{"1": {"fulltext": "F\\n35S", "height": "3028", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "0^ .-^^^v^..^^^ A^ ^^M^-^\\n..V C", "height": "2961", "width": "1824", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "Z///A\\ns A S- I)\\nit \u00e2\u0096\u00a0b v I\\nxO\\n^C^O^\\nV.\\n*o^\\ni-)\\nO\\ni?^\\nV\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^0\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0l/\\n,o\\ns*1- r .v", "height": "2961", "width": "1824", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "SOSoOonooooorSOooooc\\nMAPS. ENeRAVINfiS\\nlill BOA", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "zap, Cljarts aiii looks,,\\nPOBLISHBD BT\\nENSIGN, BRIDGMAN FANNING,\\n156 WIIil^IAOT ST., NEW YORK.\\nMAPS\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mouuted.\\nUnited States 8 kinds and sizes.\\nEurope tlirce sizes.\\nNorth America, Europe North\\nAtlantic Ocean,\\nWorld on Mercator s Projec-\\ntion.\\nCanada East and West.\\nNew York State four kinds.\\nMass., Conn and R. I.\\nPennsylvania two si^es.\\nNew Jersey.\\nOhio four kinds and sizes.\\nGreat West: la go.\\nWestern States small.\\nMichigan: township.\\nIllinois two sizes.\\nWisconsin, Iowa Minnesota.\\nIowa small.\\nNew York City four sizes.\\nThirty Miles around New York.\\nPortraits of the Presidents.\\nLast Supper of our tiord.\\nCrucifixion ot Christ..\\nResurrection of Christ.\\nWorld s Standards Costumes.\\nGaide Books Pocket Maps.\\nU. S. Traveler s Guide.\\nWestern Traveler s Guide.\\nOhio Eailroad and Township.\\nCanada East and West.\\nUnited States, Mexico, Central\\nAmerica and West Indies.\\nMichigan: township.\\nIllinois Census for 1840 and 50.\\nWisconsin:\\nMissouri:\\nIowa:\\nMinnesota part of Wisconsin.\\nNew York State.\\nPennsylvania township.\\nGuide to N. Y, City Vicinity.\\nEurope with part of Asia Africa.\\nCHARTS\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Large.\\nEurope and her Sovereigns.\\nTownship Michigan.\\nIllinois: ilhistrated.\\nWisconsin. Iowa Minnesota.\\nPictorial New Y ork illustrated.\\nMass., Conn, and R. I.\\nPennsylvania: illustrated.\\nTownship Ohio illustrated.\\nWoild s Progress.\\nWorld at one View.\\nUnited States at one View.\\nPresidents of the United States.\\nCHARTS\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Small.\\nWorld s Standards Costumes.\\nCity of New York.\\nNew York and Vicinity.\\nUnited States and Mexico.\\nMap of Ireland.\\nWorld at one View.\\nPortraits of the Presidents.\\nTree of Liberty.\\nDeclaration of Independence.\\nConstitution of the U. S.\\nHousewife s Companion.\\nSummary View of all Religions\\nBOOKS.\\nBook of the World.\\nCenotaph: Memoirs of 320, and\\nPol traits of lOii eminent Ameri-\\ncans. By B. J. Lossing.\\nGazetteer of the United States.\\nAmerican LawyeT FormBook\\nWedding Gift.\\nLives of the Presidents.\\nBook of LOO Cities in U. S.\\nBook of the United States.\\nFarmer s Guide.\\nFrugal Housewife.\\nFamily Doctor.\\nUniversal Receipt Book.\\nLions of New York.\\npW\u00c2\u00b0 Maps Mounted, and Job Work of all kinds pertaining to the\\nbusiness, promptly attended to, and well executed.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "mm, BRIDGMAN FANNING S\\nLAKE m RIVIR GUIDl;\\nBEING A\\nTRAVELER S COMPANION\\nTO THE\\nCITIES, TOWNS, AND VILLAGES\\nON THE\\nOF THE\\nUNITED STATES;\\nTOGETHER WITH\\nDescriptions of Natural Curiosities, and Thrilling\\nScenes in Border Warfare.\\nILLUSTRATED WITH\\nMAPS AND ENORAVINaS.\\nNEW YOEK:\\nENSIGN, BRIDGMAN FANNING,\\n156 WILLIAM STREET.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "i\\nEntered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 185G,\\nBy ensign, BRIDGMAN, FANNING,\\nin the Clerk s Office of the District Court of the United States, in and\\nfor the Southern District of New York.\\nSAVAGE MCCREA, STEREOTYPERS,\\n13 Chambers Street, N. Y.\\nkV\\\\\u00c2\u00bb1 i^/*\u00c2\u00bb liV A^ A", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "PREFACE\\nOne of the most interesting and grand features of our coun-\\ntry, is its immense inland seas and far-stretching rivers. Lake\\nSuperior covers an area of 32,000 square miles Lake Michi-\\ngan, 17,000; Lake Huron, 20,400; Lake Erie, 7,000; Lake\\nOntario, 5,400 making an aggregate of 81,800 square miles.\\nThe Mississippi river is navigable for steamers of the largest\\nclass, 2,100 miles; the Missouri, 800; the Ohio, 1,000; to\\nsay nothing of the great number of large tributary streams.\\nThe shores of these lakes and rivers present, at short intervals,\\nnot only flourishing villages, but large cities the commerce\\nof Buffalo alone amounting to not less than $80,000,000 annu-\\nally. How few even of the most intelligent citizens, as they\\npass over these lakes and rivers, are able to point out and give\\nthe name of one in a hundred of these cities and towns.\\nThe publishers of this Guide-Book, feeling how much the\\nwants of the public demanded it, have prepared, with grea*\\ncare, the information here spread out, which, while it is bi-iCi\\nin detail, is comprehensive in outline, and embraces not only\\na short description of more than 700 places, which line these\\nwaters, but also pi esents interesting sketches of many natu-\\nral curiosities, battle-scenes, c. In 1S50, the states and ter-\\nritories, the borders of which are washed by these lakes and\\nrivers, contained a population of 15,765,335; now, probably,\\nexceeding 20,000,000.\\nThe purchaser s attention is particularly called to the full-\\nness and accuracy of the Maps which this book contains, on\\nwhich distances are noted at short intervals.\\nWe now launch our bark upon the waters, in the confident\\nhope that what has cost us so much labor and expense, will\\nprove an invaluable Guide to the traveler, in relieving the\\nmonotony of a route, which otherwise woijld be devoid of in-\\nterest, over many weary miles. Prepared for popular use, it\\nis commended to popular favor, by\\nJanuary 1, 1856. The Publishers.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "DISTANCES\\nFE,OM ST. LOUIS TO ST. AHTHOHY S FALLS.\\nNames of Places. (1 2345 Names of Places. II 2\\nMississippi River...\\n.St. Louis\\nVenice.\\nBremen\\nMatiison\\nChippewa....\\nColumbia\\nBlissouri River.\\nAlton City\\nUpper Alton\\nUandolph.\\nPortage lie Sioux...\\nGrafton\\nIllinois River\\nJlilan\\nBailej s Landing...\\nCape au Grey\\nGilead\\nWithington Landing\\nHamburg\\nClarksvilie\\nLousiana City\\nSalt River\\nSaverton\\nHannibal City\\nBoonville.\\nMarion City\\nAshton\\nQuincy\\nNorth Fabius River.\\nWyaconda River...\\nLagrange\\nTully,\\nWarsaw\\nFox River.\\nAlexand\\nChurchville\\nDes Mo\\nand\\nKeokuk\\nHancock, or Hamilton\\nCity\\nHon tabello..\\nNashville\\nMontrose\\nNauvoo Cit3\\nFort Madison\\nAppanoose.\\nI ontoosuc\\nSkunk River\\nBurlington City\\nOquaka..\\nBluffdale Landing\\nBenton Landing\\nHuron\\nver... _-....\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nJria..\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0chville\\nMoines River, Mo.\\ni lo\\n2\\nKeitsburg\\nIowa River\\nNew Boston\\nPort Louisa\\nMuscatine City\\nDruiy ._..\\nFairport\\nIllinois City\\nAndalusia....\\nBuSalo\\nRock River.........\\nRockingham\\nRock Island City....\\nRock Island\\nRock l.sland Rapids.\\nIlavenport City.\\nMoline.\\nHampton\\nBerlin\\nLe Clare\\nParkliurst.\\nPort Byron\\nPrinceton\\nCordova\\nVVapsipinicon River....\\nCamanche\\nAlbany\\nNew York\\nLyons i\u00c2\u00ab..\\nFulton City\\nBluftville\\nSahula\\nSavannah\\nPortsmouth...\\nMakoqueta River\\nBellevue\\nFever River\\nGalena City. 6 miles\\nup Fever River\\nTete de Marie\\nDubuque.\\nDunleith. ..._\\nPeru\\nSinipee\\nOsceola\\nPotosi Landing\\nBuena Vista\\nFrankford\\nTurkey River\\nCassville\\nGuttenburg\\nMendota\\nClayton City\\nKilroy\\nCincinnati........\\nK 1111\\nVV lo\\nE 111\\nW lo\\nW lo\\n111\\nlo\\n111\\nlo\\nlo\\n111\\nlo\\nlo\\n111\\n111\\nlo\\n111\\n111\\nlo\\nlo\\n111\\nlo\\nlo\\n111\\nlo\\nwis\\nWis\\nWis\\nlo\\nlo\\nlo\\nWis\\nlo\\nVVi\\nlo\\nlo\\nWis\\n!314\\n28\\nISi.iO.o\\n3jS08\\n7\\n315\\n329\\nKxpLANATioN. I. On which side of the river located,\\ntance from place to place. 4. Total distance. 5. Page.\\n2. State situated in. 3, Dis-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "INDEX TO PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVES.\\nNames of Places.\\nWisconsin River\\nMcGregor s Lauding\\nForfCrawford\\nPrairie du Oliien\\nBrookviUe\\nPainted Rock\\nLynxville\\nWexford\\nColumbus\\nLansing.\\nUpper Iowa River\\nState Line, lo. Wis.\\nBad Axe River\\nWarner s Landing\\nRacoon River\\nHokab River.....\\nT.ii rro?\u00c2\u00abe I\\nLa Crosse River\\nBlack River\\nMountain River\\nHolmes Landing I\\nMinnesota City J\\nSugar l^oaf Island\\nWazi Oju River\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n1\\n2\\n3\\n4\\nE\\nWis\\n9\\nr 2f,\\nVV\\nlo\\n2\\nr -2-\\nK\\nWis\\n1\\n.-r2S\\nK\\nVV\\nWis\\nlo\\n1\\n52H\\nVV\\nTo\\n12\\n.541\\nK\\nWis\\nV2\\n.i3.3\\nW\\nlo\\nS\\n-o56\\nVV\\nlo\\n12\\no68\\nW\\nlo\\n3\\n.571\\nW\\nlo\\n9\\n.180\\nW\\nWis\\n4\\n384\\nE\\nWis\\n18\\n602\\nE\\nWis\\n2\\n604\\nVV\\nMin\\n16\\n6^0\\n11j\\nWis\\nr-,\\n625\\nK\\nWi\u00c2\u00ab\\nfi\\n631\\nE\\nWis\\n25\\n6.36\\nE\\nW\\nWis\\nMin\\n22\\n678\\n4\\n682\\nW\\nMin\\n10\\n692\\nNames of Places.\\nWabasliaw\\nBufialo River\\nReed s Landing\\nNelson s Landing I\\nChippewa River\\nMaiden s Rock\\nLake Pepin\\nRed Wing 5\\nCannon, or Laliotan Riv.\\nPrescott 1\\nSt. Croix River and\\nLake\\nPoint Douglas J\\nVermilion River\\nRed Rock\\nKaposia\\nSt. Paul\\nMendota\\nMinnesota River J\\nFort Snelling\\nSt. Anthony s Falls.\\nSt. Anthony City\\nMinneapolis..\\n2\\n3\\n4\\n5\\nM in\\nWis\\n12\\n704\\n35\\n3S\\nVlin\\n17\\n721\\n35\\nWis\\n2\\n723\\n35\\n35\\nWis\\n22\\n743\\n35\\nMin\\n19\\n764\\n36\\nVlin\\n4\\n768\\n36\\nWis\\n36\\nWis\\n26\\n794\\n36\\nMin\\n37\\nMin\\n1\\n795\\n37\\nMin\\n2\\n797\\n37\\nVlin\\n10\\n807\\n87\\nMin\\n4\\n811\\n37\\nMin\\n6\\n817\\n38\\n38\\nMin\\n1\\n818\\n39\\nMin\\n39\\nMin\\n7\\n823\\n40\\nMin\\n41\\nFrom ^ew Orleans to the Gulf of Mexico.\\nVersailles. .IE\\nFort St. Leon Iw\\n51 I 4I||Fort St. Philip IE [La |.36l 72[\\n111 I 16| 4l||MouthsoftheMiEsissippij |La !28|l00|\\nMississippi Eiver, from Hew Orleans to St. Louis.\\nNew Orleans\\nAlgiers, opposite N. O..\\nCarrolton\\nRed Church\\nBonnet Quare Church...\\nJefferson College, and\\nC. H\\nDonaldsonville\\nBayou Lafourche\\nSt. Ann Chapel\\nBayou Goula\\nLouisiana Institute.....\\nSt. Gabriel Church.....\\nIbbervi-Ue, P. O\\nPlaquemine.....\\nPlaquemine Bayou... 5\\nBayou Ibberville\\nManchac 5\\nBruly Landing....\\nBaton Rouge\\nWest Baton Rouge.\\nPort Hickory and Fon-\\ntania\\nPort Hudson\\nWaterloo\\nBayou Sara\\nSt. Francisville S\\nE\\nLa\\nVV\\nLa\\n44\\nE\\nLa\\n6\\n44\\nE\\nLa\\n18\\n24\\n43\\nVV\\nLa\\n20\\n44\\n4.3\\nE\\nLa\\n20\\n64\\n43\\nVV\\nLa\\n16\\n80\\n45\\nE\\nLa\\n18\\n98\\n43\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0e\\nLa\\n2\\n100\\n45\\nE\\nLa\\n1\\nlo:\\n45\\nE\\nLa\\n5\\n106\\n43\\nE\\nLa\\n1\\nio-\\n43\\nW\\nLa\\n8\\nns\\n45\\nE\\nLa\\n5\\n120\\n45\\nW\\nLa\\n12\\n132\\n45\\nE\\nLa\\n6\\n13H\\n4,3\\n46\\nE\\nLa\\n22\\n160\\n46\\nE\\nLa\\n1\\n161\\n46\\nW\\nLa\\n4\\n16S\\n46\\nE\\nLa\\n6\\n171\\n46\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0181\\nPoint Coupee\\nMorgan 7,a\\nBayou Tunica\\nRed River Cut Off,\\nAtchafalaya Bayou,\\nRed River\\nLa. and Miss. State Line\\nClarksville\\nFort Adams\\nBumilo River\\nHomo Chitta River\\nUnion Point, P. Q\\nWhilo, or Ellis Cliffs..\\nSt. Catherine s Creek.\\nNatchez\\nVidalia 5\\nFairchild Creek\\nColes Creek\\nWater Proof.\\nRodney\\nSt. ,7oseph\\nBruinsburg\\nBayou Pierre J\\nGrand Gulf\\nBig Black River\\nPoint Pleasant....\\nNew Carthage\\nw\\nLa\\n3\\n176\\nW\\nLa\\nII\\n187\\nE\\nLa\\n13\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0202\\nw\\nLa\\n22\\n224\\nw\\nLa\\n8\\n232\\nw\\nLa\\n2\\n234\\nE\\n10\\n244\\nE\\nMis\\n2\\n246\\nE\\nMis\\n1\\n247\\nE\\nMis\\nII\\n258\\nW\\nLa\\n6\\n264\\nE\\nMis\\n19\\n283\\nE\\nw\\nMis\\nLa\\nIS\\n301\\nE\\nMis\\n13\\n314\\nE\\nMis\\n9\\n323\\nE\\nMis\\n4\\n327\\nE\\nMis-\\n3\\n332\\nw\\nLa\\n7\\n339\\nE\\nMis\\n3\\n342\\nE\\nMis\\n11\\n333\\nE\\nMis\\n2\\n335\\nW\\nLa\\n11\\n366\\nVV\\nLa\\n13\\n379\\nExplanation. On which side of the river located\\ntance from place to place. 4. Total distance. 5. Page.\\n2. State situated iu.\\nDis-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "INDEX TO PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI EIVEK.\\nNames of Places. 1\\nWarrenton.\\nVicksbuig I\\nWalnut Hills 5\\nTuscunibia Landing\\nYazoo River\\nMilliken s Bend\\nBrunswick Landing\\nTallulali\\nProvidence\\nBunches Bend\\nLa. and Ark. State Line.\\nPrinceton......\\nGrand Lake\\nPoint Worthington\\nLakeport\\nGreenville\\nColumbia.\\nYellow Bend Landing.\\nBolivar\\nNapoleon\\nArkansas River J\\nWhite River, Mo. and\\nArk\\nMontgomery s Point\\nVictoria\\nConcordia\\nLavonia\\nDelta\\nYazoo Pass\\nHelena\\nStirling.\\nSt. Francis River, Mo.\\nand Ark\\nPeyton\\nAustin\\nCommerce\\nNorfolk\\nMiss, and Tenn. State\\nLine\\nPickering\\nMemphis\\nWolf River.. 5\\nGreenock\\nRandolph\\nHatche River........\\nFulton\\nOsceola\\nAshport\\nForked Deer River\\nLa\\nMis\\nMis\\nLa\\nLa\\nMis\\nArk\\nMis\\nArk\\nMis\\nArk\\nArk\\nMis\\nArk\\nArk\\nMis\\nMis\\nArk\\nMis\\nArk\\nArk\\nTen\\nTen\\nArk\\nTen\\nTen\\nArk\\nTen\\nTen\\n3 4\\n19 398\\n10 108\\n477\\n52\\n481\\n6-2\\n497\\n52\\n499\\n62\\nftlO\\n62\\nSl. i\\n62\\n;il9\\ni2\\nn38\\n62\\n,n47\\n52\\n.^.^5\\n62\\n,58-2\\n63\\nCi08\\n53\\n620\\n53\\n638\\n54\\n639\\n64\\n640\\n64\\n641\\n54\\n644\\n54\\n704\\n55\\n715\\n55\\nNames of Places.\\nNeedham s Cut-Off.\\nLittle Prairie.....\\nWalker s Bend\\nRiddles s Point.\\nPoint Pleasant..\u00e2\u0080\u0094\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nNew Madrid\\nTenn. and Ky. State Line\\nHickman\\nWolf Island _..\\nColumbus _..\\nBaldwinville J\\nNorfolk.\u00e2\u0084\u00a2.....\\nOhio River i\\nCairo\\nOhio City\\nNew Philadelphia\\nCommerce\\nThebes\\nCape Girardeau\u00e2\u0080\u0094..\u00e2\u0080\u0094..\\nBainbridge....\\nHamburg\\nUnion Point......\\nBig Muddy River\\nBreesville\\nWittemberg.\\nDevil s Bake Oven and\\nGrand Tower\\nFountain Blufl\\nLiberty\\nChester\\nKaskaskia River\\nKaskaskia\\nSt. Mary s Landing\\nSt. Genevieve\\nFort Cliartres.....\\nRush Tower....\\nSelma\\nHerculaneum\\nHarrisonville\\nClifton\\nSulphur Spring....\\nMarimec River.........\\nOakville\\n.Teflerson Barracks...\\nCarondolet\\nCabokia\\nIllinois Town\\nSt. Louis\\n1\\n3\\n3\\n4\\nTen\\nQ\\n909 r\\nW\\nMo\\n22\\n931\\nw\\nMo\\n5\\n936 f\\nw\\nMo\\n15\\n961\\nw\\nMo\\n8\\n969.\\nw\\n31o\\n2\\n961\\nE\\n16\\n977\\nE\\nKy\\n.Jl\\n1008\\n11\\n1019\\nE\\nw\\nKy\\nMo\\n5\\n1024\\nw\\nMo\\n12\\n1036\\nE\\nK\\nill\\n4\\n1040\\nw\\nMo\\nw\\nMo\\n2(1\\nlOfiO\\nw\\nMo\\n8\\n1068\\nE\\n111\\n2\\n1070\\nw\\nMo\\n10\\n1080\\nw\\nMo\\n111\\n10\\n1090\\nK\\n111\\n13\\n1103\\nE\\n111\\n3\\n1106\\nE\\nW\\n111\\nMo\\n6\\nU12\\nE\\n111\\n1\\nU13\\nE\\nIII\\n20\\n1133\\nE\\n111\\n6\\n1139\\nE\\n111\\n1\\n1140\\nw\\nMo\\n3\\n1143\\nw\\nMo\\n8\\n1161\\nE\\nIII\\n12\\nli63\\nW\\nMo\\n10\\n1173\\nw\\nMo\\n6\\n1178\\nw\\nMo\\n3\\nU81\\nE\\n111\\n1\\n1182\\nw\\nMo\\n5\\n1187\\nw\\nMo\\n3\\n1190\\nw\\nMo\\n3\\n1193\\nw\\nMo\\n5\\n1198\\n\\\\v\\nMo\\n6\\n1204\\nw\\nMo\\n4\\n1208\\nE\\nIII\\n4\\n1212\\nE\\nw\\nIII\\nMo\\n3\\n12 15\\nOhio Kiver, from Pittsljurg to Cairo.\\nOhio River\\nPittsburg\\nAlleghany City\\nBirmingham..\\nManchester\\nSewickley\\nMiddletown.\\nEconomy\\nBaden\\nFreedom Borough.\\nRl\\nPa\\n62\\nR\\nL\\nPa\\nPa\\n64\\n64\\nR\\nPa\\n2\\n64\\nR\\nPa\\n6\\n7\\n64\\nL\\nPa\\n4\\n]l\\n64\\nR\\nPa\\n8\\n19\\n64\\nR\\nPa\\n2\\n21\\n65\\nR\\nPa\\n3\\n24\\n66\\nRochester Borough...\\nBeaver Kiver I\\nBeaver Borough\\nIndustry\\nGeorgetown i\\nGlasgow I\\nLiverpool\\nWells ville\\nNewburg\\nSteubenville\\nR\\nPS\\n6\\n29\\nR\\nPa\\n9\\n38\\nL\\nPa\\n6\\n44\\nR\\n6\\n50\\nH\\nO\\n5\\n5.=i\\nn\\n4\\n69\\nR\\n16\\n75\\nExpLAKATioN. 1. On which side of the river located. 2. State situated in.\\ntance from place to place. 4. Total distance. 5. Page,\\n3. Die-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "INDEX TO PLACES ON THE OHIO EIVER.\\nNames of Places,\\nWellsburg\\nLagrangr\\nWarreiiicin\\nTiltonville\\nBurlington\\nMartinsville\\nBridgeport I\\nVVheeling City 5\\nWest Wheeling....\\nBellaire\\nKlizabellitovvu\\nG rave reek\\nArohville\\nVVoodlanil\\nSteinesville\\nClearington\\nNew aiartinsville\\nSisterville\\nWittens\\nGrand View\\nNewport\\nLittle IMuskiiigum River\\nMarietta\\nMuskingum River....\\nH inner\\nVienna Landing\\nParkersburg\\nBelpre\\nLittle Kanawlia River,\\nBlennerhasset Island.\\nHockingport\\nHockbocking River...\\nBelleville\\nMurraj sville\\nShade River\\nRavens wood\\nLetartsville\\nGraham Station\\nMiners ville\\nNxesville\\nPomeroj\\nMiddleport\\nSheffield S-\\nCoalport\\nPoint Pleasnnt\\nGreat Kanawha River\\nGallipolis\\nHerefords\\nGreen Bottom\\nBladensburg\\nMiUersport\\nGuyandotte...\\nGuyandotte River....\\nProctorsville\\nBurlington\\nBig Sandy River, Va.\\nand Ky\\nCattlesburg\\nCoal G rove.\\nAmanda\\nIronton\\nHanging Rock\\nGreenupsburg\\nHaverhill\\n1\\na\\n3\\n4\\n5\\n1\\nVa\\nR\\nb\\n81\\nbb\\nR\\nO\\n1\\n82\\n66\\nR\\no\\n1\\nS3\\n66\\nR\\no\\n7\\n90\\n66\\nR\\no\\n:i\\n93\\n66\\nR\\no\\n2\\n95\\n66\\n67\\nt.\\nVa\\n1\\n96\\n67\\nR\\nO\\n4\\n100\\n67\\nL\\nVa\\n9\\n109\\n67\\n69\\nL\\nVa\\n5\\n114\\n(i9\\nL\\nVa\\n5!\\n1)6\\n69\\nR\\nO\\n2\\n118\\n69\\nR\\no\\n2\\n120\\n69\\nL\\nVa\\nU\\n131\\n69\\nL\\nVa\\n139\\n69\\nR\\nU\\n1\\n140\\n69\\nR\\no\\n4\\n144\\n69\\nR\\nu\\n8\\n152\\n6M\\nR\\no\\n13\\n165\\n69\\n69\\nR\\n(5\\n171\\n71\\n71\\nL\\nVa\\n8\\n179\\n71\\nL\\nVa\\nR\\n5\\n184\\n71\\nL\\nVa\\n2\\n186\\n71\\nR\\n13\\n199\\n72\\nL\\nVa\\n4\\n20.3\\n72\\nL\\nVa\\nfi\\n2(W\\n72\\na\\n2\\n211\\n72\\nL\\nVa\\n11\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^22\\n72\\nR\\nC)\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a021\\n243\\n72\\nR\\nU\\n3\\n241\\n73\\nR\\n25 i\\n73\\nR\\n4\\n25ft\\n73\\nR\\nO\\n1\\n256\\n73\\nR\\n1\\n257\\n73\\nL\\nVa\\n11\\n26S\\n73\\nR\\n6\\n273\\n73\\nL\\nVa\\nS\\n278\\n73\\nL\\nVa\\n4\\n282\\n73\\nR\\n3\\n285\\n74\\nR\\no\\n12\\n297\\n74\\nL\\nVa\\n13\\n310\\n74\\nR\\n1\\n311\\n74\\nR\\no\\n6\\n317\\n74\\nKy\\n4\\n321\\n74\\nR\\no\\n5\\n326\\n74\\n1.\\nKv\\n2\\n328\\n74\\nR\\no\\n.5\\n333\\n74\\nR\\no\\n2\\n335\\n75\\nR\\nKy\\n7\\n342\\n75\\nNames of Places.\\nWheelersburj\\nSpringville\\nPortsmouth i\\nSciota River.,...-....\\nAlexandria\\nBradford\\nRockjiort\\nRockville\\nVanceburg\\nRome\\nConconl\\nManchester\\nAberdeen J\\nMaysville 5\\nChariton\\nRipley\\nLevanna\\nDover f\\nHigginsport\\nAugusta\\nChilo\\nNeville\\nMoscow\\nFosterville\\nPoint Pleasant..\\nMotier\\nFlagSpring\\nNew Richmond..\\nPalestine\\nHonie\\nLittle Miami River\\nCartbage\\nColumbia\\nJamestown\\nFulton\\nCincinnati.....\\nNewjiort f\\nCovington J\\nNorth Bend\\nGreat Miami River\\nLavvrenceburg\\nPetersburg.\\nAurora\\nBellevue\\nRising Sun\\nBone Creek\\nHamilton\\nPatriot\\nWarsaw\\nNew York\\nFlorence.\\nV-evay\\nGhent S\\nCarrollton\\nKentucky River\\nFrankfort......\\nPreston.... J\\nMadison\\nIndianapolis\\nMilton\\nHanover Landing.\\nNew London...\\nBethlehem\\nWestport\\ni!\\n1\\n3\\n3\\n4\\nR\\no\\nL\\nKy\\n8\\ny.nu\\nR\\n15\\n365\\nR\\n3\\n368\\nR\\n4\\n372\\nL\\nKy\\ni\\n374\\nK\\nu\\n8\\n382\\nL\\nKv\\n2\\n384\\nR\\nO\\n6\\n390\\nL\\nKy\\n7\\n397\\nR\\ny\\n405\\nR\\n1)\\nL\\nKy\\n13\\n418\\nL\\nKy\\n5\\n423\\nR\\n4\\n42/\\nR\\nL\\nKv\\nR\\nU\\n434\\nL\\nKv\\n5\\n439\\nR\\nU\\n5\\n444\\nR\\n4\\n448\\nR\\no\\n4\\n452\\nL\\nKy\\n1\\n453\\nR\\nu\\n3\\n456\\nL\\nKy\\n1\\n457\\nL\\nKy\\n2\\n459\\nR\\nu\\n1\\n46(1\\nR\\n1\\n461\\nR\\no\\n1\\n46?\\nR\\n10\\n472\\nL\\nKv\\n1\\n473\\nR\\nu\\n474\\nL\\nKy\\n1\\n475\\nR\\no\\nR\\nn\\nL\\nKy\\n477\\nL\\nKy\\nR\\nu\\nu\\n491\\nR\\n3\\n494\\nR\\nla\\n3\\n497\\nL\\nKy\\n2\\n499\\nR\\nla\\n2\\n501\\nL\\nKy\\n7\\n508\\nR\\nla\\n3\\n511\\nL\\nKy\\n13\\n524\\nR\\nla\\n2\\n526\\nL\\nKv\\n10\\n536\\nR\\nla\\n1\\n537\\nR\\nla\\n2\\n539\\nR\\nL\\nla\\nKv\\n6\\n346\\nL\\nKv\\nL\\nKy\\n11\\n556\\nL\\nKy\\nR\\nla\\nla\\n10\\n566\\nL\\nKy\\nR\\nla\\n6\\n572\\nR\\nXa\\n4\\n576\\nR\\nla\\n7\\n583\\nL\\nKy\\n6\\n589\\nExplanation.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1. L, left, R, right side of the river going toward St. Louis. 2. State\\nEituated in. 3. Distance from place to place. 4. Totafdistance. 5. Page.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "10\\nIXDEX TO PLACES ON THE MISSOURI BIVER.\\nNames of Places. 1 13 31 4 5 Names of Places. 1 3\\nHerculaneum\\nCharleston Landing.\\nUtica.\u00e2\u0080\u009e\\nTransylvania\\nJeftersonville.\\nLouisville......\\nSliippensport\\nFortland\\nNew Albany..\\nSalt River\\nWest Point\\nKockhaven.\\nBrandenburg\\nMaucbport.\\nNew Amsterdam.....\\nLeavenworth.\\nFredonia ._\\nAlton\\nHatfield\\nConcordia\\nDerby.\\nRome\\nSinking Creek\\nStepUensport\\nTobinsiiort\\nCloverport\\nSt. Louis\\nHawesville\\nCannelton\\nLower Cannelton....\\nTroy\\nMaxville..\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nLewisport....\\nRock port\\nOwensboro.\\nBon Harbor\\nScuffletown.\\n1\\n3\\n3\\n4\\na\\nla\\n4\\nf,m\\nK\\nla\\n9\\nm2\\nK\\nla\\n5\\nfiOT\\nL\\nK-y\\nli\\nfinq\\nK\\nla\\n6\\nL\\nKy\\n615\\nL\\nKy\\n2\\nfil7\\nL\\nKy\\n2\\nHIQ\\nR\\nia\\n4\\n623\\nL\\nKy\\n15\\n63S\\nL\\nKy\\n11\\n649\\nL\\nKy\\n6\\n655\\nK\\nia\\n2\\n657\\nK\\nla\\n663\\nR\\nla\\n6\\n66Q\\nR\\nla\\n4\\n673\\nR\\nla\\n13\\n6H6\\nR\\nla\\n:i\\n6R4\\nL\\nKy\\n3\\nm-?.\\nR\\nla\\n2\\n6^4\\nR\\nla\\nL\\nKy\\n8\\n702\\nL\\nKy\\nK\\nla\\nL\\nKy\\n12\\n714\\nR\\nla\\n12\\n726\\nL\\nR\\nKy\\nla\\n2\\n728\\nR\\nla\\nI\\n729\\nR\\nla\\n5\\n734\\nL\\nKy\\n5\\n739\\nR\\nla\\n13\\n752\\nL\\nKv\\n8\\n700\\nT-\\nKv\\n1\\n761\\nL\\nKy\\n3\\n764\\nEnterprise...\\nMount Prospect........\\nNewburg\\nGreen River\\nEvnnsville\\nLamasco City\\nVerona\\nHenderson\\nWest Franklin\\nMount Vernon\\nUniontown.\\nWabash River, la. III.\\nRaleigh...\\nRockaway\\nShawneetown J\\nC aseyville\\nTradewater _...\\nFord s Ferry.\\nCave-in-Rock\\nCookseyville\\nElizabeth\\nKirksville\\nRock Quarry\\nGolconda\\nO berry s Ferry 5\\nCumberland River\\nSmitbland. J\\nNew Liberty\\nTennessee River...\\nPaducah 5\\nMassack\\nMetropolis City\\nHillerman\\nNapoleon.\\nCaledonia\\nTrinity.\\nCairo.....\\n4 5\\n904\\n907\\n917\\n927\\n944\\n946\\n959\\n961\\n96-2\\n977\\n993\\n996\\n1005\\n1009\\nPlaces on the Missouri River.\\nMissouri River\\nBellefontaine\\nHall s Ferry\\nSt. Charles City\\nMissouriton\\nWashington..\\nNewport _...\\nGriswold City\\nPinckney\\nBridgeport\\nHerman\\nGasconade River...\\nPortland\\nSmith s Landing\\nOsage River\\nJefferson City J\\nHibernia 5\\nMarion\\nMoniteau..\\nNashville\\nProvidence\\nRockport\\nBoonville........\\nMo\\n98\\ns\\nMo\\n5\\n98\\ns\\nMo\\n12\\n17\\n98\\nN\\nMo\\n7\\n24\\n99\\nN\\nMo\\n33\\n57\\n99\\nS\\nMo\\n8\\n65\\n99\\nS\\nMo\\n5\\n70\\n99\\nS\\nVI\\n16\\n86\\n99\\nN\\nMo\\n18\\n104\\n99\\nN\\nMo\\n1\\n105\\n99\\nS\\nMo\\n3\\n108\\n99\\nS\\nMo\\n6\\n114\\n99\\nN\\nMo\\n14\\n128\\n99\\nN\\nMo\\n12\\n140\\n99\\nS\\nMo\\n9\\n149\\n99\\nS\\nIV\\nMo\\n8\\n157\\n100\\ns\\nMo\\n17\\n174\\n100\\ns\\nMo\\n4\\n178\\n100\\nN\\nMo\\n3\\n181\\n100\\nN\\nMo\\n2\\n183\\n100\\nN\\nMo\\n18\\n201\\n100\\nS\\nMo\\n14\\n215\\n100\\nOld Franklin.\\nArrow Rock\\nBoonsboro\\nBluft port\\nGlasgow\\nChariton......\\nOld .Jefferson\\nUoj Iestown.\\nBrunswick\\nGrand River..\\nDe Witt\\nMiami\\nHill s Landing.\\nWaverley\\nLexington City\\nWellington.\\nCamden\\nNapoleon\\nSibley\\nRichfield\\nLiberty Landing\\nWayne City\\nIndependence\\nN\\nMo\\n2\\n217\\n3\\nMo\\n9\\n226\\n.V\\nMo\\n3\\n229\\nM\\nMo\\n8\\n237\\nN\\nMo\\n6\\n243\\nN\\nMo\\n5\\n248\\nS\\nMo\\n8\\n356\\ns\\nMo\\n7\\n263\\nN\\nMo\\n8\\n271\\nS\\nMo\\n2\\n273\\nN\\nMo\\n2\\n275\\nS\\nMo\\n4\\n279\\nN\\nMo\\n16\\n295\\nS\\nMo\\n5\\n300\\ns\\nMo\\n20\\n320\\ns\\nMo\\n10\\n330\\nN\\nMo\\n338\\nS\\nMo\\n7\\n345\\nS\\nMo\\n8\\n353\\nN\\nMo\\n9\\n,362\\nN\\nMo\\n14\\n376\\nS\\nMo\\n7\\n383\\nExpLAKATioK.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1. On which side of the river located. 2. State situated ia.\\ntauce from place to place. 4. Total distance. 5. Page.\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n101\\n102\\n103\\n102\\n102\\n102\\n102\\nIM\\n102\\n102\\n3. Dis-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "INDEX TO PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HURON, MICH. 11\\nNames of Places. 1 3 3 4 51 Names of Places. 13 3 4 5\\nRandolph\\nKansas Citj\\nKansas River\\nWyandot Citj\\nWestport Landing\\nParkersviUe\\nLittle Platte River\\nFort Leavenworth\\nKickapoo\\nWeston City\\nAtchison\\nDoniphan\\nSt. Joseph\\nKodoway River\\nBigTarkoe River\\nGreat Nahama River..\\nBrownsville..\\n1\\n3\\n3\\n4\\n5\\nN\\nMo\\nti\\n38H\\n103\\nS\\nMo\\n4\\n393\\n103:\\ns\\nKan\\nk-.\\n394\\n103\\nN\\nMo\\nV.\\n103\\nS\\nMo\\n6\\n399\\n103\\nN\\nMo\\nS\\n407\\n104\\nN\\nMo\\nI\\n408\\n104!\\nS\\nKan\\n2S\\n433\\n104\\ns\\nKan\\n4\\n437\\n104\\nN\\nMo\\n1\\n438\\n104\\nN\\nKan\\nU\\n449\\n104\\nS\\nNeb\\n13\\n461\\n105\\nN\\nMo\\nU\\n472\\n105\\nN\\nMo\\n42\\n514\\n105\\nN\\nMo\\n8\\n522\\n105\\nS\\nMo\\n43\\n5fi5\\n105\\nvv\\nNeb\\n34\\n599\\n105\\nOtoe City\\nNebraska City.\\nBethlehem\\nPlattsmouth\\nPlatteville\\nNebraska, or Platte\\nRiver\\nCalifornia City....^.\\nTrader s Point.\\nBelleview.\\nCouncil Bluffs\\nOmaha City............\\nCouncil Bhiffs City...\\nFort CrogUan J\\nFort Calhoun.....\\nSioux City\\n1\\n3\\n3\\n4\\nw\\nNeb\\n17\\nfiifi\\nvv\\nNeb\\n34\\nf 50\\nK\\nlo\\n3\\n653\\nvv\\nNeb\\n28\\n681\\nK\\nlo\\n5\\n686\\nW\\nHp\\\\\\\\\\nE\\nlo\\nmi\\nF,\\niVTn\\nW\\nNeb\\n714\\nw\\nNeb\\nb\\n720\\nw\\nNeb\\n4\\n724\\nE\\nlo\\n1\\n725\\nVV\\nNeb\\nIP\\n743\\nE\\nlo 1 357\\n1100\\n105\\n105\\n105\\n105\\n105\\n106\\n106\\n106\\n106\\n106\\n106\\n106\\n106\\n106\\n106\\nFrom Buffalo to Chicago, via the Lakes.\\n3\\nLake Erie\\nBuffalo\\nSilver Creek\\nDunkirk......\\nErie\\nConneaut Harbor..-.\\nAshtabula........ _.\\nFairport\\nPainesville..........\\nCleveland\\nCuyahoga River\\nOhio City...........\\nBlack River\\nBlack River, town...\\nVermilion River.\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nHuron..\\nSandusky City\\nMarblehead Beacon..\\nPort Clinton\\nToledo City\\nErie\\nMonroe Citi\\nBurt\\nHuron River\\nGibraltar\\nDetroit City\\nDetroit River\\nLake St. Clair......\\nSt. Clair River\\nCottrellville\\nSt. Clair\\nPort Huron\\nLake Huron.........\\nLexington\\nNY\\nNY\\nNY\\nPenn\\nO\\nO\\nO\\nO\\no\\no\\no\\no\\no\\no\\nMich\\nMich\\nMich\\nMich\\nMich\\nMich\\nMich\\nMich\\nPort Sanilac\\nPoint Barques\\nSaginaw Bay. i\\nSaginaw River\\nSaginaw City ...J\\nThunder Bay.\\nPresque Isle Lighthouse.\\nForty-Mile Point\\nMackinaw\\nLake Superior...\\nSt. Mary s Strait\\nSault deSt. Marie J\\nLake Michigan.\\nFox Point..\\nBearer Islands\\nEntrance to Green Bay...\\nGreen River Pine Lake,\\nFox Isles\\nGrand Traverse Bay\\nGreat Manitou Lsland\\nLittle Manitou Island\\nOpposite Gibraltar.\\nKewanee\\nTwo Rivers\\nManitowoc.\\nManitowoc River\\nSheboygan City\\nOzaukee. ..._.\\nMilwaukee City\\nRacine City....\\nKenosha City............\\nWaukegan.....\\nChicago City\\n3 3 4 5\\nMich\\nMidi\\nMidi\\nMich\\nMich\\nMid:\\nMich\\nMich\\nMich\\nMicl\\nMich\\nMich\\nMich\\nWis\\nWis\\nWis\\nWis\\nWis\\nWis\\nWis\\nWis\\nWis\\n111\\n111\\n747\\n765\\n775\\n786\\n7S8\\n798\\n822\\n830\\n850\\n895\\n920\\n926\\n945\\n970\\n994\\n1019\\n1030\\n1047\\n1083\\n117\\n117\\n117\\n119\\n119\\n119\\n119\\n119\\n119\\n119\\n119\\n121\\n121\\n121\\n123\\n123\\n123\\n123\\n133\\n133\\n123\\n123^\\n123\\n123\\n123\\n123\\n123\\n123\\n124\\n124\\n125\\n125\\n125\\nSouthern and Eastern Shores on Lake Michigan.\\nMichigan City...\\nNew Buffalo\\nSt. Joseph s\\nSt. Joseph s River.,\\nSouth Haven.......\\nKalamazoo River..,\\nPort Sheldon\\nla\\n50\\n128\\nMich\\n12\\n62\\n128\\nMich\\nMich\\n25\\n58\\n87\\n115\\n12M\\n128\\n128\\nMich\\n21\\nl.3fi\\n{28\\nMich\\n23\\n159\\n128\\nGrand Haven\\nGrand River\\nLittle Point Au Sable.\\nGreat Point Au Sable\\nPoint Au Betsie\\nEnt ceGrand Traverse Bay\\nMackinaw\\nExplanation.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1. On which side of the river located,\\ntaoce from place to place. 4. Total distance. 5. Page.\\nMich\\n13\\n172\\nMidi\\n57\\n229\\ninich\\n37\\n266\\nMidi\\n50\\n316\\nMich\\n62\\n878\\n.Mich\\n88\\n466\\n12s\\n12S\\n138\\n128\\n128\\n128\\n128\\n2. State situated in. 3. Dis-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "12 INDEX TO PLACES BETWEEN BTJEFALO AND QUEBEC.\\nFrom BuSklo to Quebec, via Lake Ontario, o.\\nNames of Places.\\nNiagara River\\nFort Erie\\nWaterloo\\nBlack Rock\\nGrand Island\\nTonawanda...\\nChippewa\\nNiagara Falls\\nNiagara Falls Village.\\nSuspension Bridge\\nLewiston\\nFort Niagara\\nNiagara\\nLake Ontario\\nBarlington t5ay.......\\nState. Pge\\nN York\\nCWest\\nCWest\\nN York\\nN York\\nN York\\nCWest\\nNYork\\nNYork\\nNYork\\nCWest\\nNames of Places.\\nHamilton Citj\\nToronto City\\nCoburg _\\nEelleTille\\nKingston City\\nSt. Lawrence River....\\nBrockville\\nCornwall\\nMontreal City\\nQuebec City..-..\\nOgdensburg\\nSackett s Harbor\\nOswego City\\nRochester Cit3\\nState. Pge\\nCWest\\nCWest\\nCWest\\nCWest\\nCWest\\nCWest\\nCWest\\nC East\\nC East\\nN York\\nNYork\\nNYork\\nNYork\\n13.5\\n1.3.5\\n13S\\n137\\n137\\n137\\n133\\n138\\n1.33\\n13d\\n140\\nHO\\n140\\n140\\nEailroad Eontes.\\nPAGE.\\nFr\u00c2\u00bbm Cincinnati to Wheeling, Va 141\\nSt. Louis to Cincinnati 141\\nSt. Louis to Columbus, O\u00e2\u0080\u0094 141\\nSt. Louis to Jefferson City 141\\nChicago to Cincinnati, via Toledo\\nand Dayton ...141\\nChicago to Cincinnati, via India-\\nnapolis ..........141\\nChicago to Galena....- Mi\\nChicago to Cairo 142\\nPAOB.\\nFrom Chicago to St Louis ...142\\nChicago to Milwaukee 142\\nChicago to Rock Island and Dav-\\nenport ...142\\nChicago to Buffalo 142\\nCleveland to St Louis 142\\nBuffalo to Chicago 143\\nPittsburgto Cleveland 143\\nCincinnati to Lexington, Ky 143\\nLouisville to Indianapolis. .141\\nLIST CE E^GEAVmeS.\\nPAGE.\\nFrontispiece\\nView of St. Louis 16\\nAgricultural Scene 28\\nPortrait of Gen. Jackson 43\\nResidence of Gen. Taylor 46\\nPortrait of Gen. Taylor 47\\nMarietta College 68\\nCampus Martins 70\\nView of Cincinnati 79\\nResidence of Gen. Hamson 82\\nPortrait of Gen. Harrison 83\\nPortrait of Daniel Boone 86\\nPAGE.\\nMammoth Cave 93\\nPortrait of Commodore Perry.. 108\\nMap of Lake Erie 109\\nView of Detroit ...114\\nMap of Lake Huron 116\\nView of Mackinaw 118\\nMap of Lake Superior 20\\nMap of Lake Michigan 122\\nView of Chicago 126\\nPortrait of Red-Jacket 130\\nNiagara Falls 132\\nMap of Lake Ontario 136", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "PLACES OH TBM MISSISSIPPI.\\nTHE MISSISSIPPI RIVBR\\nThe Mississippi, or Great Eirer, is the principal stream\\nof tlie TJnitQiJ States, and, with the Missouri, its chief afflu-\\nent, the longest in the world. It derives its importance from its\\ngreat length, the vast and fertile regions which, with its tribu-\\ntaries, it drains, and the extent to which it is navigable. It\\nrolls a mighty volume of water to the ocean, and bears to its\\ndestined market a vast amount of the products of one of the\\nmost fertile regions on the globe, and returns to these regions\\nthe productions and arts of other lands, which are needed for\\nconvenience and comfort. The source of the Mississippi, as\\nascertained by Schoolcraft in 1832, is Itasca lake, in 47\u00c2\u00b0 10\\nnorth latitude, and 95\u00c2\u00b0 54 west longitude, at an elevation of\\n1,836 feet above the level of the ocean, and 3,185 miles from\\nthe gulf of Mexico. Itasca lake is a small beautiful sheet of\\nwater, lying among hills surrounded with pines. The outlet\\nof this lake is ten or twelve feet broad and fifteen inches deep.*\\nIts course is then nqrthwardly and northeasterly, and it passes\\nthrough Lakes Irving, Cass, and Travers, or Winnibigashish\\nits course is then southeasterly and easterly, until it receives\\nLeech Lake fork, the outlet of a considerable lake of the same\\nname. The average descent of the Mississippi from its source\\nto its entrance into the gulf of Mexico, is a fraction over five\\ninches per mile. The entire country about its sources, appears\\nto be considerably elevated table land, abounding in an im-\\nmense number of small lakes of pure water, and fed by springs.\\nThe first considerable falls in the river are those of Peckaga-\\nma, 690 miles above the falls of St. Anthony, where it descends\\ntwenty feet in three hundred yards. There is no perceptible\\nfall, but a rapid, which entirely obstructs navigation. The\\nriver is compressed to the width of eighty feet, and is precip-\\nitated over a rugged bed of sandstone. The surrounding view\\nWild Rice, an eastern branch of the Red river of the North, rises 15\\nmiles west of Itasca lake, and, after flowing northerly, falls into Lake\\nWinnipeg,", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "14 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVEK.\\nis wild and picturesque. An island covered with spruce and\\ncedar divides the channel nearly in the middle, at the com-\\nmencement of the fall. The next considerable falls are\\nthose of St. Anthony. The width of the Mississippi above\\nthe falls is half a mile below, it is only two hundred yards.\\nSeven miles below the falls of St. Anthony the Minnesota\\nenters from the west this is the largest tributary of the Upper\\nMississippi. About latitude 44^^, the St. Croix enters the\\nMississippi from the east fifteen miles below the entrance of\\nthe St. Croix, the Mississippi expands into a beautiful sheet\\nof Avater, called Lake Pepin, thirty miles in length. At its\\ntermination, the Chippewa enters the Mississippi after a course\\nof about two hundred miles in 42^, it enters tlfe Wisconsin\\nfrom the cast near 40^, on the west side, the Des Moines en-\\nters, 150 yards wide. A few miles above the mouth of this\\nriver, are rapids nine miles in leng-th, forming an impediment\\nto navigation when the water is low. In 39^, the Illinois en-\\nters from the east. Seventeen miles above St. Louis, the Mis-\\nsouri enters from the west, whicli is longer and discharges more\\nwater than the Mississippi, and had it been as early explored,\\nit would probably have been regarded as the parent-stream.\\nAbove the confluence of the Missouri with the Mississippi,\\nthe latter is usually clear (except at the time of high water),\\nbut below this point it becomes exceedingly turbid, and con-\\ntains about three tenths sedimentary matter.\\nIn latitude 38 the Kaskaskia enters from the east; be-\\ntAveen 37\u00c2\u00b0 and 36\u00c2\u00b0 the Belle, or beautiful Ohio, enters the\\nstream from the northeast, and is much the largest eastern\\nbranch between 35\u00c2\u00b0 and 34\u00c2\u00b0, the 8t. Erancis enters from\\nthe northwest, two hundred yards wide. White river enters\\non the same side in about 30\u00c2\u00b0. The Arkansas, from the west,\\nenters between 34\u00c2\u00b0 and 33\u00c2\u00b0, 620 miles above New Orleans,\\nand is five hundred yards wide, and su}jposed to be 2,500\\nmiles long. The Yazoo enters on the cast side between, 33\u00c2\u00b0\\nand 32\u00c2\u00b0. At 31\u00c2\u00b0, the Eed river comes in from the west.\\nHere the Mississippi carries its greatest volume of water, as\\nimmediately below this, and at intervals, it divides into sev-\\neral outlets, from an old bed of the river which communicates\\nwith both the Mississippi and Red rivers The Atchafalaya dis-\\ncharges a great amount of water into the gulf of Mexico. A\\nJittle below Baton Eouge, on the east side, the Ibberville goes\\noff, and passing through lakes Mauripas, Ponchartrain, and\\nBorgne, enters the gulf of Mexico. Between Atchafalaya and\\nNew Orleans, pass off Plaquemine and Bayou Lafourche, on", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "PLACES OX THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 15\\nthe west side, the former joining the Atchafalaya, and the lat-\\nter entering the gulf of Mexico. The average width of the\\nMississippi below Missouri river, is about one mile but the\\nlarge rivers which enter it greatly increase its depth. At the\\nhead of the delta, the depth is from 75 to 80 feet; at New\\nOrleans it is 110. At the distance of 100 miles below New\\nOrleans, by the course of the river, but 90 miles in a direct\\ncourse, this majestic river enters the gulf of Mexico by sev-\\neral mouths, the principal of which are called the Balize, or\\nnortheast pass, in 29\u00c2\u00b0 7 north latitude, and 39 10 west lon-\\ngitude. Draining a country of over 1,000,000 square miles\\nin extent, it would naturally be expected that its spring floods\\nwould be vast, and in consequence of these, it overflows its\\nbanks at that season to a great extent. From the sources to\\nthe mouth of the Missouri, the flood commences in March,\\nand doe% not subside before the last of May, at an average\\nheight of 1 5 feet. From the Missouri to the Ohio it rises 25\\nfeet, and below the Ohio, for a great distance, 45 feet. At\\nevery flood it overspreads a country chiefly on the western\\nside from 10 to 30 miles wide, 500 miles from its mouth.\\nThis river is extremely winding in its course, and sometimes\\na bend will occur of 30 miles in extent, in which the distance\\nacross the neck will not exceed 2 miles. This circumstance\\nundoubtedly impedes the current, and thus favors navigation.\\nThe mighty volume of water often carries away a large mass\\nof earth, with its trees from a projecting point, and frequently\\nendangers boats. Trees are often imbedded in the mud, pro-\\njecting their tops, producing snags and saAvyers, as they are\\ncalled, which are dangerous to navigators. The whirls or\\neddies which are produced by the tortuous course of the river,\\nand its projecting points, also render navigation, to a degree,\\ndifficult and hazardous. Before the introduction of steam\\nnavigation, it required eight or ten weeks to go from New\\nOrleans to the Illinois. The first steamboat on the western\\nwaters was built at Pittsburg, in 1811. Embankments called\\nlevees have been raised from 5 to 12 feet high, extending a\\ngreat distance above and below New Orleans. By this means\\nthe river is kept within its usual limits, except in seasons of the\\ngreatest freshets. Sometimes these embankments give way,\\noverflowing thousands of acres, causing immense loss of\\nproperty. The river for 50 miles from its mouth runs nearly\\nparallel with the gulf of Mexico, from which it is separated\\nin some places by an embankment only three quarters of a\\nmile across. There are no tides in the Mississippi.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "i ni-:!:i. :v:J[iiBiSi.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 17\\nST. LOUIS,\\nCapital of St. Louis county, and port of entry, Missouri, is\\nsituated on the west bank of the Mississippi, 17 miles below\\nthe entrance of the Missouri, 818 miles below the falls of St.\\nAnthony, and 1215 miles above New Orleans. The city is.built\\non two elevations. The lower terrace, as it may be termed,\\naffords room for several business streets, lined with rows of\\nspacious and imposing warehouses. On the upper terrace arc\\nmany public buildings and private residences. The inhabited\\npart of the city extends several miles along the river, and from\\ntwo to three miles westward. The corporate limits cover a\\nlarge extent of ground which is filling up with unexampled\\nrapidity. The public buildings comprise eveiy grade and de-\\nscription usually found in a large city, while the elegant resi-\\ndences seen in all directions testify to the wealth and enterprise\\nof its citizens. Water is raised from the river by steam to a\\nreservoir, situated on an ancient mound, whence it is distrib-\\nuted through nearly 40 miles of pipe, into all parts of the city.\\nIn a commercial aspect, St. Louis is probably unsurpassed\\nby any inland port in the world. The Mississippi river, with\\nits tributaries, the Ohio and Illinois on the east, and the Mis-\\nsouri and its affluents on the west, give it a ready access to a\\nvast extent of territory, while the Mississippi furnishes an out-\\nlet to the ocean for its accumulated productions. Immense\\nas the commerce of this city now is, who can estimate the mil-\\nlions on millions of capital that will here find employment,\\nwhen the great states and territories of the northwest and west\\nshall become densely peopled, and the grand network of rail-\\nroads centring here, shall bring the iron, lead, and coal, from\\na thousand mines, and the agricultural products from millions\\nof cultivated acres A large amount of capital is also invest-\\ned in various descriptions of manufactures.\\nThe literary, educational, and benevolent institutions of this\\ncity are founded on a scale commensurate with the importance\\nof this great centre of the western valley.\\nThis town was founded in 1764, by the Erench from Cana-\\nda, as a trading post with the Indians, but during the French\\nand Spanish possession of it, it remained an inconsiderable\\nvillage. In 1768, it was taken possession of by a company\\nNote. We commence our description of the cities and towns on the\\nMississippi at St. Louis, for the reason that this point is the grreat commer-\\ncial centre of the Mississippi valley. We have therefore divided the map\\nof the river into three sections 1st. From St. Louis to the Fails of St. An-\\nthony. 