsuccess of steamboating this mode of travel was intro-\\nduced between New York.\\nThe first railroad trip between Newark and New York\\nwas made September 1, 1834, in the passenger car\\nWashington which was, however, drawn by horses.\\nDecember 2, 1835, the first engine passed over the road.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "24\\nNow, Newark has railroad communication with the\\nwhole country.\\nThe Newark and New York Railroad is a branch of the\\nCentral Railroad Co. of New Jersey. It was chartered\\nMarch 1. 1866, and began operations in 1869. The\\nbranch between Newark, Elizabeth port and Elizabeth\\nwas opened in 1872.\\nAn idea of the active, progressive spirit which per-\\nvades Newark was given in the review of its industrial\\nhistory (p. 2). The city is also an important trade cen-\\nter. The main business artery is Broad street, which has\\na width of 120 feet. This street was laid out by the\\noriginal settlers. On it are large retail and wholesale\\nstores of every description, Newark being the great\\nshopping center for many towns and villages in Essex\\nand Morris counties, enjoying also a large wholesale\\ntrade in the same localities. Market street is another\\nimportant business thoroughfare.\\nThe residential and business and manufacturing por-\\ntions of Newark are beginning to be better defined. Of\\nlate years large residential districts have sprung up on\\nthe ridge which rises a little west of Broad street, and runs\\nclear through the city north and south. High street from\\nMarket street to Clinton avenue is built up chiefly of\\nelegant modern houses, those on the east side command-\\ning from the rear an extended view of the valley of the\\nPassaic and Hackensack. Mt. Pleasant avenue and its\\nextension beyond Mt. Pleasant Cemetery form the east-\\nern boundary line of another large and attractive resi-\\ndential district with many fine buildings, including the\\nNorth End Club. On the plain which extends from the\\nfoot of the ridge to the Passaic are most of the numer-\\nous factories which have made Newark wealthy and\\nfamous, and the principal business streets. There are,\\nhowever, on the low-ground, several spots distinguished\\nfor fine residences. These are Broad street, near Lincoln", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "25\\nPark, Park place, facing Military Park, and Washington\\nplace and street, facing Washington Park. The houses\\non these sites are mostly broad and spacious. On Park\\nplace is the Essex Club. These fine residences and nu-\\nmerous others of more modern proportions belong to\\npeople who have business as well as family interests in\\nNewark, are thoroughly identified with the city s pro-\\ngress and are proud to hail from it. Herein Newark\\ndiffers from those suburbs whose population is composed\\nahiefly of New York business men. Within its boundaries\\nmany fortunes have been amassed, and it offers as at-\\ntractive a field as ever for investment; business and\\nprofessional men find ample employment; and there is\\nsteady demand for labor. Hence the vast majority of\\nits residents are Newarkers in fact as well as in name.\\nNewark is, however, also a pler.sant dwelling-place for\\nNew York business men, because of its accessibility, its\\nown attractiveness and the inexpensiveness of living\\nthere. Yet it offers all the conveniences of a city\\nelectric light, gas, drainage, water-works, public build-\\nings and institutions, churches, theatres, banks, insu-\\nrance companies, newspapers and stores.\\nNewark has recently closed with the East Jersey Water\\nCo. an important contract for the supply of pure water,\\nwhich will add greatly to the advantages Newark has to\\noffer as a place of residence. The Company has acquired\\nwater and water rights in the Pequannock water-shed\\nand on the Pequannock river and its tributaries, located\\nin the upper Passaic water-shed in the northern part of\\nNew Jersey. These have been acquired from the Lehigh\\nValley Railway Company, as lessee of the Morris Canal,\\nand from the Society for Establishing Useful Manufac-\\ntures and the Dundee Water Power and Land Co., its\\ncontract with the last two named giving it the perpetual\\nright to divert surplus waters from the Passaic river or\\nany of its tributaries.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER II.\\nBERGEN NECK.\\nSUBURBS OF JERSEY CITY\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Newark branch\\nof the Central Railroad of New Jersey cuts through Ber-\\ngen Neck, with stations at Lafayette, Arlington avenue,\\nJackson avenue and West Bergen. These are parts of\\nJersey City which have been made so accessible to New\\nYork by the Central Railroad of New Jersey that people\\ncan reach their places of business in the city more quick-\\nly than those residents of New York itself who live above\\nFifty-ninth street, and many others living below that\\nthoroughfare, who are off the line of the Elevated, or not\\nnear one of its stations. These suburbs are on the ridge\\nwhich is virtually an extension of the Palisades, and from\\ntheir high location they command superb views of New\\nYork Harbor and the city to the east and of Newark Bay\\nand Newark to the west. The Statue of Liberty has\\nbecome a familiar object to the dwellers on these heights,\\nfor it is visible from many points, and, though the tall\\nlady turns her back on Jersey, the torch she grasps\\nsheds its light on the shore of the stout little State which\\nsuffered so much in her cause. The bridge just beyond\\nthe Arlington avenue station is an excellent point from\\nwhich to obtain the full rear view of the statue. From the\\nwestern edge of the ridge, fine panoramas of Newark Bay,\\nNewark and the Oranges burst into view. Their beauty\\nis enhanced by the delicate green of numerous market\\ngardens, covering the slope from the ridge to the bay,\\nwhose broad, glistening expanse shreds out into creeks\\nand inlets which lose themselves among the sedges of", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "27\\nthe opposite shore. Over across the meadows are the\\nfactories whose smoke veils like a haze the busy city of\\nNewark, so that its outlines become blurred and it looks\\nlike a great forest of houses, above which the church\\nspires protrude as if they were the straight, tall mon-\\narchs of the woods, while in the distance the panorama\\nis completed by the green plateau of the Orange Moun-\\ntain.\\nAfter leaving Communipaw, the main stem of the\\nCentral Railroad of New Jersey continues along the\\nshore, through what is also a part of Jersey City,\\nstopping at Claremont, where there is a ground for trap\\nshooting, and at Greenville, which enjoys the same ad-\\nvantages of situation and transportation to New York\\nas those parts of Jersey City on the Newark branch.\\nThe next station is Pamrapo, which is part of Bayonne\\nCity.\\nBAYONNE CITY.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 This flourishing community in-\\ncludes Pamrapo, Bayonne, Centreville and Bergen\\nPoint. Excepting at Centreville, where Constable Hook\\njuts out with the enormous works of the Standard Oil\\nCo. and the seaboard refineries of Lombard, Ayres Co.,\\nBayonne City consists of residential and business streets.\\nWhile a city in its form of government and in the con-\\nveniences it affords, it wears the aspect of a charming\\nsuburb, most of the dwellings being surrounded with\\nample grounds, while its water-fronts on New York\\nHarbor, the Kill von Kull and Newark Bay offer every\\nfacility for aquatic sports. From the harbor-front the\\nyachtsman can speed down into the bay, up the rivers or\\naround Staten Island in fact, he has the choice of all\\nthe waters around New York. For rowing, canoeing\\nand sailing in small boats, Newark Bay, which spreads\\nout like a great lake, has long been a favorite sheet of\\nwater. The Argonautas and the New Jersey Athletic", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "28\\nAssociation have their boat-houses a little south of the\\nCentral s long bridge. Near by are the extensive base-\\nball and tennis grounds of the New Jersey Athletic Asso-\\nciation, which enjoys a large membership, drawn not\\nonly from the immediate vicinity, but from Jersey\\nCity and the towns along the line of the Jersey\\nCentral. Trains stop for members of the club, and, on\\ndays when games are played, all trains stop at Avenue\\nA station, near the grounds. This club adds greatly to\\nthe life of Bayonne City, and, with the amusements it\\naffords the young people who participate in the sports\\nand the older people who look on, is one of the chief\\nattractions of this suburb.\\nBergen Point proper has long been a favorite place of\\nresidence, so that, besides the modern houses, there are\\nmany old mansions, sheltered by ancient trees and\\nwith ample grounds relics of the days when land was\\nsold by the broad acre instead of by the front foot.\\nHistorical Incidents. The following historical in-\\ncidents are of interest to all residents of Bergen Neck.\\nCoiBmunipaw, where the Newark branch leaves the\\nmain line, is the oldest settlement on the New Jersey\\nshore of the Hudson. It is indebted for its name to\\nMichael Pauw, Burgomaster of Amsterdam and Lord of\\nAchtienhoven, near Utrecht, who obtained, July 12\\nand November 22, 1630, deeds from the Indians for a\\ntract which he called Pavonia, a Latinization of his name.\\nThe shore had then already great commercial value\\nbecause from there the Indians conveyed their peltry\\nacross to New Amsterdam. In the latter part of 1633 a\\nhouse was erected at Communipaw, and this was the\\nfirst actual settlement of which we have record. June\\n17, 1634, Jan Evertse Bout arrived in New Netherland\\nwith a commission from Pauw as his superintendent,\\nand took possession of the house at Communipaw. He", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "29\\nvaried the monotony of colonial life by falling in love\\nwith the daughter of a servitor, who returned his affec-\\ntion, thus causing such a scandalum magnatum\\n(Bout being a family man), that the Schout of New\\nAmsterdam crossed the river to remonstrate with him.\\nBut Bout flew into a passion, snapped his fingers in the\\nSchout s face, and called him een houd, een dief, een\\nschobbejak (a dog, a thief, a rascal), causing him to re-\\ntreat, thus establishing at a very early date the principle\\nof State sovereignty, for which New Jersey has always\\nstoutly contended. July 20, 1638, Pauw having sold his\\npurchase back to the New Amsterdam Company, Bout\\nleased the bouwerie for six years for one-quarter of\\nthe crops, afterwards receiving, as a gift, a patent for the\\nfarm, the place being called in the deed Gamoenepaen.\\nIn the early days of the Province, and especially\\nunder Keift s administration, troubles with the Indians\\nwere numerous and Communipaw suffered in common\\nwith the rest of Pavonia. In October, 1643. the Indians\\niaid waste the four bouweries in Pavonia, including\\nthat of Bout at Gamoenepaen, destroying the buildings\\nby stealthily creeping up to them through the bush and\\nfiring the roofs, which were of reeds or straw. So\\nthorough were they in their work of devastation, that\\nthe country from Tappan to the Highlands of Navesink\\nwas once more in the hands of the aborigines. Peace\\nwas not concluded until the spring of 1645. Then\\nBout sold his farm to Michael Jansen and Claes Comptab.\\nIn 1654 patents were issued for tracts between\\nGemoenepaen and the Kil van Kol, most of them in\\nwhat became afterwards known as Pembrepogh (Pam-\\nrapo). But the settlement of the country was soon\\nagain checked by another Indian uprising occasioned by\\na somewhat curious incident. Hendrick Van Dyck had\\nplanted with trees imported from Holland, a peach", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "30\\norchard on his farm in New Amsterdam, south of Trin-\\nity Church, between Broadway and North River. The\\nIndians found the fruit so delicious that they made\\nnightly raids. Finally, one night Van Dyck, who, gun\\nin hand, had stationed himself in the orchard, fired upon\\nthe first dim figure he saw scaling the fence. His\\nvictim was an Indian girl. The Indians avenged her\\ndeath chiefly upon the Pavonia settlements, and, except-\\ning the family of Michael Jansen of Communipaw, not a\\nman who did not seek refuge at New Amsterdam es-\\ncaped with his life.\\nOwing to the devastation wrought during this upris-\\ning of the aborigines, Stuyvesant, then Governor, pro-\\nmulgated an enactment to the effect that all isolated\\nsettlers should remove before the middle of April, 1660,\\nto the nearest village, so that the inhabitants could\\nquickly unite for common defence. Communipaw was\\nfortified in 1663, but meanwhile, in August, 1661, Stuy-\\nvesant granted permission for a settlement behind\\nCommunepah and on a convenient spot which may\\nbe defended with ease. The settlement was begun on\\nthe hill and called Bergen. It was laid out in a square,\\nthe sides of which were 800 feet long. It was surrounded\\nby a palisade, back of which was a street, and two streets\\ncrossed each other at right angles at the centre. Here\\nwas a public plot, and in its very centre a well was dug\\nwhich remained in use during part of the present cen-\\ntury, but was finally covered and a liberty-pole erected\\non the spot. This was taken down in the fall of 1870,\\nand all traces of the well destroyed when the square was\\npaved. The old land-mark might well have been re-\\ntained, its removal being evidence of a callous disregard\\nfor historic tradition that is almost unintelligible.\\nEarly in 1664 a log school house was built. In 1790\\nthe Columbia Academy was erected on the same lot, and", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "31\\ngave way in 1857 to the present structure. In 1663\\nalready the community had been taxed for church pur-\\nposes, and with the following year the records of the\\nDutch Reformed Church, the first church in the State,\\ncommence. The original building was of logs, in what\\nis now known as the old grave-yard. In 1680, an octag-\\nonal stone structure was put up. Around the wall were\\npews for the men, the women being accommodated with\\nchairs on the floor. The bell was tolled from the centre\\nof the church. This edifice was taken down and a new\\nchurch put up in 1773. It stood until 1841, when the\\npresent structure was erected. Until 1809 the records\\nwere kept in Dutch.\\nThe village passed quietly through the capture of New\\nAmsterdam by the British, its recapture by the Dutch\\nand subsequent cession to England and indeed, until\\nthe Revolution, nothing occured to ruffle its serenity.\\nEven during the Revolution it was not subjected to\\nmuch excitement. The Americans remained in posses-\\nsion of Bergen, which they had fortified, until Wash-\\nington, who had made it his headquarters, decided to\\nretreat to the Delaware. The British then moved in,\\nand named the works Port Delancey, in honor of the\\nWestchester Tory, Oliver Delancey. It was garrisoned\\nchiefly by Tory refugees, who made cowardly raids\\nthrough Bergen Neck. Washington and Lafayette\\nonce dined under an apple tree near the Bergen Square.\\nThe tree was blown down during a great gale, September\\n3, 1821. When Lafayette, while visiting this country\\nin 1824, passed through Bergen, he was presented with\\na cane made of wood from this tree. Bergen was con-\\nsolidated with Jersey City in 1870.\\nIn the latter part of 1660 the first road was laid out.\\nIt ran from Communipaw to Bergen over the present\\nCommunipaw avenue to Palisade avenue, thence north-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "32\\nerly along Palisade avenue to Academy street, thence\\nwesterly to the village.\\nWhile Fort Delancey was occupied by the Tory ref-\\nugees, the people of Bergen were permitted to take\\nprovisions over the river to New York, where they\\nwould purchase household articles and other necessa-\\nries for themselves. They usually made the trip by\\nway of Communipaw. The Tory refugees, scenting rich\\nand easy prey, would waylay them on their way\\nhome and rob them. In order that they might be\\non their guard against these marauders the people\\narranged a code of signals, using therefor the half doors\\nof a barn which stood just south of Communipaw avenue.\\nIf the upper half was open, it was a signal of safety if\\nclosed, it signified that the Tories were about. Then\\nthe people would remain on Ellis Island until the signal\\nof safety was given. The Tories, learning that the doors\\nwere in some way used as signals, endeavored one day\\nto lure some of the inhabitants ashore by means of false\\nsignaling. But, some of them maintaining that the open\\nupper half of the door meant safety while others held as\\nstoutly to the reverse opinion, the doors were opened and\\nshut so rapidly that the people, suspecting something was\\nwrong, remained on Ellis Island.\\nCommunipaw came in for a share of Irving s pleasant\\nraillery, he referring to it in his Knickerbocker\\nHistory as follows\\nIt is a well-known fact, which I can testify from my\\nown experience, that on a clear, still summer evening,\\nyou may hear, from the Battery of New York, the obstrep-\\nerous peals of broad-mouthed laughter of the Dutch\\nnegroes at Communipaw. The negroes\\ncarry on all the foreign trade, making frequent voy-\\nages to town in canoes loaded with oysters, buttermilk\\nand cabbages.\\nAs to the honest burghers of Communipaw, like wise\\nmen and sound philosophers, they never look beyond", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "33\\ntheir pipes, nor trouble their heads about any affairs out\\nof their immediate neighborhood so that they live in\\nprofound and enviable ignorance of all the troubles,\\nanxieties and revolutions of this distracted planet.\\nThey meet every Saturday afternoon, at the only tavern\\nin the place, which bears as a sign, a square-headed like-\\nness of the Prince of Orange, where they smoke a silent\\npipe, by way of promoting social conviviality, and\\ninvariably drink a mug of cider to the success of Admiral\\nVan Tromp, who they imagine is still sweeping the\\nBritish Channel, with a broom at his mast-head.\\nThe language likewise continues unadulterated by bar-\\nbarous innovations and so critically correct is the\\nvillage schoolmaster in his dialect, that his reading of a\\nLow Dutch psalm has much the same effect on the nerves\\nas the filing of a hand-saw.\\nAugust 24, 1780, Lafayette s light camp marched\\ntoward Bergen and the following morning appeared on\\nthe brow of the hill, east of the town, in full view of\\nthe enemy. The infantry foraged all the way down to\\nBergen Point, driving off cattle, loading wagons with\\ngrain and carting it away, leaving with the people cer-\\ntificates which might procure for them, at some\\nfuture day, compensation. There is, however, no evi-\\ndence that these Revolutionary I. 0. U. s were ever\\nhonored. The British were much taunted for having\\nallowed this foraging expedition to take place under\\ntheir very eyes. A satire in verse, supposed to have\\nbeen written by Susannah, daughter of Gov. Livingston,\\nappeared soon afterwards. Some of the characteristic\\nlines are\\nWe ve almost, sweet sister, been frightened to death,\\nNor have we as yet, quite recovered our breath.\\nAn army of rebels came down t other night,\\nExpecting, no doubt, that the British would fight.\\nNext morning we saw them parade at the Hook,\\nAnd thought to be sure this was too much to brook\\nThat soon would the river be covered with boats,\\nWith Hessians and English to cut all their throats", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "34\\nBut this was all vision, Tabitha, to me,\\nNot an officer came, so much as to tea.\\nThe Major himself, who has always some story\\nTo lessen the worth of American glory,\\nOr ashamed to be seen or else of the day,\\nWould not venture to cross me though just in the way\\nBut stopped, like one shot at, then whisked up a lane\\nI m sure the poor man felt a great deal of pain.\\nAt length came the night, overloaded with fears,\\nAnd shew d us on what we had leaned for five years.\\nThe men who had wished for occasions for blows,\\nNow suffered themselves to be pulled by the nose.\\nA ferry was established between Bergen Point and\\nStaten Island certainly as early as 1750, and probably\\nbefore. The old route to Philadelphia was via Bergen\\nPoint and Blazing Star (Staten Island) ferries, and South\\nAmboy. It took three days to reach Philadelphia,\\nthough the vehicle was called in the advertisements a\\nflying machine.