{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3336", "width": "2033", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "Gass_L_iit\u00c2\u00b1L\\nBook Ty 7r", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "Kev f eiipa iPTneiit s on 2H S.- o^!^ Jaiis 1177.\\nAiA Jsviinpirf k Civck .f- Ccwii ifirffiivimd\\nTtridiff niTV tlil-fo^\\nV) Iniciirnn iKrn Fnr iiiilc Hini\\nC Mdidriihrad nOn IdwiTiirriiUf\\n1) Cochnnie-v\\nc cc 11 (I lit J For( t (if }iiihhnJ,-oii(f\\nrlrl Cornmillisin i-d/iamf\\nMJi ,%CI(tir-/jrri/(iilr iif furd ortliv Assinipiuk\\nF Ml lkinsoji spo,ntioii\\nGG(i Xufht Jfairh per Onakct ffoful\\nB Onnker ilretinqlloii.^e\\nf 7St( m-I raak\\n5.0 WiUitwi Clark s House\\n7. Thomas Clur/rsffniise\\nl Americaii Irjic mif/prJff^ rcff\\n14. British ii itdtv Jfuirhood\\n000 J/r7\u00c2\u00bb Idcrs^a ttern\\nbWi Washinaton raminfj Terina twops\\n1) MttticocksJux/imentriishiiiq lip i:\\nX 17^.BritishBeqrmeid repjdsed i^jvmnijuf\\nofrhju iirdsPt /nnf/fffoii\\n65*! Eafimcid haJfiiuf _ J!\\nK l((st stand made Tn-tJieBiiti.sh |j\\nP PriiicetoTz C oUeife I!\\nTTT MftrcJi oftfie^^niericcin.s lem inqj^nceton\\nt Road to Jjnah^H-i^:^\\nLLL Fnrazch liirripd^e jj\\nSccde sJfdetaan Tnch.\\n2 3 1-\\nleJJuvixZ SzeoLTi-LLvOi.. \u00e2\u0096\u00a0^.I J.l", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "EART OF\\n(\u00e2\u0096\u00a0mlmiriiiiiTn iiltinK rriiireton tocrliihit Ihr opeiiilioii.sof th\\nAMEniC IX R: BRITISH ARMIES\\npro idii.v m()\\\\riiirjil,s /i/j^i I he /lc-wi(iii,s Uii/lrr\\nColJRali/ (ii T/r/ifoii\\nDcc: li:. ^2G 177(i\\nCoiiiptlal b\\\\ C.C.Havc//\\n1il1859. CMeflyfeom\\nWilkinson s )fn//oinsS- I[(ip. i\\n.;=^_\\nllMdeix,^\\ni lolliltic (.ll)(( l) .lM7r(\\nl!nii/c iil dr/t U ii.v/niit//()/i\\nh diilr 1)1 ^nnryiiii.s- t/i\\\\i.\\\\ioit ,---,c,\\n}l /ionA;r. v (\u00e2\u0080\u00a2/\u00e2\u0080\u00a2ri-r/ f//// /iti// /inIr.v~\\nfa Trenton\\nJiOiiil h h ra/ /itic/ n onr niilr\\na(/irti//ii(frn\\\\\\n(i(n! Ihrhin.niii\\nItufJirrlbrtl-s-\\nlliwsinn.vxiffrrrnlrr\\nHitii(lxh i/ ror//,y\\n^rott L(nt\\\\fOTi .(the Favkerwrhy/iiiuiTirxi/hf\\nt ninomsTmrr\\nKr\\\\ lO (M1LJJI _ IIICI|(S0M I\\nW\\\\ A.sMuiiiiii k I lyrk X-thiiiiil ii cjtnnniil\\nJ iri////f rrr i/iflf)\\nW Iiiirrirnii iirar l )\\\\c iinir li ini\\nMdidfiilirtul nOif hinrnlcciillr\\n.1) Corlintiirx\\nICC 11(1 ml /vi/ys-/ (I I -Klinhhrilfiinii\\ndrl foz-nnril/is ii/ cn/uinn\\nlilili S/./7(fi/-/ /-n/ftr/r (il lord t I lhc ly\\\\ii/ifiiiil\\nF WilUiiiXDii A/iiMilion\\nOG(i A i/i/il .llo/f// fir/- Onnkn- iiiifl\\nI! Oi ifikci Mrcli/ifi 11(11 i-sr\\nj \\\\SU nv Hiyiii/,-\\nWnfinni Clttrh .w floii.w\\n7. T/in/iiiis f liir/iSiloiiM\\nl Atni-rirtin Ihir nnr/rr-J/ Trr/-\\nI. /Irifi^/i niiilor .Uiovlii od\\nMonl(lir.\\\\- H(ill,-i;\\\\\\n1)1)1) ll /i.v/titi/tlo/i /t/llfnn/ I cinnr Inm/i.v\\nli lli/tliim-l,- -y A rqi/rn /n /-//.yliiiiif up\\n/r l Jlnli.y/i ry/iiiiriil ny/nhrr/ ,i iii/i/nio/\\noil loinrn/.y A //////in\\nIl //tf\\nK L/i.yl -yl/i//// /nn/lr l/\\\\/ ln /i/i.v//\\nV h iiic/ lo fhl/c/f/\\n\\\\TV Afri/r/i l//r.hn /-//////.y //\u00e2\u0096\u00a0//li/t/f\\nZ No/i/l If) fi///fi-yirfr/,-\\n1,1,1, ir//i/ii 7i//ii/iil.c\\n.S caIr Jf/J/ liK/n\\nMoi", "height": "2762", "width": "3857", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "1:.\\nOF THE\\nmi7\\n1\\nNEW JERSEY,\\nEiiilraclni a F^jriolof Nearly Tfo HiiMreil lear^j\\nCOMMENCING IN 1 6 76, THE FIRST SETTLEMENT OF THE TOWN,\\nAND EXTENDING UP TO THE PRESENT TIME, WITH OFFICIAL\\nRECORDS OF THE POPULATION, EXTENT OF THE TOWN\\nAT DIFFERENT PERIODS, ITS MANJFACTORIES,\\nCHURCH HISTORY, AND FIRE DEPARTMENT.\\nBy JOHN O. ^AUM.\\nTRENTON, N. J-:\\nM T. NICHOLSON CO., PRINTERS.\\n187I.\\n7T", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "INDEX\\nCnAPTER I.\\nPAGE\\nLetters pcatent of Charles II. to the Duke of York, 1664 Con-\\nsideration for the grant Power and authority Seal of the\\nprovince of New York afSxed^James, Duke of York, re-\\nleases to Lord John Berkley and Sir George Carteret, June\\n24th, 1664, the province of Nova Csesarea or New Jersey\\nConsideration money Concessions or agreements of the\\nLords Proprietors Powers of the Governor Powers of\\nother ofHcers Allegiance to the Crown and fidelity to the\\nLords Proprietors Courts Levy taxes Establish militia\\nNaturalization Land grants to settlers Highways and\\nstreets First Governor East and West Jersey 1\\nCHAPTER II.\\nFirst Legislature Laws of first Session Every Male to furnish\\nhimself Arms and Ammunition Punishment for Arson\\nFalse Swearing Kidnapping Burglary Stealing Pun-\\nishment of Witches Smiting or Cursing Father or Mother\\nNight-walking, Drinking, and frequenting Tippling-houses\\nDefraying the Public Expenses Licenses for Marriage\\nRunaway Apprentices and Servants Fine for Transporting\\nor Harboring the Same Drunkenness, how Punished\\nBrand-mark for Horses and Cattle\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ordinary Trading with\\nIndians prohibited Working on Sunday, how punished\\nWhat Goods exempt from destraint Weights and Measures\\nto be sealed Leather to be sealed First Day of Public\\nThanksgiving in the Province Governor s Salary Division\\nof the Province into Four Counties General Assembly,\\nCourts, Public Records removed from Elizabethtown to\\nAmboy Perth Division of the Counties School-masters\\nestablished Schools regulated Concessions and Agree-\\nments between East and West Jersey, etc., etc 15", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "iy INDEX.\\nCHAPTER III.\\nPAGE\\nFirst Patent When granted Extent of Land contained therein\\nReservations made by the Crown Pretended claim of the\\nDutch and Swedes New Jersey When set off from New\\nYorli Extent of East and West Jersey First Purchases\\nConsideration paid for Lands First Settlement at Burling-\\nton Flood at Delaware Falls Littleworth, the original\\nname of Trenton 29\\nCHAPTER IV.\\nFirst Settlers of Yorkshire Tenth, northern part of Hopewell\\nTownship When taken up Trenton and Ewing Location\\nPopulation Religious Institutions, etc. Lands in Tren-\\nton and Hopewell 41\\nCHAPTER V.\\nThe places of Public Worship Friends Episcopalian Presby-\\nterian First houses in Trenton William Trent s purchase\\nBoundaries of Burlington Creation of Hunterdon County\\nMrs. Penelope Stout shipwrecked, and attacked and badly\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0wounded by the Indians Her recovery and Descendants\\nFirst Courts in Hunterdon -Where held First Judges\\nGrand Juries, etc. High Sheriff s complaint of the Jail\\nTrial of the Rev. John Rowland for Theft, and of Rev.\\nWilliam Tennent for Peijury 50\\nCHAPTER VI.\\nFirst Courts in Trenton Original Boundaries of the Town\\nPlace of the first Court-IIouse of the County of Hunterdon\\nTrenton Bank The town named Trenton Colonel Wil-\\nliam Trent First Families Mr. Trent s first Residence^\\nNaming the Town Builders of Friends Meeting-House\\nFirst Borough Charter from George II., including from\\nCrosswicks Creek to Amwell First Borough Officers\\nDivision of the town and country Congregations Trenton\\nmade the seat of Government 67", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "INDEX. y\\nCHAPTER VII.\\nSecond Charter of the city\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Officers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Market Houses\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nMayors\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Eecorders\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Aldermen\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Pillory and Whipi^ing-\\npost\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Prevalence of the Yellow Fever\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Government\\nOffice removed to Trenton\u00e2\u0080\u0094 President Adams residence\\nhere\u00e2\u0080\u0094 South Trenton\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Its incorporation with the city-\\nBoundaries of the city.. 174\\nCHAPTER VIII.\\nChurches and their Pastors\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Presbyterian\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Epi\u00c2\u00abcopal\u00e2\u0080\u0094Church\\nat Lawrence Church in Ewing\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Separation of the city and\\ncountry Congregations\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Evangelical Church\u00e2\u0080\u0094 German Re-\\nformed Church\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Reformed Dutch Church\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Baptist Churches\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Methodist Churches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Roman Cathohc Churches\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Evan-\\ngelical Lutheran Church\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Univerialist Church, etc 87\\nCHAPTER IX.\\nFirst Presbyterian Cliurch\u00e2\u0080\u0094 New Building\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mysterious Vault\\nChurch in Maidenhead\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ewing\u00e2\u0080\u0094 German Reformed Church\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Evangelical Society\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Reformed Dutch Church\u00e2\u0080\u0094 St. Mi-\\nchael s Church St. Paul s Church\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Trinity Church\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Metho-\\ndist Episcopal Churches, etc., etc 104\\nCHAPTER X.\\nTrenton in 1776 Extent of the town\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Queen street Front\\nstreet\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Second street\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Zing street\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Route taken by the\\nAmerican Army\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Generals Washington, Greene, Sullivan,\\nDickinson, Ewing, Sterling, Mercei Stevens, Cadwalader,\\nMifflin Colonels Baylor and Brearley Captains William\\nWashington, Forrest, and Morris Lord Cornwalhs, British\\nCommandeiMn-Chief- Colonel Rahl, Hessian Commander\\nCrossing the Delaware\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Washington s guides to the city-\\nCommencement of the battle\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Lieutenant Monroe\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bravery\\nof Mrs. Clarke\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Council of war\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Retreat of the American\\nArmy by the Sandtown road across Quaker bridge to Stony\\nBrook Death of General Mercer 152", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "vi INDEX.\\nCHAPTER XI.\\nPAGE\\nSecond battle, or Cannonading of Trenton\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Battle of Princeton\\nEagle Tavern Council of war Retreat of the Americans\\nby the Sandtown road, across Quaker bridge, to Stony Brook\\nDeath of General Mercer Major Trent Obituary notice\\nof the death of Judge Trent Destruction of the bridges in\\nWarren and Greene streets Destruction of Trent s old mill\\nby flood H. McCall s purchase Destruction of the Ameri-\\ncan Inn by fire 168\\nCHAPTER XII.\\nWashington s Reception at Trenton in 1789 An unpublished\\nnote of General Washington to tlie Ladies of Trenton\\nPopulation of the city in 1810, 20, 40, 50, 55, 60, 70\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nCapital invested in Arts and Manufactories Roads, Travel-\\ning, etc. Blazing Star Ferrjr Delaware and Raritan Canal\\n;:nd Camden and Amboy Railroad 182\\nCHAPTER XIII.\\nLiterary Institutions Newsjiapers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 New Jersey Gazette State\\nGazette True American Emporium People s Advocate\\nUnion Argus Plaindealer Sheet Anchor New Jersey\\nTemperance Herald Weekly Visitor Daily News Clay\\nBanner Trentonian^Republican Privateer Reformer and\\nNew Jersey Temperance Advocate Mercer Standard Free\\nPress Trenton Academy Public and Private Schools\\nLibraries Apprentices Library Trenton Library Consti-\\ntutional Library Trenton Institute Irving Institute Me-\\nchanics Institute Trenton Lyceum 210\\nCHAPTER XIV.\\nManufactories Stacy s Mill erected in 1680 Steel Works of\\nStacjr Potts in 1776 Fithian s Cotton Mill Converted into\\na Paper Mill Subsequent Owners of Paper Mill Coxe s\\nMill, 1756\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Steel Works built in 1769\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Betts and Parmly s\\nNail Factory, 1800\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hall and Anderson s Distillery, 1800\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nBilling s Carding Machine in 1817 Mill of Lawrence Huron\\nin 1814 Sartori s Calico Factory, 1817 Brister s Mills, and\\nthe various Manufactories on the Trenton Water Power,\\netc., etc 234", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "INDEX. vii\\nCHAPTER XV.\\nPAGE\\nISTew Jersey State Prison First Opening in 1798 Its Builder\\nThe Guard-house, or Sentry Box Two Men Shot in an\\nAttempt to Escape One Killed, the other badly Wounded\\nEnlargement of Old Prison Inscription on Old Prison\\nCommencement and Completion of New Prison New Jer-\\nsey Arsenal New Jersey Lunatic Asylum 258\\nCHAPTER XVI.\\nMiscellaneous First Post-Office in Trenton, where located and\\nby whom kept Each subsequent Postmaster under the dif-\\nferent Administrations to the Present Time Quartering of\\nTroops at Trenton, in 1755, by King George II. Charter of\\nBridge across tlie Delaware To whom Granted Erection\\nof Bridge\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Floods in the Delaware Destruction of Bridges\\non the Same Trenton V^ater Works Charter, to whom\\nGranted Charter Transferred to the City Officers Ap-\\npointed by the City Banking Institutions-^Trenton Bank\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094State Bank\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mechanics and Manufacturers Bank\u00e2\u0080\u0094 America\\nBank Trenton Saving Fund Lodges, Masonic and Odd\\nFellows 268\\nCHAPTER XVII.\\n3Ieeting of Congress at Trenton Visit of Lafayette Congres-\\nsional Buildings on the Delaware Robbery of the State\\nTreasury Professor D Ossiere ^^Contraband Goods Seized\\nFirst Almanac Court of Admiralty Judge Trent s Planta-\\ntion Stage Boats Dialogue between Satan and Arnold\\nUnited States National Bank Ferries Isaac Collins Quarto\\nBible\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Church Lottery\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sand-Bai 290\\nCHAPTER XVIII.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2State House\u00e2\u0080\u0094 State Library State Librarian Government\\nHouse Encroachment upon State Property by Citizens of\\nTi enton Water Works John Fitch, the Inventor of the\\nSteamboat City of Trenton Wards Borough of South\\nTrenton Congress Elections Model Message of the Gov-\\nernor\u00e2\u0080\u0094Resolution Fire Company Trenton and New Bruns-\\nwick Turnpike Company Lottery to remove Obstructions\\nin the Delaware 311", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "viii INDEX.\\nCHAPTEE XIX.\\nPAGE\\nThe Old Jail State Bank Trenton Aqueduct Company War\\nof 1812 Trenton Library Company Mayor s Court Manu-\\nfacturing Companies Mercer Cemetery Eiverview Ceme-\\ntery Temperance Beneficial Society Trenton Insurance\\nCompany Evangelical Reformed Church Trenton Monii-\\nment Association Nottingham Schools 340\\nCHAPTER XX.\\nTrenton Iron Comj^any Trenton Mutual Life and Fire Insur-\\nance Company Trenton Gas Light Company^Union Health\\nInsurance Company Trenton and Lehigh Transportation\\nCompany Pacific Mutual Insurance Company Locomotive\\nWorks Widows Home Patent Promoting Company\\nTrenton Boat and Dockyard Company Horse Railroad\\nCity Bridge Union Industrial Home Association Masonic\\nHall Association 349\\nCHAPTER XXI.\\nTrenton Arms Company -Trenton Car Works Normal and\\nModel Schools Trenton Chain Manufactory Normal\\nSchool Boarding-House Trenton Co-operative Benefit So-\\nciety Soldiers Children s Home Trenton Lock Company\\nDelaware Manufacturing Company Trenton PI all and\\nBuilding Association\u00e2\u0080\u0094 New Jersey Silver Mining Company\\nEast Trenton Land and Building Association 355\\nCHAPTER XXII.\\nTrenton Skating Park Club Trenton Gold and Silver Mining\\nCompany Ransome Patent Stone Company Trenton Vise\\nand Tool Company Yuma Silver Mining Company Cen-\\ntral Market Mercer Gold and Silver Mining Company\\nNational Pottery Company Trenton Agricultural Works\\nNew Jersey Pottery Company Union Pottery Company\\nTrenton Woolen Com.pany Trenton Ice Company Conti-\\nnental Saw Company Washington Market Association\\nMerchants and Traders Protective Union.., 358", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "INDEX. ix\\nCHAPTER XXIII.\\nPAGE\\nSwearing by the Uplifted Hand Trenton Academy Two Crimi-\\nnals pardoned under the Gallows Sale of Stills at Beatty s\\nFerry Lower Trenton Ferry Association to Prevent Trade\\nwith the Eneni)^ Ratification of the Treaty of Peace 362\\nCHAPTER XXIV.\\nEvery Man a Soldier To Provide Himself a Musket, and all\\nthe Necessary Ammunition First Organized Military Com-\\npanies -Names of the Different Military Companies and\\ntheir Officers, from 1776 to 1870\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Late Rebellion-\\nNumber of Men Liable to do Military Duty in the State\\nNumber of Men Sent into the Field Excess Over all Calls\\nMade by the Executive of the United States Expenses of\\nFitting Them Out Soldiers Children s Home 376\\nCHAPTER XXV.\\nFire Department Fire Association for the Relief of Disabled\\nFiremen Firemen s Beneficial Association Fire Compa-\\nnies Union Restoration Hand-in-Hand Resolution\\nEagle Delaware Good Will Hai-mony Trenton Hose,\\nNo. 1 America Hose, No. 2 Hook and Ladder Companies\\nProtection Trenton Hose 389\\nCHAPTER XXVI.\\n-Additional Manufactories Omitted under their Appropriate\\nHeads\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Shoemaker s Almanac Thomas Chalkley s Narra-\\ntive of Travel Blazing Star Hotel Bull s Head Hotel\\nIndian King and Indian Queen Hotels Trenton Directories\\nVeto of Mayor Hamilton Indigent Widows and Single\\nWomen s Home 141", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "PREFACE.\\nTHERE is no city but has its local interests, which, when collected\\ntogether and placed before its citizens, call up recollections of many things\\nlong since forgotten, and which, but for the historian, would never again, per-\\nhaps, have been called to mind. The time and development of its resources,\\nits public improvements, when and where constructed, and its public institu-\\ntions, when and where erected, are all matters of local, if not general interest.\\nThe compiler of this work has labored to lay before the public the origin, first\\nsettlement, its manufacturing interests, from the earliest day to the present\\ntime, together with all matters that he thought would be of interest, not only\\nto the citizens of Trenton, but to many who have been residents, but now\\nremoved to other parts.\\nHe does not claim that the work contains everything that has transpired\\nduring nearly two centuries of our, existence as a village, borough, town, and\\ncity. He has, nevertheless, culled from the voluminous matter that has come\\nto hand such things as he supposed would be of peculiar interest to our\\npresent inhabitants, as it would be an impossibility to present in detail, in a\\nsingle volume, all mattei-s of an interesting nature that have occurred in our\\ncity during the period covered by this history.\\nThis volume is mainly compiled from authentic sources, as the compiler has\\nhad full and free access to all documents contained in the State Library, from\\nwhich most of the information herein presented has been obtained. It is\\nintended to show the origin and hrst settlement of a city which, in its revo-\\nlutionary history, is second to no other city on our continent, and which con-\\ntains within itself the elements of everything that should make it a thriving\\nand prosperous city. Its facilities for manufacturing purposes are unsurpassed,\\nbeing so contiguous to the great markets of the western world the cheapness\\nof its lands, its extensive water power, and facilities for shipping to all parts", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "xii PREFACE.\\nof the world, render it truly a desirable place for all kinds of manufactories.\\nYet, while it possesses these great advantages, it is at least twenty-five years\\nbehind the age in those, elements which tend to make a city great. Possessino-\\nthe facilities which we do, there is nothing to prevent our city achieving\\ngreatness, except the want of enterprise in its present inhabitant s, and particu\\nlarly in the kind of material of which the legislative branch of our city is at\\npresent composed. Instead of encouraging enterprise, they seem to desire to\\nthrow every obstacle in the way. Our streets, instead of being paved, present\\nthe appearance of a country village; our city is poorly lighted, and police\\nregulations bad. Thousands of dollars are annually spent upon the streets,\\nand no one can see Avhere the money is expended. If, on the contrary, the\\namount of money now expended in putting on a few loads of gravel, to-be\\nwashed down the hills the first rain that occurs, should be used in paving at\\nleast one street in each year, we would, in a few years, find all our streets\\nhandsomely paved, with no additional expense to the tax payers, and they\\nwould then present a neat city appearance, free from dust and mud, and not\\nthat of a hamlet of the olden time, as they now do. There is no city better\\nlocated for paving than ours; it requires no sewerage, as nature has amply\\nprovided all the drainage necessary. All we want is enterprise, and until we\\nget this -we cannot even boast of being a city in appearance.\\nHoping this history, which has been compiled with great care, but which\\nthe author does not claim as being perfect, and regrets that it was not gotten\\nup by some abler hand, will be an acceptable offering, and prove satisfactory\\nto all who may read it, is the earnest wish of\\nTHE COMPILER.\\nTrenton, August i, 1S71.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "jv\\nISTORY OF\\nRENTON.\\nCHAPTER I.\\nJLette7 s patent of Charles II. to the Duke of York, 1664 Considera-\\ntion for the grant Power and authority Seal of the province\\nof New York affixed\u00e2\u0080\u0094 James, Duke of York, releases to Lord\\nJohn Berkley and Sir George Ca7 teret, June 2A^th, 1664, the\\nprovince of Nova Ccesarea or New Jersey Consideration\\nmoney Concessions or agreejnents of the Lords Proprietors\\nPowers of the Governor Powers of other officers Allegiance\\nto the Crown and fidelity to the Lords Proprietors Courts\\nLevy taxes Establish militia Naturalization Laiid grants\\nto settlers Highways and streets First Governor Past and\\nWest Jersey.\\nALTHOUGH this work is intended as a history of Trenton,\\nI have taken the liberty of inserting at the commencement\\n.a few pages of state history, believing the same will be interest-\\ning to the general reader, giving him an insight into the first\\nformation of our state, its habits and customs. Besides, the\\nboundaries of our city have been so often changed, that in order\\nfully to set them before the public, it is necessary to show the\\n.original bounds of the entire state.\\nTrenton, at one time, was in Monmouth county, then in Bur-\\nlington and Hunterdon counties, and now in Mercer. At one\\nitime it was in Hopewell, Ewing, and Nottingham townships; it\\nA", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "2 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nnow comprises an entire township, not designated as such, but\\nknown as the city of Trenton.\\nAnd alsOj because, as stated by Dr. Hall, in his History of the\\nPresbyterian Church, the territory embraced in the present\\nbounds of the city of Trenton lies so near the boundary between\\nthe Berkley and the Carteret grants, or the eastern and the\\nwestern sections of the provine, that its history is connected\\nwith that of both the original divisions.\\nThe first discoveries made in this country were in 1497, on the\\ntwenty-fourth of June, by John Cabot, a native of Venice, under\\na commission given by Henry VII. of England. He discovered\\nwhat is now known as the Island of New Foundland.\\nHis son, Sebastian, made a second voyage to this continent,\\nand in the month of May, 1498, discovered a large extent of\\nthis country.\\nMany years subsequent, Sebastian made a third voyage, under\\nthe direction of Henry VIII. of England, and discovered the\\nmost southern section of the country, which he named Florida.\\nHe did not attempt to establish a settlement, but took posses-\\nsion of the country on behalf of the crown of England.\\nIn 1500 two voyages were made to this country by the\\nPortuguese.\\nIn 1508 the coast was visited by Normandy fishermen, and in\\n1523 a more formidable undertaking was entered upon by the\\nFrench, to establish colonies in this country, under command of\\nJohn Veranzo, a Florentine navigator of high repute. Francis\\nI. fitted out four ships and placed them under his command.\\nIn 1606, during the reign of James I., a patent was issued\\nby that monarch dividing Virginia, which at that time included\\nnearly the whole country, into two equal parts. In the second\\npart was included what are now the states of Maryland, Dela-\\nware, Pennsylvania, and part of New Jersey.\\nThe following grants and concessions will more particularly\\ndesignate the founding of our state\\nAmong the grants and concessions in Carteret s time, between\\n1664 and 1682, published by Aaron Leaming and Jacob Spicer,\\nand printed by William Bradford, of Philadelphia, printer to\\nthe King s Most Excellent Majesty for the province of New", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 3\\nJersey, containing the acts of the proprietary government before\\nthe surrender of Queen Anne, the instrument of the surrender,\\nand her formal acceptance thereof.\\nIn Lord Cornbury s commission and instructions consequent\\nthereon, published by virtue of an act of the legislature of the\\nsaid province, we find, among a number of other things, the\\nfollowing\\nAnne, by the Grace of God of Great Britain, France, and\\nIreland, Queen, defender of the faith, c. To all whom these\\nour present letters shall come, greeting know ye, that among\\nthe records remaining in our secretary s office of our province of\\nNew York, in America, at our fort at New York, in America,\\nwe have inspected certain letters patents granted unto his late\\nRoyal Highness, James, Duke of York, deceased, which fol-\\nloweth in these words\\nCharles II., by the Grace of God, King of England,\\nScotland, France, and Ireland, defender of the faith, c. To\\nall to whom these presents shall come, greeting know ye, who\\nfor divers good causes and considerations us thereunto moving,\\nhave of our especial grace, certain knowledge, and mere motion,\\ngiven and granted, and by these presents for us, our heirs, and\\nsuccessors, do give and grant unto our dearest brother, James,\\nDuke of York, his heirs and assigns, all that part of the main-\\nland of New England, begining at a certain place called or\\nknown by the name of St. Croix, next adjoining to New Scot-\\nland in America, and from thence extending along the sea coast\\nunto a certain place called Petuaquine or Pequamaquid, and so\\nlip the river thereof to the farthest head of the same as it tendeth\\nnorthward and extending from thence to the river of Kenebeque,\\nand so upwards by the shortest course to the river of Canada,,\\nnorthward. And also, all that Island of Islands, commonly\\ncalled by the several name or names of Matowacks or Long\\nIsland, situate, lying, and being towards the west of Cape Cod\\nand the Narrow Higansetts, abutting upon the main land\\nbetween the two rivers there, called or known by the several\\nnames of Connecticut or Hudson s river together, also, with the\\nsaid river called Hudson s river, and all the lands from the west\\nside of Connecticut to the east side of Delaware bay. And also.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "4 HISTOR Y OF TKENTON.\\nall these several islands called or known by the names of Martin s^\\nVine3^ard and Nantukes, or otherwise Nantuckett together with\\nall the lands, islands, soils, rivers, harbors, mines, minerals;,\\nquarries, woods, marshes, waters, lakes, fishings, hawkings,\\nhuntings, and fowlings and all other ro)^altys, profits, com-\\nmodities and hereditaments to said several islands, lands, and\\npremises belonging and appertaining, with their and every of\\ntheir appurtenances and all our estate, right, title, interest,\\nbenefit, advantage, claim, and demand of, in, or to the said-\\nlands and premises, or any part or parcel thereof, and the\\nreversion and reversions, remainder and remainders; together\\nwith the yearly and other rents, revenues, and profits of all and\\nsingular the said premises, and of every part and parcel thereof.\\nTo be given and granted unto our dearest brother, James, Duke\\nof York, his heirs and assigns, forever to be holden of us, our\\nheirs and successors, as of our manor of East Greenwich, in our\\ncounty of Kent, in free and common soccage, and not in capitie,.\\nnor by knight service yielding and rendering.\\nIt was stipulated in the grant, that James, Duke of York, and\\nhis heirs and assigns, were to render yearly and every year, forty\\nbeaver skins when they shall be demanded, within ninety days\\nafter.\\nHe was also granted, his heirs, deputies, agents, commis-\\nsioners, and assigns, full and absolute power and authority to.\\ncorrect, punish, pardon, govern, and rule all subjects within\\nsaid territory, in all causes and matters, capital and criminal, as-\\ncivil, both marine and others, as near as may be agreeable to the\\nlaws, statutes, and government of this our realm of England.\\nAnd to appoint all officers.\\nThis grant goes on to cite many other things, but as they\\ndo not relate particularly to the object in view, I deem it\\nunnecessary to copy the whole letters patent. It concludes as\\nfollows\\nIn witness whereof we have caused these our letters to be-\\nmade patent. Witness ourself at Westminster, the twelfth day\\nof March, in the sixteenth year of our reign. By the King.\\nHoward^", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nAll which by the tenor of these presents we have caused\\nto be exemplified. In testimony whereof we have caused our\\nseal of our said province of New York to be hereunto affixed.\\nWitness our trusty and well-beloved Robert Hunter, esq., our\\ncaptain-general and governor-in-chief of our provinces of New\\nYork, New Jersey, and territories thereon depending in America,\\nand vice admiral of the same, and at our fort at New York,\\nthis thirtieth day of October, in the tenth year of our reign.\\nH. WiLEMAN,\\nDep. Sec yr\\nOn the 24th day of June, in the sixteenth year of the reign of\\nLord Charles II., Anno Domini 1664, James, Duke of York,\\nreleased to John Lord Berkley, Baron of Stratton, and one of\\nHis Majesty s most Honorable Privy Council, and Sir George\\nCarteret, of Saltrum, in the county of Devon, Knight, and one\\nof His Majesty s most Honorable Privy Council, for and in\\nconsideration of a competent sum of good and lawful money of\\nEngland to his said Royal Highness, James, Duke of York, in\\nhand paid by the said John Lord Berkley and Sir George\\nCarteret, granted, bargained, sold, released, and confirmed unto\\nthe said John Lord Berkley and Sir George Carteret, all that\\ntract of land adjacent_ to New England, and lying and being to\\nthe westward of Long Island and Manhitas Island, and bounded\\non the east part by the main sea, and part by Hudson s river,\\nand hath upon the west Delaware bay or river, and extending\\nsouthward to the main ocean as far as Cape May, at the mouth\\nof Delaware bay, and to the northward as far as the northmost\\nbranch of the said bay or river of Delaware, which is forty-one\\ndegrees and forty minutes of latitude, and crosses over thence\\nin a straight line to Hudson s river in forty-one degrees of\\nlatitude which said tract of land is hereafter to be called by the\\nname or names of New Ceesarea or New Jersey.\\nFor which they were to yield and render unto the said\\nJames, Duke of York, his heirs and assigns, for the said tract of\\nland and premises, yearly and every year, the sum of twenty\\nnobles of lawful money of England, if the same shall be lawfully", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "6 HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\ndemanded, at or in the Inner Temple Hall, London, at the-\\nFeast of St. Michael, the Archangel, yearly.\\nJAMES.\\nSigned, sealed, and delivered in the presence of\\nWiLLrAM COVENRYE.\\nThomas Heywood.\\nThe first act of the lords proprietors was to grant concessions\\nor agreements for the government of the province of New\\nCeesarea or New Jersey, to and with all and every the adven-\\nturers and all such as shall settle or plant there.\\nThe governor of the province had power, by and with the-\\nconsent of his council, to depute one in his place and authority,\\nin case of death or removal, to continue until further order,\\nunless the proprietors had commissioned one before. He also\\nhad power to make choice of and take to him six counselors at\\nleast, or twelve at most, or any even number between six and\\ntwelve, with whose advice and consent, or with at least three of\\nthe six, or four of a greater number (all being summoned), he is\\nto govern according to the limitations and instructions following,\\nduring our pleasure.\\nThese instructions provided for a chief secretary or register,^\\n(who they were to choose, or in case of failure on their part, the\\ngovernor was to choose), to keep exact entries in fair books, of\\nall public affairs to avoid deceits and lawsuits to record and\\nenter all grants of land from the lords to the planters, and all\\nconveyances of lands, house or houses from man to man all\\nleases for land, house or houses, made or to be made by the\\nlandlord to any tenant for more than one year.\\nThe surveyor-general was to be chosen by the proprietors, or\\nin case of their failure to choose, to be appointed by the gover-\\nnor, whose duty it should be to lay out, survey, and bound all\\nsuch lands as shall be granted from the lords to the planters\\nand all other lands within the said province. And in case they\\nmisbehave themselves, as that the governor and council, or\\ndeputy governor and council, or the major part of them, shall\\nfind it reasonable to suspend their actings in their respective::.-", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nemployment, it shall be lawful for them so to do, until further\\norders from us.\\nThat the governor, counselors, assemblymen, secretary, sur-\\nveyor, and all other officers of trust, shall swear or subscribe\\n(in a book to be provided for that purpose), that they will bear\\ntrue allegiance to the King of England, his heirs and successors;\\nand that they will be faithful to the interests of the lords\\nproprietors of the said province, and their heirs, executors, and\\nassigns, and endeavor to promote the peace and welfare of\\nthe said province and that they will truly and faithfully\\ndischarge their respective trust in their respective offices, and\\ndo equal justice to all men, according to their best skill and\\njudgment, without corruption, favor, or affection and the names\\nof all that have sworn or subscribed, to be entered into a book.\\nAnd whosoever shall subscribe and not swear, and shall violate\\nhis promise in that subscription, shall be liable to the same\\npunishment that the persons are or may be that have sworn and\\nbroken their oaths.\\nAll persons who were or should become subjects of the King of\\nEngland, and swear or subscribe allegiance to the king and-\\nfaithfulness to the lords, were admitted to plant and become\\nfree men of the said province. No person was to be molested,,\\npunished, disquieted, or called in question for any difference ia\\nopinion or practice in matters of religious concernments, but all\\nwere freely and fully to have and enjoy his and their judgments\\nand consciences in matters of religion throughout the said\\nprovince, and under no pretence was the liberty of conscience-\\nto be infringed.\\nThe inhabitants, being freemen, were to make choice of twelve\\ndeputies or representatives from among themselves, to join the\\ngovernor and council in making such laws as may be necessary\\nfor the present good and welfare of the province.\\nAs soon as parishes, divisions, tribes, and other distinctions\\nwere made, the inhabitants or freeholders of the same were\\nannually to meet on the ist day of January, and choose free-\\nholders for each respective division, tribe, or parish to be the\\ndeputies or representatives of the same, a majority of whom, with.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "8 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nthe governor and council, were to be the general assembly for\\nthe province.\\nPower was granted the general assembly to constitute and\\nappoint such and so many ministers or preachers as they shall\\nthink fit, and to establish their maintenance giving liberty\\nbeside, to any person or persons to keep and maintain what\\npreachers or ministers they please.\\nThe assembly were to have power to appoint their own time\\nand place of meeting, and the quorum was to consist of the one-\\nthird part of the whole number of members; they were\\nauthorized to enact all such laws, acts, and constitutions as shall\\nbe necessary for the well government of the said province, with\\npower to repeal them at pleasure. Said laws were not to be\\nagainst the interests of the lords proprietors, their heirs or\\nassigns, nor any of those their concessions it was especially\\nprovided that they be not repugnant to the article for liberty of\\nconscience.\\nThe laws thus made were to be in force one year and no more.\\nunless contradicted by the lords proprietors, within which time\\nthey were to be presented to them for ratification, and being\\nconfirmed by them, they were to be in continual force till they\\nexpired by their own limitation, or by act of repeal in like\\nmanner to be passed (as aforesaid) and confirmed.\\nThey were to constitute all courts, together with the limits,\\npowers, and jurisdictions of the same also the officers and\\nnumber of officers belonging to each court, with their respective\\nsalaries, fees, and perquisites.\\nTo lay equal taxes and assessments, equally to raise moneys\\nor goods upon all lands (excepting the lands of the lords\\nproprietors before settling), in order to the better supporting of\\nthe public charge of the said government, and for the mutual\\nsafety, defence, and security of the said province.\\nTo erect within the said province such and so many manors,\\nwith their necessary courts, freedoms, and privileges, as to them\\nshall seem meet and convenient.\\nTo create ports, harbors, creeks, and other places for the\\nconvenient lading and unlading of goods and merchandise out\\nof ships, boats, and other vessels, as shall be expedient.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "HIST OR V OF TRENTON.\\n9\\nTo erect, raise, and build within the said province, or any\\npart thereof, such and so many forts, fortresses, castles, cities,\\ncorporations, boroughs, towns, villages, and other plcaes of\\nstrength and defence.\\nTo constitute trained bands and companies, with the number\\nof soldiers for the safety, strength, and defence of the said-\\nprovince, and of the forts, castles, cities, c.\\nTo suppress all mutinies and rebellions to make war, offensive\\nand defensive, with all Indians, strangers, and foreigners, as they\\nshall see cause and to pursue an enemy, as well by sea as by\\nland, if need be, out of the limits and jurisdictions of the said\\nprovince, with the particular consent of the governor, and under\\nhis conduct, or of the commander-in-chief, or whom he shall\\nappoint.\\nTo give to all strangers as to them shall seem meet, a naturali-\\nzation, and all such freedoms and privileges -within the said\\nprovince as to his majesty s subjects do of right belong, they\\nswearing or subscribing as aforesaid which said strangers so\\nnaturalized and privileged, shall be in all respects accounted in.\\nthe said province as the king s natural subjects.\\nTo prescribe the quantity of land which shall be from time to\\ntime allotted to every head, free or servant, male or female, and\\nto make and ordain rules for the casting of lots for the land and\\nthe laying out of the same.\\nTo make provision for the maintenance and support of the\\ngovernor, and for the defraying of all necessary charges for the\\ngovernment as also, that the constables of the said province\\nshall collect the lords rent, and shall pay the same to the\\nreceiver that the lords shall appoint to receive the same,,\\nunless the general assembly shall prescribe some other way\\nwhereby the lords may have their rents duly collected, without\\ncharge or trouble to them.\\nThe governor, with his council before expressed, is to see that\\nall courts established by the laws of the general assembly, and\\nall ministers and officers, civil and military, do and execute\\ntheir several duties and offices respectively, according to the\\nlaws in force and to punish them for swerving from the laws^", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "lO HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nor acting contrary to their trust, as the nature of their offences\\nshall require.\\nTo nominate and commission the several judges, members\\nand officers of courts, whether magistratical or ministerial, and\\nall other civil officers, coroners, c., and their commissions,\\npowers, and authority to revoke at pleasure.\\nTo appoint courts and officers in cases criminal and to\\nempower them to inflict penalties upon offenders against any of\\nthe laws in force in the said province, as the said laws shall\\nordain, whether by fine, imprisonment, banishment, corporal\\npunishment, or to the taking away of member or life itself, if\\nthere be cause for it.\\nTo place officers and soldiers for the safety, strength, and\\ndefence of the forts, castles, cities, c.\\nWhere they see cause, after condemnation, to reprieve until\\nthe case be presented, with a copy of the whole trial, proceed-\\nings, and proofs to the lords, who will accordingly either pardon\\nor command execution of the sentence on the offender, who is\\nin the meantime to be kept in safe custody till the pleasure of\\nthe lords be known.\\nAnd that the planting of the province may be the more\\nspeedily promoted, we do hereby grant unto all persons who\\nhave already adventured to the said province of New Caesarea or\\nNew Jersey, or shall transport themselves or servants before the\\nI St day of January, which shall be in the year of our Lord\\n1665, these following proportions, viz., to every freeman\\nthat shall go with the first governor, from the port where\\nhe embarks, or shall meet him at the rendezvous he appoints,\\nfor the settlement of a plantation there, armed with a good\\nmusket, bore twelve bullets to the pound, with ten pounds\\nof powder and twenty pounds of bullets, with bandiliers\\nand match convenient, and with six months provision for his\\nown person, arriving there, one hundred and fifty acres of land,\\nEnglish measure and for every able servant that he shall carry\\nwith him, armed and provided as aforesaid, and arriving there,\\nthe like quantity of one hundred and fifty-acres, English\\nmeasure. And whosoever shall send servants at that time, shall\\nhave for every able man-servant he or she shall send, armed and", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 1 1\\nprovided as aforesaid, and arrive there, the like quantity of one\\nhundred and fifty acres and for every weaker servant, or slave,\\nmale or female, exceeding the age of fourteen years, which any\\none shall send or carry, arriving there, seventy-five acres of\\nland and for every Christian servant, exceeding the age afore-\\nrsaid, after the expiration of their time of service, seventy-five\\n.acres of land for their own use.\\nTo every master or mistress who shall go before the ist day\\n.of January, which shall be in the year 1665, one hundred and\\ntwenty acres of land and for every able man-servant that he or\\n.she shall carry or send, armed and provided as aforesaid, and\\narriving within the time aforesaid, the like quantity of one\\nhundred and twenty acres of land and for every weaker servant\\nor slave, male or female, exceeding the age of fourteen years,\\narriving there, sixty acres of land and to every Christian\\nservant, to their own use and behoof, sixty acres of land.\\nTo every free man and free woman that shall arrive in the\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2said province, armed and provided as aforesaid, within the\\nsecond year from the ist day of January, 1665, to the ist day\\nof January, 1666, with intention to plant, ninety acres of land,\\nEnglish measure and for every man-servant that he or she\\nshall carry or send, armed and provided as aforesaid, ninety\\nacres of land of like measure.\\nFor every weaker servant or slave, aged as aforesaid, who shall\\nbe so carried or sent thither within the second year, as aforesaid,\\nforty-five acres of land of like measure and to every Christian\\nservant who shall arrive the second year, forty-five acres of land\\nof like measure.\\nTo every free man and free woman that should arrive within\\nthe third year from January, 1666, to January, 1667, three-score\\nacres of land every able man-servant, three-score acres of land\\nevery weaker servant or slave, thirty acres of land and to every\\nChristian servant thirty acres of land, after the expiration of\\ntheir time of service.\\nThe governor, council, and general assembly were to take care\\nand direct that all lands be divided by general lots, none less\\nthan two thousand one hundred acres, nor more than twenty-", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "T2 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\none thousand acres in each lot, excepting cities, towns, c., and\\nthe near lots of townships, and that the same be divided into\\nseven parts, one-seventh part to them, their heirs, and assigns\\nthe remainder to persons as they come to plant the same, in\\nsuch proportions as are allowed.\\nThe following was the form of the warrant to be given by the\\ngovernor, or whom he should depute, in case of death or\\nabsence, which was to be signed and sealed by himself and the\\nmajor part of his council, and directed to the surveyor-general\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2or his deputy, commanding him to lay out, limit, and bound\\nacres of land, according to the warrant\\nThe lords proprietors of the province of New Ccesarea or\\nNew Jersey, do hereby gra?it unto A B, of the in the\\nprovince aforesaid, a pla7itation containing acres, English\\nmeasure, bounded (^as in the certificute), to hold to him or her, his\\nor her heirs or assigns, forever, yielding and paying yearly to the\\n,said lords proprietors, their heirs or assigns, every five and\\n.twentieth day of March, according to the English account, one\\nhalfpenny of lawful money of England, for every of the said acres\\nto be holden of the manor of East Greenwich, in free and common\\nsoccage the first payment of ivhich rent to begin the five and\\ntwentieth day of March, which shall be in the year of our Lord\\none thousand six hundred and seventy, according to the Efiglish\\n.account. Given imder the seal of the said province the day\\nof iti the year of our Lord 166-.\\nConvenient proportions of land for highways and for streets,\\nnot exceeding one hundred feet in breadth in cities, towns, and\\nvillages, c., and for churches, forts, wharves, kays, harbors,\\nand for public houses and each parish for the use of their\\nministers, two hundred acres, in such places as the general\\nassembly may appoint.\\nThat the inhabitants of the said province have free passage\\nthrough or by any seas, bounds, creeks, rivers or rivulets, c.,\\nin the said province, through or by which they must necessarily\\npass to come from the main ocean to any part of the province\\naforesaid.\\nGiven under our seal of our said province, the tenth day of", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\n13\\nFebruary, in the year of our Lord one thousand six hundred\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0sixty and four.\\nJohn Berkley,\\nG. Carteret.\\nPhilip Carteret was appointed by John Lord Berkley and Sir\\nGeorge Carteret, the first governor of all that tract of land\\n.adjacent to New England, and lying and being to the westward\\n\u00c2\u00a9f Long Island and Manhitaas Island, and bounded by the east,\\npart by the main sea and part by Hudson s river and having\\nopon the west, Delaware bay, and to the northward as far as the\\naiorthermost branch of the said bay or river of Delaware, which\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0is in forty-one and forty degrees of latitude crossing over\\n:flience in a straight line to Hudson s river, in forty-one degrees\\n-\u00c2\u00a9f latitude, now commonly called by the names of New Csesarea\\nOT New Jersey J and of all the islands, inlets, rivers, and seas\\nwithin the said bounds of our said province.\\nThis commission to Governor Carteret bears date the loth\\n^y of February, 1664.\\nOn the I St day of July, 1676, New Jersey was divided into\\nilwo sections, called East and West New Jersey, Sir George\\nCarteret receiving for his share the easterly section, extending\\n-eastward and northward along the sea coast and Hudson s river,\\nfrom the east side of a certain place or harbor lying on the\\nsouthern part of the same tract of land, and commonly called or\\nsknown in a map of the said tract of land by the name of Little\\nEgg Harbor, and William Penn, Gawn Lawrie, and Nicholas\\niLucas, their heirs and assigns, receiving in severalty as their full\\npart, share, and portion of the said tract of land, in trust for\\nithe benefit of Edward Billinge, as the said undivided moiety was\\nsubject, and to be from I enceforth called and distinguished by\\nthe name of West New Jersey; all that westerly part, share, and\\nportion of the said tract of land and premises, lying on the west\\nside, and westward of the aforesaid straight and direct line drawn\\nthrough the said premises from north to south, for and in\\nconsideration of five shillirgs to them, the said William Penn,\\nGawn Lawrie, Nicholas Lucas, and Edward Billinge, in hand\\n^paid by the said Sir George Carteret, the receipt whereof they\\nB", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "I^ HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ndo here respectively acknowledge, the said Edward Billinge and\\nthey, the said William Penn, Gawn Lawrie, and Nicholas Lucas,\\nby and with the consent, direction, and appointment of the said\\nEdward Billinge, testified by his being a party hereunto, and by\\nhis sealing and executing of these presents.\\nThis westerly part, share, and portion of the said tract of land\\nand premises were, by the consent and agreement of the parties,\\ncalled by the name of West Jersey, and was all that and only all\\nthat part, share, and portion of the said tract of land and\\npremises conveyed by his said Royal Highness, as lieth extended\\nwestward, or southward from the west side of the line of said\\npartition, on the Delaware river, and extending to Egg Harbor,\\nin which what is now the city of Trenton belonged.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER II.\\nFirst Legislature Laws of first Session Every male to furnish\\nhimself arms and aijimunition Punishment for Aj-son False\\nSwearitig Kidnapping Burglary Stealing Punishment of\\nWitches Smiting or Cursing Father or Mother Night-walk-\\ning, drinking, and frequenting tippling-houses Defraying the\\nPublic Expejises Licenses for Mari iage Ptmaway appren-\\ntices and servants Fine for transporting or harborifig the same\\nDrunketiness, how Punished Brand-mark for horses and\\ncattle Ordinary Trading with Indians prohibited Working\\n071 Sunday, how punished What goods exempt from destraint\\nWeights and measiires to be sealed Leather to be sealed First\\nday of Public Thanksgiving in the Province Governor s salary\\nDivision of the Province into four counties General Assem-\\nbly, Com-ts, Public Records removed fro?n Elizabethtown to\\nAmboy Perth Division of the counties School-masters estab-\\nlished\u00e2\u0080\u0094Schools regulated Concessions and Agreements between\\nEast and West Jersey, etc. etc.\\nTHE first general assembly of the state met at Elizabethtown\\non the 26th day of May, 1668.\\nHon. Philip Carteret, governor.\\nThe council consisted of Capt. Nicholas Verlet, Daniel Pierce,\\nRobert Bond, Samuel Edsall, Robert Vanguellin, William Par-\\ndon James Bollen, secretary.\\nThe burgesses consisted of Gasper Stemmetts, Battazer Bayard,\\nfor Bergen John Ogden, John Brackett, for Elizabethtown;\\nCapt, Robert Treat, Samuel Swarne, for Newark, upon Pisha-\\nwack Fiver; John Bishop, Robert Dennes, for Woodbridge\\nJames Grover, John Bound, for Middletown and Shrewsbury.\\nThe following is an abstract of the laws passed at this first\\nsession of the provincial legislature:\\nForresisting the authority established by the lords proprietors.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "1 6 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nas the governor, justices, or any other inferior officers, either in\\nwords or actions, fine or corporal punishment, as the court shaili\\njudge, upon due examination.\\nEvery male from sixteen years and upwards, to the age of sixty\\nyears, shall be furnished, at their own cost and charges, with good^\\nand sufficient arms, and constantly maintain the same, viz., a good-\\nserviceable gun well fixed, one pound of good powder, four\\npounds of pistol bullets, or twenty-four bullets suited to the gun,,\\na pair of bandoleers, or a good horn, and a sword and belt and-\\nif any person or persons shall willfully neglect and not provide-\\nhimself according to this act, within one month after publication\\nthereof, he shall pay one shilling for the first week s neglect..\\nand for the next week s neglect and so for every week after, the\\nsum of two shillings, by way of fine, to be levied upon his orr\\ntheir goods and chattels.\\nIn the capital laws, it is enacted\\nThat if any person or persons shall maliciously, wittingly,. or-\\nwillingly set on fire any dwelling-house, out-house, store-housCy\\nbarn or stable, or any other kind of house or houses, corn, hay,,.\\nfencing, wood, flax, or any other combustible matter, to tlie-\\nprejudice and damage of his neighbor, or any other person \u00c2\u00aer\\npersons whatsoever, he or they shall be committed to prison with-\\nout bail or mainprize, and make full satisfaction j and if he or tliej^\\nare not able to make satisfaction for the damages sustained by siicb\\nwillful and malicious act, then to stand to the mercy of the court\\nwhether to be tried for life or to suffer some other corporal,\\npunishment, as the court shall judge, all circumstances being\\nfirst duly examined and considered of.\\nIf any person or persons shall willingly and maliciously rise\\nup to bear false witness, or purpose to take away a man s life^-\\nthey shall be put to death.\\nIf any man shall willfully or forcibly steal away any man-\\nkind, he shall be put to death.\\nIf any person within this province shall commit burglary, bj^\\nbreaking open any dwelling-house, store-house, ware-house, out-\\nhouse or barn, or any other house whatsoever, or that shall rob\\nany person in the field or highways, he or they so offending;\\nshall, for the first offence, be punished by being burnt in the harsdl", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n17\\nwith the letter T, and make full satisfaction of the goods stolen,\\nor the damages that are done and for the second time of\\noffending in the like nature, besides the making of restitution,\\nto be branded in the forehead with the letter E.. And for the\\nthird offence to be put to death as incorrigible.\\nAnd for stealing goods, money, or cattle, or any other beast\\nof what kind soever, to make treble restitution for the iirst offence,\\nand the like for the second and third offence, with such further\\nincrease of punishment as the court shall see cause; and if\\nincorrigible to be punished with death. And in case they are\\nnot able to make restitution for the first, second, and third\\noffences, they shall be sold, that satisfaction may be made.\\nIf any person be found to be a witch, either male or female,\\nthey shall be put to death.\\nIf any child or children above sixteen years of age, and of\\nsufficient understanding, shall smite or curse their natural father\\nor mother, except provoked thereunto, and forced for their safe\\npreservation from death or maiming, upon the complaint or\\nproof of the said father or mother, or either of them, (and not\\notherwise) they shall be put to death.\\nIf any person or persons shall be abroad from the usual place\\nof their abode, and found in night-walking, drinking in any\\ntap-house, or any other house or place at unseasonable times,\\nafter nine of the clock at night, and not about their lawful\\noccasions, or cannot give a good account of their being absent\\nfrom their own place of abode at that time of the night, if\\nrequired of them, he or they shall be secured by the constable\\nor some other officer, till the morning, to be brought before a\\njustice of the peace or magistrate, to be examined, and if they\\ncannot give them a satisfactory account of their being out at such\\nunseasonable times, he or they shall be bound over to the next\\ncourt, and receive such punishment as the justices upon the bench\\nshall see cause to inflict upon them.\\nThat a rate of thirty pounds be levied upon the country for\\nthe defraying of public charges, and this rate equally propor-\\ntioned to each town. That is to say, five pounds for each town,\\nto be paid in manner as followeth winter wheat at five shillings\\na bushel; summer wheat at four shillings and six-pence; peas at", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "1,8 HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nthree shillings and six-pence; Indian corn at three shillings; rye^^\\nat four shillings; barley at four shillings; beef at two-pence half-\\npenny; pork at three-pence half-penny a pound; and this rate\\nto be paid at or before the next general court, into the hands\\nand custody of Mr. Jacob Mollins, of Elizabeth Town, which we.;\\ndesire of him to take into his hands for the use of the province^,\\nand when received, to disburse and pay to Capt. Bollen the-\\ncum of twenty pounds, and the rest as he shall have order to\\nimprove for our use.\\nIn order to prevent unlawful marriages, it was ordered that\\nno person or persons, son, daughter, maid or servant, shall be\\nmarried without the consent of his or her parents, masters, or\\noverseers, and three times published in and at some public meet-\\ning or kirk, where the party or parties have their most usuaL\\nabode, or set up in writing their purposes of marriage on some-\\npublic house where they live, and there at least to abide for the\\nspace of fourteen days before marriage, which is to be performed-;\\nin some public place, if possible may be, and none but some\\napproved minister or justice of the peace within this province, or\\nsome chief officer, where such are not, shall be allowed to marry\\nor admit of any to join in marriage, in their presence, and under\\nthe penalty of twenty pounds for acting contrary hereunto, andi\\nto be put out of their office, according to the liberty of consciencer\\ngranted by the lords proprietors in their concessions.\\nThe governor had power to grant his license, under his hand\\nand seal, to any person or persons that are at their own dispos--\\ning, or to any other under the tuition of their parents, masters,\\nor overseers, to join in matrimony provided that the parents,-\\nmasters, or overseers are present and consenting thereunto, or\\nthat their consent be attested by some public officer and-\\npresented to the governor before the granting thereof, and the.\\nothers to clear themselves by oath or certificate.\\nThat every apprentice and servant that shall depart and;\\nabsent themselves from their masters or dames, without leave\\nfirst obtained, shall be judged by the court to double the time-\\nof such their absence, by future service over and above other\\ndamages and costs which master and dame shall sustain by such-,\\nunlawful departure.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. jo\\nAny one having been proved to have transported, or to have\\ncontrived the transportation of any such apprentice or servant,\\nshall be fined five pounds, and all such damages as the court\\nshall judge, and that the master or dame can make appear, and\\nif not able, to be left to the judgment of the court.\\nEvery inhabitant that shall harbor or entertain any such\\napprentice or servant, and knowing that he hath absented\\nhimself from his service, upon proof thereof, shall forfeit to the\\nmaster or dame, ten shillings for every day s entertainment or\\nconcealment, and if not able to satisfy, then to be liable to the\\njudgment of the court.\\nConcerning that beastly vice, drunkenness, it is hereby\\nenacted, that if any person be found to be drunk, he shall pay one\\nshilling fine for the first time, two shillings for the second, and for\\nthe third time, and for every time after two shillings, and six-\\npence and such as have nothing to pay, shall suffer corporal pun-\\nishment, and for those that are unruly and disturbers of the peace,\\nthey shall be put in the stocks until they are sober, or during the\\npleasure of the officer-in-chief in the place where he is drunk.\\nThis session of the assembly was commenced on the 26th\\nand ended on the 30th of May, 1668.\\nThe next session was held at Elizabethtown, on Tuesday, the\\n3d of November, 1668, at which an act was passed requiring\\nall the soldiers in every town of the province, from sixteen\\nyears old to sixty, to train or be mustered at least four days in the\\nyear, and oftener if the chief military officer in the place see it\\nneedful, viz., two days in the spring and two days in the autumn,\\nand that there shall be at least ten days between each training\\nday any chief ofiicer constituted and commissioned for that\\npurpose, wittingly or willfully neglecting the same, shall forfeit\\nfor every day s neglect, twenty shillings to the public, and every\\nsoldier five shillings, and for half a day, two shillings and six-\\npence, and for late coming, one shilling.\\nEvery town within the province was to have a brand-mark for\\ntheir horses, to distinguish the horses of one town from another;\\nbesides which every one was to have and mark his horse or horses\\nwith his own particular brand-mark also, that every town shall\\nhave a horn brand-mark, for all cattle from three years old and", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "20 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nupward. It was required that there should be an officer appointed\\nby the governor in each town to brand and record every particu-\\nlar man s brand, and the age of each of them, as near as he could,\\nwith the color and all observable marks it had before the brand-\\ning, whether on the ear or elsewhere, with the year and day of\\nthe month when branded, and to receive from the owner six-\\npence for each horse, mare, or colt so branded and recorded\\nand every one neglecting to have them branded was to be fined\\nten shillings for every default.\\nThe horses and cattle were to be branded with the same letter\\nin each town that of Bergen, with the letter B Newark, with\\nN; Elizabethtown, with E Woodbridge, with W Middletown,\\nwith M Shrewsbury, with S Delaware, with D Piscataqua,\\nwith P.\\nThe brand was to be fixed on the right buttock of horses, and\\non the right horn of cattle the brander to have for cattle, two-\\npence per head. The sale of horses of all kinds was to be\\nrecorded in the town book within ten days after the sale, and\\nthe recorder was to receive three-pence per head for every such\\nsale, under a penalty of forty shillings for every default.\\nEvery town was required to provide an ordinary for the relief\\nand entertainment of strangers, the keeper of which was to have\\na license from the secretary, and oblige himself to make sufficient\\nprovision of meat, drink, and lodging for strangers and for\\nneglect in any of the towns, they were to forfeit forty shillings fine\\nto the country for every month s default after publication hereof.\\nAll persons were prohibited receiving or buying any cattle\\nwhatsoever of any Indian or Indians, whether swine, neat cattle,\\nor horses, under the penalty of ten pounds.\\nDecember 2d, 1675, it was enacted that whosoever shall\\nprofane the Lord s Day, otherwise called Sunday, by any kind\\nof servile work, unlawful recreations, or unnecessary travels on\\nthat day, not falling within the compass of works of mercy or\\nnecessity, either willfully or through careless neglect, shall be\\npunished by fine, imprisonment, or corporally, according to the\\nnature of the offence, at the judgment of the court, justice, or\\njustices where the offence is committed.\\nAny person falling under the fine of a penal law, no officer", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 21\\nwas allowed to lay destraint upon his or their arms or ammuni-\\ntions, plow-irons or chains, horses or cattle, as being so necessary\\nto their livelihood.\\nBlacksmiths, locksmiths, or any other persons were forbidden\\nto make, mend, or any way repair any Indian gun or guns, upon\\nthe penalty of paying for the first offence, after conviction, the\\nsum of twenty shillings, and for the second offence, forty shillings,\\nand for the third offence, to double the whole, and so to continue,\\nwhich fines to be one-half to the informer, and the other half to\\nthe public use.\\nApril 6th, 1676, an act was passed requiring all weights and\\nmeasures to be sealed, according to the standard of England,\\nand for dry measure, according to Winchester measure.\\nIt was also ordered that the freeholders in every town choose\\na packer, to see that all meat in barrels for sale be good and\\nmerchantable, and well packed and salted, and to contain thirty-\\ntwo gallons, and put his mark upon the cask or barrel, and to\\nhave for his pains of packing and marking of every such barrel,\\neight-pence.\\nAll leather was to pass under the hand of a sealer, and be\\napproved by him, under a penalty of four-pence per hide.\\nAt a meeting of the general assembly, held at Woodbridge,\\nOctober 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th, 1676, it was enacted that there\\nbe a day of public thanksgiving, set apart throughout the\\nwhole province, to give God the glory and praise for the signal\\ndemonstration of His mercy and favor towards us in this\\ncolony, in the preserving and continuing our peace in the midst\\nof wars round about us, together with many other mercies\\nwhich we are sensible of, which call aloud for our acknowledg-\\nment and thanksgiving to the Lord, and oblige us to live to His\\npraise, and in His fear always.\\nThe laws of the general assembly were in force only one year,\\nand conrequently at each yearly session the same laws were\\nre-enacted.\\nThe salary of the governor was fixed, in the year 1675, at fifty\\npounds per year, and five shillings were allowed him for a seal.\\nIn 1676, the governor was allowed four shillings a day for\\ntraveling expenses, the council and deputies, three shillings", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "22 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\neach per day, traveling expenses, and to continue during the\\ntime of their sitting.\\nIn 1679, the salary of the governor was fixed at two shillings\\nper head for every male within the province from fourteen years\\nold and upwards.\\nA day of thanksgiving was appointed for next Wednesday\\ncome three weeks: that will be the 26th of this instant,\\nNovember.\\nIn 1681, a law was passed forbidding the sale of rum, brandy,\\nwine, cider, strong beer, or any other intoxicating liquor to the\\nIndians, under the penalty of twenty pounds for the first offence,\\nand to be double for every offence after.\\nRobert Barclay was appointed governor of East New Jersey\\nfor life, July 17th, 1683, Gawn Lawrie, deputy governor, not\\nexceeding seven years, commission dated July 27th, 1683.\\nJeremiah Basse was appointed governor, April 14th, 1698.\\nAt a session of the general assembly, held at Elizabethtown, on\\nthe first day of the month called March, 1682, the province was\\ndivided into four counties\\nBergen County, containing all the settlements between\\nHudson s river and Hackensack river, beginning at Constables-\\nHook, and so extended to the uppermost bounds of the province\\nnorthward between the said rivers.\\nEssex, and the county thereof, to contain all the settlements\\nbetween the west side of Hackensack river and the parting line\\nbetween Woodbridge and Elizabeth Town, and so to extend\\nwestward and northward, to the utmost bounds of the province.\\nMiddlesex County, to begin from the parting line between\\nEssex county and Woodbridge line, containing Woodbridge and\\nPiscataway, and all the plantations on both sides of the Raritan\\nriver, as far as Chesquake harbor eastward, extending south-\\nwest to the division line of the province, and northwest to the\\nutmost bounds of the province.\\nMonmouth County, to begin at the westward bounds of\\nMiddlesex county, containing Middletown and Shrewsbury, and\\nto extend westward, southward, and northward, to the extreme\\nbounds of the province; provided, this distinction of the province", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n23\\ninto counties do not extend to the infringement of any liberty\\nin any court already granted.\\nThe sessions of the general assembly and the courts were held\\nat Elizabethtown up to the 6th day of April, 1686, and all the\\npublic records were kept there up to that time, when they were,\\nby act of the general assembly, removed to the town of Amboy\\nPerth, in the county of Middlesex, afterwards called New Perth.\\nThe courts were afterwards ordered to be held alternately at the\\ntown of Amboy Perth, Piscataway, and Woodbridge.\\nSomerset county was set off from Middlesex, May 14th, 1688.\\nOn the 28th of September, 1692, the legislature finding the act\\nimposing a fine on persons selling liquors to the Indians was inef-\\nfectual to prevent that traffic, enacted that the penalty should be\\nfor the first offence five lashes on the bare back, for the second\\noffence ten lashes on the bare back, for the third, fifteen, for the\\nfourth, twenty, and so many and no more for every such offence\\nthereafter, to be inflicted by order of the court.\\nIn 1692, an act was passed authorizing the division of the\\nseveral counties into townships, tribes, or divisions.\\nIn 1693, an act was passed to establish schoolmasters within\\nthe province, for the cultivation of learning and good manners,\\nand for the good and benefit of mankind, which hath hitherto\\nbeen much neglected within this province.\\nIn 1695, an act was passed regulating schools, in which each\\ntown was to choose three men yearly, who were to appoint\\nand agree with a schoolmaster, and to nominate and appoint the\\nmost convenient place or places where the school shall be kept\\nfrom time to time, that as near as may be the whole inhabitants\\nmay have the benefit thereof.\\nConcessions and agreements of the proprietors, freeholders,\\nand inhabitants of the province of West New Jersey were made\\non the 25th day of March, 1680, confirming the contract and\\nagreement made on the 2d day of March, 1676, by William\\nPenn, Gawn Lawrie, and Nicholas Lucas, unto Thomas Hutch-\\ninson, Thomas Pearson, Joseph Helmsley, George Hutchinson,\\nand Mahlon Stacy.\\nSamuel Jennings was deputy governor in 1681, from the 25th", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "24- HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nof September, and was appointed governor the 14th of Novem-\\nber, 1681.\\nThe laws of the province of West Jersey were ahnost precisely\\nthe same as those of East Jersey.\\nThe general assembly held their sessions at Burlington.\\nThe courts were held alternately at Burlington and Salem,\\nthey being the most populous towns in the province.\\nIn 1682, the legislature granted authority for the erection of\\npublic markets for the accommodation of the people the first\\nmarket day was to be held at Burlington, to begin and take place\\nthe seventh day of the eighth month next ensuing, and at Salem,\\nthe seventeenth day of the same month.\\nThe Seventh day, commonly called Saturday, weekly and\\nevery week, shall be the market day at Burlington, to be held\\nthere in the place formerly set forth for the market place and\\nthat the market for corn shall begin at the eleventh hour in the\\nmorning.\\nThat the third day, called Tuesday, weekly and every\\nweek, shall be the market at Salem, to be held before the town\\nlanding, formerly appointed there for the market place, and\\nthat the market for corn shall begin at the eleventh hour in the\\nmorning.\\nFor the encouraging, learning, and for the better education of\\nyouth, it was enacted that the island called Matininuck, late in\\nthe possession of Robert Stacy, with all and every the appurten-\\nances, was given to remain for the use of the town of Burlington\\nfor the maintaining of a school for the education of youth within\\nthe said town.\\nIn 1683, the assembly gave to Thomas Budd and Francis\\nCollins one thousand acres of land (parts of the land to be\\npurchased of the Indians above the falls), for the building of a\\nmarket-house and court-house at Burlington.\\nSamuel Jennings was, by the free election and vote of the\\nassembly sitting at Burlington, chosen governor of the province\\non the nth of March, 1683. His previous appointment was by\\nthe lords proprietors. The assembly gave him six hundred\\nacres of land, to be had and taken up above the falls, (after the", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n25\\npurchase thereof \u00e2\u0096\u00a0was made from the Indians) with three years\\ntime to settle the same.*\\nThe first representatives of West Jersey were Thomas Ollive,\\n(speaker), Mahlon Stacy, Joshua Wright, John Lambert, Thomas\\nLambertjf William Emley, Godfrey Hancock, Daniel Leeds,\\nThomas Wright, Samuel Borden, Robert Stacy, Thomas Budd,\\nDaniel Wills, Thomas Gardner, John Cripps, John White, John\\nChaffen, Bernard Devenish, Isaac Merriott, William Peachee,\\nWilliam Cooper, Mark Newbie, Thomas Chackeray, Robert\\nZame, Samuel Nevill, Richard Guy, Marke Reeves, Richard\\nHancock, John Smith, John Pledger, Edward Wade, George\\nDeacon, Samuel Hedge, Andrew Thompson, Thomas Revell,\\n(clerk).\\nAt the session held at Burlington, July 7th, 16S3, i*^ was\\nresolved and unanimously agreed upon by the assembly, that the\\ngovernor be chairman or speaker, and that he sit as one of the\\nassembly, together with the council, and the chairman to have\\nt\\\\yo votes, or a double vote.\\nOn the 20th day of March, 1684, Thomas Ollive was chosen\\ngovernor.\\nSeptember 25th, 1685, John Skene was chosen deputy\\ngovernor.\\nNovember 3d, 1692, Andrew Hamilton was chosen governor.\\nPrevious to 1693, West Jersey had been divided into three\\ncounties, Burlington, Salem, and Falls, and these were sub-\\ndivided into ten-tenths. By an act of the assembly of that year\\nCape May county was formed.\\nGloucester county was formed in 1694, and at the same session\\nthe boundaries of Salem county were more particularly set forth.\\nAt the same session an act was passed for the inhabitants above\\nSt. Pink or the River Derwent to belong to Burlington county;\\nthey had previously belonged to Monmouth county.\\nAt the session of May 12th, 1696, a bill was passed, called a\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^All the lands in New Jersey were purckased from the Indians, and none\\nAyere taken except by purchase.\\nf From whom Lamberton was named.\\nFrom whom Bordentown took its name.\\nC", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "26 HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nqualifying bill, requiring officers who were not free to take are\\noath to sign the following declaration of fidelity and profession\\nof the Christian faith\\nI, A B, do sincerely promise and solemnly declare, that I\\nwill be true and faithful to William, King of England, and the\\ngovernment of this province of West New Jersey; and I do-\\nsolemnly profess and declare, that I do from my heart abhor,\\ndetest, and renounce, as impious and heretical, that damnable\\ndoctrine and position, that princes ex-communicated or deprived\\nby the Pope, or any authority of the See of Rome, may be\\ndeprived or murdered by their subjects, or any other what-\\nsoever. And I also declare, that no foreign prince, person,\\nprelate, state, or potentate hath, or ought to have, any power,\\njurisdiction, superiority, pre-eminence, or authority, ecclesias-\\ntical or spiritual, within this realm.\\nTHE CHRISTIAN BELIEF.\\nI, A B, profess faith in God, the Father, and in Jesus\\nChrist, his Eternal Son, the true God, and in the Holy Spirit,.\\none God blessed forever more and do acknowledge the Holy\\nScriptures of the Old and New Testaments to be given by Divine\\nInspiration.\\nThe tax ordered at this session to be raised for the payment\\nand discharge of the provincial debt was one penny per acre of\\nland cleared, improved, and fenced, meadow only excepted six-\\npence upon every hundred acres surveyed and unimproved land;\\nsix-pence per head upon all neat cattle from one year old and\\nupwards twelve-pence per head upon every horse and mare one\\nyear old and upwards six-pence per head for every hog or\\nswine that any person should sell, convey, or dispose of, living or\\ndead one penny per head for every sheep and also all persons\\nkeeping or owning negroes should pay for every negro of ten\\nyears of age and upwards, two shillings and six-pence. Those\\nrefusing to pay, or giving in a false account, or concealing and\\nnot giving in a negro, were to be fined six shillings; for every\\nhead of such beast not given in, ten shillings for every acre of\\nland improved, two-pence; and for every hundred acres of land\\nunimproved, nine-pence.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n27\\nPrevious to 1694, each tenth chose ten representatives for the\\nprovincial assembly, making one hundred representatives in all,\\nwhich was according to the concessions of the lords proprietors.\\nAfter the year 1694 they were divided into counties. Burlington\\ncounty comprised two-tenths Gloucester county, two-tenths\\naiid Salem county, one-tenth. Burlington county had twenty\\nmembers; Gloucester county, twenty; Salem, ten; and Cape\\nMay, five.\\nIn the year 1696 this number was considered superfluous, and\\nthe representation was made, for Burlington, ten Gloucester,\\nten; Salem, five; and Cape May, three; making in all, twenty-\\neight members.\\nIn the year 1700, the assembly enacted, that any person or\\npersons that shall break into any house, out-house, or barn, in\\nthe day-time or in the night, and shall steal any goods or\\nmerchandise to the value of one shilling or upwards, upon being\\nconvicted thereof, shall (besides making the restitution of four-\\nfold) for the first offence receive thirty-nine stripes upon the bare\\niback, and being convicted a second time, shall have burnt with\\na hot iron upon his, her, or their forehead a Roman T, added to\\nthe above punishment, and being convicted a third time, shall\\nbe burned with a hot iron in the cheek with the Roman letter T,\\n.suffer a twelve months close imprisonment, aifti be kept to hard\\nlabor, only having a sufficiency of diet, and corrected by being\\nwhipt with thirty-nine stripes on the bare back once in every\\nmonth during the said term of one year.\\nAfter the first offence, if the offender begged transportation, the\\njudge or justice of the Supreme Court was to allow it to him or\\nher. After being transported, in case they returned within seven\\nyears, they were to be apprehended, and not only make restitu-\\ntion four-fold, but to receive thirty-nine stripes, and be branded\\nwith the Roman letter T on the forehead.\\nAt the session of May 12th, 1701, the law reducing the repre-\\nsentatives to twenty-eight was repealed, and the old law allowing\\nthem fifty-five, re-enacted.\\nOn the 15th day of April 1702, the proprietors of the\\nprovinces of East and West Jersey surrendered to Queen Anne\\nall the powers and authorities in them vested in said provinces,,", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "28 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nprevious application having been made to that end August\\ni2th, 1701.\\nThis surrender was signed by twenty-five of the proprietors of\\nEast Jersey, and by thirty-two of West Jersey. The surrender\\nwas accepted by the Queen, at the Court of St. James, the 17 th\\nday of April, 1702, before the final articles of surrender could\\nhave reached England.\\nOn the i6th day of November, 1702, Edward Lord Cornbury\\n(Edward Hyde) was appointed governor of the consolidated\\nprovince.*\\nThe assembly was ordered to sit alternately at Perth Amboy\\nand Burlington, and to consist of twenty-four representatives, to\\nbe chosen, two by the inhabitants, householders of the city or\\ntown of Perth Amboy j two by the inhabitants, householders of\\nthe city and town of Burlington ten by the freeholders of East\\nNew Jersey, and ten by the freeholders of West New Jersey.\\n*His commission bears date December 5th, 1702.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER III.\\nFirst p die nt When granted Extent of land contained therein\\nReservations made by the Crown Pretended claim of the Dutch\\nand Swedes New Jersey When set off from New Yo7 k\\nExtent of East and West Jersey First purchases Considera-\\ntion paid for lands First settlement at Burlington Flood at\\nDelaware falls Littlcjvorth, the origijial name of Trenton.\\nALTHOUGH the English had very early made the discovery\\nof North America, a considerable time elapsed before any\\nadvantages accrued. Sir Walter Raleigh, in 1584, was the first\\nEnglishman who attempted to plant a colony in it.*\\nIn this year he obtained a patent from Queen Elizabeth, for\\nhim and his heirs, to discover and possess forever, under the\\ncrown of England, all such countries and lands as were not then\\npossessed by any Christian prince, or inhabited by any Christian\\npeople. This was the first patent granted to Sir Walter Raleigh.\\nEncouraged by this grant, Raleigh and other partners at divers\\ntimes fitted out ships, and settled a colony at Roanore,| in\\nVirginia but, notwithstanding various attempts, they met witli\\n*That is, a regular colony under grants. Sir Armigell Wadd, of Yorkshire,\\na clerk of the Council of Henry VIII., and Edward VI., and author of a Book\\nof Travels, was the first Englishman that made discoveries in America. H.\\nWalpoles Anecdotes of Painting, vol. ii, Catalogue of Engravers, pp. 18, 19.\\nf Now Roanoke, in Virgin a. At that time the countiy was divided into\\nbut two great divisions; the first or southern division was granted to the\\nLondon company, and the second or northern division, to the Plymouth\\ncompany. The^portion of territory to which the name of Virginia was given\\nextended from ^the thirty -fourth to the forty-fifth degree of north latitude,\\nMulford s History, p. 26.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "20 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nsuch discouragements that no great improvements were made\\nuntil sometime afterwards.\\nIn the year 1606, King James, without any regard to Raleigh s\\nright, granted a new patent of Virginia, in which was included\\nNew England, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Mary-\\nland. From Queen Elizabeth s time to the time of this patent,\\nthe whole country bore the name of Virginia, which was given\\nit by Raleigh, in honor of the virgin queen of England, as some\\nsay, though others claim that it took its rise from the fact of\\nits never having been settled before being virgin soil.\\nThe patentees were Sir Thomas Gates, Sir George Somers,\\nRichard Hakluyt, (clerk), Edward Maria Wingfield, Thomas\\nHanham, and Raleigh Gilbert, Esqs., William Parker, George\\nPopham,* and others. The extent of the land granted was from\\nthirty-four to forty-five degrees north latitude, with all the islands\\nlying within one hundred miles of the coast. Two distinct colonies\\nwere to be planted by virtue of this patent, and the property\\ninvested in two different bodies of adventurers, the first to\\nbelong to Somers, Hakluyt, and Wingfield, under title of the\\nLondon adventurers, or the London company, and was to\\nreach from thirty-four to forty-one degrees, with all lands,\\nwoods, mines, minerals, c.\\nThe other colony was to reach from the end of the first, to forty-\\nfive degrees granting the same privileges to Hanham, Gilbert,\\nParker, and Popham, under the name of the Plymouth company,\\nwith liberty to both companies to take as many partners as they\\npleased forbidding others to plant within those colonies without\\ntheir license only reserving the fifth-part of all gold and silver\\nmines, and the fifteenth-part of copper, to the use of the crown.\\nThe London company, by virtue of this grant, fitted out\\nseveral ships, with artificers of every kind, and all things\\nrequisite for a new settlement, which sailed for America and\\nplanted a colony there, but in the year 1623, there were so many\\ncomplaints made of bad management, that on inquiry, a qicb\\nwarranto was issued against the patent, and after a trial had in\\nLord Chief Justice of England.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON:\\n3i\\nthe King s bench, it was declared forfeited;* after which\\nVirginia remained for a long time under the immediate direction\\nof the crown.\\nIn the year the patent was granted, the Plymouth company\\nalso attempted to make a settlement, but with no great Success\\nuntil about the year 1620, when they sent fresh recruits from\\nEngland, under the command of Captain Standish, who arrived\\nat Cape Cod, in the latitude of forty-two degrees, and having turned\\nthe Cape, found a commodious harbor, opposite the point at the\\nmouth of the bay, at the entry of which were two islands well\\nstocked with wood. Here they built a towii which they called\\nPlymouth. About this time, the colonies in New England were\\nmuch augmented by multitudes of dissenters, who, thinking this\\na good opportunity of enjoying liberty of conscience, offered\\ntheir services to the Plymouth company, and the grand patent\\nbeing delivered up to the king, particular patents were granted\\nto the Lord Musgrave, the Duke of Richmond, the Earl of\\nCarlisle, and Lord Edward Gorges, and new colonies Avere\\nplanted in divers places on this continent.\\nFrom what has been said, it is evident that the colonies of\\nNew York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland were in-\\ncluded in the great patent last mentioned but that becoming\\nvoid, the crown was at liberty to re-grant the same to others.\\nBut it does not appear that any part of those provinces was\\nsettled by virtue thereof; nor indeed was any distinct discovery\\nof them made until many years afterwards. New Jersey,\\nPennsylvania, and other lands adjacent, notwithstanding the\\nancient right of the crowii of England, deduced as aforesaid,\\nhad two pretenders to them the Dutch and the Swedes.\\nThe claim the former set up was under color of a discovery\\nmade in the year 1609, by Henry Hudson, an Englishman by\\nbirth, and commander of a ship called the Half-Moon, fitted\\nout from Holland by the East India company, for the purpose of\\ndiscovering, by a northwest passage, a nearer way to China.\\nOther accounts say the patent was dissolved by the King s proclamation in\\n1624, and that though a quo v)arranio was issued against it, no detennina-\\ntion followed in the courts of justice.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "32 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nIn this voyage he sailed up to the place now called New York^\\nand up the river, which he called Hudson s river, and returning\\nsometime after to Amsterdam, the Dutch pretended to have\\npurchased the chart he made of the American coast, and having\\n)btained a patent from the states in the year 1614, to trade in\\nNew England, they settled in New York, which place they\\ncalled New Netherland, and kept possession until Sir Samuel\\nArgole, governor of Virginia, disputed their title, alleging that\\nthe country having been discovered by an Englishman, in right\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0of his master, he could not suffer it to be alienated from the\\ncrown without the king s consent. He therefore compelled the\\nDutch colony to submit to him, and to hold it under the English.\\nSoon after, a new governor coming from Amsterdam, they\\nnot only neglected to pay their usual acknowledgment to the\\ngovernor of Virginia, but in the year 1623, fortified their colony\\nby building several forts one on the Delaware, (by them\\ncalled South river), near Gloucester, in New Jersey, which they\\nnamed Fort Nassau a second on Hudson s (the North river),\\nin the province of New York, which they named Fort Orange,\\nand a third on Connecticut river, (by them called Fresh river),\\nwhich they named the Hirsse of Good Hope.\\nHaving examined into the Dutch claim to this continent, let\\nus look for a moment at that set up by their neighbors, the\\nSwedes.\\nIn the reign of Gustavus Adolphus, in the year 1626, an\\neminent merchant, William Useling, who had visited this-\\ncountry, on his return gave a glowing description of it,\\napplauded its fruitful and fertile lands as abounding with all\\nthe necessaries of life, and by many arguments he endeavored to\\npersuade the Swedes to settle a colony here. Literally carried\\naway by the glowing descriptions given by Useling, Gustavus\\nissued a proclamation at Stockholm, exhorting his subjects to\\ncontribute to a company associated for the purposes aforesaid.\\nThis company was very soon formed, and called the West\\nIndia company, and was confirmed by Gustavus.\\nIn a general convention assembled the year following, large\\nsums of money were raised to carry on the intended settlement, of\\nwhich the king, the lords of the council, the chief of his barons.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "HI ST OR V OF TRENTON.\\n33\\nknights, coronets, principal ofificers in his militia, bishops,\\nclergy, and many of the common people of Sweden, Finland,\\nand Liffiand, contributed.\\nIn 1627, the Swedes and Finns accordingly came over hither.\\nTheir first landing was at Cape Inlopen (now called Henlopen).\\nHere they were so well pleased with the sight presented that\\nthey called it Paradise Point. Sometime after they purchased\\nof some Indians, (but whether of such as had the proper right to\\nconvey we are not informed), the land from Cape Inlopen to\\nthe falls of the Delaware, on both sides of the river. These falls\\nlaid opposite, or rather on the west of the city of Trenton hence,\\nwhat is now the city of Trenton was included in that purchase.\\nThe Delaware was called by them New Swedeland stream and\\nthey made presents to the Indian chiefs in order to obtain\\npeaceable possession of the lands they had already purchased.\\nBut the Dutch continuing their pretensions, in 1630, one\\nDavid Petersz de Vries built a fort within the capes of Dela-\\nware, on the west, about two leagues from Cape Cornelius, at\\nwhat is now called Lewistown, which was then called by the\\nname of Hoarkill.\\nIn 1 63 1, the Swedes also built a fort on the west of Delaware,\\nto which they gave the name of Christeen, the ruins of which\\nare still visible. This fort was erected near Wilmington, from\\nwhich the name of the noted creek, Christiana, is derived.\\nA small town was here laid out by Peter Lindstrom, their\\nengineer, and here they first settled, but although this settlement\\nwas afterwards demolislied by the Dutch, yet in 1810, Christiana\\ntownship, including the village of the same name, numbered\\nsix thousand six hundred and ninety-eight inhabitants, and in\\n1820, eight thousand three hundred and thirty-five inhabitants.\\nOn an island called Tinicum, sixteen miles above Christiana,\\nand on the Delaware, below the mouth of Darby creek, about\\nsix miles below Philadelphia, the Swedes erected another fort,\\nwhich they called New Gottemburgh.\\nOn the 2d of September, 1655, the Dutch besieged Christiana\\nfort and town, and destroyed New Gottemburgh, together with\\n^11 the houses that were outside the fort.\\nFrom this time till the year 1664, New Sweden and New.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "34\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nNetherland continued in possession and under government of\\nthe Dutch, who had built a city on Manhattan Island, at the\\nmouth of Hudson s river, which they named New Amsterdam,\\n(New York) and the river they sometimes called the Great river.\\nAbout one hundred and fifty miles up, they built a fort and\\n-called it Orange (Albany) from thence they drove a profitable\\ntrade with the Indians, who came overland as far as from\\nQuebec to deal with them.\\nThe first bounds of New York were Maryland on the south,\\nthe main land as far as could be discovered westward, the river\\nof Canada, (now St. Lawrence) northward, and New England\\neastward.\\nWe have now arrived at that period when, by the grants made,^\\nthis province was reduced into a much smaller compass.\\nThat province now called New Jersey* was by one of these\\ngrants set off from New York. It was probably called New\\nJersey in honor of Sir George Carteret, one of the proprietors,\\nand a Jerseyman.\\nThe Duke of York being seized, did, on the 23d and 24th days\\nof June, 1664, in consideration of a competent sum of money,\\ngrant and convey unto Lord John Berkley, Baron of Stratton,\\nand unto Sir George Carteret, of Saltrum, in the county of\\nDevon, to their heirs and assigns forever, all that tract of land\\nadjacent to Nevi^ England, west of Long Island and Manhattan s\\nIsland, and bounded on the east by the main sea, a part of\\nHudson s river; on the west by the Delaware bay and river,\\nextending southward to the main ocean, as far as Cape May, at\\nthe mouth of Delaware bay, and north by the northernmost\\nbranch of said bay or river of Delaware, which is in forty-one\\ndegrees and forty minutes of latitude, in a straight line to\\nHudson s river, said tract of land hereafter to be called Nova\\nCsesarea or New Jersey and also all rivers, mines, minerals,\\nwoods, fishings, hawkings, huntings, and fowlings; and all\\nother royalties, profits, commodities, and hereditaments what-\\nsoever to the lands and premises belonging or in anywise apper-\\nIt was said to have borne for some time the name of New Canary, and\\nafterwards Nova Csesarea, or New Jei-sey.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n35\\ntaining, with their and every of their appurtenances, in as full\\nand ample a manner, as the same is granted unto the Duke of\\nYork by the before recited letters patent.\\nLord Berkley and Sir George Carteret, under this first grantor\\nbecame sole proprietors, and so continued till the province\\nbecame divided in 1676. Sir George Carteret then became the\\nsole proprietor of the eastern division. The county of Bergen\\nwas the first settled place. A great many Dutch being already\\nthere when the province was first surrendered, remained under\\nthe English government. A few Danes were probably concerned\\nin the original settlement of this county, from whence came\\nBergen, after the capital of Norway.\\nIn 1664, John Bailey, Daniel Denton, and Luke Watson, of\\nJamaica, Long Island, purchased of certain Indian chiefs, inhab-\\nitants of Staten Island, a tract or tracts of land, on part of which\\nthe town of Elizabeth now stands, and for which, on their\\npetition. Governor Richard Nicholls, granted a deed or patent\\nto John Baker, of New York, John Ogden, of Northampton,.\\nJohn Bailey and Luke Watson, and their associates, dated at\\nFort James, in New York, the 2d of December. This is what is\\ncommonly called the Elizabethtown grant.\\nNumbers of industrious, reputable farmers, most of whom\\nwere English residents of Long Island, fixed their residences-\\nabout Middletown, from whence by degrees they extended their\\nsettlements to Freehold and thereabouts.\\nTo Shrewsbury, there came many families from New Eng-\\nland, and there were very soon four towns in the province,-\\nElizabeth, Newark, Middletown, and Shrewsbury, and these\\nwith the country around, were in a few years plentifully\\ninhabited by the accession of the Scotch and many came\\nfrom England, besides those of the Dutch that remained in\\nthe colony.\\nLord Berkley and Sir George Carteret appointed Philip\\nCarteret governor of the colony of New Jersey, and gave him\\npower, by advice ;of a majority of the council, to grant lands to\\nall such as by the concessions were entitled thereto, and though\\nthere is no provision in the concessions for bargaining with the", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "36\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nIndians,* Governor Carteret, on his arrival, thought it prudent\\nto purchase their rights,\\nGovernor Carteret did not arrive to take charge of the govern-\\nment till 1665, up to which time the province was under Richard\\nNicholl s administration, then governor of New York.\\nGovernor Carteret, on his arrival, took up his residence at\\nElizabethtown, which it is said he named after Elizabeth, wife\\nof Sir George Carteret, his brother.\\nHe invited others to settle in the province, by sending ambas-\\nsadors throughout New England, to which many responded\\nand soon came and settled, some at Elizabethtown, others at\\nWoodbridge, Piscataway, and Newark.\\nThus the province of East New Jersey increased in settlements\\nand continued to grow until the Dutch invasion in 1673, when\\nthey took possession of the country and put a stop to the English\\ngovernment, f\\nPhilip Carteret remained governor till his death in 1682,\\nDuring his lifetime the general assemblies and supreme courts\\nsat at Elizabethtown.\\nIn 1675, 3. few passengers arrived from England for West\\nJersey. One-half of the province at this time belonged to Lord\\nBerkley, while the other half was sold to John Fenwick, in trust\\nfor Edward Billinge and his assigns.\\nThe same year Fenwick sailed from London in a ship called\\nthe Griffith, and landed at a rich and pleasant spot near Dela-\\nware, which he called Salem, from the peaceable aspect which\\nit bore. He brought his two daughters over with him, besides a\\nnumber of servants, two of whom, Samuel Hedge and John\\nAdams, married.\\nAmong, the passengers who came with Fenwick, were Edward\\n*This in 1672 was supplied by particular instructions, directing that the\\ngbvernor and council should purchase all lands from the Indians, and be\\nreimbursed by the settlers as they made their purchases.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0j- Governor Andross, of York, in 1680, undertook to dispitte the title of\\nCarteret as governor of Jersey. He therefore sent an armed force to Eliza-\\nbethtown, seized and, carried him prisoner to New York, on pretence of hir\\ncommission not being a good one.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n37\\nChampness, Edward Wade, Samuel Wade, John Smith and wife,\\nSamuel Nicholls, Richard Guy, Richard Noble, Richard Han-\\ncock, John Pledger, Hipolite Lufever, and John Matlock.\\nThese, and others with them, were masters of families. This is\\nthe first ship tliat came to West Jersey, and none followed for\\nnearly two years, owing probably to a difference between\\nFenwick and Billinge. But this difference was settled to the\\nsatisfaction of both parties by the good offices of William Penn.\\nArticles of concession were agreed upon and signed by a\\nnumber of inhabitants of West Jersey, which were confirmed by\\na letter dated London, 26th of 6th Month, 1676. Article\\nist described the boundary of the new concession, as follows\\nWe have divided with Sir George Carteret and have sealed\\ndeeds of partition each to the other, and we have all that side on\\nDelaware river from one end to the other the line of partition\\nis from the east side of Little Egg Harbor, straight north,\\nthrough the country to the utmost branch of Delaware river,\\nwith all powers, privileges, and immunities whatsoever ours is\\ncalled New West Jersey; his is called New East Jersey.\\nThis, with four additional articles relating to the partition of\\nthe colony, was signed by GaAvn Lawrie, William Penn, Nicholas\\nLucas, E. Billinge, John Eldridge, and Edmond Warner.\\nIn 1677, two companies of Quakers, one in Yorkshire and\\none in London, made purchase of some of the West Jersey\\nlands, and sent out the following commissioners to purchase the\\nlands of the Indians. (It may be worthy of remark here, that\\nnone of the land in Jersey was ever taken from the Indians,\\nexcept by purchase, satisfaction being rendered therefor on all\\nsides). The commissioners above named were Thomas Ollive,\\nDaniel Wills, John Kinsey, John Penford, Joseph Helmsley,\\nRobert Stacy, Benjamin Scott, Richard Guy,* and Thomas\\nFoulke. They fitted out a sailing vessel called the Kent, and\\nlanded their passengers, two hundred in number, at Raccoon\\nRichard Guy came in the first ship; John Kinsey died at ShacbamaxoH\\nsoon after landing; his remains were interred at Burlington in land appro-\\nprrated for a burial ground, but now a street.\\nD", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "38 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ncreek, while the commissioners sailed around to a place they\\ncalled Chygoes Island,* afterwards Burlington.\\nTheir first purchase through their Swedish interpreters, Israel\\nHelmes, Peter Rambo, and Lacy Cock, extended from Timber\\ncreek to Rancocas creek, and another from Oldman s creek ta\\nTimber creek.\\nAfter this they got Henrie Jacobson Falconbre to be their\\ninterpreter, and purchased from Rancocas creek to Assunpink.f\\nBut when they had agreed upon this last purchase they had not\\nIndian goods sufficient to pay the consideration, yet gave them\\nwhat they had to get the deed signed. J They were, however^\\nFrom Chygoe, an Indian sachem who lived there.\\nJ Meaning Stony creek,\\nJ Tlie deed for the lands between Rancocas creek and Timber creek bears\\ndate the loth of September, 1667 that for the land from Oldman s creek to\\nTimber creek the 27th of September, 1677; and that from Rancocas creek to\\nAssunpink the loth of October, 1677. By the consideration paid for the lands\\nbetween Oldman s and Timber creek a judgment may be formed of the rest-\\nIt consisted of thirty match-coats, twenty guns, thirty kettles and one great one,,\\nthii-ty pairs, of hose, twenty fathoms of duffelds, thirty petticoats, thirty narrow\\nhoes, thirty bars of lead, fifteen small bairels of powder, seventy knives, three\\nIndian axes, seventy combs, sixty pairs of tobacco tongs, sixty scissors, sixty\\ntinshaw looking-glasses, one hundred and twenty awl-blades, one hundred and\\ntwenty fish-hooks, two grasps of red paint, one hundred and twenty needles,\\nsixty tobacco-boxes, one hundred and twenty pipes, two hundred bells, one\\nhundred jewsharps, and six anchors of rum. In the year 1703, another\\npurchase was made by the council of proprietors of West Jersey of lands lying\\nabove the falls of Delaware another was also made about tliat time of lands\\nat the head of Rancocas river, and several purchases afterwards, included the\\nwhole of the lands worth taking up in West Jersey, except a few plantations\\nreserved to the Indians.\\nAn Indian sachem, called King Charles, laid an English right on a large\\nplantation at Weekpink, in the county of Burlington, which was so contrived\\nas to remain inalienable from his posterity forever. At a meeting of the council\\nof proprietors held at Burlington the 2d day of November, 1703, present\\nGeorge Deacon (president), Samuel Jennings, Thomas Gardener, Christopher\\nWetherall, and John Reading, it was ordered that John Wills, William Biddle,\\nj in., and John Reading, should go up to the Indians above the falls, and par-\\nticularly to Caponockous and to Nimhammoe s wigmam, to treat with them,,\\nand to have the bounds of the lands lately purchased from the Indians properly\\nlaid out, and to get from them deeds for the same.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n39\\nobliged to agree with the Indians not to settle till the remainder\\nwas paid.\\nThese commissioners, by mutual consent, laid out and settled\\nNew Beverly, which they afterwards called Bridlington, but soon\\nchanged it to Burlington. The town was divided into tenths\\nbetween the London and Yorkshire companies.\\nSeveral of the first settlers of the Yorkshire tenth in West\\nJersey had built upon the lowlands, near the falls of Delaware,\\nin the year 1676, where they lived for about sixteen years,\\nimproving to a considerable extent their habitations and lands.\\nThey had been told by the Indians that their buildings were\\nliable to be damaged by freshets, and the low situation of the\\nplace must have made it probable. They had, however, got up\\nseveral wooden tenements and out-houses, which in the spring of\\n1692, were generally demolished. The snows suddenly melting\\nabove caused an uncommon overflow of the river, which came\\nupon them so unexpectedly that many houses were surrounded\\nwith water and their inhabitants saved from destruction by the\\nneighbors, who seeing their perilous condition, came with their\\ncanoes and landed them on the shore opposite. The water\\ncontinued rising till it reached the upper stories of some of the\\nhouses, then most or all of them gave way and were dashed to\\npieces; many cattle were drowned, and beds, kettles, and other\\nfurniture were picked up on the shores below. The inhabitants\\nwere very much terrified, and considerable damage was done.\\nTwo persons in a house were carried away by the sweeping cur-\\nrent and lost their lives before they could be rescued. By this\\naccident the owners were taught to fix their habitations on\\nhigher grounds. This they called the great flood at Delaware\\nfalls.\\nIt has been asserted that the first settlement of Trenton was\\ncalled by the Indians Littleworth, in consequence of its liability\\nto be destroyed by a flood in the river. My impression, how-\\never, is, that the inhabitants never recognized it as the name of\\nthe town. Mahlon Stacy, who was one of the first purchasers of\\nland here, in letters written in 1680, dates them from the Falls\\nof Delaware. Rev. Dr. Cooley, who is supposed to have been\\nthe author of a series of articles published in the State Gazette", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "40\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nof this city, some years ago, and from which articles I have\\nobtained considerable information for this and subsequent\\nchapters, stated that he had seen a deed of two lots lying east\\nof Greene street, between Second street (now State) and the\\nAssanpink, which were described as being in Littleworth.\\nIf the inhabitants ever called any part of Trenton by that name\\nit must have been the lowlands between Front street and the\\ncreek, as it is but a few years since that was low meadow ground\\nand has been overflowed by freshets within the memory of most\\nof our citizens, and has within a few years been filled up until it\\nhas attained its present condition, being made ground. We are\\nnot prepared to dispute its being the name of the town at its\\nearliest settlement, but have grave doubts of such being the fact.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IV.\\nFirst settlers of Yorkshire tenth, northern part of Hopswell\\ntownship When taken up Trenton and Ewing Location\\nPopulation Religious institutions, etc. Lands in Trenton and\\nHopewell.\\nTHE province of Nova Caesarea or New Jersey was included\\nin the original grant made by Charles II. King of England,\\nto his brother James, the Duke of York, on the 20th of March,\\n1664,* and in June of the same year, the Duke of York conveyed\\nit to Lord John Berkley and Sir George Carteret, jointl}^ The\\nprovince was called Nova Cccsarea or New Jersey from the name\\nof the Isle of Jersey, in the English channel, the country of Sir\\nGeorge Carteret.\\nOn the 6th of August, 1680, the Duke of York relinquished\\nby deed his claim of ownership to the province of West New\\nJersey at th^ ame time he reserved the right of government,\\nand accordingly chose Edward Billinge as governor of that\\nprovince, and Ph lip Carteret was chosen governor of East\\nJersey.\\nThe Quakers of West New Jersey, who were now the proprie-\\ntors, had established a liberal government, and had placed\\nPrevious to 1752, the year commenced on the 25th of March, conse-\\nquently the time between the ist day of January and that day was reckoned\\nwith the fonner year, and was usually expressed by a double date. An instru-\\nment, for instance, bearing date January 15th, 1640, according to our calendar,\\nwould be expressed January 15th, 1639-40; sometimes only 1639. The day\\nof the month by the new style may be ascertained by omitting ten days in tlie\\nseventeenth century, eleven daj s in the eighteenth century, and twelve days in\\nthe nineteenth century. The alteration was made in England by a statute\\npassed in 175 1, to take effect in January, 1752, which authorized the omission\\nof the eleven intemiediate days of the calendar from the 2d to the 14th of\\nthat month.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "42 HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\ntheir civil and religious liberties upon a foundation that promised\\nto stand.\\nWilliam Penn, with eleven associates, some of whom were\\nalready concerned in New Jersey, became the purchasers of\\nCarteret s province. The deeds of lease and release (which are\\nyet in existence), were made to the purchasers on the ist and 2d\\nof February, 1681-2.\\nThe new proprietors proceeded at once to appoint a governor,\\nand their choice for this office fell upon Robert Barclay, of Urie,\\nin Scotland, a member of their own body.\\nAfter the London commissioners, who came over in the Kent,\\nhad laid out the town of Burlington, on the Delaware river, the\\nYorkshire commissioners, consisting of Joseph Helmsley, Robert\\nStacy, and William Emley, chose the purchase from the Assan-\\npink,* or Falls of the Delaware, to Ancocas or Rancocas creek.\\nIn November of this year, two ships arrived with passengers,\\nthe Willing Mind, f from London, and the Fly Boat\\nMartha, from Hull, with one hundred and fourteen passengers,\\nwho settled on the Yorkshire tract. In 1678, on the loth of\\nDecember, the Shield arrived from Hull.\\nThis was the first ship that had ever ascended the river as far\\nas Burlington.\\nShe moored to a tree, and the next morning after they arrived\\nthe passengers went ashore on the ice.| Among the emigrants\\nwho came in this vessel were Mahlon Stacy, Thomas Potts,\\nThomas Lambert, Thomas Newell, and Thomas W^od, with\\ntheir families; Godfrey Newbold, John Newbold, and Mr. Barnes,\\nmerchant, from Hull, Richard Green, and John Heyers.jl\\nThis creek is called in the public records, Derwent, St. Pink, Sun Pink,\\nAs3iinpink, (meaning stony creek, from its gravelly bottom) and Assanpink,\\nits present name.\\nSome of those who came in this ship settled at Burlington.\\nGordon, p. 40.\\nThomas Lambert purchased and settled at Lamberton, and from him the\\nplace derives its name. These three persons will figure largely in the history\\nof Trenton.\\nII Gordon and Smith s History, p. 109.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n45\\nMahlon Stacy took up a tract of land of eight hundred acres,\\nlying on both sides of the Assanpink, but principally on the\\nnorth side of the creek.*\\nSeveral of the first emigrants settled on the lowlands at the\\nFalls of the Delaware.\\nThe country in the vicinity of the Assanpink was for some\\ntime known as the Falls, or Falls of the Delaware. Mahlon\\nStacy, in writing to his friends in England, dates his letter from\\nthe Falls of the Delaware, in West Jersey, the 26th of the fourth\\nmonth, i68o.t\\nHe lived in a log house near the residence of Edward H.\\nStokes, Esq.\\nThis year (1680) Mahlon Stacy completed his grist mill,\\nwhich he built with hewn logs, on the south bank of the Assan-\\npink creek, in Kingsbury (now Broad) street, on the same spot\\nwhere the large paper mill owned by Henry McCall, Esq., now\\nstands. This mill was built but one and a half stories high, with\\na gable facing the street. Judge William Trent purchased it\\nabout the year 1690, and rebuilt it of stone, two stories high.\\nWilliam Trent, the first Chief Justice of New Jersey, died on the\\n25th of December, 1724. He was several years a member, and\\npart of the time speaker of the house of assembly; and being\\na lp.rge trader at Trenton, when the place was laid out for a\\ntown, it took its name from him. He had been also speaker of\\nthe assembly of Pennsylvania, and bore the character of a gen-\\ntleman. He died in Philadelphia.\\nAbout the same year that Mahlon Stacy built his grist mill on\\nthe Assanpink, Mr. Thomas Ollive built and completed a grist\\nmill on his plantation, on Rancocas creek. These two mills\\nwere the only ones which supplied the country for miles around,\\nand for several years after were the only ones in New Jersey.\\nIn the year 1681, a law was passed to measure the front of the\\nriver Delaware, from St. Pink to Cape May, in order to divide\\n*This tract lay between the old York road (now Greene street) and the\\nDelaware river, and between State and Ferry streets, and extended into what\\nis now Hamilton township on the south side of the creek; Lambert s purchase\\nwas south of Ferry street.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0j- Smith s History, p. 114. J Smith s Histoiy, p. 419.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "44 HI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\nit into ten proprietaries, each proprietor to have his proportion\\non the front of the river, and to extend back into the woods, so\\nas to contain sixty-four thousand acres, and each proprietary was\\nto be divided into ten equal parts.*\\nAt this division the first proprietary, or Yorkshire tenth,\\nextended from the Assanpink, where it empties into the Dela-\\nware, west of the Warren street bridge, south to the Rancocas\\ncreek, in Burlington county, and east into the woods, so as to\\ncontain in each proprietary sixty-four thousand acres of land.\\nAt that time the main land extended nearly opposite Cox s\\nmill,f at the mouth of the Assanpink, so as to include the Island\\nof Sand, or Gravelly Island. And even within the memory of\\nsome of our oldest inhabitants, crops of wheat and corn have\\nbeen raised on these lowlands, now covered with water.\\nThe name of Littleworth| was given to the lands lying on the\\nnorth of the Assanpink, and belonging to Mr. Stacy s purchase.\\nWe were informed by the late Rev. Dr. Cooley that there is a\\nmap in the secretary of state s office of two lots lying east of\\nGreene street, between Second street (now State) and the creek,\\nbeing in Littleworth.\\nIt is not known to how large an extent of country this term\\napplied, but it is supposed by some persons that the settlement\\nmentioned above was at the south end of the village of Lam-\\nberton but in the absence of authentic records to substantiate\\nthe supposition, the name of Littleworth is not mentioned in\\nany known writing which relates to property in that place. But\\nI am inclined to the belief that if known to the inhabitants by\\nthis name at all, it took in all the lands south of Second (now\\nState) street, north of the Assanpink creek, and east of the\\nDelaware river, while others suppose it to have meant only the\\nLearning Spicer, p. 436.\\nf The ruins of Cox s mill are still standing, a short distance south of the\\npaper mill late Gaunt Derrickson s. It was about thirty by thirty-eight feet,\\nand built of stone.\\nSmith s New Jersey.\\nThese are the only records we are able to find to substantiate the name.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n45\\ntract of country in the immediate vicinity of the Assanpink\\ncreek, west of Greene street.\\nThe land which lay north of Mahlon Stacy s eight hundred\\nacre tract on the Delaware, was taken up by Nathaniel Petit,\\nand is at present part of what was known a few years back as the\\nRutherford estate. Adjoining this tract were the lands of Peter\\nFretwell, William Spencer, and Joshua Ely, now owned by E. J.\\nC. Atterbury, Esq., (late the Dickinson estate), General Thomas\\nCadwallader, the children of the late Mr. John Dean, the\\nproperty of Henry McCall, Esq., and formerly Robert McCall,\\nEsq. the latter of which was part of the Rutherford estate, and\\nthe former part of the Dean property. The Dean property was\\npurchased of Joshua Ely by Mr. John Dean, in January, 1 709,\\nand was part of Hutchinson s manor.\\nFrom the northwest corner of the Dickinson farm (or Mr.\\nSpencer s land, now Mr. Atterbury s), on the river, commenced\\nThomas Hutchinson s manor, above mentioned.\\nThe first survey of twenty-five hundred acres was in June, 1687,\\nand the addition of twenty-five hundred acres was surveyed in\\n1689, when the lands were taken up. This tract extended north\\non the Delaware between three and four miles, and back from\\nthe river so as to include about five thousand acres and from\\nthe northwestern boundary of Hutchinson s land on the Dela-\\nware, the society tract commenced, containing ten thousand\\nacres, surveyed in May, 1699. How far the western boundary\\nof this tract extended northerly on the river is not at present\\ndefinitely known.\\nThe Hutchinson manor-house was on the farm on which the\\nState Lunatic Asylum now stands, formerly owned by John\\nTitus, Esq. All these lands, with most, if not all, the other\\ntracts, were included in what was, as early as 1699, known as\\nthe township of Hopewell, and which was bounded by the\\nAssanpink on the south, by the line of division between East\\nand West Jersey on the east, and by the present boundary of the\\ntownship of Hopewell on the north.\\nAt what time this tract of country received the name of Hope-\\nw^ell I am not informed. A part of the plantation belonging to\\nthe Dean family was deeded by Jonathan Eldredge, of Burling-", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "46 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nton, to Moses Petit, of Hopewell, in the township of Nottingham,\\nin 1695.\\nIn 1683, the general assembly gave to Governor Jennings six\\nhundred acres of land, above the Falls, in consideration of his\\nnecessary charges as governor, when the lands shall have been\\npurchased of the Indians. This shows that at the commence-\\nment of the seventeenth century the country above the falls had\\nnot been purchased or settled.\\nVery few settlements had been made in the township at the\\ncommencement of the last century, with the exception of those\\nmade on the lowlands above the Assanpink, in 1676, and\\nwhich were totally destroyed by the flood in 1692, already\\nmentioned. After this disaster the buildings which were erected\\nin the vicinity of the Assanpink were built on the south side of\\nthe creek.\\nThat spot of ground immediately adjoining the creek on the\\nsouth was called Kingsbury, afterwards Kensington Hill; but\\nwhen it became a manufacturing place of some note, the name\\nwas again changed to Mill Hill, which name it continued to\\nbear until it was incorporated with Bloomsbury and made the\\nborough of South Trenton.\\nThere are yet standing some of the old buildings erected at\\nthe opening of the nineteenth century, among which we may\\nmention the house at the corner of Broad and Second streets,\\nlate the property of John Pearson, deceased; the Eagle Tavern,\\non the corner of Broad and Ferry streets; a stone house in\\nBroad street, on the west side, south of Market street, belonging\\nto George James, where Daniel Fenton at one time kept a book-\\nstore a frame house in the same street, nearly opposite the\\nlatter, lately owned by Miss Catherine Riley a stone house\\nbelonging to Mrs. Jane Kite, and now occupied as a looking-\\nglass and picture-frame store, on the east side of Broad street,\\nnorth of Market street a frame house nearly opposite, belonging\\nto the German Lutheran Church, and occupied as a parsonage\\nby Rev. George F. Gardiner, formerly belonging to the heirs of\\nCaptain Alexander Douglass, deceased, a revolutionary patriot,\\nLearning Spicer, p. 471.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n47\\nand noted as the place where General Washington held a council\\nof war on the evening of the 2d of January, 1777, at which\\ntime they resolved to surprise the enemy by falling on their\\nrear; the stone house near the corner of Broad and Factory\\nstreets, late the property of Daniel Lodor, deceased, which, in\\nthe year 1850, he converted into two stores, and put in brick\\nfronts. These buildings were erected by George Bright, a baker,\\nin the year 1756, who, at the same time, erected a stone bake-\\nhouse directly opposite his residence, which Avas a few years\\nsince taken down. It was located between the paper mill and\\nthe building now standing on the south of it. On the end of\\nthe bakery was a grey stone tablet, bearing the inscription, G. B.,\\n1756. This same tablet can now be seen embedded in the wall\\nof the large paper mill belonging to Henry McCall, Esq., about\\nthe centre of the front of the building.\\nMr. Thomas Lambert settled at Lambertstown about the year\\n1679, and from him the place took its name.\\nMr. Isaac Watson, who came from Nottingham, England,\\nsettled on the place late in the occupancy of Mr. Benjamin Van\\nSchoick, and in 1708 built the house which is still standing.\\nThe township of Nottingham was so called from the place in\\nEngland from whence Mr. Watson came. About the year 1 700,\\nthe settlements were commenced by persons who bought the\\nlands from the original proprietors, or persons who had taken up\\nthe lands and most of the deeds of plantations in the different\\nparts of the township bear date from 1699 to 17 10. There was\\nconsiderable difficulty experienced about the title of lands.\\nGrants of land had been made at different times to different\\npersons, and when they Avere surveyed it was found that in some\\ncases the same land had been granted to different persons. Some\\nhad purchased of those who had taken up the land, whose titles,\\nif they had any, were obtained from the Indians.\\nDr. Daniel Cox, being one of the rightful proprietors of the\\nlands in this section of the country, Mr. Thomas Revell was\\nappointed by the purchasers to make such arrangements with\\nDr. Cox as would secure them in the possession of their land,\\nand from the following it appears that he had attended to the\\nbusiness to their satisfaction", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "48 HISTOR Y OF TRENTOI^.\\nAugust 26th, 1703. We, underwritten, having, at the date of\\nthe above, at the house of Ralph Hunt, in Maiden township,\\nheard read the agreement made the 20th of April, 1703, between\\nDr. Daniel Cox, Esq., and Thomas Revell, on behalf of the\\npurchasers of the land within Maiden and Hopewell, do hereby\\ndeclare and signify our full and free assent and consent to the\\nsame.\\nIn testimony thereof have thereto set our hands the day and\\nyear above.\\nJoshua Anderson, William Green,\\nEaiph and Samuel Hunt, John Burroughs,\\nJohn Banbridge, Isaac and Joseph Reeder,\\nJonathan Davis, Theophilus Phillips,\\nRobert and John Lanning, and others.\\nNotwithstanding the care which the first settlers took to\\nsecure good titles for their lands, many of them afterwards had\\nto buy the second time or relinquish them and several did give\\nup the lands, with the improvements they had made, and settle\\nin other parts of the country, rather than pay for them again.\\nThe provincial legislature, in 1694, enacted that the inhabi-\\ntants above the St. Pink, or Derwent (Assanpink), in the\\nprovince, should belong to Burlington. f\\nIn May, 1701, Andrew Heath and William Spencer were\\nappointed assessors of the township of Hopewell, and Nathaniel\\nPetit, collector. J These persons lived near the Falls, except\\nMr. Heath, who lived on the farm now owned by Mr. Joseph B.\\nAnderson.\\nFrom the year 1700, the settlement of the township was\\nincreased by persons from Long Island, East Jersey, and other\\nparts. Messrs. Daniel Howell, Ebenezer Prout, Isaac Reeder,\\nJohn Burroughs, Charles Clark, Richard Scudder, Robert Lan-\\nning, Jacob and John Reeder, William Reed, Simon Sacket,\\nJohn Deane, John and Abiel Davis, Jonathan Davis, and others,\\n*Book of Deeds A A A, p. 8, in secretary of state s office.\\nf Learning Spicer, p. 532.