2d. From New Orleans to St. Louis. Sd. From New Orleans to the\\nGulf of Mexico.\\n2", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "IS PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVEK.\\nof Spanish troops, and was held by Spain until its transfer\\nby purchase to the United States, in 1804. The town in-\\ncreased slowly for a number of years, as in 1812 only one\\nbrick house had been erected, and in 1817 the first steamboat\\nascended to this place. Eour railroads already in operation,\\nand three others projected, radiate from this point.\\nPopulation: 1810,1,600; 1820,4,598; 1830,6,694; 1840,\\n16,469; 1850,77,860; 1856, about 160,000.\\nVenice, Madison co.. 111., 6 miles above St. Louis, a grow-\\ning post village. Pop. about 400.\\nBremen, St. Louis co.. Mo., a small village neaiiy oppo-\\nsite Venice. Pop. about 500.\\nMadison, Madison co.. Ill,, 8 miles above; a good land-\\ning-place. Pop. small.\\nChippe wa, in the same co., 1 mile above a small thriving\\nvillage.\\nColumbia, St. Louis co., Mo., 1 mile above a small set-\\ntlement.\\nMissouri River, Mo., 1 mile above.* See description\\npage.\\nALTON CITIT,\\nMadison co., 111., 3 miles above, situated on the east bank of\\nthe Mississippi, stands among the first in commercial advan-\\ntages on the river. It has the best landing for steamboats on\\nthe east side of the Mississippi. A flat rock, level with the\\nsurface of the ground, forms an excellent natural wharf.\\nBituminousi, coal, limestone, freestone, and water lime, exist\\nin great abundance near the city. This is the terminus of the\\nTerre Haute and Alton, the Chicago and Mississippi, and the\\nAlton and Jacksonville railroads. Since the state penitentiary\\nwas located here, in 1833, the town has increased greatly in\\npopulation and wealth. It has a number of beautiful wide\\nstreets, five handsome public squares, and a large space along\\nthe margin of the river reserved for the purpose of a public\\nlanding, promenade, and military parades. It contains a\\nwell-regulated lyceum, theological seminary, c. It has a\\nlarge inland and river trade. Several elegant public buildings\\nadorn the city, and a spirit of enterprise is everywhere mani-\\nfest. Considerable steamboat capital is employed here. Pop.\\n1840, 2,340; 1850, 3,585; 1856, about 6,500.\\nAt or near the mouths of all the large tributaries of the Mississippi\\nabove the Ohio, are larfje Indian mounds, or conical truncated earthworks,\\nto;jether with elongated embankments of various dimensions, isolated in\\npo-iition, yet similar in form; indicating- that a dense papulation ^as once\\ndrawn to these points by the advantages presented for fishing.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KIVEK. 19\\nTIPPER Alton one and a half miles northeast from Alton city, a pleasant\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2iV ff ^iTn \u00c2\u00abTfl,i on an plevated t)lain, where is located the Shurtleff College,\\nfoSed n Sf, unlertl d irecTon of the Baptists volumes in the library.\\n3,000. Population, 1850, 1,309.\\nRandolpli, Jersey co., 111., 12 miles above; a small settle-\\nment. Pop. about 150,\\nPortage de Sioux, St. Charles co., 10 miles above once\\na celebrated Indian crossing-place now a thriving village.\\nPop. about 250. -n\\nGrafton, Jersey co., 111., 7 miles above a growmg village.\\nPop., 222.\\nILLINOIS RIVER, ILL.,\\nOne mile above, a large tributary of the Mississippi, is formed\\nbv the union of Kankakee and Des Plames, which unite at\\nDresden, Gnindy co., 111. Tlie Des Plaines rises m Kenosha\\nCO Wis., running 130 miles south and southwest through a\\nrich ao-ricultural district, until it unites with the Kankakee.\\nThe Kankakee rises in St. Joseph s co., la., running south-\\nwesterly to Kankakee co., Ill, where it receives the Iroquois\\n84 miles in length; from this point its course is northwest\\nuntil it unites .sdth the Des Plaines. At Ottawa, m -Lasalle\\nco.,-it receives the Pox river, of 180 miles m length, which\\nrises in the southern part of Wisconsin. Prom this point, it\\ntakes a southwesterly course, and after receivmg several trib-\\nutaries, enters the Mississippi, 50 miles above St. Louis.\\nThe entire course of this river is through an exceedingly fer-\\ntile reo-ion, capable of sustaining a dense population. _ Ah-eady\\nnumerous towns and villages are springing up along its banks,\\nand real estate is rapidly advancing in value. _ Its length, i^-\\ncludinff its branches, is about 450 miles, and it is navigable tor\\nsteamboats to Ottawa, at the mouth of the Pox river, a dis-\\ntance of 290 miles. -n\\nMilan, Calhoun co., 111., 6 miles above. Prom its un-\\nfavorable position, being in the great bend of the river, it\\ndoes not flourish yet a good degree of enterprise is manifest.\\nPop. about 175. ,r .i i.\\nBailey s Landing, Lincoln co.. Mo., 8 miles above a\\nsmall but rapidly improving settlement situation hue, and\\ncape^au Grey, in the same co., 2 miles above; a smaU\\nvillae:e. Pop. about 200.\\nGilead, Calhoun co.. 111., 8 miles above, situated on low\\nground, or a large slough; was formerly the county-seat.\\nPop. about 700.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "20 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIYEE.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Withington Landing, Lincoln co.. Mo., nearly oj^posite\\nGilead a small, prosperous settlement.\\nHamburg, Calhoun co., 111., 9 miles above a flourisliing\\npost village has a good trade with the interior, a good\\nsteamboat-landing, and a brisk river ti ade. Pop., 1850, 374;\\n1856, about 700.\\nClarksville, Pike co.. Mo., 14 miles above; has a good\\nsteamboat-landing, and is pleasantly situated. Pop 7, 1853,\\n349.\\nIJiOinsiana City, in the same co., 12 miles above; pleas-\\nantly situated has a brisk river and inland trade, which is\\nrapidly increasing. It contains several churches, and two\\nweekly papers. Pop., 1850, 912; 1856, about 1,500.\\nSalt River, Mo., 2 miles above, rises in Schuyler co.,\\nMo., within a short distance of the Missouri line, and flowing\\nsoutheast, enters the Missouri 111 miles above St. Louis, and\\n714 miles below St. Anthony s falls. Near its mouth, are\\nnumerous excellent mill-sites.\\nSaverton, Kails co., Mo., 18 miles above; a pleasant,\\nthriving village; has a good steamboat-landing. Pop., about\\n350.\\nHannibal City, Marion co., Mo., 8 ms. above a handsome,\\nflourishing town, well situated for an extensive trade. The\\nadjacent counties produce a large amount of hemp, tobacco,\\nflour, pork, and lard, which is shipped from this point. Lime-\\nstone and coal exist in the vicinity. A railroad has been\\nprojected from this place to St. Joseph s on the Missouri river,\\n235 miles in length. Pop., 1850, 2,557; present pop. about\\n4,590.\\nBoonville, Adams co., 111., 8 miles below; a small steam-\\nboat-landing, just below the head of the Snycaptee slough.\\nPop. about 150.\\nMarion City, Marion co., Mo., a post village, 4 miles\\nabove pleasantly situated on a beautiful plain, which ex-\\ntends back to the high bluffs. It has a good steamboat-land-\\ning, from which large shipments of agricultural products are\\nsent down the river. The town was laid out several years\\nsince, but owing to its being liable to be overflowed during\\nhigh water, it still remains Avith only a few scattered dwel-\\nlings.\\nAshton, Adams co.. III., nearly opposite Marion city; a\\nsmall, unimportant village.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 21\\nQUINCY CITT,\\nCapital of Adams co., 111., 7 miles above, situated mostly on\\na high bluff that rises abruptly from the river, and from which\\na magnificent view is had of the surrounding country. The\\nsplendid rolling prairies back from this point, are among the\\nrichest agricultural districts in the world. Immense quan-\\ntities of produce are shipped from this port. The pork-pack-\\ning business is here carried on to a great extent. Quincy\\ncontains 25 churches, several banks, planing mills, academies,\\nlumber-yards, fiouring-mills, foundries, and 1 cotton factory,\\nbesides various other manufacturing establishments. Several\\nwell-conducted ncAvspapers are published here. A handsome\\ncourthouse stands in a fine public square. Tliis is considered\\none of the most desirable residences in all the west. The\\nQuincy and Chicago, and Springfield and Quincy railroads\\nterminate here. Pop., 1850, 6,902; 1856, about 12,500.\\nNorth Fabius River, Mo., rises in the south part of la.,\\nentering Missouri in Schuyler co., and, after a southeast\\ncourse of 92 miles, enters the Mississippi opposite Quincy.\\nWyaconda River, Mo., 10 miles above, rises in the\\nsouth part of Iowa, flows southwesterly 80 miles, and enters\\nthe Mississippi just above Lagrange.\\nLagrange, Lewis co., Mo., just above the mouth of the\\nWyaconda river a thriving post village has a good steam-\\nboat-landing, and an increasing river and inland trade. Pop.\\nabout 800.\\nTully, in the same co., 5 miles above a thriving village,\\nlaid out in 1832; favorably situated in a rich agricultural dis-\\ntrict. The exports of pork and lard, and different kinds of\\ngrain, from this river port, are very considerable. Pop., 1850,\\n309; 1856, about 750.\\nWarsaw, Hancock co., HI., 16 miles above; a flourish-\\ning river port, situated at the foot of the lower rapids, on high\\nground, commanding a beautiful view of the river. It has a\\nlarge import and export river trade. Several plank roads\\ncentre here, and it is the terminus of the projected Lafayette\\nand Warsaw railroad. Pop. about 4,500.\\nFox River, Mo., rises in Appanoose co., lo., and taking\\na southeasterly course of 95 miles, enters the Mississippi in\\nClark CO., nearly opposite Warsaw.\\nAlexandria, in Clark co., on the north side of Fox river,\\nnear its entrance into the Mississippi; situated ou low", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "V\\n22 _ PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KITEE.\\nground, which is partially overflowed during high floods.\\nPop. small.\\nCiiurchville, in the same co., well situated, a short dis-\\ntance from the mouth of the Des Moines river considerable\\ncapital is here employed in river craft. Pop. about 350.\\nDes Moines River, Mo. and lo., 2 miles above Fox\\nriver, has its source in a number of small lakes, in Blue\\nEarth co., Minnesota territory. It enters Iowa on the divi-\\nding lino between Dickinson and Emmet cos. from this\\npoint it has a southeasterly direction, until it enters the Mis-\\nsissippi 4 miles below Keokuk. It is the dividing line be-\\ntween Iowa and Missouri for 23 miles above its mouth. Its\\nlength is 470 miles, and it is navigable 185 miles to Fort Des\\nMoines, in Polk co., the capital of Iowa. It flows through\\nthe centre of the state, and the richest land in the world (the\\ndelta of the Nile perhaps excepted) is found along its banks.\\nThe river afl:ords abundant water-power along its whole course.\\nKeokuk, semi-capital of Lee co., lo., 4 miles above; a\\nflourishing town on the right, at the southeastern point of\\nIowa, at the foot of the second rapids. The main body of the\\ntown is regularly laid out upon a bluff, a little back from the\\nriver. It stands upon an inexhaustible quarry of limestone-\\nrock, which affords ample materials for building. It contains\\nthe medical department of the state university, which is well\\nendowed, several academies and churches, a hospital, and a\\nnumber of select and common schools. A portion of the im-\\nmense water-power, at this point, is used in various manufac-\\ntures, flouring mills, foundries, c. The river flows over a\\nrocky bed of limestone, called the rapids, 12 miles in length,\\nfalling in that distance 24| feet, and only in time of high\\nwater can these be passed by the large class of steamboats\\nconsequently numbers of large packets ply daily between this\\nand St. Louis, while above, the smaller boats are necessarily\\nused. A railroad is projected from this place to Dubuque,\\n256 miles, and when completed will add greatly to the impor-\\ntance of this place. This is the great shipping port for a\\nlarge portion of the produce of the southeast section of the\\nstate. Pop., 1850, 2,478; 1856, about 6,500.\\nHancock, or Hamilton City, Hancock co., 111., nearly\\nopposite Keokuk a small growing settlement, well situated.\\nMontabello, in the same co., 4 miles above, has been re-\\ncently settled by an enterprising population. It is a healthy\\nlocation.\\nNashville, Lee co., lo., 3 miles above; pleasantly situa-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI HIVES. 23\\nted on the west bank of the river has a good steamboat-\\nlanding. Pop. about 250.\\nMontrose, in tlie same co., 6 miles above situated at the\\nhead of the lower rapids. These rapids, as befoi e men-\\ntioned, obstruct navigation at low water, and many of the in-\\nliabitants of this village are employed in lightening steamboats\\n(that is taking out part of the cargo into flat-bottomed boats)\\nover the rapids. From this point to the mouth of the Des\\nMoines, numerous Indian mounds of almost every shape and\\nsize exist. Pop., 1850, 484 1856, about 1,000.\\nHauvGO City, Hancock co.. 111., nearly opposite Montrose,\\nsituated on the east side of the river, on an elevated plain of\\ngreat extent and beauty. The river is here two miles wide,\\nand along its banks for a great distance there is one of the\\nmost convenient and extensive steamboat-landings on the river.\\nIn consequence of a beautiful curve in the river, it bounds\\nthe town on the northwest, west, and southwest. This site\\nwas selected by the Mormons, in 1840, as their great central\\npoint, around which the faithful were to congregate for the\\npropagation of the faith of the Latter-Day Saints. A\\nsplendid temple was here erected of polished limestone, the\\ndimensions of which were 132 feet long by 88 feet wide, pre-\\nsenting a fine appearance from the river, as the ground on\\nwhich the city is built rises gradually from the Avatcr s edge,\\noverlooking the surrounding country. In 1848, this temple\\nwas destroyed by fire, and the Mormons were expelled from\\nthe state since which the city has rapidly decayed. The site\\nof the temple, and adjacent grounds, have been purchased\\nby a company of French socialists, who are making essential\\nimprovements in and around the city. Pop., 1848, about\\n16,000; 1850, 1,130.\\nFort Madison, capital of Lee co., lo, 11 miles above; a\\nflourishing town, on elevated ground, commanding a fine\\nview of the river and surrounding country. The situation of\\nthe town is one of surpassing beauty, being on ground gradu-\\nally rising from the river. It contains the stateprison, and\\nelegant county buildings. For ten years past, it has made\\nrapid progress in wealth and population. A fortification\\nwas built here in 1808, as a defence against the Indians,\\nwho obliged the garrison to abandon it. The fort was burnt\\nI in 1813. The exports of lumber, pork, and all kinds of\\n-S;. grain, are large. Several manufactories are in successful\\noperation. Pop., 1850, 1,509; 1856, 4,000.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "24 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KIYER.\\nAppanoose, Hancock co., 111., nearly opposite Port\\nMadison a small village recently settled.\\nPontoosuc, in the same co., 4 miles above a highly\\nprosperous village the surrounding country is rapidly im-\\nproving. Pop. about 650.\\nSkunk River, lo., rises in Webster county, Iowa, and,\\nafter a southeast coui-se of 280 miles, enters the Mississippi,\\non the dividing line between Des Moines and Leo counties,\\nnearly opposite Pontoosuc. It flows through a fertile farm-\\ning country, has many rapids affording immense water-power,\\nand abounds with fish.\\nBurlington City, capital of Des Moines co., lo., 24 miles\\nabove, and 245 above St. Louis, and 566 miles below St.\\nPaul. It is surrounded with hills, to which the ground\\nrises by a gentle acclivity, affording many commanding situ-\\nations on the high grounds. It is regularly laid out, and has\\nmany fine public buildings and private residences, built of\\nbrick or stone. The seat of government was removed from\\nthis town in 1840. Pop., 1850, 2,060 1856, about 8,000.\\nOquaka, capital of Henderson co., 111., 16 miles above;\\na pleasant, flourishing village, situated on the banks of the\\nriver. Being the landing-place for the county, it has an active\\ngrowing trade, and large quantities of produce are shipped\\nfrom this port. It has the usual county buildings, and is the\\nterminus of the Peoria and Oquaka railroad. Pop., 1850,\\n577; 1856, about 1,400.\\nBInffdale Landing, Des Moines co., lo., 2 miles above\\na small thriving settlement. Pop. about 200.\\nBenton Landing, Henderson co., lo., 2 miles above.\\nThe thriving village of Benton is situated 2 miles from the\\nriver, and promises to become a place of considerable impor-\\ntance.\\nHuron, Des Moines co., lo., 4 miles above a small vil-\\nlage; has an excellent landing. Pop. about 150.\\nKeitsburg, capital of Mercer co.. 111., 9 miles above a\\ngrowing village, and has a flourishing trade with the back\\ncountry. Pop. about 450.\\nlo^wa River, 7 miles above a large river, rising in the\\nnorth part of Iowa, and, taking a southeast course, after re-\\nceiving many tributaries, enters the Mississippi by two\\nmouths i The mouth of the main branch is nearly opposite\\nNew Boston and the other, Iowa Slough, 5 miles below.\\nIt is about 330 miles long, and is na\\\\4gable for 90 miles to\\nIowa city. Along its banks are found some of the most fer-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI EIVER. 25\\ntile lands in the Union, and numerous villages are springing\\nup on both sides for 150 miles from its mouth. Its waters\\nare clear and pure, and hundreds of excellent mill-seats exist\\nalong its course.\\nIowa City, capital of Johnson co., and former capital of the etate, 90\\nmiles up the Iowa river. The site of this city comprises several plateaux\\nor terraces of great beauty, and is laid out upon a grand scale. The re-\\nmoval of the etate capital to Fort Des Moines may temporarily affect its\\nrapid increase yet, standing at the head of navigation (light steamboats\\nreach this point at all stages of water), and in the midst of a rich agricul-\\ntural region, it is destined to become an important inland city. Pop., 1850,\\n2,260; 1856, about 6,000.\\nFort Des Moines, capital of Polk co., and capital of the state, is pleas-\\nantly situated at the junction of the Des Moines and Raccoon rivers, 125\\nmiles west of lowacitj Previous to the recent removal of the state capital\\nhither from Iowa city, it was a flourishing village, and is now rapidly in-\\ncreasing in population and wealth. Considerable expense has been in-\\ncurred to make the river to this point navigable during high water. The\\nMissouri and Mississippi railroad, connectiiig Council Bluffs with the Mis-\\nsissippi at Davenport, is expected to pass through this place.\\nNew Boston, Mercer co., 111., nearly opposite the mouth\\nof the Iowa river. This prosperous village enjoys a large in-\\nland trade. The amount of produce shipped from this point\\nis very large it has an excellent landing. Pop., 1850, 229\\nISSej^about 750.\\nPort Louisa, Louisa co., 7 miles above recently settled,\\nbut promises to become a town of considerable importance.\\nPop. about 300.\\nMUSCATINE CITY,\\nFormerly Bloomington, and capital of Muscatine co., lo., 13\\nmiles above, and 308 miles above St. Louis, is delightfully\\nsituated on the north bank, at a bend or arm of the river,\\nbeing sun ounded by hills, to which the ground rises by a\\ngentle acclivity, affording many commanding situations on\\nthe high grounds. It is regularly laid out, with fine wide\\nstreets, well built up with public buildings and private resi-\\ndences, some of which are very elegant. It has advantages\\nwhich indicate that it will continue to grow in extent and\\nimportance. Its prosperity is increased by the certainty of\\na connection with the large towns up and down the river,\\nand also with Chicago, by means of railroads already pro-\\njected. It is a large shipping port for the immense amount\\nof produce raised in the adjoining counties. It was incorpo-\\nrated as a city in 1853. Pop., 1850, 2,540; 1856, 7,000.\\nDrury, Rock Island co., 111., 3 miles above a small settle-\\nment and landing-place.\\nFairport, Muscatine co., lo., 7 miles above; an enter-\\nprising, growing village. Pop. about 250.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "26 PLACES OX THE MISSISSIPPI KIVEK.\\nIllinois City, Eock Island co., 111. a small flourishing\\nvillage, nearly opposite Eairport. Pop. about 150.\\nAndalusia, Eock Island co., 111., 14 miles above; well\\nsituated for trade, having a good landing. Pop. about 200.\\nBuffalo, Scott CO., lo., nearly opposite Andalusia a small\\nsettlement, which, from its favorable situation, promises to\\nbe an important river port. Pop. about 150.\\nRock River, 111. and Wis., 5 miles above, rises in Fond\\ndu Lac CO., Wisconsin, near Lake Winnebago, and, flowing\\nsouthwesterly, enters the state of Illinois at Beliot, whence it\\ncontinues through the richest portions of the West, until it\\nenters the Mississippi, 6 miles below Eock Island city.\\nLength of the river, about 325 miles navigable for small\\nsteamboats to Jefferson co., Wisconsin, 233 miles. The\\nriver passes by the large to-wns of Janesville, Beloit, Eock-\\nford, and Dixon, besides several of smaller note.\\nRockingham, Scott co., lo., 2 miles above a small enter-\\nprising village. Pop. about 200.\\nROCK ISLAND CITIT,\\nCapital of Eock Island co., 4 miles above, nearly opposite\\nDavenport. This important and flourishing place has been\\nlaid out on an extensive scale, 6 miles above the junction of\\nEock river with the Mississippi. It is largely engaged in\\nmanufactures, and has an extensive river and inland trade.\\nThe public and many of the private buildings are creditable\\nto the town. The splendid railroad bridge, across the Missis-\\nsippi, connecting this city with Davenport, is a magnificent\\nwork, worthy of the West. The river at this point is divided\\nby Eock Island. The principal channel is west of the island.\\nThe entire length of the bridge is 5,830 feet, consisting of six\\nspans of 250 feet each. The draw-pier, which stands in the\\nmiddle of the main channel, is 40 feet in height, 45 feet in\\ndiameter at its base, and 37 feet at the top. On each side of\\nthis pier is a draw of 120 feet, working on the rotary princi-\\nple, which will be ample space for the passage of steamboats.\\nThese draws are to be kept open, except when a train is due\\nand extraordinary precautions are taken to prevent accidents.\\nBoats in sight, on the approach of a train, have the preference.\\nThe height of the bridge is 30 feet above low water. The\\ncost of the work was $250,000. The railroads already built,\\nand others that will yet be made, centring here, will make\\nthis city and Davenport great central points for a large dis-\\ntrict of the surrounding country. Po., 1850, 1711; 1856,\\nabout 5,500.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 27\\nRock Island, a large island, about 3 miles long, and an\\naverage width of I5 miles; the southern extremity is nearly-\\nopposite Rock Island city. It presents a perpendicular front\\nof limestone of 2.5 feet above high- water mark, presenting a\\nbold, picturesque appearance. On this point stands Eort\\nArmstrong.\\nRock Island Rapids extend up the river from Eock\\nIsland city, about 15 miles, with a descent in that distance of\\n21 feet. In various places ledges of rocks extend nearly\\nacross the river. Government has made appropriations to\\nimprove the river at this and other points.\\nDAVENPORT CITY\\nCapital of Scott co., lo., opposite Rock Island city, is delight-\\nfully situated on the west bank of the river, on ground gradu-\\nally rising from the shore, presenting a fine appearance. In\\nthe rear of the town high bluiFs obstruct the view. This\\nplace is noted for the splendid scenery that surrounds it.\\nHere is an immense water-power; but coal is so easily\\nmined, that it is chiefly used for manufacturing purposes.\\nThe great system of railroads centring here (see Rock Island\\ncity) must soon rank this among the great cities of the west.\\nIt is now a large shipping port for several counties of the\\nstate. Pop., 1850, 1,838; 1856, 10,000.\\nMoline, Rock Island co., 111., 3 miles above Rock Island,\\nislargely engaged in milling and manufacturing, the rapids\\nof the river affording immense water-power. Pop. about 200.\\nHampton, Rock Island co., 111., 8 miles above eligibly\\nsituated, has a good landing, and is a prosperous village.\\nPop. 150.\\nBerlin, Le Clare, and Parkliurst, Scott co., lo., lying\\nnear each other, about 6 miles above, are small thriving\\nsettlements. Le Clare is at the head of the upper rapids.\\nPort Byron, Rock Island co.. 111., 1 mile above Park-\\nhurst well situated for business. Pop. about 200.\\nPrinceton, Scott co., lo., 3 miles above a recent settle-\\nment. Pop. about 150.\\nCordova, Rock Island co., 111., 3 miles above a small,\\ngrowing post village of considerable promise. Pop. about 200.\\nWapsipinicon River, lo., 5 miles above, rises in Mit-\\nchell CO., near the boundary of Minnesota, and, after a south-\\neast course of 230 miles, enters the Mississippi as the dividing\\nline between Clinton and Scott counties. The numerous\\nrapids are a bar to navigation, but furnish fine water-power.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "p\\n1\\nft\\nHplBnHi\\nH\\n1\\ni\\n^^3\\nii# I ll\\nMl,\\n1\\nHi f\\nif i\\nij] 1 ij ij\\n1\\nr i ^H\\n1 m\\\\ MlKHi\\nm\\n1\\ni\\niLLiE-;ii i ;iM\\n1\\n1 II i l |i r M^\\\\M^MI\\\\J^^^S^B\u00c2\u00a7k pW aiBMI\\nl 1 Ml^^SIU\u00c2\u00ab^Hk V ^IHI\\nil^Ki\\nIB\\n1 ll^^^^/II^^PB^^fflOlHi\\niiflf |il|Mii\\nI\\n1\\n1", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI EIVEK. 29\\nCamanche, Clinton co., lo., 5 miles above a thriving set-\\ntlement is the greatest shipping port of the county. Pop.\\nabout 350.\\nAlbany, Whiteside co., III., 3 miles above a large flour-\\nishing post village, beautifully situated; has an extensive\\nriver trade. Pop. about 850.\\nNe w York., Clinton co., lo., 5 miles above a small set-\\ntlement. Pop. about 150.\\nLyons, in the same co., 5 miles above, nearly opposite\\nFulton city a thriving town has a good harbor, from which\\na large amount of produce is shipped. A railroad is project-\\ned from this point to Burlington, Port Des Moines, and the\\nMissouri river, and another to Dixon and Chicago. A few\\nyears hence a large town will here be built up. Pop., 1850,\\n453; 1856, 800.\\nFulton City, Whiteside co., III., nearly opposite Lyons.\\nThis enterprising young town has all the advantages pertain-\\ning to Lyons. Beiiig on the great railroad route, it must\\ncontinue to advance in wealth and population. It has a good\\nlanding, and is the shipping port of a large district of country.\\nPop. about 700.\\nBluffville, Carroll co., 111., 8 mile^ above; a pleasant\\nlittle village, the growth of a few years; has a convenient\\nlanding. Pop. about 200.\\nSabiila, Jackson co., lo., 6 miles above a small, growing\\nvillage has a convenient landing, from which is shipped con-\\nsiderable produce, raised in the county, and the northern part\\nof Clinton co. Pop. about 175.\\nSavannaii, Carroll co., III., 2 miles above. This flourish-\\ning river port is pleasantly situated on the east side of the\\nriver has an excellent landmg, from which large quantitgps\\nof produce are shipped down the river. It is the terminus of\\nthe St. Charles and Mississippi railroad. The town is well\\nlaid out, and contains several fine public buildings and private\\nresidences. Pop., 1850, 658; 1856, about 1,100.\\nPortsmouth, in the same co., 7 miles above; a small,\\npleasant village, well situated, at the junction of Apple river\\nwith the Mississippi. Pop. about 200.\\nMakoqueta River, lo., 5 miles above, rises in Fayette\\nCO., Iowa, and, after passing through Delaware, Jones, and\\nJackson counties, enters the Mississippi, 5 miles above Ports-\\nmouth. There are several rapids, affording valuable water-\\npower.\\nBellevue, capital of Jackson co., lo., 9 miles above. This", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "30 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI EITER.\\nflourishing village is delightfully situated at the extremity of\\na beautiful plain, on a bluiF 35 feet above the river, ovei look-\\ning the same for many miles. It has a superior landing. Its\\nfavorable position is appreciated by the inhabitants, who are\\nmaking such improvements as will render it desirable both as\\na place of business and residence. From this port is shipped\\nmuch of the products of the adjacent towns. Pop., 1850, 362\\n1856, about 700.\\nFever or Bean River, 111., 6 miles above; a small\\nriA^er or arm of the Mississippi, rises in Lafayette co.. Wis.,\\nnear Elk Grove, and, passing into Jo-Davicss county. III.,\\nenters the Mississippi, 6 miles below Galena. It is a sluggish\\nstream, rising and falling with the Mississippi as far as Galena,\\nto which point it is navigable for the largest boats. Above\\nthis point it dwindles into a small stream, not navigable for\\nany craft.\\nGALSNA CITY,\\nCapital of Jo-Daviess co., 436 miles above St. Louis, and\\n1651 above New Orleans, is advantageously situated on botli\\nsides of Fever river, 6 miles above its entrance into the Mis-\\nsissippi. The city is mostly built on the west side of the\\nriver, and its site, except for a few rods along the river, is a\\nsteep acclivity, the streets rising terrace-like, one above the\\nother, presenting a fine appearance from the river. At tlie\\nback of these terraces, 1,000 feet from the river, the surface of\\nthe land is a slight rolling prairie, until it reaches the Missis-\\nsippi. On the east side of the river, the ground rises more\\ngradually for 1^ miles, where the rolling prairie commences,\\nextending many miles. Three substantial bridges are thrown\\natross the river at this point. Galena and Dubuque form the\\ncentre of the great lead region of the West, which occupies\\nthe northwestern portion of Illinois and southwestern corner\\nof Wisconsin, and a strip of a few miles in width on the\\nopposite side of the Mississippi, in Iowa, equal to a surface\\nof 3,200 square miles. In passing over the country from\\nGalena to Wisconsin river, the most remarkable feature\\nnoticed is the immense lead diggings that everywhere\\nmeet the eye many of these excavations are of great depth,\\nrendering night-travelling dangerous in some sections.\\nCattle and horses frequently perish by falling into them.\\nThe town presents a very metallic appearance, inasmuch\\nas its levee, for some distance, is lined with pigs of lead\\nawaiting shipment. It is estimated that the lead mines in", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KITER. 31\\nthis vicinity are capable of producing 150,000,000 pounds\\nannually for ages to come. Its trade with the surrounding\\ncountry, embracing a district from thirty to a hundred\\nmiles, is very great, and is constantly increasing. It furnishes\\nan immense amount of goods for the Upper Mississippi, em-\\nbracing Minnesota, western Wisconsin, and northeastern\\nIowa. Since the completion of the Galena and Chicago rail-\\nroad, the business of and travel throiigh this point have great-\\nly increased. The great chain of railroads projected will soon\\nconnect it with the large towns on the Lower and Upper Mis-\\nsissippi, and the new villages at every point of the compass.\\nMuch wealth is centred here, which is being liberally expend-\\ned in the erection of churches, institutions of learning, private\\nresidences, and public improvements. Pop., 1850, 6,004;\\n1856, about 12,000.\\nTete de Marie, Dubuque co., lo., 1 mile above Eever riv-\\ner a settlement of a few houses.\\nDUBUQUE CITIT,\\nCapital of Dubuque co., lo., 18 miles above Fever river;\\npleasantly situated on the west bank of the Mississippi, 376\\nmiles below the falls of St. Anthony, kit is built on a table\\narea, or terrace, which extends along the river for several\\nmiles, teiTninating on the west by a range of high cliffs. It\\nis regularly laid out, the streets running parallel with each\\nother. The town is more compactly built, contains a greater\\nproportion of elegant buildings, and a larger population, than\\nany other town in the state. This 4;own, with Galena, is\\nlocated in the midst of the great lead region, and owes its\\ngreat prosperity to the vast amount of capital invested in\\nmining and smelting. It has a large trade with the Upper\\nMississippi. The rapid settlements of the adjacent counties,\\ntogether with the several railroads centring here, will soon\\nmake this one of the great cities of the West. It takes its\\nname from M. Dubuque, a Fi-enchman, who obtained a com-\\nmission from the Spanish government for mining lead. His\\ntomb is on the summit of a bluff, 200 feet high, on the banks\\nof the river, just below the town. Pop. about 12,500.\\nDuuleith, Jo-Daviess co., 111., opposite Dubuque; a\\nthriving village of recent origin. The Southern Wisconsin\\nrailroad, connecting this point with Milwaukie, terminates here.\\nPern, Dubuque co., lo., 8 miles above; a small village,\\npleasantly situated on the south side of Little Makoqueta\\nriver, at its junction with the Mississippi. Pop. about 300.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "32 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI EIVER.\\nBinipee, Grant co., Wis., 3 miles above; a small settle-\\nment just below the mouth of Platte river; has a convenient\\nlanding.\\nOsceola, in the same co., 4 miles above well situated\\nfor trade, the land in the vicinity being immensely fertile.\\nPotosi Landing, in the same co., 3 miles above, at the\\nmouth of Grant river. The principal village is If miles from\\nthe landing.\\nThe town owes most of its importance to its being in the midst of the\\nlead lesrion, large quantities of which are shipped from this place, to which\\nsteamboats ascend during high water. It is incorporated. Pop. 4,5(10.\\nBuena Vista, Clayton co., lo., 6 miles above a prosper-\\nous settlement. Pop. about 250.\\nFrankfoid, in the same co., 3 miles above; a settlement\\nnear the junction of Turkey river with the Mississippi.\\nTurkey River, lo. The north fork rises in Howard co.,\\nand, after a southeast course of 105 miles, unites with the\\nsouth fork in Clayton co., 25 niiles from its mouth, and enters\\nthe Mississippi nearly opposite Cassville, Wisconsin whole\\nlength, 130 miles. It is not navigable, but has numerous\\nexcellent mill-sites.\\nCassville, Grant co.. Wis., 12 miles above Frankford a\\nhandsome, flourishing village, well laid out; has a brisk river\\ntrade; exports considerable lead, which is mined in the\\nvicinity. Pop. about 400.\\nGuttenbiirg, Clayton co., lo., 11 miles above; a thriving\\npost village. A large population of enterprising Germans\\nis located in this vicinity. It has a good landing for steam-\\nboats lead mines are worked in this and neighboring towns\\nto advantage. Pop. about 300.\\nMendota, Grant co.. Wis., 7 miles above; a growing\\nvillage, settled by an industrious and energetic class of\\npeople. It is well situated for trade. Pop. about 350.\\nClayton City, Clayton co., lo., 8 miles above; is well\\nsituated has a good landing for steamboats great quantities\\nof produce are shipped from this river port. Rich lead mines\\nexist in the vicinity. Pop. about 400.\\nKilroy, Clayton co., lo., 2 miles above a small thriving\\nvillage has a good steamboat-landing. Pop. about 200.\\nCincinnati, Grant co.. Wis., nearly opposite Kilroy; a\\nsmall village, well situated for trade.\\nWISCONSIN RIVER,\\nNine miles above a large river of Wisconsin. It has its rise\\nin a small lake, Vieux Desert, on the boundary between", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI EIVER. 33\\nMichigan and Wisconsin, in Marathon county. Its course is\\nnearly south, until it reaches Portage city, Columbia county\\nfrom this point it takes a southAvest course, and falls into the\\nMississippi, 4 miles below Prairie du Chien. The river is\\n560 yards wide at its mouth, and its entire length about 520\\nmiles. It is navigable for small steamboats to Portage city,\\n212 miles. Numerous thriving villages are rising along its\\nbanks. Large quantities of lumber and produce are annually\\nsent down the river.\\nMcGregor s Landing, Clayton co., lo., 2 miles above\\na small smlement, is the landing-place for Farmersburg.\\nThe situation is good, being the shipping port for the north-\\nwest section of the county. Pop. about 200.\\nFort Crawford, Crawford co., Wis., 1 mile above, and\\n1 mile below Prairie du Chien is one of the most delightful\\nsites in the west. It is situated on a ridge or bluff half a mile\\nfrom the shore, and has an uninterrupted view of the river far\\nto the south, with a level plain in front, extending down the\\nriver for 8 miles. The view of this extended plain, with the\\npicturesque bluffs in the distance, is one of surpassing beauty\\nand grandeur.\\nPrairie du Chien, capital of Crawford co., Wis., 1 mile\\nabove, and 529 miles from St. Louis, and 296 miles below\\nthe falls of St. Anthony is pleasantly situated on the northern\\nedge of an extensive prairie, overlooking the river for several\\nmiles. It contains neat county buildings, several churches,\\nand elegant private residences. It enjoys an extensive inland\\nand river trade. Numerous Indian mounds, of all shapes,\\nare found in the vicinity. Copper mines exist in various sec-\\ntions of the county. Pop. about 5,500.\\nBrookville, northeasit corner of Clayton co., lo., nearly\\nopposite Prairie du Chien, is a small, growing village.\\nPaintedRock, Alamakee co., lo., 12 miles above is cele-\\nbrated as connected with the Indian sacrifices and offerings to\\nthe Great Spirit. It can be seen from the river.\\nLynxviUe, Crawford co., Wis., 12 miles above a small\\nlanding-place. Pop. about 100.\\nWexford, Alamakee co., lo., 3 miles above; is located\\nupon a pleasant slope, rising from the river, and will in a\\nfew years become an important river-port.\\nColumbus, in the same co., 12 miles above recently set-\\ntled has a good landing,\\nLansing, in the same co., 3 miles above. This enter-\\nprising village is the shipping ]i0rt of the northern part of the\\n3", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "34 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI EIVEK.\\ncounty. There is an excellent road, 30 miles in length, to\\nDecorah, the capital of Winneshiek co., pn which there is a\\nlarge amount of travel. Pop. about 300.\\nUpper Iowa River, lo., 9 miles above; rises in Rice co.,\\nMin., and after running a southeast direction as far as De-\\ncorah, it flows in a northeast direction, until it enters the\\nMississippi, 4 miles below the dividing line between Iowa\\nand Minnesota territory. Length, 188 miles.\\nState Line between Iowa and Wisconsin. 4 miles above.\\nBad Axe Eiver, Bad Axe co.. Wis. a small river that\\nrises in the county, and enters the Mississippi f)pposite the\\ndividing line between Iowa and Wisconsin. Length, 45 ms.\\nWarner s Landing, Bad Axe co.. Wis., 18 miles above,\\na small promising settlement.\\nRacoon River, in the same co., 2 miles above a small\\nstream, 20 miles in length.\\nHokah, or Root River, 16 miles above, rises in Rice\\nCO., Min., takes an easterly course of 110 miles, and enters\\nthe Mississippi 5 miles below La Crosse. Navigable for flat-\\nboats, 25 miles.\\nLa Crosse (Prairie La Crosse), capital of La Crosse co.,\\nWis., 5 miles above; pleasantly situated on the west bank of\\nthe river, at the mouth of the La Crosse river, 200 miles below\\nthe falls of St. Anthony, and 96 miles above Prairie du Chien.\\nPop. about 800.\\nLa Crosse River, Wis., rises in Jacksdn co., and after a\\nsouthwest course of 70 miles, enters the Mississippi just\\nabove La Crosse.\\nBlack River, Wis., 6 miles above, rises in Marathon co.,\\nflows in a south-southeasterly dii-ection, for 175 miles, and\\nenters the Mississippi 102 miles above Prairie du Chien. It\\nis navigable 60 miles for small boats.\\nMountain River, Wis., 25 miles above rises in Jackson\\nCO. Length 45 miles.\\nHolmes Landing, Buffalo co.. Wis., 22 miles above, a\\npleasant landing-place for steamboats. Pop. about 150.\\nMinnesota City, Fillmore co., Min., nearly opposite\\nHolmes Landing. This prosperous village is pleasantly situ-\\nated on the west bank of the river, on high ground, over-\\nlooking the adjacent countiy. It was settled by the Western\\nVillage Association in 1852.\\nSugar Loaf Island, 4 miles above a rocky island some\\n350 feet high, rising from near the centre of the river, in the\\ndii ect track of steamboats a great natural curiosity.