{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3645", "width": "2220", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3494", "width": "2189", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3499", "width": "2127", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3458", "width": "2065", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "1 H K B U It H T 1 IS G\\nF\\nI lERRE MARGRVS\\nLA SALLE BUBBLE,\\nBy JOHN ILMARY ^HEA\\nRiprintiii ti iii tli A f ;c ^ork J- r,i//iti//\\\\ Joii\\nN E W YORK:\\nT. 1 SIDEBOTHA^r. PRINTER, 28 BEEKMAN STRiLET.\\n1S79.", "height": "3504", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3458", "width": "2065", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "THE BUHSTIlSra\\nOF\\nPIERRE MARGRYS\\nLA SALLE BUBBLE.\\nBy JOHN GILMARY SHEA.\\nNEW YORK:\\nT. B. SIDEBOTHAM, PRINTER, 28 BEEKMAN STREET.\\n1879.", "height": "3504", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "r352", "height": "3458", "width": "2065", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "THE BURSTING OF PIERRE MARGRY S\\nLA SALLE BUBBLE.\\nFor nearly twenty years Mr. Pierre Margry has\\nbeen holdiag over the heads of American scholars,\\nwith a great show of mystery, documentary evidence\\nwhich was to prove to a certainty that his fellow,\\nNorman Robert Cavelier, commonly known as La\\nSalle, was the first to disoover the Mississippi, and\\nthat he had been deprived of his just glory in favor\\nof Joliet, son of a blacksmith, A.merican born at\\nthat, and Marquette, a Jesuit. His first claim was\\nt ha La Salle descended the Ohio and Mississippi\\nto its mouth in 1670. This proving untenable he\\nclaims that subsequent to that date he descended\\nthe Illinois and Mississippi.\\nArticles by him have appeared in French jour-\\nnals, a fellow Norman, Gravier, adopted his views,\\nbut in this country there was a lack of faith. Ban-\\ncroft had Margry s published articles and some of\\nthe doctiments in which he relied, but did not ac-\\ncept his positions. Mr. Faillou, writing from docu-\\nments strongly prepossessed against the Jesuits,\\ncould not embrace his views. Mr, Parkman, to\\nwhom he furnished many documents, and who\\nshows constantly Margry s influence, and who had\\napparently all that Margry relied upon, dared not\\ncompromise his reputation by adopting his theories.\\nHarrisse, a bibliographer, dispassionately study-\\ning the question, found Margry s arguments most\\nunsubstantial.", "height": "3504", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "Tet, with the fact that not a single American stu-\\ndent of history has ranged himself beside him, Mr.\\nMargry, in a recent letter to Mr. Lyman C. Draper,\\nsays: These articles of mine have greatly trou-\\nbled certain persons, as appears by the meeting at\\nMissilimakinak, regarding the discovery, more or\\nless reliable, of the the remains of Father Mar-\\nquette. What I said concerning Cavelier de la\\nSalle s priority in discovering the Ohio and Missis-\\nsippi, has been the occasion of great and even acri-\\nmonious controversit s. I care nothing f .r attacks\\nfrom which search after truth is excluded, and\\nwhich are little else than passion. This is very\\nhilly. American historical students have simply\\ngiven the verdict, Not proven, as to Mr. Mar-\\ngry s theory.\\nBut he has at last shown his hand and enabled\\nus to see all that he has to bring forward on the\\nsubject. His exceptional advantages in being able\\nto investigate year after year the French archives,\\nmaking copies of many documents for the Cana-\\ndian Government, Mr. Parkman and other scholars\\nenabled him to collect a mass of material, that was\\nsupposed to be of great value. By som\u00c2\u00ab- lobby in-\\nfluence at Washington, an appropriation, I believe\\nof ten thousand dollars, was made to enable him to\\nprint them. Three volumes have appeared, and it\\nmust be avowed thpt they are sadly disappointing.\\nThey are padded out and extended ui^justifiably,\\nand the new matter proves to be comparatively\\nlittle. The documents are divided into classes,\\nand arranged under chapters, with jui abundance\\nof bastard titles and extended headings like those\\nof a sensational newspaper. The source of the\\ndocument is not given, except in a confused way at\\ntlie end, nor information furnished whether from", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "the copy is made au original or a copy, whetber\\nlate or early. The first documeut of all, the Mem-\\noi^e of the Recollects, is uo novelty here. It was\\nprinted iu t le Quebec Abeille, May 30, 1859, et\\nseq., with notes by the late accurate Abbd Ferlaud.\\nThe summary of discoveries, pp. 35 to 41, will be\\nfound translated in the New York Colonial Docu-\\nmmts, iii., p. 507; pp. 43 55 are extracts from\\nthe Jesuit Relations, wkich have been reprint-\\ned entire in Canada. -The notict^ on Allouez, pp.\\n57 72, I used more than twenty five years ago, and\\nhe introduces it, as he rather amusingly tells us,\\nonly to give him a pretext for inserting au anti-\\nJesuit polemical tract. The documents, pages 76,\\n77, 82-9, 91-4, 99-100, 167, 238, 245, 249, 250, 255,\\n257, 273, 281, 286, will be found in New York\\nColonial Documents, ix., pp. 29, 41, 64, 67, 65.