\\nLearning Spicer, p. 583.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n49\\nsettled in what is now Ewing, as appears from their deeds and\\nfamily records; and in April, 1703, Mr. John Hutchinson (only\\nson and heir of Thomas Hutchinson, who died intestate), con-\\nveyed a lot of land to the inhabitants of Hopewell as a place of\\nburial. The instrument conveying the lands is as follows, and\\nmay be found on page 114, AAA, folio 105, at the secretary of\\nstate s office, Trenton\\nJohn Hutchinson, of Hopewell, county of Burlington, c.,\\nto Andrew Heath, Richard Ayre, Abiel Davis, and Zebulon\\nHaston,* of the same county, c., hath granted to the said\\nAndrew Heath, c., a piece of landf on the easterly side of the-\\nhighway leading between the house of the said John Hutchinson\\nand Andrew Heath, c., containing two acres, in trust for the\\ninhabitants of the said township of Hopewell and their succes-\\nsors, inhabiting and dwelling within the said township, forever,\\nfor the public and common use and benefit of the whole town-\\nship, for the erecting and building a public meeting-house\\nthereon, and also for a place of burial, and for no other use,\\nintent, or purpose whatsoever.\\nThis probably was the first house built for public worship in\\nthe township of Hopewell and for Trenton, and, as far as we can\\nascertain, the first in the state, except that of the Quakers. It\\nwas occupied by the Episcopalians until their church was built\\nin Trenton, ani occasionally for many years afterwards. A\\nportion of the foundation is still standing, and in it the stone\\nwhich consecrates the memory of Samuel Tucker, president of\\nthe second provincial congress of New Jersey, and state treasurer,\\nas well as that of his wife, and several prominent citizens of\\nTrenton of that day.\\nZebulon Haston lived on the place owned by the late Amos Reader,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2which was bought by Isaac Reeder in 1707, of Mr. Haston.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0j- This lot has, with:n the last twenty-five years, been sold by the trustees of\\nthe Episcopal Church in Trenton to Ralph Lanning, and lies on an eminence\\nabout thirty rods northeast from his dwelling, and north of the State Lunatic\\nAsylum.\\nE", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER V.\\nThe places of public worship Friends Episcopalia7i Presby-\\nterian First houses in Trettto7i William Trenf s purchase\\nBou7tdaries of Burli7igton CreatioJt of Hunterdon Comity\\nMrs. Fenelope Stout shipwrecked and attacked and badly\\nwounded by the Indians Her recovery and descendants First\\nCourts in Hunterdon Where held Fi? st fudges Grand\\nJuries, etc. High Sheriff s complaint of the fail Trial of the\\nRev. Joh?i Rowland for theft, and of Rev. William Tejinent\\nfor perjury.\\nTHE first settlements were made about the year 1676, at the\\nFalls of the Delaware, by the Friends, and occupied both\\nsides of the river.\\nThose on the New Jersey side, besides those already men-\\ntioned on the lowlands at the mouth of the Assanpink, were on\\nthe pla^1^s, south of the Assanpink, where Messrs. Norton and\\nLalor s farms, and Mill Hill and Lamberton were formerly\\nsituated. Gordon in his history, quoting from Kalm, says\\nTrenton is a long, narrow town, situate some distance from\\nthe Delaware, on a sandy plain.\\nThis description certainly cannot apply to that part of Trenton\\nnorth of the creek, or Trenton proper, and there is no land in\\nthe neighborhood of the city which will answer this description\\nexcept that south of the Assanpink, mentioned above.\\nThere was a burying ground on the top of the hill at the\\nextreme southern boundary of Trenton now incorporated in the\\nRiverview cemetery. This place of burial belonged to the\\nFriends, and in it repose the remains of some of the first settlers\\nof this section of country the author himself can trace back to\\nseveral of his ancestry who repose in this ancient place of burial.\\nAt a visit to this grave-yard some years since, I found the", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n51\\nwestern end, next to the river, fenced in and ploughed up, while\\nthe eastern side was thrown open as a commons, and the mounds\\ncovering the remains of the ancestors of some of our own inhabi-\\ntants were exposed to the ravages of cattle, and such mischievous\\npersons as from time to time assemble there and desecrate the\\nlast resting place of the dead. This sacred spot has now been\\ntaken under the care of the Riverview Cemetery Company, and\\nthe graves are properly looked after and preserved, though\\nsuitable monuments have not yet, but we hope soon will be\\nerected, to consecrate the memory of the illustrious dead who\\nrepose there. Chief Justice Henry W. Green a few years since\\npurchased a plot of ground there for the burial of those who lost\\ntheir lives in defence of their country in the recent rebellion.\\nThis ground was deeded by Mr. Green to the city, but we are\\ngrieved to say that no steps have yet been taken to have so\\nsacred a spot properly cared for. The act was praiseworthy on\\nthe part of the donor, and no citizen of Trenton could possibly\\nobject to having the lot properly fenced and cared for. Con-\\ngress at their last session voted Post No. 8, Grand Army of the\\nRepublic, of this city, eight condemned cannon as posts for\\nfencing in the lot, and a few hundred dollars appropriated by\\ncommon council would complete the work. When this is done,\\nwe learn Mr. Green is prepared to place a suitable monument in\\nthe lot. The lot is thirty by one hundred and thirty feet;\\nabout fifty Union soldiers are buried there.\\nThe place of burial first mentioned was laid out about the\\nyear 1700. In the centre of the yard is a soapstone tablet about\\nsix feet long by two feet wide, bearing date 171 2, the time when\\nthe old Presbyterian Church was founded. And although that\\nbuilding was not erected till 1726, yet all traces of it are now\\nentirely obliterated, while the graves of those buried in the old\\ngrave-yard still remain a relic of the times to which the\\nmemory of man runneth not.\\nThe tablet is completely covered with inscriptions, but it is\\nimpossible to decipher them in consequence of their having\\nbeen so much defaced. I have no doubt there is much upon\\nthem which would be of great interest to our readers but, like\\nmany of the ancient arts, I fear they are entirely lost to us.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "52\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nSouth of this tablet, I saw another of white marble, apparently\\nPennsylvania marble. This stone bears a simple inscription in\\nthe following words: In memory of John Bainbridge, who\\ndied 1732, aged seventy-five. He was a gentleman of great\\nmerit, having the confidence of the people he was called to fill\\nmany important offices in the colony. The name of John was\\nspelt with I, and in Bainbridge, the first i was crowded\\nout and placed above the line.\\nThis ground is filled with graves, the prominence of which are\\nin a good state of preservation, nearly all of them having head\\nand foot-stones composed of brown and gray sandstone, but the\\ntwo above mentioned are the only ones containing inscriptions.\\nI have been informed that the grounds, before they were purchased\\nby the cemetery company, belonged to the Friends of Cross-\\nwicks. It was probably the first, and for many years their only\\nplace of burial in this vicinity, and served the country for miles\\naround. I have heard it asserted that this was used as a burial\\nground by the Friends who lived as far down the river as Bur-\\nlington, and that their dead were brought up the Delaware in\\ncanoes but I can hardly credit this, as the Friends had a burial\\nground at Burlington as early as 1677, some twenty-three years\\nbefore this ground was laid out for that purpose.\\nThe Friends who had left England, on account of the perse-\\ncution raised against them for their religion, sought an asylum\\non the peaceful shores of the Delaware, where they have, undis-\\nturbed, enjoyed the privileges of religious, as well as civil free-\\ndom. For many years they had no public buildings for worship,\\nbut their meetings were held in private houses.\\nGovernor William Penn, who, in the year 1683, issued an\\norder for the establishment of a post-office, requested Phineas\\nPeraberton carefully to publish the information on the meeting-\\nhoiise door, that is, on the door of ih private house in which the\\nSociety of Friends were accustomed to meet. It was usual for\\nFriends settled about the Falls (or Fallsington, in Bucks county)^\\nto assemble at the houses of William Yardley, James Harrison,\\nPhineas Pemberton, William Biles, and William Beakes. For\\nthe meeting-house at the Falls was not built till 1690, nor the\\none at Burlington till 1696, nor the one at Bristol till 17 10.\\nFriends Miscellany, vol. vii., p. 29.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n53\\nThe meeting-house in Trenton city was built in 1739. This\\ndate was formerly on the building, but when it was repaired, in\\n1838, in rough-casting it they covered the date completely over,\\nwhich certainly was an error on their part, as it should have been\\nleft as a monument, to designate a period prior to the struggle\\nfor American independence.\\nThe building is located on the corner of Hanover and Mont-\\ngomery streets. It has been occupied for the same purpose since\\nits erection up to the present time. The door of the entrance to\\nthis meeting-house was on the south side of it, facing Hanover\\nstreet, and directly over the door was the inscription above men-\\ntioned.\\nAt the time of the separation, in 1828, one part of the society\\nleft this house, and for several years held their meetings in the\\nbuilding at the northeast corner of Greene and Academy streets,\\nin the church formerly belonging to the Methodists, until 1858,\\nwhen they built their place of worship in Mercer street, near\\nLivingston. The meeting-house in Greene street stood a few\\nfeet back from the street, and they erected a brick wall about ten\\nfeet high in front of it.\\nIt seldom happens but that disasters of some kind befall the\\nsettlers of a new country. Change of climate, modes of living,\\nthe air, the soil, and other causes, not unfrequently occasion\\nsickness and great mortality among them. This was the case, tc\\na very alarming degree, among the first settlers on James river,\\nVirginia, and also among those who landed on Plymouth rock,\\nin Massachusetts. And many of the inhabitants in the vicinity\\nof the Falls were visited with sickness, and were removed by\\ndeath, by a malignant fever, which prevailed among them in\\n1687, both in Pennsylvania and New Jersey.*\\nPhineas Pemberton says, that on the i6th of 3d month,\\n(that is, March i6th), 1687, there was a great land flood, and\\non the 29th a rupture. This is supposed to refer to the forma-\\ntion of the island at Morrisville, opposite the Trenton bridge,\\nwhich was at this time separated from the mainland.\\nThe flood here referred to is probably the same as that men-*\\nFritndi Miscellany, vol. vii., p. 31.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "54\\nHIST OR V OF TRENTON.\\ntioned by Mr. Smith, as occurring in 1692,* and there appears\\nto be an error in one of the dates, for it is supposed that so\\ngreat a rise in the waters as to overflow the banks on the Penn-\\nsylvania side of the Delaware river, at the falls, must have swept\\naway the settlement on the lowlands, at the mouth of the Assan-\\npink; and yet, this is said not to have occurred till 1692. The\\nlands on the Jersey shore might, however, have been much\\nhigher than on the Pennsylvania side, and probably they were,,\\nas they were tilled till many years afterward.\\nKalm, a Swede, who traveled in this country in 1748, says,\\nthat his landlord in Trenton told him that twenty years before\\n(1726), when he settled there, there was hardly more than one\\nhouse.\\nIn August, 1 814, Mrs. Jemima Howell (youngest daughter of\\nMr. John Burroughs), who was born in the year 1724, informed\\na citizen of this place that although she could not tell when the\\nframe church (in Ewing) was built, yet she remembered that she\\nhad helped to scrub it, seventy years before. She said she also\\nwell remembered when there were but two or three small houses\\nwhere the city of Trenton is built, and that it was woods from\\nthe neighborhood of the frame church to Mahlon Stacy s mill,\\non the Assanpink, the place now occupied by Mr. J. G. Burk as a\\npaper mill that they had only a foot-path for many years after^\\nand that the farmers carried their grain to market on pack horses.\\nKalm says that in 1748 there were near a hundred houses in\\nTrenton. The probability is, from the description he has given\\nof the town, that he included the buildings on the north and\\nsouth sides of the Assanpink. He also says that there were two\\nsmall churches one belonging to the Church of England, and\\nthe other belonging to the Presbyterians. As Nottingham and\\nHopewell were settled almost entirely by Friends, there is reason\\nto suppose that they were among the first to erect places of pub-\\nlic worship, which was probably the fact, as their house was\\nbuilt in 1739. Nearly all the first buildings in the original city\\nwere on or near the York road (now Greene street), which led\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2from Mahlon Stacy s mills.\\nSmith s Histoiy, p. 208.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. c^\\nThe Presbyterian and Episcopal churches of this city were\\nboth branches of their respective churches in the country. Most\\nof the Episcopalians at first lived above the falls, in the vicinity\\nof the church they built on the grounds of the Hutchinson\\nfamily, As Mr. Thomas Hutchinson died before this ground\\nwas appropriated for a burial place, the family selected a spot on\\nthe manor, where several of them, and others, were buried,\\nwhich is the ground above mentioned.\\nThis spot is about fifteen or twenty rods east of the road, and\\nat the brow of the hill, nearly in front of the old manor-house,\\nwhich was on the farm now belonging to the State of New\\nJersey, on which the lunatic asylum stands.\\nThe Presbyterians obtained a lot of land for a place of burial\\nand on which to build a church, from Mr. Alexander Lockhart,\\nwho lived on the plantation now owned by the children of the late\\nDr. Joseph Olden. The deed bears date March 9th, 1709. The\\nland was granted, in trust, to Richard Scudder, John Burroughs,\\nEbenezer Prout, Daniel Howell, John Deane, John Davis, Jona-\\nthan Davis, Enoch Anderson, William Osborne, Jacob Reeder,\\nCornelius Anderson, John Lefferous, Simon Sackett, George\\nFarley, Caleb Farley, William Reed, and Joseph Sackett.\\nNot long after this, probably in 171 2, a house was built of\\nlogs, for a place of public worship, near the spot on which the\\nbrick church now stands, in the township of Ewing, of which\\nRev. E. F. Cooley was pastor until his death. At this time the\\nPresbyterians in the city formed themselves into a congregation,\\nseparate from the church in Hopewell.\\nIn a few years after, the log building was taken down, and a\\nframe one erected, which was occupied until IThe year 1795,\\nwhen the brick church was built, and occupied by them until\\nthey erected the present edifice.\\nWe can find no record to show us with certainty the year in\\nwhich the frame church was erected, but suppose it to have been\\nabout the year 1726, at the same time the church in the city was\\nbuilt.\\nThe city church was built, as will be seen by an inscription on\\nthe western portico of the First Presbyterian Church in State\\nstreet, as follows Presbyterian Church formed 1712 built", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "56\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n1726 rebuilt 1805. These dates, as has been urged by a late\\nwriter, could not refer to the church in the country, as, by the\\ninscription on the tablet, the city church was formed the first\\nyear above mentioned, 1 7 1 2. It was at that time that a separation\\ntook place between the city congregation and the old church in\\nthe country. But no edifice was erected for public worship until\\n1726, when the stone church was built, which was afterwards\\nremoved, and the brick one erected in 1805. This latter was\\ntaken down, and the present building was erected east of the old\\none, and in the immediate centre of the yard, in 1839.\\nIn the church yard, on the left as you enter from the street^\\nthere is a brown stone, which bears the following inscription\\nHere lieth the body of Margaret Anderson, who died on\\nthe 25th day of July, Anno 1733, j^^t seven years after the\\nchurch was built.\\nA century and a quarter ago, it was seldom any stone bearing\\nan inscription was erected over the remains of the dead. Where\\nit was done, at that day, it was in consequence of worth in the\\nindividual.\\nAnd although this is the oldest record we have any knowledge\\nof, in reference to persons being buried in this yard, yet there no\\ndoubt were others buried there years before, as scarcely a grave\\ncan be dug in the yard, without disinterring the bones of some\\none previously deposited there.\\nIn April, 1727, Enoch Andrews (Andrus, and now Anderson)^\\nconveyed to John Potterfield, Daniel Howell, Richard Scudder,\\nAlexander Lockhart, William Yard, William Hoff, John Leffer-\\nous, and Joseph Yard, a lot of land on the north side of\\nSecond street (now State), that goes to the iron works. These\\niron works were on the property formerly owned by G. Perdi-\\ncaris, Esq., and through which State street has now been\\nextended to Hamilton township.\\nThis lot conveyed by Enoch Andrews was one hundred and\\nfifty feet in length, and one hundred and fifty feet deep.* The\\nlot thus deeded was on the eastern end of the old grave-yard\\nthat piece of ground where the old church stood being one\\n*Book of Deeds AF, folio 108, in secretary s office.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n57\\nhundred feet front consequently, when the additional ground\\ncame into the possession of the trustees of tlie church, it should\\nhave made a front of two hundred and fifty feet, but, by a sur-\\nvey made in 1840, the lot is two hundred and forty-seven feet\\nnine inches, being a loss of two feet three inches, which, at the\\npresent time, in that part of State street, is of considerable value.\\nAlthough this church had been so long established, it was not\\ntill 1756 that George II. granted a patent, incorporating it as the\\nPresbyterian Church of Trenton, appointing Rev. David Cowell,\\nCharles Clark, Esq., Andrew Reed, Esq., Joseph Yard, Arthur\\nHowell, William Green, and Alexander Chambers, trustees,\\nunder the name of Trustees of the Presbyterian Church of\\nTrenton.\\nIn August, 1 714, Mahlon Stacy sold his plantation of eight\\nhundred acres, lying on both sides of the Assanpink creek, on\\nthe Delaware, to Colonel William Trent, of Philadelphia, who\\nremoved to Trenton shortly after, and built the mansion now in\\nthe occupancy of Edward H. Stokes. It subsequently belonged\\nto Dr. Daniel Coxe, and was known as the Bloomsbury farm.\\nThe tenaat-house was the building situate on the corner of\\nMarket and Union streets, near the water power.\\nIn the year 1694, the general assembly fixed the boundaries of\\nBurlington on the south by the river Cropwell (formerly called\\nPensaukin), and on the north by the river Derwent (formerly\\ncalled Sunpink).f\\nIn March, 17 14, they set off the county of Hunterdon from\\nthe county of Burlington, making the Sunpink, or Assunpink,\\nthe southern boundary of Hunterdon, and making the county to\\ninclude all the northern part of West New Jersey. But the\\ninhabitants of the county were restricted from choosing members\\nof the general assembly until the year 1727, and continued to\\nvote for representatives for Burlington, as before the county was\\ndivided. The county of Hunterdon took its name from Colonel\\nRobert Plunter, who was provincial governor at the time the\\nA more particular description of this cliurcli will be given under its appro-\\npriate head.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0j- Learning Spicer, p. 350.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "58\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ncounty was set off. In 1727, Mr. John Potterfield and Joseph\\nStout were admitted to seats in the general assembly, as the first\\nmembers from the county of Hunterdon.\\nMorris county was formed from Hunterdon, March 15 th,\\n1738-9. It was named after Lewis Morris, Esq., then governor\\nof the province. Sussex was formed from Morris, in June, 1753-\\nWarren from Sussex, in 1824, and named after General Warren.\\nIn 1838 Mercer was formed from the southern part of Hunter-\\ndon, viz., Lawrence, Hopewell, Ewing, and Trenton, in Hun-\\nterdon county Nottingham, in Burlington county, and East\\nand West Windsor and Princeton, in East Jersey. It was named\\nafter the brave General Mercer, who fell in the engagement at\\nthe battle of Princeton, on the 3d of January, 1777.\\nMr. Joseph Stout, before mentioned, was from the northern\\npart of Hopewell, the settlement of which was commenced in\\n1704, by three families from Middletown, in Monmouth county.\\nThe place was then a wilderness, and full of Indians.\\nJoseph Stout was the son of Jonathan, the head of one of\\nthese three families, who, in 1705, purchased his plantation of\\nWilliam Biles, agent for William Croush and James Wass. He\\nhad resided on the land the previous year as a tenant.\\nIn a small pamphlet published in 1790, a very interesting\\naccount is given of this family.\\nThe parents of Jonathan Stout were Richard and Penelope\\nStout. Mrs. Stout was born in Amsterdam, about the year\\n1602. Her father s name was Vanprinces. She and her first\\nhusband (whose name is not known) sailed for New York (then\\nNew Amsterdam) about the year 1620. The vessel was stranded\\nat Sandy Hook. The crew got ashore, and went toward New\\nYork, but the husband of Penelope being hurt in the wreck,\\nC013I4 not travel with them, and they both tarried in the woods.\\nThey had not been long left before the Indians came upon\\nthem and killed them as they thought, and stripped them of\\ntheir garments. However, Penelope revived, although her skull\\nwas fractured and her left shoulder so injured that she was never\\nable to use it like the other, besides she was so cut across the\\nbody that her bowels protruded, and she was obliged to keep\\nher hand upon the wound.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n59\\nIn this situation she continued for seven days, taking shelter\\nin a hollow tree, living on what she could pick off from the tree.\\nOn the seventh day she saw a deer pass with arrows sticking in\\nit, and soon after appeared two Indians whom she was glad to\\nsee, hoping that they would put her out of her misery. Accord-\\ningly, one made towards her, to knock her in the head but the\\nother (who was an elderly man), prevented him, and throwing\\nhis watchcoat about her, took her to his wigwam and cured her\\nof her wounds. Afterwards he took her to New York and\\npresented her to her countrymen, expecting a present in return,\\nno doubt. It was in New York that Richard Stout married her,\\nin her twenty-second year. He was from England, of a good\\nfamily, and in his fortieth year. They had several children,\\nand Mrs. Stout lived to the age of one hundred and ten years,\\nand saw her offspring multiplied to five hundred and two in\\nabout eighty-eight years.\\nMr. Jonathan Stout belonged to the Baptist denomination,\\nand was the founder of the Baptist Church in the northern part\\nof the township of Hopewell. The church was organized the\\n23d of April, 1 715, and the members met in private dwellings\\nuntil the year 1747, when their house for public worship was\\nbuilt.\\nWhen the assembly made the county of Hunterdon in 1714,\\nthey enacted that the Court of Common Pleas and Quarter Ses-\\nsions should be held alternately at Maidenhead (Lawrenceville)\\nand Hopewell, until a court-house and gaol for the county\\nshould be built, f\\nAn act was passed April 6th, 1676, that the county courts\\nshould be held at one time in one town, and at another time in\\nanother town, J and accordingly they were held for the county\\nof Hunterdon, in Maidenhead, in the months of June and\\nDecember, and in Hopewell in March and September, from\\nJune, 1714, to September, 1719. The first courts in the county\\n*I give the narrative verbatim as published in 1790.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2j- Laws and Ordinances, vol. i., p. loO, in State Library at Trenton.\\n;j: Learning Spicer, p. 116.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "6o HISTOR V OF TRENTOlSf.\\nwere held at Maidenhead on the second Tuesday of June, 1714,\\nbut at what house we are not informed.\\nAfterwards they were held at the houses of Theophilus Phillips,\\nWilliam Osborne, Mr. Hornor, and Daniel Bailey.\\nIn Hopewell they were held first and subsequently at the\\nhouse of Andrew Heath and the house of Robert Lanning, (the\\nplace afterwards owned by the heirs of Nathaniel Lanning).\\nIn September, 1719, the courts were held in Trenton. It\\nhaving been represented to the governor that the holding the\\ncourts alternately in Maidenhead and Hopewell was attended\\nwith inconvenience, in March, 1719, he recommended that the\\ncourts should be held and kept in Trenton from the month of\\nSeptember next ensuing.\\nThe magistrates present at the first court in the county, held\\nat Maidenhead, were John Bainbridge, Jacob Bellerjeau, Philip\\nPhillips, William Green, John Holcomb, Samuel Green, and\\nSamuel Fitch. The tombstone before mentioned in the burying\\nground at Lamberton no doubt refers to the John Bainbridge\\nhere mentioned, as it states he was a gentleman of great merit,\\nand having the confidence of the people, was called to fill many\\nimportant offices in the colony. And he was no doubt the\\nancestor of the Bainbridges in this part of the country, and of\\nthe late gallant Commodore Bainbridge.\\nWilliam Green and John Reading were the first assessors of\\nHunterdon, and Ralph Hunt, the first collector these offices\\nat that time being county instead of township offices, as they\\nnow are.\\nThe first grand jurors were William Hixson, Daniel Howell,\\nRobert Lanning, Henry Mershon, Richard Compton, George\\nWoolsey, Joseph Reeder, Jr., Thomas Standling, Richard\\nScudder, Timothy Baker, John Burroughs, John Titus, Samuel\\nEverett, John Ely, and Richard Lanning.\\nJohn Muirheid, high sheriff, complained to the court in 1714\\nand 1 71 7, and in June, 1719, and in March, 1720, that there\\nwas no gaol (or jail) for the county.\\nLaws and Ordinances, p. 223, State Library at Trenton.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 6 1\\nIn 1728-9, John Dagworthy, Esq., high sheriff, complained\\nto the court that the jail was so out of repair that escapes took\\nplace daily. Ordered to be repaired.\\nIn 1 7 14, the land became the property of Colonel Trent, and\\nin 1 719, if not before, the courts were held here part of the time\\nunder the act of April, 1676, directing them to be held in the\\ntowns alternately.\\nIn 1824 it was enacted that the Supreme Court for the\\ncounty of Hunterdon, be held in July, at Trent s-town.\\nThe first courts held here were at the house of William Yard,\\nnow No. 24 East Front street.\\nAbout the year 1721, a log jail for the county was built at the\\nforks of the roads leading from Trenton to Pennington, and\\nfrom Pennington to the Eight-Mile-Ferry, nearly opposite the\\nresidence of the late Jesse Moore, Esq.\\nFrom the complaint of the sheriff it appears that neither the\\njail nor the character of the inhabitants was much credit to the\\ncounty if the criminals were so numerous and the prison so weak\\nthat escapes occurred daily.\\nAlthough the sheriff complained to the court of the daily\\nescapes from the jail, there does not appear on the record of the\\ncourt many criminal cases presented by the grand jury.\\nThey found a bill at one term of the courts against a man\\nfor stealing a book called the New Testament, and at another\\ncourt against a man for stealing a horse bill. Besides these,\\nbut very few bills were found.\\nA few years afterwards some of the most interesting trials took\\nplace which ever came before this court, in which the Rev. John\\nRowland was tried for theft, and the celebrated Presbyterian\\nclergyman, Rev. William Tennent, pastor of the Church at\\nFreehold, and Joshua Anderson and Benjamin Stevens, promi-\\nnent members of the Presbyterian Church at Trenton, were tried\\nfor perjury.\\nThe following is an account of that most singular affair\\nAbout the year 1744, there was an unusual attention to\\nMinutes of the Court, vol. ii.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "^2 HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nreligion in this part of the country. The Rev. William\\nTennent and the Rev. John Rowland were considerably-\\ninstrumental in calling the attention of the people to spiritual\\nconcerns.\\nMr. Rowland s popularity and success was very great among\\nall ranks of people, and this drew upon him the enmity of those\\nwho disregarded religious truth, and among the number was the\\nChief Justice of the state.\\nThe Chief Justice at this time was the son of Lewis Morris,\\nEsq., then governor of the state. He was a member of the\\ncouncil as well as being at the head of the judiciary. The\\nappointment of young Morris to this office was highly reprobated\\nby the people, who opposed the union of the legislative and\\njudiciary, and more especially as this union was in the person of\\nthe son of the governor.*\\nAt this time there was a man traveling about the country\\nby the name of Tom Bell, of notoriously bad character, who\\nhad been indicted in most of the middle colonies, yet by his\\ningenuity and cunning had contrived to escape punishment. It\\nhappened one evening, that Mr. John Stockton, of Princeton,\\nmet with Bell at a tavern in that place and addressed him as Mr.\\nRowland. Bell told him his mistake. Mr. Stockton informed\\nhim that his error had arisen from his remarkable resemblance\\nto Mr. Rowland.\\nThis hint was sufficient for Bell. The next day he went\\ninto a neighboring town in Hunterdon, where Mr. Rowland\\nhad preached once or twice, and introduced himself as the Rev.\\nMr. Rowland who had before preached for them and he was\\ninvited to officiate for them the next Sabbath.\\nBell received the kindest attention of the family where he\\nstaid until the Sabbath, when he rode with the family in their\\nwagon to the church.\\nJust before they reached the church. Bell discovered that he\\nhad left his notes behind, and proposed to the master of the\\nfamily, who rode by the wagon on a fine horse, to take his horse\\nand ride back, that he might get his notes and return in time for\\n*Mulford s History, p. 345.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nH\\nthe service. To this the gentleman assented, and Bell mounted\\nthe horse, rode back to the house, rifled the desk of his host,\\nand made off with the horse and wherever he stopped he called\\nhimself the Rev. John Rowland.\\nAt this time the Rev. Messrs. Tennent and Rowland, with\\nMr. Joshua Anderson and Benjamin Stevens, were in Maryland\\nor Pennsylvania, on business of a religious nature. Soon after\\ntheir return to New Jersey, Mr. Rowland was charged with the\\nrobbery. At the court, the judge with great severity, charged\\nthe jury to find a bill. But it was not until they had been sent\\nout the fourth time, with threats from the judge, that they\\nagreed upon a bill for the alleged crime.\\nOn the trial, Messrs. Tennent, Anderson, and Stevens,\\nappeared as witnesses, and fully proved an alibi; for they\\ntestified that on the day the robbery was committed they were\\nwith Mr. Rowland, and heard him preach in Pennsylvania or\\nMaryland.\\nSo Mr. Rowland was acquitted, to the great disappointment\\nand mortification of his prosecutors. Their enmity to religion,\\nhowever, led them industriously, to seek occasion, if by any\\npossible means, they might bring disgrace and ruin upon these\\nservants of God.\\nThere were one or two circumstances which seemed to\\ninspire the hope that their malicious feelings might yet be\\ngratified. The testimony of the man who had been robbed was\\npositive that Mr. Rowland was the robber and several persons\\nwho had seen the man who called himself Rowland, in possession\\nof the stolen horse, corroborated his testimony.\\nBut Mr. Rowland was out of their power. He had been\\nacquitted.\\nTheir vengeance, therefore, was directed against those\\npersons by whose testimony Rowland had been cleared, and\\nthey were accordingly accused for pejjury, and on ex parte\\ntestimony, the grand jury found bills of indictment against\\nMessrs. Tennent, Anderson, and Stevens, for willful and cor-\\nrupt per ury.\\nNow the enemies of the gospel and revivals of religion appear\\nto have thought that their end would be easily accomplished", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "54 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nand that disgrace would be brought on religion, its ministers,\\nand professors, for Messrs. Anderson and Stevens were pious\\nmen. These indictments were removed to the Supreme Court.\\nBut Mr. Anderson living in the county, and feeling his entire\\ninnocence of the crime of which he was charged, and being\\nunwilling to lie under the imputation of perjury, demanded a\\ntrial at the first Court of Oyer and Terminer.\\nHe was accordingly tried, pronounced guilty, and sentenced\\nto stand on the court-house steps one hour with a paper on his\\nbreast, on which was written in large letters, this is for willful\\nand corrii.pt perjury. And the sentence was executed upon\\nhim in front of the court-house, which stood on the spot where\\nthe Trenton Bank now stands, in Warren street.\\nMessrs. Tennent and Stevens were bound over to appear at\\nthe next court.\\nThey attended, having employed Mr. John Coxe, an\\neminent lawyer, to conduct their defence. Mr. Tennent knew\\nof no person living by whom he could prove his innocence.\\nHis only resource and consolation was to commit himself to\\nthe Divine will and considering it as probable that he\\nmight suffer, he had prepared a sermon to preach from the\\npillory, if that should be his fate. On his arrival at Tren-\\nton, he found Mr. Smith of New York, one of the ablest\\nlawyers in America, and a religious man, who had volun-\\nteered to aid in his defence; also Mr. John Kinsey, one\\nof. the first counselors of Philadelphia, who had come by\\nrequest of Gilbert Tennent (his brother) for the same pur-\\npose.\\nMessrs. Tennent and Stevens met these gentlemen at Mr.\\nCoxe s the morning before the trial was to come on.\\nMr. Coxe wished them to bring in their witnesses, that they\\nmight examine them before going into court. Mr. Tennent\\nreplied that he did not know of any witness but God and his\\nown conscience. Mr. Coxe replied, If you have no witnesses,\\nsir, the trial must be put off; otherwise, you will most certainly\\nHis affectionate congregation felt deeply interested in his critical situation,\\nand kept a day of fasting and prayer on the occasion. Log College.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 65\\nTdc defeated. Your enemies are making great exertions to ruin\\nyou.\\n*I am sensible of this/ said Mr. Tennent, yet it never shall\\nTdc said that I have delayed the trial or been afraid to meet the\\njustice of my country. I know my innocence, and that God\\nwhom I serve will not give me over into the hands of the enemy.\\nTherefore, gentlemen, go on with the trial. Messrs. Smith\\nand Kinsey, who were religious men, told him that his confi-\\ndence and trust in God as a Christian minister of the gospel\\nwere well founded, and before a heavenly tribunal would be all-\\nimportant to him, but assured him that they would not avail in\\nan earthly court, and urged his consent to put off the trial. But\\nMr. Tennent utterly refused.\\nMr. Coxe then told him that there was a flaw in the indict-\\nment, of which he might avail himself. After hearing an\\nexplanation from Mr. Coxe respecting the nature of the error,\\nMr. Tennent declared that he would rather suffer death than\\nconsent to such a course. Mr, Stevens, however, seized the\\nopportunity afforded, and was discharged.\\nMr. Tennent assured his counsel that his confidence in God\\nwas so strong, and his assurance that He would bring about his\\ndeliverance, in some way or other, was so great, that he did not\\nwish them to delay the trial for a moment.\\nMr. Coxe still urged Mr. Tennent to have the trial put off,\\nand considered Mr. Tennent s refusal as manifesting a want of\\nChristian meekness and prudence. But Mr. T. insisted that they\\nshould proceed, and left them, they not knowing how to act,\\nwhen the bell summoned them to court.\\nMr. Tennent had not walked far before he was met by a\\nman and his wife, who asked if his name was not Tennent.\\nHe told them it was, and asked if they had any business\\nwith him.\\nThe man said they had come from the place in Pennsylvania\\nor Maryland where, at a particular time, Messrs. Rowland,\\nTennent, Anderson, and Stevens had lodged, and in the house\\nwhere they were that on the next day they had heard Messrs.\\nTennent and Rowland preach; that a few nights before they\\n(the man and his wife) had left home, on waking out of a sound", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "66 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nsleep, both had dreamed that Mr. Tennent was at Trenton, in\\nthe greatest distress, and that it was in their power, and theirs\\nonly, to relieve him. This dream was twice repeated to them\\nboth, and so deep was the impression made on their minds, that\\nthey had come to Trenton, and wished to know of him what\\nthey were to do.\\nMr. T. took them before his counsel, who, after examining\\nthem, and finding the testimony of the man and his wife full\\nand to the purpose, were perfectly astonished. Before the trial\\nbegan, another person came to Mr. T., and told him that he\\nwas so troubled in mind, for the part he had taken in the prose-\\ncution, that he could find no rest, till he had determined to\\ncome out and make a full confession. Mr. T. sent this man to\\nhis counsel. Soon after Mr. Stockton, from Princeton, appeared,\\nand added his testimony.\\nOn trial, the advocates of the defendant so traced every\\nmovement of Mr. Tennent, on the Saturday, Sabbath, and\\nMonday, the time of the theft and robbery by Bell, that the\\njury did not hesitate to acquit Mr. Tennent.\\nThus was Mr. Tennent, by the remarkable interposition of\\nDivine Providence, delivered out of the hands of his enemies.\\nLog College, by A. Alexander, D. D., p. 189.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VI.\\nFirst Courts m TrentoJi Original boundaries of the town Place\\nof the first Court-House of the County of Hunterdon Trenton\\nBank The town named Trenton Colonel Willia?n Trent\\nTirst families Mr. Trenf s first residence Naming the town\\nBuilders of Friends Meeting-House First borotigh charter\\nfrsm George II., including from Crosswicks creek to Amwell\\nFirst borough officers Division of the towfi and country Con-\\ngregations Trejiton made the seat of government.\\nIN September, 1719, the county courts were held for the first\\ntime in Trenton, but whether in the house of William Yard,\\nas before, or in some house south of the Assanpink, we are not\\ninformed, for at this time the place on the south side of the\\nAssanpink was known as Trenton, as will hereafter be seen.\\nAt this time it does not appear that the court-house was built,\\nbut probably was about a year after, or it might have been in\\ncourse of erection at that time.\\nThe following order was issued in regard to constables: to\\nfind themselves with constables staves, painted upon the upper\\nend with the King s coat of arms, and to have them by next\\ncourt, on penalty of being fined.\\nIn March, 1729, the court ordered that the bounds of\\nTrenton be entered on record as followeth beginning at the\\nlanding on the Delaware river, in Nottingham, running up said\\nriver to the mouth of Jacob s creek thence along said creek to\\nthe King s road, to a run called Jacob s run thenee up said run\\nto Thatcher s swamp, along a run that runs into Shabbakonk,\\nand over Shabbakonk, including Ralph Hart s plantation, to the\\nline that divides Hopewell from Maidenhead thence along said\\nline till it comes to the line of Mr. Trent and Thomas Lambert s", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "(^S HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nland thence along said line betwixt Mr. Trent and Thomas\\nLambert to the Delaware river, and so along said river to the\\nfirst-mentioned station.\\nGordon s description of the bounds of Trenton, in his Gazet-\\nteer,f if the above be true, must be incorrect. He says, Tren-\\nton was founded by William Trent, a few years prior to 1720.\\nThe place that was then known as Trent s-town received its\\nname about this time, but was founded by Mahlon Stacy and\\nothers, about the year 1678-9.\\nIn December, 1720, the court required the justices and\\nfreeholders to meet at the court-house on the 25th of that\\nmonth, to levy taxes to defray county charges. And yet\\nin March following they ordered the public-house keepers\\nto meet at the house of William Yard (in Front street,\\nwhere the court had been held for years before), to take out\\nlicense. J\\nThe lot on which the court-house was built is owned by the\\nTrenton Banking Company, and upon it their banking-house\\nnow stands. It was conveyed to the Trenton Banking Company\\nby the board of chosen freeholders of the county of Hunterdon,\\nMay 8th, 181 4, just one hundred years after it was purchased\\nby William Trent, by whom it is said (though by what authority\\nI know not, except it be tradition), the lot was given to the\\ncounty.\\nThe year in which the old jail was built, as stated above, is not\\nknown. It stood upon the same spot where the Trenton Bank\\nnow stands. It was a two story building erected of grey sand-\\nstone, with stuccoed front. The cells were in the lower story.\\nThe upper story was used as a court room, the entrance to which\\nwas by a number of stone steps, erected on the outside of the\\nbuilding and surmounted by an iron railing. The steps extended\\nover the pavement, commencing from the gutter, and persons\\nThis line commenced at the Eagle tavern and ran to the Delaware river\\nMr. Trent s line being north, and Mr. Lambert s south, and is the same that\\nis now called Ferry street.\\nf Gordon, p. 250.\\nJ Minutes of Hunterdon court, vol. i., p. 61, clerk s office, Flemington.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n69\\ngoing into the court room were compelled to ascend from the\\nstreet. Pedestrians going up and down the street passed directly\\nunder these steps.\\nIn this court room the Baptist denomination held their first\\nmeetings in Trenton, and here the Rev. Peter Wilson, of Hights-\\ntown, delivered, his ever-memorable discourses.\\nThe jail was kept for many years by Jacob Wrighter.\\nThe steps were afterward removed from the street and placed\\ncrosswise upon the front of the building, commencing from\\neither corner, on the north and south sides of it, and meeting at\\nthe top, in the centre of the building, forming a pyramid, so that\\nany one going into the court room could ascend either from the\\nnorth or south of it. Subsequently these steps were removed\\nand placed inside the building.\\nIt is probable the grant above mentioned was made by Mr.\\nTrent to the county about the year 1720, and that as a compli-\\nment to him for the gift, the place was called Trenton, or as it\\nwas first written, Trent s-town.\\nUntil this time, what is now known as the city of Trenton and\\ntownships of Hopewell and Ewing, was known as Hopewell.\\nThe courts of the county, until 1719, were held at William\\nYard s and A. Heath s, in Hopewell.\\nColonel William Trent was a gentleman of great respectability,\\nand was for several years speaker of the house of assembly of\\nPennsylvania, and in September, 1723, he was chosen speaker of\\nthe house of assembly of New Jersey. In this year William\\nTrent and John Reading were appointed commissioners for the\\ncounty of Hunterdon. Mr. Trent died December 25th, 1724.\\nIt is supposed by some that he died in Philadelphia, but I\\nbelieve it is not known to a certainty.\\nThe following incident was related of Mr. Trent by Mr. Joseph\\nReed. Mr. R. said that he remembered having heard when a\\nboy, that Mr. Trent was in some way thrown from a boat into\\nthe Delaware river, and although a number of persons were on\\nthe shore they could afford him no assistance, as there was no\\nother boat near, and all expected that he would be drowned.\\nSmith s History, p. 419.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "70\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nMr. Trent had a large dog which stood on the shore, and by-\\nwhistling through his fingers he called him; the dog swam out to\\nhis master, who, taking hold of the dog s shoulders with one\\nhand, and swimming with the other, reached the shore in safety.\\nIn 1726, the legislative assembly granted to James Trent, the\\noldest son of William Trent, the exclusive use of the river\\nDelaware for a ferry, two miles above and two miles below the\\nfalls. The ferry above the falls has been in use until within the\\nlast twenty-five years, and was at the foot of Calhoun street,\\nwhile the one below the falls was used until the Delaware bridge\\nwas erected in 1804-5. This last ferry was on the direct route\\nbetween New York and Philadelphia. Persons traveling between\\nthe two cities came by the old York road (now the straight\\nturnpike) through Queen (now Greene) street and over Mill\\nHill, to the Eagle tavern thence crossing the ferry,* reached\\nPhiladelphia by the way of Germantown.\\nMr. William Yard, the ancestor of the families of that name\\nin this part of the country, came from Devonshire, in England,\\nand settled first in Philadelphia he had four sons. With two\\nof his sons, Joseph and William, he afterwards moved to\\nTrenton. The other sons remained in Philadelphia.\\nWilliam Yard, the father, in 1712, purchased of Mahlon\\nStacy about two acres of land lying on both sides of Front\\nstreet, and between Warren and Greene streets.\\nJoseph Yard lived on the corner of Front and Greene streets,\\nin a frame house.\\nWilliam Yard, the other son, lived with his father in Front\\nstreet, and after the death of his father he occupied the property.\\nThey were Presbyterian families, and Mr. Joseph Yard was\\ntrustee in the church for many years.\\nThe widow Mary Mershon, who lived in the same house until\\nher decease a few years since, stated that she had heard her\\ngrandfather (Joseph Yard) say, that theirs, if not the first, was\\namong the first families who settled where this city is built.\\nThe ferry -house on this side of the river was the large brick house on the\\ncorner of Fair and Ferry streets, now occupied as a tavern, and the larga brick\\nmansion on the Pennsylvania side was also used for the same purpose.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. ^j\\nColonel William Trent purchased the Stacy tract about the\\nyear 17 14, and removed to this place, into a frame house built a\\nfew years before by his father for a summer residence, on the\\nsite where the Third Presbyterian Church now stands.\\nThere is in possession of a citizen of Trenton a deed bearing\\ndate January, 1719-20, given by William Trent, of the city of\\nPhiladelphia, to James MacCombs, of the town of Trenton,\\ncounty of Hunterdon. This William Trent no doubt refers to\\nJudge Trent, of Philadelphia, father of the Major, who purchased\\nthe Stacy tract. He owned land here at the time of his son s\\npurchase, and from him, and not the Colonel, the place received\\nits name.\\nAs the court recorded the bounds of Trenton in 1719, we may\\nreasonably conclude that in this year Trenton received its name.\\nMrs. Mershon also observed, that at the time the people\\nwere about fixing upon a name for the place some proposed\\ncalling it Yard s-town, and others Trenf s-town. As Trenton\\nwas considered the handsomest name they concluded so to\\ncall it.\\nWhether this cause or the one before mentioned gave the\\nplace the name of Trenton is of little importance.\\nFrom the best information which can at present be obtained\\nit appears pretty evident that there were but very few buildings\\nin the place until after 1730 or 1735. About the year 1740,\\nseveral buildings were erected. Mr. Plasket built the Friends\\nmeeting-house, on the corner of Hanover and Montgomery\\nstreets in 1739, and Obadiah Howell, a great uncle of Obadiah\\nHowell, late of this city, informed the late Thomas Ryall, a\\nmason of this city, who died a few years since at an advanced\\nage, that he put the date of 1739 on the house himself, being\\nthen an apprentice to Mr. Plasket.\\nIn the year 1740, Thomas Tindall, (a great grandfather of the\\ncompiler of this work) built the two story brick house on the\\nnortheast corner of Greene and Hanover streets. The initials,\\nT..T., 1740, were placed in the gable of the house fronting on\\nHanover street, in bricks colored black. Hanover street at that\\ntime ran from Greene street to the Friends meeting-house, and\\nthere terminated. About the same time a frame house was", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "72\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nerected east of the above, which was for a number of years used\\nas a parsonage.\\nIn 1748, there were nearly a hundred houses in the place.\\nThe flourishing condition in which the town appears to have\\nbeen at that time, and its advantageous location for business, led\\nthe inhabitants to anticipate its rapidly increasing growth and\\nprosperity, and supposing that both would be promoted by an\\nact of incorporation by the crown, conferring borough privileges,,\\nin the nineteenth year of the reign of King George II., (1746),\\nGovernor Lewis Morris and a number of the inhabitants of this\\ndistrict of country sent a petition to the king, stating that\\nTrenton was the head of sloop navigation, and that a variety of\\ncircumstances rendered the place favorable for business, and that\\nits interests would be greatly promoted by such an act.\\nAccordingly a royal charter was granted for a borough, the\\nlimits of which were described as follows, viz., Beginning at\\nthe mouth of Crosswicks creek; thence up said creek to the\\nmouth of Doctor s creek thence up the said creek to Keith s\\nline, between East and West Jersey; thence along said line\\nincluding Maidenhead and Hopewell, between Hopewell and\\nAmwell, to Delaware river thence down said river to the place\\nof beginning to be known as the borough and town of\\nTrent 071.\\nThomas Cadwallader, Esq., was appointed chief burgess;\\nNathaniel Ware, recorder David Martin, marshal and Andrew\\nReed, treasurer. The other burgesses were William Morris,\\nJoseph Warrell, Daniel Coxe, Andrew Smith, Alexander Lockart,\\nDavid Martin, Robert Pearson, Andrew Reed, Theophilus\\nPhillips, Joseph Decou, Samuel Hunt, and Reuben Armitage.\\nThe common council were Joseph Paxton, Theophilus Severns,\\nBenjamin Biles, Jasper Smith, Cornelius Ringo, Jonathan Stout,\\nJonathan Waters, Thomas Burrowes, Jr., George Ely, John\\nHunt, John Dagworthy, Jr., Joseph Phillips, John Welling,\\nWilliam Plasket, Daniel Lanning, and Benjamin Green.*\\nBut the inhabitants not experiencing the benefits which were\\nLiber AAA, Commissioners, p. 266, secretary s office.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n73\\nanticipated from their charter, they surrendered it to King\\nGeorge II. in the twenty-third year of his reign, 1750.*\\nFrom the above charter it will be seen that the borough of\\nTrenton, or Trenton, included very nearly the whole of the\\npresent county of Mercer. Kalm (before mentioned), who was\\nat Trenton two years after the above borough was chartered,\\n(1746), might with propriety say that Trenton was situated\\non a sandy plain, remote from the Delaware.\\nIn the year 1762, the parsonage lot in Hanover street was\\npurchased of Stacy Beakes, of Philadelphia, and others, and\\nconveyed to Moore Furman, Charles Clark, Esq., Andrew Reed,\\nEsq., Joseph Yard, Arthur Howell, William Green, and Alexan-\\nder Chambers, as trustees, and to their successors and assigns,\\nfor a parsonage for said congregation forever, to be held and\\nenjoyed by the Presbyterian minister of Trenton, regularly called\\nby said congregation, and approved by the Presbytery of New\\nBrunswick.\\nAlthough the church in town separated from the church in\\nthe country many years before, as has been already stated, it was\\nnot until 1788 that an act was passed by the legislature legaliz-\\ning the division, and although the two congregations had been\\nincorporated and had chosen trustees pursuant to an act of the\\nlegislature, passed at Trenton, March i6th, 1786, yet the two\\ncongregations held the parsonage in Trenton, jointly, until the\\nyear 1790, when the congregation in the country did, for a\\ncertain consideration, release, c., all their estate, c., in the\\nparsonage property, to the trustees of the congregation in\\ntown. t\\nIn 1790, Trenton was made the seat of government of New\\nJersey.\\nLiber AAA, Commissiotiers, p. 306, secretary s office.\\nf Deed A T, folio 163, secretaiy s office, Trenton.\\nX Ibid., folio 106.\\nElmer s Digest, p. 148.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VII.\\nSecond charter of the city First officers Market houses Mayorsr\\nRecorders Aldermen The pillory and whipping-post\\nPrevalence of the Yellow fever The government office removed\\nto Trenton President Adams i-esidence here South Trenton\\nIts incorporation with the city Boundaries of the city.\\nNOVEMBER 13th, 1792, the city of Trenton was formed\\nfrom a part of the township of Trenton with usual coporate\\ncity privileges, and the following boundaries, viz., Beginning\\nat the mouth of Assanpink creek and running up the same to\\nBernard Hanlon s mill dam (now Millham) from thence along\\nthe road to the line between Trenton and Maidenhead thence\\nalong the said line to the road leading from Trenton to Maiden-\\nhead thence on a straight line to the northwest corner of a lot\\nlate of David Brearley, deceased thence on a straight line to\\nthe northwest corner of the land of Lambert Cadwallader,\\nwhereon he now lives thence down the western line thereof to\\nthe river Delaware thence down the same to the mouth of the\\nAssanpink.\\nThus we see while the first charter embraced all that land\\nbelow or south of the Assanpink, afterwards known as Kingsbury,\\nand more recently Mill Hill and Bloomsbury, the charter of\\n1792 comprehended nothing below the Assanpink. December\\n2ist, 1792, the officers who had been appointed by the legisla-\\nture, held their first meeting. They were Moore Furman,*\\nMoore Furman was a grandfather to the late Captain William E. Hunt, of\\nthis city. He had charge of the commissaiy department in the American army\\nduring the Revolution in 1776. He lived in the State Street House, in State\\nstreet his office was a one story brick building, and stood on the same spot\\nTvhich the Chancery building now occupies.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "HI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\n75\\nanayor; Aaron D. Woodruff,* recorder Samuel W. Stockton, f\\n.Abraham Hunt,| and Alexander Chambers, aldermen; Charles\\nAxford,!! Abraham G. Claypole,^ William Tindall,** Bernard\\n.Hanlon,ff and Aaron Howell, t.| assistants; and Pontius^D.\\nAaron D. Woodruff resided on the corner of Greene and Hanover streets,\\nwhere Hendrickson Leigh s store now is, and in the house erected by Thomas\\nTindall, in 1740. He was for many years attorney-general of the state, which\\noffice he filled at the time of his death.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2j- Samuel W. Stockton lived in the mansion-house in Front street, now in\\nthe occupancy of Ralph L. Warner, dentist. While going to Philadelphia in\\ncompany with his son, in his own carriage, he saw in the neighborhood of\\nBristol some very fine cherries, and in an effort to get them from the trees, he\\nfell, and so injured his skull that he died in a few days from the effects of it.\\nAbraham Hunt kept a store in that row of brick buildings in Warren street\\nconmencing at the corner of State street, belonging to Samuel K. Wilson, and\\nnow occupied by C. B. Vansyckel and George A. Bennett, as stores. He\\nresided in the northern part of the building; the front entrance to his house was\\non Warren street, and the store now occupied by Henry C. Furman as a har-\\nness-maker shop, constituted his parlor.\\nAlexander Chambers was also a merchant; his residence and store was on\\nthe northeast corner of State and Willow streets.\\nII Charles Axford lived in a stone house south of the feeder of the Delaware\\nand Raritan canal, in Warren street. The house was torn down at the time\\n-of digging the feeder of the canal.\\nAbraham G. Claypole lived in a mansion in Warren street, which stood\\non the spot where James S. Gray now has a hardware store, and Ellis B. and\\nAlbert D. Smith have a saddlery and hardware store.\\nWilliam Tindall lived in a frame house on the east side of Warren street;\\nthe building was removed to the opposite side of the street at the time the\\nfeeder was made. It is now the second door north of the feeder on the left-\\nhand side of the street.\\nIf Bernard Hanlon lived in the stone house at Millham, opposite Pratt and\\nHowell s flouring mills.\\nAaron Howell lived in a frame house which stood on the lot in Warren\\nstreet, where Mrs. L. Lafaucherie keeps a boarding-house it was afterwards\\nafemoved around into Perry street, on the lot now occupied by the Trinity\\nM. E. Church. Howell, son of Aaron, built the house south of it, now owned\\nby Dr. Daniel Warman.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "7 6 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nStille,* treasurer. At this meeting it was resolved to sell the\\nold market-house and at a meeting of the common council on\\nthe 29th of the same month, Mr. Charles Axford, who had been\\nappointed for the purpose, reported that he had sold it for five\\npounds one shilling ten-pence.\\nThis market-house stood in Warren street, commencing at\\nState, in front of Abraham Hunt s store, and extending north\\nabout sixty feet up said street. Like the market-houses recently\\ntorn down, it occupied the middle of the street. At the southern\\nend of it, and about the centre of the crossing from Vansyckel s\\nto Dill s corner, stood the old town pump, and near the pump\\nstood those relics of barbarity, a whipping-post and the stocks or\\npillory. The latter instrument of torture differed somewhat from\\nthe modern instrument bearing the same name, in that the one\\nhere erected confined the hands and feet and not the head. The\\npillory was afterwards removed to the jail and when the city\\ncame into possession of a town-house or city prison the pillory\\nwas abolished, but the whipping-post was erected and remained\\nfor a number of years, when it, too, was abolished. It disap-\\npeared in the night, and no one knew who removed it.\\nJuly 19th, 1793, the council agreed to build anew market-\\nhouse in the middle of Second street, (now State) between\\nKing (now Warren) street, and Queen (now Greene) street,\\nbetween Messrs. Claypole and Milnor s corners, (the former\\nnow owned by the heirs of George Dill, and the latter by Messrs.\\nMurphy and Bechtel), leaving a square from King street to the\\nmarket-house of fifty-eight feet. Messrs. Charles Axford, James\\nB. Machett, and Aaron Howell were appointed the building\\ncommittee, and in the fall of the same year the market-house\\nwas built. There were two separate buildings erected, similar to\\nPontius Dillery Stille lived in the house now occupied by the family of the\\nlate William Potts, in Warren street. Perry street was not opened until some\\ntwenty years after but south of Stille s residence, adjoining Saint Michael s\\nChurch, was an alley called Stille s alley; his store was on the corner of\\nWarren street and this alley. It was in 1813 (when Perry street was opened)\\nabandoned as far as Stille s line ran; the remnant still remains, coming into\\nGreene street between the residence late of Samuel McClurg and the Madison\\nHouse.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\n77\\nthe market-houses recently removed, though of much smaller\\ndimensions. The first one, starting from Warren street, was used\\nas a meat market, and the second as a truck market. In conse-\\nquence of the small size of the buildings, the space between the\\ntwo were used as markets for the sale of truck.\\nAbout midway between the two markets there was a horse-\\nshoe firmly imbeded in the stone flagging, and I well remember\\nwhen a boy, of the hours of amusement afforded me watching\\ncountrymen in their endeavors to remove it from its position.\\nWho put it there, or in what way it was fastened, was in those\\ndays a mystery.\\nThere was also a market-house on Market street, fronting on\\nBroad street. Mill Hill this, too, stood in the middle of the\\n^street. What year this market-house was built, or who were the\\nprojectors, there is no means of ascertaining, as I have tried every\\nway in my power to find out, but without success. The second\\nstory, or room above the market, was used as a school-room it\\nwas supported by eight strong brick columns, raising it about\\ntwelve feet from the ground. On the southeast end was a box\\nstairway which afforded ingress and egress to the school-room\\nabove. This building was called the Mill Hill Academy, and\\nwas used as a primary department, while in the Trenton\\nAcademy the higher branches belonging to an English educa-\\ntion were taught.\\nThe market-house attached to the Mill Hill Academy was\\nnever occupied to my recollection, and some of our oldest\\ninhabitants state that it was occupied but a very short time for\\nthe purpose for which it was erected. At that time the popula-\\ntion of Mill Hill was so small, and the markets in Trenton being\\nso much larger, a competition between the two could not be\\nmaintained, and therefore the smaller was compelled to give way\\nto the greater. This market contained but five stalls, three upon\\nthe north side and two upon the south. The school-room, or\\ntipper story, was surmounted by a steeple containing a bell,\\nwhich rang daily to summon the pupils before the august\\npresence of their pedagogue.\\nIn 1837, the lower story was boarded up and used by the\\nG*", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "78 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nEagle Fire Company as an engine house, the upper room being\\noccupied by them as a place for meetings.\\nIn 1 841, after Mill Hill had been incorporated into the\\nborough of South Trenton, it was resolved that the old building,\\nwhich, in consequence of some of the timbers becoming decayed,\\nwas considered dangerous, should be removed, which was\\naccordingly accomplished, it is said, by the women of the\\nplace. Thus perished from our sight a venerable relic, and one\\nto which many a citizen of Trenton could look with pleasure as\\nthe place where his mind received its first mental budding.\\nAt about the same time that the market was built on Mill Hill,\\none was erected in Bloomsbury, at the corner of Warren and\\nBridge streets, opposite the store of Lewis Parker. This was a\\nframe building, and occupied the entire walk on the west side of\\nthe street. This market was longer than the one on Mill Hill,\\nyet much narrower, and contained seven stalls. On the eastern\\nside there was no footpath, as it covered the gutter and extended\\ninto the public road. On the west side there was sufficient room\\nbetween the market-house and the fence for the passage of a\\nsingle individual.\\nIn the year 1845, the old markets which stood in State street\\nwere taken down, and the ones recently removed from Greene\\nstreet were erected, and in 1848, in consequence of a great\\nincrease of business, they too were found to be entirely too\\nsmall, and the upper or north market was increased to double\\nits former size.\\nThe matter having for a long time been agitated of building\\na market-house for the benefit of the lower wards of the city, ancf\\ncouncil having passed an ordinance to that effect, it was erected\\nin Market street, east of Broad street, in 1845, t)y private\\nenterprise.\\nIn consequence of the growth and prosperity of the city, and\\nseveral handsome stores having been erected in Greene street,\\nthe people demanded that the markets should be removed from\\nthe street. Consequently common council passed an ordinance\\nrelinquishing on the part of the city all right of control over the\\nmarkets, and in the spring of 1870 the material was sold for\\neight hundred dollars, and the markets torn down.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON:\\n79\\nJohn Taylor erected a market in Greene street, near Academy\\nJ. R. Freese and S. K. Wilkson built one in Chancery street,\\nnear Quarry, with a splendid hall for public meetings, balls, c.,\\nin the second story. Two companies were formed, who built\\nlarge and commodious markets, one at the corner of Front and\\nStockton streets, one story in height, called the Central Market,\\nand the other fronting on Front, Greene, and Washington\\nstreets, near the Assanpink, called the Washington Market, with\\nlarge and commodious rooms in the second story which can be\\nused for various purposes.\\nOn the Greene street front, about the middle of this market,\\nis a handsome brown stone statue of Washington, by Thom, the\\ngreat Scotch sculptor, made of stone taken from New Jersey\\nquarries, and is an admirable likeness of the father of his\\ncountry. This monument was unveiled on Monday, the 26th of\\nDecember, 1870, the ninety-fifth anniversary of the ever-mem-\\norable capture of the Hessians. The address was delivered by\\nC. C. Haven, Esq., and the presentation to the building was\\nmade by Hon. Alfred Reed, judge, and the acceptance by Hon.\\nDavid Naar, president of the association.\\nOn the ist of April, 1870, the market built by Mr. Taylor was\\nthrown open to the public. The size of this market is fifty-one\\nby one hundred and twenty feet, and contains fifty-three stalls\\nand one restaurant, and a cellar under the whole. The cost of\\nthe building was thirty thousand dollars.\\nThe company comprising the Washington Market was formed\\nDecember 15th, 1869, and the association was incorporated by\\nan act of the legislature, February 8th, 1870. The incorporators\\nwere George Fitzgeorge, Adam Exton, Joseph B. Yard, John\\nTaylor, Henry N. Barton, Casper Martino, Imlah and Charles\\nMoore, Joseph G. Brearley, David Naar, Henry B. Howell,\\nDavid Manko, and John F. Klein.\\nThe original projectors of this market were Henry N. Barton,\\nJoseph B. Yard, and George Fitzgeorge. Their first organization\\nwas as above described, and the amount subscribed sixty thousand\\ndollars. The real estate purchased cost sixty-nine thousand dol-\\nlars, and the building thirty-six thousand dollars, making in all\\none hundred and five thousand dollars.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "So HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nThe officers of the association are David Naar, president\\nHenry B. Howell, secretary; Joseph G. Brearley, Henry N.\\nBarton, Imlah Moore, George Fitzgeorge, and Joseph B. Yard,\\ndirectors.\\nThe market on the first floor contains two hundred and nine\\nstalls and one restaurant, the latter on Washington street. The\\nbuilding is two stories high.\\nIn the second story is a splendid and capacious hall which will\\nseat about twelve hundred persons. This hall fronts one hun-\\ndred and eight feet on Greene street, one hundred and thirty-\\nfour feet on Washington street, and one hundred and thirty-five\\nfeet on Front street, and is one hundred and sixty-five feet deep\\nin the rear. It contains, besides the large hall, nine rooms fitted\\nup for various purposes.\\nThe main hall is fifty by one hundred feet, with a stage fifteen\\nfeet deep, with two ante-rooms, provided with wash-basins and\\nwater-closets.\\nAround the market is a gallery or corridor, surrounded by a\\nhandsome iron railing.\\nUnder the whole building is a commodious cellar, fitted up\\nwith all the modern improvements.\\nThe drainage in this building is perfect, as everything is car-\\nried off by drain pipes into the Assanpink creek.\\nThe market in Chancery street was the second one opened for\\nthe benefit of the public, Taylor s being the first. The main\\nbuilding fronting on Chancery street is fifty by one hundred feet,\\nand is two stories high, with an extension in the rear twenty by\\none hundred and twenty feet, and one story high. There are\\none hundred and nineteen meat and vegetable stalls, and one\\nrestaurant.\\nThe main hall on the second floor is fifty by eighty-five feet,\\nwith two ante-rooms, and passage-way, and gallery on the south\\nend about fifteen feet wide, and running entirely across the\\nbuilding. This hall will seat about seven hundred persons, and\\nis splendidly arranged for meetings of grand bodies of the\\nvarious secret societies extant.\\nThe Grand Lodges of Odd Fellows and Masons held their\\nannual meetings in this hall in 1870, and it gave general satis-", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 8 1\\nfaction. It has two ante-rooms fitted up with wash-basins and\\nwater-closets. The stage is twelve by thirty feet. The cost of\\nthe building was about thirty-five thousand dollars.\\nThe owners are Samuel K. Wilson and Jacob R. Freese, and\\nthe hall is significantly called Freese Hall.\\nThe Central Market is built on the corner of Front and Mont-\\ngomery streets. It is one story high and contains fifty stalls it\\ncost about forty-two thousand dollars.\\nIn September, 1793, the yellow fever made its appearance in\\nPhiladelphia, and many citizens fell victims to the disease. And\\nas a precautionary means to prevent the fever spreading among\\nthe inhabitants, should it make its appearance here, the common\\ncouncil of this city appointed Messrs. Axford and Howell a\\ncommittee to procure a house for travelers and for poor persons\\nwho might be taken ill of that malignant fever.\\nThe public offices of the United States government were\\nremoved here during the prevalence of the fever in 1793, and\\nin 1798, Mr. Adams, the president of the United States took up\\nhis residence here; he resided in the house in Warren street,\\nknown as the Phoenix hotel, which was recently pulled down to\\ngive room for the extension of Quarry street.\\nTlie following gentlemen have filled the office of mayor of this\\nc\\\\ty,viz., Moore Furman, appointed November 30th, 1792;\\nAaron D. Woodruff, February 19th, 1794 James Ewing,\\nNovember 8th, 1797; Joshua Wright, November loth, 1803;\\nStacy Potts, March 12th, 1806; Robert McNeely, February 9th,\\n1814; Charles Burroughs, November ist, 1832, being appointed\\nby the legislature. In the year 1847, Charles Burroughs resigned\\nthe office of mayor, when, according to the charter, Samuel\\nEvans, Esq., being then recorder of the city, acted also in the\\ncapacity of mayor until Eli Morris was elected by the aldermen,\\nNovember ist, 1847. I winter of the same year the legisla-\\nture so amended the charter of the city as to make the office of\\nmayor elective by the people, whereupon, at the spring election\\nin April 1848, Samuel R. Hamilton was elected mayor under\\nthe revised charter. In April, 1849, William C. Howell was\\nelected; in 1850, William Napton was elected.\\nApril 3d, 1855, William P. Sherman was appointed mayor,", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "82 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nand on the loth of the same month John R. Tucker was elected\\nmayor. In 1856, Joseph Wood was elected mayor, and in May\\nof the following year he resigned, and Franklin S. Mills was\\nappointed on the ist of June, and continued in office until 1861,\\nand in April of that year William R. McKean was elected. In\\nApril, 1863, Franklin S. Mills was again elected, and continued\\nin office until 1867. In April, 1867, Alfred Reed was elected,\\nand in 1868, William Napton was again elected, and continued\\nin office until 187 1, when John Briest was elected.\\nThe following have been clerks of the city Benjamin Smith,\\nDecember loth, 1792; Jacob Benjamin, April, 1796; Peter\\nForman, April, 1807; Samuel T. Machette, April, 1822; David\\nJohnston, January 28th, 1828; John R. Tucker, September,\\n1836; Thomas Macpherson, April, 1837; Henry C. Boswell,\\nApril, 1842; Alexander M. Johnston, April, 1844; Lewis R.\\nJustice, April, 1848; Charles W. Jay, April, 1849; Alexander\\nM. Johnston, April, 1850; John O. R.ium, April, 1857; Wil-\\nliam N. Nutt, April, 1859 Matthew Brown, April, 1862; Ben-\\njamin Naar, Jr., August, 1864; Alexander M. Johnston, April,\\n1866. Mr. Johnston occupies the position at the present time\\ni87o).\\nPrevious to 1830 the collector was also the disbursing officer.\\nFrom 1 83 1 to 1854, the treasurers were appointed by common\\ncouncil, after which they were elected by the people until 1867,\\nsince which time they have been appointed by council.\\nThe following have been the financial officers of the city\\nsince 1800.\\nWilliam Rippon, iSoi Isaac Barnes, 1806; Peter Howell,\\n1810 Israel Moore, 1814; Samuel T. Machett, 1827; Abram\\nP. Atkinson, 1829; Samuel Coleman, 1830, collectors; Samuel\\nEvans, 1831 William C. Howell, 1841 Jonathan Fisk, 1851;\\nJames H. Clark, 1852; Jonathan S. Fish, 1853, treasurers\\nappointed by council; Jesse M. Clark, 1855; Jonathan S. Fish,\\n1856; William M. Force, 1858; Jesse M. Clark, 1859; Peter\\nCrozer, 1862; John O. Raum, 1863, elected by the people;\\nJohn O. Raum, present incumbent, appointed by council 1867.\\nThe act incorporating the Borough of South Trenton was\\npassed February 28th, 1840. It was then enacted that James M.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 8 J\\nRedmond be appointed chief burgess James H. Sims and Bailey\\nA. West, assistant burgesses Marshall C. Holmes, high constable\\nand Jacob B. James, borough clerk, to continue in office until\\nthe first Tuesday in May, 1841, and from thenceforth until others\\nshould be duly appointed in their places, under the said charter.\\nThey were constituted a body corporate and politic by the name\\nof The burgesses and inhabitants of the borough of South\\nTrenton. The first meeting held under the charter was on\\nMarch 3d, 1841, when an organization of the borough was.\\neffected. On the 4th of May, 1841, Richard J. Bond was chosen\\nchief burgess Wallaston Redman and Joseph Yard, assistant\\nburgesses; Robert Wilson, clerk. May 3d, 1842, Franklin S.\\nMills was chosen chief burgess James H. Smith and Daniel\\nLodor, assistant burgesses and Jacob B. James, clerk. May\\n2d, 1843, Franklin S. Mills was again chosen chief burgess;\\nDavid Lloyd and Samuel Sutton, assistant burgesses Samuel\\nB. Stafford, clerk. May 7th, 1844, Andrew Stilwell was appointed\\nchief burgess; William McGill and Jacob Berdine, assistants;\\nand Joseph O. Rickey, clerk. May 5th, 1845, Andrew Stilwell\\nwas again chosen chief burgess; Jacob Berdine and Samuel B.\\nStjifford, assistants; and John J. Duswald, borough clerk. May\\n5th, 1846, John S. Gustin was appointed chief burgess; Samuel\\nB. Stafford and William B. Paul, assistants; and John H. Morris^\\nclerk. May 4th, 1847, Samuel B. Stafford was chosen chief\\nburgess Charles Gorden and William B. Paul, assistants and\\nJohn H. Morris, clerk. May 2d, 1848, James W. Southard was\\nchosen chief burgess Henry M. Lee and Joseph W. Bond,,\\nassistants; and Lewis R. Parker, clerk. May ist, 1849, John\\nValentine was chosen chief burgess Abner Mershon and Jacob\\nBerdine, assistants; and Lewis R. Parker, clerk. May 7th,\\n1850, Orrin Packard was chosen chief burgess; Andrew Ross\\nand William P. Mulford, assistants; and Lewis R. Parker, clerk.\\nThese were the last officers elected under the borough charter.\\nIn 185 1 the legislature incorporated the borough with the city\\nof Trenton, calling that part which constituted the borough the\\nthird and fourth wards.\\nThe burgesses and inhabitants, under the borough charter,,\\nhad power to raise money for borough purposes, such as repairing", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "84 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nroads, c., to the amount of five hundred dollars, which was.\\nafterwards increased by a supplement to one thousand dollars-\\nUnder the auspices of the burgesses was commenced the grading\\nof the streets and paving the sidewalks, which has materially\\nimproved this part of our city.\\nIn the year 1844, that part of the city of Trenton north of\\nthe Assanpink had been divided into four wards, numerically\\ncalled first, second, third, and fourth, the dividing line being:\\nWarren street between the first and second wards, and State\\nstreet between the third and fourth wards. But in this division\\nthe wards were considered too small consequently, by an act of\\nthe legislature, passed March 26th, 1S45, AH that part of the\\ncity lying and being on the eastern side of a line beginning 011\\nthe Assanpink creek at the point where the centre of Warren\\nstreet intersects the same, and running thence along the centre\\nof Warren street to the Princeton turnpike; thence aL.tiig said\\nturnpike to the city line, shall constitute one ward of said\\ncity, to be called the East Ward of the city of Trenton and\\nall that part of the said city lying and being on the western side-\\nof the line aforesaid, shall constitute the other ward of said city,\\nand be called the West Ward of the city of Trenton.\\nBy this supplement two members of council were chosen\\nannually, to serve for the term of three years council consisting^\\nof twelve members. The officers of the first and second wards\\nwere authorized under this act to hold the first elections in tiie\\neast and west wards of the city, until such times as they should\\nchoose election officers in their respective wards.\\nOn the 14th of March, 1844, part of the township of Trenton\\nwas annexed to the township of Lawrence, as follows: All\\nsuch parts of the city of Trenton lying and being northeasterly\\nof the following lines or boundaries, to wit: Beginning in the\\nAssanpink creek near the mouth of a brook, corner of lands late\\nof Samuel Dickinson and of Joseph Broadhurst, deceased thence\\nby the line between the said lands, and of others, north about\\nthirty-two degrees west, to the Delaware and Raritan Canal\\nthence up the middle of said canal to the line between the\\ntownship of Lawrence and the city of Trenton, be, and the\\nsame are hereby annexed to the township of Lawrence, in the", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n85\\nthe county of Mercer, and shall hereafter be considered as a part of\\nsaid township of Lawrence, anything in the act entitled An act\\nto incorporate the city of Trenton, passed the 7th day of March,\\n1837, to the contrary notwithstanding; and that this act shall\\ntake effect from and after the passage thereof.\\nIn 1 85 1, South Trenton was (by an act of the legislature)\\nannexed to Trenton, and the city was then divided into four\\nwards. All east of the centre of Warren street and north of the\\nAssanpink creek constituted the first ward that portion west of\\nWarren street and north of the creek, the second ward and all\\nsouth of the creek and east of Lamberton street, and north of\\nArsenal, or Cass street, was called the third ward while all west\\nof Lamberton street, south of the Assanpink, and north of the\\nArsenal, was termed the fourth ward. That year six councilmen\\nwere to be elected in the third and fourth wards. The term of\\nofi ce of two to expire each year, when others were to be elected\\nto fill their places two in each year for a term of three years.\\nIn 1853 the fifth ward was (by an act of the legislature)\\nformed from the first ward, and commencing at a point in the\\ncentre of Warren street, and opposite the centre of Hanover\\nstreet, runs easterly along the centre of Hanover street, and in a\\ndirect line therewith, until it strikes the Delaware and Raritan\\ncanal thence up said canal to the centre of Perry street thence\\neasterly along the centre of Perry street, and in a direct line\\ntherewith, until it strikes the Assanpink creek thence up the\\nsaid creek until it strikes the township of Lawrence thence\\nalong said line to the branch turnpike road thence along said\\nturnpike road southerly to Warren street and thence down the\\ncentre of said street to the place of beginning.\\nUnder this new arrangement, on April 7th, 1851, William\\nNapton was elected mayor, and Samuel Evans recorder.\\nIn the fall of the same year, in consequence of Mayor Napton\\nbeing elected a member of the legislature, John R. Tucker was\\nappointed by council to fill the vacancy caused thereby.\\nThe following persons were elected aldermen first ward, John\\nP. Kennedy; second ward, Elias Phillips; third ward, Joseph\\nW. Bond fourth ward, Marshall C. Holmes.\\nOn the 12th of April, 1852, the following officers were elected\\nH", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "86 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nmayor, John R. Tucker; recorder, Robert C. Belville; aldei-\\nman of first ward/ Job M. Bennett second ward, Elias Phillips\\nthird ward, John S. Gustin fourth ward, Henry Minehart.\\nOn the nth of April, 1853, John R. Tucker was re-elected\\nmayor Sylvester Vansyckel, recorder Elias Phillips, alderman\\nof first ward Roswell Howe, second ward Barnet T. Slinger-\\nland, third ward William H. Manning, fourth ward David S.\\nAnderson, fifth ward.\\nIn 1854, William Napton was elected mayor; Joseph Wood,\\nrecorder alderman of first ward, Thomas Morrell second ward,\\nRobert S. Norcross third ward, Charles Whelden fourth ward,\\nDavid Lloyd fifth ward. Harper Crozer.\\nThe present bounds of the city of Trenton are, on the north\\nextending in a westerly direction to the line of Lawrence and\\nEwing townships to the Delaware river thence, following the\\ncourse of the river to the line of the township of Hamilton\\nthence east along Hamilton township, which is divided from\\nTrenton by the Assanpink creek and the Delaware and Raritan\\ncanal thence following said canal and creek and the township\\nline of Hamilton to the Lawrence line, the place of beginning.\\nThe bounds of Trenton have been altered at different times.\\nIn February, 1831, the farm of General Thomas Cadwallader was\\nset off from the city of Trenton. In 1833, the township of\\nTrenton was divided into the townships of Ewing and Trenton,\\nbut the boundaries of Trenton township were made the same as\\nthe city of Trenton. In 1858, the farm of S. E. Decou was set\\noff from the city of Trenton and annexed to the township of\\nEwing.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VIII.\\nChurches and their Pastors Presbyterian Episcopal Church\\nat Lawrence Church in Ewing Separatio?i of the city and\\ncountry Congregatiofis Evangelical Church Ger7na7i Re-\\nformed Church Reformed Dutch Church Baptist Churches\\nMethodist Churches Roman Catholic Churches Eva7igelical\\nLutheran Church Universalist Church, etc.\\nIN consequence of the close connection existing between the\\nChurches of Lawrence, Trenton First Church, Trenton city,\\nand Pennington, it is ahiiost impossible to find any accurate\\nrecords containing the early history of the Presbyterian Church\\nin this town, as it is difficult to distinguish what churches are\\nmeant by Hopewell in connection with Maidenhead.\\nIn the records of the Presbytery and Synod of Philadelphia,\\nthe name of Joseph Yard is mentioned as being present at most\\nof their meetings as an elder, from 1707 to 171 7; Mr. Daniel\\nHowell was also present as an elder in 171 7. Both of these\\nmen were among the first settlers of this part of Hopewell, and\\nboth were elders in what was then Hopewell, and afterwards\\nTrenton (now Ewing) First Church.\\nThis church was known as the Old Hopewell Church, and\\nwas connected with the Church at Maidenhead many years\\nbefore the Church at Pennington was formed.\\nThe brick Presbyterian Church of Pennington, removed some\\ntime since to give way to another structure, was built in 1766.\\nThis fact was ascertained from the y\\\\ idow Kirkpatrick, who,\\nduring the latter period of her life, resided in this city. She\\nsaid the roof was put on the church the day she was born.\\nIn 1709, the people of Hopewell and Maidenhead applied to\\nthe Presbytery of Philadelphia for supplies, and Mr. Joseph", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "38 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nSmith was directed to preacli to the people on his way to and\\nfrom New England.\\nIn 1 71 1, Mr. William Yard (brother of Joseph), applied to\\nthe Presbytery to assist them in getting a minister for these\\ncongregations.\\nIn September, 1715, Philip Ringo presented to the Presbytery\\na call from the people of Hopewell and Maidenhead for the\\nlabors of Mr. Robert Orr, and he having accepted the call, Avas\\nordained at Maidenhead on the 20th of October, 1715. But it\\nis probable he did not continue long in this charge, for in\\nSeptember, 1719, it is mentioned on the minutes of the Synod\\nof Philadelphia that Mr. Orr had no particular charge. Rev.\\nMoses Dickinson, a graduate of Yale College, and a brother of\\nthe first president of the College of New Jersey, succeeded Mr.\\nOrr, in 171 7.\\nIn 1729, Mr. Dickinson was followed by Rev. Joseph Morgan.\\nHe was pastor of the Church at Freehold from 1710 until he was\\ncalled to take charge of the united congregations of Hopewell\\nand Maidenhead.\\nFrom 1 719 till 1736, there are no satisfactory records which\\ncan be found, that I am aware of, relating to these congregations.\\nIn the year 1736, they applied to the Presbytery of Phila-\\ndelphia to have Mr. David Cowell, a licentiate of that Presbytery,\\nordained, which ordination took place November 2d, 1736.\\nMr. Morgan had been preaching in these congregations\\nprevious to April, 1737, but for how long a time is not known.\\nThe Rev. David Cowell preached in the town and country\\nchurches until 1760, when, from ill-health, he resigned his\\npastoral charge. Mr. Cowell was not married. He lived in a\\nyellow frame house in West State street, adjoining the residence\\nof William A. Benjamin on the west. He died December ist,\\n1760, in the fifty-seventh year of his age, having served in the\\ntown and country congregations nearly twenty-four years. His\\nremains were interred in the church-yard in Trenton city,\\nwhere the Rev. John Hall, D. D., now has pastoral charge.\\nIn 1760, the Rev. William Kirkpatrick, who had been licensed\\nby the Presbytery of New Brunswick, August 15th, 1758, and\\nordained July 4th, 1759, was appointed to preach for these", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON. 89\\ncongregations, and in April, 1761, they gave him a call to settle\\namong them but it does not appear that he either accepted or\\ndeclined it at that time, though in the spring of 1762 he accepted\\nthe call, and in June, 1766, he accepted a call from Amwell,\\nand was installed pastor in August following he died in 1769.\\nIn 1767, Mr. Jonathan Edwards, then a tutor in the college\\nat Princeton, and son of the eminent president of the college,\\nreceived a call from these congregations, but in April, 1768,\\ndeclined accepting it, as he had been chosen professor in the\\ncollege.\\nIn 1769, the united congregations of Hopewell and Maiden-\\nhead presented a call for the Rev. Elihu Spencer, of the Presby-\\ntery of New Castle, who was preaching at Shrewsbury, Shark\\nRiver, and Middletown Point. Mr. Spencer accepted the call\\nand removed from Eatontown, in Monmouth county, to Trenton,\\nand lived the first year on the corner of State and Warren streets,\\nin the house built by John Dagworthy, Esq.* This building\\nwas afterwards converted into a tavern, and was called the City\\ntavern, and was occupied for that purpose until its removal in\\n1837, when the Mechanics and Manufacturers Bank building\\nwas erected uj:on the same site.f\\nMr. Spencer pi cached one-third of the time in each meeting-\\nhouse, in Maidenhead, Trenton, and the old meeting-house,\\nuntil the close of the year 1784, when he departed this life on\\nthe 27th of December, in the 64th year of his age.\\nIn October, 1738, a petition was sent from some of the people\\nof Hopewell and Maidenhead to the Presbytery of Philadelphia,\\nMr. Dagworthy removed from Lawrence. He owned and lived on the\\nplantation of the late Caleb Smith Green, and died in Trenton, September\\n5th, 1760.\\nf This house WJ.S built by John Dagworthy, about the year 1760. It was\\ntwo stories high, built of mud, and stuccoed. It was quite a large building.\\nThe front door was reached by eight steps, which extended either way, from\\nnorth and south, and similar to those fronting the building which now occupies\\nthe same spot. This building afterwards came into the possession of Thomas\\nSterling. Upon the lot was built the fish market, and near the market stood\\nthe Union engine house, both of which were removed in 1837, when the\\npresent dwellings were erected thereon.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "go HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\ndesiring that body to constitute them a separate body. This\\npetition was opposed by commissioners appointed by some of\\nthe members of the congregation who were unfavorable to a\\nseparation these commissioners, as well as those who favored a\\nseparation, met the Presbytery, and both parties being heard,\\nand the subject ably discussed before that body, it was at last\\nagreed, That inasmuch as the Presbytery judge it their duty\\nthat when new erections are made, particular care be taken that\\nold standing congregations be not hurt or ruined.\\nTo prevent any evil from this course, which was now requested\\nto be pursued, it was agreed, by the parties present of both con-\\ngregations, that if they could not agree, by a majority of both\\nparties of the respective churches, where to locate a meeting-\\nhouse, they would refer the location of it to the Presbytery, and\\nthis agreement was signed, on behalf of the applicants in favor\\nof the new erection, by Benjamin Stevens, John Anderson,\\nSamuel Hunt, and Joseph Burt and in favor of the old congre-\\ngations, by Enoch Armitage, Thomas Burroughs, Edward Hart,\\nand Timothy Baker. The Presbytery then, with entire unanimity,\\nelected the applicants into a separate congregation or society.\\nThe new congregation then requested to be set off from the\\nPresbytery of Philadelphia, and united to the Presbytery of New\\nBrunswick. The Presbytery informed them that, in consequence\\nof the afore-mentioned agreement, they could not, sX present,\\naccede to their request, but if the business of locating the\\nmeeting-house should be satisfactorily settled, then the Presby-\\ntery would, upon their application, take their request under\\nfurther consideration.\\nAnd again, in May, 1739, it was brought before the Presby-\\ntery, when they referred it to the Synod for advice. At this\\nmeeting there was a call presented to Mr. Guild, from the old\\ncongregation of Hopewell, desiring his labors there. The con-\\nsideration of this call was deferred by the Presbytery, until the\\nopinion of the Synod on the subject submitted to them should\\nbe known.\\nAt this meeting, also, the following minute was made, viz.,\\nThe subject of Mr. Guild s ordination was resumed, and the\\nPresbytery are of the mind that the affair of Hopewell was", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n91\\ndetermined in such a manner, by the Synod, that the way is clear\\nfor the people to proceed in making out a call for Mr. Guild\\nyet they were desirous of settling him, and wished Presbytery to\\n.appoint one of their members to come and assist them in that\\naffair. Accordingly,- the Rev. Mr. Cross was appointed to\\nattend to the business, and the Rev. Mr. Cowell was to accom-\\npany him.\\nAt a meeting of the Presbytery, September iSth, 1739, the\\npeople of Hopewell and Maidenhead presented a call for Mr.\\nGuild, who took it into consideration, until the meeting was to\\nbe held at Hopewell, by the appointment of the Synod, to settle\\nthe affairs of these congregations, which had been referred to\\nthem by the Presbytery for advice. Circumstances, however,\\nprevented this meeting of the Synod at Hopewell.\\nAt a meeting of the Presbytery, September 17th, 1741, Mr.\\nGuild declared his acceptance of the call from Hopewell and\\nMaidenhead, having had it under consideration during this\\nperiod, c., and measures were adopted for his ordination,\\nwhich took place on the 12th of November, 1741, at Hopewell.\\nThe Rev. David Evans preached the sermon on the occasion.*\\nIn May, 1743, the new society in Maidenhead and Hopewell\\npresented a call to the New Brunswick Presbytery, for the Rev.\\nJohn Rowland to settle among them, but we have no evidence\\nthat he accepted it. From this time, supplies were furnished\\nthem until the meeting of the Presbytery in October, 1748,\\nwhen they presented a call to the Rev. Timothy Allen. This\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2call he took into consideration, but never accepted it, although\\nhe continued to preach for them until May, 1752.\\nIn October, 1753, these congregations called the Rev. James\\nDavenport, and he accepted the invitation, and was installed in\\nOctober, 1754, and continued their pastor until nearly the close\\nof the year 1757, when he departed this life. During his\\nministry Mr. Davenport lived on the place in Maidenhead\\nwhich had been occupied by the Rev. Mr. Morgan.\\nIn June, 1758, they presented a call for the labors of the Rev.\\nThomas Lewis, which he took into consideration. In May of\\nMinutes of Philadelphia Presbytery.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "92\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nthis year, the Rev. David Cowell and the Rev. John Guild, with\\nthe congregations of Trenton, Hopewell, and Maidenhead, were,\\nby an act of Synod, attached to the Presbytery of New Brunswick.\\nUntil this time they belonged to the Presbytery of Philadelphia,\\nexcept the new society formed in 1738 from parts of the congre-\\ngation of Hopewell and Maidenhead. In May, 1760, the Rev.\\nMr. Lewis returned the call which he had received from Hope-\\nwell and Maidenhead.\\nIn 1763, Mr. Guild was settled over the two churches. Maiden-\\nhead and Hopewell. The same year the people made application\\nto Mr. Enoch Green, (who had in December, 1761, been licensed\\nby the Presbytery of New Brunswick, and ordained an Evangelist\\nin September, 1762), to supply them the Sabbaths that Mr.\\nGuild did not preach for them, and in October, 1794, they gave\\nhim a call to settle among them. But the Presbytery advised\\nhim not to return the call until he and Mr. Guild could bring\\nabout a reconciliation and union of the two congregations of\\nMaidenhead and Hopewell which had been so long divided, but\\nthis they failed to accomplish after various efforts. In the mean-\\ntime Mr. Green was to be their stated supply. In 1766 he\\nreturned the call.\\nIn 1769, the Rev. Elihu Spencer preached in the old house\\n(Ewing) in town, and in Maidenhead, and dying in 1785, Mr.\\nGuild continued to preach in Maidenhead and Pennington.\\nIn 1 740, the Church in Pennington was built on lands of Mr.\\nPinkerton about one mile west of the village of Pennington. In\\nthis church they continued to worship until their new one was\\nbuilt, which was a brick structure and erected in the village.\\nHaving finished this one, they abandoned the old church.\\nIn 1785, Rev. James Francis Armstrong, of the Presbytery of\\nNew Castle, supplied the three churches, as Mr. Spencer had\\ndone before them.\\nIn April, 1786, the Rev. Mr. Armstrong was present at the\\nmeeting of the New Brunswick Presbytery, a call having been\\npresented for that gentleman at a previous meeting of the Pres-\\nbytery. Mr. A. was at first admitted on trial for the gospel\\nministry by the New Brunswick Presbytery, in 1775, and about\\nthis time the British army, holding possession of this part of", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n93\\nNew Jersey, Dr. Witherspoon gave Mr. Armstrong a letter to\\nthe Presbytery of New Castle, where he was licensed and\\nordained, and was for some years a chaplain in the army.\\nIn April, 1787, Mr. Armstrong accepted the call from Trenton\\nand Maidenhead. In 1790, the congregation of Lawrence asked\\nfor his labors half of the time, and from this time till 1S06 they\\nwere equally divided between Lawrence and Trenton. In this\\nyear the city congregation asked for his labors the whole of the\\ntime, and thenceforward he was wholly employed in the city till\\nthe 19th or January, 1816, when he departed this life in the\\nsixty-sixth year of his age, and the thirty-eighth of his ministry,\\nand was buried in the burial ground of the First Presbyterian\\nChurch in Trenton.\\nDecember 17th, 1816, Rev. Samuel Blanchard How, who had\\npreviously received a call from the congregation of Trenton city,\\nwas installed their pastor. In April, 1821, having received a\\ncall from New Brunswick, he accepted it, and dissolving his\\npastoral relations here entered upon his new field of labor.\\nOn the 28th of November, 1821, Rev. William Jessup Arm-\\nstrong, D. D., was ordained and installed pastor of the church\\nin this city, and on April 24th, of the following year, having\\nreceived a call from Richmond, Virginia, he accepted it, and his\\npastoral relation here was dissolved.\\nMarch 8th, 1826, Rev. John Smith was ordained and installed\\npastor of this church, and on the 6th of August, 1828, the\\npastoral relation was dissolved at his own request.\\nOn the nth of February, 1829, the Rev. James W. Alexander\\nwas installed pastor of the city congregation, and on the ist of\\nOctober, 1832, in consequence of ill-health, Mr. Alexander\\nasked leave to have his pastoral relation dissolved, which was\\ngranted. He then returned to Princeton and accepted a profes-\\nsorship in the college, which he held for a number of years,\\nwhen he accepted a call in New York city, to preach in the\\nDuane Street Church. Subsequently, however, he returned to\\na professorship in the Theological Seminary at Princeton. The\\nDuane street congregation resolved to erect a new edifice\\nhigher up town than their old one, and having finished it, they\\noffered the pastoral charge to Mr. Alexander, which he accepted.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "94\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nOn the 7th of October, 1834, the Rev. John W, Yeomans\\nwas installed pastor of the congregation in the city. During his\\nministration the new church edifice was erected, and dedicated\\nby him on Sunday, the 19th of January, 1840; his text upon\\nthe occasion was the 4th verse of the 65th Psalm Blessed is\\nthe man whom thou choosest and causest to approach unto thee,\\nthat he may dwell in thy courts we shall be satisfied with the\\ngoodness of thy house, even of thy holy temple. His sermon\\nwas afterwards published by the congregation and distributed\\namong the members of his church. He was dismissed by his\\nown request, April 27th, 1841, having been appointed to the\\npresidency of Lafayette College, at Easton, Pennsylvania. He\\nafterwards accepted a call at Danville, Pennsylvania, where he\\nremained until his death.\\nOn the nth of August, 1841, Rev. John Hall, the present\\npastor, was ordained and installed.\\nIn 1870 the church was considerably improved, newly painted\\nand new pews put in, and they are having a splendid organ built\\nat a cost of about four thousand dollars. The church contains\\none hundred and forty-four pews, with a gallery across the\\nsouthern end, and will seat about eight hundred persons.\\nTne officers of the church are Rev. John Hall, D. D., pastor;\\nThomas J. Stryker, Jonathan Fisk, Samuel Roberts, George S.\\nGreen, Augustus G. Richey, Henry W. Green, John S. Cham-\\nbers, and William J. Owens, elders B. Wesley Titus, Julius\\nJohnston, William R. Titus, and James H. Clark, deacons\\nCharles E. Green, treasurer James S. Gray, sexton.\\nThe following statistics during his ministry were furnished by\\nthe pastor Received on first profession, three hundred and\\ntwenty-two from other churches, three hundred and ninety-\\nfour total, seven hundred and sixteen. Original number,\\n(1841), three hundred. Baptism of children, three hundred\\nand seventy-four; baptism of adults, one hundred and fifty-nine.\\nMarriages, three hundred and twenty-seven funerals, eight hun-\\ndred and fifty.\\nThe Second Presbyterian Church of Trenton, was organized by\\na committee of Presbytery on the 15th of November, 1842, Rev^\\nMessrs. Eli F. Cooley, Bayard Hall, and John Hall, D. D.,", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\n95\\nserving on this committee. Various efforts had been previously-\\nmade to maintain public worship in the vicinity of the present\\nlocation of the church edifice, which is in the fourth ward, not\\nfar from the Delaware bridge.\\nAs far back as 1823, the Trenton and Lamberton Baptist\\nChurch, under the pastoral care of Rev. William Boswell, became\\ndivided, and a party following the lead of their pastor, to whom\\nthey manifested a strong attachment, and under the influence of\\nmore than ordinary excitement caused by their maintaining\\nopen communion or fellowship with brethren of various\\nChristain denominations, and other doctrines in which they\\nwere violently opposed by the Baptist brethren, they at once\\ncommenced building a small, but substantial brick edifice\\nwhere the Second Church now stands, and in six weeks time it\\nwas completed and occupied as a house of public worship. This\\nhouse was about forty feet front by fifty-six deep. Here Mr.\\nBoswell continued his ministerial labors with much zeal and to\\nthe great acceptance of his hearers until near the period of his\\nremoval by death, which occurred on the loth of June, 1833, i^^\\nthe fiifty-ninth year of his age. A decent grave-stone covers the\\nplace of his burial in the ground immediately back of the place\\nhe occupied as a pulpit.\\nThe shepherd died and the flock became scattered, and finally\\nafter many difficulties were disbanded.\\nFor some length of time their house was not occupied, or it\\nwas open to any denomination who might chance to worship\\nthere. The Methodists not unfrequently held meetings in it,\\nand at one time made a vigorous effort to obtain means for its\\npurchase, but without success.\\nFinally some of the laymen connected with the First Presby-\\nterian Church of this city, in view of the great destitution among\\nthe rapidly increasing population in the vicinity of the church\\nedifice, occupied it for the purpose of gathering in the children\\nin the neighborhood and instructing them in the Sabbath-school,\\nand occasionally having preaching there, until, at length, at a\\nmeeting of the Presbytery in Kingston, August 2d, 1842, a com-\\nmittee to whom the business had been referred, reported that", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "96\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\na place for public worship had been purchased and handsomely-\\nfitted up and opened for public service.\\nAt this meeting The Rev. Samuel Miller, D. D., was\\nappointed to preach there the second Sabbath in August, and\\nthe Rev. B. H. Rice, D. D., the third Sabbath in August, and\\nthe further supply of the pulpit till the next stated meeting of\\nthe Presbytery was referred to Rev. John Hall and Rev. Dr.\\nMiller.\\nThe venerable and Rev. Charles Webster was employed as a\\nstated supply for a limited time, and he was succeeded by the\\nRev. Daniel Dereuelle in 1843, was regularly called and\\nsettled as their first pastor, with whom he continued to labor in\\nword and doctrine for about five years. About the commence-\\nment of his pastorate, a brick Sunday-school edifice, one story\\nhigh, was erected on the south side of the church edifice, which\\nwas also used for a session-house and lecture room. Mr.\\nDereuelle finally obtained permission of the Presbytery to resign\\nhis pastoral charge on account of his health.\\nOn the 23d of July, 1848, the Rev. A. D. White, who had\\nbeen preaching for them a number of times, received a unanimous\\ncall to become their pastor, and on finally accepting it he was\\nduly installed by the Presbytery as pastor of the congregation on\\nthe 9th of October, 1848.\\nThere was now a steady increase in the congregation and\\nmembership of the church until the spring of 1851, when a\\nvigorous effort was made for enlarging the church edifice. John\\nMcArthur, Jr., architect, of Philadelphia, was employed to\\nfurnish plans and specifications and pastor, elders, trustees,\\nmembers, people of the world, and all hands, male and\\nfemale, old and young, who felt any interest in the undertaking,\\nwere set to work to give of their means according to their several\\nability, and to procure means, both in and out of the congrega-\\ntion, until they should be permitted to see the desire of their\\nhearts accomplished.\\nThe unsightly and dingy old edifice was rejuvenated at the\\nmystic touch of the hand of genius forty feet were added to the\\neastern end, making the entire length ninety-six feet. Large\\nnew windows and a front view of the Romanesque style of archi-", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n97\\ntecture were added, and the entire edifice newly plastered and\\npainted inside, and a rough coat on the outside, in imitation of\\ngranite, presenting at once a neat, plain, and chaste house of\\nworship, capable of seating six hundred people, and the entire\\nimprovement, including furnace, carpets, gas fixtures, c., cost-\\ning about six thousand dollars, which amount was paid and the\\ncongregation left free of debt.\\nWhile this improvement was progressing, the congregation, by\\npermission of the board of freeholders, met* in the Mercer court-\\nhouse for public worship. The present edifice in its improved\\nform was first occupied as a place of worship on the first Sabbath\\nin October, 1851, and on the Tuesday following, the Presbytery\\nof New Brunswick held their regular fall meeting there, according\\nto previous adjournment.\\nA Sunday-school edifice was built in 1857, on grounds adjoin-\\ning the church edifice, on the north side, which cost about four\\nthousand dollars. The edifice is of brick, rough-cast like the\\nchurch, thirty-two feet wide and sixty feet long, two stories\\nhigh, and is capable of seating six hundred children. The lower\\nstory is also occupied as a lecture room, prayer meeting room,\\nsession room, c.\\nSoon after the enlargement of the church edifice in 185 1, the\\nname of the First Presbyterian Church of South Trenton was\\nchanged by legislative enactment to the Second Presbyterian\\nChurch, Trenton, when South Trenton was no longer a\\nseparate borough, but was included within the corporate\\nlimits of the city.\\nThe Rev. Ansley D. White was succeeded in the pastorate of\\nthe Second Church by Rev. George S. Bishop.\\nThis was Mr. Bishop s first charge, he being called here\\ndirectly from the Theological Seminary at Princeton. He was\\nordained to the work of the gospel ministry and installed as\\npastor of the church, June 15th, 1864.\\nHis pastorate continued only about twenty months, during\\nwhich time there were added to the communion of the church\\nthirteen on certificate and thirteen on examination, being a\\ntotal of twenty-six. Mr. Bishop removed hence to the Calvary\\nChurch, of Newburg, New York.\\nI", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "98 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nThe pastorate of Rev. James B. Kennedy, the present pastor^\\nbegan here on the nth of October, 1866, on which day he was\\ninstalled, and upon which occasion Rev. A. Gosman, D. D., of\\nLawrence, presided and proposed the constitutional questions^\\nRev. Samuel M. Studdiford, of the Third Church, preached the\\nsermon, Rev. William M. Blackburn, of the Fourth Church, gave\\nthe charge to the pastor, and Rev. John Hall, D. D., of the\\nFirst Church, gave the charge to the people. During the five\\nyears which have since elapsed there have been added to the\\nchurch, on certificate, thirty-four, and on examination forty-\\nnine, making a total of eighty-three.\\nThe present membership is about two hundred and thirty-\\neight, being little, if any, in advance of what it was in the latter\\npart of Mr. White s pastorate, which fact is accounted for by\\nconstant removals from the section of the city where the church\\nis located to up-town localities.\\nThe church property consists of the lot on Union street on\\nwhich the church edifice stands, together with the lecture and\\nSabbath-school rooms, the value of the whole being about thirty\\nthousand dollars.\\nThe present officers are Rev. James B. Kennedyj pastor\\nWilliam H. Brace, John B. Clugston, Lewis Wooley, and\\nAlbert Drake, elders Edward H. Stokes, Lewis Bronson,\\nGeorge Brearley, Jacob Stuckert, Lewis Parker, Jr., Charles\\nM. Hutchinson, and E. R. Cook, trustees George Brearley\\nand John Hunt, deacons Lewis Parker, Jr. treasurer John\\nBucknum, sexton.\\nIn the year 1848, the Third Presbyterian Church of Trenton\\nwas formed, and in 1849 they erected the edifice they now\\noccupy, in Warren street, which was built by Mr. John Grant,\\nof stone taken from the Ewing quarries. Their first pastor was-\\nthe Rev. Theodore L. Cuyler. He commenced his ministration\\nhere in 1848, before their edifice was completed. At that time,\\nthey held their meetings in the Odd Fellows Hall, corner of\\nGreene and Hanover streets. In June, 1853, Mr. Cuyler\\nresigned his charge, and the Rev. Jacob Kirkpatrick, Jr., being\\nchosen, accepted the call, but did not enter immediately upon\\nhis duties, and the church, for several months, received supplies", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON. 99\\nof ministers from other places. During the summer season, the\\nFirst Church being vacated, to undergo some important repairs,\\nthe Rev. John Hall, D. D., accepted an invitation to occupy the\\npulpit of the Third Church, and for his congregation to worship\\nthere, while their church was being repaired.\\nRev. Henry B. Chapin succeeded Mr. Kirkpatrick on the 5 th\\nof February, 1859, and continued until January ist, 1866. On\\nthe 25th of April, 1866, he was succeeded by Rev. S. M. Stud-\\ndiford. Upon the occasion of his installation, Rev. P. A. Stud-\\ndiford, brother of the pastor, preached the sermon, Rev. P. O.\\nStuddiford, D. D., gave the charge to the pastor, and Rev,\\nSamuel Hammell, D. D., the charge to the people.\\nThe present officers of the church are Samuel M. Studdiford,\\npastor; Joseph G. Brearley, Edward W. Scudder, William A.\\nClark, George S. Grosvenor, elders Edward J. C. Atterbury,\\nHenry W. Closson, John Mutchler, Henry C. Worthington,\\ndeacons; Joseph G. Brearley, treasurer; Joseph Pycraft, sexton.\\nThe church has one hundred and twenty pews, with capacity\\nfor seating about six hundred persons. The present membership\\nis about three hundred.\\nOn the 4th day of November, 1858, sundry persons to the\\nnumber of one hundred and two, represented by their commis-\\nsioners, Messrs. John McKelway, Elias Cook, Andrew R. Titus,\\n5,nd William F. Phelps, appeared before the Presbytery of New\\nBrunswick, then in session at Jamesburg, and petitioned that\\nreverend body to organize them into a church, to be known as\\nThe Fourth Presbyterian Church of Trenton.\\nWhereupon, it was resolved that the prayer of the petitioners\\nbe granted, and that the Rev. John Hall, D. D., the Rev. A. D.\\nWhite, and Hon. Stacy G. Potts, ruling elders, be a committee\\nto organize said church when the way should be clear.\\nOn the 6th of November, and at the request of the petitioners\\naforesaid, this committee of Presbytery met at the rooms of the\\nYoung Men s Christian Association, No. 77 Warren street. The\\nRev. Dr. Hall, moderator of the meeting, opened the same with\\nprayer. The object of the meeting having been stated, the cer-\\ntificates of the following persons were presented, and being found", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "100 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nin order, at their own request they were organized into a church\\nto be known as The Fourth Presbyterian Church of Trenton:\\nFrom the First Presbyterian Church of Trenton, Andrew R.\\nTitus, Mrs. Mary E, Titus, Watson F. Van Camp, Mrs. Hannah\\nVan Camp, Charles Brearley, Mrs. Sarah A. Brearley, Edward\\nT. Green.\\nFrom the Third Presbyterian Church of Trenton, Benjamin S.\\nDisbrow, Mrs. Elizabeth Disbrow, Sarah Disbrow, John W.\\nMcKelway, Wm. W. L. Phillips, Labaw Dennis, Mrs. Marcia\\nMcNeely, George G. Roney, Anna Maria Lloyd, Joseph P.\\nLloyd, Anna H. Lloyd, William F. Phelps, John P. Hutchin-\\nson, Elizabeth Hutchinson, Nathaniel R. Titus, Mrs. Ann Titus,\\nElizabeth Titus, Penelope Titus, William White, Mrs. Hannah\\nH. White, Wilbur F. Wood, John C. Titus, Mrs. Letitia Titus,\\nSumner C. Webb, Robert P. Galager, Mary E. Galager, James\\nH. Farrand, Mrs. Louisa C. Farrand, Mary E. Farrand, Ange-\\nlina McChesney, Joseph C. Potts, Anna W. Potts.\\nAt the same time and place, Messrs. Nathaniel R. Titus, Ben-\\njamin S. Disbrow, and Sumner C. Webb were elected ruling\\nelders, and their installation was appointed to take place at the\\nclose of the public services on the afternoon of the Sabbath fol-\\nlowing, November yth.\\nOn the afternoon of Sunday, November 7th, 1858, the first\\nsermon was preached to the Fourth Church by the Rev. Dr.\\nHall, in the rooms of the Young Men s Christian Association,\\nfrom these words, God is faithful by whom ye were called into\\nthe fellowship of His Son Jesus Christ. ist Cor. i., 9. And\\nthe ruling elders above named were duly installed.\\nThese services concluded, a notice was read calling a meeting\\nof the church and congregation to be held at the same place on\\nMonday evening, November 8th, for the purpose, if the way be\\nclear, of electing a pastor.\\nPursuant to said call, the church and congregation assembled\\nMonday evening, November 8th. The Rev. Dr. Hall officiated\\nas moderator, and Edward T. Green as clerk. At this meeting\\nthe Rev. Edward D. Yeomans, of Pennsylvania, was unanimously\\nchosen as pastor, and Messrs. Webb, A. R. Titus, and McKel-\\nway, were appointed a committee to prosecute the call.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. lOi\\nIt was also resolved that Messrs. G. G. Roney, C. Brearley,\\nO. H. Hazard, and P. K. McClurg, be appointed a committee\\nto organize a Sabbath-school in connection with this church.\\nThe following is a list of the clergymen who supplied the\\npulpit of the Fourth Church previous to the arrival of the pastor\\nelect\\nNovember 7th, Rev. John Hall, D. D., from i Cor., i., 9.\\nNovember 14th, Rev. W. H. Green, D. D., from John, xiii., 2.\\nNovember i8th, (Thanksgiving Day), Rev. W. H. Green, D. D.,\\nfrom Psalms, cxxxvi., i. November 21st, Rev. W. P. Bond,\\nmorning from i Cor., ix., 27; evening from John, xxiv., 15.\\nDecember 5th, Rev. J. C. Moffat, D. D., morning from 2 Cor.,\\nv., 9 evening from Mat., v., 10-12. December 12th, Rev. A.\\nT. McGill, D. D., morning from Is., xxviii., 17; evening\\nfrom Mat., xxviii., 5.\\nThe Rev. E. D. Yeomans preached his first regular sermon\\nDecember 19th, from Psalms, cxix., 105.\\nAt a meeting of the congregation on Wednesday, December\\n15th, Messrs. Elias Cook, A. R. Titus, B. S. Disbrow, Joseph C.\\nPotts, Wm, White, and Edward T. Green were elected trustees.\\nAt Princeton, December i6th, the Rev. E. D. Yeomans was\\nreceived by the Presbytery of New Brunswick as a member of\\nthat body, and having accepted the call of the Fourth Church,\\nhis installation was appointed for the 25th of February, and he\\nwas accordingly installed. The Rev. E. F. Cooley, D. D., pre-\\nside 1, il e Rev. J. W. Yeomans preached the sermon; the charge\\nto the pastor was given by the Rev. A. M. McGill, D. D., and\\nthe charge to the people by the Rev. John Hall, D. D.\\nAt a meeting of the church July 6th, 1859, Mr. Aaron A.\\nHutchinson was elected a ruling elder, and on the following\\nFriday evening was duly installed.\\nAt a similar meeting held September 19th, i860, Mr. E. B.\\nFuller was elected ruling elder, and Messrs. John C. Titus, John\\nMcKelway, and Andrew R. Titus were elected as deacons, and\\non the 7th of October following, these gentlemen were installed\\nin their several offices.\\nOn the 2d day of June, 1863, the Rev. E, D. Yeomans was\\nreleased, at his own request, from the pastoral charge of the", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "I02 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nchurch, with a view to his settlement over St. Peter s Presby-\\nterian Church, Rochester, New York.\\nThe Rev. J. T. Duffield, D. D., of Princeton, supplied the\\npulpit until the arrival of the Rev. W. M. Blackburn, December\\n2oth, 1863.\\nMr. Blackburn was called to the pastorate of the church\\nNovember 28th, 1863. He commenced his labors December\\n27th, and was installed in February, 1864. At the installation\\nthe Rev. George Hale, D. D., presided, the Rev. J. G. Symmes,\\npreached the seimon, the Rev. John Hall, D. D., gave the charge\\nto the pastor, and the Rev. J. T. Duffield, D. D., the charge to\\nthe people.\\nThe pastorate of the Rev. W. M. Blackburn continued until\\nAugust 1 6th, 1868, when it was declared ended by the action of\\nthe Presbytery, Mr. B. having been elected by the General\\nAssembly in session at Albany, New York, the May preceding,\\nto the professorship of Biblical and Ecclesiastical History in the\\nPresbyterian Theological Seminary of the Northwest.\\nThe pulpit of the church was then supplied by the Rev. Prof.\\nC. A. Aiken, of Princeton, until November ist, 1868, when the\\nnew pastor elect assumed the duties of his office.\\nAt a meeting of the congregation October 5th, at which the\\nRev. Dr. Hall presided, a call to the pastorate of the church\\nwas given to the Rev. R. H. Richardson, D. D., of Newbury-\\nport, Massachusetts, Presbytery of Londonderry, and on the 6th,\\npermission was given by the Presbytery to prosecute it through\\nMessrs. A. A. Hutchinson, W. W. L. Phillips, E. Cook, J. W.\\nFarrand, and R. Brandt, commissioners chosen by the congre-\\ngation for that purpose.\\nThe call having been accepted, the pastor elect was installed\\nDecember 3d, 1868. On this occasion the Rev. Dr. Hall\\npresided the sermon was preached by the Rev. C. W. Shields,\\nD. D., of Princeton. The charge to the pastor was given by the\\nRev. A. Gossman, D. D., of Lawrenceville, and the charge to\\nthe people by the Rev. J. R. Mann, D. D., of Kingston.\\nOn the 3d of February, Messrs. C. Brearley, B. Pickel, and\\nW. D. Sinclair were elected elders of the church, and on the\\n2ist were duly installed.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n103\\nJanuary nth, 1871, Mr. E. M. Fuller was re-elected to the\\nsame office, and installed.\\nAnd on the i8th of the same month, Messrs. Sylvester Dana,\\nMindred W. Johnson, and W. W. L. Phillips were elected\\ndeacons, and on Sunday, 29th, were installed.\\nThe present organization of the church (April 15th, 1871),\\nis as follows: R. H. Richardson, D. D., pastor; B. S. Disbrow,\\nA. A. Hutchinson, E. B. Fuller, C. Brearley, B. Pickel, W. D.\\nSinclair, ruling elders J. McKelway, J. C. Titus, S. Dana, W.\\nW. L. Phillips, M. W. Johnson, deacons; Elias Cook, J. H.\\nCogill, B. S. Disbrow, C. Brearley, W. W. L. Phillips, W.\\nWhite, trustees E. B. Fuller, treasurer B. Pickel, superinten-\\ndent of Sabbath-school M. W. Johnson, vice superintendent of\\nSabbath -school.\\nImmediately after the organization of the church, measures\\nwere taken for the erection of a church building, and the very\\neligible lot at the intersection of State, Clinton, and Ewing\\nstreets was soon purchased and the building began. The con-\\ngregation worshipped in the city hall until the completion of\\ntheir edifice.\\nThis was accomplished under the faithful and judicious super-\\nvision of the building committee, consisting of Messrs. E. Cook,\\nW. White, and C. Brearley, of which Mr. Cook was the chair-\\nman, by October 15th, i860, precisely one year from the day on\\nwhich the corner-stone was laid. On the i6th, the church was\\ndedicated to the worship of the Divine God, the pastor, the\\nRev. E. D. Yeomans preaching the sermon.\\nThe buildings connected with the church are the main edifice,\\nin the rear of which is the lecture room and Sabbath-school\\nroom, and behind these the parsonage. The spire was blown\\ndown January 2d, 1870, and was a great loss, not only to the\\nchurch, but to the city of which it was so conspicuous an orna-\\nment. The present value of the church property is about\\nseventy-five thousand dollars.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IX.\\nFirst Presbyterian Church New Building Mysterious Vault\\nChurch in Maidenhead Ewing German Reformed Church\\nEvangelical Society Reformed Dtitch Church St. MichaeV s\\nChurch St. PauV s Church Trinity Church Methodist Epis-\\ncopal Churches, etc. etc.\\nThe First Presbyterian Church, in the city of Trenton, was\\nbuilt subsequent to the Presbyterian Church in Hopewell (now\\nEwing), and was a very antiquated stone building, about thirty\\nfeet front by the same in depth, and would seat about three hun-\\ndred persons. The society was formed in 171 2, and in 1726\\nthe stone church was built.\\nIn the year 1756, the church was incorporated by George II.,\\nby letters patent, appointing the Rev. David Cowell, Charles\\nClark, Esq., Andrew Reed, Esq., Joseph Yard, Arthur Howell,\\nWilliam Green, and Alexander Chambers trustees, under the\\nname of Trustees of the Presbyterian Church of Trenton.\\nAccording to the inscription on the church in State street, the\\nold stone building must have stood about eighty years, as it\\nremained there until 1804, when it was taken down, to make\\nroom for the large brick church, which was built in 1805. This\\nchurch was a much larger and more costly edifice than the old\\nchurch. It occupied the same spot of ground. The new edifice\\nwas built of brick, in the year above named. It was placed\\nabout twenty feet back from the street, with a tower in the\\ncentre, and surmounted by a steeple, in the belfry of which hung\\nthe same bell now in the steeple of the First Presbyterian Church\\nof this city.\\nLiber 2 of Deeds, folio 444, secretary s office.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n105\\nThe city clock was also placed in the steeple of the old church,\\nhaving a face upon three sides of it, so that the time could be\\nreadily seen, approach the church from whatever quarter you\\nmight. This clock, for more than forty years, told to the deni-\\nzens of our goodly city, faithfully, the hours as they onward\\nrolled, and when the same were struck upon the old bell, its\\nsound was plainly heard, the country round.\\nThe entrance to this church was by double doors, placed on\\neach side of the brick tower. The entrance to the tower was by\\na door opening from the street, and located on the east side of\\nthe same. The pulpit was placed against the tower, and the\\ncongregation sat facing the door. The galleries extended around\\nthree sides of the building, and were entered by an open, wind-\\ning staircase, on the east and west side of the church, and near\\nthe doors.\\nThe church was formerly lighted by three large glass chande-\\nliers, suspended from the ceiling, and burning spermaceti candles.\\nBut of late years, two of these chandeliers had been broken, and\\nthe church had been supplied with side lamps. This church\\nbeing the largest building in the city, was in constant requisition\\nfor public purposes. Fourth of July celebrations, temperance\\nmeetings, c., were usually held there.\\nAbout the year 1836, the subject of building a new church\\nbegan to be agitated, in consequence of fears in regard to the\\nold structure. Accordingly, in 1838, the old brick building was\\ndemolished, the place where it stood was filled up and levelled,\\nand the new edifice was erected in the immediate centre of the\\nyard. The new building cost twenty thousand dollars. It has a\\ngallery across the front end for the use of the choir, and in it\\nwas a handsome fine-toned organ, manufactured by Holbrook\\nWare, of Massachusetts. The body of the church will seat\\nabout nine hundred persons. The builders were Messrs. Hotch-\\nkiss Thompson, of New Haven, Connecticut.\\nIn removing the old stone church, in 1804, a vault was dis-\\ncovered containing two skeletons in a good state of preservation.\\nThis vault was supposed to have been built by Governor Cosby\\nin 1732, and the bodies found there, it has been thought, were\\nBritish officers, belonging to the colonial government. Tradition", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "Io6 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nsays that one of these, an old bachelor, was, at his own request,\\nburied by candle light, to prevent females attending his funeral.