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER HI.\\nELIZABETH\\nELIZABETH PORT.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 After leaving Bergen Point,\\nthe railroad crosses Newark Bay over a bridge nearly\\ntwo miles long, with a pivot-drawbridge of iron span-\\nning two openings of 75 feet each in the clear, and rest-\\ning upon a pier of solid masonry. The first stop after\\nNewark Bay has been crossed is Elizabethport, which\\noccupies the water-front of Elizabeth. Here is an im-\\nportant junction for Newark on the north and for the\\nJersey Coast and Pine resorts on the south. Several\\nrowing associations have their boat-houses at Elizabeth-\\nport. There are numerous manufacturing establish-\\nments already here, and the favorable location of the\\nplace, together with the facilities for transportation, are\\nconstantly attracting others. Conspicuous, from the cars,\\nis the large Singer sewing-machine factory.\\nELIZABETH.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Public and Semi-Public Buildings\\nand Institutions: City Hall, Elizabeth avenue, corner\\nof West Scott place; Court House, Broad street; Police\\nDepartment, City Hall (supra); Post Office, Arcade\\nBuilding, Broad and West Grand streets Elizabeth\\nGeneral Hospital, Jacques street, near Elizabeth avenue.\\nRailroad Stations: Central Railroad of New Jersey,\\nBroad street, for Newark, New York, the Coast and Pine\\nresorts, Lake Hopatcong, Budd s Lake and Schooley s\\nMountain Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington and\\nthe West, Spring street.\\nElizabeth Public Library and Reading -Room, 21\\nBroad street, has 5,000 books for circulation and about\\n500 for reference library and reading-rooms being free", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "36\\nto any resident of Elizabeth, over twelve years of age,\\nwho can secure a proper guarantee to an application\\ncard. The circulation averages about 100 daily, and\\nthe card-holders number 2,035, as against 1,519 last\\nyear. The institution depends for its support upon\\nvoluntary subscriptions.\\nFew places have lately made such rapid progress as\\nElizabeth. For a number of years this city staggered\\nunder a heavy debt, and, at one time, an attempt was\\nmade to levy on the City Hall and other public build-\\nings; but, now that the debt has been settled, the old\\ntown is enjoying an era of unprecedented prosperity.\\nIt is a charming place of residence, the rawness of\\nmodern development being softened by the mellow\\ntouch of historical association. Elizabeth is an old,\\neven an ancient, settlement for this country, for it was\\nthe third spot in New Jersey to be settled, and the first\\nby English-speaking people. When Gov. Philip Car-\\nteret made it, in 1665, the capital of the Province, there\\nwere only four log huts in the place. The Borough of\\nElizabeth Town was incorporated February 8, 1739; the\\nCity of Elizabeth was chartered March 4, 1863. Until\\ncomparatively recent years it was known as Elizabeth\\nTown, and Elizabethport as Elizabethtown Point.\\nHistory. Elizabeth was named in honor of the\\nwife of Sir George Carteret. She was a friend of Pepys,\\nwho speaks of het in his diary: She cries out of the vices\\nof the Court, and how they are going to set up plays\\nalready. She do much cry out upon these things, and\\nthat which she believes will undo the whole nation.\\nThe first white men to view the site of what is now\\nElizabeth, belonged to a little exploring party from\\nHudson s Half Moon, which September 3, 16l\u00c2\u00bb9, had\\nanchored in the Horse Shoe, Sandy Hook Bay. Sunday,\\nSeptember 6, John Coleman and four other men were\\nsent to explore the harbor. They proceeded as far as\\nNewark Bay. On their return trip Coleman was slain\\nby an arrow shot by an Indian in concealment.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2781", "width": "1699", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "37\\nLAND TITLES.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Elizabeth was settled by Long\\nIslanders who had previously emigrated from New\\nEngland. The settlement was effected October 28,\\n1664, under a patent from Governor Nicolls, the settlers\\npurchasing from the Indians, the final payment being\\nmade November 24, 1665. Carteret, who arrived in Au-\\ngust, 1665, confirmed the rights by which the settlers held\\ntheir lands. Nevertheless, this question of title became a\\nserious matter of dissension between the townspeople,\\nwho upheld their rights under the Nicolls Patent and\\ntheir purchase direct from the Indians, against the\\ngovernors sent out from England by the Proprietors; and\\nsubsequently, when the Proprietors had ceded their rights\\nto the Crown, even against those sent out under the\\nroyal authority itself. These contentions continued\\nuntil the Revolution, and did much to develop in the\\npeople of Elizabeth that love of liberty, and above all\\nof the right to manage their own affairs, independent of\\nany proprietary or royal governors, which made them\\nsuch staunch supporters of the Colonial cause during the\\nRevolution. Indeed, the transition from the civil strife\\nwith the representatives of the Crown to armed lesist-\\nance against the tyrannous edicts of the Crown itself\\nwas natural and easy. For, even during these civil dis-\\nsensions, the spirit of the people had found vent in\\nviolent means of redress, such as tearing down the\\nfences and destroying the property of those who had\\ntaken possession of land under deeds from the Proprie-\\ntors and, when the possessions of one of their sturdy\\nrepublican fellows were confiscated, because of his oppo-\\nsition to the proprietary governor, his associates stood by\\nhim to a man, and raised among themselves a sufficient\\nsum to indemnify him. Once these sturdy pioneers felt\\nimpelled by their love of local rights to unite in defend-\\ning them, even with the hated representative of the\\nProprietors. When New York sought to extend its\\njurisdiction over neighboring provinces, the people of\\nElizabeth rallied around the proprietary governor and\\nmade common cause with him against the aggressor.\\nFor then it was province against province; but, with the\\nfirst lull in the conflict, they showed themselves as ready\\nas ever to combat the pretensions of the Proprietors and\\ntheir representative. Such is an outline of the pre-\\nRevolutionary history of Elizabeth and its vicinity.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "38\\nThe numerous details of the struggle would hardly b\\nfound interesting to the general reader. Those who\\ndesire to go more fully into the subject will find it\\ntreated of at length in Hatfield s History of Elizabeth.\\nThe following scraps, which throw light upon life\\nin Elizabeth before the Revolution, are taken at random\\nfrom old records and newspapers\\nMay, 1666, a servant, Robert Graij, runs away from\\nLuke Watson, to whom he had bound himself for three\\nyears, and is advertised for as follows, the advertise-\\nment being entitled a Hue and Cry\\nHis name Robert graij an Englishman bornd,\\nabout 20 yeares of age, a lustij bodied portely fellow.\\nIt is supposed that he is in company with one\\nRuderic Powell, a pittifull fellow, who hath also ab-\\nsented himself e and runn away.\\nA whaling company was organized February 15,\\n1668-9. This company captured the whaie which came\\nashore in the cove on Sandy Hook, which since then has\\ngone by the name of Spermacetti Cove.\\nOctober 13, 1679, Jaspar Daukers and Peter Sluyter,\\ntravelers from Friesland, visited Elizabeth. They\\nlodged in a tavern at the Point kept by Frenchmen\\nbut there was nothing to be had there, except to warm\\nus, and they lay down to sleep upon a little hay be-\\nfore the fire.\\nJune 4, 1741. Daniel Harrison Sent in his account of\\nwood carted for Burning two Negros allowed Cury.\\n0.11.0.\\nFebruary 25, 174|. Joseph Heden acct. for wood to\\nBurn the Negros Mr. Farrand paid allowed. 0. 7. 0.\\nAllowed to Isaac Lyon 4 Currv. for a load of Wood to\\nburn the first Negro. 0. 4. 0.\\nDecember 24, 1744. An Indian Wench named Sarah,\\nabsented some time from her Master the Rev. Mr.\\nSimon Horton. She is a short thick\\nWench about 24 Years of Age, and has lost some of her\\nFore Teeth.\\nAugust 12, 1751. We hear from Elizabeth Town, that\\ntwo Women have been killed within these few Weeks\\npast, near that Place, by falling out of riding Chairs.\\nApril 27, 1752. A lively Parcel of Negro Boys and\\nGirls from 12 to 20 Years of Age, who have all had the", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "39\\nSmall Pox, To be sold by Cornelius Hetfield, in Elizabeth\\nTown.\\nSept. 19, 1763. Margaret Johnston (formerly the\\nWidow Chetwood), who for many Years, kept the Nag s\\nHead Tavern, near the Bridge in Elizabeth Town, begs\\nleave to inform her old Customers and Friends that she\\nnow keeps a Public House near said Bridgo in Elizabeth\\nTown.\\nElizabeth Town (in New Jersey), January 23, 1764.\\nLast Friday departed this life, Miss Mary Eldrington,\\nan old virgin, in the 109th year of her age. She was of\\nan ancient family, born at Eldrington-Hall, in North-\\numberland, Old England, and on the next day she was\\ndecently interred in St. John s Church-yard, at Eliza-\\nbeth. Town. It is remarkable, that, notwithstanding\\nher great age, she was very desirous of getting a husband\\nbefore she died; and not two years since, nothing could\\noffend her so highly as to tell her that she was too old\\nto be married. It will have been observed that this old\\nvirgin must have made a marvelously rapid journey\\nfrom Eldrington Hall, in Northumberland, Old Eng-\\nland, to Elizabeth Town, to be decently interred in\\nSt. John s Church-yard, in the latter place the day\\nafter she was born in the former.\\nELIZABETH DURING THE REVOLUTION.\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe spirit which the Stamp Act aroused in the people of\\nElizabeth is shown by the following extract from a news-\\npaper of the day\\nA large Gallows was erected in Elizabeth Town last\\nweek, with a Rope ready fixed thereto, and the Inhab-\\nitants there vow and declare that the first Person that\\neither distributes or takes out a Stamped Paper shall be\\nhung thereon without Judge or Jury.\\nAmong the inhabitants were such sturdy patriots as\\nWilliam Livingston, the Revolutionary Governor of\\nNew Jersey; Elias Boudinot and William Peartree\\nSmith. Commercial intercourse with Staten Island was\\nbroken off February 13. 1775, because its people had\\nmanifested an unfriendly disposition toward the liber-\\nties of America.\\nDuring the night of July 4, 1776, but a few hours\\nafter the adoption of the Declaration of Independence,\\na British armed sloop, having run up on Elizabethtown\\nPoint, was attacked from the shore with two twelve-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "40\\npounders, a great number of her men killed and the\\nvessel set on fire and destroyed. This was probably the\\nfirst military exploit of the new-born nation.\\nAbout the middle of December, 1776, the British made\\nElizabeth the base of operations against the militia camp\\nat Chatham, but the New Jersey militia, under Col.\\nFord, met the enemy at Springfield, and, in an hour s\\nattack, inflicted such damage that the British fell back\\nunder cover of night to Newark.\\nShortly afte Washington s successes at Trenton and\\nPrinceton, Gen. Maxwell, who commanded the militia,\\nmade a series of sorties from the Short Hills, had a suc-\\ncessful skirmish with the Hessians at Springfield, Jan-\\nuary 5, 1777, and, about January 16, marched toward\\nElizabeth, and took possession of the town, making\\nprisoners of detachments of Hessians and Highlanders\\nand capturing valuable stores.\\nDuring the latter part of the winter of 1779, a plan\\nwas devised by the British to capture Gov. Livingston s\\nand Maxwell s brigade, and an expedition under Lt.-Col.\\nStirling embarked for Elizabeth the night of February\\n24, 1780. The Governor, fortunately, was away, and\\nMaxwell, having been apprised by a fugitive of the\\nenemy s approach, had gathered his forces in the rear of\\nthe town. The British vented their chagrin by firing\\nthe Presbyterian Church and parsonage, the barracks\\nand the Academy. Maxwell having determined, by the\\nli^ht of the burning buildings, the strength and dispo-\\nsition of the enemy s forces, fell upon them and drove\\nthem back to their boats, one of which grounded and\\nwas captured with all on board.\\nWhen the campaign of 1780 opened, Washington was\\nencamped at Morristown, with posts thrown out as far\\nas the Short Hills. The English organized an expedi-\\ntion against Washington s camp, with Elizabeth as a\\nbase. At day-break, June 7, the enemy, 6,000 strong,\\nhaving landed from Staten Island, and led by Knyp-\\nhausen, who was confident that the superior numbers\\nand discipline of his troops would give him an easy\\nvictory, entered Elizabeth. An eye-witness describes\\nthe scene as one of the most beautiful he ever beheld.\\nIn the van rode a squadron of dragoons, of Simcoe s\\nregiment, known as the Queen s Rangers, with drawn\\nswords and glittering helmets, mounted on very large", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "41\\nand beautiful horses then followed the infantry, com-\\nposed of Hessians and English troops the whole body\\namounting to nearly six thousand men, and every man,\\nhorseman and foot, clad in new uniforms, complete in\\npanoply, and gorgeous with burnished brass and polished\\nsteel. The column proceeded along the Galloping Hill\\nroad, which leaves the Westfield road on the line of the\\nCentral Railroad of New Jersey, and, running north-\\nwest, enters Connecticut Farms, south of the Presbyte-\\nrian Church.\\nOn Prospect Hill, in the rear of Springfield, the\\nAmericans kept a lookout, who, on being notified of the\\nBritish advance, fired a signal with an 18-pounder and\\nlighted a tar barrel. The militia hastened to their\\nmustering places, and, by the time the British reached\\nConnecticut Farms, had a sufficient force to oppose\\ntheir progress. The vanguard, having been checked by a\\nparty of sixty militiamen, were driven back upon the\\nmain body. The Americans being afterward pushed\\nback toward Springfield, a stand was made at the bridge\\nover the Rahway, whence the enemy were repulsed so\\neffectually that Knyphausen retreated under cover of\\nnight to Elizabeth, first having burned Connecticut\\nFarms.\\nThus the British expedition which had marched that\\nmorning in such gorgeous array and so confident of\\nvictory from Elizabeth was thrown back by a hastily-\\nmustered, indifferently-equipped body of American\\nmilitia. Before the British retired they laid waste the\\nvillage of Connecticut Farms, one soldier brutally\\nshooting down Mrs. Caldwell, the wife of Rev. James\\nCaldwell, one of the most prominent Presbyterian cler-\\ngymen in the country. Among the losses sustained by\\nthe British was that of Gen. Stirling, who received at\\nthe outset of the action a severe wound, from which he\\ndied a year later.\\nPiqued by the defeat of so gorgeous an array of horse\\nand foot and flying artillery under Knyphausen, Sir\\nHenry Clinton, June 23, took oversight in person of a\\nsecond attempt to penetrate to Washington s camp from\\nElizabeth by way of Springfield and the Short Hills, with\\nsome 5,000 infantry, besides dragoons, and some 15 or 20\\npieces of artillery a force far superior to any which Wash-\\nington could muster. Connecticut Farms was reached", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "42\\nabout sunrise, after the American pickets had been driven\\nin. From this point the enemy proceeded in two columns,\\nthe right taking a somewhat more circuitous route on\\nthe north; the left the route leading direct from the\\nFarms over the Rahway River to Springfield. Mean-\\nwhile the report of the 18-pound signal gun was rever-\\nberating through the Short Hills and the yeomen militia\\nwas hastening to the aid of Greene s Continentals.\\nMajor Lee, with the horse and pickets under Capt.\\nWalker, supported by Col. Ogden s command, was\\nthrown forward to Little s Bridge on the Vauxhall road\\nCol. Dayton s regiment was entrusted with the defence\\nof the village; Col. Angell, with his regiment and one\\npiece of artillery, was posted at the bridge in front of\\nthe town, and Col. Shrieve at the second bridge\\nto cover Angell s retreat. The enemy s left column\\nspent the time which elapsed before the arrival of the\\nright in manceuvers which led Gen. Greene to expect a\\nflank movement. Hence, with his main body, he took\\nposition on the first range of hills back of Byram s tavern.\\nA portion of the enemy s right column having forded\\nthe stream, it was impossible for Lee with his inferior\\nnumbers to hold his ground. Angell and Shrieve were\\nalso forced back, but so obstinate was the stand made\\nby the Americans, and so severe the losses sustained by\\nthe enemy, that the latter lost heart, and, anticipating a\\nstill more obstinate defence from the forces posted on the\\nShort Hills, and learning that Washington had sent for-\\nward a brigade from Morristown, they fired the village,\\nand beat a hasty retreat to Elizabeth pursued by detach-\\nments of militia, who picked off a red-coat wherever a\\nchance offered, and so galled the flying British and\\nHessians that they crossed over to Staten Island, allow-\\ning the Americans to once more take possession of Eliza-\\nbeth. On the American side not more than a thousand\\nwere engaged in this action.\\nWhile the fight at the bridge defended by Col Angell\\nwas at its hottest, the Americans found that their wads\\nwere giving out. Thereupon Chaplain Caldwell, whose\\nwife had been so barbarously murdered at Connecticut\\nFarms, as related above, rushed over to the church, and,\\nreturning with an armful of hymn-books, scattered them\\namong the soldiers, shouting as he did so Now boys,\\ngive em Watts", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "43\\nBret Harte has made this episode the subject of a\\nhighly dramatic poem, from which the following lines\\nare quoted\\nThey were left in the lurch\\nFor the want of more wadding. He ran to the church,\\nBroke the door, stripped the pews, and dashed out in\\nthe road\\nWith his arms full of hymn-books, and threw down his\\nload\\nAt their feet Then above all the shouting and shots\\nRang his voice Put Watts into em boys, give em\\nWatts!\\nThe conflicts at Springfield were small affairs even\\nwhen compared with other battles of the Revolution,\\nand, as far as numbers and casualties are concerned, they\\ndwindle to insignificant skirmishes in comparison with\\nthe battles of modern warfare. Yet we may well feel\\nproud that the wave of crimson and gold which twice\\nswept over the plain from Elizabeth was twice broken\\nby the little force of Continentals and militia which\\nstood firm as a rock upon the hills at Springfield.\\nCHURCH HISTORY.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 As in Newark, the oldest\\nchurch in Elizabeth is the First Presbyterian. Mention\\nis made as early as June, 1671, of a town-house.\\nThis, like the meeting-house at Newark, doubtless\\nserved also as the Presbyterian lace of worship. The\\nlot included the present burying-ground of the First\\nPresbyterian Church, and the town-house occupied part\\nof the site of the present church. Graves were some-\\ntimes dug in the church, and, as the present building\\nextends over what were portions of the burying-ground,\\nthe structure doubtless shelters the remains of several\\ngenerations of the early settlers. No description of the\\nfirst building remains. The church was burned down\\nby the British the night of Tuesday, January 25, 1780.\\nServices were held in a store-house until the autumn of\\n1785, when the new building was sufficiently near com-\\npletion for occupancy. It was dedicated about January\\n1, 1786, and completed in 1791 or 17-98.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "44\\nThough the church never played so prominent a part\\nin the political affairs of Elizabeth as the Old First\\nof Newark did in those of that city, it is, historically,\\nthe most important structure in Elizabeth.\\nA curious figure in the early history of the church was\\nRev. John Harriman, who was called in September, 1687.\\nBesides preaching, he ran a mill, a cider-press, was an\\nagent for the sale of glass, dealt in real estate and ne-\\ngroes, was a surveyor and kept horses to let.