\\n66, 69, 72, 73, 75, 95, 93, 115, 120, 92, 121, 117, 123,\\n125, and it would be easy to extend the reference.\\nThe letters pp. 238, 9, 242 are in the Mi-^i-iou du\\nCanada, i., p. 343, etc. If the Relation ot Jo-\\nliet s Discovery is virtually a copy of that in bis\\nhand-writing preserved in the Seminary of St. Sul-\\npice, Paris (Faillon, Histoire 3, p. 315 Harrisse,\\np. 322-3), the suppression of Joliet s own letter on\\nthe same sheet needs explanation. It does not\\nlook honest and the note of the editor on page\\n301, makes us think he has recently read Tar-\\ntuife. The act of taking possession, page 96, has\\n-alwayis been published in Taliban s Perrot,\\npage 292. And in many cases he gives merely an\\nextract where the New York Documents give\\ntie entire paper, enabling the ttudtnt to see the\\nconnection and understand the tone of the whole.\\nThe editing is very carelessly done. A letter\\ngiven on page 239, as of Father Gravier, is evi-", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "6\\ndently of Father Julian Gamier, who was then in\\nthe Seneca country, while Gravier never was. On\\npage 255 the extract from Frontenac s letter regai^l-\\niug J jliet, has the date suppressed in the text and\\ngiven only in the summary, which in view of the\\nfact that the animus of the whole collection is to\\nassail Joliet, does not look accidental.\\nThere are, undoubtedly, papers here made ac-\\ncessible to historical students for the first time,\\nbut their number and value are not what one would\\nexpect from a collector possessing for years the re-\\nmarkable advantages of Mr. Margry. The most\\nimportant are really those which give the true\\nstory of La Salle s last attempt, expose his pirati-\\ncal object and relieve Beaujeu from the odium so\\nlong, so di^iagenuou6ly and so persistently heaped\\nupon him.\\nIn his letter to Mr. Draper, as translated by Mr.\\nJames D. Butler, Mr. Murgry says: I still very\\nfirmly believe that La Salle discovered the Missis-\\nsippi by way of the Lakes, by Chicago and by the\\nIllinois River, as far south as the 36th parallel\\nand all this before 1673 (the date of Marquette s\\niliscovery). This opinion of mine I base first on\\nthe narrative made by La Salle to the Abb^ Renau-\\ndot. This narrative describes an expedition in\\nwhich La Salle was engaged southwest of Lake\\nOntario, for a distance of four hundred leagues,\\nand down a river that must have been the Ohio.\\nThis was in 1669.\\nThe narrative proceeds Some time thereafter he\\nmade a second expedition on the same river which\\nhe quitted below Lake Erie, made a portage of six\\nor seven leagues to embark on that lake, traversed\\nit toward the north, ascended the river out oi\\nwhich it tlow^, passed the Lake of Dirty Water", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "(St. Claire entered the Freshwater Sea (Mer\\nDouce), doubled the point of land that cuts the\\nsea in two (Lakes Huron and Michigan), and de-\\nscending from north to south, leaving on the\\nWest the Bay of the Puans (Green Baj), discover-\\ned a bay infiaitely larger at the bottom of which,\\ntowards the west, he found a very beautiful harbor\\n(Chicago. Is there any earlier mention or de-\\nscription of that site?) and at the bottom of this\\nriver which runs from the east to the west, he\\nfollowed this river and having arrived at about the\\n280th (sic.) degree of longitude and the 39th of\\nlatitude, he came to another river, which uniting\\nwith the first, flowed from the northwest to the\\nsoutheast. This he followed as far as the 36th de-\\ngree of latitude, where he f\u00c2\u00a9und it advisable to\\nstop, contenting himself with the almost certain\\nhope of some day passing by way of the river even\\nto the Gulf of Mexico. Having but a handful of\\nfollowers, he dared not risk a further expedition in\\nthe course of which he was likely to meet with ob-\\nstacles too great for his strength. (See the work\\nabove mentioned. Vol. i. p. 378.\\nI base my opinion, secondly, uu a letter of La\\nSalle s niece the Mississippi and the river Col-\\nbert being both one. This letter, dated 1756, says\\nthe writer, possessed maps which, in 1676, were\\npossessed by La Salle, and which proved that he\\nhad already made two voyages of discovery.\\nAmong the places set down on these maps, the\\nriver Colbert, the place where La Salle had landed\\nnear the Mississippi, and the spot where he plant-\\ned a cross and took possession of the country in\\nthe name of the Bang are mentioned. (Vol i., p.\\n379.)\\nI base my opinion, thirdly, on a letter of Count", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "8\\nFrontenac. In this letter, which was written in\\n1677, to the French Premier, Colbert, Frontenac\\nsays that the Jesuits having learned that M. de\\nla Salle thought of asking (from the French\\ncrown) a grant of the Illinois Lake (Lake Michi-\\ngan), had resolved to seek this grant themselves\\nfor Messrs. Joliet and Lebert, men wholly in their\\ninterest, and the first of whom they have so highly\\nextolled beforehand, although he did not voyage\\nuntil after the Sieur de la Salle, who himself will\\ntestify to you that the relation of the Sieur Joliet\\nis in many things false. (Vol. i., p. 324.)