\\nThis vault remained under the brick church, unknown to the\\npresent generation, until 1838, when, removing that church, it\\nwas again discovered, and the coffins, although having been\\nthere over a century, were in a tolerable state of preservation,\\nand the skeletons themselves were perfect. I was the first one\\nwho explored that subterraneous abode of the dead. I found\\nthe lid of one of the coffins had been removed, and was placed\\nin an upright position against the wall. Near it, on the floor of\\nthe vault (which was cemented), lay a metal plate, which had\\nevidently been upon one of the coffins, but was so eaten up with\\nrust as to render it impossible to decipher the figures upon it\\nbut from what little I could see, I am fully satisfied it was the\\ncoat of arms of some ancient English family.\\nIn 1790, the congregation in Maidenhead called the Rev.\\nJames Francis Armstrong half of his time, when his labors were\\nconfined to the two congregations of Trenton and Maidenhead\\nbut in 1806, shortly after the new brick edifice was completed,\\nhe accepted a call from Trenton city, for all his time, and\\nofficiated there only. After being dismissed from his charge at\\nMaidenhead, the congregation called and settled Rev. Isaac V.\\nBrown, who continued their pastor twenty-one years, when, in\\nconsequence of ill health, he asked for his dismissal, which was\\naccepted and his connection dissolved, December 9th, 1828.\\nThrough his influence the name of the village was changed to\\nLawrenceville. On the i6th of June, 1830, Rev. Henry Axtell\\nwas ordained and installed pastor of this church and congrega-\\ntion, and in February, 1835, he was, at his own request,\\ndismissed, and on the 27th of April, 1836, the Rev. Joseph\\nMahon was installed pastor of the church and congregation, and\\nin 1847, he was, by his own request, dismissed. The church\\ncontinued for three years without a settled pastor, when in\\nthe spring of 1850, their present pastor. Rev. A. Gossman,\\nwas installed.\\nIn the year 1789, Rev. Joseph Rue received a call from the\\nTrenton First Church (now in Ewing) for one-fourth of his time,\\nand the congregation of Pennington assenting, he accepted the", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON:\\n107\\ncall, and continued till 1800, when he gave to Trenton First\\nChurch one-third of his time, until 182 1, when he asked for a\\ndismission from his charge in Trenton First Church, which was\\ngranted. From this time the Presbytery of New Brunswick\\nsupplied their pulpit till April, 1823, when the Rev. Eli F.\\nCooley, of Middletown Point, having received a call, removed\\nthere and was installed pastor the following June, which position\\nhe retained for a period of thirty-four years.\\nAt the meeting of the Presbytery, when the Rev. Mr. Guild\\nwas dismissed from his pastoral charge, the Rev. Joseph Rue,\\nwho had been ordained an Evangelist, in June, 1784, received a\\ncall from the congregation of Pennington to become their pastor,\\nwhich call he accepted, and was installed not long after. Mr.\\nRue continued to be the pastor of this congregation until the\\n26th of April, 1826, when he departed this life.\\nOn the 30th of September following, the congregation gave the\\nRev. Benjamin Ogden, of Delaware, a call, which he accepted,\\nand was installed December 5th, 1826. In October, 1838, he\\nasked for and obtained a dismission from his pastoral charge,\\nand removed with his family to Michigan. On the 7th of\\nFebruary, 1839, Rev. George Hale, their present pastor, having\\nreceived a call to settle among them, was ordained and installed\\nby the Presbytery of New Brunswick.*\\nIn the year 1834, a few members of the Presbyterian Church\\nof Trenton city formed themselves into a society denominated\\nThe Trenton Evangelical Society. They employed the Rev.\\nTruman Osborne, who labored for them for seven months as a\\nmissionary, preaching in one of the rooms of the Masonic lodge,\\ncorner of Front and Willow streets.\\nOn the 2d of April, 1835, the Rev. J. W. Davis, of the Ger-\\nman Reformed Church, who had been preaching for the society\\nfor some time, organized seven persons into a German Reformed\\nChurch. On the 4th of March, 1836, the Rev. John H. Smaltz\\nreceived a call to be their pastor, and remained with them till\\n*As these churches, Trenton, Ewing, Lawrence, and Pennington, are in\\ntheir history so closely connected, we thought it best to give a history of each\\n\u00c2\u00a9ne for the benefit of the reader.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "1 08 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nnear the close of the year 1838. During Mr. Smaltz s residence\\nhere the walls of the brick church were put up and the edifice\\nenclosed. The corner-stone was laid September 8th, 1836.\\nAfter Mr. Smaltz left the place, the Rev. Messrs. Jesse Steiner\\nand Edward D. Smith labored here each a few months. On\\nthe 2d of January, 1841, the Rev. Charles P. Wack, of the\\nReformed Dutch Church, received a call. In May following,\\nthe church dissolved its ecclesiastical relation with the German\\nReformed Church, and in June, at a stated meeting of the\\nClassis of Philadelphia, the church was received into the com-\\nmunion of the Reformed Dutch Church. Mr. Wack, by his\\nindefatigable exertions while pastor here, had the church edifice\\nhandsomely finished, and on the 30th of January, 1841, the\\nchurch was dedicated by the Rev. Samuel A. Van Vranken, D.\\nD., of New Brunswick. Mr. Wack continued their pastor for\\nabout two years, when, resigning his charge, the church was\\nclosed.\\nConcerning Saint Michael s Church (Episcopal) but very little\\nis known all the facts, however, which I have been able to\\nascertain I will now proceed to lay before you.\\nKalm says: The church, a frame building, was commenced\\nin 1748, and finished in 1753.\\nIn 1755, the Rev. Michael Endang was settled as pastor, but\\nin 1 761 the church was vacant.\\nIn 1763, the Rev. Mr. Treadwell was settled. In 1770, Rev.\\nWilliam Thompson was pastor. In 1774, Rev. Mr. Panton was\\nsettled, and in April 1776, the services in the church were sus-\\npended in consequence of the war of the Revolution.\\nWhen the British were in Trenton they converted the church,\\ninto a stable for their horses. After the close of the war the\\nbuilding was repaired.\\nIn 1788, the Rev. William Frazer was appointed to the rec-\\ntorship.\\nIn 1795, the Rev. Mr. Vandyke was settled as pastor.\\nIn 1798, the Rev. Henry Waddell was appointed to the rec-\\ntorship, and continued to ofiiciate until the year 18 10, when he\\ndeparted this life.\\nIn 181 1, Rev. Mr. Ward was appointed rector, and continued.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n109\\nin his charge until the close of the year 181 4, when the Rev.\\nMr. Sherwood was appointed in his stead.\\nIn 181 7, Rev. James Montgomery, of Philadelphia, was chosen\\nand officiated as pastor for about a year, when he removed to the\\ncity of New York.\\nIn May, 1818, the Rev. Abiel Carter received a call, which at\\nthe close of the year he accepted, and at the close of the year\\n1822, he resigned his charge and removed to Savannah, Georgia.\\nIn 1823, the Rev. William L. Johnson having received a call\\nfrom this congregation, removed to Trenton early in the year,\\nand in the beginning of the year 1830, he removed to Brooklyn,\\nNew York.\\nIn August of this year, (1830), the Rev. Mr. Beasley, D. D.,\\nof Philadelphia, was chosen rector, and removed here the same\\nseason. Dr. Beasley resigned his charge in May, 1836, and in\\nSeptember following, the Rev. Samuel Starr received a call,\\nwhich he accepted, and removed to this city shortly after. Dur-\\ning his residence here the church was entirely remodeled, the\\nfront being extended out to the street, thereby considerably\\nenlarging the building. Previous to this alteration, the front\\nstood about twenty feet back from the street.\\nRev. Samuel Clements was rector in 1855; Rev. Richard B.\\nDuane, in 1858; Rev. Edward W. Appleton, in 1862.\\nThe present rector, Rev. Christopher W. Knauff, commenced\\nhis rectorship November i8th, 1866.\\nThe names of the present officers, elected April loth, 1871,\\nare James M. Davis, O. W. Blackfan, wardens James M. Davis,\\nOgden W. Blackfan, Henderson G. Scudder, Samuel K. Wilson,\\nE. Mercer Shreve, John Moses, William R. Mcllvaine, James C.\\nDeCou, Frederick R. Wilkinson, Samuel S. Stryker, and James\\nMurphy, vestrymen.\\nThe church edifice has been rebuilt almost entirely during the\\npresent year (1870) at a cost of seventeen thousand dollars. Its\\npresent seating capacity is seven hundred and fifty. Value of\\nchurch property about forty thousand dollars. Number of com-\\nmunicants two hundred and fifty-six.\\nIn 1848, Saint Paul s Church, in the third ward, was formed\\nby members from Saint Michael s. They purchased a lot in\\nK", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "no HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nSouth Trenton, (now part of the city), and erected a stone\\nedifice thereon in the Gothic style of architecture.\\nTheir first rector was the Rev. Benjamin Franklin he con-\\ntinued with them about three years, when, removing to Hoboken,\\nthe church was without a pastor.\\nThe rectorship being offered to Rev. Francis Clements, he\\naccepted, and remained with them until his death, which\\noccurred on the i8th of December, 1852, in the twenty-eighth\\nyear of his age.\\nThe church was again for a short time without a rector, until\\nthe settlement of the Rev. James L. Maxwell, in 1853. In 1854\\nhe was appointed moral instructor in the State Prison, at the\\nsame time continuing to officiate as pastor of Saint Paul s.\\nThe Rev. J. L. Maxwell was called to the rectorship of Saint\\nPaul s Church, at a meeting of the vestry, February loth, 1853,\\nresigning the same in the month of April, 1855. No services\\nwere held in St! Paul s for the ensuing five years.\\nAt a vestry meeting held in September, i860, the Rev. Thos.\\nDrumm was called to the rectorship, holding this position until\\nhis acceptance of a chaplaincy in a New Jersey regiment, in the\\nspring of the year 1862.\\nIn May of the same year, the present rector, the Rev. John C.\\nBrown, accepted a call to the rectorship. The present officers of\\nthe church are Rev. John C. Brown, rector Thomas Green,\\nWilliam Clark, wardens George James, Robert Aitken, William\\nGreen, M. D., J. Stokes, J. Bergelin, Joseph Little, Ambrose\\nEnglish, vestry Charles Hewitt, Earl English, Jacob R. Freese,\\ndelegates to the diocesan convention.\\nThere are sixty-four pews in the church, seating three hundred\\npersons. Communicants over one hundred. Value of church\\nproperty twelve thousand dollars. There is a large and flourish-\\ning Sunday-school of three hundred children, under the care of\\nMr. Charles Hewitt as superintendent. Two Bible classes of\\ntwenty-five each, male and female, are taught by Mr. Timothy\\nAbbott and Mrs. S. McTrim. The libraries contain some eight\\nhundred volumes. In nine years the congregation has grown\\nfrom twenty-five to one hundred and twenty-five families.\\nThe parish of Trinity Episcopal Church was organized Septem-", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON. 1 1 1\\nber 23d, 1858, by Catharine McCall, S. S. Barnes, G. A. Perdi-\\ncaris, Rodman M. Price, M. Beasley, M. Dunn, C. C. Phelps,\\nEdward D. Weld, A. T. Howell, Philemon Dickinson, W. W.\\nNorcross, William M. Babbitt, Thomas Cadwalader, William E.\\nHunt, C. H. Higginson, A. S. Livingston, and Samuel Simons.\\nRev. Hannibal Goodwin accepted the first rectorship Decem-\\nbet 8th, 1858. He resigned September 29th, 1859.\\nThe first services were held in Dolton s building, Warren\\nstreet, and were continued at that place until the present church\\nedifice was ready for occupancy.\\nThe Rev. Norman W. Camp, D. D., was called and accepted\\nthe rectorship of the parish, December 19th, 1859.\\nRev. Henry Palethorp Hay, the third rector, accepted the call\\ntendered him, on December 30th, i860. He resigned October\\n31st, 1863.\\nRev. Mark L. Olds, fourth rector, accepted June 30th, 1864.\\nHe resigned March 27th, 1867.\\nRev. E. P. Cressy, D. D., fifth rector, assumed the duties of\\nhis office May 12th, 1865, and continued his reqtorship until\\nhis decease.\\nRev. Albert Upham Stanley, the sixth and present rector,\\nentered upon his duties November nth, 1866,\\nThe corner-stone of the new church in Academy street was\\nlaid with solemn and impressive ceremonies, June 15th, i860,\\nby Rt. Rev. Mr. Odenheimer, Bishop of the Diocese, assisted by\\nRev. Mr. Brown, of Lambertville, Rev. Messrs. Burton and\\nMaxwell, Rev. P. L. Jaques, Rev. Dr. Dod, Rev. Dr. Camp,\\nand Rev. Mr. Beasley. The service was commenced by singing\\nthe one hundred and second selection of Psalms, after which the\\nBishop read the Litany.\\nThese services were performed at the hall where the congrega-\\ntion had been worshiping, after which a procession was formed\\nand marched to the lot on Academy street, the bishop and clergy\\nwearing their robes of office. When near the location of the\\nproposed church, the bishop, clergy, and others in the proces-\\nsion commenced, reading antiphonally, the one hundred and\\ntwenty-second Psalm of the Psalter. When this was concluded", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "112 HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nthe bishop, clergy, and procession had reached the spot where\\nthe corner-stone was to be laid.\\nAfter an appropriate prayer, Rev. Dr. Camp, the rector of the\\nparish, read a document setting forth that the corner-stone was\\nlaid by the Rt. Rev. Bishop of the Diocese and recited at\\nlength the history of the parish, with the names of its officers,\\ncommunicants, c.\\nAfter the laying of the corner-stone and the singing of Gloria\\nin Excelsis, the bishop returned thanks for the interest mani-\\nfested in the project by the citizens present. He then spoke\\nbriefly of the enterprise which they had assembled to inaugurate\\nwith appropriate solemnities.\\nAfter the ceremonies had been concluded, the clergy and\\ninvited guests dined at the State Street House. After dinner,\\nthe Rev. Dr. Camp made a few remarks concerning the enter-\\nprise so auspiciously inaugurated, and tendered a welcome on\\nbehalf of himself, the wardens, and vestry to the bishop, clergy,\\nand other invited guests, to which Bishop Odenheimer responded\\nin a short and beautiful speech, and in one of his most happy\\nmoods tenderly and appropriately mentioned the name of the\\nlate Bishop Doane, when the whole company arose and remained\\nstanding in silence a few moments. The Rev. Mr. Brown hap-\\npily responded for himself and on behalf of the clergy. On\\nbehalf of the laity. Judges Ogden and Vandyke responded in\\nshort speeches. Addresses were also made by Mayor Mills and\\nE. Mercer Shreve. Rev. Dr. Camp read a letter from Rev. Mr.\\nGoodwin, the first rector of Trinity Church. A. S. Livingston,\\nEsq., one of the wardens of the church, spoke of the enter-\\nprise this day entered upon, and of the connection of Rev. Mr.\\nGoodwin with the parish, in most eloquent and glowing terms,\\nand he sat down in the midst of great applause.\\nThe day was a very warm one, but admirable arrangements\\nhad been made by Mr. Westley P. Hunt, the untiring senior\\nwarden of the church. With admirable forethought Colonel\\nHunt ordered the erection of a temporary shed, made of lumber\\non the ground, and open on all sides, for protection against rain\\nor sunshine. Under its grateful shade the bishop, clergy, invited\\nguests, the ladies, and the choir were gathered. Around upon", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 1 13\\nall sides were dense masses of human beings probably more than\\nfive hundred persons were present and such admirable order was\\npreserved during the whole time of the imposing and impressive\\nceremony, that every word was heard.\\nMany of our prominent citizens other than Episcopalians were\\npresent, among whom we may mention Judge Dayton, Lawyer\\nGrandin, and every Methodist minister in Trenton, with per-\\nhaps a single exception, and Thomas J. Stryker, Esq., cashier of\\nthe Trenton Banking Company.\\nThe cavity of the stone was twelve inches square and eight\\nand a half inches deep-^a large, heavy, and very hard stone about\\nthree feet square its contents were hermetically sealed in glass\\njars, and then placed in the cavity. The list of contents, the\\npast history of the parish, :c., were furnished by Rev. Dr.\\nCamp, and were engrossed on parchment with exquisite taste,\\nby our late worthy townsman Mr. Decius Rice, and then the\\ninstrument was presented to the church.\\nThe church is built upon the highest part of Academy street,\\nand opposite the Trenton academy. The lot is seventy-five by\\none hundred and fifty feet deep.\\nTlie church is built of what is commonly known as Trenton\\nsand stone. The cross and four tablets on the front of the\\nbuilding are of Pictou stone. The slate of the roof came from\\nthe celebrated Delaware Water Gap quarries. The ridge tiles\\nand chimney top are terra cotta. Between the roof boards and\\nthe slate is a lining of felt, which answers a three-fold purpose,\\nviz., a good bed for slate, a perfect non-conductor of sound, and\\nkeeps out the cold. The building is heated by a large furnace\\nin the cellar.\\nThe exterior of the building is a parallelogram, forty-two by\\nninety-one feet. The style of the architecture is the first pointed\\nGothic. Above the dentils, where the gable shows at the ridge,\\nrise two turrets, one above the other, flanked on either side with\\nbuttress caps of cut stone. There are three bells in the upper\\nturret. Above all, eighty feet from the ground is a beau-\\ntiful cross, eight feet high, cut from Pictou stone. Just over\\nthe arch of the upper and middle window and just under\\nK*", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "114\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nthe dentils are two tablets of Pictou stone, on which are wrought\\nthe words Laus Deo (Glory to God).\\nThe windows in the front of the church are ornamented with\\nthe dove, the Maltese or St. Andrew s cross, the Alpha and\\nOmega, and the double triangle. The side windows, except the\\ntwo nearest the chancel, have a. colored grape-vine border, and\\nare of Grisaille quarries. The two windows excepted above are\\nmemorials of the two departed Bishops of the Diocese of New\\nJersey, (Bishops Croes and Doane). They are of the Mosaic\\nmedallion pattern of the richest and most beautiful kind. That\\non the right as you enter the church is devoted to the late Bishop\\nCroes, the first bishop of New Jersey, and the one just opposite\\non the other side, is devoted to the late Bishop Doane.\\nThe chancel is lighted at night by a peculiar arrangement\\nwithin the chancel, and about one foot from the outer edge of\\nthe arch, are seen eight gas burners, four on each side, and about\\nthree feet apart. When these are lighted no one in the nave\\nsees the flame, but the chancel itself is as bright as day.\\nThe wood work of the church is ordinary white pine, without\\npaint, but oiled and varnished.\\nThe church was occupied for Divine service, October 14th,\\ni860, and was solemnly dedicated to the worship of Almighty\\nGod on the 13th of December of the same year, by the Rt. Rev.\\nJ. H. Hopkins, D. D., LL.D., Bishop of Vermont, acting on\\nbehalf and at the request of Bishop Odenheimer, who was at the\\ntime suffering from a fracture of the patella.\\nThe clergymen in attendance, in addition to Bishop Hopkins,\\nwere J. H. Hopkins, Jr., of New York city, editor of the Church\\nJournal, Rev. W. C. Doane, R. B. Duane, Rev. Mr. Drumm,\\nRev. Mr. Peck, Rev. J. S. Maxwell, Rev. Dr. Knight, of Bur-\\nlington, Rev. J. B. Gibson, of Burlington College, Rev. Mr.\\nHommary, of Yardleyville, Rev. J. S. Thompson, of Somer-\\nville, Rev. Mr. Hepburn, of Pennsylvania, and the rector of\\nthe church.\\nThe instrument of donation was read by the rector, and the\\nsentence of consecration by Rev. W. C. Doane, of Burlington.\\nThe rest of the consecration service was performed by the Bishop\\nof Vermont.\\nRev. Mr. Hopkins preached from Hebrews, ix., 24.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n115\\nFrom the annual sermon preached by Rev. Albert U. Stanley,\\nthe present rector, in 1870, we learn that during the preceding\\nyear he had officiated two hundred and fifteen times, and\\npreached one hundred and twenty-one sermons and celebrated\\nthe Holy Communion nineteen times in public and once private\\neleven had been confirmed, and five adults and eleven children\\nbaptized there had been nine marriages the rector had buried\\nin all ten persons, and there had been one burial during his\\nabsence from home three of these were not connected with the\\nparish.\\nAt a meeting of the vestry, March 31st, 1870, Messrs. Living-\\nston, Simons, Biddle, Clarke, and Hall, were appointed a com-\\nmittee to report a plan for the financial government of the\\njchurch for the year.\\nApril 7th, they reported in favor of a fre,e church system, a\\nweekly payment of a small sum by each attendant, to dispense\\nwith renting pews, and that on and after Easter Monday the\\nchurch wardens appropriate pews to all regular attendants upon\\nthe services.\\nThis plan was adopted, and Trinity Church is now free, being\\nthe only church in this city where pews are not rented.\\nThe plan has thus far worked well, and a better support is\\ngiven to the pastor under the voluntary contribution system than\\nhe received from the rental of pews.\\nThe following is the report of Rev. Albert U. Stanley, the\\npresent efficient rector, for 1870\\nRead services of the church two hundred and seventy-eight\\ntimes; preached one hundred and twenty-one sermons; adminis-\\ntered the holy baptism to two adults and fifteen infants cele-\\nbrated the holy communion twenty times in public and once in\\nprivate confirmed seven married five couples and read the\\nburial service at ten funerals.\\nMethodism, or the doctrines taught by John Wesley, the\\nfather and founder of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Great\\nBritain as well as in America, was first introduced into this\\ncountry about the year 1763. The first man who preached their\\ndoctrines in Trenton was Thomas Webb, captain of a British\\ntnan-of-war. He came here about the year 1766, and preached", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "1 1 6 HIS TO R Y OF TRENI ON.\\nto the people in a stable located near the corner of Greene and\\nAcademy streets, and directly opposite the dividing line between\\nthe corner store and the Trenton academy.\\nThe new doctrine met at first with considerable opposition,\\nand those who advocated it were persecuted to a greater extent\\nby the ungodly than were some of the other religious denomina-\\ntions. It did not at first meet with much encouragement from\\nthe wealthy and influential members of the community in conse-\\nquence of its plain doctrine but from its simplicity and entire\\nadaptedness to the capacity of the unlettered and illiterate, it\\ngained favor with the common people, and in a short time a\\ncongregation was formed.\\nIn 1768, two years after its first promulgation among us, a\\nsociety was formed who erected a frame chapel, and in the year\\n1788 it was taken down and a frame church erected on the same\\nsite; and in 1808, that was also removed, and a brick edifice,\\nafterwards in the occupancy of the Friends (Orthodox), was\\nbuilt. All these buildings were erected upon the same spot.\\nIn 1838, and during the ministry of Rev. Anthony Atwood, the\\ncongregation had increased to such an extent that they were\\nobliged either to enlarge the old church or build a new one the\\nlatter expedient was adopted, and they purchased a lot in Greene\\nstreet, below State, on the old Tucker property, and erected the\\npresent handsome brick edifice thereon, which has, since its first\\nerection, been materially improved.\\nIn June, 1773, the General Conference of the United States\\ntransacted all the business relating to this society. There were\\nat that time but ten ministers and eleven hundred souls who\\ncomposed the entire body of the Methodist Church the same\\nchurch, in 1844, could count more than a thousand ministers,\\nand more than a million members.\\nIn 1773, there were but five stations or circuits in the entire\\ncountry. These were New York, Philadelphia, New Jersey,\\nMaryland, and Virginia. The New York station comprised\\npart of Massachusetts, and the New Jersey station part of Penn-\\nsylvania. There was an average number of members belong-\\ning to these five stations of two hundred and thirty-two souls,\\nmaking in all eleven hundred and sixty members, and to each of", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n117\\nthese stations, which comprised almost an entire state, and some\\nof them even a still larger territory, there were but two minis-\\nters to each district.\\nNew Jersey, as well as the other districts, was nothing more\\nthan a missionary station.\\nThe first Conference met at Philadelphia in 1773, at which\\ntime John King and William Watters were appointed to officiate\\nin New Jersey and at that time the church throughout the\\nentire state numbered but two hundred members.\\nIn 1774, William Watters was stationed at Trenton. Fifty-\\nseven members had been added to the church in the year ending\\nat this time.\\nOn the 17th of May, 1775, John King and Daniel Ruff were\\nstationed at Trenton. King had been traveling through the\\nstate in the capacity of a circuit preacher the two years preced-\\ning this appointment. These two were to change every three\\nmonths until the annual session of Conference. The society at\\nthis time numbered three hundred members.\\nMay 2ist, 1776, at the meeting of the Conference in Baltimore,\\nRobert Lindsay and John Cooper were appointed to this station.\\nThis year there appears to have been a falling off in the mem-\\nbership of about one-half, the whole number reported being only\\none hundred and fifty. What should have caused this I do not\\nknow, unless a division had taken place in the New Jersey\\ndistrict, which I think highly probable.\\nMay 20th, 1777, Henry Kennedy and Thomas McClure were\\nappointed. At this time the society numbered one hundred and\\nsixty, being an increase of only ten in the year.\\nOn the 19th of May, 1778, Conference, at its session at\\nLeesburg, appointed Daniel Ruff, and in the following year\\nthe Philadelphia station being added to that of New Jersey, Ruff\\nwas re-appointed with Philip Cox and Joshua Dudley. Confer-\\nence had a second meeting on the i8th of May of the same year,\\nbut at that session they made no change in the previous appoint-\\nments in this state.\\nApril 24th, 1780, at a meeting of Conference held at Balti-\\nmore, William Gill, John James, and Richard Garretson were\\nappointed. It was at the same time ordered that they should", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "Ii8 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nchange every six months. This year the Virginia Conference\\nseparated from the General Conference in consequence of their\\nbeing opposed to certain ordinances practiced in the church.\\nSuch action was disapproved by the General Conference.\\nApril 1 6th, 1781, Conference met at Choptank, in the state\\nof Delaware, but adjourned to meet at Baltimore on the 24th of\\nthe same month. At this session this state was divided into two\\ndistricts, comprising East and West Jersey. Trenton being in\\nWest Jersey, Caleb B. Pedicord and Joseph Cromwell were\\nappointed to this station. The whole number of members in\\nthe state at that time was five hundred and twelve.\\nApril 17th, 1782, they met at Ellis preaching-house, in Sussex\\ncounty, Virginia, but adjourned to meet May 21st, in Balti-\\nmore. Joshua Dudley and William Ivy were appointed for six\\nmonths John Tunnell, of East Jersey, to take the place of\\nDudley, and William Clendening, of Pennsylvania, that of\\nRichard Ivy. West Jersey reported three hundred and seventy-\\nfive members.\\nMay 6th, 1783, they again met in Sussex county, Virginia,\\nbut adjourned to meet the 27th of the same month, in Balti-\\nmore. Woolman Hickson and John Magery were appointed.\\nThey met at the same place on the 30th of April, 1784-, and\\ncontinued their sitting to May 28th, at Baltimore. At the latter\\nplace John Hagerty and Mathew Greentree were appointed. At\\nthis session Trenton was set off from East and West Jersey, and\\nthe state divided into three districts.\\nIn 1785, Robert Cloud, John McClaskey, and Jacob Brush\\nwere appointed to officiate in Trenton. In this year the North\\nAmerican Conference separated from the British Conference, at\\nthe recommendation of John Wesley, and they formed a distinct\\nand separate body, independent of the English Methodist estab-\\nlishment, adopting the Episcopal form of church government, as\\nrecommended by Mr. Wesley. Thomas Coke, D. D., and\\nFrancis Asbury were elected bishops or superintendents.\\nIn 1786, Robert Sparks and Robert Cann were appointed\\npastors in Trenton.\\nIn 1787, Ezekiel Cooper and Nathaniel B. Mills, and in 1788,\\nJohn Merrick, Thomas Morrell, and Jethro Johnson, were", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. no\\nStationed here. In 1789, they were removed, and Joseph Crom-\\nwell and Richard Swain were appointed. In 1790, Simon Pile\\nand Aaron Hutchinson were appointed by Conference. In 1791,\\nRobert Cann and Robert Hutchinson. In 1792, Gamaliel\\nBailey and Daniel Freeman, In 1793, Robert Sparks and Isaac\\nRobinson. In 1794, John Fountain and Robert McCoy. In\\n1795, John Ragan and Joshua Taylor. In 1796, David Bartine\\nand Roger Benton. In 1797, Richard Swain and Ephraim\\nChambers. In 179S, Caleb Kendall and Joseph Lovell. In\\n1799, Solomon Sharpe and Jesse Justice. In 1800, Robert\\nSparks and Henry Clarke.\\nIn 1800 Richard Whatcoat was added to the Bench of Bishops.\\nIn 1801, Freehold was added to Trenton circuit, and David\\nBartine, Joseph Osborn, and William Brandon were the\\npreachers in charge. In 1802, New Jersey was transferred from\\nthe General to the Philadelphia Conference, and Anthony\\nTurck and John Walker were appointed to Trenton station. In\\nthis year Freehold was set off from Trenton circuit. In 1803,\\nWilliam Mills and Gamaliel Bailey were appointed preachers in\\nTrenton. In 1804, Joseph Totten and George Wooley. In\\nBishop Whatcoat died in 1807, and in 180S, William McKendree was\\nelected bishop. The same year Dr. Coke, resigning his bishopric here,\\nremoved to Europe, subject, however, to recall at any time by the General\\nConference or by all the Annual Conferences. On Tuesday, the 3d of May,\\nDr. C. was found dead in his cabin, having started on a voyage to Ceylon to\\nestablish a missionary station there. In 1816, Enoch George and Robert\\nRichard Roberts were added to the bench of bishops. Bishop Asbuiy died\\non Sunday, March 31st, 1816, at the age of seventy-one years. In 182.3, Joshua\\nSoule and Elijah Hedding were elected bishops. Bishop George died at\\nStaunton, Virginia, August 23d, 1828. In 1832, James 0. Andrew and John\\nEmery were added to the Bench of Bishops. In 1835, Thomas A. Morris was\\nadded. William McKendree, the senior bishop, died on the 5th day of March\\nof this year, and John Emery, junior bishop, died on the i6th of December of\\nthe same year. He left his home on the above morning to go to Baltimore on\\nbusiness connected with his office, when he was thrown from his carriage and\\nreceived a wound on his head of which he died on the evening of the same\\nday. In 1836, Beverly Waugh was elected bishop. Bishop Roberts died at\\nhis residence in Indiana, on the 26th of March, 1843. The same year,\\nLeonidas Hamline and Edmund S. Janes were elected bishops.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "I20 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n1805, John Bethel and Samuel Budd. In 1806, William Bishop\\nand Daniel Higbee. In 1807, William McClenahan and P. P.\\nSandford. In 1808, Peter P. Sandford and William Fox. In\\n1809, William Fox and Jacob Hevener. In 1810, Thomas Strat-\\nton and Thomas Neal. In 181 1, William Mills. In 181 2, New\\nBrunswick was added to Trenton station, and the state was again\\ndivided into two districts, and called East and West Jersey,\\nTrenton station being in East Jersey district. The preachers\\nappointed at this session of Conference were Joseph Totten and\\nWilliam Mills. In 1813, Joseph Osborne and John Van Schoick\\nwere appointed. In 1814, John Van Schoick and John Fernon.\\nIn 181 5, John Walker and Thomas Neal. In 181 6, John Rob-\\ninson and Joseph Rusling. In 181 7, Manning Force and Daniel\\nMoore. In 1818, New Brunswick was set off from Trenton cir-\\ncuit, and Alexander McCairre was appointed for Trenton city.\\nIn 1819, James Smith, Sr., was appointed. In 1820, Solomon\\nSharpe. In 1821, Conference added Bloo.msbury to Trenton\\ncity district, and Solomon Sharpe was appointed preacher in\\ncharge of the station. From this time the preachers were\\nstationed for two years. For the years 1822-23, Joseph\\nLybrand was appointed. For 1824-25, John Potts. For\\n1826-27, William Thatcher. In 1828, Joseph Lybrand was\\nagain appointed to this station, but in 1829, having received\\nthe appointment of presiding elder of the East Jersey district,\\nJoseph Holdich was appointed preacher in charge he remained\\nhere two years, when Solomon Higgins was appointed in 1831,\\nand re-appointed in 1832, with Richard W. Petherbridge, super-\\nannuated. In 1833 the Philadelphia Conference met at Newark.\\nThis was the first meeting they ever held in New Jersey. At this\\nsession they appointed for the years 1833-34, Thomas J. Thomp-\\nson, and for 1835-36, James Dandy.\\nIn 1837, New Jersey was set off from the Philadelphia Con-\\nference, and constituted a separate body, under the name of\\nThe New Jersey Conference.\\nThe first appointment made by them for Trenton was for the\\nyears 1837-38, when Anthony Atwood was stationed here. In\\n1839-40, Charles Pitman was appointed. In 1841-42, Charles\\nH. Whitecar. For 1843-4, Daniel P. Kidder. Mr. Kidder", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. I2i\\nremained here but one year, being appointed editor in the\\nMethodist Book Concern. Joseph B. Wakely was appointed to\\nthe unexpired term of Kidder, and served at this station during\\nthe years 1844-45. James Ayars in 1846-47. John S. Porter\\nin 1848-49. Francis A. Morrell in 1850-51. George F. Brown\\nin 1852-53. Richard Vanhorne in 1854. Joseph B. Dobbins,\\n1855. W. E. Perry, 1858. Elwood H. Stokes, 1859. S. Y.\\nMonroe, 1862. J. B. Dobbins, 1864. J. S. Heisler and I. D.\\nKing, 1867. C. S. Vancleve, 1870.\\nIn 1846, some of the members of the Greene Street Church\\nformed a new congregation, who purcliased the Reformed Dutch\\nChurch in Front street. Their first pastor was Clark Policy; he\\npreached here during the years 1846-47. In 1848-49, James\\nTuttle was appointed. In 1850, Rodney Winans; he remained\\nhere but one year; and for the years 1851-52, James O. Rogers.\\nIn 1853-54, Crook S. Vancleve. A. K. Street, 1855. George\\nHughes, 1857. P. Kline, 1858. Charles E. Hill, i860. Isaac\\nWinner, 1862. Jonathan Vannote, 1863. E. H. Durelle,\\n1865. J. Warthman, 1869.\\nIn 1 85 1, during the first year Mr. Rogers was here, the edifice\\nwas completely overhauled and enlarged, the front being\\nextended out to the street and stuccoed, thereby materially\\nimproving the appearance of the same.\\nIn 1852, a church was organized in Union street, in the fourth\\nward, and called, Union Street Methodist Episcopal Church.\\nIn this year, as well as the following, 1853, Benjamin N. Reed\\nwas appointed preacher in charge, and during the year 1852,\\nJohn S. Heisler officiated, and in 1853, Isaiah D. King. In\\n1854, William Franklin. C. Miller, 1855. I. D. King, 1856.\\nJ. R. Burr, 1857. S. Townsend, 1858. W. W. Christine,\\n1859. J. T. Tucker, 1862. W. S. Zane, 1864. G. Dobbins,\\n1865. A. J. Gregory, 1866. J. P. Turpin, 1867. Calvin C.\\nEastlack, 1868. A. M. North, 1870.\\nState Street Church was formed in 1859, their first preacher\\nbeing George W. Bachelder. C. H. Whitecar, 1861. William\\nH. Jefferys, 1863. Thomas Hanlon, 1865. D. W. Bartine,\\n1867. W. H. Pearne, 1870.\\nThe following have been the preachers of Warren Street\\nL", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "J 22 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nChurch: C. Hartranfft, i860. D. Moore, 1861. A. M. North,\\n1862. Henry Belting, 1864. J. P. Turpin, 1865. J. S. Heis-\\nler, 1866. R. S. Sutcliff, 1867. J. R. Westwood, 1870.\\nThe following have been the preachers of the Central Church\\nE. H. Stokes, 1864. Elwood Stokes, 1866. W. E. Perry,\\n1867. Richard Thorn, 1869.\\nThe following have been the preachers of the Trinity M. E.\\nChurch: B. S. Sharp, 1866. R. V. Lawrence, 1869.\\nThis congregation built a frame church in Academy street,\\nstyled the plank church, which is now occupied as an armory by\\nthe Emmett Guards. They worshipped in this church until the\\nerection of their handsome building in Perry street, in 1870.\\nThe First Baptist Church was organized on the 9th day of\\nNovember, 1805, with forty-eight members, and resulted from\\nthe labors of the Rev. Peter Wilson, then pastor of the Baptist\\nChurch at Hightstown, who began preaching in what is now the\\nsixth ward in 1787, and administered the ordinance of baptism\\nin the Delaware river for the first time, on the 4th of March,\\n1788. The first Baptist meeting-house was built where the\\npresent house now stands, corner of Centre and Bridge streets,\\nand was dedicated on the 26th of November, 1803, sermon by\\nRev. William Stoughton, D. D., of Philadelphia. Text, i.\\nKings, viii., 27.\\nThe first regular pastor of the church was Rev. William Bos-\\nwell, who was ordained in May, 1809. Mr. Boswell labored\\nvery faithfully and successfully until 1823, when, having embraced\\nsome views at variance with those usually held by Baptists, he\\nwent out with sixty members of the church, and built the house\\nnow occupied and owned by the Second Presbyterian Church on\\nUnion street. The notification of their withdrawal, as sent to\\nthe church, bears date July 5th, 1823.\\nThis new organization they called The Reformed General\\nBaptist Church. They differed from the old church only in a\\nfew non-essential particulars, the mode of the administration of\\nbaptism and communion being the principal ones. They com-\\nmenced the erection of their church edifice the latter part of\\nJuly, 1823, and in eleven weeks from its commencement the\\nnew, structure was completed. The building was fifty-four by", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. li^j\\nforty feet, and finished in a neat and plain style. The church was\\ndedicated to the worship of God on the 19th of October, 1823.\\nThe exercises of devotion were commenced with prayer by the\\nRev. Isaac James, a clergyman of the Methodist persuasion. The\\nRev. Thomas Borinig preached a sermon adapted to the occasion\\nfrom Haggai, ii. chap., 7, 8, 9 verses: And I will shake all\\nNations, and the desire of all Nations shall come and I will fill\\nthis House with Glory, saith the Lord of Hosts. The silver is\\nmine and the gold is mine, saith the Lord of Hosts. The Glory\\nof the Latter House shall be greater than of the former, saith the\\nLord of Hosts, and in this place will I give Peace, saith the\\nLord of Hosts.\\nThe Rev. Mr. Boswell was settled here at once, and continued\\nto preach for them until his death, which occurred on the loth\\nof June, 1833. After his death the Rev. Mr. Wilson preached\\nthere, and after his dismissal, which occurred a short time after,\\nthe church was closed until 1842, when it was purchased and\\nfitted up for a Presbyterian church, for which purpose it is still\\niused.\\nRev. George Patterson became pastor of the First Baptist\\nChurch in January, 1826, and closed his labors in March, 1828.\\nRev. Morgan J. Rhees became pastor in April, 1830, and\\ncontinued as such till November, 1840.\\nLuther F. Beecher was ordained pastor in October, 1841, and\\ncontinued as such for one year.\\nRev. John Young became pastor in February, 1843, con-\\ntinued to the 15th of August of the same year, when he resigned,\\nand with one hundred and twenty-three others formed what was\\nthen called the Second Baptist Church, and built the house now-\\noccupied by the Central Baptist Church of this city.\\nRev. Levi G. Beck became pastor in February, 1844, and\\nresigned in October, 1849.\\nRev. Henry K. Green became pastor January ist, 1850, and\\nresigned January ist, 1853.\\nRev. Duncan Dunbar became pastor in March, 1853, and\\nresigned No\\\\ ember, 1854.\\nRev. Lewis Smith became pastor in December, 1854, and\\nresigned December ist, 1857.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "124\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nRev. O. T. Walker became pastor October ist, 1858, and\\nresigned September ist, 1863.\\nRev. D. Henry Miller became pastor in December, 1863, and\\nresigned October 6th, 1867.\\nMr. Miller was succeeded by the present pastor. Rev. George\\nW. Lasher, April ist, 1868.\\nThe corner-stone of the present church edifice was laid on\\nthe 28th of July, 1859, the services consisting of prayer by Rev.\\nMr. Newlin, of Bordentown address by Rev. John Dowling,\\nD. D., of New York; remarks by Rev. Reuben Jeffrey, D. D.,\\nof Philadelphia hymn read by Rev. A. D. White, of the Second\\nPresbyterian Church remarks by Rev. W. E. Perry, of the M.\\nE. Church, Rev. Lewis Smith, of Hightstown, and F. S. Mills,\\nEsq., of this city; box deposited in corner-stone by Rev. Dr.\\nDowling benediction by Rev. Dr. Street, of the M. E. Church.\\nIn the box deposited in the corner-stone, were placed each of\\nthe daily papers of Trenton; Philadelphia Christian Chroni-\\ncle; New York Chronicle; the Examiner; Watchman\\nand Reflector; Christian Secretary; Young Reaper;\\nNew Testament; Philadelphia Public Ledger; statistics of\\nthe Baptist denomination in the United States date of the\\norganization of the church names of pastors of the church\\nchurch covenant annual report of the American Baptist Pub-\\nlication Society minutes of New Jersey Baptist State Conven-\\ntion minutes of the West New Jersey Baptist Association\\nrecords of church relative to the building names of his excel-\\nlency the governor, and the executive officers of the state; name\\nof the Chief Justice of the state name of the president of the\\nUnited States notice of George Washington and the battle of\\nTrenton several small coins of the year 1859 names of officers\\nof the New Jersey Lunatic Asylum; names of trustees and prin-\\ncipal of State Normal School; American Baptist Missionary\\nMagazine; Baptist Family Magazine; Macedonian;\\nnames of the officers and members of the church date of\\nlaying the corner-stone, with names of deacons, trustees, build-\\ning committee, master builder, chorister, and sexton cards of\\nthe architect family record of the gentleman who presented\\nthe box.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n125\\nThe church edifice was dedicated in August, i860, on which\\noccasion sermons were preached by Rev. Thomas Armitage,\\nD. D., of New York, Rev. Lewis Smith, of Hightstown, and\\nRev. D. Henry Miller, of Meriden, Connecticut.\\nThere are upon the floor of the church one hundred and forty-\\nsix pews, with a seating capacity of seven hundred and forty\\ngrown persons. In the galleries there are forty-eight pews,\\ncapable of seating two hundred and forty grown persons, and\\nabout thirty more may be seated in the orchestra, making a total\\nof one hundred and ninety-four pews and the entire seating\\ncapacity of the house one thousand and ten, and when children\\nare interspersed it often contains twelve to thirteen hundred\\npersons.\\nThe church was originally known as The Trenton and Lam-\\nberton Baptist Church, but in 1861, by act of the legislature,\\nthe name was changed to The First Baptist Church of Tren-\\nton.\\nThe property owned by the church is the following church\\nedifice, and chapel beside it, with cemetery c., on Centre\\nstreet, valued at forty thousand dollars.\\nThe chapel in Hamilton was erected in 1868-69, and opened\\nMay 23d, 1869. The lots and chapel building corner of James\\nand Annie streets, Hamilton, are valued at two thousand five\\nhundred dollars.\\nThe chapel in the sixth ward was erected in 1870-71, and\\ndedicated March 19th, 1871. The ^lot and chapel on Second\\nstreet, sixth ward, are valued at two thousand dollats. Total\\nforty-four thousand five hundred dollars.\\nThe present officers of the church are the followillg Rev.\\nGeorge W. Lasher, pastor; James Howell, Daniel B. Coleman,\\nEnos Bowne, William Johnson, William W. Mershon,: George\\nParker, Francis R. Lee, deacons William Johnson, Joshua S.\\nDay, William L Vannest, Isaac C. Gearhart, William Lee, Caleb\\nColeman, William Whitehead, trustees; Daniel B. Coleman,\\ntreasurer; Gershom M. Howell, clerk.\\nThere have been baptized into the fellowship of the ehurch\\nsince its origin, one thousand three hundred and fifteen persons.\\nIts present mimbership is seven hundred and sixty-onis. i i^\\nL*", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "1.26: HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nThe church at the present time sustains four distinct Sabbath-\\nschools. The first holding two sessions per Sabbath in the\\nchapel on Centre street, with an aggregate of seven hundred\\nand fifty scholars. The second in the sixth ward chapel, with\\none hundred and twenty children. The third in Manning s\\nbuilding, on State street, with sixty scholars. The fourth in the\\nchapel in Hamilton, with one hundred and eighty scholars,\\nmaking a total of more than one thousand one hundred scholars.\\nThe Central is not the second Baptist church of Trenton, but\\nthe fifth in number of those called Baptist, including the Tren-\\nton and Lamberton, which being the oldest has become the first\\nby the annexation of the village in which it was located to the\\ncity. In 1823, the heresy of a pastor of that church resulted in\\nhis removal, and with him a colony that took the name of the\\nSecond Baptist Church. They were not, however, recognized as\\nsuch by the denomination, nor received into the sisterhood of\\nBaptist churches. The house of worship in Union street now\\nowned by the Presbyterians, built by them, proved to be their\\ncradle and their coffin. Another pastor of the Trenton and\\nLamberton church withdrew with eighty-five members in 1843.\\nThese organized as the Second Baptist Church, and were so\\nreceived into the denominational family. They built the church\\nedifice that formerly stood upon this site. Previous suspicions\\nthat the minister who caused the separation was not a regular\\nBaptist minister ere long resolved themselves into the sad reality\\nof truth. Whereupon the church broke into three parts. One\\nreturned to the old fold another clung to their place of worship,\\nand the third formed themselves into The Trinity Baptist\\nChurch, and met in Temperance Hall. Nearly all of this last\\nbody was subsequently absorbed in The Central Church,\\nwhich is thus the third Baptist church that has been identified\\nwith this site, and the fifth in the city in the date of its organi-\\nzation.\\nThe Central Baptist Church of Trenton owes its existence to\\nNew Jersey Baptists. The State Convention gave it birth, and\\nis its mother. The interposition of the State Convention, both\\nas respects its results and its cause, was providential. It termin-\\nated the disputes and. divisions with which Baptists in the state", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n127\\ncapital wasted their strength. The Second Church being broken\\nin fragments, its house of worship, bought and nearly paid for with\\nthe moneys of the denomination, was likely to be lost to them.\\nInformed of the facts, the State Convention obtained posses-\\nsion of the property for the use of a Baptist church in the city.*\\nJudge P. P. Runyan, of New Brunswick, and D. M. Wilson\\nand J. M. Davies, of Newark, were appointed trustees. These\\nbrethren paid off the floating debt of several hundred dollars\\nalso the cost of repairs until the present church was constituted,\\nto the trustees of which they transferred the property about 1864.\\nAlready has the seed sown yielded fruit. The children and\\ngrand-children of Judge Runyan, who, with the two other trus-\\ntees, bore so cheerfully the responsibilities of this enterprise upon\\nboth his heart and his purse, make this their spiritual home, and\\nhere some of the second generation have found a gracious Saviour.\\nSuccessive steps followed the first action of the convention, until\\non the 30th of April, 1854, twenty-nine persons organized them-\\nselves as the Central Baptist Church of Trenton. These were\\nRev. J. T. Wilcox and wife, Mr. and Mrs. V. Nesbit, Mrs. S.\\nBooze, Mrs. C. Finehout, Mrs. S. Biles, Mr. and Mrs. Ezekiel\\nReed, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Case, A. J. Byram, Mrs. Wm. Past,\\nMiss U. L. Boss, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Trimmer, Mr. and Mrs.\\nWm. McKee, Mrs. I. Drips, Mr. and Mrs. I. D. Randolph, Mr.\\nand Mrs. N. Holmes, Mrs. H. Gorden, Mrs. E, Warner, Mrs.\\nB. Jones, Miss P. Elvis, Mrs. L. Price, Mr. R. F. Randolph,\\nMr. and Mrs. J. Q. Carman, Sr.f On the loth of May follow-\\ning, a council representing Baptist churches publicly recognized\\nthem as in the fellowship of the denomination. Joseph Case\\nand E. Reed had been chosen deacons, and J. Trimmer, clerk.\\nThe Rev. Mr. Wilcox, missionary of the State Convention,\\nA marked feature in the operations of the New Jersey Convention, retaiij.-\\ning to Baptists church edifices that otherwise would be lost from them, has\\nso far attended with the most happy results.\\nf Fifteen were from the Trinity, two from Trenton and Lamberton, and\\ntwelve from other churches.\\nFrom a discourse delivered by Rev. T. S. Griffith to his congregation,\\nMay I2th, 1867.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "128 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\ncame to Trenton in October, 1853. His resignation took effect\\nMarch 21st, 1858.\\nThe Rev. L. Wright, the choice of both pastor and people,\\nhad already accepted the bishopric of the church, and com-\\nmenced his duties early in the following May.\\nThe house of worship was, in this pastorate, brought more in\\nharmony with the nineteenth century, at the cost of one thousand\\ntwo hundred dollars. To the regret of all, and leaving a cherished\\nmemory, brother Wright resigned in October, 1859.\\nThe Rev. Mr. Darrow succeeded him on the next Sunday,\\nNovember ist. After the lapse of one year and nine months,\\nMr. Darrow accepted a chaplaincy in the army and retired from\\nhis pulpit.\\nRev. T. R. Howlet began his labors August ist, 1861.\\nFrom the ist of February until the ist of December, 1863, the\\nAock was without a shepherd.\\nThe usual result of a vacation of the pastoral office followed.\\nThe membership was reduced, the congregation scattered, and\\n.at the last mentioned date, of the one hundred and seventy-three\\nnames on the register, forty had passed from the knowledge of\\nthe church, and since then have been either found and dismissed,\\nor else excluded. In this interim, the rebuilding of the present\\nhouse was begun and nearly completed. Its capacity was almost\\ndoubled, and little else remains of the former structure save a\\npart of the old walls. The improvements cost eight thousand\\nfive hundred dollars, all of which not previously paid was pro-\\nvided for on the day of rededication, March 3d, 1864.\\nSince Mr. Griffith s pastorship in December, 1863, two hun-\\ndred and fifty-three persons were added to the church, and\\nof these one hundred and sixty-seven have been baptised.\\nThe membership numbers now three hundred and fifty-eight.\\nThere are in the church twenty-seven households of baptised\\nhelievers; seventy-one members are respectively under the ages\\nof twenty-one and eighteen the youngest member is eight years\\ni)ld, and the oldest eighty-one.\\nTen years ago a minute authorizes the treasurer to pay the\\ntrifling sum of =a few dollars for expenses of ministerial help in a\\nrevival that year. In 1867, a minute shows five hundred dollars", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON,\\n129\\npaid for such aid. The receipts into the treasury for the quarter\\nin 1857 were probably two hundred dollars; in the correspond-\\ning quarter for 1867 they were one thousand two hundred dol-\\nlars. A parallel of other interests would exhibit similar results\\nand indicate the growth of one decade.\\nThe benevolence of the church has had a continuous growth.\\nIn all its history, there is no year but that it is credited in the\\nminutes of the convention with contributions. Seventeen dol-\\nlars was the sum of the first annual gifts. Those of this year are\\none thousand three hundred and fifteen dollars. In all, four\\nthousand one hundred and thirty dollars has been contributed\\nabroad a sum but little less than that expended by the Conven-\\ntion to originate and sustain the church, which was five thousand\\nand fifty-three dollars.\\nThe Sunday-school has always been a preferred department of\\nlabor among us. The home school was established in 1853, with\\ntwelve teachers, eighty scholars, and the pastor for superin-\\ntendent.\\nThere has been added in all to the church from the Sunday-\\nschool, one hundred and twenty-three.\\nThe Home school reports three hundred and seventy-one\\nmembers one hundred and thirty of them are baptised believers.\\nThe revival has recently added thirty-seven baptized disciples to\\nthe school.\\nThe pastor gave up the charge of the Home school to Mr. D.\\nP. Forst, who filled the office of superintendent for five years,\\nand was succeeded in January, 1861, by Mr. J. E. Darrah, the\\npresent superintendent, who, with the exception of nine months\\nduring which Mr. William Stickney held the office, has con-\\ntinued in the discharge of its duties.\\nMr. L. Cheeseman, librarian, has occupied the position for\\neleven years.\\nA mission-school was established in i860, in the northwestern\\npart of the city by Mr. Collins, who was its first superintendent.\\nMr. Forst, the present superintendent, has discharged the duties\\nof the office four years. The school has been the means of good\\nto many and is growing in numbers and usefulness. There are\\none hundred and ten names on the register. Two other mission", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "I30\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nschools have been organized, one in the new chapel, Perry street,\\nwith Mr. T. C, Hill as superintendent; the other in East Tren-\\nton, with Mr. H. B. Green as superintendent.\\nThe rebuilding of the house of worship was a great undertak-\\ning for so feeble a folk. But invigorated by the expenditure and\\nenriched in faith by its fruits, that enterprise was no sooner com-\\npleted than other projects for church extension were taken\\nhold of. In 1865, lots were purchased for mission purposes. A\\nparsonage was bought in 1866, and the mission chapel erected\\nand opened for public service the same year.\\nThe officers of the church are T. S. Griffith, pastor E.\\nCheeseman, D. P. Forst, William McKee, A. J. Byram, T. C.\\nHill, deacons C. B. Vansyckel, A. Jameson, A. J. Byram, R.\\nM. Wilkinson, T. C. Hill, William McKee, D. P. Forst, trus-\\ntees, of whom T. C. Hill and D. P. Forst were members of the\\nfirst board of trustees chosen by the church; James Buchanan,\\nclerk L. Cheeseman, treasurer.\\nBefore the year 1850, efforts were made to organize the Ger-\\nman Protestants in and around Trenton into a congregation;\\nbut partly the small number of German families, and partly the\\nincompetency of the men undertaking such a work, were the\\ncauses of repeated failures. Early in the year 185 1, commis-\\nsioned by the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Pennsylvania, Rev.\\nA- J. Geissenhaimer, who was living at that time in New York\\ncity, came at regular intervals to Trenton, to preach the word of\\nGod to the Germans in their own language, and to administer\\nto them the Holy Sacraments. The meetings were held in a\\npublic hall, and the interest in this good work was increasing, so\\nthat Rev. Mr. Geissenhaimer found it necessary to move his\\nfamily to our city, to be enabled to devote his whole time and\\nenergy to the spiritual welfare of the small flock. As the mem-\\nbers of this new organization were too few and their means too\\nsmall to build or to buy a church, their faithful pastor, with his\\nown money, bought a suitable property on Broad street, in the\\nspring of 1852, and during the following summer erected on it a\\nneat brick church, with the understanding that as soon as the\\ncongregation would refund him the expended money, he would\\ngive them a deed and clear title to the property.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF. TRENTON. I3^r.\\nThe location of the church is not only very favorable to the\\nmuch scattered congregation, being as much central as possible,-\\nbut the selection of this property was also very judicious, as there\\nare historical reminiscences connected with it. On this lot is a\\nsmall frame house, still well preserved, now used as the parson-\\nage, which stood during the revolution and was then owned by\\nCaptain Alexander Douglass.\\nThere it was, in a small front room of this humble mansion,\\nthat General St. Clair had his quarters after the American army\\nhad recrossed on the east side of the Delaware during the week\\nafter the Hessians were taken in Trenton, on the 26th of Decem-\\nber, 1776. General Washington s headquarters, it is said, were\\nat Mrs. Richmond s, or at a hotel near the old stone mill, but\\non the day of the fight at the Assanpink bridge, Thursday, Jan-\\nuary 2d, 1777, they were too near it to be tenable, and this pro-\\nbably was the reason why General St. Clair s room was used as\\na headquarters on this memorable night. It was here that the\\ncelebrated counsel of war was held, which was to decide the fate-\\nof our struggle for independence. At that counsel Washington\\npresided, and Greene, Sullivan, Mercer, Knox, St. Clair, Stevens,-\\nDickinson, Cadwallader, Mifflin, Wilkinson, Stark, and other\\nofficers assisted.\\nOn the lot next to the above described house stands the small\\nbrick church, built in the Gothic style thirty-three feet wide, and\\nsixty feet deep, with a tower and steeple in front. The church\\nhad sixty-two pews, and could seat two hundred and seventy\\npersons. The building was finished in the fall of 1852, and\\ndedicated on the 31st day of October in the same year this\\nbeing the three hundred and thirty-fifth anniversary day of the\\nreformation. In the following spring a small frame school-\\nhouse, eighteen by thirty-three feet, was built against the rear\\nend of the church, where the Sunday-school, and, for several\\nyears, week-day-school was held.\\nThus this little flock was provided with a house of worship,,\\nand with a place where their children were brought to the\\nknowledge of Jesus.\\nThe happy effects of this work were soon visible, for not only\\ndid the number of members increase, but it was also found.", "height": "3160", "width": "1956", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "132\\nmSTOR V OF TRENTON:\\ndesirable to have preaching in both the German and English\\nlanguages. The increased immigration of Germans into Trenton,\\nand the proportionate growth of that part of the congregation,\\nmade it necessary to devote to the Germans the whole time on\\nSundays and with the consent and advice of Rev. Mr. Geissen-\\nhaimer, they organized themselves into a separate and entirely Ger-\\nman congregation, and were incorporated in the year 1856, under\\nthe name and title of the German Evangelical Lutheran Trinity\\nChurch. A call was given to and accepted by Rev. G. F. Gard-\\nner, and on November 23d, 1856, he preached his introductory\\nsermon, (text: i Cor., ii., i, 2), in Temperance hall, where from\\nhenceforth the Germans held their meetings, whilst the English\\nportion continued to meet in the church on Broad street.\\nIn the spring of 1857, Rev. A. T. Geissenhaimer received and\\naccepted a call from a congregation in a neighboring city, where-\\nupon the German congregation bought from him the church,\\nproperty at cost price, viz., five thousand five hundred dollars,,\\nand took possession of it in April, 1857. This newly assumed\\ndebt, and the general stagnation of all kinds of business through-\\nout our whole country at that time, made this a year of great\\ntrials for the yet small and poor congregation, but with the help\\nof God and the kind assistance from sympathising friends in\\nTrenton and abroad, these difficulties were gradually overcome.\\nWith the revival of business, new confidence came into the hearts\\nof the congregation, and it was especially encouraging to see the\\nSunday-school increase from week to week, so that it became\\nnecessary to enlarge the school-house during the year i860.\\nThe church, which at first was thought to be large enough\\nfor many years to come, proved to be too small, and in the\\nyear 1865, side galleries were put in, to accommodate with seats\\nall those persons who came to hear the gospel preached. The\\nchurch, thus enlarged, and with some extra seats put up, will\\nhold now about five hundred persons. In the same year a small\\nlot, fronting on Cooper street, was purchased, so that the whole\\nchurch property now extends from Broad to Cooper street, two\\nhundred feet deep by sixty feet wide, and soon after this pur-\\nchase the corner-stone for a large two-story school-house was\\nlaid. The new building, fifty feet front on Cooper street, by", "height": "3160", "width": "1912", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n133\\nthirty-six feet deep, was finished by New Year, 1866, and dedi-\\ncated on the following Sunday. On the first floor is a large\\nschool room, where upwards of ninety scholars can be seated,\\nbesides the dwelling, consisting of three rooms, for the sexton.\\nThe second floor has but one room, which, by folding doors, can\\nbe partitioned off into two rooms. The lower school room, on\\nweek days, is occupied by the German and English school, num-\\nbering between ninety and one hundred scholars, and on Sun-\\ndays by the infant class. The upper room is used by the larger\\nclasses of the Sunday-school, and during the week evening ser-\\nvices are held here.\\nThe congregation, in the space of eighteen years, has grown\\nfrom about thirty families to almost three hundred, and the\\nSunday-school has at present three hundred and fifty scholars,\\nwith thirty-two teachers. Rev. George F. Gardner is the present\\npastor of the congregation.\\nThe following gentlemen compose the vestry John J. Strasser,\\nPeter Hartmann, and Jacob Young, trustees Charles Voelkert,\\nFrederick Beckmann, Peter Weber, Frederick Rustow, Charles\\nOerkvitz, Andrew Ritter, John Padderatz, John Wagner, and\\nFrederick Fritz, deacons; Charles Lebtien, secretary; Chris-\\ntopher Kuhn, guardian of the poor.\\nThere are two societies connected with this church, the one\\ncomposed of male members, the other of female members of the\\ncongregation, known by the name of the Gustavus Adolphus\\nAssociation. The former was organized on the 26th day of\\nSeptember, 1863, and has now fifty-nine members. The latter\\nwas organized on March 20th, 1864, and has at present sixty-\\nfive members. The object of these societies is not only mutual\\nassistance in case of sickness or death, but general benevo-\\nlence, and the advancement of the welfare of the congregation.\\nThe timely assistance given during the past years, and their\\ndonations to the church, are the proud records of the past and\\nthe healthy state of tlieir finances, the harmony among the mem-\\nbers, and the constant additions that are made to their number,\\naugur a prosperous future for these societies.\\nIn the month of January, 1871, a sweet-toned bell of seven\\nhundred pounds weight was put in the tower, to call the mem-", "height": "3160", "width": "1912", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "134\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON:\\nbers of the church to divine service, to give, as the inscription\\non the bell says, Glory to God in the highest.\\nOn the 5th of December, 1777, Isaac Collins started a weekly\\nnewspaper at Burlington, called the New Jersey Gazette, and\\non the 4th of March of the following year he removed it to this\\ncity, and established his office at the corner of Queen and\\nSecond streets (now Greene and State streets), and at present\\noccupied by Charles Scott, as a book-store.\\nIt was in the building occupied by Mr. Collins as a printing\\noffice that the first Catholic services were held, in 1804, by a\\nmissionary of the church. The subject of his discourse was,\\nThe devotions of the Blessed Virgin, explaining the Ave\\nMaria.\\nWe have no further account of any effort being made to\\nestablish the church until the year 181 1, when Father Carr, the\\npriest of Saint Augustine s Church, Philadelphia, and Father\\nHurley, officiated at the residence of Mr. John D. Sartori, in\\nFederal street, in the frame building now used by the New\\nJersey Steel and Iron Company as an office. In 181 3, Father\\nHarold, of Philadelphia, an able and eloquent preacher, offici-\\nated in the same place.\\nThe Catholics increasing in numbers, about the year 1814,\\nthrough the influence of Mr. Sartori, and other gentlemen con-\\nnected with the congregation, they purchased the lot on the\\ncorner of Lamberton and Market streets, and erected the present\\nbrick edifice thereon, which, with the grave-yard, was dedicated\\nto the services of the church the same year, by the Rt. Rev.\\nMichael Eagan, Bishop of Philadelphia.\\nThey continued to worship in this building until, in conse-\\nquence of their large increase of numbers, they found it entirely\\ntoo small, and were obliged to seek better accommodations,\\nand, in the year 1846, they erected their present handsome\\nchurch on Broad street. This church is handsomely finished,\\nbuilt of brick, and stuccoed. It has a handsome, fine-toned\\norgan.\\nIn 1853, they found it necessary, for want of room, to enlarge\\nthis building; consequently, the wing in the rear was added,", "height": "3160", "width": "1912", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n135\\nmaterially improving its appearance, as well as allowing them\\nthe additional room needed.\\nDuring the early history of the church in this city, they had\\nno regularly settled pastor, but received supplies from New York,\\nPhiladelphia, and Baltimore.\\nIn 1828, Rev. James Smith officiated, after which Fathers\\nDoyle, Whalen, and Comnissky supplied the pulpit. Their first\\nresident pastor was Father Geaghen. His health failing, obliged\\nhim to give up the charge, and Rev. Patrick Rafferty came here\\nin 1832. He resided in Front street, near Warren.\\nHe was succeeded by Rev. William Whealen, in 1833. Sep-\\ntember, 1834, Rev. William Reilly; he remained but a short\\ntime, and was succeeded in the same year by Rev. Patrick\\nCostello. In 1835, Richard Hardy. June, 1837, Rev. Daniel\\nMcGorian. November, 1839, Rev. John Charles Gilligan. He\\nwas succeeded in 1844, by Rev. John P. Makin. Father Makin s\\nhealth failing, he was obliged to suspend preaching and to travel,\\nduring which time the ^church was supplied by Fathers O Don-\\nnell and Young.\\nOn the 20th of May, 1861, Father Anthony Sm.ith came here\\nand took charge of the parish, and remained in charge of Saint\\nJohn s until the return of Father Makin, and the formation of\\nSaint Mary s parish, January ist, 1871, when he took charge of\\nthe church, and Father Makin was again appointed to take\\ncharge of Saint John s Church.\\nIn 1853, Rt. Rev. Bishop Rosevelt Bailey was appointed\\nBishop of Newark and Trenton, which formerly belonged to the\\nDiocese of Philadelphia, and was attached to the Diocese of\\nNewark.\\nBishop Kendrick, of Philadelphia, and his brother, now\\nBishop of St. Louis, and Archbishop Hughes, of New York,\\nhave on several occasions officiated here, in Saint John s Church.\\nThe church on Broad street was built in 1848, and enlarged\\nby building the addition on the west end, in 1856.\\nIn 1862, the sisters bought the handsome property on Broad\\nstreet, and fitted it up for the education of orphans. The con-\\ngregation increasing rapidly in numbers, in 1865, in order to", "height": "3160", "width": "1912", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "136\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\ngive them better accommodations, the property where Saint\\nMary s Church is now built was purchased.\\nIn 1868, they purchased the property on Bank street, from\\nMr. McCuIly, and in 1870 built the parochial school, in the rear\\nof the church.\\nThe parishes were divided January ist, 1871, the Assanpink\\ncreek being the dividing line Saint John s south of the creek,\\nand Saint Mary s north of it.\\nThe solemn ceremony of dedication of St. Mary s Church\\ntook place on Sunday, January ist, 1871, and was performed by\\nthe Rt. Rev. James R. Bailey, Bishop of Newark, assisted by a\\nlarge number of clergymen. The exercises were conducted with\\nall the solemnity and impressiveness that characterize Catholic\\nceremonies.\\nAt ten and a half o clock a procession was formed, consisting\\nof the bishop, clergy, and acolyths, who made the circuit of the\\nchurch outside and inside, singing the litany of the saints and\\nappropriate psalms, and sprinkling the walls with holy water,\\nafter which a pontifical high mass was sung, at which the follow-\\ning priests assisted: Celebrant Bishop Bailey, D. D., minister\\nassistant Dr. Carrigan, V. G. of the Diocese first deacon\\nassistant. Father Makin, of this city; second deacon assistant,\\nFather Kirwin, of Burlington first deacon of the mass. Father\\nLesen, O. M. C, of Syracuse, New York second deacon of the\\nmass. Father Peter, O. M. C, of this city; master of cere-\\nmonies, Father Young, of New York.\\nSeveral other clergymen occupied seats in the chancel. The\\nvestments worn on the occasion were very handsome and valu-\\nable. The set is complete, and was manufactured in Marseilles,\\nFrance, and presented by the Rosary Society.\\nRev. William Clark, D. D., S. J., of Baltimore, preached the\\ndedication sermon, and it was a masterly efi ort.\\nThe presence of so many clergymen at the altar, the brilliancy\\nof the numerous lights upon it, the glitter of the rich vestments,\\nand the swinging of censers amid the smoke of incense, com-\\nbined to make up a striking tableaux, which could not fail to\\nimpress every beholder. Among those within the chancel rail", "height": "3160", "width": "1912", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n137\\nwere Father Gehering, O. M. C, and Father Leonard, of Bor-\\ndentown.\\nThis church is built on historic ground. It was in its imme-\\ndiate locality that some of the severest fighting of the battle of\\nTrenton took place, which culminated in the capture of the\\nentire Hessian army. On the very spot where it stands, the old\\nCity hotel formerly stood, which was the headquarters of Colonel\\nRahl, the Hessian commander,* and it was in the vicinity where\\nthis hotel afterwards stood, that he was shot and mortally\\nwounded, while endeavoring to rally his men, in order to stop\\nthe advance of the patriot Americans, on the morning of the\\never memorable 26th of December, 1776.\\nAs a writer in one of our daily papers appropriately says\\nTimes have changed Where tipplers were wont to assemble\\nand indulge habits of intemperance, where the clash of arms and\\nthe roar of battle was heard, and where the blood of patriots\\nflowed freely, a noble church has been erected, upon whose\\naltars the unbloody sacrifice of the new law will be offered\\ndaily, and the prayers of the faithful will ascend from within its\\nsacred walls, as the incense to the Throne of the Most High, to\\ninvoke His blessings and to appease His anger; and in due time\\na stately spire will point heavenward, holding aloft the emblem\\nof salvation.\\nGround was broken for the church on the 23d of April, 1866,\\nand on the 15th of the following July, the corner-stone was laid\\nby Bishop Bayley, with appropriate ceremonies, and on the ist\\nof January, 187 1, the church was dedicated to the service of\\nAlmighty God.\\nThe length of the church is one hundred and sixty feet, width\\nsixty-six feet, and fifty-eight feet in the clear, height of the roof\\neighty feet; the height of the ceiling in the nave is fifty-four feet;\\nover the side aisles it is thirty feet, the whole resting upon four-\\nteen massive columns with foliated capitals. The spire will be\\nabout two hundred feet high. The edifice is built of stone, in\\nthe Gothic style of architecture, with an ornamental slated roof\\nFather Smith has preserved a part of the foundation wall, which is in\\nfront of the church, at the southern door of entrance, under the flagging.\\nM*", "height": "3160", "width": "1912", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "138 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nhaving two pitches. In the front, just above a large and hand-\\nsome window, there is a fine das re/t e/ of the Papal coat of arms.\\nOn entering the sacred edifice one is struck with admiration\\nat the splendor and magnificence that greet the eye on every\\nside. In front is the high altar, with its das reliefs, statuary,\\ncrocketted gables, pinnacles, and finial crosses. Behind this is\\nthe chancel window, with its admirable grouping of figures and\\nblending of colors, illustrating a heavenly scene, and showing to\\ngreat advantage the beauty of form and grace of outline of the\\nnumerous pinnacles and other ornaments of the altar. Above is\\nthe frescoed and vaulted ceiling, reminding one of the star-\\ngemmed canopy of night, with its countless stars. On the walls\\nof the nave the life of the Blessed Virgin is pictured by the brush\\nof the artist, and between the windows, the sufferings and death\\nof our Divine Lord are represented upon canvass with such clear-\\nness as to bring vividly before the mind the scenes that were\\nenacted upon Calvary over eighteen centuries ago. Let the eye\\nwander wherever it may it will fall upon some object calculated\\nto raise the mind above the affairs of this world, and direct it to\\nthe contemplation of heavenly things. In such an edifice one\\nfeels that he is really in a Christian church, and not in a public\\nhall.\\nThe ceiling, which is arched and groined, is painted of a deep\\nlapsis lazuli blue, studded over with gold and silver stars. The\\nribbed arches that support it and traverse it in every direction\\nare of a rich cream color, the edge and elevated portions of\\nwhich are in many places covered with golden tracery. The\\ndark blue shade of the ceiling, relieved by the lighter coloring\\nof the ribs or bows, throw but with beautiful effect the surround-\\ning paintings. In the nave there are eighteen large panels, each\\nof which is intended to contain a memorial picture. These\\npictures are the gifts of liberal members of Saint John s parish,\\nand the societies attached thereto. They represent scenes con-\\nnected with the life of the Blessed Virgin from her conception\\nto her death. Beginning at the right of the altar, and turning\\ntoward the front entrance, we will name them in the order in\\nwhich they occur, giving also the names of the donors as far as\\nascertained.", "height": "3160", "width": "1912", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n139\\nThe Annunciation to Saint Joakin. From Francis L. and\\nJohn Demmer.\\nThe Welcome of Saint Anne. From Catherine and Robert\\nWilson.\\nThe Nativity of the Blessed Virgin. From Julia and John\\nCahill.\\nThe Presentation in the Temple. From Ann and Edward\\nCawley.\\nThe Annunciation of the Angel Gabriel, when an ambassador\\nfrom the King of Kings saluted the humble Virgin with the\\nwords, Hail! full of Grace! From Miss Marie Melica\\nHargous.\\nThe Marriage of Joseph and Mary. From Bridget and Ann\\nDonohoe.\\nThe Visitation. From Louis Hargous.\\nThe Nativity of our Saviour. From Philomena and John\\nBrennan.\\nThe Adoration of the Three Wise Men from the East. From\\nMrs. Donovan, in memory of Timothy Donovan.\\nThe Flight into Egypt.\\nThe Prophecy of Saint Simeon.\\nChrist in the Temple, Disputing with the Doctors.\\nThe Marriage Feast at Cana, in Galilee.\\nChrist s Farewell to His Mother, before entering upon public\\nMinistry.\\nChrist Prostrate under the Cross, meeting His Mother.\\nThe Crucifixion.\\nThe Burial of Christ.\\nThe Death of the Blessed Virgin. From Father Smith, pastor.\\nThe average size of the pictures is nine feet in width, by four-\\nteen and a half in height. In some of them there are as many\\nas nine full-length life-sized figures represented. Each of these\\npictures is a volume in itself. But to dwell upon them sepa-\\nrately, and point out their merits and beauty as works of art,\\nwould occupy too much space. They are simply grand, and\\nseem to increase in beauty with each succeeding visit. In clear-\\nness of outline, in the wondrous brilliancy of color, in the\\niaccurate reproduction of the most delicate tints and shadings.", "height": "3160", "width": "1912", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "I40 HISTORY. OF TRENTON.\\nin richness and mellowness of tone, in the rarity and complete-\\nness of their finish, in all, indeed, that distinguish genuine works\\nof art, they are something to be admired, if not wondered at.\\nThis is the verdict of those competent to judge.\\nSuspended from the walls on each side of the church are four-\\nteen exquisite paintings. They are in heavy walnut frames,\\nbeautifully carved. They are twenty by forty-two inches in\\nsize, without the frames, and were presented by the Sodality of\\nthe Assumption. The paintings are executed in oil upon canvass,\\nand are the work of artists in Munich, Bavaria, from which city\\nthey were exported to this country. They represent some of the\\nmost striking and important events of our Saviour s passion, from\\nthe time He was condemned to death to His burial, and are used\\nin the beautiful devotion known as the Way of the Cross. As\\nworks of art they are faultless, and indeed what has been said of\\nthe memorial paintings is equally true of these.\\nThere are three altars. The side altars are dedicated respect-\\nively to Saint Joseph and Saint Anthony. The grand altar is\\nbuilt of the finest of white marble, highly polished, and is all\\nthat the most fastidious could have desired in this magnificent\\ntemple of ecclesiastical art. The style of architecture is Gothic,\\nbeing thus in harmony with the style of the church. It rests\\nupon massive foundations extending a considerable distance\\nbelow the floor. The extreme length is sixteen feet, the altar\\ntable being twelve feet long. It is reached by three steps, which\\nare over three feet from the floor. Below the altar table, which\\nis three and a half feet above the highest step, there are three\\nrecesses, formed by the projection of eight clustered columns,\\nwith foliated capitals. In the central recess is a finely executed\\nhas relief old, lamb. The other recesses are filled with represen-\\ntations of the cross and other pious objects in bas relief. Back\\nof this front there are two wings, extending two feet on each\\nside, the recesses of which contain bas reliefs. On these wings\\nare two statues, nearly life-size one of Saint Patrick, the other\\nof Saint Bridget. Saint Patrick is dressed in full episcopal\\nrobes. In one hand is held the crosier, while the other is\\nextended in benediction over his faithful children. Under his\\nfeet are numerous serpents. Saint Bridget holds in one hand a", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n141\\npen, and in the other the Book of the Gospels spread open.\\nThe statues of these ilhistrious saints are very fine.\\nThe windows are of stained glass. The largest and most\\nbeautiful of these is the one in the chancel. The size is twelve\\nby twenty-five feet. In the centre is a representation of the\\ncoronation of the Blessed Virgin. To her right and left appear\\nthe Father and Son, jointly holding a crown, adorned with her\\nsuperabundant virtues, which shine, like precious stones, above\\nher head while above this the Holy Ghost is seen descending\\nin the form of a dove. Below and around this group there are\\nchoirs of angels. In the extremes, on either side, the four\\nevangelists are represented, upon tasteful pedestals. The upper\\nportion of the window is enriched with foliations, the spaces\\nbeing filled with appropriate designs. If it is looked upon as a\\nmeans of assisting devotion the design is perfect, and if it is\\nviewed as a work of art merely, it is a gem of rare beauty in the\\nway of stained glass work. It was presented by Miss Marie M.\\nHargous.\\nFourteen large side windows admit an abundance of light in\\nmellowed rays. There are four different patterns of them, thus\\ngiving quite a variety. The colors are blended with considerable\\ntaste, care being taken to have a predominance of those colors\\nthat more readily admit light. In the top of each the Chalice,\\nthe Host, the Lamb, the Cross, the Tiara, and other interesting\\nand sacred objects are artistically represented in the glass in\\nfoliated surroundings. The windows were presented by the\\nfollowing parishoners, beginning in the same order as with\\nthe pictures in the nave: i. Catherine and Robert Wilson. 2.\\nJulia and John Cahill. 3. Ann and Edward Cawley. 4. Miss\\nMarie M. Hargous. 5. Bridget, Ann and William Donohoe. 6.\\nLouis Hargous. 7. Catherine and John Fritts. 8. Mrs. Margaret\\nMeredith. 9. Catherine and Felix McGuire. 10. Ellen and\\nPeter Grattan. 11. Anacletus Kessler and John Dewan. 12.\\nElizabeth and John Kale. 13. Mary Ann and Nicholas Bendel.\\n14. Margaret and Patrick Nolen.\\nThe pews are made of chestnut, with mouldings of black wal-\\nnut, finished in oil. All the doors of the church are of solid\\nblack walnut, in some cases having chestnut panels. The con", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "142 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nfessionals are of the same materials, elaborately carved. There\\nis a gallery running across the end of the church for pew-holders,\\nand above this is the organ gallery, containing an organ that can\\njustly be classed among the largest in the United States. It has\\nthirty-six stops, from which it will be seen that its power and\\nrange is very great, and three stands of keys. It contains two\\nthousand pipes. These vary in size from three inches to nine-\\nteen feet in height, the large ones being almost of sufficient\\ndimensions to allow a moderately sized man to pass through. The\\norgan can hardly be said to be new, because the pipes and bel-\\nlows were in use before it was purchased by Father Smith. But\\nwith these exceptions it is new, as experienced organ builders\\nwere engaged for many months in rebuilding it, from the best\\nmaterials that could be procured. With the modern improve-\\nments that have been added, the value of the organ is not less\\nthan ten thousand dollars, although the original cost was con-\\nsiderably less than this sum. It is a remarkably clear and sweet-\\ntoned instrument.\\nIn point of size and beauty of finish. Saint Mary s Church is\\nprobably without an equal in the Diocese of Newark. Taken as\\na whole, it is admirably proportioned. Indeed, its great size is\\nnot at first apparent, save to a practiced eye. From this cause,\\nif examined in detail, we find a grand harmony prevailing\\nthroughout the entire building. Good taste, as well as good\\njudgment, is displayed on every side. As a temple of worship,\\nit is a lasting monument to the zeal of the Catholics of Trenton,\\nwho, though poor in this world s goods, are rich in faith, and\\nshows what has been accomplished by their free-will offerings,\\njudiciously expended and, as a building possessing many archi-\\ntectural beauties, it will be pointed out with pride, as one of the\\nsights of our city. It is no exaggeration to say that thousands\\nof dollars have been saved in building this church, through the\\neconomy, judgment, and indomitable energy of Father Smith.\\nNor was this result brought about by using inferior materials, for\\nthe very opposite is the fact. Although burdened with the care\\nof a parish numbering nearly four thousand souls, whose spiritual\\nwants he faithfully ministered to, yet he could be seen at the\\nnew building early and late, personally superintending the work.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 1 43\\nNeither the heat of summer nor the cold of winter deterred\\nhim. Of him it can be truly said: I have loved, O, Lord,\\nthe beauty of thy house. Father Smith has taken charge of\\nthe new parish. He was succeeded in Saint John s parish by\\nFather Makin, who was formerly pastor of that church.\\nThe entire cost of the church was about ninety-five thousand\\ndollars. There is seating capacity for one thousand five hundred\\npersons.\\nIn Trenton, at the beginning of this century, there was but\\none Catholic church, for the Catholic population was very small,\\nthere being only thirty families, Irish, French, and German.\\nThe small chapel, erected on the corner of Lamberton and\\nMarket streets, was built by the Rt. Rev. Michael Eagan, D. D.,\\nO. S. F., and Bishop of Philadelphia, in the year 181 4, and\\ndedicated to Saint Francis. From the above date until 1846,\\nwhen the Irish built their new church on Broad street, there was\\nonly this congregation. After the division, the Germans alone\\nwere too small in numbers to support and pay the debts of the\\nchurch, and it was closed. At this period, Mr. Peter Hargous\\npaid the debt, bought the chapel, and presented it to Bishop\\nBayley, of Newark. The Rt. Rev. Bishop permitted the Ger-\\nmans to use it, and on the 23d of June, 1853, the Rev. Father\\nGemnier, the first German priest, was appointed, who, in 1856,\\nremoved to the west. He was succeeded by Father Anton\\nMuller, O. M. C-, from Philadelphia, who remained until Feb-\\nruary, 1859, when Father Gemnier returned and took charge of\\nthe church, remaining until June, 1865, when he permanently\\nretired from active service to Saint Mary s Hospital, Philadelphia.\\nIn June, 1865, the bishop sent Rev. Father Storr, who, seeing\\nthat Saint Francis Church was too small for the congregation,\\nwhich by this time had considerably increased in numbers,\\nbought the Methodist Church in Front street, for eleven thou-\\nsand dollars. Father Storr was removed in 1866, and the\\ncongregation remained for a few months without a permanent\\npastor, but the Sunday service was performed in the old church,\\nby priests sent by the bishop from Newark.\\nDuring this year (1866) the celebrated missionary, Francis X.\\nWeninger, S. J., visited Trenton, and, by order of the bishop,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "144\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nblessed the new church in Front street, and gave a highly-\\nsuccessful mission for eight days, after which he left Trenton,\\nand the bishop appointed the Rev. Francis Gerber, D. D., as\\npermanent pastor of the church. Under his charge the priest s\\nresidence, near the church, was built, at a cost of six thousand\\ndollars, in 1867, and in 1869 he built the tower on the church\\nbuilding.\\nOn account of his failing health, Father Gerber asked and\\nobtained permission from the bishop to go to Europe, and sailed\\nfor Germany in November, 1869. He was succeeded by Father\\nPeter Jachetti, who took charge of the church until the return\\nof the bishop from the Vatican Council. On the return of the\\nbishop, he offered the charge of the German congregation\\nentirely to the Franciscan Order, whose Mother House is in\\nSyracuse, New York, and the assembled fathdrs there, in Novem-\\nber, 1870, accepted this congregation, and appointed Father\\nJachetti, above named, as pastor.\\nAfter the congregation had left the old church and opened\\nthe new one in Front street, they named it Saint Boniface\\nChurch, but Bishop Bayley, by a decree dated March 2d, 1868,\\nordered that the title of the church be Saint Francis of\\nAssisum.\\nIn 1869, the Franciscan Sisters came from their Mother House\\nin Philadelphia, and took charge of the German Catholic school.\\nThe schools are situated under the church, and the children\\nnumber about two hundred. The members of the church are\\nrequired to send their children until they are twelve years of age,\\nor until they are instructed for their first communion. The\\nchildren receive instruction in the catechism and the duties of\\ntheir religion, and in the summer they are taught the English\\nand German languages. Every day before school they attend\\nthe church, and assist at the mass.\\nThe church is fifty by eighty-five feet. It contains four hun-\\ndred and sixty pews. The communicants number about two\\nhundred and thirty families. In the congregation there are\\nthree beneficial societies the Saint Boniface, the Saint Joseph,\\nand Saint Peter s. Their object is to perform their religious\\nduties, and render assistance to their families during sickness.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n145\\nOn Sunday, the 9th of October, 1870, Saint Francis Church\\nwas the scene of very imposing Catholic ceremonies. The\\nBishop of the Diocese, the Rt. Rev. James R. Bayley, paid an\\nofficial visit to the above parish, and celebrated mass at eight\\nA. M. At ten o clock a grand high mass was sung, with deacon\\nand sub-deacon. On this occasion the bishop administered the\\nsacrament of confirmation to eighty-seven candidates, many of\\nwhom were girls, who were robed in garments of snowy white-\\nness. The candidates advanced by two s inside the chancel rail,\\nand were confirmed. Their deportment was edifying, and gave\\nevidence of the thorough preparatory training they had received\\nfrom their pastor, Father Peter. Before administering the sacra-\\nment, the bishop preached a brief but eloquent sermon, in which\\nhe gave a lucid explanation of confirmation, and pointed out the\\npriceless gifts that are bestowed upon all who receive it with\\nproper dispositions.\\nIn the afternoon a new cemetery was consecrated by the\\nbishop. It is a spacious lot of ground, situate on the corner of\\nWashington street and Roebling avenue, in the rear of the\\nSoldiers Children s Home. A procession was formed at the\\nchurch, right resting on Greene street, which moved at three\\no clock. It was composed of children who had been confirmed,\\nthe Emmett Guard, the Trenton Beneficial Society, Saint John s\\nT. A. B. Society, Saint Francis Beneficial Society, Saint Boni-\\nface Society, Saint Joseph s Society, Saint Vincent de Paul\\nSociety, the Sodality of the Assumption, and others. The\\nclergy occupied carriages. All of these societies carried flags\\nand banners, which added much to their appearance. There\\nwere not less than two thousand persons in line, and full as many\\nfollowed on the sidewalks. It was probably the largest turn-out\\nof any religious denomination that ever took place in this city.\\nIn the centre of the cemetery a large cross was erected, at the\\nfoot of which the bishop, assisted by several clergymen, began\\nthe impressive ceremony of consecration, after which they made\\nthe circuit of the enclosure, and returned to the cross. At the\\nconclusion of this ceremony, the bishop preached an able ser-\\nmon to the multitude present, after which the immense crowd\\nreturned to the city, without accident of any description. In\\nN", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "146 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nthe evening, the Rt. Rev. gentleman delivered a most eloquent,\\ninstructive, and interesting lecture in Saint John s Church, to a\\nlarge and attentive audience. His subject was upon what he had\\nseen at Rome.\\nIn the year 1843, Universalist society was formed here they\\nheld their meetings every Sunday in the saloon of the City Hall.\\nTheir pulpit was supplied by Mr. Whitcomb, of Hightstown,\\nAsher Moore, Charles C. Burr, and John Gihon, of Philadelphia.\\nWhen Mr. Moore removed to Hightstown, he preached altern-\\nately in that place and Trenton but resigning his charge there,\\nno further stated preaching was held in Trenton until the Rev.\\nGeorge Collins, of Philadelphia, commenced preaching here in\\n1852, devoting half of his time to his congregation here, and\\nhalf to his church in the city. They never erected a church\\nhere, but held their meetings in the lower saloon of Temperance\\nHall for some time, when they were finally discontinued.\\nThe Evangelical Lutheran Christ Church was formed July ist,\\n1869. For nearly a year previous, services were held mainly by\\nstudents from the seminary at Philadelphia, belonging to the\\nPennsylvania Synod.\\nAccording lo previous notice, Jacob Miller, Tliomas Penning-\\nton, John Keller, Henry H. Lantz, Henry Mohrfeld, Louisa\\nMohrfeld, Ellen Gettler, Abbie Kafer, and Amos H. Barthole-\\nmew, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the\\nHoly Ghost, met in the Sunday-school room of the Evangelical\\n(German) Lutheran Trinity Church, and organized the Evangel-\\nical (English) Lutheran Christ Church. The pastor of the Ger-\\nman Lutheran Church, Rev. George F. Gardiner, was present\\nand acted as chairman during the organization.\\nThe first settled pastor was Rev. Amos H. Bartholomew, who\\nwas installed on Sunday, October loth, 1869, by the Rev. C. P.\\nKrauth, D. D., who preached an eloquent discourse on the\\noccasion, from Acts, chap, x., 38 verse, at which time their first\\ncommunion was held. It being quite stormy at the time, only\\nten members were present and communed. Up to December\\n12th of the same year, the services were held in Mr. Gardiner s\\nchurch, usually in the afternoon. Afterwards, for the purpose\\n^1", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "NISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n147\\nof holding two services a day, they were held in the Sunday-\\nschool room connected with that church.\\nThe locality being unfavorable, on the 15th of May, 1870,\\nthey removed to the Mercer County Court-house, where they\\nhave contiuued to worship ever since, holding morning and\\nafternoon services, and at present two sessions of the Sunday-\\nschool.\\nThe church attendance at first was quite small, there being not\\nmore than twelve persons present the first Sunday Mr. Bartholo-\\nmew took charge. The first Sunday after the organization there\\nwere about twenty-five persons present on which occasion he\\npreached from Luke, chap, xiv., 21, 23 verses, on the extended\\ncall to the Great Supper.\\nSince their removal to the court-house the attendance has\\nbeen larger and more regular. The church is still small and\\nstruggling hard against many discouragements to establish itself\\nmore permanently, and to secure a place of worship of its own.\\nThe present membership of regular communicants is forty-five.\\nThe Trenton Messiah s Church is a branch of the Messiah s\\nChurch of Morrisville, Pennsylvania. Early in the year 1863,\\nat the beginning of the labors of Rev. D. I. Robinson with that\\nchurch, public services were commenced in Trenton, where a\\nnumber of the members resided. These services were held\\nevery Sabbath evening in the lower saloon of Temperance Plall.\\nAfter about a year, the interest demanding it, at a meeting held\\nFebruary 15th, 1864, the Trenton membership was organized as\\nMessiah s Church of Trenton, New Jersey. The communicants\\nnumbered at the time of organization seventeen, and the services\\nof Rev. D. I. Robinson as pastor, were secured. Public worship\\nwas continued at Temperance Hall, while an effort was at once\\nmade to erect a house of worship. During the year a small\\nchapel was built in Clay street, near Market street, which was\\ndedicated in October, 1864. The dedication sermon was\\npreached by Rev. L. Osier, pastor of the Evangelical Advent\\nChurch of Providence, Rhode Island.\\nThe chapel was built of Trenton brown stone, thirty feet front\\nby forty feet deep, and cost about two thousand two hundred", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "148 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\ndollars. It contains forty-six pews, and will seat about one\\nhundred and eighty persons, and is still used by the church.\\nRev. D. I. Robinson officiated as pastor from the time of the\\norganization until March ist, 1865. Rev. D. Elwell, the pres-\\nent pastor, succeeded Mr. Robinson. The pre?ent number of\\ncommunicants is sixty-five.\\nThe Sabbath-school held in connection with the church is\\nunder the superintendence of the pastor, and numbers fifteen\\nteachers and about one hundred scholars. The uniform lesson\\nsystem has been in use for two years. The library contains three\\nhundred and eighty-six volumes.\\nThe church government is of the Independent or Congrega-\\ntional order, the Trenton Church being associated with the.\\nPennsylvania Conference of Messiah s Church.\\nPublic worship is sustained entirely by voluntary contributions.\\nMessiah s Church is a denominational name. They were\\nformerly known as Adventists or Second Ad ventists and\\nthat name expresses their denominational position holding and\\nprominently presenting the doctrine of the speedy second\\nadvent of Christ.\\nBut as there have been widely proclaimed doctrines under the\\nname of Adventism, which they believe to be erroneous, and with\\nwhich they do not desire to be identified, they have organized\\nunder a different name.\\nThe doctrines to which I more particularly refer, are those of\\nMaterialism and Unitarianism, so that in many sections Material-\\nism and Adventism are identical. They have, therefore, taken\\nthe name of Messiah s Church, or Evangelical Adventists, the\\nlatter name being in use in the eastern states, and the former\\nthroughout Pennsylvania.\\nThe building in Montgomery street, above Academy street,\\npurchased and fitted up by the Hebrew congregation of this\\ncity, was dedicated to worship March 23d, 1866, with appro-\\npriate ceremonies.\\nThe room was well filled with members of the congregation,\\nand a number of other citizens, among whom were clergymen of\\nthe different denominations of this city. Rev. D. Frankel, of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n149\\nPhiladelphia, officiated, assisted by Rev. Mr. Getz and Rev.\\nMr. Strauss.\\nThe hymns during the exercises were chanted by a choir con-\\nnected with Mr. Franker s synagogue in Philadelphia.\\nJudge Naar delivered the dedicatory address, and was followed\\nby Rev. Isaac Leser, of Philadelphia.\\nThe exercises were closed by the choir chanting the one hun-\\ndred and fiftieth psalm.\\nThere are two Friends meeting-houses. That on the corner\\nof Hanover and Montgomery streets was built in 1739, being\\nthe oldest house of worship in Trenton, and the one in Mercer\\nstreet was built in 1858. The latter congregation worshipped at\\nthe corner of Academy and Greene streets until their new place\\nof worship in Mercer street was built.\\nThe colored population have now two churches. Mount Zion\\nMethodist Episcopal Church, Perry street, was built in 1819, and\\nrebuilt in 1858. Their present pastor is Rev. Joshua Woodlin.\\nThey have also a meeting-house in Allen street, called Saint\\nJohn s Wesleyan Methodist Episcopal Church, built in 1844,\\nwhich is at present without a regular pastor, although services\\nare occasionally held there.\\nThe following statistics show the church membership, number\\nof Sunday-school scholars, and estimated valuation of church\\nproperty in the city\\nFirst Presbyterian membership, three hundred and twenty-\\nfour scholars, three hundred and fifty property, one hundred\\nand twenty-five thousand dollars.\\nSecond Presbyterian membership, two hundred and thirty-\\neight scholars, two hundred property, thirty thousand dollars.\\nThird Presbyterian membership, three hundred scholars,\\nfive hundred property, fifty thousand dollars.\\nFourth Presbyterian membership, two hundred and seven-\\nteen scholars, two hundred property, seventy-five thousand\\ndollars.\\nSaint Michael s Episcopal communicants, two hundred and\\nfifty-six scholars, two hundred and seventy-five property, forty\\nthousand dollars.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "ISO\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nSaint Paul s Episcopal communicants, one hundred scholars^\\nthree hundred property, twelve thousand dollars.\\nTrinity Episcopal communicants, one hundred and twenty-\\nfive scholars, seventy property, twenty-six thousand dollars.\\nGreene Street Methodist Episcopal membership, five hundred\\nand fifty j scholars, five hundred and sixty-one property, fifty\\nthousand dollars.\\nTrinity Methodist Episcopal membership, three hundred and\\nseventy-five scholars, four hundred and fifty property, forty-\\nfive thousand dollars.\\nUnion Street Methodist Episcopal membership, seventy-\\neight scholars, one hundred and thirty property, six thou-\\nsand dollars.\\nState Street Methodist Episcopal membership, two hundred\\nand eighty-four; scholars, three hundred and seventy property^\\nfifty thousand dollars.\\nWarren Street Methodist Episcopal membership, one hundred\\nand twenty-four scholars, two hundred and four property, five\\nthousand dollars.\\nCentral Methodist Episcopal membership, three hundred\\nscholars, five hundred and twenty-five property, fifty thousand\\ndollars.\\nFirst Baptist membership, seven hundred and sixty-one;\\nscholars, one thousand one hundred and ten property, forty-\\nfour thousand five hundred dollars.\\nCentral Baptist membership, three hundred and fifty-eight\\nscholars, six hundred property, thirty thousand dollars.\\nTrinity Lutheran membership, one hundred and twenty-five\\nscholars, three hundred and fifty property, thirty thousand\\ndollars.\\nSaint John s Catholic membership, three thousand scholars,\\nfour hundred; property,. seventy-five thousand dollars.\\nSaint Francis Catholic membership, one thousand scholars,\\none hundred property, twenty thousand dollars.\\nSaint Mary s Catholic membership, two thousand five hun-\\ndred scholars, three hundred property, one hundred and six\\nthousand dollars.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n151\\nMessiah s membership, sixty-five; scholars, one hundred;\\nproperty, two thousand two hundred dollars.\\nEvangelical Lutheran membership, forty-five.\\nTotal valuation of church property, eight hundred and sev-\\nenty-one thousand seven hundred dollars.\\nTotal church membership, eleven thousand one hundred and\\nthirty-three.\\nTotal number of scholars attending Sabbath-schools, seven\\nthousand and ninety-five.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER X.\\nTrenton in 1776 Extent of the town Queen street Front street\\nSecond street King street Route taken by the American\\narmy Generals Washington, Greene, Sullivan, Dickinson,\\nEwing, Sterling, Mercer, Stevens, Cadwalader, Mifflin Colo-\\nnels Baylor and Brearley Captains William Washington,\\nForrest, and Morris-:\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Lord Cornwallis, British commander-in-\\nchief- Colonel Rahl, Hessian commander Crossing the Dela-\\nware Washington s guides to the city Commencement of the\\nbattle Lieutenant Monroe Bravery of Mrs. Clarke Council\\nof war Retreat of the American army by the Sandtown\\nroad across Quaker bridge to Stony Brook Death of General\\nMercer.\\nQUEEN (now Greene) street commenced at the north end\\nof the town, and ran due south to the bridge over the\\nAssanpink, at Trent s mills, now belonging to Henry McCall,\\nEsq. Front street commenced in Queen, a few rods north of\\nthe Assanpink bridge in Greene street, and extended west to the\\nMasonic lodge. Here the river road commenced and ran up\\nWillow street to Potts tan yard thence west through Quarry\\nstreet, by Rutherford s and Colonel Dickinson s places in a\\nnorthwest course, and through Birmingham to the Bear tavern.\\nSecond street commenced at Chambers corner, at Willow street,\\n(now corner of State and Willow), and ran east through State\\nstreet to the old iron works, crossing King and Queen streets.\\nKing (now Warren) street, commenced on the Pennington road,\\non the north point of Queen (now Greene) street, and ran in a\\nsoutherly direction by the old court-house and jail, (now Tren-\\nton Bank), to Front street.\\nPerry street was not opened until the fall of 1 813, and received", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n153\\nits name in honor of Commodore Perry, who had in the previous\\nMay achieved so signal a victory on the lakes.\\nBetween the residence of the late William Potts (corner of\\nWarren and Perry streets), and Saint Michael s (Episcopal)\\nChurch, was what was then called Church alley, afterwards Still s\\nalley, named by Pontius D. Still, who occupied the house late\\nthe residence of William Potts. This alley ran from King to\\nQueen street. It was in King street, at the entrance of this\\nalley, that Colonel Rahl, the Hessian commander, was shot, in\\nendeavoring to pass through it, in order to rally his distracted\\ntroops. This alley was closed up by Mr. Still himself, though\\npart of it still remains in Greene street next to the Madison\\nhouse. The whole extent of Warren street at that time was from\\nthe Pennington road, taking a southwesterly direction by the old\\ncourt-house, as far down as Front street. All below Front street\\nbelonged to the Bloomsbury farm. This part of Warren street\\nwas not opened as a street until 1801.\\nFrom the north end of King and Queen streets to the village\\nof Maidenhead (now Lawrcnceville), is six miles.\\nAnd from the above point the general course of the road is\\nnorth to Pennington, about eight miles.\\nOne mile from Trenton, on the Pennington road, the Scotch\\nroad branches off to the left, and for about two and a quarter\\nmiles its course is northwest, after which it bends to the iwrth-\\neast for a little distance, and thence its course is a little west of\\nnorth.\\nThe road which leads from McConkey s ferry (now Taylors-\\nville), runs northeast, and one and a quarter miles from the\\nriver it crossed the river road, at the Bear tavern, eight miles\\nfrom Trenton; two miles further, it crosses the Scotch road,\\nseven miles from Trenton.\\nFrom the Bear tavern, on the river road, to Birmingham was\\nthree and a half miles, and from Birmingham to Trenton, four\\nand a half miles. From Birmingham across to the Scotch road,\\nwhere it bends to the east (as mentioned above), is about one\\nmile from this point to its junction with the Pennington road\\nis two and a quarter miles; and from thence to Trenton, one\\nmile.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "154\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nGeneral Washington, with the division under General Greene,\\ncame the above-mentioned route from Birmingham to Trenton.\\nPart of the division went down King street, and the remainder\\ndown Queen street, extending into the field to the left, towards the\\nAssanpink creek, the course of which is from the northeast for a\\nmile or two, until it passes the iron works, (late the residence of\\nG. Perdicaris), after which it bends to the west, and ran by\\nTrent s mills, in Queen street, to the Delaware river.\\nThe division under General Sullivan, on the river road, entered\\nthe town by Colonel Dickinson s and Rutherford s, through\\nSecond and Front streets.\\nSo the enemy were hemmed in by the Assanpink on the south\\nand east, and by the American army on the west and north.\\nOn Wednesday, the 25th of December, 1776, General Wash-\\nington, with his army, was on the west bank of the Delaware\\nriver, encamped near Taylorsville (then McConkey s ferry),\\neight miles above Trenton. The troops under General Dickin-\\nson were at Yardleyville, four miles above Trenton, and detach-\\nments were encamped still further up the river. The boats on\\nthe river had all been secured when General Washington had\\ncrossed with his army on the first of the month.\\nThe Pennsylvania troops were in two bodies; one at Bristol,\\nten miles below Trenton, and the other at Morrisville, opposite\\nTrenton, under General Ewing.*\\nAt this time the British, under General Howe, were stationed\\nin detachments at Mount Holly, Black Horse, (now Columbus),\\nBurlington, and Bordentown and at Trenton there were three\\nregiments of Hessians, amounting to about fifteen hundred men,\\nand a troop of British light-horse. Divisions of the British army\\nwere also at Princeton and New Brunswick.\\nOne part of the plan of Washington was to recross the Dela-\\nware with his army at McConkey s ferry, on the night of the 25th\\nof December, and for General Ewing,. with a part of the army\\nunder his command, to cross at or below Trenton thus, both\\nIn Sparks Life of Washington this officer is called Ewing in Marshall s,\\nIrwin and in Wilkinson s, Irwing all evidently meaning the same officer.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON:\\n155\\nmight fall on the enemy at the same time, Ewing at the south,\\nand General Washington at the north of the town.\\nAt dusk, the Continental troops, commanded by General\\nWashington in person, amounting to two thousand four hun-\\ndred men, with twenty pieces of artillery, began to cross at\\nMcConkey s ferry. The troops at Yardleyville and the stations\\n:above had that day assembled at this ferry. Among the promi-\\nnent and active men who were employed ferrying over the troops\\nwere Uriah Slack, William Green, and David Lanning.\\nIt was between three and four o clock in the morning before\\nall the artillery and troops were over and ready to march.\\nMany of the men were very destitute as regarded clothing.\\nThe late Mr. George Muirheid, of Hopewell, said that he noticed\\none man whose pantaloons were ragged, and who had on neither\\nshoes nor stockings.\\nThe ground was covered with sleet and snow, which was fall-\\ning at that time, although the day before there was no snow, or\\nonly a little sprinkling of it, on the ground.\\nGeneral Washington, (who had sat in silence on a bee-hive,\\nwrapt in his cloak, while his troops were crossing), as they were\\nabout to march, enjoined upon them all profoimd silence during\\ntheir march to Trenton, and said to them I hope you will all\\nfight like me ft.\\nGeneral Washington, with his army, halted at the house of\\nBenjamin Moore, at Birmingham, (now occupied by Mr. John\\nTemple), and ate a piece of mince-pie and drank a glass of cider.\\nHis men also partook of some refreshments before marching into\\nTrenton.\\nThe sun had just arisen as the tents of the enemy appeared in\\nsight. Washington, rising in his stirrups, waved his sword and\\nexclaimed, There, my brave friends, are the enemies of yot(r\\ncountry; andnoiv, all I have to ask is, to remember what you are\\nabout to fight for. March\\nGeneral Washington wished to get twelve men who should be\\nmounted on horseback, without arms or uniform, and in plain\\nfarmers habit, to ride before the army to reconnoitre, and get\\nwhat information they could with respect to the British army,\\ntheir outguards, c. There were but three who would volunteer", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "156 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nfor this service these were David Lanning, of Trenton, and\\nJohn Muirheid and John Guild, of Hopewell.\\nThe following persons were also guides and marched with the\\narmy Colonel Joseph Phillips, Captain Philip Phillips, and\\nAdjutant Elias Phillips, of Maidenhead Joseph Inslee, Edon\\nBurroughs, Stephen Burroughs, Ephraim Woolsey, and Henry\\nSimmons, of Hopewell and Captain John Mott, Amos Scudder,\\nand William Green, of Trenton.\\nThe army marched with a quick step, in a body, from the\\nriver up the cross road to the Bear tavern, about a mile from\\nthe river. The whole army marched down this road to the\\nvillage of Birmingham, distant about three and a half miles.\\nThere they halted, examined their priming, and found it all wet.\\nCaptain Mott, notwithstanding he had taken the precaution to\\nwrap his handkerchief around the lock of his gun, found the\\npriming was wet. Well, said General Sullivan, tve must\\nfight them with tiie bayonet.\\nFrom Birmingham to Trenton, the distance by the river road\\nand the Scotch road is nearly equal, being about four and half\\nmiles.\\nThe troops were formed in two divisions. One of them, com-\\nmanded by General Sullivan, marched down the river road.\\nThe other, commanded by General Washington, accompanied\\nby Generals Lord Sterling, Greene, Mercer, and Stevens, (with\\nDavid Lanning and others for their guides), filed off to the left,\\ncrossed over to the Scotch road, and marched along till it enters\\nthe Pennington road, about one mile above Trenton,\\nScarcely a word was spoken from the time the troops left the\\nferry, (except what passed between the officers and the guides),\\ntill they reached Trenton and with such stillness did the army\\nmove that they were not discovered until they came upon the\\noutguards of the enemy, who were posted in the outskirts of the\\ntown, at or near the house of Colonel Brearley, afterwards known\\nas the parsonage or Clay Hill farm,* when one of the sentries\\nThis was just after day -break, according to the testimony of several persons\\nwho lived in the town or neighborhood at the time. It has been stated that\\nthe Rev. Mr. Frazer lived there at that time, but his son informed me that this\\nis a mistake, as he did not move here until 1791.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON. 1 1 7\\ncalled to Lanning,* (who was a little in advance of the troops),\\nand asked, Who is there? Lanning replied, A friend!\\nA friend to whom? A friend to General Washington.\\nAt this the guard fired and retreated. f\\nThe American troops returned their fire, and rushed upon\\nthem, driving them into town.\\nAt the head of King street, Captain T. Forrest opened a six-\\ngun batter) under the immediate orders of General Washing-\\nton, which commanded the street. Captain William Washing-\\nton and Lieutenant James Monroe (afterwards president of the\\nUnited States), perceiving that the enemy were endeavoring to\\nplant a battery in King street, near where the canal feeder now\\ncrosses Warren street, rushed forward with the advance guard,\\ndrove the artillerists from their guns, and took from them two\\npieces, which they were just in the act of firing. The same guns\\nare now at the arsenal in this city. Captain Washington and\\nLieutenant Monroe were both wounded in this successful enter-\\nprise. A part of this division marched down Queen (now\\nGreene) street, and extended to the left, in order to cut off the\\nretreat of the enemy towards Princeton.\\nThe division of the army which came down the river road,\\nunder the command of General Sullivan, fell upon the British\\nThis Lanning had a few days before been taken prisoner by a scouting\\nparty, in the Scudder neighborhood, near the Delaware river, carried to Tren-\\nton, and confined in a house on Tucker s corner, (now occupied by Joseph G.\\nBrearley Co., as a hardware store, on the corner of State and Greene streets),\\nWatching an opportunity, when there was a little commotion among the guard,\\nhe slipped out of the back door, sprang over a high board fence, and escaped\\nto the house of Stacy Potts, who took him in, and concealed him that night.\\nThe next morning Lanning, dressed in an old ragged coat and flapped hat, put\\nan axe under his arm, and went with his head down, limping along, and so\\npassed the enemy s sentries in safety, in the character of a wood-chopper; but\\nwhen he got where the Pennington and Scotch roads meet, looking in every\\ndirection and seeing no person, he threw down his axe, and took to Dickin-\\nson s swamp, and so escaped.\\nf At the commencement of the engagement, when Washington with his\\nsword raised, was giving his orders, it is said a musket ball passed between his\\nfingers, slightly grazing them. He only said ihai has passed by.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "158\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nadvance guard at Rutherford s place, adjoining Colonel Dickin-\\nson s, near the southwestern part of the town, at about the same\\ntime that Washington entered it on the north.\\nBoth divisions pushed forward, keeping up a running fire with\\nsmall arms,* and meeting with but little opposition until the\\nenemy were driven eastward in State street, near the Presbyterian\\nChurch, where there was some fighting, the enemy having made\\na momentary stand but finding themselves hemmed in and over-\\npowered, they laid down their arms on the field northeast of the\\nPresbyterian Church, and about due south of the Quaker meet-\\ning-house.\\nColonel Rahl, the Hessian commander, whose headquarters\\nwere at the City tavern, corner of Warren and Bank streets,\\nopposite Still s alley, was mortally wounded during the early\\npart of the engagement, being shot from his horse while endeav-\\noring to form his dismayed and disordered troops.\\nWhen, supported by a file of sergeants, he presented his sword\\nto General Washington, (whose countenance beamed with com-\\nplacency at the success of the day), he was pale and bleeding,\\nand, in broken accents, seemed to implore those attentions which\\nthe victor was well disposed to bestow upon him. He was taken\\nto his headquarters, where he died.\\nDuring the engagement, a ball passed through the window of\\nRahl s headquarters, leaving a round hole, and considerably\\nshattering the glass.\\nThe number of prisoners taken at that time was twenty-three\\nofficers and eight hundred and eighty-six privates. Four stands\\nof colors, (two of which are now in the office of the secretary\\nof state of Pennsylvania, at Harrisburg), twelve drums, six brass\\nfield-pieces, and a thousand stands of arms and accoutrements\\nwere the trophies of victory.\\nThe British light-horse and four or five hundred Hessians\\nWhen the firing commenced on the morning of the battle, a daughter of\\nMr. Stacy Potts was at Miss Coxe s, opposite the Episcopal Church, and as\\nshe was running to her father s house (the old frame tavern, corner of Warren\\nand Bank streets), a musket ball struck the comb from her head, slightly in-\\njuring her.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n159\\nescaped at the beginning of the battle over the bridge across the\\nAssanpink, at Trent s mills, and fled to Bordentown.\\nIf General Ewing, whose division of the army was opposite\\nTrenton, had been able to cross the Delaware, as contemplated,\\nand take possession of the bridge over the Assanpink at Greene\\nstreet, all the enemy s troops who were in Trenton would have\\nbeen captured. But there was so much ice on the shores of the\\nriver that it was impossible to get the artillery over.\\nThe Hessians lost seven officers and twenty or thirty men.\\nTwenty-four of these were buried in one pit, in the Presbyterian\\nburying ground, by the American troops.*\\nImmediately after this victory which greatly revived the\\ndrooping spirits of the army General Washington commenced\\nmarching his prisoners up to the Eight-Mile-Ferry (McConkey s),\\nand before night all were safely landed on the western shore of\\nthe Delaware. But General Washington would not let a man\\npass more than was necessary, until all the prisoners were over.\\nThe Americans had two privates killed, and two, it is said, were\\nfrozen to death.\\nThe night after the taking of the Hessians, several of the\\nAmerican soldiers, who were worn down and poorly clad, took\\nrefuge at the house of Mr. Scudder, father of the late Mr. Rich-\\nard Scudder. Several of them became very sick in the night,\\nand two or three died, and it is not at all unlikely that these\\nwere the persons mentioned in the history as having frozen to\\ndeath.\\nAlthough the American army suffered great privations and\\nunderwent very many hardships, still it is extremely doubtful\\nwhether the two men above mentioned actually froze to death.\\nThe Mr. Scudder above named lived about two miles and a\\nhalf below McConkey s ferry.\\nSome years after this battle, several skeletons and coflins were found where\\nthe waters of the river washed the bank in the southwestern part of the city,\\nand many persons supposed that the Hessians killed in this engagement were\\nburied there but it has been ascertained that this was the ground where the\\nsoldiers and others who died in the barracks and hospital at White Hill were\\nburied. In excavating on the south bank of the Assanpink, within a few years\\nhuman bones have been found.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "l6o HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nThe following is Washington s account of the battle of Tren-\\nton, as communicated by him to congress, in a letter, dated\\nheadquarters, Newtown, 27th of December, 1776:\\nI have the pleasure of congratulating you upon the success of\\nan enterprise which I had formed against a detachment of the\\nenemy lying in Trenton, and which was executed yesterday\\nmorning. The evening of the 25th, I ordered the troops\\nintended for this service, to parade back of McConkey s ferry,\\n[now Taylorsville], that they might begin to pass as soon as it\\ngrew dark imagining that we should be able to throw them all\\nover, with the necessary artillery, by twelve o clock, and that we\\nmight easily arrive at Trenton by five o clock in the morning,\\nthe distance being about nine miles.\\nBut the quantity of ice made that night impeded the passage\\nof the boats so much, that it was three o clock before the artillery\\ncould all be got over, and near four before the troops took up\\ntheir line of march.\\nI formed my detachment in two divisions one to march up\\nthe lower or river road, the other by the upper or Pennington\\nroad.\\nAs the divisions had nearly the same distance to march, I\\nordered each of them, immediately upon forcing the outgu^rds,\\nto push directly into the town, that they might charge the enemy\\nbefore they had time to form.\\nThe upper division arrived at the enemy s advanced post\\nexactly at eight o clock, and in three minutes after, I found from\\nthe fire on the lower road, that that division had also got up.\\nThe outguards made but a small opposition though, for their\\nnumbers, they behaved very well keeping up a constant retreat-\\ning fire from behind houses. We presently saw their main body\\nformed, but from their motions, they seemed undetermined how\\nto act.\\nBeing hard pressed by our troops, who had already got pos-\\nsession of their artillery, they attempted to file off by a road on\\ntheir right, leading to Princeton but, perceiving their intention,\\nI threw a body of troops in their way, which immediately checked\\nthem.\\nFinding, from our disposition, that they were surrounded,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. i6i\\nand they must inevitably be cut to pieces if they made any\\nfurther resistance, they agreed to lay down their arms.\\nThe number that submitted in this manner was twenty-three\\nofficers and eight hundred and eighty-six men.\\nColonel Rahl, the commanding officer, and seven others,\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0were found wounded in the town,\\nI do not know exactly how many they had killed; but I\\nfancy not above twenty or thirty as they never made any regu-\\nlar stand.\\nOur loss is very trifling indeed only two officers and one or\\ntwo privates wounded. [These were Captains Washington and\\nMonroe].\\nI find that the detachment of the enemy consisted of three\\nHessian regiments of Landspatch, Kniphausen, and Rahl,\\namounting to about one thousand five hundred men, and a troop\\nof British light-horse but immediately upon the beginning of\\nthe attack, all those who were not killed or taken, pushed\\ndirectly down the road towards Bordentown.\\nThese, likewise, would have fallen into our hands could my\\nplan completely have been carried into execution.\\nGeneral Ewing was to have crossed before day at Trenton\\nferry, [just below where the Delaware bridge now stands], and\\ntaken possession of the bridge leading to the town,* but the\\nquantity of ice was so great, that though he did everything in\\nhis power to effect it, he could not cross.\\nThis difficulty also hindered General Cadwalader from cross-\\ning with the Pennsylvania militia from Bristol. He got part of\\nhis foot over, but finding it impossible to embark his artillery he\\nwas obliged to desist.\\nI am fully confident that, could the troops under Generals\\nEwing and Cadwalader have passed the river, I should have\\nbeen enabled, with their assistance, to have driven the enemy\\nfrom all their posts below Trenton. But the numbers I had with\\nme being inferor to theirs below, and a strong batallion of light-\\nThis was the bridge in Greene street, as there was no other bridge over\\nthe Assanpink at that time. General Ewing was to have taken that post to\\nprevent the escape of the enemy to Bordentown.