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 35\\nWazi Oju River, 10 miles above, rises in several small\\nlakes on the dividing line of Rice and Scott cos., and, after\\nflowing 55. miles easterly, falls into the Mississippi 133 miles\\nbelow St. Paul.\\nWabashaw, capital of Wabashaw co., Min., 12 miles\\nabove a flourishing village on the west bank of the river,\\noverlooking it for a great distance. It has facilities for, and\\nwill no doubt soon become, a large river port. The back\\ncountry is exceedingly fertile. Pop. about 600.\\nBuffalo River, Wis., nearly opposite Wabashaw, rises in\\nJackson co., and flowing southwesterly, enters the Missis-\\nsippi 107 miles below St. Paul. It has several falls, afford-\\ning excellent water-power. Length 70 miles.\\nReed s Landing, Wabashaw co., Min., 17 miles above;\\na small thriving settlement, well situated for trade. Pop.\\nabout 250.\\nNelson s Landing, Buffalo co., Wis., 2 miles above;\\nadvantageously situated on the east side of the Mississippi,\\nimmediately below the mouth of the Chippewa river. The\\nimmense quantities of lumber that pass here, from the Chip-\\npewa river, together with the rich agricultural country around\\nit, must render it one of the most importants points upon the\\nwaters of the upper Mississippi.\\nCliippewa River, Wis., rises from several small lakes\\nin Marathon co., near the boundary of the northern peninsula\\nof Michigan. It has a southwesterly course of 225 miles,\\nand falls into the Mississippi at the foot of Lake Pepin,\\njust above Nelson s Landing. Small steamboats ascend to\\nthe principal (Chippewa) falls, 80 miles. It is 400 yards\\nwide at its mouth. The scenery above the Mis is of the most\\ngrand description. Immense pine-forests are found along its\\nbanks several mills are in operation, converting them into\\nlumber for the southern market.\\nMaiden s Rock, Dunn co.. Wis., 22 miles above Chip-\\npewa a stupendous rock, 475 feet high, from which, tradition\\nsays, an Indian maiden cast herself headlong, after having\\nbeen forbidden, by her father to marry an Indian brave of her\\nchoice.\\nLake Pepin is an expansion of the Mississippi, 28 miles\\nlong, and from 2 to 4 miles wide. It is studded with small\\nislands of great beauty. Just below the entrance of Rush\\nriver, on the east shore, and 6 miles below the head of the\\nlake, is a lofty range of limestone, one of which is called", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "36 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.\\nMaiden s Rock/ Several small streams or rivers entei\\nthe lake from Wisconsin and Iowa.\\nRed Wing, capital of Goodhue co., Min., 19 miles abovo\\nMaiden s Rock delightfully situated on the west bank of the\\nriver, on an extended plain, well calculated for a great city.\\nOn the western edge of the plain, magnificent bluffs crown\\nthe beauty of the landscape still back of these bluffs, the\\nvast rolling prairie commences. This place is fast rising in\\nwealth and population. The Hamline university, under the\\ndirection of the Methodists, has been chartered by the state,\\nto be located here. Present population about 700.\\nCannon, or Lahotan River, 4 miles above; a small\\nriver in Min. rises in Goodhue co., and enters the Missis-\\nsippi 43 miles below St. Paul. Length 45 miles.\\nPresoott, capital of Pierce co., 26 miles above, at the con-\\nfluence of the St. Croix with the Mississippi. Already the\\neffects of its favorable position are beginning to be realized.\\nThe immense amount of pine lumber coming down the St.\\nCroix, the amount of goods required in the pineries, and\\nthe fertility of the soil around it, must all combine to make\\nthis an important river port. Pop. 700.\\nSt. Croi-x, River and Lake, an important river of\\nMin. and Wis., rises in La Pointe and Douglas cos.. Wis.,\\non the dividing ridge between Lake Superior and Mississippi\\nriver, and, flowing southwesterly until it reaches 46\u00c2\u00b0 5 north\\nlatitude, where it takes a southerly course, forming the boun-\\ndary line between Wisconsin and Minnesota, until it enters the\\nMississippi at Prescott and Point Douglas, 31 miles below\\nthe falls of St. Anthony. Along its course it receives many\\ntributaries, enters St. Croix lake, a long and narrow body\\nof water, and passing through it, becomes contracted again\\nbefore entering the Mississippi. Its principal tributaries are\\nthe Namekagon, Shell, Snake, Everflowing, and Willow\\nrivers. Its Avhole length is about 230 miles, and it is navigable\\nto the St. Croix Palls, 67 miles. There are a number of vil-\\nlages springing up along its banks, besides those named below.\\nHudson (formerly Willow river), capital of St. Croix co.. Wis., is pleas-\\nantly situated, 20 miles up the St. Croix river, just below the mouth of Wil-\\nlow river. It contains the usual county buildings. This town is rapidly\\nimproving. It will soon be what its location warrants, a place of much im-\\nportance. Pop. 900.\\nStillwater, capital of Washington co., Min. beautifully situated 7\\nniles above Hudson, on the east side of Lake St. Croix, on rising ground,\\nconiEianding a fine view of the surrounding country. It contains the\\ntounty buildings, state penitentiary, and several elegant warehouses and\\nprivate residences. This is the centre of the pineries, and owes its pros-\\nperity to the vast amount of lumber prepared here and shipped down the\\nriver. It is rapidly increasing in population and wealth. Pop. about 3000.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 37\\nSt. Croix Falls, capital of Polk co., Wis., on the St. Croix river; eligi-\\nbly situated on tlie east bank, 40 miles above Stillwater. Considerabfe\\ncapital is here invested in tlie lumber business, whicb, together with the fer-\\ntile lands tliat surround it, must soon render this an important town. Pop.\\nabout 151)0.\\nPoint Douglas, Washington co., Min. advantageously\\nsituated on a point formed by the confluence of the St. Croix\\nwith the Mississippi, 20 miles below the falls of St. Anthony.\\nIt is rapidly increasing in population, and will soon become\\nto the St. Croix, what St. Louis is to the Missouri. The\\ntown was surveyed in 1849. Pop. about 400.\\nVermillion River, Min., 1 mile above, rises in Herhakah\\nor Scott lake, Scott co., and flowing 40 miles northeasterly,\\nenters the Mississippi 1 mile above Point Douglas. There\\nare numerous falls which render it navigable only for a short\\ndistance.\\nRed Rock, Ramsey co., Min., 2 miles above, on the east\\nside of the river a small village named from a rock that the\\nIndians have kept painted for a long period. The place is\\nwell situated, having an excellent landing for steamboats.\\nPop. about 200.\\nKaposia (Little Crow village), Dakota co., Min., 10 miles\\nabove, and 5 miles below St. Paul pleasantly situated on the\\nwest bank of the river, on a plain, which extends back to the\\nadjacent bluffs. Pop. about 200.\\nST. PAUL CITY,\\nPort of entry, capital of Ramsey co., and capital of Minne-\\nsota, is situated on the left bank of the river, 4 miles above,\\n14 miles below St. Anthony s falls, and 2126 miles from\\nthe gulf of Mexico. This city is beautifully situated on two\\nterraces or bluffs; one 40 feet above high-water mark, the\\nother 75 feet. It is nearly encircled with picturesque hills,\\nfrom which issue numerous springs of the purest water. The\\nfirst permanent storehouse was built in 1843. For three or\\nfour years the improvements were not rapid, but since 1848\\nit has grown with almost unexampled rapidity for a new\\ncountry. A beautiful statehouse, 140 by 54 feet, surmounted\\nby a splendid metallic dome, a number of beautiful and sub-\\nstantial church edifices, a seminary, hotels, and other public\\nbuildings, have been erected. Several well-patronized news-\\npapers are published here. This city, together with Mendota,\\nSt. Anthony, and Minneapolis, must become the great com-\\nmercial centre of the northwest. The commerce of this town\\nis already very great. The arrivals of steamboats average\\nover one per day during the period of navigation. The", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "38 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RITEK.\\nsociety of the city is a mixture of almost every race, from\\nnearly all the civilized nations on the globe, all commingling\\nand harmonizing for the purposes of gain. The Baldwin col-\\nlege or institute is located here. Pop. 1850, 1298; 185G,\\nabout 9,500.\\nMendota (formerly St. Peter s), capital of Dakota co.,\\nMin., 1 mile below Fort Snelling, half a mile below the mouth\\nof the Minnesota, and 6 miles above St. Paul, is delightfully\\nsituated on the west bank of the Mississippi, on an extended\\nplain, stretching down the river, and Avest three quarters of a\\nmile to the high rolling prairie. On the summit of one of\\nthese high points, stands an Indian buiying-place. The man-\\nner of interment is as follows a framework or scaffold, 9\\nfeet high, composed of four saplings 3 or 4 inches in diameter,\\nhaving crotchets at the top, are inserted in the ground across\\nthese, other sticks and bushes of suliicient strength are laid\\nthe body, after having been wrapped in blankets, is then laid\\non this scaffold and properly secured against the action of the\\nwind. The corpse is frequently adorned with eagle s feathers\\nand strips of red cloth, which can be seen from a great dis-\\ntance. After the body has remained on this platform four or\\nfive months, the remains are taken and deposited on the\\nsurface of the ground, when a covering of earth of 12 or 18\\ninches is thrown o^cer it, completing the ceremony- The\\nwriter endeavored to ascertain the object of thus exposing\\nthe body for a season above ground; the most satisfactory\\nsolution of which was, that the spirit lingered around the\\nbody while the flesh was decomposing. This place, on\\naccount of its being at the mouth of a great river, and in the\\nmidst of one of the most fertile districts on the globe, and\\nespecially as it is at the head of navigation of the great Mis-\\nsissippi, must become a large commercial town. This point\\nis within the military reservation (connected with Fort Snel-\\nling) of 10 miles square, and has for many years been an\\nimportant depot of the American Fur Company. Large quan-\\ntities of furs, from the far-off Northwest, are here shipped for\\nSt. Louis. From the summit of Pilot Knob, wliich lies half\\na mile back of Mendota, a splendid view is had of the coun-\\ntry for a great distance. Pop. about 1,000.\\nBSOTA (Formerly St. Peter s) RIVBR,\\nA large river of Minnesota, 630 miles in length, rises in Pern\\nbina co., in latitude 46\u00c2\u00b0 north, flowing a southeasterly course,\\nuntil it receives the Mankato, at the to^vn of Mankato, Col-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "PLAOKS ON THE MISSISSIPPI KITER. 39\\nlet CO., 120 miles from its mouth, when it takes a northeast\\ncom-se, until its entrance into the Mississippi, half a mile\\nbelow Fort Snelling. It is navigable for steamboats 75 miles,\\nand for keel-boats 65 miles further. It receives some 30 trib-\\nutaries, several of which are streams of considerable magni-\\ntude. The falls along its upper sections afford unlimited\\nwater-power. The land which this river drains, is of the\\nrichest quality, and capable of sustaining a dense population.\\nThere are a number of settlements commenced along its banks,\\namong which are Shockopee, Hennepin co. Robert s Land-\\ning, Sibley co. Big Legs, in the same co. Travers de\\nSioux, Mankato Slough Agency, Pierce co. and Scisson\\nVillage, in Pembina co. About 27 miles southwest of the\\njunction of the Blue-Earth river with the Minnesota, on the\\nsummit of a beautiful natural elevation, in the midst of an\\nextensive undulating prairie, is a large artificial truncated\\nmound, which rises 40 feet above the adjacent elevations, and\\noccupies an area of 6 acres.\\nFort Snelling, Ramsey county, Min., 1 mile above, 7\\nmiles below St. Anthony s Falls, and 2,032 miles above New\\nOrleans. It is situated on the right side of, and at a sharp\\nbend in, the river, on an abrupt bank, 80 feet above low water-\\nmark, overlooking the river and adjacent country for a great\\ndistance.. The fort is enclosed by a massive wall, the only\\nentrance being on the north side. It is unapproachable on\\nthe side facing the river, the ascent being an angle of forty-\\nfive degrees. The United States reserves a tract of land 10\\nmiles square, for government purposes. The fort stands on\\nthe southern point of the reservation. It was erected as a\\nprotection against the Indians. From this point a prospect\\nof surpassing beauty is presented on the north, a vast prairie,\\nas level as a house-floor, extends to the falls of St. Anthony\\non the west, the high rolling prairies rise in the distance, and\\nin moderately-elevated hills, over which the narrow trail of\\nthe Indian is distinctly seen, leading to his far-off home in the\\nwilderness on the south, the beautiful Mississippi lies at\\nyour feet, which by its windings is soon lost to the view;\\ntoward the east, prairie and woodland are agreeably inter-\\nspersed, completing the grand panorama. On one of the\\ngreat swells of this prairie-sea, is seen an Indian burying-\\nground, above described. This is a great central rendezvous\\nfor the Sioux, Chippewa, and other tribes of Indians, where\\nthey receive their annuities from government, too often spend-\\ning the same for worthless ornaments, and fire water.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "40 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI EIVER.\\nSt. Anthony s Falls, 1,020 miles from the source of the\\nMississippi, 825 miles above St. Louis, and 2,140 miles above\\nthe gulf of Mexico. The river here has a perpendicular fall\\nof 18 feet, and a series of rapids below. A small island at\\nthe brow of the precipice divides the current into two parts\\nthe largest of which passes on the west side of the island.\\nThe rapids below the falls are filled with large fragments of\\nrock, in the interstices of which some alluvial soil has accu-\\nmulated, which nourishes a stinted growth of cedars. The\\nrapids above the falls are not more than 10 feet in 300 yards,\\nand scarcely perceptible at high water. The entire fall in\\nthree quarters of a mile is 65 feet. Without the grandeur of\\nNiagara, the falls, when viewed from below, or from the\\nwestern bank, are beautiful and sublime. The falls were dis-\\ncovered in 1680. {See Mississippi Kiver.)\\nST. ANTHOHir CITY\\nRamsey co., Min., 7 miles above Fort Snelling, and 8 miles\\nfrom St. Paul, by land delightfully situated on the east side\\nof the Mississippi, at the falls of St. Anthony, on an elevated\\nprairie that rises gradually from the river, overlooking the\\nfalls and river. It is well laid-out, the streets crossing each\\nother at right angles. In the rear of the town another terrace\\nor plateau rises, presenting a landscape of great beauty.\\nSituated in the midst of a rich agricultural district, and\\npossessing the greatest water-power (Niagara excepted) in\\nNorth America, it must, in time, become the great manufac-\\nturing city of the Northwest. Already splendid mills and\\nextensive manufactories are in successful operation. By\\nlooking at the map of the country, scarcely a doubt can exist,\\nthat this point must be to this northern region, what St. Louis\\nis to the country washed by the Missouri river. Tourists from\\nevery section of the western continent, as well as from the\\nold world, after visiting the points of interest in this region,\\nacknowledge that the tour of Europe hardly affords equal\\nattractions. In 1841, a, solitary half-breed s shanty alone\\nmarked the site where the city now stands. The university\\nof Minnesota, chartered in 1851, is located here. Congress\\nhaving donated two townships of land for that purpose. The\\ncitizens are manifesting a good degree of interest in erecting\\nchurch edifices, and buildings appropriated for institutions of\\nlearning. A splendid obseiwatory 92 feet high, has been erect-\\ned by a public-spirited individual, from the summit of which an\\nimmense tract of country can be surveyed. Pop. about 4,400.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "PLACES OX THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 41\\nMinneapolis, Hennepin co., Min., opposite the city of St.\\nAnthony, just above the falls, on land gently rising from the\\nriver to the distance of half a mile, where there is a gentle swell\\nextending quite a distance, nearly parallel with the river, and\\nforming fine sites for public or private buildings. Thence\\nsouth, bearing east, is an unbroken prairie, extending nearly\\nto Fort Snelling, 7 miles distant. This prairie is crossed by\\nMinne-ha-ha creek, upon which is the inimitable Minne-ha-ha\\nFalls, a beautiful body of water, 35 yards wide, and 65 feet\\nfall. Visiters can walk with safety behind the slieet of water.\\nThe site of this village is one of great beauty from the tops\\nof the houses a splendid panoi-ama is spread out at every\\npoint of the compass. In 1842, there was only one dilapi-\\ndiited house, occupied by a sergeant attached to t\u00c2\u00bbio garrison\\nat Fort Snelling, whose duty it was to attend to a large num-\\nber of beef cattle, designed for the use of the troops at the\\nfort. The town is rapidly increasing in population and wealth.\\nPop. 2000.\\nNote. The Mississippi above the falls of St. Anthony is\\nnavigable a great distance a steamboat runs to Sauk Rapids,\\na distance of 85 miles, and thence to Little Falls, 45 miles be-\\nyond these two falls are the principal obstructions to naviga-\\ntion for the distance of 450 miles from St, Anthony. (For\\na more particular description of the Mississippi above St.\\nAnthony s Falls, see Mississippi river.)\\nThe Winnebago Indians for generations have been at enmity\\nwith the Sioux, which has resulted in the death of many of\\ntheir bravest warriors. The Illinois tribe almost exterminated\\nthem in 1640, They were enemies to the United States in the\\nwar of 1812, and again took up arms against the whites in\\nthe Black Hawk war, in 1832. The tribe, now about 4,000\\nstrong, is scattered about upon the Mississippi, 75 miles above\\nthe falls of St. Anthony.\\nFSOM NEW ORLEANS TO THE GULE OF MEXICO.\\nVERSAILLES, St. Bernard parish, La., 5 miles below New Orleans; a\\nlanding-place, with a few houses.\\nFonT St. Leon, Plaquemine parish, La., 11 miles below, on a sharp\\nano le of the river, on the right.\\nFort St. Philip, on the left, and Fort Jackson, on the right, both in the\\nsame parish, 56 miles below; they stand as sentinels to guard the Father\\nof Waters, and give obtrusive foes a warm reception.\\nThe Mouths of the Mississippi, 28 miles below, are several in number,\\nand discharge an immense body of water into the gulf. The water is very\\nturbid, being mixed with a large amount of vegetable and mineral sul\\nstances. (See Mississippi River for further description.)", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "42 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.\\nFROM NEW ORLEANS TO ST. LOUIS.\\nNEW ORLEANS CITY,\\nFamiliarly termed the Crescent city, from its form bending\\nparallel with the Mississippi, port of entry and commercial\\nmetropolis of the southwestern states, and in 1850 the sixth\\nin population in the United States, is situated on the north\\nbank of the river, 100 miles from its entrance into the gulf of\\nMexico. Its position and appearance are singularly dilFerent\\nfrom those of any other American city. The ground as it recedes\\nfrom the river, descends by a gentle inclination, causing the\\nhouses when viewed irom a point not much above the level of\\nhigh water, to seem to rise immediately from it. A levee, or\\ndike, forms a margin between the city and river, and protects the\\nformer from the latter. It is built 200 feet wide, and extends\\n4 miles, presenting a most animated scene of commercial pr9s-\\nperity. The inhabitants of New Orleans are of many descrip-\\ntions. Except New York, no city includes so many Americans\\nfrom so many different states while the number of blacks,\\nFrench and Spanish Creoles, and foreigners, from every\\nnation, is still greater. These representatives of many\\nnations are drawn to New Orleans by its geographical and\\ncommercial relations to the West Indies, South America,\\nMexico, and the southern parts of North America. The\\nCreole citizens are descendants of the French, Spanish, and\\nGermans, who originally founded and peopled the city, and\\nconstitute a large proportion of the population. The position\\nof New Orleans, with regard to the interior of the United\\nStates, is still more important. Situated near the mouth of\\nthe great river of the American continent, with its immense\\nconfluents, Missouri, Ohio, Red, Illinois, Arkansas, c., al-\\nmost the whole trade of those streams and their numerous\\ntributaries flows to it as a vast receiving and distributing\\nreservoir; hence the exports of New Orleans are exceeded\\nby those of no other American city, New York excepted.\\nThe great staples of the southern and western states, sugar,\\ncotton, wheat, flour, corn, beef, pork, and lead, are the prin-\\nipal articles shipped from this port. The harbor is deep and\\n?(pacious ships of the lai-gest class, and steamboats of every\\ndescription, here congregate, enlivening the scene as they\\nmove from point to point. From the city to the bar near\\nthe gulf of Mexico, the river has an average depth of 75 feet,\\naffording good anchorage for miles along the wharves. The", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "^^,^^^;^2^ 4^^:^cJ^^^^y^ 3n^", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "44 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.\\nbed of the river and its banks toward the mouth are gradiiallj\\nrising;, owing to the sediment that is continually settling to\\nthe bottom. In 1722, there were 2.5 feet of water on the bar,\\nand, in 1855, there were only 9 feet. The present mouth of\\nthe river is three miles beyond the mouth in 1725. The city\\nis gradually extending toward Lake Ponchartrain, on the\\nnorth, which communicates with the Mississippi, by a canal,\\nthe Bayou St. John, and a railroad 6 miles long, and with\\nthe gulf of Mexico by Lake Borgne, and intermediate pas-\\nsages. The Mexican Gulf railroad connects with Proctors-\\nviiie, 27 miles distant. From the commercial advantages\\nwhich New Orleans enjoys, it is apparent that its progress is\\nalmost unlimited, and the necessary result of the settlement\\nof the vast region of the western valley. It contains a greaJ;\\nnumber of churches, hospitals, charitable institutions, banks,\\nthe university of Louisiana, a branch mint, and many flourish-\\ning academies and schools. The city is abundantly supplied\\nwith water, elevated from the Mississippi into a reservoir, and\\nthence distributed through the city. New Orleans Avas named\\nin honor of the duke of Orleans, regent of France during the\\nminority of Louis XV. Pop., in 1763, 3,190; 1810, 17,242;\\n1820, 27,176; 1830, 46,310; 1840, 102,193; 1850, 116,375;\\n1853, 145,346.\\nThe bavtle of New Orleans is among the most remarlvable on record, on\\naccount of the number engaged, and the small number that were slain on\\nthe part of ibe victors. In the latter part of December, 1814, General Jack-\\nsBon tiad concentrated his troops (about 3,000 in number, and mostly militia)\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0within a line of entrenchments cast up four miles below the city, where\\nthey were twice cannonaded by the British, without much effect. Finally,\\non the morning of the 8th January, 1815, Packenham advanced with his\\nwhole force, numbering more Ihau 12,000 men, to make a general assault.\\nReinforced by about 3,000 militia, chiefly Kentuckians, Jackson had now\\n6,000 marksmen concealed behind his intrenchments, or stationed at bat-\\nteries on his extended line. When the British approached within reach of\\nthese batteries, the Americans opened a terrible cannonade, yet the enemy\\ncontinued to advance until within range of the American rifles. Volley\\nafter volley then poured a deadly storm of lead upon the invaders. The\\nBritish column soon wavered. General Packenham fell, and the entire army\\nfled in disorder, leaving 700 dead, and more than a thousand wounded, on\\nthe field. The fugitives hastened to their encampments, January 9th, and\\nfinally to their ships (January 18th), and escaped. The Americans were so\\nsafely intrenched, that they lost only seven men killed, and six wounded,\\nin this victorious battle.\\nAlgiers, St. Bernard parish. La., opposite New Orleans\\na tlmving village has several manufacturing establishments,\\nand a number of extensive shipyards.\\nCarrolton, Jefferson parish. La., on the left bank of the\\nriver, 6 miles above New Orleans, with which it is connected\\nby a railroad, is a delightful place of residence for merchants\\ndoing business in the city. During the warm season it is the", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVEK. 45\\nfavoi ite resort of multitudes of pleasure-seekers Its extensive\\nflower-gardenfj are peculiarly beautiful and attractive. Pop.,\\n1850, 1,313.\\nRed Church, St. Charles parish, 18 miles above.\\nBonnet Quare Church, St. John Baptist parish, 20\\nmiles above.\\nJefferson College, St. James parish, La., 20 miles above,\\nis pleasantly situated on the east side of the river.\\nDonaidsonville, capital of Ascension parish, La., 16\\nmiles above, at the mouth of the Bayou Lafourche formerly\\nthe capital of the state has a good landing for steamboats,\\nand considerable trade.\\nBayou Lafourche, Ibberville parish. It leaves tlie Mis-\\nsissippi just above Donaidsonville, and, after passing through\\nAssumption, Lafourche, and Jnterior parishes, unites with\\nthe gulf of Mexico, east of Timbalier bay.\\nSt. Ann Chapel, Ascension parish. La., 18 miles above.\\nBayou Goula, in the same parish, 2 miles above.\\nLouisiana Institute, Ascension parish, La., 1 mile\\nabove pleasantly situated, overlooking the river.\\nSt. Gabriel Church, Ibberville parish. La., 5 miles above.\\nIbberville P. O., in the same parish, 1 mile above.\\nPlaquemine, in the same parish, 8 miles above pleas-\\nantly situated on the west bank of the river, just below the\\negress of Plaquemine Bayou. It exports large quantities of\\ncotton, and has a superior steamboat-landing.\\nPlaquemine Bayou, just above the village of the same\\nname an outlet of the river. The water of the river only\\nflows into it Avhen that river approaches its extreme height\\nit is then navigable for large boats for a few miles.\\nBayou Ibberville, 5 miles above, 25 miles in length;\\nnavigable only during high water.\\nManchac, East Baton Rouge parish. La., just above\\nBayou Ibberville a landing-place contairiing a few houses.\\nBruly Landing, West Baton Rouge parish, La., 12 miles\\nabove.\\nBATON ROUGE CITY,\\nCapital of E. Baton Rouge parish, and capital of the state,\\n6 miles above mostly situated on a bluff or plain elevated 40\\nfeet above high water the business portion is mostly on one\\nstreet along the river, at the foot of the bluff. The seat of\\ngovernment was removed to this place in 1847. Since that\\ntime the business and population have greatly increased. The .i", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "4B\\nPLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.\\nState penitentiaiy is located here. A splendid statehouse and\\nother public buildings adorn the town. This is considered\\none of the most salubrious locations on the river below Cairo.\\nIts river trade is quite extensive. Pop. 1850, 3,905.\\n^^t^^^--^!^*\\nLate Residence of General Taylor.\\nWest Baton Rouge, in the parish of the same name, ou\\nthe opposite side of the river a suburb of the capital. Pop.\\n300.\\nPort Hickory and Fontaiiia, East Feliciana parish,\\nLa., 22 miles above a small steamboat landing-place.\\nPort Hudson, in the same parish, 1 mile above, adjoining\\nPort Hickory, is pleasantly situated has an active river trade.\\nThe sugar cane is extensively cultivated in the vicinity.\\nCotton and sugar in large quantities are shipped from this\\nport. The Clinton and Port Hudson Railroad, 24 miles in\\nlength, terminates here. The white cliifs on which the village\\nis built, present a fine appearance from the river.\\nWaterloo, Point Coupee parish. La., 4 miles above a\\nsmall pleasant settlement, just above the head of False river.\\n(False river re-enters the Miss., after a circuit of 8 miles.)\\nPop. 1850, 238.\\nBayou Sara village, West Feliciana parish, La., 6 miles\\nabove a flourishing village. The surrounding country pro-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "48 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI PwITEE.\\nduces a great amount of cotton which is shipped from this\\npoint. A bayou of the same name unites with the Missis-\\nsippi at this place.\\nSt. Francisville, capital of West Feliciana parish, La., 1 mile up the\\nBayou Sara, pleasantly situated on the south side of the bayou, on an ele-\\nvated bluff, which extends along the stream for some distance. It has a\\nlanding from which large quantities of corn and other agricultural products\\nare shipped to New Orleans,\\nPoint Coupee, capital of Point Coupee parish, La., 5\\nmiles above Bayou Sara. It has the usual county buildings,\\nand is the residence of wealthy planters owning plantations in\\nthe interior. Here commences the Levee which extends\\nbelow New Orleans. Many of the inhabitants are of French\\ndescent.\\nMorganza, Point Coupee parish. La,, 1 1 miles above a\\nsmall settlement, with a good steamboat-landing, in a sharp\\nbend of the river.\\nBayou Tunica, West Peliciana Parish, La., 15 miles\\nabove, is navigable for 10 miles during high water.\\nRed River Cut-Off, 22 miles above a large bend in the\\nriver formerly boats could not pass this cut, but were obliged\\nto keep the usual course of the river; recently the cut-ofF\\nchannel has been deepened, so as to allow the largest boats to\\npass.\\nAtchafalaya Bayou, La., 8 miles above a large strea qi,\\nnavigable for a short distance.\\nRED RIVER,\\nTwo miles above, the first great .tributary of the Mississippi\\nabove its mouth, rises at the base of the Rocky mountains,\\nnear Santa Fe. It is formed by several head branches, and\\nreceives several tributaries, the largest of Avhich are Blue river\\nand False Washitta. A greater part of its course is through\\nprairie of rich soil, which colors its waters hence the origin\\nof its name. About 100 miles above Natchitoches, com-\\nmences what is termed the Raft, which consists of a\\nswampy expansion of the river, to the width of 25 miles, and\\nhas a length of 60 miles. The river divides into a great num-\\nber of channels, many of which are shallow, and these chan-\\nnels have been obstructed by fallen trees, brought down\\nby the floods from above. In some places the raft covers\\nthe whole river, and the grass and willows grow on the\\nalluvial soil collected on it. In 1834-5, at great expense,\\nthe raft was mostly removed by the general government,\\nbut another has since been formed. Boats pass this point\\nat high-water, by leaving the river above the raft, in a channel", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 49\\nwhich flows into a lake, and following the outlet of this lake\\nuntil it joins the river below the raft. Were it not for this\\nraft, tlie river would be navigable for 800 miles. Below the\\nraft, and 4 miles above Naichitoches, the whole volume of the\\nriver is again united, but soon divides into many channels,\\nand fills an immense number of bayous and lakes that lie\\nparallel to it. Its whole length is 1700 miles, and its course\\njs generally southeast. It enters the Mississippi 57 miles\\nbelow Natchez.\\nAlexandria. Rapides parish, La., 165 miles above the month of the river,\\nand 399 miles above New Orleans. The town is pleasantly situated, and\\neujoys a good river trade. Pop. about 700.\\nNatchitoches, capital of Natchitoches parish, La., 98 miles above Alex-\\nandrirt. It is pleasantly situated on the west side of the river, at the foot\\nof a bluff. Its river trade is somew^hat extensive. It has good county\\nbuildin B. and some fine private residences. Pop. 1850, 1261.\\nShreveport, capital of Caddo parish. La., 140 miles above Natchitoches;\\na flourishing villai^e on the west bank of the river. This is a great ship-\\npmg port for cotton, from 50,000 to 75,000 bales of which are shipped an-\\nnually. There is no land in the south better adapted to the growth of cot-\\nton, than is found in this vicinity. Railroads will soon connect this point\\nwith Vicksburg, Mississippi, and Austin, Texas. Pop. 1850, 1728.\\nJefferson, capital of Cass co., Texas, 53 miles above Shreveport, not\\nsituated on the Red river, but is pleasantly located on Big Cypress bayou,\\n5 miles above its entrance into Perry lake, which discliarges itself into\\nLake Sodo, and connects with the Red river just above Shreveport. Thin\\nid the head of navigation for large steamboats, and is the shipping port for\\nthe county. Cotton and wheat are the principal products of this section of\\nthe state. Pop. 1800.\\nLouisiana and Mississippi State Line. 10 miles above\\nHed river.\\nClarksville, Wilkinson co., Miss., 2 miles above; a small\\nunimportant settlement. Pop. about 125.\\nFort Adams, in the same county, 1 mile above a pleas-\\nant village the landing-place for the county, and exports\\nlarge quantities of cotton.\\nBuffalo River, in the same co. a small stream that rises\\nin the county, and unites with the Mississippi at Fort Adams.\\nHomo Chitta River and Bayou, Miss., 11 miles above\\nrises in Copiah co., and flowing 75 miles southwest, unites\\nwith the Mississippi on the boundary between Adams and\\nWilkinson cos. navigable for 28 miles.\\nUnion Point, P. O., Concordia parish. La., 6 miles above\\na settlement of a few houses.\\nWhilo, or Ellis Cliffs, Adams co., Miss., 19 miles above,\\na short distance below the mouth of St. Catherine s creek.\\nThese cliffs consist of a ridge of bluffs, from 50 to 75 feet in\\nheight, extending along the east bank of the river for 3 miles.\\nFrom this point to the gulf of Mexico very few bluffs are\\nfound, but nearly a dead level exists for the entire distance.\\n4", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "50 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KIVER.\\nSt. Catherine s Creek, in the same co., a small stream\\nthat unites with the river a short distance above Ellis Cliffs.\\nNATCHEZ CITY,\\nCapital of Adams co., Miss., 18 miles above; delightfully\\nsituated on the east bank of the river, principally on a splen-\\ndid bluff, elevated 180 feet above the level of the river, 301\\nmiles above New Orleans, by the course of the river, and 739\\nmiles below the mouth of the Ohio. A part of the town is\\nbuilt on the margin of the river. The city is laid out in the\\nform of a parallelogram, Avith streets intersecting each other\\nat right angles. Some of the houses are elegant, but they arc\\nmostly of wood. Almost every house has a piazza and bal-\\ncony, and many of them have gardens, ornamented with\\nshrubbery and fruit trees. Most of the shipments of cotton\\nare made from the lower part of the town, called, Natchez\\nunder the hill. Some of the richest cotton lands of the\\nsouth, are found in this vicinity. From 80,000 to 130,000\\nbales of cotton are exported from this point annually. A\\ngood degree of public spirit exists among the citizens, which\\nmanifests itself in the maintenance of several flourishing\\nseminaries of learning, highly creditable to the south. Plant-\\ners from a great distance send their sons and daughters to\\nthese institutions, to obtain an education. This is the terminus\\nof the Natchez and Jackson railroad. Other railroads are\\nprojected, uniting this point with St. Francisville and Mobile.\\nPop. 1853, 4,632.*\\nVidalia, capital of Concordia parish. La., nearly opposite\\nNatchez a pleasant village, having a good landing. While\\nthis region was in the possession of Spain, it was called the\\nport of Concordia. Pop. about 200.\\nPairchild Creek, Jefferson co., Miss., 13 miles above.\\nColes Creek, in the same co., 9 miles above.\\nWater Proof, Tensas parish. La., 4 miles above a small\\nsettlement, well situated for trade.\\nRodiiey, Jefferson co.. Miss., 5 miles above a pleasant\\nvillage, enjoying a good river trade. Pop. about 750.\\nThe Natchez Indians, once a powerful tribe, occupied a considerable\\ndistrict of country on the eastern side of the Mississippi. It extended\\nnortherly from the river, along the valley of Pearl river, to the upper waters\\nof the Chickasaw. They became jealous of the French on their first ap-\\npearance upon the Mississippi, and, finally, they conspired with others to\\ndrive the intruders from their country. The French fell upon, and almost\\nannihilated the nation in 1730. They never recovered from the shock, and,\\nafter maintaining^ a feeble nationality for more than a century, they have\\nbecome merged mto the Creek Confederacy.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 51\\nSt. Joseph, capital of Tensas parish, La., 7 miles above\\na growing village. Pop. about 350.\\nBruinsburg, Claiborne co., Miss., 2 miles above a small\\nsettlement, with a good landing, from which considerable pro-\\nduce is shipped.\\nBayou Pierre, rises in Hind co.. Miss., and flowing past\\nFort Gibson, enters the Mississippi just above Bruinsburg.\\nNavigable for 25 miles.\\nGrand Gulf, Claiborne co., Miss., 11 miles above, situ-\\nated on a remarkably acute bend in the river. It has a good\\nriver trade and several steam mills, and exports large quan-\\ntities of cotton. It is the residence of many wealthy planters.\\nPop. about 900.\\nBig Black River, Miss., 2 miles above, rises in the\\nnorthern centre of Miss., in Choctaw co., and, flowing in a\\nsouthwesterly direction for 210 miles, on the dividing line\\nbetween Warren and Claiborne cos., enters the Mississippi 355\\nmiles above New Oiieans navigable for small boats 75 miles.\\nPoint Pleasant, Tensas parish. La., 11 miles above; a\\nsmall unimportant steamboat-landing.\\nNe w Carthage, Madison parish, La., 13 miles above, at\\nthe mouth of the Roundaway river the landing-place of sup\\nplies for the adjacent plantations.\\nWarrenton, Warren co.. Miss., 19 miles above; a thri-\\nving village. Pop. about 300.\\nVICKSBURG CITY-,\\nAnd port of entry, capital of Warren co.. Miss., 10 miles\\nabove advantageously situated on the east side of the river,\\n408 miles above New Orleans, and 632 miles below the mouth\\nof the Ohio, and though of recent origin, has become a large\\nflourishing place. The town is situated on the shelving de-\\nclivity of high hills, and the houses are scattered in groups on\\nthe terraces, just below the Walnut hills, that extend along\\nthe river, and are 300 feet high, presenting a grand appearance\\nfrom the river. This city has a large inland trade, and ex-\\nports more than 140,000 bales of cotton annually. It is the\\nterminus of the Vicksburg, Jackson, and Alabama Central,\\nand Vicksburg, Shreveport, and Texas railroads. These\\nroads, when completed, and others to be continued westerly,\\nwill add much to the importance of this river port. Pop.\\n1850, 3,678.\\nWalnut Hills, in the same co., commencing near Vicks-\\nburg, and extending for 2| miles, around a sharp angle of the", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "52 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.\\nriver. They range from 300 to 400 feet high, and are promi-\\nnent landmarks on the lower Mississippi.\\nTuscumbia Landing, Madison parish, La., 10 miles\\nabove a small settlement. The lands in this vicinity yield\\nlarge crops of cotton.\\nYazoo River, Miss., 2 miles above, is formed by the\\njunction of Tallahatche and Yalabusha rivers in Carroll co.,\\nand flowing through a fertile soil, southwesterly for the dis-\\ntance of 280 miles, enters the Mississippi 12 miles above\\nVicksburg. It is navigable for 130 miles, and bears to\\nmarket a vast amount of cotton.\\nMilliken s Bend, Jladison parish, La., 21 miles above.\\nSeveral valuable plantations are situated adjoining this point*\\nBruns-wick Landing, Warren oo.. Miss., 11 miles above;\\na landing-place for plantation stores.\\nTallulah, capital of Issaquena co., Misg., 25 miles above;\\na place of little importance, except as county-seat. Pop.\\nabout 350.\\nProvidence, capital of Carroll parish. La., 4 miles above\\npleasantly located, and enjoys considerable trade with the\\ninterior towns. Pop. about 450.\\nLake Providence, a short distance west of Providence, consists of an\\nancient bed of the Mississippi river, which has talien a different course\\nand in the north and south part, the entrance from the river is entirely closed.\\nIts outlet to the south forms Tensas river. The lake at present is 7 mOes\\nlong.\\nBunches Bend, in the same parish, 16 miles above a large\\nbend of 18 miles circuit. There is sufficient depth of water in\\nthe direct channel for the largest boats to pass.\\nLouisiana and Arkansas State Line, 2 miles above.