\\nIn fine, I found my opinion on the total antag-\\n)ui\u00c2\u00abm between the Jesuits and the merchants, as\\nwell as those who represented interest or only a\\nlegitimate ambition. In opposition to the Jesuits,\\nthe Cavelier de la Salle always associated with the\\nSulpicians or Recollects, whom Colbert had raised\\nup against the Jesuits, in order to lessen the influ-\\nence of those who would fain undermine him.\\nHere, then, is his case To prove La Salle s\\ndiscovery of the Mississippi prior to 1673, he relies\\non, first, a document of no date second, a letter\\nof 1756; third, a letter of Frontenac, in 1677;\\nfourth, the antagonism between the Jesuits and the\\nmerchants. He relies on documents posterior to\\nthe date of Joliet and Marquette s voyage, and writ-\\nten when the results of that voyage were known,\\nand on the fact that the Jesuits, as well as the\\nBishop and secular clergy, including the Sulpi-\\ntiaus, were at issue with the merchants, condemn-\\ning the sale of liquor to the Indians as sinful. This\\nlast argument I must dismiss, for I admit that my\\nmind fails to comprehend how the existence of the\\nlicjuor question in Canada, at that time, can prove\\nthat La Salle, who favored liquor, discovered", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "9\\nwater, whether in the MissiBsippi, Lake Nyanza or\\nthe open Polar Sea, or by what rule of mathema-\\ntics the exact date of his discovery can be deduced\\nfrom the fact of there being a Liquor War.\\nTo come to the documents. The first one, and\\nthat mainly relied upon by Mr. Margry, is one that\\nhe tells us he found in May, 1845, in a collection\\nof papers all hostile to the Jesuits. Mr. Margry\\nheads it, Recit d un Ami de I Abbd de Galin^e,\\nand adds in a note, And of the Abb^ Arnauld.\\nThe name of this illustrious Jansenist, which will\\nbe found in the text, should naturally put us on\\nour guard against the author of thi? document, the\\noriginal of which is found in a collection of papers\\nall hostile to the Jesuits, Several passages of this\\nmanuscript lead me to think that it is from the\\nlearned Abb^ Renaudot, to whom Boileau address-\\ned his Epistle on the Love of God. In his let-\\nter already quoted, it is ascribed positively to the\\nAbbd Renaudot. Mr. Parkman, who had this\\ndocument and analyzes it in his Discovery f the\\nGreat Wpst, says, page 101: I am strongly\\ninclined to think that this noblemaia himself\\n(Louis Armand de Bourbon, second Prince de\\nConti), is author of the Memoir. Here at once is\\na difference of opinion, and it ought to be easy to\\ndecide in 34 years whether the document is in the\\nhandwriting of the Prince de Conti or of the Abb^\\nRenaudot. If it is a copy made by nobody knows\\nwho or when, of a document written by nobody\\nknows who or when, its value certainly cannot be\\nvery great as evidence of acts of La Salle between\\n1669 and 1673, for this is the widest interval in\\nwhich this pretended discovery of the Mississippi\\ncould have taken place.\\nMr, Parkman says: In one respect the paper", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "10\\nis of uuquestioDable historical value for it gives\\nus a vivid aud net an exaggerated picture ot the\\nbitter strife of parties which then raged in Canada,\\nand which was destined to tax to the utmost th-:-\\nvast energy and fortitude of La Salle. At ti aies\\nthe Memoir is fully sustained by contemporary evi-\\ndence; but often, again, it rests on its own unsup-\\nported authority, page 102. He might have add\\ned, And is in direct contradiction to established\\nfacts. Elsewhere he says: The writer himself\\nhad never been in America and was ignor ut of its\\ngeography, hence blunders on his part might rea-\\nsonably be expected. His statements, however,\\nare in some measure intelligible, page 20. Mr.\\nParkmau, using it as he does, and misled into\\ntreating a map made by Joliet himself, as one\\nmade prior to Joliet s voyage (See Harrisse, notes\\npage 197), candidly says: That he (La Salle)\\ndiscovered thr- Ohio may then be regarded as es-\\ntablished. That he descended it to tlie Mississippi\\nhe does not pretend nor is there reason to believe\\nthat he did so, page 23). La Salle discovered\\nth* Ohio and in all probability the Illinois also\\nbut that he discovered the Mississipiji, has nut\\nbeen proved, nor in the light of the evidence we\\nhave, is it likely, page 25.\\nThe estimate of Mr. Parkman, will be found, we\\nthiuk, by his own actual treatment of the docu-\\nment to be far too high. He really treats it as\\nworthless.