\\n0*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "1 62 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\ninfantry being at Princeton, above me, I thought it most prudent\\nto return the same evening, with the prisoners and the artillery\\nwe had taken. We found no stores of any consequence in the\\ntown.\\nIn justice to the officers and men, I must add that their\\nbehavior on this occasion reflects the highest honor upon them.\\nThe difficulty of passing the river on a very severe night, and\\ntheir march through a violent storm of hail and snow, did not\\nin the least abate their ardor but, when they came to the\\ncharge, each seemed to vie with the other in pressing forward\\nand were I to give a preference to any particular corps I should\\ndo injustice to the other. Colonel Baylor, my first aid-de-camp,\\nwill have the honor of delivering this to you, and from him you\\nmay be made acquainted with many other particulars. His\\nspirited behavior upon every occasion requires me to recom-\\nmend him to your particular notice.\\nThe annexed account of the battle of Trenton is taken from\\nthe Pennsylvania. Journal of 1781.\\nAbout eight o clock in the morning, an attack was made on\\nthe picket-guard of the enemy. It was commanded by a youth\\nof eighteen, who fell in his retreat to the main body.\\nAt half-past eight o clock the town was nearly surrounded,\\nand all the avenues to it were seized, except the one left for\\nGeneral Ewing to occupy. An accident here liked to have\\ndeprived the American army of the object of their enterprise.\\nThe commanding officer of one of the divisions sent word to\\nGeneral Washington, just before they reached the town, that his\\nammunition had been wet by a shower of rain that had fallen\\nthat morning, and desired to know what he must do. Washing-\\nton sent him word to advance with fixed bayonets. This\\nlaconic answer inspired the division with the firmness and cour-\\nage of their leader,\\nThe whole body now moved onward in sight of the enemy.\\nAn awful silence reigned in every platoon.\\nEach soldier stepped as if he carried the liberty of his\\ncountry upon his single musket.\\nThe moment was a critical one.\\nThe attack was begun with artillery, under command of\\ni", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n163\\nColonel [afterwards General] Knox. The infantry supported\\nthe artillery with firmness.\\nThe enemy were thrown into confusion at every quarter.\\nOne regiment attempted to form in an orchard, but was soon\\nforced to fall back upon the main body. A company of them\\nentered a stone house,* which they defended with a field-piece,\\njudiciously posted in the entry. Captain [afterwards Colonel]\\nWashington advanced to dislodge them with a field-piece, but,\\nfinding his men exposed to a close and steady fire, he suddenly\\nleaped from them, rushed into the house, seized the officer who\\nhad command of the gun, and claimed him as a prisoner. His\\nmen followed him, and the whole company were made prisoners.\\nThe captain received a ball in his hand in entering the house.\\nIn the meanwhile, victory declared itself everywhere in favor\\nof the American arms.\\nThe Philadelphia light-horse distinguished themselves upon\\nthis occasion by their bravery. They were the more admired\\nfor their conduct as it was the first time they had ever been in\\naction.\\nAn anecdote is mentioned of Captain Samuel Morris, of this\\ncorps, which, though it discovers his inexperience of war, did\\nhonor to his humanity. In advancing toward the town, he\\ncame up to the lieutenant who had commanded the picket-\\nguard. He lay mortally wounded and weltering in his blood,\\nin the great road. The captain was touched with the sight, and\\ncalled to General Greene to know if anything could be done for\\nhim. The general bade him push on and not notice him. The\\ncaptain was as much agitated with the order as he was affected\\nby the scene before him; and it was not until after the fortunate\\nevents of the morning were over that he was convinced that his\\nsympathy for a bleeding enemy was ill-timed.\\nThis was a double stone house, one story high, with hipped roof, and stood\\nfronting the street, on the spot where the house of Mercer Beasley, Esq., now\\nstands. It was built by John Rickey, grandfather of the late John Rickey,\\ndruggist, of this city. This building was erected in the year 1752. The\\norchard above mentioned was between the Presbyterian Church and the old\\niron works, and occupied all the grounds between those two places and the\\nAssanpink creek and Friends meeting-house.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "1 64 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nAfter having refreshed themselves and rested a few hours in\\nTrenton, the American army returned, with their prisoners and\\nother trophies of victory, to the Pennsylvania side of the river,\\nby the same way they came, with the loss of only three men,\\nwho perished by cold in recrossing the river an event not to be\\nwondered at when we consider that many of them were half\\nnaked, and most of them barefooted.\\nThe next day, the British that were in Princeton marched\\nto Trenton in pursuit of the American army, and went up the\\nScotch road as far as Mr. Benjamin Clarke s, [now William R.\\nMcllvaine s, Esq.] and inquired which route General Washing-\\nton had taken, and being informed that he had gone with his\\nprisoners up the river road, they compelled John Clarke, their\\nson, a lad about twelve years of age, to guide them across to\\nBirmingham. Some of the American soldiers were at this time\\nin Clarke s house. His mother, with true Spartan courage,\\nunwilling to trust her son with the enemy, pursued the British,\\nand prevailed upon them to give him up.\\nSoon after, the British finding Washington had crossed the\\nDelaware, returned to Princeton.\\nThe situation of the American army in the autumn of 1776\\nwas peculiarly trying, and the prospects of their righteous cause\\nvery gloomy. They had been obliged to retire before the enemy\\nand cross to the west side of the Delaware. General Washington,\\nbelieving it probable that General Howe, the commander of the\\nBritish, would make an attempt upon Philadelphia as soon as the\\nice would enable them to cross, or before, had taken the precau-\\ntion to have all the vessels and boats removed from the Jersey\\nshore, from Philadelphia up to New Hope.\\nWriting to his brother, from the camp above the falls at\\nTrenton, December i8th, 1776, he said, in view of the number,\\ndiscipline, and position of the British army, contrasted with his\\nown, You can form no idea of the perplexity of my situation.\\nNo man, I believe, ever had a greater choice of difficulties and\\nless means to extricate himself from them. However, under a\\nfull persuasion of the justice of our cause, I cannot entertain an\\nidea that it will finally sink, though it may remain for some time\\nunder a cloud.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n165\\nSoon after this, his plan was laid for recrossing the Delaware\\nat several points, to surprise and capture the enemy posted in\\ndifferent places along the Jersey shore.\\nBut, owing to the ice, no part of the plan but that which\\nreferred to Trentton was carried into effect, and his success here\\nshowed the practicability of the whole, if the American troops\\nhad been able to cross the Delaware.\\nBut, although they were providentially prevented from car-\\nrying out their plans in this respect, yet, in another way, was\\nProvidence preparing for their success and the triumph of their\\narms.\\nThe success of the American army on the 26th of December,\\n1776, revived the hopes of the country. The dark cloud which\\nhung over the nation began to disperse, and Providence was\\npointing to the path which ultimately led to a bright and peace-\\nful day.\\nOn the 29th of the same month. General Washington, writ-\\ning to congress from Newtown, Pennsylvania, says, I am just\\nsetting out to attempt a second passage over the Delaware with\\nthe troops that were with me on the morning of the 26th.\\nGeneral Cadwalader crossed over on the 27th, and is at Borden-\\ntown with about one thousand eight hundred men. General\\nMifflin will be to-day at Bordentown, with about one thousand\\nsix hundred more. And he adds, in view of the measures pro-\\nposed to be pursued, I think a fair opportunity is offered of driv-\\ning the enemy entirely from Jersey, or, at least, to the extremity\\nof the province.\\nOn Monday morning, the 30th of December, 1776, General\\nWashington recrossed the Delaware himself; but, owing to the\\ngreat quantity of drifting ice, his troops did not all reach Trenton\\ntill the evening of the 31st; and at this critical moment the\\narmy was likely to be diminished to a mere handful, as the time\\nof service of the Continental troops expired that evening. But\\nafter much persuasion and the receipt of ten dollars bounty, by\\neach, about one thousand four hundred of them re-enlisted for\\nsix weeks.\\nThese, with about three thousand six hundred Pennsylvania", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "1 66 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nmilitia, under Generals Cadwalader and Mifflin, composed\\nWashington s army at this time.\\nOn the 31st of December, 1776, a foraging party of the enemy\\nwas surprised and captured by a small company of dragoons\\nunder the command of Colonel Joseph Reed. From these\\nprisoners General Washington learned the strength of the\\nBritish army which lay at Princeton, and also their intention\\nto advance upon the American army at Trenton.\\nThe following account of the battle of Trenton was published\\nby order of congress, who received it from the council of safety,\\nas coming from an officer of distinction in the army. We\\nhere extract it from the Connecticut Journal of January 22d,\\n1777.\\nHeadquarters, Newtown, Bucks county, December 27th,\\n1776. It was determined some days ago that our army should\\npass over to Jersey at three different places, and attack the\\nenemy. Accordingly, about two thousand five hundred men\\nand twenty brass field-pieces, with his excellency General Wash-\\nington at their head, and Major-General Sullivan and General\\nGreene in command of two divisions, passed over on the night\\nof Christmas, and about three o clock in the morning were on\\ntheir march, by two routes, towards Trenton. The night was\\nsleety and cold, and the roads so slippery that it was day-break\\nwhen we were two miles from Trenton.\\nBut happily the enemy were not apprised of our design,\\nand our advanced parties were on their guard, at half a mile\\nfrom the town, where General Sullivan s and General Greene s\\ndivisions came into the same road. Their guard gave our\\nadvanced parties several smart fires as we drove them but we\\nsoon got two field-pieces at play, and several others in a short\\ntime and one of our columns pushing down on the right while\\nthe other advanced on the left into town. The enemy, consist-\\ning of about one thousand five hundred Hessians, under Colonel\\nRahl, formed and made some smart fires from their musketry\\nand six field-pieces but our people pressed from every quarter\\nand drove them from their cannon. They retired towards a\\nfield, behind a piece of woods, up the creek from Trenton, and\\nformed in two bodies, which I expected would have brought on", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n167\\na smart action from the troops who had formed very near them\\nbut at that instant, as I came in full view of them from the back\\nof the wood, with his excellency General Washington, an officer\\ninformed him that one party had grounded their arms, and sur-\\nrendered prisoners.\\nThe others soon followed their example, except a part\\nwhich had got off, in the hazy weather, towards Princeton. A\\nparty of their light-horse made off on our first appearance.\\nToo much praise cannot be given to our officers and men of\\nevery regiment, who seemed to vie with each other and by\\ntheir active and spirited behavior they soon put an honorable\\nsisue to this glorious day.\\nI was immediately sent off with the prisoners to McConkey s\\nferry, and have got about seven hundred and fifty safe in town,\\nand a few miles from here, on this side of the ferry, viz., one\\nlieutenant-colonel, two majors, four captains, seven lieutenants,\\nand eight ensigns.\\nWe left Colonel Rahl, the commandant, wounded, on his\\nparole, and several other officers and wounded men, at Trenton.\\nWe lost but two of our men that I can hear of a few wounded\\nand one brave officer. Captain Washington, who assisted in\\nsecuring their artillery, wounded in both hands.\\nThe place of surrender was in the orchard, at the corner of\\nHanover and Stockton streets, as near as can now be ascertained.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XL\\nSecond battle, or Cannonading of Trenton- Battle of Princeton\\nEagle tavern Council of war Retreat of the Americans by\\nthe Sandtown road, across Quaker bridge, to Stony Brook\\nDeath of General Mercer Major Trent Obituary notice of\\nthe death of Judge Trent Destruction of the bridges in Warren\\nand Greene sti eets Destruction of Trenf s old tnill by flood\\nM. Mc Calf s purchase Destruction of the American inn by fire.\\nWHEN the Hessians were captured at Trenton, the several\\ndetachments of the British troops which were stationed\\nat Burlington, Mount Holly, c., immediately repaired to\\nPrinceton, where they were shortly after joined by a large\\nre-enforcement from New York under Lord Cornwallis. On\\nWednesday, the ist of January, 1777, General Washington\\nordered forward, on the Maidenhead road leading to Princeton,\\na small detachment as far as Smith s hill, late Charles Reeder s,\\nFive-Mile-Run, where they awaited the advance of the British\\nbut the advance guard of the Americans was at the village of\\nMaidenhead.\\nThe advance guard of the British on the same night were at\\nthe Eight-Mile-Run, near the residence of the late Caleb Smith\\nGreene, Esq., about a mile and a half from the village.\\nEarly the next morning, the main army of the enemy moved\\non from Princeton, meeting with little opposition until they\\nreached Smith s hill, when a little skirmishing took place with\\nthe companies under Major Miller and Colonel Hand, after\\nwhich our troops retired before the enemy to a piece of woods\\nat the Shabbakonk creek, where, as the enemy approached, they\\npoured a deadly fire upon them for a few moments, which caused", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ni6g\\nthe British to form themselves in order for battle. By this suc-\\ncessful manoeuvre of the Americans, the British were detained\\ntwo or three hours.\\nA detachment had been stationed that day by General Wash-\\nington at the northern extremity of Trenton, near Nathan\\nBeakes where they had thrown up some works, in order that\\nthey might retard the progress of the British as much as possible;\\nand when they came up, there was a brisk cannonading for about\\ntwenty minutes, when the Americans fell back into Trenton, and\\ncrossed over the Assanpink bridge at Trent s mill,* taking up\\nthe planks of the bridge after them.\\nGeneral Washington had that day planted his artillery on the\\nhigh bank on the south side of the Assanpink creek, and had\\nthrown up a breastwork across the road leading south from this\\nbridge.\\nFrom the bridge to the Delaware (about one hundred rods in\\na westerly direction), the Assanpink was fordable and from the\\nbridge the pond extended a quarter of a mile or more. Guards\\nAvere placed along the line, from the Delaware eastward, on the\\nsouth bank of the creek.\\nThe British passed down Queen street towards the bridge, and\\nwhen they had reached Tucker s corner, (the southwest corner\\nof State and Greene streets), some well-directed shots from the\\nartillery on the south side of the bridge caused them to wheel\\nabout and retire to the high ground at the north of the town^\\nwhere they encamped for the night.\\nA few British were in a room in the old court-hou^e, (now the\\nTrenton Bank), which commanded a view of the American posi-\\ntion at the Assanpink bridge, and some of them were killed by\\na cannon-shot fired by the Americans, which knocked down a\\npart of the wall.\\n*This, the Queen (now Greene) street bridge, was the only bridge over the\\ncreek at that time, and was a wooden structure. It was built in 1762, and was\\ncarried away by the flood of 1820, and rebuilt of stone in 1822. The Warren\\nstreet bridge was built the same year. The Greene street bridge was about\\none-third as wide as it now is, being considerably widened in 1843, again\\nin 1870. The south arch was erected in 1843.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "170\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nA crisis had arrived of the most fearful character. Owing to\\nthe state of the river the ice being rotten to retreat across the\\nDelaware was impracticable to engage with an army so superior\\nin numbers, in discipline, and in everything but true courage\\nand right, would seem to be sacrificing all. It was truly a season\\nof terrible suspense. But, as a late writer states, the Lord\\nmaintained our right. He directed the councils of that eventful\\nnight guided in the right way, and led the few, but valiant, to\\nvictory.\\nGeneral Washington, with his officers, held a council of war\\nthat evening in the house in Broad street now in the occupation\\nof the Rev. George F. Gardiner as a parsonage.\\nThe facts above stated were obtained from Mr. John Beller-\\njeau, who was about ten years of age at that time, and living near\\nwhere the whole thing occurred. He said there was not much\\nfighting, and that on hearing the report of fire-arms, the dogs in\\nthe neighborhood ran out into the streets, and that he and some\\nother children went out after them, but their parents, alarmed\\nfor their safety, ran after the children and brought them back\\nthat the dogs again escaped into the street, and they ran after\\nthem the second time that their parents again ran out, and,\\ndriving the children back into the house, fastened them, together\\nwith the dogs, in the cellar, where they remained until the firing\\nceased.\\nThis appears the more probable from the fact that this house\\nwas a sufficient distance from the enemy s lines to insure the\\ncouncil from molestation. On the evening of this council of\\nwar, Washington sent his baggage to Bordentown and the next\\nnight he retired by the Sandtown road, across Quaker bridge, to\\nStony Brook and Princeton, and after the taking of the Hessians,\\nhe retired across the river into Pennsylvania. It therefore looks\\nreasonable that on his return into New Jersey, he would take the\\nregular turnpike road, cross the ferry, unless prevented by the\\nseverity of the weather or floating ice, and halt at the Eagle\\nhotel, that being the regular stopping-place for persons who trav-\\neled across the ferry, and thence proceed to the residence of\\nCaptain Douglass, his friend.\\nWhile the council was engaged in its deliberations, a lady.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "TRENTOlsr.lSr. J.\\n7 9 St^. Clair g ff^^ni ^i4.tvters, at ffhi^h WasJiin-gtcny ccnd^ ttis", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "m", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n171\\nsupposed to be the wife of Captain Douglass, passed through the\\nroom, observing as she went, Gentlemen, that which you are\\ntalking about will succeed referring to their plan of opera-\\ntions which proved so successful the next day.\\nGeneral Washington sent for Mr. Elias Phillips, of Maiden-\\nhead, who came into the council about ten o clock. Washing-\\nton asked him how long he had lived in the place whether he\\nwas acquainted with the direct road to the Quaker bridge,* and\\nmade other inquiries, the answers to which were taken down.\\nHe then had Patrick Lamb called in, who lived at the bridge,\\nand the answers which he gave to the questions proposed were\\nalso recorded. Ezekiel Anderson was also sent for, and after\\nquestioning him and finding all their answers to agree respecting\\nthe road and the country, Washington appointed these men as\\nguides for his army that night. Having given orders to the men\\nwho were engaged in throwing up a breastwork on the south\\nbank of the Assanpink, (now known as Quintin s Washington s\\nRetreat), to continue their work until it should be necessary to\\nretire for their own safety, and directing the fires to be renewed\\nand kept up, about midnight he ordered the army to march off.\\nTaking the lower road, through Sandtown and across Quaker\\nbridge, they reached the Stony brook at the Quaker meeting-\\nhouse early on Friday morning, the 3d of January, where the\\nbattle which drove the enemy from this part of New Jersey was\\nso successfully fought. But many of our brave men fell on this\\nmemorable morning, and aiiiong them was the gallant General\\nMercer, who first engaged the enemy, and who fell at an early\\nhour, covered with wounds.\\nThe late Dr. Moses Scott, of New Brunswick, with other sur-\\ngeons, was with General Mercer under the tree, after the battle,\\nand said that he had received sixteen wounds by the bayonet,\\nthough these were not thought by the general himself, (who was\\na physician) to be necessarily mortal, but that while lying on the\\nground, a British soldier had struck him on the head with his\\n*This bridge is over the Assanpink, a mile or two south of the road from\\nTrenton througli the village of Lawrenceville to Princeton, and nearly equi-\\ndistant from both towns.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "172\\nHTSTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nmusket, and that, said he, was a dishonorable act, and it\\nwill prove my death. He lived but a few days.\\nIt is said that Sir William Erkskine, when the British army had\\nreached Trenton on the 2d, although it was just evening, urged\\nLord Cornwallis to engage the Americans immediately but\\nCornwallis thought that the escape of Washington s army was\\nimpossible, and as his own troops were fatigued, they had better\\nrest until the next morning.\\nBut the morning light discovered his error. Chagrined and\\ndismayed, he retraced, with anxiety and haste, his steps towards\\nPrinceton, and did not attempt to pursue the American army,\\nwhich had retired towards Pluckemin, but hastened his march to\\nNew Brunswick, where he had left his baggage and military\\nstores.\\nThe following account is taken from the Connecticut\\nJournal of January 22d, 1777, just twenty days after the\\nbattle occurred, and purports to have come from an officer\\nwho was in the engagement.\\nHe says Immediately after the taking of the Hessians at\\nTrenton, on the 26th of December, 1776, our army retreated\\nover the Delaware, and remained there for several days, and\\nthen returned and took possession of Trenton, where they\\nremained quiet until Thursday, the 2d of January, at which\\ntime, the enemy having collected a large force at Princeton,\\nmarched down in a body of four or five thousand to attack our\\npeople at Trenton.\\nThrough Trenton there runs a small river,* over which\\nthere is a small bridge.f\\nGeneral Washington, aware of the enemy s approach, drew\\nhis army, (about equal to the enemy) over that bridge, in order\\nto have the advantage of the said river and of the higher ground\\non the farther side. J\\nNot long before sunset the enemy marched into Trenton,\\n*The Assanpink creek.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2f Greene street bridge.\\nNow Quintin s Washington s Retreat.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n^73\\nand after reconnoitering our situation, drew up in solid column,\\nin order to force the bridge, which they attempted to do with\\ngreat vigor, at ^hree several times, and were as often broken by\\nour artillery, and obliged to retreat and give over the attempt,\\nafter suffering great loss, supposed to be at least ofze htindred\\na7id fifty killed.\\nBy this time night came on, and General Washington\\nordered fires to be kindled and everything disposed of for\\nthe night.\\nBut after all was quiet, he ordered a silent retreat, drew off\\nhis army to the right, marched all night in a round-about road,\\nand next morning arrived with his army at Princeton.\\nAll this was done without any knowledge of the enemy,\\nwho, in the morning were in the utmost confusion, not knowing\\nwhich way our army had gone until the firing at Princeton gave\\nthem information.\\nHere is another account of the battle of the Assanpink, and is\\ngiven as related by an eye-witness, and which was published in\\nthe Princeton Whig, November 4th, 1842.\\nWhen the army under Washington, in the year 76, retreated\\nover the Delaware, I was with them. At that time there remained\\nin Jersey only a small company of riflemen, hiding themselves\\nbetween New Brunswick and Princeton.\\nDoubtless, when Washington reached the Pennsylvania side\\nof the river, he expected to be so re-enforced as to enable him\\neffectually to prevent the British from reaching Philadelphia.\\nBut in this he was disappointed. Finding that he must\\nachieve victory with what men he had, and so restore confidence\\nto his countrymen, it was then that the daring plan was laid to\\nrecross the river, break the enemy s line of communications,\\nthreaten their depot at New Brunswick, and thus prevent their\\nadvancing to Philadelphia, which was only delayed until the\\nriver should be bridged by the ice. But Washington anticipated\\nthem. I was not with the troops who crossed to the capture of\\nthe Hessians. It was in the midst of a December storm that I\\nhelped to re-establish the troops and prisoners on the Penn-\\nsylvania shore.\\nThe weather cleared cold, and in a few days we crossed on\\nP*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "174\\nins TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nthe ice to Trenton. Shortly afterwards a thaw commenced,\\nwhich rendered the river impassable, and consequently the\\nsituation of the army extremely critical.\\nIn the morning of the day on which the battle of the Assun-\\npink was fought, I, with several others, was detached under the\\ncommand of Captain Longstreet, with orders to collect as many\\nmen as we could in the country between Princeton, Cranbury,\\nand Rhode Hall, and then unite ourselves with the company\\nof riflemen who had remained in that neighborhood.\\nWe left Trenton by the nearest road to Princeton, and\\nadvanced nearly to the Shabbakonk, (a small brook near Tren-\\nton), when we were met by a little negro on horseback, gallop-\\ning down the hill, who called to us that the British army were\\nbefore us. One of our party ran a little way up the hill, and\\njumped upon the fence, from which he beheld the British army\\nwithin less than a half a mile of us. And now commenced a\\nrace for Trenton. We fortunately escaped capture yet the\\nenemy were so near, that before we crossed the bridge over the\\nAssunpink, some of our troops on the Trenton side of the creek,\\nwith a field- piece, motioned to us to get out of the street while\\nthey fired at the British at the upper end of it. Not being on\\nduty, we had nothing to do but choose our position and view\\nthe battle.\\nWashington s army was drawn up on the south side of the\\nAssunpink, with its left on the Delaware river, and its right\\nextending a considerable way up the mill-pond, along the face\\nof the hill where the factories now stand.*\\nThe troops were placed one above the other, so that they\\nappeared to cover the whole slope from bottom to top, which\\nbrought a great many muskets within shot of the bridge.\\nWithin seventy or eighty yards of the bridge, and directly\\nin front of it, and in the road, as many pieces of artillery as\\ncould be managed were stationed.\\nWe took our station on the high ground behind the right,\\nwhere we had a fair view of our line, as far as the curve of the\\nThis was a very high hill, extending from Greene to Warren streets, and\\nhas been taken away recently.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n175\\nhill would permit, the bridge and street beyond being in full\\nview.\\nThe British did not delay the attack. They were formed\\nin two columns, the one marching down Greene street to carry\\nthe bridge, and the other down Main [now Warren] street to\\nford the creek, near where the lower bridge now stands.\\nFrom the nature of the ground, and being on the left, this\\nattack (simultaneous with the one on the bridge) I was not able\\nto see.\\nIt was repelled and eye-witnesses say that the creek was\\nnearly filled with their dead. The other column moved slowly\\ndown the street, with their choicest troops in front. When\\nwithin about sixty yards of the bridge, they raised a shout and\\nrushed to the charge.\\nIt was then that our men poured upon them from musketry\\nand artillery a shower of bullets, under which however, they\\ncontinued to advance, though their speed was diminished and\\nas the column reached the bridge it moved slower and slower\\nuntil the head of it was gradually pressed nearly over, when our\\nfire became so destructive, that they broke their ranks and fled.\\nIt was then that our army raised a shout, and such a shout I\\nhave never since heard by what signal or word of command, I\\nknow not. The line was more than a mile in length, and from\\nthe nature of the ground, the extremes were not in sight of each\\nother, yet they shouted as one man.\\nThe British column halted instantly; the officers restored\\nthe ranks, and again they rushed to the bridge and again was\\nthe shower of bullets poured upon them with redoubled fury.\\nThis time the column broke before it reached the centre of the\\nbridge, and their retreat was again followed by the same hearty\\nshout from our line.\\nThey returned the third time to the charge, but it was in\\nvain. We shouted after them again, but they had enough of it.\\nIt is strange that no account of the loss of the English was ever\\npublished but from what I saw it must have been great.\\nTrenton, at the time of the capture of the Hessians, was a per-\\nfect triangle Warren street formed the western side of the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "176\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ntriangle, Greene street the eastern side, and Front street the\\nsouthern side.\\nThe present city of Trenton, capital of the state of New Jer-\\nsey, is situated on the east side of the Delaware, opposite the\\nfalls or rapids, and is in forty degrees, thirteen minutes north\\nlatitude, and seventy-five degrees, forty-eight minutes west longi-\\ntude, from Greenwich, and two degrees, sixteen minutes east\\nlongitude, from Washington.\\nThe first settlements, as already stated, were made about the\\nyear 1676, one hundred years before the capture of the Hessians\\nat the same place. These settlements were made at the Falls of\\nthe Delaware by the Friends, and were on both sides of the\\nriver.*\\nThe city of Trenton is sixty miles southwest of New York,\\nthirty miles northeast from Philadelphia, ten miles southwest\\nfrom Princeton, twenty-six miles southwest from New Brunswick,\\nand one hundred and sixty-seven miles from Washington. The\\ncity is at the head of sloop navigation, on the Delaware. In the\\nspring of 1852, a steamer plied past the city, on the Delaware, as\\nhigh up as Easton, Pennsylvania, fifty-two miles north of this city.\\nThis was the first steamer that ever navigated above the falls.\\nIn the year 1822, on Thursday, the 21st of February, at nine\\no clock in the evening, the bridge in Warren street, leading\\nfrom Bloomsbury to Trenton, fell in consequence of the freshet\\nin the river. And on Friday morning, the 2 2d of February,\\nbetween eleven and twelve o clock, the old bridge in Greene\\nstreet fell with a mighty crash. The first was comparatively a\\nnew bridge, having been erected but about eighteen years, while\\nthat in Greene street had stood nearly half a century. It is related\\nof this latter bridge that a funeral procession had crossed but a\\nfew minutes before it fell.\\n*The Indians called the falls and its vicinity Saukhiccan, which included\\nboth sides of the river. The name was derived from a gun or firelock, and\\nwas given by the Delawares to a tribe of the Mohawks who occupied this\\nsection of country, they being the first who were supplied with muskets by the\\nEuropeans. That on the eastern side of the river, (Trenton) they called\\nlAttleworth, in consequence of its low situation, being liable to be carried\\naway by floods in the Delaware, which subsequently occurred.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n177\\nIn the year 1843, great flood in the Assanpink, the water\\ncame down with such tremendous force as to entirely alter the\\ncourse of the creek. It took a southerly course, and, tearing the\\nstreet away, left a chasm some sixty feet wide and about twenty\\nfeet deep, and carried away about one-half of the old stone mill,\\nbuilt by Mr. Stacy in 1680, foundation walls and all. The mill\\nhad for a number of years previous to its destruction been used\\nas a cotton factory. Gideon H. Wells was the proprietor of it.\\nIt afterwards, together with other mill property in the same\\nneighborhood, came into possession of the Wain family William\\nWain acting for a number of years as agent for the family. He\\nafterwards left the city, and William P. Israel was appointed\\nagent to carry on the business, but in 1839, when the cotton\\nmanufacturers were failing in all parts of the country in conse-\\nquence of the pressure in the money market and the tremendous\\ncompetition upon all cotton fabrics, they were induced to sus-\\npend operations.\\nIn the year 1S49, Henry McCall, of Philadelphia, purchased\\nof Mrs. Wain, of the same place, the land upon the north side\\nof the Assanpink creek, and also the mill site on the south side,\\ntogether with the water privileges connected therewith. In 1850,\\nhe erected the present stone mill for the manufacture of paper.\\nThis mill is now occupied by John G. Burke, as a paper mill.\\nIt contains eight steam engines and two paper machines, and\\nturns out one and a half tons of paper daily, which finds a\\nmarket in the cities of New York and Philadelphia. The water\\nfor bleaching is carried in iron pipes from a spring on the west\\nside of the canal, down the north bank of the creek until within\\nabout fifty yards of Greene street, when it crosses the creek just\\nabove the dam.\\nA few rods south of where the mill now stands was the old\\nTrue American Inn, destroyed by fire in 1843.\\nThis inn was kept by Mrs. Richmond, and was Washington s headquar-\\nters. During the battle, Mrs. Richmond handed General Washington a cup of\\ncoffee out of the window on a waiter. This %raiter is still in existence, having\\nbeen for a number of years in the Vanderveer family, and at the sale of the\\neffects of George Vanderveer, this venerable relic was purchased by a gentle-\\nman of this city, and is now in his possession. It should be deposited either\\nwith the historical society or the state department, as a relic.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "1 78 mSTORY OF TRENTON.\\nThe following account is copied from the State Gazette of\\nTuesday, the 28th of March, 1843, which I believe to be cor-\\nrect, except that part which states that General Washington\\nheld his council of war there the night preceding the battle of\\nTrenton, whereas he held it at the old Douglass house, in Broad\\nstreet\\nThe old True American Inn, on Mill Hill, was destroyed\\nby fire this (Tuesday) morning. The fire began, it is said, in\\nthe bar-room, but it was not discovered until the lower, part af\\nthe house was in flames, and the upper story filled with fire and\\nsmoke.\\nThe morning was very stormy, and no one, we suppose, was\\npassing in the streets on which account it was not sooner\\ndiscovered.\\nThe name of the keeper of the inn is Henry Katzenbach.\\nWhen the persons asleep in the house were awakened, the smoke\\nwas so dense that they^ could scarcely stagger their way out.\\nJohn Bozer, a boarder, had barely time to escape with his life,\\nafter running to the front room and awakening two men who\\nwere lodging there. These men did not escape, and their black,\\ncrisped remains were taken from the ruins this morning. The\\ntrunks of the bodies, a shapeless and most shocking sight,\\nwithout the legs, and one of them without a head, are all that\\nremain.\\nWe learn from the person who first reached the fire that\\nthose who escaped from the house were so terrified that they\\nrushed to the barn, fastened themselves in, as if pursued by a\\ndemon, and shouted frantically for help.\\nAt this time, a woman appeared at a window of the third\\nstory,* shrieking for help, and crying out that she could not get\\ndown the stairs for the smoke and flames.\\nNo ladder could be found by the few persons present, and\\nThis house was originally but two stories high, and frame. The sidewalk\\nwas four steps above the street, the ascent to which was by stone steps, and\\nwas cut down in 1839, when the street was graded, which gave an additional\\nstory to the house, making it three stories high, the lower one being built of\\nstone.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nIfg\\nthe woman jumped from the window and was severely injured in\\nthe hip by her fall. She was lying an hour ago in a very pain-\\nful, delicate, and dangerous situation, in the tavern opposite, in\\ngreat need of the attentions of the charitable.\\nIf supplied with those things that are necessary to her she\\nmay recover, and we implore for her the attention of some chari-\\ntable females.\\nIn the same room with this woman was a little girl, a daugh-\\nter of Mr. Katzenbach, about nine years old, who, it is said,\\npromised the woman to jump out after her. She did not, how-\\never, and was burnt to death. The remains of her little body\\nhave also been rescued from the ruins a shapeless, horrid sight.\\nThe inn-keeper, and, we believe, the inmates of the house,\\nwere Germans. The two men were strangers here, having been\\nin the town but a few days. The name of one is unknown. The\\nother s nam.e is Anthony Heiden, and he was employed in a pot-\\ntery near the Eagle tavern.\\nFour persons escaped H. Katzenbach, the keeper of the\\nhouse, his wife and son, and John Bozer, a laboring man. They\\nlost everything but one or two articles of dress. Their destitu-\\ntion and distress appeal loudly to our citizens for alleviation.\\nThe night was so stormy that the engines reached the spot\\nvery slowly, and but for the heavy rain, the fire would probably\\nhave communicated to the Eagle factory, on the one side, and\\nthe dwelling-house of Timothy Abbott, Jr., Esq., on the other-\\nThe wind blew directly upon the factory buildings. The\\ntavern was very old. It stood up on the hill, just over the As-\\nsanpink bridge, and is known in the history of the country as\\nthe headquarters of General Washington on the 2d of January,\\n1777, being the place where the council of war was held which\\ndecided upon the march upon Princeton.\\nThe fire was discovered between one and two o clock. Mr.\\nKatzenbach also jumped from the third story window, and fell\\nso as to injure his back and ribs very much. He suffered great\\npain in consequence. Both he and the woman are recovering.\\nThe house was insured for one thousand dollars, in the Bucks\\nCounty Company.\\nThe Gazette of Thursday, March 30th, 1843, also records", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "I So HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nthe following as happening the next night after the fire, and in\\nthe same neighborhood, designating it as the Flood in the As-\\nsanpink\\nThe rain and thaw of Monday caused a great freshet in the\\nAssanpink, which increased rapidly during Tuesday, and attained\\non Wednesday morning a greater height than has been known\\nfor many years, or perhaps ever.\\nOn Tuesday forenoon the creek rose so that the water ran across\\njGreene street above the factory, and the stream at nightfall had\\nbecome rapid and turbulent, and threatened to throw down the\\nold Ewing house,* around both sides of which it was cutting\\ndeep gullies, in its way back to the creek.\\nThe furniture was removed from the lower story of the house,\\nwhich was flooded with water, and as the violence of the stream\\nincreased, the danger to the house became more imminent, until\\nabout nine o clock, when the water on the south side of the\\nbridge cut a channel across the street, and on the north side con-\\nsequently subsided it.\\nFor sometime before this, the water had been forcing its way\\non the south side, through an old trunk, f unused for years, run-\\nning from the creek, on the east side of the stone factory, to an\\nold weave shop, on the west side of Greene street, and at eight\\no clock the subterranean channel was so enlarged that the south-\\neast corner of the stone mill fell in.|\\nAbout nine o clock the road fell in, and the deep cut of the\\nw aters below was exposed, across it and through the old weave\\nshop, down to the Assanpink, west of the bridge.\\nThis house is still standing on the west side of Greene street, at the corner\\nof Washington, the fifth door north of the bridge, and was the residence of\\nChief Justice Ewing formany years.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2j- The weave shop was a high and narrow frame building, and had been\\nunoccupied as a manufacturing establishment for many years. It was used as\\na store room at the time of its destruction.\\nX This was Trent s old mill, built in 1680, by Mahlon Stacy, and occupied\\nby him as a grist-mill until its sale to Mr. Trent, by whom it was rebuilt and\\nenlarged. It was the first building erected in Trenton for a mill, and the\\nsecond mill in the state.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. l8i\\nJust before it fell, people were crossing frequently, and Mr.\\nGaddis, keeper of the prison, drove over but a few minutes\\nbefore.\\nAt ten o clock the southeastern part of the stone mill fell.\\nThe channel of the water was washed wider and wider through\\nthe night, and increased towards the south so far as to carr}^\\naway a building adjoining the rear of the factory store.\\nAs the cut deepened, the quantity of water passing through\\nit of course became greater, until the larger part of the creek\\nrushed through in a very tumultuous stream, which, setting\\nacross the old channel of the creek, struck against the northern-\\nshore with great violence, and swept away the gardens lying;\\nthere.\\nWe hear that the meadows lying on the Assanpink a few\\nmiles east of Trenton have been much overflowed. The Dela-\\nware has not risen a great deal.\\nThe snow still lies upon the gravel islands.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XII.\\nWashington s receptioji at Trenton in 1789 An unpublished note\\nof General Washington to the ladies of Trenton Population of\\nthe city in 1810, 20, 40, 50, 55, 60, 70 Capital ifwested\\nin arts and manufactories Roads, traveling, etc. Blazing\\nStar Terry Delaware atid Raritan Canal and Camden and\\nAmboy Railroad.\\nAFTER the contest was over, in which these United States\\nwere engaged with the mother country, and they had\\nshaken off the yoke of oppression, and the British government\\nhad acknowledged their independence. General Washington was\\nchosen the first chief magistrate of the confederated union, to\\npreside over the interests, administer the laws, and guide the\\ncounsels of the infant republic. And who more competent than\\nhe who had fought and achieved those liberties, to protect them\\nand guide them from abuse.\\nOn the 14th of April, 1789, Mr. Charles Thompson presented\\nto General Washington, at Mount Vernon, the certificate, signed\\nby the president of the senate, stating that he was unanimously\\nelected chief magistrate of the United States.\\nOn receiving this communication, the General said: I wish\\nthat there may not be reason for regretting this choice, for\\nindeed all I can promise is to accomplish that which can be\\ndone by an honest zeal.\\nHe immediately left Mount Vernon for New York, to take\\nupon himself the responsibilities devolving upon him as presi-\\ndent of the United States and in every place through which\\nhe passed he was received with the strongest demonstrations of\\ngladness and respect the heart-felt gratitude of a grateful people", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "r\\no\\ncc\\n_i\\nT\\nU-\\nn\\n(r\\nh\\n0)\\nlU\\n(D\\nX\\nh\\n-p\\n-o\\nz\\nffi\\no\\n1-\\no\\nz\\nCO\\nhi", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON: 183.\\nto one who delivered his country from the iron hand of mon-\\narchy and despotism.\\nMarshall says, in his Life of Washington, vol. 5, page 159,\\nAt Trenton, which had been the scene of his deep anxieties\\nand of his triumphs, he was welcomed in a manner as new as it\\nwas pleasing.\\nIn addition to the usual demonstrations of respect and\\nattachment, which were given by the discharge of cannon, by\\nmilitary corps, and by private persons of distinction, the gentler\\nsex prepared in their own taste a tribute of applause, indicative\\nof the grateful recollection in which they held their deliverance\\ntwelve years before, from an insulting foe.\\nOn the bridge over the creek,* (Assanpink), which passes\\nthrough the town, was erected a triumphal arch, highly orna-\\nmented with laurels and flowers, and supported by thirteenf\\npillars, each entwined with wreaths of evergreens. On the front\\nof the arch was inscribed, in large gilt letters\\nThe Defender of the Mothers\\nWILL BE the\\nProtector of the Daughters.\\nIn the centre of the arch, above the inscription, was a dome\\nor cupola of flowers and evergreens, encircling the dates of two\\nmemorable events, which were peculiarly interesting to New\\nJersey.\\nThe first was the battle of Trenton, and the second the bold\\nand judicious stand made by the American troops at the same\\ncreek, by which the progress of the British army was arrested oa\\nthe evening preceding the battle of Princeton.\\nAt this place. General Washington was met by a party of\\nmatrons, leading their daughters, dressed in white, who carried\\nbaskets of flowers in their hands, and sang, with exquisite sweet-\\nness, an ode of two stanzas, composed for the occasion, (it is be-\\nlieved by Governor Howell), as follows\\nIn Greene street.\\nf Representing the thirteen original states.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "Cg4 HISTORY OF TRENTON,\\nWelcome, mighty chief, once more\\nWelcome to this grateful shore\\nNow no mercenary foe\\nAims again the fatal blow\\nAims at thee the fatal blow.\\nVirgins fair and matrons grave\\nThose thy conquering arms did save\\nBuild for thee triumphal bowers,\\nStrew, ye fair, his way with flowers\\nStrew your hero s way with flowers.\\nAnd at the end of the last line, the flowers were strewn before\\nhim.\\nOn the north or Trenton side of the bridge, (the south at that\\ntime being called Mill hill), over the Assanpink, and near the\\ntriumphal arch erected on the bridge, were arranged the ladies\\nof the city. In front of these were the young ladies who were\\nto sing the ode prepared for the occasion and others, still\\nyounger, were ready with the flowers they were to strew in the\\npath of the hero, whose approach they waited to greet.\\nIn passing the arch, and as the choir began their song, Wash-\\nington turned his horse s head towards them, took off his hat,\\nand listened evidently with the deepest emotion.\\nAfter the ceremonies at the arch were concluded, he halted at\\none of the hotels* in the city, where he received the visits of the\\ncitizens.\\nHe then proceeded to Princeton, accompanied by a number\\nof gentlemen, among whom was the Rev. J. F. Armstrong, f an\\nintimate and personal friend of General Washington throughout\\nthe war.\\nWhile in Princeton, Washington gave Mr. Armstrong the fol-\\nlowing note:\\nGeneral Washington cannot leave this place without express-\\ning his acknowledgments to the matrons and young ladies who\\nreceived him in so novel and grateful a manner, at the triumphal\\n*The City hotel, on the comer of State and Warren streets, where the\\nMechanics Bank now stands, kept at that time by Joseph Broadhurst.\\nMr. Annstrong was at that time pastor of the First Presbyterian Church.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n185\\narch in Trenton, for the exquisite sensation he experienced in\\nthat affecting moment.\\nThe astonishing contrast between his former and actual situ-\\nation at the spot the elegant taste with which it was adorned\\nfor the present occasion, and the innocent appearance of the\\nwhite-robed choir, who met him with a gratulatory song, have\\nmade such impressions upon his remembrance as he assures them\\nwill never be effaced. Trenton, April 21st, 1789.\\nThis note, says a late writer, brief, but graceful and ele-\\ngant, depicting most vividly the whole scene and its impressions,\\nwas read to the ladies of Trenton, called together for the purpose,\\nat the house of Judge Smith. It was then deposited in the hands\\nof Mrs. Smith. At the death of the judge, it passed into the\\nhands of his adopted daughter. Miss Lydia Imlay, who preserved\\nit with the care due to its origin and associations until shortly\\nbefore her death, Avhen she gave it, as a valued legacy, to the\\nlate Chief Justice Ewing. By his care it was placed in a hand-\\nsome frame, and is now preserved by his family as a sacred relic.\\nThe arch was preserved on the premises of the Misses Barnes,\\nin Warren street, near the Episcopal Church, until 1824, when\\nit was placed in front of the capitol, at the gate of entrance, to\\ngrace the reception of General Lafayette when on his way to the\\nassembly room, where he was addressed by the mayor, Robert\\nMcNeely, Esq., and exchanged congratulations with the citizens.\\nThe remnant of this arch was again used on the loth of May,\\n1855, when it was erected across Chancery court, on the occa-\\nsion of a grand firemen s parade in honor of the visit of the\\nPhoenix Hose Company, of Easton, Pennsylvania, to this city.\\nThe remains of the arch are now in the possession of the\\nMisses Armstrong, of this city.\\nMr. Benjamin S. Disbrow has made several elegant boxes and\\nother small articles, which are inlaid with a part of the wood\\nof the arch.\\nIn 1 810, the total population of Trenton was three thousand,\\nproportioned as follows\\nQ*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "lg6 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON:\\nFree white males, 1,282\\nFree white females, 1,265\\nTotal whites, 2,547\\nAll other persons, except Indians, not taxed, 272\\nSlaves, 181\\nTotal population, 3,000\\nIn 1820, the total population was three thousand nine hundred\\nand forty-two, proportioned as follows\\nFree white males, 1,598\\nFree white females, 1,744\\nTotal whites, 3,342\\nFree persons of color males, 221\\nFree persons of color females, 294\\nSlaves males, 39\\nSlaves females, 46\\nTotal population, 3,942\\nThis number was sub-divided as follows\\nForeigners, not naturalized, 40\\nEngaged in agriculture, _ 227\\nEngaged in manufactures, _ 4^3\\nEngaged in commerce, _ 43\\nIn 1^43, the population of Trenton, including the borough of\\nSouth Trenton, was upwards of six thousand. Of this number\\nthere were in the city proper four thousand and thirty-five, the\\nremaining one thousand nine hundred and sixty-five being in\\nSouth Trenton.\\nIn the city proper, in 1840, there were one hundred and three\\npersons engaged in commerce, five hundred and seventy-one in\\nmanufactures and trades, and forty-one in the learned professions.\\nIn 1845, t^^^ ci^y proper, stood the old capitol building,\\none hundred feet front by sixty feet deep, built of stone, and\\nstuccoed in imitation of granite. This building was erected in\\n1 794, together with the governor s residence and two banks. The", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "HTSTOR Y OF TRENTON. 1 8 7\\nTrenton Bank, which is next to the oldest in the state, was incor-\\nporated in 1804, with a capital of two hundred and ten thou-\\nsand dollars, which was afterwards increased to four hundred and\\nfifty thousand dollars. The Mechanics and Manufacturers Bank\\nwas incorporated February 19th, 1834, with a capital of one\\nhundred and twenty-five thousand dollars. In 1854, the capital\\nstock was increased to two hundred and twenty-five thousand\\ndollars, and again to five hundred thousand dollars.\\nThe State Library was established in 182 1, and contained five\\nthousand four hundred volumes of law, state legislative, judicial,\\nand congressional documents, besides two thousand miscella-\\nneous works, making in all, seven thousand four hundred volumes.\\nIn 1837, a City Hall was built, and a lyceum established, called\\nthe Trenton Institute, and seven churches, (now increased to\\ntwentyfour), divided at that time as follows one Presbyterian,\\none Dutch Reformed, one Episcopal, two Friends one Metho-\\ndist, and one African Methodist.\\nSouth Trenton, at that time, contained the Mercer County\\nCourt-house and offices pertaining to the same, the State Prison,\\nState Arsenal, and three churches one Baptist, one Reformed\\nBaptist, and one Catholic.\\nThere were in Trenton proper, fifty retail stores, with a capital\\nof one hundred and ninety-six thousand dollars. Four lumber\\nyards capital, four thousand nine hundred dollars. Three tan-\\nneries, one brewery, one pottery, and three paper mills, with\\na capital of three hundred thousand dollars. One rope-walk,\\ntwo flouring mills, two grist mills, three saw mills, three printing\\noffices, three newspapers two of which were published weekly,\\nand one tri-weekly two book-binderies, four academies, with\\none hundred and four students, and ten schools, with three hun-\\ndred and fourteen scholars.\\nIn 1850, when the census was taken, Trenton proper was\\ndivided into two wards, designated as the east and west wards\\nof the city of Trenton.\\nIn the east ward there were six hundred and eighty-four\\ndwellings, and five thousand one hundred and nineteen inhabi-\\ntants, consisting of seven hundred and twenty-seven families.\\nThere were fifty-four deaths during the year.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "1 88 HISTORY OF TRENTOh\\nThere were one hundred and fifty-two acres of improved land\\nin the ward, and fifteen acres unimproved, making a total of one\\nhundred and sixty-seven acres, the value of which was, at that\\ntime, twenty-two thousand five hundred dollars. Value of farm-\\ning implements and machinery, one thousand two hundred and\\nseventy dollars. Amount invested in marble and stone yards,\\neleven thousand dollars. Amount of yearly sales, nine thousand\\ndollars. Amount invested in saw mills, planing mill, and sash\\nand blind factory, thirty thousand five hundred dollars, and a\\nyearly business amounting to sixteen thousand eight hundred\\ndollars. Amount invested in nurseries, eight thousand dollars,\\nwith a yearly business of two thousand dollars. Amount invested\\nin woolen factory, two thousand dollars. In iron manufactory,\\nforty-three thousand three hundred dollars. In machinery,\\ntwelve thousand dollars. In the book business, seven thousand\\ndollars. In the paper business, two thousand dollars. In blank\\nbook manufacturing, five thousand dollars. In the tobacco busi-\\nness, twenty-five thousand dollars in leaf tobacco, eight thou-\\nsand dollars, and in segars, fourteen thousand seven hundred\\ndollars. In the tin business, three thousand eight hundred dol-\\nlars. Tin-ware and stoves, eleven thousand seven hundred\\ndollars. In porcelain teeth manufacturing, two thousand five\\nhundred dollars. In the shoe business, nineteen thousand five\\nhundred dollars. In hatting, two thousand dollars. In cabinet\\nmaking, two thousand dollars. In the clothing business, eleven\\nthousand dollars. In confectionery, two thousand dollars. In\\nupholstery, one thousand one hundred dollars. In brush making,\\nthree thousand two hundred and fifty dollars.\\nThese different branches of art gave employment to about two\\nhundred male and one hundred female operatives. Total amount\\ninvested in business pursuits in the east ward in 1850, two hun-\\ndred and eighty-three thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars.\\nIn 1850, there were twenty-seven deaths in the west ward.\\nNumber of dwellings, four hundred and four. Number of fami-\\nlies, four hundred and seventy-seven, and three thousand three\\nhundred and eighteen inhabitants. In this ward was located the\\noffice of the Trenton Gas Light Company, with a capital stock of\\none hundred thousand dollars cash paid in, fifty-six thousand", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON: 1 8g\\ndollars. Amount invested in blacksmithing, one thousand two\\nhundred dollars. In wheelwrighting, one thousand dollars. In\\npaper manufacturing, fifty-four thousand dollars. In saw mills,\\nforty-six thousand dollars. In the manufacture of sash and\\nblinds, six thousand dollars. In grist and flouring mills, thirty-\\ntwo thousand dollars. In upholstery, one thousand dollars. In\\ntanneries and skin dressing, twenty-six thousand dollars. In the\\ncigar business, two thousand dollars. In clothing, one thousand\\ndollars. In shoemaking, two thousand dollars. In the cabinet\\nbusiness, six thousand five hundred dollars. In the soap and\\ncandle business, eight thousand dollars. In baking, one thou-\\nsand dollars. In cedar-ware, one thousand dollars. Total\\ninvested in business pursuits in the west ward, two hundred and\\nthirty-eight thousand seven hundred dollars.\\nThe different branches of business in the west ward gave\\nemployment to about one hundred and fifty individuals. Besides\\nthe capital above enumerated, there was invested in farms located\\nin the west ward, seventy thousand dollars, and in farm imple-\\nments, eight thousand dollars.\\nThus, in the city proper, including all north of the Assanpink,\\nthe amount invested in the diiferent industrial pursuits in 1850,\\nwas six hundred thousand dollars. Value of real estate in the\\ncity, three million dollars. Inhabitants, eight thousand four\\nhundred and thirty-seven.\\nValue of real estate in that part of Nottingham, afterwards\\nforming the borough of South Trenton, and now forming the\\nthird and fourth wards of the city, one thousand three hundred\\ndollars. Total valuation of real estate in the city proper and the\\nborough of South Trenton, four million three hundred thousand\\ndollars.\\nTrenton, in 1855, contained seventy-nine streets, five alleys or\\nsmall streets. Chancery court, and the Dark lane, with real\\nestate amounting to about ten million dollars.\\nThe following is the population of Trenton according to the\\ncensus of 1855\\nNative males in first ward, nine hundred and eighteen, females\\none thousand and three, foreign males two hundred and forty-\\nfive, females two hundred and forty-five, colored males twenty,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "190\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTOJSr.\\nfemales twenty-seven total, two thousand four hundred and\\nfourteen. Second ward, native males eight hundred and ninety-\\nsix, females one thousand and two, foreign males three hundred\\nand four, females three hundred and ninety-five, colored males\\nninety-three, females one hundred and thirty-four total, two\\nthousand eight hundred and twenty-four. Third ward, native\\nmales five hundred and sixty-nine, females five hundred and eighty-\\nnine, foreign males four hundred and five, females three hundred\\nand sixty-six, colored males one, females two total, one thou-\\nsand nine hundred and thirty-two. Fourth ward, native males\\nsix hundred and fifty, females six hundred and seventy-three,\\nforeign males four hundred and ninety-seven, females four hun-\\ndred and twenty-eight, colored males seven, females fourteen\\ntotal, two thousand two hundred and sixty-nine. Fifth ward,\\nnative males, four hundred and eighty-five, females six hundred\\nand ten, foreign males two hundred and fifty-four, females two\\nhundred and seventy-three, colored males thirty-nine, females\\nsixty-nine total, one thousand seven hundred and thirty.\\nTotal native males three thousand five hundred and eighteen,\\nfemales three thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven, foreign\\nmales one thousand one hundred and sixty-one, females one\\nthousand seven hundred and seven, colored males one hundred\\nand sixty-one, females two hundred and forty-six. Total popu-\\nlation, eleven thousand one hundred and sixty-nine.\\nIn i860, the population was as follows: First ward, males\\none thousand one hundred and four, females one thousand three\\nhundred and thirty-one, colored males twelve, females thirty\\ntotal, two thousand four hundred and forty-seven. Second ward,\\nmales one thousand three hundred and ninety-eight, females one\\nthousand six hundred and seventy-nine, colored males one hun-\\ndred and forty-two, females one hundred and seventy-nine\\ntotal, three thousand three hundred and ninety-eight. Third\\nward, males one thousand nine hundred, females one thousand\\nseven hundred and eighteen, colored males fifty-three, females\\nseventeen total, three thousand six hundred and eighty-eight.\\nFourth ward, males one thousand six hundred and fifty-three,\\nfemales one thousand six hundred and seventy-five, colored\\nmales six, females sixteen total, three thousand three hundred", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n191\\nand fifty. Fifth ward, males one thousand six hundred and\\nfour, females one thousand seven hundred and forty-nine, col-\\nored males, eighty-nine, females one hundred and twenty-six\\ntotal, three thousand five hundred and sixty-eight. Sixth ward,\\nmales three hundred and eighty-seven, females three hundred\\nand fifty-five, colored males one, females four total, seven hun-\\ndred and forty-seven.\\nTotal white males eight thousand and forty-six, females eight\\nthousand five hundred and seven, colored males three hundred\\nand three, females three hundred and seventy-two. Total popu-\\nlation, seventeen thousand two hundred and twenty-eight.\\nIn 1870, the population was as follows: First ward, two thou-\\nsand nine hundred and twenty-five; second ward, two thousand\\nsix hundred and nineteen third ward, four thousand six hun-\\ndred and eight fourth ward, four thousand one hundred and\\nfifty-seven fifth ward, four thousand one hundred and ten\\nsixth ward, one thousand one hundred and ten seventh ward,\\nthree thousand three hundred and ninety; total population,\\ntwenty-two thousand nine hundred and nineteen.\\nThe industrial pursuits are as follows Agricultural imple-\\nments capital invested ninety thousand dollars; hands em-\\nployed, forty-five. Anvils, fifty thousand dollars hands, fifteen.\\nBaking, seventy-eight thousand eight hundred dollars hands,\\nninety-seven. Bleaching, one thousand dollars; hands, five.\\nBottling, thirty-nine thousand dollars; hands, ten. Boot and\\nshoe making, twenty-six thousand three hundred and ninety-five\\ndollars hands, one hundred and fourteen. Bow making, forty\\nthousand dollars hands twenty-six. Brass founding, two hun-\\ndred dollars hands, two. Blacksmithing, eleven thousand nine\\nhundred and fifty dollars hands, thirty-one. Brick making,\\nsixteen thousand dollars hands, forty. Bonnet making, one\\nthousand dollars hands, three. Broom making, six hundred\\ndollars hands, one. Brush making, eight thousand dollars\\nhands, six. Builders, eighty-eight thousand six hundred and fifty\\ndollars hands, two hundred and thirty-three. Cigar box making,\\nthree hundred dollars; hands, two. Car building, twenty-five\\nthousand dollars; hands, thirty. Cabinet making, three thou-\\nsand three hundred dollars hands, seven. Chain making, sixty-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "ig2\\nHJSTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nfive thousand eight hundred dollars j hands, eighty-four. Carpet\\nweaving, one thousand four hundred dollars hands, ten. Coffee\\nand spices, thirty thousand dollars hands, twelve. Confection-\\neries, eighteen thousand five hundred dollars; hands, twenty-\\nsix. Druggists, seven thousand five hundred dollars hands,\\nnine. Fertilizers, thirteen thousand dollars hands, seven.\\nFlour mills, one hundred and three thousand five hundred dol-\\nlars hands, thirty. Flint and spar, five thousand dollars.;\\nhands, twenty. File making, five hundred dollars hands, two.\\nGlue manufacturing, one thousand dollars hands, two. Hand-\\nstair railing, six hundred dollars hands, one. Hat making, six\\nhundred and fifty dollars hands, two. Hoop skirt making, two\\nhundred and fifty dollars; hands, six. Hosiery, five thousand\\ndollars hands, twenty-two. Hay and straw pressing, one thou-\\nsand dollars; hands, two. Horse-shoe nail making, one hun-\\ndred dollars; hands, one. Iron railing, forty-five thousand\\ndollars; hands, five. Iron founding, seventy-one thousand five\\nhundred dollars hands, one hundred and four. Illuminating\\ngas, one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Lime burning,\\ntwenty-six thousand dollars hands, eleven. Locks and knobs,\\nsixty thousand dollars; hands, forty. Leather belting, fifteen\\nthousand dollars; hands, five. Locksmithing, one thousand\\ndollars; hands, two. Lumber, fifty thousand dollars; hands,\\nthirty. Marble cutting, twenty-three thousand dollars hands,\\nten. Matches, three thousand dollars hands, six. Machine\\nshops, twenty thousand one hundred and fifty dollars hands,\\ntwelve Millwrighting, three thousand dollars hands, twenty-\\nthree. Millinery, two thousand dollars hands, four. News-\\npapers, sixty-one thousand two hundred dollars hands, twenty-\\nsix. Oak coopers, one hundred and fifty dollars hands, two.\\nOxyd zinc, one hundred thousand dollars hands, thirty. Paper\\nbags, one thousand and fifty dollars; hands, ten. Plumbing,\\none thousand three hundred dollars hands, eight. Potteries,\\nseven hundred thousand three hundred dollars hands, six hun-\\ndred and twenty-one. Paper making, twenty-five thousand dol-\\nlars hands, twenty. Pump making, four hundred dollars\\nhands, two. Printing, sixty-one thousand dollars hands, fifty-\\none. Railroad iron, two hundred thousand dollars hands, one", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n193\\nhundred and eighty. Rolling mills, seven hundred and fifty\\nthousand dollars hands, five hundred and seventy. Sash and\\nblinds, twenty-three thousand three hundred dollars hands,\\nthirty-one. Stone, ninety-six thousand dollars hands, sixteen\\nhundred and sixty-four. Segars, seven thousand five hundred\\nand fifty dollars hands, thirty-three. Silver plating, one hun-\\ndred dollars hands, one. Soap making, eleven thousand five\\nhundred dollars hands, tv/o. Tailoring, forty-eight thousand\\neight hundred dollars hands, ninety. Tin and sheet iron,\\nthirty-one thousand and fifty dollars hands, forty-three. Turn-\\ners, one hundred dollars; hands, one. Terra cotta, one hun-\\ndred thousand dollars hands, fifty-five. Upholstering, ten\\nthousand dollars hands, five. Undertakers, five hundred dol-\\nlars; hands, one. Vise and tool making, one hundred and fifteen\\nthousand five hundred dollars hands, eighty-two. Wheelwright-\\ning, three thousand nine hundred dollars hands, ten. Woolen\\nand cotton goods, two hundred and eighty thousand dollars;\\nhands, three hundred and twenty-nine. Windsor chairs, five\\nhundred dollars; hands, two. Wool, twenty-five thousand\\ndollars hands, twelve. Total amount of capital invested in\\nindustrial pursuits, three million eight hundred and seventy-\\neight thousand nine hundred and ninety-five dollars. Hands\\nemployed, four thousand eight hundred and twenty-six.\\nThe following shows the streets of the city, alphabetically\\narranged\\nAcademy, from Greene east to Canal street Adelaine, from\\nEdmund east to Hermann Allen, from Greene east to Mont-\\ngomery Asbury, from Ferry east to Federal Assanpink, from\\nStockton east to the canal; Bank, from Warren west to Willow;\\nBarberry, from Sweet s avenue southwest to Gordon Barnes,\\nfrom Quarry to Bank Belevue avenue, from Calhoun opposite\\nHigbee, west to city limits; Behm, from Esher to Hermann;\\nBelvidere, from Fowler west to Calhoun Bond, from Princeton\\navenue to New Brunswick avenue Bridge, from Delaware river\\neast to Broad; Broad, from Assanpink creek to White Horse\\nroad; Calhoun, from Delaware river to Pennington street; Cam-\\nden, from Quarry to Passaic Canal, east from Perry to White\\nHorse road; Canal, west from State to Perry; Carroll, from\\nE,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "194\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nEdmund to State Carter s alley, from Montgomery to Stock-\\nton Cass, from Union to the canal; Centre, from Broad to\\nRiverview Cemetery Centre court, from Pike easterly Chan-\\ncery, from State to Bank; Clay, from Market to Taylor;\\nChauncey, from Warren to the railroad Clinton, from Millham\\nroad to Sand town road Coats, from Cass to Federal Com-\\nmerce, from Stockton to the canal; Conover s alley, from Market\\nsoutherly Cooper, from Factory to Centre Cox s alley, from\\nUnion easterly Cross, from Carroll to Ewing Dark lane, from\\nMontgomery to city line Decatur, from Market to Bridge\\nDelaware, West State to Delaware river Delaware alley. South\\nWarren to Fair; Dillon s alley. South W^arren to Delaware river;\\nDoane alley, from Centre to State Prison Donley s alley, from\\nLamberton westerly Drummond s alley, from South Warren to\\nFair East Front, from Warren to the canal East State, from\\nWarren to city line; East Washington, from Warren to Greene;\\nEdmund, from Millham road to Canal Elizabeth, from Ewing\\nto Clinton Esher, from Southard to Hermann Ewing, from\\nPerry to East State Factory, from Lamberton to Broad Fair,\\nfrom Factory to Federal Falls, from Delaware river to Union\\nFederal, from Delaware river to Third Ferry, from Delaware\\nriver to Broad Feeder, (North) from Greene to Canal Feeder,\\n(South) from Greene to Canal Fountain avenue, from Prince-\\nton avenue westerly Fowler, from Spring to Higbee Franklin,\\nfrom Ewing to Railroad Frazer, from Reservoir to Pennington\\navenue Front, from Delaware to East Canal Fuhrman, from\\nSecond to Lamberton Grant, from rolling mill to Lamberton\\nGreene, from Broad to New Brunswick avenue Green s alley,\\nfrom Quarry to West State; Gordon, from Princeton avenue\\nnortherly; Hankinson avenue, from Perry to Woodruff; Hano-\\nver, from Warren to Stockton Henry, from Millham road to\\nCanal Higbee, from Willow to Calhoun Howell, from Ed-\\nmund to Hermann Humboldt, from Barberry westerly Jack-\\nson, from Livingston to Railroad James, from Millham road to\\nCanal Jefferson, from Ewing to Clinton Kossuth, from Clin-\\nton to Ewing; Lalor, from Lock No. 4 to Delaware river;\\nLamberton, from Factory to the cemetery; Landing, from\\nThird to Delaware river Lewis, from Clay to Canal Lincoln", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n195\\navenue, from Clinton to Assanpink creek; Livingston, from\\nBroad to Assanpink creek Lodge alley, from Front to Wash-\\nington Market, from Warren to Assanpink creek Mercer, from\\nLivingston to Railroad Merchant, from Stockton to Canal\\nMill, from Market to Fair Millham road, from Clinton to city\\nline; Model avenue, from Clinton to Assanpink creek; Mon-\\nmouth, from Southard to Assanpink creek Montgomery, from\\nAssanpink to New Brunswick avenue New, (North) from Bank\\nto Quarry; New, (South) from Union to water power raceway;\\nNew Brunswick avenue, from Warren to city line New Market,\\nfrom Second to Delaware river North Feeder, from Montgom-\\nery to city line; Ogden, from Southard to Ewing; Passaic, from\\nFeeder to Calhoun Peace, from Front to Delaware river Pen-\\nnington, from Warren to city line Perry, from Warren to Clin-\\nton Pike, from East State to Front Princeton avenue, from\\nWarren to city line Prospect, from West State to Pennington\\navenue Quarry, from Warren to Calhoun Quarry alley, from\\nWillow to Calhoun Quintin avenue, from Mercer parallel with\\nAssanpink creek; Railroad avenue, from Belvidere Delaware\\nRailroad easterly; Reservoir, from Pennington avenue to city\\nline; Ringgold, from Pennington avenue to Tucker; Rose, from\\nNew Brunswick avenue to Feeder Sandford, from Princeton\\navenue to New Brunswick avenue Second, from Broad to River-\\nview cemetery Sheridan avenue, from Clinton to Assanpink\\ncreek Southard, from Perry to Carroll South Feeder, from\\nGreene to Canal Spring, from Willow to West State; State,\\n(Ea5t) from Warren east to city line State, (West) from War-\\nren west to city line Smith s alley, from Front to State; Steam-\\nboat, from Union to water power; Sterling s alley, from West\\nFront to West State Stockton, from Perry to Assanpink creek;\\nSweet s avenue, from Princeton avenue northwesterly; Taylor,\\nfrom Broad to Mercer; Taylor s alley, from West State to\\nQuarry; Temple, from Second to Third; Third, from Broad to\\nSecond; Tucker, from Warren to Willow; Turpin, from Fed-\\neral to Bridge; Union, from Market to Ferry; Union alley,\\nfrom East Front to Assanpink creek Wall, from Clinton to\\nAssanpink creek; Warner s alley, irom East Front northerly;\\nWarren, from Assanpink creek to Princeton avenue Washing-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "igS HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nton, from Greene to Lodge alley; West Front, from Warren\\nwest to Delaware river West State, from Warren to city line\\nWilliam, from Clinton to Assanpink creek; Willow, from West\\nFront to Pennington avenue Wilson, from Calhoun to Reser-\\nvoir Woodruff, from Greene to Canal; Woodruff s alley, from\\nLamberton to Centre.\\nThis part of our history may seem to some a small matter, but\\nthere are very few of our citizens who have any idea of the\\nextent of our city. If we had the exact number of buildings\\nthere were in this place in 1740, or even one hundred years ago,\\nthe contrast would be very great between then and the present\\ntime. Then, probably a half dozen small tenements comprised\\nthe town now they number about five thousand houses. How\\ninteresting this table would be could we preserve it half a cen-\\ntury, or even a quarter of a century, and then behold the\\nincrease in the number of dwellings and the growth of our\\npopulation.\\nIf even the same ratio of increase was carried on until the year\\n1900, our city would contain nearly ten thousand dwellings and\\nabout seventy-five thousand inhabitants.\\nPrevious to 1675 and 1676, at which time the legislature\\nadopted some general regulations for the opening of roads, the\\nonly road laid out by the Europeans within the limits of New\\nJersey appears to have been that by which the Dutch at New\\nAmsterdam communicated with the settlements on the Delaware.\\nIt ran from Elizabethtown Point, or its neighborhood, to where\\nNew Brunswick now stands, and was probably the same as that\\nnow (widened and improved) known as the old road, between\\nthose places.\\nAt New Brunswick the river was forded at low water, and the\\nroad thence ran almost in a straight line to the Delaware (above\\nwhere Trenton is now situated), which was also forded. This\\nwas called the upper road, to distinguish it from the lower\\nroad, which branched off about five or six miles from the Rari-\\ntan, took a sweep toward the east, and arrived at the site of the\\npresent city of Burlington. These roads, however, were very\\nlittle more than foot-paths, and so continued for many years,\\naffording facilities to horsemen and pedestrians principally.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 197\\nEven as late as 181 6, when a ferry had been established at\\nNew Brunswick for twenty years, provision was only made in\\nthe rates allowed by the assembly, for horse and man and\\nsingle person. Previous to that time, however, the road had\\nbeen improved, and was considered the main thoroughfare to\\nPennsylvania; in 1695, the innkeepers at Piscataway, Wood-\\nbridge, and Elizabethtown were made subject to taxation for\\nfive years, to prevent its falling into decay. The sum required\\nannually to keep this road in repair at that time, was only ten\\npounds, (forty-eight dollars).\\nAn opposition road was opened by the proprietors, in the hope\\nof drawing the principal part of the traveling to their seat of\\ngovernment, but without success.\\nThey expressed a wish to Deputy Governor Lawrie, in July,\\n1683, that it might be discovered whether there may not a\\nconvenient road be found betwixt Perthtown [Perth Amboy] and\\nBurlington, for the entertaining of a land conveyance that v/ay.\\nThis was done by Lawrie the ensuing year, and he connected\\nwith the road a ferry-boat to run between Amboy and Nev\u00c2\u00bb York,\\nto entertain travelers.\\nFinding, however, that the other road continued to be pre-\\nferred, Governor Basse, in 1698, was directed to bring the mat-\\nter before the assembly and have an act passed that would\\ncause the public road to pass through the post-town of Perth\\nAmboy, from New York and New England to West Jersey and\\nPennsylvania; but Basse s authority was of such limited dura-\\ntion that nothing was done.\\nSuch were the two routes traveled between New York and\\nPhiladelphia, under the proprietary government but no public\\nconveyance for the transportation of either goods or passengers\\nexisted on either.\\nOne Dellamin was permitted by Governor Hamilton, to drive\\na wagon on tie Amboy road, but had no regular prices or set\\ntime for his trips.\\nIn April, 1807, the assembly, enumerating their grievances to\\nLord Cornbury, complained that patents had been granted to\\nindividuals to transport goods on the road from Burlington to\\nAmboy, for a certain number of years, to the exclusion of others.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "198\\nHI ST OR V OF TRENTON.\\nwhich was deemed not only contrary to the statute respecting\\nmonopolies, but also destructive of that freedom which trade and\\ncommerce ought to have.\\nThe governor, in his reply, gives us an insight into the facili-\\nties afforded by this wagon. After stating the difficulties which\\nhad previously attended the carriage of goods upon the road, he\\nsays, at present, everybody is sure, once a fortnight, to have an\\nopportunity of sending any quantity of goods, great or small, at\\nreasonable rates, without being in danger of imposition and the\\nsettling of this wagon is so far from being a grievance or a\\nmonopoly, that by this means, and no other, a trade has been\\ncarried on between Philadelphia, Burlington, Amboy, and New\\nYork, which was never known before, and in all probability\\nnever would have been.\\nAs none of the grievances suffered under Lord Cornbury s\\nadministration were removed until his recall in 1710, it is prob-\\nable this wagon continued to perform its journey once a fort-\\nnight till then, if no longer.\\nSoon after, however, the road seems to have been more open\\nto competition.\\nThe first advertisement which I have met with respecting the\\ntransportation on this route, is in Andrew Bradford s Philadel-\\nphia Mercury of March, t 732-33. It is as follows\\nThis is to give notice unto Gentlemen, Merchants, Trades-\\nmen, Travelers, and others, that Solomon Smith and Thomas\\nMoore, of Burlington, keepeth two stage wagons, intending to\\ngo from Bnrlington to A?ni oy, and back from Amboy to Burling-\\nton again. Once every Week, or offt er if that Business presents;\\nthey have also a very good store-house, very Commodious for\\nthe storing of any sort of Merchants Goods, free from any\\nCharges, where good Care will be taken of all sorts of goods.\\nAbout this time, also, a line ran by the way of New Bruns-\\nwick; and in 1734, the first line via Bordentown was established\\nrunning from South River, the proprietor of which would be at\\nNew York once a week, if wind and weather permit, and come\\nto the Old-Slip.\\nIn 1744, the stage wagons between New Brunswick and Tren-\\nton ran twice a week.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n199\\nIn October, 1750, a new line was established, the owner of\\nwhich resided at Perth Amoby.\\nHe informed all gentlemen and ladies who have occasion to\\ntransport themselves, goods, wares, or merchandise, from New\\nYork to Philadelphia, that he had a stage-boat, well fitted\\nfor the purpose, which, wind and weather permitting, (that\\nnever-forgotten proviso), would leave New York every Wednes-\\nday for the ferry at Amboy on Thursday, where, on Friday, a\\nstage-wagon would be ready to proceed immediately to Borden-\\ntown, where they would take another stage-boat to Philadelphia\\nnothing being said (very wisely) of the time they might expect\\nto arrive there. He states, however, that the passages are made\\nin forty-eight hours less time than by any other line. This\\nwas probably the case, for the route was so well patronized that\\nin 1752, they carried passengers twice a week, instead of once,\\nendeavoring to use people in the best manner keeping them,\\nbe it observed, from five to seven days on the route.\\nThe success of this line seems to have led to an opposition in\\n1 75 1, originating in Philadelphia, which professed to go through\\nin twenty-five or thirty hours, but which, nevertheless, appears to\\nhave required the same number of days as the other.\\nGreat dependence was placed upon the attractions of the pass-\\nage-boat between Amboy and New York, described as having a\\nfine, commodious cabin, fitted up with a tea-table and sundry\\nother articles.\\nIn 1756, a stage line between Philadelphia and New York, via\\nTrenton and Perth Amboy, was established, intended to run\\nthrough in three days. This was followed, in 1765, by another,\\nto start twice a week but nine years had worked no increase of\\nspeed.\\nThe following year a third line of good stage-wagons, with\\nthe seats set on springs, was set up, to go through in two days\\nin summer and three in winter.\\nThese wagons were modestly called flying machines,\\nand the title soon became a favorite with all the stage\\nproprietors.\\nThese lines ran, I believe, by the way of Blazing Star", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "200\\nHIST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\nFerry, that being preferaWe to the old Amboy route, thereby\\nputting an end to the transportation of passengers by that route..\\nFrom 1765 to 1768, attempts were made by the legislature to\\nraise funds by lottery, for shortening and improving the great\\nthoroughfares, but without success. Governor Franklin, allud-\\ning to them in a speech to the assembly in 1768, states that\\neven those which lie between the two principal trading cities\\nin North America arc seldom passable without danger or diffi-\\nculty. Such being the condition of the roads, it was a great\\nimprovement to have John Mersereau s flying machine, in\\n1772, leave Paulus Hook (now Jersey City), three times a week,\\nwith a reasonable expectation that passengers would arrive in\\nPhiladelphia in one day and a half.\\nThis time, however, was probably found too short, for two\\ndays were required by him in 1773-74.\\nThe mails being carried on horseback, moved at this time\\nwith greater speed than passengers, but they had been a long\\ntime acquiring it.\\nTo Colonel John Hamilton, son of Governor Andrew Hamil-\\nton, of New Jersey (himself at one time acting governor, as pre-\\nsident of council), were the colonies indebted for devising the\\nscheme by which the post-office was established. This Avas\\nabout the year 1694. He obtained a patent for it, and after-\\nward sold his right to the crown. It is presumed that an attempt\\n*This ferry vras located a short distance below where the Delaware bridge\\nnow stands. The old ferry-houses are still standing. The one on this side of\\nthe river was the large brick building at the corner of Bloomsbury and Ferry\\nstreets, and now used as a tavern. And the one on the Pennsylvania side is\\nthe large brick house directly opposite Ferry street.\\nIn the time of the Revolution, (when the river was clear of ice), troops and\\nothers, coming from Philadelphia, would cross this ferry and proceed eastward\\nto the Eagle hotel, on Mill hill, to Queen street, that being the only street\\ntien open all the way through, (Bloomsbury street not being opened bs .ow\\nFront street till 1801). Persons coming this route would then proceed through\\nQueen (now Greene) street, to the old York road, and thus to New York.\\nThis ferry was the great thoroughfare between the cities of Philadelphia and\\nNew York until the Delaware bridge was opened in 1805, when persons and\\nmerchandise were transported over the bridge.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 201\\nwas soon made to carry the mails regularly but speed was little\\nregarded.\\nIn 1704, in the pleasant month of May, a New York paper\\nsays, the last storm put our Pennsylvania post a week behind,\\nand is not yet com d in. In 171 7, advices from Boston to\\nWilliamsburg, in Virginia, were completed in four weeks, from\\nMarch to December, and in double that time in the other months\\nof the year; but there is some probability that the mails south of\\nPhiladelphia did not continue to be carried regularly for some-\\ntime thereafter. About 1720, the post set out from Philadelphia\\nevery Friday, left letters at Burlington and Perth Amboy, and\\narrived at New York on Sunday night, leaving there Monday\\nmorning on its peregrinations eastward.\\nIn 1722, a Philadelphia paper states that the New York post\\nwas three days behind his time, and not yet arrived.\\nIn 1729, the mail between the two cities went once a week in\\nsummer, and once a fortnight in winter this continued to be\\nthe case till 1754, when Dr. Franklin became superintendent,\\nand improved the condition of the post-office materially.\\nIn October, notice was given that until Christmas the post\\nwould leave the two cities three times a week, at eight o clock\\nA. M., and arrive the next day at about five o clock p. m., mak-\\ning thirty-three hours.\\nAfter Christmas, being frequently delayed in crossing New\\nYork bay, it would leave only once a week. Further im-\\nprovements were made in following years, and in 1764, if\\nweather permitted, the mails were to leave every alternate day,\\nand go through in less than twenty-four hours and such was\\nthe rate at which they traveled until the revolution put a stop to\\ntheir regular transmission.\\nFrom this time up to 1800 we have no records we can rely\\nupon as being accurate. But up to that date it does not appear\\nthat much advance was made in the speed of traveling.\\nIn 1 80 1, on the 13th of April, Thomas Porter respectfully\\ninforms his friends, and the public in general, that he has fur-\\n*The route was ma the lower Blazing Star Ferry to the Sandtown road,\\nand from thence to South Amboy, and across the bay to New York.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "202 mSTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nnished him with an excellent pair of Horses, and a good Coachee,\\nand intends running it from John C. Hummell s tavern,* in\\nTrenton, to John Carpenter s, Philadelphia, three times a week\\nthroughout the summer season. He will leave Trenton every\\nTuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, and Philadelphia every Mon-\\nday, Wednesday, and Friday. His long employment as a stage\\ndriver between the two cities, and his attention and punctuality\\nin that capacity, (which shall not be diminished as proprietor),\\nhe flatters himself will secure a portion of the public patronage.\\nA pair of Horses and Coachee will be furnished to go to any\\npart of the Continent.\\nOn the 2ist of April of the same year, Joseph Vandegrift, Sr.,\\nopened a stage office next to the Indian Queen hotel, then kept\\nby Amos Howell, near the market-house. The building stood\\nwhere Disbrow s cabinet ware-rooms (iron building) now stand.\\nThese stages ran to and from Trenton to Philadelphia, making\\none trip per day to either city.\\nIn 1802, Peter Probasco and John Dean ran a coach between\\nthis city and Philadelphia every day in the week, (Sundays\\nexcepted). The office was two doors above the Indian Queen\\nhotel.\\nThe same, year John C. Hummell and John Carpenter started\\nthe Trenton accommodation line of coachee stages.\\nIn 1807, John Mannington ran a line of Coachee stages,\\nwhich left Philadelphia every morning at eight o clock, (Sun-\\ndays excepted), and arrived in Trenton to dine at the subscri-\\nber s tavern, next door to the City hotel, where the store of Isaac\\nD. James now stands. Fare, one dollar and fifty cents; baggage\\nas usual.\\nIn 18 1 9, John Lafaucherie and Isaac Merriam ran a line of\\ncoaches to connect with the steamboat Philadelphia, at the\\nBloomsbury wharf, starting from Mr. Anderson s Rising Sun\\nhotel.\\nIn 1820, Charles B. Carman and Lewis Thompson ran a line\\nfrom Trenton to Philadelphia, via Bristol, by steamboat; Captain\\nJ. Miller; fare, one dollar; breakfast, twenty-five cents. The\\nCity tavern, corner of Warren and Bank streets.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 203\\nboat ran every day, except Sundays; application for passage to\\nbe made at Enoch Green s, Indian Queen tavern, John Voor-\\nhees City hotel, and C. H. Vanderveer s hotel, Bloomsbury.\\nThe steamboat Philadelphia commenced running from Blooms-\\nbury, Tuesday, July 3d, 1820, at half-past five o clock, until the\\nist of September, vv^hen it left at six o clock a. m.\\nDecember 31st, 1827, Joseph I. Thompson ran a mail stage\\nbetween Trenton and New Brunswick, every day of the week,\\n(Sundays excepted). It left Trenton at eight o clock in the morn-\\ning, changed horses at Princeton, and performed the passage in\\nas short a time as it could be done at that time by any other\\nline on the road fare, one dollar.\\nAugust 30th, 1828, the Union line of Trenton hacks ran to\\nBloomsbury, to carry passengers to the steamboats Trenton,\\nCaptain A. Jenkins; Burlington, Captain D. Martin; and Marco\\nBozzaris, Captain John B. Lane. These three boats were so\\narranged as to make one trip each way every day.\\nThe coaches started from J. M. Bispham s Trenton House,\\ntaking passengers to the boats, to Princeton, New Brunswick, and\\nNew York.\\nThe same year C. H. Vanderveer ran a line of Trenton mail\\ncoaches between this city and New Brunswick fare for passage,\\none dollar.\\nThe same year a coach was run by J. I. Thompson to the\\nsame place.\\nIn 1830, A. P. Atkinson was appointed agent of the Union\\nline of stage coaches. This line continued in existence till the\\nrailroad commenced operations, when, a short time after, it was\\ndiscontinued.\\nIn 1840, a steamboat called the Hornet made regular trips on\\nthe Delaware, to and from Philadelphia. The fare was twenty-\\nfive cents either way. Persons, by leaving their names at the\\nRising Sun hotel the night previous, were called for by the omni-\\nbus, free of charge. The company had two new and splendid\\nomnibusses. John Payne was the agent of this line.\\nAbner Mershon ran the Proprietor a short time in tlie year\\n1843-\\nThe steamer Edwin Forrest commenced making regular trips", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "204\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nbetween here and Philadelphia, in the year 1850. She still\\ncontinues to run daily to and from Philadelphia, regulating her\\ntime of starting by the tides. The original owners were Joseph\\nand Benjaviiin McMackin.\\nIn the message of Governer Mahlon Dickinson, sent to the\\ntwo houses of the legislature, January 12th, 181 6, he makes use\\nof the following language\\nI must beg leave to call attention to a projected improve-\\nment of great national importance. I mean the construction of\\na canal to connect the waters of the Delaware river with those\\nof the Raritan.\\nWe have the most satisfactory evidence that the expense of\\nconstructing such a canal, on the most practicable route, would\\nbear but a small proportion to the immense advantages to be\\nderived from it. It would form an important link in that vast\\nchain of internal navigation which our country admits of, and\\nwhich will, at some future period, afford us security in war and\\nan abundant source of wealth in peace, while it will form a\\npermanent bond of union among the Atlantic states.\\nAll local considerations should yield when put in competi-\\ntion with an object so highly interesting, not only to this state,\\nbut to the Union at large.\\nThis part of the governor s message was referred to a commit-\\ntee, who on the 25th of January reported in favor of the project.\\nSubscriptions were afterwards opened for the capital stock in\\nthis state, as well as in Philadelphia and New York. But partly\\nfrom the extensive improvements then in progress, particularly\\nin the erection of turnpike roads, partly from a conviction that\\nthe plan in contemplation, of using the beds of the several inter-\\nvening streams, would, upon experiment, prove unavailing, and\\npartly from a belief that the country was not yet prepared for the\\ncommencement of such great national objects, and that the tolls\\nwould pay but a very inadequate interest on the capital required,\\nbut few shares were subscribed, and the work was never com-\\nmenced.\\nWhatever, however, may have been the public sentiment at\\nthat period, subsequent events have demonstrated to the satisfac-\\ntion of the most incredulous the immense utility and importance", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n205\\nof such navigation, not only as a medium of commercial inter-\\ncourse, but as an object of national security.\\nOn the 19th of November, 1823, the committee of the legis-\\nlature to whom was referred the subject of the Delaware and\\nRaritan canal reported, that we have considered the subject\\nwith all that attention which its great importance demands, and\\nare of opinion that such a canal, if it could be effected at an\\nexpense not too great for the resources of the state, and without\\nimposing a burdensome weight of taxation, ought to be carried\\ninto execution by the state itself.\\nBut, that in order to obtain further information before this\\nplan is acted upon, it is expedient that the present legislature\\nappoint commissioners, whose duty it shall be to report to the\\nnext legislature upon all matters connected with the practica-\\nbility of said canal, its probable expense, and the revenue to be\\nderived therefrom, as also upon any arrangement which might\\nbe made with the United States in respect to said canal, and\\nupon the ways and means proper to be adopted for executing the\\nsame, and generally to report on every other matter which, in\\ntheir opinion, would be useful to be understood by the legisla-\\nture in the premises. That, in order to give some public infor-\\nmation of the method by which the New York and Erie Canal has\\nbeen constructed by that state, the committee beg leave to report\\na bill on similar principles in relation to the Delaware and Rari-\\ntan Canal, to be laid over, nevertheless, after being printed, to\\nthe next legislature, and then to be acted upon, adopted, mo di-\\nfied, or rejected, as may be deemed expedient, which was read\\nand Mr. Griffith presented a bill to provide for the improvement\\nof the internal navigation of this state. Ordered to lie on the\\ntable and be printed.\\nBut it was not till February 4th, 1830, that the act of incor-\\nporation of the Delaware and Raritan Canal Company passed\\nthe council and general assembly of this state and became a law;\\nand then it was vested in a private company instead of the state,\\nas at first contemplated. The following persons were authorized\\nto open books of subscription to the capital stock of said com-\\npany within six months after the passage of the act of incorpora-\\ntion James Parker and James Neilson, of Middlesex; John\\nS", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "2o6 HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nPotter, of Somerset William Halsted, of Hunterdon and Gar-\\nret D. Wall, of Burlington, or any three of them, were appointed\\ncommissioners to receive subscriptions to the said stock at such\\ntimes and places as they or a majority of them may direct, giving\\nnotice thereof at least twenty days prior to the opening of said\\nbooks, by publishing the same in at least three of the newspapers\\npublished in this state, three in the city of Philadelphia, and\\nthree in the city of New York.\\nThe capital stock was to be one million dollars, divided into\\nshares of one thousand dollars each, which, when five thousand\\nshares were subscribed for, the persons holding the same, were, by\\nthis act, incorporated into a company by the name of the\\nDelaware and Raritan Canal Company, with all the powers\\nand privileges pertaining to corporate bodies, and necessary to\\nperfect an expeditious and complete line of communication\\nbetween Philadelphia and New York, and to carry the object of\\nthis act into effect.\\nThis act required that the number of shares which was necessary\\nto make the incorporation of said company [five thousand]\\nshould be paid in, in one year from the time of opening said sub-\\nscription books, otherwise all the subscriptions under it should be\\nnull and void, and the commissioners, after deducting thereout\\ntheir expenses, should return the residue of the money paid in,\\nto the respective subscribers, or their representatives, in propor-\\ntion to the sums paid by them.\\nIt was provided that at the yearly meetings of the company,\\nthe president and directors of the preceding year were to exhibit\\nto the stockholders a full and complete statement of the affairs\\nof the company during said term.\\nThey were empowered to make a canal or artificial navigation\\nfrom the waters of the Delaware river to the waters of the Rari-\\ntan river, and to improve the navigation of the said rivers\\nrespectively, as they may from time to time become necessary,\\nbelow where the said canal shall empty into the said rivers\\nrespectively which canal shall be at least fifty feet wide at the\\nwater line, and the water therein be at least five feet deep\\nthroughout and the said company are hereby empowered to sup-\\nply the said canal with water from the river Delaware, by con-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n207\\nstructing a feeder, which feeder shall be so constructed as to\\nform a navigable canal, not less than thirty feet wide and four\\nfeet deep, to conduct the water from any part of the river\\nDelaware.\\nIt shall be the duty of the company to construct and keep in\\nrepair good and sufficient bridges or passages over the said\\ncanal or feeder, where any public or other roads shall cross the\\nsame, so that the passage of carriages, horses, and cattle on said\\nroads shall not be prevented thereby j and also where the said\\ncanal or feeder shall intersect the farm or lands of any individual,\\nto provide and keep in repair a suitable bridge or bridges, as\\naforesaid, so that the owner or owners and others may pass the\\nsame.\\nPower was given the stockholders to increase the capital stock\\nto a sum not exceeding five hundred thousand dollars, by an\\nincrease of the number of shares, provided they found it neces-\\nsary so to do in order to carry into full effect the objects of\\nthis act.\\nThe canal and feeder were to be commenced within two years\\nafter the passage of the act, and completed within eight years,\\notherwise the act should be void.\\nAt the expiration of thirty years from the time of completion\\nof the canal and feeder, the legislature may cause an appraise-\\nment of the same, to be made by six persons, three appointed by\\nthe governor, and three appointed by the company, to report to\\nthe next legislature, within one year from the time of their\\nappointment, their appraisement in no case to exceed the first\\ncosts of said canal and feeder and the privilege was extended to\\nthe state for the space of ten years to purchase the works at the\\nappraisement. The company was to pay the state the sum of\\neight cents for each and every passenger, and the sum of eight\\ncents for each and every ton of merchandise so transported\\nthereon, except the articles of coal, lumber, lime, wood, ashes,\\nand similar low-priced articles, for which two cents per ton shall\\nbe paid.\\nThe bill incorporating the Camden and Amboy Railroad and\\nTransportation Company was passed on the same day as that of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "2o8 HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nthe Delaware and Raritan Canal bill, the 4th of February, 1830,\\nand under similar restrictions as the canal company.\\nThe persons authorized to receive subscriptions were Samuel\\nG. Wright, of Monmouth James Cook, of Middlesex Abraham\\nBrown, of Burlington; Jeremiah H. Sloan, of Gloucester and\\nHenry Freas, of Salem. The books were to be opened within\\nsix months from the passage of the act, the capital stock to be one\\nmillion of dollars, divided into shares of one hundred dollars\\neach. And when five thousand shares shall have been sub-\\nscribed for, the company shall then be considered organized and\\nincorporated by the name of the Camden and Amboy Railroad\\nand Transportation Company.\\nThey were given power to increase the capital stock to any\\nsum not exceeding five hundred thousand dollars, by increasing\\nthe number of shares for that purpose, provided the capital stock\\nshould be deemed insufficient to carry into full effect the objects\\nof the act and that the road should be commenced within two\\nyears, and completed within nine years thereafter, otherwise the\\nact to become void. At the expiration of thirty years from the\\ncompletion of the said road, the state could purchase the same\\nunder like restrictions made in reference to the Delaware and\\nRaritan Canal.\\nOn the 4th day of February, 1831, the legislature gave the\\nrailroad company power to transfer one thousand shares of stock\\nto the state.\\nOn the 15 th day of February of the same year, an act was\\npassed consolidating the stock of the Delaware and Raritan\\nCanal and Camden and Amboy Railroad and Transportation\\nCompanies, commonly called the marriage act.\\nThis consolidation enabled the two companies to construct\\ntheir present works, which now afford a handsome revenue to\\nour state.\\nIt was the duties paid by these companies that built our State\\nPrison and Lunatic Asylum, of both of which structures our state\\nmay well feel proud also our beautiful State House, which a late\\nwriter in Massachusetts observes, is not surpassed by any in the\\nUnited States.\\nFrom the same source, our magnificent system of common", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENT 01^.\\n209\\nschools derives the principal part of its support. The revenue\\nderived from these sources saves our citizens from an enormous\\nyearly tax, which must have accrued through our internal im-\\nprovements did we not have some means of meeting the expen-\\nditures.\\nThat source is afforded by the Camden and Amboy Railroad,\\nwhich pays not less than one hundred thousand dollars yearly\\ninto the coffers of our state.\\nThese works, though they benefit the whole state, are men-\\ntioned here at length, because our city has been particularly\\nbenefited by them. Here are located many of the public build-\\nings erected by them, besides which they afford business facili-\\nties highly beneficial to our city.\\nDuring the session of the legislature of 1854, an act was passed\\nextending the time of purchase of the railroad by the state to\\n1 888, and after January ist, 1869, the monopoly clause should\\nbe of no force.\\ns*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XIII.\\nLiterary Institutions Newspapers New Jersey Gazette State\\nGazette True American Emporium People^ s Advocate\\nUnion Argus Plaindealer Sheet Anchor New Jersey\\nTemperance Herald Weekly Visitor Daily News Clay\\nBanner Trenton./ an Republican Privateer Reformer and\\nNew Jersey Temperance Advocate Mercer Statidard Tree\\nPress Trenton Academy Public and Private Schools Libra-\\nries Apprentices Library Trenton Library Constitutional\\nLibrary Trenton Institute Irving Institute Mechanics Insti-\\ntute Trenton Lyceum.\\nTHE New Jersey Gazette, published at Burlington, by-\\nIsaac Collins, was the first newspaper published in the\\nstate. It was a weekly paper, nine by fourteen inches in size,\\nthe subscription price being twenty-six shillings, or five dollars\\nand twenty cents per annum, or ten cents per week. Advertise-\\nments were inserted at seven shillings and six-pence for the first\\nweek, and two shillings and six-pence for every additional week,\\nand long ones in proportion. The first paper was issued Friday,\\nDecember 5th, 1777. The first article appearing in the paper is\\nas follows\\nTo enter into a minute detail of the advantages of a well-\\nconducted newspaper would, at any time, be impertinent, but\\nmore especially at a crisis which makes a quick circulation of\\nintelligence peculiarly interesting to all the American states.\\nThe publisher, therefore, thinks it will be more to the purpose\\nto communicate to the public a brief account of the nature of his\\nplan, than to enter into any formal proof of its utility, which he\\nesteems little less than self-evident.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON: 2 1 1\\nHe proposes to print this Gazette once a week, to con-\\ntain a faithful account of remarkable occurrences, whether foreign\\nor domestic materials for which he shall be amply furnished\\nwith in consequence of a general correspondence he is establish-\\ning for that purpose.\\nSuch proceedings of the legislature and courts of justice as\\nmay conduce to the benelit or entertainment of his readers shall\\nfind a place in his publications.\\nEssays, useful or entertaining, schemes for the advancement\\nof trade, arts, and manufactures, proposals for improvements in\\nagriculture, and particularly in the culture of hemp and flax, will\\nbe inserted with pleasure and alacrity.\\nThe interests of religion and liberty he shall ever think it\\nhis peculiar duty to support; and, at the same time, to treat with\\ndisregard the intemperate effusions of factious zealots, whether\\nreligious or political, as injurious to virtue and destructive of\\ncivil order. With great care shall he reject every proposition to\\nmake his paper a vehicle for the dark purpose of private malice,\\nby propagating calumnies against individuals, wounding the\\npeace of families, and inflaming the minds of men with bitter-\\nness and rancor against one another.\\nIn a word, he will spare neither cost nor pains to make his\\npaper as useful and entertaining as possible and, while these\\nobjects are steadily pursued, the publisher will confidently rely\\nupon the generosity and public spirit of the gentlemen of this\\nstate for their countenance and support to such a useful under-\\ntaking.\\nThen follows the names of persons in every county in the state,\\nwho are authorized to receive subscriptions, including all the\\nmembers of the legislature, in all twelve counties, an agent at\\nBristol, Pennsylvania, and the printer.\\nThe first advertisement on the first page of the paper is as\\nfollows\\nTo the printer of the New Jersey Gazette Sir Being\\ninformed that numbers of people, under various pretences, are\\npassing from the state of New Jersey into the city of Philadel-\\nphia, and returning back into New Jersey, without the permis-\\nsion required by law for going into the enemy s lines, to pre-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "212 HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nvent such delinquents from pleading ignorance whenever they\\nmay be apprehended, I would acquaint them, thro the channel\\nof your paper, that by an act of this state, it is felony, without\\nbenefit of clergy, in a man and, in a woman, three hundred\\npounds fine, or one year s imprisonment and that government\\nis determined to be vigilant in causing such offenders to be\\napprehended and brought to condign punishment.\\nI am your humble servant,\\nPrinceton, November 25, 1777. W. L.\\nItems of news of August 6th, from Amsterdam; July 12th,\\nfrom Deux Fonts, and August 30th, from Whitehall, is published.\\nAn advertisement appeared, offering a reward of five pounds for\\nthe return of a silver watch lost, which had a ribbon string, a brass\\nkey much worn, and a small red cornelian seal set in silver, with\\nthe compass and square in the silver work.\\nThe finder was requested to leave it with Mr. Robert Ramsay,\\nin Newtown, Mr. Bessonet, in Bristol, Mr. Isaac Wood, in\\nMount Holly, or with the printer, and receive the above reward.\\nN. B. If the person into whose possession it may come,\\nshould be so ungenerous as not to return it to either of the above\\ngentlemen, every watchman and others are requested to endeavor\\nto expose the villainy.\\nThe next article, dated Camp near Ticonderoga, July 2d,\\n1777, is a proclamation to the British troops in America, by John\\nBurgoyne, Esq., lieutenant-general of his Majesty s armies in\\nAmerica, colonel of the queen s regiment of light dragoons,\\ngovernor of Fort William in North Britain, one of the repre-\\nsentatives of the commons of Great Britain, and commanding\\nan army and fleet employed on an expedition from Canada,\\nc., c.\\nImmediately following this is a letter from General Gates,\\ndated Camp at Saratoga, October i8th, 1777, announcing the\\nsurrender of this same Burgoyne and his whole army into the\\nhands of General Gates, and that they were on their march to\\nBoston. This signal and important event, says Gates, is the\\nmore glorious, as it was effected with so little loss to the army of\\nthe United States.\\nThen follows thirteen articles of convention entered into", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n213\\nbetween Lieutenant-General Burgoyne and Major-General Gates,\\nand signed by Burgoyne.\\nOn the 4th of March, 1778, the publication office was removed\\nto Trenton, and located at the corner of East State and Greene\\nstreets, in a frame building which stood where Charles Scott s\\nbookstore is now located.\\nThe publication of the paper was discontinued November 27th,\\n1786, in consequence of the high price of paper and the want of\\npatronage.\\nOn Tuesday the 5th of May, 1787, nearly six months after the\\nNew Jersey Gazette had suspended, The Federal Post, or\\nthe Trenton Weekly Mercury, was started at this place.\\nThis paper was ten by sixteen inches, published weekly, at\\nfour-pence each, by Frederick C. Quequelle and George M.\\nWilson. It was published on the north side of Front street,\\nopposite the English Church.\\nThe English Church is the present Saint Michael s Episcopal\\nChurch. At that time the name of King (now Warren) street,\\nhad been changed to Front street, and Queen (now Greene)\\nstreet, to Back street.\\nIn the Mercury, advertisements were inserted on the most\\nreasonable terms, and subscriptions received at twelve shillings\\nper annum.\\nOctober 3d, 1788, on account of the scarcity of demy print-\\ning paper, the publishers were under the necessity of altering the\\nsize of their paper. It was then reduced to nine by fifteen\\ninches, and printed twice a week, Tuesdays and Fridays, at two\\ndollars per annum, and delivered to subscribers in the country\\nfree of expense, once a week, one-half of the above sum to be\\npaid at the time of subscribing, and the other half at the end of\\nsix months. It was the first semi-weekly paper published in\\nthe state.\\nOn the 2ist of October it ceased to be a semi-weekly, and was\\npublished weekly, on Tuesday.\\nOn the 5th day of March, 1791, George Sherman and John\\nMershon opened a printing office at the place formerly occupied\\nby Mathias Day, which was a two story frame building adjoining", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "214\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nthe Trenton House on the south the store now occupied by\\nJames C. Manning stands upon the spot.\\nIn the prospectus which they issued at the time of starting the\\npaper, they give as the place of publication, in the office oppo-\\nsite the Indian Queen hotel.\\nAt this time the paper was called the New Jersey State\\nGazette, and was published weekly. The publication was con-\\ntinued under this title and by the same persons, until January\\n3d, 1797, when Mathias Day purchased it, and changed the\\nname to State Gazette and New Jersey Advertiser.\\nOn the 9th of July, 1798, it was purchased by Gershom Craft\\nand William Black, the former a young lawyer, whose residence\\nwas on Mill hill, in the house now occupied by Robert Dowling,\\nand kept by him as a hotel. These gentlemen changed the\\nname of the paper to Federalist and New Jersey Gazette. A\\nshort time after, William Black retired from the concern, and\\nthe publication was continued by Gershom Craft.\\nOn the 26th of March, 1799, Craft retired from the establish-\\nment, and the publication was continued by Sherman, Mershon\\nThomas.\\nIn July 8th, 1800, Craft again went into the concern, and the\\npaper was published by Sherman, Mershon, Thomas, and Craft,\\nbut in September of the same year Craft again retired from the\\nestablishment, and the old firm of Sherman, Mershon Thomas\\ncontinued its publication.\\nOn the nth day of May, 1802, the name of the paper was\\nagain changed to Trenton Federalist, and conducted by\\nSherman Mershon.\\nOn the i6th of December, 1806, upon the death of John Mer-\\nshon, George Sherman assumed the whole control of the Fed-\\neralist, and on the 4th day of July, 1829, he again changed the\\nname to New Jersey State Gazette, which name it bore until\\nit was changed to State Gazette, its present name. Under\\nits new title William P. Sherman became its editor, but on the\\n2d of January, 1830, George Sherman again conducted it, and\\ncontinued its publication until his death, after which time it was\\npublished for a number of years by the family, no publisher s\\nname appearing at the head of its columns.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\n215\\nOn the ist of January, 1836, the name of James T. Sherman\\nappeared at the head of its columns as editor. At this time it was\\npublished in a two and a half story frame building, in an alley,\\nopposite Saint Michael s Church. On the 4th of January, 1839,\\nJames T. Sherman associated with him Henry Harron, and the\\nnames of these two gentlemen appeared at the head of the paper.\\nThey shortly after removed the office of publication to the north-\\neast corner of Warren and State streets.\\nOn the 14th of January, 1840, they commenced the issue of a\\ntri-weekly; and on the 12th of January, 1847, they issued a daily\\npaper, the publication of which is still kept up. It was issued\\nby the same gentlemen until the ist of February, 1853, when the\\npaper was purchased by William Brown and Thomas C. Borden.\\nIn consequence of ill health, Mr. Borden retired from the estab-\\nlishment on the ist of March, 1854.\\nIn the fall of 1854, Mr, Brown sold his interest in the paper\\nto Edmund Morris.\\nFrom July 30th, 1855, it was published by C. W. Tolles, who\\nretired May 12th, 1857.\\nThe name of the publishers did not again appear at the head\\nof its columns until July 17th, 1857, when it was published by\\nJacob R. Freese, with Enoch R. Borden as associate editor. Its\\nname was again changed to Daily State Gazette and Repub-\\nlican, and was removed to the office where the State Sen-\\ntinel is now published.\\nSeptember 25th, 1865, it was purchased by William Brook\\nand Jonathan. Vannote.\\nJuly loth, 1869, John L. Murphy and Charles Bechtel became\\nthe owners and purchasers and removed it to the place where it\\nis now published, corner of State and Greene streets.\\nThe first number of the True American was issued Tues-\\nday, March loth, 1801, from the office in Market (now State)\\nstreet, where the hardware store of F. S. Katzenbach Co.,\\nnow stands, in a small frame building. Mathias Day and Jacob\\nMann were the first publishers on the 28th of June of the same\\nyear they associated with them James J. Wilson.\\nOn the 3d of November, 1802, Mathias Day leaving the con-\\ncern, its publication was continued by Jacob Mann and James J.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "2i6 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nWilson, until February 9th, 1802, when Mann retiring from the\\nestablishment, the paper was conducted by Wilson Black-\\nwell, and in 181 1, Blackwell retiring, it was published by James\\nJ. Wilson, who continued the same until his death in 1825, after\\nwhich it was conducted by W. L. Prall, for Mrs. Wilson.\\nOn the 27th of May, 1826, Prall purchased the paper, and\\ncontinued its publication until 1828, when it was purchased by\\nGeorge Sherman the two offices were united, and the publica-\\ntion of the True American was discontinued.\\nWhen Wilson became associated with the True American,\\nthe office of publication was removed up town to his residence,\\nin what is now the Belvidere hotel, in Warren street, a few\\ndoors south of the feeder, and the office where the paper was\\nprinted was the frame building on the south of his dwelling-\\nhouse.\\nIn 1809, he erected a frame building nearly opposite, which\\nhe occupied for his printing office. In 1810, he built a brick\\nhouse, adjoining the office on the north, standing a little back\\nfrom the street, with a yard in front, and took up his residence-\\nthere.\\nOn the 23d of June, 1821, Stacy G. Potts and Joseph Justice\\ncommenced the publication of a religious and literary paper,\\ncalled the Emporium.\\nIt was published in a frame building, adjoining the residence\\nof Joseph Justice, No. 107 Warren street, now occupied by\\nHenry Thoene.\\nThis was continued as a literary paper until 1827, when it took\\nsides with the administration, and came out in favor of General\\nJackson.\\nMr. Potts continued to edit the paper until 1830, when, being\\nappointed by the legislature clerk in chancery, his connection\\nwith the paper was dissolved, after which time Mr. Justice was\\nthe publisher and proprietor, and Joseph C. Potts editor. On\\nthe 28th of August, 1838, a tri-weekly paper was commenced by\\nJoseph Justice, Jr., and Franklin S. Mills, for electioneering\\npurposes. Its publication was continued until the 8th of\\nOctober of the same year, when, having fulfilled its mission,\\nit was discontinued.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "HJSTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n217\\nOn the 2d of December, 1839, they issued a daily from the\\nsame office, called The Trenton Daily, the publication of\\nwhich was discontinued March 2d, 1840. The tri-weekly and\\ndaily published at this office were the first^of the kind published\\nin this city.\\nIn 1843, the Democratic Union was issued from the same\\noffice, for the advocacy of the election of George T. Olmsted\\nfor sheriff of Mercer county, being the first irregular ticket ever\\nrun in the county. He was accordingly elected. There were\\ntwo Whigs in the field for the office. The Democratic party\\nmade no nomination, but entered into a combination with a\\nnumber of dissatisfied Whigs, which resulted in the choice above\\nstated.\\nOn the 24th of February, 1843, during the presidential term\\nof John Tyler, the Emporium changed hands, and was pub-\\nlished by Joseph A. Yard until the year 1845, when it was united\\nwith the Newark Morning Post, and the publication con-\\ntinued by Samuel G. Arnold.\\nIt was, afterwards, in the year 1846, conducted by Brittain\\nJones, after which time Samuel J. Bayard published it about\\nthe year 1848 or 1849, Morris R. Hamilton purchased the estab-\\nlishment, and took charge of the paper as editor, in company\\nwith William Magill as publisher. During the campaign of\\n1852, and shortly after the termination of this campaign, David\\nNaar became the owner and editor of the paper, with Franklin\\nS. Mills as associate editor.\\nJuly 2d, 1866, it was purchased by Messrs. Joshua S. Day,\\nJoseph L., and Moses Naar, and still continues under the firm\\nname of Naar, Day Naar.\\nWhen Morris R. Hamilton first became publisher, he removed\\nit to Greene street, next to the City Hall.\\nIt was removed by Judge Naar to the corner of Warren and\\nFront streets, its present place of publication.\\nOn the 25th of April, 1843, Franklin S. Mills commenced\\nthe publication of the Sheet Anchor, and continued the same\\nuntil the 12th of July, 1845, when the paper was purchased by\\nRobert Gosman, and its title changed to the Trenton Journal.\\nThe Daily News was published on the 2d day of March,\\nT", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": ";2i5 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n1846, at the office of the Trenton Journal, but, in a short\\ntime, it was purchased by Brittain Jones and united with\\nThe Emporium.\\nIn 1845, Joseph C. Potts and John C. Webster commenced\\nthe pulication of the Plain Dealer, an anti-monopoly paper.\\nThis, too, was merged into The Emporium, when Joseph C.\\nPotts took charge of the last named paper.\\nAfter Morris R, Hamilton took charge of the paper, he changed\\nits name to True American.\\nIn 1835, a Democratic paper, called the Argus, was started.\\nIt was published by Peter Lott and B. F. Vancleve. This paper,\\nhowever, had an existence of only about one year. It was pub-\\nlished in the large brick building No. 9 East Front street.\\nIn 1843, William M. Whitley published a paper called the\\nNew Jersey Temperance Herald. It was issued for a short\\ntime from the office of the Sheet Anchor, No. 49 Warren\\nstreet, now the residence of Joseph C. Mayer. The office\\nof publication was afterwards removed to a frame house in\\nEast State street, between Lanning Dunn s hardware store\\nand the Mansion House.\\nIn 1844, Charles W, Jay published the Clay Banner, which\\npaper, as its name imports, was started to advance the interests of\\nHenry Clay for the presidency of the United States, in opposi-\\ntion James K. Polk. The office of publication was in the second\\nstory, back of C. B. Vansyckel s drug store.\\nIn 1848, Charles W. Jay, Franklin S. Mills, and Joseph Jus-\\ntice, Jr., commenced the publication of a paper called the\\nTrentonian, on the southeast corner of State and Greene\\nstreets, over Scott s book store.*\\nThis paper was afterwards conducted by Charles W. Jay,\\nIsrael Wells, and Asher Beatty. Wells came into the concern\\nabout the year 1850, and continued as one of the publishers\\nuntil the paper ceased to exist, about the year 1851.\\nIn 1846, James S. Yard commenced the publication of the\\nIt is worthy of remark that for nearly three-fourths of a century this comer\\nhas been used as a literary depot. Here, in i8o8, Isaac Collins issued his\\nmemorable edition of the Bible, one of the most correct editions ever published.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n219\\nWeekly Visitor and New Jersey Temperance Sentinel, at No.\\n21 East State street, (third story). He published it about three\\nmonths, when he associated with him Benjamin F. Yard after\\na short time James S. Yard left the establishment, and Benjamin\\nF. Yard continued the publication of the paper till 1851, when\\nit ceased to exist.\\nIn December, 1852, Henry B. Howell commenced the publi-\\ncation of the Reformer and New Jersey Temperance Advo-\\ncate, as a monthly paper. He continue/l to publish it monthly\\nthroughout the whole of the first volume, and in December, 1853,\\nhe commenced publishing the paper semi-monthly or fortnightly,\\nat the same price as the monthly paper. He however reduced\\nthe size of the paper. On the ist of February, 1855, he issued\\nthe Reformer weekly. In November, 1854, he enlarged\\nit considerably.\\nThe paper was for some time published at Bordentown, though\\npurporting to be published in Trenton, at No. 5 West State street.\\nIt was afterwards issued from the office of the State Gazette,\\nuntil, in 1854, Mr. Howell purchased of B. F. Yard the stock\\nand fixtures of the Weekly Visitor office, after which time\\nthe paper was printed at No. 21 East State street, (third story).\\nDuring the campaign of 1852, Charles W. Jay published the\\nRepublican Privateer, but, after the election of Mr. Pierce to\\nthe presidency, the paper was discontinued.\\nIn 1854, J. Madison Drake commenced the publication of the\\nMercer Standard, at No. 53 Perry street, as a weekly paper.\\nAfter having issued it for a few months he enlarged the size of it.\\nIn 1855, Enoch R. Borden issued a weekly paper called the\\nFree Press. It was published at No. 21 East State street,\\nfourth story, over the Reformer office.\\nIn February, 1864, Dorsey Gardiner commenced the publica-\\ntion of the Monitor, at Murphy Bechtel s office. He\\nafterwards removed his office to No. 79 Warren street. Its\\npublication was continued about one year and a half, when it\\nwas suspended.\\nIn 1865, Charles W. Jay started the Volunteer, which was\\nprinted at the Monitor office. This was a campaign paper,\\nand after having accomplished its mission it became defunct.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "220 HI ST OR V OF TRENTON.\\nMarch ist, 1866, Charles W. Jay started the Union Sentinel\\nas a weekly. About six months afterwards, he associated with\\nhim M. Gillingham, who remained in the establishment only\\nabout six months, when John C. Parsons and Henry Houghtal-\\ning were associated with him. Parsons remained about two and\\na half years, and retired from the concern.\\nMr. Jay started his Daily Sentinel May 7th, 1870.