\\nRev. Jonathan Dickinson, who became pastor in Sep-\\ntember, 1709, became the first President of Princeton\\nCollege, which was founded upon his classical school in\\nElizabeth, October 22, 1746 {supra, p. 10). His head-\\nstone may be seen in the Presbyterian burying-ground.\\nThe Revolutionary pastor of the church was Rev.\\nJames Caldwell, whose wife was murdered by a British\\nsoldier at Connecticut Farms (p. 41, supra), and who\\nsupplied the Americans at Springfield with hymn-books\\nfor gun-wads, when, at a critical point in the battle, the\\nlatter were giving out. He was born at Cub Creek, Va.,\\nin April, 1734, graduated from the College of New\\nJersey (Princeton) m 174/), and became pastor at Eliza-\\nbeth in 1762. In April, 1776, he was chaplain of Col.\\nDayton s regiment, which had been quartered in the\\ntown. At various times he acted also as Assistant-Com-\\nmissary General. During the year 1778 he resided in\\nSpringfield, but in 1779 he removed to Connecticut\\nFarms, so as to be nearer his people. He sometimes\\npreached with his pistols lying on each side of him on\\nthe pulpit and sentinels on guard. He met his death in\\nas tragic a manner as did his wife. On November 24,\\n1781, he was shot down, at Elizabeth Town Point, by an\\nAmerican soldier named Morgan. Caldwell had inter-\\nfered in behalf of Miss Beulah Murray, who had arrived\\nfrom New York, and whom the sentinel wished to detain", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "f^fc.^^ 7", "height": "2771", "width": "1638", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "45\\nuntil he had searched a bundle which she had tied up\\nin a handkerchief. It is thought that the soldier had\\nbeen bribed by the British to commit the act on the first\\nfavorable opportunity that offered. Morgan was hung\\nfor the crime, at Westfield, January 29, 1782.\\nCaldwell was buried beside his wife. A monument\\nwas erected over their remains, November 24, 1845, by a\\njoint committee of the First Presbyterian Church and\\nthe Cincinnati of New Jersey.\\nThe church stands on Broad street, between Murray\\nstreet and Rahway avenue, forming, with the deeply-\\nshaded grave-yard which spreads out in the rear, a rest-\\nful break in the busiest thoroughfare of the city. In\\nthe rear wall are the headstones of two of Gov. Car-\\nteret s step-children, Samuel Lawrence (died August 16,\\n1687) and Thomas Lawrence (died October 26, 1687), the\\nGovernor s wife having been the widow of Capt. Wm.\\nLawrence, of Tew s Neck, L. I. These are the most\\nancient headstones in the cemetery. Between them,\\nand, like them, of brown stone, is the Caldwell memorial.\\nIt might have been supposed that the virtues of Mrs.\\nCaldwell and her tragic death would have preserved her\\nmemory from the exploits of the epitaph fiend. On the\\ncontrary, however, he seems to have had more license\\ngiven him than usual, the following being the result of\\nhis mortuary throes:\\nSacred to the memory of the Rev. James Caldwell\\nand Hannah his wife, who fell victims to their country s\\ncause in the years 1780 and 1781. He was the zealous and\\nfaithful pastor of the Presbyterian Church in this Town,\\nwhere, by his evangelical labors in the Gospel vineyard,\\nand his early attachment to the civil liberties of his\\ncountry, he has left in the hearts of his people a better\\nmonument than brass or marble.\\nStop, Passenger\\nHere also lie the remains of a woman, who exhibited to\\nthe world a bright constellation of the female virtues.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "46\\nOn that memorable day, never to be forgotten, when a\\nBritish foe invaded this fair village, and fired even the\\ntemple of the Deity, this peaceful daughter of Heaven\\nretired to her hallowed apartment, imploring Heaven for\\nthe pardon of her enemies. In that sacred moment, she\\nwas, by the bloody hand of a British ruffian, dispatched,\\nlike her divine Redeemer, through a path of blood, to\\nher long wished for native skies.\\nIn addition to the First, there are six other Presbyte-\\nrian churches. St. John s Episcopal Church, the oldest\\nof that denomination in Elizabeth, is next in age to the\\nFirst Presbyterian. It was founded by Rev. John\\nBrooke, an Englishman and probably a graduate of\\nEmanuel College, Cambridge, in 1700, obtaining his\\nMaster s degree in 1704. During the fall and winter\\n1705-1706, he preached at the house of a Col. Townley.\\nAfterwards he was allowed to hold service in the Presbyte-\\nrian Church, provided that he would not read the service of\\nthe Common Prayer Book. This prohibition he dodged\\nby committing the service to memory. On St. John the\\nBaptist s Day, he laid the foundation of a brick church\\nSt. John s which he describes as 50 feet long, 30 feet\\nwide, and 21 feet high, with 9 windows. The history of\\nthe church is that of a natural and prosperous develop-\\nment.\\nBesides St. John s, there are three Protestant Episco-\\npal churches.\\nSoon after the Revolution, the town was visited by\\ntraveling Methodist preachers. Asbury preached Sep-\\ntember 6, 1785, in the yet unfinished Presbyterian Church,\\nand soon afterwards a society was formed. There are\\nnow five churches of this denomination.\\nThere are 5 Baptist, 1 Congregational, 1 ^German\\nLutheran, 5 Roman Catholic churches, 1 Jewish syna-\\ngogue, and 8 missions in Elizabeth.\\nMODERN ELIZABETH.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The historical incidents", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "47\\nrelated above have left traces in the Elizabeth of to-day.\\nIt wears the gentle aspect of mellow old age, which no new\\nsettlement can put on, no matter how vigorous an attempt\\nit makes with Queen Anne and Colonial architecture,\\nstained shingles, and andirons or spinning-wheels, ac-\\nquired, like Major General Stanley s ancestors in the\\nPirates of Penzance, by purchase. Elizabeth has the\\nripe color of genuine antiquity but not the decaying\\nlook of senility. The old First Presbyterian Church\\nstructure, a relic of the last century, still re-echoes with\\nvigorous preaching; the mansion of New Jersey s\\nRevolutionary Governor, William Livingston, is occu-\\npied by his descendants, whose head is the grandson of\\nSusan Livingston, who married a Kean and, on his death,\\nthe Polish patriot and author, Count Julian Ursin\\nNiemcewitcz, after whom the manor was named Ursino.\\nYet with all these delightful historical associations there\\nis an abundance of modern enterprise; while the ancient\\nelms cast their soft shadows over the whole, causing the\\ntransition from the old to the new to seem less abrupt\\nthan elsewhere. The changes are taking place behind\\nthe veil of many traditions which, like the gauze cur-\\ntains of a theatre, make the new scene seem less garish\\nthan if the lights shone full upon it. The elms are a\\ngrand feature ot the city. Streets which might other-\\nwise be uninteresting levels, are converted by them into\\ncolonnades of gray-ribbed columns, with arches of deep,\\ndark green, in penetrating which the heat of summer\\nloses much of its intensity. On either side are spacious\\nmansions, in broad, well-kept grounds, while all around\\nthe old part of the city are new streets of residences.\\nElizabeth offers all the conveniences of city life.\\nBroad street, from the station to the First Presbyterian\\nChurch, is a fine business thoroughfare; and in the busi-\\nness and professional life of the place there is a felicitous", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "48\\nmingling of old Elizabeth Town with new Elizabeth.\\nThe old families do not allow the new-comers to do all\\nthe humping. They are active participants in the\\nearnest, well-directed and successful efforts of the city\\nto place itself abreast with the times. Public improve-\\nments are being made as rapidly as possible. The\\nwooden pavements, which proved as disastrous to Eliza-\\nbeth as the wooden horse did to ancient Troy (a large\\nportion of the debt that acted as a clog on the city s\\nprogress was contracted for these pavements), are being\\nreplaced with stone, and soon, no doubt, Elizabeth will\\noccupy the position to which she is entitled by virtue of\\nher traditions as the old capital of the province, her\\nfacilities of transportation and her advantages of loca-\\ntion, which should draw many manufacturing interests\\nto her, and make the city as great a distributing center\\nfor her section of New Jersey as Newark is for hers.\\nNEW JERSEY JOCKEY CLUB.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 One of the best\\nmile tracks in New Jersey is that of the New Jersey\\nJockey Club, located within the corporate limits of the\\ncity of Elizabeth. It is about fifteen minutes walk from\\nthe Union Depot, and about ten minutes from the\\nSpring Street Station of the Central Railroad of New\\nJersey. The property of the Club, which includes 135\\nacres, is directly back of North Elizabeth and on the\\nedge of the meadows fronting on Newark Bay. The\\ntrack, already a good one, was built under the personal\\nsupervision of an expert, who also gave his attention to\\nthe erection of the Grand Stand, Club House, betting-\\nshed, stables and other buildings. The stand is a sub-\\nstantial structure, w.ith a seating capacity of about 3,000;\\nit is a single floor, with restaurant, bar and toilet-rooms\\nunderneath. The elevation, however, is ample, not only\\ngiving a view of all that occurs on the track, but also\\nacross both the meadows and the Bav. The foundation", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "49\\nof the track is composed of peat and gravel, with a top\\ndressing of sandy loam, procured at Great Island, about\\nthree-quarters of a mile distant from the track. The\\nisland is the property of the Central Railroad Company\\nof New Jersey, who purchased it on account of the fine\\nquality of the sand. It can hardly be excelled for track\\npurposes by any similar pit in the State.\\nThe Central Railroad Company of New Jersey has built\\na special branch directly to the rear of the stand, leaving\\nthe Elizabeth and Newark Branch near Great Island.\\nThe direct route is from the Liberty Street Ferry, by the\\nNewark branch of the Central Railroad of New Jersey,\\nand the trip is made every race day by half a dozen\\nspecial trains of twelve and fifteen cars, in about twenty-\\nfive minutes.\\nMr. Michael F. Dwyer (the younger of the Dwyer\\nBrothers) is President of the Club, and the originator of\\nthe enterprise. Mr. H. D. Mclntyre is the Secretary.\\nRacing on this fine track began October 16, 1889.\\nIt was at first intended to have two autumn meet-\\nings, to end about November 18th, and two spring\\nmeetings, to b^gin about April 15th and end May 14th.\\nBut after the middle of November, it is expected that\\nthere will be racing on three days each week Mondays,\\nWednesdays and Fridays, as long as the weather per-\\nmits.\\nWASHINGTON INAUGURATION CENTENNIAL.\\nAn interesting event in our country s history was com-\\nmemorated in Elizabeth when, April 29, 1889, President\\nHarrison passed through the city on his way to the\\nWashington Inauguration Centennial Celebration in\\nNew York. On the 23d of April, one hundred years\\nbefore, Washington was received by the people of Eliza-\\nbeth Town, partook of a repast at the residence of Elias\\nBoudinot, and then drove to Elizabeth Town Point,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "50\\nwhere, after reviewing the New Jersey troops, he em-\\nbarked for New York, his inauguration taking place\\nApril 30, 1789. President Harrison, Vice-President\\nMorton, and their party, breakfasted at Gov. Green s\\nhouse, and then reviewed a parade of militia, veterans,\\nFreemasons, men attired as Revolutionary soldiers, and\\nfloats on which were scenes commemorating scenes\\npeculiar to the life of our patriot fathers. The Presi-\\ndent and his party then proceeded to the point of em-\\nbarkation for New York, passing under the living\\narch, so called because its outlines were truly embel-\\nlished with young girls chosen for their grace and beauty.\\nThese were dressed in white, carried banners emblematic\\nof the States and Territories, and showered rosebuds\\nand blossoms upon the President s carriage. Of all the\\nfeatures of the celebration, here and at New York, this\\nliving arch, with the youth and beauty of the Eliza-\\nbeth of to-day adorning a memorial of the Elizabeth\\nTown of our ancestors, is said to have most charmed\\nthe President.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2917", "width": "1840", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "1044\\n881\\nM IE\\na-i Ro$tieu8^\\n106,\\nIJAU\\nwdehingl\\nIVfllUy\\nBfookxideC I 4^\\n98lJJ--^r-\\n583\\nCbxner I\\no\\n*c\\n719\\n7,\\n4fr\\n1. Nfjfv Verit\\n375 y hefritiltia.\\n675\\nP\\n837 s] Log(JJurn,lj u\\nBe^ai dsvillaW^T 77 t\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i? X T\\n\\\\_jo30^y\\\\ YBasking Ridge 1\\nif A M\\n388\\n,x\\n360\\nX\\nWl\\n^Liberty, Cower f\\nvj^\\nICE\\nit*\\nPlMcdml/i v T\\n440*\\n4/\u00c2\u00a3 Beuiet\\nF Wlrt0tO\u00c2\u00ab\\n5 7\\n^r T\\nk^\\n^J*\\nx^^^/^r So u t]\\n_^ /Someryille^T,\\nJ\\n109\\\\\\\\\\n4g\u00c2\u00bb /;27 7^*^\\nEng by S .zjens Morris, New York.", "height": "2932", "width": "1895", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IV.\\nFrom the Kills to the Delaware.\\nAt Elizabethport, the main stem of the Central Rail-\\nroad of New Jersey leaves salt water and crosses the\\nState through fertile plains and picturesque mountain\\npasses to the Delaware.\\nAfter a stop at El Mora, a suburb of Elizabeth,\\nRoselle, the first of a long line of attractive suburban\\nsettlements, is reached.\\nROSELLE. Roselle has no history, but if it cannot\\nboast an interesting past it has a charming present. It\\nis a lovely little village with broad level streets, the trees\\nspreading their boughs so as to form a leafy arch over-\\nhead. The grounds around the station are prettily laid\\nout, and at the head of the grass plot on the south side\\nof the track is a tall flag staff, which has the honor ol\\nbeing marked on the maps of the State Geological Survey.\\nRoselle enjoys the advantage of the local rapid transit\\nservice on the Newark and Elizabeth branch of the\\nCentral Railroad of New Jersey, in addition to the New\\nYork trains.\\nAbout a mile south of Roselle is Wheat Sheaf, a cluster\\nof houses which includes the old Wheat Sheaf Inn. It\\nstood in Revolutionary days, and Washington and Lafay-\\nette are said to have dined there.\\nCRANFORD.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Like Roselle, Cranford has developed\\nfrom a farming settlement into a place of suburban resi-\\ndence. Since building operations have been under way\\non a concerted plan, the place has been steadily growing.\\nA portion of the village, with lots sloping down to the", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "52\\nRah way River, has been drained and sewered, and there\\nhouses are let as fast as they can be built. The Rahway\\nRiver, which winds its way in the deep shade of the trees\\nwhich fairly line its banks, has been dammed by the\\nCranford River Association and been made navigable\\nfor some three miles, and there are now about eighty row-\\nboats and canoes and one steam-launch on the river.\\nRegattas and boat parades are among the enjoyments at\\nthe disposal of Cranford residents. Of a moonlight night\\nthe 4 Rahway River is a most romantic stream. The\\nmoonbeams, piercing the foliage of the leafy arch, are\\nshredded out over the placid water, while now and then\\na star is seen peeping through some break in the foliage.\\nWESTFIELD.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 This is an old settlement. It dates\\nfrom 1720, and the Presbyterian Church whose graceful\\nwhite spire, piercing the foliage in which Westfield is\\nembowered, is a prominent feature of the views to be\\nhad from the Watchung Mountain from 1730. Life was\\nquite primitive in those early days. The men made plows\\nwith wooden shares; pretty much every man was his\\nown tanner, and the women spun all the clothing. A\\nsinging-teacher advertised singing-lessons at $1.00 for\\nthirty nights or $2.00 a quarter, subscribers to find\\ntheir own wood and candles the Squallinis and the\\nKatzenheulers might have found Americans in those\\ndays as willing, but hardly as lucrative victims as now.\\nEarly in this century, life in Westfield was rendered\\nmore joyful by the Stage House, which was noted for\\nits flip. This pre-Raphaelite beverage, besides gladden-\\ning the soul of Westfield s population, gave the house a\\nreputation among the haute volee of New York and Phil-\\nadelphia who traveled this way. As the stage rattled\\nup to the hostelry of a winter morning, the door of the\\nhouse was thrown open, emitting the crackle and sheen\\nof the logs that blazed on the huge open hearth, while ir t", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2781", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "w\\no\\nw\\nw\\nB\\nO\\na\\no\\no", "height": "2771", "width": "1714", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "53\\nthe door-way stood the host, old Charley Oilman, the\\nbrass buttons on whose blue coat were not more shiny\\nthan his rubicund face. When the benumbed passengers\\nhad gathered around the hearth, a quart jug for each was\\nnearly filled with malt-beer, sweetened, and brought to\\na foam with a red-hot poker. With a half-pint of rum\\npoured in and nutmeg grated on the foam, the flip was\\nready.\\nWestfield to-day is a thriving, progressive place. Broad\\nstreet is a bustling business thoroughfare, with shops of\\nall kinds. The older streets are spanned by the boughs of\\ngrand old trees, and the spacious grounds which sur-\\nround the ample dwellings are cool and shady. The\\nnewer streets have rows of pretty, modern houses. The\\nground here begins to be rolling, for it is nearer the foot\\nof Watchung Mountain than the places already spoken\\nof. There are slight elevations on either side of the\\nrailroad; and from the southerly height one has a pretty\\nview over the town, almost hidden among the trees,\\nalong Watchung Mountain and across the broad break\\nin this ridge of trap at Millburn, to the softly wooded\\nslope of its continuation at Wyoming. The surrounding\\ncountry is rolling and picturesque sweeps of meadow-\\nland broken up by thickets and clumps of trees, the\\ngreens ranging from the light verdure of grasses and\\nbushes to the rich, deep tones of the woods. A similar\\nview of Watchung and the lands along its base, is had\\nfrom the rise of ground north of the railroad on which\\nthe old church stands. Here, too, is the ancient grave-\\nyard with its many venerable, lichen-specked headstones.\\nA little more than two miles northeast of Westfield is\\nthe hamlet of Branch Mills, where a pretty lake, Echo,\\nhas been formed by damming Normahiggin (Clear\\nStream) Brook. There is good bass-fishing in the lake.\\nAlong the mill-stream was an Indian burying-ground.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "54\\nOn Watchung Mountain, two miles north of West-\\nfield, is Baltus Roll, a clearing with a few cottages, named\\nafter an old man who many years ago was murdered there\\nin his hut. From this clearing one has a view across the\\nplain to New York Bay; the Statue of Liberty, the\\nBridge, and other prominent points being easily dis-\\ncernible. The panorama is almost as grand as that from\\nWashington Rock (p. 58).\\nFANWOOD. Here is the station for Scotch Plains,\\na settlement founded by Scots in 1684. The Baptist\\nChurch, dating from 1742, was the parent of the first\\nBaptist Church in New York. The pretty little village\\nnestles in the bosom of Watchung. Fan wood itself, is\\na park-like place of residences among beautifully laid\\nout grounds and has an air of elegance and refinement.\\nIt boasts a fine club-house with bowling-alleys, billiard-\\nroom, etc. Taken all in all, Fanwood is a little gem.\\nIn the valley beyond the notch at Scotch Plains, is\\nFeltville, once romantically known as the Deserted\\nVillage, because, when the factory there ceased opera-\\ntions, it and the dwellings about it were vacated. It is\\nnow a pretty place of residence called Glenside. Fan-\\nwood is the nearest station to it. Feltville Lake is a\\nvery pretty sheet of water.\\nNETHER WOOD.