\\nIn 1669, the French knew of a river called by the\\nIroquois, Ohio or Beautiful River, rit-iug south of\\nLake Ontario and Lake Erie, and ruuuiug west-\\nward. The hope of be^iver, but especially that\\nof finding thereby a i^assage to the Gulf of Cali-\\nforuia (Mer Vermeille), where Mr. de la Salle be", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "11\\nlieved that the river Ohio emptied, made him un-\\ndertake this voyage, so as not to leave to another\\nthe honor of finding the way to the Pacific, aud\\nthereby to C/hina, says the Abbt5 Galin^e. He\\nobtained letters patent from de Courcelles in 1669,\\nand set out -with two Sulpitians, the Bev. Dollier\\nde CasKon, priest, and de Galin^e, deacon. They\\nleft Montreal in seven canoes, bearing 21 men,\\nJuly 6, 1669. They reached Sonnontouau, a Seneca\\ntown, but failed to obtain a guide to the Ohio.\\nThe Jesuit Missionary, Fremin, had gone to Onon-\\ndaga, aud they had no one able to speak Seneca.\\nThey were told, however, that to the Ohio was a\\ndistance of six days march of twelve leagues a day,\\nwhile from Lake Erie they could reach it in three\\ndays.\\nFailiug to obtain a guide they left the Seneca\\ntowu, crossed the Niagara below the Falls, and on\\nthe 24:th of September, reached Tinaoutaoua, an\\nIroquois town on the northern shore of Lake On-\\ntario. Here they found Joliet aoming from Lake\\nSuperior. He told them of the Pottawatamies at\\nGreen Bay, aud their proximity to the Mississippi.\\nJoliet gave them a written description of the route\\nfrom the Ottawas, and apparently of a shorter one,\\nwhich an Iroquus had explained to him, and Gali-\\nn^e embodied this information in a map. Joliet\\nalso told the Missionaries where he had left a\\ncanoe on Lake Erie. With this important aid\\nfrom Joliet, Dollier de Cat-son and his party start-\\ned for the West on the 30th, to take the route indi-\\ncated by that explorer La Salle, on the pretext of\\nill-health remained, showing an inclination to re-\\nturn to Montreal. Belation del Abbt5 de la\\nGalin^e. Margry 1, pp. 112-147.)\\nThis gives an authentic and circumstantial ae-", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "12\\ncoHnt of La Salle s first attempt to reach tht*\\nOhio; autl by the testimony of Galinde, we fiud\\nJoliet and La Salle face to face in this Indian vil-\\nlage, Joliet already cognizant of the West, and ex-\\nplaining to La Salle and his companions his idea of\\nthe best mode of reaching the Mississippi, and of-\\nfering them a description which he had drawn up\\nof his route. In the question of the priority be\\ntween La Salle and Joliet, all this is highly im-\\nportant.\\nNow, let us see how this matter is treated in\\nMargry s first authority.\\nThe Second Part of the Anonymous Memoir,\\nheaded Histoire de M. de la Salle, begins thus\\nHe left France at 21 or 22 years of age, suffi-\\nciently conversant with the last Relations of the\\nNew World, and with the design of attempting some\\nnew discoveries there. After having been some\\ntime in Canada, having acquired some knowledge\\nof the languages, and traveled nortliward where he\\nfound nothing that induced him to remain, he re-\\nsijlved to tviru southward, and having advanced for\\nthis purpose t) an Indian town, where there was a\\nJesuit whose name has escaped me (I do not know\\nwhether it was not Father Albantl) and where he\\nhoped to find guides, this Jesuit had notice of his\\ncoming and his design, went off to a distance, and\\nalthough the Indians of that town, as almost all\\nthose of that continent, have of themselves no re-\\npugnance to serve as guides, he could never fiud a\\nsingle one who would render him that service. He\\naccordingly had to reojain there some time, during\\nwhich having persuaded those who aei^ impauied\\nhim to try some fortune, lioping to find some ludi\\nans who would guide him, he went further, found\\nwhat he sought and Mr. Galiuee, who was with", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "13\\nhim and who had gone to Canada only to catechise\\nthe Indians, thinking that he could render more\\nservice in the places where there were Jesuits, al-\\nthough he was moreover connected with the Sulpi-\\ntiaus, resolved to go to the Ottawas, which is a nor-\\nthern nation, above the Fresh Water Sea, who carry\\non a great trale in beaver. This ecclesiastic had\\nasked a Mission from the Bishop of Canada and\\nthat Bishop had sent him to the Jesuits to receive\\na Mission from them. Mr. Galin ^e, surprised at\\nthis dismissal, told him that he could not take his\\nmission from the Jesuits, if merely because tie was\\na licentiate of the Sorbonne, where he would never\\nbe pardoned for so extraordinary a step, but he\\ncould obtain nothing from the Bishop. He never-\\ntheless set out, unable to persuade himself that\\nthese Fathers would at least prevent his baptizing,\\nas he was a deacon. Accordingly with this hope he\\nleft Mr, de la Salle, who thought very differently\\nfrom him, and who assured him that he would not\\nbe there long and in fact the Jesuits thanked him\\nand promptly bowed him out. Meanwhile Mr. de\\nla Salle continued his way on a river which goes\\nfrom east to west and passes to Onoutagu^ (Onon-\\ndaga), then to six or seven leagues below Lake\\nErie, and having reached the 280th or 83d degree\\nof longitude and as far as the ilst degree of lati-\\ntude, found a cataract which falls westward in a\\nlov marshy country, all covered