\\nJacob R. Freese purchased the paper October 3d, 1870, and\\nremoved it from the corner of State street and Sterling s alley to\\nhis own building, No. 25 West State street, when he associated\\nwith him as editor, Theodore W. Freese.\\nDuring the war, paper rose in price to such a degree that the\\npenny papers were obliged to double their price, and the True\\nAmerican suspended entirely for a few months, after which\\nits publication was resumed by the same publishers, and still\\ncontinues.\\nMr. John Briest, an enterprising young man, and a practical\\nprinter, conceived the idea of starting a penny paper, and on\\nthe 5th of August, 1867, he issued the Emporium from the\\noffice on the corner of Warren and Hanover streets. Mr. Briest,\\nnot being in possession of much of this world s goods, com-\\nmenced his paper in a very humble way. It was quite a small\\nsheet, being what might aptly be called a seven-by-nine. He\\nintroduced as a novel feature in this city, publishing daily the\\nnames of arrivals at the hotels. The paper, in consequence of\\nits novelty and cheapness, took with the mass of the people,\\nand its stability was at once established.\\nMr. Briest associated with him as business manager Mr. John\\nB. Faussett, to whose financial ability he attributes, in a great\\nmeasure, his eminent success.\\nMr. Briest assures me that his daily circulation is over two\\nthousand, being the largest of any paper published in the city.\\nHe continues its publication at the office from which the first\\nnumber was issued.\\nThe publication of Beecher s Illustrated Magazine, was\\nbegun in January, 1870, by Mr. J. A. Beecher, of this city, and\\nhas from that time to this continued to improve in appearance\\nand literary excellence. It began with thirty-two pages per", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 221\\nmonth, was increased in July following to forty-eight pages, and\\nin January, 1871, it appeared as an illustrated magazine, at one\\ndollar per year. Its matter is all original contributions upon\\nsubjects of a practical character, and the ability displayed in the\\nseveral departments has attracted the attention of the press at\\nhome and abroad, and given it a place among the best literary\\nmagazines of the day. The State Gazette said of the March\\nnumber, 187 1, This is, without doubt, the best number of\\nBeecher s that has yet been issued, and this magazine is begin-\\nning to attract a great deal of attention in the literary world,\\nand is taking a good position among the higher class of maga-\\nzine publications. There are two articles in this number which\\nwould do credit to any magazine in America. We mean the\\nbiography of the late eminent engineer and bridge builder, John\\nA. E-oebling, and the article under the department of popular\\nscience, by Dr. James B. Coleman, entitled Can the Human\\nLeg and Foot be Improved The biography of Mr. Roebling\\nis by far the best that has appeared anywhere. It is written in\\na clear and pleasant, yet plain and unostentatious style, does\\njustice to the high character and grand achievements of the sub-\\nject, and relates in an accurate and not tedious manner, all the\\nincidents of his honorable and eventful career. The article by\\nDr. Coleman is a thoughtful and interesting one, that will do\\nmuch to popularize that branch of studies and investigation. We\\ntrust that Dr. Coleman will have these fugitive pieces published\\nin book form. They would be a valuable contribution to the\\nliterature of the day.\\nIn the year 1781, a number of the most prominent and enter-\\nprising citizens of Trenton formed themselves into a company,\\nfor the purpose of promoting the cause of education in our city.\\nThis was organized as a stock company, and a fund contributed\\nto ensure the success of the institution. Its interests were com-\\nmitted to a board of trustees, to be elected annually from the\\nstockholders.\\nThe operations of the academy have never been suspended,\\nexcept for one or two short periods, from its foundation to the\\npresent time.\\nThe Trenton Academy was established February loth, 1781,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "222 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nby articles of agreement among sundry inhabitants of the town\\nand vicinity, who associated themselves, sensible of the great\\nimportance of education to the well-being of individuals, and\\nthe good order of government, and of its peculiar use in early\\nlife, and judging the present means of it in this place inade-\\nquate, and being met, agreed to purchase a lot, erect a com-\\nmodious building thereon, and form a permanent school, under\\nproper regulations.\\nThe following were the names of the members of the associa-\\ntion Joseph Higbee, David Brearley, Joseph Milnor, Rensel-\\nlaer Williams, James Paxton, Stacy Potts, Isaac Smith, Isaac\\nCollins, William Tucker, James Ewing, Conrad Kotts, Stephen\\nLowrey, Abram Hunt, Moore Furman, R. Neil, M. How, Jacob\\nBenjamin, W. C. Houston, John Neilson, Francis Will.\\nMr. James Burnside was appointed the first teacher.\\nOn the 2d of March, 1782, the visiting committee reported,\\nthat the teacher appears to be attentive to his duty, the school\\nis in decent order, and an uncommon degree of emulation for\\nimprovement seems to prevail among the scholars; that good\\nattention is paid to spelling, reading, and writing, and that\\nJacob Benjamin, Charles Higbee, William Pearson, Wilson\\nHunt, John Clunn, John Trent, Hill Runyon, John Hunt,\\nRensellaer Williams, Noah Davis, Samuel Dickinson, Rebecca\\nCollins, Elizabeth Williams, and Elizabeth Crolius are learning\\narithmetic.\\nOn the 1 6th of March, 1782, the visiting committee reported,\\nthat John Kotts and Joseph Jenkins are added to the arithme-\\nticians since the last visiting day.\\nOn the 2d of December, 1783, Hon. David Brearley, Moore\\nFurman, Esqs., Messrs. Stacy Potts, Isaac Collins, and Conrad\\nKotts were elected trustees Hon. David Brearley, William\\nChurchill Houston, and James Ewing, Esqs., visitors of the\\ngrammar school; and Rensselaer Williams, Esq., Stacy Potts,\\nand Conrad Kotts, visitors of the English school for the ensu-\\ning year.\\nOn Wednesday, the 3d, at ten o clock in the forenoon, came\\non the quarterly examination of the grammar school at the\\nacademy. His excellency the governor, many of the members", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n225\\nof the honorable the council and general assembly, the trustees\\nof the institution, and a number of respectable citizens of the\\ntown and vicinity, were present. The students acquitted them-\\nselves to the great satisfaction of those present.\\nIn the afternoon, a crowded and polite audience was enter-\\ntained with exhibitions m. public speaking. The improvement\\nof the students in this and the other branches of education\\ntaught here gave the most flattering presages of the success of\\nthe institution, and the highest pleasure to the lovers of science\\nand the useful arts.\\nOn March ist, 17S5, the following names were found among\\nthe subscribers to the fund S. W. Stockton, Nathan Beakes,\\nWilliam Smith, John Singer, Samuel Hankison, John Rossell,.\\nand Benjamin Pitfield.\\nOn Thursday, June 30th, 1785, the examination in the gram-\\nmar-school of the academy was held. The Honorable Philemon\\nDickinson, vice president of the state, the Honorable Isaac\\nSmith, second justice of the Supreme Court, Colonel Cox, James\\nMott, Esq., state treasurer, James Ewing, Esq., auditor of\\naccounts, the Rev. Mr. Hunter, the trustees of the institution,\\nand a number of respectable citizens of the town and vicinity\\nwere present, who expressed their approbation of the perform-\\nances of the students.\\nIn the evening the scholars exhibited a specimen of their\\nimprovement in the art of speaking, in the presence of a polite\\nand crowded audience, who appeared to be agreeably entertained.\\nThe friends and proprietors of this academy are endeavoring\\nto establish a fund for the tuition of poor children, and in this,\\nlaudable undertaking they have met with considerable encourage-\\nment, by the liberal contributions of a number of the inhabi-\\ntants of this place and elsewhere, and hope to receive further aid\\nfrom the generous and benevolent, wherever they may reside.\\nThe academy was incorporated November loth, 1785, by the\\nname of the Trustees of the Trenton Academy.\\nOn the 20th of June, 1787, the Rev. James F. Armstrong was\\nappointed to superintend the academy by attending the several\\nschools occasionally, disposing the scholars into classes, direct-\\ning the number of classes, the particular studies of each class,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "224 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nattending to the government and order, observing how the\\nseveral teachers conducted themselves, advising the manner of\\nteaching, and presiding over public examinations.\\nMr. Armstrong resigned this appointment on the 17th of\\nJanuary, 1791 and as he, during part of the time in which he\\nacted as superintendent, gave his services freely and without any\\nprospect of salary or reward, the trustees granted him the privi-\\nlege of sending two of his children to any schools of the academy,\\nfree of tuition fees.\\nOn the 15th of February, 1794, an act was passed authorizing\\nthe academy to raise money by way of lottery.\\nIn 1847, owing to the necessity of more extended accommo-\\ndations, the edifice was rebuilt, and many important improve-\\nments made in the internal arrangements, with a view to promote\\nthe comfort of the pupils and the convenience of the instructors.\\nIn the meantime the original fund had so far accumulated by\\ncareful investment, that the trustees (in order to place the\\nadvantages, of the institution within the reach of all who might\\nwish to enjoy them), thought proper to reduce the terms of\\nadmission to the students, and to supply the deficiency to the\\nacademy from the interest of the fund.\\nThe principal of the academy, October ist, 1870, was Mr.\\nGeerge R. Grosvenor. The trustees are Thomas J. Stryker, G.\\nA. Perdicaris, Barker Gummere, Philemon Dickinson, and John\\nS. Chambers.\\nThe institution is flourishing and has an invested fund of two\\nhundred shares of the Joint Companies, besides their lot and\\nbuilding, and is out of debt.\\nBesides the institution above mentioned, Trenton has some\\nexcellent public schools, as well as some of the best subscription\\nschools in the state.\\nFrom the report of the school superintendent of the city of\\nTrenton, Dr. C. Shepherd, for the year 1870, we find there were\\nin the city six thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine children\\nbetween the ages of five and eighteen years, and about one-third\\nof this number attended the public schools. The average attend-\\nance was one thousand seven hundred and thirty-six during the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON: 225\\nyear. There are eight male and twenty-nine female teachers, all\\nof whom are in every way competent.\\nAt the present time there appears to be a difficulty in regard\\nto room more applications are made for the benefit of the public\\nschools than they can find room to accommodate, and the super-\\nintendent has made strenuous exertions to find some additional\\nschool room.\\nIn the year 185 1, Dr. Charles Skelton, late school superin-\\ntendent, presented the academy in the first ward with a well-\\nselected library of two hundred volumes of choice works.\\nThe public schools here are entirely free to all, the amount of\\nmoney appropriated for that purpose, for the year 1870 being,\\ntwenty-five thousand one hundred and sixty-six dollars and\\nthirty-three cents. Of the school fund, two thousand three\\nhundred and sixty-six dollars and thirty-three cents was received\\nfrom the state, and the amount raised by taxation in the city\\nwas twenty-two thousand eight hundred dollars.\\nBesides the public schools, there are a number of boarding\\nand day-schools in our city, in some of which the higher branches\\nappertaining to an English education are taught and in others\\nare taught the languages, as well as music and drawing.\\nIn the year 1750, there was a library established in Trenton.\\nThis was the first one of which we have any knowledge. The\\nrules and regulations by which it was governed we are entirely\\nignorant of, as there are no public records in existence at the\\npresent time, that I am aware of. The only knowledge of its\\nexistence is the fact above enumerated, obtained from Smith s\\nHistory of New Jersey.\\nThe Apprentices Library was established in the year 1821.\\nAt the first annual meeting of the Apprentices Library Com-\\npany of Trenton and its vicinity, held at the house of Joseph\\nM. Bispham (Trenton House), on the evening of the 20th of\\nApril, 1822, Charles Ewing, president, and Zachariah Rossell,\\nsecretary, the following gentlemen were elected officers for the\\nensuing year, viz., Charles Ewing, president; Samuel L. Southard,\\nvice president; Zachariah Rossell, secretary; George Watson,\\ntreasurer Samuel Evans, librarian James J. Wilson, Rev.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "226 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nAbiel Carter, Rev. William Boswell, Thomas Gordpn, Daniel\\nColeman, Charles Burroughs, and William S. Stockton, managers.\\nThe following report was received from the board of managers\\nfor that year, which was read, accepted, and ordered to be\\nentered on the minutes and published\\nTo the Apprentices Library Company of Trenton and its vicinity\\nThe board of managers of said company respectfully report\\nthat, immediately after their appointment, they entered upon the\\nexecution of the duties assigned them, with the hope and expec-\\ntation of speedily putting the institution in full operation but,\\nnotwithstanding their earnest desire and consequent endeavors\\nso to do, various circumstances concurred to produce delays, as\\nunavoidable as they were unforeseen, and it was not until toward\\nthe close of the past year that they found themselves in readi-\\nness to open the library.\\nThat, on the evening of the 31st of December, at the request\\nof the board, and agreeably to public notice, Charles Ewing,\\nEsq., president of the society, delivered, in the Presbyterian\\nmeeting-house, to a numerous and attentive audience, an appro-\\npriate and eloquent address on the utility and importance of this\\nand similar institutions.\\nThat, on the evening of the ist of January, the library was\\nfor the first time opened, when thirty-five volumes were taken\\nout by apprentices and other young persons.\\nThat, from a report of the librarian to your board, it appears\\nthat the number of volumes taken out each week, since the\\nopening of the library, has been, on an average, about seventy-\\nfive, ninety-three being the highest number in any one week,\\nand fifty-five the lowest.\\nFrom the same report, it appears that the whole amount of\\nfines incurred, for the detention of books beyond the time\\nallowed in the by-laws, is but one dollar and seven cents, of\\nwhich all but fifteen cents have been paid that all the books\\nborrowed (except two taken out two weeks ago, and those taken\\nout on Saturday evening last, all of which will be returned,\\nprobably, this evening), have been returned, and all in good\\norder.\\nThese facts are highly honorable to our youth, and encouraging", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 227\\nto this society. They prove that they properly estimate our\\nmotives, and set a just value on this institution, while they are\\na pledge to us that our continued and increased exertions to place\\nuseful knowledge within their reach will not be in vain.\\nLet it be further observed, to their credit, that the library,\\nfrom which they draw seventy-five volumes weekly, contains no\\nnovels, romances, or plays, which are so apt to captivate juvenile\\nimaginations, but is composed of works of more sterling value\\nand lasting usefulness on religion, morality, and science, his-\\ntory, biography, travels, voyages, c. It may be also remarked,\\nthat the collection from which this choice is made consisted at\\nfirst of but two hundred and fifty volumes, and now contains\\ntwo hundred and sixty-seven of course, it could not tempt the\\ntaste by any great variety, nor long furnish the attraction of\\nnovelty.\\nAs respects the funds of the society, the board have only to\\nreport that, agreeably to a statement of the treasurer, the original\\nsubscriptions amounted to one hundred and forty-six dollars, of\\nwhich he has received but one hundred and twenty dollars,\\nleaving twenty-six dollars unpaid that of the one hundred and\\ntwenty dollars received by the treasurer, one hundred and seven\\ndollars have been paid out on orders of the chairman of this\\nboard, for books, book-case, c., leaving a balance of twelve\\ndollars and forty-five cents in his hands.\\nSome copies of an excellent little treatise, lately republished\\nin Philadelphia, entitled, A Present for an Apprentice, have\\nbeen ordered, but are not paid for, and no part of the librarian s\\nsalary of twenty-five dollars a year has yet been discharged.\\nShould the balance due on original subscriptions, and the\\nannual installment of one dollar from each member, be[promptly\\npaid, as they ought, and as we trust will be, it will not only\\nenable the board to discharge all arrearages, but to make such\\nadditions to the library as are essential to its prosperity and use-\\nfulness.\\nThe board also indulge the hope that many who have hitherto\\nwithheld their aid, from a doubt of the utility of the institution,\\nor a fear that it could not be supported, will now, when such\\ndoubts and fears can no longer be reasonably entertained, come", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "228 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nforward, and, by becoming members of the company, and com-\\nplying with the terms of admission, or by donations of money\\nor books, contribute to enlarge the library and extend its use-\\nfulness.\\nOn the whole, the board offer their cordial congratulations to\\nthe society on the experiment made and the prospect presented,\\nand earnestly hope that none who have lent their aid to so good\\na work will become weary of well doing.\\nBy order of the board.\\nJames J. Wilson, Chairman.\\nThomas Gordon, CVk.\\nThe books belonging to the Apprentices Library were for\\nmany years in the possession of the late librarian, Samuel Evans,\\nwho had them in charge at the time the society ceased opera-\\ntions, but have since come into the possession of the Young\\nMen s Christian Association, where they are accessible to all\\nwho choose to avail themselves of them.\\nAt the head of this library association we find such men as\\nthe Hon. Samuel L. Southard, afterwards, for a number of years,\\nUnited States senator, and, at the death of President Harrison,\\nacting vice president of the United States Hon. Charles Ewing,\\nChief Justice of New Jersey, who fell a victim to the cholera, in\\n1832; General Zachariah Rossell, for many years clerk of the\\nSupreme Court of New Jersey, which position he filled until his\\ndeath; General James J. Wilson, editor of the True American,\\nand postmaster of Trenton. In fact, all the officers of that insti-\\ntution have been prominent men in the community, having held\\nresponsible offices.\\nIn July, 1838, the Trenton Institute was formed; but it was\\nnot until the 4th of September of the same year that the associa-\\ntion was formally instituted, at which time the following officers\\nwere chosen George Woodruff, Esq., president; Rev. John W.\\nYeomans, Stacy G. Potts, Esq., and Seth Lukens, vice presidents;\\nJames Wilson, Esq., Dr. Francis A. Ewing, Charles Parker,\\nRev. Samuel Starr, and Andrew Allinson, executive committee\\nTimothy Abbott, Jr., secretary; John Mershon, treasurer;\\nCharles C. Yard, Dr. James B. Coleman, Dr. John L. Taylor,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n229\\nJoseph Witherup, and Benjamin S. Disbrow were elected\\ncurators. They met on Tuesday evening of each week.\\nProfessor Henry, of the College of New Jersey, (now presi-\\ndent of the Smithsonian Institute), delivered the first lecture\\nbefore the Trenton Institute, on Tuesday evening, the 24th of\\nAugust, 1838, The institute continued in successful operation\\nuntil the 24th of March, 1844, when it ceased operations. The\\nplace of meeting was in the large saloon of the City Hall.\\nThey were in possession of a complete set of philosophical\\napparatus, and, after they had disbanded, these were presented\\nto the Trenton Academy.\\nIn 1842, Charles Moore, Dr. James B. Coleman, Benjamin S.\\nDisbrow, and Henry M. Lewis established the Mechanics\\nInstitute. They met every Saturday evening, in the upper\\nsaloon of the City Hall. Lectures on the arts and sciences\\nformed the topics there discussed. This was intended for the\\nbenefit of apprentices hence the lectures were free to all.\\nIn 1845, the Irving Institute was formed. Its officers were\\nLewis R. Justice, president; Christopher S. Hoagland, secretary;\\nCharles C. Burroughs, treasurer Lewis R. Justice, C. S. Hoag-\\nland, Charles C. Burroughs, and Joseph Corlies, managers.\\nThis institute was only continued for a short time. Its meet-\\nings were held weekly, at the City Hall, during part of the\\nwinters of 1845 1846.\\nThe Trenton Lyceum was next formed, with Edward W.\\nScudder as president.\\nIn 1852, the Trenton Library was thrown open to the public.\\nIts officers were Hon. Samuel D. Ingham, president Alfred S.\\nLivingston, secretary Timothy Abbott, Charles Hewitt, James\\nT. Sherman, Gregory A. Perdicaris, A. S. Livingston, and\\nBarker Gummere, directors; Jonathan F. Cheesman, treasurer\\nand librarian.\\nIt was in successful operation several years, and had upon its\\nshelves some of the choicest productions of the literary world.\\nWhen the library was first opened, in 1852, they rented the\\ncorner store in Temperance Hall, and continued there until\\nCharles Scott finished his building in Greene street, near State\\nu", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "23\u00c2\u00b0\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nStreet, in 1853, when they removed into the second story of that\\nbuilding.\\nThe following report was presented by the board of directors,\\nin 1855:\\nThe number of stockholders to the Trenton Library Associa-\\ntion is seventy-nine of annual subscribers, fifty-one 3 and the\\nannual revenue from these sources is two hnndred and twenty\\ndollars and fifty cents. The number of volumes now in the\\nlibrary, as nearly as can be ascertained, is one thousand six hun-\\ndred and six.\\nOn the 26th of December last, the library was much injured\\nby a fire, which broke out in the library room. The number of\\nbooks actually destroyed was not great, and did not (together\\nwith those which, though not destroyed, were not thought of\\nsufficient intrinsic value to be worth rebinding), exceed one\\nhundred and twenty; but one thousand one hundred and seventy\\nwere so damaged, either by fire or water, that it was necessary to\\nrebind them. When the fire occurred, many of the books\\nneeded rebinding, and, therefore, although the expense of repair-\\ning so many volumes will amount to about four hundred and\\nfifty dollars, the association are by no means losers to that\\namount. For, as the majority of its books will now be put in\\nstrong and substantial binding, the library will be, in that\\nrespect, in a much better condition than it was before the fire\\noccurred.\\nThe operations of the library association for the last year\\nmay be succinctly stated. At the commencement of the year it\\nwas in debt about one hundred and fifty dollars. This debt has\\nbeen paid, together with all the current expenses j one hundred\\nand thirty new works have been obtained an insurance of one\\nthousand dollars on the books, for five years, has been effected\\nin the Bucks County Contributionship our outstanding debts\\nare about sixty dollars, besides the debt for repairing the books\\ninjured by the fire; there is a balance in the treasurer s hands af\\nfifty-three dollars and sixty-three cents, and twenty-three dollars\\nare due from stockholders, and will, it is believed, be soon\\ncollected. This result has been effected by the current receipts,\\naided by the voluntary contributions of a few gentlemen.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n231\\nThe annual income of the association is now about two hun-\\ndred and twenty dollars. Its expenses will reach about one\\nhundred and seventy-five dollars, without including the salary of\\nthe librarian (one hundred dollars), which one of the directors\\nhas undertaken to raise by voluntary contributions.\\nThe library is to be kept open daily, from ten o clock till\\none in the mornings, and from three till five in the afternoons,\\nand on every Monday evening from seven o clock till nine. It\\nis thus rendered accessible at all reasonable times, and furnishes\\na resort which is always open to those who desire intellectual\\nentertainment or instruction. Such a place is a valuable addi-\\ntion to the privileges of our citizens, and it is to be hoped that\\nthey will learh to make use of and prize it.\\nThere are many useful books in the library, and it is to be\\nregretted that the most useful are the least read. If the com-\\nmunity choose to sustain this institution, enlarge its resources,\\nand avail themselves of the instruction already contained in its\\nsixteen hundred volumes, it will be both creditable and profitable\\nto them to do so.\\nThe present directors had, with the aid of some liberal gen-\\ntlemen, succeeded in paying off the old debts and providing\\nmeans for adding to the library when the fire of December last\\noccurred. It will now be necessary for the association to pay\\nfor rebinding the books injured by the fire, and also for buying\\nnew books. This may be easily done if the community will\\ntake a proper interest in the prosperity of the library, and it is\\nbelieved that the same public spirit which has raised the institu-\\ntion will sustain it and carry it on successfully.\\nThe following are the officers for the present year: James\\nT. Sherman, president Alfred S. Livingston, secretary\\nSamuel D. Ingham, C. C. Haven, A. S. Livingston, Timothy\\nAbbott, Thomas J. Stryker, Barker Gummere and James T.\\nSherman, directors.\\nThese books afterwards came into the possession of the Young\\nMen s Chris:;ian Association.\\nThe Constitutional Library Association was established in\\n1S53. It was composed of young men, most of whom were", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "232\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nunder age. They held their meetings in the third story of the\\nCity Hall.\\nIn the winter of 1855 the Trenton Lecture Association\\nwas founded. Its officers jvere William W. L. Phillips, presi-\\ndent William Howe, secretary and a board of directors.\\nThe Young Men s Christian Association has been in success-\\nful operation for about fourteen years, being organized in 1856.\\nIt has a splendid library of several thousand volumes, and the\\nvarious newspapers of the day are to be found in its rooms.\\nThrough the winter season the association has occasional lec-\\ntures upon various subjects. The rooms have been in Warren\\nstreet, over John B. Anderson s hat store, and over Charles B.\\nCogill s upholstering establishment, but are now located at\\nNos. 20 and 22 East State street, over Titus Scudder s dry\\ngoods store. The present officers are Joseph T. Welling, presi-\\ndent; Rev. J. C. Brown, James H. Clark, Samuel Prior, H. V.\\nB. Jacobus, and E. P. Knowles, vice presidents; Dr. William\\nElmer, recording secretary; James Buchanan, corresponding\\nsecretary; J. C. Titus, treasurer; W. C. Taylor, registrar; and\\nL. R. Cheesman, librarian.\\nThe Trenton Business College Avas established at Temperance\\nHall in October, 1865, by Messrs. Bryant, Stratton Whitney,\\nas a branch of the Bryant Stratton international chain of\\nbusiness colleges, then numbering forty-eight institutions, located\\nin the principal cities in the United States and Canadas.\\nThe college was in charge of J. S. Chamberlin as resident\\nprincipal, with two assistant teachers, and Caldwell K. Hall as\\nlecturer on commercial law. Mr. Chamberlin conducted the\\ninstitution till April, 1866, when he was superseded by Mr. G.\\nA. Gaskell, who continued in charge only two months, and was\\nsuperseded by Mr. A. J. Rider. August ist, 1866, Mr. J. A.\\nBeecher purchased Mr. Whitney s interest in the concern, and\\ntook immediate charge of the institution. The aggregate attend-\\nance for the year succeeding the opening was fifty students,\\nconsisting mostly of young men from the city of Trenton. This\\naggregate was not materially changed in the year following.\\nIn October, 1866, the college was removed from Temperance\\nHall to its present location, Wilkinson s building, Nos. 26 and", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 233\\n2 2 East State street, and a department added for ladies. In the\\nsame month C. K. Hall, Esq., resigned his position as lecturer\\non commercial law, and was succeeded by Judge Alfred Reed.\\nOctober 15th, of the same year, a preparatory department\\nwas added, which increased the average attendance to nearly\\ndouble what it had previously been.\\nThe year 1869 was an important one in the history of the col-\\nlege. It witnessed the withdrawal of Mr. Beecher, leaving the\\ninstitution again in charge of Mr. Rider. The building occu-\\npied by the college underwent a thorough overhauling and re-\\nmodeling, to meet the demand of the times and the growing\\nwants of the institution. Additional furniture and apparatus\\nwere added for imparting the most thoroughly practical course\\nof instruction. The number of lecturers and teachers was in-\\ncreased to five, and the aggregate attendance of students in the\\ngentlemen s department was two hundred and sixty-five, and\\nin the ladies department fifteen, making a total of two hundred\\nand eighty.\\nIn June, 1870, this college was admitted to the International\\nBusiness College Association, then in convention at the city of\\nBoston. (An organization which grew out of the Bryant\\nStratton chain soon after the decease of Mr. Stratton).\\nIn the reports of the convention this college stands in point\\nof excellence, as to management and course of instruction,\\namong the first colleges of the association.\\nNovember, 1870, Mr. William B. Allen was admitted as a\\njoint proprietor, and the business is conducted under the firm\\nname of Rider Allen. The aggregate attendance for 1870\\nwas three hundred students. The patronage, which was formerly\\nlocal, has become so much extended as to embrace members from\\na majority of the states of the Union. The institution is ably\\nmanaged, and its constantly increasing patronage indicates its\\ngrowth in public favor and influence.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XIV.\\nManufactories Stacy s Mill Erected iii 1680 Steel Works of\\nStacy Potts in 1776 Fithian s Cotton Mill Co7iverted into a\\nPaper Mill Subsequent Owners of Paper Mill Coxe s Mill,\\n1756 Steel Works Built mi 769 Belts and Parmly s Mail\\nPactory, 1800 Hall and Anderson s Distillery, 1800 Bil-\\nling s Carding Machine in 181 7 Mill of Lawrence Huron in\\n1814 SartorV s Calico Factory, 181 7 Brister s Mills, and the\\nvarious Manufactories on the Trentori Water Power, etc. etc.\\nAS before stated, the first mill built in Trenton was built on\\nthe Assanpink, in Greene street, in 1680, on the site where\\nthe paper mill of Henry McCall now stands. It was erected by\\nMahlon Stacy as a flouring mill. At that time there were but\\ntwo mills in the whole of West Jersey, one at Crosswicks and\\none in Trenton. This mill was built of hewn logs, and was\\nbut one and a half stories high, with gable facing the street.\\nAbout ten years after, in 1690, Major William Trent purchased\\nit, tore down the old mill, and rebuilt it of stone, two stories\\nhigh. This mill was afterwards converted into a cotton factory\\nby Gideon H. Wells. It remained in the same condition in\\nwhich it was erected by Mr. Trent until it was carried away by\\nthe flood of water in 1843.\\nStacy Poets built the steel works in 1776, in Front street, back\\nof White Hall, on Petty s run, and near where the frame build-\\ning used as a saw mill and owned by George S. Green and Ben-\\njamin Fish now stands.\\nIn 181 2, Josiah Fithian commenced the erection of a mill in\\nFront street, and near the site of the steel works of Stacy Potts.\\nHe had completed the walls, put on the roof, and was about put-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 235\\nting in the machinery for a cotton mill, when a heavy rain\\nundermined the foundation, and the mill fell with a terrible\\ncrash a mass of ruins. He rebuilt it, put in machinery and com-\\nmenced the manufacture of cotton cloth. He continued here,\\nhowever, but a short time, when he sold out to General Garret\\nD. Wall, who converted it into a paper mill, for which purpose\\nit has ever since that time been used. About the year 1819,\\nGeneral Wall sold it to John Davisson, who continued the\\nmanufacture of paper in the mill until 1847, when he sold out to\\nT. J. Ames, and in May, 1848, Ames sold the establishment to\\nJohn G. Gummere. Gummere shortly after associated with him\\nin the same business Henry M. Lewis. They manufactured to-\\ngether for a number of years, when in 1855, Mr. Gummere with-\\ndrew from the concern, and Mr. Lewis carried the business on at\\nthe old place until his death, since which time Horatio G. Arm-\\nstrong has carried on the paper business.\\nDaniel W. Coxe built a stone paper mill on the north bank of\\nthe Assanpink, where it empties into the Delaware river. This\\nmill was built about the year 1756. It was afterwards owned by\\nGeorge Henry and Isaac Barnes, and used as a manufactory of\\nlinseed oil, and also for grinding paints. Tiie east end of it\\nwas afterwards converted into a saw mill, and owned by George\\nDill and Samuel Wright. The building was subsequently fenced\\nin and was used as a pig-sty, when Hall and Ewing occupied the\\nsite where Furman Kite s carpenter shop now stands, as a\\ndistillery. John Heaver also carried on this mill.\\nThe steel .works on the Assanpink, in the rear of the residence\\nof G. Perdicaris, were built previous to the revolution, about\\nthe year 1769.\\nIn 1800, Betts Parmly, of New Haven, Connecticut, built a\\none story frame building, where the iron railing establishment of\\nJoseph B. Yard now stands. This building was used as a nail\\nfactory. Gideon H. Wells afterwards came into possession of it,\\nand used it as a store-house for the storing of cotton.\\nIn 1800, Henry Hall, of Monmouth, and a Mr. Anderson,\\nbuilt a distillery in Lamberton.\\nAnderson leaving the concern. Hall afterwards associated with\\nhim in the business Dr. James Ewing, of Philadelphia. They", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "236 HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ncarried on the distillery together for a short time. The water\\nto supply the distillery was carried in a wooden pipe across the\\nAsssanpink below the Greene street bridge, from a spring on the\\nnorth side of the creek. The spring is now known as Rossell s\\nspring, and is in the rear of No. 25 East Front street, the house\\noccupied by John D. Cochran. The pig-sty before mentioned\\nwas at Coxe s old mill, south of the Phoenix paper mill. The\\nbuilding in which they carried on business was a stone building,\\nand stood where Furman Kite s carpenter shop now is.\\nIn 1 81 4, Gideon H. Wells built a large cotton mill, five story\\nbrick, sixty by forty feet. This building was burned in 1845.\\nThe ground was afterwards purchased by William Hancock\\nand William M. Stetler, who erected steam soap and candle\\nworks on the site, and it afterwards came into the possession of\\nLevi Furman and Peter Kite, who converted it into a carpenter\\nshop.\\nAsa H. Billings commenced the hand carding business in a\\nframe building on the northwest corner of Broad and Factory\\nstreets, opposite John B. Burke s paper mill. Shortly after, as-\\nsociating with him a Mr. Denniston, they commenced a weave\\nshop in 181 8, in the Eagle factory, on the north side of the\\ncreek, in a stone building. In 1821, the great flood which car-\\nried away the two bridges tore out the south end of the mill,\\nwhich was afterwards repaired and carried on by Gideon H.\\nWells as a cotton mill. It was afterwards used by A. J.\\nDunn as a sash and blind manufactory, and in 1843 ^t: was\\nburned to the ground.\\nIn 1814, Lawrence Huron Co. built the brick mill in Fac-\\ntory street, now occupied by Samuel K. AVilson as a woolen fac-\\ntory. It was called the Trenton Manufacturing Company,\\nand was afterwards carried on by John Hoy. He associated\\nwith him his son, James Hoy, and the business was carried on by\\nJ. Hoy Son. It was afterwards carried on by John P. Ken-\\nnedy Co. On the 14th of June, 1851, the building was con-\\nsiderably damaged by fire. It was afterwards purchased by\\nSamuel K. Wilson, who, after fitting it up, commenced the manu-\\nfacture of woolen fabrics. He afterwards enlarged it by adding", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n237\\nabout one-third more than its former size to its western end, and\\na short time after he built an addition in front, extending to the\\nstreet\\nThe first calico factory erected in Trenton was in the j^ear\\n181 7. It was a frame building, built by John D, Sartori, in\\nFederal street, on the the Delaware river. It was worked by\\nhand.\\nOn the same spot, in 1837, a company of gentlemen from\\nPhiladelphia, New York, and Baltimore built a large building for\\na calico print works, and for a number of years this same com-\\npany carried on the business of calico printing. This mill\\npassed through several different hands, and was burned to the\\nground one Sunday morning, in the year 1850, while in the pos-\\nsession of J. Shepherd, of Philadelphia. The ruins of this\\nbuilding still remain, never having been rebuilt since the fire.\\nIn 1824, Daniel W. Cox built the stone mill at the foot of\\nMill street, on the Delaware river. He built it for a flouring\\nmill, for which purpose it has ever since that time been used. It\\nhas been damaged by fire three different times, in 1835, 1844,\\nand 1847. This mill passed through several different hands;\\nDavid Brister owned it at one time, and at another it was owned\\nby B. Titus, James Hunt, and Mr. Thomas. It was pur-\\nchased by Robert D. Gary in 1846. At one time it was\\nowned- by John Sager. James M. Redmond purchased it for\\nfive thousand dollars, at the time he purchased the water power.\\nOn Monday morning, December 22d, 185 1, David Brister (who\\nagain carried on the mill), was killed while assisting in cleaning\\nthe ice off the water-wheel. The wheel made one revolution,\\nwhich literally crushed him to death. After the death of Mr.\\nBrister it was carried on by Benjamin Fish, and afterwards by\\nJonathan S. Fish.\\nThe Trenton Delaware Falls Company was incorporated by an\\nact of the legislature passed on the i6th day of February, 1831,\\nthe charter being perpetual. The capital stock was fixed at\\nsixty thousand dollars, with the privilege of extending it at any\\ntime to two hundred thousand dollars, and the shares at fifty\\ndollars each. At the time the work was commenced, ninety\\nthousand dollars had been subscribed. The estimated cost of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "238\\nHIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\nconstructing the work was one hundred thousand dollars. The\\nengineers were Messrs Benjamin Wright, Charles Potts, and Ste-\\nphen H. Long, and this company commenced the Trenton water\\npower the same year, but did not complete it until 1834. These\\nworks, although they have proved of vast benefit to our city,\\nwere at the start unprofitable to the projectors. They have since\\nthat time passed through different hands, and such improve-\\nments have from time to time been made to the works that I\\nbelieve the stock at the present time to be profitable to the com-\\npany, and the works highly conducive to the prosperity and\\ngrowth of our city. It has been the means of building up a\\nlarge and prosperous business in our city, much of which we\\ncould not have had but for the facilities afforded by it. On its\\nbanks are erected many mills, some of which are very extensive.\\nIt is now owned by Messrs. Cooper Hewitt.\\nThe first mill erected on the water power was the Warren\\nstreet city mills, on the east bank of it, at the junction of War-\\nren street and the Assanpink creek, except the saw-mill built by\\nDr. John McKelway, now occupied by Hutchinson Brother,\\nThis mill is forty feet front on Warren street, three and a half\\nstories high, with three runs of French burr stones, and all the\\nnecessary machinery for a merchant mill. The mason work was\\ndone by the late Jasper S. Scott, and the millwright Avork by\\nSeth Jones. The mill was built by our enterprising citizens,\\nSamuel S. and Thomas J. Stryker.\\nOn the following year the brick, grist, and merchant mill in\\nthe rear was built. It is thirty by forty feet, three stories high,\\nwith three runs of burrs, each mill being propelled by separate\\nwater-wheels, the former by a seventeen-foot breast-wheel, and\\nthe latter by a twelve-foot overshot, and is supplied by a per-\\npetual water right, secured by the Messrs. Stryker from James\\nM. Redmond, the principal owner of the water power stock.\\nThe mills were run for the first time by the late David Brister.\\nS. S. Cooley, of Ewing, next took charge of them, after which\\nthey were run by the owners, the Messrs. Stryker, until 1S47,\\nwhen they were let to the present proprietor, Daniel B. Cole-\\nman, in connection with his father, the late James G. Cole-\\nman, and so continued until the death of the latter in 1855,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n932\\nafter which time they were continued by D. B. Coleman and his\\nbrother, Caleb Coleman, up to the present time.\\nThe brick mill was occupied in 1S39 by David Brister, then\\nby D. B. Coleman, until 1847, then by the present occupant,\\nWilliara Lee except the few years it was occupied by William\\nand Joshua Coleman and S. S. Stryker,\\nThe mill on Warren street was damaged by fire to a small ex-\\ntent in 1842.\\nIn 1835, William Grant, William G. Cook,^nd Charles Green\\nbuilt a saw-mill on the eastern bank of the water power, in\\nFront street, south of Delaware street, and near the spot where\\nEdmund Craft and Henry T. White s bow factory now stands.\\nThis building was burned in 1841. Benjamin Fish, George S.\\nGreen, and Charles Green built a saw mill on the western bank\\nof the water power, a short distance south of the mill of Grant,\\nCook Co., which was burned. The mill of Fish, Green\\nCo. was carried on by the same firm until the death of Charles\\nGreen in 1848, since which time it has been carried on by Ben-\\njamin Fish and George S. Green.\\nIn 1830 John A. Hutchinson and Binder Antrim commenced\\nthe turning and bending business in Hoy s old mill, now owned\\nand occupied by Samuel K. Wilson.\\nA short time after they commenced the above business they\\ncoupled with it the bow business. Their plan was to get out the\\nstuff and take it across the creek to the shop of John Rossell,\\nwhere it was bent in the form desired. In the year 1833, Antrim\\nleft the concern, and Mr. Hutchinson associated with him\\nXenophan J. Maynard, and they carried on the turning and bow\\nbusiness under the firm name of John A. Hutchinson Co. The\\nsame year they removed to Coxe s old mill, in Bloomsbury, occu-\\npying the third story. They erected steps on the outside of the\\nmill, over the raceway, and all their material had to be carried\\nup these steps to their shop in the third story. Their stuff was\\nstill taken to the shop of the Messrs. Rossell for bending into\\nbows.\\nIn 1834, they removed to McKelway s saw-mill on the water\\npower, in Peace street, occupying the upper story, just then fin-\\nished.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "240\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nIn 1S36, they changed the name of the firm to Maynard\\nHutchinson. The same year the name of the firm was changed\\nthey removed to a building on the east side of the water power,\\nand adjoining the saw-mill of Grant, Cook Co. They re-\\nmained here until the mill was burned, in 1840, when they\\nremoved to a building in Potts tan yard. They remained in\\nthis building until 1844, when Maynard Hutchinson pur-\\nchased the saw-mill of Dr. John McKelway. They fitted this\\nmill up, making a considerable addition thereto, and removed\\ninto it.\\nIn 185 1, on the 8th day of September, Mr. Maynard left the\\nconcern, and Mr. Hutchinson associated with him his two sons.\\nThe firm is now composed of William S. and Isaac S. Hutchin-\\nson, and the business is carried on under the name and title of\\nHutchinson Brother.\\nIn 1834, Joseph Moore built the flour mill on the corner of\\nWarren and Factory streets, and the oil mill adjoining, in Fac-\\ntory street. Joseph Moore, Charles Moore, and Imlah Moore\\ncarried on the oil business until about 1844, when, Joseph\\nMoore withdrawing from the concern, it was carried on by\\nImlah and Charles Moore, and is still conducted by the\\nsame firm.\\nThe flour mill was leased by David Brister for ten years;\\nbut in about two years after commencing operations in it, he re-\\nlinquished his lease, and on the ist day of April, 1838, Imlah\\nMoore associated with him Peter Crozer, and the mill v/as car-\\nried on by them under the firm name of Crozer Moore until the\\nist of October, 1854, when Mr. Crozer retiring from the firm,\\nthe mills have since that time been carried on by Imlah and\\nCharles Moore under the name of I. \u00c2\u00abSc C. Moore. The mill was\\ndamaged by fire in the month of August, 1839.\\nIn 1834, Dr. John McKelway built a saw-mill on the water power\\nat the foot of Peace street. This mill was occupied by\\nJames Cook for several years. In 1839, it was damaged by fire.\\nThis is the mill now occupied by the Messrs. Hutchinson.\\nTo the southeast of the saw-mill is the Phoenix paper mill^\\nbuilt by Bishop Davenport and Ralzaman Belknap in 1837.\\nThey, however, never commenced operations. On the 2d of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 241\\nJune, 1837, they commenced the issue of tickets, and with these\\nthey paid for the erection of the mill but, when these tickets\\nwere presented for redemption, in consequence of the pressure\\nin the money market, and the suspension of the banks to pay\\nspecie, they were compelled to relinquish their design of manu-\\nfacturing, and consequently the mill never was completed by\\nthem. In 1840, Jesper Harding, of Philadelphia, purchased\\nthe mill and commenced fitting it up; but before it was com-\\npleted it took fire, and was very much damaged. He, however,\\nput it in complete repair, and commenced the manufacture of\\npaper on a large scale-\\nWhen H. McCall had completed his large building on the\\nAssanpink, in Greene street, Harding sold out his interest in the\\nPhoenix mill, in 1850, to William Kay, James Dewar, and a Mr.\\nMein, three gentlemen from Newark they fitted up the mill for\\nthe manufacture of letter envelopes.\\nKay, Dewar Mein built an addition to the mill on the\\nsouth side, and put in a large steam engine.\\nIn the 5 ^ear 1852, the steam boiler exploded, in the night,\\nkilling one man and dangerously wounding another. Fortu-\\nnately, the workmen, both men and women, had just left the\\nmill for some purpose, or else many lives must necessarily have\\nbeen lost. The proprietors of the mill were not to blame, how-\\never, as the engine and boiler were new, and had been recom-\\nmended to them as being all right.\\nThis explosion tore the new part of the mill, covering the en-\\ngine and boiler, all to atoms.\\nIn the year 1855, Gaunt Derrickson, of New York, pur-\\nchased the mill, and for some time carried on the paper business\\nin it. It was again damaged by fire on Monday evening, No-\\nvember 5 th, 1855,\\nDr. John McKelway built a large machine shop in the rear of\\nthe Phoenix mill, on Peace street. This machine shop was occu-\\npied by Henry H. Bottom and Josiah N. Bird, and afterward\\nfor several years by Josiah N. Bird and Edward D. Weld. They\\ncarried on for some time, and finally purchased the mill and axe\\nfactory of Jonas Simmons Co., (now occupied by Charles Carr)\\nwho had already established the manufacture of axes in the\\nX", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "242\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nabove building. They did an extensive business, and in the\\nyear 1849, built the iron foundry adjoining their works. Their\\nmanufactory has been several times damaged by fire.\\nIn the year 1849, they commenced the manufacture of spikes,\\nunder the superintendence of Thomas R. Wilson, and in the\\nyear 1851, the latter gentleman erected his axe factory in South\\nTrenton, on the Sandtown road.\\nThe first building erected by him was a frame structure,\\nwhich in the year above named was destroyed by fire. In re-\\nbuilding it he took the precaution to build it of brick, rendering\\nit in a great measure a fire-proof structure. Bird Weld, dis-\\ncontinuing the manufacture of axes, engaged very extensively\\nin the manufacture of India rubber belting, and also of boilers\\nand other heavy machinery and castings of all kinds.\\nThey were for a few years engaged in the manufacture of\\ncooking stoves, but discontinued this, in order to enter more\\nlargely into that of machinery.\\nThey called their works the Phoenix Iron Works.\\nIn the year 1836, Daniel Lodor and Samuel Croft erected the\\nbutton factory in Warren street, on the south bank of the Assan-\\npink, and commenced the manufacture of bone buttons, under\\nthe firm name of Croft Lodor.\\nOn the 3d day of May, 1837, the building was destroyed\\nby fire, but it was rebuilt by the same firm, and was subse-\\nquently damaged to a small extent by lightning.\\nOn the 3d day of May, 1853, this factory was again injured\\nby fire, damaging considerably the upper story, together with\\nhis stock, amounting in all to about one thousand dollars, on\\nwhich there was no insurance, his policy having expired a short\\ntime before.\\nOn the day the building burned, an agent was here for the\\npurpose of effecting an insurance, but Mr. Lodor being out of\\nthe place, the insurance could not be effected, and the conse-\\nquence was, the owners had to bear the loss.\\nIn 1847, 01^ the ist day of January, John D. Byrne com-\\nmenced the manufacture of door furniture, latches, and bolts,\\nand brass castings of various kinds, in a frame building, where\\nthe sash and blind factory of Edward W. Page now stands.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n245\\nHe carried on about sixteen months, and then removed to\\nNew Orleans. He subsequently returned to Trenton, and car-\\nried on the brass founding business, at Millham, in a building\\nwhich was burned during his occupancy of it.\\nIn the month of May, 1849, Henry Ramp and Jared Hoyt\\ncommenced the business of iron founding in the same building\\nfirst occupied by John D. Byrne. They carried on there until\\nJune, 185 1, under the firm name of Hoyt Ramp.\\nImmediately upon the vacation of the building by Hoyt\\nRamp, Mr. Lodor erected a brick building for a foundry, and\\non the I St of September, 1851, Charles Deane and John Valen-\\ntine commenced the City Iron and Brass Foundry. They occu-\\npied the building some years for this business. Samuel Sim-\\nmons, Daniel Bower, and William C. Vansant occupied part of\\nthe button factory for the cutting of tobacco.\\nIn September, 1854, Daniel Moffat, machinist and die sinker,\\nopened a shop in Lodor s building, for the manufacture of\\nmoulds and dies, and experimental machinery of every descrip-\\ntion.\\nIn July, 1855, Samuel Kennedy commenced the manufacture\\nof saws, trowels, and squares, in the same building.\\nIn the same year, Joseph and James Dove commenced the\\nstocking weaving business in the same building.\\nIn the year 1852, Mr. Lodor built the brick building known\\nas the City Iron and Brass Foundry, on the same site as that\\noccupied by Hoyt Ramp.\\nDeane Valentine commenced operations there the ist day\\nof September of the same year.\\nAmong the manufacturing interests of Trenton the manufac-\\nture of bricks, at present, is a very important branch, and, not-\\nwithstanding the fact that the art of brick making has been\\nknown and practiced since Pharaoh s taskmaster said unto the\\nChildren of Israel, Go therefore now, and work; for there\\nshall no straw be given you yet shall ye deliver the tale of\\nbricks, but little improvement has been made in the art. As\\nit was in the days of Moses, and to the Children of Israel, a\\npunishment, so it seems to be now. But I find I am digressing\\nI will therefore proceed to give a history of brick making in", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "244\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nTrenton. Some of the first brick houses built in the city of\\nTrenton were built of bricks brought from the city of Philadel-\\nphia, but the greater part of the bricks used in Trenton, up ta\\nthe year 1835, were made at or near Attleboro Pennsylva-\\nnia, on the farm known as Pearson s brick yard, in Hamilton\\nTownship, Bucks County, about six miles from Trenton. There\\nwere, however, some bricks manufactured by a Mr. Emly, a gen-\\ntleman who came here from one of the Eastern States, about the\\nyear 181 7, and who continued the business several years. About\\nthe same time, Mr. John Smith, father of Charles B. Smith, manu-\\nfactured a few bricks each year, in connection with farming,\\nabout six miles north of Trenton, on the Princeton pike. About\\nthe year 1824, Morgan Beaks commenced the manufacture of\\nbricks, in .connection with farming, on what is still known as\\nBeaks farm. Beaks continued to manufacture about three hun-\\ndred thousand bricks per year, until about 1842 or 1843, when\\nhe was succeeded by Samuel Mulford, who made about fifteen\\nhundred thousand per year for one or two years, when he failed\\nin business. Beaks again took the yard, for about a year, when\\nPeter Grim and George Kulp took it and carried on the\\nbusiness one year. It again fell into the hands of Beaks. Peter\\nand Daniel Fell then took the yard, and carried it on for about\\nsix or seven years, making each year about eighteen hundred\\nthousand bricks.\\nPeter Grim and Joseph Hymer came to Trenton from Phila-\\ndelphia the year the prison was built, and took the contract for\\nfurnishing two million bricks to the state for the building of the\\nState Prison, and commenced to manufacture them on what\\nis known as the Hayden farm, now owned by S. K. Wilson.\\nThey continued the business there until 1837. The partnership\\nwas dissolved by the death of Hymer. Peter Grim then bought\\nthe lot at the intersection of Calhoun and Pennington streets,\\nand manufactured bricks there until about the year 1844 or 1845,\\nwhen Grim Kulp carried on the business on the Beaks place^\\nand, at the expiration of one year, they dissolved, and Peter\\nGrim commenced the manufacture of them on what is now\\nknown as Wainwright s flower garden or nursery. He continued\\nthere until he concluded that the business was unprofitable, and he", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n245\\nthen built a hotel and commenced keeping the same. The manu-\\nfactory then came into the possession of Henry Nice and William\\nKing. All of those gentlemen, with the exception of Samuel\\nMulford and Morgan Beaks were practical brick makers.\\nThe average number of bricks manufactured in Trenton from\\n1835 to 1850 was about two hundred thousand per year; from\\n1850 to i860, about three hundred thousand per year; and from\\ni860 to 1 87 1, about eight hundred thousand per year.\\nAll who have been engaged in the manufacture of bricks from\\n181 7 down to the present day have failed, with the exception\\nof two, Hymer and Christian Fell, who died after being two\\nyears in the business Morgan Beaks, who had a large farm that\\nsupported him and Joseph Bond and Charles Gaunt, who both\\nabandoned the business at the expiration of the first or second\\nyear and those that are now in the business. But what the next\\ngeneration may have to record in regard to those now engaged\\nin the business deponent sayetli not.\\nBrick making in this city has gained a celebrity all over the\\ncountry.\\nA few years ago Philadelphia was celebrated for making the\\nbest pressed bricks in the country, but now Trenton ranks fully\\nequal to Philadelphia, and our pressed bricks are eagerly\\nsought for.\\nAbout eleven thousand pressed bricks were made here during\\nthe year 1870, and forwarded to different parts of the country.\\nIn 1840, was commenced what was at the time a very small\\nbusiness that of coffee roasting, for the grocers. In a few\\nyears the grinding of spice was connected with it.\\nMr. James Yates was the first to embark in this business, and\\ntherefore stands as the pioneer of what is now a large and exten-\\nsive business in our city.\\nMr. Yates, when he first commenced this business, was unable\\nto realize his board out of it for the first year, but in from ten to\\ntwelve years his sales amounted to from twelve to fifteen thou-\\nsand dollars per year.\\nThere are at the present time four or five different parties en-\\ngaged in the same occupation in Trenton, all of whom are doing\\na thriving and profitable business.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "246 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nThe fire brick manufactory was established by Mr. Edward\\nDavis, in 1845, on a very small scale. It was first worked by horse\\npower, its capacity then being but from six hundred to eight\\nhundred bricks per day. It was gradually increased, until Mr.\\nDavis rebuilt and introduced steam power, and at that time its\\ncapacity was increased to twenty-five hundred bricks per day.\\nO. O. Bowman Co. purchased the works January ist, 1867,\\nand since then they have introduced new machinery, new kilns,\\nc. and its present capacity is seven thousand bricks per day.\\nThe terra cotta department was first built by Mr. Lynch, some\\nfifteen or sixteen years ago. The works adjoined those of the\\nfire brick works, and were only used for making vitrified pipe.\\nAs Mr. Lynch was unsuccessful, it fell into the hands of Mr.\\nDavis, and after that both works were named together, Trenton\\nFire Brick and Terra Cotta Works. Bowman Co. also pur-\\nchased the terra cotta works with the brick works.\\nIn August, 1869, the old terra cotta establishment was\\ndestroyed by fire, but was rebuilt with much larger buildings\\nand more steam power, of the best improved machinery, and\\nthree times its former capacity. It did not work over six months,,\\nwhen it again took fire from some unknown cause, July loth,\\n1870, and was entirely destroyed. It was again rebuilt, and is now\\nin good running order, and fully equipped with the best of ma-\\nchinery. Since Bowman Co. have owned these works, they\\nhave introduced the manufacture of chimney tops, chimney\\nflues, garden vases, fountains, and other fancy terra cotta ware.\\nThese works cover four acres of ground, and produce, when\\nfully worked, two hundred thousand dollars per annum, and\\nwhen in full running order give employment to eighty men.\\nIn 1848, Henry Taylor commenced the manufacture of leather\\nbelting at No. 30 Stockton street. In 1865, he associated with\\nhim his son, Frank H. Taylor, under the firm name of Henry\\nTaylor Son. They are now manufacturing about sixty thou-\\nsand dollars worth of belting annually, consuming each year\\nabout ten thousand sides of leather, and their business is con-\\nstantly increasing. The trade is chiefly a wholesale one, the\\ngoods being sold to jobbers in most of our large cities.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0272.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n247\\nThe Trenton Agricultural Works were commenced in 1853, in\\na small shop on Stockton street, by Messrs. Melick Quick.\\nIn 1856, they removed their factory to the present location,\\non Carroll street, near State. The business, which rapidly\\nincreased under the above firm, passed successively into the\\nhands of Melick, Withington Co. and J. Melick Co., and\\nin the spring of 1869, was transferred to the present owners, the\\ndirectors being Messrs. Bennington Gill, of Monmouth county\\n(president); John S. Cook, of Burlington county; Philip P.\\nDunn and Hiram L. Rice, (secretary and treasurer), of this\\ncity. Their manufactory covers nine lots of ground, and gives\\nemployment to forty hands, and has a capital of sixty thousand\\ndollars. The machines which they manufacture consist princi-\\npally of horse powers, threshers and cleaners, corn shellers, grain\\nfans, hay rakes, hay forks, and potato diggers, and are unrivalled\\nfor durability and superior workmanship. The improve-\\nments recently made by this company in perfecting the imple-\\nments manufactured by them should largely extend their increas-\\ning business, and, no doubt, will be fully appreciated by the\\nfarming community.\\nThe Mercer Zinc Works, located on Third street, in the sixth\\nward, of this city, employ about one hundred hands, when\\nin full operation, in the various departments of mining, teaming,\\nand transporting of ore from the mines, situated in Wythe\\ncounty, Virginia, and in manufacturing oxyd of zinc from the\\nore. The business was originally commenced in 1861, by John\\nS. Noble and Alexander C. Farrington, on the bank of the river\\nDelaware, on the ground previously occupied by Potter, Van\\nCleve McKean as a machine and locomotive works. After\\nthe expenditure of a large amount of money in the erection of\\nfurnaces, buildings, and machinery, the water power attached to\\nthe premises was found to be insufficient to drive the necessary\\nmachinery, and in 1864, the present site of the works was\\nselected, and the building of furnaces was commenced. Mr.\\nFarrington s death led to the formation of a company, but some\\nof those interested, having failed to perform the stipulations\\nentered into, Mr. Noble undertook to complete the works alone,\\nbut not having sufficient capital, an arrangement was made", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0273.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "248 HI ST OR V OF TRENTON.\\nwith Mr. Joseph G. Brearley, and the entire concern passed into\\nhis hands as collateral security for heavy advances made by him,\\nand subsequently Mr. Brearley became the owner of one-half the\\nwhole interest. The works, when driven to their full capacity,\\ncan turn out about three tons of oxyd of zinc daily. The whole\\nconcern is under the management and supervision of John S.\\nNoble and his son, Henry S. Noble, and at the present time is\\nundergoing extensive alterations and improvements. Coal and\\nore are brought in vessels and canal boats, via Delaware and\\nRaritan canal, to the basin communicating with the canal,\\ndirectly in front of the works. The establishment has to move\\nannually about twelve thousand tons of freight in coal, ore,\\nrefuse material, and manufactured product, and when in full\\noperation in the manipulation of the ore, c., over fifty tons\\ngross weight has to be handled daily.\\nThe American Saw Company was organized under the laws of\\nNew York, in Januar}^, 1866, with a capital of two hundred and\\nfifty thousand dollars. The manufactory is located at the foot\\nof Broad street, in this city, with a general office in the city of\\nNew York. Its officers, at the date of its organization, were\\nJames C. Wilson, president; Henry G. Ely, treasurer; Samuel\\nW. Putnam, secretary all residents of Brooklyn, New York;\\nand James E. Emerson, superintendent, of Trenton.\\nNo change in its officers occurred until January, 1869, when\\nMr. James E. Emerson resigned the position of superintendent,\\nand was succeeded by William E. Brook, who still holds the\\noffice.\\nThe company was organized for the purpose of manufactur-\\ning movable tooth circular saws, an invention of Mr. Emerson\\nwhile in California, in i860, but greatly improved in the more\\nrecent invention of September, 1865, and under which patent\\nthe company manufacture.\\nDuring the summer of 1867, other improvements and inven-\\ntions were made in the manufacture of saws, the principal one\\nbeing the perforated patent. This invention being applicable to\\nsaws of all descriptions, extends largely into the productions of\\nthe company.\\nThe saws, as manufactured by the company, are in use in every", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0274.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n249\\nState in the Union, and orders are received from many foreign\\ncountries.\\nThis has become one of the important branches of industry of\\nour city, employing one hundred men, at an annual pay roll\\nexpenditure of sixty thousand dollars.\\nIt is worthy of note, that at this manufactory was made the\\nlargest saw the world has produced, it measuring seven feet four\\ninches in diameter, the plate for which was rolled expressly for\\nthe purpose, in Sheffield, England. This saw was manufactured\\nfor the Exposition Universaille in Paris, in the year 1867.\\nThe works were destroyed by fire on the evening of the 7th\\nof February, 1870, involving a loss of about one hundred and\\nfifty thousand dollars, but in four weeks from the time it was\\nburned new buildings were erected, and the hands resumed work\\nas usual.\\nThe pottery business at the present time is more extensively\\ncarried on here than in any other city of the Union. There is\\nno kind of ware known but is manufactured here, from the most\\ncommon to the finest variety. White ware, equal in quality and\\nfinish to any ware in this country or Europe, handsomely\\ngilded, with the name of the owners, or with any design fancy\\nmay dictate, is manufactured here.\\nThere are about twenty potteries located in the city and its\\nimmediate vicinity.\\nOur manufactories are not surpassed by any city of the coun-\\ntry, of the same population in fact, our facilities for every de-\\nscription of manufacturing purposes are not surpassed by any\\nother city. Railroads and water transportation from all parts of\\nthe country centre here, so that passengers and freight can be\\neasily transported to any place on this continent, as well as upon\\nthe eastern continent, and the facilities for obtaining every-\\nthing requisite for all manufacturing purposes are unsurpassed.\\nWe beg leave to give first a general history of the pottery\\nbusiness, from its commencement, before entering into any par-\\nticular branch of that important business. For this history we\\nare indebted to a gentleman in the business and fully conversant\\nwith it.\\nThe rounding of the Cape of Good Hope by the Portuguese", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0275.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "250\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nin 1498, opened the riches of India. On returning, they\\nbrought among the curiosities of art, specimens of porcelain\\nfrom China. This was its first introduction into Europe, and for\\na long time its sole source of supply. About the middle of the\\nsixteenth century, some French Jesuits brought specimens of\\nChinese material to France for analysis, and at the same time the\\nChinese mode of manufacture, from which time its history be-\\ngins in Europe. The history of porcelain in China dates\\nback two thousand years before Christ. It is said to be their\\ncustom for a man to use the clay his grandfather prepared, and\\nto prepare an equal quantity for some future generation. This\\ncustom is merely mentioned to show the strong probability of\\nthe correctness of the Chinese record. And yet, singular as it\\nmay seem, discoveries in this century show the present continent\\nof Europe to have been possessed of great knowledge in the art\\nat least twenty-five hundred years previous to the introduction\\nof porcelain from China into Europe. Porcelain is now made\\nin England, France, and Germany, with great success, and there\\nis no natural reason why we should not prosecute the industry in\\nthis country with equal success. Indeed, it is being made at the\\npresent time quite successfully at Greenpoint, Long Island.\\nIt has been made in small quantities by nearly all our Trenton\\nmanufacturers, and even as far back as 1853, i^ report of the\\nindustries of the New York exhibition, in connection with some\\nremarks on French porcelain, we find recorded\\nWe would not overlook the existence of porcelain manufac-\\ntured in the United States, as indicated by the specimens of the\\nUnited States Pottery Company, of Bennington, Vermont. The\\nresults obtained are very encouraging, and the specimens sound,\\nand seem in all respects of a most excellent quality.\\nThe above-named company failed a few years later, owing to\\nbad management, and proved a serious loss to all interested, as\\nMr. S. H. Johnson, of our city, can testify.\\nPorcelain differs from our present Trenton ware in being\\nsemi-transparent, or translucent, and is much more costly, the\\nprocess of making being more difficult, and the loss in burning\\nfar greater. The tender nature of this material while in the fire,\\nrenders it almost impossible to find a perfectly straight piece,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0276.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n251\\nparticularly flat pieces of ware, such as plates and oval dishes.\\nThe two kinds of ordinary white earthenware, (such as are\\nmanufactured in Trenton), are made in England. She is our\\ngreat rival, and is doing her best to cripple our young industry\\nby ruinously low prices, so that she can eventually step in and\\ntake sole control of the United States market, as she had pre-\\nvious to our last war. While we do not make one-twentieth\\npart of this kind of goods used in the United States, still, we\\nexert a wonderful influence upon English prices. We could\\nname many articles they export into this country in large quan-\\ntities, where they have been compelled to reduce their prices\\nfifty per cent. The incidental protection of gold, during the\\nwar, gave us probably the only opportunity we would or could\\nhave had in a long time to start the business with any reasonable\\nchance of success. But we have made much progress in the\\nlast ten years, and profited by our experience sufficiently to be a\\nvery great thorn in England s side, and one destined to stab her\\nto death eventually, so far as earthly life is concerned. It is\\nhardly necessary to make mention of the great artistic vases and\\nfigures hoarded up in the various collections of Europe, and\\nvalued at hundreds of thousands of pounds, consisting of the\\nmost exquisite colors and figures of both ancient and modern\\nart.\\nOf it we will only say our materials in this country are fabu-\\nlously abundant and wonderfully suited to enable us ere long to\\nproduce, with our Yankee perseverance, as great and as good\\nspecimens as the Old World has as yet shown us.\\nEngland manifests pride in her pottery manufactures, and\\nperpetuates her traditional pleasure, profits, and interest in them\\nby her carefully-written histories and memoirs of the struggles\\nand triumphs of her Wedgwoods, Minstens, and other success-\\nful experimentists in the art. And shall we not, with propriety,\\nhave pride enough in our infant art of pot making to write\\nat least a short essay, to leave one small landmark for\\nthe future historian of the Trenton potteries (when Trenton\\nshall have become the American Staffordshire), to guide them\\nsomewhat in their labors, and to manifest to some extent our\\nsmall degree of interest and pride in the industry", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0277.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "252\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nIt is not our intention to disparage the abilities of the early\\nmanufacturers of earthenware in this country because they were\\nnot Yankees. Neither is it our intention to deny the fact of our\\nbeing under very great obligations to them for their knowledge,\\nand their imparted secrets in the art, but it is our firm convic-\\ntion that we have been putting too much stress upon old foreign\\ncustoms, and that the business will not be a complete success\\nuntil it becomes thoroughly Americanized. The time has passed\\nfor secrets in the business; they will no longer deter people\\nfrom embarking in the business, and capitalists will seek the\\n-opportunity to invest as fast as they can feel safe in doing so. It\\nis often asked why Trenton should have so many potteries. We\\nanswer, because we were fortunate enough to have the business\\nstarted here because some of our business men saw the advan-\\ntages it offered to them, as well as to the city because we are\\ncentral for our various kinds of clay, flint, feldspar, and coal\\nand because we are central for trade between New York and\\nPhiladelphia, the two great markets of the country. Trenton\\nwill probably continue to take the lead, because the workmen\\nprefer living where they have the greatest number of friends and\\nassociates in the trade, thereby rendering it difficult for isolated\\npotteries to keep their hands.\\nThe troubles of England s early manufacturers will be a guide\\nto us. Her ignorance of the composition and utility of her ma-\\nterials, and her many hundreds of years of groping in the dark,\\n(before her great Wedgwood experimented himself into the\\nnecessary knowledge), will be of all-important interest and ad-\\nvantage to us in this country, although our materials differ some-\\nwhat from the English, still the knowledge naturally and easily\\nobtained from the mother country, as well as other countries,\\nobviate any lengthy years of experiments before we can produce\\nevery variety of ware known. It is not a question of time and\\ntrouble with us, as it was with them it is only a question of op-\\nportunity, and to make it a success in this country, it is for the\\nmasses of the people to say to the art, Go ahead; invest your\\ncapital, gather your skill, we will see your early existence pro-\\ntected and fostered, to the end that you may make the ceramic\\nart in this country the leading, most chaste, and ornamental of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0278.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n253\\nall the arts, blending as it does the deep research of the chemist\\nwith the sculptor and painter. It will be proper here to say that\\nthe ware now made in Trenton is sold and used with the\\nforeign article from Maine to California, with entire satisfac-\\ntion to all, except to those fashionable and foolish few who\\nturn up their noses to all goods not made in foreign lands.\\nLike the iron interest, this industry will soon outlive these\\nweak notions.\\nThere is no branch of art industry in this country more worthy\\nof attention than this none that will have a more refining\\ninfluence upon the people none that would redound more to\\nthe glory and profit of the nation. Is it any wonder, then, that\\nFrance and China foster by government aid this branch of indus-\\ntry, and guard with a jealous care its secrets of manufacture?\\nThe Trenton potteries have made wonderful strides in the last\\ntwo years, and it is evident we will at no very distant day be\\nable to cope with the most thriving European nations.\\nIn closing this article it will not be amiss to ask a question for\\ntime and history to answer. Who is to be America s great\\nJosiah Wedgwood Who is to be our great benefactor in the\\npotter s art? Who will have combined with Americanism the\\nsame inventive genius and knowledge of the arts\\nThe pottery known as the City Pottery, located on Perry\\nstreet, between East Canal and Carroll streets, was pur-\\nchased by Mr. James Yates, of Trenton, and Nelson Large, of\\nLambertville, in 1856, being occupied at the time by William\\nYoung Co., manufacturers of porcelain knobs. In 1859,\\nYates Rhodes enlarged the works, and commenced the manu-\\nfacture of white earthenware, white granite, and cream-colored\\nware, being the first manufacturers in Trenton of that class of\\ngoods.\\nSince the organization of the firm of Yates Rhodes there\\nhas been several changes. Higginson, Rhodes Yates, and\\nYates Titus have since carried on the business.\\nThe present firm is Yates, Bennett Allan, the works having\\na capacity to manufacture from sixty to seventy thousand dollars\\nworth of ware per year, and at a comparatively small outlay can\\ndouble that amount.\\nY", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0279.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "354 HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nRalph H. and William I. Shreve were the first to start what is\\nnow known as the Glasgow Potteries, situated at the corner of\\nCarroll and Evving streets. It was first started in 1859, as a\\nyellow ware manufactory.\\nIn 1863, it was rented by John Moses Co., for one year,\\nwith the privilege of buying it at the expiration of that time.\\nOn the first of January, 1865, they purchased the property.\\nIt had then two kilns and no machinery, all the work being done\\nby hand, which caused a great amount of work in mixing the\\nmaterials for the body of the ware.\\nAt the present time they have five kilns and a large amount of\\nthe most improved machinery used in the manufacture of crock-\\nery ware.\\nIn September, 1852, James Taylor and Henry Speeler estab-\\nlished the first yellow rock pottery built in Trenton, the firm\\nbeing known as Taylor Speeler.\\nIn October, i860, Henry Speeler disposed of his interest to\\nMr. Houdayer, and purchased the foundry and machine shops\\nof Bottom Tiffany, which he converted into a pottery, and on\\nJanuary ist, 1868, he associated with him his two sons, Henry\\nA. and William F., forming the present firm of Henry Speeler\\nSons. They employ ninety hands, and, it is said, manufac-\\nture more yellow rock ware than any three potteries in America.\\nThe Etruria Pottery takes its name from ancient Etruria,\\nnoted for its pottery, as well as all the arts, having preserved\\nits history through all the ruin and wreck of thirty centuries.\\nAt the foundation of Rome, Etruria, or Tuscany, as it is now\\ncalled, was in its most flourishing condition. Etruria being near\\nRome, was a guide and father to her, both in politics and the\\narts. We give this little history because we are so often asked\\nthe meaning of the word Etruria.\\nThe original firm of the Trenton Etruria Pottery was William\\nBloor, Joseph Ott, and Thomas Booth, and was known by the\\nfirm name of Bloor, Ott Booth. This copartnership was\\nformed in May, 1863 ground was broken the same month,\\nand the first goods were turned out in November of the same\\nyear.\\nMr. Bloor Avas the practical member of the firm, he having", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0280.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n255\\nhad considerable experience for some years previous, in the firm\\nof Taylor, Speeler Bloor, but more recently in East Liver-\\npool, Ohio, where he had been interested in the manufacture of\\nporcelain, but was unsuccessful, the opportunity for opening its\\nmanufacture being ill-timed, in consequence of insufficient capi-\\ntal and inexperience, assisted by a total stagnation of business,\\nabout the time of the commencement of our late war of the\\nrebellion.\\nThe firm commenced to manufacture two kinds of white ware,\\ncalled C. C, or cream-colored, and W. G., or white granite,\\nand the manufacture of these two varieties is still continued.\\nThe firm of Bloor, Ott Booth existed only one year, when\\nMr. Booth retired, having sold his interest to Garret S. Bur-\\nroughs, since deceased.\\nMr. Burroughs remained in the firm a little over a year, when,\\nin consequence of ill health, he sold his interest to John H.\\nBrewer, the firm then being, as it is at present, Bloor, Ott\\nBrewer.\\nIn 1863, Mr. Charles Coxon commenced the Clinton Street\\nPottery, with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars.\\nSoon after, he associated with him Mr. J. F. Thompson, the firm\\nname then being Coxon Thompson. They manufactured\\nwhite granite and cream-colored ware, and the business was\\nconducted by them until the death of Coxon, July loth, 1868.\\nSoon after, the firm closed, Mr. J. F. Thompson disposing of\\nhis interest to Messrs. James E. Darrah and Moses M. Bateman.\\nThe capital stock at the present time is about sixty thousand\\ndollars.\\nSince this time the business has been conducted under the\\nfirm name of Coxon Co., the close of the year 1870 showing\\na decline in profits in the business, and the need of protection\\nby our government of this branch of industry.\\nRichard Millington and John Astbury commenced business in\\ncopartnership with William Young Sons, as manufacturers of\\ndoor furniture, in the year 1853, and continued as partners for\\nthe term of six years, but, in i860, they dissolved partnership,\\nand then built the present Carroll Street Pottery, for the manu-\\nfacture of porcelain and white iron-stone china, and after a", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0281.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "256 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nshort time commenced the manufacture of white granite and\\nqueensware, which is in use throughout the country. These\\ngentlemen claim to be the first manufacturers of white ware in\\nTrenton. The works now consist of four kilns and workshops\\nto carry on the manufacture of white granite and queensware,\\nwhich is unequaled.\\nThe East Trenton Porcelain Company was incorporated Feb-\\nruary, 1864, with a capital stock of one hundred thousand dollars.\\nThe directors are Imlah Moore, president Fred. Dellicker,\\nsecretary and treasurer Robert L. Hutchinson, Joseph H.\\nMoore, and George Trimble.\\nGround was broken for the erection of their buildings June\\nist, 1864, and they commenced manufacturing ware in July,\\n1866. The ware manufactured by them is of the white variety.\\nThere are four kilns, and four buildings two stories high, one\\nhundred feet long by fifty feet deep, two kiln-sheds, forty by\\none hundred feet, and one story high, with an extension fifty-\\neight feet wide by one hundred and twenty-eight feet long. The\\nmill room is one story high, with cellar.\\nThere are clay sheds, fret-kiln room and slip-kilns, one story\\nhigh, about forty by sixty feet, three of which have brick parti-\\ntions between, and all are under one roof.\\nThe packing room is built of brick, thirty-two by sixty feet.\\nThere is also a half basin belonging to the company, extend-\\ning from the canal along each side of the pottery buildings.\\nTwelve brick tenement-houses, three stories high, with three\\nrooms on each floor, and cellars under the whole, are also con-\\nnected with the works, and are occupied by the workmen and\\ntheir families these, with a barn eighteen feet high, forty by\\nfifty feet, built of brick and used as a stable for horses and\\nfor storage, with a frame wagon shed adjoining, fifty by twenty-\\ntwo feet, make quite a respectable village.\\nThese buildings cost about one hundred and thirt3 ^-five thou-\\nsand dollars.\\nA lot one hundred feet square is appropriated for a water\\nbasin, which is sixty feet square and five feet deep, with a supply\\npipe running nearly west one hundred feet, to a spring. Thi^\\nspring is capable of throwing water twenty feet high.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0282.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n257\\nThe capital stock subscribed and paid in is eighty-two thou-\\nsand dollars, and the capacity of the works is about two hundred\\nthousand dollars per year.\\nThey have the largest packing-house in Trenton, with cellar\\nfor hogsheads, and also a cellar under the northwest building for\\nthe storage of prepared clay.\\nTheophile Frey, of Zuric, Switzerland, was the first to intro-\\nduce the art of decorating with gold and colors in Trenton.\\nHe was also the first person who introduced decorating C.\\nC. and granite in this country. He first settled in Bennington,\\nVermont, and in 1859 came to Trenton.\\nAt that time the only potteries here were those of William\\nYoung, Speeler Taylor, and Rhodes Yates, at the latter of\\nwhich he introduced the art. He continued in the business\\nuntil about 1865, when he relinquished it. There are now in\\nTrenton about twenty persons engaged in that business.\\nY*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0283.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XV.\\nNew Jej sey State Prison First Opening in 1798 Its Builder\\nThe Guard-house, or Se7itry Box-, Tivo Men Shot in an\\nAttempt to Escape One Killed, the other Badly Wounded\\nEnlaj-gement of Old Prison Inscriptioji on Old Pi ison\\nCommencement and Completion of New Prison New Jersey\\nArsenal New Jersey Lunatic Asylum.\\nPREVIOUS to the year 1793, there was no place expressly\\nappropriated for the confinement of offenders against the\\nstate.\\nThose who were under sentence were disposed of in the same\\nmanner as those who were awaiting their trial. Hence, the con-\\nvicted were confined in the same jail with those who were only\\naccused. Each county used its jail as a place of confinement,\\nboth before and after sentence, for all persons arrested as viola-\\ntors against the laws and peace of the state.\\nIn order to separate those awaiting trial from such as had\\nalready received sentence, the legislature determined upon\\nbuilding one common jail, to receive convicts from all parts of\\nthe state, and this they denominated the State Prison. In the\\nyear 1795, this building was erected a few rods south of the\\npresent State Prison.\\nIts builder was Jonathan Doane. The prison consisted of a\\nmain building about eighty feet front by two hundred feet deep,\\nbuilt of gray sandstone, and, with its wall, covered about three\\nacres of ground.\\nThe wall was built of the same material as the main building,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0284.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "IIISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n259\\nand, starting from either corner on the north and south of the\\nmain building, completely surrounded it.\\nThis wall was about twenty feet high, mounted with a wooden\\nroller, the entire length, in which were driven sharp iron spikes,\\nfor the prevention of the escape of prisoners by scaling the walls.\\nIn the centre of the wall, and on the top, immediately oppo-\\nsite the main building, was erected the guard-house, so ar-\\nranged as to overlook the entire premises.\\nIn this house a man was constantly kept, whose duty it was to\\nact as sentry, and throughout the whole day to travel this east-\\nern wall, from north to south, to prevent the escape of the\\ninmates.\\nPrevious to 1834, solitary confinement was unknown in the\\nNew Jersey Penitentiary.\\nAH the prisoners there confined worked together, in a large\\nframe workshop. They ate their meals together, and even at\\nnight, when they retired to rest, they were placed three and\\nfour in a cell.\\nUnder these circumstances, it was necessary that a guard\\nshould be stationed in a position where he could overlook all\\ntheir actions. And in order to be ready for any sudden emer-\\ngency, he kept constantly at hand, in his little building on the\\nwall, a formidable display of firearms, heavily charged with\\nthe means of destruction. The object of all this was to be\\namply provided with the means of defence, in case of a precon-\\ncerted revolt of those confined within.\\nOne Sunday afternoon in midsummer, a I evolt of this kind\\ndid occur, which, but for the vigilance of the sentinel, would\\nhave proved a serious affair. But the prisoners were foiled\\nin the attempt.\\nThey had it arranged that one of their number should scale\\nthe wall and dispatch the guard, and at the same time gain pos-\\nsession of the sentry box, those below to keep up an incessant\\nvolley of stones and missiles, to prevent the guard from making\\nhis appearance to stay their proceedings.\\nNotwithstanding their well-concocted plan, the guard, regard-\\nless of his own safety, placed a musket close by the side of the\\nwall and fired upon the convict, just as he was reaching up to", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0285.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "26o HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\ntake hold of the top of the wall, in order to gain possession of the\\nsentry box. His shot took effect, killing the prisoner instantly,\\nand wounding another very badly in the leg. This timely action\\nsaved the lives of many, for had they been able to carry\\nout their plans, they intended to unlock the doors and liberate\\nall confined in the institution, and it is probable that a great\\nnumber would have been killed or wounded.\\nThis revolt happened in 1832, after the enlargement of the\\nold prison.\\nIn 1820, the south wing was built.\\nA short time before their attempt at escape was made, they set\\nfire to the long row of frame buildings used as workshops, burn-\\ning them to the ground, expecting, no doubt, in this way to\\ngain their liberty. But, as soon as the fire was discovered, the\\nprisoners were securely confined in their rooms.\\nThe number of convicts increasing with the rapid growth of\\nthe state, it was determined that something must be done for the\\ncomfort as well as the security of the prisoners. Hence they\\ndetermined to build a new prison, and abolish the old one.\\nThe following inscription is on the front of the old prison\\nLABOUR. SILENCE, PENITENCE.\\nTHE PENITENTIARY HOUSE.\\nErected by Legislative Authority,\\nRICHARD HOWELL, GOVERNOR,\\nIn the XXII Year of American Independence,\\nMDCCXI.\\nThat those who are Feared for their Crimes,\\nMay Learn to Fear the Laws and be Useful.\\nHIC LABOUR, HOC OPUS.\\nThe plan of solitary confinement having been adopted in\\nsome of the states, and having been found to answer a good\\npurpose, it was determined to adopt it in our own. Conse-\\nquently, the legislature making an appropriation for this pur-\\npose, the building was commenced in 1832, and completed in\\n1836. It is built of red sandstone, from the Ewing quarries.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0286.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 261\\nIts architecture is Egyptian, with four cokimns upon the front of\\nthe main building.\\nIts front is on the east, facing a handsome park, interspersed\\nwith evergreens, affording a delightfnl shade to the building, as\\nwell as imparting life to the gloomy walls of the prison.\\nThe prison consists of a main building, where the family of\\nthe keeper resides, and in which the offices of his assistants are\\nlocated, and to this several wings have been added, from time\\nto time, as required.\\nThe north wing of the prison was built in 1834, and the south\\nand centre wings in 1835 and 1848, respectively. The north\\nand south wings contain the cells where convicts are confined,\\nand the centre is the culinary and laundry department.\\nThe buildings are so arranged as to admit at any time, when\\nthe necessity of the case demands it, of two additional wings,\\nmaking five in all, and in 1870 another wing was added.\\nThese buildings are surrounded by stone walls, twenty feet\\nhigh and three feet thick, which enclose an area of four acres.\\nUpon these walls are six stone towers or abutments, twenty-\\neight feet high. Four of them are upon the eastern wall or\\nfront of the building, and two upon either corner, in the rear.\\nThe prison is warmed by tubes of hot water, passing through\\nthe cells. In the coldest weather the cells can thus be warmed\\nto a temperature of sixty-five degrees. They are ventilated by\\napertures in the exterior walls, and also by a flue from each cell\\nto the top of the roof.\\nThe air is pure, the outlet pipes perfectly ventilating the\\nbuilding. These pipes are cleaned by water, about fifteen\\nthousand gallons being daily used for that purpose.\\nThe convicts are employed principally in making shoes, chairs,\\nand in weaving. The provisions and clothing of the prisoners\\nare, in all respects, suitable to their wants, and their general\\nhealth is good.\\nThe testimony of every succeeding year is accumulating in\\nfavor of this system of punishment. The prisoner condemned\\nto solitary confinement, at hard labor, has leisure to reflect upon\\nthe folly and wickedness which has consigned him to the walls\\nof a dungeon, and to resolve upon a new course of action", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0287.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "262 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nafter his release. He is withdrawn from the contamination of\\nguilty associations, and can hardly fail to deplore the errors by\\nwhich he has been reduced to so pitiable a condition.\\nBoth as a means of punishment and reformation to criminals^\\nthe committee believe that the present system is admirably\\nadapted to fulfill the wishes of its friends and advocates. There\\nis now attached to the prison a library of two thousand three\\nhundred volumes, for the use of the convicts. The books are\\nwell selected, and the prisoners avail themselves of the privilege\\nof reading them with great alacrity.\\nTheir minds are thus engaged and exercised, and they are\\nprevented from falling into that besotted and stupid condition,\\nwhich sometimes results from solitary confinement.\\nThe first keeper of the prison was a Mr. Crooks. Henry Bel-\\nlerjeau was his successor. Francis Labaw succeeded Bellerjeau,\\nand was keeper for a considerable length of time.\\nThe keepers were for a long time appointed by the board of\\ninspectors. Ephriam Ryno, being a member of the board, suc-\\nceeded in getting the appointment by having a majority of the\\nboard in his favor, and this, with his own vote, bestowed the ap-\\npointment of keeper upon himself He held it for one year only,\\nwhen Thomas Perrine was appointed.\\nIn 1835, ^d before the completion of the new prison, Joseph\\nA. Yard was appointed keeper. He removed the prisoners\\ninto the new building in 1836. In 1845, Jacob Gaddis was\\nappointed, with Abram R. Harris, clerk. Dr. James B. Coleman,\\nphysician, and Mary E. Frazer, matron. For many years pre-\\nvious to this, Charles Sutterly had been clerk.\\nI have stated previously, that Joseph A. Yard was appointed\\nkeeper in 1835, and that Jacob B. Gaddis succeeded Yard.\\nGaddis was removed, and Yard was again appointed. Yard was\\nreinoved, and John Voorhees appointed, who only held the\\noffice one year, when Jacob B. Gaddis was again appointed, and\\ncontinued in office till 1851, when Mr. Vanderveer was\\nappointed.\\nNew Jersey State Arsenal. When the old prison became\\nempty by the removal of the inmates into the new building, it\\nwas determined to convert the old edifice into a repository for", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0288.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n263\\nthe state arras. They had previous to that time been kept in an\\nupper room in the old State House.\\nSamuel R. Hamilton, then quartermaster-general, appointed\\nCaptain Daniel Baker, of the city of Trenton, to take charge of\\nthe building and property belonging to the state kept there. He\\noccupied that position until his death.\\nThere are in the arsenal two cannon captured at Yorktown, on\\nthe 19th of October, 1781, and another taken at the battle of\\nTrenton. The building is not very well adapted for the keep-\\ning of fire-arms being built of stone, its walls are constantly\\ndamp, and it requires the utmost vigilance to prevent the arms\\nbeing so much injured from the dampness and rust as to render\\nthem entirely unfit for service.\\nNew Jersey Lunatic Asylum. -Doctor Lyndon A. Smith, of\\nNewark, was the first one who directed the attention of the pub-\\nlic to the necessity of providing a suitable asylum for the wants\\nand treatment of the insane in our state, in an address before\\nthe State Medical Society, in 1837. In T839, a joint resolution\\npassed the legislature, authorizing Governor Pennington to\\nappoint commissioners to collect information in regard to the\\nnumber and condition of the insane in the state, and if an\\nasylum was deemed necessary, to ascertain the best locality for\\nthe same, the cost of its erection, c.\\nThis commission consisted of Drs. Lyndon A. Smith, of New-\\nark; Lewis Condict, of Morris town A. F. Taylor, of New Bruns-\\nwick; Charles G. McChesney, of Trenton; and Lucius Q. C.\\nElmer, Esq. of Cumberland county. They were all physicians,\\nexcept the latter gentleman, who was lately a judge of the Supreme\\nCourt. After having performed the duty assigned them, they\\nreported the result of their observations to the legislature, at\\ntheir session in 1840-41.\\nBy their report, it appeared that there were at that time over\\nfour hundred insane persons in the state, many of whom were\\nsuffering for want of proper treatment.\\nAt the next session of the legislature the subject was referred\\nto a joint committee, who reported in fav^or of an appropriation\\nfor the erection of an asylum, and here the matter was dropped.\\nIn 1844, Miss Dorotha L. Dix, of Massachusetts, visited the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0289.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "264 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nvarious receptacles for the insane poor of the state, and, in a\\nmemorial to the legislature in 1845, urgently commended to\\nthat body the subject of providing an asylum for their care and\\ncure. Moved by the disinterested efforts and appeal of this\\ndistinguished and philanthropic lady, the legislature appointed a\\njoint committee, which reported in favor of prompt action. The\\nsame year, commissioners were appointed to select a suitable site,\\nand an appropriation made of ten thousand dollars to pay for\\nthe same, and twenty-five thousand dollars toward the erection\\nof the building. These commissioners were Daniel Haines,\\nThomas Arrowsmith, John S. Condict, Joseph Saunders, and\\nMaurice Beasley.\\nThe commissioners, after visiting various localities, deter-\\nmined on the one upon which the building now stands, about\\ntwo arid a half miles northwest of the city of Trenton, on the\\nBelvidere Delaware Railroad, and near the Delaware river.\\nThe tract of land on which the building is erected originally\\nconsisted of one hundred and eleven acres of excellent land for\\nfarming and gardening purposes. The landscape view is one of\\ngreat beauty and attraction, combining the diversified land\\nscenery of the valley of the Delaware, with a view of the river\\nfor two and a half miles, to the city of Trenton.\\nDuring the summer of 1845, ^^i F. Cooley, Calvin Howell,\\nand Samuel Rush were appointed commissioners by Governor\\nStratton to contract for and superintend the erection of the\\nbuilding and after visiting various institutions for the insane in\\nother states, and examining many plans, adopted the draft of\\ndesign by Dr. T. S. Kirkbride, of the Pennsylvania Hospital for\\nthe Insane, from which a working plan was subsequently made\\nby John Notman, of Philadelphia, the architect of the building.\\nThe building was erected by William Phillips and Joseph Whit-\\naker, of Trenton.\\nThe asylum occupies a central position on the most elevated\\npoint of land belonging to it, and is directly in front of a beau-\\ntiful grove of timber, thirty acres in extent, through which\\npasses a winding carriage road, from the main highway to the\\nhouse.\\nThe grounds on the eastern front of the building are arranged", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0290.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON. 265\\nwith walks, planted with trees, flowering and evergreen shrubs/\\netc., according to a tasteful design by the late A, J. Downing,\\nlandscape gardener.\\nThe building is constructed of reddish sandstone, (from the\\nEwing quarries,) laid in rouble and broken-range work, and\\npointed, with hammer-dressed stone for base, the roof being cov-\\nered with slate, except the dome, which is of tin.\\nThe building was originally four hundred and eighty feet long,\\nsince which time two wings have been added, on the east and\\nwest ends of the main building, respectively, thereby consider-\\nably enlarging the same.\\nThese wings were built by William Phillips, of this city, one\\nof the original builders of the asylum. They are intended for\\nthe more noisy patients, tliat they may be as remote as possible\\nfrom those who are convalescent.\\nThe building is lighted throughout by gas made from oil, and\\nmanufactured on the premises.\\nThe fixtures connected with the manufacture of gas are situ-\\nated in the grove, two hundred and fifty feet from the rear 01\\nthe centre building. There are three hundred burners in the\\nold building, of the bat-wing form. The average consumption\\nof gas per night is about four hundred cubic feet.\\nThe house is supplied with water from a spring on the pre-\\nmises. It is raised by two forcing pumps, one being driven by\\nthe surplus water of the spring, the other by steam power, and\\nare capable of raising three thousand gallons per hour. The con-\\nsumption of this essential article in the building ranges from six\\nto nine thousand gallons per day, which, in fuel and labor, is\\nattended by an expense of about three hundred and sixty dol-\\nlars per annum, or the interest on six thousand dollars.\\nThe government of the asylum is vested in a board of ten\\nmanagers, originally appointed by the legislature, but whose\\nappointment in the future are to be made by the Supreme\\nCourt. Their term of service continues five years, and is to be\\nperformed gratuitously. They have the appointment of the\\nsuperintendent and treasurer of the institution, and upon the\\nnomination of the former, the assistant physicians, steward, and\\nz", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0291.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "266 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nmatron, and, with the approval of the governor of the state,\\ndetermines the annual salaries and allowance of the officers.\\nUp to the year 1849, the appropriations of money by the state\\nfor the purposes of the institution, amounted to one hundred\\nand fifty-three thousand eight hundred and sixty-one dollars and\\nninety cents, which sum includes the original cost of the farm,\\nthe erection of the building, the various fixtures heretofore de-\\nscribed, the furniture, stock for farm, grading and improving\\ngrounds, making fences, c.\\nIts present board of managers are Hon. Alexander Wurts,\\nFlemington, president; Thomas J. Striker, Trenton, secretary;\\nRev. S. M. Hamill, D. D., Lawrenceville Hon. George F.\\nFort, New Egypt; G. S. Cannon, Bordentovvn Hon. Henry\\nK. Kennedy, Bloomsbury Hon. Moses Bigelow, Newark\\nJames B. Coleman, M. D., Trenton; C. S. Green, Esq., Tren-\\nton; William Elmer, M. D., Bridgeton.\\nHorace A. Buttolph is superintendent and physician Joseph\\nDraper, M. D., assistant physician; John W. Ward, M. D.,\\nsecond assistant physician Caleb Sager, steward Miss Mary\\nTabor, matron Jasper S. Scudder, treasurer.\\nThe asylum was opened on the 15th of May, 1848, and there\\nhas been received from that time up to the year 1870, three\\nthousand seven hundred and forty-six patients. The number of\\npatients in the asylum up to November 30th, 1869, was five hun-\\ndred and sixty-seven. Received during the year two hundred\\nand forty-seven, making the whole number under treatment dur-\\ning that period, eight hundred and fourteen. During the year,\\nsixty-eight were discharged recovered, forty-three improved,\\nforty-four died, and one escaped, leaving six hundred and forty-\\neight patients in the asylum on the 30th day of November, 1870,\\nbeing eighty-one more than at the close of the previous year.\\nThe receipts from all sources during the year, including a\\nbalance of two thousand two hundred and forty-seven dollars\\nand seventy-eight cents remaining on the 30th of November,\\n1869, amounted to one hundred and sixty-two thousand two\\nhundred and seventy dollars and ninety-seven cents.\\nThe payments for the same period were one hundred and fifty-\\nseven thousand and twenty-nine dollars and sixteen cents, leav-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0292.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n267\\ning a balance in the hands of the treasurer of five thousand two\\nhundred and forty-one dollars and eighty-one cents twenty-\\neight thousand four hundred and thirty-seven dollars of which\\nwere received from private patients; one hundred and three\\nthousand and ninety-five dollars and ninety cents from the seve-\\nral counties, for the pauper and indigent insane twenty-five\\nthousand one hundred and twenty-nine dollars and forty-two\\ncents from the state treasury, for the same class of patients and\\nthree thousand three hundred and sixty dollars and twenty-seven\\ncents for convict patients.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0293.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XVI.\\nMiscellaneous First Post- Office in Trenton, where located and\\nby whom kept Each subsequent Postmaster under the Different\\nAdministrations to tlie Present Time Quarto ing of Troops at\\nTrenton, in 1755, by King George II. Charter of Bridge\\nAcross the Delaware To whom Granted Erection of Bridge\\nFloods in the Delaware Destruction of Bridges on the\\nSame Trenton Water Works Charter, to whom Granted\\nCharter T7^ansf erred to the City Officers Appointed by the\\nCity Banki?tg Institutions Trenton Bank State Bank Me-\\nchanics and Mamfacturers Bank America Bank Trenton\\nSaving Fiend lodges. Masonic and Odd Fellows.\\nIN 179 1 there were only six post-offices in the state of New\\nJersey, and these were at Newark, Elizabethtown, Bridge-\\nton, (now Rahway), New Brunswick, Princeton, and Trenton.\\nThe amount of receipts for the year ending October 5th, 1791,\\nwas five hundred and thirty dollars, of which sum the post-\\nmasters received one hundred and eight dollars and twenty cents,\\nleaving four hundred and twenty-one dollars and eighty cents as\\nthe net revenue.*\\nAs to who the postmaster in Trenton was at this time we are\\nin profound ignorance, as we can find no authentic records to\\ngive the necessary information.\\nThe first postmaster here, of which we have any knowledge,\\nwas a Mr. Pinkerton, who filled the office during General\\nWashington s first administration. During Washington s second\\nHowe s Historical Collections,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0294.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 269\\nterm of office, John Singer received the appointment, and con-\\ntinued in office until 1801. Tlie office at this time was kept in\\nthe house once occupied by the late Dr. John Howell, on the\\ncorner of Warren and Hanover streets, and now the Franklin\\nHouse.\\nIt is supposed that Pinkerton s office was also at the corner of\\nMain (now Warren) street and Decou s alley, (now Hanover\\nstreet,) the second door south of where Singer afterwards kept it.\\nThe building was an old yellow frame, and stood about the\\ncentre of Hanover street it was afterwards used as a bakery,\\nand previous to its removal, at the time the street was opened,\\nwas occupied as a clothing store.\\nMajor Peter Gordon was appointed postmaster on the ist\\nday of April, 1801, by Thomas Jefferson. He had his office at\\nthe corner of State and Warren streets. Major Gordon retained\\nthe office only during part of Jefferson s administration, when,\\non the 1 2th of November, 1804, having received from Governor\\nBloomfield the appointment of state treasurer, he at once re-\\nsigned the office of postmaster, and Charles Rice was appointed.\\nHe continued the office at the same place where Major Gordon\\nhad established it. He remained in office during the adminis-\\ntrations of John Adams and James Madison.\\nIn the year 1825, John Quincy Adams appointed James J,\\nWilson, Esq., postmaster of this city. His office was at 105\\nWarren street, in the old brick building now owned by Henry\\nThoene. In 1826 Mr. Wilson died, and his wife served out his\\nterm of office. She removed the office into State street, on the\\ncorner of the alley opposite to Chancery court, nov/ occupied\\nby Charles Kraft as a shoe store, but did not long continue it\\nthere, the locality being unhandy. She was induced to move back\\ninto the street she had left, near the place once occupied by her\\nhusband. She continued in the office until General Jackson s\\nsecond term, when Joseph Cunningham received the appoint-\\nment on the 22d day of January, 1835. During his term the\\noffice was kept at No. 97 Warren street, in his own house, upon\\nthe spot occupied by William Dolton and Jonathan Blackwell as\\na wholesale grocery. He held the office during part of Jack-\\nson s last term, and Martin Van Buren s single term.\\nz*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0295.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "270\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nDuring John Tyler s administration, in 1841, Dr. John Mc-\\nKelway, received the appointment. His office was kept at No.\\nI West State street, adjoining the Mechanics and Manufacturers\\nBank, in the house now owned and occupied by John O. Raum\\nas a residence. In 1845, during the administration of James K.\\nPolk, the appointment was conferred upon Joseph Justice, Sr.,\\nand the office was again kept in the brick house in Warren street,\\nopposite the termination of Quarry street, where it had pre-\\nviously been kept by General Wilson.\\nIn 1849 General Taylor conferred the appointment upon John\\nS. McCuUy, who removed the office into East State street, No.\\n15^, at the place now occupied by the heirs of David C. Mount\\nas a confectionery. Mr. McCully continued the office here\\nduring the whole of his term.\\nIn 1853 General Pierce bestowed the appointment on William\\nA. Benjamin. He opened his office in the same place where it\\nhad been kept by Mr. McCull) but only continued there for a\\nfew months, when he obtained a room in the City Hall, on the\\ncorner of State and Greene streets, where he fitted up an office.\\nIt was at one time kept at the corner of Warren and Front\\nstreets, and afterwards kept by Joshua Jones, at No. 35 Greene\\nstreet, and removed by Frederick S. McNeely to Taylor Hall,\\nnearly opposite, where Israel Howell, the present postmaster,\\nstill continues it.\\nAbout the year 1755, during the reign of King George II., of\\nEngland, the country now occupied by New England, the five\\nMiddle States, and the four Southern States, lying along the At-\\nlantic, embraced thirteen colonies, belonging to Great Britain,\\nand all acknowledging the government of that country. None\\nof the country lying west of the states above mentioned was then\\noccupied by English settlers.\\nThe French had settlements in Canada, extending from the\\nmouth of the St. Lawrence to Lake Ontario. They had estab-\\nlished several forts and trading-houses along the shores of that\\nlake, to promote their trade with the Indians. They had also\\nlaid out New Orleans near the mouth of the Mississippi, and\\nhaving ascended the river, had laid claim to the beautiful and\\nfertile valley through which it flows. They had also built trad-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0296.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRExVrON. 271\\ning-houses on the Ohio river, and had finally determined to con-\\nnect their northern and southern settlements by a chain of forts,\\nextending from Lake Ontario to their establishments on the\\nOhio, and thence down the Mississippi to New Orleans.\\nAs this land was part of the colony of Virginia, the English\\nclaimed it as their possessions, whereas, the French having built\\ntheir forts and trading-houses upon it, claimed it as theirs. The\\npeople appealing to Governor Dinwiddle, of Virginia, for redress,\\nthe governor thought it best in the first place to send a messen-\\nger to the commander of the French forces on the Ohio, and\\nrequire him to march his troops away, and thus quit the country.\\nFor this important mission, George Washington, then but twen-\\nty-one years old, was selected. At that early age he began that\\npublic career which has endeared his name to every American,\\nand rendered it illustrious throughout the world. Washington de-\\nlivered Governor Dinwiddle s letter to the French commander,\\nwhich was altogether unsatisfactory to the governor; and\\nthe consequence of the encroachments of the French and their\\nrefusal to march their troops away was, a general war ensued\\nbetween the English and French governments.\\nThis war continued from 1755 to 1763 eight years, when it\\nwas closed by a peace made at Paris, in which France ceded to\\nEngland all her northern colonies, which still remain subject to\\nGreat Britain.\\nDuring this war Great Britain had her troops stationed in dif-\\nferent parts of the country quite an army was stationed here.\\nAt that time the buildings known as White Hall were erected by\\nthe king as barracks for his officers. These buildings were\\nerected in 1759; they were built in the spring of the year, and\\nbear the inscription 3 M., 1759, meaning third month, the time\\nwhen the walls were completed. This building commenced at\\nWillow street, extended west toward the State House thence\\nran south, crossing Front street thence taking an easterly direc-\\ntion, terminated again at Willow street, forming three sides of\\na hollow square. But in 1801, when Warren street was opened\\nbelow Front, and Front street continued on through to the State\\nHouse yard, the street ran directly through the old barracks,\\nmaking two separate buildings of it, instead of one as heretofore.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0297.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "272\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nIn excavating on the eastern bank of the Delaware, the remains\\nof individuals have been found, and considerable curiosity has\\nbeen manifested to divine the meaning thereof. Much specula-\\ntion has been made by the curious in such matters, some assert-\\ning that the place where these bones were found was the spot\\nwhere the early settlers, about 1676, deposited their dead;\\nothers, that they were Hessians and English killed here in the\\nAmerican Revolution neither of which, however, are correct,\\nfor they were English soldiers who died here in the time of the\\nFrench war, about the year 1760.\\nAs stated in a previous chapter all persons traveling from\\nPhiladelphia to New York would cross the ferry at Bloomsbury,\\nand proceed east to the Eagle tavern, and thence north over\\nMill hill to New York. This ferry was continued in operation\\nuntil the completion of the Delaware bridge, in 1806.\\nThe charter for a bridge across the Delaware river was granted\\nin 1 80 1, but the bridge was not commenced till 1804, and fin-\\nished in 1806. The present piers are about one-fourth higher\\nthan was at first anticipated by the architect. The projectors, in\\nplanning the bridge, supposed it was of such height that no flood\\ncould reach the top. But in this they were mistaken, for before\\nthey had accomplished putting on the frame work or th^ floor,\\nthe river raised so high as to completely cover up the abutments\\nand piers. Then it was that the company saw the necessity of\\nbuilding their work higher.\\nThe bridge is one thousand one hundred feet long. The\\nstones in the piers are fastened by heavy iron rods, of serpentine\\nshape, keeping them firmly together.\\nThere have been at diff erent times several extensive floods in\\nthe Delaware, causing iiiuch damage to mills, houses, and bridges\\nerected upon that stream but in consequence of the precaution\\ntaken in the erection of this noble structure, no fatal results have\\nhappened to it.\\nIn 1 841, during a freshet in the river, five bridges located on\\nthe Delaware above Trenton, were raised from their bed, and\\nfloated down the river. They were the following Yardleyville,\\nLambertville, Taylorsville, Reiglesville and Phillipsburg each\\nof these bridges passed directly under the Trenton bridge, tear-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0298.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\n273\\ning away some of the stays under the floor, but doing no further\\ndamage.\\nThe first freshet in the river of which we have any record,\\noccurred in 1691. The largest freshet ever known was in\\n1781 since that time nothing has exceeded the freshet of 1841.\\nThe piers of the present bridge are built of brown sand stone,\\ntaken from the Ewing quarries, in this county.\\nNovember 29th, 1809, a bill was passed authorizing Samuel\\nWright, Jr., and George Dill, to build a wing dam in the river\\nDelaware, for the purpose of conveying the waters thereof into\\nthe Assanpink creek above their oil mill.\\nNovember 13th of the same year, an act was passed to authorize\\nthe building of a lock in the river Delaware at Trenton, for the\\nimprovement of the navigation of the river.\\nJanuary 20th, 1814, William L. Prall and Jacob Lambert were\\nauthorized by legislative enactment to erect a wing dam in the\\nDelaware river at Trenton.\\nOn the 9th of February, 1815, Daniel W. Coxe, Samuel\\nWright, Jr., and Peter T. Smith, were authorized to build awing\\ndam in the river Delaware, opposite Market street, and to have\\na lock in the same, where it crossed that part of the river on the\\neast side of Yard s Island, of such size and dimensions that Dur-\\nham boats of the largest size and other craft may pass up and\\nthrough the same with ease and safety the lock to be not less\\nthan twenty feet wide.\\nOn the 24th of February, 1840, the legislature of Pennsylva-\\nnia passed an act to incorporate the Trenton City Bridge Com-\\npany, and on the Sth of March, 1842, the act was passed by the\\nlegislature of this state the capital stock to be fifty thousand\\ndollars, and divided into two thousand shares of twenty-five dol-\\nlars each. This bridge was afterwards erected at the foot of\\nCalhoun street.\\nThe terminus of the Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad was for-\\nmerly at Morrisville, near the bridge from there a horse car con-\\nveyed the passengers for Trenton and those going to New York.\\nThose for New York took the cars at State street, while the\\nTrenton passengers were conveyed down to where the Odd Fel-\\nlows Hall now stands, corner of Greene and Hanover streets.\\nIn a few years the trains commenced running over the bridge,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0299.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "274 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nand the track in Hanover street was removed, and passengers\\nfor Trenton were conveyed in stages to their respective places\\nof destination, while those for New York were conveyed thither\\nin the same train of cars.\\nThe bridge was built, having two wagon tracks, and on the\\nextreme north and south ends were paths for foot passengers.\\nBut when the cars were run over by means of locomotive power;,\\nwagons were prohibited from going across the north wagon road.\\nThe rules of the bridge were, that all wagons should keep to the\\nright to avoid the necessity of one wagon meeting another upon\\nthe bridge. The plan adopted when there was but one wagon\\ntrack was, the wagon first on the bridge should have the prefer-\\nence. As a signal, to notify the toll-keeper on the opposite side\\nthat a wagon was crossing, a man was stationed on each\\nend of the bridge to ring a bell, which was attached to a wire at\\nthe other end of the bridge, and no wagon was allowed tO\\nstart over while another was coming across. This plan was\\nfound inconvenient, and the directors resolved in 185 1, to con-\\nstruct a track expressly for the crossing of the cars, which was-\\naccordingly done.\\nWe take the following from Howe s Historical Collections,,\\npage 286\\nIn the southern part of the city is the beautiful covered bridge\\nacross the Delaware, justly considered one of the finest speci-\\nmens of bridge architecture of wood in the world. This bridge,\\none thousand one hundred feet in length, was commenced in\\nMay, 1804, and finished in February, 1806, at an expense of\\none hundred and eighty thousand dollars. It reflects credit\\nupon its architect, Mr. Burr, combining as it does, three great\\nobjects, convenience of traveling, strength, and durability. The\\nfloor is supported by perpendicular iron rods, hanging from the\\narches. It withstood the great flood of 1 841 unharmed, while\\nthe more frail structures of a later day were swept away. It is\\ncrossed by the Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad, having teen\\nwidened in 1851 by the addition of a passage way on the south\\nside of it for that purpose.\\nThe first charter for the Trenton Water Works was passed\\nDecember 3d, 1801. It was termed An act to authorize Stephen\\nScales to convey the water from his spring through the several", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0300.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n275\\nStreets of the city of Trenton. The preamble to which read\\nas follows: Whereas, Stephen Scales hath represented that he\\nhath purchased a spring in the city of Trenton, from which he\\ncan conduct the water through several of the streets of said city,\\nthereby supplying the inhabitants with plenty of sweet and\\nwholesome water, provided he can be authorized to lay his\\ntrunks through some of the intervening lots.\\nThis charter gave him power to convey the water from said\\nspring through any lots wdiich he might find it necessary to pass\\nin its way to the streets of said city, without let, trouble, hind-\\nrance, or molestation of any person or persons whatsoever, and\\nwith laborers, carts, wagons and other carriages, with their beasts\\nof burden or draught, and all necessary tools and implements, to\\nenter upon the lands through which it is necessary said aqueduct\\nshould pass, and to dig through and lay trunks in the same, for\\ncarrying on the said work, and for repairing the same from time\\nto time, first giving notice to the owner, if in this state, or to\\nthe tenant in possession thereof, doing as little damage thereto\\nas possible, and repairing any breaches they may m.ake in the\\nenclosures thereof, and making amends for any damage that may\\nbe sustained by the owner or owners thereof, :c.\\nOn the 1 8th of September, 1S03, James Ewing, Peter Gor-\\ndon, Thomas M. Potter, Gershom Craft and Alexander Cham-\\nbers purchased of Stephen Scales his right to said spring, and\\nby an act of the legislature, passed February 29th, 180S, the}\\nbecame a body politic and corporate, by the name, style, and\\ntitle of The President and Directors of the Trenton Water\\nWorks.\\nThe first charter granted to Stephen Scales gave him power to\\nuse only the water which should originate or rise from his spring,\\nor upon his said lot so purchased, but that he should permit all\\nwater not originating or rising upon his said lot or from his\\nspring, freely and uninterruptedly to pass for the use of the tan\\nyards on the stream made thereby.\\nThe stock of the first company that purchased the spring of\\nStephen Scales consisted of twelve hundred dollars, divided\\ninto sixty shares of twenty dollars each the company, when\\norganized, to be at liberty to extend the number of shares if they\\nfound it necessary.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0301.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "276 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nJames Ewing was chosen president, and Peter Gordon and\\nThomas M. Potter were chosen directors under the original\\ncharter.\\nAt a meeting of the stockholders, held on the loth of June,\\n1839, the capital stock of the company was fixed at twenty thou-\\nsand dollars, divided into shares of fifty dollars each. This was\\nconfirmed by act of the legislature, approved March 24th, 1852.\\nAt the same time, a supplement was passed to the act of the\\n29th of February, 1803, granting to them the privilege of taking\\nthe water, either in whole or in part, from the Delaware river,\\nand to construct all suitable apparatus for that purpose, but not to\\nobstruct, in any way, the navigation. The first pipes laid by\\nthe company were constructed of wood. These were afterwards\\ntaken up and replaced by iron. These, in their turn, were\\ntaken up in 1850, and replaced by iron pipes of larger bore,\\nand they have at different times been considerably enlarged.\\nThe officers of the company were, Jonatlian Steward, president\\nSamuel Evans, treasurer Thomas Hill, secretary.