\\nPrinceton, capital of Washington co.. Miss., 11 miles\\nabove a thriving village, enjoying a brisk trade with the back\\ncountiy. It exports considerable cotton. Pop. about 450.\\nGrand Lake, Chicot co.. Ark., 5 miles above a pleasant\\nsteamboat landing-place for large quantities of plantation\\nstores.\\nPoint Worthington, Washington co., Miss., 4 miles\\nabove a fine steamboat-landing, surrounded by a fine settle-\\nment of wealthy planters.\\nLakeport, Chicot co., Ark., 19 miles above; a settlement\\nof a few houses.\\nGreenville, capital of Washington co., Miss., 9 miles\\nabove a small village, having little business aside from the\\nlaw transactions of the county. Pop. about 300.\\nColujubia, a post village, capital of Chicot co.. Ark., 8", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KIYEE. 53\\nmiles above well laid-out has a good landing, from which\\na large amount of cotton is shipped Pop. about 450.\\nYellow Bend Landing, Chicot co., Ark., 27 miles\\nabove, at a sharp bend in the river. The low wet lands in the\\nvicinity are not very productive.\\nBolivar (Court House), capital of Bolivar co., Miss.,\\n26 miles above owing to the lowness of the adjacent lands,\\nthis place has little business aside from that pertaining to the\\ncounty. Farther in the interior, the soil is very fertile.\\nNapoleon, capital of Desha co.. Ark., 12 miles above;\\nfavorably situated below, and near the mouth of the Arkansas\\nriver. It has an active river trade, exporting largis quantities\\nof cotton. The trade with the interior is very considerable.\\nThe United States government has erected a substantial ma-\\nrine hospital. From its favorable position at the mouth of a\\ngreat river, it will continue to increase in population and\\nwealth. Pop. 1850, 239; 1856, about 900.\\nArkansas River, Ark. a large river of the west, and,\\nnext to Missouri, the largest tributary of the Mississippi. It\\nrises in the rocky mountains, its extreme source interlocking\\nwith that of the Del Norte, near the boundaries between Utah,\\nNebraska, and New Mexico, in latitude 42\u00c2\u00b0 north. It has a\\ngeneral southeasterly course, except about 100 miles east of\\nEort\\\\ Smith, where it has an easterly course, and runs through\\nthe central part of Arkansas. After an entire course of 2225\\nmiles, it enters the Mississippi in latitude 33\u00c2\u00b0 40 north, just\\nabove Napoleon, 620 miles above New Orleans, and 420\\nmiles below the mouth of the Ohio. Unobstructed by rocks,\\nshoals, and rapids, it is navigable during most of the year, for\\nlarge steamboats, for the distance of 950 miles, and for\\nFlats, 350 miles farther. The countrj- watered by this river\\nin its upper parts is sterile, but for 1000 miles from its mouth\\nit is fertile, and on its alluvial border it is rich. The surface\\ndrained by this river, and its tributaries, is estimated at\\n175,000 square miles. Near Little Eock an abundance of\\nstone coal is found. There are several growing towns situated\\nalong the banks of this river the most important are named\\nbelow.\\nArkansas Post (post of Arkansas^ capital of Arkansas co., pleasantly\\nsituated on a high bluff of sterile lanci, and has extensive flats in the rear,\\ninundated at certain seasons of the year by White river. It is situated 50\\nmiles from the mouth of the river, was settled by the French in 1685, and\\nlong occupied as a depot by the Western Fur Company. Pop. about 600.\\nPine Bluff, capital of Jefl erson co., Arkansas, 240 miles from the mouth\\nof the Arkansas river; a thriving village, situated in the midst of the cotton-\\ngrowing region has a good landing. Pop. about 650.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "5 i PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.\\nLittle Rock, capital of Pulaski co., and capital of Arkansas pleasantly\\nsituated on the south hank of ihe river, on a high rocky bluff from 150 to\\nVOO feet al)ove the river at high water, and is the first place where rocks\\noccur above its mouth. It is regularly laid out, and contains some elegant\\nbuildings, among which are the etatehouse, U. S. arsenal, etate penitentiary,\\nmasonic and oddfellow s hall, and several church edifices. There are sev-\\neral superior slate quarries in the vicinity, and excellent granite and good\\nclay for brick, exist a short distance from the town. The town is gradually\\nadvancing in population and wealth. Pop., 186(1, 2.160 1856, 3,800.\\nClarksville, capital of Johnson co., Ark., is a thriving village, pleas-\\nantlj situated on the north bank of the river. It contains the county build-\\nings and U. S. land-office. Pop. about 400.\\nVan Buren, capital of Crawford co., Ark., 4 miles east qf Indian terri-\\ntory, and 186 miles above Little Rock delightfully situated on the northern\\nbank of the river. Besides its active river business, it has a large trade with\\nmerchants living far in the interior. The town contains 1 cotton-mill, 1\\nlarge flouring-mill, several church edifices, and the county buildings. Pop.\\nabout 2,000.\\nFort Smith, capital of Sebastian co., Ark., a thriving village on the south\\nside of Arkansas river, a short distance from the western boundary of the\\nstate, and 4 miles west of Van Buren. The U. S. have a garrison at this\\npoint. A brisk trade with the adjacent Indian tribes has added much to\\nthe wealth of the place. Pop. about 1,800.\\nNote. Tlie country bej ^ond this point along the river for a great dis-\\ntance, is owned by the Cherokee and Choctaw Indians consequently Fort\\nSmith is the last town on the Arkansas of anynote.\\n^Wliite River, 18 miles above the mouth of the Arkansas,\\nrises in a ridge called the Oztirk mountains, in the northwest\\npart of Arkansas. Heceivinj^ a number of tributaries, it\\nenters Missouri, in Barry county, and, flowing 110 miles,\\nagain enters Arkansas, in Carroll county, and after receiving\\nBlack, Red, and several smaller rivers, it enters the Missis-\\nsippi, in Desha county, 18 miles above the mouth of the\\nArkansas. About 7 miles from its mouth, it is connected,\\nthrough an inundated forest, by a bayou, with the Arkansas\\nriver. This river has a general southeast course, is very cir-\\ncuitous, and boatable for 400 miles, to Batesville, Indepen-\\ndence county. Its entire length is 850 miles, and most of its\\ncourse is tlu ough a fertile agricultural, and rich mineral\\nregion.\\nMontgomery s Point, Desha co., Ark.., 1 mile above\\na landing-place for plantation stores has a few houses, and\\nexports considerable cotton.\\nVictoria, Bolivar co., Miss., 1 mile above; a small unim-\\nportant steamboat-landing.\\nConcordia, Bolivar co.. Miss., 1 mile above; landing-\\nplace for goods situated at the northwest corner of the county.\\nLavonia, Desha co.. Ark., 3 miles above; a settlement\\nof a few houses.\\nHorse-Shoe Bend, Koahomaco., Miss. a large bend in the river, in the\\nform of a horse-shoe. About one half of the river only takes this route,\\nallowing a direct channel for the largest boats. At the eastern extremity\\nof this bend, there is a small settlement and a landing, called Port Royal.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "PLACES ;)N THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. 55\\nDelta, capital of Koahoma co., Miss., 60 miles above\\nLaronia, at the entrance of the Yazoo into the Mississippi.\\nA small village. Pop. about 200.\\nYazoo Pass or Bayou, Tunica river, and Moon or\\nHorse-shoe lake a large sluggish stream, extending a consid-\\nerable distance from the river, and navigable for cotton boats\\nit enters the river just above Delta.\\nHelena, capital of Philips co., Ark., 11 miles above. Be-\\nsides the county buildings, it has some fine private residences.\\nIt is gradually recovering from the effects of a devastating\\nfire that visited this place in 1852. Pop., 1850, 614.\\nStirling,, in the same co., 10 miles above; a small post\\nvillage, at the mouth of the St. Francis river.\\nSt. Francis River, Mo. and Ark. rises in St. Francis co,,\\nMo., and, flowing south, enters Arkansas, and after receiving\\nseveral tributaries, enters the Mississippi just above Stirling.\\nIt is 340 miles long, and navigable during high water for 180\\nmiles. It passes through many swamps and lakes, yet its\\nwaters are remarkably clear, and abound with fine fish.\\nPeyton, Tunica co.. Miss., 15 miles above; a pleasant,\\nthriving settlement. Pop. about 150.\\nAustin, capital of Tunica co.. Miss., 13 miles above; a\\nvillage of some 25 houses considerable produce is shipped\\nfrom this point.\\nConmierce, Tunica co., Miss., 17 miles above; a small\\nsettlement, situated on a sharp bend in the river; a large\\namount of plantation stores are landed here.\\nHorfolk, De Soto co., Miss., 11 miles above; situated at\\nthe foot of the first Cod Island an unimportant landing-place.\\nMississippi and Tennessee State Line, 4 miles above.\\nPickering, Shelby co., Tenn., 11 miles above, and 2\\nmiles below Memphis. It contains a number of warehouses\\nand dwellings, and is quite a shipping-port for cotton.\\nMEMPHIS CITY,\\nAnd port of entry, Shelby co., Tenn., 2 miles above. This\\nis the largest town in West Tennessee, beautifully situated\\non the fourth Chickasaw bluff, on the eastern bank of the\\nriver, 798 miles above New Orleans, and 417 miles below the\\nmouth of the Ohio. The splendid plateau on which the city\\nis built, is elevated 35 feet above high Avater, and its base is\\nwashed by the river for the distance of 2| miles. This bluff\\nrests on a bed of limestone, which rises gradually from the\\nriver, forming a superior landing. It is not only one of the", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "56 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KIVER.\\nmost pleasantly-situated toAviis on the river, but is the most\\nprosperous, and has the greatest inland and river trade of any\\npoint on the river from St. Louis to New Orleans. It has\\ngreatly increased in population and wealth within the last ten\\nyears. Memphis, from its being the great shipping port for\\ncotton for a great distance along the river from the fact that\\nthe largest ships can ascend to its wharves from the enter-\\nprise of its citizens in commercial and mechanical pursuits\\nfrom its being the tenninus of the Memphis and Charleston\\nrailroad and from the establishment in it of a national naval\\ndepot, is destined to become a large city. Already, her blocks\\nof splendid warehouses, extensive ship-yards, churches, banks,\\ncollege, academy, and other public and private buildings her\\nflouring-mills, manufactories of cotton, c.; and her news-\\npaper publishing offices, are a sure indication of her growing\\nprosperity. Pop., 1850, 8,841 1856, about 14,000.\\nWolf River rises in Tippah co.. Miss., and bears a north-\\neasterly course until it enters Tennessee thence it flows north-\\nwest and west, entering the Mississippi at Memphis. Length,\\n130 miles navigable only for a short distance.\\nGreenock, Crittenden co.. Ark., 22 miles above a pleas-\\nant landing-place for plantation stores.\\nRandolpb, Tipton co., Tenn., 45 miles above a settle-\\nment of a few houses, situated just above the Chickasaw\\nbluffs, which rise abruptly from the river.\\nHatclie River, Tenn., rises in Tippah co., Mississippi,\\nand, passing into Tennessee, enters the Mississippi a short\\ndistance above Randolph.\\nPulton, Lauderdale co., Tenn., 12 miles above; a small\\nsettlement, situated on elevated ground has a good landing\\nfor steamboats. Pop., about 150.\\nOsceola, capital of Mississippi co.. Ark., 11 miles above;\\na place of little note, except as county-seat.\\nAsliport, Lauderdale co., Tenn., 10 miles above; a thri-\\nving village, having a brisk river trade. Pop. about 350.\\nForked Deer River, Tenn., 2 miles above; rises in\\nMcNairy co., and, flowing northwest until it unites with the\\nnorth fork in Dyer co., whence it has a southwest course till\\nit enters 1;he Mississippi, in Lauderdale county navigable to\\nJackson, Madison co., 110 miles.\\nNeedham s Cut-Off, Tenn., and mouth of the Obion\\nriver, 9 miles above. The Obion river is about 165 miles in\\nlength, and navigable for small boats 40 miles from its mouth.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KIVBR. 57\\nLittle Prairie, New Madrid co., Mo., 22 miles above;\\nthe steamboat-landing for the southern part of the county;\\nsettlement small.\\nWalker s Bend, in the same co., 5 miles above a sharp\\nbend in the river opposite Island No. 15.\\nRiddles s Point, in the same co, 15 miles above a land-\\ning-place for plantation stores, and for the shipment of prod-\\nuce situated at a sharp angle in the river.\\nPoint Pleasant, in the same co., 8 miles above a small\\nsettlement, having considerable river trade. Pop. about 150.\\nNew Madrid, capital of the county of the same name, 2\\nmiles above. The village is situated on somewhat elevated\\nground, at a sharp curve in the river. The soil is gradually\\nwearing away, which is an impediment to the growth of the\\nplace. It has one of the best landings on the river. The\\nexports of corn, cattle, and lumber, from this point, are\\ngreat. Several earthquakes materially injured this place in\\n1811. Settled in 1792. Pop. about 500.\\nTennessee and Kentucky State Line, 16 miles above,\\nat a sharp bend of the river.\\nHickman, formerly Mill s Point, capital of Fulton co.,\\nKy., 31 miles above; a flourishing village, having a good\\nlanding, several large warehouses and stores, and a bank also\\nan active river trade, in the shipment of produce. Pop.\\nabout 750.\\nWolf Island, 11 miles above; a large island in the river,\\non which are the remains of Fort Jefferson, which was erected\\nduring the war of the Revolution. Extensive chalk banks\\nexist on the Kentucky shore.\\nColumbus, Hickman co., Ky., 3 miles above. This thri-\\nving village has an active trade with the interior. On the\\nnorth of the village, extensive iron banks extend along the\\nriver, for the distance of a mile. Pop. about 200.\\nB aid-win ville, Mississippi co.. Mo. a small pleasant set-\\ntlement, nearly opposite Columbus. Pop. about 200.\\nNorfolk, in the same co., 12 miles above a small settle-\\nment of some 20 houses.\\nOhio River, 4 miles above. See page 61.\\nCairo, 111. See page 97.\\nOhio City, Mississippi co., Mo., on the west side of the\\nMississippi, opposite the mouth of the Ohio. The gi-owth of\\nthe village has been much retarded by its low situation, as a\\npart of the village is inundated during the season of the\\ngreatest flood.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "58 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVEK.\\nNew Philadelphia, Scott co., Mo., 20 miles above a\\nsmall settlement, and landing-place for steamboats, at the foot\\nof Power s Island. Pop. about 125.\\nCommerce, in the same co., 8 miles above a village of\\nconsiderable promise, with a good landing. Pop. about 150.\\nThebes, capital of Alexander co., 111., 2 miles above a\\nsmall growing village. Pop. about 200.\\nCape Girardeau, capital of Girardeau co.. Mo., 10 miles\\nabove a village well situated for trade, with a good landing,\\nfrom which much produce is shipped. Pop. about 400.\\nBainbridge, in the same co., 11 miles above a small un-\\nimportant settlement. Pop. about 150.\\nHamburg, Union co., 111., nearly opposite Bainbridge a\\npleasant village, advantageously situated has a good landing.\\nPop. about 450.\\nUnion Point, 13 miles above, in the same co. merely a\\nsteamboat-landing.\\nBig Muddy River, 111., 3 miles above, rises in Jefferson\\nCO., 111., and, flowing in a south and southwesterly direction\\nfor 75 miles, falls into the Mississippi, in Union co. The\\nriver is navigable a short distance only, by reason of several\\nfalls near its mouth.\\nBreesville, Jackson co., 111., 6 miles above a small settle-\\nment of 20 houses pleasant location, and fine landing.\\nWittemberg, Perry co., Mo., nearly opposite Breesville\\na small thriving settlement. Pop. about 150.\\nDevil s Bake Oven and Grand Tower, 1 mile above.\\nThe Bake Oven consists of a large excavation in the rocks,\\nonce occupied by the Indians, who committed fearful depre-\\ndations on the boatmen, as they passed up the river. The\\nGrand Tower consists of high, precipitous, and craggy\\nrocks, rising abruptly from the river, presenting a fine ap-\\npearance.\\nFountain Bluff, Jackson co.. 111., opposite Grand Tower, is\\na high precipitous mass of rock, extending along the river for\\nsome distance. The origin of the name is unknown.\\nLiberty, Kandolph co., HI., 20 miles above a prosperous\\nvillage. Pop. about 300.\\nChester, capital of Randolph co., 6 miles above, and 1\\nmile below the mouth of the Kaskaskia river pleasantly situ-\\nated on an elevated strip of bottom land at the foot of the\\nbluffs, and is a commercial depot for the back country, and the\\nshipping pt)rt of the county. Pop. 1850, 513; 1856, about\\n1000.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVEK. 59\\nKaskaskia River, HI., 1 mile above, rises in Champaign\\nCO., 111., and after a south-southwesterly course of 300 miles,\\nenters the Mississippi in Randolph co., 72 miles below St.\\nLouis. It is navigable during a moderate stage of the water,\\nto Vandalia, 15 miles.\\nKaskaskia, capital of Kaskaskia co., 111., situated 6 miles up the Kaskas-\\nkia river a prosperous village, having a good country trade. It was set-\\ntled by the French about the year 1683; and in 1763, when ceded to Great\\nBritain, it^conlained 100 families. Pop. about 650.\\nSt. Mary s Landing, Perry co.. Mo., 3 miles above a\\nthriving settlement of 20 houses.\\nSt. Genevieve City, capital of St. Genevieve co., 8 miles\\nabove, on Gabouise creek, a short distance from the Missis-\\nsippi. The inhabitants are mostly French, who first settled\\nthe place. A plank road connects it with the Iron mountains,\\n40 miles distant. It has an active trade in lead, copper, and\\nmarble, and is quite prosperous. Pop. of toAvn, 1853, 2,258;\\nof city, about 1,700.\\nFort Chartres, Randolph co.. 111., 12 miles above the\\nremains of an old JFrench fort now in ruins.\\nRush To wer, Jeiferson co.. Mo., 10 miles above a steam-\\nboat-landing and contains some 20 houses.\\nSelma, in the same co., 5 miles above except as a steam-\\nboat-landing, it is of but little importance.\\nHerculaneum, in the same co., 3 miles above, and, 34\\nmiles below St. Louis; pleasantly situated, and the ship-\\nping port for the immense quantities of lead smelted in the\\nvicinity. There are several extensive shot factories in the\\nneighborhood. Pop. 700.\\nHarrisonville, Monroe co., 111., 1 mile above a small\\nthriving settlement. Pop. of town, 1850, 462.\\nClifton, Jefferson co.. Mo., 5 miles above a settlement of\\na few houses.\\nSulphur Springs, in the same co., 3 miles above.\\nMarimeo River, Mo., 3 miles above, rises in Dent and\\nWashington cos., and, after a very circuitous course, enters\\nthe Mississippi 22 miles below St. Louis. Navigable only for\\na short distance.\\nOakville, St. Louis co.. Mo., 5 miles above a growing\\nvillage has a fine landing.\\nJefferson Barracks, St. Louis co.. Mo., 6 miles above,\\nand 11 miles below St. Louis a prosperous village, and large\\nmilitary station. Pop. 1850, 924.\\nCarondolet, St. Louis co., 4 miles above a suburb of St.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "60 PLACES ON THE MISSISSIPPI KIVER,\\nLouis, well situated, and rapidly increasing. Pop. 1850,\\n2,009.\\nCahokia, St. Clair co., 111., 4 miles above, and 3 miles\\nbelow St. Louis an old French settlement, and one of the\\nearliest in the state, having been established about 1683. At\\nthe commencement of the war of 1776, it contained 50 fami-\\nlies, and was the seat of a large fur trade.\\nIllinois town, in the same co., 3 miles above, opposite\\nSt. Louis a thriving village, and the terminus of the rail-\\nroads connecting this point with all the cities east, northeast,\\nand southeast of St. Louis. Pop. about 900.\\nSt. Iiouis, 3 miles above Cahokia. See page 15.\\nLady Wortley, in her Travels in America, describes the appearance of\\nthe Mississippi at night, as follows By night, the scene is one of start-\\nli!;g interest and magical splendor. Hundreds of lights are glancing in\\ndifferent directions from the villages and towns, farms and plantations, on\\nEhore, and from the magnificent floating palaces of steamers, that frequently\\nlook like moving mountains of light and flame, so brilliantly are these\\nenormous river leviathans illuminated, outside and inside. Indeed, the\\nspectacle presented is like a dream of enchantment. Imagine steamer after\\nsteamer coursino^, sweeping, sounding, thundering on, blazing with these\\nthousands of lights, casting long brilliant reflections on the fast rolling wa-\\nters beneath. There are often a number of them, one after the other, like so\\nmany comets in Indian file some of these are so marvellous and dazzling-\\nly lighted, they really look like Aladdin s palace on fire, sent skurrying\\naiid dashing down the stream, while, perhaps, just then, all else is darknesa\\niouud it. I delighted too, in seeing, as you frequently do, the twinkling\\nlights in the numerous cottages and homesteads dotted here and there and\\nyou observe large wood-fires lit on the banks, looking like merry-making\\nbonfires. These are signals for steamers to stop to take up passengers,\\ngoods, and animals.\\nNote. Taking St. Louis as our stand-point, and looking with the mind s\\neye toward every point of ihe compass, We have some proper conception\\nof the vast territorial extent of our giant republic, which is ten times aa\\nlarge as that of Great Britian and France combined three times as large as\\nIhe^ whole of France, Britain, Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Belgium,\\nHolland, and Denmark together one and a half times as large as the Rus-\\neian empire in Europe, and only one-sixth less than the area covered by 60\\ntitates and empires of Europe.\\nThe entire area is as follows Square\\nArea of the Pacific slope, or of the region watered by rivers miles.\\nfalling into the Pacific 778,266\\nArea of the Mississippi Valley, or of the region watered by the\\nMississippi and Missouri, and their tributaries 1,237,311\\nArea of the Atlantic slope proper 637,100\\nArea of the Atlantic slope, including only the waters fall-\\ning into the Gulf of Mexico, west of the Mississippi 183,646\\nArea of the Atlantic slope, including only the waters fall-\\ning into the Gulf of Mexico, east of the Mississippi. 146,830\\n967,576\\nTotal area of the United States and territories in 1853 2,983,153\\nThe interaal trade of the U. S. is of vast extent. Its value amounted, in\\n1C53 (Lake and Western River trade), to more than $500,000,000, in which\\nabout 11,000,000 of our people are directly or indirectly interested. Pop\\ni)f the United States In 1856, 28,000,000.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "PLACES OH THE OHIO.\\nTHE OHIO RIVER.\\nIf we take into view the great length of this river, the im-\\nmense population found along its banks, the richness of soil\\nthrough which it flows, and the vast extent of surface that it\\ndrains, it stands the first in North America (excepting the\\nMississippi). It is formed by the confluence of the Alleghany\\nfrom the northeast, and the Monongahela from the southeast,\\nat Pittsburg. The derivation of its name is somewhat\\nobscure. The Wyandots gave it a name pronounced by the\\nFrench 0-he-zah, which signifies great or grand to look upon\\nfinally, in the boat-songs of the Indians, it was pronounced\\nOhio. After leaving Pittsburg, it runs a short distance to\\nthe northwest, then proceeding in a direction west-southwest,\\ndividing the states of Virginia and Kentucky on the south,\\nfrom Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, on the north, enters the\\nMississippi at Cairo, 1,009 miles from Pittsburg, 175 miles\\nbelow St. Louis, 1,000 below St. Anthony s Falls, and 1,040\\nmiles above New Orleans, It has a descent in its whole\\ncourse of 406 feet, making an average of a fraction less than\\n5 inches in a mile the current therefore is very gentle, being\\nnot over 2| to 3 miles per hour, except in high water, Avhen\\nits velocity is frequently from 6 to 8 miles. The only consider-\\nable falls are found at Louisville, where there is a descent of 22\\nfeet in 2 miles. In high water boats pass the falls with safety.\\nAround these falls a canal has been constructed, admitting\\nthe largest steamboats to pass. The width of the river varies\\nfrom 300 to 1,200 yards. Opposite Cincinnati, it is 800 yards,\\nwhich is about its average, until it enters the Mississippi.\\nThe Ohio contains about 120 islands, most of which are over-\\nflowed during high water, besides numerous other sandy beds\\ncovered with a small growth of willows. The navigation\\nabove Louisville is frequently obstructed by floating ice during\\nthe winter months, but a more serious obstruction always\\nexists during the dry seasons, when the large boats are laid\\nup, and only the smallest passenger-boats can ascend to Cin-\\ncinnati and Pittsburg. Probably no river on this continent,\\nexcept those entering the Pacific, experiences so great a rise", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "62 PLACES ON THE OHIO EIVEK.\\nduring severe rains, as the Ohio from low-water mark the\\nrise is frequently 45 feet, and in a few instances it has been\\nas high as 60 feet. Over 250,000 square miles, most of which\\nis of the richest soil, are drained by this river. While some\\nsections of this stream present a very monotonous appear-\\nance, others are interspersed with hill and mountain scenery,\\nhighly picturesque and delightful.\\n[The Alleghany rises in Potter county, Pennsylvania, on the\\nwest side of the Alleghany mountains, flowing into Cattarau-\\ngus county. New York, and returns into Pennsylvania and\\nafter a course of 320 miles, unites with the Monongahela,\\nat Pittsburg, forming the Ohio. It is navigable for boats 255\\nmiles to Olean, New York. From the immense forests bor-\\ndering upon the Alleghany, a vast amount of lumber is pro-\\nduced, giving employment to hundreds of men. This lumber\\nfinds a ready market on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. Im-\\nmense coal-fields exist betAveen the Alleghany and Monon-\\ngahela rivers.\\nThe Monongahela is formed by the West Fork and Tyart s\\nValley rivers, which rise in Randolph co., Virginia, and unite\\nin Marion county and after ninning a north and northwest-\\nerly course of 165 miles, unites with the Alleghany at Pitts-\\nburg. It receives several tributaries, affording extensive water-\\npower it is 280 yards wide at the mouth of the Cheat river,\\nand 400 yards at Pittsburg. Boats run from Pittsburg to\\nBrownsville, Payette county, Pennsylvania. Water-power is\\nabundant on tliis river.]\\nNote. The remaining important tributaries of the Ohio\\nwill be described in the order they enter the river.\\nPITTSBURG,\\nCapital of Alleghany co., Penn., one of the great cities of the\\nWest, and port of entry, is situated at the confluence of the\\nAlleghany and Monongahela rivers, where they form the\\nOhio which is here 400 yards wide. It is 357 miles west of\\nPhiladelphia, 139 southeast of Cleveland, 476 east-northeast\\nof Cincinnati, and 225 miles northwest of Washington, It is\\nbuilt on a beautiful plain, between the two rivers, in the fonn\\nof a triangle, and surrounded by hills of inexhaustible bitu-\\nminous coal easily mined, affording fuel to carry on the vast\\nmanufacturing establishments, for which this American Bir-\\nmingham is so justly celebrated. The city, which is com-\\npactly built, was first laid out in 1765, on the northeast bank\\nof the Monongahela, after tiie plan of Philadelphia, with", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "TLACES ON THE OHIO RIYER, 63\\nstreets running parallel with the river, and crossed by others\\nat right angles. The streets on the Alleghany also run par-\\nallel with the river, and are crossed by streets at right angles\\nthe cross streets meet each other obliquely a few streets back\\nof the river. At great expense, several bridges have been\\nthrown across both the rivers, affording easy access to the\\nadjacent villages. The commerce of this port is very exten-\\nsive. The exports consist of iron, in pigs, castings, blooms,\\nbars, nails, glass, hardware, cutlery, and all kinds of produce.\\nThe imports comprise most articles used for home consump-\\ntion. Among the public buildings of Pittsburg, the court-\\nhouse, of massive granite, on Grant s hill, a very commanding\\nsituation, is a splendid edifice, 165 feet long, and 100 feet\\nbroad, of the Grecian Doric order, and cost $200,000 tlie\\nbuilding of the Western University of Pennsylvania, near\\nGrant s hill the museum, which contains many aboriginal\\ncuriosities the new customhouse, at the corner of Smithfield\\nand Fifth streets the markets the Monongahela house and\\nseveral other edifices, together with the numerous private man-\\nsions, testify to the taste and enterprise of the place. The\\nmagazine of the fort, built in 1764, remained entire until very\\nrecently, Pittsburg was named after Pitt, the prime minister\\nof England. Since its settlement in 1780, it has progressed\\nrapidly in population, until it is now the tenth in the Union.\\nPop., 1810, 4,768; 1820, 7,248; 1830, 12,542; 1840,21,115;\\n1850, 46,601. By a recent local census, Tittsburg and its\\nenvirons contained a population of 110,266.\\nAmong- the thrilling events of Indian and civilized warfare that trans-\\npired during the eighteenth century, near this point, we have only room for\\nthe following sketch, taken from the events of the Old French War.\\nEarly in 17.55, Genei-al Braddock, an Irish officer of distinction, arrived in\\nthe Chesapeake bay with two regiments of his countrymen. He had been\\nappointed commander-in-chief of all the British forces in America; and, at\\nIns request, six colonial states met in convention at Alexandria, to make\\narrangements for a vigorous campaign. Three separate expeditions were\\nplanned, the one against Fort du-Quesne (Pittsburg) to be led by Brad-\\ndock. On the 10th of June, 1755, this expedition stalled from Wills Creek\\n(Cumberland). His force consisted of 2000 men, British and Provincials.\\nCol. (General) Washington, then 23 years of age, had consented to act as\\nBraddock s principal aid. and to him was given the command of the pro-\\nvincials. Knowing, far better than Braddock, the perils of their march, he\\nventured modestly to give his advice,jtfounded on his experience (having,\\ntwo years previous to this, been sent by the royal governor of Virginia to\\ndemand a cessation of the hostile movements of the French south of Lake\\nErie) but the haughty general would listen to no suggestions, especially\\nfrom a provincial subordinate. This obstinacy proved his ruin. When\\nwithin 10 miles of Fort du Quesne, in fancied security, at noon, July 9, on\\nthe south side of the Monongahela, a volley of bullets, and a cloud of arrows\\nassailed the advanced guard, under Lieut. Col. Gage. They came from a\\nthicket and ravine close by, where a thousand dusky warriors lay in ambush.\\nAgain Washington asked permission to fight according to the provincial", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "64 PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVER.\\ncustom, but was refused. Braddock must manoeuvre according: to European\\ntactics, or not at all. For three hours, deadly volley after volley fell upon\\ntiie British columns, vchile Braddock attempted to maintain order where all\\nwas confusion. The slain soon covered the ground. Every mounted offi-\\ncer but Washingfton was killed or maimed, and, finally, the brave Braddock\\nhimself, after having several horses shot under him, was mortally wounded.\\n(Braddock was shot by Thomas Faucett, one of the provincial soldiers; his\\nplea was self-preservation. Braddock had issued a positive order, that\\nnone of the English should protect themselves behind trees as the French\\nand Indians did. Faucett s brother had taken such position, and when\\nBraddock perceived it, he struck him to the earth with his sword. Thomas,\\non seeing his brother fall, shot Braddock in the back, and then the provin-\\ncials, fighting as they pleased, were saved from utter destruction.) Wash-\\nington remained unhurt. Under his direction the provincials rallied, while\\nthe regulars, seeing their general fall, were fleeing in great confusion. The\\nprovincials covered their retreat so gallantly, that the enemy did not follow.\\nWashington, with the southern provincials, returned to Virginia.\\nDr. Craik, who was with Washington at this time, and also attended him\\nin his last illness, says that, while in the Ohio country with him, fifteen\\nyears afterward, an old Indian chief came, as he said, a long way to see\\nthe Virginia colonel, at whom he firfed his rifle fifteen times during the bat-\\ntle of the Monongahela, without hitting him. Washington was nevsr\\nwounded in battle.\\nAilegliaiiy City, opposite Pittsburg, fronting the river,\\nand the principal suburb of Pittsburg, is a place of considera-\\nble trade, and is largely engaged in manufactures. The West-\\nern Penitentiary of Pennsjdvania, erected at great expense,\\nis located here; also the Western Theological Seminary,\\nwhich occupies a commanding eminence, overlooking the\\nsurrounding country. The building is 150 feet long, the\\ncentre four stories, and the wings three stories high and it\\nhas a valuable library. Alleghany city has many splendid\\nresidences, and is well supplied with churches, academies and\\nschools. Pop. 1850, 21,262.\\nBirmingham Borough, is another important suburb of\\nPittsburg, lying on the south side of the Monongahela, about\\n1| miles from the centre of Pittsburg. It is largely engaged\\nin the glass, iron, and pottery manufacture. Population, in-\\ncluding East Birmingham, 1850, 5,356.\\nMaiich8.ster, borough of Reserve township, Alleghany\\nCO., Pa., on the right bank of the Ohio, 2 miles below Pitts-\\nburgh. It is a place of recent growth. It is largely engaged\\nin the manufacture of India-rubber goods, oil-cloths, ploughs,\\nw^tgons, paper and hats. The United States Marine Hospital\\nis located just below the village. Pop. 1850, 1,755.\\nSe^wickly, or Sewicklyville, 5 miles below, on the\\nright, in Alleghany co., is a thriving place, with two semi-\\nnaries. Pop. about 950.\\nMiddletown, Alleghany co., Pa., 4 miles below, a small\\nvillage, possessing extensive water-power. Pop. of town 1,383.\\nEconom.y, Beaver co., Pa., on the right, 8 miles below, and", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVBE. 65\\n19 from Pittsburg. This singular settlement consists of Ger-\\nmans from Swabia (formerly under George Rapp, \\\\Yho acted\\nas patriarch and priest, and who died in 1847), who, after two\\nremovals, settled in this place. The Harmonists hold their\\nproperty in common, have a number of mills, and are noted\\nfor their industry and frugality. The village is regularly laid\\nout on two streets parallel to the river, and four streets crossing\\nthem at right angles. The village contains a concert hall,\\nmuseum of natural curiosities and minerals, a mathtiiiatical\\ndrawing-school, and a good library. Pop. 1850, 1,390.\\nBaden, Beaver co., Pa., 2 miles below, a small post-village,\\nwith a good landing; the Ohio and Pennsylvania railroad\\npasses through it. Pop. 400.\\nFreedGm Borough, Beaver co., Pa., 3 miles below, on\\nthe Ohio and Pennsylvania railroad. The village, built on\\nrising ground, is pleasantly situated, and has a steam-boiler\\nand boat manufactory. Pop. 1850, 524.\\nRochester Borough, Beaver co., Pa., 5 miles beloAv, on\\nthe left bank of Beaver river, at its. entrance into the Ohio,\\nand on the line of the Ohio and Pennsylvania railroad an\\nenterprising village. Pop. 1850, y93.\\nBeaver River is formed by two main branches, the Ma-\\nhoning, which rises in Ohio, and the Shenang in Pennsyl-\\nvania. It enters the Ohio river near the town of Beaver.\\nThe main river has a course of about 25 miles, and to its\\nsources, of about 80 miles. The Pennsylvania and Ohio\\ncanal, which enters the Ohio at Beaver, with the Ohio canal\\nat Akron, passes along the valley of this river.\\nBeaver Borough, capital of Beaver co.. Pa., 29 miles\\nfrom Pittsburg, near the mouth of the Beaver river, is de-\\nlightfully situated on a plain 3 miles in length by 1 in breadth.\\nThe extensive water-power here enjoyed is improved by vari-\\nous manufacturing establishments. Pop. 1850, 2,054.\\nIndustry, Beaver co., Pa., 9 miles below; a thriving vil-\\nlage on the right bank of the river. Pop. 350.\\nGeorgetown, Beaver co.. Pa., 6 miles below, on the left\\nbank of the Ohio, containing an enterprising population of\\nabout 400.\\nGlasgow, Beaver co., Pa., on the right side of the Ohio,\\nnearly opposite Georgetown, is a new place, but from its favor-\\nable position, promises to become an important river point.\\nLiverpool, Columbiana co., O., 6 miles below, and 50\\nmiles from Pittsburg, on the right side of the Ohio river, is\\na thriving place, intersected by the Beaver canal. It is largely", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "0\\n6G PLACES ON THE OHIO KIVEK.\\nengaged in the earthen-ware manufacture. Population of\\ntown in 1850, 1,581.\\nWeiLsville, Yellow Creek town, Columbiana co., O., 6\\nmiles below, on the right, at the mouth of the Yellow Creek.\\nIt is the terminus of the Pittsburg and Cleveland railroad,\\nwhich is to be extended to Wheeling. It has several steam-\\nmills, exports a large amount of flour, and has an extensive\\ntrade with the intei ior. Pop. 1850, 1,546.\\nNe^ burg, in the same co., 4 miles below; a small steam-\\nboat-landing, with but few inhabitants.\\nBteubenville, capital of Jefferson co., 0., is situated\\non the west bank of the Ohio river, 16 miles below, and 75\\nmiles from Pittsburg, on an elevated plain, oveiiooking, and\\nsurrounded by, a rich and beautiful country. The town was\\nlaid out in 1798, with streets crossing each other at right\\nangles, and contains a bank, several churches, a courthouse,\\nmany elegant private residences, and several printing-offices\\nand employs 1,200 hands in manufactures. This town is\\nincreasing in wealth and population, and from its favorable\\nposition will become one of the great points of the West,\\nwhen the several railroads now in progress, that intersect\\nat this point, are completed. Pop. of the village in 1850,\\n6,140; of the town, 7,224.\\nWellsburg, capital of Brooke co., Va., 6 miles below,\\nat the mouth of Buffalo creek; it contains a courthouse,\\njail, county offices, market-house, the Jefferson female sem-\\ninary, and several manufactories valuable coal beds are\\nfound in the vicinity. Large quantities of flour and coal are\\nshipped from this point. Pop. 1850, 2,468.\\nLagrange, Jefferson co., 0. a small village, nearly\\nopposite Wellsburg. Pop., 1850, 363.\\nWarrenton, Wan-en T., Jefferson co., O., 1 mile below,\\non the Ohio, above the mouth of the Indian Short creek is a\\nsmall yet enterprising village. Pop. 1850, 292; of the T.,\\n1,626.\\nTiltonsville, in the above county, 1 mile below Warren-\\nton a small village of about 250 inhabitants.\\nBurlington, Belmont co., 0., 7 miles below; a small\\nthrifty village. Pop. about 250.\\nMartinsville, Belmont co., 0., S miles above Wheeling;\\ncontains two churches, several warehouses, and about 500\\ninhabitants.\\nBridgeport, Pease T., Belmont co.,. 0., 2 miles below,\\n126 miles east of Columbus, opposite Wheeling, Virginia, on", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVEE. 67\\nthe national road, along which it extends about half a mile.\\nIt has a number of warehouses and mills, and is a place of\\nconsiderable trade. Pop,, 1850, 150; 1856, 350.\\nWHEELING CITT,\\nPort of entry and capital of Ohio co., Va., 1 mile below is\\nfinely situated on the east bank of the Ohio river, and on\\nboth sides of Wheeling creek, 95 miles below Pittsburg, and\\n383 miles above Cincinnati. The national road passing\\nthrough this city, has long given notoriety to the place but\\nFince tlie construction of the several railroads that connect\\nthis point with Baltimore, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Cincin-\\nnati, and St. Louis, it has become one of the great centres of,\\nand gates to, the Great West and South. The city extends\\n1| miles along the river, and is the largest place in Western\\nVirginia. It was laid out in 1793, has received ten additions,\\nand now contains nearly 2,000 lots. Zane s island lies in the\\nOhio river, immediately in front of the town, contains 350\\nacres, and is connected by a bridge with the city. A large\\nnumber of steamboats are owned here, which, with many\\nothers constantly amving and departing, render it a lively\\nand enterprising river port. The Ohio river is here crossed\\nby one of the most beautiful wire-suspension bridges in the\\nworld, the span being 1,010 feet. The height of the tower is\\n153 feet above low-Avater mark, and 60 feet above the abut-\\nments. The bridge is supported by 12 wire cables, 4 inches\\nin diameter; total cost, $200,000. Wheeling is largely\\nengaged in the manufacture of iron, nails, glassware, cotton\\ngoods, paper, flour, woollens, silks, c., c. The city con-\\ntains the usual county buildings, several churches, academies,\\nand banks, with a large number of elegant private residences.