with old stumps\\nsome of which are still standing. He was forced to\\nland, and following a ridge which might lead him\\nfar, he found some Indians who told him that very\\nfar from there, this same river which lost itself in\\nthis low and vast country, united again in a single\\nbed. He accordingly continued his way, but as\\nthe hardship was great, 23 or 24 men whom he had", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "14\\nconducted up to that point, all left him iu oue\\nuight, regained the river aud escaped, some to New\\nNetherland, the others to New Englmd, He then\\nbeheld himself alone four hundred leagues from his\\nhome, to which nevertheless he succeeded in return-\\ning ascending the river, and living by hunting, on\\nherbs and what the Indians gave him whom he met\\non the way.\\nSome time after that he made a second attempt\\nou the same river, which he left below Lake Erie,\\nmaking a portage of six or seven leagues to embark\\non that lake, which he crossed to the north, ascend-\\ned the river which forms this lake, passed Salt Wa-\\nter Lake, entered the Fresh Water Sea, doubled the\\npoint of land which divides this lake iu two, and\\ndescending it from north to south, leaving on the\\nwest the bay of the Puants, discovered a bay infin-\\nitely larger, at the head of which on the west he\\nfound a very fine harbor, and at the head of this\\nharbor a river that runs from east to west. He fol-\\nlowed this river and having reaf^hed about the 280th\\ndegree of longitude and 39th degree of latitude,\\nfound another river which, joining the former,\\nflowed from northwest to southeast. He followed\\nthis river to the 36th degree of latitude where he\\nfound it advisable to stop, contenting himself \\\\vith\\nthe almost certain hope of being one day able to\\npass, by following the course of this river, to the\\nGulf of Mexico, and not daring with the small party\\nhe had, to hazard an enterprise in the course of\\nwhich he might find some obstacle insuperable to\\nthe means which he had.\\nThis vague series of statements without a single\\ndate, or the name of a tribe, or a description of a\\nlandmark is quoted to us as historical authority\\nThe first part is covered by Galiniie s careful uar-", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "15\\nrative where every date is given, and the course\\nmarked so that it can be traced, and that narrative\\nshows the falsity of this paper. La Salle and Dol-\\nlier de Cassor each impelled by the information\\ngiven by some Seneca ambassadors resolved to reach\\nthe Mississippi, the former to explore it to its mouth\\non the Pacific, believing the Ohio the main river\\nruuaing constantly westward (see Dollier de\\nCasson, Voyage de M. de Courcelles, Margry 1, p.\\n181 N. Y. Col. Doc, ix. p. 80). Dollier de Casson,\\na Siilpitiau priest to found Missions on its banks.\\nThe Histoire de M. de la Salle suppresses Dollier\\nde Casson, and invents a story about Galioee s\\nbeing refused a Mission by the Bishop, and being\\nsent to the Jesuits. The story is palpably false, as\\nhis own narrative shows. He went merely as assis-\\ntant to Dollier de Casson, who received from Bishop\\nLaval, faculties such as he had given the year before\\nto Feaelon. Mr. Faillou describes them and refers\\nto the Greffe de Villemarie, Archives Judiciares,\\nwhere they are, dated May 15th, 1669. Those of\\nFdnelon to which he refers, are printed in Dollier\\nde Casson s History of Montreal, issued by the\\nHistorical Society of that city, and were recently\\ntranslated by me for The First Pages of Cayuga\\nHistory. Each party fitted out its own canoes,\\nand neither seems to have provided an interpreter\\nknowing any Iroquois dialect, so that on reaching\\nthe Seneca country they were helpless. Then they\\ncrossed the mouth of the Niagara, and proceeded\\nto an Iroquois village on the Northern shore of\\nLake Ontario. If in doing this La Salle can be\\nsaid to have gone further and found what he\\nsought, the Histoire ii true, if not it is false its\\nstatement of Galinee s Mission is false the state-\\nment that he left La Salle when they parted at Te-", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "16\\nnaoutaoua, because the Bishop would not give him\\nfaculties is false that he went to the Jesuits who\\ndeclined his services^ ii- false, by Galin^e s own\\nshowing.\\nThe attempt to reach the Mississippi by the way\\nof the Seneca country having failed, Dollier de\\nCasson and Galinee^ acted on the advice of Joliet,\\nwho gave them mformation t-ufficient to draw a map,\\nand they went to Sault Ste. Marie and the isles off\\nGreen Bay, evidently to folio v the course by the\\nWisconsin which Joliet himself subsequently took.\\nGalinde s narrative shows that Joliet was conversant\\nwith the subject, had stiadied the country, made\\nno secret of the route he deemed best, and enseur-\\naged others to try it. And at this time we have no\\nevidence of any knowledge of the Mississippi on\\nthe part of La Salle except of the most vague char-\\nacter.