\\nIn 1854, an act was passed by the legislature, authorizing the\\npurchase of the works by the city, if, at a special election, the\\npeople so determined. In accordance with the will of the\\npeople then expressed, the works were purchased, at a cost of\\neighty-eight thousand dollars. The following were the first\\nofficers appointed by council William P. Sherman, president;\\nAlexander M. Johnston, secretary; Robert C. Belville, treasu-\\nrer. The capital stock of the company was increased to one\\nhundred thousand dollars.\\nIn 1853, the company built their basin on the Pennington road,\\nand after the works came into possession of the city, finding it\\ntoo small, the directors caused a new basin to be built in 1855,\\nand the same year caused cast iron fire plugs to be erected\\nthrough the city. The amount of stock purchased by the city\\nwas eighty-eight thousand dollars, twelve thousand dollars worth\\nstill remaining in the hands of private individuals, which was\\nafterwards purchased, and the works are now worth two hundred\\nand fifty thousand dollars. The city issued bonds for the pur-\\nchase of, and the various improvements on the works, amounting\\nto two hundred and four thousand five hundred dollars. The", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0302.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n277\\nincome from the works not only pays all the interest on the\\nbonds and all expenses of the management, but every year a\\nhandsome sum into the sinking fund, toward the liquidation of\\nthe debt. The last fiscal year, this sum amounted to three thou-\\nsand five hundred dollars. The present commissioners are\\nPhilemon Dickinson, president Albert J. Whittaker, secretary]\\nJohn C. Miller, William Hancock, Isaac C. Gearhart, William\\nJohnson and John B. Quigley, superintendent and treasurer.\\nThe Newark Banking and Insurance Company was the first\\nbank chartered in the state, and is still in operation. It was\\nchartered on the 17th day of February, 1804; and on the 3d\\nday of December of the same year, the Trenton Banking Com-\\npany was chartered. The charter when first granted was to\\ncontinue in force for twenty years. The original act of the\\nlegislature authorized a subscription to be opened for three hun-\\ndred, thousand dollars, in shares of fifty dollars each, under h^\\ndirection of James Ewing, Joshua Wright, George Abbott, Pe ef\\nHunt, and Abner Reeder. The affairs of the institution are\\ncontrolled by a board of eleven directors, elected annually, any\\nseven of whom can, at their first regular meeting after every\\ngeneral election, elect from among themselves, by a majority of\\nthe members present, by ballot, a president, who shall be an\\ninhabitant of the city of Trenton or Nottingham. In the ap-\\npointment of a cashier or treasurer, the vote of seven directors\\nwas necessary to a choice, who, when chosen, were required to\\ngive bond, with two or more sureties, to the satisfaction of the\\ndirectors, in a sum not less than sixty thousand dollars, with\\ncondition for their good behavior. Each director, cashier, or\\ntreasurer, before entering upon the duties of his office, was to make\\noath or affirmation faithfully to perform the duties of his office,\\nagreeably to the provisions of the law and the trust in him\\nreposed, to the best of his skill and understanding.\\nAn act was passed on the 14th day of November, 182 1, ex-\\ntending the charter fifteen years, to expire on the 3d day of\\nDecember, 1839. On the 20th of February, 1838, an additional\\nact was passed, further extending the charter for the term of\\ntwenty years, from and after the 3d day of December, 1839.\\nAt the session of the legislature of 1854, a further extension\\n2a", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0303.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "278\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nwas granted, and at the same time the stockholders and directors\\nwere made personally responsible. This last act seems to have\\ngiven general satisfaction. Considerable feeling existed upon\\nthe subject of special banking privileges, but since the liabilities\\nhave been thrown upon the officers of the institution, it has\\nallayed all feeling upon that subject, and the people are satisfied\\nthat their money is perfectly safe in the vaults of such institutions\\nas the one above. Isaac Smith was the first president, appointed\\nin 1805 Pearson Hunt, cashier, and Josiah Fi^^hian, teller.\\nJonathan Rhea, second president, was appointed in 1807. John\\nBeatty, third president, was appointed in 1815. Thomas L.\\nWoodruff was appointed president in 1826, In 1828 Joseph\\nOlden Clarke was appointed cashier, and John Thompson teller.\\nIn 1832 Philemon Dickinson was appointed president; the same\\nyear, John Titus cashier, and Jasper S. Scudder teller after Titus\\nhad resigned, Thomas J. Stryker was appointed cashier.\\nIn 183S the new building was erected on the site where the\\nold one had stood. The architect was Thomas U. Walter, of\\nPhiladelphia.\\nThe capital stock was two hundred and ten thousand dollars,\\nwith capacity to increase to six hundred thousand dollars it is\\nnow four hundred and fifty thousand dollars. The state origi-\\nnally owned one thousand two hundred shares of stock, which\\nwere purchased by the bank. The par value of stock is fifty dol-\\nlars; thirty dollars per share was originally called in, the remain-\\ning installments having been ordered by the stockholders in\\n1855. The present directors are, Philemon Dickinson, Charles\\nS. Olden, Caleb S. Green, William G. Cook, Benjamin ,Fish,\\nJonathan Steward, Albert J. Whittaker, Alexander Wurts, S.\\nMoore Hart, Samuel S. Stryker notary public, Charles C.\\nBurroughs.\\nThe State Bank commenced operations in the year 181 1.\\nTheir first banking house was at No. 22 East State street, on the\\nsite now occupied by the stores of Bechtel, Davison Dye, and\\nWillet Hicks. The last officers of this institution were, Abner\\nReeder, president Lambert Rickey, cashier, and George Wat-\\nson teller. In 181 2 they built their banking-house on the corner\\nof Warren and Bank streets. It ceased operations in the year 1822.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0304.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n279\\nFebruary 19th, 1834, the Mechanics and Manufacturers Bank\\nwas chartered. February i6th, 1843, passed authorizing\\nthem to reduce their capital stock whenever they might think\\nproper so to do, and on the 19th of March, 1857, they were\\nauthorized to increase it, making their capital stock five hundred\\nthousand dollars.\\nTheir present officers are, Timothy Abbott, president\\nJames S. Clark, cashier directors, Joseph G. Brearley, Samuel\\nK. Wilson, Daniel P. Forst, Frederick R. Wilkinson, Edward\\nW. Evans, Augustus G. Richey, Timothy Abbott, Imlah Moore\\nand Ferdinand W. Roebling; notary public, Joseph H. Hough.\\nIn 1837 they built their present banking-house, having occu-\\npied the building No. 75 Warren street, as did also the Trenton\\nBank previously, while they were erecting their new building.\\nOn the 7th of March, 1844, the Trenton Saving Fund Society\\nwas incorporated. Its corporators were, Peter D. Vroom, John\\nC. Redman, John Read, Stacy G. Potts, George Dill, Xenophon\\nJ. Maynard, Richard J. Bond, Thomas J. Stryker, Jacob Kline,\\nJasper S. Scudder, Timothy Abbott, Charles Parker, and Henry\\nW. Green. The present officers are, Caleb S. Green, president;\\nLewis Parker, Jr., treasurer and secretary; managers, Caleb S.\\nGreen, Thomas J. Stryker, Timothy Abbott, Benjamin Fish, G.\\nA. Perdicaris, Joseph G. Brearley, Augustus G. Richey, William\\nG. Cook, Albert J. Whittaker, and William J. Owens. Their\\ndeposits amount to about four hundred thousand dollars.\\nMarch 2 2d, i860, the Merchants Bank was chartered, with a\\ncapital stock of three hundred thousand dollars, with power to\\nincrease the same to five hundred thousand dollars, to be divided\\ninto shares of fifty dollars each. The corporators were, George\\nS. Green, Charles Scott, Robert C. Hutchinson, Ralph H.\\nShreve, Harper Crozer, Henry D. Phillips, Joseph Whittaker,\\nCharles Brearley, Isaac Stephens, Theodore W. Hill, Albert J.\\nWhittaker, Charles Moore, Samuel R. Smith, and Daniel R.\\nBower. On the 24th of March, 1862, its charter was repealed,\\nand receivers were appointed to settle up the concern.\\nOn the 28th of January, 1864, the First National Bank was\\nchartered. Its capital stock was five hundred thousand dollars.\\nThey opened their banking-house in Greene street, in the room", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0305.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "28o HI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\noccupied by the Trenton Savings Bank, and continued there until\\ntheir new banking-house was erected. The present officers are,\\nPhilip P. Dunn, president; Samuel R. Smith, vice president;\\nCharles Whitehead, cashier; directors, Philip P. Dunn, John\\nK. Smith, Samuel R. Smith, Joseph Whitehead, Mahlon Hutch-\\ninson, Elwood Parsons, John S. Comfort, Jacob R. Freese,\\nJoseph McPherson, Hudson S. Ellis, Charles Scott, and Wood-\\nbury D. Holt.\\nThe State Savings Bank was incorporated March 31, 1869.\\nIts officers and managers are, Samuel K. Wilson, president;\\nJacob R. Freese, vice president and treasurer Harry C. Freese,\\nsecretary and cashier board of managers, Samuel K. Wilson,\\nJacob R. Freese, Phillip P. Dunn, Caleb Sager, and Charles\\nHewitt.\\nMarch ist, 1870, the Mercer County Bank, of Trenton, was\\nincorporated, with a capital stock of two hundred thousand dol-\\nlars, with the privilege of increasing it to five hundred thousand\\ndollars, in shares of fift)- dollars each. The corporators were,\\nAlfred S. Livingston, Edward H. Stokes, William R. Titus,\\nBakes Pickel, Scudder H. Cook, Joseph B. Yard, Alfred Muir-\\nheid, John Taylor and Thomas C. Pearce.\\nMarch 17th, 1870, the Peoples Savings Bank was incorpo-\\nrated. The corporators were, Frederick R. Wilkinson, Garret\\nD. W. Vroom, John L. Murphy, Moses D. Naar, Baltes Pickel,\\nIsaac Wood, Joseph MacPherson, Frank S. Katzenbach, Daniel\\nB. Coleman, Henry S. Cox, Joshua S. Day, Alpheus Swayze,\\nCharles Baker, William H. Barton, Alfred Reed, Crowell Marsh,\\nand John W. Scudder. The first annual report rendered to the\\nlegislature January 14th, 1871, showed the total deposits received\\nsince opening the bank, May 14th, 1869, to be two hundred and\\nnineteen thousand one hundred and nine dollars and fifty-eight\\ncents. Deposits withdrawn, one hundred and thirty-nine thou-\\nsand six hundred and twenty-four dollars and forty-one cents,\\nleaving balance on hand due depositors, seventy-nine thousand\\nfour hundred and eighty-five dollars and seventeen cents.\\nAccounts open at that -date, five hundred and forty-nine.\\nAmount of interest paid on accounts for year ending January 14th,\\n187 1, two thousand seven hundred and sixty-two dollars and\\nsixtv-nine cents.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0306.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 28 1\\nThe Trenton Insurance Company was incorporated March 2d,\\n1842. The directors were, James M. Redmond, Jacob Kline,\\nPhilemon Dickinson, Thomas J. Stryker, Benjamin Fish, Charles\\nG. Green, Crispin Blackfan, Richard J. Bond, John Whittaker,\\nIsaac Baker, Emley Olden, John B. Mount, James T. Sherman.\\nThe capital stock was one hundred thousand dollars, divided\\ninto shares of one hundred dollars each.\\nThe Trenton Mutual Life and Fire Insurance Company was\\nincorporated February 5th, 1847. The directors were, Philemon\\nDickinson, Xenophon J. Maynard, John A. Weart, Jasper S.\\nScudder, Joseph C. Potts, Jonathan Fisk, and Eli Morris.\\nThe Pacific Mutual Insurance Company was incorporated Feb-\\nruary 19th, 1 85 1. Its incorporators were John F. Hageman,\\nXenophon J. Maynard, Philemon Dickinson, and William J. Ing-\\nham.\\nThe Peoples Fire Insurance Company was incorporated Feb-\\nruary 25th, 1 86 1. Its incorporators were, Samuel S. Stryker^\\nImlah Moore, James T. Sherman, Alfred S. Livingston, Charles\\nScott, William R. Mcllvaine, Joseph Whittaker, William W.\\nNorcross, Barker Gummere, Frederick R. Wilkinson, and John R.\\nTucker. The capital stock was not to exceed two hundred thou-\\nsand dollars, divided into shares of fifty dollars each.\\nThe Capital Insurance Company was chartered April 9th,\\n1867. The incorporators were, Frederick R. Wilkinson, John\\nTaylor, Charles Bechtel, Benjamin O. Tyler, John O. Raum,\\nJames Buchanan, and Daniel Peters. The capital stock v\\\\as fifty\\nthousand dollars, with power to increase it to one hundred thou-\\nsand dollars, and was divided into shares of fifty dollars each.\\nThe Standard Fire Insurance Company was chartered Feb-\\nruary 27th, 1868. The incorporators were, John C. Cook, Wiliam\\nBoswell, Charles Bechtel, Robert C. Belville, John O. Raum,\\nBenjamin O. Tyler, Daniel Peters, Henry Denison, W. D. Oli-\\nphant. The capital stock was fifty thousand dollars, with power\\nto increase it to one hundred thousand dollars.\\nThe Trenton Fire Insurance Company was incorporated Feb-\\nruary 26th, 1869. Its corporators were, William H. Potts,\\nCharles Carr, Charles Swan, Henry Speeler, Watson F. Varj\\nCamp, Peter C. Onderdonk, Charles B. Van Syckel, John L\u00e2\u0080\u009e\\n2 A*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0307.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "282 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nMurphy, Thomas J. Corson, Theodore W. Hill, Jonathan Cook,\\nBaltes Pickel, and Jacob R. Freese. The r apit il stock was not to\\nexceed two hundred thousand dollars, divided into shares of fifty\\ndollars each.\\nThe Fire Association of Trenton was incorporated March 30th,\\n^869. The incorporators were John Taylor, Lewis Parker, Jr.,\\nWilliam H. Barton, George Furman, Charles B. Cogill, John O.\\nRaum, Joseph Milburn, Charles Megill, W lliam Johnston, Jr.,\\nAbraham Chamberlain, Henry C. Kafer, James S. Kiger, John\\nG. Bigelow, Herbert N. Ryan, Robert Jackson, and William\\nRoberts. The capital stock was fifty thousand dollars, with\\npower to increase it to one hundred thousand dollars.\\nThe Grand Lodge of New Jersey of Ancient Free and Ac-\\ncepted Masons, was instituted by a charter from England,\\nDecember iSth, 1786, and meets annually in Trenton. The\\nHon. Dnvid Brearly, Esq., chief justice of New Jersey, was\\nelected worshipful master; Hon. Robert Lettis Hooper, vice\\npresident of New Jersey, deputy grand master; William Leddle,\\nEsq., late high sheriff of Morris county, senior grand warden\\nDaniel Marsh, Esq., representative in the assembly of New Jer-\\nsey, junior grand warden; John Noble Gumming, Esq., late\\ncolonel in the army of the United States, grand secretary\\nMaskell Ewing, Jr., Esq., clerk of the general assembly of New\\nJersey, deputy grand secretary; Joshua Corshon, Esq., high sheriff\\nof Hunterdon county, grand treasurer. The present officers\\nare, William E. Pine, M. W. grand master, Cresskill, Bergen\\ncounty; William W. Goodwin, R. W. D. grand master, Cam-\\nden Nathan Haines, R. W. senior grand warden, Burlington\\nJames V. Bently, R. W. junior grand warden, Morristown\\nWilliam R, Clapp, R. W. grand treasurer, Trenton Joseph\\nH. Hough, R. W. grand secretary, Trenton William D. Ru-\\ntan, R. W. D. grand secretary, Newark William Mead, W.\\ngrand lecturer, Newark Leopold Kiesling, W. grand visitor\\nto German lodges.\\nTrenton Lodge, No* 5, of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons,\\nWIS chartered in 1787, and incorporated by an act of the legis-\\nlature in 1826. The persons to whom the act of incorporation\\nwas granted were, Thomas L. Woodruff master Charles Bur-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0308.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 283\\nroughs, senior warden Zachariah Rossell, junior warden\\nJohn Mershon, secretar)^ and William Kerwood, treasurer,\\nunder the name, style, and title of The Trustees of Trenton\\nLodge, No. 5.\\nA dispensation was granted by the Most Worthy Grand Mas-\\nter, David Brearly, dated July 4th, 5787, to Aaron Dickinson\\nWoodruff, worthy master Robert Lettis Hooper, senior war-\\nden, and Thomas Bullman, junior warden; upon which the\\nwork was commenced, and progressed until the meeting of the\\nGrand Lodge at New Brunswick, on the 20th of December, in\\nthe year of masonry, 5787, when a warrant was duly granted\\nunto Aaron Dickinson Woodruff, W. M.; Thomas Bullman, S.\\nW., and Anthony Reckless, J. W. The present ofiicers are,\\nHenry C. Case, W. M.; John Hunt, S. W.; John G. Box, J.\\nW.; William D. Sinclair, treasurer, and George M. Mitchell,\\nsecretar}\\nISIercer Lodge, No. 50, was chartered January 13th, 1858.\\nThe present officers are, Isaac N. Hutchinson, W. M.; Henry\\nJ. Nicklin, S. W.; Augustus K. Forman, J. W.; N. D. William-\\nson, treasurer, and H. E. Finch, secretary.\\nAshlar Lodge, No. 76, was chartered January 17th, 1866.\\nThe present officers are, Thomas S. Stevens, W. M.; Alexander\\nC. Yard, S. W.j Wesley Creveling, J. W.: William R. Clapp,\\ntreasurer, and Isaac N. Sn}der, secretary.\\nColumn Lodge was instituted April 3d, 187 1. The present\\noi^cers are, James Nicklin, W. M.; Levi J. Bibbins, S. W.;\\nLewis C. Wooley, J. W.; Samuel Stringer, secretary, and\\nJoseph Stokes, treasurer.\\nThree-Times-Three Chapter, No. 5, Royal Arch Masons, Avas\\nchartered June i-5th, 1858. The present officers are, Samuel\\nBrackett, M. E. H. P.; Edward L. Campbell, E. K.; James T.\\nGinnelly, E. S.; John P. Nelson, treasurer, and George M.\\nMitchell, secretary.\\nGebal Council, No. 3, Royal and Select Masters, was char-\\ntered May 29th, 1S60. The present officers are, Charles Swera,\\nT. 111. M.; William Hewitt, D. 111. M.; Thomas J. Corson, I.\\nC. of W.; John P. Nelson, treasurer, and Joseph H. Hough,\\nrecorder.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0309.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "284 HISTORY OF TRENxON.\\nPalestine Commandery, No. 4, Knights Templar, was char-\\ntered September nth, 1862. The present officers are, J. W.\\nPressy, E, C; George M. Mitchell, Gen.; George N. Packer,\\nC. G.j Rev. Albert U. Stanley, prelate; John P. Nelson, treas-\\nurer, and Samuel Brackett, recorder.\\nMercer Grand Lodge of Perfection, A. S. R., was instituted\\nApril 23d, 1863. The present officers are, Thomas J. Corson,\\nT. P. G. M.; John O. Raum, D. P. G. M.; John Woolverton,\\nS. G. W.; Samuel M. Youmans, J. G. W.; William D. Sinclair,\\nG. O.; William R. Clapp, G. treasurer, and Joseph H. Hough,\\nG. S. and K. S. and A.\\nMercer Council, Princes of Jerusalem, was instituted May\\n19th, 1864. The officers are, William R. Clapp, M. E. S. P.\\nG. M.; David Naar, G. H. P. S. D.; W. T. Nicholson, M. E.\\nS. G. W.; John F. Houdayer, M. E. J. G. W.; Joseph H.\\nHough, V. G. S., K. of S. and A.; John O. Raum, V. G. T.;\\nCharles Bechtel, V. G. M. of C; Thomas Booth, V. G. M. of\\nE.; Amos Howell, G, tyler.\\nTrenton Chapter, Rose Croix, was instituted April 17th, 1868.\\nThe present officers are, Charles Bechtel M. W. and P. M.;\\nWilliam T. Nicholson, M. E. and P. K. S. W.; William R.\\nClapp, M. E. and P. K. J. W.; Thomas J. Corson, M. E. and\\nP. K. G. O.; John O. Raum, R. and P. K. G. T.; Joseph H.\\nHough, R. and P. K. G. S.; Amos Howell, R. and P. K. H.;\\nJohn. P. Nelson, R. and P. K. M. of C; William Hewitt, R.\\nand P. K. C. of G.\\nThe Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons, of the state of\\nNew Jersey, was organized December 30th, 1856.\\nThe Grand Commandery of Knights Templar was organized\\nin 1859.\\nThe Grand Council of Royal and Select Masters was organ-\\nized November 26th, i860, and the Grand Council of the Order\\nof High Priesthood was organized September nth, 1861.\\nThese are the grand bodies of the state, and meet here annually.\\nThe Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows\\nwas instituted in the old Masonic Hall, in Front street, on the\\n3d of August, 1833, by Thomas Wildey, the founder of the\\norder in this country, and at that time the grand sire of the\\nGrand Lodge of the United States, having held the position", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0310.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 285\\nthirteen years, assisted by Rev. John Pearce, of Pennsylvania,\\nafterwards deputy grand sire, and Howell Hopkins, of Penn-\\nsylvania, afterwards grand sire. The present officers are,\\nGeorge W. Hubbard, grand master Benjamin T. Bright, D.\\nG. M.; Charles Ellis, G. W.; John O. Raum, G. S.; Joseph L.\\nLamb, G. T.; Dickinson Moore, G. Chap.; John Dunham, G.\\nmarshal; E. E. Protzman, G. C; Aaron W. Cattell, G. G.,\\nand Amos Howell, G. H.\\nTrenton Lodge, No 3, was instituted August 3d, 1833. The\\npresent officers are, Charles W. Street, N. G.; Charles Y. Bam-\\nford, V. G.; George E. Wallington, secretary, and Joshua Jef-\\nferies, treasurer.\\nConcordia Lodge, No. 4, was instituted December 17th, 1833.\\nThe present officers are, Samuel T. Bellerjeau, .N. G.; Robert\\nLeaver, V. G.; John O. Raum, recording secretary; William\\nN. Nutt, permanent secretary, and John H. Choyce, treasurer.\\nMercer Lodge, No. 34, was instituted February 5th, 1S46, but\\nis now defunct.\\nSouth Trenton Lodge, No. 36, was instituted February 5th,\\n1846. The present officers are, Jacob Kugler, N. G.; Joseph\\nR. Sweeney, V. G.; Robert W. Mull, i-ecording secretary;\\nJames H. Hammond, permanent secretary, and John Crawford,\\ntreasurer.\\nSchiller Lodge, No. 80, was instituted August 3d, 1848. The\\npresent officers are, Charles W. Kruger, N. G. George F.\\nGlauner, V. G. Bernhard Schnell, recording secretary Chris-\\ntian Janter, permanent secretary; Martin Spiegel, treasurer.\\nCherusker Lodge, No. 151, was instituted in 1870. Its present\\nofficers are, Fred. Landoldt, N. G. Michael Gaiser, V. G.\\nChristian Smith, secretary F. H. Enderbrok, treasurer.\\nFred. D. Stuart Lodge, No. 154, was instituted- December\\ni-gth, 1870. The present officers are, Alexander C. Yard, N. G.\\nJohn W. Barber, V. G. James S. Kiger, secretary Richard R.\\nRogers, treasurer.\\nThe Grand Encampment, I. O. O. F., of New Jersey, was\\ninstituted by John H. Kennedy, grand sire, September 19th, 1843.\\nThe present officers are, John W. Matlack, G. P. Augustus S.\\nClark, G. H. P. John H. Vinson, G. S. W. John O. Raum,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0311.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "286 HJSTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ngrand scribe; David Campbell, grand treasurer; H. H. De\\nGrofft, G. J. W. William Heisler, G. S. Amos Howell, D. G. S.\\nTrenton Encampment, No. 2, was instituted October 2d, 1837,\\nThe present officers are, William E. Branin, G, P.; William\\nRoberts, H. P.; Robert Leaver, S. W.; Walter P. Wells, scribe;\\nLewis H. Brown, treasurer; Henry McCulla, J. W., and Amos\\nHowell, sentinel.\\nOlive Branch Encampment, No. 4, was instituted September\\n15th, 1841, but is now defunct.\\nSouth Trenton Encampment, No. 40, was instituted April 6th,\\n1869. The present officers are, Frank P. Ferry, C. P.; Joseph\\nR. Sweeney, H. P.; Enoch W. Case, scribe, and John Craw-\\nford, treasurer.\\nSchiller Encampment, No. 44, was instituted, January 14th,\\n1870. The present officers are, Martin Miller, C. P. John\\nMelcher, H. P. Richard Miller, scribe John Rochel, treasu-\\nrer. Besides these connected with the Odd Fellows, are Mercer\\nDegree Lodge, No. 3, and Concordia Rebekah Degree Lodge,\\nNo. 4.\\nTrenton is well supplied with secret benevolent societies of\\nalmost every description.\\nIn addition to those above enumerated, we have two lodges of\\nKnights of Pythias Spartacus, No. 10, and Trenton, not yet\\nnumbered.\\nImproved Order of Red Men Moax Tribe, No. 5 Red\\nCloud Tribe, No. 19, and Assanpink Degree Council, No. i.\\nIndependent Order of Red Men Delaware Tribe, No. 84,\\nand Assanpink Encampment, No. 16.\\nOrder of United American Mechanics Trenton Council, No.\\n18, and Union Council, No. 22.\\nTemperance Excelsior Division, No. 4 Mercer, No. 10\\nChambersburg, No. 40; Trenton, No. 44; Emancipator, No.\\n104; Seventh Ward, No. 146. Good Templars Banner Lodge,\\nNo. 37; Napoleon, No. 106; Crystal Fount, Temple of Honor,\\nNo. 3 Crystal Fount, Social Temple, No. 2.\\nIn funeral societies there are the Odd Fellows Funeral Aid As-\\nsociation, Temperance Funeral Aid Association, and Mercer\\nMutual Burial Society.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0312.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTOA 287\\nThere are also, among the ladies, Daughters of the Forest,\\nSons and Daughters of Liberty, and Lady Masons.\\nAmong the Germans they have a society called the Seven Wise\\nMen, and another called Harrigarri.\\nA few years ago a society was started here called Sons of\\nMalta. This society was a secret one, and started with two\\nobjects in view fun and charity. It was, however, but short-\\nlived, as the ridiculous part of their ceremony was carried to\\nsuch extremes, that the respectable portion of the community\\nwho were inveigled into it soon became disgusted with it, and\\nin a short time the society ceased to exist.\\nIn 1840, during the Harrison campaign, the whole country\\nbecame drunk on hard cider, and in 1841, a temperance society\\nwas started, called the Washingtonians.\\nTheir mode of operation was to seek out the drunkard and\\nreform him, and make a missionary of him for the reformation\\nof other drunkards, and great good was accomplished among\\nthis class.\\nDuring the summer months they held out-door meetings\\nsometimes in front of hotels and by this means they could reach\\nthe very class they were laboring to reform.\\nIt was from this society that the different secret temperance\\nassociations were formed.\\nThey started to accomplish their work by moral suasion, and\\nas long as they stuck to that principle, much good was accom-\\nplished. But after a time an effort was made to bring it into\\nthe political arena, and to invoke the laws to put down the\\nliquor traffic, since which time they have accomplished but little\\ngood.\\nBayard Post, No. 8, G. A. R., an association composed of\\nhonorably discharged soldiers and sailors of the late war, was\\nduly instituted October 31st, 1867, by General Edward Jardine,\\nthen provisional commander of the department of New Jersey,\\nby virtue of authority invested in him by said department. The\\nobjects of said association are charity, and mutual relief\\ntoward each other in sickness and affliction, as well as continuing\\nthose kind and fraternal feelings characteristic of the association\\nwhile together as soldiers and sailors during the late rebellion.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0313.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "288 HIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\nThe petitioners for the post were, James S. Kiger, Francis C.\\nRoberson, William W. L. Phillips, John W. Brown, James H,\\nComings, Gabriel Ten Brock, Abram G. Staats, Edward M. An-\\nderson, John H. Allen, Edgar Whitaker.\\nNo organization has higher or more praiseworthy objects than\\nthe G. A. R. What stronger friendship than that of the march,\\nthe battle-field, and camp fire; what more charitable object than\\nsuffering brother soldiers, or the soldiers widows and orphans in\\ndistress, and what more patriotic purpose than to perpetuate the\\nmemory of the heroic dead who fell in a spirit of devotion for\\ntheir country, and what is better calculated to preserve a spirit\\nof loyalty and patriotic devotion in the present than to remem-\\nber the sacrifices of the past\\nIn 1856, a loan association was started for the purpose of\\nencouraging mechanics, laboring men, and others to save their\\nmoney, and eventually secure themselves a home.\\nThis association expired in due time, and those who had bor-\\nrowed money, and given mortgages to secure the same, found\\nthemselves not only in possession of a home, but the mortgage\\nheld by the association was canceled, and by small savings and\\nthrough investing the same in this way, they were materially\\naided by the association in paying for their homes.\\nOn the loth of January, 1854, the Mechanics Mutual Loan\\nAssociation was started, under the general laws of the state.\\nThis association is divided into four classes. The officers are,\\nCharles B. Vansyckel, president Peter W. Crozer, secretary\\nUrial T. Scudder, treasurer; E. Mercer Shreve, solicitor.\\nThe Mercer Mutual Loan Association, was started February\\nloth, 1854. This association is divided into five classes. The\\nofficers are, William S. Hutchinson, president Peter W. Crozer,\\nsecretary; Joseph T. Welling, treasurer; Wesley Creveling,\\nsolicitor.\\nEast Trenton Loan and Building Association Joseph C. Mayer,\\npresident John Cahill, vice president Woodbury D. Holt, sec-\\nretary Joshua Jones, treasurer.\\nEast Trenton Land Asssociation Joshua Jones, president\\nJohn Cahill, vice president; William S. Middleton, secretary", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0314.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 289\\nand treasurer; Joseph C. Mayer, superintendent; Edward T.\\nGreen, solicitor.\\nMorrisville Grove and Land Improvement Association Joseph\\nStokes, president Robert Bassett, vice president Peter Dehee,\\ntreasurer; Woodbury D. Holt, solicitor.\\nThe Trenton Typographical Union, No. 71, was organized\\nMarch 4th, 1864. The charter members were, Chas. W. Alcott,\\nThomas Ustick Baker, John Briest, John M. Hough, William P.\\nLeigh, John D. McCormick, A. McGalliard. P. Preston Packer,\\nand Charles B. Yard, who received a charter from the Interna-\\ntional Typographical Union of North America, under whose\\njurisdiction the Trenton Union still works. The society is com-\\nposed of journeymen printers of the city, and is devoted to the\\nmaintenance of a fair rate of wages, the encouragement of good\\nworkmen, and to the promotion of the interests of the craft in\\ngeneral. The meetings are held on the iirst Saturday evening of\\neach month, and the annual election of officers takes place in\\nMarch. The present officers are, Manuel Kline, president;\\nMatthew S. Austin, vice president Bishop W. Mains, financial\\nsecretary and treasurer; David Seary, corresponding and record-\\ning secretary; Charles Briest, sergeant-at-arms Benjamin C.\\nLaning, Henry C. Buchanan, Peter Howell, P. Preston Packer,\\nB. Franklin Krier, and R, Fenton Ward, business committee\\nHenry Houghtaling, delegate to International Typographical\\nUnion.\\n2b", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0315.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XVII.\\nMeeting of Congress at Trenton Visit of Lafayette Congres-\\nsional Buildings on the Delaware Robbery of the State Trea-\\nsury Professor Z Ossiere Co7itrahand Goods Seized First\\nAlmanac Court of Admiralty Judge Trent s PlantatioJi\\nStage Boats Dialogue Between Satan and Arnold United\\nStates National Bank Terries Isaac Collins Quarto Bible\\nChurch Lottery\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sand- Bar.\\nON the ist of November, 1784, the congress of the United\\nStates met at Trenton. All the states were represented\\nexcept Maryland. New Jersey was represented by Hon. Wil-\\nliam Churchill Houston and John Beatty. Richard Henry Lee,\\nwho was said to be the gentleman who originally made the mo-\\ntion in congress for declaring the states of America independent,\\nin the year 1776, was chosen president. The Hon. Samuel\\nDick and Charles Stewart, members of this state, arrived the\\nnext day after the assembling.\\nThe Marquis de Lafayette arrived here from the south on\\nThursday, the loth of December, 1784, and visited the congress\\nof the United States, then in session, on the nth.\\nThe following proceedings were had in that body\\nThe committee to whom was referred a letter of the 6th from\\nthe Marquis de Lafayette report, that in the opinion of the\\ncommittee, the merit and services of the marquis render it\\nproper that such an opportunity of taking leave of congress be\\nafforded him, as may strongly manifest their esteem and regard\\nfor him whereupon,\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^Resolved, That a committee, to consist of one member from", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0316.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n291\\neach state, be appointed to receive the marquis, and, in the\\nname of congress, to take leave of him; that they be instructed\\nto assure him that congress continue to entertain the same high\\nsense of his abilities and zeal to promote the welfare of America,\\nboth here and in Europe, which they have frequently expressed\\nand manifested on former occasions, and which the recent marks\\nof his attention to their commercial and other interests have\\nperfectly confirmed that as his uniform and unceasing attach-\\nment to this country has resembled that of a patriotic citizen,\\nthe United States regard him with particular affection, and will\\nnot cease to feel an interest in whatever may concern his honor\\nand prosperity, and that their best and kindest wishes will\\nalways attend him.\\nResolved, That a letter be written to his most Christian ma-\\njesty, to be signed by his excellency the president, expressive\\nof the high sense which the United States, in congress assembled,\\nentertain of the zeal, talents, and meritorious services of the\\nMarquis de Lafayette, and recommending him to the favor and\\npatronage of his majesty.\\nDecember 13th, 1784.\\nMr. Jay, chairman of the committee consisting, of a member\\nfrom each state, appointed to receive and take leave of the Mar-\\nquis de Lafayette, reported, that on the nth instant they re-\\nceived the marquis in the congress chamber and took leave of\\nhim, agreeably to the instructions given them on that subject\\nthat they communicated to him the purport of the resolutions of\\nthe 9th, and that he thereupon made the following answer\\nSir: While it pleases the United States in congress, so kindly\\nto receive me, I want words to express the feelings of a heart\\nwhich delights in their present situation, and the bestowed marks\\nof their esteem.\\nSince I joined the standard of liberty to this wished-for hour\\nof my personal congratulations, I have seen such glorious deeds\\nperformed and virtues displayed by the sons of America, that\\nin the instant of my first concern for them, I had anticipated\\nbut a part of the love and regard which devote me to this rising\\nempire.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0317.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "292\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nDuring our revolution, sir, I obtained an unlimited, indulgent\\nconfidence, which I am equally proud and happy to acknowl-\\nedge. It dates with the time when, an inexperienced youth, I\\ncould only claim my respected friends paternal adoption. It\\nhas been most benevolently continued throughout every circum-\\nstance of the cabinet and the field and in personal friendships\\nI have often found a support against public difficulties. While\\non this solemn occasion I mention my obligations to congress,\\nthe states, the people at large, permit me also to remember the\\ndear military companions, to whose services their country is so\\nmuch indebted.\\nHaving felt both for the timely aid of my country and for the\\npart she, with a beloved king, acted in the cause of mankind, I\\nenjoy an alliance so well riveted by mutual affection, by interest,\\nand even local situation recollection insures it futurity does\\nbut enlarge the prospect, and the private intercourse will every\\nday increase, which independent and advantageous trade cher-\\nishes in proportion as it is well understood.\\nIn unbounded wishes to America, sir, I am happy to observe\\nthe prevailing disposition of the people to strengthen the con-\\nfederation, preserve public faith, regulate trade, and in a proper\\nguard over continental magazines and frontier posts in a gen-\\neral system of militia, in foreseeing attention to the navy to\\ninsure every kind of safety. May this immense temple of free-\\ndom ever stand a lesson to oppression, an example to the op-\\npressed, a sanctuary for the rights of mankind, and may these\\nhappy United States attain that complete splendor and pros-\\nperity which will illustrate the blessings of their general gov-\\nernment, and, for ages to come, rejoice the departed souls of its\\nfounders.\\nHowever unwilling to trespass on your time, I must yet pre-\\nsent you with the grateful thanks for the late favors of congress;\\nand never can they oblige me so much as when they put it in my\\npower, in every part of the world, to the latest day of my life,\\nto gratify the attachment which will ever rank me among the\\nmost zealous and respected servants of the United States.\\nOn the same day that he was received by the congress of the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0318.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "HI ST OR V OF TRENTON.\\n293\\nUnited States, he was also received by the legislature of the\\nstate, then in session in this city, and presented with the follow-\\ning address\\nTo the Honorable the Marquis Lafayette,\\nSir: We, the representatives of the citizens of New Jersey,\\nconvened in council and assembly, cheerfully embrace the op-\\npor unity which your present visit to this state affords, of paying\\nyou that public mark of respect which is justly due to your dis-\\ntinguished merit.\\nWith pleasure we recollect that, actuated by a love of liberty\\nand a sacred regard for the rights of mankind, you left your na-\\ntive country, and all the endearments of domestic life, and vol-\\nuntarily engaged in the hazardous cause of America, in her late\\ncontest with Great Britain and we acknowledge, with grati-\\ntude, that the signal services which you have rendered this\\nstate, and the other states in union, have greatly contributed to\\nthe complete establishment of that freedom and independence\\nwhich they now enjoy.\\nYour unremitted endeavors to support our national credit and\\ncharacter, and your generous efforts to promote our trade and\\ncommerce, afford us the strongest evidences of your attachment\\nto this country, and for the interests of our federal republic.\\nPermit us, sir, to conclude with expressing our fervent wishes for\\nyour welfare and prosperity, and with answering you that the\\ncitizens of New Jersey will ever retain an exalted sense of your\\ndisinterested friendship and important services.\\nCouncil Chamber, December nth, 1784, by order of the\\ncouncil.\\n*WiL. Livm Gsr oiJ, jPresident.\\nHouse of assembly, December nth, 1784, by order of the\\nhouse.\\nBenjamin Van Cleve, Speaker.\\nTo which the Marquis made the following answer\\nSir In the friendship and esteem of the state of New Jersey,\\nso kindly expressed by your excellency, the council and assem-\\nbly, I feel myself the more flattered, as I have had numerous\\n2b*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0319.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "294\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\noccasions to admire the spirit and patriotism of her citizens, to\\nwhich, in trying emergencies, our cause has been so signally\\nindebted.\\nIt was my fortunate lot, sir, to have been admitted among you\\nin support of the great contest it shall ever be my happiness,\\nin zealous endeavors for the good of these states, to indulge the\\nsentiments of my love and gratitude and while the blessings of\\nthis revolution, so nobly purchased, will be eternally secured in\\nthe united strength and wisdom of this federal republic, my\\nheart feels deeply interested in the warmest wishes for the par-\\nticular welfare of the state of New Jersey.\\nHighly sensible of my obligations to your excellency, the\\nhonorable council and assembly of New Jersey, I beg leave to\\npresent you and them with most grateful acknowledgements, and\\nthe affectionate assurances of my respect.\\nLafayette.\\nHis Excellency the Governor, the Honorable the Council and\\nAssembly of the State of New Jersey.\\nThe New Jersey Gazette, under date of January 3d, 1785,\\ncontains, under its items from New York, the following\\nLast Tuesday evening arrived in this city, from Trenton, on\\ntheir way to France, the Marquis de Lafayette, with his young,\\nbut very interesting companion and fellow-traveler. Monsieur de\\nCaraman, a knight of Malta, and captain of dragoons, and\\nMonsier de Grandchain, of the beautiful frigate La Nymphe,\\nnow in our harbor. Since the 4th of last August, the two former\\ngentlemen have traveled upwards of eighteen hundred miles j\\nviewed almost every remarkable military spot twice visited our\\ngreat Cincinnatus, the matchless Washington, and assisted at the\\nIndian treaty held at Fort Schuyler. Wherever they have passed\\nthey have been received with that warmth of friendship, that\\nenergy and gratitude and affection, which ever will be due by\\nthe true citizens of these states to that excellent young noble-\\nman, whose military services in our cause, whose great exertions,\\nweight, and influence, has been so sensibly felt during the most\\ncritical period of our late arduous conflict. May the winds safely\\nwaft over to his native country this new citizen of ours may", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0320.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n295\\nHeaven long preserve a life which promises to be so eminently\\nuseful to both countries, are the earnest wishes and prayers of\\nthe\\nCitizens of New York.\\nBy the above notice it appears that General Lafayette remained\\nthree weeks in this city,\\nDecember 20th, 1784, at the session held in Trenton, con-\\ngress passed the following\\nResolved, That it is expedient that congress proceed to take\\nmeasures for procuring suitable buildings to be erected for their\\naccommodation.\\nResolved, (by nine states), That a sum not exceeding one\\nhundred thousand dollars be appropriated for the payment of\\nthe expense of erecting such buildings provided always, that\\nhotels or dwelling-houses, for the members of congress repre-\\nsenting the different states, shall not be understood as included\\nin the above appropriation.\\nResolved, That it is inexpedient for congress, at this time, to\\nerect public buildings for their accommodation at more than one\\nplace.\\nOn motion,\\nResolved, That if it is expedient, congress should determine on\\na place at which they will continue to sit until public buildings\\nfor their proper accommodation shall be erected.\\nOn the 23d of December, 17S4, the following was enacted:\\nBe it ordained by the United States, in Congress assembled. That\\nthe resolutions of the 20th instant, respecting the erecting of build-\\nings for the use of congress, be carried into effect without delay\\nthat for this purpose three commissioners be appointed, with full\\npowers to lay out a district not less than two, nor exceeding\\nthree miles square on the banks of either side of the Delaware,,\\nnot more than eight miles above or below the lower falls thereof,\\nfor a federal town that they be authorized to purchase the soil,\\nor such part of it as they may judge necessary, to be paid at\\nproper installments to enter into contracts for erecting and\\ncompleting, in an elegant manner, a federal house for the accom-\\nmodation of congress, and for the executive officers thereof; a", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0321.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "2^6 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nhouse for the use of the president of congress, and suitable\\nbuildings for the residence of the secretary of foreign affairs,\\nsecreiary at war, secretary of congress, secretary of the marine,\\nand officers of the treasury that the said commissioners be em-\\npowered to draw on the treasury of the United States for a sum\\nnot exceeding one hundred thousand dollars for the purpose\\naforesaid that in choosing a situation for the buildings, due\\nregard be had to the accommodation of the states with lots for\\nhouses for the use of their delegates respectively that on the\\n24th day of December instant, congress stand adjourned to\\nmeet at the city of New York, on the nth day of January fol-\\nlowing.\\nSamuel Tucker, Esq., was treasurer of the provincial con-\\ngress of the colony of New Jersey.\\nOn being informed that the British army under General Howe\\nwas on their march through this province, and that their design\\nwas to be at Trenton, he thought it most prudent to remove all\\nhis papers with his most valuable effects, out of Trenton, to-\\ngether with the unsigned public money, which he accordingly did\\non^the 30th day of November, 1776, and removed all his bonds,\\ndeeds, books of accounts, together with those belonging to sev-\\neral estates in his hands as executor, with all his plate, his and\\nhis wife s clothes, with other valuable effects, one horse and\\nphaeton, some Maryland and New Jersey loan-office money,\\nwhich he took to the house of Mr. John Abbott, about five\\nmiles from Trenton, in the county of Burlington, with about\\nfive thousand eight hundred and eighteen pounds sixteen shil-\\nlings and three-pence of unsigned congress money, which he\\nleft under the care of John and Samuel Abbott. General Howe\\nand his army arrived at Trenton on Sunday, the 8th of Decem-\\nber, and on Monday one Lieutenant Hackshaw, with a detach-\\nment of British troops, by order of Lieutenant Colonel Aber-\\ncromby, went to the house of Mr. John Abbott, in company\\nwith Mrs. Mary Pointing, an inhabitant of Trenton, and seized\\nall the effects at Mr. Abbott s, the property of said Tucker,\\nwith those in trust in his hands, together with the unsigned pub-\\nlic money, and carried the same to the house of Mr. Randle\\nMitchell, showed the money to Mr. Mitchell, and afterwards", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0322.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n297\\ncarried the same, or part thereof, to Princeton, and from thence\\nto New Brunswick. Part of the clothes and linen were sent\\nhome, and his wife s watch was delivered to her by Lieutenant\\nColonel Abercromby. On the 8th of December he left Tren-\\nton, and took with him the signed public money, amounting to\\none thousand five hundred and four pounds and four shillings,\\nwith about one thousand pounds more in trust in his hands as an\\nexecutor. The public money he paid to the treasurer, Mr,\\nSmith, and placed the other money in such secure places as were\\nin his power, none of which was lost. On Saturday, the 14th\\nof December, he learned that his wife and family were in the\\nmost distressed condition with sickness; his wife sent him word\\nbegging he would return home. He set out for home, and when\\nabout one mile from Crosswicks bridge he was met by John\\nLeonard, Anthony Woodward, and about twenty others on horse-\\nback. Leonard presented a pistol at his breast, and said he had\\nGeneral Howe s order to take him prisoner, and used very vio-\\nlent language toward him, and detained him until Mr. Robert\\nPearson gave his parole that he should remain on his farm until\\nthey gave further orders. He remained at Mr. Pearson s until\\nordered home by one Mr. Brown, a Hessian lieutenant. He ap-\\nplied for a protection, which was granted by Colonel Rahl, on\\nthe 17th of December. He then inquired after his papers, and\\nfound part of them in Colonel Abercromby s lodgings in Prince-\\nton, and afterwards received a part of them found by one Mr.\\nLester, and carried to Philadelphia. He sent a letter to Colonel\\nAbercromby, which was delivered by his niece, Elizabeth G.\\nWhite, requesting he would return his property and papers, par-\\nticularly those belonging to Anderson s and other estates in\\ntrust in his hands, and received an answer that they could not\\nbe delivered with propriety until they knew the part he would\\ntake or act.\\nThe above facts were affirmed to by Samuel Abbott, before\\nEphraim Harris, on the 17th day of January, 1777.\\nRandle Mitchell was also sworn, and upon his examination\\ntestified that Colonel Abercromby, with five hundred men, came\\nto his house on Sunday, the 8th of December, and stayed there\\nuntil the Saturday following on Tuesday or Wednesday after", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0323.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "298 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nthey first came, some officers in the room where he was showed\\nhim some letters directed to Mr. Tucker he asked them where\\nthey got the letters, and they told him they had information of\\nMr. Tucker s goods, and that they were concealed in Trenton\\nthe same evening he was called into Colonel Abercromby s\\nroom, who asked him if he knew one Samuel Tucker he an-\\nswered he did the colonel then asked him about the character\\nand situation of Mr. Tucker, and whether he was not a violent\\nrebel he answered that Mr. Tucker was a man of character and\\nconsiderable fortune as he understood that he was a member of\\nthe provincial congress, and had been president thereof; that\\nhe had formerly been sheriff of Hunterdon county and a mem-\\nber of assembly, but believed he had never been a violent rebel,\\nfor he understood he (Mr. Tucker) had been the chief cause of\\nthe last clause being inserted in the constitution of New Jersey.\\nThe colonel then showed him a square black trunk, with a great\\nnumber of papers and parchment deeds, and said he must have\\nbeen a man of considerable consequence. They asked him to\\nlook at some of the deeds, c.; he told them there was no use\\nin his looking at them they then pointed to a large parcel of\\nprinted paper on the floor, and told him to look what a fine par-\\ncel of money they had got. It appeared to be about a ream of\\npaper. They then took up some half sheets and counted how\\nmuch a sheet amounted to. They contained twenty pounds. and\\ntwo shillings each. They then gave him some of the money\\nand desired him to look at it, which he did, and found it signed\\nby only two signers, and did not know it ought to be signed by\\nmore they asked him what he would give for it, and he said\\nhe would not give anything for it, and looked on it as not worth\\nanything. He asked what they intended to do with Mr. Tuck-\\ner s papers and money the colonel answered he would pack\\nthem in the trunk again and send them to General Howe.\\nThe state treasury, in 1803, was kept in the cellar of a build-\\ning where the store of Messrs. Dunn Ashton now stands. No.\\n74 Warren street.\\nThe first robbery of the state treasury occurred on the 21st of\\nJuly, 1768. It was then kept by Stephen Skinner, at the city of\\nPerth Amboy. The amount stolen at that time was six thousand", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0324.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n299\\nfive hundred and seventy pounds nine shillings and four-pence.\\nThe second robbery occurred on the 9th of December, 1776.\\nThe treasury was kept by Samuel Tucker, at Trenton. It was\\ndone by order of Colonel Abercromby.\\nOn Friday, the 21st of October, 1803, at two o clock in the\\nmorning, occurred the great robbery of the state treasury, the\\nparticulars of which are hereby given.\\nThis was the third time it had been robbed within the pre-\\nceding twenty-five years the time before this being by the\\nBritish army, by order of General Abercromby. The house of\\nassembly appointed Messrs. Joseph Cooper, William Coxe, and\\nEzra Darbly a committee to examine into the robbery committed\\non the treasury of this state the council appointed Messrs.\\nWilliam Parret and Peter D. Vroom for the same purpose, on\\nOctober 25th, 1803, and on the 9th of November they submitted\\na lengthy report, which was read and laid over, and on Friday^\\nthe nth of November, the report of the joint committee ap-\\npointed to examine into the robbery, together with several depo-\\nsitions and statements thereunto annexed, was presented.\\nThe following was the affidavit of Mr. Salter, made before the\\ncommittees of the two houses\\nJames Salter, Esquire, treasurer of the state, maketh oath,\\nthat on the morning of Friday, the 21st of October, 1803,\\nabout two o clock, he heard a noise in the yard at the back part\\nof the house when he first heard it he was doubtful whether it\\nproceeded from rats, with which the house is much infested, or\\nfrom his mare in the stable. After a few minutes he got up and\\ndressed himself; he lighted the candle by a lamp which was\\nusually kept burning in his chamber, and went down stairs with\\nan intention of discovering the cause of the noise. He was pre-\\nvented from awakening Mrs. Salter, from an apprehension of\\nalarming her, as she had been frightened the night before on\\ndescending the stairs, and proceeding to the back door, he ob-\\nserved the door of the southwest back room (which was usually\\nkept shut), to be open on entering this room he perceived a\\nsmall window on the south side to be up, and the shutter open.\\nHe was then alarmed by an apprehension of thieves having en-\\ntered the house, and at the same moment hearing a rustling noise", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0325.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "^oo HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nbehind him, he turned around and discovered four men, who\\nwere within three feet of him. After a momentary pause one\\nof them addressed him in a low tone of voice, cautioned him\\nagainst making a noise, said the money was their object, and\\nthat unless he opened the iron chest, they would immediately\\nput him to death, or words to that effect. Seeing no means of\\nresistance or escape, he opened the office door and the iron\\nchest, the keys of both being in his pocket, except one of the\\npadlock keys of the chest, which was in a case in the office. At\\nthis time, the man who appeared to be the leader of the gang\\ncautioned him against making a noise in opening the chest\\nwhich might awaken any of the family, under pain of immediate\\ndeath. The same man then waved his hand for him to retire\\nfrom the chest he moved back and sat down one of the men\\nstood near him with a drawn weapon, and three others were em-\\nployed, with their backs towards him, in examining the contents\\nof the chest. In a short time the leader came to him, and asked\\nhim if a bag which he held in his hand, together with a number\\nof bundles of bank notes, contained all that description of\\nmoney that was in the treasury. He told him it did, and by\\nway of accounting for there being no more notes in the chest,\\ntold him that most persons preferred receiving payment in notes,\\nfrom their being of more convenient carriage. The man then\\nreturned to the chest, and took out several bags, apparently five\\nor six, containing from four to seven hundred dollars each, and\\nplaced them on the floor near the chest. After this, the same\\nleader, turning to his comrades, demanded of them what ought\\nto be done with him, (the deponent), to prevent him from tell-\\ning tales, as he expressed himself; the man who stood as a guard\\nover the deponent, turned towards a trunk cord which hung on\\na nail over the chimney, and took it down and handed it to the\\nleader, who cut it in several pieces he then tied the deponent\\naround the ankles, knees, and hands, with his arms behind him,\\nand gagged him by putting the key stick used in opening the\\nchest, through his mouth, with the ends tied by strings, which\\nwere fastened around his neck. They then laid the deponent\\non the floor on his side, with his face towards the back part of\\nthe room. The deponent then heard them take up several of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0326.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 30 1\\nthe bags of silver, with which they left the room, locking the\\ndoor which communicated with the entry, and went out through\\nthe back door, which the deponent thought he heard close after\\nthem. From the time the thieves first entered the house until\\nthey left it, the deponent thinks was about a quarter of an hour.\\nThey left the candle near the door, on a chest. After struggling\\nnearly an hour, the deponent managed to change his position,\\nand with difficulty got to the door, which he kicked some time\\nwith his stocking feet, until the noise awakened the family.\\nWhen Mrs. Salter came to the door, he was very much exhausted,\\nand found great difficulty in conveying to her a knowledge of\\nhis situation, from the impossibility of articulating with the gag\\nin his mouth. Mrs. Salter not finding the key in the door, went\\nback to her chamber, the window of which she opened, and by\\nloud and repeated screams, alarmed Mr. Hunt, the next neigh-\\nbor, who came to his assistance, and broke open the door by\\nknocking the lower panel out. Mr. Hunt and a negro woman\\n(a servant in the house of the deponent), then untied and cut\\nthe ropes and strings which had been used to bind and gag him.\\nHis great weakness from the violence of his treatment, added to\\nthe impaired state of his health, obliged him to go to bed im-\\nmediately after. Mr. Hunt, at his request, put a bag of silver,\\nwhich the thieves had left on the floor, into the chest, which he\\nlocked, and the keys of which he took with him.\\nThe deponent has no knowledge of any one of the thieves,\\nthey having kept their faces hid by their round black hats\\nand by their great coats; they uniformly spoke in a low,\\nwhispering tone of voice. He fancied their leader s voice to\\ndenote him to be of German extraction, but of this he can form\\ntut an imperfect idea, from their extreme caution in speaking\\nlow. The deponent recollects that three of the men had on\\ndark-colored great coats, and the other was without one. The\\nperson who acted as the leader appeared to be about five feet\\nnine inches high, two about five feet eight inches, and the fourth\\nabout five feet six inches; one of them had on half boots, and\\nthe others shoes. About ten o clock on the day of the robbery,\\nthe deponent recollecting that a large sum, amounting to about\\nsixteen thousand dollars in bank notes and about one thousand\\n2c", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0327.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "302\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\ndollars in gold, was deposited in the bottom of the till of the\\nchest, requested Mr. Hunt that the chest might be examined,\\nwhich was accordingly done, as he was informed, in the presence\\nof General Beatty, Mr. Peter Gordon, and Mr. James Ewing,\\nwhen the bag containing the notes was found under the bags of\\nsilver at the bottom of the till.\\nJames Salter.\\nSworn to and subscribed at Trenton, this 2d day of Novem-\\nber, 1803, before me.\\nJames Ewing.\\nThe report of the committee was taken up the same day, and\\nwhile under consideration a message was received from the house,\\nthrough Mr. Wilson, their clerk, of the passage of a resolution\\noffering two thousand five hundred dollars reward for the appre-\\nhension and conviction of one or more of the robbers of the\\nstate treasury, in addition to the reward of five hundred dollars,\\noffered by Mr. Salter, in which the council refused its concur-\\nrence.\\nOn Tuesday, November 8th, 1803, James Salter resigned the\\noffice of treasurer, and Peter Gordon was appointed by the\\nlegislature in joint meeting.\\nNovember nth, 1803, the following was passed by the house\\nbut the senate refused to concur\\nResolved, That the governor of this state be authorized to\\nissue his proclamation, offering a reward of two thousand five\\nhundred dollars, in addition to the reward already offered by\\nthe treasurer, for the apprehension and conviction of one or\\nmore of the robbers of the state treasury.\\nFebruary i8th, 1804, John Voorhees and Benjamin Yard pre-\\nsented a petition in behalf of themselves and others, praying\\ncompensation for the expense, trouble, and loss of time sus-\\ntained in their endeavors to apprehend and bring to justice the\\nrobbers of the treasury of this state, which was referred to a\\ncommittee.\\nIn the Gazette of March 12th, 1783, is the following ad-\\nvertisement", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0328.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "HISTOR y OF TRENTON. 303\\nOn Wednesday, the 2d of April next, will be opened a\\ndancing school at the Arms of France, in this town, by Mr.\\nD Ossiere, a gentleman who attends the dancing school of the\\nFrench Academy in Philadelphia. The character and abilities\\nof this gentleman are so well established in Philadelphia, that\\nthose who shall have any desire to be instructed by him have\\nonly to inquire there themselves. The said school will continue\\na sufficient time to complete two or three quarters in that year,\\nand the terms will be the same as in Philadelphia. The school\\nwill be alternately in Princeton, if any can be formed in that\\nplace. All sorts of dances, the most in fashion, will be taught,\\nbut principally the graces and manners.\\nIf the inhabitants should have any desire, the director of\\nthe said academy will be very happy in procuring them also, for\\nthe same reason,, a very able master in the French and other\\nforeign languages.\\nApril 1 6th, 1783, the following appears\\nOne of the dancing masters of the French Academy of\\nPhiladelphia has arrived at this place, and will have the pleasure\\nto open the dancing school on Monday next, at three o clock in\\nthe afternoon, agreeable to the late advertisement of the direc-\\ntor.\\nThose gentlemen and ladies that please to favor him with\\ntheir custom will please to call at the Arms of France, where\\nthey may expect good attendance at one guinea entrance, and\\none half-joe per quarter.\\nOn the 24th of December, 1777, appears the following adver-\\nvertisement\\nJust published and now selling, by John Dunlap, at his\\nprinting office, in Queen street, Lancaster,\\nFather Abraham s Almanack,\\nFor the year of our Lord 1778.\\nThe astronomical calculations, we are informed by the inge-\\nnious David Rittenhouse, A. M., of this state, can be implicitly\\nrelied on.\\nThis we believe was the first almanac published in the United\\nStates.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0329.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "304\\nHISTORY OF TRENT OAL\\nIn the same year the Burlington Almanac was published.\\nOn the 31st of January, 1778, we find the Court of Admiralty\\nwas held in Trenton, at the house of Ranssalear Williams.\\nSeptember 23d, 1778, the following advertisement appears:\\nTo be sold, the very valuable plantation whereon the Conti-\\nnental Ferry is kept, about one mile below Trenton; it contains\\nbetween six and seven hundred acres, has a very great proportion\\nof meadow and a sufficiency of woodland. It has every requi-\\nsite to recommend it to the gentleman or farmer; amongst\\nwhich are its pleasant situation, rich meadows, ferry, orchards,\\nfishery, large fish-pond, wherein one thousand sturgeon may be\\nkept, and great front on the river Delaware, a part of which is\\nvery suitable for a town, as it has beautiful high banks and lays\\ntelow the falls. If the plantation is disposed of, all the stock\\nand farming utensils, with part of the household furniture, all\\nnew and very elegant, vi^ill be sold. For terms, apply to the\\nsubscriber, on the premises.\\nWilliam Trent.\\nThis plantation of Judge Trent s covered the entire fourth\\nward, and part of the third ward, and extended north of the\\nAssanpink to Front street.\\nDecember 2d, 1778, Joseph Borden begs leave to inform\\nthe public that his stage-boat will sail from the Crooked Billet\\nwharf, at Philadelphia, every Saturday evening or Sunday morn-\\ning, (as the tide may serve), for Borden-Town and that a wagon\\nwill proceed from thence to Brunswick, on Monday morning,\\nand return to Borden-Town the day following, from whence the\\nstage-boat will proceed on Wednesday to the Crooked Billet\\nwharf.\\nGoods and passengers will be conveyed with care and con-\\nvenience as heretofore.\\nJoseph Borden.\\nFebruary 25th, 1778, the printing office was removed to Tren-\\nton.\\nOn the 25th of October, 1780, Isaac Collins advertises as\\njust published, and to be sold wholesale and retail, at the print-\\ning office, a neat edition of the New Testament, printed from\\ngood type, and on good paper.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0330.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON. 305\\nIn 1780, the following was pulplished\\nA DIALOGUE BETWEEN SATAN AND ARNOLD.\\nQuoth Satan to Arnold, my worthy good fellow,\\nI love you much better than ever I did\\nYou live like a prince, with Hal may yet mellow\\nBut mind that you both do just what I bid.\\nQuoth Arnold to Satan, my friend, do not doubt me\\nI will strictly adhere to all your great views\\nTo you I m devoted, with all things about me\\nYou ll permit me, I hope, to die in my shoes.\\nThe following advertisement appeared November ist, 1780\\nThe public are hereby informed that the Continental Ferry\\nacross the Delaware, at Trenton, is removed from the upper to\\nthe lower ferry; of which all persons in public employ having\\noccasion to pass the said ferry are to take notice where good\\nboats and careful attendance is continued for the convenience\\nof private travelers also.\\nTrenton, October 25th, 1780.\\nThis upper ferry was situated at the foot of Calhoun s lane, above\\nwhere the new Delaware bridge now stands and the lower ferry\\nwas below the present old Delaware bridge, at what is now the\\nsteamboat landing.\\nTRENTON AND ELIZABETH-TOWN STAGE.\\nThe subscribers take this method to inform the publick,\\nthat they have erected a compleat stage-waggon to go from this\\ncity to Trenton and Elizabeth-Town, passing through Bristol j\\nthey flatter themselves that the mode they have taken to com-\\npleat the journey, with ease and despatch, cannot fail giving\\nsatisfaction to those who please to favor them with their custom.\\nThe stage to set off from the Conestogoe- Waggon, in Market\\nstreet, betwixt Fourth and Fifth streets, Philadelphia, every\\nMonday and Thursday mornings, precisely at six o clock, and\\nto reach Princeton the same day, there to meet another stage,\\nchange passengers, and reach Elizabeth-Town the next day, and\\nso compleat the journey in two days.\\nThe price for each passenger is thirty shillings specie, or the\\n9 n*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0331.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "3o6 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nvalue in other money, and the same for any baggage weighing\\none hundred and fifty pounds.\\nEdward Young and\\nICHABOD GrUMMOND.\\nN, B. No run goods to be admitted in this stage, nor sealed\\nletters, unless directed to gentlemen of the army of the United\\nStates.\\nHere is another stage running to the same place.\\nELIZABETH-TOWN STAGE-WAGGON.\\nThe subscribers inform the Publick, that they have pro-\\nvided a convenient Flying Stage-Waggon, with four horses at\\nthe end of every twenty miles, suitable for carrying passengers\\nand their baggage and to engage to go two trips in every week\\nfrom Philadelphia to Elizabeth-Town, with this flying stage,\\nafter the 20th of May, 1781, and so continue till timely notice\\nis given to the publick will set out from the Bunch of Grapes,\\nin Third street, between Market and Arch streets, in the rising of\\nthe sun, breakfast at the Four-Lanes-End, shift horses, cross\\nthe new ferry just above Trenton falls, dine at Jacob Bergen s,\\nat Princeton, shift horses, lodge at Brunswick; the next day at\\nElizabeth-Town at ten o clock in the forenoon.\\nThe same, every Tuesday and Friday, will set out from Doc-\\ntor Winan s tavern, in Elizabeth-Town, precisely at three o clock\\nin the afternoon, for Brunswick the next days, every Wednes-\\nday and Saturday, will breakfast at Princeton, dine at the Four-\\nLanes-End, from thence to Philadelphia.\\nThe price for each passenger, from Philadelphia to Eliza-\\nbeth-Town, to be forty shillings in gold or silver, or the value\\nthereof in other money and the like sum for one hundred and\\nfifty weight of baggage and the same sum from Elizabeth-Town\\nto Philadelphia, and so in proportion according to the length of\\nthe way and weight.\\nThe subscribers beg leave to return their thanks to all gen-\\ntlemen and ladies who have been pleased to favor them with\\ntheir custom, and hope for a continuance of the same, and they", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0332.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR y OF TRENTON.\\n307\\nmay depend on the punctual attendance of their humble ser-\\nvants.\\n^Gershom Johnson and\\nJames Drake.\\nApril 30th, 1 781.\\nThus, under the then existing mode of travel, two entire days\\nwere consumed between Trenton and Elizabethtown. The\\nowners of this flying stage-wagon, however, returned their thanks\\nto those who patronized them.\\nJune 19th, 1 781, Philemon Dickinson and Lambert Cadwala-\\nder advertised to receive subscriptions to the National Bank for\\nthe United States of America.\\nThe owner of the ferry known by the name of the Trenton\\nOld Ferry, on the post-road leading to Philadelphia, and where\\nthe public cross, provided the said ferry with the best boats that\\nhave been constructed for safety in the transportation of passen-\\ngers and horses and carriages in time of freshets, wind, or ice,\\nand employs a number of careful hands who work the boats,\\nand who are always punctual on the spot. The rates of ferriage\\nare as follows, viz., Wagon and four horses, five shillings;\\nwagon and two horses, three shillings nine-pence a chair, three\\nshillings six-pence; man and horse, six-pence; foot passengers,\\nthree-pence; and all other ferriages in proportion.\\nJuly nth, 1781, appeared the following:\\nThe subscribers having furnished themselves with good boats\\nat the new ferry, a little above the falls and almost opposite Tren-\\nton, and the distance being nearly the same from Bristol to\\nTrenton to go by this or Colvin s, all persons who will please to\\nfavor them with their custom, may depend on an easy and safe\\npassage, at the following rates, which are as low as they were\\ntwenty years ago, viz., Wagon and four horses, four shillings\\nsix-pence wagon with two horses, three shillings six-pence\\nhorse and chair, one shilling six-pence man and horse, six-\\npence a footman, three-pence and all other ferriages in like\\nproportion.\\nTravelers who come from Bristol the new road are requested\\nto turn to the left at the twenty-nine-mile-stone, which is about\\nthree-quarters of a mile from the ferry and those from the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0333.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "3o8 HI ST OR V OF TRENTON.\\neastward are to turn to the right at the market-house in Trenton^\\nwhich is about a quarter of a mile.\\nIn the year 1791, Mr. Isaac Collins issued from his printing\\noffice, corner of Second (now State) and Queen (now Greene)\\nstreets, a large quarto Bible, of nine hundred and eighty- four\\npages, uniform with the Oxford edition of the Holy Scriptures,\\nto which was added an index, also scripture measures, weights,\\nand coins. The price of the book was four Spanish dollars\\none dollar to be paid at the time of subscribing, and the remain-\\nder on delivery of the book.\\nThree thousand copies were published.\\nOn Thursday, March 4th, 1761, the Presbyterian congregation\\nof Hopewell, in the county of Hunterdon, represented to the\\nlegislature that their meeting-house in Pennington was in a\\nruinous state, and utterly unfit for public worship, and that their\\ncongregation was unable to raise money to repair the same, and\\ntherefore prayed that the house would grant them leave to bring\\nin a bill to empower them to institute a lottery in order to raise\\nsufficient funds to repair the said meeting-house.\\nAt this time this was a customary way of raising money for\\nchurch and other purposes, for at the same session several acts\\nwere passed for raising money by lottery for building and re-\\npairing churches for other denominations as well as Presbyterian,\\nand also for the College of New Jersey.\\nIn 1766, the stone bridge across the Assanpink, adjoining the\\nmills of Robert Lettis Hooper, was built by the inhabitants of\\nthe county of Hunterdon and the township of Nottingham.\\nTuesday, October 31st, 1769, a petition was presented to the\\nhouse of assembly, from the minister, church wardens, and ves-\\ntrymen of the Episcopal Church of St. Michael, in Trenton,\\nand from the elders, deacons, and congregation of the Presby-\\nterian Church of the same place, setting forth that the said\\nchurches had been built and supported for many years by the\\nvoluntary contribution of the members of each that they were\\nwholly unable to support the ministers, purchase a house and\\nglebe for each, and make the necessary repairs to said churches;\\nand praying an act to enable the petitioners to raise, by way of\\nlottery, the sum of one thousand six hundred pounds, for the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0334.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n309\\npurpose aforesaid, and that certain persons in the petition\\nnamed might be appointed managers.\\nOn Fridaj^ November i8th, 1791, a bill was introduced into\\nthe house, empowering the trustees of the Presbyterian Church,\\nand the minister, wardens, and vestry of the Episcopal Church\\nof this place, to raise money by lottery, but it was rejected on\\nWednesday, November 23d.\\nJanuary 25th, 1813, a petition from the trustees of the Pres-\\nbyterian Church was presented to the house, praying to be\\nauthorized to raise a certain sum of money by way of lottery,\\nwhich was referred to the committee on the subject of lotteries,\\nand on the 28th they reported that it was inexpedient to grant\\ntheir request.\\nIn the early part of the session of 181 1, sundry inhabitants of\\nHunterdon and Burlington counties presented a petition rela-\\ntive to the removal of the sand-bar on Perriwig Island below\\nLamberton, which was referred to a committee of the house,\\nwho, on the 7th of February, reported that from the informa-\\ntion the committee had received, it was evident that the said\\nsand-bar was a considerable obstruction and injury to the navi-\\ngation of the said river, and that its removal would be of great\\npublic advantage that towards the accomplishment of this\\nobject, legislative interference is solicited, first, in furnishing\\npecuniary aid to the undertaking secondly, in affording liberty\\nto enter upon and remove the obstructions, the river being con-\\nsidered a public highway under legislative control that with\\nrespect to the first, the sum necessary to remove the obstructions\\nis estimated at from ten to fifteen thousand dollars that the\\nlegislature can only furnish this in one of two ways, either by a\\ngrant from the treasury, which, as the funds therein are raised\\nby taxes equally from every part of the state, they do not believe\\nthe legislature would be willing to make to a purpose in which\\nmuch the greatest part of the state can have no immediate inter-\\nest or by a lottery, which, from the opposition already mani-\\nfested to this mode of raising money for local objects, the com-\\nmittee presume the house is not prepared to allow that with\\nrespect to the second point on which legislative interference is\\nrequested, the committee conceive it reasonable and right that", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0335.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "310\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nthe desire of the applicants should be granted, and therefore\\nrecommend that they have leave to present a bill, giving the\\nliberty of entering upon the said public highway and removing\\nthe said obstruction. And on the nth a bill was introduced\\nentitled An act for improving the navigation of the river Del-\\naware, which passed the house unanimously on the 14th The\\nbill was then amended and passed by council on the i6th, and\\non the 1 8th it passed the house unanimously.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0336.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XVIII.\\nState House State Library State Librarians Government\\nLLouse Encroachment icpon State Property by Citizens of\\nTrenton Water Works John Fitch, the Lnventor of the\\nSteamboat City of Trenton Wards Borough of South\\nTrenton Congress Elections ALodel Message of tlie Gov-\\nernor Resohition Fi7 e Company Trenton and New Bruns-\\nwick Turnpike Company Lottejy to remove Obstructions in the\\nDelaware.\\nN his message to the house September nth, 1776, Governor\\nLivingston recomiiiended the fixing of the seat of govern-\\nment in some convenient and plentiful part of the state, and on\\nWednesday, November i6th, 1791, a bill was introduced in the\\nhouse of assembly entitled An act to provide suitable buildings\\nfor the accommodation of the legislature and public offices of\\nthe state.\\nOn the 1 8th of the same month the bill was taken up, and an\\neffort made to amend it by striking out Trenton and inserting\\nNew Brunswick and Woodbury, which was not agreed to, and\\non Saturday, November 19th, it passed the house, and on Tues-\\nday, the 22d, it passed the council.\\nNovember 25th, 1790, the seat of government was fixed at\\nTrenton.\\nNovember 2 2d, 1791, Joseph Cooper, Thomas Lowery, James\\nEwing, Maskell Ewing, George Anderson, James Mott, and\\nMoore Furman were appointed commissioners, with power to\\npurchase or accept such quantity of land at the seat of govern-\\nment as they might deem proper for the use of the state, and pro-\\nvide suitable buildings for the accommodation of the legislature of\\nthe state; and they were authorized to draw on the treasurer for", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0337.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "212 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nany sums not exceeding fifteen hundred pounds, and were\\nauthorized to accept grants of money for the purposes aforesaid.\\nNovember i6th, 1792, the house appointed Benjamin Van-\\ncleve, of Hunterdon, John Burgin, of Cumberland, and Joseph\\nStillwell, of Monmouth, and on the 17th, council appointed\\nJohn Condict, of Essex, a committee to settle the accounts of\\nthe commissioners, who, on the 27th of the same month, sub-\\nmitted the following report\\nTrenton, November 27th, 1791.\\nWe, the committee from the council and assembly for the\\npurpose of examining the accounts and vouchers of the com-\\nmissioners appointed by a law of this state, passed the twenty-\\nsecond day of November, one thousand seven hundred and\\nninety-one, to provide suitable buildings for the accommodation\\nof the legislature, having carefully inspected the same, do report,\\nthat the said commissioners have received at sundry times, out of\\nthe treasury of this state, the sum of three thousand five hundred\\npounds; and for several articles sold, belonging to the state^\\ntwelve pounds fifteen shillings and eleven-pence half-penny and\\nalso from the inhabitants of Trenton and the vicinity, by subscrip-\\ntion, the sum of three hundred pounds eighteen shillings and six-\\npence in cash, together with land and materials for building, to the\\nvalue of three hundred and forty pounds nine shillings and five-\\npence, exclusive of the said materials. And it appears to the com-\\nmittee, by the accounts of the said commissioners, and the vouchers\\nproduced to us from No. i to 129, and from No. o to 34, that they\\nhave expended in erecting the said building the sum of three thou-\\nsand eight hundred and twenty pounds nineteen shillings and five-\\npence half-penny; and that there is a balance due to the said\\ncommissioners of five shillings. And further, it appears to the\\ncommittee that there are demands against the said commissioners\\nfrom sundry persons, for materials for said building and work-\\nmanship, to the amount of one hundred and seventy pounds\\neighteen shillings and seven-pence, specie.\\nJohn Condict,\\nBenjamin Vancleve,\\nJoseph Stillwell,\\nJohn Burgin.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0338.jp2"}, "339": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. ^Ij\\nWhich report was received and adopted by both houses.\\nNovember 2d, 1796, Messrs. Peter De Vroom, of Somerset\\ncounty, Stephen Burrows, of Hunterdon, and Peter Smith, of\\nSussex, were appointed a committee on the part of the house,\\nfor the purpose of settling the accounts of Benjamin Smith,\\nEsq., commissioner appointed by law to build suitable offices\\nfor the secretary and clerk of the Supreme Court, and also the\\naccounts of the commissioners appointed by law to erect suitable\\naccommodations for the legislature; and Thomas Sinnickson, of\\nSalem, was appointed on the part of council, and on November\\n4th, they reported that the commissioner had expended in finish-\\ning the said offices the sum of three hundred and ten pounds\\nnine shillings and eleven-pence, and that the said commissioner\\nhath received from the treasurer one hundred and twenty pounds\\nthat he hath sold sundry articles belonging to the state, to the\\namount of twenty pounds twelve shillings and nine-pence, and\\nthat there remains a balance due the said commissioner of one\\nhundred and sixty-nine pounds seventeen shillings and two-pence.\\nThomas Sinnickson,\\nPeter De Vroom,\\nStephen Burrows,\\nPeter Smith.\\nOn the same day the committee made the following report:\\nThat they had examined the accounts of the commissioners\\nappointed by an act to provide suitable buildings for the accom-\\nmodation of the legislature, passed the 2 2d day of November,\\n1 791, and that the said commissioners have expended in finish-\\ning the State House, the sum of seven hundred and twenty-nine\\npounds and ten shillings that the said commissioners have re-\\nceived of the treasurer five hundred pounds that they have sold\\nsundry articles belonging to the state to the amount of thirty-\\none pounds seven shillings and eight-pence, and that there re-\\nmains a balance due to the said commissioners of one hundred\\nand ninety-eight pounds two shillings and four-pence.\\nThomas Sinnickson,\\nPeter De Vroom,\\nStephen Burrows,\\nPeter Smith.\\n2d", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0339.jp2"}, "340": {"fulltext": "314\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nNovember 4tli, 1797, it was resolved by the house that a\\ncommittee be appointed to inquire what repairs are neressary to\\nbe made to the State House, and whether it is expedient to en-\\nclose and level the lot belonging to the same, and what sum\\nought to be appropriated for the said purpose.\\nJanuary 19th, 1799, at the request of Moore Furman, who\\nwas appointed to enclose the State House lot, the following com-\\nmittee was appointed to examine and settle his accounts Messrs.\\nJoseph Budd, of Burlington, Joseph Shinn, of Salem, and\\nWilliam Kunkle, of Sussex, on the part of the house, and Messrs.\\nPeter De Vroom, of Somerset, and John Lambert, of Hunter-\\ndon, on the part of the council, and on the 29th they made the\\nfollowing report\\nThat we have examined the vouchers of the said Moore\\nFurman, commissioner, from No. i to No. d-X) inclusive, and\\nthe account accompanying the same, and find a balance due to\\nthe said Moore Furman, (including his commissions of five per\\ncent., amounting to thirty-seven pounds nineteen shillings and\\nnine-pence, and deducting three hundred and seventy-five\\npounds, which he acknowledges to have received from the treas-\\nurer), of three hundred and eighty pounds fourteen shillings and\\neight-pence; that the sura necessary to complete the intention\\nof the legislature in his appointment, according to his estimate,\\nwill be seven hundred and thirty-five dollars and sixty-six cents,\\nand that a further sum of four hundred and ten dollars will be\\nnecessary for paving around the State House with brick, and for\\nsand and gravel to raise the ground and stone to secure the\\nbrick.\\nPeter De Vroom,\\nJohn Lambert,\\nJoseph Budd,\\nWilliam Runkle,\\nJoseph Shinn.\\nOn the 4th of February, the sum of two hundred and eighty-\\nfive dollars and sixty-six cents was appropriated for completiiag\\nthe parts of the work already begun.\\nNovember 4th, Abraham Kitchell and Joseph Stillwell re-\\nported that they had examined the accounts and vouchers of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0340.jp2"}, "341": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n315\\nMoore Furman, appointed by the act of February 19th last, to\\ncomplete the State House yard, and find that there appears to be\\na balance due the said Moore Furman of twenty-eight pounds\\ntwo shillings and one penny, equal to seventy-four dollars and\\nninety-five cents.\\nNovember 20th, a resolution was passed by the house that\\nDavid Wrighter should, in the recess of the legislature, have the\\ngrass on the State House lot as a compensation for taking care of\\nsaid lot and watering the trees, and the council rejected it, and\\nit was passed the second time, and again rejected by council.\\nNovember 3d, 1801, Messrs. Peter Gordon, of Hunterdon,\\nSamuel W. Harrison, of Gloucester, and Gershom Dunn, of\\nMiddlesex, were appointed a committee to examine what repairs\\nare necessary to be made to the State House, and on the 4th they\\nreported that the platform and banisters at each end of the\\nhouse, the belfry, window frames, and sashes, all should be im-\\nmediately painted over to preserve the wood from decaying, as\\nthey observe the paint chiefly washed off; also, new steps on the\\nnorth side, and some small repairs to the steps on the south side,\\ntogether with a new cellar door frame, which repairs, it is sup-\\nposed by the best information they can obtain, will amount to\\ntwo hundred dollars.\\nNovember 3d, 1803, it was resolved by the general assembly\\nthat a committee be appointed to inquire into the cause and con-\\nduct of the mob assembled in Trenton in the month of Febru-\\nary last, and also by whose direction or approbation the State\\nHouse was occupied as a ball room on the 4th of July, and of\\nthe riot in Trenton in said month, and whether the magistrates\\nof Trenton used all due diligence in suppressing said disorders\\nand likewise whether any and how many of the principal inhab-\\nitants of said town, as far as can be ascertained, appeared at the\\ntime to approve or discountenance such conduct, and that they\\nreport to this house their opinion thereon, and what measures, if\\nany, would be proper in order to prevent such disorders in the\\nfuture; and that the committee have power to send for such evi-\\ndences as they think necessary.\\nNovember loth, the following was passed by the house, and\\non the same day by the council", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0341.jp2"}, "342": {"fulltext": "3i6 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nResolved, That on the adjournment of the legislature, the\\nclerk of assembly and Moore Furman, Esq., or either of them,\\nbe requested to take charge of the State House, with directions\\nnot to permit it to be occupied for any other purpose than for\\nthe accommodation of the constituted authorities for which it\\nwas erected.\\nNovember nth, a resolution was passed by both houses,\\nplacing the State House yard in the care of James J. Wilson, re-\\nserving the use of the buildings in the said yard for the neces-\\nsary occasions of the officers of government. James J. Wilson\\nwas clerk of the assembly.\\nMarch 3d, 1806, a law was passed appointing commissioners\\nto make certain repairs to the State House, to provide and hang\\na suitable bell, c.\\nNovember 3d, 1807, the commissioners reported that the\\nceiling of the council room had been repaired in such manner\\nas appears durable and safe that the outside covering of the\\nwings of the house being found defective, new coverings of\\nboards have been put on, in such a manner, the commissioners\\nbelieve, as to completely exclude the water for a considerable\\nlength of time had the appropriation been permitted, the\\ncommissioners would have thought it their duty to have had it\\ncovered with copper, and they would recommend that this\\nshould be done to make the coverings durable and water-proof;\\nthat the platform of the cupola has been covered, first with\\nboards, and afterwards with copper, and all the leaks that could\\nbe discovered in the roof have been stopped that a bell has\\nbeen procured and hung, the workmanship of which appears to\\nbe well executed, and is as large as the limits prescribed by law\\nwould allow, weighing three hundred and eighty-one pounds\\nthat the various expenses incurred in effecting these objects\\nhaving employed all the money appropriated, and, indeed,\\nrather exceeded the appropriation, they have not thought it\\ntheir duty to procure a carpet for the Supreme Court room, as\\nmentioned in the law.\\nPeter Gordon,\\nEllet Tucker,\\nJames J. Wilson,\\nCommissioners.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0342.jp2"}, "343": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n3^7\\nOn the same day a resolution was adopted requesting them to\\nproceed to the completion of the duties assigned them, by pro-\\nviding a suitable carpet to cover the floor of the Supreme\\nCourt room.\\nFebruary 19th, 1813, a bill was passed by the house to pro-\\nvide for the paving of the walks in front of the State House.\\nA bill was passed by the legislature authorizing the construc-\\ntion on the corner of State and Delaware streets of buildings for\\nthe offices of the secretary of state and clerk of the Supreme\\nCourt.\\nThese offices were one story brick buildings, located on the\\nnortheast corner of the State House yard, the entrance to which\\nwas on Delaware street, and the end office, towards the river,\\nhad an exit into the State House yard, near which was an iron\\ngate leading into Delaware street. They were removed when\\nthe new building was erected, and provision was made in it for\\nthese offices. The clerk in chancery had a one story brick\\nbuilding in State street on the government lot, on the spot on\\nthe corner of State and Chancery streets now occupied by\\nthe Chancery Building. It took its name from the fact of the\\nchancery office having previously occupied the same spot of\\nground. It was removed upon the completion of the new State\\nHouse, when provision was also made in that building for the\\nclerk of the Court of Chancery.\\nOn the 20th, the house passed a resolution appointing Richard\\nL. Beatty, the clerk of the house, to take charge of the State\\nHouse, with its appurtenances, during the recess of the legisla-\\nture.\\nOn October 29th a report was made to the house that the sum\\nof two hundred and ten dollars had been expended by Mr,\\nRichard L. Beatty for removing the dirt and completing the\\npavement in front of the offices, fixing the curb-stones on the\\nsame, and in some necessary additions to the offices of the secre-\\ntary and clerk that said sum will be inadequate to the object,\\nand that a further appropriation is necessary. On the 30th a\\nbill passed the house to provide the means to complete this im-\\nprovement, and on the 3d of November it passed the council.\\nFebruary 2d, 1815, a committee appointed to devise ways\\n2d*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0343.jp2"}, "344": {"fulltext": "3^8\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nand means, and report a plan for rendering the hall in which the\\nassembly sits for the discharge of public business, more com-\\nfortable, presented the following report\\nThat in the opinion of the committee, from a common six-\\nplate stove placed under the floor of said hall, and enclosed\\nwith brick work, a column of heated air may be so introduced\\ninto the hall as to render it more comfortable, at a small ex-\\npense, and thereby effecting a material saving of fuel, and that\\nthis improvement may be made so as to be perfectly consistent\\nwith the safety of the whole edifice. Further, that by the addi-\\ntion of two batten doors at the entrance of this hall, much cold\\nair w^ould be excluded.\\nWhereupon they submitted to the house the following\\nResolved, That the treasurer of this state, as soon as may be\\npracticable, procure a good six-plate stove, of cast iron, and\\nhave the same so enclosed with brick work as to introduce into\\nthis hall a column of heated air, or make such other improve-\\nments for this purpose as he shall deem expedient and that he\\nfurther cause a double batten door to be placed at the entrance\\nof this hall that the said treasurer employ suitable persons to\\nmake the said improvements, and, when finished, to lay the bill\\nbefore this house.\\nResolved, That the treasurer be authorized to employ proper\\nworkmen to examine whether any or all the pillars in the hail of\\nthe assembly room can be removed without material injury to\\nthe State House, and make a report to the next legislature of\\n.the result, together with an estimate of the probable expense.\\nJune 5th, 1820, the following resolution was offered in the\\nliouse, but not agreed to\\nResolved, That the Lombardy poplar wood in the State\\nHouse yard be given to the door-keepers of council and assem-\\nbly, they paying the expense of trimming the trees and cutting\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2the wood.\\nJune 8th, the following resolution was offered in the house,\\nand laid on the table\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^Resolved, That in order to aid Charles Higbee and Zacha-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0344.jp2"}, "345": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR V OF TRENTON. n t q\\nriah Rossell, Esq., in fulfilling the object of their appointment\\nfor planting trees in the yard of the State House, they be author-\\nized to make sale of trees and wood now standing and being on\\nthe premises, and after paying the expenses of cutting the same,\\nto appropriate the residue of the proceeds for the objects of their\\nappointment.\\nApril 2d, 1845, Samuel R. Gummere, Samuel R. Hamilton,\\nand Stacy A. Paxson, were appointed commissioners to cause a\\ngood and substantial roof to be put upon the State House, and\\nto cause the stucco work, or rough-casting, to be removed and\\nreplaced with new work, in the style of the Mercer County\\nCourt-House to cause neat porticos to be placed over the north\\nand south doors of said house, and such other repairs as they\\nmay deem necessary, and to have the grounds around the build-\\ning properly fenced, graded, and planted with suitable orna-\\nmental trees.\\nThey were also to cause to be erected two buildings, fronting\\non Second street, of forty feet front by fifty-five feet deep, each.\\nEach of said buildings to be divided into two offices, with suit-\\nable fire-proof vaults, for the accommodation of the secretary\\nof state, the clerk of the Supreme Court, the clerk of the Court\\nof Chancery, and the state treasurer.\\nIn 1848, very extensive additions were made to the State\\nHouse. The rotunda was erected, as well as the buildings in\\nfront of it facing the street.\\nThe architect was John Nottman, of Philadelphia, and the\\nbuilders were Joseph Whitaker and William Phillips, of this\\ncity.\\nAt that time material and labor was very cheap, and the\\nbuildings were completed at a cost of twenty-seven thousand\\ndollars.\\nOn the northwest corner of the State House lot stood a frame\\nbuilding and lot of ground, and on the 20th of February, 1849,\\nthe legislature passed an act for the purchase of the same, appro-\\npriating the sum of four thousand five hundred dollars for that\\npurpose.\\nSamuel Mairs, state treasurer, Samuel R. Hamilton, quarter-\\nmaster-general, and Charles G. McChesney, secretary of state,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0345.jp2"}, "346": {"fulltext": "320\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nwere appointed commissioners to purchase the same, with power\\nto sell or remove the building from off the grounds.\\nFebruary 20th, 1850, a joint resolution was passed authorizing\\nthe treasurer to cause the necessary fixtures and apparatus to be\\nput up for lighting the State House with gas.\\nMarch nth, 1853, it was ordered by resolution thafthe court\\nrooms be lighted with gas.\\nMarch 24th, 1863, the legislature appropriated ten thousand\\ndollars to add a wing on the southerly side of the state capi-\\ntol for a library and committee rooms, and the commissioners of\\nthe state library were appointed to have the work done. April\\n14th, 1864, an additional sum of sixteen thousand dollars was\\nappropriated, and the act authorized, in addition to a library and\\ncommittee rooms, an executive chamber, and rooms for other\\nneedful purposes.\\nApril 6th, 1865, five thousand dollars was appropriated to\\nprocure the necessary shelving and furniture for the new library\\nroom, and to make such alterations as may be necessary in the\\nold library room for the accommodation of the United States\\ncourts, and to set apart some suitable room in the building for a\\njury room, and to procure the necessary furniture, carpeting, c.,\\nfdr the new executive chamber and committee rooms, the same\\nto be furnished in a neat and becoming manner.\\nMarch 31st, 1871, an act was passed appointing Charles S.\\nOlden, Thomas J. Stryker, and Lewis Perrine commissioners to\\nerect an addition and make repairs to the State House.\\nThis addition is nov/ being made, and is intended to extend\\nthe library, and build new rooms for the senate and general\\nassembly, and to fit up the present legislative rooms for execu-\\ntive chambers and for offices for the adjutant-general, quarter-\\nmaster-general, comptroller, commissioners of the sinking fund,,\\nand attorney-general.\\nThe contractors for the stone work are Robert S. and William\\nJohnston, of this city for the carpenter work, Frederick Titus\\nand Robert M. Conrad, of this city for cast iron work, Samuel\\nJ. Creswell, of Philadelphia; for wrought iron work, John E.\\nThropp, Duncan McKenzie, and Peter Wilkes, of this city, and\\nfor the plumbing work, Stephen K. Philbin, and John E. Eyan-\\nson, of Philadelphia.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0346.jp2"}, "347": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON: 321\\nFifty thousand dollars was appropriated for this addition.\\nSamuel Sloan, of Philadelphia, is the architect.\\nThe whole front of the State House lot is two hundred and\\nforty-seven feet six inches, on State street.\\nThe whole depth from State street to low water mark is six\\nhundred and sixty feet.\\nSold by Joseph Brittain and Susanna, his wife, to Joseph\\nCooper, Thomas Lowry, James Ewing, Maskell Ewing, George\\nAnderson, Moore Furman, and Richard Howell, commissioners\\nappointed by the legislature, November 22d, 1791, for five shil-\\nlings, deed dated January 19th, 1792, containing two and a\\nquarter acres. These lots are on the Delaware.\\nLot No. I, facing on State street, was sold by Joseph Brittain\\nand Susanna, his wife, to Paul Thorp, for twenty-five pounds,\\nJanuary 24th, 1786; and by Paul Thorp and Isabella, his wife, to\\nWilliam Reeder, for seventy-five pounds, March 4th, 1790; and\\nby William Reeder and Priscilla, his wife, to the state commis-\\nsioners, for sixty-two pounds ten shillings, January 19th, 1792,\\ncontaining one-quarter of an acre.\\nLot No. 2, also fronting on State street, was sold by Joseph\\nBrittain and wife to John Emmerson, for twenty-five pounds,\\nMarch 13th, 1784; and by John Emmerson to James Emmer-\\nson, for thirty pounds, March 13th, 1786; by James Emmerson\\nand wife to George Ely, for thirty-seven pounds ten shillings.\\nMay ist, 1798 and by George Ely and Mary, his wife, to the\\nstate commissioners, for sixty pounds, January 19th, 1792, con-\\ntaining one-quarter of an acre.\\nLot No. 3, fronting on State street, was sold by Joseph Brit-\\ntain and wife to James Emmerson, September 13th, 1784, for\\ntwenty-five pounds and by James Emmerson and wife to George\\nEly, May ist, 1788, for thirty-seven pounds and ten shillings,\\nand by George Ely and wife to the state commissioners, for sixty\\npounds, January 19th, 1792, containing one-quarter of an acre.\\nA lot was subsequently bought of Mrs. Mary McCall, eighty-\\ntwo feet six inches front on State street, and running the same\\ndepth as the other three lots.\\nThe whole land contains three and three-quarter acres, and", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0347.jp2"}, "348": {"fulltext": "322 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nthe entire cost was two hundred and fifty pounds and five shil-\\nlings.\\nThe whole length on State street* is two hundred and forty-\\nseven feet six inches depth on Delaware street to low water\\nmark, six hundred and sixty feet, as surveyed by William C.\\nHowell, September i6th, 1845.\\nNovember 25th, 1794, a bill was introduced into the house,\\nentitled An act for the removal and preservation of the public\\nrecords of the state of New Jersey, which bill was considered\\non the 27th, and referred to Messrs. Aaron Kitchell, of Morris\\ncounty, Henry Southard, of Somerset, John Blackwood, of\\nGloucester, Joseph Stillwell, of Monmouth, and Daniel Frazer,\\nof Hunterdon, and on the ist of December, the committee\\nreported, that in their opinion a house to hold the public\\nrecords ought to be built on the State House lot, in Trenton,\\nthe size of which shall be thirty feet by twenty-four feet, with\\nthree rooms on the floor, two of which shall be arched, in order\\nto secure the records from fire which building shall be one\\nstory high, and built of brick or stone and that the treasurer\\nof this state be requested to advertise for proposals for erecting\\nand completing said building, and to lay such proposals before\\nthe legislature at their sitting, in order to give time to receive\\nsuch proposals; and your committee are further of opinion, that\\nthe records in the secretary s office, at Burlington, ought not to\\nbe removed until all the papers lodged in that office for record-\\ning be duly entered on record.\\nBy order of the committee.\\nAaron Kitchell.\\nThe bill was postponed until the next session, when it was\\nagain taken up, and referred to Messrs. Benjamin Manning, of\\nMiddlesex county, David Frazer, of Hunterdon, and Ebenezer\\nElmer, of Cumberland, who, on the i6th of February, 1795,\\nreported the bill under the following title: An act for the\\nrenewal of the secretary s office, and for the preservation of the\\npublic records of the state of New Jersey; and on the 27th the\\nbill passed the house, and on the 4th of March it was passed by\\ncouncil.\\nMarch i8th, 1796, it was resolved that Maskell Ewing, clerk", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0348.jp2"}, "349": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 323\\nof the house of assembly, be directed to enter on the minutes of\\nthe house this day, the titles and names of the several books\\nnow belonging to the legislature and that he be further directed\\nto procure, at the expense of the legislature, a suitable case for\\nthe keeping and preservation of such books and further also,\\nthat he be responsible to the legislature for the safe keeping and\\npreservation of the same.\\nThe first mention we have of a state library is in the proceed-\\nings of the legislature of October 28th, 1796, at which time the\\nspeaker laid before the house a copy of the journals of the senate\\nof the United States, in the first session of the fourth congress,\\nwhich was at that time nothing more than a case which Maskell\\nEwing had prepared by order of the house, as above stated.\\nFebruary i8th, 1804, the clerk was directed to procure for the\\nuse of the legislature eight copies of Jefferson s manual relative\\nto the mode of conducting business in legislative bodies.\\nOn the same day a resolution was passed by the house to ap-\\npoint a committee to report rules for the librar}^ belonging to\\nthe legislature, and for the preservation of the books also, that\\nthey make out a catalogue of the same and cause it to be printed,\\nand that they report what books, if any, are necessary to be\\npurchased.\\nMessrs. William Coxe, of Burlington, Ezra Darley, of Essex,\\nand John A. Scudder, of Monmouth, were appointed.\\nFebruary 23d, 1804, Mr. Coxe, from the committee appointed\\nto make a catalogue of the books in the library belonging to\\nthe legislature, and to draft rules for the regulation of the\\nsame, reported by name one hundred and sixty-eight volumes, a\\nlarge number of which were the laws of this and other states,\\njournals of council and assembly, the minutes of the legislatures\\nof other states, as well as the congress of the United States.\\nThey also recommended the following rules:\\nist. That the books be put under the care of the clerk of the\\nhouse of assembly, who shall provide a book in which each\\nmember of council or assembly shall enter the name or names\\nof the books taken out by him, and the time of taking out.\\n2d. That none but the members of the legislature be per-\\nmitted to take out books, and that the members consider them-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0349.jp2"}, "350": {"fulltext": "324\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nselves bound not to take a book from the State House without\\nentering the name of it in the library book.\\n3d. That a stamp be prepared with which the words New\\nJersey legislature be branded on each book, with a number to\\neach set to be marked on the back.\\n4th. That the list of books shall be printed in the votes of the\\nhouse of assembly, with these rules, for the information of the\\nmembers.\\n5th. That the clerk of the house and the clerk of council be\\nrequired to cause the copies of the laws of the United States,\\ntransmitted by the general government, and which have been\\nretained by the two houses, to be bound in the same manner as\\nthe first four volumes, and to proceed in the same manner in\\nfuture.\\n6th. That the clerk of the house of assembly be required to\\nhave the laws of this state, and journals and votes reserved for\\nthe use of the house, to be bound in the same manner, and that\\nthe secretary be requested to do the same Avith those of council.\\n7th. All the binding to be of leather, strong and neat, and as\\nnearly as can be, similar to that of the laws of the United States.\\nThese rules were adopted by the house February 29th, 1804,\\nand on the same day they were adopted by council.\\nOctober 23d, 1S04, Governor Bloomfield, in his message to\\nthe house, informed them that the journals of the senate and\\nhouse of representatives, the fifth volume of the laws of Penn-\\nsylvania, and a copy of the acts of the legislatures of Ohio, Ken-\\ntucky, and North Carolina had been received, and placed in the\\nlibrary of the legislature of this state.\\nAt the session of 1803, the secretary of council and clerk of\\nthe general assembly were directed by a resolution of both\\nhouses to have the laws of the United States and of this state,\\nand the journals of council and minutes of assembly, bound and\\nat the session of 1804, on the 26th of October, they reported\\nthat on examining the library they were able to find but one\\ncomplete set of the laws of this state, which they have had\\nbound that of the laws of the United States, five complete sets\\nwere found, which are also bound that of the journals of council,\\nsix sets, and of the minutes of assembly, eight sets, were com-\\npleted and bound. The binding is well executed, with good", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0350.jp2"}, "351": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n325\\nmaterials, and cost fifty cents per volume, or ten dollars alto-\\ngether.\\nIn 1 708, the laws and journals of congress, and the laws of\\nsister states received during the year, were deposited in the\\nlibrary of this state, and three hundred and forty-two copies of\\nthe laws of the United States delivered to the treasurer for dis-\\ntribution.\\nOctober 29th, 1813, Messrs. John Beatty, of Burlington, and\\nJoseph Falkenbridge, of Cape May, were appointed on the part\\nof council, and Jacob R. Hardenburgh, of Sussex, Mahlon Dick-\\nerson, of Morris, and Ephraim Bateman, of Cumberland, were\\nappointed a joint committee to examine the books and papers in\\nthe State Library, and report the same to the house, and make a\\ncatalogue of the same.\\nOn the 4th of February, 1813, the committee made the fol-\\nlowing report\\nThat on examining the State Library they are of opinion\\nthat to execute the duty assigned them will require more time\\nthan they can devote to it, and at the same time attend to their\\nother duties in the house; and your committee beg leave to sub-\\nmit the following\\nResolved, That Richard L. Beatty, the clerk of this house,\\nbe requested to cause the books in the State Library to be\\nassorted and placed in regular order on the shelves to inquire\\nfor and procure such books as may have been taken out of the\\nsame, and have them replaced in the library; and in cases\\nwhere any volume or volumes have been lost, of any regular set\\nof books, that he be authorized to procure others at the expense\\nof the state, and that he be paid for his services by this house.\\nOn the loth of February, 181 3, the first act of the legislature\\nwas passed by the house, entitled An act concerning the\\nState Library.\\nOctober 26th, 1814, Messrs. Samuel Bayard, of Somerset,\\nNicholas Mandeville, of Morris, and Robert M. Holmes, of\\nCape May, on the part of the house, and Messrs. Andrew\\nHowell, of Somerset, and Caleb Earl, of Burlington, on the\\npart of council, were appointed a committee to consider what\\nrules were necessary for the preservation of the library.\\n2e", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0351.jp2"}, "352": {"fulltext": "326 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nThis joint committee, on the 2d of November, reported the\\nfollowing\\nr. That during the recess of the legislature, the library be\\nconfided to the special care of the secretary of state, whose duty\\nit shall be not to suffer any book or books, pamphlets, maps,\\ncharts, or other documents to be taken therefrom, except by the\\ngovernor or one of the members of council while sitting as a\\nCourt of Errors and Appeals, from whom respectively some\\nmemorandum in writing, signed by the person taking a book or\\nother document from said library, be taken and reserved by said\\nsecretary until the book so taken be returned in like condition\\nas when delivered out.\\n2. That during the sitting of the legislature, every member\\nof the same desirous of a book or other document from said\\nlibrary is required to send or give a memorandum in writing\\ncontaining the title of the book or document wanted, and\\nsigned with his hand, to the door-keeper of council, who is\\nthereupon required to obtain such book or document, if in the\\nlibrary, for the person desiring the same, and to keep such\\nmemorandum until such book or document, if obtained, shall be\\nreturned.\\n3. That at the close of the session of each legislature, it shall\\nbe the duty of the president of council to call on the door-\\nkeeper of council to ascertain whether there are any books or\\ndocuments in the hands of either of the members of said\\nhouses not returned. And if such be the case, said president is\\nhereby authorized to take such measures as he may judge pru-\\ndent and advisable for effecting the return of said books or\\nother documents and for the service by these resolutions re-\\nquired, a compensation shall be allowed in the incidental bill.\\nJanuary I3tli, 181 5, the rules were considered by the house,\\nand amended by inserting the speaker of the house of assem-\\nbly after the words president of council, and also to add\\nto remind the members of their respective houses having\\nbooks belonging to the state to return the same prior to their\\nleaving the seat of the legislature, and on the iSth of January,\\nthe resolutions, as amended, were concurred in by council.\\nNovember i6th, 1822, the legislature passed an act providing", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0352.jp2"}, "353": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n327\\nfor the appointment annually, by joint meeting, of a suitable\\nperson as librarian of the two houses.\\nIn 1836, the law library was kept in the Supreme Court\\nroom, and in 1837 the legislature passed an act authorizing the\\nlibrarian to fit up a room adjoining the library, with appropriate\\nfixtures, for the reception of books and papers belonging to the\\nState Library,\\nThe following is a list of the state librarians from the formation\\nof the library to the present time.\\n1. Nov.\\n2. Oct.\\nOct.\\nOct.\\nNov.\\nOct.\\nNov.\\n3. Nov.\\nNov.\\nFeb.\\n4. Oct.\\nOct.\\nOct.\\nOct.\\n5. Oct.\\nOct.\\nOct.\\nOct.\\nOct.\\nOct.\\n6. Oct.\\n7. Feb.\\nJan.\\nJan.\\n8. Mar.\\n23, 1822.\\n31, 1823.\\n29, 1824.\\n28, 1825.\\n9, 1826.\\n26, 1827.\\n8, 1828.\\n6, 1829.\\n9, 1831.\\n27, 1833-\\n25 1833-\\n3i 1834.\\n30, 1835.\\n28, 1836.\\n27, 1837.\\n26, 1838.\\n25, 1839.\\n30, 1840.\\n2, 1841.\\n29, 1842.\\n27, 1843.\\nII, 1845.\\n29, 1846.\\n19, 1849.\\n26, 1852.\\n9. May 30, 1853.\\nFeb. I, 1854.\\nFeb. 19, 1857.\\nMar. 15, i860.\\nMar. II, 1863.\\n10. Feb. 21, 1866.\\nn. Mar, 25, 1869.\\nWilliam L. Prall, Esq., appointed in joint meeting.\\nCharles Parker, Esq.,\\nre-appointed\\nWilliam Boswell, Esq,, appointed\\nPeter Forman, Esq., appointed\\nre-appointed\\nCharles C. Yard, Esq., appointed\\nre-appointed\\nPeter Foi-man, Esq., appointed\\nWilliam DeHart, Esq., appointed\\nre-appointed\\nSylvester Vansickle, Esq., appointed\\n[Resigned in May, 1853.]\\nHon. Charles J. Ihrie, appointed by Governor Fort.\\nin joint meeting.\\nre-appointed\\nClarence J. Mnlford, Esq., appointed\\nJeremiah Dally, Esq.,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0353.jp2"}, "354": {"fulltext": "328 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nMarch 8th, 1798, the house passed an act entitled An act\\nto provide a house for the residence of the governor of this\\nState, and on the 9th it passed the council.\\nMarch 4th, 1801, Messrs. Benjamin Vancleve, of Hunterdon,\\nJonathan Bowen, of Cumberland, and John Hass, of Hunterdon,\\nwere appointed a committee to examine and report what repairs\\nwould be necessary to be done to the government house and\\nproperty, and on the 5th they reported that they had exam-\\nined the same, and were of opinion that provision ought to be\\nmade to make the said repairs. An estimate being made by a\\nworkman to answer the said purpose, amounting to forty pounds,\\nthe committee recommend an allowance to be made in the inci-\\ndental bill to the amount of one hundred dollars to answer the\\npurpose aforesaid.\\nBy order of the committee.\\nBenjamin Vancleve.\\nA bill was presented to the house on the 5th and passed on\\nthe 6th, and on the 7th it was passed by council.\\nOctober 29th, Messrs. John Dey, of Bergen, Amos Harrison,\\nof Essex, and Azel Pierson, of Cumberland, were appointed a\\ncommittee by the house to inquire what sums of money had been\\ndrawn from the treasury, for making the necessary repairs to the\\nhouse and lot now occupied by the governor, and also to in-\\nquire into and report the propriety of selling the same, and on\\nthe 3d of November they reported that the sum of ninety-seven\\ndollars and fifty-three cents had been drawn from the treasury\\nby Abraham Hunt, agreeably to the law passed the 7th day of\\nMarch, 1801, and that they deemed it improper at this time to\\nsell the government house.\\nAgain, on the 9th of November, a committee of both houses\\nwas appointed to settle with Abraham Hunt, and to report the\\nexpediency of selling the government house. On the 12th they\\nreported that Abraham Hunt had expended, in repairs to the\\ngovernment house, the sum of ninety-two dollars and eighty-\\nnine cents, which, together with commissions at five per centum,\\nmakes the sum of ninety-seven dollars and fifty-three cents, which\\nwas the sum drawn from the treasury.\\nAnd the committee further report, that, convinced of the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0354.jp2"}, "355": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\n329\\npropriety of having tlie governor, as well as the heads of depart-\\nments, to reside at the seat of government, the convenience\\nwhich will necessarily result to persons having business in chan-\\ncery, the immediate access which the executive at all times have,\\nand the frequent necessity of recurring to the public documents,\\nare of such importance, and we trust so obvious, that the legis-\\nlature will at all times hold out the inducement of a good and\\nconvenient house, for the immediate accommodation of the\\ngovernor. For the above reasons it is the opinion of your com-\\nmittee it would be inexpedient to sell the same at present.\\nBy order of the committee.\\nCharles Clark,\\nJohn Dey.\\nWhich report was adopted.\\nAgain, on the 8th of November, 1S02, a motion was made in\\nthe house for the appointment of a committee to inquire into\\nthe expediency of selling the government house, which was de-\\ncided in the negative.\\nFebruary i6th, 181 1, a resolution was again offered for the\\nappointment of a committee to inquire into the expediency of\\nselling the government house in the city of Trenton, which was\\nagreed to.\\nJanuary 23d, 181 7, a bill was presented to the house, author-\\nizing the sale of the government house and lot, in the city of\\nTrenton, and on the 12th of February, it was decided in the\\nnegative,\\nJanuary loth, 1818, the house passed a resolution appointing\\nMessrs. William Coxe, of Burlington, Robert McNeely of Hun-\\nterdon, and John S. Darcy, of Morris, a committee to inquire\\nif any, and what encroachments have been made upon the prop-\\nerty of the state, in the city of Trenton, and empowered them\\nto employ a surveyor, if in their opinion it was necessary to\\neffect the purpose of their appointment.\\nApril 2d, 1845, Samuel R. Gummere, Samuel R. Hamilton,\\nand Stacy A. Paxson were appointed commissioners to make\\nsale of the house and lot on Second street, in the city of Tren-\\nton, conveyed to the state of New Jersey by Moore Furman, by\\ndeed bearing date March 12th, 1798.\\n2e*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0355.jp2"}, "356": {"fulltext": "330 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nOn the 29th of February, 1804, the legislature passed an act\\nincorporating the Trenton Water Works, by the name of The\\nPresident and Directors of the Trenton Water Works.\\nThe original corporators were James Ewing, Peter Gordon,\\nThomas M. Potter, Gershom Craft, and Alexander Chambers.\\nJames Ewing was chosen the first president, and Peter Gordon\\nand Thomas M. Potter, directors.\\nThey were given authority to lay and extend their aqueduct\\nthrough such of the streets of the city as they may think neces-\\nsary, and to open and dig in such parts of said streets as may be\\nconvenient and necessary.\\nThey were, however, limited to having open not more than\\nfour rods at any one time, which should not be kept open more\\nthan six days, and it was to be filled up at the expense of the\\ncompany, and rendered as good and safe for travel as though\\nthe surface of the street had not been disturbed.\\nOn the 8th of February, 181 1, an act was passed to incorpo-\\nrate the proprietors of the Trenton Aqueduct Company. An-\\ndrew Reeder, Charles Rice, Stacy Potts, Joseph Broadhurst, and\\nPeter Howell were the original corporators.\\nThe object of this company was the supplying of the city of\\nTrenton with good and wholesome water. They were incorpo-\\nrated as The President and Directors of the Trenton Aqueduct\\nCompany. Andrew Reeder was chosen president; Charles\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Rice, treasurer, and Stacy Potts, Joseph Broadhurst, and Peter\\nHowell, directors.\\nTheir charter allowed them to open only four rods at a time\\nin any of the streets of the city, not to be kept open more\\nthan three days at a time, and to be filled up at the expense of\\nthe company, and to be rendered as good as if the same had not\\nbeen taken up and removed. They were not to lay their main\\ntrunk through the streets of Trenton upon the same level with\\nthe trunks of the present company of the Trenton Water Works,\\nbut either higher or lower, that they might not impede them in\\ncarrying off their cross trunks. The capital stock was not to\\nexceed three thousand dollars, and was to be appropriated ex-\\nclusively to the purpose of supplying the city of Trenton with\\ngood and wholesome water.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0356.jp2"}, "357": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. ^31\\nFebruary 29tli, 1S48, a company was incorporated for\\nmore effectually supplying the city of Trenton and borough of\\nSouth Trenton with water, with a capital stock of thirty thou-\\nsand dollars, with the privilege of increasing the same to fifty\\nthousand dollars. The stock was divided into shares of fifty\\ndollars each. The corporators were John McKelway, William\\nHalstead, Samuel McClurg, Charles Wright, Xenophon J. May-\\nnard, John Sager, and Alexander H, Armour.\\nThe corporation was called the Trenton and South Trenton\\nAqueduct Company.\\nThey were authorized to use the water of the Delaware river,\\nor the Assanpink creek, below the dam.\\nThey were not to take away, divert, or in any manner injure\\nor impair the supply of water in the fountains used by the Tren-\\nton Water Works Company.\\nThursday, March 2d, 1786, a petition from John Fitch was\\nread in the house, setting forth his proposal of applying the\\nforce of a steam engine to the use of navigation, by impelling\\nvessels to go through the water with considerable rapidity with-\\nout the assistance of wind or current, and many other useful\\njDurposes, and praying that a committee be appointed to\\nexamine his proposed plan, and grant him such encouragement,\\non the report of the committee, as his proposals may appear to\\ndeserve, which petition was dismissed, but on Thursday, March\\n19th, the bill entitled An act for granting and securing to John\\nFitch the sole right and advantage of making and employing\\nthe steamboat by him lately invented, for a limited time, was\\nintroduced, read a second time, debated, and ordered to be en-\\ngrossed for a third reading, and on the same day it passed the\\nhouse, thirty-three representatives voting in the affirmative, and\\none, (Mr. Jacob Terhune, of Bergen,) in the negative; and on\\nSaturday, the 18th of March, it was passed by the council.\\nOn the 3d of November, 1813, the legislature passed an act\\nconcerning steamboats, the preamble of which was set forth as\\nfollows\\nWhereas, the legislature of this state, in and by an act entitled\\nAn act for granting and securing to John Fitch the sole use", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0357.jp2"}, "358": {"fulltext": "332\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nand advantage of making and employing the steamboat by\\nhim lately invented, for a limited time/ passed at Tren-\\nton, on the iSth day of March, 1786; and in order to pro-\\nmote and encourage an improvement and discovery so useful,\\nand as a reward for his ingenuity, application, and diligence,\\ndid vest in the said John Fitch, his heirs, executors, adminis-\\ntrators, and assigns, the sole and exclusive right and privilege\\nof making and navigating boats impelled through the water\\nby force of fire or steam, in all waters within the territories\\nand jurisdiction of this state, for fourteen years then next to\\ncome which said John Fitch constructed a steamboat of con-\\nsiderable size, which ran on the river Delaware, through the\\nwater, at the rate of about four miles by the hour at least and\\nthe said John Fitch, having departed this life without having\\nreceived from his said exclusive right any adequate recom-\\npense or reward for his great expenses, ingenuity, application,\\nand diligence as contemplated by the law aforesaid and\\nwhereas, Gideon Hill Wells, of the city of Trenton, admin-\\nistrator of all and singular the goods and chattels rights, and\\ncredits, which were of the said John Fitch, by an instrument\\nof writing, under his hand and seal duly executed, hath\\ngranted, assigned, and conveyed unto Aaron Ogden, for good\\nand valuable consideration, all the right, title, and interest\\nwhich was derived, or which ought now to be derived, to the\\nsaid John Fitch, from the introduction of the improvements\\nbefore mentioned, c., c.\\nThe same privileges were conferred upon one Daniel Dodd, of\\nthis state, as had been previously conferred on John Fitch.\\nDecember 5th, 1823, an act was passed giving Edward Clark,\\nof Philadelphia, the privilege of navigating any or all of the\\nrapids in the river Delaware, between the bridge at Bloomsbury,\\nand the northwest corner of the state, the current of the river\\nto operate on water or paddle wheels, and any other apparatus\\nhe might deem it proper to employ, to propel boats against\\nrapids,\\nFriday, August 20th, 1784, a petition was presented to the\\nhouse of assembly from the inhabitants of Trenton and its vicin-\\nity, accompanied by a bill entitled An act for erecting part", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0358.jp2"}, "359": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n333\\nof the township of Nottingham, in the county of Burlington,\\nand part of the township of Trenton, in the county of Hunter\\ndon, into a city, and for incorporating the same by the name of\\nthe city of Trenton, and for declaring the same a free city and\\nport, for the terra of twenty-five years.