\\nPop., 1850, 11,435.\\nWest Wheeling, Pultney, Belmont co., 0., 1 mile below;\\na small village of considerable entei-prise. Pop., 1850, 438.\\nBellaire, Belmont co., 0., 4 miles below; a small thiiving\\nvillage near the river.\\nEHziabethtown, capital of Marshall co., Va., 9 miles be-\\nlow situated on Grave creek, at its entrance into the Ohio,\\n14 miles below Wheeling. The village is considerably\\nelevated, and contains the usual county buildings, eeveral\\nchui ches, c. Here are very extensive ancient tumuli scat-\\ntered over a large plain consisting of one main mound, 106\\nfeet high and 400 yards in circumference, surrounded by a", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO EIVER. 69\\nditch, and encompassed by otlier similar smaller mounds.\\nPop., 1850, 496.\\nGrave Creek, Marshall co., Va., in connection with Eliza-\\nbethtown, forms the county seat the Big and Little Grave\\ncreeks enter the Ohio at this place.\\nArchville, Marshall co., Va., 5 miles below a thriving set-\\ntlement. Pop. small.\\nWoodland, in the same co., 2 miles below an unimpor-\\ntant village.\\nSteinesville and Powhattan Point, York town, Bel-\\nmont CO., 0., 2 miles below; are small villages. Population\\nunited, 361.\\nClearington, Salem town, Monroe co., 0., 2 miles below;\\na thriving village, at the mouth of Sunfish creek. Pop.,\\n1850, 341.\\nNew Martin.=\u00c2\u00bb\\\\alle, VVetsel co., Va., 11 miles below, at\\nthe mouth of the Fishing creek has a number of public build-\\nings, and about 350 inhabitants.\\nBisterville, Tyler co., Va., 8 miles below is a flourish-\\ning village, has a good landing, with an active trade with the\\ninterior; iron and coal are found in the neighborhood. Pop.\\nabout 1,200.\\nWittens, Monroe co., 0., 1 mile below; a small post-\\noffice settlement.\\nGrand View, Washington co., 0., 4 miles below; has a\\ngood landing and a fair trade. Pop. of town, 1,154.\\nNewport, in the same co., 8 miles below pleasantly situ-\\nated, presenting the appearance of much enterprise. Pop.\\nof town, 1850, 1,425.\\nLittle Muskingum River, 0., 13 miles below.\\nMarietta, capital of Washington co., 0., 6 miles below,\\nsituated on both sides of the Muskingum river, at its entrance\\ninto the Ohio it is regularly laid out with wide streets, and\\ncompactly and neatly built it has the usual county buildings,\\na lyceum, market-house, and female academy. The Marietta\\ncollegiate institute, founded in 1832, has an efficient faculty,\\nand a good libraiy. This is the oldest to ^vn in the state, having\\nbeen founded in 1788, and named in honor of Marie Antoi-\\nnette, the beautiful but unfortunate Queen of France. Many\\nancient mounds are found in the vicinity. Several of the\\npublic buildings arc handsome specimens of architecture, and\\nquite ornamental to the place. Considerable capital is here\\nemployed in manufactures. Pop., 1850, 3,175.\\nSoon after the settlement of Marietta commenced, the people began to\\nbuild a stockade fort, and named it Campus Martius. It was completed In", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO EIVEE. 71\\nthe winter of 1791. The wall formed a parallelogrHm, the sides of which\\nwere one hundred and eifjlity feet lonfr. At each corner was o strong\\nblock-house, twenty feet square. Within were a number of dweliin\\nhouses, which with the fort, were constructed of wood, whip-sawed into\\ntimber, four inches thick, and laid up as lofi--houses are.\\nMuskingum. River, one of the largest rivers which\\nnin wholly within tlie state, is formed by two main branches,\\nTuscarawas and White Woman s rivers, which unite at Cos-\\nhocton. The Tuscarawas rises in Medina county, near the\\nCuyahoga river, and a portage between them formerly gave\\nthe name of Portage town and county. The Muskingum\\nis navigable to Coshocton, 100 miles. It is obstructed by\\nfalls at Zanesville, where there is a canal, with a dam and\\nlocks, affording a great water-power. There is a slack-water\\nnavigation from Zanesville to Dresden, Avhere a side-cut 2^\\nmiles, connects the Muskingum river with the Ohio canal.\\nThe river runs through a rich agricultural country, and, at its\\nmouth, is 225 yards wide.\\nHanner, Washington co., 0., is situated on the Muskin-\\ngum river, at its mouth, opposite Marietta. The waters of\\nthe Muskingum are used for driving mills and other manu-\\nfactories. It occupies the site of Fort Harmer, the first forti-\\nfication erected by the Americans in the state of Ohio, and\\nnamed from its first commander. Pop. about 1,700.\\nVienna Landing, Va., a small village, 8 miles below the\\nmouth of the Muskingum river, contains about 200 inhabit-\\nants.\\nPai kersburg, capital of Wood co., Va., 5 miles below,\\nis situated on the north side of Little Kanawha river, at its\\njunction with the Ohio river, opposite Belpre in Ohio. It\\nis pleasantly located aiid well built. The Northwestern rail-\\nroad, a branch of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, terminates\\nhere. The village has the usual county buildings and several\\nchurches, and is a place of considerable enterprise and trade.\\nPop., 1850, 1,218.\\nBelpre, Belpre town, Washington co., 0., nearly opposite\\nParkersburg, is a small village, in a good agricultural region.\\nPop. of town, 1850, 1,622.\\nLittle Kanawha River, Va., a small river, entering the\\nOhio at Belpre.\\nBlennerliasset Island, 2 miles below Belpre a beauti-\\nful island in the Ohio river, celebrated as the scene of the\\nnoted Burr conspiracy. Here, in 1798, Herman Blennerhas-\\nset commenced and perfected improvements, rendering his\\nisland home almost an earthly paradise, when Aaron Burr,\\nin 1805, made his acquaintance and destroyed his earthly all.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "72 PLACES ON THE OPIIO KIVEK.\\nOhio, as well as the whole western country, became agita-\\nted by the alleged conspiracy of Burr to fomi a separate gov-\\nernment in the Mississippi valley, detached from the eastern\\nUnion. The arrest of Burr put an end to this alarm. What\\nmay have been the real design of Burr, in endeavoring to\\nraise an army in the west, it is not possible to determine.\\nOstensibly it was to seize on New Orleans, and to invade\\nMexico but it is generally believed that it was his intention\\nto sever the Union. Blenncrhasset, a man of wealth and in-\\nfluence, was a victim to his scheme. Burr was tried for\\ntreason in 1807, and acquitted for want of positive proof.\\nOne of the greatest specimens of forensic eloquence on record,\\nis found in Wirt s celebrated speech on the trial of Burr and\\nBlenncrhasset.\\nHockingport, Troy town, Athens co., 0., 13 miles below\\nBlenncrhasset island, on the north side of the Hockhocking\\nriver, at its junction with the Ohio river, is a small enterprising\\nvillage of 300 inhabitants. Pop. of town, 1850, 1,221.\\nHockhocking River, rises in Fairfield county, in the\\nsoutheast central part of the state of Ohio, and, flowing in a\\nsoutheasterly direction, enters the Ohio river at Hockingport.\\nExcepting the lower falls and mill-dams, it is boatablc for 70\\nmiles. It aflbrds excellent mill-sites, having a fall near its\\nsource of 40 feet perpendicularly. The river flows through a\\nrich country, and a great variety of Indian mounds are found\\nalong its banks.\\nBelleville, Wood co., Va. a small settlement, 4 miles\\nbelow Hockingport has a good landing, and about 200 in-\\nhabitants. Events of great historic interest took place in and\\naround this point, in connection with the Indians, from 1785\\nto 1800.\\nMurraysville, Wood co., Va., 6 miles below, is a small,\\nunimportant village, of about 225 inhabitants.\\nShade River (formerly Devil s Hole), Olive town,\\nMeigs CO., 0., a small settlement, situated at the mouth of the\\nShade river, 2 miles below. Pop. of town, 1853, 924.\\nRavenswood, Jackson co., Va., 11 miles below Mun-ays-\\nville; an enterprising village at the mouth of Sand creek,\\nwell situated in the midst of a rich agricultural region. Boat-\\nbuilding is here carried on to some extent, and a large busi-\\nness is transacted with the surrounding country. Pop. of\\nvillage about 300.\\nLetartsville, Letart town, Meigs co., 0., 21 miles below,\\nis a small village, well situated. Pop. of village about 200 j\\ntown, 1850, 966.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "PLACES OK THE OHIO RIVER. 73\\nGrSLham Station, Sutton town, Meigs co., O., 3 miles\\nbelow; a village of recent origin, having a good landing.\\nPop. of village about 150; of town, 1850, 1,596.\\nMinersville, 5 miles below, in the same town, is well situ-\\nated. Pop. about 175.\\nNyesville, Salisbury town, Meigs co., 0., 4 miles below, is\\na small enterprising settlement of some 20 houses.\\nPomeroy, in the same township, 1 mile below, capital of\\nMeigs CO., O., is built on a narrow strip of land lying between\\nthe river and a range of hills. The villages of Middleport,\\nMinersville, Carrolton, Coalport, and Nyesville, extending\\nalong the river several miles, may be considered as suburbs\\nof Pomeroy. It is indebted to the vast coal-beds and salt-\\nsprings in the vicinity, for its rapid growth. Pop. 1850,\\n1,638.\\nMiddleport, Sheffield, and Coalport, 1 mile below,\\nare thriving settlements adjoining Pomeroy, and rapidly in-\\ncreasing.\\nPoint Pleasant, capital of Mason co., Va., 11 miles be-\\nlow, situated on the east side of the Ohio river, at the mouth\\nGreat Kanawha river. This place has a good river and in-\\nterior trade. Pop. about 350.\\nGreat Ksniciwh.^ Hiver, rises in N. C, and, running north\\nand northwest, falls into the Ohio at Point Pleasant, 273\\nmiles below Pittsburg, and 204 miles above Cincinnati.\\nAbout 100 miles from its mouth, are the Great Falls, where\\nthe river descends 50 feet; on its banks, 66 miles from its\\nmouth, are Kanawha salt-works, where the river is 1 50 yards\\nMade. The salt region extends 15 miles on the river, and the\\nsalt noAV manufectured amounts to 2,000,000 bushels annually.\\nThe salt water is obtained by boring through a formation of\\nrock from 300 to 800 feet deep. The bituminous coal, which\\nabounds in the vicinity, is used for evaporating the water.\\nGallipolis, capital of Gallia co., 0., 5 miles below Point\\nPleasant, is pleasantly situated on the Avest bank of the Ohio\\nriver. Besides the usual county buildings, it has a number\\nof public edifices, and many elegant private residences. Near\\nthe academy is a semi-globular mound 20 rods in circumfer-\\nence at its base, a monument of early times. The village was\\norganized in 1810.\\nHerefords, Mason co., Va., 5 miles below a settlement\\nof a few houses.\\nGreen Bottom, Cabell co., Va., 4 miles below; a good\\nlanding-place. Pop. about 150.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "74 PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVER.\\nBladensburg, Ohio town, Gallia co., O., 3 miles below; a\\nsmall recent settlement, having a good landing. Pop. of\\ntown, 1850, 504.\\nMillei sport, l\\\\omc to\\\\Ani, Lawrence co., 0., 12 miles be-\\nlow; a small thriving village. Fop. of town, 1850, 1,334.\\nGuyandotte, Cnbell co., Va., 13 miles below, is a thri-\\nving ])ost-vill:igc on the Ohio river, at the entrance of Guyan-\\ndotte river, on the point of land between these rivers. This\\nbeing the most southern point that the river reaches in Vir-\\nginia, it is an important place of steamboat debarkation, and\\nthe terminus of a turnpike extending to the various Avatering-\\nplaces in Virginia. Top. about 1,200.\\nGuyandotte River, Va., rises in Logan co., and flows\\nnorth, northwest, and enters the Ohio below Barbersvillo.\\nLength about 110 miles. Little Guyandotte river enters tho\\nOhio between the above and Gnat Kanawha rivers.\\nProctorsville, Union town, Lawrence co., O., a small set-\\ntlement, 1 mile below Guyautlotte, is yet in its infancy. Pop.\\nof town, 1850, 1,318.\\nBiiiiingtou, Fayette town, capital of Lawrence co., 0., 6\\nmiles below, at the southern extremity of the state is largely\\nengaged in manufactures and the iron business, and has con-\\nsiderable trade, with the surrounding .country. Pop. of town,\\n1850, 534.\\nBig Sandy River, Va. and Ky., rises in Fayette co.,\\nVa., separating the states of Virginia and Kentucky for 175\\nmiles, \\\\iutil it enters the Ohio river, 4 miles below Burlington,\\nat Cattlesburg, a small settlement. It receives several tribu-\\ntaries, and is navigable, for small boats, for 50 miles from its\\nmouth, where it is 150 yards wide.\\nCattlesburg, Greenup co., Ky., a thriving settlement, sit-\\nuated just below the mouth of the Big ISandy river.\\nCocd Grove, Upper Ironton town, Ijawrencc co., 0., 5\\nmiles below, is a small settlement and rapidly improving.\\nAmanda, Greenup co., Ky., 2 miles below, is in the midst\\nof the iron district, and has a good steamboat-landing.\\nIronton, Upper Ironton town, La\\\\ATence co., O., 5 miles\\nbelow. This place was laid-out by the Ohio L on and Coal\\nCompany, in 1849, and is the terminus of the Iron railroad.\\nThe village is pleasantly situated on high bottom-land, above\\nhigh-water mark, having high blutl s in the rear. It has many\\nelegant private residences, and owes its rapid growth to the\\ninexhaustible beds of coal and iron existing in the vicinity.\\nPop. about 1,800.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVER. 75\\nHanging Rock, Iron Rock ancl Upper Ironton T.,\\nLawrence co., O., 2 miles below. There are several blast-\\nfurnaces, rolling-mills, and other manufactories in successful\\noperation. The village is rapidly advancing in population\\nand wealth. Pop. about 1000.\\nGreenupsburg, capital of Greenup co., Ky., at the\\nmouth of the Little Sandy river 7 miles below, is an import-\\nant point, having a good trade Avith the interior of Virginia,\\nBesides the county buildings, it has a number of elegant\\nprivate edifices. Pop. about 600.\\nHaverhill, Sciota co., 0., nearly opposite Greenupsbiirg,\\nis a small landing-place of recent growth, and favorably\\nsituated.\\nWheelersbnrgh, Sciota co., 0., 8 miles below, is a thri-\\nving village, shipping considerable produce. Pop. 1850, 504.\\nSpringville, Greenup co., Ky., opposite Portsmouth, is\\npleasantly situated, having several foundries and other man-\\nufactories. Pop. about 300.\\nPortsmouth, Wayne town, cap. of Sciota co., 0., 15 miles\\nbelow, beautifully situated, just above the mouth of the Sciota,\\nat the terminus of the Ohio and Erie canal, 112 miles above\\nCincinnati, and 309 miles from Cleveland by canal. The\\nvillage presents a beautiful appearance from the river, is com-\\npactly built, and being surrounded by a fextile region, together\\nwith the vast beds of coal, iron, and building-stone in the\\nvicinity, it commands an exten^sive trade, and is in a highly\\nprosperous condition. Pop. 1850, 4,011.\\nSciota River, 0., is the second in magnitude of those\\nflowing wholly within the state. It rises in Harden co., and\\nflowing through Marion and Delaware cos, into Franklin co., it\\nreceives, just above Columbus, from the north. Whetstone, or\\nOlentagny river, and then flows nearly south to its junction\\nwith the Ohio, at Poi-tsmouth, where it is 150 yards wide. It\\nis about 180 miles long, and is navigable 130 miles to the\\nmouth of the Little Sciota.\\nAlexandria, Washington town, Sciota co., 0., 3 miles be-\\nlow Portsmouth a small village, well situated, having a\\ngood landing. Pop. about 325.\\nBradford, Sciota co., 0., 4 miles below, a small settlement.\\nPop. about 250.\\nRockport, Lewis co.. Ivy,, 2 miles below, a small and\\ngrowing village.\\nRockville, Nile town, Adams co., 0., 8 miles below, a\\nsmall village of 150 inhabitants.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "76 PLACES ON THE OHIO KIVER.\\nVanceburg, Lewis co.. Ky., 2 miles below; well situated,\\nhaving a quarry of slate and limestone in the vicinity. A\\nfine material for stone-ware is found here. Pop. 2.50.\\nHome, Greene town, Adams co., 0., 6 miles below; large\\nquantities of jDroduce are shipped from this point. Iron ore\\nis found in the vicinit3^ Pop. about 150.\\nConcord, Lev/is co., Ky., 7 miles below a small flourish-\\ning village. Pop. about 250.\\nManchester, Spring town, Adams co., 0., 8 miles beloAv;\\na thriving village, having several mills and factories. Pop. 700.\\nAberdeen, Huntington town. Brown co., 0., nearly oppo-\\nsite Maysville, Ky., is well situated. The citizens arc noted\\nfor their enterprise and hospitality. Pop. 1850, 808.\\nMA TSVILIiS CITT,\\nMarion co., Ky., 13 miles below Manchester, and 59 miles\\nabove Cincinnati. It was formerly called Limestone, from\\nLimestone Creek, which here enters the Ohio river. It is\\ndelightfully situated on the south side of the river, on a nar-\\nrow bottom betAveen the river and the hills which rise in the\\nrear. The principal streets cross each other ^t right angles.\\nIt has a profitable trade with the interior, and is adorned with\\nelegant county buildings, cit^^-hall, c. The place is well\\nsupplied with churches, seminaries, public and private schools,\\nand newspapers. Here are the following manufacturing estab-\\nlishments, which turn out a large amount in value, annually\\nsteam-engine, cotton and bagging factories, rope-walks, iron\\nfoundries, coach, wagon and plough manufactories, saw and\\nflour mills. Incorporated in 1833. Pop. 1850, 3,840.\\nChariton, Mason co., Ky., 5 miles below a small settle-\\nment well situated.\\nRipley, Union town. Brown co., 0., 4 miles below, is hand-\\nsomely situated on a narrow strip of land, which is confined\\nbetween the river and a ridge of hills back of the town. The\\ntown contains several mills and two seminaries, and is a\\nplace of much enterprise. Pop. 1850, 1,780.\\nLevanna, in the same town, 2 miles below, well situated\\nfor trade. Pop. 1850, 175.\\nDover, Mason co., Ky., opposite Levanna, has a good\\nlanding, from which large quantities of hemp and tobacco are\\nexported, and is a place of much enterprise. Pop. about 750.\\nHigginsport, Lewis town. Brown co., O., 5 miles below, at\\nthe mouth of White Oak creek, is a flourishing village, and\\nhas a number of .flour mills. Pop. 1850, 535.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO ElVER. 7V\\nAugusta, Bracken co., Ky., 5 miles below. The town\\npresents a beautiful appearance from the river, has a good\\nlanding, and is the most important town in the county. There\\nare at this place several extensive tobacco warehouses, flour\\nmills, and tanneries. Augusta college is located here. Pop.\\n1850, 1,126.\\nChilo, Franklin town, Clermont co., 0., 5 miles below, a\\nsmall promising village, and was called Mechanicsburg until\\n1820. Pop. about 200.\\nNeville, Washington town, Clermont co., 0., 4 miles below,\\nis well situated, having considerable trade, with an enter-\\nprising population of about 450.\\nMoscow, in the same town, 4 miles below, has a good\\nlanding-place, is well situated, and rapidly improving. Pop.\\nabout 375.\\nPosterville, Bracken co., Ky., 1 mile below; an incon-\\nsiderable settlement.\\nPoint Pleasant, Monroe town, Clei-mont co., 3 miles be-\\nlow; a small flourishing village. Pop. of village about 350,\\nof town, in 1853, 1,897.\\nMetier, Pendleton co., Ky., 1 mile below; a small post-\\nvillage.\\nFlag Spring, Campbell co., Ky., 2 miles below a thri-\\nving post-village.\\nNew Richmond, Ohio town, Clermont co., 0., 1 mile be-\\nlow, and just above the Twelve Mile creek the most populous\\nand flourishing village in the county, well situated for trade.\\nPop. of village about 1,300; of town, in 1853, 4,479.\\nPalestine, in the same town, 1 mile below, a small enter-\\nprising place. Brickmaking is here largely carried on. The\\nvillage is regularly laid out, and has a population of about 325.\\nHome, in the same town, 1 mile below, a small landing-\\nplace.\\nLittle Miami River, 0., 10 miles below, rises in the\\nwestern central part of the state, and flowing in a southwest-\\nerly direction, about 120 miles, enters the Ohio river 6 miles\\nabove Cincinnati. To the tourist and geologist this river\\npresents many attractions.\\nCarthage, Campbell co., Ky., 1 mile below a small pros-\\nperous village,\\nV Columbia, Columbia town, Hamilton co., O., 1 mile below\\na thriving village. It was the second place settled in Ohio,\\nfounded in 1798. The lumber trade is largely carried on at\\nthis point. Pop. of village about 1,200 of to\\\\ra, 2,413.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "78 PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVER.\\nJamestQ-wn, Campbell co., Ky., 1 mile below, a suburb of\\nCincinnati; is pleasantly situated, and rapidly improving.\\nMerchants doing business in Cincinnati reside here. The\\nvillage is connected with Cincinnati by a steam-ferry. Pop.\\nof village about 1,200.\\nFulton, 2 miles below, in Hamilton co., 0., above, and\\nadjoining Cincinnati, is well situated. High hills rise back\\nof the village, a few hundred yards distant, which contain im-\\nmense beds of limestone suitable for building. Steamboat\\nbuilding is here carried on to a great extent. It has several\\nchurches and steam-mills, c. Pop. about 4,500.\\nCINCINNATI CITY,\\nThe metropolis of Ohio, and Queen City of the West,\\na port of entry, and capital of Hamilton co., 0., is the most\\npopulous city of the western states, the largest inland city in\\nthe Union, and fifth in size and importance among the cities\\nof the United States. It is built on an elevated plain, on the\\nnorth bank of the Ohio, 540 feet above tide-water at Albany,\\nN. Y., and 25 feet below the level of Lake Erie. The shore\\nof the Ohio here forms a good landing for boats at all seasons\\nof the year, the landing being paved to low- water mark. The\\ndescent from the upper part of the city to low-water mark on\\nthe Ohio, is 108 feet. The city is near the eastern extremity\\nof a pleasant valley, about 12 miles in circumference, skirted\\non the north by a circular ridge of hills, the summits of which\\nare 300 feet high, and present a picturesque appearance.\\nThe ground on which the city stands consists of two plains,\\nthe rear one elevated 60 feet above the front, though the as-\\ncent, by grading, is reduced to a gradual slope. The view\\nof the city is beautiful from the hills in the rear; but, as\\napproached by water, it is neither extensive nor commanding.\\nExcepting on the margin of the river, it is regularly laid out,\\nstreets and alleys crossing each other a*t right angles. The\\nstreets running east and west, parallel with the river, are de-\\nnominated. First, Second, Third, c., while those running north\\nand south are named after the native trees, as Walnut, Syca-\\nmore, c. Main sti-eet extends from the landing on the river,\\ndirectly north to the northern boundary of the city. The\\ncentral portion of the city is compactly built with substantial\\nhouses and stores but upon the outer parts, the houses arei\\nirregularly scattered. The streets are well paved, and exten.4\\nsively shaded by trees. The city abounds with expensive.\\nstately public buildings, adding much to the appearance of", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "iiiiill\\nijiitiiiiifiiijiii\\n1 lll^^^^l^^^iM^^\\niii ill i II J\\nIjir\\nMiiijllil i lilili\\nliililiiliw\\nIf II\\nji ta^^^^\\nliii\\nUi|i l!ii!ii| f!ii!f I", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "80 PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVER, y\\ntlie place. The courthouse on Main street is 56 by 60 feet,\\nand 120 feet higli to the top of the dome. The edifice of\\nCincinnati college, on Walnut street, occupied in part by the\\nChamber of Commerce and Mercantile Library, is 138 feet\\nlong by 100 feet wide, with a marble front, in the Doric style.\\nThe college Avas founded in 1819, and has medical and law de-\\npartments. The episcopal church at the corner of Seventh\\nand Plum streets the first presbyterian church, corner of\\nFourth and Main streets the Roman catholic cathedral, cor-\\nner of Eiglith and Plum streets the Melodcon the Athc-\\nneum; and scA cral other buildings, are good specimens of\\narchitectural symmetry and beauty. And last, though not\\nleast, is the great astronomical observatory at Cincinnati, not\\nonly one of the glories and wonders of the Great West, but\\na substantial monument to the genius and enterprise of the\\nrepublic. But while Ave claim this great Avork as a part of the\\nintellectual treasure of our common country, AA^e must not\\nforget that its origin and completion, and all the vast benefits\\nwhich its existence must confer, are the result of private en-\\nterprise, directed by the genius and perseverance of Pi ofessor\\nO. M. Mitchel, of Cincinnati college. The edifice is of stone,\\nand situated on Mount Adams, 500 feet above Ioav Av^ater,\\ncommanding a splendid vicAV of the city and surrounding\\ncountry. The corner stone of the pier Avhich AA^as to sustain the\\ngreat refracting telescope, AA^as laid by John Quiucy Adams,\\nwith appropriate ceremonies, NoA^ 9, 1843. Tliis AA as Mr.\\nAdams last great oration. Cincinnati can boast, not only of\\nwealth and^ public spirit, but her benevolent and literary insti-\\ntutions rank among the first in the country. Lane Theologi-\\ncal Seminary, under the direction of the presbj terians, is Avell\\nendoAA Cd, and in a prosperous condition, as is also the theo-\\nlogical school under the direction of the baptists. The luna-\\ntic asylum, commercial hospital, AAddow s home, asylum for\\naged females, house of refuge, hotel for invalids, and female\\nassistance society, are well sustained, and alle\\\\ iate a A^ast\\namount of human sufi ering. Ciixcinnati is an extensive man-\\nufacturing city, notAA^ithstanding the AA-aters of the Ohio can\\nnot be used for manufacturing purposes, OAAdng to the great\\nand sudden rise and fall of the riAxr this disadA^antage is\\nmore than balanced by the cheapness of fuel, food, and iron,\\nand, indeed, almost every raAA material used in manufacturing.\\nOver 200 steam-engines are used in the A-arious manufactories\\namong AA^hich are bi-ass and iron foundries, rolling-mills, ma-\\ncliine shops, lard, oil, flour and paper-mills, and manufac-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVER. 81\\ntorics for cotton, tobacco, fanning implements, edge tools,\\nand nearly every article of domestic mauufactm e. This city\\nis the gre\u00c2\u00abt centre of the pork tirade, and the exports of pork,\\nlard, flour, corn, and every agricultural production are im-\\nmense. It has increased with almost unexampled rapidity.\\nSuiTounded by the richest agricultural region in the Avorld\\nin the vicinity of immense mineral wealth; washed by the\\nnoble river at her feet and the terminus of numerous rail-\\nroads she must become a vast mart of commerce, equalled by\\nfew cities in North America. The city is supplied with water\\nraised from the Ohio, by steam-power, into a spacious limestone\\nreservoir, which holds 5,000,000 gallons. Cincinnati (origi-\\nnally called Losanteville) was first settled December 25, 1788,\\non the site of Fort Washington; in 1789, some emigrants\\nfrom New England and New Jersey settled here. In 1819,\\nthe city was incorporated. In 1795, it contained a population\\nof 500; in 1800, 750; in 1810, 2,540; in 1820, 9,642; in\\n1830, 24,831; in 1840, 46,338; in 1850, 115,425; in 1853,\\n160,394.\\nNEWPORT CITlf\\nCapital of Campbell co., Ky., a flourishing and rapidly im-\\nproving town, opposite Cincinnati, immediately above the\\nmouth of the Licking river, which separates it from Coving-\\nton. It is pleasantly situated on a moderately-elevated plain,\\noverlooking Cincinnati. It has a number of steam and rolling\\nmills, foundries, and other manufactories, in operation. The\\ncity contains a United States arsenal, many elegant public\\nand private buildings and its ample ferries render it a favor-\\nite residence of merchants, and others, doing business in Cin-\\ncinati, to which it is considerably indebted for its rapid growth\\nin population and wealth. The subject of education is re-\\nceiving particular attention. Pop., 1853, 5,895.\\nLicking River, Ky., rises in the eastern part of the state,\\namong the Cumberland mountains, and after running a north-\\nwest course, 225 miles, enters the Ohio opposite Cincinnati.\\nIt is navigable for small boats to Falmouth, 60 miles from its\\nmouth. Its principal affluents are the South Licking river,\\nand Slate creek.\\nCOVINGTON CITY,\\nKenton co., Ky., at the lower side of the mouth of the Lick-\\ning river, opposite Cincinnati, of which, from the arrange-\\nment of the streets, it appears like a continuation. Newport\\nlies on the opposite side of the Licking river. It is pleasantly\\n6", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "82\\nPLACES ON THE OHIO RIVER.\\nsituated on an elevated plain of several miles in extent, most\\nof wliich lies above high-water mark. Connected with Cin-\\ncinnati by steam-ferries, it may be called one of its subm bs.\\nThis is the terminus of the Covington and Lexington railroad,\\n44 miles long. Here are manufactories of hemp, cotton, silk,\\nc. a ropewalk, a rolling-mill, and establishments for pack-\\ning pork and beef. The city enjoys a large retail and con-\\nsiderable wholesale trade with the interior. Pop., in 1850,\\n9,408; 1855, about 15,000\\nLate Residence of General Harrison,\\nNorth Bend, Miami town, Hamilton co., O., 14 miles\\nbelow Cincinnati. It derives its interest from having been the\\nresidence of General Hai-rison. The family mansion stands\\nupon a slightly elevated plain, commanding a delightful view\\nof the river. It is a plain, unpretending edifice, worthy of an\\nunostentatious republican, as its proprietor was. The tomb\\nof the ex-president is situated about one fourth of a mile\\nsouth of the family mansion, upon a hill 100 feet above the\\nriver it is built of brick no inscription is to be found on it.\\nIt can be distinctly seen from the river.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "(rj^ //a-z^^cM^", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "84 PLACES ON THE OHIO EIVER.\\nGreat Miami Kiirer, 0., 3 miles below, one of the largest\\ntributaries of the Ohio, rises in Hardin co., and, after a course\\nof 150 miles, enters the Ohio, near the boundary line be-\\ntween Ohio and Indiana. The most important affluents are\\nthe Mad and White rivers. Its current is rapid, but it is\\nnavigable for a distance of 90 miles. It is 150 yards wide at\\nits mouth, and furnishes extensive water-power.\\nLawi eiiceburg City, cap. of Dearborn co., la., 3 miles\\nbeloAv, at the entrance of the Whitewater canal into the Ohio.\\nIt has the courthouse, several extensive flour-mills, and\\nother buildings of minor importance. The immense water-\\npower possessed here, promises to make this point a large\\nmanufacturing and shipping port.\\nPetersburg, Boone co., Ky., 2 miles below has an active\\ntrade, and a good landing. It occupies the site of an exten-\\nsive Indian burying-ground. Pop. about 400.\\nAurora, Dearborn co., la., 2 miles below; pleasantly sit-\\nuated in the midst of a rich agricultural district. A large and\\nenterprising company of emigrants from Germany have set-\\ntled here. It is a place of considerable trade, and rapidly in-\\ncreasing in population and wealth. Fop. of town in 1850,\\n1,9.54.\\nBellevue, Boone co., Ky, 7 miles below, is a thriving set-\\ntlement, having a good landing and considerable trade with\\nthe surrounding country. Pop. about 200.\\nRising Sun, capital of Ohio co., la., 3 miles below, is\\npleasantly situated on a high bank overlooking the Ohio. It\\nhas an active trade, and is rapidly improving. There are\\nseveral cotton and other factories, carrying on a profitable\\nbusiness. Besides the county buildings, it is well supplied\\nwith churches, academies and schools. Pop., 1850, 1,674.\\nBig Bone Creek, Boone cd., Ky., 13 miles below. Near\\nthis point, at the Big Lick springs, the bones of the great\\nmastodon were found. These animals were attracted hither\\nby the saline waters, and probably perished in deadly combat.\\nHamilton, Boone co., Ky., a small village, situated just\\nabove the mouth of the Big Bone creek. Pop. 250.\\nPatriot, Switzerland co., la., 2 miles below; a post- vil-\\nlage, well situated for trade; has a good landing. Po^d.\\nabout 750.\\nWarsaw, capital of Gallatin co., Ky., 10 miles below;\\nit has a flour-mill, and a number of tobacco factories, and is\\nwell supplied with church edifices, and other public buildings.\\nPop. about 1 300.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO EIYEK. 85\\nITevz York, Switzerland co., la., 1 mile below a small\\npost-village, with a thriving population of about 250.\\nFlorence, in the same county, 2 miles below, is a small\\nvillage of 150 inhabitants.\\nVevay, capital of Switzerland co., la., 6 miles below, one\\nof the pleasantest sites on the Ohio settled by emigrants\\nfrom Switzerland. The vine has been extensively and suc-\\ncessfully cultivated in this place and vicinity. The superior\\nlanding, and the fertility of the adjoining county, render it a\\nplace of active business. Pop. about 2,000.\\nGhent, Carroll co., Ky., nearly opposite Vevay, is well sit-\\nuated in a growing district. The village is pleasant and\\nhealthy. Pop. about 450.\\nCarrollton (formerly Pout William), capital of Carroll\\neo., Ky., 11 miles below, at the mouth of the Kentucky river.\\nIt has the county buildings, several churches, and a number\\nof factories; also, a thriving trade. Pop. about 1,100.\\nKentucky River, Ky., from which the state derives its\\nname, rises by three principal branches in the Cumberland\\nmountains, denominated the north, middle, and south forks,\\nwhich unite in Estell county. From this point it pursues a\\nnorth-northwest course, until it enters the Ohio river at Car-\\nrollton. The distance from the mouth to the forks is 260\\nmiles by the course of the river. Steamboats of 300 tons ply\\nbetween this place and Cincinnati. The navigation of this\\nriver has been improved by locks, constructed at great ex-\\npense. Immense beds of coal and iron ore are found along\\nits branches,\\nFrankfort, capital of Kentucky, is situated on a circular bend on tlie\\nnorth side of the Kentucky river, 60 miles from its mouth. The river here\\nwinds through deep limestone banks, which afford a level site for the town.\\nFrankfort is a well-l)uilt villag-e, with neat and solid dwellings of brick or\\nwhite marble. Am.ong the public buildings are a splendid statehouse, pen-\\nitentiary, courthouse, several churches, academies, and banking-houses.\\nIt is the centre of an active trade, which is much increased by railroads\\nleading to Lexington and Louisville. A chain bridge connects the town\\nwith South Frankfort. Pop. 1850, 4,372 1856, about 6,500.\\nDaniel Boone.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Few men of such humble pretensions occupy so large\\na space in history as Daniel Boone. His heroism as an explorer, pioneer,\\nsettler, and patriotic defender of the soil he had won by his courage in the\\npath of the discoverer, partakes so largely of the spirit of chivalry, and true\\nromance, that we incontinently look upon him with a sentiment of hero-\\nworship. Fie was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, in 1734. While\\nyet a boy, his family settled near the banks of the ya 3kin, in North Caro-\\nlina. It wa* about 20 years later than this when Boone first penetrated the\\ngreat wilderness valley of the Mississippi, in company with others, on a\\nlong hunt of about three years. He had made himself acquainted with the\\nhardships of border life, and, in 1773, in company with other families, he\\nBtarted with his own, to make a settlement on the Xain-tvit-ee river. The\\nliustile Indians compelled them to fall back, and Boone resided for two", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "9^cr^A", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO KIVER. 87\\nyears on the Clerich river, when he went forward and planted Boories-\\nborough, in Madison county, Kentucky soon after which a few other\\nfamilies joined him. His wife and daughters were the first white women\\never seen upon the banks of the Kentucky river. He became a great\\nannoyance to the Indians and while at the Blue Licks, on the Licking\\nriver, in February, 1778, engaged with others in making salt, he was cap-\\ntured by some of the Shawnees, and taken to Chillicothe. The Indians\\nbecame attached to him, and he was adopted into a family as a son. A\\nransom of $500 was oftered for him, but the Indians refused it. He at\\nlength escaped (in .July following his capture), when he ascertained that\\na large body of Indians were preparing to march against Boonesborough.\\nThey attacked that station three times, and were repulsed. He returned\\nto Kentucky in 1780, with his family, and assisted Colonel Clarke in his\\noperations against the Indians in the Illinois country. In his old age, Con-\\ngress donated two thousand acres of land to Daniel Boone, and he was\\nthus made comparatively happy. The brave old hero died in Missouri, in\\n1820, at the age of almost 90 years.\\nPreston, Carroll co., Ky., is a small village opposite Car-\\nrolton, from Avhicli it is divided by the Kentucky river. Pop.\\nabout 250.\\nMADISOH CITY\\nAnd capital of Jefferson co., la., 10 miles below, and 89 miles\\nbelow Cincinnati pleasantly situated on the north shore of the\\nriver, at an elevation which secures it from the highest floods.\\nIt is regularly laid out with broad streets, paved or macada-\\nmized. The county buildings, together with other public\\nedifices, are an ornament to the city. In the rear of the town,\\nare hills 250 feet high which afford a beautiful prospect. A\\nJarge amount of capital is employed in steamboats, that ply to\\nthe different towns on the Oliio and Mississippi rivers, the\\nnavigation being usually unobstructed during the winter. The\\nMadison and Indianapolis railroad, of 159 miles in length,\\nterminates here. The city contains manufactories of cotton,\\nwool, iron, machinery, c. The pork-packing and oil busi-\\nness is extensively carried on here, and a large amount of\\nproduce is shipped from this port. Pop., 1853, 8,112; of\\nNorth Madison village, 992 total, 9,104.\\nIndianapolis City, capital of Indiana, 86 miles northwest from this\\npoint, is beautifully situated on the west fork of White river, which is\\nnavigable to this place during hi^h water. It is surrounded with one of\\nthe most fertile plains in the Union. The town was originally laid out a\\nmile square, with streets generally crossing each other at right angles, ex-\\ncepting four diagonal streets, which converge to a circular area in the cen-\\ntre of the city. In the centre of this area is an Indian mound, on which\\nstands the governor s mansion. Most of the public buildings are erected\\non Washington street. Among them are a splendid stotehouse, 180 by 80\\nfeet, courthouse, masonic hall, state lunatic hospital, central medical college\\nof Indiana, together with several banking houses, hotels, churches, and\\nacademies. Considerable capital is here invested in flour-mills, foun-\\ndries, steam-engines, paper, and other manufactories. Several important\\nrailroads centre here, viz.: Madison and Indianapolis; Lafayette, Terre-\\nHaute, and Indianapolis Indiana Central Indianapolis and Bellefontalne\\nPeru and Indianapolis and Lawrenceburg and Upper Mississippi. Pop.,\\n1840, 2,684; 1850, 8,091; 1856, about 14,000.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "88 PLACES ON THE OHIO EIVER.\\nMilton, Trimble co., Ky., nearly opposite Madison, is a\\nsmall post-village; has a good landing. Pop. about 250.\\nHanover Xianding, South Hanover village, Hanover\\ntown, Jefferson co., la., 6 miles below. Hanover college\\nis located here. A plank-road connects this point with Mad-\\nison. Pop., 1850, 447.\\nNe^w London, Jefferson co., la., 4 miles below a small\\npost-village recently settled large quantities of produce are\\nshipped from this point. Pop. about 200.\\nBethlehem, Clarke co., la., 7 miles below is a well-situ-\\nated and promising village. Pop. of town, 1850, 872.\\nWestport, Oldham co., Ky., 6 miles below; an enter-\\nprising place, formerly the county-seat. Pop. about 600.\\nHerculaneum, Clark co., la., 4 miles below; is a pleas-\\nant landing-place. Pop. 200.\\nChaiie.ston Landing, in the same co., 9 miles below;\\nCharleston, 1| miles west, is the capital of Clarke co., la.,\\nand is a thriving village. Pop. of town, 1853, 3,902.\\nUtica, in the same co., 5 miles below, and 8 miles above\\nLouisville, is well situated, and has an enterprising popula-\\ntion of about 500.\\nTransylvania, Jefferson co., Ky., 2 miles below; a small\\nsettlement of about 15 houses.\\nJeffersonville, Giark co., la., 6 miles beloAV, nearly\\nopposite Louisville. It is delightfully situated on a high\\nbank on the north side of the Ohio, just above the rapids.