\\nThe Bistoire proceeds Meanwhile Mr. de la\\nSalle continued his way on a river which goes from\\neast to west, and passes to Onondaga, then to six\\nor seven leagues below Lake Erie. The Sulpi-\\ntians left him on the northern shore of Lake On-\\ntario this account transports him suddenly to a\\nriver rising east of Onondaga, passing by that and\\n^an4 then running westward within twenty miles of\\nLake Erie. In the Memoire attributed to La Salle\\nhimself, there is no such absurdity. He there\\n(Margry 1, p. 330,) merely claims that he discovered\\nthe Ohio, and continues He followed it to a\\nplace where it falls from very high into vast marshes,\\nat 37 degrets North, after having been swollen by an-\\nother wide river that comes from the north. While\\nthe Histoire confusing everything says: Having\\narrived at 280 degrees or 83 degrees of longitude,\\nand to 41 degrees of longitude he found a eataract", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "17\\nwhijh falls towards the west in a low marshy\\ncounfciy all covered with old stumps, etc.\\nThat La Salle really reached the Ohio is gener-\\nally admitted but neither of these accounts en-\\nables us to fix the point to which he followed it.\\nThere is certainly no high fall. The rapids at\\nLouisville cannot be so called, and the wide river\\nfrom the north is wanting as well as the marshes\\nthrough which an Indian canoe could not pass. To\\nassume that he reached the Mississippi, and make\\nit the ^vide river from the north flowing into the\\nOhio, makes the allusion to the high falls absurd,\\nas there are certainly none on the Mississippi below\\nthe mouth of the Ohio. The Histoire so far from\\nremoving doubts, thicken them.\\nIts sequel, that he kept ou his way by a ridge,\\ncill his 23 or 24 men deserted him, and made their\\nway to New Netherland (New York), or New Eng-\\nland, which must mean Virginia, does not look\\nprobable. Galin^e says that La halle proposed\\ntakiug five canoes and fourteen men, andDollier de\\nCassou, three canoes and seven men, but that they\\nreally started with seven canoes, each with three\\nmen. After they parted company La Salle could\\nnot have had twenty- three or twenty-four men as-\\nhis share of the twenty-one. While we admit La\\nSalle s discovery of a river, it cannot be on this con-\\nfused and distorted Memoir. We have in favor of\\nit La Salle s, not very intelligible account, for\\nneither the Ohio nor the Mississippi meets the\\ncase, a subsequent reference to the Ohio as a river\\nhe discovered, the recognition of La Salle s claim ou\\nJoliet s maps, and the passage in Talon s letter to\\nthe King, November 2, 1671, which we may justly\\nrefer to this exploration. The Histoire adds noth-\\ning to these.", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "18\\nThe next statement in the Histoire is the one on\\nwhich Mr. Margry relies to prove that La Salle\\ndiscoYtred the Mississippi before Marquette and\\nJoliet s voyage in 1673. Its statement is that some\\ntime after his discovery of the Ohio, that is an in-\\ndefinite time after an unsettled date, La Salle made\\na second attempt on the same river, and leaving it,\\nreached Lake Erie by a portage of six or seven\\nleagues, taking the route which Galinee says the\\nSenecas recommended, that of the Muskingam, and\\nCuyahoga, or Scioto and Sandusky, or thatreferred\\nto later by La Salle, the Maumee and Wabash.\\nThat he then crossed Lake Eiie, ascended the St.\\nClair, entered Lake Michigan, and at the head of\\nthe lake found a fine harbor, which seems to cor-\\nrespond to Chicago, and to give the narrative the\\nwidest interpretation, from this place reached a river\\nrunning west, the lUiuois, which he followed to the\\nMississippi, and descended that river to latitude 39\\ndegrees North, longitude 280 degrees West, where an-\\nother river, the Missouri, came from the northwest,\\nand passing its mouth he kept on to 36 degrees\\nNorth.\\nAs this pretended discovery is mentioned pn no l\\ndocument of the time, it rests solely on this Recit\\nand Histoire and the credibility of this paper\\nmust be tested. Its very form is against it it is\\nwithout name or date, but evidently more recent\\nthan 1678, when Joliet s voyage was known. As to\\nLa Salle s voyage it gives no dates or details as to\\ntlie number of his men, the name of a single one\\nwho accompanied him, persons met at any point of\\nthe route, the ime occupied on the voyage. There\\nis nothing that could not have been derived from\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2loliet s account of the Mississippi. In itself the\\nRecit and Histoire is utterly worthless as histori-", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "19\\ncal evidence. It abounds in statements easily re-\\nfuted, and so preposterous that Mr. Parkmau and\\nMargry have hitherto consigned them to oblivion,\\nMr. Parkman showing hi?, contempt of them, by\\nnever alluding to them in his Jesuits of North\\nAmerica or Discovery of the Great West. Thus it\\ncharges that the Jesuits at Mackinac and Sault\\nSte, Marie had soldiers whom they drilled in the\\nuse of weapoQS and though we have Galin^e s, La\\nSalle s, Hennepin s, and even La Hon tan s accounts\\nof visits to Mackinac, not one, though all unfriend-\\nly to the Jesuits, even hints at such a state of things,\\nnor does Froutenac ever charge this in the de-\\nspatches where he gathers all he can against them.