\\nThis bill passed the house on Tuesday, November 15th, 1785,\\nand on Thursday, the 25th of February, 1786, the act was re-\\njected by the council.\\nThursday, March 2d, 1786, a petition from sundry inhabi-\\ntants of the townships of Nottingham and Trenton was pre-\\nsented to the house, praying that a part of the township of Tren-\\nton and a part of the township of Nottingham may have the\\nbenefit of a corporation, with the power of making by-laws for\\ntheir internal police and government; whereupon leave was\\ngiven them to present a bill agreeably to the prayer of their peti-\\ntion.\\nSaturday, March 4th, 1786, a petition from sundry inhabitants\\nof the township of Nottingham was presented to the house,\\npraying that if a charter of incorporation should be given to the\\ninhabitants of Trenton, the township of Nottingham may not\\nbe included, which was read and referred.\\nMay 23d, 1792, a petition from the inhabitants of Hopewell,\\nMaidenhead, and Trenton, in the county of Hunterdon, was\\nread, asking that a law might be passed for incorporating a\\nborough, to consist of the said townships, for the purpose of\\nholding courts, and establishing a gaol and court-house within\\nthe said borough.\\nAt the same session the inhabitants of Trenton presented a\\npetition, praying leave to present a bill to incorporate said town,\\nwhich was granted.\\nThe boundaries were as follows\\nBeginning at the mouth of Assanpink creek, and running up\\nthe same to Bernard Hanlon s mill-dam; from thence along the\\nroad to the line between Trenton and Maidenhead thence\\nalong the said line to the road leading from Trenton to Maiden-\\nhead thence on a straight line to the northwest corner of a lot\\nlate of David Brearley, deceased thence on a straight line to\\nthe northwest corner of the land of Lambert Cadwalader,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0359.jp2"}, "360": {"fulltext": "334\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nwhereon he now lives thence down the same to the mouth of\\nthe Assanpink creek aforesaid, being the place of beginning,\\nshall be distinguished, known, and called by the name of the\\ncity of Trenton.\\nA petition from a number of inhabitants of Trenton was also\\npresented, setting forth irregularities in the said town which\\nhave taken place by sundry riotous and disorderly persons, at\\nand near the Methodist meeting-house, and praying that some\\nmeasure may be taken to prevent such disorders in future;\\nwhereupon a bill was introduced, entitled An act to preserve\\norder and decency in places of worship, and on Wednesday,\\nMay 30th, 1792, the bill passed the house, and on Friday, June\\nist, it was rejected by the council.\\nThe bill to incorporate a part of the township of Trenton, in\\nthe county of Hunterdon, was taken up June ist, and rejected.\\nIt was again revived at the following session, and passed the\\nhouse November 5th of the same year, and on the 12th of the\\nsame month it was amended and passed by council, and on the\\n13th it passed the house, with the amendments made by council.\\nMay 20th, 1793, a petition was received in the house from\\nthe inhabitants of that part of the township of Trenton not\\nincluded within the corporation, praying that they may be set\\noff from the township of Trenton into a township to be known\\nby the name of the township of Independence. They were\\naccordingly allowed to bring in a bill for that purpose on the\\nthird Monday of the next sitting, they previously advertising\\nthe purport of said bill, with a copy of this order, in three of\\nthe most public places in the township of Trenton, and also for\\nthree weeks immediately preceding that time in the Trenton\\nnewspaper.\\nThe bill to create the township of Independence was taken up\\nJanuary 27th, 1794, when a remonstrance against it from the\\ncitizens of Trenton was read, but both parties agreed to submit\\nthe decision on the bill to the house whereupon, on the 31st of\\nthe same month, it was passed by that body, but on the nth of\\nFebruary it was rejected by council.\\nNovember 2d, 1796, a petition from a number of the citizens\\nof Trenton was presented to the house, praying leave to present", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0360.jp2"}, "361": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n335\\na bill to authorize the mayor, recorder, and aldermen to hold a\\ncourt of quarter sessions within the said city whereupon a bill\\nwas introduced, entitled An act to incorporate a part of the\\ntownship of Trenton,\\nJanuary loth, 1817, a petition from a number of inhabitants of\\nMill Hill and Bloomsbury, in the township of Nottingham, in\\nthe county of Burlington, was presented, praying to be incorpo-\\nrated with the city of Trenton.\\nAt the same time a remonstrance was presented by a number\\nof the inhabitants of said places against the same.\\nMarch 6th, 1850, an act was passed providing for the election\\nof a school superintendent and two trustees, and constituting\\nthe city of Trenton one school district.\\nMarch 18th, 1852, the fifth ward was erected.\\nFebruary i6th, 1854, an act was passed requiring the city clerk,\\ntreasurer, clerk of the markets, street commissioner, and mar-\\nshal to be elected by the people.\\nFebruary i8th, 1856, an act was passed authorizing the city\\nto purchase lands for a public square, for which purpose they\\nwere authorized to create a loan not exceeding fifty thousand\\ndollars, and to issue bonds payable in twenty years, said bonds\\nto bear interest at six per cent, per annum, and to be exempt\\nfrom city tax, and not to be sold at less than their par value.\\nMarch 6th, 1856, the sixth ward was erected from that part of\\nNottingham township designated by the name of Lamberton,\\nand the balance of the township of Nottingham was annexed to\\nand made a part of Hamilton township.\\nMarch nth, 1856, by joint resolution, the same privileges\\nAvere granted to the clergymen of Trenton to use the books and\\npapers belonging to the State Library as are enjoyed by the legal\\nprofession.\\nApril 2d, 1867, the seventh ward was erected, and embraces\\nall that part of the city which lies north and west of the Dela-\\nware and Raritan Canal and feeder.\\nFebruary 28th, 1840, the act creating the borough of South\\nTrenton was passed.\\nThe bounds were as follows: Beginning at the confluence of\\nthe Assanpink creek with the river Delaware, in the middle of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0361.jp2"}, "362": {"fulltext": "336 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nsaid creek; thence up the middle of said creek, the several\\ncourses thereof, to the middle of the Delaware and Raritan\\nCanal thence down the middle of said canal till it intersects\\nthe road running westwardly along the south side of the State\\nArsenal thence down the middle of said road to the end thereof,\\nand continuing in the same direction in a straight line to the\\nriver Delaware, and thence up the river Delaware, the several\\ncourses thereof, to the place of beginning. James M. Redmond,\\nwas appointed first chief burgess James H. Sims and Bailey A.\\nWest, assistant burgesses Marshal C. Holmes, high constable,\\nand Jacob B. James, borough clerk.\\nFebruary 25th, 1847, ^^t was passed giving the burgesses\\nthe like power, authority, and jurisdiction in all criminal mat-\\nters as the justices of the several counties.\\nMarch 19th, 1851, the borough of South Trenton Avas annexed\\nto Trenton, that part lying to the east of the line running up the\\nmiddle of Bloomsbury street, from the Assanpink bridge to its\\nintersection with the middle of Lamberton street, and thence\\nalong the middle of Lamberton street to the line of the town-\\nship of Nottingham, to be called the third ward, and that\\npart lying to the west to be called the fourth ward the ward\\ncalled the east ward was made the first ward, and the ward called\\nthe west ward, was made the second ward.\\nDecember 2d, 1801, the house resolved unanimously, that\\nthe members representing this state, in the congress of the United\\nStates, be and they are hereby requested, if congress should re-\\nsolve to move, for the purpose of better accommodation, from\\nthe city of Washington, to use their best efforts to procure their\\nremoval to the city of Trenton and they are hereby authorized\\nto proffer, in the name of this state, the State House and other\\npublic buildings belonging to the state for the use of congress\\nand their officers, for any length of time that the congress shall\\nwish to occupy them, and that his excellency, the governor, be\\nrequested to transmit a copy of this resolution to the members\\nof congress from this state, to be used by them as occasion may\\noffer.\\nThe same day it was passed by the council.\\nNovember 4th, 1802, a petition was received from sundry", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0362.jp2"}, "363": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n337\\ninhabitants of Trenton, stating further objections to the election\\nheld in said township, and praying to be heard before the house,\\nwhich was referred to the committee of elections, and on the\\ni6th they reported, that in the petitions against the election\\nin Maidenhead, three objections are stated, viz.\\nist. That citizens of Philadelphia voted.\\n2d. That mirried women voted.\\n3d. That votes were given by proxy.\\nAs to the first point, your committee are of opinion it was\\nnot supported.\\nAs to the second point, it appeared to your committee that\\na married woman voted, whose husband had left her for several\\nyears, and she had retaken her former name, and under that\\nname she voted and paid taxes.\\nAs to the third point, it was proved to your committee that\\ntwo votes were given in by proxy, and that this practice had\\nheretofore taken place in this township.\\nThat in the petitions and memorial against the election in\\nthe township of Trenton, eight objections are stated\\nist. That the poll was improperly moved.\\n2d. That the judge received votes in the open street from\\ncarriages.\\n3d. That persons under age voted.\\n4th. That non-residents voted.\\n5 th. That negroes and actual slaves voted.\\n6th. That aliens voted.\\n7th. That persons not worth fifty pounds voted.\\n8th. That married women voted.\\nThat in the opinion of your committee the first point was\\nnot supported. That as to the second point, the taking of votes\\nin the street from carriages, your committee considering how\\nmuch the practice may be abused, are of opinion that it was\\nirregular, if not unlawful.\\nThey further report, that it appeared to your committee that\\nthis practice had heretofore, in certain places, prevailed at elec-\\ntions in Trenton.\\nThat at the late election no objection was made to the mode,\\nbut that voters of all kinds, without regard to any political differ-\\n2f", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0363.jp2"}, "364": {"fulltext": ";^^S HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nence of opinion, presented votes on that mode and your com-\\nmittee further report, that as far as such a mode of election cotild\\nbe, it was conducted by the judge and inspectors with fairness\\nand correctness, the votes being received singly, in .open view,\\nand openly conveyed to the box.\\nThat as to the six other points, your committee decided, at\\ntie hearing, that they would receive no evidence of such unlaw-\\nful votes being admitted unless they were challenged, or unless\\nthe judge and inspectors knew the votes to be unlawful.\\nYour committee being of opinion that unless the voter was-\\nchallenged, or they knew him to be unlawful, the law compels\\nthe judge and inspectors to put the ballot in the box.\\nYour committee further report, that no evidence was offered\\nto them of the judge and inspectors knowingly receiving unlaw-\\nful votes, which were not challenged and as to the votes which\\nwere challenged, your committee report, that the evidence\\noffered does not warrant them to sa} that improper decisions\\ntook place.\\nYour coriimittee are unanimously of opinion that it is not\\nexpedient, and would not tend to the public good to set aside\\nthe elections in the townships of Maidenhead and Trenton.\\nBy order of the committee.\\nFrederick Frelinghuysen.\\nWhich report was sustained by the house.\\nOctober 29th, 1802, a petition was presented from a number\\nof citizens and electors of the county of Hunterdon, stating-\\nillegal proceedings had at the late annual election in the county\\nof Hunterdon.\\nAt the assembling of the legislature, February ist, 1804, the\\nfollowing message, a model for brevity, was communicated to the\\nhouse by the governor\\nFebrruary I St, 1S04.\\nOn the 17th of December last, I received from the president\\nof the United States an attested copy of An article of aroeud-\\nments proposed by congress, to be added to the constitution of\\nthe United States, respecting the election of president and vice\\npresident, and which is submitted to the consideration of the\\nlegislature of the state of New Jersey.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0364.jp2"}, "365": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON. 339\\nThe late revised laws of the state of New York, and a large\\nmap of the states, have been presented by the legislature thereof,\\nand are herewith delivered.\\nJoseph Bloomfield.\\nFebruary 6th, 1804, a petition was presented to the house\\nfrom a committee of the Trenton Resolution Fire Company,\\npraying the house, as guardians of the public property of the\\nstate within the city of Trenton and its vicinity, to assist them\\nin procuring an engine and other implements necessary to extin-\\nguish fires.\\nOn the 14th of November, 1804, the Trenton and New Bruns-\\nwick Turnpike Company was chartered.\\nThe original corporators were James Ewing, Joshua Wright,\\nJohn Neilson, James Schuremann, and Thomas Hill.\\nThe road was to be four rods wide from Trenton to New\\nBrunswick, and they were to give security to the governor to\\npay the subscription money received by them to the treasurer\\nof the company, and to be paid by the company for their ser-\\nvices.\\nThe subscriptions were two thousand shares, of one hundred\\ndollars each, five dollars to be paid on each share at the time of\\nsubscribing.\\nJanuary 27th, 1814, the council passed the bill to incorporate\\nthe Trenton and New Brunswick Turnpike Company, and on\\nthe 28th it passed the house.\\nSundry petitions from a number of the citizens of Trenton\\nand elsewhere were also presented to the house, praying, for\\nreasons therein set forth, for a law authorizing a lottery for the\\npurpose of removing the obstructions in the river Delaware,\\nbetween Duck Island and the Pennsylvania shore and on the\\n28th a bill was introduced in the house for that purpose, and on\\nthe 4th of November the bill was dismissed.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0365.jp2"}, "366": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XIX.\\nThe Old Jail State Bank Trenton Aqueduct Company War\\nof 1 812 Trenton Library Company Mayor s Court Maun-\\nfactu,ring Companies Mercer Cemetery Riverview Cemetery\\nTemperance Beneficial Society Trenton Insu? ance Company\\nEvangelical Reformed Church TrentoJi Monument Associa-\\ntion Nottingham Schools.\\nIN 1808 the old jail was converted into the banking-house of\\nthe Trenton Banking Company, and on the-22d of Novem-\\nber of that year the legislature passed an act empowering the\\nmayor, recorder, and aldermen of the city, or either of them, to\\nconfine violators of the law in the work-house, which was at that\\ntime being erected on Academy street, declaring the same to be\\nthe common gaol of the city, the keeper of which was to be ap-\\npointed by common council.\\nNo magistrate was allowed to commit any offender to said city\\nprison or work-house.\\nBy this act the mayor, recorder, and aldermen were empow-\\nered as justices of the peace for the city, and their territorial\\njurisdiction was made to extend to the city of Trenton only.\\nOn the 28th of January, 181 2, an act was passed establishing\\nstate banks at Trenton, New Brunswick, Elizabeth, Newark, and\\nMorris.\\nStacy Potts, Peter Gordon, Charles Rice, William Scott, and\\nJohn R. Smith were the corporators of the state bank in this\\ncity. They, in connection with Ellett Tucker, Reuben D\\nTucker, Lucius Horatio Stockton, Evan Evans, Edward Yard,\\nWilliam Wood, Philip F. Howell, James J. Wilson, and Abner\\nReeder, were appointed the first directors.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0366.jp2"}, "367": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n341\\nThey were not allowed to issue notes of a less denomination\\nthan three dollars.\\nOn the ist of November, 1813, an act was passed allowing\\nthem to issue notes of a denomination not less than one dollar.\\nOn the 27th of March, 1845, ^^t was passed to extend the\\ncharter of the State Bank at Trenton for the purpose of enabling\\nthem to close up and settle its affairs. Twelve years were given\\nthem from the 28th of January, 1842.\\nDuring the extension they were privileged to issue any bills of\\ncredit, bank bills, or other circulation of money, by loan or\\notherwise, in the form or style of banking business, in order to\\nenable them to finally close up the concern.\\nOctober 26th, 18 10, a petition was presented from a number\\nof citizens of Trenton, praying for permission to bring in a bill\\nto incorporate the proprietors of the Trenton Aqueduct Com-\\npany whereupon a bill was presented for that purpose.\\nOn the ist of November, remonstrance was presented against\\nthe same from the president and directors of the Trenton Water\\nWorks, praying that the legislature would not incorporate said\\ncompany. On the 29th of January, 181 1, it passed the house,\\nwas sent to the council, by them amended and passed, reported\\nback to the house, and on the 8th of February passed with the\\namendments.\\nOn the loth of April, 181 2, congress passed an act to author-\\nize a detachment from the militia of the United States of one\\nhundred thousand men, and on the 15th of April the president\\ncalled upon the executive of this state to take eifectual measures\\nfor having five thousand of the militia of this state, being her\\nquota, detached and duly organized and properly armed and\\nequipped for actual service, and on the 25 th the commander-in-\\nchief issued his order to that effect, requiring them to be ready\\nto march whenever called upon.\\nWar having been declared between the United States and the\\nkingdom of Great Britain and the dependencies thereof since\\nthat time, it became the duty of the legislature of this state to\\nput the state into the best posture for aiding in protecting the\\ncountry and carrying on the war. The militia were to be pre-\\npared for actual seryice by their state governments respectively.\\n2f*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0367.jp2"}, "368": {"fulltext": "342 HISTORY OF TREN70N.\\nFive hundred men were called into active service immediately^\\nand provision was at once made for arming and equipping one\\nthousand men.\\nFebruary 17th, 1813, a petition was presented to the house\\nfrom a number of the stockholders of the Trenton Library\\nCompany, praying permission to erect a house on a part of the\\ngovernment lot, for the purpose of using the same as a library\\nroom, which petition was referred to Messrs. William Potts, of\\nHunterdon, Thomas H. Hughes, of Cape May, and Silas Con-\\ndit, of Essex, with leave to report by bill or otherwise.\\nThe committee presented a bill, and on the 19th it passed the\\nhouse unanimously, and on the 20th it passed council.\\nThe si/e of this building was not to exceed twenty feet in\\nwidth by thirty feet in depth.\\nOn the 28th of January, 181 7, an act was passed giving the\\nmayor, recorder, and aldermen of the city of Trenton the\\npower and authority of justices of the peace (for the time being)\\nof the state of New Jersey, and the mayor, recorder, and alder-\\nmen, or any three of them, of whom the mayor or recorder were\\nto be one, were to constitute a court of general quarter sessions\\nof the peace of the city of Trenton, with all the powers, author-\\nity, and jurisdiction within the said city of Trenton, except the\\ngranting of tavern licenses, and excepting, also, the hearing and\\ndetermining of appeals in pauper cases with which the several\\ncourts of general quarter sessions of the peace of the several\\ncounties of this state are or may be vested.\\nThe former was left to the common council, and the latter to\\nthe overseer of the poor.\\nThis court was termed The Court of General Quarter Ses-\\nsions of the Peace of the city of Trenton.\\nIt was a court of record, and held four sessions in each year,\\non the second Tuesday of the months of April, July, Septem-\\nber, and January, with power to adjourn from day to day, and\\nto hold special sessions when the mayor, recorder, and aldermen\\nshould deem such special sessions necessary.\\nThe clerk of the city was clerk of said court, performed the\\nsame duties, and was erititled to receive the same fees and emolu-\\nments, and subject to the like penalties and forfeitures as the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0368.jp2"}, "369": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n343\\nclerks of the courts of general quarter sessions of the peace of\\nthe several counties of this state.\\nOn the 28th of February, 1835, the Assanpink Manufacturing\\nCompany, for the manufacture of cotton or woolen cloth, or\\nboth, was incorporated.\\nIts incorporators were Philemon Dickinson, Lewis Wain,\\nWilliam Grant, William Wain, and Thomas J. Stryker.\\nThe capital stock of the company was three hundred thou-\\nsand dollars, divided in shares of one hundred dollars each.\\nMarch 5th, 1836, the Union Manufacturing Company, for the\\npurpose of manufacturing, bleaching, or printing articles of\\nwhich cotton, flax, or wool were the principal parts, was incor-\\nporated.\\nDr. John McKelway, Thomas J. Stryker, and Xenophon J.\\nMaynard were the incorporators.\\nThe capital stock was three hundred thousand dollars, divided\\nin shares of one hundred dollars each.\\nMarch 9th, 1836, the Trenton Silk Manufacturing Company\\nwas chartered, with a capital stock not exceeding one hundred\\nthousand dollars, divided in shares of fifty dollars each.\\nThe corporators were John Titus, John Mershon, William P.\\nSherman, Benjamin Chapman, Zachariah Rossell, and George\\nMiller.\\nOn the same day the Phoenix Manufacturing Company, for\\nthe purpose of manufacturing cotton, wool, and flax, and dye-\\ning, printing, and bleaching the same, was incorporated, with a\\ncapital stock of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, in shares\\nof one hundred dollars each.\\nFebruary 4th, 1837, the Trenton Flax Company was incor-\\nporated, for the purpose of dressing, bleaching, and manufactur-\\ning flax, with a capital stock of fifty thousand dollars, divided in\\nshare of fifty dollars each.\\nIts corporators were Charles Green, Ralph H. Shreve, and\\nJohn R. Dill.\\nMarch 3d, 1837, the Delaware Manufacturing Company was\\nincorporated, for the purpose of manufacturing, bleaching, and\\nprinting articles of which cotton, flax, and wool are the principal\\nparts, with a capital stock of three hundred thousand dollars, in\\nshares of one hundred dollars each.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0369.jp2"}, "370": {"fulltext": "244 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nThe corporators were Dr. John McKelway, Benjamin Coates,\\nand Charles Wurts.\\nOn the 24th of February, 1838, an act was passed to incor-\\nporate the Mercer Cemetery Company.\\nThe corporators were Elisha Gordon, Ogden D. Wilkinson,\\nCrispin Blackfan, Thomas Slack, Charles C. Yard, John D.\\nHester, Andrew Allison, Enoch W. Green, Henry N. Barton,\\nDavid Witherup, Joseph Witherup, Charles Hunt, Thomas Gor-\\ndon, Jasper Scott, James T. Clarke, and John A. Hutchinson.\\nMr. Jacob M. Taylor (now deceased) having, sometime in the\\nyear 1857, conceived the idea of erecting a cemetery on the high\\nlands in the southern part of the city, and at that time owning\\nan undivided half of about twenty-six acres, partly on the low\\nand partly on the high lands, submitted his views to a number\\nof gentlemen, when, on the i6th of January, 1858, a preliminary\\nagreement was signed by Jacob M. Taylor, John R. Smith, Isaac\\nStephens, William M. Force, William S. Yard, and David With-\\nerup to take what had been purchased by Mr. Taylor, and use\\ntheir endeavors to purchase more, all to be vested in Jacob M.\\nTaylor, until a sufficient quantity was obtained and a charter pro-\\ncured from the legislature an application was made, and finally\\npassed and approved February 26th, 1858, with the privilege to\\nhold fifty acres of land. The charter was accepted by the cor-\\nporators on the I St day of May, 1858.\\nThe work of fencing, laying out, grading, and planting trees\\nwas then commenced, and the first lot was sold to the lamented\\nCaptain William E. Hunt, on the 2 2d of February, 1859 at the\\ndate of this notice, May ist, 1871, there are about eight hundred\\nlot owners.\\nThe cemetery embraces about thirty acres, twenty-five of which\\nare on the high lands, and is represented by fifteen hundred shares\\nof stock at twenty dollars each, being about one thousand dol-\\nlars per acre, with all its improvements. The stock is now held\\nby sixteen persons.\\nFebruary 26th, 1838, the Trenton Gas and Insurance Com-\\npany was chartered.\\nThe commissioners appointed to open books of subscription", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0370.jp2"}, "371": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n345\\nwere Isaac Southard, Joseph Wood, Benjamin Fish, Joshua Hol-\\nlinshead, and Zachariah Rossell.\\nThe first directors were Lewis P. Higbee, John Titus, Samuel\\nMcClurg, Joseph Wood, Joshua Hollinshead, Zachariah Rossell,\\nJacob Kline, Philemon Dickinson, and William Grant.\\nThe capital stock was one hundred and fifty thousand dollars,\\nwith power to increase it to three hundred thousand dollars,\\ndivided into shares of fifty dollars each.\\nThey were authorized to effect insurance on all kinds of prop-\\nerty, as well as insurance upon the lives of persons, and to grant\\nannuities.\\nThey were also empowered to engage in the manufacture of\\ngas, and dispose of the same to the city of Trenton and indivi-\\nduals, and all incorporated or other companies who might desire\\nthe same, and to carry their pipes through any of the streets of\\nthe city.\\nMarch 9th, 1839, an act was passed allowing them to erect a\\nreservoir, in or near the city, for the purpose of supplying the\\ninhabitants of Trenton, Bloomsbury and Mill Hill with good\\nand wholesome water, provided they did not take their water\\ndirectly or indirectly from the spring or fountain of the president\\nand directors of the Trenton Water Works.\\nFebruary 23d, 1843, ^.n act was passed incorporating the Mer-\\ncer Cemetery at Trenton.\\nThe corporators were Charles C. Yard, Joseph C. Potts, Samuel\\nLloyd, Alexander H. Armour, David Witherup, and Joseph A.\\nYard.\\nThis is the present Mercer Cemetery on Clinton street and\\nthe Assanpink creek.\\nFebruary 26th, 1839, the Nottingham Manufacturing Company\\nwas incorporated.\\nThe amount of capital stock was not to exceed two hundred\\nthousand dollars.\\nThe company was incorporated to manufacture silk, cotton,\\nwool, hemp, and twine.\\nThe corporators were George W. Halsted, John Whittaker,\\nJames Perkins, William Stevens, Zachariah Rossell, William\\nHalsted, and James S. Green.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0371.jp2"}, "372": {"fulltext": "346 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nMarch 2d, 1841, the Temperance Beneficial Society .vas incor-\\nporated.\\nThe corporators were David Milledge, Henry Pierson, Thomas\\nMacPherson, Obadiah Howell, Jr., Thomas Gand) Daniel B.\\nColeman, Franklin S. Mills, Andrew Newton, Amos Hutchin-\\nson, and Charles C. Yard.\\nTheir clear yearly income was not to exceed two thousand\\ndollars.\\nMarch 2d, 1842, the Trenton Insurance Company was incor-\\nporated.\\nIts capital stock was one hundred thousand dollars, divided in\\nshares of one hundred dollars each.\\nThe first directors were James M. Redmond, Jacob Kline,\\nPhilemon Dickinson, Thomas J. Stryker, Benjarnin Fish, Charles\\nG. Green, Crispin Blackfan, Richard J. Bond, John Whittaker,\\nIsaac Baker, Emley Olden, John B. Mount, and James T. Sher-\\nman.\\nThey were to insure houses and other buildings and personal\\nproperty against loss or damage by fire.\\nMarch 4th, 1842, the New England Manufacturing Company\\nof South Trenton was incorporated for the purpose of manufac-\\nturing, bleaching, and printing all goods of which cotton or\\nother fibrous materials form a part.\\nThe capital stock was five hundred thousand dollars, the shares\\nto be divided as the proprietors might think fit.\\nThe corporators were Stephen Hansen, David S. Brown, John\\nH. Shortridge, Thomas J. Stryker, William Grant, John C. Ben-\\nson, Benjamin Fish, Joseph C. Potts, and William R. Hansen.\\nMarch 8th, 1842, an act was passed for the relief of the Evan-\\ngelical Reformed Church of the city of Trenton.\\nOn the 9th of March, 1836, this church was incorporated\\nunder the general act to incorporate trustees of religious socie-\\nties, as the First Evangelical Reformed Church of Trenton.\\nAt that time it was united to the synod of the German Re-\\nformed Church in the United States, but dissolving its connec-\\ntion with that body in 1842, they made application, and obtained\\nthe above special act, giving them the privilege of obtaining a\\nnew certificate of incorporation from the clerk of the county.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0372.jp2"}, "373": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n)47\\nOn Ihe 8th of March, 1841, the Trenton Monument Associa-\\ntion was chartered.\\nIts corporators were Garret D. Wall, William Pennington,\\nMahlon Dickinson, Joseph W. Scott, Robert D. Spencer, Peter\\nD. Vroom, Joseph C. Hornblower, Isaac H. Williamson, Robert\\nF. Stockton, Philemon Dickinson, Dudley S. Gregory, Robert\\nG. Johnson, Henry W. Green, Stacy G. Potts, and Charles\\nPurroughs.\\nThis company was chartered for the purpose of erecting a\\nmonument at Trenton to commemorate the victory obtained by\\nthe revolutionary army under the command of General Wash-\\nington, on the 26th of December, 1776.\\nGarret D. Wall, Joseph C. Hornblower, and Henry W.\\nGreen were empowered to call the first meeting of the corpora-\\ntion by giving twenty days notice in a newspaper printed in the\\ncity of Trenton, and in one printed in the city of Newark.\\nMarch 13th, 1844, the Trenton Improvement Company was\\nincorporated, to manufacture such articles as were not prohibited\\nby the laws of this state.\\nThe object of this company was to purchase property and\\nerect a manufactory along the stream called Petty s run.\\nThe capital stock was to be two hundred thousand dollars, to\\nbe paid in gold or silver coin, or current bank notes.\\nThey were not to go into operation until one-fourth of the\\ncapital stock was subscribed and paid in.\\nNo part of the capital stock could be employed or used,\\ndirectly or indirectly, for banking purposes.\\nThe incorporators were Edwin A. Douglass, Joseph C. Potts,\\nMoreau Delano, William P. Sherman, and William H. Potts.\\nMarch 15th, 1844, an act was passed for the establishment of\\npublic schools in the township of Nottingham, in the county of\\nMercer.\\nThe inhabitants of the township were authorized to raise, at\\ntheir annual town meetings, any sum of money not exceeding\\nsix hundred dollars, for the support of common schools in said\\ntOAvnship.\\nThey were to elect five persons, inhabitants of said towhship,\\nas trustees, to serve for one year after their election, to have-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0373.jp2"}, "374": {"fulltext": "548\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nentire charge and control of the public schools within the town-\\nship.\\nIn case the amount of money raised was found to be insuf-\\nficient for the support of the schools, the trustees were author-\\nized to assess upon each scholar such sum of money not exceed-\\ning one dollar per quarter as might be found necessary, but they\\nwere authorized to remit the whole, or part, upon such scholar\\nor scholars as circumstances might in their opinion require.\\nMarch ist, 1849, ^^t was passed giving the inhabitants\\npower to raise, at their annual town meetings, any sum of money\\nthey may think proper, not exceeding three thousand dol-\\nlars, for the purchase of land and erection of school-houses, and\\nfor the establishment and maintenance of common schools in the\\ntownship.\\nThey were also empowered to elect four trustees, who, with\\nthe town superintendent, were to have the entire charge and con-\\ntrol of the public schools within the said township.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0374.jp2"}, "375": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XX.\\nTrenton Iron Company Trenton Mutual Life and Tire Insurance\\nCompany Trenton Gas Light Company Union Health Insur-\\nance Company Trenton and Lehigh Transportation Company\\nPacific Mutual Insurance Company Locomotive VVorJzs\\nWidows Home Patent Promoting Company Trenton Boat\\nand Dockyard Co?7ipany Horse Railroad City Bridge\\nUnion Industi ial Home Association Masonic Hall Associa-\\ntion.\\nAPRIL 15th, 1846, Peter Cooper was authorized to construct\\na railroad from his basin on the Delaware and Raritan\\nCanal, in the township of Nottingham, upon any public road or\\nother land over which he has or may have the right of way, by\\nthe best and most eligible route, to his rolling-mill, on the race-\\nway of the Trenton water-power, provided the same does not\\ninterfere with the ordinary travel upon any road.\\nFebruary i6th, 1847, the Trenton Iron Company was incor-\\nporated, for the purpose of manufacturing iron and other com-\\nmodities and articles of which iron formed a principal part, and\\nfor the transaction of such business as may be properly con-\\nnected therewith.\\nThe capital stock was five hundred thousand dollars, in shares\\nof one hundred dollars each, the mills and manufactories to be\\nlocated in the borough of South Trenton.\\nThe corporators were Peter Cooper, James Hall, Edward\\nCooper, and Abram S. Hewitt.\\nMarch 25th, 1852, their capital stock was increased to one\\nmillion dollars, and that part of the act which confined the mills.\\n2g", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0375.jp2"}, "376": {"fulltext": "3^o HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nand manufactories to the borough of South Trenton was re-\\npealed.\\nFebruary 7th, 1854, the capital stock was increased to two\\nmillions of dollars.\\nFebruary 5th, 1847, the Trenton Mutual Life and Fire Insur-\\nance Company was incorporated for the purpose of insuring all\\nkinds of property from loss by fire, and to insure the lives of\\nindividuals.\\nThe corporators were Philemon Dickinson, Xenophon J. May-\\nnard, John A. Weart, Jasper S. Scudder, Joseph C. Potts, Jona-\\nthan Fisk, and Eli Morris.\\nFebruary 19th, 1847, the Trenton Gas Light Company was\\nincorporated for thirty years.\\nThe capital stock was one hundred thousand dollars, in shares\\nof twenty dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Xenophon J. Maynard, Gregory A. Per-\\ndicaris, John A, Weart, Jesper Harding, and Joseph C. Potts.\\nFebruary 2 2d, 1849, the Union Health Insurance Company\\nwas incorporated, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars, in\\nshares of twenty-five dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Joseph G. Brearley, Philip S. Phillips,\\nJonathan Fisk, Benjamin V/. Titus, Elias Cook, John B. Ander-\\nson, and Joseph C. Potts.\\nFebruary 28th, 1849, the Trenton and Lehigh Transportation\\nCompany, for the purpose of transporting goods, wares, and\\nmerchandise to and from White Haven, in the state of Pennsyl-\\nvania, to the cities of Philadelphia and New York and all inter-\\nmediate places, was incorporated.\\nElias Cook, Jonathan Fish, and Jonathan Cook were the incor-\\nporators.\\nThe vessels and barges, eleven in number, constituted the\\ncapital stock of the company, and said stock was to be divided\\ninto shares of one hundred dollars each.\\nThe company were authorized from time to time to increase\\ntheir capital stock to an amount not exceeding fifty thousand\\ndollars. The office and records were to be kept in the city of\\nTrenton.\\nFebruary 19th, 185 1, the Pacific Mutual Insurance Company,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0376.jp2"}, "377": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n351\\nfor insuring houses and other buildings and merchandise against\\nloss or damage by fire, was incorporated.\\nIts capital stock was two hundred and fifty thousand dollars,\\nin shares of fifty dollars each.\\nJohn F. Hageman, Xenophon J. Maynard, Philemon Dickin-\\nson, and William A. Ingham were appointed commissioners.\\nFebruary 19th, 1851, the Temperance Hall Assaciation was\\nincorporated, with a capital stock of ten thousand dollars\\nJacob S. Yard, John A. Hutchinson, James Hamilton, Joseph\\nG. Brearley, Xenophon J. Maynard, Joseph Hannum, Theodore\\nL. Cuyler, Charles T. Allaire, Charles B. Smith, Herbert F. Yard,\\nCharles Skelton, John D. Hester, Samuel H. Lake, Richard\\nThomas, Reuben Groves, Peter Obert, and Henry B. Howell\\nwere the first corporators.\\nMarch 3d, 1854, the Trenton Locomotive and Machine Manu-\\nfacturing Company was incorporated, with a capital stock of one\\nhundred thousand dollars, in shares of five hundred dollars each.\\nIts corporators were Aaron H. Vancleve, William R. McKean,\\nIsaac Dripps, and Joseph C. Potts.\\nThey were incorporated for the manufacture of locomotives,\\nsteam engines, railroad cars, trucks, carriages, and other vehicles.\\nTheir charter gave them the privilege of increasing their capi-\\ntal stock to two hundred thousand dollars.\\nFebruary 6th, 1855, the Merchants Transportation Company\\nwas incorporated, to carry freight on their vessels through the\\nDelaware and Raritan Canal, between the city of Trenton and\\nthe cities of New York and Philadelphia.\\nThe vessels and other property of said company constituted\\ntheir capital stock.\\nThomas J. Stryker, William G. Cook, and Jonathan S. Fish\\nwere the corporators.\\nFebruary 19th, 1855, the Indigent Widows and Single\\nWomen s Home Society of Trenton was incorporated.\\nSubscription to the funds of the same, to the amount of three\\ndollars annually, constitutes membership in the association.\\nThe object is to provide a home for destitute females.\\nMarch 3d, 1855, the Trenton Oil Cloth Manufacturing Com-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0377.jp2"}, "378": {"fulltext": "352\\nHISTORY OF TRENTON.\\npany was incorporated, with a capital of one hundred thousand\\ndollars.\\nThey were empowered to carry on the manufacture of oil\\ncloths, from the lightest to the heaviest fabrics, in all their varie-\\nties, whether for floor, furniture, carriage, or other coverings.\\nThe incorporators were B. W. Titus, Isaac V. Brown, X. J.\\nMaynard, T. Abbott, and Joshua Jones.\\nMarch 6th, 1857, the Trenton Patent Promoting Company\\nwas incorporated for the manufacture and sale of such articles as\\nthey may have the right, or may hereafter secure the right of\\nmanufacturing under any patents, as well as such articles of\\nwood, metal, iron, or minerals as may be advantageously con-\\nnected therewith.\\nThe capital stock was not to exceed two hundred and fifty\\nthousand dollars, divided into shares of fifty dollars each.\\nThe corporators were William I. Shreve, William H. Inskeep,\\nJohn D. Lloyd, William Howe, and John W. Murphy.\\nFebruary 4th, 1858, the Trenton Boat and Dockyard Com-\\npany was incorporated, for the purpose of carrying on the busi-\\nness of building, constructing, altering, and repairing boats or\\nvessels, and erecting and constructing buildings, basins, and such\\nother improvements on their lands as may be useful or necessary\\nfor the purpose aforesaid.\\nThe capital stock was fifteen thousand dollars, divided into\\nshares of twenty dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Garret Schenck, William H. Norcross,\\nThomas P. Johnston, William I. Shreve, and Robert C. Belville.\\nFebruary 21st, 1858, the Union Manufacturing Company was\\nincorporated, for the purpose of manufacturing, casting, and\\nworking iron and other metals, and erecting and constructing\\nsuch buildings on their lands as may be useful or necessary for\\nthe purposes aforesaid.\\nThe corporators were Liscomb R. Titus, John Valentine, Wil-\\nliam Howe, William I. Shreve, and J. Weigand Lloyd.\\nThe capital stock was seventy-five thousand dollars, divided\\ninto shares of fifty dollars each.\\nFebruary 26th, 1858, the Riverview Cemetery Company was\\nincorporated.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0378.jp2"}, "379": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nZ^^^\\nThe incorporators were Isaac Stephens, John K. Smith, Wil-\\nliam S. Yard, and David Witherup.\\nMarch 8th, 1859, the name of the Trenton Monument Associ-\\nation was changed to that of the New Jersey Monument Associ-\\nation, and a large number of corporators were added from every\\ncounty in the state.\\nMarch 8th, 1859, the Trenton China Company was incorpo-\\nrated, for manufacturing and selling porcelain, china, chemicals,\\ndrugs, and other articles of which clay, sand, and other earthy\\nsubstances form the basis or principal ingredients.\\nThe capital stock was fifty thousand dollars, divided into\\nshares of fifty dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Isaac Stephens, Joseph Whittakery\\nGeorge James, Jesse M. Clark, and Albert J, Whittaker.\\nMarch 9th, 1859, the Trenton Horse Railroad Company was\\nincorporated, with a capital stock of thirty thousand dollars,\\nwith privilege to increase the same to one hundred thousand\\ndollars, and to be divided into shares of twenty-five dollars each.\\nThe incorporators were Timothy Field, Robert Aitken, Wil-\\nliam M. Force, Lewis Perrine, Thomas P. Johnston, Jonathan\\nS. Fish, Charles Moore, Joseph Whittaker, and James T. Sher-\\nman.\\nMarch 15th, 1859, by an act of the legislature, John Kirk-\\nbride, Mahlon Kirkbride, James H. Farrand, John Hendrick-\\nson, David Taylor, Elisha Reeves, and Mahlon Moon, of the\\nstate of Pennsylvania, and Thomas J. Stryker, John L. Taylor,\\nWilliam A. West, Thomas P. Johnston, Barker Gummere, Greg-\\nory A. Perdicaris, and Jonathan Steward, of the state of New\\nJersey, were appointed commissioners to receive subscriptions to\\nthe capital stock of the Trenton City Bridge Company, in the\\nplace of the commissioners theretofore appointed^for that pur-\\npose.\\nMarch 17th, 1858, the name of the Trenton Patent Promoting\\nCompany was changed to the Mercer Manufacturing Company.\\nFebruary 14th, i860, the Excelsior Iron Manufacturing Com-\\npany was incorporated, for the purpose of carrying on a general\\nmanufacture of all articles of which iron or steel formed the\\nprincipal part.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0379.jp2"}, "380": {"fulltext": "254 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nThe corporators were Thomas P. Johnston, Orrin Waterman,\\nJames S. Lynch, J. Harris Cogill, James L. Gibson, Edward T.\\nGreen, and Joseph D. Hall.\\nThe capital stock was twenty thousand dollars, with power to\\nincrease the same to the sum of fifty thousand dollars, divided\\ninto shares of fifty dollars each.\\nFebruary 21st, i860, the Union Industrial Home Association\\nfor destitute children of Trenton, New Jersey, was incorporated,\\nthe object of which is to provide and sustain a home for desti-\\ntute children, and to afford them the advantages of moral and\\nreligious training.\\nThe corporators were Mrs. Caroline E. Roney, Mrs. Elizabeth\\nH. Clarke, Mrs. Mary D. James, Mrs. Kate Dill, Miss Rebecca\\nS. Potts, Miss Mary E. Beatty, Mrs. Elizabeth Street, Mrs. Fan-\\nnie H. Darrah, Mrs. Margaret H. Wilson, Mrs. Sallie Gause,\\nMrs. Huldah M. Tyler, Mrs. Eliza J. Hunt, Mrs. Julia Darrah,\\nMrs. Hannah W. Sterling, Miss Catharine L. Beatty, Mrs.\\nAmanda Bond, Mrs. Emma Forst, and Mrs. Elizabeth Jones.\\nMarch ist, i860, the Masonic Hall Association of the city of\\nTrenton, was incorporated, with a capital stock of fifty thousand\\ndollars, divided into shares of twenty dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Jonathan S. Fish, David Naar, Joseph\\nH. Hough, William R. Clapp, John Woolverton, Thomas J.\\nCorson, Edward W. Scudder, Harper Crozer, William T. Nich-\\nolson, Andrew Dutcher, Elias Phillips, and James S. Aitkin.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0380.jp2"}, "381": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XXI.\\nTrenton Arms Company Trenton Car Works Normal and\\nModel Schools Trenton Chain Manufactory Normal School\\nBoarding-House Trenton Co-operative Benefit Society Sol-\\ndiers Children s Home Trenton Lock Company Delaware\\nManufacturing Company Trenton Hall and Building Associa-\\ntio7i New Jersey Silver Mining Company East Trenton\\nLand and Building Association.\\nMARCH nth, 1S62, the Trenton Arms Company was incor-\\nporated, with a capital stock of one hundred and fifty-\\nthousand dollars, divided in shares of five hundred dollars each,\\nwith power to increase it to four hundred thousand dollars.\\nThe corporators were Aaron H. Vancleve, Charles Moore,\\nJoseph G. Brearley, Joseph C. Potts, and Andrew G. M. Pre-\\nvost.\\nMarch i8th, 1863, the Trenton Car Works was incorporated,\\nfor the purpose of manufacturing railroad cars of all descrip-\\ntions. The capital stock was one hundred thousand dollars, in\\nshares of one hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Joseph G. Brearley, Thomas J. Stryker,\\nand Andrew G. M. Prevost.\\nFebruary 2d, 1865, the sum of thirty-eight thousand dollars was\\nappropriated by the state for the purchase of the Normal and\\nModel Schools, together with the grounds, fixtures, furniture,\\nlibrary, apparatus, and personal property connected therewith.\\nMarch 22d, 1865, the Trenton Chain Manufacturing Company\\nwas incorporated, with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand\\ndollars, in shares of one hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Louis Chevrier, Charles N. Chevrier,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0381.jp2"}, "382": {"fulltext": "356\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nHenderson G. Scudder, Samuel J. R. Salter, Voorhees Vannest,\\nand Frederick Rippart.\\nMarch 2 2d, 1865, the Normal School Boarding-house Associa-\\ntion was incorporated, with a capital stock of twenty thousand\\ndollars, with liberty to increase the same to fifty thousand dol-\\nlars, in shares of fifty dollars each.\\nThe corporators were William White, Jonathan Steward,\\nCharles Brearley, Henry B. Pierce, and Elias Cook.\\nFebruary 15th, 1866, the Trenton Co-operative Benefit So-\\nciety, Number One, was incorporated, with- a capital stock of\\nforty thousand dollars, in shares of ten dollars each, with the\\nprivilege of increasing it to eighty thousand dollars.\\nThe corporators were William Wood, John Lee, Joseph\\nFirth, John Brelsford, John Albert, Thomas Whitehead, Samuel\\nMellor, George Lever, Benjamin Buckley, and Thomas Fish.\\nMarch 7th, 1866, the Soldiers Children s Home was incor-\\nporated.\\nThe corporators were John K. Smith, Abraham O. Zabriskie,\\nand Samuel K. Wilson.\\nMarch 9th, 1866, the Trenton Lock Company was incorpor-\\nated, with a capital stock of sixty thousand dollars, with the\\nprivilege of increasing the same to two hundred thousand dol-\\nlars, divided into shares of one hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Joseph G. Brearley, Charles Gregg, J.\\nHarris Cogill, Francis B. Pye, Lewis Maney, J. N. Junken, and\\nElias Cook.\\nMarch 13th, 1866, the Delaware Manufacturing Company was\\nauthorized to increase their capital stock to an amount not\\nexceeding one million dollars, and the charter of the company\\nwas extended twenty-five years longer.\\nMarch 15th, 1866, the Trenton Hall and Building Associa-\\ntion was incorporated, with a capital stock of sixty thousand\\ndollars, in shares of one hundred dollars, with power to increase\\ntheir capital stock to a sum not exceeding seventy-five thousand\\ndollars.\\nThe corporators were Joshua Jones, John Taylor, John H,\\nCreveling, Joseph G. Brearley, John C. Cook, John L. Murphy,,\\nCharles Scott, Daniel Temple, Philip Smith, John Barnett, and\\nJohn Mars.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0382.jp2"}, "383": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n357\\nApril 4th, 1866, the New Jersey Silver Mining Company was\\nincorporated, with a capital stock of five hundred thousand dol-\\nlars, in shares of fifty dollars each.\\nThe corporators were J. Harris Cogill, Andrew Dutcher, and\\nJoseph Tucker.\\nApril 6th, 1866, the East Trenton Land and Building Company\\nwas incorporated, with a capital stock of one hundred thousand\\ndollars, with the privilege of increasing it to five hundred thousand\\ndollars, and divided in shares of one hundred dollars each. Its\\ncorporators were Imlah Moore, Jonathan Fisk, Charles Moore,\\nA. W. Cheeseman, and Augustus G. Richey.\\nThe amount of capital was one hundred thousand dollars,\\nwith the privilege of increasing the same to five hundred thou-\\nsand dollars, divided into shares of one hundred dollars each.\\nThis company was empowered to let, rent, lease, mortgage, and\\nsell such lands and real estate as they may have and hold from\\ntime to time, in whole or in parcels, and to improve the same\\nby erecting, or causing to be erected thereon, buildings of every\\nname, kind, and description, and for all proper and legitimate\\npurposes, or by laying off said lands and real estate into lots\\nand to use the same for agricultural purposes, or in any other\\nlawful way that the said corporation may deem necessary or\\nadvisable and to purchase, make up, manufacture, sell, and dis-\\npose of all materials pertaining to the erection of such buildings.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0383.jp2"}, "384": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XXII.\\nTrenton Skating Park Cbib Trentoft Gold and Sliver Mining\\nCompany Ransome Patent Stone Company Trentoti Vise and\\nTool Company Yuma Silver Mining Company Central Mar-\\nket Mercer Gold and Silver Mining Compajiy National Pot-\\ntery Company Trenton Agriacltitral Works New Jersey Pot-\\ntery Company Union Pottery Company Trenton Woolen\\nCompany Trenton Ice Company Contine7ital Saw Company\\nWashington Market Association Merchants and Tradet S\\nProtective Union.\\nAPRIL 5th, 1867, the Trenton Skating Park Club was incor-\\nporated, with a capital stock of ten thousand dollars, with\\nthe privilege of increasing the same to a sum not exceeding thirty\\nthousand dollars, and divided into shares of ten dollars each.\\nThe corporators were D. Cooper Allison, J. Beatty Lalor,.\\nIsaac Weatherby, and G. Allen Anderson.\\nApril 6th, 1867, the Trenton Gold and Silver Mining Com-\\npany of Colorado was incorporated, with a capital stock of\\nfifty thousand dollars, with the privilege of increasing it to two\\nhundred thousand dollars, divided into shares of not less than\\nfive dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Daniel Peters, Samuel Prior, Jacob Sny-\\nder, George F. Brown, W. D. Holt, Israel Howell, and John\\nL. Murphy.\\nMarch 5th, 1867, the Ransome Patent Stone Company, of\\nNew Jersey, was incorporated, with a capital stock of fifty thou-\\nsand dollars, with the privilege of increasing it^to one hundred\\nthousand dollars, and which was divided into shares of one hun-\\ndred dollars each.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0384.jp2"}, "385": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n359\\nThis company was incorporated for the purpose of manufac-\\nturing Ransome s patent concrete stone, from sand and other\\nearths and chemicals, and for the transaction of such business as\\nmay be necessarily connected tlierevvitli.\\nThe corporators were George S. Norris, Charles H. Higgin-\\nson, John F. Houdayer, Samuel Prior, Gregory A. Perdicaris,\\nSamuel K. Wilson, Simon Donau, David Naar, Charles Moore,\\nAmos Robbins, Philemon Dickinson, William G. Cook, Harry\\nMcCall, and Thomas J. Stryker.\\nMarch 5th, 1868, the Trenton Vise and Tool Company was\\nincorporated, with a capital stock of fifty thousand dollars, with\\nthe privilege of increasing the same to any sum not exceeding\\ntwo hundred and fifty thousand dollars, divided into shares of\\none hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were J. Howard Murray, Thomas S. Murray,\\nDaniel P. Forst, James E. Darrah, Edwin G. Stores.\\nMarch loth, 1S68, the Yuma Silver Mining Company was in-\\ncorporated, with a capital stock of two hundred thousand dol-\\nlars, with the privilege of increasing the same to two millions of\\ndollars, divided into shares of one hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Philemon Dickinson, Liscomb R. Titus,\\nJohn H. Phillips, Daniel Temple, Frederick P. Auten, Symmes\\nH. Reading, John L. Taylor, Uriel T. Scudder, and John C.\\nRafferty.\\nApril 7th, 1868, the Central Market Company was incorpo-\\nrated, with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars, with\\npower to increase the same, from time to time, to a sum not ex-\\nceeding two hundred thousand dollars, divided into shares of\\none hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were John Taylor, William Wood, John C.\\nCook, Daniel B. Bodine, John Barnett, Samuel Prior, Charles\\nBrearley, William R. Titus, Alpheus Swayze, Charles Scott, and\\nWilliam S. Hutchinson.\\nApril 7th, 1868, the Mercer Gold and Silver Mining Com-\\npany, of Colorado, was incorporated, with a capital stock of\\nfifty thousand dollars, with the privilege of increasing it to five\\nhundred thousand dollars, which was divided into sliares of\\none hundred dollars each.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0385.jp2"}, "386": {"fulltext": "360\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nThe corporators were Jacob Snyder, James P. Davies, Daniel\\nPeters, John H. Norris, William Lee, Lafayette Seaming, and\\nWilliam H. Skirm.\\nMarch 3d, 1869, the National Pottery Company was incorpo-\\nrated, with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars, with\\nthe power to increase the same, from time to time, to an amount\\nnot exceeding two hundred thousand dollars.\\nThe corporators were Theodore W, Hill, Charles Mayer,\\nCharles Hewitt, Timothy Abbott, and George S. Green,\\nMarch 9th, 1869, the Trenton Agricultural Works was incor-\\nporated, with a capital stock of fifty-five thousand dollars, with\\nthe privilege of increasing the same to any sum not exceeding\\none hundred and fifty thousand dollars, in shares of one hundred\\ndollars each.\\nThe corporators were John Melick, Bennington Gill, John\\nButterworth, John S. Cook, and Amos Laning.\\nMarch i8th, 1869, the New Jersey Pottery Company was in-\\ncorporated, with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars,\\nwith the privilege of increasing the same at any time, to a sum\\nnot exceeding two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, in shares\\nof one hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Elias Cook, John Woolverton, Caleb S.\\nGreen, Barker Gummere, and Nathaniel E. Britton.\\nMarch 30th, 1869, the Union Pottery Company was incorpo-\\nrated, with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars, with\\nthe privilege of increasing it to fifty thousand dollars, in shares\\nof one hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Baltes Pickel, William White, Henry\\nSmith, Joshua Jones, and Elias Cook.\\nMarch 31st, 1869, the Trenton Woolen Company was incor-\\nporated, with a capital stock of two hundred and fifty thousand\\ndollars, with the privilege of increasing the same to an amount\\nnot exceeding five hundred thousand dollars, divided in shares\\nof one hundred dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Isaac Weatherby, Augustus G. Richey,\\nTheodore Emery, John Taylor, Henry Ivey, Ferdinand W.\\nRoebling, and Symmes H. Reading.\\nApril ist, 1869, the Trenton Ice Company was incorporated,..", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0386.jp2"}, "387": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n361\\nwith a capital stock of thirty thousand dollars, with power to\\nincrease the same to a sum not exceeding fifty thousand dollars,\\ndivided in shares of twenty-five dollars each.\\nThe corporators were Robert C. Belville, Alexander M. John-\\nston, and John P. Nelson.\\nApril ist, 1869, the Continental Saw Company was incorpo-\\nrated, with a capital stock of one hundred thousand dollars, with\\nthe privilege of increasing the same to any sum not exceeding\\ntwo hundred and fifty thousand dollars, divided in shares of\\ntwenty-five dollars each.\\nThe corporators were George W. Rowley, Gotleib Maulick,\\nThomas P, Marshall, Imlah Moore, and Jacob R. Freese.\\nMarch 17th, 1870, the Merchants and Traders Protective\\nUnion was incorporated.\\nThe corporators were Peter Spracklin, Michael O Neal, John\\nP. Garey, Joseph Lanning, Barclay N. Stokes, John Crawford,\\nAnderson Horner, and Daniel S. Thompson.\\n2h", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0387.jp2"}, "388": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XXIII.\\nSwearing by the Uplifted Hand Trenton Academy Two Crim-\\ninals pardoned under the Gallows Sale of Stills at Beattf s\\nFerry Lower Trenton Ferry Association to Prevent Trade\\nwith the Enemy Ratification of the Treaty of Peace.\\nOCTOBER ist, 1778, the general assembly, sitting at Prince-\\nton, passed an act for the ease and relief of such persons\\nas are scrupulous of taking an oath with the ceremony of touch-\\ning and kissing the Book of the Gospels, by allowing that of\\nholding up the hand in lieu thereof, and making them guilty of\\nperjury by taking a false oath in this way.\\nThe publisher of the Gazette advertised to be sold at the\\nprinting office drugs of every description, and that he would\\nput up doctors prescriptions also on sale, tea, coffee, choco-\\nlate, sugar, pepper, ginger, soap, pins, needles, and a variety of\\nqueensware, c., diaper and damask table cloths, frying-pans\\nand tar by which it appears that he kept everything neces-\\nsary for family use. The paper also contains a number of adver-\\ntisements for runaway niggars and wenches, ranging from\\nfour dollars to four thousand dollars reward, continental money.\\nWilliam Churchill Houston was the receiver of continental\\ntaxes in the state of New Jersey in 1782.\\nOn the i8th of September, 1782, the Trenton Academy was\\nfounded.\\nThe following advertisement appears in the New Jersey\\nGazette, published by Isaac Collins, corner of Queen (now\\nGreene) street and Second (now State) street.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0388.jp2"}, "389": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nZ^Z\\nTrenton Academy.\\nA number of the inhabitants of Trenton and the country\\nadjoining, in order to render the means of education more easy\\nand certain, have formed a regular permanent establishment for\\nthat purpose. A commodious, handsome stone building has\\nbeen erected, and is now open for the reception of scholars. A\\nschool, in which reading, writing, common arithmatick, and\\nbook-keeping are taught, has been formed some time, under the\\ncare of an able teacher, and is carried on with great propriety\\nand success. To improve the system, another is now opened, in\\nwhich are taught the English, Latin, and Greek languages gram-\\nmatically geography, practical mathematicks, the principles of\\nnatural philosophy and astronomy, public speaking, and the\\nrudiments of any other branch of i;seful education, either to fit\\npupils to finish a course at college, or to go immediately into\\nbusiness. The subscribers, the present trustees of this institu-\\ntion, are determined to spare no pains to render it as beneficial\\nas possible to which end they have put it under the care of\\nGeorge Merchant, B. A., a gentleman graduated at the College\\nof New Jersey several years ago, who has, from the time he com-\\nmenced his studies, been engaged in teaching, and whose pru-\\ndence and ability have been highly approved. The situation of\\nthe place is pi easant and beautiful j boarding may be had in gen-\\nteel, reputable families, and on reasonable terms; and strict\\nattention will be paid to the morals and behavior of the youth.\\nA school for the study of the French language will be opened as\\nsoon as a sufficient number of scholars to support a teacher are\\nengaged.\\nIt is not the intention of the subscribers to trouble the pub-\\nlick with strained and pompous representations in favor of this\\nacademy they are persuaded the success and usefulness of it\\nwill soon recommend it more effectually.\\nMoore Furman,\\nStacy Potts,\\nWilliam C. Houston,\\nJames Ewing,\\nIsaac Collins.\\nDecember nth, 1782, James Ewing, the clerk of the board of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0389.jp2"}, "390": {"fulltext": "3^4\\nHI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\ntrustees, advertised for a writing master and accountant in the\\nacademy at Trenton, as follows\\nAny person well qualified to teach writing, arithmatick, and\\nbook-keeping, and who can be well recommended for sobriety,\\nindustry, and capacity, will meet with generous encouragement\\nby applying to the trustees of the academy in Trenton.\\nBy order of the trustees.\\nJames Ewing, Clerk.\\nOn the 23d of December, 1782, at nine o clock in the fore-\\nnoon, the examination of the grammar school, at the academy in\\nthis place, occurred.\\nThe scholars acquitted themselves greatly to the satisfaction of\\nthe trustees and other gentlemen present.\\nIn the afternoon several of the scholars of both sexes exhibited\\na specimen of their improvement in the art of speaking, in the\\npresence of a crowded assembly of ladies and gentlemen of the\\ntown and neighborhood, several members of the honorable the\\ncourt of commissioners now sitting here, and other strangers of\\ndistinction, all of whom expressed the highest approbation of\\nthe performances.\\nWe cannot but remark that the proficiency of the youth\\nexceeded anything that could have been expected from the\\nshortness of the period since they have engaged in these studies,\\nand that the conduct and success of the institution reflect honor\\nupon the abilities and care of the teachers.\\nDavid Brearley and Isaac Smith were added to the board of\\ntrustees, in the place of Moore Furman and William C. Houston.\\nSeptember 25th, 1782, we find the following item:\\nYesterday Joseph Davison and John Mulliner, who were\\nsentenced at the last Supreme Court to be hanged here for horse-\\nstealing, were pardoned under the gallows.\\nWe find the following advertisement, October 9th, 1782\\nto the publick.\\nA set of large stills are now completed at Mr. Beatty s ferry,\\nat the head of Trenton falls also, a large set of fomenting tubs,\\ncontaining five hundred gallons each, to receive the cyder of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0390.jp2"}, "391": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n365\\nany person who favors the subscribers with their custom the\\nconvenience of emptying the cyder into those large tubs, will\\nenable all persons immediately to take back their hogsheads.\\nFrom the size of the stills and their construction, spirit of a very\\nsuperior quality will be produced than from small stills, or stills\\nof any other construction, no copper being made use of in this\\ndistillery, which ever throws up verdigris that is prejudicial to\\nthe spirit.\\nThe terms for distilling are one-third of the spirit cash for\\ncyder at one dollar and a half per barrel, or two gallons of high\\nproof cyder spirit in exchange for each barrel of cyder, which\\nwill prevent any delay by the publick s humble servants.\\nLynch, Neil, and Pool.\\nN. B. The publick may be supplied by the loth of October\\nwith excellent cask beer, Irish stingo, and porter j also, bottled\\nbeer at twelve shillings per dozen Irish stingo at fifteen shil-\\nlings, and porter at fifteen shillings empty bottles to be brought\\nin exchange, by applying to Neil and Pool, at their store in\\nTrenton.\\nIn the same issue appears the following\\nThe publick are hereby informed that American porter,\\nassembly beer, Irish stingo, and table beer are now ready for\\nsale at the porter brewery in York street, Burlington.\\nN. B. The assembly beer is a choice, pretty liquor to smoke a\\npipe with the Irish stingo is a strong, excellent beer, prescribed\\nby the faculty, is a balsamic to the stomach, and a never-failing\\nremedy to an uneasy mind the porter gives vigor to the body,\\nanimation to the face, and occasions a healthy, blooming coun-\\ntenance, if drank regularly a few months.\\nOctober 8th, 1782.\\nThe following advertisement appears in the New Jersey Ga-\\nzette of November 6th, 1782\\nLOWER TRENTON FERRY.\\nThe road on each side of the river Delaware to the landing\\nis now completed the best attendance and quickest dispatch\\nwill be given to all persons who may please to favor it with their\\n2n*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0391.jp2"}, "392": {"fulltext": "366 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\ncustom. In this part of the river there are no obstructions, the\\nwater is deep and smooth, and the shores gravelly, so that the\\nboats may at all times be brought so near the shores as to land\\ntheir passengers without wetting the soals of their shoes.\\nOn the nth of July, 1782, a number of the inhabitants of\\nTrenton met together on short notice, for the purpose of con-\\nsidering a plan of association to prevent trade and intercourse\\nwith the enemy, and a draught being proposed, was agreed to,\\nand subscribed by all present.\\nA committee was then appointed to take measures for offering\\nit to the inhabitants of the town and neighborhood, to devise\\nthe best means of rendering it effectual, and to call a general\\nmeeting of the inhabitants of the town and country adjoining,\\non Friday, the 19th inst., in order to determine upon such\\nthings as were necessary to be done. The following is a copy\\nof the draught\\nWe, whose names are hereunto subscribed, being convinced\\nthat the king and ministry of Great Britain, their agents and\\nadherents, despairing of the conquest of these states by force,\\nare resorting to the arts of duplicity and intrigue j that among\\nother devices, they are endeavoring by means of those among\\nus who are opposed to the present revolution or devoted to sor-\\ndid gain, to introduce into the country large quantities of British\\ngoods, and to draw off our money in payment for them thus\\nthey expect to disable us from paying our taxes, rob us of a\\nmedium of business, and put an end to our opposition, in the\\nsupport of which money is indispensably necessary that care is\\ntaken to send out such species of goods as are not only useless,\\nbut are likely to have the greatest effect in corrupting the man-\\nners of the people that the better to insure success, the highest\\nencouragement is afforded to such as will engage in the traffick,\\neither personally or by connexion in interest and, on the other\\nhand, every effort is made use of to shut up, as far as possible,\\nall the channels by which goods have been, during the war, im-\\nported among us, or the produce of the country sent out to mar-\\nket that those among us who favor this trade, either from the\\nmalignity of principle, or the inordinate love of gain, are doing\\neverything in their power to secure it under the feigned appear-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0392.jp2"}, "393": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n367\\nance and cover of the law, and that they have but too far and\\ntoo often succeeded that they are endeavoring to slacken the\\nbands of those who are disposed to be active and vigilant in\\nputting a stop to such intercourse and traffick, by propagating\\nan opinion that interference of this kind is mean and dishonor-\\nable; that notwithstanding the salutary measures taken by the\\nlegislature, the evil is become so dangerous and inveterate that\\nit will not be in the power of the magistrates to correct and re-\\nmove it, unless the citizens in general exert themselves to bring\\noffenders to justice that to approve, connive at, or not to use\\nevery means to destroy such intercourse and trafifick with the\\nenemy, is not only unworthy the character of men of principle,\\nbut a mark of disrespect and ingratitude to a nation from which\\nwe have derived the most seasonable and effectual aid in the\\nprogress of this revolution, and whose exertions and sufferings\\nin our favor claim from us every possible acknowledgment and\\npreference; that such clandestine traffick is a discouragement\\nand injury to the fair and upright trader, and has a baneful ten-\\ndency to lead away others by the example. And being also con-\\nvinced that it is the duty of ever^ good citizen to recollect the\\nglorious principles which gave rise to the revolution, and to recur\\nto those principles, which, under Providence, have brought it\\nto the present state, and will be the most powerful means of\\nbringing it to a happy and successful termination, we have asso-\\nciated ourselves for the following purposes\\ni. We will, to our utmost, detect and bring to justice all\\nwho may be in any wise concerned in this pernicious traffick,\\nand use every lawful means to prevent and suppress it.\\n2. To which end we will, to the utmost of our power and\\ninfluence, strengthen the hands of all officers, civil and military,\\nin the discharge of their duty, and support the full and vigorous\\nexecution of the laws.\\n3. We will give every assistance to those who are vested\\nwith authority, to restrain and punish all suspicious persons trav-\\neling without proper passports or certificates, or carrying British\\ngoods or other property made seizable by law.\\n4. We will avoid, as far as possible, all intercourse, commu-\\nnication, and dealings with such as have been or may be con-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0393.jp2"}, "394": {"fulltext": "368\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ncerned in trading with the enemy, or who have been or may be\\njustly suspected of being so concerned.\\n5. We will give every support and assistance in our power\\nto those who shall exert themselves to detect and bring to jus-\\ntice persons concerned, either directly or indirectly, in trading\\nwith the enemy, and treat as mean, false, and designing every\\ninsinuation that such endeavors are in the least degree inconsis-\\ntent with honor and good citizenship, or that they are not highly\\nbecoming and praiseworthy.\\n6. In prosecution of these objects, we will, at the same\\ntime, discountenance and oppose all acts of oppression and vio-\\nlence, and whatever may be inconsistent with the peace and good\\norder of the community, being determined not to resort to\\nforce, except where the same may become indispensably neces-\\nsary.\\nSubscribed by one hundred and fifty-three inhabitants of\\nTrenton and the neighborhood. Trenton, July nth, 1782.\\nThey issued the following address\\nFriends and Fellow Citizens AVe cannot too often\\nrecollect the principles which gave rise to the present revolu-\\ntion principles as pure and dignified as ever actuated a people.\\nAs long as they remain, this country cannot be conquered the\\nmoment they become extinct, we are gone. There has been a\\ntime when the infamous traffick and intercourse pointed to in\\nthe above association would not have been suffered to exist a\\nweek we hope to see that time revived. We are all convinced\\nof the pernicious effects produced by it. We see it destroying\\nthat simplicity of manners which is the glory of a republican\\ngovernment. We see it poisoning the principles and morals of\\nthe community. We see it draining off that money with which\\nwe ought to pay our taxes, and without which all the publick\\nmovements must stop. We see it increasing the number of our\\nsecret enemies, by means of the powerful allurements of gain.\\nThat the system of the war is changed from force to cunning, is\\nknown to all that the latter is the more dangerous, is equally\\nknown one secret enemy is worse than ten open ones, particu-\\nlarly in the present posture of affairs. As friends and fellow\\ncitizens, we request your exertions. In times of peace it is com-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0394.jp2"}, "395": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\n569\\nparatively easy to support good order in times of publick com-\\nmotion, the exertions of every individual are more necessary.\\nEvery one can do something and every one ought to do all he\\ncan. The vigorous and attentive execution of the laws against\\n.vagrant and idle people, of the act passed twenty- fourth of June\\nlast, to prevent illicit trade and intercourse with the enemy, and\\nof the act of the tenth of June, 1779, to prevent persons travel-\\ning through the state without the proper passports, seems par-\\nticularly requisite. This we ought especially to do, and at the\\nsame time to leave nothing else undone. The labor is great,\\nbut the object is greater. The safety of our country calls loudly\\nupon us. Let us recollect who we are. Let us recollect what\\nwe contend for; perseverance, prudence, and resolution will\\ninsure us success.\\nOn behalf of the committee.\\nRobert L. Hooper, Jr.\\nTrenton, 12th July, 1782.\\nThe inhabitants of Trenton, and of the country adjoining,\\nwill please to meet at the court-house, on Friday the 19th inst.,\\nat four o clock in the afternoon, upon business respecting an\\nassociation to prevent trade and intercourse with the enemy.\\nPursuant to the above notice, the inhabitants of this place,\\nand the country adjoining, met at the court-house on Friday\\nthe 19th instant.\\nSamuel Tucker, Esq., was appointed chairman.\\nThe association to prevent illicit trade and intercourse with\\nthe enemy being read and considered, the fourth article was\\naltered to read as follows\\nWe will avoid, as far as possible, all intercourse, communi-\\ncation, and dealings with such as may be concerned in trading\\nwith the enemy, or who may be justly suspected of being so\\nconcerned.\\nThe whole being then unanimously approved, was subscribed\\nby all present.\\nA committee of nine was appointed for the purpose of carry-\\ning the objects of the association into the most effectual execu-\\ntion, to continue two months, and to meet for the first time on\\nMonday, the 2 2d instant.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0395.jp2"}, "396": {"fulltext": "37\u00c2\u00b0\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nThe gentlemen elected were Samuel Tucker, William C.\\nHouston, Robert L. Hooper, Jr., Esq., Colonel John Neilson,\\nMr. Robert Neil, Mr. Benjamin Smith, Captain John Mott,\\nCaptain Israel Carl, and Mr. John Reeder.\\nThe committee were authorized to call a general meeting of\\nthe associators, whenever circumstances, in their opinion, render\\nit necessary.\\nSamuel Tucker, Chairman^\\nMonday, July 22d, 1782, the committee met. Robert Lettis\\nHooper, Jr., Esq., was appointed chairman.\\nAgreed, that such parts of the laws of the state to prevent\\npersons from coming into, or traveling through the same, with-\\nout proper passports, as may appear most immediately necessary,\\nbe published in the New Jersey Gazette as soon as possible, to\\nthe end that all may be informed thereof.\\nResolved, unanimously, That it is the duty of all, and particu-\\nlarly of this committee, and of every associator, to be vigilant\\nand active in putting the laws in execution against suspected\\npersons and others, traveling without proper passports in giving\\ninformation, assistance, and support to those who are vested with\\nproper authority, for restraining and furnishing such as do not\\npay proper attention to the laws, or encourage, in the remotest\\ndegree, directly or indirectly, any trade or intercourse with the\\nenemy; and that the greatest care ought to be taken, on the\\nother hand, to avoid everything inconsistent with prudence,\\ngood order, and the vigorous execution of which is the great\\nobject of the association.\\nBy order,\\nRobert L. Hooper, Jr., Chairman^\\nSaturday, the 28th of September, the period for which the\\ncommittee of the associators were appointed, having expired, a\\nmeeting was called by the chairman, at the court-house, at three\\no clock in the afternoon of said day, which was adjourned to\\nthe next Saturday, October 5th, at which time the committee\\nagain met, with Mr. Stacy Potts in the chair, when it was re-\\nsolved unanimously, That we will, to the utmost of our power\\nand influence, discourage the use of all British manufactures", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0396.jp2"}, "397": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n371\\nwhatsoever, except prize goods legally condemned, and encour-\\nage the use of those of such nations as are in alliance with the\\nUnited States, and friendly to their cause regarding this not\\nonly as the best means of putting a total stop to all trafifick and\\nintercourse with the]^encmy, but as a great political duty, and a\\njust tribute of gratitude to those who have given us their assist-\\nance in the day of our distress.\\nResolved, unanimotisly, That we look upon a punctual pay-\\nment of our taxes as one of the best means, under Providence,\\nto put a speedy end to the present war, and disable the enemy\\nfrom making further attempts upon our liberties and that we\\nwill, to our utmost, promote and further the same.\\nResolved, That the committee first chosen be continued, and\\nin order more fully and certainly to carry the design of this\\nassociation into effect, that six members be added.\\nThe following are the names of the members added: Messrs.\\nJohn Bell, Charles Axford, Jr., Conrad Kotts, Ebenezer Rose,\\nJohn Howell, and Joseph Tindall.\\nBy order of the association.\\nStacy Potts, Chairman.\\nThe ratification of the treaty of peace caused the most un-\\nbounded enthusiasm throughout the country. Public meetings\\nwere held, bonfires and beacon lights illuminated the heavens\\nfrom one end of the country to the other. As hostilities had\\ncommenced on the 19th of April, 1775, in many places the\\npeace, so happily concluded, was celebrated on the 19th of\\nApril, 1783.\\nAt Princeton, the people met in the college hall, where an\\nexcellent discourse, suitable to the occasion, was delivered by\\nthe venerable Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, to a very numerous\\naudience. Entertainments were prepared at the houses of Mr.\\nHyer and Mr. Beekman, at three o clock in the afternoon of\\nthat day, at which time the company divided and repaired to\\neach house, and after dinner numerous toasts were drank, and\\ncannon discharged.\\nAt seven o clock in the evening the houses in the town\\nwere splendidly illuminated, in many of which great taste was\\ndisplayed in the arrangement of the lights.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0397.jp2"}, "398": {"fulltext": "372\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nAt eight o clock the infantry company of the town fired\\nthirteen volleys, with great regularity and exactness, after\\nwhich the company retired, having spent the day with that fes-\\ntivity, decency, and good order which characterize a free and\\nvirtuous people.\\nThe thirteenth toast was as follows\\nMay the recollection of the 19th of April, 1775, the 4th of\\nJuly, 1776, and the 3d of February, 1783, prove a terror to\\ntyranny and oppression throughout the world.\\nOn the same day the glorious peace was celebrated at Borden-\\ntown, at Colonel Okey Hoagland s, at twelve o clock. The\\ngovernor s proclamation was read, after which thirteen cannon\\nwere fired, succeeded by three huzzas of the people, with every\\nexpression of real joy.\\nAt three o clock they dined at Colonel Hoagland s, when\\nthirteen toasts were drank, accompanied by the discharge of\\nartillery and small arms.\\nAt seven o clock in the evening the houses were beautifully illu-\\nminated, more particularly the house and academy of the Rev.\\nBurgis Allison, whose windows were ingeniously decorated with\\nthe following transparent paintings\\nist. The sun, in its meridian splendor, shedding his rays on\\nthe segment of a globe comprehending North America, with\\nthis motto Shine on this Happy Land.\\n2d. The portrait of His Excellency General Washington,\\nencompassed with thirteen stars, representing the United States\\nof America, with this motto Independent, United, and\\nFree, above; and Success to our Allies, below.\\n3d. Peace, represented by implements of husbandry, and a\\ndove with an olive branch; motto They shall beat their\\nSwords into Plough-shares, and Spears into Pruning-hooks.\\n4th, Plenty, represented by two cornucopias of fruit and\\nflowers, the coiniu supporting a festoon, two wheat sheaves, and\\na basket of fruit.\\n5th. The crown of France, in the middle of three fleur de\\nlis, with this motto Long live Louis XVI.\\n6th. A trophy adorned with British arms, drums, and inverted", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0398.jp2"}, "399": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n373\\nstandards; motto The Spoils of our Foes j over which was\\nFame, flying, with a trumpet, and the words, America shall be\\nFree, issuing from it.\\n7th. Britannia, sitting in a disconsolate posture, pointing at\\nher broken spear, and saying, (by a label), Alas! I ve lost\\nAmerica. Mars, standing with his sword extended over her,\\nsaying, (per label), I ve Humbled thy Pride.\\n8th. America, in the figure of an Indian, with his bow and\\narrow by his side, and the British crown carelessly lying at his\\nfeet Mercury standing by him, presenting him with a laurel\\ncrown, saying, (per label), The Laurels Thou Hast Won.\\nThe evening closed with a ball for the further entertainment\\nof the ladies.\\nAt New Brunswick, the same day was celebrated the morning\\nwas ushered in by the display of colors and the ringing of bells.\\nThe foot militia, under Captain Guest, and the artillery, under\\nCaptain Supp, paraded the streets and marched to the common,\\nattended by a numerous concourse of citizens. Thirteen can-\\nnons were discharged, followed by the musketry.\\nRev. Israel Reed, of the Presbyterian Church, delivered a\\ndiscourse in the Dutch Church, from Ecclesiastes, vii., 14,\\nIn the day of prosperity be joyful. In the afternoon an en-\\ntertainment was served up at White Hall tavern, and at the\\nhouse of widow Haffert thirteen toasts were drank. At half-\\npast six o clock the companies retired.\\nA curious and magnificent bonfire was lighted up in the even-\\ning, consisting of sixteen tar barrels, supported by separate poles\\nof a great length, all of which being set on fire at the same in-\\nstant, together with a large quantity of combustibles collected\\naround the tallest pole, really exhibited a splendid and brilliant\\nappearance, which could only be exceeded by the superior taste\\ndisplayed by the ladies in illuminating the town.\\nAt Cranberry the celebration took place on Tuesday evening,\\nthe 15th inst., at the Sign of the Thirteen Stars, present among\\nwhom was Rev. Thomas Smith. An elegant entertainment was\\nserved up at the house of Mr. Thomas Nixon, of which all pres-\\nent partook. After the cloth had been removed, the usual num-\\nber of toasts (thirteen) were drank.\\n2i", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0399.jp2"}, "400": {"fulltext": "374\\nins TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nOn Wednesday, the i6th, the inhabitants of the township of\\nAmwell assembled at Snyder s tavern. At noon thirteen can-\\nnons were discharged, succeeded by the cheers of the people.\\nAfter dinner the usual number of toasts were drank.\\nAt Woodbridge, New Broomley, Mount Pleasant, and other\\nplaces similar demonstrations were held.\\nThe celebration at Trenton came off on Tuesday, the 15th of\\nApril. His Excellency Governor Livingston, the honorable the\\nvice president of the state, with several members of the legisla-\\nture, the judges of the Supreme Court, and other magistrates,\\ntogether with a great number of the inhabitants of the town and\\nvicinity, met about eleven o clock, at the house of Mr. Wil-\\nliams, from whence they, with the trustees, directors, and stu-\\ndents of the academy, went in procession to the court-house,\\nwhere the governor s proclamation, declaring a cessation of hos-\\ntilities, was publicly read, after which thirteen cannons were fired,\\nsucceeded by the cheers of the people.\\nAt twelve o clock, divine service was attended, where a dis-\\ncourse adapted to the occasion was delivered by the Rev. Elihu\\nSpencer, D. D., before a very numerous audience. At three\\no clock p. M., his excellency the governor, with a number of\\nthe gentlemen of the town, repaired to the house of Mr. Fran-\\ncis Witt, where, as well as at the houses of Mr. Williams and\\nMr. Cape, entertainments were provided for the occasion. After\\ndinner the following toasts were drank\\n1. The Glorious Peace of the 3d of February, 1783.\\n2. The United States of America.\\n3. His Most Christian Majesty.\\n4. The United Netherlands.\\n5. The General and the Army.\\n6. General Greene and the BraA^e Troops under his Com-\\nmand.\\n7. The American Commissioners at Paris.\\n8. Count de Rochambeau and the French Troops who served\\nin America.\\n9. The Marquis de Lafayette, and all such Distinguished\\nPatriots.\\nID. All the Whigs in America.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0400.jp2"}, "401": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 375\\n11. Agriculture, Trade, and Navigation.\\n12. The Memory of all those who have lost their Lives in\\nDefence of our Liberties.\\n13. The state of New Jersey, may she ever stand distin-\\nguished as a pattern of Virtue, Public Spirit, and Strict Justice to\\nall who have generously supported her in the hour of difficulty.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0401.jp2"}, "402": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XXIV.\\nEvery Man a Soldier To Provide Himself a Musket, and all\\nthe Necessary Ammunitioji First Organized Military Compa-\\nnies Names of the Different Militajy Companies and their\\nOfficers, from 1776 to 1870 The Late Rebellion Numier of\\nMen Liable to do Military Duty in the State Number of Men\\nSent into the Field Excess Over all Calls Made by the Ex-\\necutive of the United States Expenses of Fitting Them Out\\nSoldiers Children^ s Home.\\nPREVIOUS to the American revolution we know but very-\\nlittle of the military of our state in fact, we can find no\\nstate records that there were, previous to that eventful struggle,\\nany organized companies in our city. Every man was consid-\\nered, under the old English law, as enrolled for military duty.\\nUnder the grants by Berkley and Carteret, in the year 1664,\\nevery freeman was to provide himself a good musket, bore twelve\\nbullets to the pound, with ten pounds of powder, and twenty\\npounds of bullets, with bandiliers and match convenient.\\nEvery able man* servant he should carry with him, was to be\\narmed and provided in the same way.\\nAnd although the military spirit was fully aroused during the\\nrevolution, we cannot learn from the state records that more\\nthan two regularly organized military companies existed in Tren-\\nton, until the year 1806.\\nThe following were called the first battalion, foot militia of\\nHunterdon county, Isaac Smith, colonel.\\nThe first company here mentioned was organized June 17th,\\n1776. The officers were John Hunt, captain Henry Mershon,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0402.jp2"}, "403": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON:\\n377\\nfirst lieutenant Ralph Laning, second lieutenant Eli Moore,\\nensign.\\nThe second company was organized June 19th, 1776. Wil-\\nliam Tucker, captain John Fitch, first lieutenant j Isaiah Yard,\\nsecond lieutenant Joseph Clunn, ensign.\\nBetween the years 1806 and 1808, there were five regularly\\norganized military companies in what is now comprised in the\\ncity of Trenton three of these were in Hunterdon county, north\\nof the creek, and two in Burlington county, south of the creek,\\nalthough at that time the two sections comprised less than five\\nthousand inhabitants.\\nIn the township of Nottingham, now comprising the third,\\nfourth, and sixth wards of Trenton, was the second company of\\nthe second regiment of the first battallion. This company was\\norganized April 26th, 1806. Its ofiicers were Samuel Redman,\\ncaptain John Sutterly, lieutenant, and William Lloyd, ensign.\\nThis company, although located in the township of Nottingham,\\nwas attached to the Hunterdon militia.\\nThe officers of the third company were Jonathan Stevenson,\\ncaptain William Chambers, lieutenant William Hancock,\\nensign.\\nThe commissions of the officers of this company were dated\\nMay 5 th, 1806, about two weeks later than those of the second\\ncompany above mentioned.\\nOn the 24th of May of the same year a company was started\\nnorth of the creek, called the fifth company of the regiment.\\nThe officers were James J. Wilson, captain Samuel T. Bel-\\nlerjeau, lieutenant John Hollingshead, ensign.\\nJanuary 23d, 1807, the Second Light Infantry was started. Its\\nofficers were John Beatty, captain; James Agnew, lieutenant,\\nand Josiah Fithian, ensign.\\nMay 24th, 1808, the third company was started. Its officers\\nwere John Sunderland, captain Alexander Witherup, lieuten-\\nant; Peter Van Cleve, ensign. June 27th of the same year\\nJames Agnew, was elected captain Josiah Fithian, lieutenant,\\nand Alexander Wright, ensign, of the first company, third regi-\\nment. December 21st, 1809, Josiah Fithian was commissioned\\ncaptain Alexander Wright, lieutenant, and Israel Fish, ensign.\\n2 I*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0403.jp2"}, "404": {"fulltext": "378\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nA second company, called the Light Infantry, was organized\\nApril 6th, 1811. Its officers were Samuel T. Bellerjeau, captain;\\nJoseph McCulley, lieutenant William Sanderson, ensign.\\nThe seventh company was organized February 5th, 1813. Its\\nofficers were Archibald McCain, captain Joseph Yard, ensign\\nand on the aytli of March of the same year Joseph Yard was\\npromoted to a lieutenancy, and Jasper Scott, made ensign.\\nApril 15 th, 1814, the Jersey Blues, or eighth company, was\\norganized. The officers were James Wilson, captain William\\nSanderson, lieutenant, and James Hillman, ensign,\\nAugust 20th of the same year, the Union Light Infantry was\\norganized. Its officers were Charles Moore, captain Samuel\\nT, Bellerjeau, lieutenant, and Thomas McCulley, ensign,\\nSeptember 19th of the same year, the Phoenix Company was\\norganized. Its officers were Garret Dorset Wall, captain Israel\\nFish, lieutenant, and Daniel Baker, ensign.\\nMarch 25th, 1816, the Jersey Blues were organized. The\\nofficers at the time of organization were Zachariah Rossell, cap-\\ntain afterwards. John B- Potts was elected captain John\\nWoolley, lieutenant, and William Southwick, ensign. April\\n29th, Thomas McCully, Avas elected lieutenant. September\\n17th, 181 7, Thomas McCully was elected captain, and David\\nHutchinson, lieutenant.\\nApril 19th, 1819, David Hutchinson was elected captain; An-\\ndrew M. McCully, lieutenant, and Jacob Yard, ensign.\\nJune 24th, 1838, the Pike Infantry was organized. Its officers\\nwere Samuel Dickinson, captain Joseph Witherup, first lieu-\\ntenant Richard Brandt, second lieutenant Henry C. Boswell,\\nthird lieutenant.\\nDecember loth, 1842, the National Guard was organized.\\nThe officers were James W. Wall, captain Richard Brandt, first\\nlieutenant Anthony Rowley, second lieutenant David S. An-\\nderson, third lieutenant. June 26th, 1843, Captain Wall re-\\nsigned, and Samuel Dickinson was elected captain James W.\\nWall, first lieutenant William Napton, second lieutenant, and\\nWilliam H. Rossell, third lieutenant.\\nDecember ist, 1843, the Flying Artillery was organized.\\nSamuel R. Hamilton, captain Jacob Kline, first lieutenant", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0404.jp2"}, "405": {"fulltext": "HI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\n379\\nWilliam Snowden, second lieutenant; William R. Mcllvaine,\\nbugler.\\nDecember 19th, 1845, Samuel Quicksall was elected third\\nlieutenant of the National Guard.\\nJanuary 27th, 1846, the Jersey Blues were organized, with\\nWilliam Napton as captain Barker^Gummere, first lieutenant\\nDavid S. Anderson, second lieutenant Samuel -Mulford, third\\nlieutenant. April 4th, 1867, Samuel Mulford was transferred to\\nfirst lieutenant, and Barker Gummere, third lieutenant. April\\n2ist, 1848, Samuel Mulford was elected captain; David S. An-\\nderson, first lieutenant, Charles J. Gummere, second lieutenant;\\nJohn W. Neal, second second lieutenant.\\nJanuary 30th, 1846, Heathcoat J. Disbrow, second lieuten-\\nant National Guard June 26th, 1847, ^^st lieutenant; Samuel\\nQuicksall, second lieutenant Emerick Walton, third lieutenant.\\nJune 12th, 1848, Sylvester Vansickel, captain; Samuel B. Scat-\\ntergood, third lieutenant. June ist, 1849, Samuel McClurg,\\nJr., second lieutenant.\\nJune 2 2d, 1848, the Trenton Jersey Blues were organized.\\nSamuel Mulford, captain John W. Neal, first lieutenant\\nCharles J. Gummere, second lieutenant Joseph C. Hill, third\\nlieutenant, who was promoted to second lieutenant February\\n27th, 1849, upon the resignation of Charles J. Gummere, when\\nAlbert G. Enos was elected second lieutenant, and on June 6th he\\nwas promoted to first lieutenant, and Barnet T. Slingerland,\\nthird lieutenant, was promoted to first lieutenant December\\n14th, John L. Gordon, second lieutenant, Benjamin M. Ander-\\nson, third lieutenant.\\nJanuary loth, 1850, the Washington Artillery was organized,\\nwith the following officers John W. Neal, captain Jeremiah\\nR. Wilgus, first lieutenant John N. Lindsay, second lieuten-\\nant; Job M. Bennett, third lieutenant.\\nJanuary 21st, 1850, the South Trenton Rifles were organized.\\nWilliam Napton, captain Adolphus Combs, first lieutenant\\nThomas D. Hutchinson, second lieutenant Joseph Hill, third\\nlieutenant. September i6th, 1852, Thomas C. Branin, first\\nlieutenant Samuel E. Branin, second lieutenant John J.\\nMund}^, third lieutenant.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0405.jp2"}, "406": {"fulltext": "38o\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nNovember 23d, 1852, the Trenton Irish Volunteers were organ-\\nized. Hugh McQuade, captain William Smith, first lieuten-\\nant Richard Killian, second lieutenant Patrick Redman,\\nthird lieutenant. March 23d, 1858, Patrick McMickle, first\\nlieutenant Stafford Downey, second lieutenant James McCor-\\nmick, third lieutenant.\\nDecember ist, 1852, the Republican Rifles were organized.\\nSimon Kahnweiler, captain Joseph Ruellius, first lieutenant\\nMartin Dapper, second lieutenant Frederick Mauer, third lieu-\\ntenant.\\nSeptember 7th, 1855, the Trenton Rifles were organized.\\nGeorge P. Fuhrman, captain Joseph Ruellius, first lieutenant\\nMartin Dapper, second lieutenant Frederick Mauer, third lieu-\\ntenant. November 24th, 1854, Martin Dapper, first lieutenant\\nFrederick Mauer, second lieutenant John Haws, third lieu-\\ntenant. April 30th, 1857, Martin Dapper, captain; Frederick\\nMauer, first lieutenant John Haws, second lieutenant Albert\\nBentz, third lieutenant. March 25d, i860, John Haws, first\\nlieutenant; Henry Thcene, second lieutenant; John Winter,\\nthird lieutenant.\\nMarch 13th, 1854, the Irish Volunteers were organized. John\\nGibbons, first lieutenant Dugald Frael, second lieutenant Pat-\\nrick Martin, third lieutenant.\\nMarch 13th, 1854, the Sarsfield Guards were organized.\\nRichard Killian, captain Charles Lyons, first lieutenant Wil-\\nliam Tyrrell, second lieutenant John Gallagher, third lieuten-\\nant. June 29th, 1857, Charles Harley, captain; William\\nAnglin, third lieutenant.\\nSeptember 8th, 1854, the Trenton Sarsfield Guards were\\norganized. John Travers, captain Charles Lyons, first lieuten-\\nant William Tyrrell, second lieutenant John Gallagher, third\\nlieutenant.\\nSeptember 2 2d, 1854, the Trenton City Guards were organ-\\nized. William H. Rossell, captain; William Halsted, Jr., first\\nlieutenant William F. Pitcher, second lieutenant William I.\\nShreve, third lieutenant.\\nDecember T2th, 1854, the Stockton Artillery was organized.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0406.jp2"}, "407": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n381\\nSylvester Vansickel, captain Heathcoat J. Disbrow, first lieu-\\ntenant.\\nOctober 8th, 1855, the Trenton Volunteers were organized.\\nJohn B. Gribbon, captain Anton Muller, first lieutenant Pat-\\nrick McMickle, second lieutenant William P. Kane, third lieu-\\ntenant. June 29th, 1857, Thomas L. Hanley, third lieutenant.\\nJune loth, 1856, the Liberty Rifles were organized. Thomas\\nD. Hutchinson, captain Aaron S. Lovett, first lieutenant John\\nW. Cook, second lieutenant Joseph R, Roberts, third lieuten-\\nant.\\nFebruary loth, 1858, the Jackson Guards were organized.\\nCharles Harley, captain Charles Lyons, first lieutenant\\nThomas Hanley, second lieutenant.\\nNovember 30th, i860. Company A, National Guard, was\\norganized William R. Murphy, captain Robert C. Belville,\\nfirst lieutenant Joseph Ott, second lieutenant. Captain Mur-\\nphy resigned, and Robert C. Belville was appointed captain,\\nJoseph Ott, first lieutenant, and Charles H. McChesney, second\\nlieutenant. August 27th, 1867, William H. Skirm was elected\\nin the place of Charles H. McChesney, resigned.\\nEighty-six members of this company were in the three months\\nservice, under the proclamation of the president of April 15th,\\n1861 from April i6th to July i6th, 1861. Seventy-two were\\nemergency men of 1863, called out by proclamation of Governor\\nCurtin, of Pennsylvania, under date of June 17th, 1863. They\\nwere in service in Pennsylvania from June 19th to July 19th,\\n1863, and forty-three were officers in the army, navy, and marine\\ncorps of the United States.\\nAugust 12th, 1861, the Wilson Zouaves were organized. Wil-\\nliam Scudder, captain Robert S. Johnston, first lieutenant\\nJohn B. Warren, second lieutenant.\\nOctober 17th, 1861, Company C was organized. Charles\\nH. Dean, captain; John Poland, first lieutenant; Charles H.\\nKnowles, second lieutenant.\\nOctober 17th, 1861, Company D was organized. William\\nC. Vansant, captain Christopher Wentz, first lieutenant Ed-\\nward C. Flock, second lieutenant.\\nOctober 19th, 1861, Company E was organized. John Clow-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0407.jp2"}, "408": {"fulltext": "382 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nney, captain Thomas E. Boyd, first lieutenant Samuel Cam-\\ninade, second lieutenant.\\nOctober 19th, 1861, Company F was organized. Barnet T.\\nSlingerland, captain Thomas Francis, first lieutenant,\\nOctober 19th, 1861, Company G was organized. Jasper A.\\nLloyd, captain Alfred R.- Lloyd, first lieutenant.\\nOctober 19th, 1861, Company H was organized. Hugh\\nMcQuade, captain Patrick McMickle, first lieutenant.\\nOctober 17th, 1861, Company I was organized. William\\nValentine, captain George F. Vanhart, first lieutenant.\\nOctober 17th, 1861, Company K was organized. Joseph J.\\nHawk, captain.\\nOctober 17th, 1861, Company A, second regiment, was organ-\\nized. Joseph W. Bond, captain j John O. Raum, first lieuten-\\nant, promoted to captain Simon B. Conover, second lieutenant.\\nOctober 17th, 1861, Company B was organized. Joseph B.\\nBecker, captain William M. Yard, first lieutenant John Glenn,\\nsecond lieutenant.\\nJune 29th, 1861, Company C was organized. Charles Bech-\\ntel, captain.\\nDecember 24th, 1861, the Woolverton Infantry was organized.\\nEphraim R. Cook, captain George F. Vanhart, first lieutenant;\\nJohn Moran, second lieutenant.\\nDecember 14th, 1861, the Hunt Guards were organized. Jacob\\nD. Joslin, captain John C. Branin, first lieutenant Lewis\\nLenox, second lieutenant.\\nSeptember 24th, 1861, the Union Light Infantry was organ-\\nized. Benjamin F. Craig, first lieutenant; Budd S. Bodine,\\nsecond lieutenant.\\nApril 2 2d, 1 86 1, the Olden Guards were organized, Joseph\\nA. Yard, captain Robert S. Gould, first lieutenant Charles\\nEwing, second lieutenant.\\nApril 22d, 1S61, the Wilkinson Volunteers were organized,\\nIsaac Paul Lykens, captain John W, Neal, first lieutenant John\\nR. Beatty, second lieutenant,\\nApril 23d, 1S61, the Jersey Blues were organized. Samuel\\nMulford, captain Franklin S. Mills, first lieutenant Henry K.\\nZehner, second lieutenant.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0408.jp2"}, "409": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n383\\nApril 24tli, 1 86 1, Company B, National Guard, was organ-\\nized. Sylvester Vansyckle, captain William H. Tantum, first\\nlieutenant; John Parker, second lieutenant.\\nMay 29th, 1 86 1, the Constitutional Guards were organized.\\nAndrew Dutcher, captain John N. Lindsay, first lieutenant\\nLewis H. Vanhorn, second lieutenant.\\nAugust 7th, 1861, the Stevens Guards were organized. Heath-\\ncoat J. Disbrow, captain Calvin T. Speer, first lieutenant\\nRobert W, Roberts, second lieutenant.\\nJune 25th, 1S61, the Trenton Rifles were organized. John Haws\\ncaptain Henry Thcene, first lieutenant John Winter, second\\nlieutenant.\\nAugust 20th, 1861, the Livingston Guards were organized.\\nCharles Ewing, captain William C, McCall, first lieutenant\\nAaron C. Wilkes, second lieutenant.\\nAugust 20th, 1861, the Lewis Guards were organized. Robert\\nS. Gould, captain DeKlyn Lalor, first lieutenant Henry H.\\nWoolsey, second lieutenant.\\nAugust 22d, 1861, Company C, National Guard, were organ-\\nized. Charles F. Howell, second lieutenant.\\nOctober i8th, 1861, Company K was organized. John Cart-\\nmill, captain; William F. West, first lieutenant; John C. Titus,\\nsecond lieutenant.\\nOctober i8th, 1861, the Eelville Guards were organized. John\\nJ. Willis, captain Aaron Bennett, first lieutenant Dennison\\nDavis, second lieutenant.\\nAugust 1 2th, 1861, the Jersey Blues were organized. Barzilla\\nRidgway, first lieutenant John M. Pearson, second lieutenant.\\nMay 30th, 1 86 1, the Trenton Artillery was organized. Charles\\nP. Smith, captain Ogden W. Blackfan, first lieutenant James\\nP. Stephens, second lieutenant.\\nOctober 29th, 1861, Company B was organized. Alexander\\nM, Johnston, captain Alfired W. Packer, first lieutenant James\\nB. Gray, second lieutenant.\\nOctober 29th, 1861, Company E was organized. Frederick\\nR. Mauer, captain William Moore, first lieutenant Frank D.\\nHolmes, second lieutenant.\\nOctober 29th, 1861, Company F was organized. John Tay-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0409.jp2"}, "410": {"fulltext": "384\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nlor, captain Lafayette Stradling, first lieutenant John G. Stout,\\nsecond lieutenant.\\nOctober 29th, 1861, Company G was organized. Simon\\nKahnweiler, captain Spencer S. Bower, first lieutenant Ben-\\njamin F. Britton,- second lieutenant.\\nOctober 29th, 1861, Company H was organized. Orrin B.\\nFaussett, captain Christian Fell, first lieutenant Patrick\\nO Neil, second lieutenant.\\nNovember 7th, 1861, Company A was organized. John R.\\nBeatty, captain F. Augustus Auten, first lieutenant.\\nNovember 7th, 1861, Company I was organized. Joseph C.\\nMayer, captain George W. Paulley, first lieutenant James\\nRonan, second lieutenant.\\nNovember 7th, 1861, Company C was organized. Job Moore\\nBennett, captain Thomas S. Stephens, first lieutenant James\\nH. Wilson, second lieutenant,\\nNovember 15th, 1861, the Jackson Guards were organized.\\nJames O. Sullivan, captain John Cahill, first lieutenant\\nMichael Spain, second lieutenant.\\nNovember 22d, 1861, Company D was organized. Michael\\nDewan, captain William K. Bendel, first lieutenant William\\nG. Middleton, second lieutenant.\\nNovember 7th, 1861, the Trenton Rifles were organized.\\nJohn Winter, first lieutenant Frederick Manheck, second lieu-\\ntenant.\\nDecember iSth, 1861, the City Guards were organized.\\nSimon Kahnweiler, captain Henry Thoene, first lieutenant\\nJohn Thines, second lieutenant.\\nDecember nth, 1868, Company B, National Guard, was\\norganized. John Dobbins, captain John W. Barber, first lieu-\\ntenant John Zehner, second lieutenant. Captain Dobbins re-\\nsigned, and John Schofield was elected captain on January 17 th,\\n1871. July 2ist, 1871, James C. Manning was elected captain,\\nand Ambrose Hendershot, second lieutenant.\\nAugust 19th, 1869, Company C was organized. Henry A.\\nSpeeler, captain; Sheffield Tuesday, first lieutenant; Henry\\nLawton, second lieutenant.\\nAugust 20th, 1869, Company D was organized. John H.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0410.jp2"}, "411": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n385\\nLeary, captain Edward Mullen, first lieutenant Michael Cant-\\nwell, second lieutenant. Captain Leary died, and Robert S.\\nJohnston was elected captain on November 15th, 1870, and\\nJames Campbell, second lieutenant, September 14th, 1869.\\nOf the companies formed in 1861, the Wilson Zouaves, Union\\nLight Infantry, Olden Guards, Wilkinson Volunteers, Jersey\\nBlues, Company B, National Guard, Stevens Guards, Livings-\\nton Guards, Lewis Guards, Belville Guards, Jersey Blues, sec-\\nond, and Company H, took part in the suppression of the rebel-\\nlioi\\nThere was no state in the Union that showed a clearer record\\nduring the last war than New Jersey, Out of ninety-eight thou-\\nsand eight h mdred and six men liable to do military duty, she\\nsent into the field during the struggle eighty-eight thousand\\nthree hundred and five, being an excess over all calls made by\\nthe executive ot the United States of ten thousand and fifty-\\nsever, rnd within ten thousand five hundred and one of her\\nentire mili\\ne expenses were as follows:\\nAccoutrements, ^16,035\\nArresting deserters, _ _ _ _ ^02 85\\nArms and am.munition, _ _ 9,701 52\\nAdvance pay, 60,278 00\\nArmy transportation, 74,032 09\\nBarracks and quarters, I3Ij59399\\nBooks and stationery, 5,438 32\\nBounty, 5,950 00\\nCommandants in charge of camps of rendezvous, 17,718 54\\nCommissioners to conduct the draft, 3j974 37\\nCamp and garrison equipage, -161, 163 64\\nClerk hire, 135,825 42\\nCarting and freight, 19,740 96\\nClothing, 889,448 96\\nEquipments, 18,074 03\\nEnrolling, 7,363 62\\nExamining surgeons, 4,364 95\\nExpenses of volunteer surgeons and nurses, 655 84\\nForage, 40,099 61\\n2k", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0411.jp2"}, "412": {"fulltext": "386\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nHospital expenses, ^17,728 50\\nHorses, 310,420 00\\nMiscellaneous, 35)548 72\\nOrdnance and ordnance stores, 499,905 37\\nOrganizing militia preparatory to draft, 7jOi8 62\\nPay, 39,577 38\\nPremiums, .--.--_ 16,376 00\\nPrinting, 42,790 87\\nPostage and telegraphing, 8,805 75\\nRecruiting, -.---._ 51,618 84\\nSubsistence, 174,290 81\\nTransportation, 88,442 42\\nTotal expenses, ^2,894,384 99\\nThere were no troops in the field better supplied with every-\\nthing that contributed to their comfort and effectiveness than\\nwere those from our state.\\nOn the 23d of March, 1865, an act was passed to incorporate\\nthe Soldiers Children s Home, and upon its being determined\\nto locate it here, the sum of five thousand dollars was appropri-\\nated towards its maintenance.\\nThe home was located near Millham, but the buildings were\\nsoon found to be too small, and a site was purchased on the\\nSandtown road, and commodious buildings were erected thereon.\\nThe institution was established originally in Jersey City. An\\nappropriation of five thousand dollars was granted by the legis;\\nlature. When the home was removed to Millham, Mrs, W. L.\\nDayton was chosen president Mrs. J. S. Davenport, and Mr-s.\\nA. G. Richey, vice presidents Miss M. A. Hall, treasurer, and\\nM. F. Johnson, secretary, with a board of directors residing in\\nJersey City and Trenton.\\nTheir house at Millham being uncomfortable, and a consider-\\nable distance from the city, and being unable to rent a suitable\\nbuilding, they purchased the house No. 92 Warren street, for\\nfour thousand dollars. The average number of children in the\\nhouse up to 1866, was about forty.\\nAt the suggestion of Governor Parker, the Camden and Am-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0412.jp2"}, "413": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n387\\nboy Railroad Company gave them the munificent donation of\\neight thousand dollars.\\nFrom the second annual report made to the legislature in\\n1867, we condense the following:\\nWhile reviewing the past year, we would offer most earnest\\nthanksgiving to our Father in Heaven for his unnumbered bless-\\nings. Unusual sickness has prevailed in the city among chil-\\ndren the joy of many a household has been taken away, but no\\nserious illness visited us. The death angel passed by the home.\\nWe have to-day an unbroken circle of healthy, happy children\\norphan, children, whose fathers fell on almost every battle-\\nfield, consecrating the soil of every southern state.\\nThough the graves of these patriots may not be decorated\\nwith beautiful but perishing flowers, they are not forgotten.\\nTheir memory is green in the hearts of our people, and the\\nprinciples for which they sacrificed their lives form yet the\\nfoundation of our government, and, like the sturdy oak, are but\\nmore firmly rooted by the fierce and stormy trials of the last few\\nyears.\\nThe new home was completed in January, 1867, and up to\\nthis time has cost the state sixty thousand five hundred dollars.\\nIt is exceedingly plain in its external appearance, while in its\\ninterior everything has been done in its arrangement to make it\\na comfortable, pleasant home. There is connected with it seven\\nacres of land, upon two of which is a delightful grove, giving\\nabundant room for garden, play-grounds, c. It will only be\\noccupied for its present purpose ten years from the time of its\\nfirst occupancy, when it will be turned over to the state, and\\ncan be turned into a reform school for juvenile offenders, or\\nbe devoted to some other charitable purpose.\\nThe house contains spacious and well-arranged school rooms,\\ndining rooms, dormitories, and play rooms, those for the boys\\nand girls being in different wings. They are together in school\\nand at meals there being many brothers and sisters among\\nthem, the managers desire to cherish and cultivate a fraternal\\naffection.\\nThe building is of brick, two stories high, with attic and base-\\nment. The centre building contains class rooms, committee", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0413.jp2"}, "414": {"fulltext": "388 HI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\nand matron s room, two nurseries, sewing room, kitchen, and\\nlaundry. In the basement of the east wing is a play room ex-\\nclusively for girls, and an ironing room. On the first floor is a\\nschool room fifty by forty feet, furnished with desks for one hun-\\ndred and forty pupils, piano, black-boards, maps, cards, c.\\nOn the second floor there are dormitories for girls, and bath\\nroom, :c. In the basement of the west wing there is a store\\nroom and boys play room. Opening from each play room is\\nthe wash room, with basins, towels, glasses, combs, c. On\\nthe first floor is the dining room, fifty by forty feet, with tables\\nand seats for one hundred and fifty, each child having its own\\nplace. The house is heated by furnaces and lighted with gas.\\nFrom the report for the year ending 1870, we learn that they\\nhave had under their care in the institution, two hundred and\\nforty-eight children, but at the time of rendering the report\\nthere were two hundred and twenty-two. Of this number one\\nhundred and twenty-seven were boys, and ninety-five girls, sev-\\nenteen being entire orphans; one hundred and sixty-nine have\\nno fathers, and thirty-six have both parents living, in which case\\nthe father is either disabled by wounds or illness, or is, from\\nother causes, unable to provide for his children.\\nThey have a Sunday-school, under the superintendence of Mr.\\nThomas J. Stryker, with a suitable library, and on one Sunday in\\neach month services are held by some of the various clergymen\\nof this city, at the home on the intervening Sundaj s the chil-\\ndren are taken by their teachers to the different churches.\\nThere are five teachers in the school, who instruct the children\\nin the fundamental branches of a plain English education.\\nMiss Campbell is matron, and Drs. Charles Hodge and Rich-\\nard R. Rogers have given their services as physicians, gratui-\\ntously, ever since the opening of the home.\\nThe 4th of July is usually celebrated with appropriate ad-\\ndresses from friends of the institution, and songs and dialogues\\nby the children.\\nOn Thanksgiving day an excellent dinner is usually provided,\\nand Christmas is pre-eminently the children s day, as it is made,\\nas far as possible, a pleasant day for them. A Christmas tree,\\nwith a gift for each child, constitutes that part of the ceremo-\\nnies of the day which renders the little ones happy.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0414.jp2"}, "415": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XXV.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Fire Departimni Fire Association for tlie Relief of Disabled\\nFiremen Firemen^ s Beneficial Association Fire Companies\\nUnion Restoration Hand-in-Hand Resolution Eagle\\nDelaware Good Will Harmony Tj-enton Hose, No. i\\nAmerica Hose, No. 2 Hook and Ladder Companies Protec-\\ntion Trenton Hose.\\nTHE first ordinance organizing and regulating the fire de-\\npartment was passed May 5th, 1846.\\nIt provided that the department should consist of a chief\\nengineer, two assistants, eight fire wardens, and such firemen\\nand hosemen as were then, or should thereafter become, attached\\nto the several fire engine and hose companies of this city.\\nThe members of the several companies were to meet on the\\nthird Monday of May in each year, at the City Hall, at seven\\no clock in the evening, for the election of a chief engineer and\\ntwo assistants. This ordinance not being satisfactory, they did\\nnot all come under its provisions, but continued to act indepen-\\ndent, until October 9th, 1854, when common council passed\\na new ordinance, which provided for a chief engineer\\nand as many assistants as there were companies connected\\nfrom time to time with the department, who constituted a board\\nof engineers. The several companies connected with the de-\\npartment were to meet in their several engine-houses on the first\\nMonday of November in each year, and elect an engineer to\\nrepresent them in the board.\\nThe board were to elect a chief and two assistants, within one\\nweek after their election.\\nThe chief engineer was, at fires, to have sole and absolute\\n2k*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0415.jp2"}, "416": {"fulltext": "590\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ncontrol and command over all the engines and persons con-\\nnected with the department, and in his absence the assistants\\nwere to act by seniority.\\nThis ordinance, for a while, seemed to be satisfactory, and the\\nseveral companies in due time availed themselves of its pro-\\nvisions by signifying their assent to the board of engineers, and\\nsending a representative to that body, with authentic credentials.\\nThrough what was considered by some of the companies un-\\nwarranted action on the part of the board of engineers in 1859,\\nin regard to the companies located in the southern part of the\\ntown, the ordinance became a dead letter, the firemen refusing\\nto act under it, and failing to elect representatives to the board\\nof engineers.\\nIn 1 866 the different companies appointed delegates, who met\\nin convention, and drew up an ordinance, which they presented\\nto common council, and asked that body to adopt it as a satis-\\nfactory one, which is the law which now governs the depart-\\nment.\\nThe mode of electing the board of engineers is similar to\\nthat prescribed by the ordinance of 1854, but it differs from that,\\nas it gives one assistant north and south of the creek.\\nThe following persons have held the office of chief engineer\\nJohn P. Kennedy, William J. Idell, Jonathan S. Fish, Charles\\nMoore, John G. Gummere, Samuel P. Parham, A. S. Livings-\\nton, Levi J. Bibbins, Charles C. Yard, and John A. Weart. The\\nlast named is the present efficient chief, and has held the posi-\\ntion since 1S66, with the exception of the years 1869 and 1870.\\nOn the 1 2th of November, 1855, a meeting of the board of\\nengineers and the presidents of the different fire and hose com-\\npanies was held at the Union engine-house, for the purpose of\\norganizing an association under an act of the legislature entitled\\nAn act to incorporate benevolent and charitable associations,\\napproved March 9th, 1853, for the relief of the members of the\\nfire department organized under the ordinance of the city, who\\nmay become sick or disabled in the discharge of their duty as\\nfiremen, and to provide for the decent burial of such as may die\\nwithout leaving sufficient means for that purpose.\\nThe name adopted was The Fire Association for the Relief\\nof Disabled Firemen of the City of Trenton.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0416.jp2"}, "417": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0391\\nThe officers elected were A. S. Livingston, president Jona-\\nthan S. Fish, vice president Cliarles Moore, secretary Joseph\\nG. Brearley, treasurer.\\nOn tlie 13th of November, Mr. Livingston addressed a letter\\nto the president of the Commonwealth Fire Insurance Company\\nof New York, concerning a donation for the association from\\nthe underwriters, upon the fire at the mill of Gaunt Derrick-\\nson, on the water power, and on the 24th received the following\\nreply, which formed the nucleus of the association. He says\\nYours of the 13th inst. would have received an earlier\\nreply but for the absence of Mr. Wilmarth, chairman of the\\ncommittee that settled the loss of Messrs. Gaunt Derrickson.\\nAt his request I now have the pleasure to inform you that\\nthe amount contributed by the insurance companies of this city\\n(New York) interested in the loss (say four hundred and thirty-\\nseven dollars and fifty cents), has been paid to me, and your\\ntreasurer s draft for that sum will be honored.\\nI doubt not the Delaware Mutual will gladly add their pro-\\nportion, sixty-two dollars and fifty cents, making the sum five\\nhundred dollars for your Fire Association for the Relief of Dis-\\nabled Firemen of the city of Trenton.\\nIt affords me peculiar pleasure to be the organ of communi-\\ncation with you on this subject, and to assure you of the high\\nestimation in which your fire department is held by the insurance\\ncompanies of this city interested in the loss.\\nHoping that your fund may always be equal to any and all\\ndemands made upon it,\\nI am, with great respect, your obedient servant.\\nJoseph Hoxie.\\nThe above communication was presented to the association\\nDecember loth, by Mr. Livingston, and at the same meeting he\\nreported that he had also received twenty-five dollars, from the\\nBucks County Contributionship.\\nThe first funeral benefit was fifteen dollars paid on account of\\nfuneral expenses of Henry Nice, March 12th, 1856, since which\\ntime the expenses of thirteen have been paid, amounting, in the\\naggregate, to two hundred and fifty-one dollars and thirty-eight", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0417.jp2"}, "418": {"fulltext": "392\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\ncents. The invested fund amounts at the present time to cur\\nthousand six hundred dollars.\\nThe present officers of the association are George Faiman,\\npresident Edward Steepy, vice president Charles B. Cogill,\\nsecretary; A. S. Livingston, treasurer.\\nThe funds of the association are derived from the tax on all\\nforeign insurance companies, whether fire, life, accident, marine,\\nor live stock, doing business in this state.\\nUnder the act of the legislature, approved April 9th, 1867,\\neach foreign insurance company is required to pay the secretary\\nof state a license of fifty dollars, and a tax of two per centum\\non all premiums received by said companies in this state for the\\npreceding year, for the support of the fire association located in\\nthe town where the agency exists.\\nThe usual certificate was made out and filed in the county\\nclerk s office, and the association became incorporated under the\\nabove act.\\nThe credit of organizing this association belongs to A. S.\\nLivingston, Esq., at that time our worthy and efficient chief\\nengineer.\\nA. S. Livingston and J. S. Fish were appointed a committee\\nto draw up a constitution and by-laws for the government of the\\nassociation, to be submitted to the next meeting, which was\\nadopted December loth, 1853.\\nIn 1870, the firemen formed an association called The Fire-\\nmen s Benefit Association, the object of which was to con-\\nsider any and all matters that would tend to benefit the depart-\\nment. It was through the influence of this association, all the\\ncompanies working in concert, that the present mode of support\\nof the department was inaugurated. They also attend to getting\\nup benefits, as their name implies, for the good of the entire\\ndepartment. This association was originated by the whole de-\\npartment, and is composed of three delegates from each com-\\npany, who hold monthly meetings at the different engine and\\nhose-houses. They meet for the purpose of exchanging senti-\\nments upon matters relating to the department, and any question\\nproposed relating to the same is decided by a majority of the\\nassociation.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0418.jp2"}, "419": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n393\\nThis association .has done more to reconcile the various con-\\nflicting interests in our department than anything previously\\ndevised, and tends to unite the members more closely together\\nas a band of brothers working for the common good, than any-\\nthing else previously devised could do.\\nThe association was organized at the Good Will engine-house\\nin January, 1870.\\nThe delegates from the Union Company were Harvey Ham-\\nmill, Peter Mutchler, Stephen O. Lanning; Hand-in-Hand\\nJames S. Kiger, Peter M. Kafer, Charles W. Biles America Hose\\nWilliam McGill, James Connell, Charles C. Yard j Eagle\\nRobert S. Johnston, Charles S. Jones, Charles Dougherty; Good\\nWill, William H. Barton, Frank H. Taylor, William M. Van\\nSickel Delaware Walter Fagin, John B. Warner, John Tyr-\\nrell Harmony Frank Pashley, Oliver Howell, Charles Zehner.\\nThe following are the present officers William H. Barton,\\npresident Robert S. Johnston, vice president Frank Pashley,\\nsecretary Charles W. Biles, assistant secretary James S. Kiger,\\ntreasurer.\\nThe pride of our city is our fire department. We have now\\nseven steam fire engines, fully equipped with everything neces-\\nsary to insure efi ectiveness, one hose company, and one hook and\\nladder truck in addition to this, each steamer runs a hose car-\\nriage, all of which is done at an average expense to the city of\\nabout ten thousand dollars per year. An effective paid depart-\\nment would cost about double this sum.\\nWe can boast of having the oldest company in the United\\nStates, which has kept up an unbroken organization from 1747 to\\nthe present time, a period of one hundred and twenty-five years.\\nOn the evening of the 7th of February, 1747, Mr. Obadiah\\nHowell, George Ely, John Hunt, William Plaskett, and Thomas\\nTindall met at the blacksmith shop, situate on the corner of\\nGreene and Front streets, (and afterwards occupied by Jacob\\nWarner), for the purpose of forming a fire company. At this\\nfirst meeting they appointed Mr. Obadiah Howell a committee\\nto procure buckets, baskets, fire-hooks, and ladders. Messrs. Ely\\nand Plasket were appointed a committee to draft a constitution.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0419.jp2"}, "420": {"fulltext": "394\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nAfter talking over the matter of organization, they adjourned\\nto meet the next evening, at which time William Plaskett was\\nappointed chairman, and Thomas Tindall, clerk.\\nThey again met on the 8th, at the same place the articles\\nwere read and discussed, and a question arose as to the name of\\nthe company Mr. Ely advocating the name of Union, in con-\\nsequence of there being at that time a company in Philadelphia\\nby that name.\\nIt was then resolved that the name should be Union Fire\\nCompany.