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 This is also a park, with a number\\nof attractive residences and several large villas. In ad-\\ndition, however, it has the most spacious and best kept\\nhotel in Central New Jersey the Netherwood, a\\nlarge brick building, with tiled floors, rooms of ample\\ndimensions, and a broad, lofty piazza, which affords a\\npleasant promenade in the cool of the evening. Being\\nwithin forty-five minutes of New York, it enjoys an un-\\nusually long season, and is a spring and fall, as well as\\na summer resort for New York business men and their\\nfamilies, generally opening about May 1st, and not clos-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "do\\ning until October 1st or even well into that month, ac-\\ncording to the state of the weather. It is a clean,\\nroomy, comfortable hotel, with a plain but excellent\\ntable, and for its rates ($2.00-$3.00 a day for tran-\\nsients, with reductions for those remaining a week or\\nlonger) furnishing extraordinarily good accommodations.\\nThe Netherwood is one of the few hotels near New\\nYork open during the spring and fall, and, as we are\\nbeginning to appreciate more and more the charms of\\ncountry life during blossom-month, when all Nature is\\nin an ecstatic tremor and also during September and\\nOctober, when Autumn flings a mantle of yellow and\\ncrimson over mountain and plain and on no mountain\\nis she more lavish with her colors than on Watch ung,\\nwhich glows ali day long like a slice of sunset.cut from\\nthe previous evening s sky Netherwood should become\\nas much of a resort in spring and autumn as it is in\\nsummer. Indeed, it is a question if, with a toboggan\\nslide and an artificial sheet of ice for skating, it could\\nnot be made a winter resort, especially as the mountain\\nmust somewhat protect the place from the blasts of the\\nnorthwest winds.\\nDRIVES. The roads for miles around Netherwood\\nare macadamized, and kept in excellent condition. A\\nfavorite drive is over the Johnston road, which ascends\\nWatchung through the notch at Scotch Plains and then\\nproceeds over the mountain, affording glimpses of the\\ngrand expanse of plain through the foliage until it\\ndescends into the pass back of Plainfleld, a short distance\\nbelow Wetumpka Falls. These falls are well worth a visit,\\nas they dash picturesquely over a rocky declivity, espec-\\nially after a heavy rain. They somewhat resemble But-\\ntermilk Falls, near Bound Brook (see illustration, p.\\n63). Driving along Stony Brook toward Plainfleld,\\nthere is another pretty fall formed by a mill-dam (see", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "56\\nillustration, p. 57). Instead of taking the Johnston road\\none can continue through the notch to Feltville or\\nGlenside (p. 54). The return from Glenside can be\\nby way of Baltus Roll (p. 54). Often the drive to\\nGlenside is extended on to Summit, and the return\\nmade through Springfield (p. 41), a route of about\\ntwenty miles. To Railway, seven miles, and to New\\nBrunswick, ten miles, are also pleasant drives. A pic-\\nturesque way of reaching New Brunswick, is to drive to\\nBound Brook, and then along the Raritan, returning\\nthe usual way (twenty-five miles). A very pretty circuit\\ncan be made by way of New Brooklyn and New Market\\nponds, through Dunellen to Washington Rock ^pp.\\n58, Gl), continuing north and east through Washington-\\nville, in the pass back of Plainfield, which is reached\\nby way of Wetumpka Falls (fourteen miles). This drive\\nenables one to see the chief points of interest in this\\ndistrict. It should be taken on a clear afternoon, in\\norder that the wonderful panorama from Washington\\nRock may be seen at its best (pp. 58 and 61, and\\nillustration p. 61). Other points of interest are Chim-\\nney Rock and Buttermilk Falls, near Bound Brook (see\\npp. 62 and 63).\\nCarriage Hire. Single team $1.00, double team $2.00\\nper hour; saddle horse, $3.00 for morning or afternoon\\nboard, $30.00 a month.\\nPLAINFIELD.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plainfield is one of the vigorously\\nprogressive places in New Jersey. It seems to enjoy\\ncontinued prosperity. In 1860 it had a population of\\n3,224 its population now numbers 13,000. Since 1870\\nits valuation has risen from $3,102,295 to $5,712,115.\\nIt lies in the corner of three counties. Plainfield\\nproper is part of Union, North Plainfield of Somerset\\nand South Plainfield of Middlesex. North Plainfield is\\nlocally called the Borough, but, practically, it and", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "*J\\nOLD friends meeting-house.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "hBHMIMI^B^M^^B B f w l fc iBi l Mt i lMB", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "57\\nPlainfield form one place. Every resident of Plainfield\\nknows, however, that politically they are separate. For,\\nwhen the city votes dry, the borough offers a place of\\nrefuge to those socially inclined, who can, from the\\nnorthern bank of Green Brook, bid defiance to the re-\\nformers on the southern bank. The brook, though a\\nnarrow dividing-line topographically, is a very broad one\\npolitically.\\nPlainfield boasts a number of large manufacturing\\nestablishments, including machine-tool works, printing-\\npress, clothing, air-pump and oil-cloth factories, foun-\\ndries and grist-mills and it has several streets devoted\\nto business of every variety. In its factories and stores it\\nis a city, noi differing in its aspect from other flourish-\\ning cities of the same population but over the plain to\\nthe south is a broad band of residential streets, and\\ntoward Watchung on the north are many fine country\\nplaces.\\nPlainfield probably owes its prosperity equally to its\\nbusiness enterprise and its charms as a place of resi-\\ndence. To begin with, it is a very healthful spot. The\\nair is decidedly beneficial in pulmonary complaints.\\nOne of the highest New York authorities on those\\ndiseases has advised patients to go either to Colorado\\nor Plainfield, speaking of Plainfield as the Colo-\\nrado of the East. It may be said to drain itself,\\nfor its soil is sand and gravel, so that this whole district\\ncan be likened to a huge patent filter. The roads are\\ndry almost before it has stopped raining. There seems\\nto be a steady flow of water under Plainfield from north\\nto south. The matter was tested by pouring kerosene\\ninto a well in North Plainfield, and in due time the\\ntaste of the oil was communicated to several wells in\\nthe southerly part of the city. The residential part\\nof Plainfield south of the railroad (which, by the way,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "58\\nis elevated) is beautifully laid out. The streets run\\nin broad avenues, shaded by superb trees, with lines of\\nfine residences and ample, well-kept grounds on either\\nside. Closely-trimmed lawns, flower-beds and shrubs\\nvary the level expanse. This part of the city seems\\nto have been developed as a whole, and with the one\\npurpose of making it unsurpassed for spaciousness and\\nbeauty, a result which has certainly been attained. On\\nthe mountain side, north of the railroad, are a large\\nnumber of handsome residences and extensive country\\nplaces, that of Mr. John Taylor Johnston, formerly\\nPresident of the Central Railroad Company of New\\nJersey, being considered one of the finest.\\nSome of the grandest sites for residences, within a rea-\\nsonable distance of New York, are on Watchung Moun-\\ntain; but this fact does not seem to have been appreciated\\nhere as it has been at Orange, for instance, where along\\nthe top of the Orange Mountain (a continuation of\\nWatchung) is a series of beautiful country places.\\nWatchung Mountain is not broken up in peaks. Its top\\nis a broad plateau. Wherever there is a break in the\\nwoods along its southern edge, as at Baltus Roll, near\\nWestfield, at points on the Johnston drive, near Plain-\\nfield, and at Washington Rock, near Dunellen, one s\\nvision is fairly astounded by the superb panorama, which\\ngives a sweeping view across the plain to the Highlands\\nof Navesink, Staten Island, New York Harbor, with the\\nStatue of Liberty, Brooklyn Bridge and other prominent\\npoints, while in the foreground and middle distance are\\nthe tree-embowered towns and villages of the level land,\\nwhich stretches out at one s feet, for a distance of some\\ntwenty miles. By thinning out the trees a little on the\\nsoutherly edge and slope of Watchung, one could have\\na series of residence sites extending from Baltus Roll to\\nBound Brook, for twelve miles, each of which would", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "59\\ncommand a view equal to that to be had from Washing-\\nton Rock a view famous all the country round.\\nPlainfield offers other attractions as a place of resi-\\ndence besides location and careful topographical devel-\\nopment. Socially and intellectually it is a prominent\\nlocality. It has in the Job Male Library and Art\\nGallery, Park avenue and Eighth street, a public insti-\\ntution which cannot fail to stimulate intellectual and\\nartistic tastes. Here, besides a fine collection of books\\nand of paintings by well-known foreign and native\\nartists, is the Schoonmaker collection of porcelains and\\ncloisonne, the rare pieces of the latter outnumbering\\nthose to be seen in any museum in Europe or America.\\nIn few places outside of the great cities can one have, as\\nin Plainfield, a Sang-de-boeuf crackle vase for a near\\nneighbor, or be on a footing of intimacy with a cloisonne\\njardiniere.\\nBesides a number of excellent private schools, Plain-\\nfield has public schools which have elicited warm praise\\nfrom the State authorities. The buildings are named\\nthe Washington, Franklin, Irving, Stillman and Bryant;\\nthe last, on East Sixth street, near Richmond, being\\nwell known and much admired in educational circles.\\nThe Chautauqua University also has its headquarters\\nat Plainfield.\\nThere is an unusually good base-ball club, the Cres-\\ncents, a large bicycle club, a flourishing bowling club,\\nan amateur photographic association, whose members\\nturn out excellent work, lawn tennis and athletic clubs,\\nand a driving association with a driving park at Avon.\\nThere is quite a large German element in Plainfield, and\\nthe list of clubs would be incomplete without mention\\nof the Turners, Saengers and Schuetzen.\\nPlainfield has 4 Presbyterian, 4 Episcopal, 3 Baptist,\\n2 Congregational, 1 Seventh-Day Baptist, 1 Methodist-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "60\\nEpiscopal, 1 Hicksite, 1 Friends and 2 Roman Catholic\\nchurches; and a Bethel Mission for colored people. The\\nYoung Men s Christian Association also has a flourishing\\nbranch. Muhlenberg Hospital is on Fourth street.\\nThere are fifty miles of macadamized roads around\\nPlainfield. Drives and rates of carriage hire will be\\nfound under Netherwood (p. 56).\\nPlainfield has such a vigorous, interesting present\\nthat it is difficult to realize its existence in any previous\\nundeveloped state; and, indeed, though its history runs\\nback over two centuries, there are few facts of note to\\nchronicle. It was settled in 1684, the pioneers being\\nThomas Gordon, John Forbes, John Barclay and Robert\\nFullerton. The first frame house was put up in 1735;\\nthe first school-house (Front and Peace streets) in 1760;\\nthe first grist-mill in the same year on the upper mill-\\npond, being removed in 1790 to Somerset street, where,\\non the north bank of Green Brook, a barn is pointed out\\nas the old building; the Friends Meeting-House, which\\nstill stands in a shady nook on Peace street, in 1788; the\\nfirst factory (hat) in 1808, when a post office was also\\nestablished. Plainfield Township was created in 1846,\\nand Plainfield became a city in I860.\\nDUNELLEN. Grant avenue and Evona are suburbs\\nof Plainfield. Dunellen is named after Edward Dun-\\nham, of New Market, about a mile south of the railroad.\\nAbout the year 1700, Dunham reproved some one for\\nlaboring on Sunday. Asked for his authority, he searched\\nthe Scriptures and became convinced that Sunday was not\\nthe Bible Sabbath. He founded a Seventh-Day Baptist\\ncongregation, which still exists, their first church having\\nbeen built in 1736. On Saturday the church bell sum-\\nmons the worshippers, and business in New Market is\\nsuspended until Sunday, when it is resumed with vigor.\\nNew Market is a pleasant annex to Dunellen. There is", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "Si -fi **7K\\n-ii-*\\n2M3\\nf~,\\nK t\\ni \u00c2\u00bb3r \u00c2\u00a31\\nL\\nIf", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "Jllii", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "61\\ngood fishing in the little pond (Spring Lake), which is\\nconnected with that at New Brooklyn by a stream deep\\nenough for row-boats.\\nThere are at Dunellen a number of pretty residences.\\nOn the grounds of one of these is a genuine English\\nbowling-green. Two interesting features of the place\\nare Washington Rock and the ancient-looking Runyon\\nHouse, which is passed on the way to the Rock.\\nWashington Rock is an immense trap boulder on the\\nsoutherly edge of Watchung, commanding a superb\\npanoramic view across the plain to the coast, which is\\ndescribed, p. 58.\\nIn the spring of 1777, and the winter of 78-79, when\\nWashington s army was at Bound Brook and the enemy\\nat New Brunswick, a look-out was kept from the Rock,\\nwhich commands a view of New Brunswick and the\\nintervening country, so that Washington could be kept\\ninformed of every movement made by the British. He\\nhimself surveyed the country from this rock, a circum-\\nstance to which, of course, it owes its name.\\nBOUND BROOK.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 So many trains pull in and out of\\nBound Brook daily as to make it an important railroad\\ncenter. From here the fast Philadelphia, Baltimore,\\nand Washington express trains dash southward over the\\nPhiladelphia and Reading track, and, on their return,\\nrush toward New York at a rate of speed which brings\\nBound Brook within forty-five minutes of the city. With\\nits railroads, the Raritan Canal, and the Raritan River,\\nit is small wonder that the town has taken on new life.\\nIt is delightfully situated, the rfrer offering facilities\\nfor boating and fishing, while but a mile from the station\\nis our old friend Watchung, with an inviting slope for\\nresidences. The growth of the place within the last decade\\nhas been conservative but steady, among those settling\\nthere being men of substantial means who have identi-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "G2\\nfied themselves with the place by aiding in developing\\nits industrial resources not simply residing there and\\ngoing to New York to business, but establishing manu-\\nfactories, so that there are now at Bound Brook woolen\\nmills, brass works, and pump, paint, and car-heater and\\nventilator factories. There are water-works, and, though\\nthe place drains naturally to the river, several streets have\\nalready been sewered and the system is to be extended.\\nLike Rip Van Winkle, the town has at last awakened,\\nbut, unlike Rip, appears rejuvenated after its long sleep.\\nA prominent feature of the landscape around Bound\\nBrook is a trap boulder on the east side of the entrance\\nto the notch which leads into Washington Valley.\\nFrom its peculiar shape it is called Chimney Rock, and,\\nas it is painted white, it is conspicuous from many\\npoints. One can drive to the little cluster of houses and\\nto the excursion grounds at the foot of the mountain,\\nabout one and a half miles north from Bound Brook,\\nbut, to reach the rock itself, it is necessary to ascend a\\nsteep and stony path. The view, however, up toward\\nthe valley, well repays the climb. The road curves\\naround the foot of Round Top on the opposite side, and\\nthen disappears in the gorge whose winding course is\\nmarked out by the furrow in the soft green with which\\nthe mountain slopes on either side are bedecked. In\\nthe distance beyond this verdure are the blue hills of\\nMorris County.\\nAfter descending from Chimney Rock, it is worth\\nwhile to ascend Round Top. For from here one can\\nlook up the gorge and see Middle Brook dashing over\\ntrie boulders at Buttermilk Falls and then rushing over\\nits rocky bed through the notch into the plain, where\\nit meanders tranquilly through the rich meadowland\\nuntil its waters, having swelled the stream of Bound\\nBrook, flow into the Ran tan,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "c\u00c2\u00a3~", "height": "2766", "width": "1663", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "63\\nFrom the path at the foot of Chimney Rock a trail\\nleads to Buttermilk Falls. Here, when it has been rain-\\ning sufficiently to cause a free overflow from the reservoir\\nabove, the water plunges over a wall of solid trap into a\\nrocky basin, dashes in and out among boulders, frothing\\nand foaming, as though with anger that anything should\\ndare to check its course, and then rushes on with wild\\nabandon through the gorge. With the wall of trap the\\nsides of the basin form a horse-shoe, seemingly hewn\\nout of solid rock by some titanic graver of pre-historic\\ndays.\\nRevolutionary Memories. Bound Brook is rich in\\nRevolutionary memories. After Washington s master-\\nful strategy in crossing the Delaware and turning a\\nretreat into victory at Princeton and Trenton, he\\nmarched, January 4, 1777, northward, crossed the Bar-\\nitan and encamped at Somerset Court House (now Mill-\\nstone), resuming his march the next day to Pluckamin,\\nwhere- he halted two days. There died Capt. Leslie, a\\nBritish officer, mortally wounded at Princeton. A plain\\nmonument marks his grave. From Pluckamin the\\narmy went into winter quarters at Morristown.\\nThe following spring (May 28th) Washington moved\\nhis headquarters to the Heights at Middlebrook\\nBound B ook in order to be within striking distance of\\nthe enemy at New Brunswick. A force under Gen.\\nLincoln had already been stationed there in April. His\\nheadquarters were in the only two-story house the vil-\\nlage could boast. The location of Washington s forces\\nwas on the right of the road through the gorge in which\\nChimney Rock is situated, just where it rises up from\\nthe bed of the little stream to the level of Washington s\\nValley. All approaches were strongly guarded. Huts\\nfor the officers were built east of the rock at the edge of\\nthe woods. A redoubt commanding the bridge north of\\nthe railroad crossing was thrown up at Bound Brook,\\nto check an attack from the direction of New Brunswick.\\nOn the apex of the Round Top, on the left of the Chim-\\nney Rock gorge, was a rude hut which Washington\\nfrequented during those anxious months, while on the\\neast side of the gorge and fronting the plain, was Wash-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "64\\nington s Rock, both good points of lookout. June 13th\\nthe British moved from New Brunswick to Somerset Court\\nHouse, and lay there till the 19th, when, finding that\\nWashington could not be lured from his almost impreg-\\nnable position, they returned to New Brunswick, which\\nwas evacuated June 22d, the enemy retreating to Amboy.\\nWashington then moved down to Quibbletown (New\\nMarket). Howe, learning of this, made a sudden retro-\\ngrade movement; but, being met at every cross-road by\\nsmall bodies of militia, who made all the resistance in their\\npower, his manceuvers were checked and delayed until\\nWashington became informed of them, and moved back\\nto his former strong position. The British again turned\\non their weary inarch toward Amboy, harassed flank\\nand rear by Scott s Light Horse and Morgan s Rangers.\\nIn December, the year following, a large portion of\\nWashington s army went into winter quarters at Bound\\nBrook. The artillery, under Knox, was posted in earth-\\nworks the remains of which may still be seen near Mar-\\ntinsville, in Washington Valley; Washington and his\\nwife occupied, until June, 1779, the Caleb Miller house\\nat Somerville, where it may still be seen; and Baron\\nSteuben s headquarters, the Abraham Staats house at\\nBlooniington, near Bound Brook, is still standing.\\nFebruary 18th Knox gave a ball, supper, and a display of\\nfireworks at Pluckamin, in honor of the anniversary of\\nthe alliance with France. Late in April a review and\\nparade were held in honor of Mr. Gerard, the French\\nminister, and Don Juan de Miralles, an unofficial agent\\nof Spain. After the military display Washington, his\\ngenerals and the foreign guests were entertained by\\nSteuben at dinner, the table being spread under the\\ntrees in front of the baron s headquarters.*\\nThe Staats house, where Steuben had his headquarters,\\nis one of the most interesting relics of the Revolution.