\\nThere is a good landing here, caused by an eddy in the river,\\nwhich is nearly one mile wide at this point, and descends\\n22 feet in 2^ miles, producing a rapid current; in high water\\nsteamboats pass over the rapids (see Ohio river). Jefferson\\nrailroad, 106 miles long, connects this town with Indianapolis.\\nIndiana penitentiary is located here. Jeffersonville has a\\nlarge trade with the surrounding country, and is rapidly pro-\\ngressing in wealth and population. Pop., 1850, 3,902.\\nLOUISVILLE CITY\\nPort of entiy, capital of Jefferson co., Ky., situated on the\\nsouth bank of the Ohio river, at the head of the rapids, 615\\nmiles beloAv Pittsburg, and 1,434 miles above New Orleans.\\nIt is built on a gentle acclivity, 75 feet above low- water mark,\\nregularly laid out on a slightly undulating plain, with ten\\nstreets running parallel with the river, intersected at right\\nangles with thirty cross streets. The city is supplied with\\npure water, and lighted with gas. Louisville is the seat of", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO KIVEK. 89\\nmost of the commercial and manufacturing business of the\\nstate and contiguous teri-itory. The following are among\\nthe most extensive manufactories foundries, machine shops,\\nsteam-bagging factories, rope-walks, cotton and woollen fac-\\ntories, flouring-mills, mills for the manufacture of hydraulic\\ncement, tobacco factories, breweries, glassworks, agricultural\\nimplement manufactories, and many others of less note.\\nThese establishments employ several millions of dollars in\\ncapital, pi oducing remunerative profits. The exports of\\ntobacco, corn, pork, lard, c., are very great. Louisville is\\nmainly indebted for her existence to the interruption of navi-\\ngation in the Ohio, at this point, occasioned by the falls.\\nThe imports of the city are about $25,000,000 annually, and\\nconstantly increasing. The various public buildings, some\\nof which are elegant specimens of architectural taste, add\\nmuch to the fine appearance of the city among them are the\\ncity-hall, courthouse, university of Louisville, schools of\\nmedicine and law connected with the university, banks,\\nchurches, oiphan asylum, c. There are several literary and\\nscientific institutions of a high order established here. This\\nplace is appropriately classed among the great prosperous\\nand rapidly improving cities of the West. Pop., 1788, 30;\\n1800,800; 1810,1,357; 1820,4,012; 1830,10,336; 1840,\\n21,210; 1850, 43,194; 1856, about 55,000.\\nShippensport, in the same co., 2 miles below, at the ter-\\nminus of the Louisville canal; is a small village and land-\\ning. Pop. about 250.\\nPortland, in the same co., 2 miles below, is an enter-\\nprising village, having considerable trade. Pop. about 900.\\nNew Albany City, capital of Ployd co., la., 4 miles be-\\nlow Louisville, is a flourishing city, pleasantly situated, and\\nregularly laid out, the streets 80 feet wide, crossing each\\nother at right angles. This is the terminus of the great lines\\nof railroad, extending to the north and northwestern cities,\\nand being surrounded by a rich agricultural district, is a\\nport of considerable trade. The place was laid out in 1813.\\nIt has several shipyards and other mechanical establishments.\\nPop., in 1850, 8,181.\\nSalt River, Ky., 15 miles below, rises in Mercer co., and,\\nflowing north into Anderson co., turns west, and enters the\\nOhio at West Point. It is 200 yards wide at its mouth, and\\nboatable for 150 miles 15 miles from its mouth it receives,\\non the south side, a large branch, called the Rolling fork,\\nwhich last receives, in Nelson county, a branch called Beechy", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "90 PLACES ON THE OHIO KIVEK.\\nfork. These streams water some of the most fertile portions\\nof the state. The river derives its name from the numerous\\nsalt-licks along its banks.\\nWest-Point, Hardin co., Ky., just below the mouth of\\nSalt river, is an enterprising village, and has a good landing.\\nBoat-building is carried on somewhat extensively hero. Pop.\\nabout 350.\\nRockhaven, Meade co., Ky., 11 miles below; a small\\npost-village.\\nBrandenburg, capital of Meade co., Ky., 6 miles below;\\nbuilt on a commanding eminence, overlooking the Ohio river,\\nand pleasantly situated with a thriving population, of about\\n800.\\nMauchport, Harrison co., la., 2 miles below, is a small\\nvillage of recent growth, but has the elements of prosperity.\\nPop. about 200.\\nNev^ Amsterdam, in the same co., 6 miles below, is well\\nsituated, and has considerable trade. Pop. about 250.\\nLeavenworth, capital of Crawford co., la., 6 miles below,\\nis situated on a high bluff at the Horse-Shoe bend. It has\\ngood county buildings, and is a shipping port for large quan-\\ntities of agricultural products. Pop. about 850.\\nFredonia, 4 miles below, in the same co., was the county-\\nseat until 1843 has a good landing, and is flourishing. Pop.\\nabout 400.\\nAlton, in the same co., 13 miles below, just below the\\nmouth of the Little river a small village, well situated, and\\nimproving. Pop. about 250.\\nHatfield, Perry co., la 3 miles below, a small post-vil-\\nlage. Pop. about 250.\\nConcordia, Meade co., Ky., 3 miles below, a thriving Til-\\nlage. Pop. small.\\nDerby, Perry county, la,, 2 miles below, a small post- vil-\\nlage, pleasantly situated. Pop. about 200.\\nRome, capital of Perry co., la., 8 miles below, well situa-\\nted; is a thriving town, with the usual county buildings.\\nSettled in 1812. Pop. about 800.\\nSinking Creek, Ky., a large stream, affording abundant\\nwater-power for several flour-mills along its banks; length\\n75 miles.\\nStephensport, Breckem-idge co., Ky., just below the\\nmouth of the Sinking creek has a good landing, and makes\\nextensive shipments of tobacco, c. Pop. about 400.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE- OHIO KIVER. 91\\nTcbineport, Perry co., la., 12 miles below; a prosperous\\nvillage, well situated. Pop. about 200.\\nCioverport, Breckenridge co., Ky., nearly opposite\\nTobinsport, at the mouth of Clover creek, is a growing town,\\nhaving a good trade with the interior. The White Sulphur\\nsprings are near this place. Pop. about 900.\\nSt. Louis, Perry co., la., 12 miles below, is the com-\\nmencement of a village, Avith a good landing. Pop. about\\n150.\\nHawesville, capital of Hancock co., Ky., 2 miles below,\\nat the mouth of Lead creek, is a flourishing village, having\\nan active trade with the interior, and supplying the steam-\\nboats with coal that is mined in the neighborhood. Pop.\\nabout 800.\\nCannelton, Perry co., la., just below, and nearly opposite\\nHawesville, is rapidly increasing in population. A large\\ncotton-factory employs many operatives, and the Cannel Coal\\nCompany are successfully engaged in mining a superior qual-\\nity of coal found in the Adcinity. Pop. about 3,500.\\nLovrer Cannelton, 1 mile below, in the same co., has\\nlaid the foundation of a thriving village. Pop., about 350.\\nTroy, Perry co., la., 5 miles below, at the mouth of\\nAnderson s creek, is a small prosperous village, settled in\\n1810. Pop. about 800.\\nMaxville, Spencer co., la., just across Anderson s creek;\\na small, prosperous settlement. Pop. about 225.\\nLewisport, Hancock co., Ky., 5 ms. below, near the mouth\\nof Blackford s creek; pleasantly situated. Pop. about 450.\\nRockport, capital of Spencer co., la., 13 miles below, de-\\nlightfully situated on a commanding eminence, overlooking\\nthe Ohio river. The foundation of the village is composed\\nof an immense quarry of sandstone. From this point large\\nquantities of agricultural products are shipped. Pop., 1850,\\n412.\\nOwensboro, capital of Davis co., Ky., 8 miles below, is\\npleasantly situated in the midst of a fertile district; has a\\ngood landing, and a large river and inland trade. It contains\\nthe county buildings, and many pleasant private residences.\\nPop. about 2,000.\\nBon Harbor, in the same co., 1 mile below cotton and\\nwoollen manufactories have recently been erected here. Im-\\nmense coal-bedsj exist near the village, which are profitably\\nmined. Large quantities of agricultural products are shipped\\nfrom this excellent landing-place. Pop. about 450.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "92 PLACES OK THE OHIO RIVER\\nSciiifletcwn, Henderson co., Ky., 3 miles below; a small\\nthiiiving village.\\nEnterprise, Spencer co., la., 4 miles below; a small\\nflomishing village, with a good landing. Pop. about 250.\\nMount Prospect, Vanderburg co., la., 6 miles below; a\\nthriving village has a good landing.\\nNe wbur^, in the same co., 12 miles below; a flomishing\\nvillage, surrounded by a beautiful agricultural district has a\\ngood landing, and considerable trade energy and taste char-\\nacterize its inhabitants. Pop. about 650,\\nGreen River, Ky., 8 miles below, one of the important\\nrivers of the West, rises in Lincoln co., and taking a west\\ncourse for about 325 miles, enters the Ohio in Henderson co.\\nIt is navigable for boats, by means of locks and dams, to\\nGreensburg, in Gi cene co., a distance of 210 miles. It flows\\nthrough a rich agricultural district, conveying to market\\nmore than $1,000,000 annually of the productions of the\\nground. The river passes the celebrated Mammoth cave,\\nin Edmondson co., 96 miles from Nashville, and 98 miles\\nfrom Louisville. This is one of the wonders of the New\\nWorld. It is some 12 miles in extent, with a great number\\nof avenues and intricate windings. During the late war with\\nGreat Britain, a large number of men Avere constantly em-\\nployed in lixiviating the earth of this cave to obtain the salt-\\npetre it contained, for the purpose of converting it into gun-\\npowder. Stalactites of immense size, formed by the drop-\\npings from the limestone roofs, point downward, and stalag-\\nmites of ponderous size stud the floors of these immense\\nchambers.\\nEvansville, port of entry, and capital of Vanderburg co.,\\nla., 8 miles below, is situated on an elevated bank, overlook-\\ning the Ohio river. It is connected by a railroad, 51 miles in\\nlength, with Vincennes, where it intersects other railroads\\nleading to the eastern, northern, and western cities. The\\nWabash and Erie canal, 467 miles in length, from this point\\nto Toledo, Ohio, is the longest in the Union. Pop., 1850,\\n3,235.\\nLamasco City, in the same co., below, and adjoining\\nEvansville, is a village of rapid growth. Pop., 1850, 1,441.\\nVerona, in the same co., 7 miles below, is a thriving vil-\\nlage, well situated. Pop. about 300.\\nHenderson, capital of Henderson co., Ky., 3 miles below;\\nthis flourishing village is beautifully situated, having a good\\nriver and inland trade. It has the county buildings, a num-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "94 PLACES ON THE OHIO EIVER.\\nber of churches, large warehouses, tobacco factories, c.\\nPop., 1850, 1775.\\nWest Franklin, Poesy co., la., 13 miles below; a thii-\\nving post-village; has a good landing. Pop. about 250.\\nMount Vernon, capital of Poesy co., la., 12 miles be-\\nlow, pleasantly situated on a high bank on a north bend in\\nthe river, and commands a view of the river for 15 miles.\\nThe town is in a highly prosperous condition. Pop., 1850,\\n1,120.\\nUniontcwn, Union co., Ky., 12 miles below. The vil-\\nlage has some elegant buildings, showing a good degree\\nof enterprise and large quantities of the agricultural prod\\nucts of the western portions of the state are shipped from thia\\nport. Pop. 450.\\nWabash River, la. and 111., 8 miles below; rises in Mer-\\ncer CO., 0., and flowing into Indiana, pursues a northwest\\ncourse to Huntington county, where it approaches the junc-\\ntion of St. Joseph s river, with the St. Mary s to form Mau-\\nmee river, receiving Little river from the northeast at this\\npoint. It then crosses the state in a west-southvvcst direction,\\nreceiving, on the south side, Salamanic and ISIissisenawa\\nrivers, and on the north side, Eel and Tippecanoe rivers and\\na little below Terre Haute, it becomes the boundary between\\nIndiana and Illinois to its entrance into the Ohio, 152 miles\\nabove the Mississippi. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio\\non the north side, being about 575 miles in length, 320 miles\\nof which are navigable fOr steamboats in high v/ater. The\\nWabash and Erie canal follows this river from Huntington to\\nTerre Haute. Events of great historic interest in connection\\nwith the Indian wars, are associated with this river.\\nRaleigh, Union co., Ky., 9 miles below a small post-vil-\\nlage of about 200 inhabitants.\\nRocka way, Union co., Ky, a small enterprising settle-\\nment nearly opposite Shawneetown.\\nSha wneeto wn, capital of Gallatin co.. 111., 7 miles below\\nWabash river, is situated on the northwest bank of the Ohio.\\nThe bank of the river has a gradual ascent, affording a fine\\nview of the adjacent country. The town derives its name\\nfrom a tribe of Indians, who once occupied this site. Large\\nquantities of farming produce are shipped here, and a good\\ninland and river trade is prosecuted. It was laid out in 1814.\\nPop., 1850, 1,764.\\nCaseyville, Union co., Ky., 10 miles below, is a small\\nvillage of about 250 inhabitants.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVEK. 95\\nTradevwater, Crittenden co., Ky., 1 mile below a small\\nlanding-place.\\nFord s Ferry, Crittenden co., Ky., 2 miles below, near\\nthe mouth of Tradewater creek; a small settlement. Pop.\\nabout 150.\\nCave-in-Rock, Hardin co.. 111., 10 miles below. The place\\nis named after a remarkable cave, standing near the water s\\nedge, which contains large chambers hung with s|:alactites,\\nand is one of the curiosities of the Great West, well repaying\\nthe cost of a visit to it.\\nCookseyville, Crittenden co., Ky., nearly opposite Cave-\\nin-Eock a small settlement.\\nElizabeth, Hardin co., 111., 8 miles belov,^; a pleasantly-\\nlocated village. Pop. about 200.\\nEarksville, Livingston co., Ky., 3 miles below; a settle-\\nment of a few houses.\\nRock Quarry, Pope co., 111., 10 miles below; a landing-\\nplace, and small village. Pop. about 150.\\nGolconda, capital of Pope county, 10 miles below; a\\nflourishing village, well situated has good county-buildings,\\nand a good river trade. Pop. about 450.\\nOberry s Ferry, Ky., at Golconda.\\nCumberland River, 1 7 miles below, a large river of Ky.\\nand Tenn. rises in Cumberland mountains, near the boundary\\nbetween Virginia and Kentucky, and, pursuing a west-south-\\nwest course, enters the state of Tennessee. After an exten-\\nsive sweep to the south, it turns northwesterly and northerly,\\nentering and crossing Kentucky, and enters the Ohio 15 miles\\nabove the mouth of the Tennessee river, and 48 miles above the\\nmouth of the Ohio at Smithland. It is about 650 miles long,\\ndraining a temtory of 18,000 square miles, and is navigable\\nfor steamboats 200 miles to Nashville, and for flat-boats 250\\nmiles further. At certain seasons of high water, vessels of\\n400 tons may descend the river, 400 miles to the Ohio. The\\nelevation of its sources above its mouth exceeds 1,000 feet.\\nIn size it is the second tributary of the Oliio, being inferior\\nonly to the Tennessee. Nashville is on the south side, near\\nthe extreme part of its southern bend below Nashville, it is\\ndeep and narrow.\\nSmithland, Livingston co., Ky., just below the mouth of\\nCumberland river, a village having considerable trade with\\nthe interior. Pop. about 350.\\nNew Liberty, Pope co.. 111., 2 miles below; a small\\nlanding-place. Pop. about 150.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE OHIO RIVEE.\\nTennessee River, 13 miles below, runs chiefly in the state\\nof Tennessee, and is the largest tributary of the Ohio. Its\\nsoi^rccs are Clyneh and Holston rivers, which rise in the\\nAlleghany mountains in Virginia. Its other head branches are\\nNola^hucky, French, Broad, Tellico, and Richland. The\\nHolston and Clyneh, of which the others are branches, unite\\n4.5 miles southwest of Knoxville, forming the Tennessee\\nproper, which then pursues a southwest direction across the\\nstate, and enters Alabama, where it pursues a westerly course\\nfor 175 miles, and then turns north and crosses the state\\nof Tennessee and the western part of Kentucky, and enters\\nthe Ohio 50 miles above Cairo. The whole descent of the\\nriver from its sources to its mouth is nearly 2,000 feet, and\\nits whole length is about 1,300 miles. It drains a sur-\\nface of 42,000 square miles. The greatest obstruction to\\nnavigation is the Muscle Shoals, in Alabama. Florence, at\\nthe foot of these rapids on the north side, is 260 miles from\\nits mouth, and to this distance steamboats can ascend during\\nhigli water. A canal has been made around these shoals, 36\\nmiles in length. Above these rapids it is also navigable for\\nsteamboats as far as Knoxville, 450 miles. The navigable parts\\nof the river are connected bj- a railroad. At the distance of\\n260 miles above Florence, occurs the such or icldrl, in which\\nthe river passes a large projecting rock on the north side,\\ncausing a sudden bend in the river, which produces a whirl.\\nThe current of the river is somewhat rapid, and but for the\\ninvention of steam would be of little benefit, except to navi-\\ngate down stream.\\nPaducah, capital of M Cracken co., Ky., just below the\\nmouth of the Tennessee river, is an important shipping-port\\nfor the vast amount of agricultural products which are brought\\ndown that river. The many large warehouses which are con-\\nstantly receiving and discharging every article grown in the\\ninterior, together with the business-like appearance of the\\ncrowded wharves, reminds the stranger of the large cities\\non the seaboard. Pop., 1850, 2,428.\\nMassack, McCracken co., Ky., 2 miles below; a small\\npost-village, on high ground, laaving a fine prospect. A fort\\ncalled Fort Massack formerly existed here. Pop. about 175.\\nMetropolis City, capital of Massac co.. 111., 1 mile below,\\nis a place of active business, well situated, and rapidly im-\\nproving. Two newspapers are printed here. Pop. 1853, 636.\\nHillemiars., in the same co., 15 miles below; a small land-\\ning-place. Pop. about 150.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "PLACES OX THE OHIO RIVER. 97\\nNapoleon, Pulaski co., 111., 16 miles below; a small tliri-\\nving village. Pop. about 175.\\nCaledonia, in the same co., 3 miles below an enterpri-\\nsing village, with a good landing. Pop. about 250.\\nTrinity, Alexander co., 111., at the mouth of the Cash\\nriver, 9 miles below, is a small landing-place. Pop. about\\n100.\\nCairo, Alexander, co.. 111., 4 miles below, situated on the\\npoint of land formed by the junction of the Ohio and Mis-\\nsissippi rivers. The situation is important, but the ground\\nis low and liable to be overflowed. A levee has been con-\\nstructed here by a company, at an expense of $750,000. The\\nIllinois Central railroad, connecting this place with Galena\\nand Chicago, commences here, and the Mobile and Chicago\\nrailroad is expected to cross the river at this point. Had\\nthere been land sufficiently elevated to escape injury from the\\nhigh floods that annually occur at this point, it is supposed\\ntliat this would become one of the great cities of the West.\\nPop. 1853, 242.\\nIllinois Central Railroad. On the 20th of September, 1850, Congress\\npassed an act, granting to the state of Illinois, 2.595,000 acres of the paWic\\nlands, to aid in the construction of a line of railroad throughout the state.\\nOn the 10th of February, 1851, the legislature passed an act to incorporate\\nthe Illinois Central Railroad Company, granting to them the lands\\ndonated by Congress for the purposes of a road. On the 28th of February,\\n1854. the legislature limited the capital to $17,000,000. The road commences\\nat Dunlieth, on the Mississippi, opposite Dubuque, passes south to Galena,\\n16 miles, thence easterly 50 miles, after which it takes a southerly course, in\\nalmost a straight line, to Cairo. A branch of the road leaves the main line\\n118 miles above Cairo for Chicago, 250 miles distant. The entire length of\\nthe road is 453 miles. Its principal connections are, at Sandoval, 115 miles\\nfrom Cairo, the Ohio and Mississippi railroad connects with St. Louis to the\\nwest, and Cincinnati on the east; at Decatur, 204 miles from Cairo, it con-\\nnects with the Great Western road for Springfield, Jacksonville, and Naples\\nat Bloomington, 248 miles from Cairo, with the Chicago and Mississippi\\nrailroad; at Lasalle, with the Rock Island railroad, for Rock Island and\\nDavenport; at Mendota with the Central Military Tract railroad for Gales-\\nburg, Burlington, and Quincy; at Dixon with the Air Line railroad; at\\nFreeport with the Galena and Chicago railroad; and at Chicago with the\\nMichigan Central, and the Michigan Southern, and Northern Indiana rail-\\nroads.\\nThe lands owned by the company are divided into four classes and prices,\\nestablished as follows:\\n1. Lands of special value, as coal fields, quarries of stone, minerals, c.,\\nor from peculiarity of location, as being near towns or villages. Minimum\\nvaluation $20 per acre.\\n2. Lands of superior agricultural qualities and location. Minimum valua-\\ntion $15 per acre.\\n3. Lands of high agricultural qualities. Minimum valuation $8 per acre.\\n4. Lands of the lowest agricultural qualities, within fifteen miles of the\\nroad or branches, but all capable of cultivation. Minimun valuation $5 per\\nacre.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "PLACES OK THE MISSOURI.\\nTHE MISSOURI RITER,\\nKu Keo, Mud eiver/ is probably the longest tributary\\nstream in the world. It rises on the summit of the Rocky\\nmountains, in 49\u00c2\u00b0 30 north latitude, and 110\u00c2\u00b0 30 west longi-\\ntude. The spring sources of the Missouri, and those of the\\nColumbia, which flows west to the Pacific, are not more than\\none mile apart. At the distance of 460 miles from its source,\\nit passes through what is called the Gates in the Rocky\\nmountains, the view of which is exceedingly grand and pic-\\nturesque for a distance of 6 miles the rocks rise nearly per-\\npendicularly from the water s edge, to the height of more than\\n1000 feet; the river is compressed to the width of 150 yards,\\nand rushes impetuously through this mighty chasm 120 miles\\nbelow this are the great falls, the river descending 350 feet in\\n18 miles by a succession of rapids. The greatest fall is 87\\nfeet, and the next is 57 feet. The river at this point is 350\\nyards wide, and these falls, next to Niagara, are, probably,\\nthe grandest in the world. The Missouri enters the Missis-\\nsippi 2894 miles from its source, 17 miles above St. Louis,\\nand 1332 above the gulf of Mexico. There are but few\\nobstructions to the navigation for 1550 miles from its mouth.\\nThrough the greater part of its course, the Missouri is a rapid\\nand turbid stream. The fertile land on its margin and on\\nthose of its tributaries is not very broad, and back of this are\\nrolling and level prairies of vast extent. The river is half a\\nmile wide at its entrance into the Mississippi, but through a\\ngreater part of its course it is much wider. It receives nu-\\nmerous tributaries, the most important of Avhich are the Yellow\\nStone river, 650 yards wide at its mouth; Chienne river, 450\\nyards wide at its mouth Wliite river, 275 yards wide Big\\nSioux river, Platte river, Kansas river. Grand and Osage\\nrivers. The entire extent of area drained by the Missouri\\nand its tributaries, is estimated at 600,000 square miles.\\nBellefontaiiie, St. Louis co., 5 miles above the mouth of\\nthe Missouri a small pleasant village on the right.\\nHall s Perry, in the same co., well situated 12 miles above;\\nhas a good landing.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "PLACES OJf THE MISSOURI EIVER. 99\\nSt. Cliarles City, capital of St. Charles co., Mo,, 7\\nmiles above it has an elevated and handsome situation on\\nthe north bank of the river, and is the first high land on the\\nriver above its mouth. The shore is here rocky, and the allu-\\nvial land commences at the lower end of the town. It has\\nthe county buildings, and a college under the direction of the\\nmethodists. Immense quarries of lime and sand stone and\\ncoals are found in the vicinit3^ Pop. 1850, 1,498; 1856,\\nabout 4,000.\\nMissouriton, St. Charles co.. Mo., 33 miles above; a\\nsmall thriving village.\\nWashington, Franklin co., Mo., 8 miles above a pleasant\\ngrowing village, the principal shipping port of the county.\\nPop. about 300.\\nNewport, Franklin co.. Mo., 5 miles above, a thriving\\nvillage was formerly the county-seat. Pop. about 350.\\nGriswold City, in the same co., 16 miles above, situated\\non high ground, has an enterprising population of about 250.\\nPinckney, Warren co.. Mo., 18 miles above, well situated\\nfor trade is the shipping port of the county.\\nBridgeport, in the same co., 1 mile above. This village\\npromises to be of considerable importance has an active trade\\nwith the back country.\\nHerman, capital of Gasconade co., Mo., 3 miles above;\\nsettled principally by enterprising German farmers. It is\\nrapidly increasing in population and wealth two newspapers\\nare published here. Pop. 1850, 943.\\nGasconade River,* Mo., 6 miles above rises in the\\nsouthern part of the state, in Wright co. after a northeast-\\nerly course of 220 miles, and receiving the tributaries of Big\\nPiney Fork, Robidoux, and s^eral smaller streams, it enters\\nthe Missouri in Gasconade coimty. It is navigable for steam-\\nboats, in high water, for 50 miles, and immense quantities of\\npine lumber are floated down the river.\\nPortland, Galway co.. Mo., 14 miles above, pleasantly\\nsituated on an elevated bank of the river, is rapidly growing,\\nand enjoys considerable trade has several stores and ware-\\nhouses. Pop. about 450.\\nSmith s Landing, in the same co., 12 miles above, is the\\ncommencement of a village, with encouraging prospects.\\nOsage River, Mo., 9 miles above, on the left, rises in the\\nShawnee country (Kansas), by several heads, and, after flow-\\nNovember 1, 1855, a frig-htful railroad catastrophe, involving; the loss of\\nabout 20 lives, occurred at this point, on the opening of the Pacific railroad\\nto Jefferson City, caused by the falling of the bridge over the river.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "100 PLACES ON THE MIS^SOTJKI RIVER.\\ning 200 miles, enters Missouri in Vernon and Cass cos.,\\nwhence it takes a north-northeasterly direction, and, after\\nreceiving the Sac river, and several others of less note, enters\\nthe Missouri on the dividing line betvreen Cole and Osage\\ncos., 10 miles below Jefferson City. Its whole course is\\nabout 550 miles, 225 of which are navigable during high-\\nwater. It passes through a rich agricultural region, carrying\\nto market a large amount of produce.\\nJEFFERSON CITY,\\nCapital of Cole co., find capital of Missouri, 8 miles above,\\nis delightfully situated near the central part of the state, on\\nan elevated bank, overlooking the river, and commanding a\\ndelightful view of the adjacent hills on the opposite side of the\\nriver. It contains the statehouse, governor s house, state peni-\\ntentiary, and other public buildings. It has a good river and\\ninland trade, and is gradually and substantially rising in wealth\\nand importance. A railroad connects this town with St. Louis.\\nSeveral newspapers are published here. Pop. 1850, 3,721.\\nHibernia, Callaway co.. Mo., a thriving post-village, op-\\nposite Jefferson City.\\nMarion, in the same co., 17 miles above, is well situated\\non high ground. Pop. about 350.\\nMoniteau, Moniteau co., 4 miles above; a prosperous\\nsettlement, with a good steamboat-landing.\\nNashville, Boone co.. Mo., 3 miles above, is a new, thri-\\nA ing village, well situated. Pop. about 300.\\nProvidence, in the same co., 2 miles above has a good\\nlanding, and is the shipping point for the lower part of the\\ncounty. It is the nearest point on the river to Columbia, the\\ncounty town.\\nRoolieport, in the same co., 18 miles above, situated just\\nbelow the mouth of the Manitou creek, is a place of consid-\\nerable trade, having a good landing. A bed of stone coal\\nexists in the vicinity.\\nBooneville, capital of Cooper co., Mo., 14 miles above;\\na flourishing commercial town, well situated to command the\\ntrade of the northern central part of the state. It is sur-\\nrounded by a rich agricultural region, the soil of which is\\nwell adapted to the cultivation of the grape. It is favored\\nwith pure water, and is ranked among the healthiest places\\nof the West. Lead, iron, coal, and marble, are found in the\\nvicinity. It exports cattle and provisions. Pop., 1850,\\n2 326; 1856, about 5,500.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "rLAC2S ON THE MISSOURI KIVER. 101\\nOld Franklin, Howard co., Mo., 2 miles above, a small\\nlanding-place of a few houses. Pop. about 150.\\nArro w Rock, Saline co., Mo., 9 miles above pleasantly-\\nsituated, and is the landing-place for Marshall, the, county-\\nseat. Pop. about 200.\\nBoonesboro Howard co.. Mo., 3 miles above, a small\\nthriving post-village, Avell situated for trade. Pop. about 250.\\nBliiffport, in the same co., 8 miles above, a new village\\nand landing-place. Pop. about 200.\\nGlasgo^w, Howard co.. Mo., 6 miles above, one of the\\nmost flourishing villages on the river, is situated on the north\\nbank of the river, having an elevated position, and has an\\nactive river and inland trade. Large quantities of the agri-\\ncultural products of the county are shipped from this point.\\nPop. about 1,400.\\nChariton, Chariton co.. Mo., 5 miles above, a pleasant thri-\\nving village, half a mile from the Missouri river, near the\\nChariton river; it exports considerable produce.\\nOld Jefferson, Saline co,. Mo., 8 miles above, a village\\nof recent founding, well situated for business.\\nDoylestown, in the same co., 7 miles above, a pleasant\\nsettlement, containing some twenty houses.\\nBruns-wick, Chariton co.. Mo., 8 miles above, 1 mile from\\nthe river, a prosperous village its trade is very considerable.\\nPop. of town, 1850, 1,214; of village, 1850, 36*3.\\nGrand River, Mo., 2 miles above, rises in the south part\\nof Iowa, by two heads, one of which enters the state in Gen-\\ntry county, the other in Mercer and Hanison counties they\\nunite in Livingston county. Its course is southeasterly till\\nit unites with the Missouri river, on the line between Carroll\\nand Charitoa counties. It is navigable for a short distance;\\nwhole length, 220 miles.\\nDe Witt, Carroll co., Mo., 2 miles above, a good landing-\\nplace, from which considerable produce is shipped down the\\nriver.\\nMiami, Saline co., Mo., 4 miles above, a new settlement\\nof a few houses.\\nHill s Landing, in the same co., 16 miles above, a new\\nvillage of but little trade, the back country being sparsely\\nsettled.\\n_ Waverley, Lafayette co., Mo., 5 miles above, pleasantly\\nsituated on an elevated bank overlooking the river an impor-\\ntant point on the river. Pop. about 750.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "102 PLACES OX THE MISSOURI RIVEK.\\nLEXINGTON CITY,\\nCapital of Lafayette co., Mo., 20 miles above, one of the\\nmost important places of Western Missouri, is delightfully-\\nsituated on the south bank of the river, overlooking the sur-\\nrounding country. The pure air and water render this one of\\nthe pleasantest and healthiest points on the river. Large\\ncoal-beds have been opened in the vicinity. The large com-\\npanies, en route for California, here and at Independence, pur-\\nchase the surplus agricultural products of this region, as well\\nas horses and mules, for their long and perilous journey. The\\ncity is well provided with churches, and other public buildings.\\nHere are located a landoffice, a bank, and several newspapers\\nand the place is gradually but healthfully increasing in wealth\\nand population. Pop., 1850, 1818; 1856, about 5,000.\\nWellington, in the same co., 10 miles above, a small\\npleasant village. Pop. about 200.\\nCamden, Ray co.. Mo., 8 miles above, pleasantly situated\\nat a sharp bend in the river has an active trade. Pop. about\\n700.\\nNapoleon, Jackson co.. Mo., 7 miles above the town is\\nsituated on the south bank of the river, on high ground, and\\ncommands considerable trade.\\nSibley, Jackson co.. Mo., 8 miles above, a pleasant land-\\ning-place. Pop. about 200.\\nRichfield, Clay co.. Mo., 9 miles above, is well situated\\nfor trade, on an acute angle in the river.\\nLiberty Landing, Clay co.. Mo., 14 miles above, a small\\nvillage, the landing-j^lace for Liberty, capital of Clay county.\\nLiberty is rapidly increasing in wealth. It has a handsome\\nbrick courthouse and several churches, and is surrounded by\\na highly-productive farming district. Stone-coal and lime-\\nstone abound in the vicinity. Pop., 1850, 659; 1856, about\\n2,300.\\nWayne City, Jackson co.. Mo., 7 miles above, pleasant-\\nly-situated, is the landing-place of Independence, which is 5\\nmiles south of this point.\\nIndependence, capital of Jackson co., Mo., a hig^hly prosperous town.\\nBituated 5 miles south of the Missouri river. Here the Jlormone attempted\\nto establish themselves, but the opposition of the inhabitants obliged them\\nto remove. This place enjoys considerable Indian trade, but is rendered\\nimportant as being the great rendezvous of overland emigration and travel\\nto Santa Fe, Utah, and the Pacific, and a point through which the Pacific\\nrailroad will probably pass. Situated in the midst of a fertile district, which\\nproduces large quantities of provisions, it is enabled to supply the immense\\ndemand for these articles, caused by the constant throng of emigrants seek-\\ning a home or temporary residence in the region toward the great Pacific", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSOURI BIVER. 103\\nHorses, mules, cattle, and all descriptions of merchandise, find here a ready\\nmarket at good prices. It is connected with the river by a railroad. It has\\nthe usual county buildings, several churches, public houses, newspapers,\\nc. Pop. about 4,500.\\nRandolph, Clay co., Mo., 6 miles above Wayne city a\\nsmall thriving village, well situated for trade.\\nKansas City, Jackson co.. Mo,, 4 miles above, and 15\\nmiles west of Independence, is pleasantly situated on the\\nsouth bank of the river, half a mile below the mouth of the\\nKansas. It has a commodious landing, and an active trade,\\nboth by the river and with the interior. It contains several\\nchurches, and other public building. Pop. about 2,000.\\nCouncil Grove, Kan., 140 miles west-southwest from Kansas city; a\\ncelebrated stopping-place for travellers from Independence to Santa Fe.\\nIt contains several trading-houses, a missionary station, and carpenters and\\nblacksmith-shops,\\nKansas River, half a mile above Kansas City, is a large\\ntributary of the Missouri river. It rises in Kansas territory,\\n40 miles northeast of Pike s Peak, on the Rocky mountains,\\nand, flowing easterly, falls into the Missouri 15| miles above\\nIndependence, near the point where it enters the state of\\nMissouri. Estimated length, 1,050 miles, some 700 of which\\nare navigable during a high stage of the water. It is 300\\nyards wide at its mouth. It receives a large number of trib-\\nutaries, the most important of which are the Republican fork,\\n700 miles in length. Grand Saline fork, 250 miles, and Solo-\\nmon fork, 250 miles.\\nThere are a number of villages springing up along the banks of the Kan-\\nsas, some of which are important points, and will soon become flourishing\\ncities and towns.\\nLawrence City, Kansas, beautifully situated on the south side of Kan-\\nsas river, on high ground. There is a high prairie ridge immediately in\\nthe rear of the town. The city is laid out one mile square, and the streets\\nrunning east and west, are named after the revolutionary leaders and sagee,\\nwhile those running north and south are named after various states, on both\\nsides of Mason and Dixon s line. In 1853, it had not a single house or in-\\nhabitant now it numbers from 100 to 200 dwellings, most of them log-\\ncabins, though a few of them are large frame buildings. There are several\\nsubstantial stores and warehouses along the margin of the river. Excellent\\nbuilding stone is found in the vicinity, which is in good demand, as sawmills\\nare scarce in this region. From its favorable position, this infant city must\\nbecome an important shipping point.\\nBristol, Douglas, and Tecumseh, along the rivers, above Lawrence\\nCity, are favorable points, and no doubt will soon become large towns.\\nWyandot City, Kan., a beautiful settlement, half a mile\\nabove the entrance of the Kanzas into the Missouri its posi-\\ntion being one of much importance, it will probably become\\na large commercial town.\\nWestport Landing, Jackson co., Mo., 5 miles above; it\\nis a new settlement, has a commanding position, and is the\\nlanding-place for Westport City.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "104 PLACES ON THE MISSOURI RIVER.\\nWestport City, Jackson co., Mo., a short distance south of Westport\\nLanding-, is a flourishing town on the road from Independence lo Santa Fe\\nand California. It is among- the largest towns in this region, and is rapidly-\\nadvancing in population. jPop. about 1,800.\\nParkersville, Platte co., Mo., 8 miles above, and 1 mile\\nbelow the entrance of Little Platte river into the Missouri a\\nvillaa^e of recent growth, well calculated for extensive trade.\\nPopy 1850, 309.\\nLittle Platte River, Mo., 1 inile above, rises in the\\nsouthern part of Iowa, and enters the state in Nodoway co.\\nthen flowing southerly, and receiving several tributaries, it\\nenters the Missouri river in Platte county. Length 200 miles.\\nPlatte City, capital of Platte co., Mo., situated on the east side of the\\nriver of the same name, 12 miles from its mouth, and 6 miles east of Fort\\nLeavenworth, has an advantageous position and a good trade with the\\nadjacent countrj Pop., 1850, 411.\\nFort Leavenv/orth, Kan., 25 miles above the oldest and\\nlaost important militaiy post on the Missouri river, having been\\nestablished in 1827. It is situated on a high bluff, 140 feet\\nabove the river at high water, and commands a splendid view\\nof the surrounding country. The government reservation of\\n9 miles square is well calculated for the purposes to which it\\nis appropriated. The buildings are tastefully and substan-\\ntially built of stone, three stories high, and present quite a\\nformidable appearance. Several companies of United States\\ntroops are usually stationed here.\\nKickapoo, Kan., 4 miles above, is beautifully situated on\\nthe west side of the river a substantial trading house is here\\nerected, and it is the seat of a mission for the Kickapoo In-\\ndians. It is well calculated for a large river port, having an\\nexcellent landing for steamboats, and elevated building sites.\\nWeston City, Platte co., Mo., 1 mile above. This beau-\\ntiful town is delightfully situated on the west side of the river,\\noverlooking the surrounding country. It has a heavy and\\nprosperous trade with Salt Lake City, as well as the numerous\\ncompanies of California emigrants that here purchase cattle\\nand provisions for their long journey. This town furnishes\\nto Port Leavenworth the private and governmental supplies,\\nwhich are very considerable. A railroad has been chartered,\\nextending from Weston to the Hannibal and St. Joseph rail-\\nroad, and one from St. Joseph, via Weston and Parkville, to\\nKansas City. A company has been formed to construct a\\nrailroad from this point to St. Louis. The first settlement\\nwas made in 1838. Pop. of the town, 1850, 1,628; of the\\ncity in 1856 about 4,000.\\nAtcliison, Kan., 11 miles above a pleasant village, finely", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON THE MISSOURI RIVJ3K. 105\\nBituated on the west bank of the river, just above the mouth\\nof Independence creek. It is of recent settlement and prom-\\nises to become an important river port.\\nDoniplian, Neb., 12 miles aboA^e. This village, recently\\nsettled, bids fair to become a prosperous town. The land ad-\\njoining the settlement on the west, and along the river, is very\\nfertile. It has a good landing.\\nST. JOSEPH,\\nCapital of Buchanan co.. Mo., 11 miles above, on an acute\\nangle in the river, and 315 miles above Jefferson City. This\\nis a point of much commercial importance. It is the most\\npopulous, and probably enjoj ^s a greater amount of trade than\\nany other town on the river above Jefferson City. It con-\\ntains superior county buildings, churches, several flour and\\nsaw mills, two newspapers, bagging factories, c., c. Large\\nquantities of wheat, hemp and tobacco, are exported from this\\npoint. A railroad from this town to Hannibal, on the Missis-\\nsippi, has been projected. Pop. about 6,000.\\nNodo way River, 42 miles above, rises in the southern part\\nof Iowa, and passing into Missouri, forms the dividing line\\nbetween Atchison and Nodoway, and Holt and Andrew cos.,\\nand enters the Missouri on the northern bend, 1 mile below\\nlittle Tarkoe creek.