\\nMore vile than this is the charge that Brebeuf,\\nDaniel and the other Jesuits killed on the Huron\\nMission died fighting and that Father Garnier\\nshot down three men before he fell. It would be\\nnecessary simply to read this precious document of\\nMargry s, and Garnier s letters to decide which\\nwas the honest man. The charge that Brother le\\nBoeme killed two Sioux at Sault Ste. Marie, that\\nBishop Laval kept an open shop in his house, are\\na sample of the style of the whole paper.\\nIt professes to be made from conversations with\\nLa Salle, notes being taken after each interview,\\nyet it is filled with professed inability to recollect\\nnames, and shows that the writer had access to dis-\\npatches of Frontenac from which some of the mat-\\nter is drawn, as, for instance, Hennepin s visit to\\nFather Bruyas, whose name in his usual style this\\nauthor professes to forget. As a sample of his\\nhonesty bake this The Jesuits had sent to France,\\nmore than a year ago, one of their Donu(^ Brothers,\\nnamed Joliet, with another map made from hearsay,\\nand this Donne Brother took to himself the honor", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "20\\nof this discovery. This imposture did not sncceed\\nto the honor of this Donne Brother, who accwrding\\nto all appearances did not meet the questions usually-\\nmade on such occasions, and Mr. Galin^e gave one\\nof my friends to understand that he knew no one\\nbut Mr. de la Salle capable of having made that\\ndiscovery.\\nAre we to take this as history To make Joliet\\na Donne, one of those humble workingmeu who\\nfrom zeal gave their services at the Missions to\\nsay that Joliet who, asGalineetellsus, gave La Salle\\nand Dollier de Casson a description of the route to\\nthe West, and told them the most practicable route\\nto the Mississippi, made his map of the river from\\nhearsay to eall his claim an imposture when Fron-\\ntenac announces his mission by authority, and when\\nthe Government subsequently rewarded him for it, is\\nWorse than a crime it is a blunder. Marquette and\\nJoliet with only live men faced dangers from which\\nDollier de Casson and Galinee with better equip-\\nment recoiled they carried out the exploration with\\nfewer men than La Salle had in his ineffectual at-\\ntempt to reach the Ohio far fewer than the force\\nwith which he finally reached the exaggerated rapids\\nat Louisville, the only falls his advocates can find.\\nThis paper Mr. Margry did wisely to keep back\\nfor thirty years, and the United States Government\\nwould have done wisely to keep it thirty years be-\\nfore printing it as history. We may almost expect\\nto see Barou Munchausen issue from the Govern-\\nment printing office.\\nTo seek to establish any historicnl fact ou the\\nmere authority of this miserable anonymous libel is\\nriiliculous. But it may be said that Mr. Margry\\nlias a document to support it. Let us examine it.\\nThis other document, relied upon by Mr. Margry,", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "21\\nis a letter of Magdalen Cavelier, Dame Leforestier,\\na niece of La Salle s, written more than eighty\\nyears after the period of the discovery of the Mis-\\nsissippi. It shows her to be very ignorant. Al-\\nmost every word is misspelt. It runs thus\\nThis 21 January 1756.\\nAesoon, sir, your letter received, I sought a\\nsafe way to send you the papers of Mr, de la S lUe,\\nThere are maps which I have joined to these pa-\\npers, which ought to serve to prove that m 1675 Mr.\\nde la Salle had already made two voyages in these\\ndiscoveries, siuce there is a map which I send you,\\nby which mention is made of the place where Mr.\\nde la Salle landed near the river Misipi, another\\nplace that he calls River Cobrer, in another he takes\\npossession of this country in the name of the king\\nand plants a cross, another place that he calls Fron-\\ntenac, the river Saint Lorans at another place. You\\nwill see in these pieces the review made in the\\nfort, which he built of stone, which was of wood.\\nYou will find the receipt of^Mr. Duchesneau for in-\\ntendant of 9000 liv. which Mr. de la Salle had paid\\nhim to indemnify those who had ma ;le this fort of\\nwood.\\nNow what is there in this? Simply that he had\\nmade two voyages of exploration by 1675, fixing, as\\nit were, 1675 as the date of his visit to the Missis-\\nsippi, and yet the whole tenor makes it clear that\\nthe map was made subsequent to his voyage to the\\nmouth, and his planting a cross there, taking pos-\\nsession in the king s name. Certainly there is\\nnothing here to prove that he visited the Mississip-\\npi before Joliet. The use of the name Colbert,\\nwhich was given by Joliet, is evidence that the map\\nwas later than his discoveries. But the letter is too\\nvague to amount to anything. The lady was a par-", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "22\\nty to a suit many years before, and the papers in\\nher hands must have all been canvassed then. No\\ntrace of such a claim appears at that time.