\\nFor, as it has remained in the possession of descendents\\nof the family, it still presents much the same appear-\\nance as in 1778- 79. Though it has been added to, the\\nexterior of the old portion is entirely unchanged, and\\nthe interior is filled from parlor to garret with old\\nfurniture and china, which the family have taken great\\npride in preserving. The house, a long, rambling\\nSee The Story of an Old Farm, by A. D. Mellick, Jr.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2806", "width": "1693", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "65\\nwhite building, stands on what is now the Latourette\\nfarm, on the south bank of tiie Raritan. A lane leads\\nfrom the road to the grounds, shaded by trees under\\nwhich, in the spring of 1779, Steuben entertained Wash-\\nington and his Generals at dinner. The present parlor*\\nis the old dining-room. Here are chairs which were in\\nthe house during the Revolution, and china and glass-\\nware in a deep, quaintly arched closet with doors shaped\\nlike church windows among the glasses being one\\nwhich Washington drank from, while the whole table\\nservice, table and chairs must have been used by\\nSteuben and his guests, one of whom doubtless Wash-\\nington often was. There are also several pieces of old\\nchina on the mantle over the fire-place, among them\\nstatuettes of Minerva and Milton, which, with many\\nother articles of fine ware, were buried near the house by\\na New Brunswick merchant, who feared the British\\nwould loot his store and who, when he dug up his stock,\\npresented these statuettes to the Staats. The portraits\\nof the old couple kind-looking souls hang on the\\nparlor wall. While a modern range has been placed in\\nthe kitchen, the grand old fire-place has not been bricked\\nup, and there still hangs the old crane, huge enough to\\nserve as a derrick. On the landing of one of the six\\nflights of stairs, leading from the ground floor to the\\nsecond story, is an old clock. Many of the bedsteads\\nhave high posterns. Among the furniture is a chair\\nwhich, it is claimed, was in the Mayflower. Five gen-\\nerations of the family have been born in this house.\\nAnother interesting building is the old Fisher tavern\\nat Middle Brook, which is virtually part of Bound Brook.\\nIt stands at the railroad crossing just south of the tracks.\\nIt was a tavern during the Revolution and is still one,\\nbeing kept, and well too, by a grand-niece of the Revolu-\\ntionary proprietor. It is alow, dun-colored house, directly\\non the street, with a quaintly slatted well at its western\\nend. The low ceiling of the tap-room is indented by\\nbayonet points and gun muzzles; and in the room above\\nthe first Masonic lodge in the United States was organized.\\nOn the road to Finderne, on an elevation back of the\\nmill, north of the railroad crossing, there stands among\\ntall pines a long, low, ramshackle structure, known as\\nthe Van Horn house. During the Revolution this was\\noccupied by the Herberts, who rejoiced in five pretty and", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "6G\\nengaging daughters. Old Herbert kept open house for\\nfriend and foe alike, his hospitality to British officers\\nat times bringing down upon him the contempt of his\\npatriotic neighbors. But, by the end of the war, his\\ndaughters were, between officers of the two armies, not\\nonly engaging but engaged, a state of affairs as satis-\\nfactory to the hospitable father as to the young ladies\\nthemselves. Whether the marriages were three to two\\nin favor of the American forces, or whether the enemy\\ncarried off the larger share of the fair booty, history un-\\nfortunately does not record. For Washington s head-\\nquarters, see pp. 67, 68.\\nS0MERV1LLE.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 At Finderne, a station between\\nBound Brook and Soraerville, are several large stock-\\nfarms, the country throughout this section affording ex-\\ncellent pasturage. During Washington s winter en-\\ncampment General and Mrs, Greene resided at the Van\\nVeghten house, a brick structure erected early in the\\nlast century, on the llaritan, a short distance southwest\\nof the Finderne railway station. A brigade was en-\\ncamped near by. Major Henry Lee, Light Horse\\nHarry, was quartered at the Herbert house and it was\\nprobably during this encampment he first met Mrs.\\nGeneral Greene, at whose house he died (four years after\\nher own death), and by whose side he lies buried, in a\\nlittle coquina-walied graveyard hidden in the depths of\\nan olive grove and surrounded by tropical fruits and\\nflowers.* Soraerville is the county-seat of Somerset,\\nand is the trading center of a large agricultural dis-\\ntrict. When a Soraerville citizen wishes to especially\\nemphasize his unwillingness to perform some act, he\\nasseverates that he wouldn t do it for a farm. This\\nis a great horse-breeding country, being well watered,\\nand clothed with a mantle of soft, succulent grass, a\\npretty feature of the landscape being the Raritan River.\\n*See The Story of an Old Farm, by A. D, Mellick, Jr.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "BUTTERMILK FALLS.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "G7\\nThe conversation around the stoves in the various hostel-\\nries turns upon horses. The men either have been to\\nsee a horse or are going to see one the next day; and a\\nquaint old farmer remarked, as a long funeral passed the\\nhotel, that, if the mourners had turned out for the\\ndeceased s gelding who d well nigh gotten down to 2.18\\njust before he broke down and had to be shot, instead\\nof for the deceased himself, he could ha understood it\\nbelter. If the talk drifts back to old staging days, as\\nit is sure to do, you hear of the driver, living still in\\nhale and hearty old age, who would beat the rival stage,\\nno matter how many horses he d kill; who once drove\\nsixteen horses from Elizabeth to Newark on a wager, and\\nwho of a winter night would harness up eight horses to\\na sleigh and take the young folks for a spin over the\\ncrisp, moonlit snow.\\nEarly in October the Somerset County Fair attracts\\npeople from all over the surrounding country to Somer-\\nville, and horse-talk is somewhat varied with pumpkin\\nand butter lore.\\nThere are excellent stores in Somerville, first-rate\\nschools, and many pretty dwellings; and, with its\\ncharming location, among rolling meadowland watered\\nby rills from the hills to the north and by the Raritan,\\nit forms a fitting terminus to the chain of delightful\\ncities, towns and villages, which the suburban system of\\nthe Central Railroad of New Jersey links together.\\nFrom Somerville a branch railroad runs through a rich\\nagricultural district to Fleinington, which is to Hunter-\\ndon County what Somerville is to Somerset. The inter-\\nmediate stations are Roycefield, Flagtown, Neshanic,\\nWoodfern, and Three Bridges.\\nWhile the American army was in camp at Bound\\nBrook, Washington had his headquarters at a house in\\nSomerville, now known as the Caleb Miller house. It", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "08\\nis a plain white clap-boarded dwelling, with a porch\\nsupported by two old-fashioned fluted columns. It\\nhas a large square hall overlooked by a long gallery\\nformed by the landing of the staircase. The only Revolu-\\ntionary relic is in the room which Washington and his\\nwife occupied. This is a fire-place framed with tiles on\\nwhich Biblical scenes are depicted in blue and white.\\nRARITAN. A short distance above here the North\\nand South Branches of the Raritan unite, and the river\\nis tapped by a water-power company, which supplies\\nsome half a dozen manufactories. These are flourishing\\nand give some indication of the future prosperity of the\\nplace. The brick house on the north bank of the Raritan\\nwas built long before the Revolution, but, while most\\ncharmingly old-fashioned outside, the interior has been\\ncompletely stripped of everything old. A debtor, who\\nwas hounded by creditors, once occupied this house. He\\nhad painted on the outside of the doors of four of the\\nupstairs rooms respectively New York, Boston,\\nPhiladelphia and Washington, and, when a cred-\\nitor called, he would be informed that the man he\\nwanted to see was in New York, or another of the\\nplaces mentioned according to the room in which he had\\nsecreted himself.\\nSimcoe s Raid. Simcoe s raid, one of the most dashing\\nexploits of the Revolution on the British side, extended\\nas far as Raritan. It was daringly conceived and bril-\\nliantly executed almost to the end, when it was over-\\ntaken by disaster. Simcoe s force consisted chiefly of\\nAmerican Tories, known as the Queen s Rangers.\\nOctober 26, 1779, the party landed at Elizabeth/ The\\nobject was to proceed swiftly to Van Veghten s bridge,\\nover the Raritan near Finderne, there to destroy the\\nflat-boats left by Washington; to make a circuit around\\nNew Brunswick, then show themselves to the Americans,\\nand fall back toward South River Bridge where troops\\nunder Major Armstrong lay in ambush, ready to capture", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2917", "width": "1810", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "69\\nthe pursuing Americans. In order to avoid having the\\nAmericans at New Brunswick receive notice of the raid\\nSimcoe s men, being accoutred similarly to Lee s Legion,\\npretended that they belonged to the American army and\\nwere in pursuit of a party of Tories. They were so daring\\nas to stop at a Continental forage depot, assume the\\ncharacter of Lee s cavalry, wake up the commissary\\nabout midnight, draw the customary allowance for for-\\nage, and give the usual vouchers.\\nA country lad, deceived by this ruse, led the party to\\none of Washington s old camps at Bound Brook, but\\nSimcoe found it impracticable to burn the huts. At\\nVan Veghten s bridge they set fire to and destroyed\\neighteen boats, burned the old Dutch meeting-house\\nbuilt in 1721 at Raritan, and the Somerset County Court\\nHouse. But in manceuvering to make a circle around\\nNew Brunswick, they missed the particular cross-road\\nSimcoe had planned to take. The country having mean-\\nwhile become alarmed, small detachments of militia\\nwere hovering around him. One of these detachments\\nformed an ambuscade near DeMott s tavern, two miles\\nwest of New Brunswick, and firing upon the Rangers,\\nkilled Simcoe s horse, made a prisoner of Simcoe himself\\nand dispersed his followers.\\nRARITAN TO PHILLIPSBURG\u00e2\u0080\u0094 From Raritan\\nto Phillipsburg the settlements have few interests other\\nthan local. The country, however, becomes more moun-\\ntainous and the scenery more romantic and picturesque.\\nThe stations are at North Branch, White House, Leb-\\nanon, Annandale, Clinton, High Bridge, Glen Gardner,\\nJunction, Asbury, Valley, Bloomsburv and Springtown.\\nAt White House the railroad commands a view of\\nCushetunk mountain, south-west of the tracks, and runs\\nalong its northeastern base to Lebanon. This is a curi-\\nous ridge, shaped like an oval dish with a deep depres-\\nsion between the sides, completely closed except to the\\nwest, where, however, two hills nearly complete the cir-\\ncuit. This mountain incloses a nest of pretty farms in\\nwhat is aptly named Round Valley.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "TO\\nThe whole outward slope of Cushetunk offers fine\\nopportunities for country residence, especially for gen-\\ntlemen stock-farmers, as they can have their pastures on\\nthe rolling meadows, and their residences on the raoun-\\ntaii. bide.\\nFrom White House the Rockaway Valley Railroad\\nconnects with the Jersey Central, opening up a section\\nrich in lime. About half a mile west of the station and\\na little north of the railroad is a stone house, bearing\\ndate 1757, and the initials C. V. H. This was built by\\na German redemptioner, one of the white slaves\\nof New Jersey, who bound themselves for a certain\\nnumber of years to whoever paid their passage money.\\nThe vicinity of Annandale (Clinton) is also rich in\\nlime.\\nAt High Bridge the North Branch of the Raritan\\ndescends from German Valley through a gorge, which,\\nfor wild beauty, has not its equal within the same dis-\\ntance of New York, nor perhaps for many miles further\\naround the city. Excepting Lake Ilopatcong, it is prob-\\nably the most romantic feature of the inland landscape\\nof New Jersey. It is so strikingly beautiful that the rail-\\nroad company at one time intended to lay out excursion\\ngrounds through the glen, but finally decided upon Lake\\nHopatcong as more desirable. The High Bridge branch\\nof the Central Railroad of New Jersey ascends to the\\nlevel of German Valley through this gorge.\\nThe river furnishes fine water-power at High Bridge.\\nSince 1758 it has been utilized in the Taylor Iron Works.\\nHere cannon balls were cast for the American army dur-\\ning the Revolution, and carted to Trenton, New Bruns-\\nwick and Philadelphia. Part of the Taylor mansion\\nwas built in 1725. One of the rooms was occupied, dur-\\ning the Revolution, by John Penn, the last Colonial\\nGovernor of Pennsylvania, and his Attorney-General,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "Chew. The manufacture of plumbago is extensively\\ncarried on here.\\nBetween High Bridge and Glen Gardner is another\\nstretch of picturesque country, the railroad looking down\\non its southerly side upon a glen through which the\\nlittle stream of Spruce Run speeds on its way towards\\nthe North Branch of the Raritan. At Junction connec-\\ntion is made with the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western\\nRailroad. A short distance above Junction the railroad\\nswings into the lovely Musconetcong Valley and passes\\nthrough Asbury, Valley, Blooinsbury and Springtown\\nto Phillipsburg. About a mile below Bloomsbury, in\\nthe bed of the Musconetcong, is Butler s Hole, said to\\nbe sixty feet deep. In a huge boulder opposite are\\nseveral mould-like depressions. There is a tradition that\\nhere Spanish buccaneers melted their ill-gotten spoils\\ninto ingots, which they hid in the bottom of the river.\\nPhillipsburg was named after the Indian King Philip.\\nIt is beautifully situated on the east shore of the Dela-\\nware. Here was a favorite fishing-ground of the Indians.\\nMount Lebanon and Reese s Rock (Mount Parnassus),\\ncommand superb views of the river.\\nFor a long time Phillipsburg was a struggling suburb\\nof Easton, but, since it has become a focal point for\\nseveral important railroads, which penetrate into the\\ncoal and iron fields of Pennsylvania, it has become a\\nflourishing place of manufacture, especially in iron.\\nFrom here the Central Railroad of New Jersey crosses\\nto Easton, entering there on its Pennsylvania division,\\nwhich leads to Bethlehem, Allentown, Siegfried, Mauch\\nChunk, Wilkesbarre, Scranton and Tamaqua the rich\\ncoal and iron fields of Pennsylvania.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER V.\\nSCHOOLEY S MOUNTAIN.\\nFrom High Bridge the Central Railroad of New Jersey\\nsends a spur to the north into the very heart of the\\nmining section of New Jersey. Ascending the beau-\\ntiful gorge of the North Branch of the Raritan River,\\nit enters German Valley, which lies between School\\ney s Mountain and the Chester Hills. This is a rich\\nagricultural district and especially devoted to peach-\\ngrowing. From the first station, Califon, 150,000\\nbaskets of peaches are shipped every season. On the\\nmountain side much hard wood for wagons and interiors\\nis cut, portable saw mills being used; and a wall on one\\nof the finest places on Rumson Neck is built of granite\\nfrom one of the several rich quarries reached by this\\nbranch. There are also extensive lime quarries in the\\nvalley, especially at Vernoy, the second stop. At Mid-\\ndle Valley are several large creameries. From German\\nValley a branch runs to Chester and Haeklebarney, the\\nformer the center of a large peach-growing district, the\\nlatter a mining settlement, the mine machinery being-\\nworked by water power.\\nCHESTER.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The village of Chester was formerly\\ncalled Black River, after a tributary of the North Branch\\nof the Raritan. Under the reign of Queen Anne, about\\n1713, this tract was settled by emigrants from Long\\nIsland, among whom were the ancestors of Lincoln s\\nSecretary of State, Wm. H. Seward. Tradition confers\\nspecial distinction upon one Deacon Fairclo as the\\nfather of twenty-one children the climate is still as\\ninvigorating as it was in those days.\\nAt the time of the first settlement there were no turn-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2922", "width": "1856", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "r\\ng-denshufg-b\\n1124\\nT\\nmtK Holland/ IIT A\\nv P Wallace\\\\ m\\n(\u00e2\u0080\u00a2X GDEN ifo 6 Corny\\ny i ^/944%\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a00\\nClinl07i\\ny /I l A\\n1300\\n1252\\nWoodpotfe-\\nW\\nMiUm\\n195 ft 1151\\nX\\nMbo^ing green y ^\\\\/0^\\\\ ^py\\nWei don\\nmountain y v\\nC X\\nTipper v o\\nLong wood/ ^?S o\\nDpnncrurk\\nS fr/ J/y f Hil/Sfni\\nLa K e \u00c2\u00a3//flMdlJForgk O\\n\\\\Berk k WvW jy ?V G\\nf. pW\\n903\\nille\\n77 7\\n)0W RooAton\\nM..\\ni\\nU\\n77^2 y k?,\\nVqlttis jr i\\ny^ffiqnklin j^ ^fc\\nto\\n983\\n709\\n]1025\\nfrofda\\nQ,\\nium\\nA^Y Jlalapardu\\nI t\\\\tX.A%^- C^J-b 493 J A i0 t,", "height": "2972", "width": "1871", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "73\\npikes, the travel being by bridle paths ever the hills\\nthrough dense woods. As late as 1768, Rev. William\\nWoodhull, who opened a school which was attended,\\namong others, by Mahlon Dickerson, who became Secre-\\ntary of the Navy under Jackson, entered Black River\\non horse-back with his wife and child riding behind him.\\nAs early as 1745 and 1747 respectively, a Presbyterian\\nand a Congregational Church were erected, the first\\npastor of the former being Rev. Samuel Harcour, who,\\n.for doctrinal errors, was deposed from the ministry in\\n1763, the case being cited by Hodge as an interesting\\nillustration of early Presbyterian rigor.\\nThe hills about Chester are rich in deposits of mag-\\nnetic iron ore which, being low in phosphorus, is valu-\\nable for the manufacture of Bessemer steel. The forge\\nat Hacklebarney has been in operation for more than a\\ncentury.\\nFrom German Valley, Schooley s Mountain (p. 76)\\nis reached by stage. German Valley was settled by\\nexiles from Saxony. When Frederic August, Elec-\\ntor of Saxony, renounced Protestantism in 1697, many\\nof his subjects removed to Neuwied, Prussia; thence to\\nHolland: and in 1707 to America. The vessel s course\\nwas laid for New York, but adverse winds drove it into\\nDelaware Bay. The emigrants reached Philadelphia and\\nstarted for New York, but impressed with the fertility of\\nGerman Valley they remained there. The Lutheran\\nChurch has existed since 174o. In the old church there\\nwas originally -no fire-place nor chimney, just a hole in\\nthe roof, the fire being made on the floor, and in murky\\nweather the congregation had difficulty in determining\\nwhether it was suffering more from the long sermon, or\\nfrom the smoke which filled the building.\\nIn the North Branch of the Raritan, near Naughright,\\nthere is fine trout fishing. At Bartley s are a well-\\nknown manufacturer of turbine wheels and a saw mill;\\nand also good creameries. Fire sand is found in abun-\\ndance at Flanders and Cary s. This is used in puddling-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "74\\nfurnaces because, as it is infusible, it catches the scrap.\\nFrom Drakesville the railroad traverses the plains of\\nSuccasunna to Kenvil, where there is an important dyna-\\nmite factory, which does business as far west as the\\nRockies; another establishment of the company sup-\\nplying the Pacific Coas e\\nOn the mountains, on either side of the German Val-\\nley, there is excellent quail and partridge shooting.\\nAt Flanders, which is the station for Budd s Lake\\n(p. 86), and a good trout stream comes down Schooley s\\nMountain.\\nv At Kenvil there is a junction for Lake Hopatcong and\\nthe Ogden Mine Railroad and for Port Oram, Dover and\\nRockaway, where connection is made with the Hibernia\\nMine Railroad; while, between Kenvil and Lake Hopat-\\ncong, connection is made with the Morris County and\\nGreen Pond Mine Railroad for Lake Denmark, Green\\nPond, and the Mount Hope Mines. Denmark is a pretty\\nsheet of water among the mountains, and Green Pond\\nboasts one of the nobler features among the Highlands.