\\nMr. William Plaskett was elected treasurer, the office at that\\ntime being captain and president, and Mr. George Ely was\\nelected clerk.\\nThese gentlemen continued to act in that capacity until 1751,\\nwhen Obadiah Howell was elected president.\\nThe regular meetings of the company were held once a year,\\nand a special meeting was held on the Monday night next after\\na fire.\\nThe oldest complete constitution of the company in their\\npossession was adopted February 13th, 1792, and commences as\\nfollows\\nArticles of the Union Fire Company of Trenton, instituted\\nthe 8th day of May, 1747; revised and corrected the 5th day\\nof May, 1783; revised and amended the 13th day of February,\\n1792.\\nThe original constitution was signed by the following mem-\\nbers Hezekiah Howell, Conrad Kotts, Charles Axford, Benja-\\nmin Smith, Joseph Milnor, John Singer, Abraham Hunt, Isaac\\nBarnes, George Ely, James Ewing, Moore Furman, Samuel\\nLeake, Samuel W, Stockton, Maskell Ewing, James F. Arm-\\nstrong, Samuel Taylor, Joseph Brumley, William Tindall, Rob-\\nert L. Hooper, Pontius D. Stelle, John Potts, and James M.\\nMcKinley,\\nFrom the above names it will be observed that the Union Fire\\nCompany was composed of some of the very best citizens, men\\nprominent in public life, and also members of the Presbyterian\\nChurch, of which Rev. James F. Armstrong was pastor at that\\ntime.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0420.jp2"}, "421": {"fulltext": "HIST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\n395\\nThe company was incorporated by an act of the legislature,\\nDecember 29th, 1824.\\nIts incorporators were Isaac Barnes, Samuel McClurg, Daniel\\nBellerjeau, John R. Tucker, James Hillman, and John D. Green.\\nIn 1772, the company purchased a small engine of James\\nGibbs, of Philadelphia, which was worked by two men, they\\nbeing Peter Smythe and Joseph Milnor.\\nIn 1786, they purchased a larger one of Parniel Gibbs, also\\nof Philadelphia, for one hundred pounds.\\nJune 5th, 1786, the president informed the company that Mr.\\nParmel Gibbs, who made the new engine, was in town, and that\\nthey were called to determine about said engine, which engine\\nnot being satisfactory to the company, Mr. Gibbs agreed that\\nthe company should keep the same on paying him fifty pounds\\nnow, until he could make one that would be satisfactory. Mr.\\nJames Ewing and Charles Axford were appointed a committee\\nto settle with Mr. Gibbs.\\nAugust 7th, it was ordered that Mr. Barnes do purchase ma-\\nterials to repair the little engine, and that the treasurer do pay\\nfor the same. At the same date, M. Ewing and Charles Ax-\\nford, Jr., reported that they had waited on Mr. Gibbs, and paid\\nhim fifty pounds, as directed, and had entered into an agree-\\nment with him to make a new engine for the company, for one\\nhundred pounds, and to use the present engine until the new one\\nwas completed.\\nNovember 6th, 1786, Isaac Barnes, who was ordered to pur-\\nchase materials for finishing the little engine, reported that he\\nhad complied with the order, and the treasurer was directed to\\npay the account, one pound seventeen shillings and four and a\\nhalf pence but that in his opinion an addition to the pipe was-\\nnecessary when he was ordered to get the pipe lengthened.\\nAugust 6th, 1787, the clerk reported that one of the pumps\\nbelonging to the large engine was out of order, and Mr. Barnes\\nhad repaired the same at the cost of five shillings.\\nFebruary 5th, 1791, it was ordered that Messrs. Armstrong\\nand Taylor be a committee to have a good trail rope put to both\\nengines, and a necessary harness for one horse for the large en-\\ngine. The members being at one time required to give an\\naccount as to whether they had done their duty, it is entered", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0421.jp2"}, "422": {"fulltext": "296 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nthat Mr. Armstrong, the ladder man No. i, attended and\\nbrought forth his ladder and hook to the late fire.\\nAugust 6th, 1788, the company having no house for their\\nsmall engine, Mr. Hezekiah Howell offered them ground to\\nbuild one on, adjoining his house and church lot, and Mr.\\nCharles Axford, Jr., agreed to undertake the building of the\\nsame.\\nFebruary 4th, 1788, Mr. Axford reported that, agreeably to\\nthe order of the company, he had built a house for the snail\\nengine, and that it wanted a lock.\\nNovember ist, 1790, the small engine-house was removed\\nopposite, on the lot of Miss Barnes. This house was built on\\nthe corner of the lot of St. Michael s Church, and afterwards\\nremoved opposite, near where the Third Presbyterian Church\\nnow stands.\\nThe following gentlemen subscribed the sum of one pound\\nten shillings each, for the purpose of purchasing a new en-\\ngine in July, 1785: Samuel Leake, Samuel W. Stockton,\\nMaskell Ewing, James Mott, Aaron Dunham, James F. Arm-\\nstrong, Samuel Taylor, Joseph Brumley, William Tindall, Rob-\\nert L. Hooper, John Potts, James M. McKinley, Pontius D.\\nStelle, Thomas Atkinson, Peter Gordon, Randle Rickey, George\\nEly, Peter Payan, Philip Fester, Albert M. Collins, Lewis\\nEvans, Roger Parmele, Jonathan Doane, John Rickey, Jr.,\\nJohn Raum.\\nIn 1798, James Ewing was elected president, John Sutterly,\\nsecretary, and Peter Gordon, treasurer. At that time the com-\\npany was composed of thirty-two active members. The annual\\nexpenses at this time were about four hundred dollars, exclusive\\nof the cost of fire buckets and extraordinary expenses. The\\ncompany had two engines, one stationed in Trenton and one\\non Mill Hill. Ellett Tucker was captain of the large engine,\\nand John Sutterly of the small one.\\nIn 1810, Benjamin Smith was elected president, the number\\nof members being forty-three.\\nIn 1 81 3, Isaac Barnes was elected president, the number of\\nmembers baing twenty-eight. This year the company added\\nsix fire ladders and seven fire hooks to their apparatus. The", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0422.jp2"}, "423": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n397\\nsame year the company resolved to pay one dollar to the person\\nwho should first ring the Presbyterian and State House bells for\\nan alarm of fire.\\nUp to the year 1822, all the members of the company were\\nrequired to be house-holders in this city. In this year the con-\\nstitution was so amended as to admit young men as members.\\nThe same year the two engines were sold, and the one now in\\nPennington was bought by the company.\\nIn 1823 the company built a house in State street, near the\\nGovernment House, at an expense of three hundred and fifty\\ndollars.\\nIn 1832, they purchased their double-decker of the Reliance\\nCompany, of Philadelphia, and on October 3d, 1848, they had\\nit rebuilt by John Agnew, of Philadelphia, and in July, 1849,\\nthey had a new suction put in it. It was sold in March, 1855,\\nto a company in Belvidere, for four hundred dollars. In 1836,\\nthey removed their house from the government lot to Academy\\nstreet, near the old buttonwood tree.\\nIn March, 1856, the company purchased a hand engine, piano\\nstyle, of Mr, Button, of Waterford, New York, at an expense of\\ntwelve hundred dollars.\\nIn August, 1864, the company sold this engine to the Union\\nFire Company, of Lambertville,\\nOctober 3d, 1865, they received the steamer now in use by\\nthe company.\\nIt was built by Mr. Button, of Waterford, New York, and is\\na third-class engine.\\nJune 14th, 1870, they purchased their iron-gray horses.\\nThe company at present has sixty-four active members. Its\\nofficers are Jacob R. Freese, president; Daniel Lodor, vice-\\npresident James F. McClurg, secretary Joshua Jefferies, trea-\\nsurer.\\nAmong the members of the Union Fire Company we find the\\nfollowing who have held prominent positions among their fellow-\\nmen:\\nRev. James F. Armstrong, pastor of First Presbyterian\\nChurch in 1787, and chaplain in General Sullivan s brigade in\\n1777; John Beatty, physician, commissary-general of prisoners\\n2l", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0423.jp2"}, "424": {"fulltext": "39S\\nHI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\nin the revolutionary war, president Trenton Bank, president\\nDelaware Bridge Company, member of continental congress in\\n1776, and member of house of representatives at Washington;\\nIsaac Collins, publisher New Jersey Gazette in 1777, printer\\nof the first Testament and Bible issued from the press in this\\ncountry Thomas] Cadwalader, the first chief burgess of Tren-\\nton in 1746 Joseph Clunn, captain in a state regiment in 1776\\nJohn Dagworthy, Jr., was a merchant j Maskell Ewing was\\nclerk of the assembly twenty years James Ewing, auditor in\\n1785, member of the legislature in 1774, and mayor from 1797\\nto 1803; Moore Furman, deputy quartermaster-general, and\\nfirst mayor of Trenton in 1792 Peter Gordon, captain in the\\nrevolutionary war in 1777, commissioner on damages sustained\\nby the inhabitants of this state in 1781, and state treasurer\\neighteen years; Abraham Hunt, merchant; Robert Lettis\\nHooper, vice president of council, and the man who first laid\\nout Mill Hill and Bloomsbury for a town William Churchill\\nHouston, receiver of continental taxes from 1782 to 1785, clerk\\nof the Supreme Court from 17S1 to 1788, professor of mathe-\\nmatics and natural philosophy in Princeton College, five times\\nelected member of Congress, first in 1779, one of the commis-\\nsioners at Annapolis who suggested the convention which\\nformed the constitution John P. Kennedy, chief engineer of\\nthe fire department Samuel Leake, counselor-at-law Joseph\\nMilnor, merchant; James Mott, state treasurer in 1785; Imlah\\nMoore, chief engineer Rev. John Mott, captain in the revolu-\\ntionary war; William Boswell, sheriff and United States assessor\\nof internal revenue William Napton, sheriff, member of assembly,\\nand mayor Joel Parker, governor Samuel P. Parham, chief\\nengineer Jonathan S. Fish, member of assembly, city treas-\\nurer, and chief engineer Andrew Reed, treasurer of Trenton\\nCornelius Ringo, adjutant-general continental army; Samuel\\nWitham Stockton, secretary of the American commission to\\nthe courts of Austria and Prussia, alderman of Trenton in 1792,\\nand secretary of state in 1794; William Tindall, clerk in com-\\nmissary department in the revolutionary war, commissioner to go.\\neast to exchange prisoners with the Indians, collector of revenue\\nfor this district Samuel Tucker, sheriff of Hunterdon, mem-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0424.jp2"}, "425": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n399\\nber of assembly, president of continental congress, justice of\\nthe Supreme Court, state treasurer, and chairman of the provin-\\ncial committee of safety James W. Wall, United States senator.\\nAfter the organization of the Union Fire Company, and pre-\\nvious to that of the Hand-in-Hand, there was a company in ex-\\nistence called the Restoration, but we have been unable to get\\nany history of it, from the fact of not being able to find any\\nrecords relating to it. The only knowledge we have of it is\\ncontained in the records of the Hand-in-Hand Company, when\\nin 1789 they gave up their engine to the Hand-in-Hand Com-\\npany, upon condition that they put it in repair, in which case\\nthey were to keep it until the Restoration Company reorganized,\\nwhen they had a right to demand their engine, paying the ex-\\npenses of repairing and at the time of fire they expected an\\nequal benefit from said engine.\\n.The Hand-in-Hand Fire Company was organized April 2d,\\n1772, at the house of Renssalaer Williams. The original mem-\\nbers at the date of organization were Joseph Toy, David Cowell,\\nM. D., Renssalaer Williams, Isaac Pearson Rodman, Archibald\\nWilliam Yard, Joseph Clunn, Richard Borden, and Samuel Bel-\\nlerjeau.\\nThe constitution adopted at the date of organization pro-\\nvided in the first article, that each member, within the space of\\nthree months from the date of the adoption of the same, should\\nprovide himself, at his own proper cost and charge, two leather\\nbuckets, one bag, and one convenient basket the bag to be\\nmade of strong osnabergs or wider linen, to contain at least\\nthree yards, with a running string at the mouth which buckets,\\nbag, and basket shall be marked with the name of the person to\\nwhom they belong and company, and shall be hung up near the\\nfront door, as conveniently as may be, for view, in each mem-\\nber s house, to be ready at hand, and to be applied to no other\\nuse than for preserving our own and our fellow-townsmen s\\nhouses, goods, and effects from fire; that each new member\\nwho shall be hereafter admitted shall provide themselves in like\\nmanner, within three months after his admission. And in\\ncase they were not provided, or, after being provided, were not\\nkept in order, a fine of two shillings was imposed for each", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0425.jp2"}, "426": {"fulltext": "400\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nbucket so neglected, and for bag or basket, one shilling each,\\nunless they were lost or rendered useless by a fire, in which case\\nthe loss was to be made up as soon as possible by the treasurer,\\nout of the company s stocks.\\nOn the first notice of fire, they were immediately to repair to\\nthe place, with their buckets, bag, and basket, and there employ\\ntheir best endeavors to extinguish the same and if any house or\\nhouses, goods, and effects belonging to any member of the com-\\npany were likely to be consumed, two of them were immedi-\\nately to repair to the door of each such house or fire, there to\\nstand and deliver such goods as may be saved into the hands\\nof such persons as they shall think proper to intrust them with,\\nto be carried to some place appointed by their owner, where\\none or more was to attend them until they could be conveniently\\nrestored to or secured for the owner and the others members\\nshould, if there be occasion, divide themselves as near as may be\\nto be equally helpful, and that they were to be ready and will-\\ning to help and assist all others. And in case of default in\\ndoing this duty, they were to forfeit and pay five shillings, unless\\nthey could give a sufficient reason to the company at its next\\nmeeting.\\nOn the first alarm of fire in the night-time, every member\\nwas to cause two or more lights to be set up in his windows and\\nsuch of the company whose houses might be thought in danger,\\nwere required to place candles in every room to prevent confu-\\nsion, and that their friends might be able to give them the more\\nspeedy and effectual assistance.\\nThey held their meetings on the first Thursday in every other\\nmonth. The clerk served two months, commencing at the top\\nof the roll, and each one in rotation acted as clerk, and for re-\\nfusal to serve they were fined five shillings. They met, in addi-\\ntion, on the first Thursday evening after each fire.\\nThe treasurer was elected by ballot, at the regular meetings in\\nApril and October, and was, in addition, president of the com-\\npany.\\nThey possessed fire hooks and ladders, which were purchased\\nimmediately upon their organization.\\nAugust 6th, 1772, a proposition was made to raise money to", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0426.jp2"}, "427": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n401;\\nassist the company in purchasing a fire engine, and that a scheme\\nbe set on foot to be called the Fishing Island Lottery, and\\nfor that purpose Messrs. Chambers, Cowell, and Williams were\\nappointed managers to report to the company.\\nOn the expiration of the first six months, the treasurer re-\\nported stock on hand to the amount of five shillings number\\nof persons joined during the year, twelve.\\nJune 3d, 1773, Alexander Chambers, Isaac Pearson Rodman,\\nJoseph Clunn, and Josiah Appleton, Jr., were appointed a com-\\nmittee to settle the lottery account with the managers of said\\nlottery, and on the 25 th of the same month they reported as\\nfollows Balance in hands of David Cowell, twenty-five pounds\\ntwo shillings four-pence Joseph Toy, nine potnids fourteen\\nshillings four and a half-pence Archibald William Yard,\\ntwelve pounds five shillings.\\nThe first fire the company attended was November 25th, 1773,\\nwhich was a building owned by Hezekiah Howell.\\nFrom the date of organization till the regular meeting in\\nDecember, 1776, the company kept up its regular meetings,\\nuntil the war of the revolution, when the enemy was quartered\\nhere, and those favoring the cause of America had to flee, and\\nthe company ceased to hold meetings until February nth,\\n1779.\\nAt the first meeting in 1779, the treasurer reported that he\\nhad in hand thirty-one pounds six shillings and four-pence. At\\nthe same meeting, Alexander Chambers and Renssalaer Wil-\\nliams were appointed a committee to wait on the Restoration\\nFire Company, to ascertain whether they would unite with\\nthem, or whether they would give their engine up to this com-\\npany, upon condition that they put it in repair. On the 4th of\\nMarch, 1779, the committee reported that they had waited on\\nthe Restoration Company, and that they agreed that the\\nHand-in-Hand Company shall take the engine and keep it till\\nthey form a company, and then they have a right to demand the\\nengine, paying the expenses of repairing the said engine, and at\\nthe time of fire they expect an equal benefit of said engine.\\nJacob Benjamin was appointed to provide a pipe for said\\nengine, and at the next meeting he reported that said pipe was\\n2l*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0427.jp2"}, "428": {"fulltext": "402 HI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\ndone at Philadelphia, and presented a bill of one hundred and\\nseventy-five pounds for the same, which was more than the stock\\nof the company a subscription was started for the purpose of\\nraising the amount, and Jacob Benjamin and Josiah Appleton\\nwere empowered to go about and receive the same.\\nIn April, 1780, the treasurer reported that, on account of the\\ndepreciation of currency, he had not been able to collect what\\nwas due the company, whereupon it was unanimously agreed that\\nthe debts should be paid double what they were at the time.\\nIt was not till June, 1780, that the company had doors and\\nlocks to its engine-house, and in August a bill for a lock was\\npresented to the company for sixteen pounds seventeen shillings\\nand six-pence. At this time the first continental money, to the\\namount of eight pounds, was received for fines, and bills were\\npresented for repairs to engine, for new engine pipe, and re-\\npairing engine-house doors, to the amount of two hundred and\\nthirty-two pounds also for putting a new bottom in the engine,\\nforty-one pounds five and shillings.\\nIn 1782, the clerk was authorized to hire out the ladders of\\nthe company at the rate of one shilling per day.\\nIn 1784, Mr. Isaac De Cou presented the company with a\\nnew ladder, for which he received a vote of thanks, and the lad-\\nder was ordered to be hung up at the house of Mr. Chambers,\\nwhere William Reeder then resided, and the clerk was ordered\\nto notify the members of the company to give their assistance\\nin removing the engine-house from the place where it then stood\\nto the lot of Abraham Hunt. In those days it was customary to\\nlocate an engine-house on any vacant lot, and for it to remain\\nthere until the owner desired possession of the lot.\\nThe engine must have been a very small one, for in April\\n1789, James Machett and Isaac De Cou, were appointed to work\\nthe engine at fires.\\nIn August, 1793, Richard Howell, then governor, became a\\nregular active member of the company, and in April, 1796, he\\nwas chosen treasurer.\\nPermission Avas given the company to hang up one of their\\nladders in the market-house.\\nIn June, 1798, it was ordered that the engine-house be re-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0428.jp2"}, "429": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\n403\\nmoved|from the road, and placed on stone pillars close by the\\nhouse where Mrs. Taylor lives, (in State street, where Manning s\\nBuilding now stands,) over the old cellar, and flush with the\\nfence.\\nIn February, t8oi, General John Beatty reported new rules\\nfor the company, separating the offices of treasurer and presi-\\ndent, and making a director who was to fill the position of presi-\\ndent.\\nUnder the new articles, in April, 1801, General John Beatty,\\nwas elected director Alexander Chambers, treasurer Jonathan\\nRhea, clerk, and Alexander Witherup, engineer.\\nIn January, 1804, the director was instructed to make inquiry\\nfor what sum a good engine might be procured, and that a sub-\\nscription list be circulated to raise money to procure a good and\\ncompetent engine, and in February he reported proposals from\\nPhilip Mason, of Philadelphia,- whereupon he was instructed to\\ncontract for a competent engine, the price not to exceed four\\nhundred dollars, and in April he reported that he had contracted\\nwith Philip Mason, for a third-class engine, at the price of three\\nhundred and sixty dollars, which was delivered in June of the\\nsame year, whereupon a committee was appointed to have a\\nsuitable house built on the spot where the old one now stands on\\nthe government lot, and have the old house and engine moved\\nand fixed in some convenient spot on the side of Warren street,\\nabove the tavern-house now owned by the heirs of Mark Thom-\\nson.\\nThe new engine required six persons to manage it.\\nThis year application was made to the common council for\\nfifty fire buckets, to be deposited around town for use in case of\\nnecessity.\\nAt the fire on the 7th of January, in the buildings occupied\\nby Thomas Potter, P. Douglas, and Thomas Cain, a number of\\nbuckets belonging to the company were lost, whereupon the\\nclerk was ordered to set up two or three advertisements, giving\\na description of the lost buckets, which were finally found in a\\nbrick-pond, considerably damaged.\\nIn July, 1805, it was proposed by the Hand-in-Hand Company\\nto bring the two engines together for trial. At the same time a\\ncommittee was appointed to wait on the other fire companies to", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0429.jp2"}, "430": {"fulltext": "404\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nknow whether they would join in procuring new hose, and to in-\\nquire the price of the best quality. The committee reported\\nthat they could do nothing in consequence of the prevalence of\\nthe yellow fever in Philadelphia.\\nIn January, 1806, they again reported that the other compa-\\nnies would not join them in procuring new hose they, there-\\nfore, did not purchase any at that time, but in January, .1808,\\nthey purchased fifty-two and a half feet, at a cost of nineteen\\ndollars and ninety-seven cents. This was the first hose the\\ncompany ever had.\\nIn 1804, the old engine and engine-house were removed from\\nthe government lot, and a new house was built for the new\\nengine, and the old house was removed to the corner of John\\nChambers lot, in Warren street, near where the feeder of the\\nDelaware and Raritan Canal now is.\\nOn the 7th of July, 1804, General John Beatty resigned as\\npresident of the company, having filled the position eight years.\\nIn January, 1810, the subject of building one or more cisterns,\\nor erecting pumps for the purpose of securing a more sufficient\\nsupply of water in time of fire, was agitated. The other com-\\npanies failing to take action in the matter, nothing was at this\\ntime done.\\nIn January, 18 14, the company thinking it necessary for a\\nmore speedy and general alarm in case of fire. Garret D, Wall,\\nJacob Hester, and Thomas Ryall were appointed a committee\\nto cause the academy, Presbyterian Church, and State House\\nbells to be rung immediately upon an alarm of fire this was also\\nadopted by the Resolution Company, and a premium of one\\ndollar was offered to the person who should first ring either of\\nthe above bells, and fifty cents to the person who should ring\\nthe second or third bells. The clerk was also ordered to pro-\\ncure an iron bar for the purpose of raising the cover of the cis-\\nterns, and also two chains to be affixed to the plugs of the logs,\\nApril, 1815, it was resolved to strike out the article in the con-\\nstitution requiring members to keep buckets, and in January,\\n1 81 6, the clerk was ordered to procure for the use of the com-\\npany twenty-one leather buckets, to be kept in the engine-house,\\nand lettered with the words Hand-in-Hand, but in October", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0430.jp2"}, "431": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n405\\nhe was ordered to get the buckets numbered and to distribute the\\nsame among the members, keeping a register of the persons and\\nnumbers of the same.\\nUpon the resignation of General Beatty as president, in 1808,\\nAaron Dickinson Woodruff was elected, and held the position\\nuntil his death, in 1S18, when Gideon H. Wells was elected to\\nthe position.\\nIn October, 1821, Richard L. Beatty requested permission to\\nwithdraw his name from the company in consequence of his\\nappointment as president of the Delaware Fire Company, of\\nBloomsbury.\\nIn June, 1821, Gideon H. Wells withdrew from the company,\\nhaving been elected president of the Eagle Fire Company, of\\nMill Hill, on the 15th of June of that year.\\nOn the 29th of December, 1824, the company was incorpo-\\nrated by an act of the legislature, with the usual corporate pow-\\ners. The capital stock was not to exceed two thousand dollars,\\nbut this was increased, in 1867, to ten thousand dollars.\\nDuring the summer of 1825, Alexander Chambers, who had\\nbeen president of the company nearly three years, and treasurer\\nabout seventeen years, was removed by death.\\nOctober 2d, 1828, a resolution was adopted to admit young\\nmen under twenty-one years of age, this being the first company\\nthat admitted minors. Joseph G, Brearley, being under the age\\nof twenty-one, was the first one admitted under this rule.\\nIn January, 1837, Dr. John McKelway and John Titus were\\nappointed a committee to sell the small engine at private sale.\\nPrevious to 1839 the meetings had been held at the houses of\\nthe members, but that year common council set apart a room in\\nthe City Hall for the meeting of the different fire companies.\\nThere were at this time three companies, the Union, Hand-in-\\nHand, and Resolution.\\nThis year they appointed a committee of three to organize\\nthe boys who had volunteered to take charge of the small engine,\\nunder the control and general supervision of the company. The\\nboys called their engine the Hibernia.\\nThe same year the Union Company organized the boys in", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0431.jp2"}, "432": {"fulltext": "4o6 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nlike manner to take charge of their small engine, under the\\nname of Union, No. 2.\\nIn July, 1848, they procured a new suction engine of Mr.\\nJohn Agnew, of Philadelphia.\\nIn March, 1850, they, by their own request, were accepted\\nunder the city ordinance regulating the fire department, passed\\nin 1847.\\nIn June, 1851, they purchased a hose carriage from the Nep-\\ntune Hose Company, of Philadelphia, at a cost of between four\\nand five hundred dollars, and on the ist of July, the carriage\\nwas brought home by the company. This carriage was run as\\nthe Neptune, the company being divided, one portion running\\nthe engine the other the carriage, though both under the same\\ngovernment. They continued these two organizations until\\n1854, when the Neptune was merged into the Hand-in-Hand,\\nand the engine and carriage were run as one company.\\nIn June, 1854, the engine purchased of John Agnew, in 1848,\\nwas sent back to the shop of Mr. Agnew, to be thoroughly over-\\nhauled and rebuilt, and on the 7th of February, 1855, they re-\\nceived it, thoroughly repaired a,nd repainted.\\nIn February, 1859, they passed stringent resolutions against\\nthe action of the board of engineers in numbering the different\\ncompanies, and instructed their engineer to use his best endeav-\\nors to have said resolution repealed, or to take any other action\\nhis judgment might dictate to restore harmony and good feeling\\nthroughout the department.\\nIn March, 1867, they purchased a bell weighing nine hundred\\npounds, at a cost of about two hundred dollars.\\nThe 2d of April, 1867, being the ninety-fifth anniversary of\\nthe organization of the company, James S. Kiger collated from\\nthe minutes a lengthy and highly-interesting history, which was\\nread on that occasion, in the presence of a number of promi-\\nnent citizens.\\nThe Hand-in-Hand Fire Company may be said to be the\\nmother of four companies at present in existence in our city.\\nFirst, they furnished the president of the Eagle, Gideon H.\\nWells, organized in June, 1821. The same year, and about four\\nmonths later, they furnished a president for the Delaware Fire", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0432.jp2"}, "433": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n407\\nCompany, in the person of Richard L. Beatty. In 1839 they\\norganized the boys into a company, who volunteered to take\\ncharge of the small engine, and be under the control and gen-\\neral supervision of the Hand-in-Hand Company.\\nThis was the original organization of the Good Will Fire\\nCompany, and in 1859, a number of the members withdrew and\\nformed the America Hose Company.\\nThe engine-house stood on the government lot, where the\\nresidence of Mrs. William E. Hunt now stands, after which it\\nwas removed into Academy street, on the southwest corner of\\nthe academy lot.\\nIn June, 1850, it stood on Isaac Heulings lot, in the rear of\\nthe American Hotel, at which time the board of directors re-\\nported they had sold the said house for eighty dollars. At this\\ntime the company entered into a contract with Joseph C. Potts\\nfor the use of the building in Chancery street, in the rear of\\nthe Chancery buildings, at an annual rental of fifty dollars for\\nten years. They remained here until the year 1861, at which\\ntime the city built the house in Willow street, now occupied by\\nthem. The company took possession, and moved the property\\nand apparatus into it on Tuesday afternoon, September loth,\\n1861.\\nThe present steam fire engine was built by Messrs. Clapp\\nJones, of the city of New York, and was received by a public\\nparade July 3d, 186S. It is a horizontal motion engine, with\\none steam cylinder, eight and three-quarter inches in diameter,\\nwith nine inch stroke the pump is five inches in diameter, with\\nnine inch stroke. The boiler is of a drop tube, constructed\\nunder Peter M. Kafer s patent of March loth, 1S68, is thirty-\\nfive inches in diameter, and four feet eight inches high, contain-\\ning one hundred and twenty-eight one and a half inch drop\\ntubes, also twenty-two two inch, and thirty-three one and a half\\ninch smoke flues. This engine weighs four thousand five hun-\\ndred pounds, light, and five thousand two hundred and thirty\\npounds, loaded, ready and complete for service, and will com-\\nmence working with fifteen pounds of steam, which can be\\ngenerated in six minutes.\\nIn the early part of the winter \u00c2\u00a9f 1868, a heating apparatus\\nwas erected in the engine-house, built und\u00e2\u0082\u00acr the patent of Peter", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0433.jp2"}, "434": {"fulltext": "4o8\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nM. Kafer and Joseph M. De Lacy, bearing date May 7th, 1867,-\\nand January 7th, 1868. The object of this arrangement was to\\nkeep the water in the boiler of the engine at any degree of tem-\\nperature desired, even boiling, as it has often occurred that the\\nengine was worked from steam generated by this heater. This\\nkept the engine at all times ready for service at fires in the im-\\nmediate vicinity. It consisted of a furnace or stove, on which\\nwas arranged a small amount of tubing. This tubing being\\nconnected with the engine by two pipes to the boiler of the\\nengine, the connecting cock was so well arranged that when\\nthe engine was pulled ahead, all were operated by the forward\\nmotion of the engine, and during its absence at a fire, the water\\nwould be heated in a small tank. This apparatus required no\\nno other attention than to be supplied with two hods of coal\\nevery twenty-four hours.\\nThe hose carriage purchased by the Neptune Company and\\nrun under that name, has been in constant use ever since it was\\npurchased, but being now nearly used up, the company are\\nabout negotiating for the purchase of a new one Such a one is\\nnow being built by Messrs. Kafer Swan, of this city, members\\nof the company, and known as a three-wheeled tender, con-\\nstructed on principles both scientific and practical, and intended\\nto meet the wants of the department by being light, and easily\\nmanaged and controlled.\\nThe hand engine built by John Agnew, of Philadelphia, was\\nsold about the ist of June, 1867, to Charles Megill, of this city,\\nas agent for a newly-organized company at Owensboro Ken-\\ntucky, which, on reception of the engine, retained the old name.\\nAbout the 27th of January, 1870, the company purchased a\\nteam of horses, which were accepted after due trial, and they\\nwere placed on duty February nth, 1870.\\nNumber of active members since date of organization, four\\nhundred and thirty contributing members, three hundred\\nactive members transferred to honorary list after five years ser-\\nvice, seventy-five number of fires attended, of which a record\\nhas been kept by the company, three hundred and ten.\\nThe following persons, members of the Hand-in-Hand Fire\\nCompany, have held prominent positions in our city, and in our\\nstate and national government", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0434.jp2"}, "435": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON. 409\\nDavid Cowell, M, D., was a senior physician and surgeon in\\nmilitary hospitals; Renssalaer Williams was a justice of the\\npeace, librarian of the Trenton Library Company in 1781, and\\none of the founders of the Trenton School Company, or acad-\\nemy; Joseph Clunn, captain in one of our state regiments in\\nthe American Revolution, and kept an inn, which bore the sign\\nof Alexander the Great; Alexander Chambers, one of the\\ndirectors of the school-house in 1765, the first to establish\\nBloomsbury as a port for sloops Bernard Hanlon kept a woolen\\nmill at Millham, and was also engaged in the auction business\\nJohn Yard was a captain in the revolutionary war John Cape,\\nwas a lieutenant in the continental line, in the revolution;\\nWilliam Douglass was a celebrated physician, and wrote a book\\nentitled A Summary, Historical and Political, of the First\\nPlanting, Progressive Improvements, and Present State of the\\nBritish Settlements in North America, from 1749 to 1753;\\nWilliam Tucker, captain in the revolutionary war; Isaac\\nDeCou, high sheriff of Hunterdon county, and alderman\\nNicholas Bellville was at the head of the medical profession\\nWilliam Smith kept the hotel where Fitch, the inventor of the\\nsteamboat, hired a room, where he carried on the business of\\nsilversmithing, and the manufacture of silver and brass buttons\\nfor peddling Aaron Dickinson Woodruff was attorney-general:\\nof the state twenty-four years, mayor of Trenton three years, a\\nmember of the legislature, and was instrumental in having\\nTrenton selected for the state capital Richard Howell became\\nan active member of the company during the time he occupied\\nthe gubernatorial chair George Holcomb was a major in the\\nrevolutionary army, and afterwards member of the house of\\nrepresentatives at Washington Jonathan Rhea was a major in\\nthe revolutionary army John Beatty was a celebrated physician,\\ncommissary-general of prisoners in the revolutionary army,\\npresident of the Trenton Bank from May, 1815, till his death^\\nMay 30th, 1826, president of the Trenton Delaware Bridge\\nCompany, and laid the foundation stone of the first pier, May\\n2ist, 1804, was a member of the continental congress in 1776,.\\nand afterwards member of the house of representatives at\\n2 M", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0435.jp2"}, "436": {"fulltext": "410 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nWashington Joseph Brittain was the principal owner of the lot\\non which the State House is built Rev. Nathaniel Harris\\nLucius H. Stockton was district attorney of the state, and nomi-\\nnated by President Adams as secretary of war; Samuel T.\\nMachett, city treasurer Garrett D. Wall, United States senator\\nSamuel L. Southard, United States senator, governor and chan-\\ncellor of the state, secretary of the navy, attorney-general of\\nthe state, associate justice of the Supreme Court, and acting\\nvice president of the United States.\\nThe following were the officers of the Hand-in-Hand Fire\\nCompany in July, 1871\\nPresident, Charles B. Cogill vice president, Joseph M.\\nDeLacy; secretary, James S. Kiger; assistant secretary,\\nThomas A. Dempsey financial secretary, Charles W. Biles\\ntreasurer, James A. Howell; foreman, Abram Swan; first\\nassistant foreman, Charles W. Biles; second assistant foreman,\\nMichael Campbell; engineer, Andrew S. Groves; assistant\\nengineers, Joseph Nolen and Thomas A. Dempsey.\\nThe Resolution Fire Company was organized on the 4th day\\nof February, A. D. 1804, and incorporated on the 28th day of\\nDecember, a. d. 1824. The minutes relating to the organization\\ndo not contain anything of special importance. They simply\\nrefer to the organization and its object, without even giving the\\nnames of those who took a prominent part in the organization.\\nFrom what we can gather from the minutes we conclude that\\nZachariah Rossell was called to the chair, and that he con-\\ntinued to be the president of the company for many years\\nthereafter. The ink with which the secretary s name was\\nwritten has grown so very pale that we are not able to make\\nit out. The minutes of the Resolution, from the date of\\nits organization until 1805, do not make mention of anything\\nmore than trials of the engine, and the mere fact that meetings\\nwere held. Among the most prominent members of the Reso-\\nlution were Zachariah Rossell, president Samuel Evans, secre-\\ntary John R. Smith, Lambert Rickey, Timothy Curbs, Robert\\nMcNeely, Charles Ewing, William Hise, William Boswell, John\\nBuckman, John Probasco, William Vanhart, Jasper S. Hill, Wil-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0436.jp2"}, "437": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 41 1\\nliam Kerwood, William Clossen, John Rossell, James J. Wilson^\\nWilliam Gould, Peter Forman, Israel Taylor, Seth Wright,\\nDaniel Coleman, Evan Evans, David Johnson, Thomas C. Ster-\\nling, John Howell, Joseph M. Bispham, Charles Burroughs, Wil-\\nliam Potts, Samuel R. Hamilton, Thomas J.. Str} ker, Timothy-\\nAbbott, Jr., Stacy G. Potts, Philemon Dickinson, William C.\\nBrannin, Henry B. Howell, Edward W, Scudder, Jasper Scud-\\nder, James B. Coleman, and Charles Parker. Many of the\\nabove-named gentlemen have long since died, while some are\\nstill with us, and are engaged in the active pursuits of life.\\nThe rules and regulations of the Resolution Fire Company\\nwere very different from what they are now in the various fire\\ncompanies. The membership was divided into committees,\\nnamel)^, the ladder committee, the alarm committee and the\\nbucket committee. Each committee was required, under penalty\\nof a fine, to attend strictly to the duties assigned it.\\nThis company had one very peculiar rule, which was that\\nof holding a meeting one week after every fire. This was done\\nin order to give the members who were absent from fires an\\nopportunity of explaining their absence.\\nZachariah Rossell seems to have occupied the position of\\npresident of the Resolution during nearly the whole of its\\nexistence, and the office of secretary was filled by Samuel Evans,\\nCharles Burroughs, Charles Parker, Edward W. Scudder, Charles\\nMoore, and Benjamin Moorehouse. The company at first had\\nwhat was called a bucket engine, which in 1839 was given to a\\nparty of boys who pulled it to fires until the Good Will Company\\ncame in possession of it.\\nIn the minutes of July 6th, 1S37, we find the following:\\nThe committee appointed to inquire of the expense of a suc-\\ntion engine made the following report Mr. Farnum, of New\\nYork, offers to furnish an engine, possessing the combined\\npowers of a suction and propelling engine, for the sum of four\\nhundred and fifty dollars. Fie guarantees the engine to throw\\nwater one hundred and fifty feet horizontally, and to be worked\\nwith perfect ease by ten men. By means of an engine of this\\nconstruction the water may be drawn from any reservoir in the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0437.jp2"}, "438": {"fulltext": "Aj^2 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nQity, and^ propelled to any point that the length of hose will\\nlie^chv\\nRespectfully submitted.\\nThomas J. Stryker^\\nWilliam C. Branijin.\\n*f,Thje; \u00e2\u0082\u00acomi)[;iittee are authorized to acc,ept,the;:propositj[9n 0f\\nMr. Farnum, and purchase the engine and sell the old one to\\n.the bestead vantage possible.\\nf/ITii\u00c2\u00a9 engine, when completed, was received by the company\\nin due form. It was a mahogany eiigine, and was much admired\\n-by the citizens. In. those days an engine of that kind was con-\\nsidered; a big thing.\\no (The only bill We find unpaid by the Resolution Fire Company\\n3v ,s a bill: of Stacy Potts for seventy-five cents, for oiling hose;\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0f he cornpany .thinking the bill too large, referred it back to\\nThomas J. Stryker for correction. We presume this bill still\\njrefnajns unpaid, as there is nothing on the minutes to show that\\nfit, was ever satisfied. /w S lo -gaij jorjj a\\n1 .Thei initiation, fee of the: Resolution Fir\u00c2\u00ab Comipany was three\\ndollars, ^,-5ni-\\n^ij Jn the; minutes of October 2d, 1848, we find the following\\n^r,6s(5]lutiolns, which were unanimously adopted\\n^\u00e2\u0096\u00a0.;K First. That Resolution Fire Company do hereby agree to\\nfrecGghize the m\u00e2\u0082\u00acmbers of fhe Good Will Fire Company a s\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0lassbdiate ^and constituted m-embers of this company, they con-\\n/seritiiig thereto^ to atijo y kll the privileges and be subject to all\\nthe duties of this company.\\nSecond. Resolved, That the united members be divided into\\ntferee sections that the duty of No. i section, on the alarm of\\nfire, be to take charge of the Resolution fire engine No. 2 to\\ntake charge of the Good Will engine; No.. 3 to take charge of\\nithe hose carriages and apparatus.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2iij Third. Resolved, That the first meeting of the united com,-\\npanies be held at the call of the Resolution Fire Company.\\nis Fourth. Resolved, That the secretary be requested to pre-\\n!sent these resolutions to the Good Will Fire Company at their\\nmeeting this evening, and report at the next meeting of the\\ncompany.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0438.jp2"}, "439": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n413\\nThe minutes of December 8th, 184S, contain the following:\\nA resolution from the Good Will Fire Company- was consid-\\nered and accepted and ordered to be placed on the minutes, in\\nlieu of those passed at the meeting of this company, and the\\nsecretary of this company gave the Good Will Fire Company\\nnotice of the same. The following was the resolution\\nResolved, That this being an auxiliary company to the Reso-\\nlution Fire Company, its members be admitted to all the privi-\\nleges of the members of the Resolution Fire Company.\\nOn April 2d, 1849, the members of the Resolution Fire\\nCompany severally resigned, and the secretary was authorized\\nto hand all the books and effects to the president of the Good\\nWill Fire Company.\\nBenjamin Moorehouse, Secretary.\\nThe Good Will Fire Company was formally organized on the\\n24tli of January, 1848, but having become auxiliary to the Reso-\\nlution Fire Company, dates its organization from February 4th,\\n1804. Previous to this organization a number of gentlemen had\\nformed themselves into a company, calling themselves the Good\\nWill Company, and used the old bucket engine, as it was\\ncalled, this being the same engine that was used by the Resolu-\\ntion Company previous to the one which was purchased of Mr.\\nFarnum in 1837.\\nCharles Moore presided at the meeting held in the City Hall\\non the 24th of January, 1848, and Peter B. Geary acted as sec-\\nretary. At this meeting Charles Moore, William D. McClain^\\nand Benjamin K. McClurg were appointed a committee to draft\\na constitution and by-laws.\\nThe next meeting was held on the 7th of Februar}^, 1848, at\\nthe City Hall, Charles Moore in the chair Peter B. Geary, sec-\\nretary. At this meeting a committee, consisting of McClurg,\\nMcClain, and Gray, was appointed to procure hats and capes.\\nOn motion, the secretary was requested to prepare a petition to\\npresent to common council, asking for the sum of seventy-five\\ndollars, to make repairs on engines. The engine used by the\\nGood Will Company after it had formally organized was the\\nsame one used by the gentlemen above alluded to, who called\\nthemselves the Good Will Company, The said sum of seventy-\\n2m*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0439.jp2"}, "440": {"fulltext": "w^\\nHIS TO J? Y OF IRENTON.\\nfive I idollars rWas; granted by. council, which, together with the\\n.money raised by subscription, was used in having the engine\\njC;lianged into a, suction engine, and in making other repairs on\\n^liiCjsame. v^nijooai siij\\n(At the meeting held on the 4th-of February, 1848, a consti-\\ntution and by-laws were adopted. This meeting was held at the\\n^printing office of B. F. Yard. The following persons signed the\\nconstitution: Charles Moore, John ^McMilnor, William B.\\nMcdlain, Benjamin K. McClurg, David PuUen, Peter B. Geary,\\nJames F. Starin, George E, Curslys, Richard Callis/ John M.,\\njTunison, Jacob S. Yard, and Aaron Dansbury,\\nJ At the meeting held on the 3d of April, 1848, the committee\\non hats and capes made a report that the hats and capes were to\\ncost two dollars and sixty-four cents per pair, which report was\\nac^ppted.\\nPeter B. Geary held the position of secretary until October\\n2d, 1848, when Benjamin K. McClurg was elected to fill .the\\nl^ac^aiicy,\\nr At the meeting held October 9th, 1848, the following resolu-\\ntion was adopted\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Mesolved,^ That this company, being an auxiliary conir\\npanyjtpi the Resolution Company, its members be admitted to\\nall the privileges of the members of the Resolution Fire Com-\\nj^apy.\\n-ooThis resolution, it will be remembered, was received and\\n^topted by the Resolution Fire Company.\\nf. -The following supplement to, the chartei- af the Resolution\\nFire Company was passed by the legislature February 9th, 1860^\\nWhereas, By resolution passed at a regular meeting of the\\n^esolution Fire Company, held October 2d, 1848, it Avas\\nt I esdlVed that all the rights and privileges of the said Reso-\\nliitioii Fire Company be extended and transmitted to the\\nG ood Will-Connpany of Trenton\\nHt. And he it enacted by the senate and general assembly of\\nihe state of New Jersey, That the corporate name of tliis jCom-\\npany be phanged to the Good Will Fire Contpany of Tre ntpji,.\\nNew jersey.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0440.jp2"}, "441": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON-. 415\\n2d. And be it enacted, That the said company may increase\\nthe number of its members tp one hundred and fifty, and may\\nincrease its capital stock to one thousand dollars.\\n3d. And be it enacted, That all provisions to the act to which\\nthis is a supplement, inconsistent with this act, be and are hereby\\n-repealed.\\nThe first regular election of officers in the Good Will Fire\\nCompany was held on Thursday evening, February loth, 1848.\\nThe following persons were elected officers Charles Moore,\\npresident; P. B. Geary, secretary; John M. Millnor, treasurer;\\n-Charles Moore, Benjamin K. McClurg, William B. McClain,\\nRichard Callis, and James F. Starin, directors.\\nIn August, 1850, the company purchased a new engine, built\\nby Young Son, Philadelphia, at a cost of two thousand dol-\\nlars. The color was red, and it was then considered a very hand-\\n-some engine. On receiving the same the company paraded\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ninety men, fully equipped with red hats, red shirts and black\\npants. This engine they used until they procured their present\\nsteamer, which was built at the Amoskeag works, Manchester,\\nN. H., and received on the 20th of February, 1864. The\\nsteamer cost thirty-two hundred and fifty dollars, and is consid-\\nered one of the best steam engines in Trenton.\\nThe first engine-house occupied by the Good Will Company\\n-was situated on Front street, near Willow. It was an old -one\\nOstory house. The next house occupied by them was situated on\\n.Warren street, on the north side of Coleman s mill.. This was\\n-also an old one story house, with: two planks for a floor to run\\nthe engine on an old stove was rolled against the door for a\\nlock.\\nIn 1849, application was made to council by the company for\\n,a new house, and in the same j ear one was built on Washington\\nstreet, whix:h, at that time, was considered a beautiful building\\nfor an engine company. It occupied this house until 1861.\\nBefore removing therefrom, the company purchased a lot of\\nland on Warren street, where it is now located, from Samuel\\nK, Wilson, which was afterwards conveyed to the city in con-\\nsideration that the city would put up a new house on said\\nland. This the city agreed to do, and until it was completed.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0441.jp2"}, "442": {"fulltext": "41 6 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nthe company housed its apparatus in the building occupied by-\\nCasper Martino, on Greene street. The house it now occupies\\nis a two story brick building, large and convenient, and is one\\nof the best and finest engine-houses in the city. The company\\nhas spared no expense in furnishing the rooms in this building,\\nthe parlor being fitted up as neatly and beautifully as any pri-\\nvate parlor in the city of Trenton. The building has been re-\\ncently enlarged by the addition of a stable. This addition\\nmakes a fine meeting room on the second story, and avoids the\\nnecessity of using the large parlor.\\nThe large tower in the rear of the engine-house was com-\\nmenced in November, 1S69, and was completed in the course of\\nfour or five months thereafter. It is seventy feet high, and sup-\\nplies a much-needed want. The alarm bell hanging therein was\\npurchased by the company January ist, 1S70, of Meneely\\nSon, of Troy, New York, at a cost of eleven hundred dollars.\\nIt weighs nineteen hundred and ninety-seven pounds. The\\ntone of this bell is unsurpassed by any bell in Trenton. It can\\nbe heard in any part of the city, and whenever it strikes it is\\nthe signal for fire. The Good Will Fire Company deserves a\\ngood deal of credit for procuring such a bell. The members of\\nthis company pulled their engine by hand until the 4th of July,\\n187 1. Before this date, however, they had purchased two large\\nand beautiful black horses, at a cost of six hundred and seventy-\\nfive dollars, but did not put them into service until the 4tli of\\nJuly, 187 1. The membership of the company is three hundred,\\nof which number one hundred and thirty-three are fully equip-\\nped, active members. The remaining number is made up of\\nhonorary and contributing members.\\nThe present officers of the company are president, Charles\\nMoore vice president, William H. Barton secretarj^, Charles\\nG. Hillman assistant secretar}^, Charles W. Krier treasurer,\\nA. K. Perry; collector, Sylvester Van Syrkel, Jr.; foreman,\\nFrank H. Taylor assistant foreman, Richard Degraw steam\\nengineer, Thomas Boyd.\\nCharles Moore has filled the office of president since the cr-\\nganization of the company, and the office of secretary has been\\nfilled respectively by Peter B. Geary, Benjamin K. McClurg,\\nCharles Megill, Frank H. Taylor, and Charles G. Hillman.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0442.jp2"}, "443": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OR TRBNTON.\\nmi\\nAmong the oldest members of the Good Will Fire Company,\\nnow, living, are Henry B, Hovvell, Charles Moore,, James Kelly,\\nThoinas E Boyd, James E. Hiljman, J^mes Bt. McGuire, :JFelix\\n.McGuire, Jacob Langstine, William Pearson, John R. Pearson,\\nJames H. Morris, Charles Megill, Charles Bechtel, Jo hp L. Goir-\\n,dqn,, I)avid| Campbell; Jam\u00e2\u0082\u00ac5 WyHe John. W... Cassidy, Franjclin\\nfS. Mills, John Clowney, Henry J. Bennett, and Harvey Howell.\\nJ The Good Will Company was the first equipped fire company\\nin Trenton, and no one can or will deny that it did very\\nmuch toward creating a spirit of emulation in the department\\nand through its earnestness and activity, and the co-operation\\nof the other companies, the rdepartment grew and became the\\npride of every fireman and every citizen.\\nSince their organization, the members of the company have\\ntaken five regular excursions two to Easton, Pa.; one to Phila-\\ndelphia, on which occasion they took part in the great firemen s\\njparade ;as guests to the Hibernia; Fire Company, No. i one to\\nProvidence, R. I., as guests of the whole fire department and the\\nlast to Charlestown, Mass., and Newport, R. I. In Charlestown\\ndhey were the guests of the Howard Fire Company, and at New-\\n-port the guests of No. 5. Upon all these occasions they were\\nc heartily received and kindly cared for. They have received\\nsrriafiy visiting fire companies, and have always extended to them\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0:their hospitalities in the largest degree.\\nf The Good Will Company wore the Philadelphia style of fire\\nihat iUntil sometime in 1863, when it made a change for the\\nNew York style, which style has been adopted throughout the\\ntwhole country.\\nDuring the war, one whole company was made up of members\\nof the Good Will Fire Company. Some, after the war, returned\\nlo mingle again with their friends, while others fell upon the\\nfield of battle while manfully fighting for their country s rights.\\n^The assets of the company are worth about five thousand dollars,\\nc This is in brief a history of the Resolution and Good Will\\n-Fire Companies. A good deal yet remains to be written, but\\nwe have not the space here in which to write it.\\nGideon H. Wells, Robert Chambers, William Aitken, William\\nHankinson, Fairfax Abell, Wollaston Redman, John Aborn,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0443.jp2"}, "444": {"fulltext": "41 8 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nLewis Evans, Foster Hart, Lamar G. Wells, Richard J. Bond,\\nCharles Stevenson, John Mount, Jacob Raum, John Ingleton,\\nJesse Redman, James Hope, Thomas W. Morgan, Charles M.\\nWells, Welling Napton, Thomas Dearth, and George D. Abra-\\nham were the original organizers of the Eagle Fire Compan)%\\nThey met at the house of John Hutchinson, on Friday even-\\ning, the 15th of June, 1821, completed their organization, and\\nadopted a constitution, which sets forth in its preamble, the fol-\\nlowing\\nWe, the subscribers, inhabitants of Mill Hill and its vicinity,\\nfor the greater security of our own and our neighbdrs property\\nfrom loss by fire, do associate and form ourselves into a company\\nto be known and styled the Eagle Fire Company of Mill Hill.\\nAt their first meeting the following ofiicers were elected\\nGideon H, Wells, president; Lewis Evans, vice president;\\nThomas W, Morgan, secretary Jesse Redman, treasurer Robert\\nChambers, inspector.\\nTheir second meeting was held at the same place, Friday\\nevening, June 2 2d, when a bill was presented by Welling Napton,\\nfor seventeen dollars and sixty-seven cents, for lumber for build-\\ning the engine-house, and five dollars for labor, which was\\nordered paid and a bill of R. Chambers for repairs done to the\\nhouse, one dollar, was also ordered paid. Thomas Dearth and\\nWelling Napton were elected engineers, and John Mount, Jacob\\nRaum, Wollaston Redman, Robert Chambers, James Hope, and\\nFairfax Abell, assistants.\\nMessrs. Bond, Mount, and Aborn were appointed a committee\\nto make the necessary inquiries respecting the procuring of\\nbuckets for such members as wished to purchase them.\\nFebruary 22d, 1822, Richard J. Bond was authorized to have\\nthe constitution printed in pamphlet form, and each member\\nsupplied with a copy at twelve and a half cents each. Lewis\\nEvans and Jacob Raum were appointed a committee to have the\\nfront of the engine-house painted and the name of the com-\\npany placed over the door, and on November 7th they reported\\nthat it was unnecessary to have anything further done to the\\nhouse at that time, and were thereupon discharged.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0444.jp2"}, "445": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n419\\nAt a meeting held at the house of John Pearce, Thursday,\\nMay 2d, Stacy G. Potts, James Martin, Cornelius Raum, and\\nJohn Pearce were elected.\\nLewis Evans, Robert Chambers, and Welling Napton were\\nappointed a committee to procure a ladder, and on the 6th of\\nFebruary, 1823, they reported a bill of nine dollars and twelve\\nand a half cents for the same, and were authorized to find a\\nproper place for keeping it, and also to procure hooks for hang-\\ning it up.\\nNovember 7th, 1822, Lewis Evans presented a bill of two\\ndollars and thirty-four cents for painting the engine-house,\\nwhich was ordered paid.\\nThe company then adjourned to meet at the house of John\\nPearce, Thursday, February 6th, at six o clock, at which time\\nsupper was to be prepared for it.\\nMay 6th, 1S24, James R. Tomlinson, the secretary, was au-\\nthorized to have a good and sufficient covering put over the lad-\\nders, and attend to the necessary repairs of the same, and on\\nthe 4th of November he reported the same complete, and\\npresented a bill for two dollars and ninety-three cents, which\\nwas ordered paid.\\nFairfax Abell and Richard J. Bond were appointed a commit-\\ntee to procure fire hooks.\\nMr. C. Raum was authorized, May 6th, 1825, to let out the\\nladders at twelve and a half cents per day for the large one, and\\nsix and a quarter cents for the small one; February ist, 1S27,\\nthey were ordered not to be loaned to any one.\\nFebruary 2d, 1S26, John Whittaker was fined twelve and a\\nhalf cents for not having his buckets painted.\\nFebruary 7th, 1828, Charles M. Wells and Fairfax Abell were\\nappointed a committee to purchase eight feet of hose.\\nAugust 6th, 1829, the engineers were authorized to purchase\\nfour pairs of buckets for the use of the company, which was done\\nat an expense of twenty dollars.\\nFebruary 5 th, 1830, a committee was appointed to apply to\\nthe legislature for an act of incorporation for the company, which\\nwas accordingly passed on the 26th of the same month. The\\nincorporators were Robert Chambers, Fairfax Abell, Richard J.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0445.jp2"}, "446": {"fulltext": "42 b.\\nHIS TOR V OF TRENTON.\\nBond, Wollaston Redman, John Whittaker, and William Wain.\\nThe capital stock was two thousand dollars, which was afterwards,\\nby a supplement approved March nth, 1864, increased to eight\\nthousand dollars.\\nThe meetings of the company were held usually at the hotel\\nof Mrs. Gordon, and the members were in the habit of indulging\\nin the use of liquors, as appears by the following resolution offered\\nby William C. Howell, November 4th, 1S30.\\nResolved, That in future the company abstain from the use of\\nardent spirits in meetings of business and that our usual mode\\nof throwing in our sixpences be continued, and be given for the,\\nuse of the house.\\nThis resolution was laid over from one meeting to the next,\\nuntil May 5th, 1831, when it was considered and lost.\\nFebruary 2d, 1832, the committee appointed at a previous\\nmeeting reported that they had purchased two sections of hose,\\nat an expense of sixty-seven dollars. At the same meeting\\nRichard J. Bond, John A. Hutchinson, and Henry M. Lee were\\nappointed a committee to purchase a tender for carrying the\\nhose, and on the ist of November they reported that they had\\npurchased one at a cost of fourteen dollars and twenty-five cents.\\nNovember 13th, 1833, Richard J. Bond and Fairfax Abell\\nwere appointed a committee to have a new ladder made, and on\\nFebruary 6th, 1834, it was resolved that the old ladder be sold,\\nand that Joseph Whittaker be the auctioneer. The ladder was\\naccordingly put up at auction, and purchased by John Whitta-\\nker for two dollars and fifteen cents.\\nThe house of the company was a small one story building\\nabout sixteen by thirty feet, and located on the lot where the\\ncourt-house now stands, and in front of the southerly end of it,\\non Broad street. North of the engine-house, and adjoining the\\nsame, the hooks and ladders were located, having a covering\\nover them, chained fast to the fence, and locked with a padlock,\\nthe key of which was kept by Cornelius Raum, who occupied\\nthe house on the corner of Broad and Market streets, immedi-\\nately in front of the surrogate s office, and adjoining the engine-\\nhouse.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0446.jp2"}, "447": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n421\\nAugust 4th, 1836, a proposition was made to fit up the lower\\nstory of the Mill Hill school-house for an engine-house, and\\nMessrs. Joseph Whittaker, Robert Aitken, and Wollaston Red-\\nman were appointed a committee to inquire into the expediency\\nand probable cost of fitting up said building, and report to the\\ncompany and citizens of Mill Hill, at the school room, on Wed-\\nnesday evening, the 17th instant.\\nAugust 17th, 1836, the company met, together with such citi-\\nzens of Mill Hill as were disposed to attend, in the school room,\\nat which time the committee appointed to ascertain the probable\\ncost of fitting up the lower story of the school-house for an en-\\ngine-house reported that to build it with a nine inch wall would\\ncost eighty dollars, and to build it with inch boards, plowed and\\ngrooved, would cost about forty dollars. Horace Smith and\\nJoseph Whittaker were appointed a committee to collect money\\nfrom the citizens and members to build the house, and at the\\nmeeting of August 24th, the committee reported that they had\\ncollected funds enough to warrant the undertaking, and Wollas-\\nton Redman, Robert Aitken, and Joseph Whittaker were ap-\\npointed a committee to have the work done, at an expense not\\nexceeding fifteen dollars, and instructed that the same be com-\\npleted in thirty days, and to remove the engine to the new house.\\nThe committee appointed at a previous meeting to have the\\nengine painted reported that the work was now done, and that\\na place had been left for the purpose of inserting a motto.\\nThe question now arose as to what motto they should adopt\\na number of which were proposed by different members, and\\nwere all rejected. The following, proposed by Wollaston Red-\\nman, was unanimously adopted, viz., Efficient Am, which\\nhas stood as the motto of the company ever since.\\nThe committee on building were also authorized to ascertain\\nwhat they could sell the old engine for.\\nThe meetings of the company were then changed from the\\nhotel to the school room.\\nThe cost of fitting up the new house was forty-six dollars and\\neighteen cents.\\nFebruary 2d, 1837, Horace Smith, Richard J. Bond, and\\nWollaston Redman were appointed a committee to dispose of\\n2n", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0447.jp2"}, "448": {"fulltext": "422\\nHI ST OR V OF TRENTON.\\nthe old engine-house by publk sale, to the highest bidder, on\\nMonday, the 13th, between the hours of twelve and one o clock.\\nMay 4th, 1837, the committee reported that they had sold the\\nold engine-house to John Whittaker, for sixteen dollars and fifty\\ncents, and also that during the month of March, the cooper\\nshop of Jared L. Cool, adjoining the engine-house, had been\\ndestroyed by fire, and in order to save the engine-house it was\\nremoved, and in removing it, it was broken to pieces, and Mr,\\nWhittaker having demands against the company for twelve dol-\\nlars and fifty cents, asked the company, in consideration of the\\nloss sustained, to accept his claim as an off-set against it, which\\nwas agreed to.\\nA committee was appointed to inquire the cost of firemen s\\nhats, who reported that they would cost from one dollar and\\nthirty-seven and a half cents to one dollar and eighty-seven and\\na half cents.\\nJoseph Whittaker and Robert Waddell were appointed a com-\\nmittee to procure thirty leather badges with the words Eagle\\nCompany painted on them, to be worn on the hat. The com-\\nmittee procured twenty-five at eighty-one cents each, being one\\nfor each member. The members were required to wear their\\nbadges at all fires, and at every quarterly meeting to work the\\nengine.\\nMay 3d, 1838, Joseph Whittaker and Henry Page were ap-\\npointed a committee to prepare a place to hang the ladders.\\nNovember 5 th, 1841, the custody of the ladders was placed\\nin the hands of George James, with the privilege of hiring them\\nout at twelve and a half cents for one or two hours, and twenty-\\nfive cents per day, and if they were retained over night, fifty\\ncents, without respect to persons, and that he be accountable\\nfor them, and receive twenty-five per cent, on all moneys col-\\nlected for their use.\\nFebruary ist, 1844, four torches were procured at one dollar\\neach.\\nMay 2d, 1844, Joseph Whittaker, John Bucknum, and Ed-\\nward W. Page were appointed a committee to select a location\\nto build an engine-house, and also to ascertain the probable cost\\nof the same.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0448.jp2"}, "449": {"fulltext": "HISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\n423\\nDecember 24th, 1846, Joseph Whittaker and Richard J. Bond\\nwere appointed a committee to solicit donations for the purpose\\nof purchasing a new engine, and Robert Aitken, Joseph A.\\nBond, and James A. Howell were a committee to raise funds for\\nbuilding a new engine-house; and on the 4th of February, 1847,\\nRichard J. Bond and Joseph Whitaker were appointed a com-\\nmittee to purchase a new engine.\\nThe first engine used by this company was built by Pat. Lyon,\\nof Philadelphia, at that time the most celebrated engine builder\\nin the country. The next one was made by John Agnew, of\\nPhiladelphia, in 1847, who was, in his day, also celebrated as an\\nengine builder. This engine was six and a half inch cylinder,\\nten and a half inch stroke, with suction and side stream, the cost\\nof which was seven hundred and seventy dollars.\\nThe engine built by Pat. Lyon worked from the ground, with\\ntwo arms, while that of Agnew s had a gallery and four arms.\\nAt a special meeting held December 30th, 1847, suitable reso-\\nlutions were adopted on the death of Richard J. Bond, who had\\nbeen president of the company since May, 1830, a period of\\nseventeen years, and who was one of the original members at its\\nfirst organization, and at the time of his death the only remain-\\ning one of that number.\\nMay 3d, 1849, it was ordered that the members of the com-\\npany equip themselves with hat and cape at a cost of two dollars\\nand fifty cents device, a spread eagle on hat, with the figures\\n1 82 1, and the letter E on the back.\\nThe engine-house was removed from the academy, and a small\\nhouse erected in Market street, near Jackson, which the company\\ncontinued to occupy until the city built the present house in\\nBroad street, in 1858.\\nIn 1859 a difficulty occurred in the department in conse-\\nquence of the board of engineers numbering the different com-\\npanies. Those in Trenton proper were given the first numbers,\\nand those in that district which had been annexed were num-\\nbered last. This created considerable dissatisfaction among the\\ncompanies affected thereby. The Eagle Company rebelled, on\\nthe ground that its rights were interfered with, and this was\\ncarried to such an extent that the sheriff closed up the house,", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0449.jp2"}, "450": {"fulltext": "424 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nlevied on the property, and sold the hose carriage and other\\nproperty at public sale, to pay the expenses of the suit.\\nDuring this year the Delaware Company was fitting up a new\\nhouse, and had its engine and apparatus housed with the Eagle\\nCompany.\\nUpon closing the house they removed their apparatus to a\\nstable, where it was kept until the Hand-in-Hand Company ten-\\ndered them the use of their house, September, 1859.\\nThe new house of the Eagle Company was dedicated July\\n5th, 1858, and was the first house built by the city, since which\\ntime the city has supplied all the companies with good engine-\\nhouses.\\nThe Eagle Company purchased the first steamer that was\\nbrought to this city, in 1864, which underwent considerable\\nrepairs in 1869.\\nFrom time immemorial it had been the custom for the mem-\\nbers of the company to pull the engine to fires, but when the\\nsteam engines were introduced this mode was found to be\\nentirely too slow, too much labor, and not in accordance with\\nthe progressive times consequently, it was found necessary to\\nhave some greater motive power, and horse power was substituted\\nfor human muscle.\\nThe Eagle Fire Company at present wears the New York style\\nof equipments, about one liundred members being fully equipped.\\nThe first presidents of the Eagle were Gideon H. Wells,\\nRichard J. Bond, and Joseph Whittaker; then followed John O.\\nRaum, who has filled the position about thirteen years, and is\\nthe third oldest active fireman now on the rolls of the company.\\nThe company has made several excursions, one to Lancaster,\\nPennsylvania, and another to New Haven, Connecticut, at which\\ncities they were received in the best possible manner, the most\\nunbounded respect being shown towards them particularly in\\nthe latter city, where receptions, illuminations, and other marks\\nof congratulation were extended to them, not only by the fire-\\nmen, but by the city officers and people generally.\\nThe Eagle at the present day ranks second to no company in\\nthe city. She has had her trials in days gone by, but the more\\nshe has been tried the greater has proved her glory, and the", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0450.jp2"}, "451": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n425\\nEagle has arisen from the fiery ordeal, with her pkimage\\nunruffled, only to soar higher up, and perch herself upon the\\nloftiest pinnacle.\\nOn the 15th of June, 1S71, the Eagle celebrated her fiftieth\\nanniversary by a supper at the engine-house, prepared by John\\nJ. Ford.\\nAmong those present were three of the oldest members John\\nBucknum, who has been a member thirty-two years, William D.\\nLaning, who has been a member twenty-seven years, and John\\nO. Raum, who has been a member twenty-six years. Interest-\\ning remarks were made by the above gentlemen, contrasting the\\npresent prospects and condition of the company with its humble\\norigin fifty years ago. Remarks were also made by other mem-\\nbers of the company, and invited guests.\\nSome years ago an addition was built to the engine-house by\\nthe city, which gives the company, in addition to their meeting\\nroom in the second story, a handsome large parlor, fitted up in\\ngrand style.\\nThe present membership of the Eagle company is a little over\\nthree hundred; the officers are, John O. Raum, president;\\nWilliam Johnston, vice president Jesse Thornley, secretary\\nJohn Dobbins, assistant secretary Charles S. Boyd, financial\\nsecretary; William Ossenberg, treasurer.\\nWe have no record of the date when the first meeting was\\nheld for the purpose of organizing the Delaware Fire Company.\\nIt must have been, however, prior to April 5th, 1821, because\\nin one of the old minute books we find a list of the actual and\\nhonorary members under the above date. We give this list as a\\nmatter of some interest to our citizens, since in it will be found\\nsome of our veterans, whose span of life has been extended far\\nbeyond the ordinary limit, and two or three of whom are to-day\\namong our most active and energetic business men.\\nThe following is a list of the actual members of the Delaware\\nFire Company, April 5th, 182 1\\nBenjamin Fish, John Phares, James F. Rock, James Phares,\\nLewis Parker, J. H. Mershon, Isaac Yard, John McMackin,\\nAaron O. Shuff, William Cook, William Briggs, James Short,\\nCharles Holland, Morris Jackson, Thomas Hamilton, Isaac\\n2n*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0451.jp2"}, "452": {"fulltext": "426\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nBlackford, James Bell, Abner Mershon, David Schenck, Matu-\\nrin Redway, Wilson A, Coleman, Alexander C. Wood, John\\nDrummond, John Sunderland, Jr., John Laing, John B. Abbott,\\nThe following is a list of the honorary members at the above\\ndate\\nPhilip F. Howell, Samuel Crowell, Charles B. Carman, Rich-\\nard McGannon, Clark Chambers, Lamar Phares, James G. Van-\\nsyckal, Caleb Carman, Thomas McKean, Daniel D. Moore,\\nLawrence Fagoli, Jacob W. Lupardus.\\nWe also find that soon alter their organization, they made\\narrangements for procuring an apparatus. A subscription was\\nstarted, and they collected three hundred and forty-five dollars\\nand fifty cents. They bought two engines, paying for them two\\nhundred and thirty dollars and after these entries in the trea-\\nsurer s books, without date, we find the balance of fifteen dollars\\nand fifty cents carried to a new account, and charged to the\\ntreasurer June 25th, 1821.\\nMany of our citizens will remember the old hand engine\\nowned by this company for many years. Although built in the\\nsimplest manner possible, without any of the gay trappings which\\ndecorate the engines of our day, she was yet considered a very\\nefficient apparatus, and always performed her duty when circum-\\nstances required it.\\nThe engine-house at that time was a small one story frame\\nbuilding, situated on the southerly side of what is now Bridge\\nstreet, near Warren. It was long since removed to make way\\nfor other improvements.\\nDuring the month of March, 1856, the company bought a new\\nhand engine, made by Button, of Waterford, New York, for one\\nthousand one hundred dollars, and at the same time purchased\\nanother engine-house, which was located on the north side of\\nBridge street, near Fair.\\nIn the fall of 1865, it was resolved to purchase a second-class\\nsteam engine of Mr. Button, the maker of their engine then in\\nservice, and early in the following year the present engine was\\nreceived. During the past winter (1870-71) she was thoroughly\\noverhauled, and several improvements were added.\\nIn the fall of 1868, the company left the building in Bridge", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0452.jp2"}, "453": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n427\\nstreet and occupied the new engine-house built by the city, in\\nWarren street, just above Bridge, where they are at present\\nlocated.\\nSoon after getting the steamer the company found it necessary\\nto procure horses the weight of the apparatus proving too\\nsevere a task for human muscle. Since then the company has\\nnot been without a team, which is hired out in the city for vari-\\nous kinds of work, and thus made to yield a small revenue.\\nThe company was incorporated by act of the legislature, Janu-\\nary 31st, 1833. The corporators were Benjamin Fish, John B.\\nAbbott, Maturin Redway, Jacob B. James, Charles Skelton,\\nThomas N. Hamilton, William R. Howell, John Phares, and\\nJohn Sunderland.\\nThe capital stock was originally one thousand five hundred\\ndollars, but this was increased on February iSth, 1856, to two\\nthousand five hundred dollars.\\nIt is gratifying to look back over the past history of this com-\\npany and note the changes that have taken place. From very\\nhumble beginnings, this company is now on an equality in every\\n-respect with the other fire companies of the city.\\nTo the great number of fires which occurred during the winter\\nof 1838-39, and the want of sufficient apparatus for their extin-\\nguishment, does the Trenton Hose Company owe its existence.\\nTrenton, at this time, was well supplied with fire engines, and\\nin a manner supplied with the necessary apparatus for carrying\\nhose yet there was ample room for improvement, and an excel-\\nlent opportunity afforded for man to display his willingness to\\nhelp his fellow mortal in his hour of need and danger. And\\nto give to the citizens of Trenton the aid of a suitable apparatus\\nfor carrying hose and all its necessary adjuncts, and to insure its\\nspeedy arrival at the scene of conflagration, a number of gentle-\\nmen, actuated by the best of impulses, assembled at the house of\\nJohn Van Fleet, in Warren street, on the evening of February\\n25th, 1839. A. P. Atkinson, Esq., was elected chairman, and\\nthe following resolution was adopted\\nWhereas, The numerous cases of fire occurring in the city of\\nTrenton renders it necessary, and the undersigned, actuated\\nby a sincere desire to assist their fellow-citizens in the hour", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0453.jp2"}, "454": {"fulltext": "428 HISTORY OF TRENTON:\\nof danger, have resolved to form themselves into an organi-\\nzation or company, to be denominated the Trenton Hose\\nCompany, No. i.\\nThis resolution was signed by A. P. Atkinson and others.\\nNothing of much importance was done that evening, and they\\nadjourned to meet on Friday evening, March 8th, 1839, at\\nwhich time the Trenton Hose Company was organized, and the\\nfollowing gentlemen elected as its officers for the ensuing year\\nA. P. Atkinson, president; George Furman, vice president;\\nCharles C. Bellejeau, secretary Samuel F. Hart, assistant secre-\\ntary; George W. Van Hart, treasurer; Charles W. Johnston,\\nJohn R. S. Barnes, and David S. Anderson, directors.\\nThe organization being without a hose carriage, a committee,\\nconsisting of Benjamin T. Howell, David S. Anderson, A. P. At-\\nkinson, R. W. Furman, and George W. Van Hart, was appointed\\nto wait upon the Resolution Fire Company, and request the loan\\nof their hose carriage until one could be procured this request\\nwas cheerfully complied with. With the proper apparatus and a\\nfull complement of men, they were without a hose-house, and\\nthe members were compelled to hold their meetings at private\\nhouses, hotels, auction rooms, or wherever they could find a\\nsuitable room for the purpose. In the course of a few months\\nthey purchased a new hose carriage, and secured a house in\\nWarren street, opposite the Third Presbyterian Church. This\\nhouse afforded scarcely room enough to accommodate the mem-\\nbers and hose carriage at the same time, but by using the car-\\nriage as a presidential chair and for seats, it was considered suf-\\nficiently large no doubt the gentlemen who were then members\\nof the company were actuated by, and possessed warm and noble\\nimpulses, for they had many difficulties to contend with, but\\nlabored earnestly for the worthy cause in which they were en-\\nlisted, and overcame all obstacles.\\nNo change of officers occurred until January, 1841, when\\ndeath invaded their ranks and claimed their much-loved and\\nhighly-respected president. It was a sad blow to the organiza-\\ntion, for to him and their worthy vice president belonged much\\nof the honor of adding this branch of the service to the fire\\ndepartment. George Furman, Esq., was elected president, and", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0454.jp2"}, "455": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 429\\nshortly af cer, John B. Johnston was selected as vice president,\\nand ever since, except for a short period, they have occupied the\\nsame positions other changes in the board of officers have taken\\nplace, but it would be tedious to mention them. Since 1841\\nmany changes have occurred, both as to members and the finan-\\ncial condition of the company. Some of its members have grown\\ngrey in the service while many have passed away from the busy\\ncares of life. That energy which marked the early members of\\nthe company and caused them to remove from their quarters on\\nWarren street to a better one in Hanover street, and purchase\\na new hose carriage, and again remove to the corner of Hanover\\nand Greene streets, and again purchase a new hose carriage, is\\nhighly appreciated by the present members.\\nDuring this time they visited Easton and New Brunswick, as\\nan organization, and won the high esteem and regard of both\\ncitizens and firemen of both cities.\\nIn 1859, that celebrated organization, the Lynn Fire Asso-\\nciation, visited Trenton, and were the guests of the Trenton\\nHose Company. Too much cannot be said of Lynn firemen, for\\nnever before had such a gentlemanly body of firemen visted\\nTrenton, and the citizens were indeed thankful that the Trenton\\nHose Company had afforded them the opportunity to hold forth\\nthe hand of welcome and friendship to so noble an organization.\\nAt the breaking out of the war of the rebellion, the Trenton\\nHose Company nobly responded to the call of its country, and\\nfor a time the organization was almost without men. Of those\\nwho aided their country in her hour of need, all so conducted\\nthemselves as to reflect honor on their state and city; and at the\\nclose of the war many returned to us wearing the insignia of high\\nrank, won only through true bravery and as civilians, many have\\ngone forth from the organization to occupy positions of honor and\\ntrust in the affairs of the state and city.\\nIn 1865, when it was deemed best to re-organize the fire\\ndepartment of this city, and when the city council adopted an\\nordinance for its proper government, from the ranks of the\\nTrenton Hose Company was selected as chief engineer, John\\nA. Weart, Esq. how well he has fulfilled the expectations of", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0455.jp2"}, "456": {"fulltext": "43\u00c2\u00b0\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nthe citizens, the present excellent condition of the department\\nunmistakably shows.\\nUntil 1866, the Trenton Hose Company had been almost self-\\nsustaining being the owner of its apparatus and hose-house,\\nit only required the city to supply it with the necessaries\\nincident to a fire organization to protect the property of the\\ncitizens from fire. At this time a new building was needed, and\\nthe city purchased its property and erected thereon the present\\nbuilding, and before it was completed, the organization, in order\\nto enlarge its sphere of usefulness, had purchased a hook and\\nladder truck, the money with which to make this purchase being-\\njointly contributed by the company and the citizens in general,,\\nthus proving that they were willing to give both labor and\\nmoney for the welfare of the city.\\nTo the year 1868 was given the honor of presenting the\\nbrightest page in the history of the Trenton Hose Company.\\nIn that year the company made its famous trip to Boston and\\nLynn the Hub and the City of Soles. Here again did\\nit display its indomitable energy, for at the time it resolved to\\nmake the journey, the company was in possession of apparatus\\nfit only for use at fires. Nevertheless, before three months rolled\\naround it was the owner of one of the finest hose carriages in the\\nstate, fully one-half of the purchase money having been contrib-\\nuted by individual members at a single meeting the balance\\nwas the gift of the citizens of Trenton. To those who had been\\nentrusted with the arrangements of the excursion, the morning\\nof the loth of August came only with fear, for they were far\\nfrom being sure that success would crown their efforts.\\nAt Jersey City the excursionists were the recipients of many\\nhonors at the hands of the fire department, under the direction\\nof Diligent Hose Company, No. 3, and after a day s sight-seeing\\nin and around New York harbor, they left for Boston, arriving\\nthere on Tuesday morning, expecting to find only a small body\\nof firemen in waiting to escort them across the city, but found\\nChief Damrell, a full board of engineers, a representative from\\neach company of the city, and a vast concourse of people to\\nwelcome them. To Melville, No. 6, of Boston, is much honor\\ndue for this kind greeting, and for the oration which followed.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0456.jp2"}, "457": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF TRENTON. 431\\nDuring the company s march through the city, it was greeted\\nby cheers and rounds of applause. The streets were densely\\ncrowded, and doors and windows held their full complement of\\nglad and smiling faces. Arriving at the American House, Mayor\\nShurtleff and the board of aldermen were in waiting to receive\\nthem in the mame of the city. A banquet had been provided,\\nat which Mayor Shurtleff presided and among the many words\\nof welcome, none fell upon the ears of the Trentonians with so\\nmuch meaning as. those of the mayor and chief engineer, who\\nstated that in their recollection of the city government, which\\nextended back over twenty years, it had never tendered the free-\\ndom of the city and a public reception to a fire organization\\nuntil the coming of the Trenton Hose Company.\\nAt two o clock that afternoon the company started for Lynn,\\nwhere an ovation awaited it which far surpassed the greatest ex-\\npectations in fact, its coming had given to Lynn a gala-week.\\nThe visitors were met at the depot by the entire fire department,\\nand by thousands of citizens, whose countenances plainly spoke\\na genuine welcome. Bunting floated from every conceivable\\nplace, and buildings, both public and private, were gaily deco-\\nrated. Lynn s citizens in general vied with each other to make\\nthe visit as pleasant as possible, and in every respect did they\\nsustain the time-honored and oft-quoted Yankee hospitality.\\nThe doors of the rich and the poor were alike thrown open in\\ncordial welcome to the Trentonians. They were strangers in a\\nstrange land, and right nobly were they taken in and cared for.\\nWhile yet in Lynn, the board of aldermen of Boston held a\\nspecial meeting and passed a series of resolutions, inviting the\\ncompany to become the guest of that city for a number of days,\\nand also placing at its command steamboats and cars, in order\\nthat it might visit points of interest in and around Boston. To\\npresent this invitation to the company for its acceptance, a\\ncommittee, composed of the mayor, chief engineer, and three\\naldermen, was appointed to visit Lynn to ask the company s\\nacceptance but circumstances were such that it was forced\\nto decline this more than generous offer of the authorities of\\nBoston, not, however, without assuring the committee that it\\nappreciated the honor tendered. The day arrived for its", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0457.jp2"}, "458": {"fulltext": "432\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\ndeparture from Lynn, and the mayor, with thousands of the\\ncitizens, had come to speak the parting word. After returning\\nthanks to the citizens of Lynn for the many courtesies received\\nat the hands of the people, the company with difficulty reached\\nthe cars, and soon were far distant from Lynn. The Trenton\\nHose Company would be derelict in duty did they not accord to\\nLynn the praise of giving them such a hearty welcome.\\nOn its return to Boston the company found the mayor, alder-\\nmen and fire department awaiting its arrival, and it was escorted\\nat once to the American House, where, in the name of the city\\nof Boston, it was invited to partake of a banquet already pre-\\npared. A few short hours were spent in merry-making and a\\ngeneral good time, when the hour to start on the journey home-\\nward arrived. Boston was still loth to part with the company, and\\nmarched it through the principal streets, while the train which was\\nto bear it away was detained at the request of the city authorities\\nuntil a long time after the hour named for its departure. Ar-\\nriving at the depot, it quickly embarked and was soon speeding\\nhomeward. And thus terminated a most brilliant visit. Feted\\nand welcomed on all occasions, the Trenton Hose Company\\nmay justly feel proud.\\nOn its return, the Trenton firemen gave them a most cordial\\nwelcome. From that time until the present the members have\\npreserved their character and reputation as firemen, and are\\nnumbered among the most useful and efficient in the city. And\\nit is to be hoped that the record of the past which has added so\\nmuch to the bright history of the Trenton Hose Company will\\nnever be tarnished by any act or deed in the future.\\nThe present officers are, George Furman, president John B.\\nJohnston, vice president; John G. Bigelow, secretary; Wm. H.\\nTitus, assistant secretary; A. W. Phillips, treasurer John G.\\nBigelow, foreman G. A. Bennett, assistant foreman Wm. C.\\nDunn, assistant foreman.\\nThe Harmony Fire Company was organized May 9th, 1849.\\nThe first meeting was held at the house of Daniel T. Beller-\\njeau, in Warren street, above the Feeder bridge, for the purpose\\nof forming a fire company in the northern part of the city,\\nEdward H. Brown was chosen chairman, and Charles R. Faus-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0458.jp2"}, "459": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n433\\nsett, secretary. It was resolved, that this meeting believe it to\\nbe essential to the citizens of the northern part of the city to\\nhave a fire engine, as all the engines are situated in the lower\\npart of the city. Edward H. Brown, Charles R. Faussett, John\\nB. Creed and Samuel Bellerjeau were appointed a committee to\\nsolicit the aid of the citizens for the purpose of purchasing an\\nengine and house.\\nThe next meeting was held May 14th, at the house formerly\\noccupied by Dr. Walker, above the Feeder bridge in Warren\\nstreet, for the purpose of hearing the report of the North Tren-\\nton engine committee, but the committee were not ready to\\nreport at that time. It was, however, resolved that Edward H.\\nBrown, Samuel T. Bellerjeau, and George P. Fuhrman be a com-\\nmittee to look after an engine.\\nAt the meeting of May 2 2d, they reported an appropriation\\nfrom common council towards purchasing their engine, for which\\nthey tendered to that body a vote of thanks. Samuel McClurg,\\nJr., and Thomas J. Combs were appointed a committee to look\\nafter an engine.\\nAt the meeting held May 25th, the company resolved to come\\nunder the city ordinances. At this meeting it resolved to purchase\\nan eight hundred dollar engine, and on motion of Thomas J.\\nCombs the name of Harmony, was adopted. A committee on\\nconstitution was appointed, who reported the same, which was\\nadopted on the 31st day of May, in which the admission to mem-\\nbership was fixed at one dollar.\\nJune 7th, the following officers were elected John Chambers,\\npresident j Edward H. Brown, vice president George J. Miller,\\nsecretary, and John Covert, treasurer. John Chambers declin-\\ning to serve as president, and John Covert as treasurer, Edward\\nH. Brown was elected to fill the former. S. T. Bellerjeau was\\nelected vice president, and Thomas J. Combs, treasurer, at the\\nmeeting held November 24th and at the meeting held Novem-\\nber 30th, George J. Miller having declined as secretary, Thomas\\nJ. Combs was elected to fill the vacancy.\\nThe first engine Avas received January 2 2d, 1852, and in-\\nAugust the rope-walk of Batten Brown was burned, and the en-\\ngine-house being on the same lot, was utterly destroyed by the\\n2o", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0459.jp2"}, "460": {"fulltext": "434 HISTORY OF TRENTON.\\nfire. Mr. Andrew Crozer, residing directly opposite, in the\\nhouse now occupied by the Children s Home, gave the company\\npermission to put its engine in his carriage-house in Greene street,\\nin the rear of his dwelling, until such time as it should get its\\nnew house built.\\nThe engine built by John Agnew, of Philadelphia, was re-\\nceived January 2 2d, 1852, on which occasion an escort was given\\nby the Union Fire Company, and the department generally.\\nIn 1854, a resolution was adopted fining any member found\\nintoxicated in the house, one dollar and fifty cents, and any one\\nbringing liquor into the house, under any pretence whatever,\\nshould be expelled.\\nMay 3d, 1855, it was resolved that all bills should be paid\\nby the city council.\\nThomas Cain wanted to drain his property through the prop-\\nerty belonging to the engine-house lot, when it was, on motion,\\nresolved that he be allowed the privilege upon the payment of\\none thousand five hundred dollars. This Mr. Cain thought was\\ntoo much, and declined the offer.\\nIn 1855, a committee was appointed to ascertain the cost of\\na bell weighing two hundred and fifty pounds, and on the 2d of\\nAugust it reported that a bell could be purchased for thirty\\ncents a pound, and that thirty-one members had subscribed one\\ndollar each for that purpose.\\nJanuary 4th, 1855, a vote of thanks was tendered Protection\\nHook and Ladder Company, for the presentation of two axes,\\nand George P. Fuhrman, Jr., was instructed to convey the same\\nto the company.\\nFebruary ist, Samuel T. Bellerjeau and John B. Creed were\\nappointed a committee to proceed in a legal manner against all\\npersons damaging or destroying any property belonging to the\\ncompany; also against all persons behaving in an indecent or\\ndisorderly manner about the house. At this meeting two mem-\\nbers were expelled for violating this rule.\\nSamuel T. Bellerjeau, George W. Sunningshine, James S.\\nRobinson, Samuel D. Bellerjeau, and John B. Creed were ap-\\npointed a committee to obtain an act of incorporation, which\\nwas passed on the 2d day of March of the same year. The in-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0460.jp2"}, "461": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n435\\ncorporators were George W. Sunningshine, Samuel T. Bellerjeau,\\nJames S. Robinson, John B. Creed, Samuel F. Price, Matthew\\nMoses, Samuel D. Bellerjeau, Charles Meyer, John Brades,\\nCharles Sweet, and John Haws. The capital stock was not to\\nexceed four thousand dollars, and was to be applied to the pur-\\nchase and holding of real estate, to the procuring, maintain-\\ning, and repairing such fire engine, hose carriage, hose, ladders,\\nbuckets, fire-hooks, engine-house, or other property, and such\\nimplements and machines, and to such other incidental expenses\\nas shall to the said company appear best calculated to secure\\nthe property of their fellow-citizens from injury or destruction\\nby fire.\\nApril 5th, 1855, the finance committee were instructed to\\nhave the deed of the engine-house transferred to the company.\\nAt the meeting of July 20th, 1S57, they adopted as theif\\nmotto We Strive to Save.\\nOn Monday, July 27th, they brought their engine home after\\nhaving had it repaired and repainted.\\nJanuary 7th, 1858, the committee reported that the bell was\\nhung.\\nJanuary 13th, 1859, three members were fined twenty-five\\ncents each for swearing in the meeting, and it was resolved that\\nif the fine be not paid by the next meeting that they be expelled\\nfrom the company.\\nFebruary 3d, 1S59, two of the members were fined fifty cents\\neach for creating a false alarm by ringing the bell.\\nFebruary 3d, 1859, a handsome bible was presented by Mrs.\\nTheodosia Hammell, and a beautiful hymn book by Miss Eliza\\nHunt, which were received with appropriate resolutions of thanks,\\nwhich were ordered to be published in the daily papers.\\nIn i860 they furnished their house in a splendid manner,\\nreflecting great credit on the company. In 1861 they adopted\\nthe New York style of equipments, which are worn by them as\\nwell as all the other companies of this city at the present time\\nthe same year they had their engine repaired and newly painted.\\nDuring the year 1861, while the Harmony Company s house\\nwas being built, its apparatus was housed with the Good Will,\\nbut learning that it would have to leave those quarters, it made", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0461.jp2"}, "462": {"fulltext": "5^26 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\napplication to the Hand-in-Hand-Company to house the appara-\\ntus with them.\\nMay ist, 1862, the company petitioned common council for a\\nnew hose carriage, whereupon the sum of one hundred and thirty\\ndoltars was appropriated. It was ascertained that it could not\\nget the kind of carriage it wanted for that sum, and the com-\\nmittee was instructed to procure one at the cost of two hundred\\nand twenty-five dollars. The carriage was built by William H.\\nCook, and was received by the company about April ist, 1864,\\nat a cost of two hundred and seventy-five dollars.\\nApril 27th, 1863, a committee of five was appointed to meet\\nsimilar committees from other companies, to procure from the\\ncity an annual appropriation to defray the expenses of the differ-\\nent companies, which object was accomplished in 1871, each\\nsteamer being allowed twelve hundred dollars per year, and hose\\nand hook and ladder companies one-half of that sum, to cover all\\nexpenses.\\nJanuary yth, 1864, the company acted as escort to the Eagle\\nCompany upon the reception of its steamer from the builder in\\nPhiladelphia.\\nFebruary 27th, 1864, it resolved to purchase a steamer, and\\nappointed a committee for that purpose, and instructed them to\\nemploy the Amoskeag Company to build the same, which was\\nreceived October 6th, 1S64.\\nMay 5th, 1864, the building committee was ordered to peti-\\ntion common council to enlarge the house for the reception of\\nthe steamer.\\nSeptember 24th, 1865, the company made an excursion to\\nWilmington, Delaware.\\nSeptember 8th, 1865, the company escorted the Union Engine\\nCompany on its arrival from an excursion to Easton.\\nThe same year the company acted as escort upon the reception\\nof the Eagle Steam Fire Engine Company upon its return from\\nthe excursion to New Haven, Connecticut.\\nOctober 24th, 1865, the company appointed a committee to\\nmeet with committees from other companies to re-organize the\\nfire department.\\nOn the 26th of December, 1865, the company participated in\\nthe reception of the Delaware steam engine.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0462.jp2"}, "463": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n437\\nDecember yth, 1865, the company purchased a bell weighing\\nabout five hundred pounds, at a cost of three hundred dollars.\\nThe same year the company s stable was completed, and on\\nthe 13th of February, 1866, the company purchased a handsome\\nteam of horses, at a cost of five hundred and thirty dollars, and\\non the ist of March it purchased a set of harness at a cost of\\nsixty dollars, and on the 5 th of April it purchased a wagon at\\na cost of one hundred and twenty-five dollars.\\nNovember ist, 1866, the company sold its old hand engine for\\ntwo hundred dollars.\\nIn 1869, the company procured a bell cast by Wm. Holmes,\\nof this city, at a cost of thirty-seven cents per pound.\\nIn 1 87 1, while the addition was being made to its house, the\\nengine was housed at the Good Will engine-house.\\nThe following are the present officers of the company John\\nTaylor, president Francis Pashley, vice president, Oliver\\nHowell, secretary; William Zehner, assistant secretary, Wil-\\nliam W. Fell, treasurer.\\nThe Harmony Fire Company commenced erecting its first\\nbuilding at the forks of Greene and Warren streets, on the lot\\noccupied by the blacksmith shop of James S. Robinson, but\\nwhen the cellar walls were up, at the request of Mr. Robinson,\\nand upon the payment of ten dollars to the company, it aban-\\ndoned the site, and erected a frame building upon the same spot\\nwhere its present house stands. This house was burned down in\\n1852, when the company erected a house on Princeton avenue,\\na few doors north of Pennington street, which it continued to\\noccupy until the city built the present house. The number of\\nactive members at the present time is fifty-three honorary mem-\\nbers, ten contributing members, one hundred.\\nIn 1850, the Protection Hook and Ladder Company was\\norganized.\\nThe truck was housed at the Good Will engine-house, in\\nWashington street.\\nThis company, although it had but a short existence of about\\nfive years, proved of inestimable value in aid of the fire depart-\\nment.\\nIt was composed of some of our German citizens, nearly all of\\nwhom were members of a military company in existence at that\\n2o*", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0463.jp2"}, "464": {"fulltext": ".4x3 HI ST OR Y OF TRENTON.\\ntiffie, under the name of the Republican Rifles. The president\\nof the company was also captain of the rifle company.\\nWhen the company disbanded about 1855, all the property\\nwas turned over to the Good Will Company, and is still in their\\npossession.\\nThe officers were, Simon Kahnweiler, president Joseph\\nRuelius, vice president Joseph C. Mayer, secretary, and Wil-\\nliam Pheyl, treasurer.\\nThe America Hose Company was organized January 19th,\\n1859, by members from the Hand-in-Hand Fire Company, and\\nAvas incorporated February 14th, i860.\\nIts incorporators were William T. McDowell, James Madison\\nDrake, William H. Booz, George W. Brindley, James Wayland,\\nJoseph W. Margerura, Charles T. Girten, George A. Smith,\\nJohn R. Leigh, Abner Warner, John R. Beatty, David B. Fair-\\nbrother, Henry K. Heidweiler, Charles J. Hankinson, William\\nP. Conard, John Robbins, Benjamin Skirm, Samuel Mulford,\\nCharles C. Yard, Marcus Marks, Samuel I. Lewis, Thomas Mul-\\nlineux, Edward S. Pullen, Asa B. Warner, John C. Rumpf,\\nGeorge W. Heston, James Harding, Peter F. Anderson, James\\nB. Ellis, Frank P. Patterson, George Moll, Richard R. Rogers,\\nand Miles Stitt. They were incorporated as the America Hose\\nCompany, No. 2, of the city of Trenton, with a capital stock\\nnot to exceed three thousand dollars, for the purpose of pro-\\ncuring, maintaining, and repairing such hose carriage, hose, lad-\\nders, buckets, fire-hooks, carriage-house, or other property, and\\nsuch implements, machines, and apparatus, and for such other\\nincidental expenses as shall to the said company appear best\\ncalculated to secure the property of their fellow-citizens from\\ninjury and destruction by fire.\\nThe company purchased its first carriage from the Hope Hose\\nCompany, of Philadelphia, at a cost of two hundred dollars,\\nwhich, in consequence of the company having no house of its\\nown, was housed at the Good Will engine-house, then located\\nin Washington street, where C. B. Wainright now has his car-\\nriage factory.\\nThe city then erected for the company a frame house in\\nMontgomery street, near Perry the same building now occu-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0464.jp2"}, "465": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON:\\n439\\npied by the Social Turnverien Association. The house at pres-\\nent occupied by the company, in Perry street, east of the canal,\\nwas built by the city in 1870.\\nThe company having sent its hose carriage to be repaired, it\\nwas received in December, 1863, and in January, 1864, the\\ncompany participated in the reception of the Eagle steamer.\\nThe America having resolved to procure a steam engine, ap-\\npointed a committee of eight to collect money for the purchase\\nof the same, thus being the first company in our city to suggest\\nthe adoption of steam fire engines. The committee had received\\nsubscriptions amounting to two thousand dollars but in conse-\\nquence of the war then raging, and most of the members having\\nenlisted, by which the company was almost broken up, the pro-\\nject was abandoned for the time being.\\nIn 1866, the matter of building a new house was agitated, and\\na lot was offered to the company for that purpose.\\nFebruary 17th, 1867, Messrs, Drake, Ryan, and Pearson, were\\nappointed a committee to petition council for the erection of a\\nnew house.\\nOn the 3d of June, 1867, the company held a pic-nic in Het-\\nzel s grove, and invitations were extended to the Weccacoe Fire\\nCompany, of Camden, and the America Hose Company, of\\nPhiladelphia, on which occasion the former company presented\\nthe America with a handsome picture, upon the reception of\\nwhich appropriate resolutions were adopted.\\nThe hose carriage was rebuilt in 1867, by Messrs. Gardner\\nFleming, of Philadelphia, and carries on the side-badges a beau-\\ntiful oil painting of Chief Weart.\\nOn the 1 8th of January, 1868, the Clark Fire Zouaves, of\\nElizabeth, Captain J. Madison Drake, visited this city, and were\\nthe guests of the company, and in the evening a grand compli-\\nmentary hop was given them.\\nOn the 25th of August, 1869, Chief Engineer John A. Weart\\npresented the company with a beautiful silver fire horn, after\\nwhich a collation was given by the company at the First Ward\\nHotel, William McGill, proprietor.\\nIn February, 1870, the company procured a bell of Mr.\\nWilliam Holmes, of this city, weighing six hundred and sev-\\nenty-five pounds, and costing three hundred dollars.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0465.jp2"}, "466": {"fulltext": "440\\nHISTOR V OF TRENTON.\\nThe company has a second-class improved Amoskeag engine,\\nv/hich was purchased of the Shiffler Steam Fire Engine Com-\\npany, of Camden, at a cost of four thousand dollars. This\\nengine weighs, light, five thousand eight hundred and forty\\npounds, and about six thousand five hundred pounds when\\nloaded. It has a double punip, and a condenser for salt water.\\nOn the 14th of November, 1870, the company purchased a\\nteam of horses at the sale of French s circus, in this city, the\\ncost of which, including harness, was four hundred and ten\\ndollars.\\nThere are now on the rolls of the company forty-three fully-\\nequipped active members, and sixteen honorary members.\\nThe present officers of the company are, Thomas MuUineux,\\npresident William Taylor, vice president James Connell, sec-\\nretary; Edward Whalen, assistant secretary; William McGill,\\ntreasurer.\\nThe company has in its house the first Union colors that\\ncrossed the long bridge, at Washington, during the rebellion,\\nand which were planted on Fort Runyon, in Virginia. It also\\nhas a miniature hose carriage, about twelve inches long, made\\nby a member of the company from a piece of spar of the Cum-\\nberland, which was sunk by the Merrimac, in Hampton roads.\\nCompany C, known as the Wilkinson Guards. (named in\\nhonor of Frederick R. Wilkinson, Esq.,) was organized by J.\\nMadison Drake, foreman of the America Hose Company, No. 2,\\nthirty-two members of which organization attached themselves\\nto the third regiment, within two hours after intelligence of the\\nfall of Sumter was received, Drake declined to lead the com-\\npany to the war, but served faithfully as ensign of the third\\nregiment during the term of enlistment three months. Lieu-\\ntenant Franklin S. Mills asserts that Drake unfurled the first flag\\non the enemy s soil.\\nWith this sketch of the America Hose Company we complete\\nour history of one of the oldest and most efficient fire depart-\\nments in the country, on the rolls of which have stood the names\\nof many prominent men\u00e2\u0080\u0094 governors, legislators, philosophers,\\nand statesmen and which have been written, in never-fading\\ncharacters, on the scroll of fame and honor.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0466.jp2"}, "467": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XXVI.\\nAdditional Maniifacto7 ies Omitted tinder their Appropriate\\nHeads SJioemaker s Almanac Thomas Chalkley s Narrative\\nof Travel Blazing Star Hotel BulV s Head Hotel Indian\\nKing and Indian Queen Hotels Trenton Directories Veto of\\nMayor HamiltoJi Indigeiit Widows and Single Women s Home.\\nIN 1852, the frame machine shop, on the west bank of the\\nwater power, was erected by Charles T. Allaire, and in the\\nsame year Peter Obert built his large two story blacksmith shop,\\nnorth of it.\\nIn 1849, Messrs. Fisher Norris built a factory for the manu-\\nfacture of their superior cast iron anvils, on the water power,\\nnorth of the Phcenix Iron Works; and in 185 1, the same firm\\nerected the building immediately opposite, for a machine shop\\nbut visitors being positively forbidden admission thereto, I have\\nnever even had a look into these manufactories. I am satisfied,\\nhowever, of the superiority of the Trenton anvils, and of the\\nnew mode of the manufacture of them, from the fact that they are\\nin the daily receipt of orders from all parts of the United States,\\nbesides Great Britain and the European continent.\\nThe Orleans Mill was built by James M. Redmond, in the\\nyear 1841.. It is a very extensive building, and was intended\\nfor the manufacture of carriages but, finding that work of that\\nkind would be too heavy for the building, it was converted into\\na cotton mill, and occupied by General Godwin, of Paterson\\nit was subsequently occupied by Bela Badger and Mr. Brady, of\\nPhiladelphia, for the manufacture of cotton fabrics.\\nIn 1848, it was purchased by James Bruere, and shortly after\\nhis purchase it was burned.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0467.jp2"}, "468": {"fulltext": "442\\nHISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nIn 1852, Mathias Keeler fitted it up as a violin manufactory^\\nunder the name of the Cremonia Mills.\\nThe mill north of the Phoenix Iron Works was fitted up for a\\npaper mill, and occupied by Jesper Harding until 1850, when\\nhe moved into the mill on the Assanpink, associating with him\\nH. H. Bottom, under the firm name of H. H. Bottom Co. It\\nwas afterwards used as a paper mill by Messrs. T. Kelly Co.\\nIn the year 1842, Sutton Crooks built the foundry after-\\nwards occupied by Vancleve McKean, and the latter gentle-\\nmen purchased the works, and made very extensive additions\\nthereto. They employed about two hundred workmen, and\\nmade some of the largest kind of castings, which were sent to dif-\\nferent parts of the United States. They have also manufactured\\nsome of the largest of locomotive engines, and they built the\\nworks on the Sandtown road, in the third ward, for the purpose\\nof entering largely into the manufacture of locomotive engines.\\nIn the latter mill they had a front of about four hundred feet,\\nand employed about five hundred men. During the war it was\\nused for the manufacture of ordinance, and some very heavy\\ncannons were furnished from this establishment.\\nMessrs. Grice Long, of Philadelphia, erected works in the\\nrear of it for the manufacture of cars of various descriptions,\\nsending their manufactures to different parts of the world. The\\ncars made by them are acknowledged to have no superiors.\\nIn 1845, Peter Cooper, of New York, built the large rolling\\nmill immediately adjoining the print works on the south.\\nThis mill has since that time been very extensively engaged in\\nthe manufacture of railroad and other iron.\\nIt employs about nine hundred hands, and daily consumes.,\\nwhen in full blast, sixty tons of coal. This gentleman has a,lso\\nvery extensive iron works at Easton, Pennsylvania, where, own-\\ning an iron mine, and having two blast furnaces, he manufactures\\nhis own pig iron.\\nThe mill is now carried on by Messrs. Cooper, Hewitt Co.\\nIt was considerably enlarged in 1S56, for the purpose of enter-\\ning more extensively into the business.\\nSouth of Cooper, Hewitt Co s mill is the Saxony Mill,\\nbuilt in 1S46, by Andrew AUinson, as a cotton mill, but after-", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0468.jp2"}, "469": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n443\\nwards converted into a mill for the manufacture of shirts and\\ndrawers. It was occupied for a number of years by Samuel H.\\nWheeler, and was at one time used as a shirt manufactory by a\\nMr. Hubbard, of Philadelphia, afterwards by James Brooks, and\\nnow by Isaac Weatherby.\\nI have been thus particular in describing the mills above-\\nnamed, only because they are located on the water power, and\\nmerely to show to what a great extent the above works have\\nbeen beneficial to our city and its interests.\\nIn 1848, the wire mill, located in the third ward, was built by\\na stock company, but not realizing their expectations in it, they\\nabandoned it it was then stopped for two years, till it came\\ninto possession of Peter Cooper, since which time it has been in\\nconstant operation.\\nIn 1849, John A. Roebling erected in the township of Ham-\\nilton, immediately across the canal, a mill for the manufacture\\nof wire rope and chain cable, which business has been carried\\non very extensively.\\nHe built across the Niagara river a heavy wire suspension\\nbridge, over which rails are laid for the passage of cars. This\\nwas pronounced by Professor Stevenson (who erected the tubular\\nsuspension bridge across the Menai straits), an impossibility, yet\\nour townsman so far succeeded in accomplishing his object, as to\\nensure entire success. He also erected several large bridges,\\nand at the time of his death was building the suspension bridge\\nacross the East river. New York.\\nIn 1849, Bottom, Tiffany Co. erected their -large iron\\nfoundry and machine shop on the Assanpink, west of the canal.\\nThey here made some of the largest of castings, among which\\nwere iron fronts for houses, in which line they did quite an ex-\\ntensive business for the short time in which they were in opera-\\ntion. They were in constant receipt of orders from all the large\\ncities for their superior iron fronts for houses, as well as other\\nheavy castings.\\nIn the rear of this, in 1852, Rossell Co. erected a mill for\\nthe manufacture of anvils and they obtained a premium, for\\ntheir manufacture at the world s fair held at New York in 1853.\\nThe number of anvils turned out daily was twelve.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0469.jp2"}, "470": {"fulltext": "444\\nHIS TOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nIn 1848, Louis Chevrier commenced the manufacture of spring\\nmattresses and beds, on ^Mill Hill, but in 1S50 he moved his\\nmanufactory to Willow street.\\nIn the year 1788, Abraham Shoemaker published an almanac\\ncalled the New Jersey and Pennsylvania Almanac. The pub-\\nlishers were Sherman, Mershon Thomas, opposite the Indian\\nQueen tavern, in the building which stood on the same site as.\\nthe store now occupied by James C. Manning.\\nThe almanac was published regularly for several years.\\nIn the one published in 1800 is an advertisement that Samuel\\nPaxson, apothecary and dry goods dealer, opposite the Eagle\\ntavern,* Warren street, has constantly on hand, drugs and medi-\\ncines, dry goods and stationery.\\nThomas Chalkley, a preacher of the Society of Friends, trav-\\neled extensively through this country, preaching wherever he\\nwent. He published a narrative of his travels from 1685 to 1735.\\nHis book has been kindly loaned me by Dr. C. C. Abbot, of\\nthis city. From his narrative, it would appear that this section\\nwas known in the year 1725 as the Falls of the Delaware. He\\nsays: About the 20th of the eighth month (August)^ I went for\\nLong Island, being drawn in true love to make a general visit to\\nFriends there. On the fifth day of the week, Thomas Mas-\\nters and I set out from Frankfort, and in the evening we got to\\na Friend s house near the Falls of Delaware. From the Falls\\nof Delaware, we traveled next day to Piscataway, etc.\\nIn 1736, he says he visited the meetings of Friends at Bris-\\ntol, Burlington, Trenton and Borden s Town.\\nIn 1737, he also speaks about going with Isaac Brown, his son-\\nin-law, and several Friends, to Trenton.\\nThe Blazing Star hotel was located on the corner of Warren\\nand State streets, where the Mechanics Bank now stands. It\\nwas kept by James Witt, in 1785. It was afterwards kept by\\nJacob Bergen, and called the French Arms hotel.\\nThe Bull s Head was located where the Mansion House now\\n*This tavern was a frame building, formerly occupied by Judge Trent, of\\nPhiladelphia, as his summer residence, and stood where the Third Presby-\\nterian Church now stands.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0470.jp2"}, "471": {"fulltext": "HIS TOR Y OF TRENTON:\\n445\\nstands, in State street. It was at one time kept by a man by the\\nname of Atkinson. It was afterwards kept by Charles Green,\\nand called the Farmers Inn.\\nThe Indian King hotel was located on the spot where Benja-\\nmin Disbrow s iron building now stands, and was kept by Wil-\\nliam Yard.\\nThe Indian Queen hotel was the one now called the United\\nStates, in Warren street. At the time it was kept by Edmund\\nBurke, a Fourth of July dinner was held there, for which Joseph\\nYard, Sr., furnished forty-eight pounds of rock-fish, caught by\\nhimself in the Delaware river that morning.\\nThe first directory of the city of Trenton was published in\\n1854, by Jesse M. Clark, Randolph H. Moore, and John O.\\nRaum. It contained the names and locations of all the streets\\nand alleys in existence in the city at that time, numbering\\neighty-seven, a short history of the city, from whom its name\\nwas derived, the first settlements by Friends, the original act of\\nincorporation, the situation of the city at the head of tide water\\non the Delaware river, its latitude and longitude, a description\\nof the Delaware bridge, the Assanpink creek, and the battle of\\nTrenton. It also contained the boundaries of the city at that\\ntime, the boundaries of the several wards, five in number, the\\nstate, county, and city officers, churches and their pastors, the\\nhotels, offices, offices in the state house, city hall, public build-\\nings, halls, c., practicing physicians, dentists, fire department,\\nbanks, loan associations. Temperance Hall Association, Trenton\\nLibrary Association, Trenton Water Power Company, Trenton\\nWater Works, Trenton Gas Light Company, Widows and Single\\nWomen s Home, officers of Lunatic Asylum, Delaware Bridge\\nCompany, and a general directory of the names, residences, and\\noccupations of the inhabitants. It contained one hundred and\\nthirty-six pages, including advertisements, three thousand eight\\nhundred and twenty-one names of inhabitants, one hundred and\\nforty-three of whom were colored persons, who occupied a\\nseparate portion of the work from the white residents.\\nThe next directory was published in 1857, by William H.\\nBoyd, of New York. It contained two hundred and seventy-\\neight pages, and four thousand four hundred and thirty-eight\\n2p", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0471.jp2"}, "472": {"fulltext": "446 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nnames, a business directory, about fifty pages of the history of\\nTrenton, furnished by the compiler of this work, together with\\nstate, county, and city matters.\\nTlie third directory was published in 1859, by William H,\\nBoyd, and contained two hundred fifty-five pages, and five\\nthousand three hundred and twelve names, and a business direc-\\ntory of Burlington and Mercer counties, together with state,\\ncounty, and city officers.\\nThe fourth directory was published in 1865, by J. H. Lant, of\\nAlbany, New York, It contained one hundred and eighty pages,\\nand the names of four thousand seven hundred and seventy-four\\ninhabitants.\\nThe fifth directory was published in 1869, by William F. Cros-\\nley, of this city. It contained two hundred and fifty-nine pages,\\nand the names of six thousand one hundred and thirty-eight\\ninhabitants, a business and street directory, state, county, and\\ncity officers, a history of the public schools, together with the\\ndifferent institutions of our city.\\nThe sixth directory was published in 1870, by Messrs. Webb\\nBrothers Company, of Providence, Rhode Island. It con-\\ntained three hundred and thirty-one pages, and six thousand five\\nhundred and eighty-six names, a street directory containing one\\nhundred and thirty streets, a Trenton business directory, and a\\nbusiness directory outside of Trenton, national, state, county,\\nand city officers, time of holding courts, banks, fire department,\\nvarious incorporated companies, insurance companies, churches,\\nsecret societies, newspapers and magazines, c., c.\\nIn the first directory, published in 1854, the name of Jones\\nappears nineteen times, and that of Smith forty-nine times,\\nwhile in the directory of 1870, the name of Jones appears seven-\\nteen times, while that of Smith appears eighty-six times, showing\\na decrease in the former name and a large increase in the latter\\nin sixteen years.\\nIn 1848, when Samuel R. Hamilton was mayor, the common\\ncouncil passed an ordinance to raise by tax four thousand dollars.\\nThe mayor vetoed the bill, and gave as his reason for so doing\\nthat the amount was excessive. The amount now raised annually\\nis about one hundred and eighty thousand dollars.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0472.jp2"}, "473": {"fulltext": "HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\n447\\nThe Indigent Widows and Single Women s Home Society was\\norganized in 1854. The first managers were Mrs. John Hall,\\nMrs. Edward I. Grant, Mrs. Thomas J. Stryker, Mrs. Charles J.\\nIhrie, Mrs. Jonathan S. Fish, Mrs. Louisa Krewson, Mrs. David\\nClark, Mrs. John R. Dill, Mrs. William White, Mrs. Lewis\\nParker, Mrs. Samuel R. Hamilton, Miss Mary Armstrong, Mrs.\\nWilliam A. Benjamin, Miss Mary Johnston, Mrs. Samuel D.\\nIngham, Mrs. Helen T. Paul, Mrs. Edith E. Hewlings, Mrs.\\nJames S, Sterling, Mrs. Joshua Jones, Mrs. Samuel Evans, Mrs.\\nHenry W. Green, Mrs. Lewis Perrine, Mrs. Lucy Pitman, and\\nMiss Juliet Phillips.\\nThe society was incorported by act of the legislature, February\\n19th, 1855, for the humane and charitable purpose of relieving,\\nassisting, and supporting widows and single women in a state of\\nindigence.\\nThe subscription and payment of three dollars annually con-\\nstitutes membership, and the payment of thirty dollars confers a\\nlife membership.\\nThe present officers are Mrs. Lewis Parker, first directress\\nMiss Mary M. Armstrong, second directress; Mrs. Caleb S.\\nGreen, treasurer; Miss Mary F. Johnston, secretary.\\nJohn A. Roebling bequeathed to the home the sum of thirty\\nthousand dollars, the interest of which is applied towards its\\nmaintenance.\\nFrom the very able report of Henry D. Rogers, state geolo-\\ngist, made to the legislature February 12th, 1836, we copy the\\nfollowing relating to our city, which will be of general interest\\nThe very extensive belt of stratified primary rocks, which\\nfollows a line nearly parallel with the Atlantic coast, forming the\\nwestern limit of the tide in the rivers of Virginia, Maryland,\\nDelaware, and Pennsylvania, crosses the Delaware at Trenton,\\nafter having been regularly and gradually contracting in width\\nfrom Georgia to this point, where it soon entirely vanishes.\\nWhere it crosses the Delaware, this bed of gneiss is about\\nthree and a half miles broad narrowing in its course to the\\nnorth-northeast, it almost disappears at the six-mile-post on the\\nDelaware and Raritan Canal.", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0473.jp2"}, "474": {"fulltext": "448 HISTOR Y OF TRENTON.\\nThe triangular area which it forms has the valley of the\\nAssanpink very nearly for its southestern boundary.\\nThe mineralogical character of the rock is extremely well\\nmarked. It is most usually a triple mixture of quartz, feldspar,\\nand hornblende, or, in place of this, frequently mica.\\nIn the valley of the Assanpink, it is often a greenish sand\\nand gravel, derived from the quartz and hornblende, and is\\nthere rather sterile.\\nThe varieties of this rock at Trenton are those of the gneiss\\nformation of the Schuylkill.\\nA little north of Trenton, and near its border, there is a\\nquartzose variety of the rock containing a little mica, sufficient\\nto divide it into the laminated form but the mass of the rock\\nis a close-grained, stratified mixture of feldspar and quartz, al-\\nmost a petro-silex in aspect.\\nThis land consists, in places, of an intimate mixture of\\nquartzose and feldspathic matter fused together; splitting into\\nrather well-formed large slate, and having a smooth surface, it\\nfurnished a very good flagstone for the walks and steps in Tren-\\nton.\\nJU", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0474.jp2"}, "475": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0475.jp2"}, "476": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0476.jp2"}, "477": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3160", "width": "1890", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0477.jp2"}, "478": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3358", "width": "2077", "jp2-path": "historyofcityoft00raum_0478.jp2"}}