\\nIt may be said that the remark of Talon, iu 1671,\\nrefers really to La Salle s expedition, in which he\\ndiscovered the Mississippi, and that the Ohio dis-\\ncovery took place before and immediately after\\nparting with DoUier de Casaon. This theory can-\\nnot stand for a moment. Talon, writing by the ves-\\nsels that sailed in November, 1671, announces that\\nLa Salle had not yet returned from his explorations.\\nWe are then to believe that La Salle returned from\\nthe West and announced to Talon in December, 1671,\\nor early in 1672, that he had reached the great river\\nof the West, and descended it to 36 degrees North\\nand that Talon either disbelieved the whole story\\nand treated it as a fiction, or else forgot it as soon\\nas he heard it. Certainly, by the time the sum-\\nmer of 1672 came. Talon was not intiueuced by La\\nSalle s report, if there was any report, or he would\\nnot have despatched Joliet to the West to try and\\ndiscover the very river that La Salle had just ex-\\nplored. As Talon has a reputation of being some-\\nthing bt tier than an idiot, we must hold that when\\nhe sent Joliet to discover and explore the Missis-\\nsippi, he had no intelligence of its discovery and\\nexploration by any one else.\\nHad he known of La Salle s discovery and treat-\\ned it as an imposture, La Salle, on going to France,\\nin 1674, would undoubtedly havd protested against\\nthe wrong done him, and in working against Johet s\\nIllinois project, in 1677, would have used his claim\\nof prior discovery. Even at a later date, when he\\nmade the voyage down, which is so fully chroni-\\ncled, he merely criticized Joliet s account, admit-\\nting his voyage, without pretending to have anti-\\ncipated him.", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "23\\nIndeed, he admits Joliet s priority: It is true\\nthat the Sieur Joliet, to anticipate him, made a\\nvoyage, iu 1673, to the River Colbert, says La\\nSalle, himself. (Margry, 2, p. 285.)\\nMoreover, we have La Salle s own evidence, in\\nregard to this Chicago route. In his letter of Sep-\\ntember 29, 1680 (Margry, 2, p. 79), he claims the\\ndiscovery of the Ohio, and extols its superiority\\nover the Wisconsin, the route by which Joliet\\npassed. On p. 95, he decries the Chicago route,\\nas if it had been extolled by others and on p. 167,\\nexplicitly eays that it was recommended by Joliet,\\nand on p. 137, he states that the name Divine was\\ngiven to the river by Joliet.\\nNow, is it possible that he could have taken this\\nroute to the Mississippi prior to the voyage of Mar-\\nquette and Joliet, and consequently before Joliet\\never saw this Chicago river, and yet never allude to\\nthe fact, but on two occasions associate Joliet with\\nit as discoverer, namer and recommender. Would\\nhe not have asserted his own claim, and not fallen\\nback, as he habitually does, on his discovery of\\nthe Ohio?\\nIt seems strange that La Salle, without having\\nexplored the Mississippi, could have gone to France\\nand obtained a grant when Joliet, the real discover-\\ner, met a refusal. But it is not stranger than to\\nsee oiu Government, without any examination, give\\nmoney to Mr. Margry to print papers already ac-\\ncessible, or not worth printing, when papers of the\\nhighest interest to our country lie unprinted here.\\nHowever, it is almost impossible to fix a time when\\nLa Salle could have gone to the Mississippi before\\nhis voyage to France, in the autumn fleet of 1674.\\nThat he had not made the discovery up to No-\\nvember 2, 1671, seems certain from Talon s dis-", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "24\\npatch. That, after his return from Ohio, he start-\\ned westward, and forestalled Marquette and Joliet,\\nor went while they were actually on the river, it is\\nimpossible to believe. There would have been some\\nnotice somewhere of the rival attempts. In the\\nsummer of 1673, he was Front-eaac s messenger to\\nthe Iroquois cantons; at Easter, in 1674, he was\\ncreating a disturbance in the church at Montreal\\nin November he went to France.\\nLa Salle s prior discovery of the Mississippi is\\na bubble, which Mr. Margry, by giving in articles\\nmerely fragments of documents, has ingeniously\\nblown to an immense size. It staggered many\\nwho thought that there must be something in it.\\nClear heads like Harrisse, Tailhau, Faillou, ex-\\namined his arguments carefully, so far as they\\nhad the documents, and decided that he failed to\\nprove his case. Mr. Parkman, more guardedly,\\nreaches the same result. Now that we have all\\nthat he relies on, the bubble bursts and vanishes\\ninto thin air it is merely a monstrous hoax that\\nhe haa been playing.", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "V-X v2r9-^", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3385", "width": "1929", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3427", "width": "2002", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n014 542 119 6 %l", "height": "3617", "width": "2192", "jp2-path": "burstingofpierre00shea_0048.jp2"}}