\\nThe mountain seems to have been cleft in two, one side\\nthrown over to the east, while to the west there re-\\nmained standing a sheer, high wall of trap rock, three\\nmiles long, and at- points almost as grand as the\\nPalisades of the Hudson.\\nPort Oram is a recent settlement, dating back only to\\n18G8. It is actively engnged in raining and manufactur-\\ning. The famous Richard Mine yields 05 per cent, of\\nmetallic iron, which runs in a vein sixteen feet broad.\\nThere is also a silk-mill where silk mufflers are made.\\nDover is the center of the mining district. It also\\nmanufactures mining machinery, which is shipped all the\\nway to Colorado. Silk-mills are also in operation there.\\nIt is on the Rockaway River, which supplies fine water-\\npower. On the site of Dover there were already in 1722", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "75\\na forge and several dwellings. A Quaker meeting-house\\nstood there in 1748 or even earlier.\\nAt Rockaway there are a foundry, a factory for rock-\\ncrushers, stampers and separators, and also knitting-\\nmilk. The places named, besides being flourishing\\nmanufacturing localities, are pleasantly situated for\\nresidence.\\nThe iron industry of Morris County dates back into\\nthe seventeenth century, at least by implication. In\\n1714, the tract embracing the Dickerson Mine was\\ntaken up because of its minerals from the proprietors\\nof West Jersey by John Reading: and tradition affirms\\nthat previous to that date, probably as far back as the\\nlatter part of the preceding century, there were forges\\nill operation, whose owners helped themselves to the ore\\nwithout stint or charge. Indian arrow-heads and\\nutensils made of iron, show that the aborigines under-\\nstood its uses, and they had given the name Succasunna,\\nmeaning black or heavy stone, to a district near\\nthe mine where the village of Succasunna still flourishes.\\nThe first forge of which we have somewhat exact\\nknowledge was built in 1710, at Whippany, whither the\\nore was brought from the Succasunna district in leather\\nbags on horse-back.\\nOn what is still called Jackson s Brook, in Dover, a\\nforge was built by John Jackson in 1722, other forges\\nhaving meanwhile started up at Morristown. This Dover\\nforge, or the Quaker Iron Works, as it is called in a\\ndeed of 1743, became in 1761 the property of Josiah\\nBeman. About 1730 a forge was built at Rockaway by\\nJacob Ford, who subsequently built also at Mt. Pleasant\\nand Denmark, and at what became known as Middle\\nForge, half-way between these two. The Rockaway\\nforge still exists.\\nWeldon Forge was built about 1800 by Moses Hopping;\\nHurd Forge by Daniel and Joseph Hurd about 1795.\\nThere were also forges on the North Branch of the\\nRaritan, near Budd s Lake, Bartley s and Flanders, but\\nthey have long since gone to decay.\\nThe Dover Iron Company is the third oldest slitting or\\nrolling-mill erected in Morris County. Between 1749\\nand the ^breaking out of the Revolution, there was a", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "76\\nprohibitory act of Parliament. Nevertheless, about 1770,\\nDavid Ogden began carrying on slitting in secret at Old\\nBoonton, the works being underneath a grist mill. Gov.\\nWilliam Franklin visited the place for the purpose of in-\\nvestigating the alleged fraud, but as Ogden took the pre-\\ncaution to dine the Governor before he went over the\\npremises, the representative of His Majesty actually\\nwaxed indignant at the unfounded slander. Next in\\npoint of time was the famous Speedwell Mill near\\nMorristown, where subsequently Professor Morse and\\nthe Vails made so many interesting experiments in\\nputting the former s telegraphic theories into practical\\noperation. The mill at Dover was erected in 1792 by a\\nfirm which purchased the Beman Forge. The Rockaway\\nrolling-mill was built in 1822.\\nSCHOOLEY S MOUNTAIN.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Schooley s Mountain\\nis a range some sixteen miles long, 1,200 feet above tide-\\nwater, and overlooking the Musconetcong Valley on tho,\\nnorth and German Valley on the south. It has the pe-\\nculiar characteristic that, instead of rising in peaks, its\\ntop is a plateau of rich farm lands and forest, averaging\\none and a quarter miles in width. Beautiful views may\\nbe had from various points on the edge of this plateau,\\nand also from the road crossing the mountain between\\nGerman Valley and Hackettstown, and running through\\nthe village of Schooley s Mountain and past the noted\\nChalybeate Spring. This road is a branch of an old\\npost-route between New York and Easton via Elizabeth-\\nport, and this point for crossing the mountain was doubt-\\nless selected because of a slight depression in the plateau.\\nThe draught of air through this depression and the alti-\\ntude combine to make Schooley s Mountain a pleasantly\\ncool resort, and, as the air is dry and bracing, and the\\nChalybeate Spring very effective in certain drseases and\\ninvigorating in all cases, the place is a health resort as\\nwell as a summer retreat.\\nSchooley s Mountain Village is one of the oldest sum-\\nmer resorts in the United States. Indeed, it was a health", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "77\\nresort before there was a United States, for the Chaly-\\nbeate Spring was famed already among the Indians for its\\nvaluable curative properties. The Pennsylvania tribes\\nsent for its waters, and Tedveesung, the renowned king\\nof the Lenni Lenape, is said to have always kept his\\ncamp-fires burning within three miles of it, in order that\\nhe might lesort to it at any time. There is also a tradi-\\ntion that the spring became known to the whites only\\nthrough chance, the Indians keeping its existence a pro-\\nfound secret, and the whites first learning of it through\\na hunter, who, coming upon it, quenched his thirst from\\nthe rill and, noticing the peculiar mineral taste, reported\\nhis discovery.\\nIt is certain that there was a hotel here as early as\\n1795. The old building still forms part of the Heath\\nHouse. It is appropriately called the Alpha. In it\\nare still several old mirrors and pieces of furniture, relics\\nof the hotel accomodations of an American summer re-\\nsort of the last century.\\nWhen the road across Schooley s became a regular\\nturnpike and post-route in 1809, the mountain was one\\nof the most famous summer resorts in the United States.\\nIt is spoken of by the French scientist, Milbert, in his\\nItineraire Pittoresque du Fleuve Hudson et des Parties\\nLaterales, the author having made his trip in 1815.\\nThe description is embellished with two engravings, one\\nof the rock from which the spring flowed there was then\\nno spring-house or basin), the other of the cataract, still\\na natural feature of great beauty. In a circular issued\\nby the Heath House in 1828, the proprietor offers as one\\nof the chief inducements to visitors the opportunity of\\nassociating with company the most gay and fashion-\\nable and this statement is borne out by the old regis-\\nters preserved in the hotel office in whicli the names of\\nthe leading New York, Philadelphia and New Jersey\\nfamilies of the day are found. These traveled in their\\nown carriages with their servants and domestic pets, us-\\nually taking two days for the journey, though the trip\\nfrom New York to Easton could be made in one day by\\nstage, as appears from an advertisement of McCowy,\\nDrake Co., April 26, 1828, who advertised t heir stages\\nto run through in one day and by daylight from New\\nYork to Easton via Elizabethport. Morristown and\\nSchooley s Mountain Springs. People of moderate as", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "78\\nwell as those of large means came to the spring, the\\nformer pitching tents or erecting temporary shanties in\\nits vicinity, so anxious were they to take advantage of\\nits curative properties.\\nThe spring is about half a mile from the hotels and\\nSehooley s Mountain Village. It is on a high rock to the\\nright of the road from Hackettstown, and the water now\\nled through a pipe into a basin around which a summer-\\nhouse has been built. Glasses can be obtained for a\\nsmall fee in a neighboring house, but visitors are\\nadvised to take them from their hotel or cottage. The\\nwater can also be ordered at the hotels. It is espe-\\ncially recommended for calculus, kidney complaints,\\ntorpor of the liver and as a tonic.\\nIt was analysed early in the century by distinguished\\nchemists, who also testified that it was the purest chaly-\\nbeate water in the United States. Following is the\\nlatest analysis by Dr. T. M. (Joan\\nSolids. Grains per gallon.\\nSodium bicarb 0.58\\nMagnesium carb 1.60\\n1 ron carb 0.58\\nCalcium carb 1.42\\nCulcium sulph 1.68\\nAlumina 0.14\\nSilicic acid 0.74\\nSodium chloride 0.43\\n7.17\\nwith a trace of Manganese Carbonate and of Ammonia.\\nThe Alpha, mentioned above, was probably a road-\\nhouse, flourishing on the patronage bestowed upon it by\\nthe passengers of the stages which followed the post-\\nroute across the mountain. It is even said to have been\\na jug-tavern, similar to those which in olden times\\nflourished among the Jersey Pines, and which owed their\\npeculiar name to the fact that their whole stock in trade\\nconsisted of a jug of apple-jack, from which, however,\\nany liquor called for by a customer was poured. It was", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "79\\nsimply apple-jack under another name. It was thus\\npossible for a wood-ranger on Schooley s Mountain to be\\nall his life long the victim of a spirituous delusion a\\ncondition of affairs which, however, does not now exist\\neven in the most remote corner of New Jersey.\\nAs the Schooley s Mountain Spring became more\\nfamous, the jug-tavern and road-house improved in\\ncharacter. Additions were made until some 350 guests\\ncould be accommodated, and the original little building\\nseemed so remote an object in history, that it was dubbed\\nthe Alpha, pretty much as if it were the very begin-\\nning 1 of creation. It is thought to be, and probably is,\\nthe oldest summer-resort building in the United States.\\nThe buildings of the Heath House are all old-fashioned\\nand ample, standing in spacious, pleasantly shaded\\ngrounds some twenty-five acres in extent. Near the\\nmain entrance to these grounds, to the right walking\\nfrom the house, is a group of huge boulders, all of strik-\\ning shapes and one of them appropriately named the\\nDevil s Arm-chair. Tradition says that the Indians often\\ngathered here in council, the Chief presiding in the\\nDevil s Arm-chair. The Heath House is comfortably\\nfurnished; the table is plain but plentiful. It makes no\\npretence of affording fashionable amusement, but seeks\\nrather to attract those who find recreation in restful\\nquiet, and are satisfied with home-like accommodations.\\nAmong its guests are several who have made it their\\nsummer retreat for over thirty years. Perhaps the fairest\\nidea of the character of the accommodations, service and\\ntable can be given by saying that these are excellent for\\nthe prices charged, which are as follows $12.00 to\\n$14.00 each adult per week for single rooms; double\\nrooms, two persons, $24.00 to $28.00 per week double\\nrooms, one person, $18.00 to $21.00 per week; one\\nweek and less than two weeks, $2.00 per day; $7.00\\nper week for children and nut ses taking their meals at\\nthe children s table; for children under twelve years cf", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "80\\nage, taking their meals at the public table, $10.00 per\\nweek; all over twelve years, full price. Nurse with in-\\nfant, occupying room on guest s floor, will be charged as\\none person. Transient guests, $2.50 per day. Livery,\\nbowling-alleys and billiard-room are connected with the\\nhotel, and there is a tennis-court. There is a stage for\\nprivate theatricals, and a dark-room for amateur photo-\\ngraphers. Rates of carriage hire are as follows: Budd s\\nLake, $6.00; Hackettstown, $3.00; double team, $1.50\\nan hour; single team, $1.00 for first hour, 75 cents an\\nhour afterwards. Stage between hotel and either rail-\\nroad station, 50 cents.\\nAnother hotel, the old Belmont Hall, changed hands\\nlast spring, and is now called the Dorincourt. It is a\\nfine building, and its proprietors purpose to cater more\\nto the fashionable element. It was not completed until\\nlate last season, and could not be put in good running\\norder so it would hardly be fair to rate it in this edi-\\ntion.\\nSchooley s Mountain has some peculiar characteristics.\\nThe hotels are 1,200 feet above the sea, the air is dry\\nand cool, especially at night, yet the immediate sur-\\nroundings do not offer the slightest suggestion of a\\nmountainous district. This is due to the fact that the\\nland does not rise to a peak but to a broad plateau,\\ngiven over to farms and woodland, so that it has the\\nappearance of a fertile agricultural district rather than\\nof a mountain. It is only from points along the edge\\nof the plateau which command views over the Musco-\\nnetcong or German Valleys that one can realize the\\nelevation. The hotels, having begun as road-houses,\\nwere built at points along the post-route over the\\nmountain where it would be convenient for the stages\\nto stop. The idea of locating them where they would\\ncommand one or another of the beautiful vistas to be", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "Hill\\nt\\n4 i\\nCATARACT\u00e2\u0080\u0094 SCHOOLEY s MOUNTAIN.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "81\\nhad almost within a stone s throw, did not occur to their\\nproprietors. They were built about half-way between\\nGerman Valley and Hackettstown, where the road is\\nfairly level and the stages could easily stop, enough time\\nhaving elapsed since they left the valley for the driver\\n(certainly) and some, if not all the passengers, to have\\nbecome thirsty and possibly hungry. Hence there are\\nmany points on the edge of the plateau which, though\\nthey command superb views and seem to have been es-\\npecially designed for summer hotel sites, are still unoc-\\ncupied. Until these have been visited, a sojourner at\\nSchooley s Mountain does not begin to realize its attrac-\\ntions; but, as he gradually discovers them and the gush-\\ning mountain streams and water-falls within easy driving\\nand walking distance from the hotels, he begins to appre-\\nciate the fact that no resort so near New York offers such\\na variety of mountain scenery. Moreover, as several of\\nthese spots are known to but few, whoever will start out\\nin search of Basin Rock, the Point or Pint Mill,\\nEagle s Nest, Bald Mountain, Prospect Hill, the Cata-\\nract, or Striker s Falls, can do so with something of the\\nimportance and zest of a discovefer. Sitting on a hotel\\npiazza reading a pink, blue or yellow-covered novel;\\nriding two or three times around the circle taking\\nthe least interesting of the drives about Schooley s Moun-\\ntain that to Budd s Lake because it seems to be the\\nonly one anybody knows anything about; strolling down\\nto the spring-house and back doing these and similar\\nthings is not the sum of enjoyment one can derive from\\na visit to this resort. Yet, but little more is done and\\nno wonder for the very people who are most interested\\nin making the beauties of Schooley s Mountain known\\nto the hotel guests, do not themselves know even of the\\nexistence of these attractions.\\nA lovely glimpse of the valley of the Musconetcong is", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "82\\nhad from a point called Valley View, barely more than\\n200 rods in front of the hotel. Here you stand at the\\napex of a clove running up from the valley. It is a\\nnarrow opening, intercepted here and there by wooded\\npromontories, and musical with the rushing waters of a\\nbrook completely hidden from view by the foliage. At\\nthe foot of the clove lies the Musconetcong Valley, with\\nthe steeples of Hackettstown peeping out from among\\nthe trees that shade its streets, the hills beyond forming\\na picturesque background with their fertile slopes, here\\nyellow with grain, there green with corn, and dotted with\\nwhite farm-houses or red barns. The point from which\\nthis view is obtained is shaded by a clump of trees, grow-\\ning up among boulders whose gray tones, lit up now and\\nthen by glints of sunshine, harmonize with the cool\\nshadow of the foliage; and, to one looking out from this\\nrecess, the glimpse of valley and distant hills, at the\\nend of the soft, green slopes of the clove, seems unusu-\\nally bright and friendly.\\nAnother point of interest of easy access from the\\nhotels about a mile and a half is the Cataract. To\\nreach it take the Hackettstown road to a point a little\\nbelow the Spring House, where a rough wood-road enters\\nthe woods to the right and crosses the brook. Follow\\nthis road, always keeping to the right, until a second\\nbrook is reached. A little way up this is the Cataract.\\nHere there is an almost sudden descent of about 100\\nfeet from the plateau into the rocky clove up which we\\nhave followed the brook whose waters now come leap-\\ning down from boulder to boulder, sending their white\\nspray flying in showers, rushing through crevasses,\\nfrothing up against the trunks of fallen trees and finally\\nhurrying away through the clove toward the valley of\\nof the Musconetcong. The ascent of the Cataract is best\\nmade on the left. Near the top is a large flat rock. On", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "83\\nstepping out upon this one obtains without the slightest\\nprevious intimation a glimpse of the valley similar to\\nthat had from Valley View, the rock overlooking the\\ntops of the trees at the foot of the Cataract. The view\\nseems the lovelier for being had so unexpectedly from the\\nvery heart of the forest. Not far from the top of the\\nCataract are fields through which one can easily reach\\nthe village and hotels, so that it is not necessary to\\nagain descend into the clove and return by the Hack-\\nettstown road.\\nThere is another and even more picturesque water-\\nfall near Schooley s Mountain. This is Stryker s Falls,\\noff the German Valley road, and is reached by following\\nthis road through Springtown to a stone-quarry, and\\nthere turning off to the left a short distance into the\\nwoods, from where one is guided to the falls by the sound\\nof rushing water. As the path is not, however, easy to\\nfind, it is well to get a boy in Springtown to act as guide.\\nAbout one and a quarter miles from the hotels is Pros-\\npect Hill. The road leads down into a ravine and then\\nup a steep hill. In a pasture-field to the right is a chest-\\nnut tree, from near which one obtains a view of the Mus-\\nconetcong Valley, less circumscribed than that from\\nValley View, and enhanced by the delicate hues of the\\nBlue Ridge in the distance.\\nA fine view of the Musconetcong Valley and beyond\\nto the Delaware Water Gap, the gap* in the mountains\\nbeing clearly defined, is to be had from Mr. Alfred Sul-\\nly s place, on the road between Drakestown and Hack-\\nettstown. Almost the same view can be had also by tak-\\ning the Budd s Lake road almost to Drakestown, but\\nturning from it on to the road which, near Drakestown,\\ngoes off to the left. Very soon after getting on this road\\nthe view referred to is obtained. The road eventually\\nleads into that crossing the mountain, which may be", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "84\\ntaken back to the hotels, but, as the map shows, there is\\na way of avoiding the steep grade of the mountain road,\\nby taking the first turn to the left, which brings one on\\nto the Budd s Lake road. Fine views can also be had\\nfrom Eagle s Nest, Bald Mountain and Drake Hill but\\nthey do not differ in character from those already de-\\nscribed. Each of the points named, excepting Valley\\nView, which is too near, and the points near Drakes-\\ntown, which are too far (for the ordinary walker), is a\\npleasant excursion for a morning or afternoon. It is\\nalso an easy matter to drive to Budd s Lake and back\\nin half a day, but it is better to take a day for this pur-\\npose, in order to enjoy the boating and fishing on this\\nattractive sheet of water.\\nA superb panoramic view is had from a huge rock at\\nthe edge of the plateau, about seven miles southwest of\\nthe hotel by the shorter road. This grim reminder of a\\nremote geological age of ice and gloom is variously called\\nEagle Rock, Basin Rock, and the Point, the last name\\nbeing applied to it on the map of the Geological Survey of\\nNew Jersey. The view is undoubtedly the finest to be had\\nfrom any part of Schooley s Mountain, and the roads to\\nit (for there are two) also afford many glimpses of pretty\\nscenery, and at least one exceptionally beautiful vista.