\\nBig Tarkoe River, Mo., 8 miles above a rapid stream\\n35 miles in length.\\nOregon, capital of Holt co,, two and a half miles from the Missouri river,\\nand up Big Tarkoe river; anew, prosperous village, situated in the midst\\nof a rich agricultural district. Pop. about 450.\\nGreat Nahama River, 43 miles above; 40 miles in\\nlength.\\nBrownsville, Neb., 34 miles above, situated on the west\\nbank of the Missouri, on high ground, at a sharp bend in\\nthe river.\\nOtoe City, Neb., 17 miles above; a growing settlement,\\nnearly opposite Missouri and Iowa state line.\\nNebraska City, Neb., 34 miles alcove this infant town\\nis well located, and promises to become an important point\\non the upper Missouri.\\nBethlehem, Mills co., lo., 3 miles above a new enter-\\nprising village, with a superior landing.\\nPlattsmouth, Neb., 28 miles above a new settlement of\\ntwenty-five houses\\nPlatteville, Mills co., lo., 5 miles above, situated on an\\neminence overlooking the river well situated for trade.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "106 PLACES ON THE MISSOURI RIVEE.\\nNebraska, or Platte River, 13 miles above a large river\\nof Nebraska, and one of the largest tributaries of the Mis-\\nsouri it rises by two branches in the Rocky mountains, which\\nunite 475 miles from their source, and, after an easterly course\\nof about 1500 miles in the whole, unites with the Missouri\\n21 miles below Council Bluffs. Its principal tributaries are the\\nEllchorn and Loup Eork. It is from three quarters to 2^\\nmiles broad, and so shallow that, excepting at high-water, it\\ncan be forded at almost any point. It has a large number of\\nislands covered with cotton-wood, willow, and shrubs and\\nthe shifting sands in its bed effectually prevent navigation,\\nexcept near its mouth. Eor the distance of 200 miles from\\nits mouth, it flows through a. fertile country, which is settling\\nby emigrants from the eastern arid middle states.\\nCalifornia City, Mills co., lo., a small settlement nearly\\nopposite the mouth of Nebraska river.\\nTrader s Point, Pottawattomie co., lo., 15 miles above;\\na new settlement of some twenty houses.\\nBelleview, Neb., nearly opposite Trader s Point, a small\\nvillage.\\nCouncil Bluffs, Neb., situated on the west bank of the\\nMissouri, 6 miles above, and 727 miles from its mouth, and\\nthe highest point to which steamboats can ascend celebrated\\nas the place where a great Indian council was once held.\\nOmaha City, Neb., 4 m. above Council Bluffs. This town\\nhas recently been laid out and settled by enterprising men,\\nand from its favorable position, promises to become a large\\ncity. The session of the 1st judicial district court of Nebraska\\nwas held here in October, 1855.\\nCouncil Bluffs City, capital of Pottawattomie co., lo., 1 mile above\\nOmaha city a flourishing- place, well situated, a short distance from the\\neast bank of the Missouri, on a beautiful, extended plain. A portion of\\nthe emigrants for Salt Lake and the Pacific, here fjrocure their outfit. This\\nis the largest town in western Missouri, and is rapidly increasing in wealth.\\nIt has a number of elegant stores, several churches, and many elegant pri-\\nvate buildings. Pop. about 6,000.\\nFort Croghan, in the same co., near Council Bluffs City.\\nFort Calhoun, Neb., 18 miles above.\\nSioux City, Woodbury co., lo., 357 miles above, a new\\nsettlement at the confluence of the Big Sioux river with the\\nMissouri. This is the last place of any note on the Missouri.\\nIt is favorably situated on a high bank, and in a few years\\ndoubtless will become an important town.\\nNote From this point to the sources of the Missouri, the distance is\\nabout 1.760 miles, and when Young America plants cities and towns along:\\nthese waters, we, or our successors, will chronicle them for the benefit of\\nwhom it may concern.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "PLACES on Lakes ERIE, HIJROIT, MICHIGAN,\\nFrom Buffalo to Chicago.\\nLAKE BRIE,\\nOne of the five great lakes of North America, drained hy the\\nSt. Lawrence, is situated north of New York, Pennsylvania,\\nand Ohio, and constitutes a part of the boundary between the\\nUnited States and Canada. It is 255 miles long, and its ex-\\ntreme breadth is 58 miles. It receives the waters of Superior,\\nMichigan, and Huron lakes, through Detroit river, and dis-\\nchai-ges its waters through Niagara river, into Lake Ontario.\\nIts surface is elevated 565 feet above tide-water in the Hudson\\nriver at Albany. The greatest depth yet ascertained is 270\\nfeet. Near the shores it is shallow, and its navigation is for\\nseveral months in the winter prevented by its being frozen.\\nThe commerce of this lake has been greatly increased by the\\nconstruction of numerous railroads and canals, connecting its\\nvarious ports with the interior and tide-water. The shipping\\nof the several American ports on this lake, is about 160,000\\ntons, of which about one half is employed in steam navigation.\\nThe commerce of the port of Buffalo is about $100,000,000\\nannually. The amount of travel and business, which the\\nrailroads and canals conduct to it, is very great, and constant-\\nly increasing. Violent storms, as severe as any experienced\\non the Atlantic, often visit this lake, destroying life and\\nproperty.\\nPerry s Victory on Lake Erie. In the autumn of 1812, Commodore\\nChauncey had fitted out a small naval armament at Sackett s Harbor, to\\ndispute the mastery on Lake Ontario with several British armed vessels\\nthen afloat. And during the summer of 1813, Commodore Perry had fitted\\nout on Lake Erie an American squadron of nine vessels, mounting- 54 guns,\\nto co-operate with the army of the west. The British had also prepared\\na small squadron of 6 vessels, carrying 63 guns, commanded by Commo-\\ndore Barclay. The hostile fleets met near the western extremity of Lake\\nErie, on the morning of the 10th September, 1818, and a battle ensued. The\\nbrave Perry managed with the skill of an old admiral. At 4 P. M. every\\nBritish vessel had surrendered to him, and before sunset he had sent a\\nmessenger to General Harrison, with this famous despatch: We have\\nmet the enemy, and they are ours. Soon after the commencement of the\\naction. Perry s flag-ship became an unmanageable wreck, having all her\\ncrew, except four or five, killed or wounded. Perry then left her in an\\nopen boat, and hoisted his flag on the Niagara. With this vessel he passed\\nthrough the enemy s line, pouring broadsides right and left, at half pistol-\\nshot distance. The remainder of the squadron followed, with a fair wind,\\nand the victory was soon decided. The carnage was very great in propor-\\ntion to the numbers engaged. The Americans lost 27 killed and 93", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "108 PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN.\\ne r^^\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0wounded. The British lost about 200 in killed and wounded, and 600 pris-\\noners. Perry s treatment of his prisoners received the highest applause.\\nCommodore Barclay declared that his humane conduct was sufficient to\\nimmortalize him.\\nBUFFALO CITY,\\nPort of entry, and capital of Erie county, N. Y., is situated\\non the outlet of Lake Erie, at the head of Niagara river, and\\non Buifalo creek, which constitutes its harbor, 3G0 miles west\\nof Albany. The land rises by a gentle ascent, 2 miles from\\nthe water, to an extended plain, and from the elevated parts\\nof the city are fine views of the lake, Niagara river, and the", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "110 PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN.\\nCanada shore. The city has several broad and regular streets\\nMain street is two miles long and 120 feet broad. There are\\nthree public squares, which add much to the salubrity and\\nbeauty of the city. The various public buildings, such as the\\ncourthouse, and other county edifices, churches, banking-\\nhouses, and asylums, planned on a liberal scale, add much to\\nits appearance. Great attention has here been paid to the\\nsubject of education. The harbor is commodious and safe,\\nhaving 14 feet of water 1 mile from its entrance into the lake\\nbut it originally had a bar across its mouth to obviate this\\na pier, 1,500 feet long, has been constructed, upon the end of\\nwhich a light-house has been erected. BuiFalo was originally\\nlaid out by the Hollanders in 1801. It was entirely burned\\nby the British in 1814. The commencement of the rapid\\ngrowth and great importance of this town, may be dated fi om\\nthe opening of the Erie canal in 1825. The amount of com-\\nmercial business with the canals, lakes, and the several rail-\\nroads that centre here, is immense. The commerce canied\\non between Buffalo and Canada in 1850, amounted to more\\nthan $500,000. A great chain of raikoad binds Buffalo to\\nNew York, Boston, Albany, and the great West consequent-\\nly most of the travel of the northern Atlantic cities passes\\nthrough it. Its population and wealth have increased within\\nthe last 15 years, and it now ranks as the fourtli city of the\\nstate, and the twelfth of the United States, in respect of\\npopulation. Pop., 1810, 1,508; 1850, 42,261; present pop.,\\nwith the addition of Black Rock, annexed to it, 1854, 83,000.\\nSilver Creek, Chautauque co., N. Y., 34 miles from Buf-\\nfalo a thriving village, has a good harbor and several factories.\\nPop. 550.\\nDunkirk, 12 miles southwest, in the same co., the ter-\\nminus of the Erie railroad, to which it chiefly owes its pros-\\nperity, 460 miles from New York, an important town, beauti-\\nfully situated on ground gradually rising from the lake. The\\nraikoad company has made large investments in erecting a\\nsplendid and commodious depot building for the tranship-\\nment of the immense quantities of goods and agricultural\\nproductions that are constantly passing from New York city,\\nand the great West. The harbor is safe and commodious for\\nthe numerous steamboats that are constantly leaving for, and\\narriving from, the ports on the upper lakes. Its commerce is\\nvery great, amounting to $10,000,000 annually. Pop. 4,300.\\nErie, a post borough, port of entry, and capital of Erie co.,\\nPa., 44 miles southwest, favorably situated on Presque isle", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "PLACES OK LAKES ERIE, HUSOK, AND MICHIGAN. Ill\\nbay. The depth of water on the bar is 10 feet, and within,\\nmuch deeper, affording one of the best harbors on the lake.\\nThe government have expended large sums in improving the\\nharbor and erecting a lighthouse. A canal connects Erie\\nwith Beaver, Pa., and the Ohio river. Several railroads con-\\nnect at this point. Commodore Perry s fleet was fitted out\\nhere in the war of 1812. Pop., 1850, 5,858.\\nConneaut Harbor, Ashtabula co., 0., 30 miles from\\nErie, This flourishing village is situated at the entrance of\\nConneaut creek into Lake Erie. The harbor is safe and\\ncommodious, from which a large amount of agricultural prod-\\nucts are shipped east. Pop., 1850, 818.\\nAshtabula, Ashtabula co., 0., 14 miles west, pleasantly\\nsituated on both sides of the Ashtabula river, 2^ miles from\\nits entrance into the lake. It is a thriving village, enjoying\\nconsiderable export trade. Pop., 1850, 821.\\nFairport, Lake co., 0., 29 miles west a flourishing village,\\nat the mouth of Grand river, has a good harbor, and is well\\nprotected from storms. Pop. about 400.\\nPainesville, the county seat of Lake co., is situated 3 miles from Fair-\\nport up Grand river, and has a good trade with the surrounding country.\\nPop. of town, 3,128.\\nCLEVELAND CITY,\\nCapital of Cuyahoga co., 0., and port of entry, 32 miles from\\nFairport, and 135 north-northeast of Columbus. Excepting\\na small portion immediately on the Cuyahoga river, the city\\nis situated on a gravelly plain, elevated 80 feet above the\\nlevel of the lake, of Avhich it has a commanding prospect.\\nThe streets are wide and pleasant; Main street is 120 feet\\nwide. The location is dry and healthy. Near the centre of\\nthe town there is a public square of 10 acres, enclosed and\\nbeautifully shaded with trees. Cleveland is the emporium of\\nNorthern Ohio, and, next to Cincinnati, the most important\\ncity in the state. The harbor is one of the best on the lake,\\nbeing formed by the mouth of the Cuyahoga river, and im-\\nproved by a pier on each side extending 425 yards into the\\nlake, 200 feet apart, and faoed with substantial stone masonry.\\nThis is the grand mart of the greatest grain-growing state in\\nthe Union. The natural advantages of this place are unsur-\\npassed in the West, as it has a ready communication, by\\nmeans of railroads and canals, with all sections of the west-\\nem valley. Its various spacious and splendid public build-\\nings are planned with reference to the prospective, as well as", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "112 PLACES ON LAKES EEIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN.\\nthe present wants of the city, and speak well for its public\\nspirit. The Western Reserve medical college, founded in\\n1844, is located here. Pop., 1830, 1,016; 1850, 17,034.\\nGuyalioga River, rises in Geauga co., and, flowing south-\\nwest 35 miles, thence northwest 36 miles, enters the lake at\\nCleveland. It has a number of falls, affording great power\\nfor mill-sites. It is but little affected with long droughts.\\nOhio City, Cuyahoga co., 0., situated on the lake at the\\nmouth of the Cuyahoga, opposite Cleveland the ground on\\nwhich it stands is uneven, and presents many fine situations\\nwhich overlook the lake, Cleveland, and surrounding coun-\\ntry. Foundries and machine-shops are in successful operation.\\nEnterprise and public spirit characterize its inhabitants.\\nPop. 4,200.\\nBlack River, 30 miles from Cleveland, entei s the lake\\njust above Black River village.\\nBlack River, Lorain co., O., a flourishing village, well sit-\\nuated at the mouth of the river of the same name the princi-\\npal shipping port of the county. Pop., 1850, 659.\\nVerniilion River, 10 miles from Black river, a small river\\nwhich enters Lake Erie at the northeast corner of Huron co.\\nHuron, Erie co., O., 12 miles from Vermilion river, at the\\nmouth of the Huron river; a prosperous village. Pop. of\\ntown, 1,397.\\nSANDUSKY CITY,\\nPort of entry, and capital of Erie co., 0., 10 miles from Huron,\\npleasantly situated on the south shore of Sandusky bay,\\nfronting the opening into the lake, of which it has a beautiful\\nview. The town is based upon an inexhaustible quarry of\\nthe finest building stone. It is an important point of tran-\\nshipment, having a large trade with the interior. Owing tp\\nits having been occasionally visited with fatal diseases, it has\\nnot increased with the same rapidity as most other lake towns\\nyet the draining of swamps, and other sanitary measures,\\nhave rendered this nearly as healthy a residence as other\\nplaces on the lake. Pop., 1856, about 12,000.\\nOn .July 21, 1813, about 4,000 British and Indians, under Proctor and\\nTecumseh, appeared before Fort Meigs, then commanded by General\\nClay, of Kentucky. Meeting with a vigorous resistance, Proctor left\\nTecumseh, while he marched (July 28) with 500 regulars and 800 Indians\\nto attack Fort Stephenson, at Lower Sandusky, garrisoned by only 150\\nmen, under Major Crogan, a youth only 21 years of age. Proctor s demand\\nfor surrender was accompanied by the usual menace of Indian massacre;\\nbut it did not intimidate Crogan, who promptly replied to the demand and\\nthreat, that when the Fort should be taken, there would be none left to\\nmassacre, bs it would not be given up while there was a man left to fight.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, IIUP.OX, AND MICHIGAN. 113\\nAfter a severe carnonnde had made a bread), the liesiegers attempted to\u00c2\u00bb\\nrush in and take the place by assault, but so ten ible was the fire of grrape-\\nehot from, the only cannon in the fort, that they recoiled, panic-stricken,\\nand the whole body fled in confusion, leaving 150 of their number killed\\nor wounded. The Americans lost only one man killed and 7 wounded.\\nThis gallant defence was universally applauded, and it had a powerful\\neffect upon the Indians.\\nMarblehead Beacon, Ottawa co., O., 4 miles from San-\\ndusky City.\\nPort Clinton, capital of Ottawa co., 0., 11 miles above;\\npleasantly situated on the south side of Portage river at its\\nentrance into the lake. It has a good harbor with a light-\\nhouse at its entrance. It was laid out in 1827, with spacious\\nstreets. Pop. 300.\\nTOLEDO CITT,\\nPort of entry, Lucas co., O., 37 miles above, situated on the\\nwest bank of Maumee river, near its entrance into Maumee\\nbay, and extends along the river 1| miles. The principal\\nbusiness is transacted on two streets, the upper and lower\\nlandings. It is the termination of the Wabash and Erie canal,\\n467 miles in length. A vast amount of travel passes this\\npoint, by means of a railway, which connects it with Cleve-\\nland, Cincinnati, St. Louis, Chicago, Detroit, and other\\ncities of the great valley. The exports of grain and flour\\nfrom this point are larger than from any of the lake ports, ex-\\ncept Chicago. The town is in a highly prosperous condition,\\nand rapidly advancing in population and wealth. Distance\\nto Chicago, 247 miles. Pop., 1850, 3,827; 1854, 11,453.\\nErie, Monroe co., Mich., 11 miles above; a thriving,\\npleasant village, with a good landing. Pop., 1850, 1,146.\\nMonroe City, capital of Monroe co., Mich., 13 miles from\\nErie, on the Raisin river, 2 miles from the lake. It is advan-\\ntageously situated for commercial and manufacturing pur-\\nposes, the river alFording great water-power. A spacious\\ncanal extends from the town to the lake. Superior building-\\nstone and sulphur-springs are found in the vicinity. Several\\nplank roads terminate here. A splendid courthouse, and\\nother public buildings adorn the place. Pop., 1850, 2,813.\\nBurt, in the same co., 5 miles above, is a small pleasant\\nvillage. A large amount of lumber is sawed and shipped\\nfrom this point. Pop. about 350.\\nHuron River, 6 miles above, 60 miles in length.\\nGibraltar, Wayne co., Mich., 6 miles above, pleasantly\\nsituated on the west bank, and at the mouth of Detroit river\\n8", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^illlilivJil", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN. 115\\nhiis a safe harbor, and lighthouse, and extensive water-power\\nfor manufacturing purposes. Pop. about 350.\\nDETROIT CITY,\\nPort of entry, and capital of Wajoie co., Mich., 22 miles\\nabove, 352 miles west from Buffalo. It occupies a pleasant\\nand commanding situation on the west bank of Detroit river, 18\\nmiles from LakeErie, and 8 miles from Lake St. Clair. Thus\\nlocated between two great lakes, Huron and Erie, upon both\\nof which its vessels and steamboats carry on an extensive\\ntrade through all the upper lakes and the eastern states, it\\nis an important metropolis of the western states, and\u00c2\u00abs destined\\nto occupy a still higher rank among the great western marts\\nof trade. The city is agreeably laid out with broad streets,\\nsome of which converge at the Circus, a spacious public\\nground. Among the other parks is the Campus Martins,\\nnear the centre of the city. Parallel with the river, at the\\nfoot of the eminence upon which the town is built, is a street\\nlined with splendid warehouses and stores. Above this, an-\\nother street runs in the same direction; and still further\\nwest, is the principal business street, on which most of the\\npublic edifices are erected. The seat of government was re-\\nmoved from this city to Lansing in 1847. Its literary and\\nbenevolent institutions, its numerous splendid public build-\\nings, and its rapid advancement in population and wealth,\\nspeak well for its citizens. This is the terminus of the Great\\nWestern (Canada), the Michigan Central, the Detroit and\\nToledo, and the Pontiac railroads. Pop., 1840, 9,102; 1850,\\n21,019; 1853, 34,568.\\nDetroit River, forms the boundary between the United\\nStates and Canada, and extends from Lake St. Clair, 26\\nmiles, to Lake Erie. Opposite Detroit, it is three quarters of\\na mile wide, and is navigable for the largest vessels. Near\\nits mouth are several islands, the largest of which are Grosse\\nand Fighting islands. Back from the river, the land descends\\ninto low grounds, and the settlements are only one farm deep\\non the banks of the river. The settlements appear like a\\ncontinued village on the Canada shore, and also on the\\nAmerican side, for miles above and below Detroit and the\\nhouses are surrounded with frmt-trees, presenting a delight-\\nful spectacle in passing through the strait.\\nLake St. Clair, situated between Lakes Huron and Erie,\\nis 24 miles long, 30 wide, and 105 miles in circumference.\\nIts banks are alluvial, elevated 20 feet above the water, and", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "Scale efuHies\\nGO sa 100", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON LAKES EKIB, HURON, AND BIICHIGAN. 11^\\nhave a somewhat uneven surface. It receives Clinton river\\nfrom Michigan, and the Thames from Canada.\\nSt. Clair I?iver connects Lake Huron with Lake St.\\nClair, and discharges the waters of the upper lakes, Superior,\\nMichigan and Huron. It enters Lake St. Clair by several\\nchannels. It receives from Michigan the Black, Pine, and\\nBell rivers. The scenery along its banks is variegated and\\nbeautiful.\\nCottrellville, St. Clair co., Mich., 40 miles above Detroit,\\na flourishing village on St. Clair strait, well situated; consid-\\nerable lumber is exported from this point. Pop. 300.\\nSt. Clair, capital of St. Clair co., Mich., 10 miles above.\\nThis delightful village is situated on the south side of Pine\\nriver, at its entrance into the river St. Clair, on the site of\\nOld Fort St. Clair. Pop. about 1,250.\\nPort Huron, 13 miles above, in the same co., situated\\njust below the confluence of the Black river and river St.\\nClair, 2 miles below the outlet of Lake Huron, It is a thri-\\nving village, largely engaged in the lumber trade. Pop.,\\n18:50,1,582.\\nLAKE HURON,\\nOne of the five great lakes of North America, lies on the\\nboundary beg,veen the United States and Canada, 256 miles\\nlong, and averaging 76 miles broad, and contains 19,360\\nsquare miles. It receives the water of Lake Superior through\\nthe straits of St. Mary, and of Lake Michigan through the\\nstraits of Michilimackinac, and discharges its waters into Lake\\nErie through St. Clair river and lake, and Detroit river. Its\\nwaters are remarkably transparent, and objects can be dis-\\ncerned at a great distance below the surface. Ten miles east\\nof Saginaw Bay, soundings have in vain been sought at the\\ndepth of 1,700 feet. It is studded with some 1,500 islands.\\nLexington, Sanilac county, Mich., 23 miles above Port\\nHuron has a good harbor. Pop. 850.\\nPort Sanilac, in the same co., 21 miles above, well situ-\\nated. Pop. 252.\\nPoint Barques, the entrance to Saginaw bay, 58 miles\\nabove.\\nSaginavxT Bay, a branch of Lake Huron, 60 miles long,\\nand 30 miles wide, containing several islands. It is naviga^\\nble for vessels of any burden, and numerous coves, protected\\nby islands, aflbrd some of the best harbors on the lake.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": ":,ll!|l:i iiii!li;n;j l!lrlM|n,,|..: ;jiji", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HUROK^ AND MICHIGAN. 119\\nSagina^v River, Mich., is one of the largest rivers of the\\npeninsula. It is formed by the union of the Cass river from\\nthe east, the Flint and Shiawasse from the south, and Tibba-\\nwassee from the northwest. Its course is northeast to its\\nentrance into Saginaw bay. There is sufficient depth of\\nwater for the largest steamers to ascend to Saginaw City, 23\\nmiles from its mouth.\\nSaginaw City, capital of Saginaw co,, Mich., is beautifully situated on\\nthe west bank of Saginaw river, 23 miles from its mouth. The site of the\\ntown is elevated 35 feet above the river, and commands a fine view of the\\nwater. It has great natural advantages, and is fast rising in imjjortance.\\nBeing in the midst of the pineries, it exports large quantities of lumber.\\nIt has an active trade with the several counties on the south, and its lake\\ntrade is very considerable. It has fine county buildings, several substantial\\nwarehouses.and a number of church-edifices. Pop. about 1,500.\\nThunder Bay, off Alpena co., 72 miles above Pt. Barques.\\nPresque Isle lighthouse, 33 miles above.\\nForty-Mile Point, in the same co., 38 miles above.\\nMackinaw, MicMlimackinac, or Mackinac, capital\\nof Mackinaw county, Mich., 39 miles above, situated on the\\nsoutheast extremity of an island of the same name, and on\\nthe strait that connects Lakes Michigan and Huron. Large\\nquantities of trout and white fish are exported, and an exten-\\nsive fur trade is transacted here. On a commanding eminence,\\nstands a strong fort, overlooking the country at all points,\\nexcept the north. The picturesque scenery and unrivalled\\nfishing-grounds attract a large number of visiters during the\\nsummer months.\\nLake Superior, the largest body of fresh water in the world, situated\\nin the northern part of the United States and southern part of the British\\npossessions, the boundary line between the two countries passing through\\nirs central part. Its extreme length is 410 miles, and breadth 143 miles. It\\nis surrounded mostly by a rocky and uneven coast, and contains many\\nislands, one of the largest of which is Isle Royal, 42 miles long, and 34\\nbroad. It abounds with fish, particularly trout, sturgeon, and white-fish,\\nwhich are caught at all seasons, and in large quantities, weighing from 2.5\\nto 50 lbs. each. The storms on this lake are equal to those on the Atlantic.\\nIts surface is elevated 625 feet above the level of the sea, and its mean\\ndepth is 900 feet. Its waters are remarkably clear and transparent. It\\nreceives more than 30 rivers, and discharges itself into Lake Huron by the\\nstraits of St. Mary. The j)ictured rocks, on its south shore, toward its\\neast end, are a great curiosity. They form a perpendicular wall, 300 feet\\nhigh, extending about 12 miles. They have caves which receive the waters\\nwith a tremendous roar; at one place a considerable stream is thrown from\\nthem into the lake by a single leap from the height of 70 feet, and boats can\\npass dry between it and the rocky shore. At another place four rocky pil-\\nlars support a stratum and entablature of stone covered with soil, on which\\ntrees of spruce grow, some of which are 60 feet high this is called the\\nDoric Ilock, or arch, and appears like a work of art. On the south-\\nwestern borders of the lake, are found immense deposites of copper,\\nwhich are being worked to great advantage. This lake has many attrac-\\ntions to the sportsman, traveller, and geologist.\\nSt. Mary s Strait forms the outlet of Lake Superior, and connects it\\nwith Lake Huron. It enters the lake by three passages, the east, middle,", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "PLAOES on lakes ERIE, IIUKON, AND MICHIGAN. 121\\nand west Ftraits. It has several islands; Sugar, Sailor s, Encampment,\\nLime-Kiln, and Drummond island, at its mouth. Its general width is three\\nquarters of mile, and the current 1^ miles per hour. The rapids are three\\nquarters of a mile lon^, and have a fall of 23 feet. The entire fall of the\\nriver from Lake Superior to its mouth, is 44 feet; length, 88 miles.\\nNote. A ship canal has been constructed around these rapids. For this\\npurpose, Congress appropriated to the state of Michigan 750,000 acres of\\nland, which the state contracted to give to several capitalists, free of taxa-\\ntion for five years, provided the canal was completed by the 20th May, 1855.\\nThe accomplishment of this gigantic work has added 1,700 miles of coast to\\nour trade. The canal is 100 feet wide, at the top of the water, which is 12\\nfeet deep. The two locks are probably the largest in the world, the com-\\nbined length of the two sides and wings of both of them being nearly one\\nthird of alnile, and the gates each 40 feet wide. The main part of the work\\nwas cut through solid rock.\\nSault De St. Marie, capital of Chippewa co., Mich., is on the south\\nside of St. Mary s Strait, halt a mile below the foot of Lake Superior. The\\nvillage is on the site of an old French fort, and has an elevated and pleasant\\nsituation. Here are houses of worship for different denominations. Large\\nquantities of excellent fish are caught near the town and shipped eastward.\\nThe American Fur Company have here a depot tradic^-house. Popula-\\ntion, 1850, 808.\\nLAKE MICHIGAN,\\nOne of the five great lakes of North America, and the largest\\nthat lies wholly within the United States, being 338 miles\\nlong, with an average breadth of 65 miles, and its smface\\nabout 600 feet above the level of the sea depth nearly 900\\nfeet. It contains about 1850 square miles. Its eastern coast\\nis generally sandy, and but little indented with bays or inlets.\\nThe principal bays are. Green bay, in the northwest, and\\nGreat and Little Traverse bays, on the east. It is connected\\nwith Lake Huron by the straits of Mackinaw. On its eastern\\nshore, large quantities of sand are thrown up by the waves,\\nduring a heavy sea, and soon becoming dry, are canied inland\\nby the action of the high winds that often prevail here.\\nThere are no islands in this lake, except a few at its northern\\nextremity. The commerce of Lake Michigan is already im-\\nmense, its principal exports being all kinds of grain, pork,\\nlard, and vast quantities of lumber. Large towns and vil-\\nlages are rapidly springing up along its borders, near the\\nmany fine harbors at the mouths of the rivers flowing into it.\\nAs the back country becomes settled, this lake will prob-\\nably stand, in importance, second to none in the Union.\\nOwing to the straits of Mackinaw being frozen much later in\\nthe spring than the waters of Lakes Michigan and Huron,\\nnavigation does not commence until about the 10th of May.\\nThis lake abounds with excellent fish.\\nPox Point, Emmet co,, Mich,, 28 miles below Mackinaw\\nan abrupt point projecting into Lake Michigan.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN. 123\\nBeaver Islands, 18 miles below; a group of five or six\\nin number the largest. Big Beaver, contains 40 square miles.\\nEntrance to Green Bay, 10 miles below.\\nGreen River and Pine laake, Charlevoix co.,^ Mich.,\\n11 miles below.\\nFox Isles, 2 miles below.\\nGrand Travers Bay, Charlevoix co., Mich., ^0 miles\\nbelow.\\nGreat Manitou Island, Michigan side, 24 miles below.\\nLittle Manitou Island, 8 miles below.\\nOpposite Gibraltar, Door co., on Wis. side, 20 miles\\nbelow.\\nKewanee, capital of Kewanee co.. Wis., 45 miles below;\\na small settlement at the mouth of the river of the same\\nname, is well situated, and bids fair to become an important\\nlake port.\\nT\\\\r%ro Rivers, Manitowoc co.. Wis., 25 miles below, at\\nthe mouth, of the river of the same name. It is a flourishing\\nvillage, enjoying a large trade with the back country has an\\nexcellent harbor. Pop. about 1,700.\\nManitowoc, capital of Manitowoc co.. Wis., 6 miles\\nbelow a prosperous village, beautifully situated on the lake\\nshore, at the mouth of the river of its own name, 68 miles\\nabove Milwaukee. It has an active lake trade, and exports\\nlarge quantities of pine lumber. The town is well supplied\\nwith churches and schools. Pop., 1856, about 4,000.\\nManito woc River, Eiverof Spirits, Wis., rises by\\nseveral heads, and after flowing easterly 55 miles, enters the\\nlake at Manitowoc.\\nSHBBOlfGAN CITY,\\nCapital of Sheboygan co., Wis., 19 miles below. This flour-\\nishing town is delightfully situated, at the entrance of the\\nSheboygan river into the lake. A large outlay by the United\\nStates government has recently been made, for the improve-\\nment of the harbor, which is now safe and commodious. It\\nis well situated for trade, and is the principal shipping port\\nfor several of the adjacent counties. A plank road is com-\\npleted to Fond du Lac, foot of Winnebago lake, 42 miles,\\nand railways are projected to the large towns west and south-\\nwest. Immense quantities of wheat and other agricultural\\nproducts are annually shipped from this point. Pop. 4,500.\\nOzaukee, formerly Port Washington, capital of Ozaukee\\nCO., Wis., 25 miles below; has an active trade, and is rapidly", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "124 PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN,\\nimproving. Its exports of wheat and other grains are very\\nconsiderable. The different denominations have here good\\nchurch edifices. Pop. about 3,000.\\nMILWAUKEE CITY,\\nPort of entry, capital of Milwaukee co., 24 miles below the\\nchief city of Wisconsin, and, next to Chicago, the largest on\\nLake Michigan is pleasantly situated on both side of Mil-\\nwaukee river, at its entrance into the lake. It is the market\\nand shipping port for a large portion of the southern counties\\nof the state. Steamboats and other vessels navigating Lake\\nMichigan, touch here on their way to and from all tlic large\\ntowns on the lakes. The surrounding country is of sur-\\npassing richness, is rapidly increasing in wealth, and is peop-\\nling by an industrious and enterprising population, of which\\nMilwaukee is the nucleus and centre. This city is remarkable\\nfor the peculiar bright straw color and excellent quality of\\nits bricks, for which the rich clay beds along the lake afford\\nabundant material. The Milwaukee and Mississippi railroad\\nfrom here to Dubuque, on the Mississippi,* together with\\nothers that will soon connect this point with all the large towns\\nnorthwest, Avest and southwest, can not fail to make this one of\\nthe great cities of the West. This city, the growth of a few\\nyears, has increased with almost unexampled rapidity it was\\nlaid out as a village in 1835, when the surrounding country\\nwas a wilderness. Pop., 1840, 1,712; 1850,20,061; 1856,\\nabout 48,000.\\nRACINE CITY,\\nCapital of Racine co.. Wis., 25 miles below Milwaukee, at\\nthe mouth of Root river is pleasantly situated, mostly on a\\nlevel plain lying 40 feet above the Avaters of the lake. Next\\nto Milwaukee, it is the largest city in the state in point of\\ncommerce and population. The harbor is one of the most\\nsecure on the lake, and is mostly formed by the mouth of\\nthe river, which admits boats drawing 11 feet of water. The\\nharbor has been further improved by the enterprise of tho\\ncitizens, aided by a small appropriation from the government.\\nProm the favorable position of this city, a large amount of\\ncapital is profitably invested in flour-mills, ship-yards, fur-\\nnaces and machine shops several plank roads terminate here.\\nThe annual exports of wheat, flour, corn, c., from this port;\\nWhich is partially completed.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON LAKES EEIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN. 125\\nare very great. Racine, Janesville and Mississippi railroad\\ncommences here. Pop., 1840, 1,920; 1850, 5,107; 1856,\\nabout 11,000.\\nKENOSHA CITY,\\nFormerly Southport, 11 miles below, capital of Kenosha co.,\\nWis., advantageously situated on the lake shore, and is the\\n.southernmost city and port in the state. It has a good har-\\nbor, and from this point are shipped the products of one of\\nthe finest agi-icultural districts in the United States. This\\ninfant city has the usual county buildings, and is rapidly in-\\ncreasing in population and wealth. Pop., 1840, 431 1850,\\n3,455 present pop. about 7,500.\\nWaukegaii, 17 miles below, capital of Cook co.. 111.\\nThis flourishing town is situated on ground gradually rising\\nfrom the lake, commanding a view of the water and surround-\\ning country. It has an active trade with the interior, and\\nexports large quantities of agricultural products. Prom its\\nfavorable position it promises to become a large lake port.\\nPop., 1850, 2,949; 1856, about 6,500.\\nCHICAGO CITY\\n(Garden City,) 36 miles below, capital of Cook co., 111. This\\ncommercial emporium of Lake Michigan, of the state, and\\nof the adjacent states, is remarkable for its rapid increase in\\npopulation, wealth and entei-prise. It is situated on both\\nsides of the river of the same name, on level ground, suffi-\\nciently elevated to secure it from ordinary floods. Pew towns\\nhave a more advantageous position. The river, foiTned by\\nthe confluence of the two branches, which will soon be in the\\ncentral part of the city, is sufficiently deep and spacious to\\naccommodate the vast number of vessels and steamboats con-\\nstantly arriving from, and departing to, the various ports on\\nthe lakes. The shore of the lake, naturally shallow, has been\\nextended into deep water by means of two piers, which, pro-\\njecting from both sides of the harbor, protect it from the\\naccumulation of sand. The streets are generally broad and\\npleasant, lined with trees, and leading to the open prairie, or\\naffording fine views of the lake. The buildings have the\\nappearance of comfort and convenience, while many are sur-\\npassed by few in any city, for beauty and elegance. Large\\nwarehouses and stores, five and six stories high, splendid\\nchurches, hotels, schools and dwellings, fi-equently magnificent, s\\nare some of the structures which strike the eye, and excite", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN. 127\\nthe admiration. In 1832, the lands of the adjacent prairie\\nwere the property of the Pottawattomie Indians. Chicago ex-\\nceeds all other western cities in the quantity of lumber ex-\\nported, which is procured from the vast forests covering the\\nnorthern portions of Illinois. Chicago is not only, next to\\nCincinnati and St. Louis, the great commercial emporium,\\nbut one of the most substantial cities of the West, spreading\\nalong the lake 1| miles, and is laid out with much taste and\\njudgment, especially in reference to its future enlargement.\\nBy referring to the map of the United States, it will be per-\\nceived that few cities of the Union present as great commer-\\ncial advantages as this. By means of the Illinois and Michi-\\ngan caual, 106 miles long, which extends from the lake to\\nLasalle on the Illinois river, a communication is had with the\\nMississippi. Besides the immense business that is carried on\\nby means of the lakes and canal, the vast chain of railroads\\nthat pass through, and radiate from, this point, give this city\\na prominence over any city of the great valley. It is em-\\nphatically the gateway to the great states of Wisconsin, Iowa\\nand Minnesota, and the territories of the west and northwest.\\nBy a recent estimate made by a citizen of Chicago, there are\\neither completed, or in course of construction, 15 trunk and\\n38 extension lines of railway, 8,316 miles, conducting to this\\ncity. Nearly 60 trains of passenger and freight cars enter\\nand leave Chicago daily. Among the public buildings the\\nfollowing are the most prominent the courthouse, marine\\nhospital, exchange, medical college, and several splendid\\nchurch edifices and banking houses. Chicago has become the\\ngreatest grain market in the Avorld. Several millions of cap-\\nital are invested in manufacturing, the most important of\\nwhich are steam-engines, rail-cars, agricultural implements,\\nc., c. top., 1840, 4,479; 1850, 29,463; 1852, 38,733;\\n1853, 60,662; 1856, about 95,000.\\nCliicago River, which forms the harbor of Chicago, is\\ncomposed of two branches, the north, 35 miles long, and the\\nsouth, only about 6 miles long the natural portage, from the\\nChicago river to the Des Plaines river, a head branch of\\nIllinois river, is only 6 miles, and is so low, that at high water\\nit is often overflowed, so that boats can pass from river to river.\\nNote.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 This completes the route from Buft alo to Chicag-o, mentioning\\nonly the towns on the south side of Lake Erie, and the west side of Lake\\nMichitfan. A few towns will here be noticed on the south and westshorea\\nof Lake Michigan.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "128 PLACES ON LAKES ERIE, HURON, AND MICHIGAN.\\nMICHIGAN CIT S\\nLaporte co., la, 50 miles from Chicago by railroad a flour-\\nishing village, having a thriving trade with the back country,\\nand exporting a large amount of lumber. Pop., 1850, 999;\\n1853, 2,364.\\nNe W Buffalo, Berrien co., Mich., 12 miles above Michi-\\ngan City, just below the mouth of Galicn river, at the point\\nwhere the Michigan Central railroad (from Detroit 218 miles\\ndistant) first touches the lake a thriving village many of\\nthe citizens are engaged in the lumber trade.\\nSt. Joseph s, capital of Berrien co., Mich., 25 miles north\\nof New Buffalo. This flourishing village is situated on the\\nlake shore, just below the mouth of the river of the same\\nname. It is in the midst of a great lumber district. Pop.\\nabout 1,000.