\\nOf course it is an easy morning or afternoon drive; but\\nit is a delightful day s excursion afoot, and, if the party\\nwants to walk only one way, the train can be taken at\\nPort Murray, only one and a half miles from the Point,\\nfor Hackettstown, and the stage from there for Schooley s\\nMountain. The Point is reached by the Pleasant Grove\\nroad. Just before it descends towards the Grove\\none has to the right a view extending, on a clear day, to\\nthe Water Gap. After passing through Pleasant Grove,\\ntwo courses are open to take the first road to the left\\nand swing around past Mount Lebanon Church to the", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2801", "width": "1754", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "85\\nPoint, or to proceed on through Pennville toward An-\\nderson, near which latter place a r ad to the left leads\\nto the Point. A glance at the map will show that one\\ncan take either of these routes, and by simply continuing\\non past the Point return by the other, the road forming\\na loop to the Pleasant Grove road.\\nBoth routes are about equally attractive, but parties\\nafoot who intend taking the train from Port Murray\\nwill, perhaps, find greater variety along the Mount\\nLebanon Church road.\\nThe Point is not reached by the wagon road. It is\\nnecessary to clamber for about ten minutes up a steep\\npath so overgrown with brush that it is advisable to have\\na boy from one of the families on the mountain-side to\\nact as guide. The view from the rock up and down the\\nMusconetcong Valley is superb. Along the foot of the\\nmountain flows the Musconetcong, whose course is\\nmarked by the sinuous line of trees which shade its cool\\ncurrent. Now and then, through a break in the foliage,\\nits glistening waters come into view only to vanish again\\nunder the green archway. Rich pasture lands and fields\\nof waving green impart a velvety softness to the slope of\\nthe opposite hills, whose predominating colors are varied\\nwith the white and red of neat farm-houses and ample\\nbarns. The series of mountain ranges beyond fade\\naway from dark green to delicate tints of blue which\\nfinally lose themselves in the hazy distance. As with all\\nthe views in this region, there is nothing rugged or\\ngrand in this. But it has a certain feminine softness\\nand grace which give it a peculiar charm. On a bright\\nday Nature is seen here in one of her most affable moods;\\nand, even if a storm be brewing, she is, perhaps, all the\\nprettier for her passing petulancy.\\nAt the font of the mountain is the Point Mill, and\\nfrom the bridge the view up the Musconetcong is one of", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "80\\ntranquil beauty the water as it flows over the low tlani\\nstretching like a band across the stream, with soft bor-\\nders of grass along the shaded banks above and floating\\nislands of lily-pads beyond.\\nBUDD S LAKE nestles delightfully among the hills.\\nIt is a pretty sheet of water, full of bass and pickerel. In\\nseason there is abundant shooting over the mountain\\nand in the early fall excellent duck-shooting on the lake.\\nIt is reached from Flanders.\\nJoseph Bonaparte once thought of settling here, but\\nduring the negotiations he chanced to discover a carica-\\nture of his illustrious relative, belonging to the proprie-\\ntor s daughter, which caused him to change his mind.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2786", "width": "1704", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VI.\\nLAKE HOPATCONG.\\nEtched in silver, in the wooded slopes of the High-\\nlands of New Jersey, lies Lake Hopatcong. From among\\nthe hills it greets the beholder with one of nature s\\nfriendliest smiles. Its aspect is nearly always cheerful,\\nfor its surface is rarely agitated beyond a ripple. Yet\\nthis placid and ingenuous looking sheet of water has\\ncome down to us from one of the grimmest epochs\\nin the earth s history. Once there doubtless flowed\\nthrough the valley which now encloses Lake Hopat-\\ncong a little stream, a mere thread of silver, winding\\nthrough a strip of meadowland. Then, the giant\\nforces of the remote North having gathered themselves\\nfor a slow but fearfully sure advance, a glacial army\\ncrept southward for untold thousands of years, crush-\\ning and levelling all obstacles and pushing in its van\\na veritable mountain range of debris which was to its\\nvast mass no more than the scum of the strand is to\\nthe sea. On and on it came, until, in what is now the\\nState of New Jersey, it met an opposing force greater\\nthan itself. Evidence of the destruction that ensued is\\nscattered all over that portion of the State which the ice\\nhad covered for, as the glacier melted away to the north\\nit left in its retreating track the debris it had gathered\\nin its advance. Right at the outlet of the valley through\\nwhich our little stream had flowed, the glacier, on its\\nretreat, heaped up a dam of drift; and, when the ice had\\ncrept back so far northward that the hills again wore a\\nfriendly summer aspect, they held in their embrace one", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "of the loveliest lakes in the world. How long it mir-\\nrored their soft contour before it gladdened the eye of\\nman no one can say. But it is certain that it was known\\nto the Indians long before the whites set foot upon this\\ncontinent. Its Indian name, Indian relics found along\\nits shores, and the fact that it lay in the track of a well-\\nknown Indian trail, substantiate this.\\nHopatcong (originally Hopatchung) signifies Pipe\\nWater, a name descriptive of the shape of the lake\\nbefore its waters were artificially raised for the purposes\\nof the Morris Canal in 1832. Since that time it has\\nmade islands of several promontories and entirely covered\\nothers, flowing far back into the recesses of the hills, and\\nflooding the marsh which once divided it from Little\\nPond, with which it now forms a lake some seven miles\\nlong, and two miles in width at its broadest point. The\\nmain body of the lake is barely a mile wide at the most,\\nbut the coves on its western shore (the River Styx, Byram\\nand Henderson Coves) are deeply indented in the hills.\\nThe Indians who dwelt on the shores of Lake Hopat-\\ncong were the Nariticongs, a branch of the Lenni Lenape.\\nFish were plentiful in the lake and game abounded\\namong the surrounding hills. The site of their princi-\\npal settlement is now submerged. It was near Halsey\\nIsland, which, before the damming of the lake, was con-\\nnected with the mainland. The site was easily located\\nby circular hearths of fire-blackened stones, from whose\\nnumber it was judged that the Indian village was formed\\nof some fifty wigwams. The dead were buried on the\\nextreme end of the promontory, now Halsey Island,\\nwhere many of their remains have been dug up. Histo-\\nrians have also mentioned an Indian causeway of stone\\nconnecting Bertrand Island with the mainland, but no\\ntrace of it can now be found. It is also stated that work-\\nmen, while digging the Morris Canal, exhumed, near the", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "89\\noutlet of the lake, portions of an Indian skeleton with\\nan armbone measuring thirty-six inches, which, if it was\\nin proportion to the rest of the body, would indicate that\\nthis ranger of the primeval forest rejoiced in an immense\\nframe. For he must have been at least eight feet in\\nheight. If a Nariticong, the race was indeed a noble\\none. Who knows, however, but that this skeleton may\\nhave been a relic of prehistoric man, borne down from\\nthe regions of perpetual winter during the glacial period?\\nThe last Indian to dwell on the shores of Lake Hopat-\\ncong was Chincopee, an aged warrior of the Nariticongs.\\nLong after the Lenni Lenape had emigrated from New Jer-\\nsey this Indian, stirred by memories of his youth, returned\\nto his native waters and hills to spend his last days. He\\nerected a wigwam on what is now Chincopee Cove, and\\noccupied himself fishing and making baskets. But he\\nwas finally driven away by the white settlers. With\\nwhat feelings must the last of the Nariticongs have\\nturned his back upon the lake over whose waters his\\nforefathers had glided in their lithe canoes long before\\na white man trod upon its shores! Silently he gathered\\nhis few belongings into his canoe, and paddled for the\\nlast time across the lake to which his race had given\\nits name. Entering the River Styx and penetrating to\\nits furthest recess he vanished in the dark foliage\\nof the mountain forest. The next morning a rift of\\nsmoke was seen curling above the trees on the side of\\nthe mountain bordering upon the Styx. It was observed\\nat various times for about a week. Then a party was\\norganized to reach the spot and effectually drive away\\nChincopee from the neighborhood. But on the morning\\nthe party was to set out there was no smoke to guide it\\ntoward the old Indian s camp. Nevertheless a start was\\nmade, and following the trail from the Styx into the\\nwoods they came, when half-way up the mountain, svd-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "90\\ndenly upon the remains of a fire. Near it, bruised, torn\\nand dead, his hand clasping the hilt of his scalping knife,\\nlay Chincopee. Not far from him, stretched on the\\nground, was the carcass of a huge bear. All about the\\nspot was evidence of the terrible conflict which had\\nproved fatal to both. The wish of the last of the Nariti-\\ncongs had been fulfilled he had died on the hunting-\\ngrounds of his forefathers. Some superstitious folk\\nbelieve that his spirit still roams the mountains whose\\nsombre slopes are reflected in the Styx, and sometimes\\nof a morning, when the mists are rising off the lake, they\\nwill point to the smoke from Chincopee s camp-fire curl-\\ning up above the dark foliage.\\nThis picturesque legend of Chincopee is probably a\\nmodern adaptation of an older and perhaps equally\\nromantic Indian story that of Quaquahela, a great\\nsachem, who started to visit a distant tribe of allies in\\nthe far South. At sundown he crossed from Pipe Water\\ntown to Bonaparte s Landing, and following the shore\\nfor a considerable distance, drew up his canoe at what is\\nnow known as L Hommedieu Meadow, From there he\\nset out for the lodge of his friend, Comascoman, who\\nresided on the banks of the Musconetcong, and who\\nwas to accompany him on his journey. He had gone\\nbut a short distance, when he was attacked by a bear.\\nBruin being his totem, it was unlawful for him to kill\\nthat animal, and he started to return to his canoe but\\nthe enraged beast prevented this, and a desperate hand\\nto claw battle ensued, in which Quaquahela purchased a\\nvictory with his life. A few days later the body of a\\nhuge bear was found, and beside it lay the club and\\ntotem, and all the hunting gear of the chief. The red\\nmen searched for days for their sachem s body, but find-\\ning no trace of it, concluded that he had gone to the\\nhappy hunting-grounds. The next full moon, the clan", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "91\\nsaw on a side hill a mist ascending to the heavens, and\\nwondered at the strange appearance. That night their\\nmedicine man had a vision, and in it Quaquahela ap-\\npeared and told him that he had erected his spirit-lodge\\nthere, and would remain as long as the hills stood. Be-\\ncause of his sin in killing his totem, the bear, he was\\nexcluded from the spirit-land forever. He promised to\\naccompany his clan in all their expeditions, and when\\nhe retired within his lodge, they would know it by see-\\ning the smoke of his fire ascend to the tops of the trees.\\nHe also assured them that every time they would give\\nhim a friendly whoop, he would answer. And to this\\nday in damp or wet weather a thin vapor may be seen,\\nrising in curling wreaths over the spot and if a shout\\nbe given, the answer is heard as distinctly as if Quaqua-\\nhela himself were replying. Thus the Indians accounted\\nfor the echo and vapor which add to the weirdness of the\\nRiver Styx.\\nThe first white men that settled on Lake Hopatcong\\nwere hunters, who are thought to have ventured there\\nabout 1775, doubtless tempted by the abundance of game.\\nThe woods and mountains abounded with deer, bear and\\nbirds, and the lake teemed with fish. One does not have\\nto go back further than 1835 for reminiscences of grand\\nsport in hunting deer at Lake Hopatcong. Sometimes the\\ngame was driven into the water and there captured. The\\nsevere winter, 1835-36, exterminated the deer, and since\\nthen the sport afforded by that region has been limited\\nto quail, partridges and fishing, the black bass of Lake\\nHopatcong being large and gamy, and there being, be-\\nsides these, pickerel and perch.\\nUntil within recent years, the charms of Lake Hopat-\\ncong were known to only a few of those choice spirits\\nwho penetrate into the very solitudes of the forests and\\nmountains in their pursuit of nature s beauties; and this", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "92\\nlovely sheet of water lay almost neglected at the thresh-\\nold of a great city whose population was constantly seek-\\ning new fields for summer amusement. The good fish-\\ning attracted sportsmen to its shores and it became a\\nfavorite camping-out place. But it was not until the\\nCentral Railroad of New Jersey purchased and laid out\\nthe excursion grounds at Nolan s Point and the Hotel\\nBreslin was built at Chincopee Cove that this lovely\\nsheet of water began to enjoy the measure of popularity\\nit deserved for, through those enterprises it was able to\\nafford accommodations respectively to people of moder-\\nate and ample means; so that now, with the other hotels\\non the Lake and the opportunities for camping out,\\nHopatcong attracts people from many and varied walks\\nof life.\\nThe Central Railroad of New Jersey now carries about\\n50,000 people every summer to Nolan s Point, and there\\nis scarcely a day when the excursion grounds there are\\nnot a scene of life and bustle. The amusements afforded\\nat these grounds are many and varied. There are a\\ndancing-pavilion, flying^ horses and swings; and at the\\nlarge, commodious float, boats without number. One\\ncan go fishing, rowing, sailing or canoeing; or charter a\\nsteam-launch and make a tour of the most attractive\\nreaches of the lake. The railroad furnishes the grounds\\nand their appurtenances free of charge, and the fee for\\nthe use of boats is low. Parties of half a dozen or more\\ncan, for 25 cents each, make the tour of the lake in the\\nsteam-launches, and boats can be had for 25 cents an\\nhour. A hot dinner is served at noon at a charge of 50\\ncents. That Nolan s Point should have become the\\nfavorite inland resort for excursions in this section of the\\ncountry is only the natural result of the beauty of its\\nlocation, the amusement it affords and the excellence of\\nthe railroad service. The company allows no liquor to", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "93\\nbe sold on the grounds. It seeks the patronage of re-\\nspectable people only, and the excursions at Nolan s\\nPoint, though they have no end of fun daring their\\nday s outing, are notably quiet and orderly. Hence\\nthey do not interfere at all with the comfort of private\\nresidents or of the guests at the various hotels. Twenty-\\nfour hundred acres of water are not easily overcrowded,\\nand so much of an excursion as embarks in boats and\\nlaunches is soon so scattered over the lake as to lose its\\nidentity. Many of the little craft are lost to sight\\nbehind the shores of Halsey and Raccoon Islands, in the\\nshadowy recesses of Byram Cove or in the cool shade of\\nthe wooded promontories which run, like spurs from the\\nsurrounding hills, into the lake. The excursions at\\nLake Hopatcong, therefore, simply serve to give a joyous\\nzest to the season the excursionists enjoy themselves so\\nthoroughly sometimes unmistakably concentrating a\\nwhole year s holiday into their one day on the lake that\\nthere is, in some instances, almost a touch of pathos in\\ntheir unbounded delight.\\nThere is a comfortable hotel at Nolan s Point the\\nNolan s Point Villa which offers excellent accommoda-\\ntions at moderate rates. It is one minute s walk from\\nthe railroad station. From the piazza and grounds fine\\nviews of the lake are had. Rates of board are $2.00 a\\nday and from $12.00 to $14.00 a week. There are\\npostal and telegraph facilities at Nolan s Point, and a\\ntelegraph and telephone office at the Villa, which also\\nboasts modern sanitary appliances. Before the season\\nopens, the manager, Mr. G. L. Bryant, can be addressed\\nat High Bridge, N. J. during the season, at the Nolan s\\nPoint Villa, Lake Hopatcong, N. J.\\nThe Hotel Breslin gave to Hopatcong its first decided\\nboom, for it brought to the lake the element of wealth\\nand fashion, in the wake of which everything else follows.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "94\\nIt is a spaciously built house, offering the accommoda-\\ntions of a first-class hotel. Its piazzas are large, and,\\nwhile strolling up and down them, one can enjoy a lovely\\nview, The lake is reached by a series of terraces, the\\nhighest of which is laid out in large flower-beds. To\\nthe right, looking from the hotel piazza, is the actress\\nLotta s cottage, and in the park to the left are many\\nother attractive summer residences. There are the\\nusual amusements of music, dancing, bowling, bil-\\nliards and tennis. A large boat-house with bath-\\nhouses is at the foot of the terraces. Here all kinds\\nof row-boats can be hired, as well as sail-boats and\\nsteam-launches. The rates are: Row-boats, per week,\\n$0.00. Day, with man, $3.00; without man, $2.00.\\nHour, 50 cents i extra hour 25 cents. Sail-boats, per\\nhour, $1.50; extra hour, 50 cents. Fishing tackle and\\nbait can also be had. Steam-launches are let by special\\ncontract, the rate for a brief tour being $3.00 an hour.\\nBoats for all trains stop at this point. Connected with the\\nhotel is a livery stable, the rate being $5.00 for a morn-\\ning or afternoon drive with double team and $4.00 for\\na single team. A beautiful drive is through Berkshire\\nValley, of which, by the way, the Jersey Central s pas-\\nsengers obtain a fine view before reaching Minnisink.\\nWhat is much needed is a road around the lake,\\nwhich could be made one of the finest drives in the\\ncountry.\\nA pretty drive is that to Dover, eight miles distant.\\nSchooley s Mountain, eighteen miles away, is also an in-\\nteresting drive, taking in Budd s Lake en route. It is\\nusually made a day s excursion of.\\nThe rate for transient guests at the Breslin is $5.00\\nper day by the week, $25.00 and $28.00. The head-\\nquarters of the management are at the Gilsey House,\\nNew York. Post Office address during the season,", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "95\\nwhich begins about June 15th and continues until Oc-\\ntober 1, is Rustic, Morris Co., N. J.\\nAccording to the map of the State Geologist, Lake\\nHopatcong is 926 feet above the level of the sea and is\\nthe highest navigable lake within 350 miles of New York\\nCity. Its shores rise much higher, reaching at one point\\n1,213 feet. The best view of the lake is to be had from\\nthe mountain just above Nolan s Point. Back of Zuck s\\nLake View House is a look-out, called Fried rich s-Hohe,\\nwhich would command a superb view if the trees, which\\nnow cut off much of the vista, were thinned out. A fair\\nview is also had from Mt. Harry, while from the piazza\\nand upper stories of the Breslin some of the prettiest\\nreaches of the lake can be seen, the hotel being situated\\nabout 185 feet above the water.\\nIn taking the reader on a tour of the lake, we will start\\nat the southern end. Where it narrows down toward\\nShippenport, it is not navigable for steam-launches, and,\\nthough the dredging of a channel through this part of\\nHopatcong has been under consideration for some time,\\nthe lake is still entered through a feeder of the Morris\\nCanal. The little launch churns its way gently along\\nbetween the low banks of the feeder to the lock at Brook-\\nlyn, a little settlement which at one time gave the un-\\nromantic name of Brooklyn Pond to our lovely Hopat-\\ncong. The passage through the lock is an interesting\\nexperience. The lower gates are opened and the minia-\\nture steamer glides into the lock, the gates closing\\nbehind it. It is now imprisoned in a narrow passage.\\nOn either side are high, dripping walls, and in front\\nand astern the closed gates. There is a sudden\\nroar of rushing, surging water. The launch lunges half\\nforward, half upward, the churning of the screw adding\\nto the turmoil. The lunging continues, the swashing,\\nsurging waters now lifting the launch by the stern, now", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "96\\nby the prow. The actions of those who have not been\\nthrough the lock before are a study. The babies cry;\\nthe women grab the nearest man by the arm the girls\\nare prettily flustered; the men endeavor to appear calm;\\nthe passengers that have made the passage before look\\namused the only persons absolutely indifferent are the\\ncaptain and the engineer it is such an old story with\\nthem that they do not even smile. When the inrushing\\nwater has raised the launch eleven feet, almost to a level\\nwith the top of the upper gates, these slowly open, and\\nfrom its narrow, dark and gruesome prison the little ves-\\nsel glides out upon a lovely reach of water, tranquilly\\nmirroring the wooded slopes of gently rising hills. The\\nchange is so sudden that the beholder is almost impelled\\nto rub his eyes, in order to make sure that he is not\\ndreaming or watching the mere shifting of scenes in a\\ntheatre. Natuie could not devise a more dramatic effect\\nthan this sudden emerging from gloom on to the sunlit,\\ndancing waves of Lake Hopatcong.\\nIt is not easy to gain an idea of the length of Lake\\nHopatcong, for at every point the vista is limited\\nby promontories and islands whose shores overlap one\\nanother. For instance, after emerging from the lock,\\nthe view up the lake extends, at first, only to Bertrand\\nIsland; and it is not until the launch rounds a point on\\nthe west shore, a little south of the island, that a passage\\nopens up through which the vessel glides into what\\nseems another and larger lake, for now the reach extends\\nfor over two miles to Halsey Island beyond Nolan s\\nPoint. About half a mile beyond Bertrand the deep in-\\ndentation of the Styx opens up on the west and Chin-\\ncopee and Nepanese Coves on the east while north of\\nHalsey Island is the reach of three miles to Woodport,\\nand west of it lie Raccoon Island and the broad expanse\\nof Byram and Henderson Coves, the bowl of the original", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "BERKSHIRE VALLEY ROAD.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "97\\nPipe Water. It is easy to recognize these divisions on\\nthe map. They make the lake full of delightful sur-\\nprises, and, since each new vista differs from the one last\\nenjoyed, while its charms present themselves, as if by a\\npreconcerted plan, in their most attractive order, one\\nbecomes at last convinced that Lake Hopatcong is a de-\\nlicious bit of coquetry on the part of Nature.\\nAs a rule, the hills around the lake are wooded almost\\nto the water s edge so that the shores have a soft\\nand gentle contour. Such is the impression carried\\naway from a general tour of Hopatcong. But the\\nsojourner who has time to make a more minute inspec-\\ntion will discover that the beauty of the shores is varied.\\nOne of the most noticeable variations from the velvety\\nsoftness of the mountain sides is on the west shore, a little\\nbeyond Bertrand Island and directly opposite Chincopee\\nCove. This is Sharp s Rock, which rises boldly about\\n10 feet out of the water. Its front seems without a crevice\\nfor a blade of grass to grow in, and it presents a smooth,\\nsolid front, as if engaged only in gazing imperturbably\\nat its own reflection in the lake. It is crowned with a\\nbeautiful growth of trees, in whose shade camping-out\\nparties find one of their favorite retreats. The point in\\nwhich Sharp s Rock is imbedded is known as Tempe\\nPoint, a name given to it soon after the Revolution, in\\nhonor of Tempe Wick, who lived near Morristown dur-\\ning the winter of 1779, when Washington s army was\\nquartered among the Morris County hills. Tempe was a\\nnoted horsewoman a skillful and daring rider. At a\\ntime when the Americans were securing all the horses\\nthey could for the army, a troop of horse came in sight\\nof her as she was riding her favorite steed. Realizing\\nwhat would be the animal s fate if the troop came up\\nwith her, she turned, and putting the whip to her horse,\\ndashed away at full speed toward home, pursued by the", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "98\\nsoldiers. She so distanced them that she had time,\\nbefore they reached the house and began searching the\\nstable, to lead the horse upstairs and secrete it in an\\napartment, where she kept it for several weeks, until all\\ndanger of its being seized had passed.\\nRight around the point from Sharp s Rock is the en-\\ntrance to the Styx. This is one of the weirdest and most\\nromantic retreats of the lake. For about half a mile\\nfrom its entrance, one cannot comprehend why it should\\nhave been named after the river of Hades. But beyond\\nthe point where it is crossed by a bridge, it divides itself\\ninto two arms, running north and south. Each of these,\\ngradually narrowing so that the foliage on the hills\\ncasts its shadow from shore to shore and the mountains\\nseem to close in upon the sullen waters, loses itself in\\nthe gloomy recesses of the forest. Trunks of decaying\\ntrees, whose jagged branches protrude here and there\\nabove the surface of the black waters the stillness,\\nbroken only by the shrill cry of the kingfisher and its\\nunearthly echoes among the hills the long, hairy\\ngrasses which, as the water is disturbed by the splash of\\nthe oars, rise from the bottom, trail after the boat a\\nmoment, and then vanish with sinuous, snake-like move-\\nments, combine to so impress the traveler on the Styx\\nwith a sense of the mysterious and supernatural that he\\nis ready to accept, without questioning, the legend of the\\nNariticong whose spirit is said to haunt the depths of\\nthe forest back of the south arm of the inlet.\\nChincopee Cove, on the opposite side of the lake, is a\\npretty nook. Its north shore is formed by Chestnut Point,\\na low, thicky-wooded promontory, tapering off to a nar-\\nrow tongue covered with a beautiful grove, between whose\\nbranches one sees glints of sunlit ripples beyond. Across\\nthe lake is the gray tablet of Sharp s Rock and the sombre\\nshores of the entrance to the Styx. To the south this love-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "CANAL FEEDER.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "99\\nJy view is rounded off by Bertrand Island. In fact, Chin-\\ncopee Cove is another of those little lake vistas to which\\nHopatcong owes so much of its charm. Not until the\\noarsman has pulled out beyond Chestnut Point and\\nBertrand does he realize that he has been on a lake\\nwithin a lake. On this cove, so retired, yet so near the\\nmain reach, the Hotel Breslin is situated so that,\\nadded to the picturesque features of Chincopee, are the\\nlife on the beautiful grounds which surround the hotel\\nand the dashes of color made by the brilliant costumes\\nof the young people (for, thanks to blazers, sashes and\\ntennis-shirts, it is now with the genus homo as with\\nother creatures of nature\u00e2\u0080\u0094the male can be as gaudy as\\nthe female, or even gaudier).\\nAdjoining Chincopee Cove and lying between Chestnut\\nand Nolan s Points, is Nepanese or Big Cove. The vicin-\\nity of Nolan s Point is well settled with summer resi-\\ndences. On the point itself, besides the excursion grounds\\nand hotel already mentioned, and the railroad buildings,\\nare ice houses of great capacity, the cutting and shipping\\nof ice from the pure frozen waters of Lake Hopatcong\\nhaving developed into an industry of such proportions\\nthat winter only varies the operations of the railroad.\\nThe Central Railroad Company of New Jersey s branch\\nfrom High Bridge to Lake Hopatcong is by no means\\na spur for summer traffic only. The long excursion\\ntrains of summer are succeeded by the longer ice trains\\nof winter. This branch derives additional import-\\nance from its connection at Nolan s Point with the\\nOgden Mine Railroad, now also part of the Jersey Cen-\\ntral s system. This road extends about nine miles north\\nof the lake to the Ogden Mine, with stations at the fa-\\nmous Ilurd Mine, whose sloping shaft runs 3,800 feet into\\nthe mountain, and to a depth of about 1,800 feet in a\\ndirect line, and at the Weldon and Ford and Schofield", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "100\\nMines. From an elevation, but a few steps from the\\nstation at the Ogden Mine, a superb view is had in the\\ndirection of the Delaware Water Gap, which is well worth\\na trip from the lake. Another pretty trip for sojourners\\nat Lake Hopatcong, is to take the Ogden Mine Railroad\\nto Hopewell Crossing, about two and a quarter miles\\nbefore the terminus at Ogden is reached, and where the\\ntrain will be stopped at the request of any passenger\\nwho wishes to alight there. Taking the road to the right\\nof the railroad, one reaches, afterwalkingabemt one and\\none-eighth of a mile, Morris Pond, a lovely little sheet\\nof water, noted for its crystalline clearness and the beauty\\nof its shores, the background of the view from the south\\nend being a high mountain, whose base is laved by the\\nwaters of this charming lake. Picnic parties will find\\na pretty little island attractive. There are many fine\\nblack bass in Morris Pond, but, owing to the clearness of\\nits waters, fishing is good only on a cloudy day.\\nOff Nolan s Point, a little northward, is the emerald\\ncircle of Halsey Island. Thickly covered with hemlock,\\nspruce and pine, it looks like a soft tuft of green float-\\ning on the water. Some of the spruces on this island,\\nwhich is, like Sharp s Rock, a favorite camping-ground,\\nare three feet in diameter. Halsey Island lies at the\\nentrance of a large bay, which embraces Byram and\\nHenderson Coves with their nooks and corners among\\npretty islets and rocky ledges. Passing through the\\nlittle sound formed by Halsey and Raccoon Islands with\\nthe southerly shore of this bay, one sees, on the main,\\nBishop s Rock, a long, picturesque mass, near which is\\nthe boulder where Bonnel Moody, a notorious leader of\\nEngland s partisans during the Revolution, concealed\\nhimself while Brandt, the Mohawk Chief, visited the\\nIndian village opposite and induced the Nariticongs to\\ntake part in the massacre of the Minnisink. The point", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2771", "width": "1734", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "101\\nof land just beyond Bishop s Rock to the northwest,\\nrising some thirty feet and crowned by a pine, tall and\\nvigorous in its old age, is known as Bonaparte s Land-\\ning. Joseph Bonaparte, ex-King of Naples and Spain\\nand the brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, landed here\\nwhile on a prospecting tour, which also included Budd s\\nLake. (See p. 86.)\\nFor wild, rugged beauty Byram and Henderson Coves\\nsurpass the other reaches of the lake. The shores rise\\nfrom one to two hundred feet, and terraces of rock have\\nrent and torn the green mantle which the forest has\\nflung over the mountains. Most striking are the ledges\\nwhich form the Devil s Stairs, to which Brandt and\\nMoody paddled after the formei s return from the Indian\\nvillage. On the southern shore of Byram Cove is Sperry\\nSpring, a rill of clear, icy water. Henderson Rock is a\\ngreat boulder on the point of the eastern shore of Hen-\\nderson Cove, of which Raecoon Island seems a continua-\\ntion, the passage between being so narrow. This island\\nis wooded like Halsey, but its shores project here and\\nthere in picturesque ledges. The shores of the narrow\\nnorthern arm of the lake, which runs to Woodport, are\\nlow and fringed with meadows and woodland. Their\\ndelicate beauty is another of Hopatcong s varied\\ncharms.\\nIn the shallow little arm which runs at the southerly\\nend of the lake, parallel with the canal feeder, is Float-\\ning Island, a natural curiosity which attracts consider-\\nable attention from those interested in such matters.\\nThis island, whether at low or high water, always re-\\nmains about one foot above the level of the lake. It is\\nnoted for its flora, which includes the side-saddle\\nplant (Sarracenia) with its pitcher-like leaves, corn-\\nplants, sweet-briar roses, the rhododendron, spruce and\\ntamarack. The Musconetcong River, of whose pictu-", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "102\\nresque valley we have had so many glimpses from\\nSchooley s Mountain, is the outlet of the lake.\\nThe camps add not a little to the charms of life at\\nHopatcong. The white tents gleaming among the trees,\\nthe fluttering flags and pennants, the boats moored at\\nthe landings, anchored at the fishing grounds or speed-\\ning along to the splash and cadence of the oars, the\\nsun-browned faces of the happy campers, combine to\\nmake those who are leading a less Bohemian existence\\nenter with greater zest into the enjoyment of their out-\\ning. The camps play an important part in the annual\\nHarvest Moon Festival, which is celebrated by an illumi-\\nnation. Colored lanterns glimmer among the trees and\\non the boats and nearly every camp has its display of\\nfire-works. An illuminated boat parade is another fea-\\nture. As the boats are invisible, the colored lights are\\nlike will-o -the-wisps, of all hues, floating in and out of\\ncoves, among islands and up and down the lake, while\\nvoices of unseen singers are borne over the water. As\\nthe night wears on the lights separate and glide in many\\ndirections toward the various camps, cottages and hotels;\\none by one they vanish in the dark shadow of the shores,\\nand voice after voice grows silent. Then, when the lake\\nlies like a mirror in the moonlight, there is heard a mur-\\nmuring among the hills, like a low, melodious chanting\\nof many distant voices; and one half fancies that the\\nnymphs and naiads have come forth from the shaded\\nsprings and rills of the forest and gathered upon some\\nmoonlit meadow far up on the mountain to celebrate\\nthe glories of the night.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "INDEX.\\nPAGE\\nAlpha, the 77, 78\\nAmusements and sport xx\\nAndros, Sir Edmund xtv, 6\\nAnnandale 70\\nBaltusRoil 54, 58\\nBarclay s 73\\nBasin Rock 84\\nBayonne City 26\\nBelmont Hall 80\\nBerkshire Valley 94\\nBergen xiii, 26\\nRevolutionary history of 31\\nfortifications of 30\\nBergen Point vii\\nFerry 34\\nBig Cove 99\\nBlack River 72\\nBonaparte, Joseph 86, 101\\nBonaparte s Landing 90\\nBout, Jan E vertse 28\\nBound Brook 58, 61\\nRevolutionary history of 63\\nBorough, the 56\\nBrainerd, John 11\\nBrandt, the Mohawk 100\\nBranch Mills 53\\nBroad Street, Newark 24\\nBrooklyn Pond 95\\nBrooke, John 46\\nBuccaneers, Spanish 71\\nBudd s Lake x, 81, 86\\nBurr, Aaron 9\\nButtermilk Falls 56, 63\\nCaldwell, James 41, 46\\nCalif on 72\\nCarteret, George xiv\\nCarteret, Gov. Philip xiv, 36\\nCary s 73\\nCentral Railroad of New Jersey vii, xvii, 1\\nChalybeate Springs 77-79\\nChester m 72\\nmining in 73", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "104\\nPAGE\\nChincopee 89, 90\\nChincopee Cove 93, 98\\nChimney Rock 56, 62\\nChurches xix\\nClinton, Sir Henry 41\\nClinton 70\\nCockloftHall 14\\nColumbia Academy 30\\nCombs, Moses N 2\\nCommunipaw 28\\nFerry xvii\\nCongregationalism in Newark 5\\nC ran ford 51\\nCushetunk 70\\nMountain viii\\nDeer exterminated in 1835-36 91\\nDenmark 74\\nDeserted Village, the 54\\nDorincourt 80\\nDover 74\\nDover Iron Co 75\\nDrakesville 74\\nDunellen 60, 61\\nEngleRock 8J\\nEcrho Lake 53\\nElizabeth 33\\npublic buildings of 35\\norigin of the name 36\\nsettlement of 36\\nold records of 38\\npre-Revolutionary history of 37\\nduring the Revolution 39\\nhistory of churches in 45\\nFairclo, Deacon 72\\nFanwood 54\\nFan wood Lake 54\\nFauna of New Jersey xii\\nFeltville 54\\nFlanders 73, 74\\nFloating Island 101\\nFinderne 66\\nFirst Mountain vii\\nFisher Tavern 65", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "105\\nPACK\\nFlora of New Jersey xii\\nFranklin, William xv, 76\\nFriedrich s Hohe 95\\nGerman Valley 72\\nGifford, Archer 3\\nGlenside 54\\nGouveneur mansion 13\\nGreen Brook 57\\nGreen Pond x, 74\\nHackett s Town 82\\nHacklebarney 72\\nHalsey Island 88, iro\\nliarvest Moon festival at Hopatcong 102\\nHeath House 79\\nHenderson Hock 101\\nHerberts, the 05\\nHigh Bridge 70\\nHighlands, climate of xiii\\nHopatcong, Lake xii, 70, 80\\nsp rt at 91\\nHopewell Crossing 100\\nHotel Breslin 3, 99\\nHudson in the Half Moon xiii. 36\\nHurd Mines x, 75, 09\\nHyde, Gov. Edward xv\\nIce period in New Jersey 87\\nIndian paths xv\\nIndian skeleton 89\\nIndustries xxi\\nIron-founding in Newark 3\\nliving on Communipaw 32\\nJacksonsbrook 75\\nJansen, William xvii\\nJob Male Library of Plainfield 59\\nKenvil 74\\nKnox, General 61\\nKnyphausen in Morristown 40\\nLafayette in Bergen 38\\nLake Denmark 74\\nLake Hopatcong 87. 102\\nLee, Major Henry 66, 69\\nLe. .ni Lenape Indians xv, 77\\nL Hommedieu Meadow $0", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "106\\nPAGE\\nLime in Clinton 70\\nin German Valley xi\\nLittle Pond 88\\nLivingston, Gov. William 40, 47\\nLivingston, Susannah 33\\nMaxwell, General 40\\nMinerals of New Jersey xii\\nMoraine term in New Jersey ix\\nMorris County, iron industries of 75\\nMorris Canal feeder 95\\nMorris Pond 100\\nMount Lebanon 71\\nMount Parnassus 71\\nMusconetcong Valley xii, 71, 83\\nNariticong Indians 88\\nNetherwood 54\\nNepanese Cove 96, 99\\nNewark 1\\nmanufacturers of 2\\nsettlement of 5\\npopulation of 5\\nsocial history of 5\\nterritory, price paid for G\\nderivation of name 7\\nRevolutionary history of 13\\nelection contest in 13\\nhistoric buildings in 14\\npublic library 16\\nhorse-car line 17\\npublic buildings 15-17\\nchurches in 7-12, 18-21\\nparks, cemeteries, clubs 21\\nrailroad lines 18, 22-24\\nbusiness activity of 25\\nNew Jersey Historical Society 16\\nAssociation 27\\ntopography of vii\\nJockey Club 48\\nNew Market 60\\nNolan s Point Villa 98\\nNolan s Point 92, 99\\nNormauiggin Brook 53\\nNorth Piainfield 56", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "107\\nPAGE\\nOgden, David 6, 76\\nOgden Mine 99\\nOrange Mountain 58\\nPeddie memorial 19\\nPenn, John 70\\nPamrapo 29\\nPauw, Michael 28\\nPavonia 28\\ndevastated by Indians 29\\nPeach culture in German Valley 72, 73\\nPhillipsburg G9, 71\\nPlainfield 56\\nsettlement of CO\\nsubterranean flow of wa er under 57\\nhealthfulness of 57\\npublic schools of 59\\nclubs, schools and societies 59\\nPlumbago at High Bridge 71\\nPoint, the 84\\nPoint Mill 85\\nPort Oram 74\\nProspect Hill 41\\nPuritan settlement of Newark 5\\nQuaker Iron Works 75\\nQuaquahela 90\\nQueen s Rangers 68\\nRahway River 52\\nRaritan River 67\\nRaritan creditor, the 63\\nRaritan North Branch 73\\nReese s Rock 71\\nRichard Mine 74\\nRockaway 74, 75\\nRockaway Valley Railroad 70\\nRockaway Rolling Mill 76\\nRoosevelt s Polacca 23\\nRoselle 51\\nRound Top 61\\nRound Valley viii, 69\\nSchoonmaker collection of Plainfield 59\\nSchooley s Mountain x, 72, 76\\niron waters, analysis of 78\\nScott s Works 4", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "108\\nPAGE\\nSecond Mountain vii\\nSvvaine, Elizabeth 6\\nSharpens Rock 97\\nShoe-making in Newark 2\\nShort Hills ix\\nS mcoe s Raid 68\\nSomerville 66\\nSomerset County Fair 67\\nSperry Spring 101\\nSpringfield, battles of 41-43\\nSpruce Run 71\\nStaats House 64\\nStryker s Falls 83\\nStuyvesant, Governor xiii, 5, 24\\nStyx, the 96, 98\\nSuccasunna 75\\nTaylor mansion, the 70\\nTaylor s Iron Works 70\\nTempe Point 97\\nTories in Bergen 32\\nTreat, Robert 5\\nTrouting 73, 74\\nValley View 82\\nVan Dy ek, Hendrick 29\\nVan Horn House 65\\nVernoy 72\\nWads worth. Captain 6\\nWashington at Bound Brook 63\\nin Newark 13\\nin Morristown 40\\nInauguration Centennial 49\\nin Somerville 67\\nWashington Rock 56, 58, 61\\nWashington Valley viii\\nWatchung Mountain 53, 58\\nWeldon Forge 75\\nW.estfield ^L 52\\nearly times in J f*\\nWetumpka Falls .ST. 55\\nWheat Sheaf 51\\nWhippany Forge .j* 75\\nWhite House, view from Ol 69\\nWoodhull, William CV 73\\nWyck, Tempe .a 70 97", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "8 I\\nxv 1\\nJ\\n-he.\\nA\\nv\\n0o\\no\\nX 0o x.\\n\u00c2\u00ab/-i\\nbo X\\no\\nX 0O x.", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "f h\\nmm 4\\n*\u00c2\u00a90*\\nbo*\\nV", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "CONGRESS", "height": "2776", "width": "1623", "jp2-path": "centralrailroado00kobb_0232.jp2"}}