\\nSt. Joseph s River, Mich., rises in Hillsdale co., flowing\\nwest, and after a broad southerly bend, in which it enters la.,\\nit proceeds northwest until it enters the lake, just above the\\ntown of the same name. In length and volume of water it is\\nthe second river in the peninsula, being 210 miles long, and\\nnavigable for boats 120 miles.\\nSouth Haven, Van Buren co., Mich., 28 miles above St.\\nJoseph s a thriving village, well situated. Pop. about 400.\\nKalamazoo River, 21 miles above, rises in Hillsdale co.,\\nMich., and, after a course generally west-northwest, with\\nmany windings, enters the lake in Allegan co. It is navi-\\ngable for boats to Allegan, 40 miles whole length, 185 ms.\\nPort Sheldon, Ottawa co., Mich., 23 miles above; a\\nsmall thriving settlement.\\nGrand Haven, capital of Ottawa co., 13 miles above;\\nsituated on the south bank of Grand river, at its entrance into\\nthe lake. It has an excellent harbor, and promises to become\\na large town.\\nGrand River, Mich., is the largest riA -er ninning wholly\\nwithin the peninsula two principal branches unite in Jackson\\ncounty. It pursues a winding north-northwest course, until\\nit enters the lake at Grand Haven. Length, 250 miles.\\nLittle Point Au Sable, Ocean county, 57 miles above.\\nGreat Point Au Sable, Mason co., 37 miles above.\\nPoint Au Betsie, Grand Traverse co., 50 miles above.\\nEntrance Grand Traverse Bay, 62 miles above.\\nMackinavir, 88 miles above.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "PLACES BETWEEN BUFFALO AND aUEBEC,\\nVia Lake Ontario and St. Lawrence River.\\nNiagara River, the outlet of Lake Erie, commences two\\nmiles below Buffalo, and, flowing north, terminates at Fort\\nNiagara, on Lake Ontario. At its egress from Lake Ex ie, it\\nis three quarters of a mile wide, and from 40 to 60 feet deep,\\nand flows with a current of four miles an hour; as it proceeds,\\nit cradually widens, and the current increases. (See Niagara\\nFalls.)\\nFort Brie, Welland co., Canada West, on the left, nearly\\nopposite Buffalo, is the commencement of the Buffalo, Brant-\\nford, and Goderich railroad. The fort was destroyed in the\\nwar of 1812.\\nWaterloo, in the same co., 1 mile below a small pleasant\\nvillage.\\nBlack Rock, Erie co,, N, Y., 3 miles north, and below\\nBufialo a thriving village has a capacious and safe harbor,\\nformed by an immense stone-pier, or mole, projecting into\\nNiagara river, built by the state, for the double purpose of\\nforming a harbor for lake craft and canal boats that here enter\\nthe lake and also for securing to the Erie canal a supply of\\nwater directly from the lake eastward as far as Montezuma,\\nnearly half of its entire length. Great water-power is here\\nemployed in propelling factories, flour-mills, c. Pop.,\\n1850, 7,508. This place was annexed to Buffalo in 1854,\\nGrand Island comprises a part of the town of Tona-\\nwanda, N, Y., 31 miles below Black Rock, and is 9 miles\\nlong and 6^ broad, extending to within three miles of Niagara\\nFalls, At its eastern extremity, is Grand Haven, connected\\nby a feny with Tonawanda, where the Erie canal reaches\\nthe Niagara and skirts it on to Buffalo, A little to the north-\\nwest of this island, lies Navy Island, far inferior in size and\\nrichness of soil, but celebrated in the events of the Canadian\\nrebellion in 1837. At this point the Welland canal connects\\nwith the Niagara river.\\nTonawanda, Erie co,, N. Y,, pleasantly situated on the\\ncast side of Niagara river, at*the junction of Tonawanda\\ncreek and the Erie canal. From the dam here in the creek\\n9", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "130\\nPLACES BETWEEN BUFFALO AKD QUEBEC,\\nthere are outlet locks to Niagara riA^er. It has a good har-\\nbor for water-craft. Pop. of town, 1850, 2,072.\\nCliippev7a, Welland co., Canada West, delightfully situ-\\nated on both sides of the Chippewa river, at its entrance into\\nthe Niagara, 2 miles above Niagara Falls. It is advan-\\ntageously situated for shipbuilding. A steamboat pliea.\\nduring the season to Buffalo. Here navigation ends, and\\nneither the venturesome Yankee, cautious Canadian, nor the\\ndaring Indian boatmen, dare venture beyond. A little below\\nthis point, the river contracts suddenly to less than a mile,\\nand the current rapidly increases, and rushes with great\\nrapidity to the mighty cataract.\\nPortrait of Red- Jacket.\\nNear this locality several battles, more or less important, were fought\\nduring the war of 1812- 15. General Brown marched from Sackett s Har-", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "VIA LAKE ONTARIO AND ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 131\\nbor to the Niagjara frontier, and on the 3d July, 1814, Generals Scott and\\nRipley crossed the river with a considerable force, and captured Port Erie.\\nThe garrison withdrew to the entrenched camp of the British t^eneral,\\nRail, then at Chippewa. On the morning- of the 4th, Brown advanced, and\\non the 5th the two armies had a sanguinary battle in the open fields at\\nChippewa. The British were repulsed with a loss of about 500 men, and\\nretreated to Burling;ton heights, where they were reinforced by troops\\nunder General Drummond, who assumed the chief command. The Ameri-\\ncans lost about 300. .Drummond s force was now about one third greater\\nthan that of Brown s, and he immediately advanced to meet the Americans.\\nThe latter had encamped at Bridgewater, near Niagara Falls and there,\\nat the close of a sultry day (July 25th), and within the sound of (he cata-\\nract s thunder, one of the most destructive battles of war began. The hot-\\ntest of the fi|tht was in and near an obscure road known as Lundy s Lane.\\nThis battle is known by the respective names of Bridgewater, Ijundy s\\nLane, and Niagara Falls. It commenced at sunset, and ended at midnight,\\nwhen the Americans had lost 858 men in killed and wounded, and the\\nBritish twenty more than that. The Americans were left in quiet posses-\\nsion of the field. Brown and Scott being wounded, the command devolved\\non Ripley, and he withdrew to Fort Erie, where General Gaines soon after\\narrived and assumed the command. Drummond again advanced with 5,000\\nmen, and on the 4th of August appeared before Fort Erie. He made an\\nassault on the 15th, but was repulsed with a loss of almost 1,000 men. The\\nseason was far advanced, and the Americans abandoned and destroyed\\nFort Erie, and, crossing the river, November 5, went into winter quarters\\nat Buffalo, Black Rock, and Batavia.\\nNIAGARA PAI S.\\nA mere outline of this, one of the wonders of the world, is\\nall that the limits of this work will allow. We can not better\\ncommence this sketch than in the words of the gifted Mrs.\\nJamieson. Speaking of them in her own beautiful manner,\\nshe says The whole mighty river comes rushing over the\\nbrow of a hill, and as you look up at it, it seems as if coming\\ndown to overwhelm you -then meeting with rocks as it passes\\ndown the declivity, it boils and frets like the breakers of the\\nocean. Huge mounds of water, smooth, transparent, and\\ngleaming like an emerald, rise up and bound over some im-\\npediment, then break into silver foam, which leaps into the\\nair in the most fantastic forms. The falls are 22 miles from\\nLake Erie, and 14 above Lake Ontario. When the traveller\\nfirst arrives at the spot, he stands and gazes, lost in admira-\\ntion. The mighty volume of water which forms the outlet of\\nthe great lakes, is here precipitated over a precipice, 160 feet\\nhigh, the roar of which can be heard in clear weather for miles.\\nOwing to a bend in the river, the principal weight of water is\\nthrown on the Canada side, which is called the Horse-Shoe\\nfall. Near the middle of the fall. Goat Island, containing 75\\nacres, extends to the brow of the precipice, dividing the river\\ninto two parts, and a small projecting mass of rock at a little\\ndistance from it toward the American shore, again divides the", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "si iir", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "VIA LAKE ONTARIO AND ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 1.33\\ncataract on that side. Goat Island, at the lower end, presents\\na perpendicular mass of rocks, extending from the feottom to\\nthe top of the precipice. A bridge has been constructed from\\nthe American shore to Bath Island, and another connects the\\nlatter with Goat Island. A tower is erected on the brow of\\nthe Horse-Shoe fall, approached from Goat Island by a short\\nbridge, on which the spectator seems to stand over the edge\\nof the mighty cataract, and from which a fine view is had of\\nthis part of it. The distance from the Ameiican shore to Goat\\nIsland, is 65 I ods across the front of Goat Island, is 78 rods\\naround the Horse-Shoe falls, on the Canada side, 144 rods\\nand directly across the Horse-Shoe, 74 rods. The height of\\nthe fall near the American shore, is 164 feet; near Goat\\nIsland, on the same side, 158 feet; and near Goat Island, on\\nthe Canadian side, 154 feet. It is supposed that the finest\\nview of the falls is from Table rock, on the Canadicin side\\nbut if the spectator will visit the tower on the opposite side, on\\nGoat Island, at sunrise, when the whole cavity is enlightened\\nby the sun, and a complete rainbow is presented in the rising\\nspray, he can not desire anything more enchanting. A cov-\\nered stairway on the American side leads to the bottom of the\\nprecipice, from which a magnificent view is had of the mighty\\nvolume of water above. It has been computed that in the\\nusual stages of the current, 100,000,000 tons of water are dis-\\ncharged over the precipice every hour. The rapids commence\\nabout a mile above the falls, and the water descends 58 feet\\nbefore it reaches the cataract. At the foot of the Canadian\\nfalls, there is a ledge of rocks which leads into a cavern be-\\nhind the sheet of water, called the Cavern of the Winds. It\\nis in the form of a pointed arch, the span on the left hand\\nbeing composed of rolling and dark water, and that on the\\nright, of dark rocks. It is 60 feet in extent; and the obscu-\\nrity that surrounds it, together with the strong wind which\\nblows the spray and water in every direction, renders this a\\ndifficult and dangerous undertaking, except for the strong-\\nnerved and self-possessed. While curiosity constitutes an\\nattribute of human character, these falls will be frequented by\\nadmiring and delighted visiters as one of the grandest exhibi-\\ntions of nature.\\nNiagara Feills Village, Niagara co., N. Y., one of the\\nmost delightful and prosperous villages in the state is situated\\non the right bank of the Niagara river, in the immediate\\nvicinity of the great cataract, to which circumstance it owes\\nits origin and increase. Here are a number of manufacturing", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "134 PLACES BETWEEN BUFFALO AND QUEBEC,\\nestablishments, there being sufficient water-power to drive all\\nthe machinery in the United States. Here, likewise, are some\\nof the most splendid and well-kept hotels in the Union,\\nwhich are usually thronged during the summer months. It\\nis connected with all the large cities easfj west and south, by\\nrailroads.\\nNiagara River {continued). A little below the falls the\\nriver resumes its usual placid appearance. The banks are\\nnearly 200 feet high, and beautifully Avooded. About 4 miles\\nbelow the falls, the river has formed a circular excavation,\\ncalled the Avhirlpool; the rapid current here sweeps wildly\\npast tlic sides of high perpendicular banks, and in its course,\\ndead bodies, logs, or any other buoyant substance that comes\\nwithin its reach, is caiTied with a quivering circular motion,\\nround and round this dismal spot. The rocks are steep and\\nno boat dare approach it, so that whatever gets into the cur-\\nrent must there ijpmain until decomposed, or broken to pieces\\nby the action of the water. Having made this circuit, the\\nriver regains its proper course, and rushes between two preci-\\npices, which are not more than 900 feet apart, whence it\\nemerges, and continues its course to Lake Ontario, 35 miles\\nfrom Lake Erie.\\nInternational Railroad Suspension Bridge, one and three quarters\\nmiles below the falls, and just above the ferry, is unquestionably as stupen-\\ndous a work of art as any on this continent. Jt is a single span of 800 feet, 40\\nfeet wide, and 230 from the surface of the water, which here is conjectured\\nto be more than 700 feet deep. The number of cables for the bridge is 16\\nof strands in each cable, 600; of strands in the ferry cable 87, the diameter\\nof which is seven-eighths of an inch; and the bridge has an ultimate capa-\\ncity of sustaining 10,000 tons. The water span is about 600 feet, and that\\nbetween the towers is 850 feet. There are two floors, or passage ways\\nthe upper is used for the railroad track, the lower for the usual travel. The\\neastern portion of the bridge commands a fine view of the falls, and of the\\nriver below, one mile, to the whirlpool. The water at this point runs at\\nthe rate of a mile in two minutes, with high breakers dashing 15 feet high.\\nA passage across is thrilliugly interesting.\\nLewiston, Niagara co., N. Y., a port of entry, 7 miles\\nbelow the falls is a flourishing village, well situated for trade.\\nSteamboats ascend from Lake Ontario. It is connected with\\nBuffalo and Rochester by railroads. Pop. of town, 1850,\\n2,924.\\nFort Niagaia, Niagara co., N. Y., situated at the entrance\\nof the Niagara river into Lake Ontario. This fort was built\\nin 1685, by the Marquis Denonville, Fi-ench governor of\\nCanada, but was soon razed to the ground by the Iroquois,\\nwho had been incensed by his treacherous conduct. In 1725,\\nthe French built on the same site another fort, which surren-\\ndered to tlic British and Indian forces in 1759. In 1796, it was", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "VIA LAKE ONTARIO AND ST. LAWRENCE RIVEE. 135\\nsurrendered to the United States by treaty. In 1813, it was\\nretaken by the British, but again surrendered to the United\\nStates at the close of the war, in 1815.\\nNiagara, formerly Newark, Canada West, the capital of\\nthe united counties of Welland and Lincoln, pleasantly situ-\\nated in Lincoln county, at the mouth of Niagara river, at its\\nentrance into Lake Ontario, 36 miles from Toronto. Besides\\nthe county buildings, it is well supplied Avith churches, acad-\\nemies, and schools. Pop. 3,400.\\nLake Ontario, the smallest and most easterly of the great\\nchain of lakes lying between the United States and Canada.\\nIt divides the state of New York from Canada on the north.\\nReceiving the waters of the four great upper lakes through\\nNiagara river, it discharges the same through the St. Law-\\nrence into the Atlantic. It is 1 80 miles long and 5.5 broad,\\nand is navigable through its v/hole extent, being in some\\nparts 600 feet deep, and never entirely frozen over. The\\nsurface is 334 feet lower than Lake Erie. Although terrific\\nstorms occasionally visit this lake, it is considered the safest\\nfor navigation of any of the others, having secure harbors and\\nbays.\\nBurlington Bay, at the western extremity of the lake, 40\\nmiles west of the mouth of Niagara river, to which a steam-\\nboat plies daily.\\nHamilton City, capital of Wentworth co., Canada West,\\ndelightfully situated on the south side, and at the head of,\\nBurlington bay, and on the Great Western railroad, 52 miles\\nsouthwest of Toronto. It is well situated for, and has, a\\nlarge lake trade, being surrounded by a rich agricultural dis-\\ntrict. Pop. 19,500.\\nTORONTO CITY,\\nOne of the capitals, and most populous city, of Canada West,\\nis finely situated on a bay of Lake Ontario. The plan of the\\ncity forms a parallelogram, with the streets intersecting at\\nright angles. It is next to Montreal, in point of importance,\\nin the province. It has excellent hotels, and several humane\\nand literary institutions. No town in either province has so\\nrapidly advanced, in what constitutes a thriving city, as\\nToronto. Steamboats ply constantly to all the ports on the\\nlake during the season of navigation. Founded in 1794.\\nPop. 43,000.\\nCoburg, capital of Northumbei-land co., Canada West, 65\\nmiles east of Toronto, is delightfully situated on the north", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "VIA LAKE OXTARIO AND ST. LAWKENOli KIVEK. 137\\nshore of the lake; well laid out, and enjoys a flourishing\\ntrade. Pop. 5,360.\\nBelleville, Hastings co., Canada West, 44 miles east of\\nCoburg; a pleasant, enterprising town at the mouth of the\\nTrent river. Pop. 4,500.\\nKingston City, capital of Fontinac co., Canada West, 210\\nmiles southwest of Montreal, at the head of the river St. Law-\\nrence, and the northeast extremity of Lake Ontario, has a\\nsafe harbor, and is now in a state of great prosperity, although\\nthe removal of the seat of government to Montreal, in 1841,\\nproved, for a time, a great detriment to its increase. It is a\\nlarge commercial port, enjoying great facilities for trade.\\nThe various literary and humane institutions, with which the\\ncity abounds, are well sustained. Founded in 1784; incor-\\nporated as a city in 1838. Pop. 19,000. Opposite Kingston\\nlies a large island, called Wolfe s Island it is well settled,\\nhaving upward of six thousand acres under cultivation.\\nST. LA WRENCE RIVER,\\nOne of the largest rivers of North America, forms the outlets\\nof the great lakes, Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, and\\nOntario, and, after a course of more than 2,000 miles, flows\\ninto the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It has, diffei-ent names in\\ndifferent parts of its course from its mouth to Lake Ontario,\\nit is called the St. Lawrence between Lakes Ontario and\\nErie, Niagai-a river between Lakes Erie and St. Clair, De-\\ntroit river; between Lakes St. Clair and Huron, St. Clair\\nriver; and between Lakes Huron and Superior, St. Mary s\\nI iver. It forms the boundary, with the middle of the lakes\\nthrough which it passes, between the United States and Can-\\nada. It is navigable for ships of the line, 400 miles, to Que-\\nbec, and for ships of 600 tons to Montreal. From Quebec to\\nMontreal it has an average breadth of 2 miles. Between\\nMontreal and Lake Ontario, the navigation is somewhat im-\\npeded by several rapids, the most important of which are the\\nLachine and Cedar rapids. The descent of the river from\\nthe lake to tide-water is 238 feet. This is surmounted by\\nseveral canals varymg from 1 to 12^ miles in length, but in\\nthe aggregate only 40| miles in length, having 36 massive\\nstone locks, 188 feet long, by 26| feet wide. The whole ex-\\npense incurred in improving the navigation of this river, has\\nbeen over $12,000,000. These canals were designed for\\npaddle-steamers, which are required as tugs, or to ascend\\nagainst the current, but from the magnitude of the rapids.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "138 PLACES BETWEEN BUFFALO AND QUEBEC,\\nand their regular inclination, river craft can descend in the\\nregular current of the river. A communication with the\\nnavigable waters of the Hudson is had by means of the\\nSorel or Richelieu river, and Chambly Canal, Lake Cham-\\nplain, and the Champlain Canal. The largest affluents of\\nthe St. Lawrence are, Ottawa river, 750 miles long, which\\nconstitutes the boundary between Canada East and Canada\\nWest the St. Mauree river, 325 miles Saguenay river, 275\\nmiles; and Bastican river, 175 miles. At the egress of this\\nriver from Lake Ontario, its channel so expands, and becomes\\nso full of islands, that it obtains the name of the Lake of\\nthe Thousand Isles. These islands present every imagina-\\nble shape, size, and appearance some barely visible, others\\ncovering many acres. As one is conveyed along the unruf-\\nfled surface, with a cloudless sky overhead, surveying from\\nthe steamer s deck the ever-vaiwing combinations of wood,\\nrocks, and water, he imagines that he is passing through some\\ndelightful fairy-land. He finds himself sometimes enclosed\\nwithin a narrow channel, shoitly discovers openings as of\\nnoble rivers, and then seems to be on the bosom of a spacious\\nlake. Including the lakes, it is estimated that this river di-ains\\na surface of 347,634 square miles. At its mouth, the gulf,\\nfrom Cape Rosier to Mingau settlement in Labrador, is 110\\nmiles in length.\\nBrockville, capital of Leeds co., Canada West, 58 miles\\nabove Kingston, pleasantly situated on the north bank of the\\nSt. Lawrence has an active business. Pop. 3,560.\\nCorn-wall, capital of Stormont co., Canada West, 22\\nmiles from Brockville an old settled town. Pop. 2,500.\\nMONTREAL CITY,\\nAnd port of entry, Canada East, the most populous city in\\nBritish North America, is situated on an island of the same\\nname. It was founded in 1642. Being at the head of ship\\nnavigation, its local and commercial advantages are very\\ngreat. The churches and other public buildings are beautiful,\\nadding much to the appearance of the city. The several rail-\\nroads that centre here, add much to its convenience and im-\\nportance. Pop. 88,560.\\nA few lines respecting a brave man, who largely participated in tlie con-\\nflicts that tried men s souls, in this reg:ion, may not be uninteresting:\\nColonel Ethan Allen, of Vermont, the leader of the Green mountain\\nboys, was industriously pursuing his avocation as a farmer, when the\\nnews of the massacre at Lexington reached those remote settlers; they\\nwere electrified with zeal for the maintenance of freedom, and in less than\\n30 days afterward, we find hira and some of his Green mountain boys,\\nand Massachusetts militia, in concert with Colonel Benedict Arnold, and", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "VIA LA.KE ONTJVRIO AND ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 139\\nBome Connecticut men, wresting- the strong fortresses of Ticonderoga and\\nCrown Point from the British. When Allen thundered at the door of the\\ncommander of the garrison of Ticonderoga, after the soldiers were subdued,\\nand that aft righted official asked by what authority he demanded a surren-\\nder, the colonel s reply was, Bj the Great .Jehovah and the continental\\nCongress! [It was on the morning of the day when Congress was to\\nassemble at Philadelphia.] Early in the following autumn, Colonel Allen\\nwas sent to Canada to ascertain the temper of the people there and in an\\nattempt, with Colonel Brown, to capture Montreal, with a small force, he\\nwas made a prisoner, put in irons, and sent to England, with the assurance\\nthat he would be hanged. Great crowds flocked to see him, on his arrival,\\nfor the fame of his exploits had reached England. His grotesque garb\\nattracted much attention. In January, 1776, he was sent to Halifax, where\\nhe remained in prison for nine months, when he was conveyed to New\\nYork, then the British headquarters. In May, 1778, he was exchanged for\\nColonel Campbell of the British army. After offering hia services to Wash-\\nington when his health should be restored, he repaired to Bennington, the\\nplace of his residence, where he was welcomed by booming cannon and\\nthe huzzas of the people. He died in 1789, aged 60 years.\\nQUEBEC CITY\\nCapital of the United Canadas, is situated on the north shore\\nof the river St. Lawrence, which is here a mile wide, and\\n180 feet in depth. It was founded in 1608. The Algonquins\\nnamed it Que (strait). The form of the city is nearly trian-\\ngular, the plains of Abraham forming the base, and the rivers\\nSt. Lawrence and St. Charles the sides. It was taken by the\\nBritish and colonial forces in 1629, but restored to France in\\n1632; again taken by General Wolfe in 1759, and together\\nwith all the French possessions in North America, was ceded\\nto Great Britain at the peace of 1763. The commercial posi-\\ntion of this important city, for foreign and domestic trade, is\\ngood. Immense ships from Europe line her wharves steam-\\nboats are constantly arriving and departing while the vari-\\nous railroads unite it with the great cities of New England\\nand New York. Pop., 47,000.\\nThe Canadian Expedition of 1759.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 By the common consent of the\\nworld, Quebec is for ever identified with the renown of the two great\\nnations that contended for its possession, and the history of this period will\\nalways be referred to as marking a distinct era in the history of this region\\nof country. Tlie varied incidents of the expedition the attack of the fire-\\nehips the fruitless engagement at Montmorenci the landing under the\\nheights of Abraiiam\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the battle of the plains the death of two heroic lead-\\ners \u00e2\u0080\u0094the surrender and the siege bjr the French are calculated to possess\\nthe mind of the reader with eager interest of vicissitude, as they in turn\\ndevelop the great game of war, played by the most skillful hands, and for\\nthe noblest stake.\\nThe celebrated battle of the plains, which resulted in the deaths of Wolfe\\nand Montcalm, can only be alluded to. On the night of the 12th July, 1759,\\nWolfe, with scarcely any loss, had gained the heights of Abraham, almost\\nunperceived by Montcalm, and was fully prepared for the deadly conflict\\nthat commenced about 8 o clock in the morning. The English were\\nordered to reserve their fire until the French were within 40 yards. They\\nobserved tliese orders most strictly, bearing with patience the incessant\\nfire of the Canadians and Indians. At length, the French had approached\\nwithin the required distance, when the rapidity and effect of the English", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "140 PLACES BETWEEN BUFFALO AND QUEBEC,\\nfire havings thrown the French into confusion, orders were given, even be-\\nfore the smoke cleared away, to charge with the bayonet. Wolfe, expo-\\nsing himself at the head of the troops, was singled out by some Canadian\\nmarksmen, and had already received a slight wound in the wrist. Having\\nfolded a handkerchief around his arm, lie led the grenadiers on to the\\ncharge, and was successful, though the victory was bought with the heroic\\nlife of the leader. He was struck with a second ball in the groin, but still\\npressed on and, just as the French were about to give way, he received\\na third ball in his breast, which wounded him mortally. When the fatal\\nball took efiect, his principal care was that he should not be seen to fall.\\nSupport me, said he, to an officer near him let not my brave soldiers\\nsee me drop! The day is ours! keep it! He was carried to the rear,\\nwhere he requested a draught of water to quench his thirst. The charge\\nstill continued, when the oiBcer on whose shoulder he leaned, exclaimed,\\nThey run! they run! Who run? asked the dyiny Wolfe. The\\nofficer replied, The enemy, sir! He then exclaimed, I die happy!\\nand expired.\\nMontcalm received his fatal wound in the front rank of the French left,\\nand died on the morning of the 14th September. He was buried in an ex-\\ncavation made by the bursting of a shell, a fit resting-place for the remains\\nof a man who died lighting for the honor and defence of his country.\\nThe remains of Wolfe were conveyed to England for interment.\\nNote. The most important towns on the United States side of the river\\nSt. Lawrence and Lake Ontario, are:\\nOgdenseurg, port of entry, St. Lawrence co., N. Y., pleasantly situated\\non the east side of the river St. Lawrence, at the mouth of the Oswegatchie\\nriver, and at the termination of the Northern railroad, connecting it with\\nRouse s Point on Lake Champlain, 118 miles distant. It has an extensive\\nlake and inland trade. Sloops ascend to this point, but steamboats ascend\\n35 miles higher. A steam ferry connects it with Prescott, in Canada, from\\nwhich latter place a railroad passes to Ottawa City. Pop. 5,200.\\nSackett s Harbor, Jefferson co., N. Y., situated on the south shore of\\nBlack River bay, 12 miles from Lake Ontario, has a secure harbor, and is\\na place of considerable trade. Immense water-power is created here by a\\ncanal from Black river. It was a fortified and naval station during the war\\nof 1812. Pop. 2,400.\\nOswego City, port of entiy, and semi-capital of Oswego co., N. Y., lies\\non both sides of Oswego river, at its entrance into Lake Ontario. The\\nstreets, which are 100 feet wide, cross each other at right angles. The\\nOswego canal, 38 miles long, connects it with the Erie canal at Syracuse,\\nThe Oswego and Syracuse railroad commences here. A large amount of\\nmerchandise from the east, destined for the west, is taken from the canal\\nand forwarded by steamboats on the lake. It is rapidly increasing in\\nwealth and population. Pop. 17,500.\\nRochester City, cap. of Monroe co., N. Y., pleasantly situated on both\\nsides of the Genesee river, 7 ms. from its entrance into Lake Ontario, and\\n63 miles east-northeast from Buffalo by railroad. It is well laid out, and\\ncontains many splendid vrarehouses and private residences, to many of\\nwhich beautiful gardens are attached, ornamented with shrubbery. The\\nErie canal- passes through the centre of the city, and here crosses the Gen-\\nesee river, in a splendid aqueduct, 804 feet long. The city is well supplied\\nwith churches, academies and schools. Among the public buildings are\\nthe new courthouse and city-hall, the arcade. Western house of refuge for\\njuvenile offenders, the Rochester university, the Baptist tlieologica! semi-\\nnary, and Rochester Atheneeum. This large commercial and manufacturing\\ncity owes its greatness principally to the water privileges, which the\\nproprietors on the banks of the Genesee here possess. For a considerable\\ndistance above the Upper falls the banks are, on both sides, surmounted by\\nmills. The Upper falls are 100 feet in height, and present a magnificent\\nview. The river within a course of 3J miles has a total descent of 226 feet.\\nAbout 650,000 barrels of flour are manufactured here annually. Rochester\\nwas settled in 1812; incorporated in 1817; and chartered as a city, 1831.\\nPop., 1850, 36,423 1856, about 47,000.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "GREAT RAILROAD ROUTES THROUGH THE WEST.\\n(1) From Cincinnati\\nTO Wheeling, Va.\\nFlaiD-ville.....\\nMilford\\nLovelamls\\nMorrow\\nCfarksviUe\\nSligo\\nWilmington\\nCross Roads\\nSalina\\nRattlesnake\\nWashington..\\nNew Holland\\nWilliamsport\\nCircleville......\\nStouts\\nAmanda......\\nLancaster\\nBremen\\nN. Lexington.\\nKussville......\\nZanesville......\\nSonora ..._\\nNorwich.\\nConcord......\\nCassels.\\nCambridge\\nCampbells\\nSalesv ille.\\nMilwood....~..\\nBarnesville\\nBelmont\\nLewis Mills\\nGlencoe\\nBcllaire\\nWheelinq\\n(2) St. Louis to Cin\\nCINNATI.\\nVia Vincetines.\\nCasey ville\\nLebanon\\nAviston\\nCarlyle\\nSandoval\\nSalem\\nMiddleton.....\\nXenia\\nMayeville......\\nOlney\\nSumner\\nLawrence ville\\nVincennes\\nRoad not completed\\nSeymour.\u00e2\u0080\u0094, about\\nNorth Vernon...\\nOtter Creek....\\nOsgood\\nDelaware\\nMoore s Hill....\\nCochran..\\nLawrenceburg..\\nNorth Bend.\u00e2\u0084\u00a2.\\nCincinnati\\n(3) St. Louis to Colum-\\nbus, O.\\nVia IndianapolU.\\nIndianapolis\\n(see No 13)\\nCumberland\\nPhiladelphia....\\nGreenfield.......\\nCh arlottesTille.\\nKnightstown..\\nRaystown......\\nOgden\\nLewisville\\nDublin\\nCentreville\\nRichmond\\nNew Paris........\\nManchester\\nDodson......\\nBrookville\\nDayton......\\nXenia\\nCedarviUe\\nSelma......\\nSouth Charleston.\\nLondon\\nWest Jefferson..\\nCOLUUBUS\\n(4) St. Louis to JeF\\nperson City.\\nLa Clede\\nKirkwood..\\nMaramec......\\nHamilton.\\nAllenton..... ..i_\\nFranklin\\nGray s Summit......\\nSouth Point\\nWashington.........\\nNewport\\nMiller s Landing.-..,\\nHerman.....\\nGasconade\\nPortland\\nSt. Auberts.....\\nOsage River....\\nMoreau Creek...\\njEFrEKEOM CiTX.\\n7\\nII\\n_^.\\n10\\n4\\n6\\n95\\n10()\\n116\\n120\\n125\\n(5) Chicago to Cincin-\\nnati.\\nVia Toledo and Dai/tan.\\nToledo {see No. 14)..\\n232\\n17\\n91\\n94Q\\nClyde.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0J70\\nTifBn\\n16\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2iS6\\nCarey\\n16\\n303\\nKenton\\nHi\\n321}\\nBelle Centre\\n12\\n338\\nHuntsville... _..\\n6\\n344\\nBellefontaine\\n6\\n3^0\\nWest Liberty\\n8\\n358\\n10\\n14\\n3fiH\\nSpringfield _..\\n383\\nOsborn _..\\n14\\n396\\nDayton.\\n10\\n406\\n11\\n24\\n417\\nHamilton\\n441\\nCarthage\\n15\\n4S6\\nCincinnati\\n10\\n466\\n(6) Chicago to Cincin-\\nnati.\\nVia Indianapolis.\\nN. A. and Salem R.R.\\nMadeiraville....\\nChalmers.......\\nLafayette\\nClarksville\\nMidway\\nLebanon......\\nWhitestown\\nAugusta.\\nIndianapolis....\\nFarmersville.\\nShelby ville\\nMiddletown......\\nGreensburg.....\\nBatesviile.,\\nHarmans\\nLawrenceburg\\nCincinnati....\\n91\\n121\\n138\\n154\\nir,9\\n174\\n181\\n192\\n202\\n214\\n228\\n235\\n248\\n263\\n277\\n304\\n312\\n(7) Chicago TO Galena.\\nOak Ridge 8\\nCottage Hill 8 16\\nBabcock s Grove 4 20\\nDanby 2 23\\nWheaton 3 25\\nWinfield 2 27\\nAurora Junction 3 30\\nWayne 5 35", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "142 GREAT KAJLROAD ROUTES THROUGH THE WEST.\\nClintonville\\nElgin\\nGilbert s\\nHuntley\\nUnion._\\nMarengo\\nGarden Prairie.......\\nBelvidere ._._\\nCherry Valley\\nRockford\\nWinnebago ._.\\nPecatonica\\nNevada\\nFreeport..\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nEleroy., _~\\nLena\\nNora\\nWarren\\nApple River\\nScales Mound\\nCouncil Hill\\nGaleba. ._..\\n(8) Chicago to Cairo.\\nIllinois Central R. -K.\\nCalumet _.-\\nThornton. _-\\nMattison\\nMonee..\\nManteeno\\nKankakee\\nChebanse\\nAshkum.....\\nOnarga\\nLoda......\\nPera\\nRantoul\\nUrbana........\\nTolono\\nPesotum\\nOkaw\\nMattoon.\\nNeoga.\\nIntersection\\nEffingham\\nEdge wood\\nFarina\\nTonti\\nOndia\\nCentralia\\nAshley.. _\\nTamaroa.\\nDesoto\\nCarbondale.^._\\nMakanda\\n.lonesboro......\\nUllin\\nVilla Ridge\\nCairo\\n(9) Chicago to St.\\nLouis.\\nVia Springfield.\\nJunction.... 6\\nBremen [10 16\\nMokena 14 30\\nJoliet 110 40\\nWilmington\\nDwight.. _.\\nPontiac.\\nLexington\\nBlooraington\\nAtlanta......\\nLincoln\\nElkhart\\nSangamon\\nSpringfield.......\\nChatham....\\nAuburn\\nGirard\\nCarlinville\\nShipman\\nBrighton\\nMonticello.\\nAlton.\\nSt. Louis (by S. Boat)\\n(10) Chicago to Mil\\nWAUKEE.\\nChittenden\\nEvanston.\\nWynetka. _.\\nGlencoe\u00e2\u0084\u00a2-.\\nHighland Park.,\\nRockland\\nWaukegau\\nState Line.....^\\nKenosha\\nRacine\\nCounty Line._\\nOak Creek\\nMilwaukee\\n(11) Chicago to Rock\\nIsland Davenport.\\nJoliet (see No. 9).\\nMorns.....\\nSeneca......\\nMarseilles........\\nOttawa\\nUtica\\nLasalle...\\nPeru......\\nTrenton\\nBureau\\nPond Creek\\nSheffield\\nA nna wan _.. \u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00c2\u00bb_\\nGenesee..\\nColona\\nMoline\\nRock Island\\nr)AVBNFOST\\n(12) Chicago to Buf-\\nfalo.\\nVia Detroit and Canada.\\nCalumet....... 13\\nLake Station... 21 34\\nMichigan City..._. 21 55\\nNew Buffalo 9 64\\nNiles 27 91\\nDecatur 24 115\\nKalamazoo\\nBattle Creek\\nMarshall...........\\nParma ..._.....\\nJackson.....\\nChelsea ._..\\nAnn Arbor........\\nYpsilanti.....\\nWayne............\\nDearborn.\\nDetroit _...\\nWindsor (Canada)\\nRochester\\nChatham....\\nThamesville\\nEkfrid\\nLondon.\\nWoodstock\\nParis\\nBrantford.\u00e2\u0080\u009e.\\nCaledonia\\nDunville\\nPort Colborne.\\nRidgeway\\nFort Erie_......\\nBuffalo.....\\n139\\n162\\n175\\n196\\n207\\n228\\n245\\n252\\n265\\n273\\n283\\n283\\n302\\n339\\n343\\n372\\n393\\n421\\n440\\n447\\n464\\n484\\n503\\n513\\n521\\n524\\n(13) Cleveland to St.\\nLouis.\\nVia Belief ontaine, Indiana-\\npolis, and Terre-Haute,\\n7\\nRockport......\\nOlmstead\\nColumbia\\nGrafton\\nLagrang e\\nWellington....\\nRochester\\nNew London.\\nGreenwich.....\\nSalem\\nShelby\\nCrestline......\\nGalion.\\nCaledonia......\\nMarion\\nMount Victory,\\nRushsylvania..\\nBellefontaine\\nPeraberton.....\\nSidney.........\\nVersailles.......\\nUnion\\nWinchester.....\\nSmithfield\\nYorktown......\\nAnderson......\\nFortville.\\nLaneville......\\nIndianapolis...\\nBridgeport......\\nPlainfield\\nBelleville\\nMorrisville.\\nFillmore\\nPutnamville...\\nCroys Creek...\\nCloverland.....\\n15\\n18\\n25\\n39\\n36\\n41\\n47\\n54\\n60\\n67\\n74\\n79\\n91\\n100\\n122\\n131\\n140\\n156\\n163\\n181\\n198\\n208\\n222\\n334\\n246\\n262\\n273\\n383\\n291\\n395\\n301\\n307\\n315\\n324\\n334\\n345", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "GREAT RAILROA.D ROUTES THROUGH THE WEST. 143\\n10\\n9\\n10\\n9\\n5\\n13\\n23\\n14\\n22\\n21\\n19\\n10\\n18\\n26\\nR i i\\nSandford\\nRf)4\\n374\\n383\\nMidway\\n388\\n40!\\nCochran s Grove\\n424\\n438\\nAudubon....\\nHillBboro...\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nGillespie.\\nBunker Hill\\nBoat)\\n460\\n481\\n500\\n510\\n528\\nSi. Lotus (by S\\n553\\n(14) Buffalo To Chi-\\ncago.\\nVia Cleveland and Toledo.\\nEvans Centre _~.\\nDunkirk\\nPortland\\nWestfield\\nQuiucy. \u00c2\u00ab_.\\nState Line\\nNorth East.\\nErie, Pa\\nSpringfield...-\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nConneaut..\\nAshtabula\\nGeneva.\\nPerry........\\nPainesville.\\nWilloughby\\nEuclid\\nCleveland.\\nGrafton\\nOberlin\\nWakemaa\\nNorwalk.\\nBellevue.\\nClyde\\nFreemoat\\nWashington. __.... 7 272\\nStoney Ridge- 10 282\\nToledo 13 295\\nSylvania 11 .306\\nPalmyra 16 322\\nAdrian 6 328\\nClayton 11 339\\nHudson.\u00e2\u0080\u0094.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 6 345\\nHillsdale 16 361\\nJonesville 4 365\\nQuincy 12 377\\nColdwater\u00e2\u0080\u0094 6 383\\nBronson..\u00e2\u0080\u0094 U 394\\nBurr Oak 7 401\\nWhite Pigeon 18 419\\niWiddleburg 5 424\\nElkhart 15 439\\nSouth Bend _ 1 4 453\\nRolling Prairie _. 20 473\\nLaporte 7 480\\nCalumet 17 497\\nPine Station 19 516\\nJunction 15 531\\nChicloo 7 53d\\n(15) From Pittsburg to\\nCleveland.\\nHayesville. \u00e2\u0080\u009e_\\nSewickly... \u00e2\u0080\u009e_\\nEconomy\\nRemington... _.\\nFreedom\\nRochester.\\nBayard\\nMoultrie .n.\\nWinchester.....\\nAlliance _~. .._\\nLima. \u00c2\u00bb_.\\nAtwater _.\u00c2\u00ab.\\nRootstown \u00c2\u00bb._.\\nRavenna\\nEarlville..\\nHudson. \u00c2\u00bb.u..m..^.\\nMacedonia..\\n7\\n75\\nBedford\\n5\\n80\\nNewburg... .._..\\n6\\n86\\nCleveland.\\n8\\n94\\n(16) From Cincinnati\\nTO Lexington, Ky.\\nI\\nDe Coursey.........\\n6\\n7\\nCulbertsoQ\\n2\\n9\\nRyland\\n5\\n14\\nCanton... .-_\\n2\\n16\\nBenton-.^ .^o.\\n3\\n19\\nMullen s .._....,...\u00c2\u00bb\\n4\\n23\\nButler\\n6\\n29\\nFalmouth\\n10\\n39\\nCallensville\\n9\\n48\\nRobertson....\u00e2\u0080\u0094..\\n8\\n56\\nCynthiana _\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n11\\n67\\nParis _...\\n14\\n81\\nLexington\\n13\\n94\\n(17) Louisville to In-\\ndianapolis.\\nJeffersonville.\u00e2\u0080\u0094.\\nMemphis _..\\nSummit\\nVienna\\nRetreat\\nFarmington.\\nSeymour\\nJonesville\\nBannersville.\\nWay nes V ille\\nColumbus\\nTaylorsville.\\nEdinburg..\\nFranklin.\u00e2\u0084\u00a2\\nGreenwood\\nSouthport...\\niNDIANAPOLia\\n16\\n24\\n28\\n39\\n48\\n50\\n57\\n61\\n62\\n67\\n74\\n79\\n90\\n100\\n104\\n111", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "HIHTS TO STEAMBOAT TEAVELEES.\\nBe WAKE OF Gamblers. These gentry com-\\npose a formidable and well-organized army on the\\nWestern waters. Apparently strangers to each\\nother, they meet on most of the steamboats, and\\nlay their plans with consummate generalship and,\\nwhile the battles are often noiseless, the slain are\\nmany. Gambling, as practised here, is simply\\nstealing; there is no chance about it. Marked\\ncards, loaded dice, fraudulent faro-boxes, and the\\nlike, contrived expressly that the dealer or banker\\nmay win whenever he chooses, are the stock in\\ntrade of these gentlemen swindlers. During the\\nlong trips of these boats, hundreds resolve just to\\nbe a spectator, or at most to play only for pastime,\\nbut after a while they are induced to play for a\\ntrifle, or something to drink. At first, they are\\nallowed to win, bu-t soon the scales are turned, and\\nbefore the trip is closed, the victim loses the last\\ndollar. As you value health, reputation, peace of\\nmind, and the respect of those who know you, never\\nbe drawn into association witl gamblers. Eartli\\nhas no parallel for their villany, and ruin no other\\nagents so swiftly and certainly effectual.\\nGreat care should be taken in usine- the waters\\nof the western rivers too freely at first, as those f\\nthe Ohio and Mississippi contain a large amount\\nof vegetable matter, and those of the Missouri are\\nstrongly impregnated with clayey and other sub\\nstances, frequently producing- severe illness when\\nused by the unacclimated.", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "i^:\\n;V\\\\^\\n.A^\\ns^\\nf^\\nS^^ ^o", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2840", "width": "1703", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "iiM^A^lAifiiBr 1 iifilii 111 f llil^MittiM\\nOHIO BIVCB.\\nimSSISSIFFI BIVEH.\\nMississr 1 niVEB.", "height": "3331", "width": "2481", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\nJ\\n014 542 746\\nVt", "height": "3005", "width": "1846", "jp2-path": "ensignbridgmanfa00newy_0156.jp2"}}